高中英语人教版必修5 Unit 3　Life in the future（课件+随堂练习）（10份打包）

Unit 3　Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Have you thought about the problem from every __aspect__ (方面)?
2．A lot of children at the school do not live in the town，but come from the __surrounding__ (周边的)countryside.
3．Husband and wife should __switch__ (转换) roles with each other occasionally.
4．His first speech as president made a strong __impression__ (印象) on his audience.
5．This entrance is in __constant__ (不断的)use；do not block it，please.
6．We are still relatively o __ptimistic__ that the factory can be saved.
7．Training is provided, so no p __revious__ experience is required for the job.
8．She’s still u __ncertain__ whether to go to New Zealand or not.
9．It seems that these ants can’t t __olerate__ temperatures which would kill other species.
10．She made a few minor a __djustments__ to the focus of her camera.
Ⅱ．选词填空
previous to，take up，slide into，lack for，sweep up，lose sight of，switch off，be optimistic about
1．The poor women of the area were employed to __sweep up__ after office hours.
2．She has a wealthy childhood，never __lacking for__ toys or books.
3．On balance，I believe we have some good reasons to __be optimistic about__ the prospects(前景)．
4．The couple watched the Kongming light go higher and higher until they __lost sight of__ it.
5．You have to get used to a whole new way of life，which can __take up__ all your concentration in the beginning.
6．He said that they had paid him a visit two days __previous to__ Easter.
7．I __have slid into__ the habit of reading while eating.
8．Even simple things like using recycled paper or __switching off__ the lights when you leave a room can make a difference.
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．Deeply impressed on its beauty，I fell in love with Guilin.
__on→by__
2．It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.
__surrounding→surroundings__
3．None of his plans ever comes through because he lacks in determination.
__去掉in__
4．The school cannot tolerate cheat in exams.
__cheat→cheating__
5．As soon as she entered her own room，she caught sight the gift bought by her father.
__在sight后面加of__
Unit 3　Section Ⅰ
[练案7]
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Talking too loudly in public gives the __impression__ (印象) of being careless at best, and rude at worst.
2．Have you experienced times when you feel like you’re under too much __pressure__ (压力)?
3．These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and __fastened__ (系牢)on your belt.
4．She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was __constantly__ (不断地)challenged to learn new things.
5．Lighthearted and __optimistic__ (乐观的)，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
6．Have you had __previous__ (先前的)job experience?
7．How can we trust you any more? We won’t __tolerate__ (容忍)such behavior in our house!
8．—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
— __Lack__ (缺乏)of self-confidence is his Achilles’ heel, I am afraid.
9．Obviously, students are terrible at __adjusting__ (调整) their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.
10．All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a __switch__ (开关)．
Ⅱ．选词填空
catch sight of，for lack of，take up，lose sight of，make a great impression on，sweep up，because of，switch on，make adjustments to，be tolerant of
1．__For lack of__ self-confidence，many of the students have lost interest in English.
2．My friend went into the crowd，and then I __lost sight of__ her.
3．As soon as they reached the cinema，they __caught sight of__ their friends who were waiting for them there.
4．She __took up__ dancing when she was six years old.
5．Henry’s excellent performance has __made a great impression on__ us.
6．He had to __make adjustments to__ life plan，or he had to give up.
7．After __sweeping__ his new apartment __up__ thoroughly，he moved into it.
8．He __switched on__ the TV and then sat down to have a good time.
9．He is such a man that he can __be tolerant of__ some unhappy things.
10．__Because of__ the bad weather，they had to give up the chance of going out for a picnic.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．得知所发生的一切后，他茫然地凝视着天空，陷入了沉思中。
__Informed of/about what happened__，the man fell in deep thought，staring vacantly into space。
2．我记得我们离开房间之前把灯关掉了。
I remember __switching off the lights__ before we left the room.
3．居住在沙漠里牵涉很多问题，其中缺水是最严重的问题。
Living in the desert involves a lot of problems，of __which the lack of water__ is the worst.
4．他那样看着我，好像我是个疯子。
He looked at me in the way __as though/if I were mad__.
5．他安然无恙地从战争中归来。
He returned from war， __safe and sound__.
Ⅳ．阅读理解
A
It’s 8 a．m., Tuesday，Nov.18, 2028, and you are heading for a business appointment 300 miles away. You step into your circle, a two-passenger air-cushion car, press a series of buttons and the national traffic computer notes your destination, figures out the current traffic situation and signals your car to slide out of the garage.Hands free, you sit back and begin to read the morning paper—which is flashed on a flat TV screen over the car’s dashboard.Tapping a button changes the page.
The car speeds up to 150 mph in the city’s countryside, and then hits 250 mph in less built-up areas, driving over the smooth plastic road. You fly past a string of cities, many of them covered by the new domes(圆屋顶)that keep them evenly climatized all year round.Traffic is heavy, typically, but there’s no need to worry.The traffic computer, which sends and receives signals to and from all cars on the road between cities, keeps vehicles at least 50 yds apart.There hasn’t been an accident since the system began.
Suddenly your TV phone buzzes. A business partner wants a sketch of a new kind of impeller your firm is producing for sports boats.You reach for your case and draw the diagram with a pencil-thin infrared flashlight(红外线手电筒)on what looks like a TV screen lining the back of the case.The diagram is sent to a similar screen in your partner’s office, 200 miles away.He presses a button and a fixed copy of the sketch rolls out of the machine.He wishes you good luck at the coming meeting and signs off.
Ninety minutes after leaving your home, you slide beneath the dome of your destination city. Your car slows down and heads for an outer-core office building where you’ll meet your colleagues.After you get out，the vehicle parks itself in a garage to await your return.Private cars aren’t allowed inside most city cores.Moving sidewalks and trams(有轨电车)carry the public from one location to another.
文章大意：本文主要通过描述一个人开车上班，以及途中各种先进技术的使用等介绍了在2028年生活的情况。
1．The traffic computer in your car can __A__.
A．keep your car at a safe distance from other cars
B．keep your car at the same speed in different situations
C．keep your car receiving signals of TV programs
D．keep your car driving while avoiding heavy traffic
解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“The traffic computer，which sends and receives signals to and from all cars on the road between cities, keeps vehicles at least 50 yds apart.”可知，交通电脑可以使汽车之间的距离相隔至少50码(约46米)，使汽车保持安全的距离。
2．Why are the cities covered by the new domes？ __B__
A．To prevent people from being wet in the rain.
B．To stop the climate of the cities changing violently all year.
C．To protect the travelers against the strong sunshine.
D．To make the city have the same weather all year.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“many of them covered by the new domes(圆屋顶)that keep them evenly climatized all year round”可知，城市上空的圆屋顶能够保持城市的气候变化不剧烈，比较均匀，所以选B。
3．What will the city be like in the future？ __C__
A．No accidents will happen because of heavy traffic.
B．The sidewalk can move itself up and down.
C．The road will be built with the plastic material.
D．The car can park itself on a dome to wait for your return.
解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“driving over the smooth plastic road”可知道路是塑料建造的，故选C项。由第二段的最后一句“There hasn’t been an accident since the system began.”可知A项错误；由最后一段最后一句“Moving sidewalks and trams(有轨电车)carry the public from one location to another.”可知B项错误；由最后一段中的“the vehicle parks itself in a garage to await your return”可知D项错误。
4．The passage is most probably taken from __A__.
A．a popular science magazine B．a short story collection
C．a research paper D．a personal diary
解析：文章出处题。本文主要介绍了未来在2028年，人们在日常生活中使用各种先进技术的一些情况，属于科技方面的内容，因此本文最有可能选自科普杂志。
B
Life in the future will be different from the life today.Between then and now many changes will happen.But what will the changes be?
The population is growing fast.And most of them will live longer than people now.
Computers will be much smaller and more useful，and there will be at least one in every room.And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in schools then.People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports，watching TV and travel.Travelling will be much cheaper and easier.And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food，too.More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people.Then there will be less room for cows and sheep，so meat will be more expensive.Maybe no one will eat it every day.Instead they will eat more fruits and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier.Work in the future will be different，too.Robots will do dangerous and hard work.Because of this，many people will not have enough work to do.This will be a big problem.
文章大意：本文介绍了未来的生活情况。
5．In the future there will be __B__.
A．much more fruits B．more people
C．fewer vegetables D．less people
解析：推理判断题。由第二段第一句“The population is growing fast.”可以推出，将来人口会更多。
6．In the future people don’t have to __A__.
A．work long hours B．work fast
C．walk on foot D．eat meat
解析：细节理解题。由第三段第三句可以得知，将来人们不必工作太长时间。
7．People may not eat __C__ as much as they do today.
A．fruit B．fish
C．meat D．rice
解析：推理判断题。由第四段第三、四句可知，将来由于没有太多的地方饲养动物，肉的价格会上涨，人们可能不会每天吃肉了。
8．One big problem in the future is that __B__.
A．many people don’t have to work
B．many people will not be able to find work
C．people have to work fast
D．all the work will be done by robots
解析：细节理解题。由短文最后一段最后两句可以得出答案。
Ⅴ．七选五
Most people learn over time, but often learning comes too late to be fully useful.There are certainly many things that could have saved me from many of the mistakes and hurts I suffered over the years.1. __D__ I hope they may help a few of you avoid the mistakes that I made back then.
1．Caring too much just puts yourself in trouble. 2. __A__ There are only a few things that truly count for a happy life.I wish I had known to concentrate on those and ignore the rest.
2．Following the latest fashion blindly in work or in life is spiritual and intellectual suicide. 3. __E__ ;or you can be a unique individual.The choice is yours.
3．4. __F__ The worst way to spend your time is even spreading more.People who spread unreal news are the virus-carriers of our day.Cockroaches (蟑螂) are cleaner, kinder creatures in comparison.
4．Hoping for the best is not always the right attitude.Maybe something will take twice as long as you plan for and produce results about half as good as you hope.5. __C__ Just allow for it and move on.
The most efficient way of learning is to bear the above in your mind and take action now.Waiting until you can be sure of doing something exactly right means waiting forever.
A．Much of what you get excited about, or anxious about, turns out not to matter.
B．Killing time is bound to ruin your career and future.
C．There’s no reason to be downhearted about this.
D．So here are some of the things I wish I had learned long ago.
E．You can be a cheap imitation of the ideal of the moment
F．Listening to gossip is the quickest way to damage your relationship with others.
G．There is no better way for you to learn and develop.
文章大意：本文主要讲了随着时间的流逝我们一直在获得新的知识，但是这些学问却往往在我们需要它的时候姗姗来迟。下面有几点是我很久以前就希望自己能够了解的。期待它们能帮助大家，即使是小部分人，能够避免重蹈我的覆辙。
1．解析：语义理解题。由“There are certainly many things that could have saved me from many of the mistakes and hurts I suffered over the years.”可知，这里意思是所以这里是一些我希望我很久以前就学会的东西。故选D。
2．解析：语义理解题。由“Caring too much just puts yourself in trouble.”和“There are only a few things that truly count for a happy life.I wish I had known to concentrate on those and ignore the rest.”可知，这里意思是大多数你为之而激动的事情或者为之而烦恼的事情，被证明都是不重要的。故选A。
3．解析：语义理解题。由“Following the latest fashion blindly in work or in life is spiritual and intellectual suicide”和“or you can be a unique individual.The choice is yours.”可知，这里意思是此刻，你可以成为一个廉价的偶像模仿品。故选E。
4．解析：语义理解题。由“The worst way to spend your time is even spreading more.People who spread unreal news are the virus-carriers of our day.”可知，这里意思是破坏关系的最快最简单的方法就是听信谣言。故选F。
5．解析：语义理解题。由“Hoping for the best is not always the right attitude.Maybe something will take twice as long as you plan for and produce results about half as good as you hope.”和“Just allow for it and move on.”可知，这里意思是没什么好为此沮丧的，让它去吧，你要继续前行。故选C。
课件110张PPT。Unit 3　Life in the future Section Ⅰ　Warming-up，Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending 自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1．__________ (n.) 方面；层面
2．_________ (n.) 指导；向导；导游　(vt.) 指引；指导
3．__________ (n.) 开关；转换　(vt.) 转换
4．impression (n.) 印象；感想；印记→ ___________ (vt.) 给……留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.) 给人深刻印象的
5．constant (adj.) 时常发生的；连续不断的
→ ______________ (adv.) 不断地aspect　
guide　
switch　impress　constantly　
6．previous (adj.) 在前的；早先的→ ______________ (adv.) 先前
7．surroundings (n.) 周围的事物；环境→ _______________ (adj.) 周围的
→ ____________ (v.) 包围
8．lack (vi.& vt.) 缺乏；没有　(n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西→ ___________ (adj.) 缺乏的
9．adjustment (n.) 调整；调节→ __________ (v.) 调整；调节
10．press (n.) 按；压；印刷；新闻→ ____________ (n.) 压力
11．optimistic (adj.) 乐观(主义的) → _______________ (adj.) 悲观(主义) 的
previously　surrounding　surround　lacking　adjust　pressure　pessimistic　
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．take ______ 拿起；接受；开始；继续
2．be back ______ one’s feet (困境后) 恢复；完全复原
3．lose sight ______...看不见……
4．sweep ______ 打扫；横扫
5．slide ________ (快捷而悄声地) 移动；溜进……
up　
　on　
　　of　
up　
into　
Ⅲ．句型结构
1．What problems ______________ people in the future will have overcome?
你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题？
2．At first my new surroundings were _______________________.
开始的时候，新的环境让人难以忍受。
do you think　difficult to tolerate　
Ⅳ．课文理解
(Ⅰ) 阅读课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why did Li Qiang suffer from “time lag”？ ______
A．Because he took up his prize that he won the year before.
B．Because he didn’t like the year A．D．3008.
C．Because he was unsettled for the first few days during the journey.
D．Because he often suffered from “jet lag”．
C　2．What’s the main idea of Para.1？ ______
A．My impressions of life one thousand years in the future.
B．Staying in Wang Ping’s home.
C．A pleasant journey.
D．How I came to take a time travel journey.
3．How did Li Qiang enter the future？ ______
A．By bus. B．By plane.
C．By spaceship. D．By time capsule.D　D　4．When Li Qiang was in the new surroundings，what happened to him？ ______
A．He had a car accident. B．He had a headache.
C．He kept on breathing fresh air. D．He bought a new car.
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the hovering carriages？ ______
A．They run along much wider roads.
B．They are much larger and faster.
C．They float above the ground.
D．They run by themselves.B　C　(Ⅱ) 课文语法填空
Li Qiang couldn’t believe that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 1. ______ a time capsule.2. ___________ this was his first time trip，he was worried and 3. _____________ (settle) and he also suffered from“time lag”．Besides，he 4. __________ (hit) by the lack of fresh air.His guide，Wang Ping，who was very 5. _________________ (understand)，gave him some tablets and a mask，6. _________ helped him overcome the problems.However，Li Qiang experienced something new.He flew 7. _________ the ground in a hovering carriage.8. ____________ (arrive) home，he was shown into a large bright，clean room with a wall of trees.After eating something，he fell 9. ______________ asleep in the bed that 10. _______________ (produce) from the floor.in　Because　unsettled　
was hit　
understanding　
which　above　Arriving　fast/sound　was produced　寻规巧记词合 作 探 究
(1) ～(of sb./sth./doing sth.) |～(that...) 印象；感想
I had a very good impression of him.
我对他的印象极好。核 心 词 汇1．impression n.(2) ～(on sb.) 影响；效果
①His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.
他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
②His trip to India made a strong impression on him.
他的印度之行对他的触动很大。
③His story made quite a good impression on the audience.
他的故事给听众留下了相当好的印象。impress vt.给……以印象；使铭记
be impressed by/with sth.对……印象深刻
be impressed on one’s mind/memory被印在脑海里；铭记
impress sth.on/upon sth.＝impress sb.with sth.使某人深深意识到某事物；使某人铭记某事物
leave/make/have a(n) ．..impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象
be under the impression that...误认为……单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷) Why does it matter that people are more _____________ (impress) by the most recent changes?
解析：考查短语。句意：为什么人们对最近的变化印象更深刻很重要？be impressed by“对……印象深刻，铭记”。
②The historical architecture of London attracts visitors from all over the world，and leaves a deep ______________ (impress) on their minds.
③My first ______________ (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.impressed　impression　impression　补全句子
④As a candidate，you must _______________________________ (给……留下好印象) everyone you meet if you want to win the election.
⑤We ________________________ (对……印象深刻) the enjoyable experience in the countryside.make/leave a good impression on　were impressed with/by　①As I walked through the town，I was constantly reminded of my childhood.
当我步行穿过城镇时，我不断地回忆起我的童年。
②Fashion is constantly changing.
时尚总是日新月异。2．constantly adv.不断地；反复地；经常地constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的　n．常数；常量
constancy n．稳定性，持久不变；忠诚，忠实单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷) Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in ____________ (constantly) fear of meat-eating animals.
解析：考查形容词。 句意：因此，生活在一百万年前的人类，尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，却一直生活在对食肉动物的恐惧中。constant adj.“时常发生的；连续不断的”。
constant　②(2019·浙江杭州外国语学校高二上月考卷) We are ______________ (constant) working to improve access to the museum and its collection.
③The Forbidden City attracts a ____________ (持续不断的) stream of visitors every day，especially during national holidays.constantly　constant　①My secretary reminded me of the important meeting to be held this afternoon.
我的秘书提醒我参加将于今天下午召开的重要会议。
②Mom，remind me to take a couple of headache tablets this afternoon.
妈妈，今天下午提醒我吃几片头痛药。
③(2019·北京卷) However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.
然而，她的爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿不好。3．remind vt. 使记住；提醒；使(某人) 想起remind sb.(not) to do sth.提醒某人做/不做某事
remind sb.that...提醒某人……
remind sb.of/about sth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事
单句语法填空
①The movie reminds me of ________ I have seen in Beijing.
②What you said just now reminded me ______ that American professor.
③On a daily basis，she reminded me ________ life goes on.
④Remind me ___________ (write) to my mother.
单句改错
⑤This reminds me that we did together during our holidays.
______________what　of　that　to write　that→what　(1) (时间上) 稍前的
①I couldn’t believe it when I heard the news.I’d only seen him the previous day.
听到这消息时，我不敢相信；我就在前一天还见过他。
②We had met on a previous occasion.
我们上次见过面。
4．previous adj.(2) 先前的，以往的
①Applicants for the job must have previous experience.
申请这份工作的人须先前有过这种工作经验。
②I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement.
我因有约在先，无法出席。
③She had one child from the previous marriage.
她在上一次婚姻中有一个孩子。previous to sth.在……之前；先于……
previously adv.以前；先前previous，former单句语法填空
①Anyone with a college degree can apply for the job but those with ____________ (previously) working experience are _____________ (prefer) ．
解析：句意：有大学学位的人都可以申请这份工作，但是他们更喜欢有工作经验的。第一空，应用previous“先前的”作定语修饰名词；第二空，应用prefer的过去分词，表示“更被喜欢”。previous　preferred　
补全句子
②事件发生于他到那儿以前。
It happened _____________________________.
③你在写作之前必须收集好足够的材料。
You must collect enough materials _________________________.
previous to his arrival there　previous to your writing　1) n.
(1) 指导；向导；导游
①(2019·江苏卷) Chris and Tim offered us the answer: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
克里斯和蒂姆给了我们答案：人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑掌握了所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。
②He is the tribe’s spiritual guide.
他是这个部落的精神领袖。5．guide
(2) 指南；手册
①This book serves as a guide to grammar.
这是一本语法入门书。
②Let’s have a look at the TV guide and see what’s on.
咱们看看电视节目单上有什么节目。
2) v.
(1) 带领；指引；指导
①She guided us through the busy street to the school.
她带领我们穿过繁忙的大街去学校。
②We were guided around the museums.
我们在导游的带领下参观了博物馆。
③He was always guided by his religious beliefs.
他的言行总是以自己的宗教信仰为指导。
(2) 解释；阐明
The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
健康安全官员将会给你解释一遍安全规程。
guidance n．指导；引导
under sb.’s guidance＝under the guidance of sb.在某人的指导下guide，lead，direct
①She guided the tourists around the city.
她领着旅游者游览了这座城市。
②The usher led him to his seat.
引座员带他找到了座位。
③Could you direct me to the railway station?
你能给我指指去火车站的路吗？单句语法填空
①We need someone to guide us ___________ the forest.
②These philosophical views serve as ______ guide in life.
③This book __________ (guide) us in using English words and idioms.
补全句子
④在教授的指导下，我提前完成了毕业论文。
______________________ the professor，I finished my graduation paper ahead of time.through　a　guides　Under the guidance of　(1) n. [pl.]环境
①The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings.
这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围建筑浑然一体。
②At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始，我周围的新环境令人难以忍受。6．surrounding(2) adj. 周围的；附近的
①The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.
周围的村庄已经并入了那不断扩展的城市。
②Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
狐狸开始从附近的乡下跑进来。surround vt.围绕；包围
be surrounded by由……围着/包围surroundings，environment
surroundings专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼environment可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境对人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼
The boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy family environment.
这个男孩在美丽的环境中长大，但缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。
单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷) And don’t forget：we are ______________ (surround) by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.
解析：考查谓语动词。句意：别忘了：我们周围有一个天然的操场，非常适合散步、洞穴探险、爬山和骑自行车。be surrounded by“由……围着/包围”。
surrounded　
②Some insects take on the colour of their ________________ (surround) to protect themselves.
③The _______________ (surround) small towns have been absorbed into the city in the last few years.
④(2019·江苏卷) Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ______________ (surround) by his family.
解析：考查过去分词做状语。句意：Steve到了，坐在前排，被家人包围着。surround与主语Steve之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
surroundings　surrounding　surrounded　①(2019·天津卷) A tough man can tolerate suffering.
坚强的人能忍受苦难。
②We don’t tolerate getting close to animals in the zoo.
在动物园里我们不允许接近动物。
③Few plants will tolerate sudden changes in temperature.
很少有植物会经受得住气温的突然变化。7．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerate doing sth.容忍/允许做某事
tolerance n．忍受；宽容；宽恕；忍耐性
toleration n．忍受；宽容，容许
tolerant adj.忍受的，容忍的；宽容的
be tolerant of sth.能忍耐某物；容忍某物tolerate，bear，stand，put up with①People simply will not tolerate a bad mental attitude.
人们是绝不会容忍消极心态的。
②She couldn’t bear to see animals treated cruelly.
她不忍见动物受虐待。
③I cannot stand waiting any longer.
再等下去我可受不了啦。
④If you can put up with a bit of cold air，I’d like to open the window.
如果你不怕冷风吹的话，我想打开窗子。单句语法填空
①Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a ____________ (tolerate) smile and let him go.
②Our school won’t tolerate ____________ (cheat) in exams.If caught，you will get severely punished.
③Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ____________ (忍受) noise.
补全句子
④I can’t _______________________ (容忍和……一起工作) Jane，because she is constantly speaking.tolerant　cheating　tolerate　tolerate working with　(1) vt.没有；缺乏
①His childhood lacked the harmony that was typical of a happy family.
他的童年缺失和睦，而这是一个幸福家庭的典型特征。
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
在19个已知的北极熊亚种群中，有3个种群数量在减少，6个种群数量稳定，1个种群数量在增加，9个种群数量数据不足。8．lack(2) n.不足；缺乏；没有
①The plant died for lack of water.
植物因缺水而枯死了。
②Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement.
她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。for/through/from/by/because of lack of因缺乏……，因无……
lack (for) nothing没有欠缺
be lacking in在……方面不足①I haven’t finished the painting for lack of time.
由于时间不够，我的画还没有完成。
②They lacked for nothing.
他们什么都不缺少。语境巧记
His girlfriend thought that he must be a rich person lacking in nothing.In fact，he couldn’t afford to buy even a small flat for lack of money.But he lacked the courage to tell her the truth.
他的女朋友认为他一定是个什么都不缺的有钱人。事实上，因为缺钱，他甚至连一套小公寓也买不起。但他没有勇气告诉她真相。
注意：lack作名词时，后常接of；lack还可用及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for。
Her parents made sure that she lacked for nothing.
她的父母确保她什么都不缺。单句语法填空
①More and more hight-rise buildings have been built in big cities _______ lack of space.
②Though ___________ (lack) money，his parents managed to send him to a key university.
补全句子
③他只是缺乏信心，因为他经常害怕他又会失败。
He just ___________________，for he is often afraid that he may fail again.
④因为缺钱，我买不起那本书。
I can’t afford that book because of _______________.for　lacking　lacks confidence　lack of money　(1) n.调整；调节
I’ve made a few adjustments to the design.
我已对设计作了几处调整。
(2) n.(行为、思想的) 调节；适应
She went through a period of adjustment after the divorce.
离婚后她熬过了一段感情调整期。9．adjustment(1) make an adjustment to...对……做出调整
(2) adjust vi.& vt.适应；调整
adjust(...) to sth.调整……以适应……；使适应……①The body can quickly adjust (itself) to changes in temperature.
身体可以迅速(自行) 调整以适应气温的变化。
②He soon adjusted himself to the new life.
他很快就适应了新的生活。
③My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.
我父母不习惯住公寓。补全句子
①当心急转弯并相应调整车速。
Watch out for sharp bends and ___________________ accordingly.
②我们觉得有必要对计划做调整。
We find it necessary ___________________.adjust your speed　to adjust our plan　1) v.
(1) 按；压；挤；推；贴；熨平(衣服)
①If you press this button，the machine will start.
你按这按钮的话，机器就会发动。
②The shoes are pressing my feet.
我的鞋挤脚。
③She pressed her face against the window.
她把脸贴在窗户上。
④The photographers pressed around the royal visitors.
摄影记者们在王室贵宾周围挤来挤去。10．press v．&n.
(2) 逼迫；敦促
①They pressed me for an immediate decision.
他们逼我立即做决定。
②They are pressing us to make a quick decision.
他们正催促我们尽快做出决定。
2) n.
(1) 按；压；挤
①He gave the bell another press.
他又按了一下铃。
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses.
通过分析用户打字的力度和按键之间的间隔时间，键盘可以提供一个强大的安全层。
(2) 出版社
The power of the press is great.
新闻报刊的力量很强大。补全句子
①广告迫使女孩子们减肥。
Advertisements _________________ girls __________ weight.
②他后背紧紧靠在门上。
He ___________ his back ___________ the door.
③没有一位政治家能够忽视新闻界的力量。
No politicians can ignore the power of ____________.put pressure on　to lose　pressed　against　the press　
单句语法填空
④Thanks to electronic mail，today you can send a letter anywhere around the world in seconds simply by ____________ (press) a button.
解析：句意：幸亏有了电子邮件，如今你只要按一下按钮，信件就可以在几秒钟之内发到全世界的任何地方。考查非谓语动词。设空处位于介词by之后，作by的宾语，故用动名词形式。pressing　(1) vt.&vi.转换；转变；改变
①He got tired of teaching and switched to writing stories.
他厌倦了教书，改行写小说了。
②They switched the shooting location of the movie from Thailand to Hawaii.
他们把这部电影的拍摄地从泰国换为夏威夷了。
(2) n.开关
Tom pressed the switch，but nothing happened.
Tom按了下开关，但什么也没有发生。11．switch(3) n.(彻底的) 改变；转变
(2019·天津卷) And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare，the switch allows the original prey to recover.
如果一个捕食者可以转移到另一个更容易被发现的物
种上，那么当一个猎物变得稀有时，这种转换会让原来的猎物恢复。
单句语法填空
①He used to play tennis，but now he’s switched ______ golf.
②When it gets dark，we will switch ______ our lights.
③Finally，they had to make ______ switch in their arrangement.
to　on　a　①She took up the job and was optimistic about her future.
她接受了这份工作，并对未来充满信心。
②We are still relatively optimistic that the factory can be back on its feet.
我们仍然比较乐观地认为工厂能够东山再起。12．optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的be optimistic about.../that　对……持乐观态度
optimism n．乐观(主义)
optimist n．乐观(主义) 者单句语法填空
①My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic _________ my future and about what I can do here.
②They are cautiously optimistic ________ the reforms will take place.
补全句子
③Don’t sit around feeling sorry for yourself. ________________ (积极点儿) and look ahead.
解析：feel sorry for oneself意为“自怨自艾”。
④People are likely to live more happily and longer if they _______________ ___________ (对生活持乐观态度) ．about　that　Be optimistic　are optimistic 　about life　(1) 接受(建议、提议或主意)
He took up the invitation and went to the party.
他接受了邀请，去参加了聚会。
(2) (把未完的事情) 继续下去
I’ll take up the story where you left off.
我来接着你把故事讲下去。
重 点 短 语1．take up(3) 占据(一定的时间或空间)
I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time.
我知道您肯定特别忙，我自然不想占用您太多的时间。
(4) 开始从事
She took up her first teaching post in 2008.
2008年，她走上了她的第一个教学岗位。take 构成的其他短语：
take apart拆开，拆卸
take away拿走；使消失
take down拿下，取下；记下
take in理解；欺骗；收留
take off脱去(衣服) ；起飞；突然开始成功
take on呈现；开始雇用；承担(责任)
take over 接任；接管①Tom was always taking things apart in the garage.
Tom老是在车库里拆东西。
②Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
不要相信那些声称能帮你在一周内就减肥的产品。
③Charlie was taking off his shirt when the phone rang.
Charlie正在脱衬衫，突然电话铃响了。单句语法填空
①To keep healthy，Professor Johnson took ______ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.
②The city has been developing very fast and it has taken ______ a new look.
③Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane is taking _______.
④Don’t be taken ______ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.up　on　off　in　①He ate some bad fish.As a result，he fell ill.
他吃了一些变质的鱼肉，结果生病了。
②(2019·江苏卷) As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back.
其结果是，在过去的二十年左右，许多人开始相信，无论今天发生什么变化，都是伟大的技术进步的结果，违背这一点就像试图让时间倒流。2．as a result结果；因此as a result of(＝because of) 作为……的结果；由于……
in result结果；因此
without result无效地；毫无结果地
result from由于；起因于
result in导致；造成……结果①His carelessness resulted in the accident.
他的粗心导致了这场事故。
②His illness is a/the result of(eating) bad food.
他的病起因于吃了变质的食物。
③The accident resulted from his carelessness.
这场事故是由于他的粗心引起的。
单句语法填空
①My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever；as ______ result，he could neither eat nor sleep.
解析：句意：我的朋友马丁患了奇怪的发烧，结果，他不能吃也不能睡。as a result表示“结果是；作为结果”。
②Rose was wild with joy ______ the result of the examination.a　as　①I need to forget all this and get back on my feet again.
我需要忘记这一切，再次恢复过来。
②The teacher was back on his feet again and continued to give the lesson to his students.
这位老师再一次恢复过来，继续给他的学生们上课。3．be/get back on one’s feet(困境后) 恢复；完全复原foot构成的其他短语：
be on one’s feet站立着；恢复健康
stand on one’s own feet独立；自立
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
rise to one’s feet站起来
jump to one’s feet跳起来①Young people must learn to stand on their own feet.
年轻人必须学会自食其力。
②As soon as the bell rang the whole class were on their feet and ran out of the door.
铃声一响，全班学生就站起来跑出门了。
③He jumped to his feet with excitement when he heard the news that he got first prize.
当他得知他获得一等奖的消息时，他兴奋地跳了起来。补全句子
①你需要重新站起来，忘掉这所有的一切。
You need _______________________ again and forget all this.
②他吃力地从椅子上站了起来。
He ______________________ from the chair.
③群众都站了起来，热烈地欢呼。
The crowd ___________________，cheering wildly.to get back on your feet　struggled to his feet　rose to their feet　①There were so many people at the railway station that I lost sight of my mother.
火车站有那么多人以至于我看不见我妈妈了。
②I lost sight of the road signs because of the heavy fog.
因为大雾，我看不到路标了。4．lose sight of看不见……(1) catch sight of 看见
(2) in/within sight 在视线内；看得见
out of sight 看不见；在视线之外
at the sight of 一看见……就
at first sight 乍一看；立即
come into sight 进入视野；出现①Finally he caught sight of the young man’s light overcoat in the distance.
最后他在远处看见了那个年轻人穿的淡色外套。
②We fell in love with the smart phone at first sight，but much to our regret，it was too dear.
我们最初看到那部智能手机时就喜欢上了它，但非常遗憾，它太贵了。
③When we entered the park，a big lake came into sight.
我们进入公园时，一个大湖进入了视野。
温馨提示：sight用作不可数名词时，意为“视力，视觉”。用作可数名词时，意为“景物，景象”。
单句语法填空
①Though busy with housework，the mother still can keep her child ______ sight.
② ______ the sight of the painting，the professor was attracted deeply.
补全句子
③I _______________ (看不见) him in the crowd.
④ ________________ (一看见) his mother，the boy stopped crying.
⑤He was happy to ________________ (看见) an eagle flying in the sky.in　At　lost sight of　At the sight of　catch sight of　(1) 打扫；扫除
After all the guests had left，I swept up all the mess.
所有的客人离开后，我打扫了所有垃圾。
(2) 扫拢；吹拢
The wind swept up the sand into a mound.
风把沙子吹拢成一个小丘。5．sweep upsweep aside对……置之不理；不予理会
sweep away消灭；完全打消；冲走
sweep out打扫干净
sweep through席卷；使掠过……补全句子
①The dustman _________________ (正在打扫) the fallen leaves on this street from 6 to 8 that morning.
②Many bridges _________________ (冲走) by the flood.
③Did you ____________ (打扫干净) the closet last week?
④The news ________________ (席卷) the village like fire.was sweeping up　were swept away　sweep out　swept through　此句为复杂疑问句，其句式结构为：疑问词＋do you think＋其余部分，其余部分为陈述语序。
Who do you think is the tallest in your class?
你认为谁是你们班最高的？
难 点 解 析1．What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?
你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题？ (1) 能用于此种句型的动词还有：suppose，imagine，suggest，expect等，如果后面从句里有否定含义，往往需要把否定转移，即把从句的否定词移到主句中。
I don’t think it’s right to do so.
我想这样做是不对的。
(2) 该句型变反义疑问句时，主句主语是第一人称且是现在时态时，反问部分与从句一致，否则与主句一致。
①I think that he has been to Beijing，hasn’t he?
我认为他去过北京了，是吗？
②He thinks that their team are sure to win the game，doesn’t he?
他认为他们队一定能获胜，是吗？补全句子
你认为我们该做些什么？
What do you think ______________ ?we should do　本句是“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型，该句型中的形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词，如easy，difficult，hard，important等。
①The story is very interesting to read.
这个故事读起来很有趣。
②This problem is hard to solve in my opinion.
在我看来，这个问题很难解决。2．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让人难以忍受。“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型
(1) 不定式和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，但用主动形式表被动含义。
(2) 不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语(for sb.) 。
(3) 不定式接不及物动词时，其后跟相应的介词。①Sending messages to take part in the programme is not easy for the old to do.
对老人来说，发短信参与节目不容易做到。
②The girls in our class are very easy to get along with.
我们班的女生很容易相处。单句语法填空
①In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant __________ (deal) with.
补全句子
②乔治很难相处。
George is hard __________________.
③这台机器很容易操作，几分钟后任何人都能学会使用它。
This machine is very _________________.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.to deal　to get along with　easy to operate　本句是一个复合句，其中as though 引导方式状语从句。as though意为“好像”。
当as though引导方式状语从句或表语从句时，通常用虚拟语气，表示与事实不符或相反的情况。如果as though引导的从句与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时(be动词用were) ; 如果as though引导的从句与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；如果as though引导的从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。3．The air seemed thin，as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎稀薄，好像混合气体中剩下很少的氧气。①She treats the orphan as though he were her own son.
她对待这个孤儿就好像他是她的亲儿子。
②He acts as though he knew me.
他表现得认识我似的。
③He behaved as though nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么事都没有发生。
④She talks about it again and again as though she would never stop.
她一直在谈论这事，好像永远都不会停下来一样。温馨提示：(1) 当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语又包含be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词通常可一起省去。这时，as though后可以跟动词不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式。
(2) as though后也可不用虚拟语气，这取决于说话者。如果从句所表示的情况有明显的依据或实现的可能性比较大，那么从句就用陈述语气。
He walks as though he is drunk.
他走起路来像是喝醉了一样。单句语法填空
①It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ___________ (do) it?
②—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ________ though it rains，we’ll still have a great time.had done　Even　形容词短语worried about the journey作原因状语，通常位于句首，表示主语所处的状态。
①Helpless，we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.
我们看着房子在我们眼前被摧毁，很无助。
②Afraid of difficulties，they prefer to take the easy road.
由于害怕困难，他们宁愿走容易的路。4．Worried about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.
因为担心这次旅行，所以头几天我心里总是不踏实。补全句子
①决心及时开展计划后，他们将作细致的准备。
________________________ the plan in time，they will make careful preparations.
②因为快乐和兴奋，男孩们又喊又唱。
___________________，the boys were shouting and singing.Determined to carry out　Happy and excited　巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业Unit 3　Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．It is known to us all that the English language is __constantly__ (持续不断地) changing.
2．If she doesn’t want to go，nothing you can say will __persuade__ (劝服) her.
3．They drove 600 miles across the __desert__ (沙漠)．
4．Eventually she managed to __overcome__ (克服)her shyness in class.
5．Modern houses have replaced the __mud__ (泥)huts with grass roofs.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．—Can the task be accomplished as scheduled?
—Sure. __To complete__ (complete)it in time，we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
2．__Guided__ (guide)by an artist，the girl made great progress.
3．Though __defeated__ (defeat)many times，the man didn’t lose heart.
4．Though __deserted__ (desert)by his parents when he was a child，he was optimistic about the future.
5．__Worried__ (worry)about their children’s safety，the __concerned__ (concern)parents together with the teachers went into the mountains in search of the __lost__ (lose)students.
6．__Blamed__ (blame)for her faults，the little girl was in low spirits.
7．The little girl ran into the room， __followed__ (follow)by her pet dog.
8．__Mailed__ (mail)out automatically，the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
9．Time， __used__ (use)correctly，is money in the bank.
10．Misunderstandings __resulting__ (result)from lack of social communication，unless __dealt__ (deal)with properly，may lead to serious problems.
Ⅲ．用适当的介词或副词填空
1．We are aimed to speed __up__ our delivery times.
2．We must not lose sight __of__ our achievements.
3．He went __on__ to talk about the world situation.
4．__At__ first we covered about 100 miles a day.
5．I was in a state of exhaustion __after__ the long journey.
6．The test shows the effects of gravitation on bodies __in__ space.
7．How __on__ earth did you manage that?
8．The novel has been translated __into__ many languages.
Unit 3　Section Ⅱ
[练案8]
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Boys and girls，I’ve made a few minor __adjustments__ (调整) to the seating plan.
2．After graduating from college，he chose to work in that __desert__ (沙漠) region.
3．Whether we like it or not，what we wear helps form a first i __mpression__.
4．Whether it will come about is __uncertain__ (不确定的)．
5．Every day there are seven lessons.This is my __timetable__ (时刻表) for Monday.
6．To tell the truth，we could hardly t __olerate__ the surrounding net bars.
7．Almost every citizen is o __ptimistic__ about the success of the coming World Expo.
8．He g __uided__ the man through the streets to the railway station.
9．Duval could s __witch__ easily from French to English.
10．He can not buy it because of his l __ack__ of money.
Ⅱ．选词填空
fill in，speed up，on earth，bend over，take up，lose sight of，remind...of，persuade ...to ...，pick out，leave alone
1．What __on earth__ are you going to do in the coming weekend?
2. As I __bent over__，my fountain pen fell to the ground，broken.
3．If you want your free copy of the Patients’ Charter， __fill in__ this form.
4．He has finally __taken up__ the post of the society’s president.
5．Nothing on earth could __persuade__ me __to__ take his advice.
6．You should notice that your breathing has __speeded up__ a bit.
7．A railway station is no place for a child to be __left alone__ at night.
8．She was __picked out__ from thousands of applicants for the job.
9．He was __reminded of__ his father’s devotion to his garden.
10．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I __lost sight of__ it.
Ⅲ．用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks， __adding__ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here.
2．The meeting， __attended__ (attend) by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.
3．The missing boys were last seen __playing__ (play)near the river.
4．There was a terrible noise __following__ (follow) the sudden burst of light.
5．She stood in front of him，with her eyes __fixed__ (fix) on his face.
6．Football is played in more than 80 countries， __making__ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.
7．He stood there silently， __moved__ (move) to tears.
8．__Located__ (locate) in the central district，the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.
9．The park __surrounded__ (surround) by a river had a central pond with flowers floating in it.
10．__Disappointed__ (disappoint) at failing in the math exam，John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.
Ⅳ．完形填空
Under a very fearful storm, floods began to submerge(淹没)a small village.A priest(神父)in the church 1. __C__ and watched the flood submerge his knees.A lifeguard driving a boat came to 2. __B__ the priest and said，“Father, come on as soon as possible! 3. __C__ you will die in the flood ！” The priest said，“No ! I am 4. __D__ that God will save me.You can go to save others.”
But soon the 5. __A__ have come to the priest’s chest.At that time, a man was driving a speedboat to the priest.He said，“Father, come on, or you really will be submerged！”The priest said，“No, I would like to 6. __B__ my church.I 7. __C__ that God will save me.You’d better save others.”
And after a while, floods have submerged the 8. __D__ church. A helicopter flew over 9. __A__，_the pilot dropped a rope 10. __D__ and shouted，“Father, 11. __C__.This is the last 12. __D__ ！”Father firmly said, “No, I would like to keep my church! God will save me.”Rolling in the flood, the priest finally 13. __A__.
Father went to the heaven and asked God the question，“Lord, I give my life to 14. __B__ you.Why do you 15. __B__ to help me？” God said，“Are you 16. __D__ ？The first time I sent a boat to save you, you refused it—I thought you were 17. __C__ about the boat; the second time I sent a speedboat to go, you refused it too; the last time I sent a helicopter out, you were 18. __A__ to accept the results.Therefore, I thought you wanted to hurry back to my 19. __A__.”
In fact, too many obstacles in life mostly are caused by 20. __D__ and ignorance.
文章大意：本文讲述了一位固执的神父三次拒绝救助最后被洪水淹死的故事。这个故事告诫人们：人生路上的很多障碍都是由固执和无知造成的。
1．A．hesitated B．searched
C．prayed D．waited
解析：由语境并结合常识可知，洪水来了，神父应该在教堂里祈祷。pray“祈祷”，符合语境。
2．A．guide B．rescue
C．punish D．praise
解析：洪水来了，一个救生员驾驶小船来营救神父。
3．A．Instead B．Possibly
C．Otherwise D．Besides
解析：救生员让神父尽快上船，否则(Otherwise)神父会被淹死的。
4．A．kind B．selfish
C．uncertain D．confident
解析：神父很确信上帝会救他，因此让救生员去救别人。confident“确信的；有把握的”。故答案为D。
5．A．floods B．sights
C．speedboats D．lifeguards
解析：根据上文中的“...you will die in the flood”可知，不久洪水就到了神父的胸部。
6．A．ruin B．defend
C．repair D．decorate
解析：根据语境和常识可知，神父不走是为了要保卫教堂。defend“保卫”。
7．A．doubt B．admit
C．trust D．permit
解析：神父不走是因为他相信上帝会来救他的。trust“相信”。
8．A．ancient B．previous
C．deserted D．entire
解析：过了一会儿，洪水淹没了整个教堂。entire“全部的；整个的”。
9．A．slowly B．instantly
C．quietly D．frequently
解析：一架直升机慢慢地飞来，飞行员放下绳梯。
10．A．desk B．bench
C．basket D．ladder
解析：参见上题解析。rope ladder“绳梯”。故选D。
11．A．hang on B．give in
C．hurry up D．break out
解析：飞行员让神父快点上直升机，因为那是最后逃生的机会了。hang on“坚持下去；不挂断”；give in“屈服”；hurry up“赶快”；break out“爆发”。故选C。
12．A．decision B．fact
C．evidence D．chance
解析：参见上题解析。
13．A．died B．recovered
C．cried D．returned
解析：根据上句“Rolling in the flood”以及下文中神父到了天堂见到上帝可知，神父最后被淹死了。
14．A．call B．serve
C．remind D．warn
解析：神父问上帝，“上帝啊，我用生命来服务你，你为什么拒绝帮助我？”serve“服务”。故选B。
15．A．agree B．reject
C．avoid D．plan
解析：参见上题解析。
16．A．happy B．lucky
C．optimistic D．serious
解析：上帝回答道，“你是认真的吗？”serious“认真的”。故选D。
17．A．content B．curious
C．anxious D．crazy
解析：上帝认为神父对小船担忧，所以没有上船。anxious“担忧的”。
18．A．unwilling B．pleased
C．able D．frightened
解析：最后一次上帝派了直升机，但神父不愿意接受这样的结果。
19．A．side B．army
C．school D．work
解析：神父拒绝帮助，因此上帝认为他想要快点来到上帝身边。side“旁边”。故选A。
20．A．foolishness B．carelessness
C．weakness D．stubbornness
解析：事实上，一生中太多的障碍主要是由固执和无知造成的。foolishness“愚蠢”；carelessness“粗心”；weakness“弱点”；stubbornness“固执”。故选D。
Ⅴ．语法填空
The works Miyazaki(宫崎骏)has created have been called Japan’s answer to Disney movies.
Thought by many to be one of the world’s greatest living animators (动画师), Miyazaki, 76，announced his retirement in September 2014.But it was in July 20171. __that__ he confirmed he would return to turn his short film Boro the Caterpillar into a feature,2. __which__ is expected to be released in 2019, just before Tokyo hosts the 2020 Olympic Games.It was the seventh time that he 3. __had announced__ (announce) his return.
4．__Compared__ (compare) with Disney movie, Miyazaki’s works have their own style.For instance, his works have clear distinctions between 5. __what__ male and female characters can achieve and how they should look.According to The Atlantic, there are imaginary kingdoms and magical creatures in his movies.Meanwhile Miyazaki 6. __greatly__ (great) concerns social issues in real life.Earth’s fragility is one thing that he often features.He frequently focuses 7. __on/upon__ development and pollution.For example, in Princess Mononoke audiences 8. __are shown /showed__ (show) that villagers cut down forests to provide fuel for 9. __themselves__ (they)．The movie ends with a big battle between mankind and nature that hurts the planet seriously.
What issues will he cover in his next? We’ll have to wait until 2019 10. __to find__ (find) out.
文章大意：日本动画大师宫崎骏近日宣布将携最新作品重出江湖。这部作品有望于2020年东京奥运会之际上映。相比迪士尼动画，宫崎骏的动画有其自己的特色，他更加关注现实社会问题。
1．解析：考查强调句型。这是一个强调句，对时间状语in July 2017进行强调，强调句型为It is＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分，故用that。
2．解析：考查非限制性定语从句。 __2__ is expected to be released in 2019是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a feature，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which。
3．解析：考查固定用法。在This/That/It is/was the first/second...time ＋从句的句型中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，所以填had announced。
4．解析：考查非谓语动词。compare与其逻辑主语Miyazaki’s works之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，填Compared。
5．解析：考查宾语从句。 __5__ male and female characters can achieve是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，所以填what。
6．解析：考查副词。 修饰动词concerns，用副词，所以填greatly。
7．解析：考查固定搭配。他经常地关注发展和污染。focus on/upon“集中于”，所以填on/upon。
8．解析：考查语态。audiences与show之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，而且在一般现在时中，综上所述，应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，填are shown /showed。
9．解析：考查反身代词。村民们为了给他们自己提供燃料，砍伐森林。表示“他们自己”，所以填themselves。
10．解析：考查不定式。表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，所以填to find。
课件49张PPT。Unit 3　Life in the futureSection Ⅱ　Learning about Language自 主 预 习
Ⅰ．短语互译
1．_____________ 按下
2．___________ 加速
3．search for ________
4．be lacking in ________
press down　
speed up　寻找　缺乏　Ⅱ．语法感悟
用所给词的适当形式填空，并指出其在句中的功能。
1．___________ (worry) about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.( 原因状语 )
2．_______________ (well know) for their expertise，his parents’ company， __________ (call) “Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.( 原因状语；后置定语 )
3．Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage __________ (drive) by computer.( 后置定语 )Worried　Well-known　called　driven　合 作 探 究(1) v.
①(尤指人的身体或头部) (使) 倾斜；偏向
She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor.
她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。
②(使四肢等) 弯曲
Touch your toes without bending your knees.
用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。
核 心 词 汇1．bend v．&n.③把……弄弯(或折起)
It’s hard to bend an iron bar.
把铁棒弄弯很不容易。
④(使) 拐弯；弯曲
The road bends to the right after a few yards.
这条路在几码远的地方转向右方。
(2) n. [C](尤指道路或河流的) 拐弯；弯道
①I can’t see if there is a car coming because there is a bend in the road.
我看不见是否有小汽车开过来，因为路上有个拐弯。
②There is a sharp bend in the road here.
这段路上有一处急转弯。bend one’s mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事；专心致志于某事
bend sb.to sth.迫使；说服
①He couldn’t bend his mind to his studies.
他不能专心学习。
②She tried to bend her husband to her wishes.
她设法使丈夫顺从她的愿望。单句语法填空
A good exercise for the heart is ___________ (bend) down and helping someone to get up.bending　(1) n.沙漠；荒漠
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert: gravel, stones and rocks.
海拔4 000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石、石块和岩石。2．desert(2) vt.抛弃；遗弃；离弃
①The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine.
价格上涨导致许多读者放弃了这本杂志。
②He has been deserted by most of his advisers.
他的大多数顾问都弃他而去。
③He deserted his job for his dream.
他为了自己的梦想抛弃了工作。
deserted adj.空寂无人的
desertion n．抛弃；放弃
dessert n．甜点；甜食；甜品The man who was deserted in the desert was eager to get some dessert to eat，and later he found a deserted hut.
被抛弃在沙漠里的那个人渴望弄些甜点吃，后来他发现了一个无人居住的小屋。单句语法填空
①To avoid being punished，he had to __________ (desert) his wife and children，and went to a ____________ (desert) island for the rest of his life.
②Mrs Roding’s husband ____________ (desert) her years ago.
③Because of his _____________ (desert)，his company was completely destroyed by a big fire.desert　deserted　deserted　desertion　①He speeds up to catch up with the car running ahead.
他加速为赶上在前面行驶的那辆汽车。
②Obviously，a good learning habit can help us speed up to reach our destinations.
显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加速达到我们的目标。
③Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.
充足的新鲜空气和锻炼将加速他的康复。重 点 短 语1．speed up加速 (1) speed by飞逝，(时间) 很快地过去
(2) speed n．速度
at a speed of...以……的速度
at low/high/top/full speed以低速/高速/最高速/全速
gain/pick up/gather speed加快速度①Days sped by and soon it was time to go back to work.
几天转眼过去，很快又到了回去上班的时候。
②How did the accident come about since he drove at a speed of thirty miles per hour?
既然他以每小时30英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？
③Our time is enough.You needn’t drive at full speed.
我们的时间充足，你不必全速行驶。
④Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.
一出车站，火车就开始加速。补全句子
①I had already taken steps to ___________ (加速) a solution to the problem.
解析：句意：我已经采取措施加快解决该问题。表示“加速”，要用speed up。speed up　单句语法填空
②We’d better speed ______ if we want to be there on time.
③The car turned east ______ full speed.
④The car is traveling ______ a speed of 40 mph.
⑤Two months had sped ______ before he knew.
up　at　at　by　(1) 精心挑选
①She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.
从数千人中挑选出她来做这份工作。
②We had a lot of fun picking out a present for Mary.
我们觉得为玛丽选礼物很有趣。2．pick out(2) 认出来；辨别出
①It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.
那小舍坐落在山边，隐约可见。
②She was able to pick out her attacker from these people.
她能够从这些人中辨认出袭击她的人。
pick over用心挑选；筛选
pick off去除；剪除①He picked over the tomatoes，looking for the ripest ones.
他把西红柿拿起来仔细看，要挑选最熟的。
②Pick over the beans carefully in case there are any stones among them.
把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。
③Don’t pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。补全句子
①电影院里太黑我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。
It was so dark in the cinema ___________________________ my friend.
单句语法填空
②The child was so unique.Though he was lost in the crowd，I easily picked him _______.that I could hardly pick out　out　单 元 语 法过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”，即“被动关系”。过去分词短语作条件、原因以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
过去分词作状语Ⅰ．过去分词作状语时的功能
1) 原因状语
①Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
②Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didn’t dare sleep in her room.
被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。
2) 时间状语
①Asked why he did it，the monitor said it was his duty.
当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
②Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless.
在黑暗中走近时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。3) 条件状语和假设状语
①Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
②Given better attention，the accident could have been avoided.
要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。
4) 方式状语或伴随状语
①Surrounded by his students，the professor sat there cheerfully.
那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
②He stood there silently，moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。5) 让步状语
①Beaten by the police，sent to jail，Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance.
尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
②Defeated again，he did not lose heart.
尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
6) 独立成分(插入语)
①Given good weather，our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening.
假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
②Put frankly，I don’t agree with what he said.
坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。Ⅱ．与状语从句的转换
1) 过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.
→When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.
从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
2) 作条件状语，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。
Given more time，she would certainly have done much better.
→If she had been given more time，she would certainly have done much better.
如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。
3) 作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。
The children，exhausted，fell asleep at once.
→As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once.
由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。
4) 作让步状语，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。
Although exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.
→Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。
5) 作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.
→He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
6) 作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。
Aunt Wu came in，followed by her daughter.
→Aunt Wu came in，and (she) was followed by her daughter.
吴大娘走进来，(她) 后面跟着她的女儿。1) 现在分词与过去分词作状语在“逻辑”方面的差异：
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语最主要的区别在于两者与所修饰的主语是主动还是被动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
①Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
②Not knowing what to do，he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2) 现在分词与过去分词作状语在“时间”方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done) 表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done) 表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动”动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for短语) 连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，使句式更简洁。
①Written in a hurry，this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
②Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.
他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
③Having been discussed several times，the decision was finally made.
进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。
3) 部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态) ；seated(坐) ；hidden(躲) ；stationed(驻扎) ；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于) ；dressed in(穿着) ；tired of(厌烦) 等。
①Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，he didn’t hear the sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
②Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
4) 过去分词用作状语时，前面往往带有when，if，while，though，even if等连词，这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句，句中省略的部分总是“主语＋be的相应变化形式”，省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。
①When given a medical examination，you should keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
②Because beaten twice a day，he was too afraid to go home.
因为一天被打了两次，他太恐惧了以至于不敢回家。
5) 分词(短语) 作状语时，其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词(短语) 就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示) 。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。
①The signal given，the bus started.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
②The football match (being) over，crowds of people poured out into the street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到了大街上。
帮学助记
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing，被动用-ed，having done表先后，千万要牢记。单句语法填空
1. (高考真题改编) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment， ____________ (allow) more patients to be treated.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备，更多的病人能够得到治疗。前句这个医院得到了新的医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。equipment与allow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词的一般式。故填allowing。allowing　2．(高考真题改编) ___________ (order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
解析：考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为) 那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order books/books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...。
3．(天津卷改编) ____________ (absorb) in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
解析：考查过去分词。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in“全神贯注于”，在句中作状语。故填Absorbed。Ordered　Absorbed　4．(天津卷改编) Clearly and thoughtfully ___________ (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因为清晰周到地被写出来，这本书鼓舞了想寻找自己答案的学生的自信心。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。
5．(江西卷改编) _______________ (spend) nearly all our money，we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：花光了我们差不多所有的钱，我们住不起旅馆了。动词spend与主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；又动作spend发生在主句动作couldn’t afford之前，所以用having done形式作状语，表示主动，强调完成。written　Having spent　用分词改写句子
1．We have been told to read the book.It was written by a news reporter.
_______________________________________________________
2．We have been very satisfied with the service in the space hotel.It was recommended by Li Qing.
_____________________________________________________________________________ We have been told to read the book written by a news reporter.　
We have been very satisfied with the service in the space hotel recommended by Li Qing.　3．After she was accused of stealing the mobile phone in the office，she found that all her friends deserted her.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4．Because she is worried about the missing child，she finds it difficult to go to work these days.
________________________________________________________________
5．As she was supported by her family，she decided to settle in the northwest of China.
________________________________________________________________Accused of stealing the mobile phone in the office，she found that all her friends deserted her.　
Worried about the missing child，she finds it difficult to go to work these days.　
Supported by her family，she decided to settle in the northwest of China.　巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业Unit 3　Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．We __recycle__ (回收) waste materials such as used bottles and sheets of paper, so that they can be used again.
2．A __greedy__ (贪婪的) man is never content.He wants to have more of something such as food or money than is necessary.
3．Representatives of the two companies will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a __settlement__ (协议)．
4．The __instant__ (瞬间) he got the news, Mr Wang hurried out of his house, and drove all the way to the hospital.
5．Because of these qualities, they were __optimistic__ (乐观的) that he would be successful.
6．Having __swallowed__ (吞下) the fruit, the girl in the story became pregnant and later gave birth to a handsome boy.
7．Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong __motivation__ (动机) is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
8．He had the idea that he could use different shapes to __represent__ (代表) different objects.
9．She married an American and became a US __citizen__ (公民)．
10．Don’t throw the waste everywhere.Please put it into the __dustbin__ (垃圾箱)．
Ⅱ．选词填空
take up，remind...of，catch sight of，speed up，suffer from，lose sight of，in no time，sweep up，slide into，be back on one’s feet
1．Residents are encouraged to __sweep up__ and throw away leaves found on their property and in the gutter，especially during the windy season.
2．He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he __took up__ English.
3．Why don’t you dance? It’s easy.You can learn __in no time__.
4．Ice shelves are able to prevent some glaciers from __sliding into__ the ocean.
5．Helen let out a shrill cry when she __caught sight of__ a snake.
6．This story __reminds__ me __of__ my childhood.
7．Most of the important cities of the world __suffered from__ traffic jam.
8．His divorce cost him a fortune and it took three years to __be back on his feet__.
9．Dad stepped on the gas and the car __sped up__ to 150 kph.
10．My grandson watched the plane go higher and higher until he __lost sight of__ it.
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．Tim is so greedy with knowledge that he reads every book available.( with→for )
2．Filling with shame，the boy lowered his head，ready for the punishment from his dad.( Filling→Filled )
3．In front of our house stand a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years，which is protected by the government now.( stand→stands )
4．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment which they live.( which→where )
5．I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice instant I picked up the phone.( instant→instantly或在instant前加the )
Unit 3　Section Ⅲ
[练案9]
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Long ago __enormous__ (巨大的) animals lived on the earth.
2．The people in both countries are overjoyed about the peaceful __settlement__ (解决)of dispute.
3．He is __imitating__ (模仿) what I’m doing.
4．What’s the __postage__ (邮资) on this parcel?
5．We use high-quality raw __material__ (材料) for our goods.
6．Don’t throw the waste away.Put it into the __dustbin__ (垃圾箱)．
7．The polluted water has changed the __ecology__ (生态)of the whole area.
8．Always chew food well before __swallowing__ (吞咽) it.
9．She stared at the diamonds with __greedy__ (贪婪的) eyes.
10．This envelope is made from __recycled__ (再生) paper.
Ⅱ．选词填空
be absorbed in，the instant，be amazed at，turn into，swallow up，dispose of，be representative of，show around，be greedy for，reach a settlement
1．They __are representative of__ the interests of the people.
2．Natives __were amazed at__ the sudden appearance of this white stranger.
3．When I saw him，he __was absorbed in__ the book.
4．She called the police __the instant__ he left.
5．The ancient consumer city was now __turned into__ a modern industrial base.
6．They were taken to the garden and __shown around__.
7．His brother is a young man who __is greedy for__ success.
8．She was __swallowed up__ by the crowd and we lost sight of her.
9．The headmaster __reached a settlement__ with the parents whose children were injured in the schoolyard.
10．What is the best way to __dispose of__ used batteries?
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．He couldn’t tolerate interrupted by her again and again during the report, so they quarreled at last.
__tolerate后加being__
解析：tolerate doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“容忍做某事”，此处指“他不能容忍被她一次又一次地打断”，故要用动词-ing形式的被动式。
2．My parents are proud of which I have done to help the poor.
__which→what__
解析：句意：我父母对我为贫困者所做的事情感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知，这里是介词of后跟宾语从句，引导词同时在从句中充当have done的宾语，故使用what引导该宾语从句。
3．A seven-day TV ad campaign could swallow over the best part of $100,000.
__over→up__
解析：句意：7天的电视广告宣传能把100,000美元基本用光。swallow up意为“用光(金钱或资源)”。
4．The famous film star Li Bingbing got off the plane, surrounding by her fans.
__surrounding→surrounded__
解析：句意：著名影星李冰冰从飞机上下来，被她的粉丝包围着。此处应用动词-ed形式作伴随状语，本句相当于The famous film star Li Bingbing got off the plane and she was surrounded by her fans.，故将surrounding改为surrounded。
5．Did you know that people used to call Stamford “The Lock City”？ That’s why Yale had its lock factories here.
__why→because__
解析：句意：你知道人们过去称斯坦福德为“锁城”吗？那是因为耶鲁曾在这里开了锁厂。此处表示原因，而不是结果，故应用because引导表语从句。
6．As the food in our canteen lacks of variety, many of us choose to eat outside the school.
__去掉lacks后的of__
解析：句意：由于我们餐厅的食物缺乏多样性，我们中的很多人都选择到校外吃饭。lack表示“缺少”时是及物动词，可以直接跟宾语，不需要加介词。
7．Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the speech contest and made full preparations for it.
__Inspiring→Inspired__
解析：句意：受到老师的鼓励，我报名参加了演讲比赛，并作了充分的准备。分析句子结构可知，inspire与主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动意义，即“受到鼓励”，故使用动词-ed形式作状语。
8．According to a recent survey，about 25 percent of college students has part-time jobs.
__has→have__
解析：句意：根据近来的一项调查，大约有25%的大学生都有兼职工作。当“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和名词的单复数保持一致，故把has改为have。
9．Nowadays many young boys had the habit of playing computer games, though they are faced with stress of study.
__had→have__
解析：句意：现在许多年轻的男孩都有玩电脑游戏的习惯，尽管他们面临着学习的压力。根据句意可知，此处描述的是现在的一种事实情况，故应该使用一般现在时。
10．I took his advice on the project, it turned out to be wise.
__it→which/it前面加and__
解析：句意：我采纳了他有关这个工程的建议，结果证明这是明智的。分析句子结构可知，逗号前后为两个完整的句子，若逗号后的部分是非限制性定语从句，则要用which代替主句描述的整件事情；若把逗号后的部分看作一个完整的分句，则应在it前加上连词and。
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．小心不要徒手去拿热煤块。
Take care not to __take up__ the hot coals with your bare hands.
2．大风把街上的树叶一扫而光。
The strong wind __swept up__ the leaves off the street.
3．几乎是一刹那间，那个东西在我的眼前消失了。
Almost in a flash，I __lost sight of__ the creature.
4．他上学迟到是因为交通严重堵塞。
He was late for school __as a result of__ a serious traffic jam.
5．第105号订单所订货物我们要急用，请你们加快装船速度。
The order No.105 is so urgently required that we have to ask you to __speed up__ shipment.
Ⅴ．阅读理解
A
Whether in the home or the workplace，social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way，said Cynthia Breazeal，chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework，social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.For example，these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
The Jibo robot，arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant.You can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests for it to perform different tasks.The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the house-hold.It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.
Social robots are not just finding their way into the home.They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.
Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market.The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store，which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store.It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.
The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns.But Oshbot，like other social robots，is not intended to replace workers，but to work alongside other employees.“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us，but with us，” said Breazeal.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是社交机器人未来的发展情况。无论是在家里还是在工作场所，社交机器人将在未来的几年中变得更为常见。
1．How are social robots different from household robots？ __B__
A．They can control their emotions.
B．They are more like humans.
C．They do the normal housework.
D．They respond to users more slowly.
解析：细节理解题，根据第一段中的“Social robots are...in a more humanized way”和第二段内容可知，社交机器人更人性化。
2．What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3？ __D__
A．Communicate with you and perform operations.
B．Answer your questions and make requests.
C．Take your family pictures and deliver milk.
D．Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.
解析：细节判断题。根据第三段最后一句话可知，Jibo机器人服从命令，并能提醒你按时吃药。
3．What can Oshbot work as？ __C__
A．A language teacher. B．A tour guide.
C．A shop assistant. D．A private nurse.
解析：细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The company’s’Oshbot’robot is built to assist customers in a store”可知，Oshbot机器人可以作为店员帮助顾客查找需要的东西。
4．We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will __B__.
A．train employees B．be our workmates
C．improve technologies D．take the place of workers
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Oshbot，like other social robots...but to work alongside other employees.”可知，社交机器人将会成为我们的同事，和我们一起工作。
B
Every girl dreams and Li Xie is no exception.She has read dozens of books on how to be a ballerina.Lake is her favorite.She hopes one day her dream will come true.She has taken ballet lessons and all her teachers confirm she is a good student.
One day she saw an advertisement that a famous ballerina troupe(演出团) will be performing in her hometown.Her thoughts ran wild, “I must meet up with the leader of the troupe and show him my skills.” she murmured to herself.
She dressed herself in her ballerina costume and managed to avoid the guards and hid in the dressing room.To her luck，the leader entered and she timidly knocked at the door.She bravely approached him and handed him a bunch of red roses and in her excitement the thorns(刺) pricked her hand but she did not make any complaints about the pain.The leader observed her action as she told him her dream.“Alright, you dance and I will give you my verdict(评审意见)．” But half way through the dance he stopped her and said, “I’m sorry you’re not good enough！” On hearing this, Li Xie ran as fast as her legs could carry her and was ashamed.She gave up her dream.
Many years later, she heard that the same ballet troupe was performing in her town again.Bitter memories of the leader’s unpleasant words came flooding back to her.This time she was determined to find out why the leader had told her she was not good enough when all her teachers thought otherwise.
This was his reply, “I tell this to every student.” She angrily talked back, “You’ve ruined my life！” Then she got a further shock, “I remember your gift of roses and how the thorns had pricked your fingers but you carried on bravely.If you only had treated ballet like that and did not give up so easily; therefore, you still deserve my verdict！”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个怀揣梦想渴望成为专业芭蕾舞演员的女孩在追逐梦想的过程中遭遇一次批评的打击后，放弃了她的梦想。
5．According to the whole passage, which of the following can best describe the character of the girl？ __D__
A．Full of flame but stubborn. B．Professional but argumentative.
C．Childish and narrow-minded. D．Easy to quit and undetermined.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If you only had treated ballet like that and did not give up so easily; therefore, you still deserve my verdict！”可知，这个女孩失败的原因是她轻言放弃，不坚持。因此选D。
6．According to the story, what can be inferred from the fourth paragraph？ __B__
A．The girl wanted to pay the leader back for his unpleasant words.
B．The girl recalled the bitter comments of the leader on her performance.
C．The memories were so unbearable that the girl wanted to forget.
D．The girl recognized the performance as her another chance to succeed.
解析：推理判断题。根据“Bitter memories of the leader’s unpleasant words came flooding back to her.”可知，当这个芭蕾舞表演团又一次来到她的村镇时，她再一次想起了那名领导严苛激烈的评论，她决定去问清楚为什么在其他老师都认为她优秀的情况下，这名领导会批评她。故选B。
7．The leader said “you still deserve my verdict” again at last because the leader thought that __C__.
A．her ballet skills weren’t still good enough to win his recognition
B．she was supposed to be brave enough just like the thorny rose
C．she should learn to stick to her dreams and not to be defeated easily
D．she was not meant to be an outstanding ballerina of this troupe
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If you only had treated ballet like that and did not give up so easily; therefore, you still deserve my verdict！”可知，这名领导认为即使花刺伤了她的手她仍然勇敢地来展现她自己，但是却在一两句批评以后轻易放弃了自己的梦想，是她的不够坚持让她依然能够得到这个批评。选C。
8．What does the text mainly want to tell us？ __C__
A．A good medicine tastes bitter. B．More haste, less speed.
C．Never do things by halves. D．Pride hurts, modesty benefits.
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要就是强调这个女孩轻易放弃，半途而废而未能实现自己的梦想。因此C选项最能表达文章主旨大意。
Ⅵ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’ve learned of a teaching assistant for foreign teachers is wanted in your school.I’m writing to apply for a job.
First, having been exposing to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate free with others in English.What’s more, years of experience of being monitor make me a brilliant organizer, that will help a lot to keep the class in order. The most important factor is that I love kids, but I’m confident that my patience and cares will win their trust.
All in all, I thought my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified teaching assistant. I’d appreciate if you could take my application into consideration.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’ve learned of a teaching assistant for foreign teachers is wanted in your school.I’m writing to apply for  job.
First, having been  to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate  with others in English.What’s more, years of experience of being monitor  me a brilliant organizer,  will help a lot to keep the class in order. The most important factor is that I love kids,  I’m confident that my patience and  will win their trust.
All in all, I  my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified teaching assistant. I’d appreciate  if you could take my application into consideration.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
课件62张PPT。Unit 3　Life in the futureSection Ⅲ 　Using Language自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1．__________ (n.) 沙漠；荒原
2．___________ (n.) 公民；居民；市民
3．__________ (n.) 打字员→ ________ (v.) 打字→ ______________ (n.) 打字机
4．___________ (n.) 邮资
5．___________ (n.) 瞬间；片刻(adj.) 立即的；立刻的
6．____________ (n.) 接受者；接收器；电话听筒→ ___________ (v.) 接收
7．___________ (n.) 生态学；生态desert　
citizen　
typist　type　typewriter　postage　
instant　
receiver　receive　ecology　8．__________ (adj.) 贪婪的；贪吃的；贪心的
→ _________ (n.) 贪婪；贪心
9．___________ (vt.) 吞下；咽下
10．____________ (n.) 原料；材料
11．___________ (vt.) 回收利用；再利用
12．__________________ (n.) 代表；典型人物(adj.) 典型的；有代表性的
→ _____________ (vt.) 代表；象征
13．______________ (n.) 定居；解决
→ __________ (v.) 解决；定居
14．______________ n.动机greedy　
greed　
swallow　
material　
recycle　
representative　
represent　
settlement　
settle　
motivation　Ⅱ．短语互译
(1) ___________ 究竟
(2) ___________ 加速
(3) _____________________ 使某人想起某事
(4) ____________________________ 说服某人不要做某事
(5) _______________________ 与……联系
(6) under repair ____________
(7) in space ____________
(8) blame...for... __________________
(9) stare at ____________
(10) be absorbed by ________________ on earth　
speed up　
remind sb.of sth.　
persuade sb.not to do sth.　
be connected to...　　在维修中　
在太空中　
　　因……责备……　
盯；凝视　
　　　被……所吸引　Ⅲ．句型结构
_____________ an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。Inside was　Ⅳ．课文理解
(Ⅰ) 阅读课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why does the space station spin slowly in space？ ______
A．To look more beautiful.
B．To look for something worth researching.
C．To imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
D．To get away from the earth’s gravity.
2．How do the space citizens send their messages？ ______
A．By using a typewriter. B．By using letters.
C．By using postcards. D．By using a “thoughtpad”．C　D　3．Which of the following shows the right order to use a “thoughtpad”？ ______
a．Clean your mind.
b．The message is sent.
c．You place the metal band over your head.
d．Press the sending button.
e．Think your message.
A．a，c，b，e，d B．c，a，d，e，b
C．c，a，e，d，b D．a，b，c，d，eB　
4．It can be inferred from the passage that in the 31st century ______.
A．no rubbish will be produced
B．the environment will become better
C．there will be no desert
D．people can use plastic bags within limits
5．Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century？ ______
A．The robots. B．The managers.
C．The spacemen. D．The spaceships.
B　A　(Ⅱ) 课文语法填空
The space station the first time I visited was considered 1. _______ most modern in space.2. _____________ (describe) as an enormous round plate，the station，with an exhibition of the most up-to-date 3. ______________ (invention) of the 31st century inside，spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
With a guide showing us around along a 4. ____________ (move) path，we first viewed one of the latest forms of communication among the space citizens.They use a “thoughtpad” 5. __________ (send) messages，which is quick，efficient and environmentally 6. ____________ (friend) ．The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly，an unclear message may be sent.the　Described　inventions　moveable　to send　friendly　And then in the “environment area”，a giant machine，always greedy 7. _______ more，swallows all the waste available，8. _________ is turned into several grades of useful material. So nothing is wasted，and everything，even plastic bags，is recycled.
At last, the guide showed the changes 9. _____________ (happen) in work practices. Manufacturing only takes place on space stations.However，the representatives of the companies have to 10. _____________ (train) to live and work in space settlements，who have to monitor the robots and the production.for　which　happening　be trained　寻规巧记词合 作 探 究(1) adj. 立即的；即刻的；立刻的
①Kahoot software can provide students with instant feedback，including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.
Kahoot软件可以为学生提供即时反馈，包括他们的优势和劣势的报告。
②This type of account offers you instant access to your money.
这种帐户允许你即时支取存款。
③Contrary to expectations，the film was an instant success.
与预期相反，这部电影一上演就立即获得了成功。核 心 词 汇1．instant(2) n. 瞬息；顷刻；片刻；瞬间
①In an instant her mood has changed.
顷刻间她的情绪就变了。
②The boy froze for an instant，then fled.
那个男孩愣了片刻，然后就逃跑了。
(1) the instant＝as soon as 一……就……
(2) 用于表达“一……就……”含义的词或短语还有：
immediately/directly/instantly作连词时引导的时间状语从句
the moment/the second/the year/the hour...等引导的时间状语从句
“Hardly＋过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时”的结构
“No sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋一般过去时”的结构
“at＋名词”，“on/upon＋(动) 名词”，表示“一听/看/想到……就……”
I recognized her the instant I saw her.
我一眼就认出她了。单句语法填空
①As technology continues to advance，we must learn and adapt _____________ (instant) or we’ll risk becoming a dinosaur.
②For ______ instant his heart seemed to stop beating.
补全句子
③她一生病，就会立即求助于她的私人医生。
________________________，she would immediately turn to her private doctor.instantly　an　The instant she fell ill　(1) 吞下，咽下；做吞咽动作
①The snake swallowed a frog.
那条蛇吞下了一只青蛙。
②He swallowed his ice tea hurriedly.
他匆忙地喝下冰茶。2．swallow v.(2) 吞没；淹没；侵吞
①I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness.
我看着她沿着公路越走越远，直至消失在黑暗中。
②Large areas of countryside have been swallowed up by towns.
大片大片的乡村地区被城镇吞噬。
(3) 不流露；掩饰
①You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.
你得放下架子，去求人家恢复你的工作。
②She swallowed hard and told him the bad news.
她硬下心把坏消息告诉了他。swallow up吞噬；卷进；吞没；花光(钱) ；耗尽
swallow one’s pride忍辱含垢；丢下自尊补全句子
①Jane was soon _______________ (淹没) in the crowd.
解析：句意：简很快被淹没在人群中。swallow up“吞没；耗尽”，符合句意。
单句语法填空
②The waves swallowed ______ the swimmer.
③Soon the extra cash was _____________ (swallow) up.
④You are asked _____________ (swallow) a capsule containing vitamin B．swallowed up　up　swallowed　to swallow　①He is a greedy little boy.
他是一个贪吃的小男孩。
②It was greedy of them to eat up all the apples.
他们把所有的苹果都吃光了，真贪婪。3．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；渴望的be greedy for... 渴望得到……
be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事
It is/was greedy of sb.to do sth.
做某事对于某人来讲真是贪婪
greed n．贪婪①Greedy folks have long arms.
心贪手长。
②The students are greedy for knowledge.
学生们对知识如饥似渴。
③It was greedy of them to take those bribes.
他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。
单句语法填空
①The students are greedy _______ knowledge.
②It was greedy ______ them to eat up all these delicious dishes.
③We should be greedy ___________ (enjoy) the sunshine each day.
单句改错
④It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.
_________________
⑤I’m greedy to a glass of water.
___________ for　of　to enjoy　第一个for→of　to→for　(1) adj. 典型的；有代表性的
①Is the questionnaire truly representative of the population as a whole?
这项调查能真正代表所有民众吗？
②The latest incident is representative of a larger trend.
最近的事件代表了一个更大的趋势。
(2) n. 代表；代理人
He is an elected representative of the people.
他是人民选出的代表。4．representative adj.&n.(1) a representative for...……的代理人
be representative of...代表……
(2) representvt.代表；描绘
represent sth.to sb.把……描述给……单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) “This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is _______________ (represent) in their brains，”Dr. Livingstone says.
解析：考查从句的谓语动词。 句意：利文斯通博士说：“这表明在他们的大脑中有某种方式来表示数量。”represent v．“代表；描绘”。
represented　
②It is an honour for him _______________ (represent) his fellow workers to speak at the meeting.
解析：句意：他很荣幸代表同事在会上发言。It is an honour for sb.to do sth.“某人很荣幸做某事”。
③The latest incident is representative ______ a wider trend.
④The study was carried out in one small school，so it is uncertain whether the result is truly _________________ (represent) ．
to represent　of　representative　①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have report increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
近年来，努纳尤特的一些因纽特人报告看见在人类住区周围熊的增加，导致人们相信熊的数量正在增加。
②Can you come up with the settlement of conflicts?
你能想出解决矛盾的办法吗？5．settlement n. 定居点；(解决纷争的) 协议；解决；处理settle v. 定居；解决；决定；处理
settle down 安居
settle up 付清，了结
settle in 搬入新居
settle down to sth.安定下来做某事单句语法填空
①The ______________ (settle) is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
②With so many problems ____________ (settle)，the newly elected president is having a hard time.
解析：考查with复合结构。句意：如此多的问题要决，这个新选举的总统处境艰难。“有许多问题要解决”，settle表示将来的动作，且主语president与settle之间为主动关系，故用动词不定式的主动形式。settlement　to settle　①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
然而，如果别人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些奖励，那么我的动机在哪里真的重要吗？
②They lacked the motivation to study.
他们缺乏学习的积极性。6．motivation n．刺激；动机；积极性；干劲motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励
motivate sb.(to do...) 激起某人(做……) 单句语法填空
① The stronger the ______________ (motivate) for acquiring language skills is，the more quickly a language beginner will learn.
② _____________ (motivate) by love，he expected nothing in return.
③His desire for greatness motivated him __________ (work) harder every day.motivation　Motivated　to work　①The man was no more.
那人死了。
②Such a practice was no more.
这种习俗已经不存在了。
③The ship sank below the waves and was seen no more.
船沉到了波涛下，再也看不见了。重 点 短 语1．no more 不复存在；不再(1) no more意为“不再”时可分为not...any more，与no longer同义。
①They used to be good friends but don’t like each other any more.
他们过去是好朋友，但现在已不再是了。
②He no longer lives here.(＝He doesn’t live here any longer.)
他已不住在这儿了。(2) no more than“仅仅”，相当于only，含有嫌少之意，而not more than意为“比……少”，无嫌少之意。
①(2019·天津卷) Performance：A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long.
表演：一场戏剧性的主题演讲，篇幅不超过10分钟。
②There were not more than 100 people present at the meeting.
有不到100人参加了此次会议。(3) no more...than意为“两者都不”。
①This book is no more interesting than that one.I want to read neither of them.
这本书和那本书一样没趣，我都不想读。
②He is no more capable of speaking English than I am.
他和我都不会讲英语。补全句子
His entire school education added up to ______________ (不多于) one year.no more than　①It’s rude to stare at others.
盯着他人看是不礼貌的。
②The visitor stared at the painting.
那个参观者凝视着那幅画。2．stare at 盯着看；凝视glance at，stare at，glare at
①The little girl stared at the toys in the window.
小女孩盯着窗内的玩具。
②He glared at the man who had killed his father.
他怒视着那个杀死他父亲的人。选词填空(stare at，glare at，look at，glance at)
①I ____________ this problem from a different viewpoint.
② ______________ the watch，she told him the time.
③He ____________ the words in complete puzzlement.
④“You can go if you want，but I’m staying，” Denise said， ___________ him.looked at　Glancing at　stared at　glaring at　此句为简单句。表示方位的副词inside置于句首，句子用完全倒装。难 点 解 析Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。表示方位的副词或介词短语，如here，there，up，down，in, away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首时，常引起完全倒装句。另外now，then也有同样用法。
①Under a big tree sat a boy reading a book.
大树下坐着一个男孩，正在读书。
②Out rushed the children.
孩子们冲出去了。
③Away flew the plane.
飞机飞走了。
④Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。注意：①表方位的副词或介词短语提前，当主语是代词时，不倒装。
In he came.
他进来了。
②若提前的部分有no，never，few, hardly 等否定结构时，不管主语是否为代词，都应用倒装结构。
补全句子
①昨天出席晚会的有我们的英语老师。
Present at the evening party ________________________ yesterday.
②路边站着很多人。
On the roadside _____________________.was our English teacher　stood a lot of people　写 作 探 究1．本单元的话题为“未来生活的想象”，常涉及的内容有：
(1) 社会保障问题，如：看病；高度发达的物质环境为人类提供了充分的保障。
(2) 饮食问题，如：人类经过进化，饮食结构是否有变化。
(3) 生活环境问题，如：高度发达的科技是加重了污染还是有助于治理甚至消除污染。
(4) 娱乐问题，如：未来的人类主要依靠的娱乐设施。
想象类作文的写作
2．常用词汇及句型
(1) 描述话题常用的词汇有：
dream about梦想　on the Internet从因特网上　go shopping购物　go to see the doctor看病　pollution污染　robot机器人　computer计算机
(2) 描述此话题常用的句型有：
I often dream about...我时常梦想……
Perhaps we will be able to...也许我们能够……
Robots can help us...机器人能帮我们……
We will be able to live on other stars.
我们将能够生活在其他星球上。
Travel will be easier to us because...
旅行将会更容易，因为……
实战演练
假设你是高二学生李华，你们班组织了一场英文演讲比赛，题目为“Life in 2050”。 请你据此写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1．电话和电脑将会由太阳能或风能充电；
2．我们将穿由特殊材料做成的衣服；
3．……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Life in 2050
What will our life in 2050 be like? No one knows for sure but it’s certain that it will change a lot.In my opinion, in our life，mobile phones and computers will be more and more popular and they will be powered by solar or wind energy because more energy should be saved.What’s more, we will wear clothes made of special materials, which can change their colours and temperatures as we require.Some people will be likely to go to the moon for a holiday, and some scientists will live under the sea. As we all know，many people don’t like doing housework.32 years later, each family will have a robot using renewable energy.
In conclusion, life in 2050 will not be quite like what it is now.名师点评：
单词：power，renewable
短语：be likely to，as we all know，in conclusion
句式：which引导定语从句(which can change their colours and temperatures as we require) ；动词-ing形式作后置定语(using renewable energy)巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业课件18张PPT。Unit 3　Life in the future学习目标展示背景知识链接
Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil (邪恶的) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly.The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener，who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论)，put it this way: “If we use，to achieve our purposes，a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预)，we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.For the machine，this quality is not in-born，nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee，it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.If we are not careful，then，we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined，super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own，with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists.Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall，using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.Unfortunately，that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans，let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines.But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand，as it has been by some AI researchers.Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen.On September 11,1933，famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated，with confidence，“Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However，on September 12,1933，physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced (中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.文章大意：本文主要介绍了人工智能有可能摆脱人的控制，人工智能的安全问题有可能得到解决，但困难重重。
1．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ______.
A．run out of human control B．satisfy human’s real desires
C．command armies of killer robots D．work faster than a mathematician
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.”可知，人工智能可能会变得非常擅长完成目标，而这些目标可能不是人们真正想要的，所以人工智能有可能摆脱人的控制。A　2．Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to ______.
A．prevent themselves from being destroyed
B．achieve their original goals independently
C．do anything successfully with given orders
D．beat humans in international chess matches
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A machine with a specific purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things：a wish to preserve its own existence.”可知，智能机器可能会为保护自己的存在而阻止自己被摧毁。A　3．According to some researchers，we can use firewalls to ______.
A．help super intelligent machines work better
B．be secure against evil human beings
C．keep machines from being harmed
D．avoid robots’ affecting the world
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall，using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.”可知，有些研究者认为可用防火墙防止机器人影响世界。D　4．What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines？ ______
A．It will disappear with the development of AI.
B．It will get worse with human interference.
C．It will be solved but with difficulty.
D．It will stay for a decade.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.”可知，人工智能的安全问题有可能得到解决，但又困难重重。
C