2020高考英语新题型—读后续写和概要写作课件20(共40张PPT)

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名称 2020高考英语新题型—读后续写和概要写作课件20(共40张PPT)
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更新时间 2020-04-01 17:35:32

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结构﹒逻辑﹒语言
—语篇秉轴持钧 概要批隙导窾
结构﹒逻辑﹒语言
—语篇秉轴持钧 概要批隙导窾
他有一个能包罗万象的心胸,
其所以这样,
不是由于他有知识,而是由于他有获得知识的能力;
他心思开朗,头脑聪敏,能够随机应变……
心思开朗
头脑聪敏
随机应变
——卢梭《爱弥儿》
结构﹒逻辑﹒语言
—语篇秉轴持钧 概要批隙导窾
该如何甄别语篇的结构?
该如何辨析语篇内部的逻辑?
该如何顺利转换语言?
结构﹒逻辑﹒语言
—语篇秉轴持钧 概要批隙导窾
选题的源起
01
1.问卷与剖析
2.专家点评
困惑的突破
02
1.结构梳理的困惑
2.逻辑分析的困惑
3.语言表达的困惑
—语篇秉轴持钧 概要批隙导窾

选题的源起
1、问卷与剖析
概要写作
1
2
把握篇章结构、中心思想
关注谋篇布局、遣词造句
新高考的高要求
01
1.把握篇章结构、中心思想
2.关注谋篇布局、遣词造句
问卷调查与原因剖析
02
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}主要问题
高三(4)班50人
占班级人数比例
1.不清楚不同体裁的文本特征
16
32%
2.难以提炼源文主旨
24
48%
3.难以梳理源文脉络
29
58%
4.无法甄别源文的主次信息
22
44%
5.源文的专业术语过多,难以理解
13
26%
6.难以简化语言
28
56%
7.不知如何用自己的语言改写
23
46%
8.难以控制字数
6
12%
9.时间不够
1
2%
语篇结构
逻辑语义
语言表达
解读语篇的懵懂
甄别信息的懵懂
语言转化的懵懂

选题的源起

选题的源起
1、问卷与剖析
概要写作
2
1
2、专家点评
(5)书写不规范,卷面不整洁。
(1)遗漏要点、要点重复、抄原文、文章缺乏连贯性和逻辑内容混乱;
(2)用词不准确,中式英语较多,如much praise, more praise,lots of praise,little/less praise,few praise,too less praise,均不可算正确;
(3)语言基本功不扎实,语法错误严重;
(4)偏向语文中概括表述方式;
语篇结构
逻辑语义
语言表达
3

选题的源起
1、问卷与剖析
概要写作
2
1
2、专家点评
(5)书写不规范,卷面不整洁。
(2)用词不准确,中式英语较多,如much praise, more praise,lots of praise,little/less praise,few praise,too less praise,均不可算正确;
(3)语言基本功不扎实,语法错误严重;
(4)偏向语文中概括表述方式;
语篇结构
逻辑语义
语言表达
3
语篇结构
逻辑语义

选题的源起
1、问卷与剖析
概要写作
2
1
2、专家点评
语篇结构
逻辑语义
语言表达
3
语篇结构
逻辑语义
语言表达

困惑的突破
突破学生结构梳理困惑——思维导图
1
语篇概念是指分析文本的主旨、体裁与结构。
构造“一方池塘”
时间
结构梳理:思维导图
1
故事概要结构图(记叙性)
地点
人物
起因
经过
结果

困惑的突破
①构建故事概要结构图
②构造“一方池塘”
三、运筹帷幄:
How
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
巧用叙事性文体
时间
地点
人物
经过
结果
成就
主旨
性格
起因
Charles Dickens
Born in 1812
66 novels published in Britain
理清文章主线
思考文章主题
探索作者意图
自主学习能力
议论性文体
结构梳理:思维导图
1
故事概要结构图
文章中心思想和细节结构图
Main idea
Supporting details

困惑的突破
论点
论证
结论
结构梳理:思维导图
1
故事概要结构图
构造“一束火焰”
文章中心思想和细节结构图

困惑的突破
论点
论证
结论
Clothes
feelings
cognitive
performance
test
more experiments
读前:方向、目标
读时:反思、进步
读后:总结、评价
自主学习能力
结构梳理:思维导图
1
因果关系结构图
说明性文体
解决问题

困惑的突破
故事概要结构图
文章中心思想和细节结构图
分析问题
提出问题

困惑的突破
结构梳理:思维导图
1
推开“一扇大门”
因果关系结构图
故事概要结构图
文章中心思想和细节结构图
提出问题
分析问题
解决问题
观察、捕捉中提取
梳理、分析中共鸣
抒发、思考中提高
自主学习能力
结构梳理:思维导图
1
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
2
语篇分析指从理解语篇入手,分析句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间的衔接方式,逻辑思维的连贯方式及语言形式方面的内在联系(杜锐,2019)。

困惑的突破
结构梳理:思维导图
1
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
2

困惑的突破
逻辑语义(logico-semantic)关系
投射关系
扩展关系
详述(elaboration)
延伸(extension)
增强(enhancement)
Halliday(1994)
三、运筹帷幄:
How
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
突破学生逻辑分析困惑
2
逻辑语义(logico-semantic)关系
投射关系
扩展关系
详述(elaboration)
延伸(extension)
增强(enhancement)
Halliday(1994)
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}逻辑语义关系
分类
要点信息
备注
详述:
换一种方式
重述、解释、 例证
并列详述:
重述:in other words, that is, to be precise, namely
解释:in fact,in practice, actually, indeed, at least
例证:for example, in particular, such as
主从详述: 描述性注解
冗余点
被详述:
主要点
延伸:
增加新成分,指出例外,或其他选择
并列延伸:
添加“and,nor,but,next”
变化“instead,except,on the contrary, not…but”
选择“or, either…or, neither…nor, both…and”
主从延伸:
whereas, while, except that,besides, apart from, without
主要点/次要点
被延伸:
主要点
增强:
通过时间、地点、因果、目的、方式、条件等限制
并列增强:
so, for, and then, and there
主从增强:
as, while, since, before, after
次要点
被增强:
主要点
三、运筹帷幄:
How
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
突破学生逻辑分析困惑
2
逻辑语义(logico-semantic)关系
投射关系
扩展关系
详述(elaboration)
延伸(extension)
增强(enhancement)
Halliday(1994)
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}逻辑语义关系
分类
要点信息
备注
详述:
换一种方式
重述、解释、 例证
并列详述:
重述:in other words, that is, to be precise, namely
解释:in fact,in practice, actually, indeed, at least
例证:for example, in particular, such as
主从详述: 描述性注解
冗余点
被详述:
主要点
延伸:
增加新成分,指出例外,或其他选择
并列延伸:
添加“and,nor,but,next”
变化“instead,except,on the contrary, not…but”
选择“or, either…or, neither…nor, both…and”
主从延伸:
whereas, while, except that,besides, apart from, without
主要点/次要点
被延伸:
主要点
增强:
通过时间、地点、因果、目的、方式、条
并列增强:
so, for, and then, and there
主从增强:
as, while, since, before, after
次要点
被增强:
主要点
重述、解释、例子或引语
详述
添加、变化、选择
延伸
原因、条件、方式、时间等
增强
结构梳理:思维导图
1
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
2
解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题

困惑的突破
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
突破学生逻辑分析困惑
2
解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题

困惑的突破
结构梳理:思维导图
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
1
2
解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题
逻辑思维能力

困惑的突破
剖析源文
判断要点
分析小句关系
判断段落关键
①Parents everywhere praise their kids.
②Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, "We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict."
③By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite.
④Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.
详述
详述
详述
延伸
被详述
被延伸
增强
现象
引语
原因
结果
被增强


三、运筹帷幄:
How
①Still, don't go too far in the other direction.
②Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.
③Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
详述
增强
被增强
过渡
结果
原因


三、运筹帷幄:
How
①So what is the right amount of praise?
②Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.
③If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward.
④" We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, "says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters.
⑤“One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.”
详述
增强
被增强
详述
过渡
观点
条件
引语
解释
详述


三、运筹帷幄:
How
①Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team.
②But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.
③Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report.
④But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的)to the amount of effort your child has put into it.
被详述
例子
例子
例子
详述
详述
详述
总结
延伸
被延伸

解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题
逻辑思维能力
剖析源文
判断要点
分析小句关系
判断段落关键
结构梳理:思维导图
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
1
2

困惑的突破
解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题
剖析源文
判断要点
分析小句关系
判断段落关键
灵活替换词汇
巧用高级句型
运用关联过渡
着眼整体诠释要点

困惑的突破
结构梳理:思维导图
逻辑分析:逻辑语义关系
1
2
语言表达:换说练习
3
三、运筹帷幄:
How
{8A107856-5554-42FB-B03E-39F5DBC370BA}?
?关键词
?释义能力的培养
Para. 1
Bad effects
of too much
praise
Think …build confidence
Too much praise
Backfire…afraid to...fear of
?
Para. 2
Bad effects
of not enough
praise
Not enough praise
As damaging as
See no point in trying hard
?
Para. 3
Focus on
______of praise
(say) The quality is more important than the quantity
Focus on the effort not the outcome
?
Para. 4
________________ praise
On a case-by-case basis
Be proportionate to the amount
?
excessive, considerable
compliment, approval
counterproductive
account for, contribute to, owing to
/consequently/result from, arise from
Insufficient, inadequate, deficient
equally
impair/ weaken/ harm motivation
Exert a bad influence on
claim, argue, state, affirm
endeavor, exertion
not…but, instead of, rather than, put emphasis on
case-based, task-specific,
on individual case
correspond to, in accordance with, be equal to, in proportion to, in line with
1.灵活替换词汇
概括用词
近/反义词
变化词性
适当形式填空
替换划线词
英英释义
三、运筹帷幄:
How
{21E4AEA4-8DFA-4A89-87EB-49C32662AFE0}
excessive, considerable
counterproductive
account for, contribute to, owing to/consequently/result from, arise from
compliment, approval
Insufficient, inadequate, deficient
Equally damaging
impair/ weaken/ harm motivation/exert a bad influence on
claim, argue, state
endeavor, exertion
not…but, instead of, rather than, put emphasis on
case-based, task-specific,on individual case
correspond to, in accordance with, be equal to, in proportion to, in line with
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
1.灵活替换词汇
2.巧用高级句型
Parents’ excessive praise, though intended to build confidence, tends to cause emotionally bad effects.
Confidence as the praise can increase, parents always praise their kids excessively, which turns out just the opposite.
Insufficient praise is equally damaging to weaken children’s motivation.
What matters here isn’t quantity but quality; which means praise should reflect a child’s effort rather than the product.
Emphasis should be put on the quality not the outcome.
Children in great effort deserve parents’ praise corresponding to the specific case.
Inadequate praise also exerts bad influence on children.
让步状语从句、倒装句
主被动转化
变换主语
分词结构
名词性从句
定语从句
固定句式
仿句练习
三、运筹帷幄:
How
{21E4AEA4-8DFA-4A89-87EB-49C32662AFE0}
excessive, considerable
counterproductive
account for, contribute to, owing to/consequently/result from, arise from
compliment, approval
Insufficient, inadequate, deficient
equally
impair/ weaken/ harm motivation
claim, argue, state
endeavor, exertion
not…but, instead of, rather than, put emphasis on
case-based, task-specific,on individual case
correspond to, in accordance with, be equal to, in proportion to, in line with
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
1.灵活替换词汇
2.巧用高级句型
Parents’ excessive praise, though intended to build confidence, tends to cause emotionally bad effects.
Confidence as the praise can increase, parents always praise their kids excessively, which turns out just the opposite.
Insufficient praise is equally damaging to weaken children’s motivation.
What matters here isn’t quantity but quality; which means praise should reflect a child’s effort rather than the product.
Emphasis should be put on the quality not the outcome.
Children in great effort deserve parents’ praise corresponding to the specific case.
Inadequate praise also exerts bad influence on children.
3.运用关联过渡
Still
So
Likewise
However
Conversely
Hence
Therefore
Accordingly
Additionally
Besides
并列关系
and/or, another, meanwhile, not only…but also, as well as
递进关系:
what’s more, moreover, in addition, worse still
转折关系:
but, however, yet, while, nevertheless, on the contrary
让步关系:
though, although, despite, in spite of, regardless of
三、运筹帷幄:
How
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
突破学生逻辑分析困惑
2
解读源文
把握结构
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题
剖析源文
判断要点
分析小句关系
判断段落关键
灵活替换词汇
巧用高级句型
运用关联过渡
着眼整体诠释要点
突破学生语言表达困惑
3
合理自我评估
概要写作评分量表
忠实
源文度
﹒覆盖要点
﹒主次分明
﹒无添加
﹒不改动
语言
准确度
﹒拼写无误
﹒避免错误
﹒语言流畅
衔接
连贯度
﹒结构清晰
﹒衔接自然
﹒语言精炼
写作
规范度
﹒标点准确
﹒卷面整洁
﹒语言清晰
﹒语言规范
语言
复杂度
﹒从句灵活
﹒句式多样
﹒词汇丰富
三、运筹帷幄:
How
识别源文体裁
梳理框架结构
归纳源文主题
分析小句关系
判断段落关键
灵活替换词汇
巧用高级句型
运用关联过渡
着眼整体诠释要点
合理自我评估
大局控制能力
信息浓缩能力
创新表达能力
语言表达
自主学习能力
剖析源文
判断要点
解读源文
把握结构
逻辑思维能力
创新思维能力
逻辑语义
语篇结构
他拥有获得知识的能力:开阔的心胸,聪明睿智,随机应变;现在,正如蒙田所说的那样,他虽然不是一个学识渊博的人,但至少是一个善于学习的人!

——卢梭《爱弥儿》
Logico-semantic relation
The clock doesn’t go. To be precise, it’s not working.
(2) Parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, in fact, it may be just the opposite.
(3) We used to have races—we used to have relays.
(4) They decided to cancel the show, which upset everybody alike.
详述:重述
被详述
详述:解释
被详述
详述:例证
被详述
详述:主从
被详述
TIP (1) Mark words may not exist.
TIP (2) The logico-semantic relation exists in or between sentences.
重述、解释、例子或引语
冗余点
详述
Logico-semantic relation
(1) I do the housework, and my husband cook the meal.
(2) They did a good job, except Tom made a small mistake.
(3) Either you go and take the plunge or you wait till you think you can afford it, which you never will.
延伸:添加
被延伸
延伸:变化
被延伸
延伸:选择
被延伸
添加、变化、选择
主要点/
次要点
延伸
Logico-semantic relation
Because Tom watched too much TV last night, he hasn’t finished his homework yet.
(2) When he had come close to it, he saw it was his sister.
TIP (3) The order of the logico-semantic relation is not fixed.
增强:原因
被增强
增强:时间
被增强
因果、条件、方式、时间等
次要点
增强
三、运筹帷幄:
How
突破学生结构梳理困惑
1
突破学生逻辑分析困惑
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}逻辑语义关系
分类
要点信息
备注
详述:
换一种方式
重述、解释、 例证
主从详述: 描述性注解
冗余点
被详述:
主要点
主要点/次要点
被延伸:
主要点
次要点
被增强:
主要点
重述、解释、例子或引语
详述
添加、变化、选择
延伸
原因、条件、方式、时间等
增强