(共45张PPT)
Part 11
Extracurricular Reading
A. define the secret of success
B. attract readers’ curiosity to read
on
C. ask the readers for solutions
D. persuade the readers to believe in the argument
1. The purpose of the first paragraph is to _______.
PASSAGE 1
B 写作意图题。作者通过一系列的问题开篇，目的在于引起读者对这些问题的思考，从而产生阅读本文的兴趣。选项A “define”是“下定义”的意思，第一段并没有解释、说明“秘密”这个概念，因此不能选A。
A. a life without problems depends on one’s attitude
B. every living person has his own troubles
C. every one will experience success and failure
D. problems will be solved as time goes by
2. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably means that ____ .
B 细节理解题。该句话的意思是：没有烦恼的人生只能是一种幻想——是沙漠中的海市蜃楼，因此选项B 最贴切。
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the solutions to a financial setback?
A. Unwisely ending one’s life will lead to
greater problems.
B. To face the problem positively calls for
courage.
C. One’s positive reaction to the problem
makes the solution better.
D. Drowning oneself in wine is more than a
temporary solution.
D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后1句可得知（借酒消愁，沉溺毒品，自杀）这些消极应对方式只会让问题更为棘手，只是迫在眉睫的问题的临时的 (temporary) 解决方法。选项D意思刚好与此意相反。“more than a temporary solution” 意思是“不仅仅是一个临时性的解决方法”。
A. contributions of positive reactions to success
B. ways to deal with life problems
C. positive reactions to financial setbacks
D. effects on negative reactions
4. The passage is mainly about ____.
A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和第二段第1、
2句以及最后一段，得知坚韧的人成功的秘密就
在于乐观面对挫折，全文围绕此中心逐步展开论述；本文不是强调处理生活问题的方法(ways)，因此选项B不符合全文重点，不具体；选项C、D仅是文章提及的部分内容，不是全文主旨。
［难句理解］ When you control your reaction to the seemingly uncontrollable problem of life, then in fact you do control the problem’s effect on you.
结构分析：when引导的状语从句中，使用形容词uncontrollable修饰名词词组problem of life，并使用副词seemingly进一步修饰形容词uncontrollable，该状语从句的主句使用助动词do强调动词control，以加强语气。
汉语大意：当面对似乎不可操控的人生问题时，你控制住了自己的反应，事实上，你就已经抑制住了该问题对你的影响。
enable sb. to do 使某人能够做某事
resolve vt. 解决
financial adj. 经济的
in the final analysis 总之
solution n. 解决措施
permanent adj. 永恒的
助读强化
本文介绍了世界上最成功的人所具有的共同点。
1. D 根据该段小标题“Busy”和下文他们每周都工作65个小时可知，他们会一直工作，不浪费时间，故选D。
2. A 根据上句“对大多数事情说不才能给他们时间取得很多”和下文“并且专心意味着对很多分神的事情说不”可知，成就需要专心，故选A。
PASSAGE 2
3. E 根据本段小标题“Know What You Are”及前句“Instead, focus on-and build on-your strengths.”可知 ，关注你的强项就意味着知道你是谁及你擅长什么，故选E。
4. G 根据该段小标题“Create Good Luck”及下文内容“更外向的，乐观的幸运的人创造可能性”可知，故选G。
5. F 选根据上文“总计，上幸运学校的80%的人说他们的运气提高了”可知，故选F。
［难句理解］
The difference between successful people and very successful people is that very successful people say “no” to almost everything.
结构分析：that引导的表语从句，that不充当成分，无意义，但不能省略。
汉语译文：成功的人和非常成功的人之间的区别是非常成功的人对几乎所有的事说“不”。
turn out (to be)证明是……
willingness n.意愿
characterize v.具有……特征，塑造性格
figure n.名人
accomplish v.完成
outgoing adj.外向的
optimistic adj.乐观的
principle n.准则
助读强化
There was once a widow who had two daughters. The bad-tempered (脾气暴燥的) widow loved the elder who was like herself both in 1 and personality, but didn’t love the other, who resembled her 2 , although she was pretty and friendly.
1. A. dresses B. looks
C. skin D. colors
2. A. daughter B. teacher
C. mother D. father
PASSAGE 3
The younger daughter had to 3 hard all day and to live upon the left-overs of her elder sister. Among her other 4 jobs, she was forced to carry 5 every day from a great distance.
3. A. complain B. play
C. work D. study
4. A. easy B. hard
C. interesting D. amazing
5. A. money B. a pot
C. a stick D. water
One day when she had just 6 her pot at the fountain, an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water. Glad to show a kindness to an old woman, she 7 .
Now, after that, there was no old trembling woman but a(an) 8 who rewarded good deeds before her.
6. A. filled B. emptied
C. bought D. taken
7. A. hesitated B. agreed
C. left D. argued
8. A. boy B. king
C. old man D. fairy
“Your face is pretty and your heart is gentle,” said she. “For your kindness, I will make you a gift. 9 you speak, from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.”
When the girl reached home, her mother 10 her for her long absence. “Pardon me for 11 away so long,” she replied. As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her lips.
9. A. Although B. By the time
C. Since D. Every time
10. A. scolded B. praised
C. rewarded D. replied
11. A. leaving B. going C. being D. running
“What is this I see, child?” asked the 12 widow.
The poor girl was so happy to be 13 child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her 14 with the old woman at the fountain.
12. A. amazed B. interested
C. astonished D. frightened
13. A. rung B. called
C. scolded D. taught
14. A. experience B. dream
C. situation D. feeling
The widow immediately 15 her favorite daughter to do as the 16 girl had done.
When the 17 girl was filling the pot with water at the 18 , a beautiful lady appeared and asked the girl for a drink of water.
15. A. made B. had C. forced D. invited
16. A. slim B. tall C. elder D. poor
17. A. polite B. stupid
C. impatient D. clever
18. A. fountain B. river
C. lake D. pool
“I have not come here to 19 you,” she 20 replied.
The lady, who was the fairy, said, “I will make you a gift to equal your rudeness. Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad(蟾蜍).”
19. A. make B. serve
C. offer D. receive
20. A. rudely B. jokingly
C. friendly D. hurriedly
本文是讲一个寡妇和两个女儿的故事。大女的外表和个性像母亲，脾气暴燥，而小女像父亲，漂亮温柔，心地善良，母亲却喜爱大女。两个女儿心地不同，结局迥异。
1. B 与personality(个性，人格)相对的应是appearance (样子，外貌)。
2. D 前半句说，老大在外表和个性上都像母亲，小的应当是像父亲(father)，因而母亲不受喜欢她。
3. C 从后文jobs来看，女孩应该是不得不整天工作(work)。
4. B 对应上文 work hard all day。
5. D 由下文中的the fountain和a drink of water可知，女孩是去打水(water)。
6. A 由后面的泉水(fountain)可知，往罐里装(fill)水。
7. B 由前文glad to show a kindness to an old woman可知，她同意(agree)给老人喝水。
8. D 前面说老太太不见了，谁出来了？由后面的said she，以及所讲内容，能让这个女孩在说话时吐出花和珠宝来的应是仙女(fairy)。
9. D 引导时间状语从句，表示“每当”，用every time。
10. A 由前文可知母亲对她不好，因她长时间没有回来(for her long absence)，应当是受到责骂(scold)。
11. C 表延续状态，用be away。
12. C 根据常识，寡妇见到从口里掉出珍珠和钻石，应该感到震惊(astonished)。
13. D 由上文 “What is this I see, child?”可知，她被母亲叫或称(call)为child。
14. A 指将她在泉水边同那位老人见面的经历(experience)告诉母亲。
15. C 由let/make/have sb. do sth.可排除选项A和B，从下文这个大女的表现来看，应是被迫去的，故选force。
16. D 与前面的favourite相对的应是 “可怜的(poor)”。
17. C 根据下文这个女儿对仙女的表现，可知她是不耐烦的(impatient)。
18. A 由上文可知，往罐里装水应是在fountain。
19. B 从下文“I will make you a gift to equal your rudeness.”可知，这个女孩是说“我不是来为你服务的(serve)”。
20. A 由“我不是来为你服务的”可知，她说话很粗鲁(rudely)，下文的rudeness也有明显的提示。
When I first met Kyle, he _____.
A. ran with a bunch of kids
B. felt very sorrowful
C. got hurt landing in the dirt
D. was tired from walking
B 细节理解题。由第2段最后1句I saw terrible sadness in his eyes可得知。
PASSAGE 4
A. I helped him pick up his book
B. I talked with him all the way home
C. I helped him punish the kids chasing him
D. I asked him to play football on weekend
2. The reason why Kyle and I become friends is all the following EXCEPT that ____.
C 细节理解题。根据第3段第5句I helped him pick up his books,…可排除A选项，第6句We talked all the way home, and I carried his books.可排除B选项, 第7句I invited him to play football on Saturday with me可排除D选项，故选C。
A. your coaches B. your teachers
C. your parents D. your friends
3. In Paragraph 4, the underline word “them” refers to _____.
D 词义猜测题。根据第4段第5句Graduation is a time…but mostly your friends. 可得知，Kyle在演讲中想感谢那些曾经帮助过他的人，但朋友是最值得感恩的人，友谊是给朋友最好的礼物。故选D。
A. To tell us a story about friendship.
B. To show us the impact of kindness.
C. To advise us to be grateful for God.
D. To help us get through the hard time.
4. What is the purpose of the passage?
B 主旨大意题。根据全文大意及最后一段第1、2句Never underestimate the power of your actions. With one small gesture you can change a person’s life.可得知，作者想告诉我们别吝于付出自己的善意，因为自己一点小小的善意可能会改变他人，故选B。
freshman n. 新生
gratitude n. 感激
tough adj. 艰苦的；困难的
unspeakable adj. 不能以言语表达的
impact vt. 影响
underestimate vt. 低估
a bunch of 一群
with disbelief 怀疑地
助读强化
文章向我们说明了如何记笔记和利用笔记。
1. D 上文提到大多数人相信为了记好笔记，你需要成为一个有条理的和高效的人，而下文却说记好笔记更多的是关于养成良好的习惯和找到一套属于自己的方法，上下文是转折关系，所以应选D。
2. B 根据主题句“要有条理”。上文提到第一件事是整理活页夹，下文提到“但是事实上你每个学期只需做一次，”可知，整理活页夹似乎是一件痛苦的事。
PASSAGE 5
3. G 根据主题句“把每一节的笔记用分隔物分开。”下文是“把每一节课的课程纲要作为第一页也是一个好主意。”可知，要填的也是一个把笔记分开的办法。
4. A 下文讲的是要把老师讲的重点知识底划线。A项意为“对关键信息底划线”。
5. E 主题句是“复习笔记”。根据下文“下课之后复习笔记是很重要的”可知，笔记经常复习才有用。
［难句分析］
Most people believe that you need to be a highly organized and efficient person in order to take good notes.
结构分析：这一个由that引导的宾语从句。
汉语译文：大多数人相信为了记好笔记，你需要成为一个有条理的和高效的人。
efficient adj.高效的
concept n.概念
relevant adj.相关的
clarify v.阐明，澄清
develop good habits 养成良好习惯
specific adj.特殊的
concept n.观念
jot down 草草记下
tendency n.倾向，趋势
highlight n.最精彩部分
助读强化
PASSAGE 6
From the time I was seven, I had a dream of
becoming member of the Students’ Union. I
always admire my school leaders for taking
responsibility for all of us. So I dreamed of
being a leader.
Years flew by, and soon I was able to take
part in the elections, hoped I would win.
a
And the reality proved it that I didn’t have a
chance. I wasn’t pretty. Girls in the school hard
knew me. I just did not have which it took to win
a school election. I was upset.
As I cried in my room that evening, I suddenly
took a deeply breath and decided I wouldn’t
stop dreaming. I decided that I would enter for
elections again in his final year at school and
that I will win the election.
短文讲述了作者童年梦想成为学生会的一员，并展望自己在毕业之际赢得选举的故事。
1. 在becoming后加a 表示“……成员之一”用a member of。
2. admire→ admired 因开篇讲述作者过去的事情，故本句动词时态应为过去。
3. hoped→ hoping 分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语部分为was able to take part in…，且前后没有连词故为非谓语，hope与句子的主语I存在主动关系，故用现在分词。
4. And→ But 句子前后是转折关系。
5. 去掉proved后的it 事实证明prove that…。
6. hard→ hardly 此处表达学校里的女生们几乎不知道我，故改为hardly。
7. which→ what 分析句子结构可知，该句子为宾语从句且宾语从句在句中作宾语。
8. deeply→ deep 形容词修饰名词，且take a deep breath为固定短语，意为“深呼吸”。
9. his→ my/the 此处指作者在学校的最后一年，与他没关系。
10. will→ would 连词and前后句子时态应保持一致，故改为would。
dream of 梦想
admire v.羡慕
take part in 参加
win the election 赢得选举
upset adj.沮丧的
take a deep breath 深呼吸
助读强化
PASSAGE 7
Jack joined in the army after middle school. He
did quite well in everything besides shooting, One
day the new soldiers were practiced shooting, and
all of them were doing quite well except Jack.
After he had shot at the target nine times and
had not hit once, the officer shouted at him,
“You’re quite hopeful. Don’t waste your last
bullet! Go behind that wall and shoot yourself
with it!”
Jack went behind the wall, and a few seconds late
the sound of a shot was heard by the officer and
the other soldier. “Heavens!” the officer said “Has
that silly man real done so?” He ran behind the
wall anxiously, and Jack was all right.” I’m sorry’
“Jack said,” but I miss again.”
1. in删掉 参军用join the army，join sth成为其中一员；join in 表示参加活动。
2. besides→ except 因except后的宾语是被排除在外的，此处表示“除了射击，所有的事情他都做得好”。besides表示“除……之外（还有）”。
3. practiced→ practicing 根据句意新士兵正在练习射击，be doing 正在做某事。
4. hit后加 it hit是及物动词，意思是枪击，其宾语应是前面提到的target，故加上it。
5. hopeful→ hopeless 根据句意射不中应是没有希望，故改成hopeless。
6. late→ later 表示几秒钟后用a few seconds later。
7. soldiers 其他的士兵应用复数，故用soldiers。
8. really 在这里应是副词修饰动词，故用really。
9. and→ but 由后一句可知此处表示“但是Peter还好好的”，上下文为转折关系，故用but。
10. missed 根据时态应用一般过去时，故改成missed
shot at 瞄准
target n.靶子
bullet n.子弹
Heavens n.上帝
助读强化
(共20张PPT)
Part 6
Grammar
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的功能相当于名词，分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，这四种从句可以叫作名词性从句。从形式上看，这四种从句和主句之间不用逗号。引导名词性从句的连接词有以下三类：
复习名词性从句
从属连词：that, whether, if (3个)
连接副词：when, where, how, why (4个)
连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which (5个)
1. That he will succeed is certain.
2. Whether she will go there is not known.
3. What she said is not true.
4. Who broke the window has not been found out.
5. How he escaped is still a mystery.
一、主语从句主语从句在复合句中充当主语。
⑴ 主语从句放在句首往往显得句子头重脚轻，因此通常借助于it作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移到句末。
It is not known who he is.
不知道他是谁。
It does not matter when he leaves.
他什么时候动身都没有关系。
注意：
⑵ 主语从句如果是用连接代词what, whatever, whoever 等引导的表示一个具体的东西或人，这种主语从句不能用it 来替换。
What he said interested me greatly.
Whoever is tired may rest.
⑶ 如果句中作主语的是一个从句，则谓语动词要用单数形式。
How close parents are to their children has a strong influence on the character of the children.父母跟孩子的亲密程度对孩子的性格有着强烈的影响。
How and why he did the experiment is unknown to all.他怎么做那个实验以及他为什么做那个实验无人知晓。
The problem is that he is also short of money.
The problem is whether he will agree to the suggestion or not.
That is what I want to tell you.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
二、表语从句在句子中作系动词的表语的从句叫作表语从句。
三、宾语从句在句中用作宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。除谓语动词可跟宾语从句外，介词、不定式、分词以及某些形容词(如：sure, glad, pleased, certain, afraid, surprised, satisfied等)的后面也可以带宾语从句。
I really feel that he needs more experience.
I want to know whether／if she still lives
there.
I don’t know who all those people are.
I wonder whom he wants to see.
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
注意 ：
⑴ 在“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中，若宾语是一个名词性从句，常常借助于it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句移到宾语补足语的后面。
We think it a pity that a man like him should not work harder.
⑵ that 引导的宾语从句通常不能充当介词的宾语，但在介词except和in 后可以跟that 引导的宾语从句。
① I know little about him except that he is an American.
②Men differ from animals in that they can think and speak.
③Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice.
1._______he said at the meeting astonished
everyone present.
2. _________we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. _________ you come or not is up to you.
4. _________ he refused my help surprised me greatly.
5. The fire destroyed_________ was in the building.
一、连接词填空
What
Whether
Whether
That
what
6. I can’t imagine _____ you can sew these pieces of cloth together without a needle and thread.
7. I believe ______ you have done your best and ________ things will improve.
8. The trouble was __________ Henry was lost in London and had no money.
9. The question is _______ it is worth doing.
10. The fact __________ she works hard is well-known to us all.
that
that
that
that
whether
that
二、完成句子
1. ______________________________(她和同学们相处得很好)is known to us all.
2. The problem is ____________________
_____________(吸烟者不抽烟便过不下去).
3. Everyone could see what was happening and_______________________ (她很着急).
4. Paul considered_____________________
__________________________________ (他被哈佛大学录取是幸运的).
That she gets on well with the class
that smokers cannot live
without smoking
that she was very anxious
it fortunate that he had
been admitted to Harvard University
5. __________________________________
__________________________________(你应该把老师讲的课做好笔记，这很重要).
6. It is believed that ___________________
______________________________(汉语将会在全世界得到更广泛的传播).
It is very important that you should make
notes of what the teacher says in class.
Chinese will be spread
even more widely in the world
7. ___________________________(从前认为)the earth was flat.
8.__________________________________
____________________(我们班足球队赢的消息)made all of us wild with joy.
It was once believed that
The news that the football team of our
class won the game
more precious
Because
is gone
It
三、语法填空
A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1_____________ (precious) than money. Why? 2_________ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time3________(go), it will never return. 4___is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make good use 5_____ our time to study hard so as 6(serve)our country in the future.
of
a
who
saving
till/until
But it is 7____ pity that there are a lot of people 8_______do not realize the value of time. They waste their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.
In a word, we should form the good habit of 9________ (save)time. Do not put off what can be done today10 ___________ tomorrow.
本文介绍了四个学习的好习惯。
1. F 此处是首段尾句，下文是四个学习好习惯，F项刚好能回答前句问题（提高分数的方法），又可引出下文四个学习好习惯，故选F。
2. G G项中的“planner、notebook”应该就是该空下一句中“tool”所指，且上下文能够衔接，此处说了两种记作业的工具，而下句则承接起来，无论使用哪种工具都好，关键是记作业非常重要。故选G。
四、七选五阅读
3. C 此处是该段小标题，应能概括该段主要内容。该段主要讲述的是，交流的重要，交流才能清楚地知道功课的要求和考试的考查方向，而提问问题只是交流的一种方法，因此选C不选B。
4. A 此处下文有“Some need…, but others actually…”讲述了不同的学生，需要的最佳学习环境是不同的，因此A符合题意，故选A。
5. D 本段的主要内容是“Try not to put things off”，且此处下文是防止拖延的一种自我暗示的方法，因此D项的问题是和引出下文的方法，同时与小标题呼应，故选D。
(共16张PPT)
Part 10
Summarizing
重点单词
1. majority n.
2. elect vt.
3. racial adj.
4. applicant n.
5. occur vi.
大多数；大半
选举
人种的；种族的
申请人
发生；出现
6. punishment n.
7. slip vi. & n.
8. insert vt.
9. apparent adj.
10. customs n.
处罚；惩罚
vi. 滑动；滑行
插入；嵌入
显而易见
海关
n. 滑动；滑倒
11. n. 苦难；困苦
12. vt. 指出；标示
13. n. 权威；权力
14. vt. & vi. 改革
15. vt. & vi. 租用；雇用
hardship
indicate
authority
reform
hire
16. n. 正义；公平
17. adj. 感激地；感谢的
18. n. 百分比；百分率
19. adj. 清晰的；明显的
20. adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的
justice
thankful1
percentage
distinct
civil
1. 用……方法；借助
2. 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
3. 申请；请示得到
4. 与……合作或一起工作
5. 包括；吸收
be means of
apply for
team up with
take in
make a life
重点短语
6. 除此之外；还有
7. 在19世纪初
8. 想做
9. 而不是
10. 抓住机会
in addition
In the early 1800s
feel like doing sth.
rather than
grasp the opportunity
11. live on
12. keep up
13. back to back
14. mark out
15. a great/good many
继续存在
坚持
背对背
划线；标出…的界限
许多
16. declare war on
17.at the beginning of
18. before long
19. it occurs to sb. that
20. mix with
向……宣战
在……开始时
某人想到……
不久
把……混合
重点句型
California is the _____ largest state in the USA but has the largest population.
加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有着最多的人口。(P 1)
2. However, it is ______that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
然而，可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。(P 2)
third
likely
3. It is ________that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。(P 3)
believed
重点语法
1. That is ___ today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. (P 2)
2. _______ attracts people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle. (P 5)
3. However, most applicants know____ they have very little chance of getting a visa. (P 5)
名词性从句—主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句
why
What
that
(共34张PPT)
Structures and Writing
Part 8
第一组:
1.他祖父在加拿大靠买卖二手房谋生。（主+谓+宾)
In Canada, his grandfather made a life by buying and selling second-hand houses.
He was able to live on by means of the money his grandfather had left him.
2.凭借祖父留给他的钱他能够继续生存。(主+谓)
合并：
In Canada, his grandfather made a life by buying and selling second-hand houses, so that he was able to live on by means of the money his grandfather had left him.
1. 一项调查表明许多地方空气污染严重。（主+谓+宾）
A survey indicates that air pollution is serious in a good many places.
Our factory teamed up with other factories to take some measures to fight against pollution there.
第二组：
2. 我厂与其它工厂联手采取措施抗击污染。（主+谓+宾）
A survey indicates that air pollution is serious in a good many places, where our factory teamed up with other factories to take some measures to fight against pollution.
合并：
读课文时最好把重要的句子划出来。
（主+谓+宾）
2. 显然，他很少对此作出反应。（主+谓+宾）
While reading the text, you had better mark out the important sentences.
Apparently, he seldom reacts to this.
合并：
第三组：
While reading the text, you had better mark out the important sentences, which, apparently, he seldom reacts to.
第四组：
1. 最近几年经济的繁荣创造了很多的就业机会。（主+谓+宾）
The economic boom in recent years has created many job opportunities.
2. 越来越多的人申请到了喜爱的工作。
（主+谓+宾）
More and more people have applied for their favorite jobs.
合并：The economic boom in recent years has created so many job opportunities that more and more people have applied for their favorite jobs.
尽管条件十分艰苦，他们继续修建新塔。
（主+谓+宾）
第五组：
Despite great hardship, they kept up the new tower.
The newly-built tower takes in a great number of tourists every day.
2. 新建的塔每天吸引大量的游客。 （主+谓+宾）
合并：Despite great hardship, they kept up the new tower, which takes in a great number of tourists every day.
1. 当我们到达被称之为小鸟天堂的地方时，
我们兴奋地发现数千种鸟定居在那。
（状语从句+what?从句，+主句）
When we arrived at what is called Bird Paradise, we were excited to find thousands of kinds of birds are settling there.
2. 环保专家很有可能会来这里调查此次严重污染可能引起的损害。（It is likely that-从句）
It is likely that the environmentalists will come to the area to investigate the possible damage caused by the serious pollution.
3. 他从未想到荷兰队赢得了世界杯冠军。
（It occurs to sb. that-从句）
It never occurred to him that the Netherlands won the champion in the World Cup.
4. 人们普遍认为这种病毒最初来自猴子。 （It is believed that?从句）
It is widely believed that the virus originally came from the monkeys.
5. 尽管我们认识有一段时间了，但就是这几个星期我发现我们有很多共同之处。（Although?从句，it is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其它）
Although we had known for a long time, it was in these weeks that I found we had much in common.
短语翻译
1. 多元文化之地
a land of diversity
2. 第三大洲
the third largest state
3. 最多的人口
the largest population
4. 文化最具多样性的州
the most multicultural state
5. 移民
immigrate to
6. 多元文化的大熔炉
a mixture of many different cultures
7. 开拓眼界
broaden one’s horizon
8. 外国历史与文化
foreign history and cultures
9. 在我们学生当中很流行
be popular among us students
10. 淘金热
The Gold Rush
11. 发生，举办
take place
12. 金子的发现
the discovery of gold
13. 发财
make a fortune
14. 寻找金子
in search of gold
15. 加州历史上最重要的事件
the most significant event in California’s history
句子翻译
1. 尽管历史没那么悠久，加州却被认为是美国一个文化最多样性的州，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
Although it hasn’t a long history, it’s believed that California has become the most multicultural state in the US, having attracted people from all over the world.
2. 这就是为什么每年那么多人想移民加州的原因。
This is why each year a number of people try to immigrate to California.
3. 在我看来，加州不仅是个多元文化的大熔炉，还是个旅游胜地。
In my opinion, California is not only a mixture of many different cultures, but also a nice place for travelling.
4. 这个节目，关于外国历史与文化，在我们学生当中非常流行。
This programme, which is about foreign history and cultures, is very popular among us students.
5. 大家相信，淘金热是加州历史上最具重要性的事件之一。
It is believed that The Gold Rush was one of the most significant events in California’s history.
假定你是李华，去年来到California留学，现在你的朋友Chris想了解一下California的历史与文化，请你写一封电邮回复他，简单地介绍California并邀请他来玩。要点如下：
1. 简介California：历史、地理、文化……。
2. 谈谈你眼中的California。
3. 邀请Chris来玩。
课堂练习
注意：
1. 词数100左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的。
3. 开头语已为你写好。
Dear Chris,
I am glad that you are interested in the history and cultures of California. Now let me tell you something about it.
Yours
Li Hua
［导练］
第一步，认真审题，明确要求。
体裁：电子邮件(回信，邀请信)。
人称：第一、三人称。
时态：一般现在时。
第二步，列出要点，以免遗漏。
1. 简介California：历史、地理、文化… (a land of diversity, the third largest state in the US, the largest population, the most multicultural stat, climate, pleasant, lifestyle, relaxed)
2. 谈谈你眼中的California (a mixture of many different cultures, a nice place for travelling)
3. 邀请Chris来玩 (welcome to, I’m sure…, looking forward to)
第三步，围绕中心，添加细节。
1. 作为一个多元文化之地，加州是美国第三大洲却拥有最多的人口。尽管历史没那么悠久，加州却是美国一个文化最多样性的州，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。那里的气候不错，生活方式也休闲。这就是为什么每年那么多人想移民加州的原因。
2. 在我看来，加州不仅是个多元文化的大熔炉，还是个旅游胜地。
3. 欢迎来到加州。如果你来到加州，我敢确定你一定能开拓眼界。盼来。
第四步，翻译表达，连贯得体。
第五步，仔细检查，工整书写。
Dear Chris,
I am glad that you are interested in the history and cultures of California. Now let me tell you something about it.
As a land of diversity, California is the third largest state in the US but has the largest population. Although it hasn’t a long history, it’s believed that California has become the most multicultural state in the US, having attracted people from all over the world.
The climate there is pleasant and the lifestyle is relaxed. This is why each year a number of people try to immigrate to California. In my opinion, California is not only a mixture of many different cultures, but also a nice place for travelling. Welcome to California. If you come here, I’m sure you will broaden your horizon. Looking forward to meeting you.
Yours,
Li Hua
假定你是李华，你校广播站将录制一期节目，介绍美国历史上著名的淘金热事件，同时，想邀请美国外教Chris参加该节目，请你给Chris写一封邀请信。要点如下：
1. 节目简介。
2. 简介“淘金热”。
3. 发出邀请。
Dear Chris,
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
课外作业
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to invite you to the programme for our school’s English broadcast station.
This programme, which is about foreign history and cultures, is very popular among us students. The latest issue will introduce something about The Gold Rush that took place in California in the 19th century.
After news of the discovery of gold soon spread, many people dreaming of making a fortune quickly crowded into California in search of gold. It is believed that The Gold Rush was one of the most significant events in California’s history. We would especially welcome you to join us in this programme. If you are able to come, please let us know.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
(共46张PPT)
Increasing numbers of people elect to work at home nowadays.如今越来越多的人选择在家工作。(=choose to do sth)
She elected to become a teacher. 她决定当老师。(=decide to do sth.)
They elected Tom as their monitor. 他们选举Tom作为他们的班长。(choose sb by vote)
1 elect
vt. 选择; 决定做某事; 选举某人
n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣;
vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期
2 boom
There was an economic boom in America in the past. 过去美国出现了经济繁荣。
I am very glad to find that my business is booming. 我欣喜地发现我的生意兴隆。
The incident occurred at 1:00 p.m. 这件事发生在凌晨一点钟。
All of a sudden, a good idea occurred to me. 我突然想到一个好主意。
It didn’t occur to me that he was elected to be our monitor.我没有想到他会被选为班长。
3 occur
vi. 发生；出现；想到
He indicated his determination to face the challenge.他表明了他要迎接挑战的决心。
The meter indicates the speed to be 120 miles per hour. 仪表指示出速度是每小时120英里。
4 indicate
vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示
My grandma slipped over on the floor and broke her leg. 我奶奶滑倒在地把腿摔断了。
Last night I nearly had a slip on the ice. 昨晚我差点在冰上滑倒了。
5 slip
vi. 滑动；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒
I would rather hire a car than buy one. 我宁愿租车而不是买车。
This flat is for hire. 这套公寓是用来出租的。
6 hire
vt. & n. 租用；雇用
This beautiful scenery exists nowhere else in the country. 这样美丽的风景并不存在于这个国家的其它地方。
7 nowhere
adv. 无处；到处都无
vt. & vi. 改革；革新
n.改革；改造；改良
It is reported that the tax system will be reformed. 据说税收体制将会改革。
An economic reform has been carried out in China. 中国已经进行了经济改革。
8 reform
Lei Feng is dead but his spirit lives on. 雷锋死了,但他的精神永存。(continue to live or exist)
We live chiefly on rice. 我们以大米为主食。(have sth as one’s food)
He still lives on his parents after graduation.毕业之后他仍然靠父母生活。(depend on sb. for financial support)
9 live on
继续存在；继续生存；以……为食；靠……生活
We conveyed the goods by means of a bike. 我们借助了一辆自行车运送这些货物。(by using; with the help of)
10 by means of…
用……办法；借助……
For two years, Cindy McCain attempted to make a life with her husband in Washington. 两年来,辛迪·麦凯恩与她的丈夫一直在努力习惯华盛顿的生活。
11 make a life
习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
My mother asked me to keep up my homework unless I was really tired.我母亲要求我继续做我的作业，除非我实在很累了。
We sat down back to back to have a rest. 我们背靠背坐着休息。
12 keep up
坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）
13 back to back
背靠背
We are willing to team up with the diligent colleagues like you. 我们很乐意与像你们一样勤劳的同事合作。
14 team up with
与……合作或一起工作
With an effort we succeeded in marking out a tennis court. 通过努力我们成功地画出了一个羽毛球场地。(draw lines to show the edges of sth)
15 mark out
画线；标出……界线
It is necessary for us to take in nutritious food every day. 对我们来说, 每天都吸收有营养的食物是很有必要的。(absorb)
The tour took in six European capitals. 那次观光包括欧洲六国的首都。(include)
16 take in 包括；吸收
There are a great many toys in the shop. 这间商店里有很多玩具。
17 a great /good many 许多；很多
He applied for this position to the boss. 他向老板申请了这个职位。
18 apply for 申请；请示得到
(共44张PPT)
［熟读深思］ California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州，但却是人口最多的州。(P 1)
What’s the population of London? 伦敦有多少人口？
population表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数，表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用large /small; 问人口多少用what/ how large。
1. population n. 人口；人口数
［灵活运用］ 用be的适当形式填空。
The population of China ___large, and 70% of the population of China _____ peasants.
What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口？
have a population of …有……人口
［归纳总结］
are
is
［熟读深思］
The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。(P 1)
2. live on 靠……生活；以……为食 (on为介词)；继续存在/生存(on为副词)
［灵活运用］
⑴ They have to live on a pension of＄400 a
month.( __________________ )
⑵ These fish live on small sea creatures such as shrimp(虾). ( _____________ )
⑶ She lived on until 2008, when she died at 85.
( __________ )
继续活着
靠(某一笔钱)过活
靠……为生
［熟读深思］
Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。(P 2)
3. by means of 依靠；凭借（with the help of）
⑴ We can hardly express our feeling
_________________ (用语言).
⑵ He is ________________(绝对不穷). In fact, he’s very rich.
［灵活运用］ 根据汉语提示完成句子。
by no means poor
by means of words
by no means 绝不；一点也不
⑶ Scientists are working to ___________
(找到一种……的方法) storing this type of power.
［归纳总结］
find a means of
［熟读深思］…but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.但尽管条件十分艰苦, 多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生。(P 2)
4. make a life 习惯新的生活方式；谋生
［灵活运用］ 根据汉语提示完成句子。
⑴ The young man _______________(承诺) to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
⑵ You have to _____________ (作出选择): leave or stay.
make a choice
made a promise
⑶ Although badly hurt in the accident, the driver was still able to __________ (打电话).
⑷ In recent years many football clubs have been run as business to ____________(盈利).
⑸ Now it is all about how to stay and ________ _________(在这儿开创新生活) for the foreigners.
make a call
make a profit
make a bargain 达成协议；成交
make a promise做出承诺
make a choice 选择
make a profit 获得收益
make a decision 决定下来；做出决定; 下决心
［归纳总结］
［熟读深思］In 1911 immigrants from Demark established a town of their own. 1911年, 丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇。(P 2)
［灵活运用］ 根据中文提示完成句子。
Now I finally ___________________ (有了自己的车).
have a car of my own
5. of one’s own 属于某人自己的
…which today still keeps up their Danish culture.……(丹麦移民自己的城镇)至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。(P 2)
6. keep up 继续；保持；维持
⑴ We found it hard to keep up our rent payments.( _____ )
⑵ I hope the good weather will keep up.
( _________ )
［灵活运用］指出下列句中keep up的意义。
继续下去
维持
［熟读深思］
It’s a 79 km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. 这是一次往返79公里的旅行, 它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。(P 8)
7. take in 包括；吸收；收留；领会；上当
⑴ The study of physics takes in many different subjects. ( ________ )
⑵ A kind old lady offered to take us in when we got lost last year. ( ________ )
［灵活运用］ 指出下列句中take in的不同意思。
涉及到
收留
⑶ I could hardly take in what the teacher said this morning. ( _______ )
⑷ Don’t be taken in by their promises.
( _____ )
领会
上当
take out 取出
take down 记下
take on 承担；呈现
take apart 拆开；拆散
take off 脱下(衣服)；起飞
take over 接手；接替；接任
take up 开始从事；占用(时间、空间)
［归纳总结］
(共11张PPT)
根据上文内容填空。
Uncle Sam Wilson was1 ______by the US government to 2 ________ meat to the army during the War of 1812. He stamped the boxes of meat for the army 3 _____a large “US” for United States. As a joke, a worker told some government inspectors that those letters 4 ____ the name of his boss, Uncle Sam. Before long, people called all the things that came from the government “Uncle Sam’s” and “Uncle Sam” became a 5 __________for the US government.
nickname
hired
provide
with
stood for
Work with your group to write on the map the names of as many of the following as you can.和你的小组成员合作,尽可能多地在地图上写出(加利福尼亚州的)地名。(P 1)
［句型］as many as one can 尽可能多地
［仿写］ 要想把英文讲得很流利，你最好尽量多看英文文章。
To speak English fluently, you had better read as many English articles as you can.
1. keep it up _______________
2. 相处融洽；适应 _______________
3. make preparations for ____________
4. 适应/习惯(做)某事 _______________
5. take up _______________
占据
保持下去
fit in
为……做准备
get/be used to (doing) sth.
6. 符合某人的要求 ______________
7. as far as one is concerned
______________
8. 参考；查阅 ______________
9. be occupied with ______________
10. 定居，(使)平静下来 ______________
settle down
meet one’s requirements
就……而言
refer to
忙于……；从事……
二、选词填空 用下列短语的正确形式填空。
be occupied with /in; be acknowledged as; succeed in; take up; keep up; refer to; get used to；adjust to； lack of; say goodbye to
1. Failure is the mother of success. ______
your courage.
Keep up
2. The teacher told us “Eventually you’ll
__________the smells in the laboratory.”
3. She is busy, because she ____________ collecting stamps.
4. They had to ______________each other with nothing in common，and then they separated.
say goodbye to
get used to
is occupied in
5. If people ever ____________catching a tiger, they may face a real problem.
6. When the election results were made known, the prime minister had __________ a failure.
7. She spoke for an hour without once ____________ her notes.
referring to
succeeded in
been acknowledged as
8. I can’t _________ living on my own, but
I had to.
9. The project had to be abandoned for
_______ money.
10. How to get used to the new life _______ all my concentration in the beginning .
took up
adjust to
lack of
(共17张PPT)
一、选择答案
1. According to the text, California ____.
A. is one of the largest states in the USA
B. has the largest population in the world
C. is a country of various customs and languages
D. only attracts people from other states
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Spanish influence on California is rather weak now.
B. Mexico used to be a part of America.
C. Other states of the USA have the same origin as California.
D. Many Chinese live in the Chinatowns of America.
3. Which group of people did NOT arrive in California till the 19th century?
A. Europeans. B. Russians.
C. Chinese. D. Pakistanis.
4. Many people rushed to California in 1848 because.
A. there was no war any more
B. people wanted to become rich
C. gold projects needed more labour
D. the state became independent
5. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. Europeans had religious influences on
California when ruling.
B. The American-Mexican war broke out in 1846.
C. Gold was discovered by the Asians in
California.
D. California will become a mixture of many races and cultures.
二、概要导写
1. What is this passage about?
The passage is about the history of the settlement in California.
2. Is California made up of immigrants from almost all parts of the world?
Yes, California is made up of immigrants from almost all parts of the world.
3. Why do people come here?
People come here for various reasons.
Summary: The passage is about the history of the1_________(settle)in California, which is a state made up of 2 _________ (immigrate) from almost all parts of the world. People come here for3 _________ (variety)reasons and altogether make the state a 4_________ (mix)of many races and cultures.
mixture
settlement
immigrants
various
三、课文填空
In 1848, not long after the American-?Mexican war, gold 1_______________ (discover) in California. The dream of becoming rich 2 ________(quick) attracted people from all over the world. The 3 ________(near), and therefore the first 4 _________(arrive), were South Americans and people 5 _____the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed.
from
was discovered
quickly
nearest
to arrive
In fact, 6 ____ achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died 7 ___returned home, 8 _____most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or 9 ___farms. By the time California elected to become 10 ____ thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
few
or
but
on
the
［议一议］
1. Why has studying abroad been popular in recent years?
2. Are there any advantages in attending schools abroad?
3. What are the disadvantages in attending schools abroad?
［写一写］
以约100个词就“studying abroad”发表你的看法，内容包括：
⑴ 出国留学的好处；
⑵ 出国留学的弊端；
⑶ 你对出国留学的看法。
四、话题议写
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study. Many people are trying their best to go abroad.
There are many advantages in attending schools abroad. Firstly, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Secondly, we can learn more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Thirdly, we can learn foreign languages more quickly.
However, there are some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live alone. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. Also, of course, the costs are much higher there than at home. In spite of these, there are more advantages than disadvantages. In my opinion, it is advisable to attend school abroad.
(共32张PPT)
一、词语搜索
1. live on _____________
2. at least _____________
3. 用……的方法 _____________
4. 除此之外 _____________
5. in fact _____________
事实上
继续存在，继续生存
至少
by means of
in addition
6. make a life _______________
7. 坚持，维持 _______________
8.到达 _______________
9. 在20世纪初 _______________
10. before long _______________
不久以后
习惯于新的生活方式
keep up
arrive in/at
at the beginning of the 20th century
二、美句仿写
1. It is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.很可能至少在15000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。(P 2)
［句型］It is likely that … 很可能……
⑴ 飞机可能要晚点吗？
⑴ Is it likely that the plane will be late?
⑵ 人家不大可能再给你一次机会。
⑵ It is not likely that you will be given a second opportunity.
2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, …人们认为, 要不了多久, 多种国籍的混合将会非常之大, 以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体, ……(P 3)
［句型］It is believed that… 人们认为……
⑴ 据信他已经听到这个消息了。
It is believed that he has heard about the news.
⑵ 大多数人认为城市生活对健康有害。
It’s popularly believed that city life is harmful to health.
［仿写］
三、难句分析
1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.(P2)
［分析］本句的正常语序是：No one really knows exactly when… 。显然when the first people arrived in what we now know as California是______ 从句，作谓语动词know的宾语；其中what we now know as California 又是宾语从句，作介词in 的宾语。
宾语
［句意］
谁也说不清楚，最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的。
2. …it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. (P 2)
［分析］句中“it is/was…that …”是强调句型。
［句意］
但是大批量的移民确是在19世纪60年代为了修贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。
1.用……方法；借助 ___________________
2.习惯新的生活方式 _________________
3.继续活着；继续存在 _________________
4. keep up _________________
5. of one’s own _________________
一、短语互译
某人自己的
by means of
make a life
live on
坚持；维持
二、单词拼写
1. The _________ (海峡) was named after its discoverer.
2. The new rules issued by the _______ b(部)of Education are working well.
strait
Ministry
3. There are strict controls on __________
(移民) into this country.
4. The resolution was adopted by an overwhelming m _______.
5. There was a b ____in new car sales during the Spring Festival.
immigration
ajority
oom
三、选词填空
1. My deskmate Li Ming was _______as monitor of our class.
2. The government promised to try every
______ to save lives in the mine accident.
means；major；elect；race；apply
means
elected
3. Obama has won the support of the _______, and he is now the US president.
4. It’s a well-paid job. There is no doubt that there are so many __________.
5. A new law has been brought in to discourage ______prejudice.
racial
majority
applicants
四、七选五阅读
不要以为差生就没有出路，这个世界，优等生是给差生打工的。
1. A 本句“然而，现实描绘了一幅不同的画面”与下一句“在当今世界，是差生而不是优等生更成功”构成了顺承关系，同样也与首句“优等生认为人生也是学术一样的”形成转折关系。关键词为“不同的”。
2. F 本句“差生认为第一任务是完成认为而不是追求完美”是对该段标题“差生明白完美无定义”的进一步解释说明。关键词为“完美”。
3. G 本句“它可以通过做兼职工作或者选择一些与工作相关的课程”与上一句“差生花费时间获得第一手的经验来实现自己的雄心”形成了递进补充的关系。关键词为“经验”。
4. C 本句“差生寻找更便捷的方法来完成任务”与该段首句“差生倾向于提出更简单的解决方案”构成了总分关系。关键词“简单”。
5. D 本句“他们把失败当作通向成功的垫脚石”与该段标题“差生不会被失败打败”构成了总结归纳的关系。关键词“失败”。
academic adj.学术的
notion n.概念
feedback n.反馈 ambition n.雄心
theoretical adj.理论的
tendency n.倾向
based on基于 agenda n.议程
hence adv.因此 falter v.蹒跚
助读强化
