第十二讲 主谓一致
考题自测体验
1.(2018内蒙古呼和浩特)—The price of vegetables so quickly these days. ?
—Oh, no, but I don’t think so.
A.afford B.rises
C.improves D.raise
答案:B
解析:句意: ——这些天蔬菜的价格上涨得那么快。——奥, 不是吧, 但是我没有那么认为。主语为the price, 故谓语动词应用单数形式, 描述价格上涨应用rise一词, 故选B项。
2.(2017黑龙江齐齐哈尔, 改编)A number of visitors visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitors increasing. ?
A.are; is B.is; are
C.are; are D.is; is
答案:A
解析:句意: 大量的参观者正在游览西湖, 且游客的数量在不断增加。a number of意为“许多, 大量的”, 修饰可数名词复数, 故其后的谓语动词也应该用复数, 排除B、D两项; the number of意为“……的数量”, 虽然也与可数名词复数组合, 但其中心词为number, 即数量, 故其后的谓语动词应用单数, 排除C项, 故选A项。
3.(2017黑龙江龙东, 改编) of the students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. ?
A.Two fifths; are B.Second fifths; are
C.Two fifths; is D.Second five; is
答案:A
解析:句意: 我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京夏令营。分数在英语中通常借助于“基数词+序数词”来表示, 其中基数词代表分子, 序数词代表分母, 当基数词大于一时, 序数词需用复数形式。故排除B、D两项; 分数修饰名词做主语时, 其谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于名词。the students为复数, 故选A项。
4.(2017贵州黔东南) There a book and four pens on the desk. ?
A.has B.is
C.are D.have
答案:B
解析:句意: 桌子上有一本书和四支钢笔。根据句子语境及构成可知本句为There be... 句型, 谓语动词的数遵循就近原则, 本句中be动词挨着的名词为a book, 为单数形式, 故be动词用is。
5.(2017湖南长沙, 改编) Not only my parents but also my sister crazy about the TV play In the Name of People. ?
A.is B.are
C.have been D.been
答案:A
解析:句意: 不仅我的父母, 还有我姐姐, 都迷上了电视剧《人民的名义》。not only... but also... 句式的谓语动词遵循就近原则, 最近的主语是my sister, 为第三人称单数。故选A项。
6.(2017山东潍坊, 改编)—What kind of movies do you prefer?
—I prefer the movies me something to think about. ?
A.which give B.that gives
C.which gives D.who gives
答案:A
解析:句意: ——你更喜欢哪种电影? ——我更喜欢那些能让我思考的电影。本题答语是限制性定语从句, 因先行词是表示物的名词, 引导词应选择which或that, 故排除D选项; 定语从句中的谓语动词取决于先行词的数的形式, 因movies为复数, 故give应使用原形, 故排除B和C两项, 故选A项。
7.(2017四川宜宾, 改编)Two months a long time. We can visit our grandparents during the vacation. ?
A.am B.is
C.are D.be
答案:B
解析:句意: 两个月是很长的一段时间, 我们可以在假期期间看望我们的祖父母。two months做主语, 谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式, 故选B项。
8.(2017江苏常州)The number of the students in our school very large and there a number of teachers. ?
A.is; are B.are; is
C.is; is D.are; are
答案:A
解析:句意: 我们学校学生的数量是很大的, 并且有很多的老师。The number of the students做主语,谓语动词用is; a number of“一些, 许多”, 后跟名词复数形式, 谓语动词用are。故选A项。
9.(2017江苏宿迁)—Mum, of my classmates glasses. ?
—Oh, my God. You need to protect your eyes well.
A.three-fourths; wears
B.three-fourth; wear
C.three-fourth; wears
D.three-fourths; wear
答案:D
解析:分数修饰名词做主语时, 谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于名词的单复数。由classmates可知选D项。
10.(2017江苏南京) Look! There a photo of our English teacher in today’s newspaper! ?
A.is B.are
C.have D.has
答案:A
解析:句意: 看, 在今天的报纸上有一张我们英语老师的照片。根据句意及结构可知, 本题是there be结构, 故排除C项和D项; 根据there be结构的主谓一致原则, 且a photo of our English teacher为单数, 故选A项。
课件25张PPT。第十二讲 主谓一致考点一考点二考点三主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。考点一考点二考点三语法一致原则
是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致, 即主语是单数, 谓语动词用单数形式; 主语是复数, 谓语动词用复数形式。
1.主语是不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式(短语)、从句等, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Coffee is more popular in Western countries.
咖啡在西方国家更流行。
2.主语是复数名词、复数代词, 谓语动词用复数形式。
Some boys are playing in the park.
一些男孩正在公园里玩。考点一考点二考点三3.以and和both... and... 连接的并列主语是两个或两个以上的人或事物时, 谓语动词用复数形式。若并列主语表示同一人或事物(and后的主语前没有冠词), 则谓语动词要用单数形式。
Both Linda and her sister are students.
琳达和她妹妹都是学生。
A journalist and author lives on the sixth floor.
一名记者兼作家住在六楼。
4.主语后跟下列词汇时, 谓语动词的数和主语保持一致: with, along with, like, except, besides, as well as, together with, including等。
Jenny with her classmates reads English every morning.
珍妮和她的同学们每天早上都读英语。考点一考点二考点三5.“a number of+复数名词”做主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式; “the number of+复数名词”做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of doctors in the hospital is about 200 and a number of them are women doctors.
这家医院大约有200名医生, 很多是女医生。
6.“one of+名词复数+谓语动词的单数形式”表示“……之一”。
One of my pen pals is from Sydney.
我的笔友中有一位来自悉尼。
7.none of后面只能跟可数名词的复数形式, 谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
None of those books are/is good.
那些书中没有一本是好的。考点一考点二考点三8.由one, each other, every one, each of... 做主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
Each of us has a math book.
我们每个人都有一本数学书。
9.由every, some, any等构成的复合不定代词和“不定代词either/neither+of+n.”做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Everything is OK!
一切顺利!
Neither of the two computers is cheap.
这两台电脑都不便宜。
10.在定语从句中, 关系代词that, which, who等做主语时, 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
Do you know the boy who is sitting next to Jim? ?
你认识正坐在吉姆旁边的那个男孩吗? 考点一考点二考点三11.glasses, pants, trousers, shorts, jeans, chopsticks, shoes, gloves等名词做主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式, 但如果其前有a/this pair/kind/series of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜坏了。
This pair of gloves is old. 这双手套是旧的。
典例1A woman with a young boy getting into my uncle’s car. ?
A.is B.are
C.has D.have
解析:with连接并列主语时, 谓语动词数的形式与with前面的主语保持一致。
答案:A考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三3.—Both Li Lei and Han Meimei fond of the TV program A Bite of China. ?
—I am also deeply moved by its stories!
A.is B.am
C.was D.are
答案:D
解析:both... and... 连接的并列主语是两个或两个以上的人或事物, 谓语动词用复数形式, 故选D项。考点二考点三考点一意义一致原则
是指谓语动词形式要与主语意义上的单复数形式保持一致。
1.有些集体名词如family, class, public, group, team, company等做主语时:
(1)若表示一个集体, 谓语动词用单数形式;
Our class is on the third floor.
我们班在三楼。
(2)若表示集体中的成员, 谓语动词用复数形式。
Our class are going to visit the museum tomorrow.
明天我们班要去参观博物馆。考点二考点三考点一2.有些集体名词如people, police等, 表示复数意义, 谓语动词用复数形式; 有些名词如news, politics等以-s结尾, 但表示单数意义, 谓语动词用单数形式。
People love having cats as pets.
人们喜欢把猫当作宠物。
The news that her son had been injured was a shock to her.
她儿子受伤的消息使她大为震惊。
3.复数名词表示时间、长度、重量、价格、距离等意义时, 通常被看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Fifty years is a long time in one’s life.
五十年在人的一生中是很长的一段时间。
Three dollars is enough for a pen.
三美元足够买支钢笔了。考点二考点三考点一4.“the+形容词”可以表示一类人, 做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
The old need more care.
老人需要更多的关爱。
5.“the+姓氏的复数形式”或“the+姓氏+family”, 表示“某一家人或一对夫妇”。做主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
The Blacks are walking along the lake.
布莱克夫妇正在沿着湖边散步。考点二考点三考点一典例2For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom
too long. ?
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
解析:句意: 对于这个年龄的孩子来说, 在教室里坐两个小时太长了。two hours做主语, 强调整体概念谓语动词用单数形式; 本句叙述常态, 应用一般现在时。故选A项。
答案:A考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一就近一致原则
有时谓语动词的形式与主语并不一致, 而是与靠近它的名词一致, 这种原则叫作就近一致原则。考点二考点三考点一典例3Neither Li Hua nor I good at writing. ?
A.am B.is
C.are D.be
解析:neither... nor... 连接并列主语时, 谓语动词数的形式和最近的主语保持一致。故选A项。
答案:A考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一考点二考点三考点一9.Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. ?
A.be B.am
C.is D.are
答案:B
解析:not only... but also... “不但……而且……”, 谓语动词与后面主语一致。故选B项。
