高三英语语法专题复习三：动词及动词短语（共32页PPT）

(共32张PPT)
高三英语语法复习
专题复习三：动词及动词短语
导语
名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词以及它们的短语是各地高考
中的热点，其中以动词和动词短语为最。这些虽属语法范畴，但
又似乎没有多少规律可循，可谓是零零碎碎，林林总总。因此我
们更应该把这些知识放到平时学习复习中去，通过课文复习来整
理、归纳和比较，以求达到巩固基础，灵活运用的目的。此处只
是借助一些平时的试题尝试着归纳分析一下我们在复习过程中应
侧重些什么，注意些什么。
知识梳理
一、系动词的比较和一些特殊用法
二、及物和不及物动词放在被动态和从句中的考核
三、易混淆动词区别
四、主动词相同，小品词不同的短语归纳
五、小品词相同，主动词不同的短语归纳
知识梳理
一、系动词的比较和一些特殊用法
除了be动词外， 常见的系动词还有以下几类。
1. 感官类(look、sound、smell、taste、feel)
这些词还可以与like连用 (look/sound/smell/taste/feel like...)
① It _____________ a good idea to go for a picnic this Sunday afternoon.
② At last, I.M. Pei’s design of the entrance to the Paris’ Louvre Museum
won the public over. They thought it _____________ a huge diamond.
③ Let it go, he thought. He didn't _____________arguing.

feel like 除了表示“摸起来像...”以外，还可以表示“想要...”
—feel like (doing) sth.
sounds like
looked like
feel like
知识梳理
2. 表象类(appear、look、seem)
(1)从词义上看：________ 指视觉印象；_______ 指外表给人的印象, 极
有可能是假象；________指根据多种迹象作出的推断。
① It looks as if it is going to rain.
② He appears to be in his late forties, but in fact he is only 25.
③ You seem quite happy. Do you have any good news to share?

look
appear
seem
(2)从常见的句型搭配和用法上看
知识梳理
( to be) to do like It...as if It...that
look
appear
seem
√
√
√
√
√
×
① That man appears/ seems to have travelled a lot.

√
√
×
② He looks/seems like a fool, letting out all the secrets in public.
√
√
√
√
√
×
③ It appears /seems that he is ill.＝He appears/seems (to be) ill.

④ _______ seems to be fierce competition among the graduates.
⑤ _______seems to be fierce competition does exit among the graduates.

There
What
知识梳理
3. 变化类(become 、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、 make 、 come 、 go 、fall)
(1)get 可以表示时间 It’s getting late.
(2)turn表示颜色，性质。
(3)go 常表示有好向坏的转变，后跟hungry, mad, bad…
(6)fall 跟ill, asleep 突然，最终进入某状态 fall asleep/ill
注意get+done表被动. (get paid/married/changed...)
turn表示职业(turn writer); 年龄(turn fifty)
注意go undone用法 (go unnoticed/unpunished/unchallenged...)
(4)make 可表示适合成为；等于... – She can make an excellent teacher.
(5)come 常见于搭配 come true
知识梳理
4. 保持类(remain 、 keep 、 stay 、hold、 stand 、 lie)
(1) remain good friends/seated/standing (仍然，依然保持)
keep fresh/healthy/fit/calm (设法保持某种状态)
stay young/foolish/hungry
hold true
(2)stand/lie 也可以表示保持某种状态或局面：stand still/ready; lie awake...
① The book lay open on his desk.
② These machines have lain idle there. What a waste!
③ The house stood empty for a long time.
知识梳理
5. 终止类—prove
The story proved (to be) true at last.
注意：1.许多系动词也是实意行为动词，意思有差别。
2. 系动词无被动态，也不习惯用进行时态。
知识梳理
二、及物和不及物动词放在被动态和从句中考核
1. 在主动表示被动的语法中某些及物动词似乎用作了不及物
① The ticket sells well.
② The pen writes smoothly.
③ He is to blame for the accident.
④ The special effects are amazing to watch.

知识梳理
2. 在从句中的考核
① It’s strongly advised that smokers not be allowed to smoke in any room
_______ babies currently occupy .
A. where B. as C. that D. what
② Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______
they live.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
③ The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,
______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A. whom B. who C. what D. which
④ This is the point ____________ I disagree.
This is the point ____________I won’t accept.

(1) 在定语从句中
where
(which/that)
知识梳理
① -- The rent of our flat will see a 20% rise this year?
-- Yes. That’s _______ I have compromised with the flat owner.
A. what B. where C. that D. when
② We must be in a place of peace and faith, so internal conflict and
disbelief do not hold back _______ it is possible for us to achieve.
A. how B. what C. why D. where
③ Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t
know ________ it can lead.
A. how B. where C. what D. whether
④ This is ____________ I disagree.
This is ____________I won’t accept.

(2) 在名词性从句中
where
what
知识梳理
① Memories from childhood stay with us forever, taking us _______ we
have been and will go.
A. what B. how C. where D. that
② In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _______ it is discovered,
will create many economic possibilities around the world.
A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever
③ They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year,
_________ they might have.
A. however difficult B. how difficult
C. whatever difficulty D. what difficult

(3) 在状语从句中
知识梳理
三、易混淆动词区别
1. 意近动词区别
① award / reward (两者皆可做动词或名词)
A. 语法不同点：
award sb. sth.= award sth. to sb.
=sb. be awarded sth.= sth. be awarded to sb
reward sb. with sth. = sb. be rewarded with sth.
2. 用法不同点：
award 比较正式，多强调考核性，成就性的奖励，常指金钱奖品；
也可以表示判决性的赔偿。
reward 可表示报答性，回报性；酬劳性的酬谢；也可以用于对某行为的
激励、鼓舞性的奖励, 可以是非金钱的。
● He _________ us with a lot of money for helping him.
● He was _________ damages of $500.
● She started singing to the baby and was ________ with a smile.
● The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n) _______.
● Our patience was finally ___________.
● He was _________ the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design．
● We will offer a(n) __________of ten thousand dollars for information about the case．
● They ____________ scholarship to the best students.
rewarded
awarded
rewarded
award
rewarded
awarded
reward
awarded
用 award/reward 的正确形式填空：
知识梳理
知识梳理
② respond / react/ reflect
respond 意为 “有意识的，主动的回应，回答(互动)”
react 意为 “下意识，直接的，应激的反应，反射行为”
reflect 意为 “反映，映射，反射，反思”
用 respond/react/reflect 的正确形式填空：
●A good teacher can _______to the needs of every student when teaching.
●When dealing with a conflict between your friends, you need time to
_______ before you make a quick decision.
●There'd be no telling how John would _______ on hearing such news.
●Someone allergic to milk is likely to ________ badly to cheese.
●The screen is sensitive and can _________ well to slight touch.




respond
reflect
react
react
respond
知识梳理
2. 形近动词区别
① devote/ donate
devote 表示投入，专注于...
donate 表示捐献出去
Dear Su Hua,
I need your help. In last week’s oral English Competition, I was asked this question,
“If you are asked to donate an hour every day, what would you do and why?” I just
replied that I would use the hour to relax myself as we have been working very hard
in school and that I would also use the hour to learn to play the piano as it has been
my childhood dream. However, the judges commented that my answer to the question
was not to the point. As a result, I didn’t get the award as expected.
Can you tell me why my answer was not to the point? How will you answer this
question?
Look forward to hearing from you.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
知识梳理
② subscribe/substitute
subscribe 意为 “订阅，订购(杂志或报纸)；同意，赞成；定期向...捐助”
subscribe to
substitute 意为 “替代，代替”
A substitute for B
substitute A for B
substitute B with A
知识梳理
① How could you _______ such a fantastic job when you have been out of
work for months?
A. turn off B. turn in C. turn down D. turn to
② Terry, please _______ your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
A. look up from B. look into C. look back on D. look through
③ My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has________.
A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off
④ At the last moment, Tom decided to________ a new character to make
the story seem more likely.
A. put up B. put in C. put on D. put off

四、主动词相同，小品词不同的短语归纳
知识梳理
把左侧的英语短语和右侧的中文正确连线：
break down
break in
break off
break out
break through
break up

闯入；插嘴
(战争，疾病，火灾等的)爆发
折断；中断；断绝；
分解(vt) ; 出故障(vi)
解散，放假； （婚姻，友谊等）破裂，分手； 解体
突破


知识梳理
把左侧的英语短语和右侧的中文正确连线：
bring about
bring back
bring in
bring on
bring out
bring up
把…带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
引进；赚到
引起；造成
养育；呕吐；提出
使发展进步；导致
使表现出；阐明；使出版
call, come, cut, get, give, go, hang, hold, look, make, pay, pull, put, set,
take, turn...
bring up 可以联想对比 build up 等
知识梳理
① Team leaders must ensure that all members _____their natural desire to
avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.
A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over
② Mother always complains that children ______their shoes very quickly.
A. find out B. wash out C. wear out D. set out
③ Body language can _______ a lot about your mood, so standing with
your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
A. take away B. throw away C. put away D. give away
④ Bears _______ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have
enough energy to last them through their sleep.
A. pack up B. build up C. bring up D. take up

五、小品词相同，主动词不同的短语归纳
知识梳理
功夫在平时，要背诵记忆，学会归纳整理，根据语境选出最佳答案。
① Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to
encourage themselves before they _______ on their life journey.
A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off
② While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more
likely to complicate the simple.
A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive
③ —Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see. I’ll go right away and________.
A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him off
④ A good listener takes part in the conversation, _______ ideas and
raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
A. realizing B. copying C. offering D. misunderstanding
巩固提升
填空
单选
巩固提升
一、根据语境选出相应动词的正确形式填空：
Butterflies ______ on a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees
and other insects collect. (focus, feed, carry, put)
The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was _____ out
the radio yesterday. (turn, found, give, put)
In order for us to get a better grade, our English teacher always advise
______ over the notes once a week. (get, take, go, turn)
Sam _______ up some knowledge of the computer just by watching
others working on it. (look, bring, pick, set)
5. The experiment has ______ out the possibility of the existence of any
life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
(find, point, carry, rule)

feed
given
going
picked
ruled
巩固提升
二、根据语境选出相应的小品词填空：
In much of the animal world, night is the time set ______ for sleep
—pure and simple.. (off, aside, down, up)
I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be
something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to get_________.
(through, off, along, out)
Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks breaks______ in
disasters.(in, out, through, down)
Would you like to come _______ with us to the film tonight?
(along, down, up, over)
It is reported that the police will soon look______ the case of two
missing children. on other planets. (after, upon, out, into)

aside
through
down
along
into
1. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to_______
　that someone was moving about upstairs.
A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain
2. Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending
quite a lot of time with students.
A. enjoys B. involves C. practices D. suggests
3. According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police
within two weeks of arrival.
A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register
4. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather
than _______ us.
A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon
三、单项选择:
巩固提升
5. It took him a long time to ________ the skills he needed to become a
good dancer.
A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test
6. A quick review of the successes and failures at the end of a year will
help_________ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
7. Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might _____ the
things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
8. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to　　　
________ to their greatest potential.
A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop
巩固提升
9. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's
intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
10. He did not _______ easily, but was willing to accept any constructive
advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate
11. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _______a
conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off
12. When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt　　　
________ from the world.
A. carried away B. broken down C. cut off D. brought up
巩固提升
13. Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t
___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back C. make out D. keep off
14. At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he　　　
________as she was so confident about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
15. Before leaving America she ______ much of her furniture to friends
and enjoyed letting them have the pieces they had liked.
A. picked up B. gave away C. put down D. set aside
16. Many businesses started up by college students have _______ thanks to
the comfortable climate for business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
巩固提升
17. Parents should actively urge their children to _____ the opportunity to
join sports teams.
A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to
18. Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her
as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
19. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project
which ______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
20. More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for
clean energy.
A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up
巩固提升
See you next time.
Thanks!