高三核心词汇专题复习名词课件（28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
1. Nowadays the _______ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. (2019 江苏）
A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension
2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _____ you’ve made. (2018 江苏）
A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption
3.Some schools will have to make _________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.（2015 江苏）
A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements
I. 高考名词考点研究
-tion/-sion
abortion 流产 addition 增加 addiction 上瘾 adaptation 适应、改编
accommodation 住宿、和解 accumulation 积累 acquisition 获得、收购 association 联合、协会
admiration 钦佩 admission 承认、
入场费 ambition 雄心、抱负 assumption 假设、承担
application 应用、申请 appreciation 欣赏、感激、增值 affection 喜爱　 attraction 吸引
contradiction 矛盾 consumption 消费、
消耗 conservation 保护 convention 习俗、惯例　
composition 作品、构成 corruption 贪污、
腐败 celebration 庆祝　 civilization 文明　
consideration 考虑　 contribution 贡献、
捐献 construction 建设、构建 conclusion 结论　
declaration 宣布 decoration 装饰 description 描述 definition 定义
distinction 区别、卓越 distribution 分布、
分配　 discrimination 区别、歧视 determination 决心
-tion/-sion
division 分割、部门 dimension 方面、维度 expectation 预期、期望 expression 表达、表情
explanation 解释 explosion 爆炸、激增 exploration 探索 expansion 扩张、发展
evaluation 评价、评估 evolution 演变、进化 hesitation 犹豫　 motivation 动机、动力
inspiration 灵感、鼓励 instruction 教导、说明 Institution 机构、制度 introduction 介绍、引入
invention 发明 intention 意图 invitation 邀请、引诱 innovation 创新
identification 识别身份 impression 印象 immigration 移民 opposition 反对
occupation 占据、职业 profession 职业 position 立场、地位　 qualification 资格
participation 参与 prescription 处方 preparation 准备 presentation 展示
pension 养老金 permission 允许 possession 拥有、财产 revision 复习、修正
-tion/-sion
reaction 反应 recreation 休闲娱乐 recognition 公认、识别　 revolution 革命、旋转
regulation 规则、管理 reputation 名声名誉　 reservation 预约、保留 restriction 限制
satisfaction 满意、赔偿 session 会议、学期 separation 分离 starvation 饥饿
suspension 暂停、悬浮 tension 紧张 temptation 诱惑
-ment
achievement 成就、成绩 adjustment 调整　 announcement 宣布、公告　 amusement 娱乐
agreement 同意、协议 appointment 约定、任命 argument 争论、论点　 arrangement 安排
assessment 评估 assignment 任务、作业 commitment 承诺、献身　 compliment 恭维　
improvement 改进 investment 投资　 replacement 替代 retirement 退休、退役
-ence/ance
absence 缺席、
缺少 acquaintance 熟人、了解 reference 参考 preference 偏爱
coincidence 巧合 convenience 便利 evidence 证据 existence 存在
significance 意义　 innocence 清白、无辜 　 　
-ty
anxiety 焦虑、渴望 dignity 尊严 stability 稳定性 disability 残疾、无能
flexibility 弹性、灵活性 responsibility 责任 possibility 可能性 reliability 可靠性
equality 相等、平等 gravity 严重性、重力 security 安全性、抵押品 reality 现实
-cy
con-
com-
accuracy 精确度　 currency 货币、流通、流行 frequency 频繁、频率　 tendency 倾向、偏好
conscience 良心 consensus 共识　 consequence 结果、后果 consciousness 意识、知觉　
contact 接触、联系 contrast 对比、反差 contract 合同
compensation 补偿　 competition 竞争　 composition 作品、成分 comprehension 理解
combination 结合　 communication 交流、沟通 competence 能力、胜任　 component 组成、部件
companion 伙伴 compromise 妥协、折衷　 　 　 　
sign 记号、迹象、手势、指示牌、星座 sigh 叹气 sight 视力、眼界 signal 信号
1.— I’m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.
— There is no _________ for this while you are on duty.
A. reason B. excuse C. cause D. explanation
2. The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage
I. 高考名词考点研究
cause 起因 reason 原因　 excuse 借口 explanation 解释
priority 优先 privilege 特权、荣幸 prejudice 偏见 discrimination 歧视
position 职位、
立场 condition 条件 situation 情形、形势　 occasion 时机、
庆典　
habit 个人习惯 custom 习俗 tradition 传统 practice 惯例做法
harm 危害 injury 身体受伤 ruin 毁、成废墟　 damage 破坏
spoil 宠坏、毁 destruction 摧毁　 　 　 　 　
ability 能力 skill 技能 trick 技巧诀窍　 strength 长处
fee 学费、
服务费 fare 车船费　 commission 佣金 deposit 定金
imagination 想象力 vision 憧憬、视野 fantasy 幻想 illusion 错觉
sight 视力、
眼界 scene 场景 scenery 风景 view 某一位置、角度看到的风景
facility 设施 instrument 乐器、仪器 equipment 装备 furniture 家俱
1.—Can you tell us your _________ for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely. （2016 江苏）
A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt
2. After he was officially pronounced the world’s oldest man, he offered this simple _________ for a long and happy life.
(2020 苏北四市第一学期期末 )
A. affection B. formula C. preference D. desire
I. 高考名词考点研究
1. She asked for an advance on her salary. (n.预付(款))
2. The news will first go on air at 8 pm this Sunday. (n.广播)
3. The headmaster’s speech gave the meeting a heated air. (n.样子,神态,气氛)
4. Most of our flights have a baggage allowance of 44 lbs per passenger.?（n 限额）
5. Changes for this year include an increase in the tax allowance.?(n 免税额)
6. The local tyrant(土豪) gave his son an allowance of ￥5,000 a week. (零用钱；津贴)
7. They'll make allowances for the fact it's affecting our performance.?（n 考虑到）
8. The balance on your account is $5. (n.差额,余款)
9. Some of our best brains are leaving the US to work in our own country. (n.智者,极聪明的人)
10. The athlete has a solid build. (n.身材；体形)
11. For the cause of revolution, he did not fear to die. (n.事业)
12. a police/prison cell (n.拘留室；牢房)
13. The actual efficiency of?solar?cell?can rise to 30% from 10%. (n.电池)
14. Most women find they’ll meet with a glass ceiling in their career.(n.上限)
15. Our dinner consisted of three courses only. (n.一道菜)
16. He claimed 7,000 damages from the taxi company. (n.赔偿金(复数)＝compensation)
17. The game ended in a draw/tie. (n. 平局)
18. He greeted us warmly in his usual friendly fashion. (n.方式)
19. Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him? (n.理由)
20. His success was due to his industry. (n.勤奋)
21. He acquired interests in a number of mines in this area. (n.利益；股份)
22. The last leg of the journey always seems the longest. (n.一段路程或赛程)
23. The film sends a clear message about the dangers of drug－taking. (n.教益；寓意)
24. Not only?crops,?but also?family?income?and?nutrition?are?at?the?mercy?of?rain?clouds. (n.支配)
25. I pushed the rock with all my might. (n.力量,权威)
26. Her new novel is a must for all lovers of crime fiction. (n.必须的物品,不可缺少的东西)
27. The overall picture for farming is encouraging. (n.状况；情形；形势)
28. Please give my regards to your parents. (n.问候,致意)
29. Do you want a single or a return? (n.来回车票)
30. I’m a reserve for the school football team. (n.替补队员；后备队员)
31. There is a newspaper stand at the corner. (n.货摊；售货亭)
32. We need male subjects between the age of 18 and 25 for the experiment. (n.接受试验者)
33. Several hundred workers struck in sympathy with their colleagues.? (n.赞成)
34. The new driver got a ticket for speeding. (n.罚票,罚款单)
35. We must find out the vehicle of the disease at first. (n.媒介,载体)
36. This society welcomes people from all walks of life. (n.行业）
1.Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employee’s professional development.
(2019 江苏)
A. in effect B. in command C. in turn D. in shape
2.China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of
China globally.(2018 江苏)
A. in line with B. in reply to C. in return for D. in honor of
3. Determining where we are _________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.(2017 江苏)
A. in contrast to B. in defense of C. in face of D. in relation to
4.The dictionary is _________: many words have been added to the language since it was published.(2016 天津)
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach
I. 高考名词考点研究
at ease 不拘束 at hand 在手边 at random 随机 at will 随心所欲
at best 充其量 at length 最后、详细地 by virtue of 凭借 by accident/chance 碰巧
in the wake of 紧跟-- in conflict with 矛盾 in this regard 在这方面 around the corner 即将到来
in decline 在衰退 in detail 详细地 in effect 生效 in order 秩序井然
in place 适当 in return 回报 in turn 转而、
依次 in vain 徒劳
in view/light of 鉴于-- in honor of 为了纪念 in favor of 支持、
对---有利 in spite of 尽管
in terms of 在-方面、按照 in line with 符合、一致 in preference to 而不是 in tune with 协调、一致
in contrast with 对比 in salute to 致敬-- in response to 回应 in harmony with 和谐
in/with regard to 关于 with respect to 关于 in reference to 关于 for reference 供参考
on account of 因为 on track 上正轨 on one’s behalf 代表--- on trial 在审判、在实验
out of date 过时的 out of place 不合适 out of shape 身体欠佳 out of reach 够不着
II. 解题技巧

1.从上下文语境入手、理解出题者要表达的语义，将四个选项逐一代入、
琢磨是否契合语境。

2.找不到契合上下文语境的词，可能是碰到熟词生义。从词的基本词义扩
散思维，找到最贴近上下文语境的词。

3.平时积累是关键。多摘记、反复背诵；多读课外英语新闻、文摘等，培
养语言能力。
1.________ the heroes sacrificing their lives for the country’s glorious causes, red is chosen
as the basic color of the national flag.(2020 苏北四市第一学期期末)
A. In regard to B. In proportion to C. In salute to D. In response to
2. The candidate is not likely to win ________ the fact that many voters have voiced their
public disapproval.(2020 扬州第一学期期末)
A. in case of B. in honor of C. in view of D. in favor of
3. If you feel any________ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping. (2020 扬州第一学期期末)
A. tension B. abortion C. submission D. dimension
4. The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the latest _________ in Shanghai in August.(2020 苏州第一学期期末)
A. exploration B. exclusion C. expansion D. explosion
5. We didn’t travel much during the holiday, _________ because of the tight budget, but
also because of the huge crowds. (2020 苏州第一学期期末)
A. in turn B. in part C. in vain D. in effect
III. 练一练
6. When I am faced with any illegal behavior, my _______ will not allow me to sit there
in silence.( 2020 南通第一学期期末)
A. conscience B. assessment C. dilemma D. privilege
7. The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products.( 2020 镇江第一学期期末)
A. conservation B. imagination C. presentation D. qualification
8. As a salesman, much of his success comes from being _______ what his customers want.
( 2020 镇江第一学期期末)
A. in competition with B. in contrast with C. in company with D. in tune with
9. A range of green campaigns have been launched globally ________ the gravity of the
climate crisis. ( 2020 南通第一学期期末)
A. in contrast to B. in terms of C. in defense of D. in response to
10. Credits in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain _________ to competitive schools. ( 2020 无锡第一学期期末)
A. privilege B. distinction C. currency D. admission
III. 练一练
11.The businessman studied the market in his hometown to find the _______ for investment.(2019 苏北七市三模)
A. potential B. reservation C. criterion D. allowance
12.The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another _________ to the colors
in the harvest season.(2019 南京、盐城三模)
A. theme B. version C. category D. dimension
13.I got more ________ about him from reading his books than from talking to him.
(2019 南京、盐城二模)
A. insights B. memories C. resources D. experiences
14.Jack’s fellow workers often turn to him for help when in trouble because he is a ______
of ideas.(2019 南通、泰州七市第一次调研)
A. fountain B. session C. diagram D. resource
15.As an American living in Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ______
to be a witness to China’s great progress.(2019 泰州一模)
A. privilege B. preference C. priority D. principle
III. 练一练
16.Communication can help you gain more respect from your parents, and you may be
able to reach ________ that make everyone happy.(2019 苏锡常镇二模)
A. compromises B. contributions C. congratulations D. competitions
17.The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ — the proper balance of
mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water. (2019 南京、盐城一模)
A. construction B. conservation C. corporation D. composition
18. Is it common practice that salesmen receive a 10% ________ on all sales made?
(2017南京、盐城二模)
A. deposit B. receipt C. pension D. commission
19. The audience burst into laughter because of a ________ of the tongue from the host,
who said, ‘Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.’(2019 徐州第一次质检)
A. slip B. slide C. seal D. spit
20. Elizabeth shows great ________ in her choice of friends, so she has a lot of trustworthy companions.(2018 苏北七市5月联考)
A. comprehension B. discrimination C. determination D. consideration
III. 练一练
21. As for your _________ about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask
him either to give you another pair or to give your money back. (2019 无锡一模)
A. composition B. compromise C. complaint D. concept
22. Home-sharing in rural areas has huge growth _______ as more and more Chinese tourists
are traveling to villages for unique rural experiences.(2019 苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)
A. survival B. potential C. interval D. approval
23. America has become known for its _______ for individualism, which has been a source
of its conflict with other cultures.(2018 南京、盐城二模)
A. push B. ban C. offence D. control
24. Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of _________.(2019 镇江一模)
A. inspiration B. composition C. occupation D. combination
25.To better our cultural moral character, we students might as well increase our ________
for reading.(2018 苏北六市3月联考)
A. qualification B. tendency C. appetite D. application
III. 练一练
26. The quiet life of the country has never had ________ for me in that I have always
regarded the country as something you look at through a train window.(2017 苏锡常镇一模)
A. appeal B. appetite C. affection D. application
27.Every great accomplishment rests on the ________ of what came before it. When you
trace it back, you’ll see one small step that started it all.(2018 苏锡常镇一模)
A. reputation B. expectation C. recreation D. foundation
28.Heavy debts have left the firm faced with an economic ________ in the financial crisis.
(2018 南通、泰州一模)
A. switch B. scratch C. squeeze D. status
29. The couple was initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop
the idea after facing ________ from parents. (2019 苏锡常镇一模)
A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. proportion
30.The online word ‘selfie’ is gaining _______ and more and more people tend to use it nowadays.(2017苏北四市三模)
A. access B. admission C. control D. currency
III. 练一练
解题技巧

1.从上下文语境入手、理解出题者要表达的语义，将四个选项逐一代入、
琢磨是否契合语境。

2.找不到契合上下文语境的词，可能是碰到熟词生义。从词的基本词义扩
散思维，找到最贴近上下文语境的词。

3.平时积累是关键。多摘记、反复背诵；多读课外英语新闻、文摘等，培
养语言能力。
1.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) _________ on our lives
in many ways.(2019 天津）
A. statement B. impact C. impression D. judgment
2.The_________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired
scientists to explore the outer space. (2018 天津）
A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation
3.The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _________ of rain later tonight.
（2016 天津）
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
4.It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your________.（2016 浙江）
A. condition B. income C. credit D. status
5.One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ is to talk about feelings with
someone you trust. （2015 浙江）
A. production B. stress C. energy D. power
课后练习
6.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ________ and then let me
know. (2015 安徽)
A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority
7.The failure was a big ________ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as
enthusiastic as ever.（2015 福建）
A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor
8.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my _________.（2015 江苏）
A. request B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets
9.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay
________.(2014 江苏)
A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion
10. —Could you tell me the _________ of making such tasty cakes?
— Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.(2014 福建）
A. feature B. plan C. cost D. trick
课后练习