人教版高中英语必修四Unit 2 Working the land单元教案
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Unit 2 Working the land
Ｉ．单元教学目标
Talk about agriculture: a pioneer in farming -Yuan Longping
Talk about organic farming & green food
How to write a brief summary
Try to consolidate how to express suggestions & advice
Master the usage of the -ing form as the subject and object
Learn how to design English posters
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式
建议（ Suggestions & advice）
I would rather ...
If I have a choice I’d choose because ...
I don’t like ... because ...
You need to ...
I’d prefer ... because ...
May I suggest ...
It’s a great pity that ...
Let me suggest Leng Jianli because...
Should I/We...?
Perhaps we should consider Leng Jianli because...
It’s better to ...
But what/how about ...
词
汇
1. 四会词汇
Sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietman, circulate, satisfied, freedom
2. 认读词汇
hybrid, strain, sorghum, peanut, darken, organic, fertilizer, fertile,
3. 词组
rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, would rather, refer to, search for, thanks to, would…rather,
语
法
动词的 -ing 形式作主语和宾语的用法
（The -ing form as the subject & object）
a. Wishing for things, however, costs nothing.
b. His other hobbies include playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.
Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组
1． 教材分析
本单元的中心话题是“农业”， 学生通过讨论和阅读了解有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容。让学生了解农业在整个人类生活中的重要性，了解农村生活，了解中国农民的生活现状，提高他们对农业的认识，并且帮助他们更深刻地理解农业科学家袁隆平的科学研究的价值。同时让学生了解organic farming 以及它对人们生活的重要性，进一步扩大学生的关于农业方面的词汇量，并通过写一则海报提高学生的写作水平。
1.1 WARMING UP 通过提问有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容，让学生谈谈自己对农村和农业劳动的认识或经验。教师可通过讨论让学生互相学习，相互交流经验以增加他们的农业知识。
1.2 PRE-READING 部分有两组问题。在第一组问题中，讨论大米在东亚和东南亚国家人民生活中的重要性；而第二组问题则提出世界部分地区所面临的饥饿问题。由此激发学生对世界的关注，培养学生的同情心。
1.3 READING 部分介绍中国著名的农业科学家袁隆平的生平和他的杂交水稻。第一段描述了袁博士的外表——他更象一个农民而不象一个科学家，农村就是他做科研的殿堂。他的科研成果就是超级杂交水稻。 第二段描述他的家庭出身，学业，献身水稻科研的原因及所取得的成就。第三段告诉我们袁博士过着跟普通人一样的生活却干着伟大的事业。即使在功成名就之后，他也淡泊名利, 有着无私奉献的高尚精神。
1.4 COMPREHENDING 部分设计了三个练习。第一个是判断练习，学生根据课文中理解和收集的信息做出判断，甚至通过讨论才能做出判断。第二个是词语理解题。第三个练习提出问题，要求学生在阅读课文后作出回答,以检验他们的理解力和训练他们的归纳总结能力。
1.5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE 部分学习本单元重点词汇和语法项目。词语学习部分采用给出词义而让学生从课文中找出与之匹配的词，然后用所找的词汇完成第二个练习中的短文，以及用课文中意义相近的词汇替换练习三句中划线部分。通过这三种练习帮助学生理解并能熟练应用课文中所学的词汇。语法部分通过从课文中找同义句引出动词的-ing 形式，教师此时可引导学生找出其他的句子，以启发学生理解-ing形式的句法功能。练习二通过模仿例句，用-ing形式做主语代替动词不定式改写句子。练习三要求学生连接短语造句，让学生学习-ing形式作宾语的用法，并列举后面接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。练习四则训练学生v-ing形式在实际生活中的应用能力。练习五则设计了一个游戏以丰富学生的想象力。
1.6 USING LANGUAGE 部分综合训练学生的听说读写能力。第一部分读写结合，学生先阅读文章，文章写的是 Organic Farming or green food,读完后要求学生写一个摘要。在此教师要首先强调写摘要时学生一定要抓住文章的主题并且运用所学的重要词语。听力部分通过回答问题来提高学生的理解能力和理解的正确性。Reading, speaking and writing 部分把读，说和写有机地结合在一起。假设你是一个“绿色食品” farmer，通过背景阅读，你要有充分的理由，利用所提供的句型，以对话的形式说服他人购买你的食品。最后为你的食品设计一个有说服力的广告。
1.7 SUMMING UP部分要求学生归纳总结本单元内容、词汇和语法结构三个方面。
1.8 LEARNING TIPS 部分对如何提高表达能力提出建议。
2. 课型设计与课时分配
1st period Reading
2nd period Language points
3rd period Learning about Language
4th period Grammar
5th period Using language
6th period Writing
Ⅳ. 分课时教案
Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
To learn some basic knowledge about agriculture
To summarize and retell the main idea of the passage
To know more about the great scientist, Yuan Longping
Target Language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom
b. 重点句子
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.
b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.
c. How to help students make up their minds to make contributions to motherland in the future like Dr Yuan.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
a. How to help students learn more about agriculture.
b. Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.
Step Ⅰ Greeting
T: Hello, everyone.
Ss: Hello, teacher.
T: In last unit we learnt some great women. Today we’ll learn a famous man. Who will it be? At first let’s look at the two pictures on Page 9. What are the people doing?
Ss: They are planting rice.
T: Can you tell me something about rice?
S: Rice grows in the south.
S: But in some place of the north we can also find rice.
T: Yeah. You are right. In fact rice is a cereal grain that has been grown for at least 5,000 years and is eaten by 2.4 billion people everyday throughout the world. In Australia, farmers have had to struggle with their harsh environment to grow rice.
Ss: Really?
Step Ⅱ Warming up
T: Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?
S: I have ever grown corn and potatoes. In autumn, my father and I ploughed the soil deep for the first time, then in the next spring, we ploughed the soil for a second time, this time I put the corn seeds into the tunnel following my father. Finally my father covered the corn seeds by ploughing again.
S: I never grow any plant. I’d like to plant sunflowers. They look beautiful. They always face the sun when they are young. I dig some holes in my garden, put some sunflower seeds in them, water them and finally cover them with some more soil.
T: Very well. Have you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?
S5: Yes, I went there to see my grandfather. In the village I played with other boys in the little stream and caught little fish. I even helped my grandfather get in the corn by cutting the corn stems, which made me tired.
T: Are you from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?
S: Yes, my father is a farmer. In my view, farming is hard work. People have to plant crops, smooth away weeds and get in the crops at the right time. They have to get up early to work in the field so as to protect themselves from the sunshine.
T: That’s right. In the north, the biggest worry that farmers have is the drought. When it doesn’t rain, and they can’t irrigate the crops, the crops will die and they will have nothing after hard working.
Step Ⅲ Pre-reading
Let students know the importance of rice. By answering the two questions, students can easily understand why we call Dr Yuan Longping a pioneer for all people, and why he devotes all his life to the rice research.
1. What is the main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries?
Rice. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world.
2. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?
suffer from starvation and starve to death
feel scared / be panic
fight for food, even kill each other
and the whole country would get into trouble.
If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?
Step Ⅳ Fast Reading
The reading material is about an agricultural pioneer named Yuan Longping who worked hard at a new strain of rice. It has proved so successful that his technology spread into other countries. The purpose of fast reading is to let students find some useful information, and get familiar with the text. So in this step, teacher can design some questions for students, so that they can easily find the answers and finish the reading task.
He is father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻), who was lately awarded “the Nobel Prize of Asia”. He received the honor for his great contributions (贡献) to hybrid rice research and work he did to improve rice production in developing countries. Now he is head of the National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center in Hunan Province, China (中国湖南省国家杂交水稻研究与发展中心). He is called a pioneer for all people.
Step Ⅴ Skimming
The text is about a(n) 1. ___________ _______ named Yuan Longping who made a great contribution to finding ways to 2. ______________.
Match the following headings with the right paragraphs.
Para 1 A. Dr Yuan’s dreams.
Para 2 B. Dr Yuan’s personality.
Para 3 C. Dr Yuan’s biography.
Para 4 D. Dr Yuan’s appearance and his achievement.
Keys: Para 1: D Para 2: C Para 3: B Para 4: A
Step Ⅵ Careful reading
1. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Yuan Longping
Appearance
_________ face and arms slim and strong body ______________
developed super hybrid rice
became the first ______________ in the world to grow high output rice
helps the UN reduce _______ in the world
Experiences
born in 1930 and _________ from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953
finding ways to grow more rice has been his life _____
to _________ his knowledge in less developed countries such as India and
Vietnam
Personalities
is satisfied with his life
doesn’t care about being famous
gives a large amount of money to help others to do their ________ in agriculture
has many dreams and never gives up
loves and ________ his people _________
to produce a kind of rice that could _____ more people
to _______ his rice so that it can be grown around the globe
Keys: sunburnt, Achievements, agricultural pioneer, hunger, graduated, goal, circulate, research, care for, Dreams, feed, export
2. True (T) or False (F):
1) Yuan Longping was a farmer when he was young.
2) The super hybrid rice can produce 20% more of the crop without expanding the field.
3) Yuan Longping was determined to find ways to grow more rice as a young man.
4) Yuan Longping is now teaching his knowledge in many countries to get more honours.
5) The UN is more confident about getting rid of hunger in the world now.
6) Yuan Longping is trying to live a comfortable life.
7) Yuan Longping is now seeking to realise his dream of growing his rice around the world.
Keys: ?1)-5 ) FTTFT????? 6)-7) FT
3. Choose the best answers.
1) What does the word “battle” refer to in the second paragraph?
A. The low rice output.
B. Ridding the world of hunger.
C. Fighting against farming.
D. The freedom to do research.
2) From the passage, we can know ______.
A. Yuan Longping is not a pioneer but a scientist in the research of the hybrid rice
B. Yuan’s parents are both agricultural scientists
C. more than 60% of the rice produced in the world is from the hybrid strain
D. using the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
3) It can be inferred from the text that ______.
A. Yuan knew the importance of rice import
B. Yuan is interested in playing the violin
C. Yuan is proud of his achievements
D. Yuan’s rice are grown in many countries
Keys: C, D, D
4. Discussion
Even if Dr. Yuan’s dreams come true, can this really solve starvation?
Step Ⅶ Post reading
Below is the summary of the text with some contents missing. Choose the right content from the box to make the summary complete.
1953, farmer, twenty percent, troubles, export, increase, researchers, hunger
Yuan Longping is a famous scientist who considers himself a(n) 1. ________. Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1930, he graduated from?Southwest?Agricultural?College?in 2. ________. When he was young, he saw 3. ________ in the countryside and dreamed of huge rice plants that could feed more people. In 1973, he grew a super hybrid rice, which could produce 4. ________ more rice, which meant harvests could 5. ________ without making fields larger. In 1950, farmers in?China?could produce 56 million tons of rice, but now with his rice they can produce two hundred million tons. He is not interested in money though and gives money to other 6. ________ as he believes people with less money have fewer 7. ________ and dreams cost nothing. One of his dreams is to 8. ________ his rice and feed people all over the world.
答案
1. farmer ?? 2. 1953? ?????? 3. hunger? 4. twenty percent? 5. increase
6. researchers? 7. troubles? ?? 8. export
Explain the following sentences in your own word.
1. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.
When he was a young man, he knew how important it was to produce bigger rice crops.
2. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside
During his early years, much of the countryside was troubled by hunger.
3. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
As they use his hybrid rice, farmers are producing twice as much rice as before.
4. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
He is not interested in buying things for himself or in living a comfortable life.
5. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.
It does not cost anything to dream for something.
Answer these questions based on your understanding of the passage.
1. Why did Yuan Longping want to increase the rice output when he was young?
Yuan Longping wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young.
2. Is Yuan Longping more of a scientist or more of a farmer? Do you think he is a businessman? Give your reasons.
I think he is more of a scientist, although he works in the fields like a farmer. His main purpose is not to make a profit for himself but to study agriculture and use that knowledge to improve farming for farmers everywhere. I do not think he is a businessman, because his goal is not to make money.
3. How would you describe Yuan Longping’s ersonality? Use three or four adjectives.
Because of his work with developing hybrid rice, it seems that Yuan Longping must be a very patient and careful man. He didn’t give up but kept working on his project. He also seems to be a very kind man, who cares for others. He wants to use his invention to help hungry people around the world.
4. Yuan Longping was able to develop a successful agricultural product when thousands of other farmers could not. what do you think is the main reason for his success?
I think Yuan Longping was successful because he kept working and did not give up. He was also very motivated to succeed and help other farmers around China.
5. Yuan Longping thinks that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
I mostly agree. I think being rich can cause a lot of problems, but it really depends on the life and attitude of the person. who is rich. People who are rich certainly have different problems from people who are not.
6. Yuan Longping developed super hybrid rice to help Chinese farmers and hungry people around the world. Can you think of any other major development that would make a great difference to world hunger? Write out your idea and then compare it with your partner.
I think developing other hybrid grains would make a great difference in the problem of world hunger.
Step Ⅷ Discussion
1. Choose one of these questions and discuss in groups.
1) What advantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life?
2) What disadvantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life?
2. Discuss in groups.
Would you like to have a life like his? Why or why not?
Step Ⅸ Homework
1. Writing a poster (海报) for the text.
2. Finish the exercises 1and 2 on page 11.
Language points
Target Language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom
b. 重点句子
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the language points.
b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.Teaching
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step Ⅰ Language points
Find the word or phrase from the text for each of these meanings.
1. brown (skin) from spending too much time in the sun
2. to make something or somebody free of
3. to become larger in size, number or amount
4. to make information and ideas known to many people
5. would prefer to
6. to try extremely hard to achieve something
7. to send things to foreign countries for sale
8. pleased by having what one wants or needs
9. to provide with things necessary for a certain purpose
10. plants grown in large amounts by farmers
11. because of
Keys: sunburnt, rid…of, expand, circulate, would rather, struggle, export, satisfied with, equip, crop, thanks to
1. Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.
袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。
working the land 土地耕种
work vi./ vt. 经营, 管理
work the land=grow crops on it 耕耘土地
e.g. He works a big farm.
他经营着一个大的农场。
2. …for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.
struggle vt.& vi.& n. 斗争; 拼搏; 努力; 挣扎
【归纳】
struggle to do sth. 艰难地做某事, 挣扎着做某事
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle with (against) 与……作斗争, 同……搏斗
【语境运用】单句填空。
1) She’s struggling _________(bring) up a family alone.
2) Millions of people are struggling ________ survival.
3) John struggled ____________ cancer for two years.
4) Police said there were no signs of a _________(struggle).
答案：1) to bring; 2) for; 3) against / with; 4) struggle
3. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without
expanding the area of the field.
袁博士(开始)在不增加农田面积的基础上寻求水稻增产的途径。
expand vt. 使变大; 使增强; 阐述
vi. 扩大; 增加; 增强
【归纳】
expand...into 把……扩展(发展, 膨胀)成
expand on/upon 阐述; 详谈
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。
We plan to ___________________ by opening two more stores.?
2) 管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。
The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to ___________________.
3) Could you expand __________ that point, please?
答案：1) expand the business; 2) expand and burst; 3) on / upon
辨析：expand extend spread stretch
expand 展开, 扩大, 不仅指尺寸的增加, 还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend 伸出, 延伸, 指空间范围的扩大, 以及长 度、宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延长。
spread 伸开, 传播, 一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围, 如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
stretch 伸展, 拉长, 一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展, 不是加长。
【语境应用】用expand/extend/spread/stretch的适当形式填空。
1) The hot weather __________ to October.
2) Water _________ when it freezes.
3) He _________ his body full.
4) The fire soon ________ to the nearby building.
答案：1) extended ; 2) expands; 3) stretches; 4) spread
4. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more
of the crop in the same fields.
这种特殊的稻田使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。
make it +宾语补足语+动词不定式, it做形式宾语, 动词不定式是真正
的宾语。
e.g. We consider it our duty to support good leaders.
我们认为支持好领导是我们的责任。
The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.
新方法使更快地完成任务成为可能。
5. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
thanks to 由于；多亏（有时用作反语）; 因为
【拓展】
表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：
because of, owing to, on account of, due to,
as a result of, result from
【方法规律】
owing to和thanks to的宾语所表达的内容往往是正面的、积极的东西。
due to, because of和as a result of的宾语则为中性的内容。在表达负面、消极的内容时多用as a result of和due to。
【温馨提示】
以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名
词或动名词而不可以跟从句。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It was all a great success — _________________________ (由于尽心竭力).
2) ____________________ (多亏了你的帮助), we arrived there safely.
答案：1) thanks to a lot of hard work; 2) Thanks to your help
2) rid … of … rid ... of 意为“摆脱，除去”，此时，rid作动词，rid oneself of sb. / sth.意为“摆脱，从……中解脱” 。
e.g. The man rid himself of debt.
这个人还清了债务。
It is very hard for the people to rid the
earth of pollution.
人们很难消除地球的污染。
Will science finally rid us of this disease?
科学最终能使我们摆脱这种疾病吗？
rid sb. / sth. of sb. / sth. 意为“去除，清除”
【注意】
rid还可以作名词, 构成短语get rid of, “摆脱掉、除掉、处理掉”。如:
It’s easy to get into the habit of taking drugs but hard to get rid of it.
We can’t get rid of war until we get rid of the causes of war.
【语境应用】完成句子, 使其与所给的句子意思相同或相近。
1) It is not easy for him to get rid of the bad habit.
It is hard for him to _____ ______ _____ the bad habit.
2) He plans to give up smoking in two months.
He plans to ____ _____ ____ smoking in two months.
答案：1) rid himself of; 2) get rid of
6. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as
before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。
英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:
1) 倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than...
2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级 + as...
3) 倍数+the+名词+of...
e.g. This building is five times higher than that one.
__________________________
This building is five times as high as that one.
________________________
这座楼比那座楼高出五倍。
这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
7. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. 袁隆平对生活非常满足。
be satisfied with 对…感到满意
e.g. One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.
一个人不应该只因一点小成就就感到满足。
satisfy v. 使...满意, 赔偿
e.g. I had to explain the reasons to satisfy his curiosity.?
我只好解释原因来满足他的好奇心。
拓展：
satisfaction n. 满意；满足
satisfactory adj. 令人满意的，圆满的
【相关短语】
satisfy one’s desire/curiosity/ needs
满足欲望/好奇心/需要
satisfy sb. of/that… 使某人确信..
be satisfied with 对……满意
be satisfied to do 乐意做……
with satisfaction 满意地
to one’s satisfaction
= to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人满意的是……
be far from satisfaction 远远不能让人满意
8. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
【拓展】
would rather...than... 常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”
would rather＋从句，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示
would rather have done 本想做……（而实际上未做）
【语境应用】单句改错。
1) This Sunday I would rather staying at home than go to the park.
? _______________
2) He would rather don’t go with me. _______________
3) I’d rather had the small apple. _______________
答案：1) staying?→?stay; 2) don’t?→?not; 3) had?→?have
9. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.
于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。
therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而，表示因果关系。
辨析：therefore so thus
therefore
副词。和上句连接时常用and therefore…形式，
and前加一逗号；如没有and，则上句尾用分号(;)。
so
连词。前一句尾常用逗号隔开，so不能与because连用。
thus
副词。常与and连用，呈现and thus+从句形式，
有时也会有…，thus doing…形式，强调引起一个直接的结果。
【语境应用】用therefore，so，thus填空。
1) She was caught cheating in the exam and ________ she was punished by her teacher.
2) She coughed badly, ________ she went to see a doctor.
3) The tram stopped suddenly, ________ causing the delay.
答案：1) therefore; 2) so; 3) thus
equip 配备；装备
e.g. We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life.
我们想让我们的儿子接受教育，使他能够适应以后的生活。
【归纳】
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着
equip...for sth./to do sth. 为了……而装备
well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的
【拓展】
equipment n. 装备; 设备(不可数名词)
a piece of equipment 一件设备
【语境应用】单句填空。
1) All riders ___________ (equip) with reflective vests and safety lights.
2) You must carry the necessary ___________ (equip) with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.
3) Your training will equip you ________ your future job.
答案：1) are equipped; 2) equipment ; 3) for
【温馨提示】
equipment为不可数名词，当表示“一件设备” 时，要用a piece of equipment(注意不说an equipment)。
Step Ⅱ Exercises
I.?根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。（每小题3分，共15分）
1. ________ ________ ________ ________ (幸亏有约翰的帮助), we finished our work early.
2.?“________? ________? ________? ________ ________ ________ ________ (你对你的新房子满意吗) ?”?he asked me.
3. She wanted to ________? ________ ?________ ________ (过安静的生活), so she decided to live in the countryside.
4. He is practising hard ________? ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (希望能在比赛中获胜).
5. My teacher ________? ________? ________ ________ ________ (从一所美国的大学毕业) with a degree in English literature ten years go.
II.?根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。（每小题3分，共15分）
1.?那只狗正在挣扎着想摆脱那个人。? (struggle)
__________________________________________
2.?他宁愿呆在家里看书。? (would rather)
__________________________________________
3.?汤姆生病了，所以没能来。?(therefore)
__________________________________________
4.?这家饭店不像以前那么好了。?(as ... as)
__________________________________________
5.?这位医生给了他一些药，使他摆脱了疼痛。?(rid ... of )
__________________________________________
Keys:
I.
1. Thanks to John’s help?
2. Are you satisfied with your new house
3. lead / live a quiet life? ????
4. with the hope of winning the competition
5. graduated from an American college
II.
1. The dog is struggling to get away from the man.
2. He would rather stay (at) home and read books.
3. Tom was ill, and therefore could not come.
4. The restaurant is not as good as it used to be.
5. The doctor rid him of his pain by giving him some medicine.
Step III Homework
Finish the exercises 2, 3 on page 12.
Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
To learn the -ing form as the subject and object
Teaching important points 教学重点
The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object.
Teaching difficult points 教具难点
How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Look at the following sentences.
Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
2. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.
3. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.
4. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
5. Just dreaming for things, however, costs
nothing.
StepⅠ 动词ing形式作主语和宾语
一、动词-ing形式作主语
1. 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：
Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
2. 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。 如：
It is very important remembering others’ names.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动词有：allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny,?enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。如：
My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes.
We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
2. 有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 但用法和意义都有所不同。这些动词是：remember, forget, stop, regret, try, mean等。如：
I remember meeting her at a party once.
I want to try playing soccer this spring.
3. 动词-ing形式用在动词need, want, require等后表示“需要”时, 用动词-ing形式的主动形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：
The carpet really wants cleaning. =
The carpet really wants to be cleaned.
4. 动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote to等中的to都是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：
My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early.
I’m looking forward to receiving your reply.
Step II Exercise
用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
1. ________ (find) a job in the United States takes specific skills. The following advice will help you find a job there.
? ★ Write a good resume (简历). Describe your accomplishments (成绩). Avoid _________ (include) unnecessary information. Your resume should be one page, if possible.
★ Find out about available jobs. One way is by _______ (look) in the newspaper or on the Internet. Another way is by networking. Networking means _________ (exchange) information with anyone you know — family, friends, neighbors, classmates, former co-workers, professional groups — who might know of a job. These people might also be able to
give you insider information about a company, such as who is in charge and what it is like to work at their company.
★ Practice the interview. The more prepared you are, the more relaxed you will feel. If you are worried about ______ (say) or _______ (do) the wrong thing, practice will help.
★ Learn something about the company. Finding information takes time, but it pays off.
You can get help in these skills — writing a resume, networking, preparing for an interview, researching a company
— by_______ (see) a career counselor (顾问). Most high schools and colleges have one who can help you get started.
Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs. Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go to dozens of interviews before finding a job. And it isn’t something you do just once or twice in your lifetime. For most Americans, ________ (change) jobs many times in a lifetime is not uncommon.
Step Ⅳ Practice
1. Rewrite the following sentences using the –ing form as the subject.
Example:
It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places.
—Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.
1. It is nice to help people in need of help.
2. It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice.
3. It is not difficult to learn more about farming.
4. In the countryside it is not as easy to do research as in the city.
5. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
6. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.
Keys: Helping people in need of help is nice.
Growing super hybrid rice is not easy.
Learning more about farming is not difficult.
Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.
Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students.
2. Which verbs are followed by–ing? Which by the infinitive? First write doing or to do over the correct group. Then write the verbs in the box in the correct columns and finally practise making at least four sentences with them.
_______
_______
both to do and doing
manage
expect
decide
seem
offer
imagine
suggest
avoid
admit
practise
hate
love
prefer
remember
regret
Step Ⅴ Homework
1. Finish exercise 4 on Page 13.
2. Next time we’ll learn Organic Farming on Page 14. Find some information.
Using Language
Teaching goals 教学目标
To get to know the advantage of organic farming.
To have an awareness of worrying about the quality of the food we eat.
Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词语
chemical, bacteria, pest, lead to, discovery, nutrition, keep…free from, root
b. 重点句型
With these discoveries, some farmer and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
1. How to grasp the main idea of the passage.
2. How to grasp the words and phrases and be able to use them freely.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法
StepⅠLook at the pictures.
What is the substance we put on the soil which makes crops grow?
How many kinds of fertilizers do farmers use?
Which kind do farmers use when they are doing organic farming?
Do you know about organic farming?
StepⅡReading
1. Scan the passage and get the main idea.
Chemical fertilizers can cause many problems, so organic farming is becoming more popular.
2. Answer the following questions after read the passage.
1) Why are chemical fertilizers so popular in farming today?
2) What problems can be caused by using chemical fertilizers?
3) What is organic farming?
4) What is the main reason for using organic farming methods?
Keys: 1) They are a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.
2) They can damage the land by killing helpful bacteria and pests and by staying in the ground and underground water for a long time. They damage people’s health by building up in their bodies and leading to cancer or other illnesses.
3) Organic farming means growing crops without using any chemicals.
4) The main reason for using organic farming methods is to grow good food and to avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.
3. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
Chemical
Farming
Advantages
Stopping crop disease and
increase __________
Chemical
Farming
Disadvantages
Damaging the land:
Killing the helpful ______ Damaging people’s health:◆Many chemicals in the food supply can lead to cancer or other illnesses.◆Food grows too fast to be full of much ________.
Organic
farming
____
To grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health
Organic
farming
Methods
◆Using ______ waste from animals as fertilizer
◆Changing _________ in each field every few years◆ Using _________ of soil to plant crops◆ Planting _____ between crops
Step Ⅲ Project
Persuade farmers to grow the crops by organic farming with the knowledge learnt.
What is organic farming?
What fertilizer should they use? Why?
How to plant the different crops?
...
Step Ⅳ Language points
1. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.
随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。
build up 逐渐增加，变得严重起来，
(车辆)拥挤起来；积累，
积聚；加强(力量)，
增强(体质)；建立，开发
2. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.
很多化学成份能导致癌症或其他疾病。
lead to 导致; 造成(后果); 通向
其中to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
【拓展】
lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
lead sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地
lead the way 引路, 带路
lead/live/have a...life 过着……样的生活
3. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。
focus n. 焦点; 中心点
v. 集中; 聚集
【归纳】
focus on/upon sth. 集中(注意力、精力等)于……
focus one’s eyes on 注视
focus one’s attention on sth. 集中注意力于……
out of focus 模糊不清/焦点没有对准的
in focus 清晰的/焦点对准的
bring sth. into focus 使……成为关注的焦点
the focus of attention/concern 注意力/关注的焦点
4. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.
同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。
keep … free from 远离，避免
keep free from emotional reactions 避免激动的反应 keep free from restrictions 避免受到限制
5. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.
同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。
[分析]
①本句结构比较复杂。其主干结构为: 主句(Crops put important minerals back into the soil) + 状语(making it ready for crops)。
②状语中又包含“make + it + 形容词”结构和由that引导的定语从句(that need rich and fertile soil)。
6. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.
还有一些有机耕作者喜欢在农作物之间种草，以防止水土流失，并且把草留在地里，从而成为来年农作物的天然肥料。
[分析]
①本句的主干结构是一个简单句, 其结构是: 主语(farmers) + 谓语(prefer) + 并列宾语(planting ... + leaving ...)。
②其中between crops和in the ground作地点状语。
③两个宾语后面又分别带有一个不定式作目的状语(to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil 和 to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop)。
Step Ⅴ Listening
1. What is the main topic of the conversation?
The possible bad effects of chemical fertilizers on the fruit and vegetables that we eat today.
2. Listen to the dialogue a second time. Decide if the following statement are true or false.
1) Paul thinks that Carrie is not telling him the truth.
2) Using chemical fertilizers always makes vegetables empty inside.
3) Today’s fruit is not as healthy for people as fruit fifty years ago.
4) Eating more vegetables might not always be good for us.
5) All of today’s vegetables look healthy but in fact are not.
Keys: T, F, T, F, T
Step Ⅵ Homework
Write a summary of this passage following the procedure.
Step 1: Skim the passage to find its main idea. Write it down in your own words.
Step 2: Find and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph. Rewrite each topic sentence, using your own words. Do not copy from the passage!
Step 3: Write your summary. First sate the main idea of the passage and then the topics covered by each paragraph. Remember, use your own words!
Speaking and Writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
To think about the advantages of “green food” or food that is grown by
organic farming methods.
To develop an argument to try to persuade others that their ideas are
correct.
To learn to write a poster.
Step Ⅰ Making a Dialogue (Pair work)
Situation:
You are a farmer and your partner is the customer, who doesn’t know much about the green food.
You are persuading the customer to buy your “green food” that is healthy and safe but more expensive.
Farmer
Customer
It’s better to …
This is good value because…
The advantages are…
It’s more expensive but…You’ll taste the difference when…
It’s a great pity that…
I’d prefer…because…
I don’t like… because…If I have a choice I’ll choose…What’s the advantage of…?
I’d rather…
For example:
Farmer: Good morning!
Would you like some…?
Customer: Hmm… They are a little expensive! What is the advantage of …?
Farmer: The advantages are…
StepⅡTalk Show
Mark is persuading Joan to have organic food.
(Mark = M; Joan = J)
M: Would you like to have some ice-cream? I’ve got a variety of flavors for you to choose from. I’ve got strawberry, peach, chocolate, coffee and vanilla.
J: Oh, no. I am on a diet. You know, I am putting on weight.
M: But you should not be too hard on you.
J: If I have a choice, I’d choose to have good food because I want to enjoy a good life.
M: May I suggest you have organic food?
J: It is a pity that I have no idea of it. What is organic food?
M: Organic food is generally named for the uncontaminated (未受污染的), safe, high-quality and full-of-nutrients food.
J: It sounds interesting. I’d prefer organic food because it is healthy. But how to identify organic food?
M: “Green Food” label is printed on all the packages of organic food.
J: Is it expensive?
M: It’s more expensive but it is good for your health.
J: OK, I’ll try to have some from now on.
Step Ⅲ Guided Writing
1. 如何创作海报
海报写作属于应用文写作。海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是向广大群众提供活动信息、介绍产品或说服别人等。
2. 写作时应注意以下几点：
1) 注意海报的格式。
2) 海报内容应条理分明，使读者一目了然。
3) 海报语言应清晰、简练、重点突出，尽量使用省略句，力求简洁生动。
4) 版面要新颖、美观，可采用不同的字体和颜色，还可以插图，形式活泼多样。
3. 海报通常包括标题、正文和结尾三个部分。
1) 标题介绍主要信息。
2) 正文提供更多有关的信息，并提供选择或推荐的理由。
3) 结尾总结海报内容。
4. 语言积累
organic food in eco-friendly packaging
environmental benefits of eating organic foods
Vitamins, minerals
completely natural, whole nutrition
no artificial colors & preservatives
promote efficient digestion
5. 学以致用
请写一份海报，劝说别人购买绿色蔬菜。海报应包含以下内容：
题目: 来这儿买最好的蔬菜！
理由: 价格合理; 新鲜; 富含维生素; 安全;
远离化肥; 在远离工业区的地方种植。
结论: 有机种植方式培育的绿色食品, 有益于身体健康。
6. 参考范文
Buy the best vegetables here!
Have you had any organic vegetables? They are healthy and green. Please come here and have a taste. Organic vegetables are on sale.
Good reasons to buy:
◆reasonable price
◆fresh
◆rich in vitamins
◆safe
◆free of fertilizer
◆grow away from industrial areas
Grown by organic farming methods, the vegetables here have all the advantages of “green food”, which of course can help you to keep healthy.
Step Ⅳ Homework
Now you work for a green food company.
Your boss asks you to design a poster for advertising the safety and importance of eating “green food”.
Ｉ．单元教学目标
Talk about agriculture: a pioneer in farming -Yuan Longping
Talk about organic farming & green food
How to write a brief summary
Try to consolidate how to express suggestions & advice
Master the usage of the -ing form as the subject and object
Learn how to design English posters
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式
建议（ Suggestions & advice）
I would rather ...
If I have a choice I’d choose because ...
I don’t like ... because ...
You need to ...
I’d prefer ... because ...
May I suggest ...
It’s a great pity that ...
Let me suggest Leng Jianli because...
Should I/We...?
Perhaps we should consider Leng Jianli because...
It’s better to ...
But what/how about ...
词
汇
1. 四会词汇
Sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietman, circulate, satisfied, freedom
2. 认读词汇
hybrid, strain, sorghum, peanut, darken, organic, fertilizer, fertile,
3. 词组
rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, would rather, refer to, search for, thanks to, would…rather,
语
法
动词的 -ing 形式作主语和宾语的用法
（The -ing form as the subject & object）
a. Wishing for things, however, costs nothing.
b. His other hobbies include playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.
Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组
1． 教材分析
本单元的中心话题是“农业”， 学生通过讨论和阅读了解有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容。让学生了解农业在整个人类生活中的重要性，了解农村生活，了解中国农民的生活现状，提高他们对农业的认识，并且帮助他们更深刻地理解农业科学家袁隆平的科学研究的价值。同时让学生了解organic farming 以及它对人们生活的重要性，进一步扩大学生的关于农业方面的词汇量，并通过写一则海报提高学生的写作水平。
1.1 WARMING UP 通过提问有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容，让学生谈谈自己对农村和农业劳动的认识或经验。教师可通过讨论让学生互相学习，相互交流经验以增加他们的农业知识。
1.2 PRE-READING 部分有两组问题。在第一组问题中，讨论大米在东亚和东南亚国家人民生活中的重要性；而第二组问题则提出世界部分地区所面临的饥饿问题。由此激发学生对世界的关注，培养学生的同情心。
1.3 READING 部分介绍中国著名的农业科学家袁隆平的生平和他的杂交水稻。第一段描述了袁博士的外表——他更象一个农民而不象一个科学家，农村就是他做科研的殿堂。他的科研成果就是超级杂交水稻。 第二段描述他的家庭出身，学业，献身水稻科研的原因及所取得的成就。第三段告诉我们袁博士过着跟普通人一样的生活却干着伟大的事业。即使在功成名就之后，他也淡泊名利, 有着无私奉献的高尚精神。
1.4 COMPREHENDING 部分设计了三个练习。第一个是判断练习，学生根据课文中理解和收集的信息做出判断，甚至通过讨论才能做出判断。第二个是词语理解题。第三个练习提出问题，要求学生在阅读课文后作出回答,以检验他们的理解力和训练他们的归纳总结能力。
1.5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE 部分学习本单元重点词汇和语法项目。词语学习部分采用给出词义而让学生从课文中找出与之匹配的词，然后用所找的词汇完成第二个练习中的短文，以及用课文中意义相近的词汇替换练习三句中划线部分。通过这三种练习帮助学生理解并能熟练应用课文中所学的词汇。语法部分通过从课文中找同义句引出动词的-ing 形式，教师此时可引导学生找出其他的句子，以启发学生理解-ing形式的句法功能。练习二通过模仿例句，用-ing形式做主语代替动词不定式改写句子。练习三要求学生连接短语造句，让学生学习-ing形式作宾语的用法，并列举后面接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。练习四则训练学生v-ing形式在实际生活中的应用能力。练习五则设计了一个游戏以丰富学生的想象力。
1.6 USING LANGUAGE 部分综合训练学生的听说读写能力。第一部分读写结合，学生先阅读文章，文章写的是 Organic Farming or green food,读完后要求学生写一个摘要。在此教师要首先强调写摘要时学生一定要抓住文章的主题并且运用所学的重要词语。听力部分通过回答问题来提高学生的理解能力和理解的正确性。Reading, speaking and writing 部分把读，说和写有机地结合在一起。假设你是一个“绿色食品” farmer，通过背景阅读，你要有充分的理由，利用所提供的句型，以对话的形式说服他人购买你的食品。最后为你的食品设计一个有说服力的广告。
1.7 SUMMING UP部分要求学生归纳总结本单元内容、词汇和语法结构三个方面。
1.8 LEARNING TIPS 部分对如何提高表达能力提出建议。
2. 课型设计与课时分配
1st period Reading
2nd period Language points
3rd period Learning about Language
4th period Grammar
5th period Using language
6th period Writing
Ⅳ. 分课时教案
Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
To learn some basic knowledge about agriculture
To summarize and retell the main idea of the passage
To know more about the great scientist, Yuan Longping
Target Language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom
b. 重点句子
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.
b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.
c. How to help students make up their minds to make contributions to motherland in the future like Dr Yuan.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
a. How to help students learn more about agriculture.
b. Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.
Step Ⅰ Greeting
T: Hello, everyone.
Ss: Hello, teacher.
T: In last unit we learnt some great women. Today we’ll learn a famous man. Who will it be? At first let’s look at the two pictures on Page 9. What are the people doing?
Ss: They are planting rice.
T: Can you tell me something about rice?
S: Rice grows in the south.
S: But in some place of the north we can also find rice.
T: Yeah. You are right. In fact rice is a cereal grain that has been grown for at least 5,000 years and is eaten by 2.4 billion people everyday throughout the world. In Australia, farmers have had to struggle with their harsh environment to grow rice.
Ss: Really?
Step Ⅱ Warming up
T: Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?
S: I have ever grown corn and potatoes. In autumn, my father and I ploughed the soil deep for the first time, then in the next spring, we ploughed the soil for a second time, this time I put the corn seeds into the tunnel following my father. Finally my father covered the corn seeds by ploughing again.
S: I never grow any plant. I’d like to plant sunflowers. They look beautiful. They always face the sun when they are young. I dig some holes in my garden, put some sunflower seeds in them, water them and finally cover them with some more soil.
T: Very well. Have you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?
S5: Yes, I went there to see my grandfather. In the village I played with other boys in the little stream and caught little fish. I even helped my grandfather get in the corn by cutting the corn stems, which made me tired.
T: Are you from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?
S: Yes, my father is a farmer. In my view, farming is hard work. People have to plant crops, smooth away weeds and get in the crops at the right time. They have to get up early to work in the field so as to protect themselves from the sunshine.
T: That’s right. In the north, the biggest worry that farmers have is the drought. When it doesn’t rain, and they can’t irrigate the crops, the crops will die and they will have nothing after hard working.
Step Ⅲ Pre-reading
Let students know the importance of rice. By answering the two questions, students can easily understand why we call Dr Yuan Longping a pioneer for all people, and why he devotes all his life to the rice research.
1. What is the main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries?
Rice. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world.
2. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?
suffer from starvation and starve to death
feel scared / be panic
fight for food, even kill each other
and the whole country would get into trouble.
If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?
Step Ⅳ Fast Reading
The reading material is about an agricultural pioneer named Yuan Longping who worked hard at a new strain of rice. It has proved so successful that his technology spread into other countries. The purpose of fast reading is to let students find some useful information, and get familiar with the text. So in this step, teacher can design some questions for students, so that they can easily find the answers and finish the reading task.
He is father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻), who was lately awarded “the Nobel Prize of Asia”. He received the honor for his great contributions (贡献) to hybrid rice research and work he did to improve rice production in developing countries. Now he is head of the National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center in Hunan Province, China (中国湖南省国家杂交水稻研究与发展中心). He is called a pioneer for all people.
Step Ⅴ Skimming
The text is about a(n) 1. ___________ _______ named Yuan Longping who made a great contribution to finding ways to 2. ______________.
Match the following headings with the right paragraphs.
Para 1 A. Dr Yuan’s dreams.
Para 2 B. Dr Yuan’s personality.
Para 3 C. Dr Yuan’s biography.
Para 4 D. Dr Yuan’s appearance and his achievement.
Keys: Para 1: D Para 2: C Para 3: B Para 4: A
Step Ⅵ Careful reading
1. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Yuan Longping
Appearance
_________ face and arms slim and strong body ______________
developed super hybrid rice
became the first ______________ in the world to grow high output rice
helps the UN reduce _______ in the world
Experiences
born in 1930 and _________ from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953
finding ways to grow more rice has been his life _____
to _________ his knowledge in less developed countries such as India and
Vietnam
Personalities
is satisfied with his life
doesn’t care about being famous
gives a large amount of money to help others to do their ________ in agriculture
has many dreams and never gives up
loves and ________ his people _________
to produce a kind of rice that could _____ more people
to _______ his rice so that it can be grown around the globe
Keys: sunburnt, Achievements, agricultural pioneer, hunger, graduated, goal, circulate, research, care for, Dreams, feed, export
2. True (T) or False (F):
1) Yuan Longping was a farmer when he was young.
2) The super hybrid rice can produce 20% more of the crop without expanding the field.
3) Yuan Longping was determined to find ways to grow more rice as a young man.
4) Yuan Longping is now teaching his knowledge in many countries to get more honours.
5) The UN is more confident about getting rid of hunger in the world now.
6) Yuan Longping is trying to live a comfortable life.
7) Yuan Longping is now seeking to realise his dream of growing his rice around the world.
Keys: ?1)-5 ) FTTFT????? 6)-7) FT
3. Choose the best answers.
1) What does the word “battle” refer to in the second paragraph?
A. The low rice output.
B. Ridding the world of hunger.
C. Fighting against farming.
D. The freedom to do research.
2) From the passage, we can know ______.
A. Yuan Longping is not a pioneer but a scientist in the research of the hybrid rice
B. Yuan’s parents are both agricultural scientists
C. more than 60% of the rice produced in the world is from the hybrid strain
D. using the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
3) It can be inferred from the text that ______.
A. Yuan knew the importance of rice import
B. Yuan is interested in playing the violin
C. Yuan is proud of his achievements
D. Yuan’s rice are grown in many countries
Keys: C, D, D
4. Discussion
Even if Dr. Yuan’s dreams come true, can this really solve starvation?
Step Ⅶ Post reading
Below is the summary of the text with some contents missing. Choose the right content from the box to make the summary complete.
1953, farmer, twenty percent, troubles, export, increase, researchers, hunger
Yuan Longping is a famous scientist who considers himself a(n) 1. ________. Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1930, he graduated from?Southwest?Agricultural?College?in 2. ________. When he was young, he saw 3. ________ in the countryside and dreamed of huge rice plants that could feed more people. In 1973, he grew a super hybrid rice, which could produce 4. ________ more rice, which meant harvests could 5. ________ without making fields larger. In 1950, farmers in?China?could produce 56 million tons of rice, but now with his rice they can produce two hundred million tons. He is not interested in money though and gives money to other 6. ________ as he believes people with less money have fewer 7. ________ and dreams cost nothing. One of his dreams is to 8. ________ his rice and feed people all over the world.
答案
1. farmer ?? 2. 1953? ?????? 3. hunger? 4. twenty percent? 5. increase
6. researchers? 7. troubles? ?? 8. export
Explain the following sentences in your own word.
1. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.
When he was a young man, he knew how important it was to produce bigger rice crops.
2. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside
During his early years, much of the countryside was troubled by hunger.
3. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
As they use his hybrid rice, farmers are producing twice as much rice as before.
4. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
He is not interested in buying things for himself or in living a comfortable life.
5. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.
It does not cost anything to dream for something.
Answer these questions based on your understanding of the passage.
1. Why did Yuan Longping want to increase the rice output when he was young?
Yuan Longping wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young.
2. Is Yuan Longping more of a scientist or more of a farmer? Do you think he is a businessman? Give your reasons.
I think he is more of a scientist, although he works in the fields like a farmer. His main purpose is not to make a profit for himself but to study agriculture and use that knowledge to improve farming for farmers everywhere. I do not think he is a businessman, because his goal is not to make money.
3. How would you describe Yuan Longping’s ersonality? Use three or four adjectives.
Because of his work with developing hybrid rice, it seems that Yuan Longping must be a very patient and careful man. He didn’t give up but kept working on his project. He also seems to be a very kind man, who cares for others. He wants to use his invention to help hungry people around the world.
4. Yuan Longping was able to develop a successful agricultural product when thousands of other farmers could not. what do you think is the main reason for his success?
I think Yuan Longping was successful because he kept working and did not give up. He was also very motivated to succeed and help other farmers around China.
5. Yuan Longping thinks that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
I mostly agree. I think being rich can cause a lot of problems, but it really depends on the life and attitude of the person. who is rich. People who are rich certainly have different problems from people who are not.
6. Yuan Longping developed super hybrid rice to help Chinese farmers and hungry people around the world. Can you think of any other major development that would make a great difference to world hunger? Write out your idea and then compare it with your partner.
I think developing other hybrid grains would make a great difference in the problem of world hunger.
Step Ⅷ Discussion
1. Choose one of these questions and discuss in groups.
1) What advantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life?
2) What disadvantages do you see in Yuan Longping’s life?
2. Discuss in groups.
Would you like to have a life like his? Why or why not?
Step Ⅸ Homework
1. Writing a poster (海报) for the text.
2. Finish the exercises 1and 2 on page 11.
Language points
Target Language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
sunburnt, struggle, decade, super, output, crop, hunger, disturbing, expand, Vietnam, circulate, satisfied, freedom
b. 重点句子
Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the language points.
b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.Teaching
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step Ⅰ Language points
Find the word or phrase from the text for each of these meanings.
1. brown (skin) from spending too much time in the sun
2. to make something or somebody free of
3. to become larger in size, number or amount
4. to make information and ideas known to many people
5. would prefer to
6. to try extremely hard to achieve something
7. to send things to foreign countries for sale
8. pleased by having what one wants or needs
9. to provide with things necessary for a certain purpose
10. plants grown in large amounts by farmers
11. because of
Keys: sunburnt, rid…of, expand, circulate, would rather, struggle, export, satisfied with, equip, crop, thanks to
1. Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.
袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田间耕作，进行科学研究。
working the land 土地耕种
work vi./ vt. 经营, 管理
work the land=grow crops on it 耕耘土地
e.g. He works a big farm.
他经营着一个大的农场。
2. …for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.
struggle vt.& vi.& n. 斗争; 拼搏; 努力; 挣扎
【归纳】
struggle to do sth. 艰难地做某事, 挣扎着做某事
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle with (against) 与……作斗争, 同……搏斗
【语境运用】单句填空。
1) She’s struggling _________(bring) up a family alone.
2) Millions of people are struggling ________ survival.
3) John struggled ____________ cancer for two years.
4) Police said there were no signs of a _________(struggle).
答案：1) to bring; 2) for; 3) against / with; 4) struggle
3. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without
expanding the area of the field.
袁博士(开始)在不增加农田面积的基础上寻求水稻增产的途径。
expand vt. 使变大; 使增强; 阐述
vi. 扩大; 增加; 增强
【归纳】
expand...into 把……扩展(发展, 膨胀)成
expand on/upon 阐述; 详谈
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。
We plan to ___________________ by opening two more stores.?
2) 管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。
The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to ___________________.
3) Could you expand __________ that point, please?
答案：1) expand the business; 2) expand and burst; 3) on / upon
辨析：expand extend spread stretch
expand 展开, 扩大, 不仅指尺寸的增加, 还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend 伸出, 延伸, 指空间范围的扩大, 以及长 度、宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延长。
spread 伸开, 传播, 一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围, 如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
stretch 伸展, 拉长, 一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展, 不是加长。
【语境应用】用expand/extend/spread/stretch的适当形式填空。
1) The hot weather __________ to October.
2) Water _________ when it freezes.
3) He _________ his body full.
4) The fire soon ________ to the nearby building.
答案：1) extended ; 2) expands; 3) stretches; 4) spread
4. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more
of the crop in the same fields.
这种特殊的稻田使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。
make it +宾语补足语+动词不定式, it做形式宾语, 动词不定式是真正
的宾语。
e.g. We consider it our duty to support good leaders.
我们认为支持好领导是我们的责任。
The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.
新方法使更快地完成任务成为可能。
5. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
thanks to 由于；多亏（有时用作反语）; 因为
【拓展】
表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：
because of, owing to, on account of, due to,
as a result of, result from
【方法规律】
owing to和thanks to的宾语所表达的内容往往是正面的、积极的东西。
due to, because of和as a result of的宾语则为中性的内容。在表达负面、消极的内容时多用as a result of和due to。
【温馨提示】
以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名
词或动名词而不可以跟从句。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It was all a great success — _________________________ (由于尽心竭力).
2) ____________________ (多亏了你的帮助), we arrived there safely.
答案：1) thanks to a lot of hard work; 2) Thanks to your help
2) rid … of … rid ... of 意为“摆脱，除去”，此时，rid作动词，rid oneself of sb. / sth.意为“摆脱，从……中解脱” 。
e.g. The man rid himself of debt.
这个人还清了债务。
It is very hard for the people to rid the
earth of pollution.
人们很难消除地球的污染。
Will science finally rid us of this disease?
科学最终能使我们摆脱这种疾病吗？
rid sb. / sth. of sb. / sth. 意为“去除，清除”
【注意】
rid还可以作名词, 构成短语get rid of, “摆脱掉、除掉、处理掉”。如:
It’s easy to get into the habit of taking drugs but hard to get rid of it.
We can’t get rid of war until we get rid of the causes of war.
【语境应用】完成句子, 使其与所给的句子意思相同或相近。
1) It is not easy for him to get rid of the bad habit.
It is hard for him to _____ ______ _____ the bad habit.
2) He plans to give up smoking in two months.
He plans to ____ _____ ____ smoking in two months.
答案：1) rid himself of; 2) get rid of
6. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as
before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。
英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:
1) 倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than...
2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级 + as...
3) 倍数+the+名词+of...
e.g. This building is five times higher than that one.
__________________________
This building is five times as high as that one.
________________________
这座楼比那座楼高出五倍。
这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
7. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. 袁隆平对生活非常满足。
be satisfied with 对…感到满意
e.g. One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.
一个人不应该只因一点小成就就感到满足。
satisfy v. 使...满意, 赔偿
e.g. I had to explain the reasons to satisfy his curiosity.?
我只好解释原因来满足他的好奇心。
拓展：
satisfaction n. 满意；满足
satisfactory adj. 令人满意的，圆满的
【相关短语】
satisfy one’s desire/curiosity/ needs
满足欲望/好奇心/需要
satisfy sb. of/that… 使某人确信..
be satisfied with 对……满意
be satisfied to do 乐意做……
with satisfaction 满意地
to one’s satisfaction
= to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人满意的是……
be far from satisfaction 远远不能让人满意
8. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
【拓展】
would rather...than... 常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”
would rather＋从句，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示
would rather have done 本想做……（而实际上未做）
【语境应用】单句改错。
1) This Sunday I would rather staying at home than go to the park.
? _______________
2) He would rather don’t go with me. _______________
3) I’d rather had the small apple. _______________
答案：1) staying?→?stay; 2) don’t?→?not; 3) had?→?have
9. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.
于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。
therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而，表示因果关系。
辨析：therefore so thus
therefore
副词。和上句连接时常用and therefore…形式，
and前加一逗号；如没有and，则上句尾用分号(;)。
so
连词。前一句尾常用逗号隔开，so不能与because连用。
thus
副词。常与and连用，呈现and thus+从句形式，
有时也会有…，thus doing…形式，强调引起一个直接的结果。
【语境应用】用therefore，so，thus填空。
1) She was caught cheating in the exam and ________ she was punished by her teacher.
2) She coughed badly, ________ she went to see a doctor.
3) The tram stopped suddenly, ________ causing the delay.
答案：1) therefore; 2) so; 3) thus
equip 配备；装备
e.g. We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life.
我们想让我们的儿子接受教育，使他能够适应以后的生活。
【归纳】
equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着
equip...for sth./to do sth. 为了……而装备
well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的
【拓展】
equipment n. 装备; 设备(不可数名词)
a piece of equipment 一件设备
【语境应用】单句填空。
1) All riders ___________ (equip) with reflective vests and safety lights.
2) You must carry the necessary ___________ (equip) with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.
3) Your training will equip you ________ your future job.
答案：1) are equipped; 2) equipment ; 3) for
【温馨提示】
equipment为不可数名词，当表示“一件设备” 时，要用a piece of equipment(注意不说an equipment)。
Step Ⅱ Exercises
I.?根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。（每小题3分，共15分）
1. ________ ________ ________ ________ (幸亏有约翰的帮助), we finished our work early.
2.?“________? ________? ________? ________ ________ ________ ________ (你对你的新房子满意吗) ?”?he asked me.
3. She wanted to ________? ________ ?________ ________ (过安静的生活), so she decided to live in the countryside.
4. He is practising hard ________? ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (希望能在比赛中获胜).
5. My teacher ________? ________? ________ ________ ________ (从一所美国的大学毕业) with a degree in English literature ten years go.
II.?根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。（每小题3分，共15分）
1.?那只狗正在挣扎着想摆脱那个人。? (struggle)
__________________________________________
2.?他宁愿呆在家里看书。? (would rather)
__________________________________________
3.?汤姆生病了，所以没能来。?(therefore)
__________________________________________
4.?这家饭店不像以前那么好了。?(as ... as)
__________________________________________
5.?这位医生给了他一些药，使他摆脱了疼痛。?(rid ... of )
__________________________________________
Keys:
I.
1. Thanks to John’s help?
2. Are you satisfied with your new house
3. lead / live a quiet life? ????
4. with the hope of winning the competition
5. graduated from an American college
II.
1. The dog is struggling to get away from the man.
2. He would rather stay (at) home and read books.
3. Tom was ill, and therefore could not come.
4. The restaurant is not as good as it used to be.
5. The doctor rid him of his pain by giving him some medicine.
Step III Homework
Finish the exercises 2, 3 on page 12.
Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
To learn the -ing form as the subject and object
Teaching important points 教学重点
The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object.
Teaching difficult points 教具难点
How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Look at the following sentences.
Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
2. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.
3. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.
4. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
5. Just dreaming for things, however, costs
nothing.
StepⅠ 动词ing形式作主语和宾语
一、动词-ing形式作主语
1. 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：
Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
2. 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。 如：
It is very important remembering others’ names.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动词有：allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny,?enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。如：
My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes.
We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
2. 有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 但用法和意义都有所不同。这些动词是：remember, forget, stop, regret, try, mean等。如：
I remember meeting her at a party once.
I want to try playing soccer this spring.
3. 动词-ing形式用在动词need, want, require等后表示“需要”时, 用动词-ing形式的主动形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：
The carpet really wants cleaning. =
The carpet really wants to be cleaned.
4. 动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote to等中的to都是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：
My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early.
I’m looking forward to receiving your reply.
Step II Exercise
用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
1. ________ (find) a job in the United States takes specific skills. The following advice will help you find a job there.
? ★ Write a good resume (简历). Describe your accomplishments (成绩). Avoid _________ (include) unnecessary information. Your resume should be one page, if possible.
★ Find out about available jobs. One way is by _______ (look) in the newspaper or on the Internet. Another way is by networking. Networking means _________ (exchange) information with anyone you know — family, friends, neighbors, classmates, former co-workers, professional groups — who might know of a job. These people might also be able to
give you insider information about a company, such as who is in charge and what it is like to work at their company.
★ Practice the interview. The more prepared you are, the more relaxed you will feel. If you are worried about ______ (say) or _______ (do) the wrong thing, practice will help.
★ Learn something about the company. Finding information takes time, but it pays off.
You can get help in these skills — writing a resume, networking, preparing for an interview, researching a company
— by_______ (see) a career counselor (顾问). Most high schools and colleges have one who can help you get started.
Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs. Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go to dozens of interviews before finding a job. And it isn’t something you do just once or twice in your lifetime. For most Americans, ________ (change) jobs many times in a lifetime is not uncommon.
Step Ⅳ Practice
1. Rewrite the following sentences using the –ing form as the subject.
Example:
It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places.
—Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.
1. It is nice to help people in need of help.
2. It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice.
3. It is not difficult to learn more about farming.
4. In the countryside it is not as easy to do research as in the city.
5. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
6. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.
Keys: Helping people in need of help is nice.
Growing super hybrid rice is not easy.
Learning more about farming is not difficult.
Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.
Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students.
2. Which verbs are followed by–ing? Which by the infinitive? First write doing or to do over the correct group. Then write the verbs in the box in the correct columns and finally practise making at least four sentences with them.
_______
_______
both to do and doing
manage
expect
decide
seem
offer
imagine
suggest
avoid
admit
practise
hate
love
prefer
remember
regret
Step Ⅴ Homework
1. Finish exercise 4 on Page 13.
2. Next time we’ll learn Organic Farming on Page 14. Find some information.
Using Language
Teaching goals 教学目标
To get to know the advantage of organic farming.
To have an awareness of worrying about the quality of the food we eat.
Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词语
chemical, bacteria, pest, lead to, discovery, nutrition, keep…free from, root
b. 重点句型
With these discoveries, some farmer and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.
Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
1. How to grasp the main idea of the passage.
2. How to grasp the words and phrases and be able to use them freely.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法
StepⅠLook at the pictures.
What is the substance we put on the soil which makes crops grow?
How many kinds of fertilizers do farmers use?
Which kind do farmers use when they are doing organic farming?
Do you know about organic farming?
StepⅡReading
1. Scan the passage and get the main idea.
Chemical fertilizers can cause many problems, so organic farming is becoming more popular.
2. Answer the following questions after read the passage.
1) Why are chemical fertilizers so popular in farming today?
2) What problems can be caused by using chemical fertilizers?
3) What is organic farming?
4) What is the main reason for using organic farming methods?
Keys: 1) They are a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.
2) They can damage the land by killing helpful bacteria and pests and by staying in the ground and underground water for a long time. They damage people’s health by building up in their bodies and leading to cancer or other illnesses.
3) Organic farming means growing crops without using any chemicals.
4) The main reason for using organic farming methods is to grow good food and to avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.
3. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
Chemical
Farming
Advantages
Stopping crop disease and
increase __________
Chemical
Farming
Disadvantages
Damaging the land:
Killing the helpful ______ Damaging people’s health:◆Many chemicals in the food supply can lead to cancer or other illnesses.◆Food grows too fast to be full of much ________.
Organic
farming
____
To grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health
Organic
farming
Methods
◆Using ______ waste from animals as fertilizer
◆Changing _________ in each field every few years◆ Using _________ of soil to plant crops◆ Planting _____ between crops
Step Ⅲ Project
Persuade farmers to grow the crops by organic farming with the knowledge learnt.
What is organic farming?
What fertilizer should they use? Why?
How to plant the different crops?
...
Step Ⅳ Language points
1. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.
随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。
build up 逐渐增加，变得严重起来，
(车辆)拥挤起来；积累，
积聚；加强(力量)，
增强(体质)；建立，开发
2. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.
很多化学成份能导致癌症或其他疾病。
lead to 导致; 造成(后果); 通向
其中to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
【拓展】
lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
lead sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地
lead the way 引路, 带路
lead/live/have a...life 过着……样的生活
3. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。
focus n. 焦点; 中心点
v. 集中; 聚集
【归纳】
focus on/upon sth. 集中(注意力、精力等)于……
focus one’s eyes on 注视
focus one’s attention on sth. 集中注意力于……
out of focus 模糊不清/焦点没有对准的
in focus 清晰的/焦点对准的
bring sth. into focus 使……成为关注的焦点
the focus of attention/concern 注意力/关注的焦点
4. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.
同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。
keep … free from 远离，避免
keep free from emotional reactions 避免激动的反应 keep free from restrictions 避免受到限制
5. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.
同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。
[分析]
①本句结构比较复杂。其主干结构为: 主句(Crops put important minerals back into the soil) + 状语(making it ready for crops)。
②状语中又包含“make + it + 形容词”结构和由that引导的定语从句(that need rich and fertile soil)。
6. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.
还有一些有机耕作者喜欢在农作物之间种草，以防止水土流失，并且把草留在地里，从而成为来年农作物的天然肥料。
[分析]
①本句的主干结构是一个简单句, 其结构是: 主语(farmers) + 谓语(prefer) + 并列宾语(planting ... + leaving ...)。
②其中between crops和in the ground作地点状语。
③两个宾语后面又分别带有一个不定式作目的状语(to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil 和 to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop)。
Step Ⅴ Listening
1. What is the main topic of the conversation?
The possible bad effects of chemical fertilizers on the fruit and vegetables that we eat today.
2. Listen to the dialogue a second time. Decide if the following statement are true or false.
1) Paul thinks that Carrie is not telling him the truth.
2) Using chemical fertilizers always makes vegetables empty inside.
3) Today’s fruit is not as healthy for people as fruit fifty years ago.
4) Eating more vegetables might not always be good for us.
5) All of today’s vegetables look healthy but in fact are not.
Keys: T, F, T, F, T
Step Ⅵ Homework
Write a summary of this passage following the procedure.
Step 1: Skim the passage to find its main idea. Write it down in your own words.
Step 2: Find and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph. Rewrite each topic sentence, using your own words. Do not copy from the passage!
Step 3: Write your summary. First sate the main idea of the passage and then the topics covered by each paragraph. Remember, use your own words!
Speaking and Writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
To think about the advantages of “green food” or food that is grown by
organic farming methods.
To develop an argument to try to persuade others that their ideas are
correct.
To learn to write a poster.
Step Ⅰ Making a Dialogue (Pair work)
Situation:
You are a farmer and your partner is the customer, who doesn’t know much about the green food.
You are persuading the customer to buy your “green food” that is healthy and safe but more expensive.
Farmer
Customer
It’s better to …
This is good value because…
The advantages are…
It’s more expensive but…You’ll taste the difference when…
It’s a great pity that…
I’d prefer…because…
I don’t like… because…If I have a choice I’ll choose…What’s the advantage of…?
I’d rather…
For example:
Farmer: Good morning!
Would you like some…?
Customer: Hmm… They are a little expensive! What is the advantage of …?
Farmer: The advantages are…
StepⅡTalk Show
Mark is persuading Joan to have organic food.
(Mark = M; Joan = J)
M: Would you like to have some ice-cream? I’ve got a variety of flavors for you to choose from. I’ve got strawberry, peach, chocolate, coffee and vanilla.
J: Oh, no. I am on a diet. You know, I am putting on weight.
M: But you should not be too hard on you.
J: If I have a choice, I’d choose to have good food because I want to enjoy a good life.
M: May I suggest you have organic food?
J: It is a pity that I have no idea of it. What is organic food?
M: Organic food is generally named for the uncontaminated (未受污染的), safe, high-quality and full-of-nutrients food.
J: It sounds interesting. I’d prefer organic food because it is healthy. But how to identify organic food?
M: “Green Food” label is printed on all the packages of organic food.
J: Is it expensive?
M: It’s more expensive but it is good for your health.
J: OK, I’ll try to have some from now on.
Step Ⅲ Guided Writing
1. 如何创作海报
海报写作属于应用文写作。海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是向广大群众提供活动信息、介绍产品或说服别人等。
2. 写作时应注意以下几点：
1) 注意海报的格式。
2) 海报内容应条理分明，使读者一目了然。
3) 海报语言应清晰、简练、重点突出，尽量使用省略句，力求简洁生动。
4) 版面要新颖、美观，可采用不同的字体和颜色，还可以插图，形式活泼多样。
3. 海报通常包括标题、正文和结尾三个部分。
1) 标题介绍主要信息。
2) 正文提供更多有关的信息，并提供选择或推荐的理由。
3) 结尾总结海报内容。
4. 语言积累
organic food in eco-friendly packaging
environmental benefits of eating organic foods
Vitamins, minerals
completely natural, whole nutrition
no artificial colors & preservatives
promote efficient digestion
5. 学以致用
请写一份海报，劝说别人购买绿色蔬菜。海报应包含以下内容：
题目: 来这儿买最好的蔬菜！
理由: 价格合理; 新鲜; 富含维生素; 安全;
远离化肥; 在远离工业区的地方种植。
结论: 有机种植方式培育的绿色食品, 有益于身体健康。
6. 参考范文
Buy the best vegetables here!
Have you had any organic vegetables? They are healthy and green. Please come here and have a taste. Organic vegetables are on sale.
Good reasons to buy:
◆reasonable price
◆fresh
◆rich in vitamins
◆safe
◆free of fertilizer
◆grow away from industrial areas
Grown by organic farming methods, the vegetables here have all the advantages of “green food”, which of course can help you to keep healthy.
Step Ⅳ Homework
Now you work for a green food company.
Your boss asks you to design a poster for advertising the safety and importance of eating “green food”.
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