外研英语必修3 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Grammar动词不定式 课件（共28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
Lyrics:
1. I’m wasting my time, I got nothing to do.
2. I’d like to change my point of view.
3. I’d like to go out taking a shower.
4. Isolation, I don’t want to sit on a lemon tree.




动词不定式指由to加上动词原形所构成的一种非谓语动词的形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
Grammar


1.动词不定式的构成
2.动词不定式的否定
3.动词不定式的时态和语态
4.动词不定式的用法
X
X
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening.
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补


动词不定式可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。
一.作主语
To master a foreign language is really important nowadays.
To give up smoking is right.
1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
2. 放弃吸烟是对的。
1)用it作形式主语
It + be + adj. / n. +for sb + to do sth
It + be + adj. / n. +of sb + to do sth

（1）使用“for”是因其前的形容词是表示客观情况的形容词，如：easy, difficult, important, necessary, hard, impossible, interesting, unnecessary, possible等

（2）使用“of”是因其前的形容词是表示主语的特征或态度，如：kind, nice, wise, clever, foolish, wrong, careful, thoughtful, careless, polite, impolite等。





二.作宾语
Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.
He promised not to tell anyone about it.

1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。
afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish


The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.
Remember!
三. 作表语
My dream is to become a popular English teacher.
To see is to believe.
1. 我的梦想是成为一名受欢迎的英语老师。
2. 眼见为实。
四.作定语
Do you have anything to say?
1. 你有什么要说的吗?
2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人.
Betty was the first to know the truth.
3.Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.
A. make friend with B. make friends of
C. make friends D. make friends with
4.The?assistant?works?very?hard.?She?is?always?the?first?_____?and?the?last?_____. A.?come,?leave???B.?coming,?leaving??
C.?to?come,?to?leave???D.?to?come,?leaving

解析：由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。
It seems that he has no pen ______ . A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with

注意
如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，
其后应加上必要的介词
Eg. He is a pleasant person to work with.
不定式作定语，往往表示将要发生的动作。
I have a lot of work to do
I have a lot of work to be done.
The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.
注意
五.作状语
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.
They jumped with joy to hear the news.

I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.
目的状语.
原因状语.
结果状语

目的状语: 常用的结构—to do; in order to do, so as to do, etc.
I come here to say good-bye to you.
结果状语: 常与only , enough 或too连用。
He studied hard only to fail the exam.
He is old enough to go to school.
原因状语: 一般用在句尾
I’m glad to see you.
1.—Can the project be finished as planned? ?? —Sure,______ it completed in time ,we’ll work two more hours a day. A. having got????????B. to get????????C. getting?????? D. get
2. He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.? A. to find?????? B. finding??????C. found??????D. to have found?
六.作宾补
She asked me to stay there.
1. 她叫我呆在这儿。
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。
Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.


1) 带to的不定式作宾补。很多动词如: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后面作宾补的不定式都带to。
2）感官动词类（V + sb. + do sth.）
see/ hear/ notice/ watch/ look at/ hear/
listen to/ feel…
I often hear them sing the song in the next room .
We watched them play football .

The teacher made me answer the question.
但这些动词用于被动结构时，省去的to要加上。
They were heard to sing a pop song.
He was made to answer the question.
3）使役动词类（V + sb. + do sth.）
make/ let / have…


如:I saw him ______(go) upstairs.
He was seen _________(go) upstairs.
有人看见他上楼去了。
注意
1.He was made _________.
go B. gone C. going D. to go
2.Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.
cry；to cry B. crying；crying
cry；cry D. to cry；cry
七. Speaking:
Let’s talk about our dream.
My dream is to be a/an _______.
I want to be a/an __________is because______________________.
In order to achieve my dream, I will spare no efforts to _________.
八. Homework
Use what you have learned today to write something about your dream.