高中英语完形填空解题策略（一）
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高中英语完形填空解题策略(一)
思考：
完形填空难吗？
完形填空真的那么难吗？
做好完形填空，需要什么？
怎样提高完形填空？
目 录
怎么做完形填空
01
How to do a cloze test
怎么提高完形填空
02
How to improve the cloze test
人们感知事物的顺序是由整体到部分，是一个bottom-up 的过程。因此，我们做完形的正确方法是先整体后部分，从big picture 到small picture, 再从许多small pictures 到 big picture，务必先浏览全文把握大意，进一步唤醒已有的知识储备。
思考：
完形我们究竟要怎么做？
Step 1. The big picture (3 minutes)
Step 2. The small/detailed pictures (12 minutes)
Step 3. The complete picture (3 minutes)
让我们再直白一点
完形填空的解题步骤
如何把握文章大意？
1. 充分利用文章和段落的主题句
高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。
若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文或夹叙夹议，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。
Step 1. The big picture (3 minutes)
研磨首段/句
My mother has always been involved in early-childhood education. She often set the scene for children to _1__________ the joy of physical activity, getting them excited and _2__________ to learn.
Q: What do you think the mother would do if the author wanted to do some sports?
The mother would support the author.
Main idea.
experience
ready
这篇文章是什么体裁？
● I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ??36?? and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be37(anything) but a failure. ”???
36. A. bright?????? B. useless???????
C. simple????? D. hopeful
Practice:
(2013·山东卷)I used to be a very self-?centered person，but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a different person.
36．A. since B . before C．or D. unless
____________________________________
______________________________
Practice:
2. 结合选项略读全文，初步确定简单题。
先易后难，不会的空着，相信下文肯定会给你答案。
A little boy invited his mother to attend his school's first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy's 36 , she said she would go.
36. A. enjoyment B. disappointment
C. surprise D. excitement
------- Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a serve scar that 41 (covered) nearly the entire right side of her face.
回到本篇，看看这些题目简单吗？
Mum was so proud of me after I? 3 ?the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics,
3. A.?won??? B.?chose??? C.?played??? D.?watched
Since the Olympics, I have? 8 ?more than 100 schools. I talk to the kids about---
8. A.?served??? B.?attended??? C.?visited??? D.?started
As I ran by a big truck, I saw my mother? 15 ?on top of one of its huge wheels, cheering for me.
15.A.?sitting? B.?speaking ?C.?standing? D. performing
Step 2. The detailed picture(s) (12 min)
如何既快又准地找到答案？
固 定 搭 配
上 下 文
生 活 常 识
词 汇 复 现
逻 辑 关 系
词 义 辨 析
1. 固定搭配
1. experience the joy
2. ready to learn
3. win the triathlon
4. before the dust settled
7. follow the dreams
11. achieve what you believe
17. drop out
体验快乐
准备好去学习
赢得三项赛
在尘埃落地之前
追寻梦想
实现你所相信的东西
退出，退学，辍学
如何既快又准地找到答案？
2017年江苏卷
rise up 上升
come up 出现
drive up 驱车来到
turn up 出现
occur to 发生在
take to 开始从事
appeal to 吸引
hold to 坚持
……
2019年江苏卷
save sb from 拯救某人免于
have a reputation for因为---有一个名声
make it impossible for her to do sth使之对某人来说不可能
enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事
on the decline 在下降中
on the contrary 正相反
bridge the gap 搭起桥梁，弥合差距
……
固定搭配
2. 上下文——词汇复现（指代、反义词、同义词、近义词或原词）
9. living a life less________
10.The idea of never being average
ordinary
9. 10. 12. 13. 14. 16. 19. 20.
----was when I was running in the Canadian Triathlon Championships.
8
D A C A D A D D
12. My mother came to every _______.
16. I find it sad when people say their parents have never seen them___________.
game
compete
如何既快又准地找到答案？
Charlotte said she wanted to be a _________. Unfortunately, Canadian medical schools did not accept women students.
...On the way out , I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a 16 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched the giant rock and knew .... (2012年天津高考题)
16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose
doctor
Practice:
We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _kind_ to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are __2__ wrong, too. For example, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others.(2011年广东高考题)
2. A. equally B. slightly
C. clearly D.increasingly
Practice:
如何既快又准地找到答案？
2. 上下文—— 逻辑关系
解释，举例说明 like, that is, …
并列,递进 and, or, …
因果 thus, therefore, since, …
对比，转折but, however, yet, still, instead, though, although, as, even though, even if, despite, in spite of…
Logic:
Mum was so proud of me after I won the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics, but before the dust settled, she grabbed me, saying:“Now this is your _________ . Use it.” She wasn’t speaking from an economic point of view but talking about the ___________ of my being a role model, encouraging kids to follow their dreams.
importance
opportunity
When I was at the university, I completed only one semester and then decided to 17. , so I could race professionally full time. Mum was the first person I called. It was a 18._________ moment. I wasn’t sure how she would react.
17.A.?drop in??? B.?drop off??? C.?drop out??? D.?drop back
18.A.?magic??? B.?nervous??? C.?critical??? D.?serious
nervous
(Because)
drop out
Adolescents enter high school with great 50(excitement), but are soon looking forward to their 51 .
51. A. graduation B. responsibility
C. independence D. success
转折前后，态度相反
Practice:
如何既快又准地找到答案？
3. 仔仔细细辨析词义
I 51 bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.
51. A. argued B. shouted
C. begged D. sobbed
Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like what they did when we were younger. All that's 50 is the practice designed just for the purpose---
50. A. required B. inquired
C. acquired D. requested
需要 询问
获得； 要求
取得
如何既快又准地找到答案？
4. 生活常识
I smiled in 47 as the last of them hurried out of the door.
47. A. relief B. return C. vain D. control
Playing around, we were careless to release the andbrake (松了手刹). As the car began to 51 , we jumped out……..
51. A. fire B. fall. C. move. D. stop
小试身手
My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling ?? 1? , but I always knew he was??? 2? . He never criticized us, but used??? 3?? to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.”? I ? 4?? as a child I said something?? ? 5?? about somebody, and my father said, “?Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best??in?people, I would get the best??in return. From then on I’ve always tried to?follow the principle in my life and later in running my company.
1. A. biologist??? B. manager??? C. lawyer??? ? D. gardener
2.?A. strict???? B. honest???? C. special???? D. learned
3. A. praise? ? ?B. courage??? C. power???? D. warmth
4.?A. think?? ? B. imagine?? ? C. remember?? ? D. guess
5.?A. unnecessary? ?B. unkind???? C. unimportant?? D. unusual
C
C
A
C
B
?Dad’s also always been very? ? 6? . At 15, I started a magazine. It was?taking up a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a?? 7? ：stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.
? I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision,?? 8 any good father would.? When he realized I had made up my mind,? he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad?persuaded me to go into law.? And I’ve?always regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist,?? 9? I didn’t pursue my?? 10? . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.”
6.?A. understanding?? B. experienced?? C. serious?? D. demanding
7.?A. suggestion?? B. decision??? C. notice??? D. choice
8. A. and B. as C. even if D. as if
9.?A. rather??? B. but???? C. for???? D. therefore
10.?A. promise??? B. task??? ? C. belief??? D. dream
A
D
B
B
D
When I was thirteen, my family moved from Boston to Tucson, Arizona. 1 the move, my father gathered us in the living-room on a freezing January night. My sisters and I sat around the fire, not realizing that the universe would suddenly change its course. "In May, we're moving to Arizona."
2 my older sisters were sad at the loss of friends, I eagerly explored(探索) our new surroundings.
1. A. During B. Until C. Upon D. Before
2. A. If B. After C. once D．While
D
D
This new 48 (view) of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 49 an increasing interest in child?raising techniques.People today spend much time 50 the proper way to 51 children. (2008·福建)
49. A.led in B. brought in C. resulted in D. taken in
50. A.seeking B.making C.fighting D.working
51. A.nurse B. praise C.understand D. raise
C
A
D
Step 3. The complete picture (3 min)
复读全文，查漏补缺；
有理有据，不能乱猜；
对的打钩，积极暗示；
疑问选项，仔细推敲；
第一感觉，非常重要；
相信自己，已获高分。
跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意
再读全文，反复检查
结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案
瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破
完形填空的解题步骤
The big picture
The small/detailed pictures
The complete picture
Thank you！
高中英语完形填空解题策略(一)
思考：
完形填空难吗？
完形填空真的那么难吗？
做好完形填空，需要什么？
怎样提高完形填空？
目 录
怎么做完形填空
01
How to do a cloze test
怎么提高完形填空
02
How to improve the cloze test
人们感知事物的顺序是由整体到部分，是一个bottom-up 的过程。因此，我们做完形的正确方法是先整体后部分，从big picture 到small picture, 再从许多small pictures 到 big picture，务必先浏览全文把握大意，进一步唤醒已有的知识储备。
思考：
完形我们究竟要怎么做？
Step 1. The big picture (3 minutes)
Step 2. The small/detailed pictures (12 minutes)
Step 3. The complete picture (3 minutes)
让我们再直白一点
完形填空的解题步骤
如何把握文章大意？
1. 充分利用文章和段落的主题句
高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。
若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文或夹叙夹议，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。
Step 1. The big picture (3 minutes)
研磨首段/句
My mother has always been involved in early-childhood education. She often set the scene for children to _1__________ the joy of physical activity, getting them excited and _2__________ to learn.
Q: What do you think the mother would do if the author wanted to do some sports?
The mother would support the author.
Main idea.
experience
ready
这篇文章是什么体裁？
● I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ??36?? and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be37(anything) but a failure. ”???
36. A. bright?????? B. useless???????
C. simple????? D. hopeful
Practice:
(2013·山东卷)I used to be a very self-?centered person，but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a different person.
36．A. since B . before C．or D. unless
____________________________________
______________________________
Practice:
2. 结合选项略读全文，初步确定简单题。
先易后难，不会的空着，相信下文肯定会给你答案。
A little boy invited his mother to attend his school's first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy's 36 , she said she would go.
36. A. enjoyment B. disappointment
C. surprise D. excitement
------- Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a serve scar that 41 (covered) nearly the entire right side of her face.
回到本篇，看看这些题目简单吗？
Mum was so proud of me after I? 3 ?the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics,
3. A.?won??? B.?chose??? C.?played??? D.?watched
Since the Olympics, I have? 8 ?more than 100 schools. I talk to the kids about---
8. A.?served??? B.?attended??? C.?visited??? D.?started
As I ran by a big truck, I saw my mother? 15 ?on top of one of its huge wheels, cheering for me.
15.A.?sitting? B.?speaking ?C.?standing? D. performing
Step 2. The detailed picture(s) (12 min)
如何既快又准地找到答案？
固 定 搭 配
上 下 文
生 活 常 识
词 汇 复 现
逻 辑 关 系
词 义 辨 析
1. 固定搭配
1. experience the joy
2. ready to learn
3. win the triathlon
4. before the dust settled
7. follow the dreams
11. achieve what you believe
17. drop out
体验快乐
准备好去学习
赢得三项赛
在尘埃落地之前
追寻梦想
实现你所相信的东西
退出，退学，辍学
如何既快又准地找到答案？
2017年江苏卷
rise up 上升
come up 出现
drive up 驱车来到
turn up 出现
occur to 发生在
take to 开始从事
appeal to 吸引
hold to 坚持
……
2019年江苏卷
save sb from 拯救某人免于
have a reputation for因为---有一个名声
make it impossible for her to do sth使之对某人来说不可能
enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事
on the decline 在下降中
on the contrary 正相反
bridge the gap 搭起桥梁，弥合差距
……
固定搭配
2. 上下文——词汇复现（指代、反义词、同义词、近义词或原词）
9. living a life less________
10.The idea of never being average
ordinary
9. 10. 12. 13. 14. 16. 19. 20.
----was when I was running in the Canadian Triathlon Championships.
8
D A C A D A D D
12. My mother came to every _______.
16. I find it sad when people say their parents have never seen them___________.
game
compete
如何既快又准地找到答案？
Charlotte said she wanted to be a _________. Unfortunately, Canadian medical schools did not accept women students.
...On the way out , I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a 16 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched the giant rock and knew .... (2012年天津高考题)
16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose
doctor
Practice:
We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _kind_ to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are __2__ wrong, too. For example, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others.(2011年广东高考题)
2. A. equally B. slightly
C. clearly D.increasingly
Practice:
如何既快又准地找到答案？
2. 上下文—— 逻辑关系
解释，举例说明 like, that is, …
并列,递进 and, or, …
因果 thus, therefore, since, …
对比，转折but, however, yet, still, instead, though, although, as, even though, even if, despite, in spite of…
Logic:
Mum was so proud of me after I won the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics, but before the dust settled, she grabbed me, saying:“Now this is your _________ . Use it.” She wasn’t speaking from an economic point of view but talking about the ___________ of my being a role model, encouraging kids to follow their dreams.
importance
opportunity
When I was at the university, I completed only one semester and then decided to 17. , so I could race professionally full time. Mum was the first person I called. It was a 18._________ moment. I wasn’t sure how she would react.
17.A.?drop in??? B.?drop off??? C.?drop out??? D.?drop back
18.A.?magic??? B.?nervous??? C.?critical??? D.?serious
nervous
(Because)
drop out
Adolescents enter high school with great 50(excitement), but are soon looking forward to their 51 .
51. A. graduation B. responsibility
C. independence D. success
转折前后，态度相反
Practice:
如何既快又准地找到答案？
3. 仔仔细细辨析词义
I 51 bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.
51. A. argued B. shouted
C. begged D. sobbed
Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like what they did when we were younger. All that's 50 is the practice designed just for the purpose---
50. A. required B. inquired
C. acquired D. requested
需要 询问
获得； 要求
取得
如何既快又准地找到答案？
4. 生活常识
I smiled in 47 as the last of them hurried out of the door.
47. A. relief B. return C. vain D. control
Playing around, we were careless to release the andbrake (松了手刹). As the car began to 51 , we jumped out……..
51. A. fire B. fall. C. move. D. stop
小试身手
My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling ?? 1? , but I always knew he was??? 2? . He never criticized us, but used??? 3?? to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.”? I ? 4?? as a child I said something?? ? 5?? about somebody, and my father said, “?Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best??in?people, I would get the best??in return. From then on I’ve always tried to?follow the principle in my life and later in running my company.
1. A. biologist??? B. manager??? C. lawyer??? ? D. gardener
2.?A. strict???? B. honest???? C. special???? D. learned
3. A. praise? ? ?B. courage??? C. power???? D. warmth
4.?A. think?? ? B. imagine?? ? C. remember?? ? D. guess
5.?A. unnecessary? ?B. unkind???? C. unimportant?? D. unusual
C
C
A
C
B
?Dad’s also always been very? ? 6? . At 15, I started a magazine. It was?taking up a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a?? 7? ：stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.
? I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision,?? 8 any good father would.? When he realized I had made up my mind,? he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad?persuaded me to go into law.? And I’ve?always regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist,?? 9? I didn’t pursue my?? 10? . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.”
6.?A. understanding?? B. experienced?? C. serious?? D. demanding
7.?A. suggestion?? B. decision??? C. notice??? D. choice
8. A. and B. as C. even if D. as if
9.?A. rather??? B. but???? C. for???? D. therefore
10.?A. promise??? B. task??? ? C. belief??? D. dream
A
D
B
B
D
When I was thirteen, my family moved from Boston to Tucson, Arizona. 1 the move, my father gathered us in the living-room on a freezing January night. My sisters and I sat around the fire, not realizing that the universe would suddenly change its course. "In May, we're moving to Arizona."
2 my older sisters were sad at the loss of friends, I eagerly explored(探索) our new surroundings.
1. A. During B. Until C. Upon D. Before
2. A. If B. After C. once D．While
D
D
This new 48 (view) of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 49 an increasing interest in child?raising techniques.People today spend much time 50 the proper way to 51 children. (2008·福建)
49. A.led in B. brought in C. resulted in D. taken in
50. A.seeking B.making C.fighting D.working
51. A.nurse B. praise C.understand D. raise
C
A
D
Step 3. The complete picture (3 min)
复读全文，查漏补缺；
有理有据，不能乱猜；
对的打钩，积极暗示；
疑问选项，仔细推敲；
第一感觉，非常重要；
相信自己，已获高分。
跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意
再读全文，反复检查
结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案
瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破
完形填空的解题步骤
The big picture
The small/detailed pictures
The complete picture
Thank you！