高中英语人教版必修5 Unit 4　Making the news（课件+随堂练习）（10份打包）

Unit 4　Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．In my opinion, her brave deeds are __admirable__ (值得赞扬的)．
2．Mother was cleaning the room； __meanwhile__ (期间，同时)，father was watching TV.
3．She is a very __gifted__ (有天赋的)girl for music.She can play the piano very well though she is very young.
4．The judge announced the man was not __guilty__ (有罪的)and then he was set free.
5．To their __delight__ (高兴)，their son was admitted into a famous university.
6．In the next few days, I’ll __submit__ (提交) a budget to congress.
7．She is one of my __colleagues__ (同事)working in the same department.
8．Before making any new plans, you must __assess__ (评估) the current environment.
9．Your work must be posted out before the __deadline__ (截止日期)
10．She said it __deliberately__ (故意地) to challenge me.
Ⅱ．选词填空
be guilty about, so as to, accuse...of, be delighted at, be eager to, assist...with, concentrate on, depend on, have a good nose for, inform...of
1．The police __accused__ him __of__ drunk-driving and put him into prison.
2．Jackie __concentrated on__ his work and had it finished quickly.
3．If you reach your goal, treat yourself. __Inform__ a friend __of__ your goals so they can help motivate you as well.
4．We are __depending on__ you to finish the paper by Friday.
5．Experts suggest that youngsters keep a proper balance between study and rest __so as to__ protect their eyesight.
6．In my view, he __has a good nose for__ news as a journalist and host.
7．Local villagers __assisted__ the doctors __with__ the people wounded in the bus crash.
8．I __was delighted at__ the presence of such a student who helped me a lot in my experiment.
9．Believe it or not, the man is on your side and __is eager to__ see you do well.
10．Wendy __was guilty about__ forgetting her best friend’s birthday again.
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．Not only have we heard of that，we have seen that with our own eyes.
__第二个we前加but__
解析：not only与but(also)是固定搭配。
2．There is one case that we can use the expression.
__that→where__
解析：case是抽象含义的名词做先行词，关系词在定语从句中做状语时，要用关系副词where来引导。
【拓展延伸】situation，point，stage，condition等也常以此用法出现在句子中。
3．All of us are working hard in order we will pass the exam.
__order后加that__
解析：in order that后接目的状语从句，that不可省略。
4．He made the demand that he shall leave the room immediately.
__shall→should__
解析：demand后的同位语从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形，should可以省略”。
5．I am taking an umbrella in case of it rains later on.
__去掉of__
解析：因为后接的是句子，所以用in case，in case of后面应该接宾语。
6．These young men were assessed either safe or unsafe drivers.
__assessed后加as__
解析：assess sb.as意为“将某人评定为……”。
7．We are delightful you’re coming to work with us.
__delightful→delighted__
解析：delightful意为“令人高兴的”，而此处表示“感到高兴的”，所以用delighted。
8．We say a good journalist must have good nose for a story.
__have后加a__
解析：have a good nose for是固定搭配，意为“对……敏感”。
9．A footballer was accused with taking money for deliberately not scoring goals.
__with→of__
解析：be accused of“被控告犯有……”。
【拓展延伸】表示“控告，谴责”的词还有charge，blame，但它们分别与介词with，for搭配。
10．They must use research to inform themselves the missing parts of the story.
__themselves后加of__
解析：inform sb.of sth.为固定搭配，意为“通知某人某事”。
Unit 4　Section Ⅰ
[练案10]
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The family decided to __assist__ (帮助) him with his chores.
2．He was losing the fight but he would not __submit__ (屈服)．
3．His son is intended for the medical __profession__ (职业)．
4．You should __concentrate__ (全神贯注) on the road when you’re driving.
5．Jerry is an __amateur__ (业余爱好者) who dances because he feels like it.
6．Students examined how children __acquire__ (学到)language.
7．Can you __assess__ (评估) my chances of winning?
8．When she saw me she looked __guilty__ (内疚的)．
9．They try to find a way out of their __dilemma__ (窘境)．
10．His latest book of poetry will be __published__ (出版)by Faber in May.
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．When people drive to and from work，they usually choose from a small number of favorite routes， __depending on__ traffic conditions.
当人们开车上班或回家时，也经常是依据交通情况从少量几条熟悉的路径中选择。
2．It was demanded that the working conditions __(should)be improved__ as soon as possible.But nothing is different，just like what you can see now.
根据要求，工作条件要尽快地改进。但是，如同你看到的，什么都没改变。
3．Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __where consumers are cheated__.
在本章的后面将给读者介绍几种消费者受骗的案例。
4．Your assignment __is to be handed in__ next Monday.
你们的作业必须在下周一前交上来。
5．Not until I came across the word a third time __did I understand__ the meaning of it.
直到我第三次遇到这个单词，我才明白了它的含义。
Ⅲ．完形填空
On a recent trip to California, I was introduced to Smile Cards.I promised myself to 1. __A__ an act of kindness before I left California.I 2. __B__ thinking about it but I didn’t know what to do.
I reached the airport and the 3. __D__ was about to begin when I saw an ice cream store.I went in and told the guy at the store that I 4. __A__ to do an act of kindness.The guy, named Jose, looked confused.5. __C__ I explained I had just attended a conference, where I was told Smile Cards and 6. __B__ to do an act of kindness.Jose showed 7. __D__.I told Jose, “Whoever is your next 8. __A__，_treat them to some ice cream and then give them this Smile Card.” Jose 9. __C__ read the card and agreed with a smile that was both grateful and 10. __D__ at the same time.
Since this was my first time, I wanted to know the 11. __C__ of the receiver.“Jose, I have to catch a 12. __B__，_but here is my cell phone number.Would you be 13. __A__ enough to call me and tell me the person’s reaction？” He 14. __D__.
I went to my gate, and as I was about to board, Jose 15. __B__，_“I did the act of kindness.The person was very 16. __A__，_and asked me to express thanks to the person who paid for it！” I again thanked Jose and boarded the flight feeling 17. __D__.
I really want to 18. __C__ this practice of kindness.I am a professor and I love my work 19. __C__ it makes a difference in the lives of others.And now, I realize that I can do that everywhere.The whole world is my 20. __B__.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者受到“微笑卡”的启发请别人免费吃冰激凌的故事。作者内心感到很骄傲，并打算继续做这样的善事。
1．A．start B．find
C．prove D．explain
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对自己承诺在离开加利福尼亚之前开始做善事。A．start开始；B．find发现；C．prove证明；D．explain解释。根据本段最后“but I didn’t know what to do.我不知道做什么”，说明我以前没有做过善事。故A项正确。
2．A．practiced B．kept
C．tried D．enjoyed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在思考这件事，但是我不知道做什么。A．practiced练习；B．kept继续；C．tried 努力，尝试；D．enjoyed喜欢。动词短语keep doing sth.意为“一直做某事”，我一直在思考做什么样的善事。故B项正确。
3．A．working B．booking
C．shopping D．boarding
解析：考查名词词义辨析及上下文串联。句意：我到了机场，正要开始登机时我看见了一家冰激凌商店。A．working 工作；B．booking预订；C．shopping购物；D．boarding登机。根据第一段可知作者要去加利福尼亚，到了机场以后要登机。故D项正确。
4．A．wanted B．chose
C．managed D．forgot
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走了进去，告诉店里的人我想要做善事。A．wanted想要；B．chose选择；C．managed管理；设法；D．forgot忘记。根据第一段第二句“I promised myself to __1__ an act of kindness”可知我对自己做出承诺要做善事，也就是我想要做善事。故A项正确。
5．A．Yet B．Again
C．Then D．Anyhow
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个名叫Jose的家伙看起来很困惑，然后我解释道我刚刚参加了一个会议，在会上别人告诉了我Smile Card，鼓励我做一件善事。A．Yet然而；B．Again再一次；C．Then那么，然后；D．Anyhow无论如何，不管怎样。Jose似乎不理解我的意思，于是我做了解释。使用then表示上下文顺接关系。故C项正确。
6．A．forced B．encouraged
C．allowed D．ordered
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个名叫Jose的家伙看起来很困惑，然后我解释道我刚刚参加了一个会议，在会上别人告诉了我Smile Card，鼓励我做一件善事。A．forced强迫；B．encouraged鼓励；C．allowed允许；D．ordered命令。根据文章第一句可知我是受到“Smile Card”的鼓励做善事的。故B项正确。
7．A．relief B．delight
C．satisfaction D．interest
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jose表示出了兴趣。A．relief减轻，欣慰；B．delight高兴；C．satisfaction满意，满足；D．interest兴趣。听了我的解释了以后，Jose对我的想法有了兴趣。故D项正确。
8．A．customer B．assistant
C．visitor D．friend
解析：考查名词词义辨析及上下文串联。句意：无论谁是你的下一位顾客，请他们吃冰激凌并把“微笑卡”给他们。A．customer 顾客；B．assistant助手；C．visitor游客；D．friend朋友。作者在和冰激凌店员Jose交流，让他请进入冰激凌店的顾客吃冰激凌。故A项正确。
9．A．politely B．calmly
C．curiously D．nervously
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jose好奇地看着卡，带着感恩和困惑的微笑同意了。A．politely礼貌地；B．calmly 镇定地；C．curiously好奇地；D．nervously紧张地。Jose是第一次看到这种卡，感觉很好奇。对我的行为既感恩，也很困惑。故C项正确。
10．A．annoyed B．tired
C．frightened D．confused
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jose好奇地看着卡，带着感恩和困惑的微笑同意了。A．annoyed恼怒的；B．tired疲惫的；C．frightened害怕的；D．confused困惑的。Jose是第一次看到这种卡，感觉很好奇。对我的行为既感恩，也很困惑。故D项正确。
11．A．reply B．expression
C．reaction D．decision
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我第一次这样做，我想知道接受者的反应。A．reply回应；B．expression表情；表达；C．reaction反应；D．decision决定。根据下文“Would you be __13__ enough to call me and tell me the person’s reaction？”可知我想知道接受者的反应。故C项正确。
12．A．bus B．flight
C．train D．taxi
解析：考查上下文串联。句意：Jose，我不得不赶航班。A．bus公交车；B．flight 航班；C．train 火车；D．taxi出租车。根据第二段第一句“I reached the airport and the __3__ was about to begin when I saw an ice cream store.”可知我到机场准备登机。故B项正确。
13．A．kind B．brave
C．wise D．reliable
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：劳烦你打电话告诉我对方的反应，好吗？A．kind善良的；B．brave勇敢的；C．wise聪明的；D．reliable值得信赖的。“Would you be kind enough to do sth.？”意为“劳烦你做某事，好吗？”是一种请求别人的客气的表达。故A项正确。
14．A．refused B．failed
C．sighed D．agreed
解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。句意：他同意了。A．refused拒绝；B．failed失败；C．sighed叹气；D．agreed同意。根据下文“I did the act of kindness.”可知Jose给我打了电话，说明他同意了我的请求。故D项正确。
15．A．arrived B．called
C．appeared D．shouted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去了登机口，正要登机的时候，Jose打了电话。A．arrived到达；B．called打电话；C．appeared出现；D．shouted大喊。由上文“Would you be __13__ enough to call me and tell me the person’s reaction？”可知我请求对方给我打电话。当我要登机的时候，对方给我打了电话。故B项正确。
16．A．happy B．active
C．special D．clever
解析：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。句意：那个人很开心，请求我感谢付账的人。A．happy开心的；幸福的；B．active积极的；C．special特别的；D．clever聪明的。根据本句后半句可知接受者向付钱买冰激凌的人表示感谢，说明对方很开心。故A项正确。
17．A．safe B．lucky
C．energetic D．proud
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我再次感谢了Jose，自豪地登上了飞机。A．safe 安全的；B．lucky幸运的；C．energetic精力充沛的；D．proud自豪的。接受者的感谢让作者很自豪，也让他有了继续做善事的动力。故D项正确。
18．A．introduce B．describe
C．continue D．explore
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真想继续做这样的善事。A．introduce介绍；引进；B．describe描述；C．continue继续；D．explore探索。根据下文“And now, I realize that I can do that everywhere.”可知作者意识到可以在任何地方做善事，说明他想继续做下去。故C项正确。
19．A．once B．if
C．because D．though
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：我是一个教授，我热爱我的工作，因为它会在别人的生命里产生影响。A．once一旦；B．if如果；C．because因为；D．though尽管。因为我的工作会对别人的生命产生影响，所以我很热爱我的工作。上下文是因果关系，故C项正确。
20．A．homeland B．playground
C．battlefield D．mainland
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个世界都是我的活动场所。A．homeland故乡；B．playground操场，活动场所；C．battlefield战场；D．mainland大陆。根据前一句“And now, I realize that I can do that everywhere.”可知作者意识到可以在任何地方做善事，全世界都是他做善事的地方。故B项正确。
Ⅳ．阅读理解
The best reporters I know are bright，honest，personable，curious，courageous，etc.If you ask them to explain their success，this is what they might say：
A good reporter is a generalist，able to deal with a number of topics and to talk with a variety of people.He knows how to handle various issues in many fields.He can think through all the possibilities and find the important parts in a large amount of information.
A good reporter is curious.He takes pleasure in the new，and in the old，in the history or precedent (先例) that got us where we are.He enjoys reading and appreciates the details.
A good reporter is pleasant.He adopts a friendly nature with those he meets.He is a grateful guest，with a belief in the basic goodness of people.He must be a good listener，even though he doesn’t like them or what they stand for.
________ He seeks the truth and acts independently.As a news provider，he has the power to influence decisions to verify (核实)the data he has gathered.He must make sure that all of them are based on facts.
A good reporter is courageous.He approaches strangers.He is willing to make a mistake and willing to write something that may hurt someone.As Jon Franklin said，“Back when I first started my work，I thought intelligence was the most important quality.I have since changed my mind.You do have to be intelligent，but the biggest thing is courage—courage to stand corrected and to take criticism，courage to accept what you don’t understand，and most of all，courage to see what is there and not what you want to think is there.”
文章大意：本文主要介绍了作为一名优秀的记者所必须具备的品质。
1．According to the passage，a good listener is someone who __D__.
A．always listens to the truth
B．never interrupts a conversation
C．listens to the most important parts of what people say
D．listens to people carefully although he doesn’t like them
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“He must be a good listener，even though he doesn’t like them or what the stand for.”可知，一个好的倾听者即使不喜欢对方或对方所说的话也会认真听。
2．Which of the following sentences is the most suitable for the blank in the fifth paragraph？ __A__
A．A good reporter is honest.
B．A good reporter is confident.
C．A good reporter is intelligent.
D．A good reporter is humorous.
解析：主旨大意题。第五段内容主要强调记者要诚实，不能弄虚作假。故选A项。
3．According to the passage，a good reporter __D__.
A．has to avoid hurting those who are not friendly
B．has to learn whatever he doesn’t understand
C．has to write about what he thinks is right
D．has a great sense of responsibility
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He must make sure that all of them are based on facts.”可知优秀的记者要有责任感。
4．Jon Franklin would agree that __A__.
A．intelligence is required but is not the most important quality of a reporter
B．courage is as important as intelligence
C．courage makes it easier for a reporter to succeed
D．the more intelligent you are，the more you gain
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You do have to be intelligent，but the biggest thing is...”可以推断，Jon Franklin认为记者要有聪明的才智，但聪明的才智不是最重要的。
Ⅴ．七选五
Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school, but it doesn’t have to be this way.With a little time management, these steps can help you cut down on your morning stress.
Create an evening preparation routine
1. __F__ These simple tasks will take you less than 30 minutes to complete each evening and will save you a huge headache every morning.
Get a good night’s sleep
Make sure you go to bed at a reasonable hour to allow enough time for a healthy night’s sleep.Most people require between seven and eight hours’ sleep each night.If needed，set a bedtime reminder alarm on your alarm clock.2. __G__
Wake up 30 minutes earlier
30 minutes in the morning will make a difference.As long as you get to bed on time, waking up 30 minutes earlier should seem natural after just a few days.3. __E__
Plan a realistic day
Writing things down means you don’t have to worry about forgetting to do them.4. __C__ Write down anything that cannot be put off to the following day.
5. __B__
Getting up to face a new day is far more satisfying when you have something to look forward to.Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.
A．Morning stress is very common.
B．Schedule something you love daily
C．Never fill your mind with unnecessary worries.
D．Make a summary of what you did in the daytime
E．Use this time to think, shower and eat breakfast.
F．Iron your clothes，locate your keys，plan a nutritious breakfast，etc.
G．Always keep the temperature in your bedroom comfortably cool.
课件115张PPT。Unit 4　Making the new Section Ⅰ　Warming-up，Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending 自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1．______________ (n.) 记者；新闻工作者
→ ___________ (n.) 期刊；杂志；日记
2．_____________ (adj.) 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的
→ __________ (vt.) 赞美；钦佩；羡慕
3．__________ (vt.) 帮助；协助；援助
→ _____________ (n.) 助手；助理；售货员
4．_________ (adj.) 渴望的；热切的
5．_______________ (vi.& vt.) 集中；聚集
→ _________________ (n.) 专心journalist　
journal　
admirable　
admire　
assist　
assistant　
eager　
concentrate　
concentration　6．___________ (vt.) 取得；获得；学到
7．__________ (vt.) 评定；评估
8．__________ (vt.) 通知；告知
→ _______________ (n.) 信息
9．__________ (vt.) 控告；指责；谴责
→ ______________ (n.) 控告；指责；谴责
10．________________ (adv.) 故意地
11．_____________ (adj.) 怀疑的
12．__________ (adj.) 有罪的；内疚的；犯罪的
→ _________ (n.) 罪行acquire　
assess　
inform　
information　
accuse　
accusation　
deliberately　
sceptical　
guilty　
guilt　
13．___________ (n.) (进退两难的) 困境；窘境
14．__________ (n.) 需求；要求；vt.强烈要求
15．___________ (vt.) 出版；发行；发表；公布
16．_____________ (adj.) 技术(上) 的；技巧方面的
_______________ (adv.) 技术上；工艺上
17．____________ (adj.) 彻底的；详尽的
18．__________ (adj.) 有天赋的dilemma　
demand　
publish　
technical　
technically　
thorough　
gifted　Ⅱ．短语互译
1．___________________ 拍照
2．_________________ 集中；全神贯注于
3．____________________ 有探查或发现某事物的能力
4．______________ 记在心里
5．____________ 确保
6．depend on ______________
7．accuse...of ________________________
8．so as to (do sth.) __________________
9．deny doing sth. ________________
10．stop sb.(from) doing sth. __________________ take photographs　
concentrate on　
have a good nose for　
keep in mind　
make sure　依靠；依赖　
因……指责或控告…… 　
　 为了(做) …… 　
　否认做过某事　
　　　　　 阻止某人做某事　
Ⅲ．句型结构
1．His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin， ______________________ his life as a journalist.
他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
2．___________ am I interested in photography， _______ I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
我对摄影不只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余课程来提高技术呢。
was to strongly influence 　Not only　but　Ⅳ．课文理解
(Ⅰ) 阅读课文，选择最佳答案
1．According to the passage，what left a strong impression on Zhou Yang？ ______
A．His experiences of looking for a job.
B．His discussion with his new boss for the first time.
C．His quarrel with his new boss，Hu Xin.
D．His first failure in his new job.B　
2．What’s Zhou Yang’s first job with the English newspaper？ ______
A．An editor. B．An important journalist.
C．An assistant journalist. D．A photographer.
3. What helped Zhou Yang’s first job？ ______
A．That he took an amateur course at university.
B．That he learned English at school.
C．That he was a monitor at university.
D．That he often got full marks in his courses.
C　A　4．What plays the most important part when a journalist interviews a person？ ______
A．Talking. B．Listening.
C．Reading. D．Writing.
5．The writer mainly tells us something about ______.
A．an unforgettable person B．a good job
C．an important newspaper D．the first unforgettable assignmentB　D　
(Ⅱ) 课文语法填空
It is Zhou Yang’s first day at the office of China 1. _________ (day) ．He is excited and eager to go out on a story on 2. _______ own，but he can’t 3. ___________ he isn’t experienced enough.His new boss，Hu Xin，is sharing with him 4. _______ to be a good reporter.
Daily　his　because　how　To be a good reporter,5. _______ needs to be curious，6. _________ enables one to ask many different questions and acquire all the information he needs to know. Besides，it’s important for a reporter to have a “nose”7. _______ a story，knowing if someone is telling the truth.And while interviewing people，a reporter has to listen to the answers carefully because he has to listen for 8. ____________ (detail) facts and prepare the next question depending on what the people says.If 9. ____________ (possibly)，a reporter can record the interview in case he might 10. _____________ (accuse) of printing lies.one　which　for　detailed　possible　be accused　寻规巧记词合 作 探 究①I’m delighted with your slight adjustment to the plan.
我对你就计划所做的微小调整很满意。
②I was delighted to get rid of cough.
摆脱了咳嗽，我很高兴。
③He was delighted that his mother was finally back on her feet.
他很高兴他母亲终于康复了。核 心 词 汇1．delighted adj. 快乐的；欣喜的(1) be delighted with/by/at 对……满意；对……感到高兴
be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事
be delighted that...很高兴……
(2) delight n. 快乐；高兴 vt. 使高兴；使欣喜
take/find/have(a) delight in 喜欢；以……为乐
to one’s delight 令人高兴的是
with delight 高兴地；乐意地
(3) delightful adj. 令人愉快的；可喜的①To my great delight，my son passed the examination.
儿子通过考试，令我大为欣慰。
②The child takes great delight in mischief.
这小孩很喜爱恶作剧。
③She read the book with delight.
她欣喜地读着这本书。
④Her dancing delighted everyone.
她的舞蹈使人人高兴。delighted，pleased单句语法填空
①The boy is delighted __________ (know) he has passed the exam.
②Much _____________ (delight) with his son’s performance at school，Mr Green decided to take him to Beijing for a holiday.
解析：句意：对儿子在学校的表现非常满意，格林先生决定带儿子去北京度假。形容词短语much delighted with...在句中作原因状语。
③We were delighted ________ we were successful in our experiment.
补全句子
④ _______________ (令我感到高兴的是)，I took up a job which I was very interested in.to know　delighted　that　To my delight　①(2019·天津卷) Many of us equate “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.
我们中的许多人将“承诺”等同于诸如教学和护理等“关爱”职业。但是，把任何普通的工作做得尽善尽美，这本身就是一项令人敬佩的承诺。
②His handling of the situation was admirable.
他对这一情况的处理令人钦佩。2．admirable adj. 值得赞扬的，令人钦佩的(1) admire v. 惊讶，惊异；钦佩，夸奖；欣赏
(2) admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕
admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的①His friends admired at his sudden success.
他的朋友对他的突然成功感到惊讶。
②We all admired her for what she had done.
我们都对她的所作所为表示钦佩。
③I have great admiration for his courage.
我十分钦佩他的勇气。翻译句子
①所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
_________________________________________________________________
单句语法填空
②Her devotion to the scientific work was _____________ (admire) ．
解析：句意：他为科学工作所做出的贡献是令人钦佩的。admirable“令人佩服的”。All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.　admirable　①Most students are eager for their progress.
大多数学生渴望进步。
②The head is eager that all the workers should come in time.
主管热切希望所有员工都及时来。
③I am eager to know the result of the competition.
我急于知道比赛的结果。3．eager adj.渴望的；热切的be eager for...渴望……
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
be eager that...热切希望……
eager，anxious
补全句子
①A greedy man _______________________________ (总是渴望得到他能得到的一切) ．
② __________________________________________________________ (这个小男孩渴望尽快恢复健康) ．is always eager to get what he can　The little boy was eager to get back on his feet as soon as possible　①The girl is assisting the old man to fill in the forms.
那个女孩正在帮那个老人填写表格。
②The husband often assists with housework.
丈夫常帮着做家务。4．assist v. 帮助；协助；援助assistant n．助手；助理
assistance n．帮助；援助
with the assistance/help/aid of...在……的帮助下
come to one’s assistance帮助某人(2019·江苏卷) The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance.
医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。assist，help单句语法填空
①The teacher asked Daming to assist him ______ dividing the class into five groups.
②In the future，we will have handy robots and computers to assist us ________ the things that are boring.
③If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle ask the shop _____________ (assist) to reduce the price.in　with　assistant　
一句多译
马克将帮助我筹备一个重要会议。
④Mark will ______________ arrange an important meeting.
⑤Mark will ______________ arranging an important meeting.assist me to　assist me in　(1) 呈送；提交(＝hand in)
①(2019·天津卷) January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.
1月5日向你的历史老师提交一个主题建议。如果第一个建议是非主题的或不明确的，那么老师可能需要第二个建议。
②We should submit our plans to the council for approval.
我们应当向理事会提交计划以求批准。5．submit v.(2) 顺从；服从(＝give in)
①It is the duty of a soldier to submit himself to the army.
服从命令是军人的职责。
②You should submit to the orders of the headmaster.
你应该服从校长的命令。submit a plan 提交一项计划
submit to discipline 遵守纪律
submit to one’s fate 听天由命注意：当submit作“屈服；顺从”讲时，为不及物动词，常和介词to连用。单句语法填空
①No country would not _______________ (submit) by another country.
②I will submit the report ______ the chairman tomorrow.
补全句子
③面对威胁，他拒不屈服。
He refused ______________ threats.
④我拒绝屈服于他的控制。
I refuse to __________________ his control.be submitted　to　to submit to　submit myself to　(1) ～(sth.) (on sth./on doing sth.) 集中(注意力) ；聚精会神
①Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time，fed，dressed and ready to learn.
前几代人都把精力放在让孩子按时入学、吃饭、穿衣和准备学习上。
②Many firms are concentrating on increasing their markets overseas at present.
目前，许多公司正在集中精力开拓它们的海外市场。
6．concentrate v.(2) 使集中(或集合、聚集)
①We need to concentrate resources on the most run-down areas.
我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地方。
②Fighting was concentrated around the towns to the north.
战斗集中在北方诸城镇的周围进行。 (1) concentration n．集中；专心
(2) 表示“专心于……”的短语还有：
focus/fix one’s attention on...
put one’s mind/heart in/into...
be absorbed/lost in...
apply oneself/one’s mind to...
pay attention to...
注意：以上短语中的in，into，to，on都是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。concentrate，focus单句语法填空
①I think you should concentrate ______ your study，or you will never achieve your goal.
补全句子
②Doctors are aiming to _________________ (全神贯注于) prevention rather than cure.
③She __________________ (专注于) her work so much that she didn’t notice that a crowd of people had ______________________ (聚集在……周围) her.on　concentrate on　concentrated on　concentrated around　(1) (通过努力、能力、行为表现) 获得；得到
①I acquired a good knowledge of computer.
我获得了丰富的电脑知识。
②Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.
我们逐步获得了做这份工作的经验。7．acquire v.acquire，achieve，obtain，gain①To acquire a foreign language，you need a lot of practice.
掌握一门外语需要大量的练习。
②The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.
那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的材料。
③His persistence gained him victory.
他的坚持不懈为他赢得了胜利。选词填空(acquire，obtain，gain，win，earn)
①Mr Smith __________ a large amount of money by selling oil in the 1970s.
②To his great delight，he _______ two gold medals in the Olympic Games.
③The ability to use a language can be ____________ by the act of using the language.
④The researchers ____________ some useful data through a lot of experiments.
⑤Young as he is，David has __________ rich experience in society.earned　won　acquired　obtained　gained　
补全句子
⑥It will take her a long time to ____________________ (获得技能) she needs to become a good journalist.
⑦One can never ___________________________ (获得足够的经验) ．acquire the skills　acquire enough experience　(1) 评估；评定
①(2019·江苏卷) I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
我并不是说这些事情是更重要的，但许多捐助方没有认真评估他们的钱的替代用途的相对长期成本和利益，而是匆忙地进入了花哨的方案。
②They assessed the value of the house at over $25,000.
他们对这座房子的估价在二万五千美元以上。8．assess v.(2) 征收
assess a tax on/upon sb.向某人征税
assess sb.in/at....向某人征收……
The Chinese government will not assess a tax upon the farmers.
中国政府将不再向农民征税。assessment n. 估价；评价
make an assessment of 评估……
assessable adj. 可估价的
be assessed as...被评定为……单句语法填空
①I have to make an ______________ (assess) of the situation.
②The customs officer assessed a tax ______ him.
③Damage caused by the big fire was assessed ______ more than 10 million dollars.
补全句子
④ __________________________ (很难估计) how they’ll react to the news.
⑤I’d __________ your chances ______ (估计) extremely low.assessment　on　at　It’s difficult to assess　assess　as　①They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
他们必须通过研究来了解被遗漏的那部分情况。
②He has not yet informed me of his plans for holidays.
他尚未把他的度假计划告诉我。
③He will inform us where to go.
他将通知我们去哪儿。
④Whatever happens，you should keep me informed.
不管发生什么事，你都应让我知道。9．inform vt.告知；通知
归纳
与inform 搭配相似的结构还有：
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事
cure sb.of sth.治疗好某人……单句语法填空
①A reward will be offered to _______________ (inform) leading to the arrest of the bank robber.
②When he was away in France，his secretary kept him informed ______ everything that happened in his company.
③Please keep me fully ____________ (inform) of any changes.information　of　informed　补全句子
④It was considerate of Michael to ______________________ (通知我们他的延误) in case we got worried.
⑤If asked to look after luggage for someone else， ____________________ ___________ (立即通知警察) ．
⑥Shall I ________________________ (通知他变化) of the schedule right now?inform us of his delay　please inform the police 　at once 　inform him of the change　(1) adv.其间；同时；对比之下，另一方面
①(2019·北京卷) Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.
同时，在父母的帮助下，摩尔基本上能够过上正常的青少年生活。
②Stress can be extremely damaging to your health.Exercise，meanwhile，can reduce its effects.
压力可能对你的健康非常有害，而锻炼会减少这些影响。
(2) n.[U]在此期间；与此同时
In the meanwhile，I’ll visit an old friend of mine.
在这期间，我将去拜访我的一个老朋友。10．meanwhile “同时”的多种表达法：meanwhile，in the meanwhile，meantime，in the meantime，at the same time补全句子
①The new assistant won’t come until next week； _____________ (其间)，I will have to arrange everything myself.
②The incomes of skilled workers went up. _____________ (与此同时)，unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
③Jim went to answer the phone. _____________ (与此同时)，Harry started to prepare lunch.
meanwhile　Meanwhile　Meanwhile　
单句语法填空
④It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______ the meanwhile，I’ll set the table.
解析：句意：如果你去商店买来我们晚饭所需要的东西，这就算帮大忙了；在此期间，我将摆好餐桌。In　(1) [C]具体情况；事例；实例
①A fairly typical case happened.
出现了相当典型的例子。
②(2019·江苏卷) We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
我们非常喜欢我们的高智商，我们认为当它涉及大脑的力量时，必须是更好的。不幸的是，情况并非如此。
11．case n.(2) [C](尤指警方) 侦查的案情；调查的案件
It’s a case of theft.
这是一起盗窃案。
(3) [C]诉讼案
The case will be heard in court next week.
这一案件将于下星期审理。(4) [C]病例，病案；病人，伤员
There are five cases of food poisoning in the hospital.
这家医院里有五个食物中毒的患者。
(5) [C]盒子；箱子；容器
Is there a cigarette case on the table?
桌上有香烟盒吗？
in case of...假使……/万一……
in case以防，以防万一(in case后面跟一般现在时、一般过去时或should＋动词原形)
in any case无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话；在这种/那种情况下
in sb’s case对于某人的情况来说
in no case决不
as is often the case这是常有的事
as the case may/might be看情况；视情况而定①(2019·江苏卷) The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance.
医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。
②The company makes a promise that in no case should the quality of products be cheapened.
这家公司承诺决不降低产品的质量。
③In case of emergency，break the glass and press the button.
遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃并摁下按钮。④Enough space should be given to the kids；in that case，they will get more life experiences.
应该给予孩子足够的空间，那样的话他们将会得到更多的生活经历。
⑤In Simon’s case，the grades were awfully low.
对Simon来说，这成绩非常低了。
⑥The cost may be higher than we first thought，but in any case it will still be quite satisfying.
费用或许比我们最初想象的要更高，但是不管怎样，还是相当令人满意的。
温馨提示：
(1) in case引导让步状语从句时，不能用that连接。
(2) case表示情况，若有定语从句修饰，后面的定语从句多用where引导，类似的词还有：situation，point，position，stage等。
Have you ever had a case where you can’t get your idea across to anyone?
你有没有过这样的情况：你无法让任何人理解自己的想法？
(3) in no case置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。
单句语法填空
①Robert has ever had a case _________ he was blamed by the boss for others’ mistake.
解析：句意：罗伯特曾经碰到过这样的情况：因为别人的过错他受到了老板的批评。先行词a case在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
where　
补全句子
②The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself ______________________ (万一他受到袭击的话) ．
③There is no simple answer， ____________________ (情况总是这样的) in science.
④ ________________ (万一发生火灾)，all exits must be kept clear.
⑤I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again ______________ (只是为了以防万一) ．
in case he is attacked　as is often the case　In case of fire　just in case　①We’ll never accuse you of being too aggressive.
我们决不会责备你太争强好胜的。
②Investigators have not accused him of any wrongdoing.
调查人员尚未指控他有任何不当行为。12．accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告accuse，charge (1) accuse sb.of (doing) sth.控告某人(做了) 某事；指责某人(做了) 某事
accuse sb.as...指控某人为……
(2) 类似accuse sb.of sth.的结构有：
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某事
remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事
单句语法填空
①Are you accusing me ______ lying?
②The court charged him ________ carrying dangerous products.
单句改错
③The manager accused her in not finishing the task on time.
__________
④The report accused the government for not taking its responsibility.
___________of　with　in→of　for→of　①The jury found the defendant not guilty of the offence.
陪审团裁决被告无罪。
②So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty.
所以我们写了一篇文章暗示他有罪。
③John had a guilty look on his face.
约翰脸上显出惭愧的表情。13．guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的be/feel guilty about/over sth.对……感到内疚/惭愧
be guilty of犯有……罪
find/declare sb.guilty of 判定某人有……罪
guilt n．内疚，悔恨；犯罪，罪行；罪责
①I feel guilty about having told a lie.
我为说了谎话而感到内疚。
②He denied his guilt.
他否认自己有罪。单句语法填空
①The man defended himself unsuccessfully and the judge declared him __________ (guilt) ．
②Some journalists are guilty ______ reporting false news so as to sell papers.
补全句子
③He _______________ (犯……罪) theft and was caught by the police.
④Don’t _________________________ (对……感到内疚) making mistakes. Everyone can make mistakes.guilty　of　was guilty of　be/feel guilty about/at　(1) n. 需求；要求
①(2019·江苏卷) More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.
更多的风力发电站将涌现出来，以满足清洁能源的需求。
②Mo Yan’s books are in great demand at the moment.
目前莫言的书非常畅销。
③The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ demand.
经理许诺他们会尽力满足他们客户的需求。14．demand(2) vt. 强烈要求；需要
①The matter cannot rest there.I demand an apology from your company.
事情不能就此作罢——我要求你们公司向我道歉。
②I demand to know what’s going on.
我要求知道正在发生什么。
③Every citizen demands that the murderer who killed three children (should) be punished.
每个公民都要求惩戒那个谋杀了三名儿童的杀人犯。meet/satisfy the demand for...满足……的需要
in demand(＝in need) 需求
demand sth.要求……，需要……
demand to do sth.要求干……
demand of sb.to do 要求某人干某事
demand＋that从句<谓语动词用虚拟语气(should＋)
v．原形>
sth. demand doing＝(sth.demand to be done) 某事要求被做单句语法填空
①The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are ______ great demand in this city.
解析：in great demand“需求量大”。
②The company refused the workers’ demand that their wages ______________________ (raise) ．
in　(should) be raised　
补全句子
③The teacher came in and demanded all the students present ______________________________________ (完成任务) in two hours.
④He，who was strict with us， _____________________________________ (要求我们集中注意力于) our study.
⑤It’s a must for the company to _____________________________________ (满足顾客的需求) ． (should) finish/accomplish the task　demanded that we (should) concentrate on　meet/satisfy its customers’ demands　①The gifted young scientist was much in the public eye.
那位有才华的青年科学家很为人们所注意。
②Man is the only creature that is gifted with speech.
人类是唯一被赋予语言能力的动物。 15．gifted adj. 有天分的；有天赋的；天资聪颖的gift n. 天赋
have a gift for...对……有天赋He has a gift for music.
他有音乐天赋。单句语法填空
①—Mary is a __________ (gift) painter.
—So she is.She won a national award at the age of fifteen.
②Brian is gifted ______ writing music；he is very likely to be ______ Beethoven.
解析：句意：布赖恩在音乐创作方面有天赋；他非常有可能成为像贝多芬那样的人。be gifted in“在……方面有天赋”。a用在人名前面，表示“一个像……那样的人”。
gifted　in　a　
翻译句子
③她有弹钢琴的天赋。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
She is gifted at/in playing the piano./She has a gift for playing the piano./She has a talent for playing the piano.　①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多帮助学生寻找暑期工作的项目。最后期限和你需要申请什么取决于程序。
②Your future depends on many things，but mostly on you.
许多东西会左右你的未来，但未来主要还是掌握在你自己的手里。重 点 短 语1．depend on依靠；依赖；取决于depend/rely on sb.to do sth.依赖某人做某事
depend on sb./sth.for sth.依赖某人/某物得到某物
depend on it that...相信……It/That (all) depends.那得视情况而定。
Do depend on it that Chinese football will make us proud some day.
请相信中国足球总有一天会让我们自豪。注意：depend on的译法：
主语人物＋depend (on) 依靠；指望……依……而定
—Can I depend on him?
我能相信他吗？
—That depends.
那得视情况而定。单句语法填空
①He may depend on ______ that his son will succeed.
②Health ___________ (depend) on good food，fresh air and enough sleep.
补全句子
③请相信，我们决不会放弃。
________________ that we won’t give up.
④我不想过度依靠父母。
I don’t want to ___________________ my parents.
⑤他这个人你是可以信赖的。
He was the sort of person ____________________.it　depends　Depend upon it　depend too much on　you could depend on　①A football player was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.
一个足球运动员被指控受贿，他故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。
②We hurried so as not to be late for the party.
我们赶紧走了，以便去聚会不会迟到。
注意：so as to do sth.在句中通常作目的状语，但有时也作结果状语，通常用逗号与前面的句子隔开。2．so as to(do sth.) 为了(做某事) ；以便；目的是；以至于(1) so as to的否定形式是to前面加not，即so as not to do sth.表示“为了不……”。
Check your test paper carefully so as not to make any mistakes.
仔细检查你的试卷，以免出现错误。
(2) in order to...也作目的状语，可置于句首，也可放在句中，而so as to...只能放在句中。
In order not to fail the test，I studied hard.
为了通过考试，我努力学习。
(3) so＋形容词＋as to do sth.(＝so...that...) (表示程度)
这么/这样/那么/那样……以至于……。①He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.
他真傻，车都没有锁。(He was foolish enough to leave his car unlocked.的含义既可以是他实际这样做了，也可以是他可能这样做，即他傻到竟会不知道锁车的地步；而 He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.则意指他实际上这样做了) 。
②Would you be so good as to forward my letters?
＝Would you be good enough to forward my letters?
劳驾把我的信件转给我，好吗？选词填空(so as to，in order to)
①He got up earlier ____________________ get to school on time.
② _____________ be the winner，you need to try your best.
补全句子
③The chief editor asked the reporter to cut down the article _________________ (为了) make it fit the space available on the paper.in order to/so as to　In order to　so as to/in order to　本句中“be＋不定式”结构表示将来，意为“必将会”。
“be to do”结构有多种用法：
难 点 解 析1．His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin(HX)，was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。 (1) 表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事；
(2) 表示预先安排好的计划或约定，或按职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作；
(3) 表示“应该……”，相当于should或ought to；
(4) 用于条件状语从句，意为“如果想……，设想”(接近于if...want to/if...should) 。①All of us are to meet outside of the school gate.
我们大家将在校门口外集合。
②As a student，you are to concentrate your energy on your study.
作为一个学生，你应该集中精力学习。
③She was never to come back once leaving here.
一旦离开这里她就注定永远不会回来了。
④If I’m to be there on time，I must leave at once.
如果我想准时赶到那儿，我就必须马上动身。
补全句子
①你什么时候回家？
When ____________________ home?
②她将于下个月结婚。
She _________________ next month.
③他注定成为一名优秀的歌手。
He _________________ excellent singer.
are you to leave for　is to be married　was to become an　单句改错
④If he was to play every game，maybe he could be one of the best players in the world.
_____________was→were　(1) not only...but also...连接两个并列分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装结构，而后一个分句不倒装。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.
在分析了他和别人的研究， 普林斯坦得出了另一个结论：可爱不仅与积极的生活结果有关，还与这些结果有关。2．Not only am I interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
我对摄影不只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余课程来提高技术呢。②Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but also his students are interested in it too.
不仅是老师自己而且他的学生也都爱足球。
(2) “不仅……而且……”常用not only...but also...表示，其中also常可省略。not only和but also后所接部分通常都是同一类的。
①Not only the mother but also the child is a football fan.
不仅妈妈是足球迷，孩子也是。
②The teacher is not only good at English but also good at Japanese.
这位老师不仅英语好，日语也不错。(3) 该结构连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其靠近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
①Not only you but also I am very worried about the examination results.
不仅是你，我也非常担心考试结果。
②Not only his students but also the teacher feels the test is too difficult.
不仅他的学生们，这位老师也觉得这次考试太难了。单句语法填空
①Environmental experts point out that not only ________ increasing pollution cause some serious problems such as global warming，but it also threatens human life.
解析：句意：环境专家指出，日益增加的污染不仅带来诸如全球变暖的严重问题，而且也威胁到了人类的生命。考查倒装句。在that引导的宾语从句中，not only位于句首，故用部分倒装结构。根据threatens可知设空处应该用一般现在时态，主语为increasing pollution，为第三人称单数形式，故填does。does　补全句子
②电脑不仅可以记忆输入的数据，而且可以分析它们。
Not only __________________________ the data fed into it，but it can also analyze them.
can the computer memorize　a nose for sth.＝a special ability for finding or recognizing sth.“发现或辨别事物的能力”。
①As a journalist，she has always had a nose for a good story.
作为一名记者，她总是能够捕捉到好新闻。
②She is a reporter with a nose for news，scandal，etc.
她是一位善于搜寻新闻、丑闻等的记者。3．We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story.
我们说，一个好的记者必须有一个对新闻非常敏感的“嗅觉”。(1) look down(one’s) nose at sb./sth.对……不屑一顾；蔑视
Year-round residents here look down their noses at the summer people.
终年居住在此的人对前来避暑的人很傲慢。
(2) under (one’s) nose①就在某人面前却看不见
The keys are right under your nose.
钥匙就在你那里。
②当着某人的面；就在某人眼皮底下(却没有被察觉)
The police didn’t know the drugs ring was operating right under their noses.
警方不知道贩毒集团就在他们眼皮底下运作。
(3) lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走；完全操纵或控制某人
They simply didn’t know what they were doing and they were led by the nose by a manipulative government.
他们完全不知道自己正在干什么，他们被一个善于操纵的政府所控制。
(4) turn a deaf ear to对……置之不理
If you turn a deaf ear to criticism，sooner or later you will have to pay for it.
如果你听不进批评，那你早晚要吃苦头的。单句语法填空
①As an experienced journalist，he always has a nose _______ a good story.
翻译句子
②你有发现一名优秀运动员的能力吗？
_________________________________________________
③他的妻子总是牵着他的鼻子走。
____________________________________ for　Do you have a (good)nose for an excellent athlete？　His wife always leads him by the nose.　go表示“(诗或歌的词、调) 唱、说；(故事) 发生情况如何”。
①How does that song go?
那首歌怎么唱？
②I forget how the next line goes.
我忘记下一行怎么说了。
4．This is how the story goes.
事情是这样的。The story goes (that...) /So the story goes据说，传闻，谣传
She never saw him again—or so the story goes.
从此她再也没有见过他——或者据说如此。
注意：此句中This 为主语，叙述的内容在下面。若用That为主语，则表示内容在上文已陈述完毕。翻译句子
①据传他被妻子毒死了。
____________________________________________
单句语法填空
②The story ________ (go) that she’s been married five times.The story goes that he was poisoned by his wife.　goes　巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业Unit 4　Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．We were friends and __colleagues__ (同事) for more than 20 years.
2．I have a lot of reading __assignments__ (任务) to complete before the end of term.
3．__Crime__ (犯罪) is an increasingly serious problem in Russian society.
4．We are becoming one of the market leaders in the __fashion__ (时尚) industry.
5．She works as a care a __ssistant__ in an old people’s home.
6．Married at nineteen，she was a traditional h ousewife__ and mother of four children.
7．She’s a senior e __ditor__ in the reference department of a publishing company.
8．The famous star looked as if the p __hotographer__ had caught her by surprise.
Ⅱ．句型转换
1．Johnson didn’t understand the Chinese poem until his teacher explained it once again.
→Not until his teacher explained it once again __did Johnson understand__ the Chinese poem.
2．They are not only interested in playing football，but they also hope their children will like it.
→Not only __are they interested__ in playing football，but they also hope their children will like it.
3．The people in the south seldom see snow in the winter.
→Seldom __do the people__ in the south __see__ snow in the winter.
4．She had no sooner walked in the door than the phone rang.
→No sooner __had she walked__ in the door than the phone rang.
5．The children had never seen such beautiful flowers before.
→Never before __had the children seen__ such beautiful flowers.
6．If you don’t go to the party tonight，I won’t go there，either.
→If you don’t go to the party tonight，neither __will I__.
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．No sooner Mo Yan had stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
__把had提到Mo Yan前__
解析：no sooner...than...表示“一……就……”，是固定句式，因为否定词在前，所以主句需要用部分倒装结构。有相同用法的句式还有hardly/scarcely...when...，主句用过去完成时。否定词位于句首时用部分倒装；而than/when后的从句用一般过去时，不用倒装。
2．In the doorway did a man stand with a gun.
__did a man stand→stood a man__
解析：in the doorway为表示方位的短语，用于句首，且句子的主语为名词，该句需用完全倒装句式。
3．If you don’t go there，neither do I.
__do→will__
解析：if引导条件状语从句时，适应于“主将从现”的时态原则，故主句需用一般将来时。句意：如果你不去那儿，我也不去。
4．Hardly he had entered the office when he realised that he had forgotten his report.
__第一个he had→had he__
解析：在hardly...when...这个结构中，hardly位于句首时其所在的主句要倒装，表示“一……就……”。
5．Not only does the boy work hard，but is he polite.
__把he提到is前__
解析：在not only...but also...这个结构中，also可以省略，当该结构连接两个并列句时，not only所在的句子用部分倒装，but(also)所在的句子不用倒装。
6．Patient as was he，he wouldn’t wait for three hours.
__was he→he was__
解析：as引导让步状语从句时，通常把从句中的表语或状语置于句首，其后不用倒装结构。句意：尽管他很有耐心，但他不会等三个小时的。
Unit 4　Section Ⅱ
[练案11]
Ⅰ．句型转换
1．I don’t like playing computer games, and my younger brother doesn’t like playing them either.
→I don’t like playing computer games, and __neither does__ my younger brother.
解析：句意：我不喜欢玩电脑游戏，我弟弟也不喜欢。分析句子结构可知，此处应用neither does。此处考查“neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”的部分倒装结构，表示前面所表述的否定情况也适用于另一主语。
2．I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
→Not until she took off her dark glasses __did I realize__ she was a famous film star.
解析：句意：直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她是一位著名的影星。not until位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，故将助动词提前，因为是过去时态，所以用did，因此填did I realize。
3．He is going to the USA next month.I am going there too.
→He is going to the USA next month and __so am I__.
解析：句意：他下个月要去美国，我也是。“so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”为倒装结构，意为“……也同样”，表示一种肯定的情况。
4．I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain the day before yesterday.
→ __No sooner__ had I reached home __than__ it began to rain the day before yesterday.
解析：句意：前天我刚到家天就开始下雨。no sooner放在句首时主句用部分倒装结构。no sooner...than...“一……就……”，为固定搭配。
5．He made such an instructive speech that all the listeners were moved.
→ __Such an instructive speech did he make that__ all the listeners were moved.
解析：句意：他发表的演说非常有教育意义，以至于所有的听众都被感动了。“such＋名词”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。
6．Most men suffer from that disease; women seldom get it.
→Most men suffer from that disease; seldom __do women get it__.
解析：句意：大多数的男性患有此病，而女性很少患此病。never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely，no sooner等含有否定意义的副词位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构。
7．If you had studied harder last term, you would have made great progress.
→ __Had__ you __studied__ harder last term, you would have made great progress.
解析：句意：上个学期你如果更努力学习的话，你就会取得大的进步。当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had，were，should等时，如将if省略，则要将had，were，should等移到主语前，构成倒装结构。
8．If it were not for your help last night, I couldn’t have finished my work on time.
→ __Were__ it not __for__ your help last night, I couldn’t have finished my work on time.
解析：句意：昨天晚上要不是你的帮助的话，我就不可能准时完成我的工作。If it were not for...“要不是……”为固定搭配。当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had，were，should等时，如将if省略，则要将had，were，should等移到主语前，构成倒装结构。
9．She made it clear that she would cancel the trip on no condition.
→She made it clear that on no condition __would she__ cancel the trip.
解析：句意：她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。某些表示否定意义的词组如on no condition，by no means等若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装。
10．His remarks not only broke the ice, but aroused everyone’s interest.
→Not only __did__ his remarks __break__ the ice，but aroused everyone’s interest.
解析：句意：他的发言不仅打破了沉默，而且引起了每个人的兴趣。当not only...but(also)．..中的not only位于句首时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装结构。
Ⅱ．选词填空
fill in，by accident，get absorbed in，defend...against，refer...to，a series of，in demand，accuse...of，depend on，so as to
1．They tried to __defend__ themselves __against__ the enemy with all their might.
2．The owner of the pub was __accused of__ watering the beer.
3．The theory is based on __a series of__ wrong assumptions.
4．The test questions are kept secret __so as to__ prevent cheating.
5．We __get absorbed in__ the discussion for several hours every time we meet.
6．There were so many wounded people that the blood was __in__ great __demand__.
7．__Fill in__ your address at the bottom of the application form.
8．His decision will __depend on__ how much money we can raise.
9．I don’t know whether they did it __by accident__ or by design.
10．Some people __refer__ all the troubles __to__ bad luck instead of lack of ability.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．Only when the police came __did we find__ (我们才查明了)the cause of the accident.
2．Only when he reached the teahouse __did he realize__ (他才意识到)it was the same place he’d been in last year.
3．John talked with me for about an hour yesterday.Never __had I heard__ (我听到)him talk so much.
4．Never before __has she seen__ (她从来没见过)anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
5．Lily can’t ride a bicycle, and __neither/nor can Lucy__ (露西也不会)．
6．—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it ?
—Yes. __So was it yesterday__ (昨天也是这样)．
7．Out there, in the midst of the snow， __sat a woman__ (坐着一位妇女)in long, black clothes.
8．Be quiet ！__Here comes the teacher__ (老师来了)．
9．__Had it not been__ (要不是)for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the cinema so often.
10．Not until he retired from teaching three years ago __did he consider__ (他才考虑)having a holiday abroad.
Ⅳ．阅读理解
Tencent announced yesterday that it will limit the daily time for youngsters to play its popular King of Glory game after parents and schools in Shanghai and other areas complained their children had become addicted to playing it.
From tomorrow, children younger than 12 will only be allowed to play the game for a maximum(最大值) of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they will be banned from logging into it, said Tencent.Those older than 12 will be able to play a maximum two hours a day.
The game system will remind players the time they have been playing and young players will be forced to log out when the time is up.
Tencent claimed these were the strictest measures in China’s game industry to prevent addiction and the company expected they would ease parents’ anxiety.
The company also said it had updated its system for parents to keep tabs on their children using its games.
Since February, parents can receive messages when children log in and spend money on the game after they connect children’s game accounts with their mobile phone numbers.
Now, parents can connect phones, tablets or computers that their children use to play games, so that they can keep an eye on the children even if they have several game accounts, Tencent said.
Song Zhe, a father of a Shanghai high school student, welcomed the measures but was not sure if they would be sufficiently effective.“I like the system that could lock up the devices as children can register many accounts，” he said, “but children are so clever that they can always think out counter measures.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了腾讯公司设置了一个防止年轻人沉迷到王者荣耀游戏中的系统。
1．What can we infer from Paragraph 2？ __A__
A．Kids under 11 could play the game for at most 7 hours in a week.
B．Girls under 8 are able to log in the game at 10 pm.
C．Those older than 16 are able to play the game all the time.
D．Children over 13 can log in the game after playing 3 hours in a day.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“From tomorrow, children younger than 12 will only be allowed to play the game for a maximum(最大值) of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they will be banned from logging into it, said Tencent.”可以推断出不到12岁的小孩，一天最多可以玩这款游戏一个小时，所以一星期最多可以玩七个小时。故选A。
2．The underlined phrase “keep tabs on” is closest in meaning to “ __C__ ”．
A．be careful with B．be in control of
C．have an eye on D．keep contact with
解析：词义猜测题。“The company also said it had updated its system for parents to keep tabs on their children using its games.”这句话的意思是这家公司说为了家长们可以监视他们的孩子玩游戏，他们已经为家长们更新了它的系统。 “keep tabs on”的意思是“监视、密切关注”。故选C。
3．What can we learn about the game system according to the passage？ __A__
A．Parents can monitor their children even if they try to register different game accounts.
B．Parents need to connect their tablets or computers to the game accounts of their children.
C．Parents can be reminded of the time their children have been playing the games.
D．Parents should pay attention to their phones all the time in case they miss any message.
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Now, parents can connect phones, tablets or computers that their children use to play games, so that they can keep an eye on the children even if they have several game accounts, Tencent said.”可知，即使孩子们注册不同的游戏账号，家长们也可以监控他们的孩子。故选A。
4．What did Song Zhe’s father think of the game system？ __C__
A．The game system was absolutely welcomed by him.
B．Children were too dull to break out of the system.
C．He was uncertain about the effectiveness of the system.
D．Children could register lots of accounts to unlock the devices.
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段“Song Zhe, a father of a Shanghai high school student, welcomed the measures but was not sure if they would be sufficiently effective.”可知，宋哲的父亲不确定这个系统是否有效。故选C。
Ⅴ．语法填空
When Jack was a small boy，he was once asked to give a speech about “A Big Challenge in My Life”．To talk before the whole class，he was 1. __terribly__ (terrible) shy the moment he thought of so many eyes 2. __staring__ (stare) at him.He had no other 3. __choices__ (choice)，though.First Jack was to draft the speech，which was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer.But the hard part 4. __lay__ (lie) in his oral presentation，for it was not allowed to read from the paper.He had to give
the speech from his memory 5. __in__ front of such a big audience!
A real trial began when Jack stood on the platform with his legs 6. __trembling__ (tremble) and his mind blank.How much time had passed by，he didn’t know.His listeners were still waiting patiently and without any signs of laughing.Gradually he found himself back，giving out his speech without much difficulty.After 7. __what__ seemed to be a hundred years，he found the audience applauding.He made 8. __it__ ! From then on，his fear of talking before the audience disappeared.Actually with his confidence 9. __built__ (build) up，Jack now turns out to be a great speaker.As we know，the greater difficulty we meet on our way to success，the 10. __more__ likely we will be to achieve our goals.
文章大意：本文主要介绍Jack如何克服在别人面前演讲时的害羞。
1．解析：考查副词。此处修饰后面的形容词shy，应用副词形式。
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，eyes和stare是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词staring。
3．解析：考查名词。other后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，choice为可数名词，此处应用复数形式，表示“没有其他选择”。
4．解析：考查时态。根据全文的基本时态可知，这里应用一般过去时。
5．解析：考查介词。in front of“在……的前面”，为固定短语。
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with的复合结构，legs与tremble之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词trembling。
7．解析：考查宾语从句。此处引导宾语从句并作after的宾语，且宾语从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what。
8．解析：考查固定短语。make it意思是“获得成功”，为固定短语。
9．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构，build up和his confidence为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词built。
10．解析：考查比较级。由前面的“the greater difficulty”可知，此处考查句型“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
课件60张PPT。Unit 4　Making the newsSection Ⅱ　Learning about Language自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1．_____________ (adj.) 惯用的；合乎语言习惯的
2．_____________ (n.) 家庭主妇
3．_________ (n.) 罪行；犯罪idiomatic　
housewife　
crime　Ⅱ．短语互译
1．_______________________ 澄清是非，把事情弄得准确无误
2．_____________ 抢发独家新闻
3．_______________ 报道
4．___________________ 职业诀窍
5．____________________________ 完全搞错了；完全误解
6．be eager to do sth. ______________
7．defend oneself against... ______________
8．assist sb.in doing sth. __________________
9．take photos ________
10．a series of... ______________get the facts straight　
get a scoop　
cover a story　
trick of the trade　
get the wrong end of the stick　渴望干某事　为自己辩护　帮助某人干某事　拍照　一系列……　
Ⅲ．句型结构
I did not know how to use that recorder. ________________.
我不知道怎样用那录音机，他也不知道。
Ⅳ．语法感悟
阅读下列含有倒装句式的英语谚语，并试着将它们还原为正常语序
例如：From saving comes having.
节俭出财富。
→Having comes from saving.
Neither did he　
1．Happy is he who owes nothing.
无债一身轻。
→ _____________________________
2．Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.
为王者难安。
→ ______________________________________
3．After dinner comes the reckoning.
吃饭付账，理所应当。
→ __________________________________
He who owes nothing is happy.　
The head that wears a crown lies uneasy.　
The reckoning comes after dinner.　
4．What youth is used to，age remembers.
少年惯为事，老年常记起。
→ ___________________________________
5．In the deepest water is the best fishing.
水深好钓鱼。
→ _______________________________________
6．Sweet are the uses of adversity.
苦尽甘来。
→ ________________________________Age remembers what youth is used to.　
The best fishing is in the deepest water.　
The uses of adversity are sweet.　合 作 探 究①Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common.
针对老年人的犯罪变得越来越常见。
②Crime is on the increase in big cities.
在大城市里，犯罪正在逐渐增加。
③It’s a crime to waste food.
浪费食物是不好的行为。核 心 词 汇crime n．[C]罪行；[U]犯罪；[sing.]不好的行为criminal n．罪犯　adj.犯罪的，违法的；刑事的，刑法的；不道德的
commit a crime犯罪用crime的适当形式填空
①Some of the _____________ began to learn English with him.
②You know，it is a ____________ offence to threaten someone with violence.
翻译句子
③他犯了罪被判处五年监禁。
______________________________________________________ criminals　criminal　He committed a crime and was sentenced to 5 years in prison.　I met Jacob by accident in the cinema.
我偶然在电影院遇到了雅各布。重 点 短 语1．by accident 偶然地；意外地(1) by chance意外地；偶然地
They met by chance on a plane.
他们在飞机上不期而遇。
(2) by any chance万一；碰巧
Would you by any chance have change for $5?
你能换五美元吗？
(3) meet with偶遇；碰到
I met with a friend in the train yesterday.
昨天我在火车上遇到一位朋友。(4) come across偶然遇到或找到
I came across my old college roommate in town today.
今天我在镇上遇到了我大学的室友。
(5) run into偶然遇见；偶然发现
I ran into an old friend.
我与一个老朋友不期而遇。
注意：by chance，by any chance，meet with, come across，run into这5个短语都表示“偶然遇到或发生某事”，但by chance 和by any chance 是介词短语，在句中只能作状语。另外三个是动词短语，在句中作谓语。句型转换
①The children discovered the paintings in a cave by chance.
→The children discovered the paintings in a cave ______________.
补全句子
②Greenland was discovered _____________________ (偶然) by a man named Eric in the tenth century.
③I don’t know whether they did it _____________________ (偶然地) or ______________________ (故意地) 。by accident　by accident/chance　by accident/chance　by design/on purpose　(1) 防御；保护；保卫(某人/某事物)
①When the dog attacked me，I defended myself with a stick.
那狗扑向我时，我用棍子自卫。
②They had three players defending the goal (against attack) ．
他们有三个队员防守球门。
2．defend sb./sth.(from/against sb./sth.) (2) 辩解；辩白
①The newspaper defended her against the accusations.
报纸为她辩护，驳斥对她的指责。
②You’ll need stronger evidence to defend your claim to the inheritance.
你需要更强有力的证据才能为你的遗产继承权进行辩护。defend，protect，guard
这些动词均有“保护、保卫”之意。
(1) defend普通用词，指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险。用作比喻时，指坚持某种行动、决定或意见，含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思。
She had to defend herself against the guard dog.
她不得不防备看门狗咬她。
(2) protect普通用词，指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害；天灾、战争等较大的事情，多用against；较小的事情多用from引出。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他抬起胳膊挡住向他脸部打来的一拳。
(3) guard普通用词，指保持警惕以防可能的攻击或伤害。强调警卫，以确保安全。
The dog guarded the house(against strangers) ．
狗守护着房子(防止陌生人进入) 。单句语法填空
①The soldiers’ duty is to defend the country ___________ its enemies.
解析：句意：战士的职责就是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。考查介词。defend“保卫”，defend...against...“保护……使不受……侵害”。介词against符合语境。
选词填空(defend，guard，protect)
②The gate is ___________ by soldiers；you can’t enter.
③He was wearing dark glasses to ___________ his eyes from the sun.
④We will __________ our motherland to the last drop of our blood.against　guarded　protect　defend　本句中Neither did he相当于He didn’t know，either。这里是将“neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”用于否定句之后，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。
①Lily can’t ride a bike，neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车，露西也不会。
②He hasn’t finished his work，neither/nor have I.
他还没完成工作，我也没完成。难 点 解 析I did not know how to use that recorder.Neither did he.
我不知道怎样用那录音机，他也不知道。(1) “so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”用在肯定句后，表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。
Mike is good at playing basketball，so is Jack.
迈克擅长打篮球，杰克也擅长。
(2) 若上述两种结构前的句子既有实义动词又有情态动词，或既有肯定又有否定的情况，则用It is/was the same with...或So it is/was with...句型。
—He came late for school，but he was not punished.
他上学迟到了，但未受到惩罚。
—So it was with me./It was the same with me.
我也是。(3) “so＋同一主语＋be/助动词/情态动词”则意为“某人/物的确如此”，表示同意某人的观点。
—Lucy works hard.
露西工作很努力。
—So she does and so do you.
她的确如此，你也是。补全句子
①简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。
Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and ______________________.
②他很聪明，但不努力；他姐姐也是这样。
He is very clever but he doesn’t work hard； ___________________ his sister/ ______________ his sister.nor/neither will Tom　it is the same with　so it is with　语 法 精 讲倒装是英语中常见的一种语言现象。它具有强调、修饰等作用。若把助动词、情态动词放在主语前，则构成部分倒装；若把谓语动词放在主语前，则构成完全倒装。倒 装
Ⅰ．完全倒装
完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1) There be句型：其中be可换成live，lie，stand，remain，exist，come，go，seem(appear/happen/used) to be等表示“存在”的词。
①There entered a strange little man.
走进来一个奇怪而身材又矮小的人。
②Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前，海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
2) 以here，there，off，out，in，up，down，away，now，then，on等表示方向、位置或时间副词开头的句子，谓语是come，go，be等动词时，并且其主语为名词时，通常使用完全倒装。
①Now，here goes the story.
这个故事是这样的。
②Then came another question.
然后又一个问题被提出来了。
③Away flew the bird.
那鸟飞走了。
④Suddenly，in came a man with a mask on his face.
突然进来一个蒙着面具的人。3) 表示地点的介词短语，常将其放在句首，构成完全倒装，用于强调。注意，此时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词，且主语为名词。
①In the cottage lives a family of six.
在这幢小茅舍里住着一家六口。
②Near the bridge was an old cottage.
在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。
③Next to this one is another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated.
这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修华丽的大饭店。
④On either side of the great avenue stood many block buildings.
这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多综合楼。
4) 表语(充当表语的可以是形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语、副词等) 置于句首，一般是主语较长或结构为较复杂的句子。
①Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.
他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。
②In the armchair lay a cat，half asleep.
一只猫躺在椅子上，半睡半醒。
③Standing around the teacher were her students.
老师周围站着的都是她的学生。
④Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.
同时还讨论了我们在学习中碰到的问题。
⑤First to unfold was the map of the world.
首先要打开的是世界地图。5) such位于句首。
①Such are the fortunes of war.
这些就是战争的机会。
②Such were his last words.
他最后的话就是这些。
Ⅱ．部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1) 为了避免句子内容出现不必要的重复，常用“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词/＋主语”或“neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词/＋主语”的倒装句式。其中第一个句式表示“与前面所述的肯定情况相同”，第二个句式表示“与前面所述的否定情况相同”。
①His brother is a college student，so is mine.
他弟弟是大学生，我弟弟也是。
②He used to have his further study abroad，so did I.
他曾去国外深造过，我也去过。
③One of my friends cannot speak foreign languages，neither can his wife.
我的一个朋友不会说外语，他的妻子也不会。
④They are not now preparing for their final examinations，nor are we.
他们没在为期末考试做准备，我们也没有。
2) 具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时(除否定词修饰主语外)，句子通常采用部分倒装。这类词或短语常见的有：not，never，seldom，hardly，little，nowhere，rarely，scarcely，by no means，under no circumstances，in no way，at no time，not until...，no sooner...(than)，hardly...(when)，not only...(but also) 。
①Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before.
我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。
②So far as I know，seldom does Mary come back to see her mother.
就我所知，玛丽几乎难得回来看她妈妈。
③Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
④By no means are these goods satisfactory.
这些货物一点儿也不令人满意。
⑤Not until twelve o’clock did he go to bed last night.
他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
⑥Not only was the city polluted，but the streets were crowded.
不仅城市被污染，而且街道很拥挤。
⑦No sooner had I returned home from New Zealand than I bought a house and went to live there.
我从新西兰一回国，就买了一栋房子并在那儿住下了。
⑧Hardly had he finished his test paper when the school bell rang.
＝When the bell rang，he had hardly finished his test paper.
他一做完试卷，下课铃就响了。
3) as，though引导的让步状语从句，其中表语、状语等放在as或though之前。注意：as/though引导的让步状语从句具有以下特点：①表语提前，形容词最高级前的the，单数可数名词前的a/an要省略。②主谓结构的句子，谓语动词(原形) 提前时，主语后补出相应的助动词。
①Successful as he is，he is not proud.
尽管他取得了成功，但他并不骄傲。
②Shortest as he is，he is the cleverest of the three.
虽然他是三个人中最矮的，却是最聪明的。
③Child as he is，he knows some of the family secrets.
尽管他还是个孩子，他却知道家里的一些秘密。 (注意child前无冠词)
④Try as I might，I could not lift the stone.
尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。
⑤Too much as/though I like it，I can’t afford it.
虽然我非常喜欢它，但是我却买不起。
4) so/such...that...句型中，so/such部分放在句首，该部分须采用部分倒装。
①So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test.
形势如此地严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。
②So hard did he overwork that he fell ill at last.
他太操劳过度以至于最后病倒了。
③In such a hurry did she leave that she forgot to lock the door.
她匆匆离去，以至于忘记了锁门。
5) 句首以were，had，should开头，省略if的虚拟语气条件句。
①Had they not helped us，we could not have done it so successfully.
如果没有他们的帮助，我们不可能把那件事办的如此成功。
②Should he come，say “Nobody in” to him.
万一他来了，对他说：“公司没人。”
③Were I you，I would go with them.
我要是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。
6) only与副词、介词短语及状语从句连用放在句首时。
①Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样，你才有可能想出解决这个问题的办法。
②Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
叫了三次之后，他才来参加会议。
③Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
只有当病得很重时，他才卧床休息。
7) 频度副词及短语。如：often，always，once，many a time，now and then，every other day等位于句首时。
①Many a time has he given me good advice.
他多次给我忠告。
②Often have I seen these Young Pioneers do good deeds.
我经常看到这些少先队员做好事。
8) 表祝愿的句子常用倒装。
①May our friendship last forever!
愿我们的友谊长存！
②May your company become prosperous!
祝贵公司生意兴隆！
③Long live the great，glorious and correct the Communist Party of China!
伟大、光荣、正确的中国共产党万岁！
9) 某些感叹句也用倒装语序。
①Isn’t it a beautiful garden!
多么美丽的花园啊！
②Have you ever seen such a naughty kid like him!
你见过哪个孩子像他这么调皮！1) 在以there，here，up，down，out，in等副词开头的句子中，主语是代词时，句子不倒装。
There they are.
他们在那边。
2) only修饰主语，句子不倒装。
Only Mary knows the answer.
只有玛丽知道答案。
3) 表示赞同某人的看法时，用So＋S.＋do/does/did.
—I told you that I would come.
我告诉过你我会来的。
—So you did.
你确实说过。
4) not until后接从句时，主句部分倒装，从句不倒装；no sooner...than，hardly...when，not only...but also引导两个分句时，前一分句部分倒装，后一分句不倒装，这种结构常用过去完成时。但在neither...nor结构中，前后两个分句均要倒装。
①Not only did he complain about the food，but also refused to pay for it.
他不仅抱怨饭菜的质量，而且拒不付款。
②Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering.
他刚演讲完观众便欢呼起来。
③No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
④Neither do I know her name，nor does he.
我不知道她的名字，他也不知道。巧学助记
部分倒装口诀：
副词开头要倒装，人称代词非如常；only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装；such代词作表语，引起主谓要倒装；not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。用倒装结构完成句子
1．(2017·江苏卷22改编) __________ (it be) not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
解析：句意：如果没有老师的帮助，这个学生可能克服不了她的困难。根据语境可知，此处考查了虚拟语气的用法，且句子省略了if并将were提到句首，使用了倒装结构。were it not for...“要不是因为……”。
Were it　2．(高考真题改编) Only when Lily walked into the office _________________ (realize) that she had left the contract at home.
解析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要部分倒装。根据时态和句意可知填did she realize。did she realize　3．(高考真题改编) Only after talking to two students _______ I ____________ (discover) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
解析：句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two students，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。did　discover　4．(辽宁卷改编) At no time _______ they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
解析：考查特殊句式的用法。句意：他们实际上没有违反比赛的规则，处罚他们是不公平的。at no time“从不，绝不”，是否定副词，位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。由第二句中的was可知应填did。
5．(湖南卷改编) Not once _______ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
解析：考查倒装语序。句意：麦克怎么也没想到他有一天会成为班里的尖子生。否定副词(Not once) 位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装语序。did　did　把下列句子改为倒装句
1．He didn’t realize the importance of English until he began to work.
Not _________ he _________ to work _______ he realize the importance of English.
2．If you had told him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.
_______ you ________ him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.
until　began　 　did　 Had　told　
3．Jim had hardly entered the house when it began to rain. _____________ Jim entered the house when it began to rain.
4．The box could be opened only by force.
________ by force _________ the box be opened.
5．The earthquake was so serious that the UN sent medical supplies to the area.
________________ the earthquake that the UN sent medical supplies to the area.Hardly had　Only　could　So serious was　巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业Unit 4　Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．You should phone his secretary if you want to make an __appointment__ (预约)．
2．Supermarkets sell many vegetables that have been __processed__ (加工)．
3．Smoking is one of the __chief__ (主要的) causes of lung cancer.
4．There are separated rooms for s __enior__ and junior officers.
5．He moved to the sales __department__ (部门)．
6．A pocket e __dition__ of the dictionary will come out soon.
7．My watch is not very __accurate__ (精确的)．
8．Would you __polish__ (润色)the article a bit?
9．I think the work can be completed a __head__ of time.
10．Please keep me __informed__ (通知)of the latest news.
Ⅱ．用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
ahead of，approve of，senior to，make an appointment，compare with，what if，what about，in the process，be to，depend on
1．The firm is now __in the process__ of moving the main equipment to a new place.
2．I __made an appointment__ to see him in my office on Tuesday morning.
3．The flowers here do not __compare with__ those at home.
4．Henry generally stayed __ahead of__ the others in the academic subjects.
5．All living things __depend on__ the sun for their growth.
6．He is __senior to__ me，though he is three years younger than me.
7．Two leading law firms __are to__ prepare legal actions against tobacco companies.
8．__What if__ it rained and then froze all through those months?
9．Could I ask if you __approve of__ the project?
10．Now __what about__ that shopping list? I’ve got to get going.
Ⅲ．用适当的介词填空
1．I’m eager __for__ success.
2．Whether we’ll go camping this weekend depends __on/upon__ the weather.
3．He is accused __of__ cheating.
4．I don’t think that your talk with him has much influence __on/upon__ him.
5．He was absorbed __in__ his study.
Unit 4　Section Ⅲ
[练案12]
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．She was connected with the __crime__ (犯罪)．
2．This __edition__ (版本)of the dictionary is sold out.
3．The English __Department__ (系) of our school will hold a party to celebrate Christmas.
4．My secretary is __accurate__ (精确的)in her typing.
5．She was unfit for such a __senior__ (高级的)position.
6．If you __polish__ (润色)the article，we will print it in the newspaper.
7．Rice is the __chief__ (主要的)crop in most southern provinces.
8．Do you __approve__ (赞同)of hunting after foxes?
9．The information is being __processed__ (加工)．
10．I have an __appointment__ (约会)with him at four o’clock.
Ⅱ．用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
look forward to，accuse sb.of sth.，be eager to，inform sb.of sth.，concentrate on，so as to，demand to，depend on，assist sb.with sth.，ahead of
1．Tony __assisted__ this teacher __with__ the experiment yesterday.
2．Journalists __inform__ us __of__ local events.
3．They __are eager to__ travel abroad.
4．We could __depend on__ her to arrive early.
5．She __accused__ him __of__ stealing her baby’s toy.
6．Listen carefully __so as to__ follow the teacher.
7．We finished the task __ahead of__ time.
8．I’m __looking forward to__ the letter from my mother.
9．He __concentrated on__ taking photographs and didn’t notice me.
10．She was angry and __demanded to__ be told everything.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．我们听到他痊愈的消息极为高兴。
We __were delighted to hear__ the news of his recovery.
2．我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。
We asked him to __assist us in designing__ a new bridge.
3．你开车时注意力应集中在路上。
You should __concentrate on the road__ when you’re driving.
4．学好商务知识十分必要。
It is necessary to __acquire a good knowledge of__ business.
5．重要的是我们必须被告知所有的进展情况。
It is important that we should __be kept informed of__ all developments.
Ⅳ．完形填空
I have happy memories of trips to Europe, but my trip to Romania was unique.My husband was born there and he 1. __A__ to go to Canada but was rejected. 2. __B__ he became a US citizen when we married.Seven years later, with a US passport, and two children, he wanted to 3. __B__ Romania.He hadn’t seen his mother, two sisters, and two brothers 4. __C__ he was 16.
When we reached Bucharest, his family was waiting outside his sister’s house to 5. __C__ us.After hugging, kissing, and crying, his family also embraced me, the 6. __D__ wife with two young children.
They had great interest in me. 7. __A__ Americans visited Romania at that time, and most Romanians had little 8. __B__ to travel.
I had brought an English-Romanian dictionary with me and 9. __C__ to communicate. My Romanian improved, but mostly I spoke in 10. __A__ Romanian.
Romania didn’t have many dry cleaners. Most homes had 11. __B__ washing machines but no dryers，and it was a hot summer.The relatives had a surprising and simple 12. __D__ :_the women dined in their bras and slippers.The men were shirtless.Disrobing(脱衣服)for dinner was inconvenient.I, of course, having just met them, 13. __A__ fully clothed.I washed my clothes by hand and hung them outdoors to 14. __B__.
On the last night of our 15. __C__，_we had a large family dinner.I was tired of washing my clothes.So I 16. __D__ my dress over my head and placed it on the chair behind me.The 17. __D__ broke out in applause.Even with my poor Romanian, I 18. __B__ that they were saying, “She’s part of our family now.”
My children were 4 and 5 at the time, but they still have memories of that 19. __D__.But most of all, I remember the 20. __C__ dinner we had together.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。英文有句谚语“When in Rome，do as the Romans do”，说的是入国问禁，入乡随俗。“我”随着七年未回祖国的丈夫一起回到了罗马尼亚，受到家人热情款待的同时，了解了一些习惯差异。这些事如今想来，都成了“我”独特而甜蜜的回忆。
1．A．applied B．asked
C．sought D．hesitated
解析：由语境可知作者的丈夫被拒绝，说明他申请去加拿大。apply意为“申请”，符合语境。seek意为“寻求”；hesitate意为“犹豫”。故A项正确。
2．A．Suddenly B．Finally
C．Immediately D．Shortly
解析：由语境可知，当我们结婚时他终于成了美国公民。suddenly意为“突然”；finally意为“终于”；immediately意为“立即”；shortly意为“立刻”。故B项正确。
3．A．study B．visit
C．assess D．deny
解析：七年后，丈夫想回罗马尼亚看望一下。故B项正确。
4．A．after B．until
C．since D．when
解析：由语境可知，自从他十六岁之后再没见过他的妈妈和兄弟姐妹。故C项正确。
5．A．follow B．receive
C．greet D．inform
解析：由语境可知，丈夫的家人在他妹妹的房子外等着迎接我们。follow意为“跟随”；receive意为“收到”；greet意为“迎接”；inform意为“通知”。故C项正确。
6．A．Canadian B．Romanian
C．European D．American
解析：由“ __2__ he became a US citizen when we married”可推知，“我”是美国人。故D项正确。
7．A．Few B．Many
C．Some D．All
解析：联系语境可知，当时很少有美国人去罗马尼亚，所以他们对“我”很感兴趣。故A项正确。
8．A．choice B．chance
C．time D．right
解析：联系语境可知，当时大多数罗马尼亚人很少有机会旅游。故B项正确。
9．A．assisted B．decided
C．managed D．afforded
解析：“我”带了一本双语词典设法和他们进行交流。manage to do sth.意为“设法(成功地)做了某事”。故C项正确。
10．A．broken B．fine
C．admirable D．useful
解析：由语境可知，尽管“我”的罗马尼亚语有进步，但通常“我”说的还是蹩脚的罗马尼亚语。broken意为“蹩脚的，不流利的”。故A项正确。
11．A．modern B．old-fashioned
C．demanding D．popular
解析：根据下文的“but no dryers”可知，大多数家里都是老式的洗衣机。modern意为“现代的”；old-fashioned意为“老式的”；demanding意为“需要技能的”；popular意为“流行的”。故B项正确。
12．A．rule B．idea
C．answer D．solution
解析：根据下文的“the women dined in their bras and slippers.The men were shiftless”可知，他们的解决办法简单，但也让人感到惊奇。rule意为“规则”；idea意为“主意”；answer意为“答案”；solution意为“解决方法”。故D项正确。
13．A．ate B．baked
C．drank D．cooked
解析：根据前文“Disrobing(脱衣服)for dinner was inconvenient”可知，“我”衣着整齐地去吃饭。故A项正确。
14．A．wet B．dry
C．smooth D．rough
解析：由语境可知，此处表示把衣服手洗后挂在户外晾干。故B项正确。
15．A．case B．leave
C．stay D．flight
解析：由语境可知，在我们逗留的最后一个晚上，大家一起聚餐。故C项正确。
16．A．pushed B．raised
C．rolled D．pulled
解析：push意为“推进”；raise意为“举起”；roll意为“卷起”；pull意为“拉”。由语境可知，“我”把衣服拉过头顶(脱下来)，放到身后的椅子上。故D项正确。
17．A．kitchen B．house
C．restaurant D．table
解析：看到“我”的举动，一家人都鼓起掌来。此处指围着桌子吃饭的家人们。故D项正确。
18．A．persuaded B．understood
C．accused D．enjoyed
解析：尽管“我”罗马尼亚语不好，“我”还是明白了他们在说“我”已经融入了这个家庭。故B项正确。
19．A．dilemma B．holiday
C．assignment D．trip
解析：联系上文可知，那时孩子们尽管还小，但对于那次旅行还有记忆。故D项正确。
20．A．only B．extra
C．last D．best
解析：根据上文中的“On the last night of our __15__ ”可知，那是我们在一起吃的最后一顿饭。故C项正确。
Ⅴ．阅读理解
A
For some kids，the news on TV can be difficult to understand.Don’t worry! Here comes Linda Ellerbee.She is a well-known journalist behind Nickelodeon’s Nick News，a special TV program for kids.As the show’s creator and reporter，Ellerbee talks about the news in a way that’s easy for children to understand.
This month，Nick News celebrated its 20th birthday.It is the longest running TV news program for kids.Ann Curry，the host of the program Today，interviewed Ellerbee in New York City.Ellerbee wore her favorite orange shoes—the same pair she wears in the program—for the special occasion.
When asked why she started Nick News，Ellerbee’s answer is simple.“Kids have a right to know，”she says.“And they already do know，but maybe not all the facts.”She looks at her job on Nick News as more than just a news reporter.She says that it’s her duty to explain the news and help children understand what has really happened.
Ellerbee tries to balance bad news with good news，too.“Behind each sad story，there’s always someone or something trying to make it better，”she explains.
Besides important events，Nick News also reports the things that are going on in the world of kids.When deciding what to talk about in the program，Ellerbee says，“We think：What big events are kids unable to avoid? What are they already hearing about? How can we help them understand better？”
文章大意：本文介绍了专为儿童定制的新闻的来源及意义。
1．According to the text，Linda Ellerbee __B__.
A．is now twenty years old B．works as a news reporter
C．likes to wear sports shoes D．knows how to take care of kids
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“As the show’s creator and reporter”可知，Linda Ellerbee是一名新闻记者。
2．Nick News is special because of __D__.
A．the time it begins B．the news it reports
C．the way it collects the news D．the way it tells kids the news
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的最后一句可知，该节目以孩子们容易理解的方式讲述新闻，这是其特别之处。
3．What do we know about Nick News？ __D__
A．It mainly reports exciting news.
B．It is a new program made by Ellerbee.
C．It teaches kids how to make the news.
D．It helps kids learn about the news better.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“explain the news and help children understand what has really happened”可知，Nicky News这一节目可以帮助孩子们更好地了解新闻。
4．What is Ellerbee’s attitude toward her job？ __A__
A．She takes it seriously. B．She thinks it pays well.
C．She finds it a bit boring. D．She’s not interested in it.
解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的后两句可知，Ellerbee对待她的工作很严肃、认真。
B
As a senior high school student, my future is always on my mind.To be exact, thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test.Because of this, words of wisdom are a source of comfort.Steve Jobs gave a speech to Stanford’s graduating class in 2005 and his words resound repeatedly in my mind whenever I think about my future.
It wasn’t always like that, though.It started when I became a junior, when college came into view.It’s the first big step to making your life your own.So when Jobs discussed his life as a student, some fears were eased.He, too, felt the need to attend college to make something of himself.He faced what many are extremely afraid of: uncertainty.His lack of understanding caused him to stop attending college and focus on what he felt was important.His story had a happy ending, of course, since he certainly turned out well.
This doesn’t mean that students shouldn’t attend college, but rather that they shouldn’t worry so much.You’ll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding(蜿蜒的)than you’d like.
Jobs talked about the hardships in his work.His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: don’t panic.
One particular part of his speech stayed with me.Steve Jobs quoted(引用)the saying “Stay hungry, stay foolish” and it has become my motto.Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you’ve learned or experienced.There is always more to explore.Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated.
Steve Jobs’s level of success is attainable, and I aim to prove that.With the will power to go into the world living every day like it’s my last and allowing the future to take care of itself, I will do great things.In the last moments of my life, I’ll be proud of what I have done and hope to have all the wisdom a person could wish for.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者对自己的未来充满了担忧，乔布斯在斯坦福大学的演讲对他有很大影响，让他勇敢面对生活中的不确定因素，努力去实现人生梦想。
5．It is suggested in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that __D__.
A．Steve Jobs didn’t attend college
B．Steve Jobs failed because of his decision
C．The author is a college student
D．The author cares much about his future
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句“As a senior high school student, my future is always on my mind.To be exact, thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test.”可知，作者非常担心自己的未来，并且这种担忧对他的学习产生了较大的影响。故D项正确。
6．What did the author gain from Jobs’s speech？ __C__
A．Courage to drop out of school. B．Confidence in defeating Jobs.
C．Bravery to face uncertainties. D．Interest in computer industry.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“You’ll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding(蜿蜒的)than you’d like.”可知，作者认为尽管我们的人生道路可能会很曲折，但我们一定会实现自己的梦想。乔布斯的演讲让作者能够勇敢地面对生活中种种不确定因素，努力实现人生梦想。故C项正确。
7．What did NOT Steve Jobs encourage students to do in his speech？ __A__
A．Be content with what they know.
B．Have the desire to learn more.
C．Stay calm in the face of hardships.
D．Be modest so as to learn more.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: don’t panic.”可知，乔布斯的演讲教会作者遇见困难要保持镇定，不慌张。根据第五段第三句“Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you’ve learned or experienced.”可知，乔布斯的演讲让作者意识到无论你多么博学，也要谦虚。第五段最后一句“Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated.”告诉作者要永远对知识充满渴望。B、C、D三项内容在演讲中均有体现，文章并没有涉及A项内容。故选择A项。
8．The passage is mainly about __A__.
A．the wisdom drawn from a speech
B．the most impressive quote in life
C．a memorable meeting with Jobs
D．an experience of a speech
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第二句“To be exact, thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test.”可知，作者对未来很担忧，他从乔布斯在斯坦福大学的演讲中学会了要勇敢面对人生，要对知识充满渴望，同时要保持谦虚的态度。所以文章主要介绍了作者从乔布斯的演讲中学到的种种智慧。故A项正确。
课件58张PPT。Unit 4　Making the newsSection Ⅲ 　Using Language自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1．_________ (n.) 罪行；犯罪
2．___________ (n.) 版(本) ；版次
3．______________ (n.) 部门；部；处；系
4．__________ (vt.) 擦亮；磨光；润色
5．_________ (adj.) 主要的；首席的　(n.) 首领；长官
6．___________ (vt.) 加工；处理　(n.) 过程；程序；步骤
crime　
edition　
department　
polish　
chief　
process　7．accurate (adj.) 精确的；正确的→ ______________ (adv.) 精确地
→ ____________ (n.) 精确
8．senior (adj.) 年长的；高年级的→ __________ (adj.) 年轻的；低年级的
9．approve (vt.) 赞成；认可；批准→ ____________ (n.) 许可
10．appointment (n.) 约会；任命→ ___________ (vt.) 委派；任命accurately　accuracy　junior　approval　appoint　Ⅱ．短语互译
1．get absorbed in __________
2．refer...to... ____________________
3．begin with ______________
4．ahead of ________________
5．_________________ 把……传递给……
6．_____________ 最后
7．_______________ 对……满意
8．________________ 应该　　致力于　
把……提交给……　
以……开始　
在……的前面　pass sth.on to　
last of all　
be happy with　
be supposed to　
Ⅲ．课文理解
阅读课文，选出最佳答案
1．What is the main idea of the passage？ ______
A．It is about how Zhou Yang got the scoop.
B．It is about why the story has to be sent to so many people before being printed.
C．It is about the writing and printing process for a newspaper article.
D．It is about how the news story was printed.
C　2．How many people working for the newspaper are mentioned in the passage？ ______
A．6. B．7.
C．8. D．9.
3．What does a desk editor do？ ______
A．He or she edits the piece and designs the main headline and smaller heading.
B．He or she deals with the international news and approves the printing of the article.
C．He or she checks the article and polishes the style.
D．He or she works on the stories and photos until all the pages are set.C　D　
4．Who has the last say on Zhou Yang’s newspaper article in English edition？ ______
A．The copy editor.
B．The editor from International Department.
C．The chief editor.
D．The native speaker employed by the newspaper.
C　5．What’s the RIGHT order of the writing and printing process for a newspaper article？ ______
a．The article is checked and approved by the chief editor.
b．You do some research to see whether the story is true or not.
c．All the stories and photos are set and the colour negatives for the printing are made ready.
d．The article is given to a native speaker to check the use of English and improve the style.
e．You go on an interview to get the information for your story.D　
f．You give the article to another editor to check and copy the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading.
g．You begin to write the story using the notes from the interview.
h．The first edition of the newspaper is printed.
A．e—b—g—d— f—a—c—h B．e—b— f—g—c—a—h—d
C．b—g—e— f— c—a—h—d D．e— b— g—f—d— a— c—h
合 作 探 究We haven’t yet had an accurate timetable to publish these books.
出版这些书，我们还没有准确的时间表。核 心 词 汇1．accurate adj.精确的；正确的to be accurate确切地说
be accurate in/at...在……方面正确
accuracy n．精确；准确
accurately adv.准确地；精确地；正确无误地
inaccurate adj.不正确的；不精确的①Journalists are not always accurate in what they write.
新闻工作者的报道并非总是正确。
②I think it may take some time before we can have an accurate assessment of the damage.
我认为我们对损失作出准确的估算可能需要一些时间。
③It enabled students to devote less time to their studies，or to be more accurate，more time to relaxation.
它让学生们能用更少的时间来学习，或者更确切地说，有更多的时间来放松。
④We should train our students to speak English fluently and accurately.
我们应培养学生流利而准确地说英语。单句语法填空
①Even though the conference hall is near his apartment，he has to hurry a little if he wants to be ____________ (accuracy) ．
解析：句意：即便会议大厅离他的公寓很近，如果他要准时赶到，还是需要快点。作表语应用形容词，accurate“精确的；准确的”。
②Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee ____________ (accurately) self-health-checks.
解析：句意：医学网校毕业生保证不了准确的自我健康检查。作定语修饰名词应用形容词。accurate　accurate　
③Mr Lee was too great! He ______________ (accurate) predicted the development of the incident.
解析：句意：李先生太棒了！他能准确地预测事件的发展。修饰动词应用副词。
④In addition，you need to check the ____________ (accurate) of the information you have got on the Internet.
解析：句意：另外，你需要确认你从网上得到的信息的准确性。由空格前的the可知，所填词应为名词。
accurately　accuracy　(1) adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的；级别(或地位) 高的
①He is five years senior to me.
＝He is senior to me by five years.
他比我大5岁。
②He is senior to me，though he is younger.
他虽然比我年轻，但职位比我高。
③Lying north of the church is a girls’ senior high school.
位于这座教堂以北的是一所女子高中。2．senior(2) n．[C]较某人年长的人；上级，上司
①My elder brother is my senior by two years.
我哥哥比我大两岁。
②She felt unappreciated both by her colleagues and her seniors.
她觉得无论同事还是上司都不赏识她。
注意：一些以-ior结尾的形容词，后常接介词to表示比较，如：superior，inferior，senior，junior等。
This is inferior/superior to that.这个不如/胜过那个。
句型转换
①My brother is two years older than I.
→My brother is ____________ me ______ two years.
→My brother is two years ____________ me.
单句语法填空
②Lisa is senior ______ Judy because Lisa has been working here for two years，while Judy is a newcomer.
解析：句意：丽萨比朱迪资格老，因为丽萨已经在这儿工作了两年，而朱迪只是个新人。be senior to“比……资格老；比……年长”。senior to　by　senior to　to　①Silver polishes easily with this special cloth.
用这块特殊的布能很容易把银擦亮。
②Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather.
要经常擦鞋，以保护皮革。
③Four years of prep school should polish those children.
四年的预科学习应该让这些孩子变得温文尔雅。
④The hotel has polished up its act (＝improved its service) since last year.
这家酒店自去年以来已经改善了服务水平。3．polish v．润色，修正；磨光，擦亮(某物)polish up擦亮；磨光；改善；润色
polish off很快做完；迅速吃光①I’ll have to polish up my Spanish before I go to Spain this summer.
在我今年夏天去西班牙之前，我得提高一下我的西班牙语水平。
②He polished off the pie and the fruit.
他很快吃完了馅饼和水果。图解各种“擦”
单句语法填空
①The company needs to polish ______ its image to make a bigger profit.
②Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ____________ (polish) every page of my draft.
解析：句意：最后，我要感谢我的导师，他对我的论文提出了许多建议并进行了评论，而且润色(polish) 了我的论文草稿的每一页。who引导非限制性定语从句，句子的结构为who has offered...and (has) polished...。up　polished　(1) vi.赞许；赞成，同意
①To make yourself obey what you approved of was freedom.
遵守你自己认同的东西就是自由。
②Her father will never approve of her marrying such a lazy fellow.
她父亲永远不会赞成她嫁给这样懒的一个人。4．approve(2) vt.批准；认可
①Before building work began，a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans had been approved.
在建设工作开始之前，尽管计划已经通过了，许多人还是不想接受碎片大厦的设计。
②The minister approved the building plan.
部长批准了该建筑计划。approve of (doing) sth.赞成(做) 某事
approve of sb.支持某人
approval n．[U，C]赞成；同意；批准单句语法填空
①We don’t approve ______ students staying up late.
②It is said that this plan will ______________ (approve) by the Department of Education，which will be of great help to the students in the poor areas.
补全句子
③他没有批准我的建筑计划。
He __________________ my building plan.
④妈妈不赞成他吸烟。
Mother _______________________________.of　be approved　didn’t approve　doesn’t approve of him smoking　(1) vt.加工；处理(文件、信息等)
①The material will be processed into plastic pellets.
这些材料将会被加工成塑料小球。
②Waste materials from the dustbins can be recycled and processed.
垃圾箱里的废料是可以回收和处理的。5．process(2) n.[C，U]过程；程序；步骤
①He consulted the workers to understand the technical process.
他询问工人为的是了解技术上的程序。
②Losing weight is a slow gradual process.
减肥是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。
in process 在进行中
in the process of在……过程中①Changes are in process.
变化正在发生。
②The house is in the process of being built.
这座房子正在建造中。
补全句子
①我们正在出售自家的住宅。
We’re __________________ selling our house.
②做任何改革恐怕都会是个缓慢的过程。
I’m afraid getting things changed will be ________________.
③我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。
Most of the food we buy _______________ in some way.in the process of　a slow process　is processed　(1) n．底片；否定
①When you pass by the store，please buy some negatives for me.
当你经过那家商店时，请给我买一些底片。
②Peter answered in the negative，which made his father angry.
彼得做了否定的回答，这使他的父亲很生气。6．negative(2) adj.否定的；消极的
①If you have a negative attitude toward life，you will feel unhappy.
如果你对生活有一个消极的态度，你将感到不幸福。
②(2019·江苏卷) This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector with negative consequences for their economies.
这种对“后工业社会”的信念导致这些国家忽视其制造业，对其经济造成负面影响。反义词：positive积极的补全句子
I hope this incident won’t have a __________________ (消极的影响) on the child and make him hopeless.
解析：句意：我希望这次事件不会对那个孩子产生消极的影响，使他感到无望。negative“消极的”符合句意。
negative effect　①Practise in pairs making appointments.
两人一组练习约会。
②I made an appointment to see a specialist.
我约好去见一位专家。
③Now that you have made an appointment with your friend you should keep it and shouldn’t break it.
既然你已经和朋友约好了，你就应该守约而不应该违约。7．appointment n．约会；预约 (1) appointment with...与……的约会
make an appointment约定
keep an appointment守约
by appointment依约；预约
(2) appoint vt.任命；委任；安排
appoint sb.(as/to be) ．..任命某人为/担任……
appoint sb.to do...指定某人做……单句语法填空
①Robert had made an appointment ________ the head of the Drama Club.
②We appointed him _____________ (conduct) the advertising campaign.
③He will only see you ______ appointment.
④Do you know why the new manager resigned shortly after he ________________ (appoint) ?with　to conduct　by　was appointed　单句改错
⑤He received an appointment as an ambassador.
________________
⑥Sam has been appointed the manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.
_________________删除第二个an　去掉第一个the　①Let’s cut through the woods and get ahead of them.
咱们穿过树林抄近路赶到他们前面去。
②By doing extra homework，he soon got ahead of his classmates.
他靠做额外的家庭作业，很快在班上名列前茅。重 点 短 语1．ahead of在……前面；超过；提前①Tom is running ahead of me.
汤姆跑在我前面。
②Jack is running behind me.
杰克跑在我后面。ahead of time，in advance①The building was finished ahead of time.
大楼提前完工了。
②Book a ticket in advance.
预先订一张票。单句语法填空
①In order not to be late for the meeting，we arrived forty minutes ahead ______ the required time，but after what seemed hours of waiting，we were informed the meeting had been canceled.
补全句子
②虽然受伤但未被击败，他仍旧处于我的前列。
Damaged but not defeated，he was still _____________.of　ahead of me　①On receiving the assignment，we set to work at once.
一接到任务，我们就立即开始工作。
②On his arrival，he set to work with us.
他一到就和我们一起干了起来。2．set to work (使) 开始工作；起劲地干起来
补全句子
①他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面。
He set out ___________ (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.
→He set about ____________ (paint) the whole house but finished only the front.to paint　painting　
用set短语填空
②Ralph W．Emerson would always ___________ new ideas that occurred to him.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：Ralph W．Emerson常常将突然想到的新想法写下来。set down“记下”。
set down　写 作 探 究新闻报道，一般是把最近发生的一件事情以最快的速度告诉公众，有时候还要加以评论，所以，它兼有记叙文和议论文的特点。
比较完整的新闻报道一般由标题、主体和结尾三部分组成，但并非每一篇新闻报道都必须有这几个部分，这要根据具体的内容需要而定。
1．标题对于新闻报道很重要，甚至有时一个标题就是一条报道。因而，标题要提炼新闻事件的“精华”，把最吸引人的地方体现出来，同时要简洁。如果需要，可以在正标题下加上副标题。新闻报道类写作
2．在写新闻报道时，一定要交代清楚新闻五要素，即五个“W”：什么事件(What)？谁被牵连到这个事件之中(Who) ？这个事件是什么时候发生的(When)？是在什么地方发生的(Where) ？为什么发生这个事件(Why) ？有时还要加上一个(How)，即事件的过程。报道只有交代清楚事件、人物、时间、地点、原因、过程等，才能使读者觉得报道可信。
3．新闻报道可以根据所报道的内容采用不同的结构。如可采用倒金字塔式结构，即先说结局后说原因，多用于报道一些突发事件；也可以采用时间顺序结构，多用于重大仪式现场报道等。
实战演练
假设你是李华，正在美国探亲。2017年9月8日清晨，你目击了一起交通事故。请写一篇词数为100左右的英语短文描述当时所见的情况。要点如下：
1．(时间) 2017年9月8日清晨7点15分；
2．(地点) 公园路公园门前；
3．(经过) 我正沿公园路向东走，一辆汽车从第三街道向右拐，驶入公园路时撞倒了一位过街的老人，汽车未停，沿公园路向西逃走；
4．汽车是黄色的，车牌号是AB36339，司机是一位女性。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
I witnessed a car accident.
It was 7：15 on the morning of September 8th,2017.I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road. The car drove so fast that it hit the man while he was crossing the road.He fell with a cry.The car didn’t stop but drove off at great speed heading west.I noticed the driver was a young woman and the plate number was AB36339.
About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital.At last he was saved.巩 固 提 升课 时 作 业课件17张PPT。Unit 4　Making the news学习目标展示背景知识链接Print newspapers will soon be part of our history.While the Internet and some other media are rapidly developing in a world where people’s lifestyles are more than busy，there seems to be less time for newspapers.The newspaper industry，in countries where newspapers dominated as a medium for many years，is now struggling more than ever.
Newspaper circulation (发行量) has been declining since over 20 years ago.“I foresee，in one or two generations，a society where you will access a newspaper only from a hand-held screen，” warns William Papatassos，Blue&Gold advisor.The Internet attracts most of the younger people.The problem of newspapers is called “18 to 35-year-old people”．This group of people is not willing to replace the regular readers who grew up using this traditional medium.And they like to surf the Internet to search for information.Some experts predict that by 2043，in America and many other countries，newspapers will no longer exist.
Fortunately，print newspapers still exist and offer advantages to readers. “Newspapers encourage more thoughtful thinking，” says journalist Kathleen Jasonides. “At this point，there is still room for it.Some people do not like reading shortened articles online.”
But some newspapers including the Blue & Gold provide articles of online editions (版本)，bearing in mind the increasing use of the Internet.However，the great variety of specialized information offered by many other websites prevents these online editions from developing.In addition，the newspaper industry has kept its best journalists for print；therefore the quality of articles is not the same.
The only thing that we know for sure is that print newspapers are facing a crisis due to lack of revenues(收入) from traditional advertising and the appearance of the Internet.
文章大意：本文主要对传统报纸的未来进行了思考。由于网络的兴起，传统报纸的发行量和范围受到极大影响，现在越来越多的人倾向于向网络寻求信息。
1．The first two paragraphs mainly imply that print newspapers ______.
A．are facing a greater opportunity
B．are always part of people’s lifestyles
C．are suffering a dreadful challenge
D．have been a leading medium
解析：推理判断题。从文章第一、二段的内容可知，由于因特网和其他媒体的迅速发展，报纸已经不再是主流媒体，从20年前开始，它的发行量就在不断下降。所以，C项“正在经历可怕的挑战”符合题意。
C　2．According to the passage，the people aged 18－35 ______.
A．aren’t ready to use other media to replace newspapers
B．regard the Internet as a main source of news
C．are the regular readers of print newspapers
D．are growing up using the traditional medium
解析：细节理解题。第三段的“This group of people is not willing to replace the regular readers who grew up using this traditional medium.”告诉我们，这群从18至35岁的年轻人不愿意取代以前那些由报纸伴随长大的人，由此可知A、C、D三项均是对原文的误解。又由本段的第四句可知，B项正确。
B　3．Compared with print newspapers ，online editions ______.
A．encourage more thoughtful thinking
B．offer more specialized information
C．offer articles of even higher quality
D．have fewer excellent journalists
解析：细节理解题。从倒数第二段的“...the newspaper industry has kept its best journalists for print；therefore the quality of articles is not the same.”可知，D项正确，C项错误。A项的表述是指报纸，故排除；B项指的是其他的网站，不符合题意。
D　4．We can know the following from the passage EXCEPT that ______.
A．print newspapers have been gradually losing their readers since the 1980s
B．it is believed by some experts that newspapers will disappear in many countries by 2043
C．articles of online editions can increase newspapers’ revenues
D．some newspapers provide articles of online editions due to the growing use of the Internet
解析：细节理解题。C项的表述在文章中并没有提及；第二段第一句告诉我们A项正确；第三段的最后一句告诉我们B项正确；由第五段的第一句可知D项正确。C