外研英语必修3Module 3 The Violence of Nature Grammar课件（共19张PPT）

(共19张PPT)


4
B3M5语法-定语从句
Book3M5 Grammar

Attributive Clauses(1)




4
Learning aims:
Master the grammar rules and important
points about the attributive clause firmly; promote your ability of solving problems.
2. Learn to analyze and solve problems by self-study and cooperation.
3. Set up your confidence of conquering grammar and experience the pleasure.
4.Learn about the definition and structure.
5.Master the usage of the reletives.
B3M5语法-定语从句
定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
Qingshen High School is a place
which has advanced ideas of teaching.
先行词
where there is no superman but only the spirit of the real fighter.



关系代词
关系副词
定义
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
1. Definition （定义）
定语从句: 在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
I like school dancing that can give us pleasure.
被修饰的词称为先行词(antecedent )．
连接定语从句和先行词的词称为关系词(引导词)。
Grammar:

主句
定语从句
Ms. Zhu is a lady.


Ms. Zhu is a lady


the lady

who likes playing Ping-pong.

主句

从句

1. 连接 2. 替代 3. 成分

关系代词(主语、宾语)：who, that, which, whom, whose
关系副词(状语)：when, where, why


4
Book 3 Module5 经典句式回顾
1.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
3.Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.
4.Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.
5.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
6.Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.
6.Born in 476 BC,he came from a family which was very poor.
7.Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves.
B3M5语法-定语从句


4
预习案暴露问题：

不能准确区分关系代词与关系副词
关系代词whose的准确使用
对定语从句与名词性从句的区分和联系非常模糊
B3M5语法-定语从句
关系词类别 关系词 先行词 充当从句的句子成分
关系代词 who
whom
which
that
as
whose
关系副词 when
where
why

时间
人
人/物
物
人/物
人/物
人
地点
原因
主、宾
宾
主、宾
主、宾
主、宾
状
状
状
定

归纳：关系词的用法

作用 who whom which that whose when where why
做主语
做宾语
做定语
做状语

√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
注意：
做宾语时，关系词可省；
只有that可做表语；
2.Who 和 that不能用于介词后面。


4
做宾语时，关系词可省；
只有that可做表语；
e.g: He is not the man that he was 10 years ago
3. Who 和 that不能用于介词后面。
注意：
B3M5语法-定语从句
关系词的正确选用
1. This is the job __________ he enjoys himself so much.
2. This is the job____________ he enjoys so much.
3. The reason ______________ I bought the roses is that my girlfriend likes them.
4. The reason ________________ he explained to me is simply unbelievable.
5. December 21st ,2012 was a time ________the world would end according to Mayan perdition.
6. December 21st, 2012 was a time _____________ I would pay attention to.



where/in which
(which/that)
why
(which/that)
when
(which/that)
I study in Qingshen High School _______ there are a lot of hard working students.

I love the game _____ we can get a lot of pleasure.

That is really a dangerous situation ______ the car nearly hit the man



I want to go to Chengdu _______ the MUN will be held.
I want to go to Chengdu ________ is a beautiful place.

I want to go back to the farm ____ I worked 2 days ago.
I want to go back to the farm ____ I visited 2 days ago.
where
where
where
where
where
that/which
that/ which /…
on which


4
关系词的正确选择
定语从句解题三步骤
1.划主、从句，确定先行词；
2.把先行词还原到定语从中，确认其担任的成分，同时看从句中的动词是否是Vi or Vt以及从句成分是否完整；
3.考虑特殊情况，确定关系词。
We should go to the place_____ we are most needed.
We should go to the place_____ needs us most.
_____ our boss likes best.
A. it B. where C. that D. what
B3M5语法-定语从句


4
The building _____gate faces south is my office.
The building _____faces south is my office.
A. whose B. where C. which D. in which
举一反三：
B3M5语法-定语从句
I can’t forget the days __________ I spent in the army.(Vt)
I can’t forget the days _______ I stayed with the soldiers.(Vi)
A. which B. what C. when D. where
This is the factory ________employs a lot of foreigners.(Vt)
This is the factory _________a lot of foreigners work.(Vi)
A. which B. what C. when D. where
The reason ___________he gave to me is only an excuse.
The reason __________he was absent from the meeting is that his mother was badly ill.
A. which B. what C. why D. where



A
C
A
D
A
C


4
B3M5语法-定语从句
只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的6种情况：

a) 不定代词，如：any, nothing, something, somebody, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
凡是能够做的都已经做了。
All that could be done has been done.
b) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。　
这正是我需要的书。
This is the very book that I need.
　
c) 先行词为序数词、形容词最高级时或先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。
He is the last man that I want to marry.




4
B3M5语法-定语从句
d) 先行词既有人又有物时，只用that。
They spent the whole night talking about the things and people that have impressed them deeply in high school.
e) 关系代词在从句中作表语时，用that。
China is no longer the country that it was 30 years ago
f) which/who引导的特殊疑问句中，用that。
Which of the events that have happened this year has impressed you most?
你在找的人是谁？
Who is the person __________________________?
that you are looking for


4
B3M5语法-定语从句
关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定
1. 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。
Is that the newspaper ____which you often write articles?
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。
Can you explain to me how to use these idioms ________which I’m not sure.
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。
1949 was the year ___which the P.R.C. was founded.

for
about/of
in
when


4
B3M5语法-定语从句
Thank you for attending!
Goodbye