译林高中英语模块三Unit 3 Back to the past语法复习（共58张PPT）
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| 名称 | 译林高中英语模块三Unit 3 Back to the past语法复习（共58张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-05 16:28:38 | ||
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(共58张PPT)
M3U3语法复习
复习课需要解决的问题
一、你已经学了什么？
二、你还需要学什么？
三、你学得怎么样？
四、你还有什么问题？
A. 宾语补足语复习
一、你已经学了什么？
英语中句子的宾语需要进一步补充说明时，其后常接补充成分，称为宾语补足语。
1. 什么是宾语补足语？
名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词（包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词）等。关于非谓语动词作宾语补足语将在高二阶段系统学习。
2. 哪些词可以充当宾语补足语？
表示独一无二的职务、称呼、头衔作宾语补足语的时候不加冠词。
3. 名词作宾语补足语什么时候不需要加冠词？
试比较：
We elected John captain of the team.
We think him a good person.
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三使：make, let, have
五看：observe, see, watch, notice, look at
半帮：help
4. 哪些动词接不定式作宾语补足语需要省去小品词to？
现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行， 不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的终结、经常如此或者即将发生。
5. 动词不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语有什么区别？
试比较：
--- Listen! Can you hear John crying upstairs?
--- Don’t worry. He is singing. You will often hear him sing like this.
当作宾语的sb.或者sth.变成主语的时候，宾语补足语相应变成主语补足语。此时，不仅句子成分发生了变化，原本省去了的小品词to要重新补上。
6. 宾语补足语变成主语补足语要注意什么？
例如：
Tim often made his sister cry, but today he was made to cry by his sister.
A. 宾语补足语复习
二、你还需要学什么？
1）宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语位置不可互换。
2）双宾语是一个动词的两个宾语，通常一个是人，叫间接宾语，一个是物，叫做直接宾语。直接宾语和间接宾语的位置通常可以互换，最常见的是“人间在前物直后，物直在前介人间”。带双宾语的动词有give, offer, make, buy, introduce, repeat, recommend等。
复合宾语和双宾语有什么区别？
试比较：
We think him a good person.（复合宾语）
不能换成：We think a good person him.
2）My father bought me a nice gift.（双宾语）
人间在前物直后
可以换成：My father bought a nice gift for me.
物直在前介人间
脑筋急转弯
1) We found John a good husband.
2) We found John a good wife.
We found John a good husband.
We found John a good wife.
脑筋再转弯
1) I hate study because the school has made me a study robot.
2) I love study because the school has made me a study robot.
1) I hate study because the school has made me a study robot.
2) I love study because the school has made me a study robot.
A. 宾语补足语复习
三、你学得怎么样？
阅读短文，根据中文在横线上填入相应的宾语补足语：
In order to work more effectively, we elected Professor Zhang __________（担任我们的组长）and selected a local villager ____________（作为我们的向导）. Several days later, we found ourselves _____________（在沙漠中间）. We kept digging for two days and found ourselves ___________（又饥又渴）. Suddenly, we discovered a coffin（棺材）. We carefully had it ___________（打开）. There inside it lay the body of a beautiful lady, with her eyelash（睫毛）___________（还在）. We named her ________________（楼兰美女）. Without anything more about her ________（发现）, this discovery left her status ____________（一个谜）. Later, a museum was built, with thousands of visitors ______________（来）to see the mummy every day.
In order to work more effectively, we elected Professor Zhang our team leader（担任我们的组长）and selected a local villager as/ to be our guide（作为我们的向导）. Several days later, we found ourselves in the middle of the desert（在沙漠中间）. We kept digging for two days and found ourselves thirsty and hungry（又饥又渴）. Suddenly, we discovered a coffin（棺材）.
We carefully had it opened（打开）. There inside it lay the body of a beautiful lady, with her eyelash（睫毛）still on（还在）. We named her the Loulan Beauty（楼兰美女）. Without anything more about her discovered（发现）, this discovery left her status a mystery（一个谜）. Later, a museum was built, with thousands of visitors coming（来）to see the mummy every day.
A. 宾语补足语复习
四、你还有什么问题？
这其实和名词无关，而是受动词的影响。常跟as的有：
regard, view, treat, see, think of, look on, select, choose, appoint等。
不加as的有：
elect, think, name, make, call等。
另外还有consider可以加as，也可以不加。
1. 在表示“把某人看作……”等意思的时候，为什么有的名词作宾语补足语的时候前面加介词as，而有的名词不需要加as?
这不是复合宾语，而是及物动词+sb./sth.作宾语+副词作状语构成的动词短语，在sb./sth.是名词时，通常是可以把副词提前的。而在The emperor walked on the street with nothing on.一句中，on就是副词作宾语补足语，不可提前。
2. 既然宾语和宾语补足语的位置不可互换，为什么有的作副词的宾语补足语可以移到宾语前面，比如take your book out可以说成take out your book?
B. 主谓一致复习
一、你已经学了什么？
语法一致：谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
主谓一致的三个原则是什么？
意义一致：意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）
就近一致：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
B. 主谓一致复习
二、你还需要学什么？
可以这样理解：三大原则中，语法一致是第一位的，意义一致其实就是语法一致基础上的一些特殊情况，而就近一致本质上从属于语法一致。
另外，英语语法规则会出现很多例外情况，即特例。学习主谓一致的时候，不仅要掌握基本原则，更要看特例。
1. 三大原则有没有先后顺序？脑子里打架怎么办？
例一
The Arabian Nights is an interesting book.
The United States is a super power.
语法一致：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
意义一致：若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，实际意义为单数，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
二者并不矛盾！
例二
My glasses, without which I am like a blind man, are broken.
Mathematics, which is very interesting, is my favorite.
语法一致：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
意义一致：一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
二者并不矛盾！
例三
What we need is more time.
What we need are more hands.
基本原则：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
特例：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
例四
Going to bed early and getting up early does good to your health.
Where and when to hold the sports meeting has not been decided.
基本原则：由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
特例：若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
由a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of +名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
比较：
Sixty percent of the students are girls.
Sixty percent of the food we consume every day is wasted.
2.分数、百分数等修饰的谓语动词怎么确定？
There存现句是“新课程标准”特别增加的一个语法项目，作为一种基本句型，其谓语动词优先满足语法一致的原则，特殊情况下满足就近一致的原则。
例如：
There seems to be something wrong.
There exist some unexplained mysteries.
There comes a bus and two cars.（此处也满足意义一致的原则，可以用复数）
3.“新课程标准”所提到的“存现句”的谓语动词根据there确定使用单数吗？
B. 主谓一致复习
三、你学得怎么样？
单项选择题（中等难度）
1. The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood．
A．was trapped B．trapped
C．were trapped D．trapping
2. Is it he or you ______ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it on time?
A．who is B．that is
C．who are D．whom are
3. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ________ from countryside in our school .
A was B were C is D are
单项选择题（中等难度）
1. The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood．（考查集体名词和主语+介词短语）
A．was trapped B．trapped
C．were trapped D．trapping
2. Is it he or you ______ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it on time?（考查强调结构强调主语）
A．who is B．that is
C．who are D．whom are
3. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ________ from countryside in our school .
was B. were C. is D. Are
（考查定语从句的单复数）
单项选择题（中等难度）
4. Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes_______ sent to the disaster-hit area since the powerful earthquake occurred.
A. has been B. have been
C. is being D. are being
5. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
is B. are C. was D. were
6. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____ also true of the Johnsons.
A. are B. is C. being D. to be
单项选择题（中等难度）
4. Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes_______ sent to the disaster-hit area since the powerful earthquake occurred. （考查主语+介词短语）
A. has been B. have been
C. is being D. are being
5. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.（考查分词的单复数）
is B. are C. was D. were
6. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____ also true of the Johnsons.（考查主语为从句时主句谓语动词的单复数）
A. are B. is C. being D. to be
单项选择题（中等难度）
7. It’s the first time that more than one answer _________ to the question.
had given B. were given
C. has been given D. have been given
8. In the country , the rich __________ richer , and the poor poorer.
A. becomes B. becoming C. become D. has become
9. Many a student __________ the film so far .
A. have seen B. have been seen C. has seen D. see
10. The population of China ___________ 1.4 billion. Two thirds of the population in China __________ farmers .
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
单项选择题（中等难度）
7. It’s the first time that more than one answer _________ to the question.（考查It’s the first time that…的时态和more than one的动词单复数）
A. had given B. were given
C. has been given D. have been given
8. In the country, the rich __________ richer , and the poor poorer.（考查the +adj.表示类别的单复数）
A. becomes B. becoming C. become D. has become
9. Many a student __________ the film so far . （考查so far的时态和many a 的动词单复数）
A. have seen B. have been seen C. has seen D. see
10. The population of China ___________ 1.4 billion. Two thirds of the population in China __________ farmers . （考查集体名词的单复数）
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
B. 主谓一致复习
四、你还有什么问题？
单复数同形的名词作主语，其谓语动词应根据具体内容决定单复数。
如：Every means has been tried.又如：All means have been tried.
1.单复数同形的名词，怎么确定其谓语动词的单复数？
2.修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语经常混淆，谓语动词的单复数也经常搞错，有没有什么诀窍？
既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词且谓语动词由所修饰名词单复数决定的有：
a lot of; lots of; plenty of; enough; a large quantity of; a mass of; …
既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词且谓语动词只能用复数的有：
Large quantities of; masses of
两两对应记忆
只能修饰可数名词的词
many
a good/ great many
a large/ huge number of
few
只能修饰不可数名词的词
much
a great deal of
a large/ huge amount of
little
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
一、你已经学了什么？
either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接
1）两个主语
2）两个谓语
3）两个宾语
4）两个状语
1.either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接哪些对等结构？
either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接两个主语，谓语动词服从就近原则。
例如：
Either my brother or my sisters are interested in the movie.
Either my sisters or my brother is interested in the movie.
Are either my sisters or my brother interested in the movie?
Neither my sisters nor my brother is interested in the movie.（此处还可以服从意义一致原则）
2.either… or…和neither… nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数服从哪个原则？
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
二、你还需要学习什么？
严格地说，neither… nor…的反义词不是either… or…，而是both… and… ，因为both… and…表示“两者都……”， neither… nor…表示“两者都不……”，而either… or… 表示“要么……，要么……”（二者必居其一，但不是两者都）。
1.either… or…和neither… nor…是互为反义词吗？
可以，还可以连接：
5）两个表语。例如：When I heard the news, I was neither happy nor sad.
6）两个宾语补足语。例如：The surprise attack will make the troop either surrender or disappear.
7）两个分句。例如：Either you are mad, or I am.
2. either… or…和neither… nor…还可以连接其他对等成分吗？
我们学过的有not… but…, not only… but also…, whether…or…以及rather than等。
例如：It’s not what you say but what you do that counts.重要的不是你说什么，而是你做什么。
又如：The wounded soldier would rather die than give in.这位伤兵宁死不屈。
3.除了either… or…, neither… nor…, both… and…，还有哪些词组可以连接对等成分？
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
三、你学得怎么样？
根据要求翻译句子
1）美国和英国都还没有足够重视目前的现状。（neither… nor…连接两个主语）
2）要么我们呆在家里，要么出去接触病毒。（either…or…连接两个对等句子）
3）这所医院不但医生们而且所有的护士们都已经去了武汉。（not only…but also…连接两个主语）
4）四月一日是否开学都与我无关。（用whether…or…翻译）
5）我宁愿呆在家里，也不出去接触病毒。（用rather than翻译）
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
四、你还有什么问题？
这里的either… or… 和neither… nor… 不仅涉及主谓一致，还连接诸多对等成分，所以作为一个专门的语法现象罗列出来。
1.课本上为什么要把either… or… 和neither… nor… 专门列出来讲？为什么不放到主谓一致里面讲？
和刚才的问题类似，rather than在主谓一致的时候服从“主语+介词短语”的语法规则，谓语动词根据语法一致的原则确定。但是，它同样可以引导两个对等的成分。
老师在这里顺便把“主语+介词短语”做一个简单分类，便于大家记忆应用。
2.你刚才提到的rather than，在主谓一致的时候也提到了，请问是不是一回事？
主语+介词（短语）分类
“包含”类：including,
“还有”类：with, along with, together with, as well as, apart from, in addition to, besides, …
“不是”类：rather than, instead of, …
“排除”类：except, other than, excluding, except for, apart from, aside from, but, but for, …
家庭作业
1、整理笔记
2、完成“巩固练习”。
M3U3语法复习
复习课需要解决的问题
一、你已经学了什么？
二、你还需要学什么？
三、你学得怎么样？
四、你还有什么问题？
A. 宾语补足语复习
一、你已经学了什么？
英语中句子的宾语需要进一步补充说明时，其后常接补充成分，称为宾语补足语。
1. 什么是宾语补足语？
名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词（包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词）等。关于非谓语动词作宾语补足语将在高二阶段系统学习。
2. 哪些词可以充当宾语补足语？
表示独一无二的职务、称呼、头衔作宾语补足语的时候不加冠词。
3. 名词作宾语补足语什么时候不需要加冠词？
试比较：
We elected John captain of the team.
We think him a good person.
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三使：make, let, have
五看：observe, see, watch, notice, look at
半帮：help
4. 哪些动词接不定式作宾语补足语需要省去小品词to？
现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行， 不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的终结、经常如此或者即将发生。
5. 动词不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语有什么区别？
试比较：
--- Listen! Can you hear John crying upstairs?
--- Don’t worry. He is singing. You will often hear him sing like this.
当作宾语的sb.或者sth.变成主语的时候，宾语补足语相应变成主语补足语。此时，不仅句子成分发生了变化，原本省去了的小品词to要重新补上。
6. 宾语补足语变成主语补足语要注意什么？
例如：
Tim often made his sister cry, but today he was made to cry by his sister.
A. 宾语补足语复习
二、你还需要学什么？
1）宾语和宾语补足语构成复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语位置不可互换。
2）双宾语是一个动词的两个宾语，通常一个是人，叫间接宾语，一个是物，叫做直接宾语。直接宾语和间接宾语的位置通常可以互换，最常见的是“人间在前物直后，物直在前介人间”。带双宾语的动词有give, offer, make, buy, introduce, repeat, recommend等。
复合宾语和双宾语有什么区别？
试比较：
We think him a good person.（复合宾语）
不能换成：We think a good person him.
2）My father bought me a nice gift.（双宾语）
人间在前物直后
可以换成：My father bought a nice gift for me.
物直在前介人间
脑筋急转弯
1) We found John a good husband.
2) We found John a good wife.
We found John a good husband.
We found John a good wife.
脑筋再转弯
1) I hate study because the school has made me a study robot.
2) I love study because the school has made me a study robot.
1) I hate study because the school has made me a study robot.
2) I love study because the school has made me a study robot.
A. 宾语补足语复习
三、你学得怎么样？
阅读短文，根据中文在横线上填入相应的宾语补足语：
In order to work more effectively, we elected Professor Zhang __________（担任我们的组长）and selected a local villager ____________（作为我们的向导）. Several days later, we found ourselves _____________（在沙漠中间）. We kept digging for two days and found ourselves ___________（又饥又渴）. Suddenly, we discovered a coffin（棺材）. We carefully had it ___________（打开）. There inside it lay the body of a beautiful lady, with her eyelash（睫毛）___________（还在）. We named her ________________（楼兰美女）. Without anything more about her ________（发现）, this discovery left her status ____________（一个谜）. Later, a museum was built, with thousands of visitors ______________（来）to see the mummy every day.
In order to work more effectively, we elected Professor Zhang our team leader（担任我们的组长）and selected a local villager as/ to be our guide（作为我们的向导）. Several days later, we found ourselves in the middle of the desert（在沙漠中间）. We kept digging for two days and found ourselves thirsty and hungry（又饥又渴）. Suddenly, we discovered a coffin（棺材）.
We carefully had it opened（打开）. There inside it lay the body of a beautiful lady, with her eyelash（睫毛）still on（还在）. We named her the Loulan Beauty（楼兰美女）. Without anything more about her discovered（发现）, this discovery left her status a mystery（一个谜）. Later, a museum was built, with thousands of visitors coming（来）to see the mummy every day.
A. 宾语补足语复习
四、你还有什么问题？
这其实和名词无关，而是受动词的影响。常跟as的有：
regard, view, treat, see, think of, look on, select, choose, appoint等。
不加as的有：
elect, think, name, make, call等。
另外还有consider可以加as，也可以不加。
1. 在表示“把某人看作……”等意思的时候，为什么有的名词作宾语补足语的时候前面加介词as，而有的名词不需要加as?
这不是复合宾语，而是及物动词+sb./sth.作宾语+副词作状语构成的动词短语，在sb./sth.是名词时，通常是可以把副词提前的。而在The emperor walked on the street with nothing on.一句中，on就是副词作宾语补足语，不可提前。
2. 既然宾语和宾语补足语的位置不可互换，为什么有的作副词的宾语补足语可以移到宾语前面，比如take your book out可以说成take out your book?
B. 主谓一致复习
一、你已经学了什么？
语法一致：谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
主谓一致的三个原则是什么？
意义一致：意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）
就近一致：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
B. 主谓一致复习
二、你还需要学什么？
可以这样理解：三大原则中，语法一致是第一位的，意义一致其实就是语法一致基础上的一些特殊情况，而就近一致本质上从属于语法一致。
另外，英语语法规则会出现很多例外情况，即特例。学习主谓一致的时候，不仅要掌握基本原则，更要看特例。
1. 三大原则有没有先后顺序？脑子里打架怎么办？
例一
The Arabian Nights is an interesting book.
The United States is a super power.
语法一致：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
意义一致：若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，实际意义为单数，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
二者并不矛盾！
例二
My glasses, without which I am like a blind man, are broken.
Mathematics, which is very interesting, is my favorite.
语法一致：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
意义一致：一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
二者并不矛盾！
例三
What we need is more time.
What we need are more hands.
基本原则：以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
特例：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
例四
Going to bed early and getting up early does good to your health.
Where and when to hold the sports meeting has not been decided.
基本原则：由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
特例：若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
由a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of +名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
比较：
Sixty percent of the students are girls.
Sixty percent of the food we consume every day is wasted.
2.分数、百分数等修饰的谓语动词怎么确定？
There存现句是“新课程标准”特别增加的一个语法项目，作为一种基本句型，其谓语动词优先满足语法一致的原则，特殊情况下满足就近一致的原则。
例如：
There seems to be something wrong.
There exist some unexplained mysteries.
There comes a bus and two cars.（此处也满足意义一致的原则，可以用复数）
3.“新课程标准”所提到的“存现句”的谓语动词根据there确定使用单数吗？
B. 主谓一致复习
三、你学得怎么样？
单项选择题（中等难度）
1. The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood．
A．was trapped B．trapped
C．were trapped D．trapping
2. Is it he or you ______ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it on time?
A．who is B．that is
C．who are D．whom are
3. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ________ from countryside in our school .
A was B were C is D are
单项选择题（中等难度）
1. The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood．（考查集体名词和主语+介词短语）
A．was trapped B．trapped
C．were trapped D．trapping
2. Is it he or you ______ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it on time?（考查强调结构强调主语）
A．who is B．that is
C．who are D．whom are
3. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who ________ from countryside in our school .
was B. were C. is D. Are
（考查定语从句的单复数）
单项选择题（中等难度）
4. Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes_______ sent to the disaster-hit area since the powerful earthquake occurred.
A. has been B. have been
C. is being D. are being
5. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
is B. are C. was D. were
6. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____ also true of the Johnsons.
A. are B. is C. being D. to be
单项选择题（中等难度）
4. Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes_______ sent to the disaster-hit area since the powerful earthquake occurred. （考查主语+介词短语）
A. has been B. have been
C. is being D. are being
5. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.（考查分词的单复数）
is B. are C. was D. were
6. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____ also true of the Johnsons.（考查主语为从句时主句谓语动词的单复数）
A. are B. is C. being D. to be
单项选择题（中等难度）
7. It’s the first time that more than one answer _________ to the question.
had given B. were given
C. has been given D. have been given
8. In the country , the rich __________ richer , and the poor poorer.
A. becomes B. becoming C. become D. has become
9. Many a student __________ the film so far .
A. have seen B. have been seen C. has seen D. see
10. The population of China ___________ 1.4 billion. Two thirds of the population in China __________ farmers .
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
单项选择题（中等难度）
7. It’s the first time that more than one answer _________ to the question.（考查It’s the first time that…的时态和more than one的动词单复数）
A. had given B. were given
C. has been given D. have been given
8. In the country, the rich __________ richer , and the poor poorer.（考查the +adj.表示类别的单复数）
A. becomes B. becoming C. become D. has become
9. Many a student __________ the film so far . （考查so far的时态和many a 的动词单复数）
A. have seen B. have been seen C. has seen D. see
10. The population of China ___________ 1.4 billion. Two thirds of the population in China __________ farmers . （考查集体名词的单复数）
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
B. 主谓一致复习
四、你还有什么问题？
单复数同形的名词作主语，其谓语动词应根据具体内容决定单复数。
如：Every means has been tried.又如：All means have been tried.
1.单复数同形的名词，怎么确定其谓语动词的单复数？
2.修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语经常混淆，谓语动词的单复数也经常搞错，有没有什么诀窍？
既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词且谓语动词由所修饰名词单复数决定的有：
a lot of; lots of; plenty of; enough; a large quantity of; a mass of; …
既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词且谓语动词只能用复数的有：
Large quantities of; masses of
两两对应记忆
只能修饰可数名词的词
many
a good/ great many
a large/ huge number of
few
只能修饰不可数名词的词
much
a great deal of
a large/ huge amount of
little
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
一、你已经学了什么？
either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接
1）两个主语
2）两个谓语
3）两个宾语
4）两个状语
1.either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接哪些对等结构？
either… or…和neither… nor…可以连接两个主语，谓语动词服从就近原则。
例如：
Either my brother or my sisters are interested in the movie.
Either my sisters or my brother is interested in the movie.
Are either my sisters or my brother interested in the movie?
Neither my sisters nor my brother is interested in the movie.（此处还可以服从意义一致原则）
2.either… or…和neither… nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数服从哪个原则？
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
二、你还需要学习什么？
严格地说，neither… nor…的反义词不是either… or…，而是both… and… ，因为both… and…表示“两者都……”， neither… nor…表示“两者都不……”，而either… or… 表示“要么……，要么……”（二者必居其一，但不是两者都）。
1.either… or…和neither… nor…是互为反义词吗？
可以，还可以连接：
5）两个表语。例如：When I heard the news, I was neither happy nor sad.
6）两个宾语补足语。例如：The surprise attack will make the troop either surrender or disappear.
7）两个分句。例如：Either you are mad, or I am.
2. either… or…和neither… nor…还可以连接其他对等成分吗？
我们学过的有not… but…, not only… but also…, whether…or…以及rather than等。
例如：It’s not what you say but what you do that counts.重要的不是你说什么，而是你做什么。
又如：The wounded soldier would rather die than give in.这位伤兵宁死不屈。
3.除了either… or…, neither… nor…, both… and…，还有哪些词组可以连接对等成分？
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
三、你学得怎么样？
根据要求翻译句子
1）美国和英国都还没有足够重视目前的现状。（neither… nor…连接两个主语）
2）要么我们呆在家里，要么出去接触病毒。（either…or…连接两个对等句子）
3）这所医院不但医生们而且所有的护士们都已经去了武汉。（not only…but also…连接两个主语）
4）四月一日是否开学都与我无关。（用whether…or…翻译）
5）我宁愿呆在家里，也不出去接触病毒。（用rather than翻译）
C. either… or…; neither… nor…
四、你还有什么问题？
这里的either… or… 和neither… nor… 不仅涉及主谓一致，还连接诸多对等成分，所以作为一个专门的语法现象罗列出来。
1.课本上为什么要把either… or… 和neither… nor… 专门列出来讲？为什么不放到主谓一致里面讲？
和刚才的问题类似，rather than在主谓一致的时候服从“主语+介词短语”的语法规则，谓语动词根据语法一致的原则确定。但是，它同样可以引导两个对等的成分。
老师在这里顺便把“主语+介词短语”做一个简单分类，便于大家记忆应用。
2.你刚才提到的rather than，在主谓一致的时候也提到了，请问是不是一回事？
主语+介词（短语）分类
“包含”类：including,
“还有”类：with, along with, together with, as well as, apart from, in addition to, besides, …
“不是”类：rather than, instead of, …
“排除”类：except, other than, excluding, except for, apart from, aside from, but, but for, …
家庭作业
1、整理笔记
2、完成“巩固练习”。