中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冲刺2020年江苏高考英语——(单项填空)解题方法指导
写在前面的话
作为语法知识考查形式的单项填空题是高考英语试卷的第二道大题，我们如果能轻松拿下，势必就能带着一份轻松的心情向后面的试题进发；不过，恕笔者直言，如果我们在这道大题上卡壳了，那么导致的后果就是直接影响后面各题的正常发挥。所以，掌握单项填空题的解题方法对我们考生来说就显得十分重要。
1.抓住关键信息，联系上下语境
一定要细心读完整题，抓住关键信息所给的提示，联系上下文的语境，弄清题目的意图，找出解决问题的突破口。
①Carbon dioxide, which makes a _______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier
②—Has your father returned from Africa yet?
—Yes, but he _______ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be
③In order to enhance market competitiveness, we welcome any comments from consumers, favourable or _______.
A. rather B. regardless C. otherwise D. though
2.重视语言环境，排除思维定势
语法规则定势；固定短语搭配定势；母语思维定势等都会影响学生的选择。要注意平时学习中常出现的错误；尤其要注意不受本族语的影响，重视语言差异。绝对不可用中文的思维模式来解决英语的有关问题，尤其是以对话形式出现的试题中。
①Mr. Smith suggested the problem worth paying attention _______ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. being discussed D. be discussed
②Nowadays, more and more young ladies, _______ figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.
A. of whose B. whose C. who D. of whom
③There is a gas station around _______ you can get your car filled up.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
3.善于改变句式，尽量化繁为简
解题时不妨将疑问句变成陈述句、将省略句补完整、将被动句式变成主动句式、将复合句变成简单句、强调句变成一般句式或将插入语成分剔除，抓住句子的主干成分。这样解题的难度就降低了。
Was it _______ the product on CCTV that made the company the focus of the country then?
A. advertised B. having advertised C. advertise D. advertising
4.注重固定搭配，善于还原短语
善于将试题中被肢解的短语进行整合搭配，还短语的本来面目。
①In my opinion, it is the best use that could be _______ of our money.
A. put B. taken C. spent D. made
②The great pianist performed in the centre of stage, _______ command the keys were producing wonderful tunes.
A. at whom B. at whose C. in whom D. in whose
5.弄清句子结构，确定选择方向
句子中所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度
上都会干扰解题的思路。
①You’d better leave out anything, when writing your resume, _______ is thought unnecessary or misleading.
A. that B. what C. which D. it
②________ to alcohol, whether for an adult or for a teenager, is definitely harmful from all aspects.
A. Exposed B. Being exposed C. Exposing D. To expose
③We really enjoyed Disneyland. We took all the rides, some of _______ twice. I felt just like a kid again.
A. which B. that C. it D. them
④I set off at five for the station. It was too early _______ anyone in the street.
A. for there wasn’t B. for there to be C. for there being D. to have
⑤—How is the test that you took yesterday?
—Unfortunately, not even one of the hundred students who took the test _______ passed.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
6.甄别从句性质，健全句子结构
当考查名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以健全句子结构。
①After months of a frustrating voyage on the rough sea, they eventually came to _______ they called their “dream land”.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
②She wants to have an occupation _______ her management skills can be put to good use.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
7.克服母语干扰，注意习惯用法
对于情景交际和谚语题，考生要克服母语干扰，所填答案要符合英文表达的习惯且要符合逻辑。
①—Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
_______, but your room price doesn’t cover it.
A. No hurry B. No wonder C. No offence D. No problem
②—What a mess! You’re always throwing things about.
—Don’t be _______, Mum. I will tidy it up now.
A. hot under the collar B. on cloud nine
C. off the top of your head D. down in the dumps
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冲刺2020年江苏高考英语——(单项填空)解题方法指导
写在前面的话
作为语法知识考查形式的单项填空题是高考英语试卷的第二道大题，我们如果能轻松拿下，势必就能带着一份轻松的心情向后面的试题进发；不过，恕笔者直言，如果我们在这道大题上卡壳了，那么导致的后果就是直接影响后面各题的正常发挥。所以，掌握单项填空题的解题方法对我们考生来说就显得十分重要。
1.抓住关键信息，联系上下语境
一定要细心读完整题，抓住关键信息所给的提示，联系上下文的语境，弄清题目的意图，找出解决问题的突破口。
①Carbon dioxide, which makes a _______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier
【答案】D
【解析】关键信息词：Carbon dioxide二氧化碳，根据常识可知这儿要选意义为“屏障、障碍”的词。句意：二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间形成了一个屏障，它可以防止热量轻易地从大气中散出，因此地球变得越来越热。
②—Has your father returned from Africa yet?
—Yes, but he _______ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be
【答案】A
【解析】关键信息：before his company sent him to Australia在他的公司派他去澳大利亚之前，这个事情发生在过去，故含有空格处的上文也是讲的过去，要用一般过去时。
③In order to enhance market competitiveness, we welcome any comments from consumers, favourable or _______.
A. rather B. regardless C. otherwise D. though
【答案】C
【解析】关键信息词：favourable, or, or otherwise表示“或其反面”，与前面的favorable相反，言下之意是好的或者不好的评论都可以，故C项正确。rather宁愿；regardless不顾；though然而。句意：为加强市场竞争力，我们欢迎消费者提出任何正面或负面的意见。
2.重视语言环境，排除思维定势
语法规则定势；固定短语搭配定势；母语思维定势等都会影响学生的选择。要注意平时学习中常出现的错误；尤其要注意不受本族语的影响，重视语言差异。绝对不可用中文的思维模式来解决英语的有关问题，尤其是以对话形式出现的试题中。
①Mr. Smith suggested the problem worth paying attention _______ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. being discussed D. be discussed
【答案】A
【解析】容易误选B。worth paying attention to作the problem的定语。be discussed=should be discussed。句意：史密斯先生建议这个值得注意的问题应该在会上进行讨论。
②Nowadays, more and more young ladies, _______ figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.
A. of whose B. whose C. who D. of whom
【答案】A
【解析】容易误选B。of most whose figures=most of whose figures。句意：如今，越来越多的年轻女性开始节食，而她们中的大多数人的身材都很好。
③There is a gas station around _______ you can get your car filled up.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
【答案】A
【解析】容易误选B。如果选B= There is a gas station and around it you get your car filled up(有一个加油站，在其附近你可以把车加满油)，显然不符合逻辑。句意：附近有一个加油站，你可以在那里把车加满油。
3.善于改变句式，尽量化繁为简
解题时不妨将疑问句变成陈述句、将省略句补完整、将被动句式变成主动句式、将复合句变成简单句、强调句变成一般句式或将插入语成分剔除，抓住句子的主干成分。这样解题的难度就降低了。
Was it _______ the product on CCTV that made the company the focus of the country then?
A. advertised B. having advertised C. advertise D. advertising
【答案】D
【解析】对疑问句：Did advertising the product on CCTV make the company the focus of the country then?进行强调。句意：当时是不是在中央电视台上做广告使公司成为全国的焦点？
4.注重固定搭配，善于还原短语
善于将试题中被肢解的短语进行整合搭配，还短语的本来面目。
①In my opinion, it is the best use that could be _______ of our money.
A. put B. taken C. spent D. made
【答案】D
【解析】还原：In my opinion, we could the best use of our money.句意：在我看来，可以得到充分的利用就是我们的钱。
②The great pianist performed in the centre of stage, _______ command the keys were producing wonderful tunes.
A. at whom B. at whose C. in whom D. in whose
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这位伟大的钢琴家在舞台中央演奏，在他的指挥下，琴键走出美妙的乐曲。at sb’s command 是固定搭配，表示“在某人的指挥之下”，用whose在从句中作定语，故B项正确。
5.弄清句子结构，确定选择方向
句子中所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度
上都会干扰解题的思路。
①You’d better leave out anything, when writing your resume, _______ is thought unnecessary or misleading.
A. that B. what C. which D. it
【答案】A
【解析】去掉“when writing your resume”就能看清anything是先行词，且是限制性定语从句。句意：在写简历的时候，你最好删除任何被认为不必要或有误导性的东西。
②________ to alcohol, whether for an adult or for a teenager, is definitely harmful from all aspects.
A. Exposed B. Being exposed C. Exposing D. To expose
【答案】B
【解析】去掉“whether for an adult or for a teenager”就能看清Being exposed作主语。句意：无论是成年人还是青少年，从各个方面来说接触酒精都是有害的。
③We really enjoyed Disneyland. We took all the rides, some of _______ twice. I felt just like a kid again.
A. which B. that C. it D. them
【答案】D
【解析】分析句子结构可知，some of ______ twice 无谓语，确认不是句子，排除A项，因此时独立主格结构，此处指代 rides，故用 them。指代rides用them。独立结构。句意：我们真的很喜欢迪士尼乐园。我们玩了所有的游乐设施，其中一些还玩了两次。我感觉自己又变回孩子了。
④I set off at five for the station. It was too early _______ anyone in the street.
A. for there wasn’t B. for there to be C. for there being D. to have
【答案】B
【解析】too..to...结构。there to be为不定式。there being为现在分词或动名词形式。句意：我五点就出发去了车站。时间还太早，街上还看不到有什么人。
⑤—How is the test that you took yesterday?
—Unfortunately, not even one of the hundred students who took the test _______ passed.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
【答案】A
【解析】句意：“你昨天的考试怎么样？”“不幸的是，参加考试的100名学生中没有一个通过考试。”结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是not even one，是单数第三人称形式，故答案为A。
6.甄别从句性质，健全句子结构
当考查名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以健全句子结构。
①After months of a frustrating voyage on the rough sea, they eventually came to _______ they called their “dream land”.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
【答案】B
【解析】what=a place that...。句意：经过几个月在波涛汹涌的海面上令人沮丧的航行，他们终于来到了他们称之为“梦幻之地”的地方。
②She wants to have an occupation _______ her management skills can be put to good use.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
【答案】C
【解析】考查关系副词引导的定语从句。句意：她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。此处
先行词为 an occupation，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，故用关系副词 where。此处 where 相当于 in which。
7.克服母语干扰，注意习惯用法
对于情景交际和谚语题，考生要克服母语干扰，所填答案要符合英文表达的习惯且要符合逻辑。
①—Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
_______, but your room price doesn’t cover it.
A. No hurry B. No wonder C. No offence D. No problem
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“对不起，为什么不允许我使用健身房？”“无意冒犯，但是你的房间价格不包括它。” No hurry不必着急；No wonder难怪；No offence无意冒犯；No problem没问题。由下文“你的房间价格不包括健身房”可知，前面是礼貌用语“无意冒犯”。
②—What a mess! You’re always throwing things about.
—Don’t be _______, Mum. I will tidy it up now.
A. hot under the collar B. on cloud nine
C. off the top of your head D. down in the dumps
【答案】A
【解析】句意：“真是一团糟！你总是乱扔东西。”“别发火，妈妈。我现在就把它整理好。”根据情境，母亲因为儿子乱扔东西而生气。hot under the collar发怒的；on cloud nine非常高兴；off the top of your head在你的头顶上；down in the dumps垂头丧气。
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