人教版英语必修3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note---名词性从句（共46张PPT）

(共46张PPT)
Revision of Noun Clauses

名词性从句复习
Part I
回归基础
基本句子结构
1）主语 + 系词 + 表语
They are busy.
2）主语 + 动词
She cried.
3）主语 + 动词 + 宾语
She studies English.
4）主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
We asked him to come back .
5）主语 + 动词 + 间宾 + 直宾 (双宾语)
Mum bought me a new dress.　
名词性从句

主语从句
（Subject Clause）
宾语从句
（Object Clause）
表语从句
（Predicative Clause）
同位语从句
（Appositive Clause）
作主语

作宾语

作表语

作同位语
基础回顾１

连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever
连接副词 how, why, when, where however, wherever
连接词 that, whether, if, because，as if /as though
引导名词性从句的关联词
I. 名词性从句的引导词：
连接词 ：that、if、whether 、 as if/though


不作成分
无意义
2. 连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、
which 、 whoever, whatever
3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、how
“好像”

作状语
作主/宾/表
“是否”
I know (that) he is a good teacher.
I know (that) he is a good teacher and that he teaches very well.
3. I want to know what happened here.

1. 宾语从句
表喜好的动词like, hate, love…
I like it when the autumn comes; it is clear and bright.
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.
I would appreciate it very much if you can come to my party.

1. 宾语从句
否定转移及反意疑问句
I don’t think you are right.
We don’t think he will come to help us, will he?

1. 宾语从句
宾从有宾补的句型
Sub. +vt. + it + adj/n. + that …
think, believe, consider, make, feel, find…
People think it natural that we learn English well.
1. 宾语从句
某些形容词后的宾从
Be sure/ afraid/ pleased/ glad/ happy/ surprised / certain…+ that…
eg， I am sure (that ) he will come to my birthday party.
We were surprised (that) he should get the first prize.
1. 宾语从句
When he will come is not known yet.
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.
Why he often comes here is known to us all.
Whichever you take will be yours.
2. 主语从句
It 做形式主语
It is + adj. + that…
It is + n. + that…
It is + p.p + that…
It seems / appears/ happened + that…
it做形式主语的句型要与状语从句，强调句型区别开来。


2. 主语从句
The problem is that we need more money.
You feel hot; that is because you are nervous.

If we put a chopstick partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.

3. 表语从句
Part II
考点归纳
1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别；
2.名词从句的语序和时态；
3.it作形式宾语的几种情况；
4.that从句作介词宾语；
5.宾语从句的否定转移；
6.whether和if的用法区别；
7.what在名词性从句中的使用；
8.doubt后的名词性从句的使用。
一、what、that区别
what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分
that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接作用。
例如
____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
A.What; what B. what; that
C.That; that D. That; what
解析：本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。
一、what、that区别
又如：
___ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where

解析：该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：

二. whether和if区别。
____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
解析：只用whether的情况：
1.引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；
2.习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。
3.动词后宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。
4.介词之后的宾语从句，表示“是否”，只用whether
5.whether可后接 to do，if不可以
该题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。
三. 名词性从句的语序

I don’t know ___. A. where was he born. B. where he was born. C. he was born where D. where is he born.
解析：与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。即使从句表达的是疑问含义。答案是B
No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
解析：从句用陈述语序，所以答案只能是A。又如：
You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
解析：答案是B。同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首，而且how和被修饰的词excited不能分开。
三.名词性从句的语序
当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句后置，而用it作为形式主语，置于句首。
动词后接复合宾语，也可用it作形式宾语。例如:
____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
There B. This C. That D. It
解析：所需词至于句首，同时后面有that-从句（逻辑主语），可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常带复合宾语。例如：
Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.
四 形式主语、形式宾语。
五 Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。
一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。例如：
It is generally considered unwise to give a
child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
解析：答案B，whatever引导宾从，作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what，因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么是不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同时要注意，这里whatever也不能改用no matter what，因为后者只能引导状语从句。

又如：
____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever

解析：答案是D，whoever意为“无论谁”，表泛指。比较下例：
I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words. （这里的who表特定的某人）
Where, when, why引导名从的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。例如：
----- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
----- Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. that D. where
解析：答案是A，why引导的从句作表语，同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why，而不是when或 where等，唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义，及语境。
六. Where, when, how，why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。
—Do you remember ____ he came?
—Yes, I do, he came by car.
A. How B. when C. that D. if
解析：答案是A，从答语 “he came by car”可知这里问的是“he”来的方式，所以用how引导。
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：
It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
解析：答案是A。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句，作介词of宾语的，是后面的整个句子，而不是宾语从句的引导词，由于这里引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who（作宾语时自然要用whom）。
七 “介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别。
比较下例：
Our country has thousands of excellent scientists, most of whom have received higher education at home.
这是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；引导定语从句的是“most of+关系代词”而不只是这个关系代词，同时这个引导词又作介词of的宾语，所以要用宾格whom。（注意与介词后面的宾语从句的引导词的用法进行比较和区别。）
引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略，但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时，that不能省。例如：
China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that
解析：该句中的从句作shows的宾语，是宾语从句，又因为从句中不缺主、宾语，所以只能用that引导；又因引导宾语从句时that可以省略，所以答案是C。
八、连接词that的省略。
九、否定转移
think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等
I don't think I know you.　我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come.　我相信他不回来。
若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
2) seem, appear 等
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
十. 时态呼应
宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响，
如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句可以用他所需要的任何时态；
如果主句中的谓语动词用了一般过去时，则从句中的谓语动只能用过去时的某种时态，但如果从句表达的是客观真理或客观存在则不受此影响。
I don’t know when he will go to Shanghai.
I thought that you were not here.
He said that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed.

1.The photographs will show you ____ .
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
2.He asked ____? for a violin．
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid




Have a try
1. ____? we can't get seems better than ____?we have.
A.What , what B. What , that
C. That , that? D. That , what

2. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B．that C．if? D．for






Have a try
3.What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．
A．when B．how
C．whether D．why

4． made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A．What…because B．What…that
C．That…what D．That…because





5. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests.
A. anyone? B. whomever
C. whoever D. no matter who
6. ____ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.
A. How B. Whatever
C. However D. No matter






7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child?____ he or she wants.
A. however? B. whatever
C. whichever? D. whenever


Part III
解题思路
Methods
Structure analysis 句法分析法
Substitution method 替代法
3. Cut-and-try method 尝试法
1. Could I speak to?______ is in charge of International Sales please?
A. who????????? B. what????????
C. whoever???????? D. whatever

speak to
sb
2.【07江苏】Choosing the right dictionary depends on ____ you want to use it for．
A．what B．why C．how D．whether
sth
depends on
3.【08安徽】Students are always interested in finding out_____ they can go with a new teacher．
A．how far B．how soon
C．how often D．how long

finding out sth

4. George said ____ is your money not you ____ she loves？
??? A. as, who???? B. that, which??
C. it, that???????? D. as, what
???
5. We can’t figure out _____ quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out．
A．that B．as C．why D．when
6. ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which
. ____ fashion differs from country to
country
Sth may reflect the cultural differences
7. Mary wrote an article on ____the team had failed to win the game .
?A. why ??????? B. what ???? C. who ??? D. that




Mary wrote an article on sth
8. One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that which
C. that what D. which that
9.Word has come ___ some foreign guests will come for a visit to our college next week.

what B. whether C. that D. which