高三核心词汇专题复习动词课件（42张PPT）

(共42张PPT)
1、动词的分类

2、动词的功能和形式变化

3、动词的考察重点
1、动词的分类
行为动词（实义动词）含及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;和不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come

连系动词，如appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等

助动词，如be(am,is,are), do(does,did);have(has); will,would,shall

情态动词，如：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)，ought to, need, dare等

2、动词的功能和形式变化
动词在句中可以充当谓语或非谓语功能。

动词在句中作谓语时，动词形式变化要考虑：时态、语态和主谓一致。

动词在句中充当非谓语时，其基本形式为：不定式（to do), 分词(现在分词doing, 过去分词done),和动名词（doing）。动词非谓语形式，在句中充当除谓语之外的各种句子成分，如主语、定语、状语等。

3、动词的考察重点

对于动词的考察，从时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语等角度出发的考察很多，这些考察点，已经有了相应的专题。

对于动词的考察，从动词或动词短语的意思理解和辨析的角度，考得也很多，是近年来高考的热点。
（一）近义动词辨析
（二）形近动词辨析
（三）动词的熟词生义
（四）混合型动词辨析
（一）近义动词辨析
strike/ beat/ hit
1．The church clock began to _______ twelve.
A．hit B．beat C．strike D．touch
【答案】C
hit指“打人”，打中 hit sb. in the face hit-hit-hit
beat是“击打”，连续敲击；打败某人；（心脏）跳动。beat-beat-beaten
strike (钟)敲; 罢工，突击，突然想到；给---印象、把---迷住；擦（火柴）
strike one's eyes; strike a match; strike -struck-struck/stricken
touch触摸，触动。 Don't touch the exhibit. be touched to tears

（一）近义动词辨析
1.strike/ beat/ hit
2．---How did the concert ______ you?
---I wish I could hear it one more time.
A．move B．strike C．influence D．affect

3．—How did the plan _______ you?
—If only it could be carried out smoothly.
A．strike B．attack C．beat
【答案】2.B; 3.A
strike (钟)敲; 罢工，突击，突然想到；给---印象、把---迷住；擦（火柴）
strike one's eyes; strike a match; strike -struck-struck/stricken
striking adj. 给人深刻印象的，显著的。 Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁

（一）近义动词辨析
补充：形近辨析strike/ stick
4．The photo showed Edward with very short hair and his ears ______out.
A．sticking B．stuck C．stick D．strike

5．In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A．sticking B．to be stuck C．stuck D．to have stuck
【答案】4.A; 5.C
strike (钟)敲; 罢工，突击，突然想到；给---印象、把---迷住；擦（火柴）
stick 刺、戳、粘住；stick to 坚持；stick out 伸出，突出；
stick-stuck-stuck get stuck 被困住，被卡住


（一）近义动词辨析
2.substitute /replace
6．The water and soil conservation project resulted in farmers ______ the crops on the farmland _____ trees and grass.
A．to replace; with B．to replace; for C．replacing; with D．replacing; for

7．When I miss my family, it‘s ______great comfort to have a ________ family to be with.
A．a; substitute B．a; replace C．/; substitute D．/; replace

8．It’s very wise of you to____ well-trained workers ____ untrained ones in the assembly line.
A．substitute; for B．substitute; with C．replace; by D．replace; with
【答案】6.C 7. A 8.A
（一）近义动词辨析
9．Sometimes the best is not available to us, and we just ______ the existing situation.
A．settle for B．substitute for C．answer for D．make for

10．I don’t like drinking milk. Please _______coffee for milk.
A．replace B．provide C．serve D．substitute
【答案】9.A; 10.D
substitute A for B= A substitute for B 用A代替B
replace A with B 用B代替A
settle for勉强接受； substitute for取代；answer for对……负责；make for前往

substitute /replace
（一）近义动词辨析
11．Advanced as technology has become now， we still have no ________　　　　 for the common cold.
A．substitute B．cure C．solution D．alternative

12．The doctor advised her to eat more bean products _____meat which might be harmful to her heart disease.
A．for lack of B．by means of C．as a substitute for D．in favor of
【答案】11.B; 12.C
substitute n.代替者；cure治愈；solution解决方案；alternative供替代的选择
for lack of因为缺少；by means of通过...的方法；
as a substitute for作为对…的代替；in favor of支持

substitute /replace
（一）近义动词辨析
13．Cloning technology can______ human life by creating human organs to replace those which fail to function.
A．adjust B．substitute C．extend D．transform

14．The bungalow near the south school gate will be ______ into classrooms for music and art.
A．transmitted B．transferred C．transformed D．transported
【答案】13.C; 14.C
adjust 适应；substitute替换；extend延伸、延长（有效期等）；transform改变
transmit(信号、疾病）传播； transfer（资金等）转移； transformed改变、转变； transport（用交通工具）运输。
3.Transfer/transport/transmit/transform
（一）近义动词辨析
15．How can I ________ money from my bank account to his?
A．transfer B．transform C．transmit D．transplant

16．Every time I look at the old photos, I am ______ back to my early childhood.
A．Translated B．transferred C．transported D．transformed

17．It is widely believed that China has been____ into a more prosperous and advanced country in the last century.
A．transformed B．transferred C．shifted D．transmitted
【答案】15.A; 16.C 17.A
transport（用交通工具）运输;使身临其境
Transfer/transport/transmit/transform
（一）近义动词辨析
18．She is just shy and doesn’t like to talk, so it is rather unfair to her .
A．accuse; with coldness B．charge; with cold
C．charge; of being cold D．accuse; of coldness
【答案】18.D
accuse sb. of (doing) sth
＝charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指责/控告某人做某事
4. accuse/ charge
（一）近义动词辨析
19．--- What do you know made Sarah so upset?
--- _________ giving away state secrets.
A．Charged with B．Being charged with
C．Accusing of D．To be accused of

20．It is reported that some journalists from certain presses got themselves _______false reporting the mine disaster and they are_______ accepting hush(沉默) money
A．involved in; accused of B．involved with; charged of
C．to be involved in; accused with D．to be involved with; charged with
【答案】19.B 20.A
Accuse/ charge
（一）近义动词辨析
21．He was arrested on charges of corruption and _________ of power.
A．amuse B．abuse C．accuse D．adoption

22．The news came as a surprise to us all that Mr. Smith was ______ by the judge with an attempted crime.
A．charged B．accused C．Blame D．criticize

23．The local people _____ building the new hotel because of the great cost.
A．opposed B．objected C．accused D．charged
【答案】21.B 22.A 23.A
abuse of power滥用职权;
oppose doing sth. 反对做某事；object　to　doing反对做某事

Accuse/ charge
（一）近义动词辨析
24．The sound of guns ____the peace of the countryside, which got the villagers into panic.
A．abused B．struck C．violated D．twisted

25．To the public’s delight, a large number of government officials who _______ their power have been well punished.
A．ignored B．abused C．obtained D．countered
【答案】24.C 25.B
abuse v. /n. abuse one's power/child/ drug 滥用权力/虐待孩子/吸毒
violate v. 违反 violate the law/ rules 违反法律/规定
counter v. 反驳、抵制 n. 柜台
5.abuse/ violate/counter
（一）近义动词辨析
26．Lauren Smith was completely_____ in watching TV, so she didn’t hear the step downstairs.
A．absorbed B．attached C．abused D．abandoned

27．When the authorities refuse to register The Slants as an Asian American band’s name, are they ___ its rights?
A．challenging B．violating C．abusing D．confirming
【答案】26.A 27.B
be absorbed in 沉浸于；be attached to附加，伴随；be abused by被滥用/辱骂；be abandoned by 被遗弃。
violate v. 违反,侵犯
5.abuse/ violate/counter
（一）近义动词辨析
28．Rather than ________ there doing nothing, he prefers to help his colleagues with the preparation of the meeting.
A．seat B．sit C．seating D．sitting
【答案】28.B
sit vi. 坐 (sb.) be sitting there.
seat vt. 使---就座 (sb.) be seated.
The stadium seats 1200 students.
6.seat/sit
（一）近义动词辨析
29．—Are you still mad at her?
—Not really, but I can’t that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B．refuse C．reject D．Decline
【答案】29.A
deny否认；拒绝给与 deny the charges 否认指控 deny sb. sth. 拒绝给与
refuse拒绝；refuse to help
reject拒绝,不予考虑 The plan was rejected.
decline谢绝，下降。decline the invitation 谢绝邀请
7.Refuse/decline/deny/reject
（二）形近动词辨析
30．We must soon ______a new teacher to the class.
A．adapt B．appoint C．exchange D．abuse

31．Slavery was ______ in the U. S. in the 19th century, and slaves were given equal rights.
A．absorbed B．abused C．abolished D．adopted
【答案】30.B 31.C
adopt v. 收养，领养；采用 an adopted child一个被领养的孩子;
adopt a new method 采用新方法
adapt v. 改变，使---适应；改编 adapt oneself to sth. 使自己适应；
be adapted from a novel改编自小说
appoint任命，委派； exchange交换；abuse滥用，辱骂；abolish废除
1.adopt/ adapt
（二）形近动词辨析
32．Strict measures have to be ______ to protect______ children from family abuses.
A．adapted; adopted B．adopted; adopted
C．adjusted; adjusted D．attached; adopted

33．The new tax would force companies to __________energy-saving measures.
A．adapt B．adopt C．adjust D address
【答案】32.B 33. B
1.adopt/ adapt
（二）形近动词辨析
34． In order to ________ a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.
A．require B．inquire C．acquire D．address
【答案】34.C
require v. 要求 require that sb. should do sth. 要求某人做某事
meet the job requirements 满足/符合工作（岗位）要求
inquire v.询问、打听 inquiry 询问 inquire about sb. 询问某人情况
acquire v. 获得，习得 an acquired taste 养成的品味
language acquisition 语言习得
2.acquire/require/inquire
（二）形近动词辨析
35．Why not try to ________ your story into a novel?
A．expend B．expand C．expense D．expect
【答案】35.B
expend v.消费， 花费；expense n.
expand v.“扩大，扩展”；expansion n.
Metal expands when heated.金属受热膨胀
expect v.期望，料想; expectation n.
extend v. 延伸、扩大 extension n. extend one's visa 签证延期
extend product range 扩大产品线
The service extends to free dilivery 服务包含（延伸至）免费送货
3.expand/extend
（二）形近动词辨析
36．She _______ down her book and _________ in bed.
A．lay; laid B．laid; lay C．lay; lay D．laid; laid
【答案】36.B
lie v. 说谎 lie —lied —lied
平躺,位于lie— lay —lain
现在分词lying
可以编成顺口溜来记：规则的“说谎”，不规则的“躺”。
lay v.放置,lay— laid— laid ?
lay an egg 下蛋 lay the table 摆放餐桌 lay out 铺开、展开、说明
4.lie/ lay
（二）形近动词辨析
37．On the sofa_______ a little boy, _______ to his father that he had_______ the dictionary on the
bookshelf.
A．lied; lying; laid B．lay; lying; laid
C．lay; laying; laid D．lied; laying; lain

38． He ________ to us that he ________ the watch on the table.
A．lied; lay B．lay; laid C．lied; had laid D．lay; had laid
【答案】37.B 38.C
Don't lie to me. 别对我撒谎。 tell a lie 撒谎 a white lie 善意的谎言
The pond lies in the centre of the park. 池塘位于公园的中心。
4.lie/ lay
（二）形近动词辨析
39．A completely new situation will ___________ when the examination system comes into existence.
A．approve B．raise C．arise D．rise
【答案】39.C
approve赞成，同意，批准；
raise v.筹集，提升，养育; 举起；
raise one's hand举手; raise a family养家；raise money筹集资金
arise v.出现; 产生；Problems may arise. 问题可能出现。
rise v.上升，增强，增加 The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
arouse v.激起，使觉醒 arouse one's concern/interest 引起关注/兴趣
5.rise/raise/arise/arouse
（二）形近动词辨析
40．Accidents_______from drunk driving resulted in more than 10 deaths in that city last year.
A．rising B．arousing C．arising D．raising

41．A completely new situation will ______ when the new examination system comes into existence.
A．rise B．arise C．raise D．arouse
【答案】40.C 41.B
arise from 因---引起
arise (arose, arisen)
arouse (aroused, aroused)

5.rise/raise/arise/arouse
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
42． We seldom hear American ________ a friend or family member using the full name.
A．admit B．admire
C．acknowledge D．address
【答案】42.D
Admit承认，允许；
admire羡慕；
acknowledge承认；
address 称呼，演说，写地址;向某人致辞；处理（问题）
1. address
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
43．The recently released film Kong：Skull Island successfully ________ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.
A．transports B．adjusts C．transforms D．relates
【答案】43.A
【解析】
最近上映的电影《金刚——骷髅岛》成功地运用Dolby3D技术将观众带去冒险。
transport (用交通工具）运送；（以自然方式）传播；使产生身临其境的感觉
adjust调整；
transform转换；
relate叙述，联系， 把---联系起来relate A to B
2.transport
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
44．—I got a text message saying my phone number won a prize worth $5 000.
—Too good to be true. Don't ________ it.
A．make B．do C．hold D．buy
【答案】44.D
【解析】
句义：我收到了一条短信说我的电话号码中了5000美元的大奖。别相信。
I don't buy it. 我不信。I don't buy your story. 我不相信你的鬼话。
Make it. 成功地做了某事。
3.buy
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
45．Try not to cough more than you can _______ since it may cause problems to your lungs.
A．check B．allow C．stop D．help
【答案】45.D
句义：句意：尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题。
help 帮助；援助；改善、促进
Don't do sth. more than one can help 尽量不要做某事。
I can't help it. 没办法，忍不住。
can't help but do sth. 只能做某事
can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事，忍不住做某事
can't help （to ）do sth. 不能帮忙
3.help
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
46．People are wondering which of the five sons will ________ their father as general manager after his death.
A．follow B．serve C．succeed D．remove
【答案】46.C
follow跟随； serve招待、服务；remove 消除，去除
succeed成功，继承
4. succeed
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
47．—I’d been standing there for several minutes before he ________ my presence.
—He must have been absorbed in his reading.
A．neglected B．maintained C．registered D．revealed
【答案】47.C
句意：——我在那儿站了好几分钟他才给我登记。——他肯定沉浸于读书。
neglected忽视；maintained维持； revealed泄露。
registered注册，登记；(正式或公开地）发表意见，显示（读数）；记录
5. register
（三）动词的熟词生义辨析
48．Whoever is in charge of the mining company will ________ the responsibility for safety accidents.
A．skip B．supervise C．assume D．distinguish
【答案】48.C
句意：负责矿业公司的人将承担安全事故的责任。
skip跳过； supervise监督； distinguish辨别
assume 假定，假设；承担（责任）；就职；呈现（外观，样子）
6. assume
（四）混合型动词辨析
49． Mr. Johnson was so much afraid of losing his job that he had to _______ his pride when the boss called him names in public.
A．abuse B．clarify C．decline D．swallow

50．As she ________ more and more experience on the stage, the comedian’s confidence built up gradually.
A．abused B．accompanied C．accumulated D．accelerated
【答案】49.D 50. C
abuse滥用；虐待；辱骂 clarify使清楚，澄清;decline降低；衰落；谢绝;swallow吞咽；忍耐，忍受。句意：杰森非常害怕丢掉工作以至于当老板在公共场合骂他时，他不得不放下他的自尊。填swallow，取“吞”，引申为放下。

abused虐待，辱骂；accompanied陪同；陪伴，伴奏；accumulated堆积，积累；accelerated加速的，加快。
（四）混合型动词辨析
【答案】
51-55ACCA A 56-60DADDB
61-65CCACB 66-70CCBCB
71-75DCAAC 76-80CABCA
81-85ACBDD 86-90CDBCC
91-95CAAAA
（四）混合型动词辨析
96．（2018·江苏）Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A．indicate B．Investigate C．imitate D．innovate

97．（2018·天津）It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A．display B．acquire C．teach D．test
【答案】96.C 97. B
句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。

句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。
（四）混合型动词辨析
98．She ______the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
A．connected B．fitted C．equipped D．matched

99．I'd prefer to ________my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A．show B．express C．pass D．reserve
【答案】98.D 99.D
句意为：她用一些颜色相配的漂亮窗帘来搭配地毯。
match使相配；connect连接；fit使适合；equip装备，配备。

Show 展示；express 表达； pass 通过；reserve 预定；保留
（四）混合型动词辨析
100．A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.
A．shape B．switch C．stretch D．sharpen

101．Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending quite a lot of time with students.
A．enjoys B．involves C．practices D．suggests
【答案】100.A 101.B
shape塑造，规划;sharpen提高，进步；switch转换；stretch伸展。
句意：成功和失败有助于提前规划你的来年

enjoy享受；involves涉及到，包括，需要，意味着； practice练习； suggest建议。句意：Michelle找到一份高中老师的工作，这意味着花很多时间和学生在一起
Homework
1. 错题整理：先理解题目和选项，弄明白后，勾选重点题整理。
2. 熟记词汇表后的不规则动词表。
3. 提醒：关注词汇的多种意思。
4. 选择性作业：今日习题，有打乱顺序的版本可以再次练习。