课件60张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件34张PPT。Unit 6 DesignUnit 6 DesignUnit 6 DesignUnit 6 DesignUnit 6 Designabstractstraightexhibitionshadecreatureemphasisedetailshallowshore sweat youthimagination painvaluabletypicalelegantly fix one’s eyes onat high speeddeep in thoughtin detailso farbe of great valuenamed Racing Horseleaves the audience guessingI could have bought本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件61张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件39张PPT。Unit 6 Designwithcome straight tostraightenedinpainfulto studyto finishinfromshade fromshadeshadowyou cannot imagine sittingimaginativevaluevalueless(should) valueof typetypicallyemphasiseemphasison ingo into detail detailedonupfixedataLost in thoughtrunningunfinishedleave her alonehad gotwould stay本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件57张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件68张PPT。Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3Unit 6 Designfeaturestatuearchitectruindynastypurposepatterncharacter balconyfairytalejewelleryreligioushappiness date back (to)be related totry outsort ofas if/thoughcome output upcross outin the shape of come uplaughing at the look of surprise on my facewhose child has recently been bornas I got a lot of interesting informationin ruinsintotodamagedruined destroyedonwith the purpose of 性格角色汉字ofall sorts offromup to dateout of datedates back to/dates fromdating back to/dating from建造留宿张贴withput forward relatedto/withrelationsrelate tobe related toout for ontry to do themWeighingcausinglaughing and talking merrilyHelpedwhosewhose windowsthe windows of whichof which the windowsAsas as you thinkasTry as he might本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件67张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件67张PPT。Section Ⅳ Lesson 4, Communication Workshop & Culture CornerUnit 6 Designcottagedampgarageapartmentdowntownrent basementbathefencegarbagemercynarrowconclusionhold one’s breathshare...with...even soat leastdream of more thanbe surrounded with be home tobe determined to do sth. with one’s helpBy the time we got to Mango StreetOut back is a small garageSurrounded by fields，mountains and riversonfromoutare rented out totoonat the mercy ofIt was a mercy thatanarrowednarrowlyconclusionIn conclusionfrom withthe at most could at least not in the least interested in Last but not leasthave sentthatdreamed a sweet dreamtake a deep out of breath/breathe inbreathe outbreathbreathless超过非常不仅仅超过determinedto ignoreondeterminationwill have takenwill have been completedhad been translatedThere comeaway she wentarebrokenExplainedSeen本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件47张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件55张PPT。Unit 6 Designbe located/be situated/lie/stand in... a large two-storey house the most important part supply...with.../provide...with... both energy-saving and environment-friendly My dream house is quite a large two-storey house located among green tall trees.The most important part in the house is the bedrooms upstairs where there is a lot of furniture.The house also has got special materials so that it is cool in summer and warm in winter. 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放课件20张PPT。straightwithtooutpainnowithshadeinunderfromimaginationbeyonddoingimaginaryvaluabletoruinintopurposeonwith/fordate back to(＝date from)towithfix one’s eyes ononwithput upaside downforward throughtry outonforhold one’s breatha outunderleaving his two children livingarguing with each otherwhose house is big and brightwill have reached our housefollowed by a group of students本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
中国有很多民间艺术形式，剪纸就是其中的一种。剪纸俗称“窗花”，有着生动、美化、吉祥的表现特征。让我们了解一下剪纸的悠久历史和象征意义吧！
In China, folk arts have a history dating back to ancient times, one of which is paper cutting.
Some scientist finds the tradition can trace back to the 6th century; it is supposed(应该) that the beginnings of paper cutting were even a few centuries earlier. Paper cuttings are used for religious purposes, for decoration and as patterns.
Paper cuttings are not produced by machine, but by hand. There are two methods: scissor cuttings and knife cuttings. As the name shows, scissor cuttings are fashioned with scissors. Several pieces of paper—up to eight pieces—are fastened together. The motif(基本图案) is then cut with sharp, pointed scissors.
Following a model, the artist cuts the motif into the paper with a sharp knife which he usually holds vertically(垂直地). The advantage of knife cuttings is that considerably more paper cuttings can be made in one operation than with scissor cuttings.
Today, paper cuttings are chiefly used as decoration. They ornament(装饰) walls, windows, doors, mirrors, lamps and lanterns in homes and are also used for decoration on presents or are given as presents themselves. They have special significance at festivals and on holidays as well. At the New Year’s Festival for example, entrances are decorated with paper cuttings which are supposed to bring good luck. Paper cuttings used to be used as patterns, especially for embroidery(刺绣) work.
Section Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending
1．abstract adj. 抽象的，深奥的
2．straight adj. 直的
adv. 直，直接
3．exhibition n. 展览会
4．shade n. (色彩的)浓淡；阴影
5．creature n. 动物；(有特性或特质的)人
6．emphasise vt. 强调
7．detail n. 细节，详情
8．shallow adj. 浅的
9．shore n. 岸边
10．sweat n. 汗
11．youth n. 青春；年轻人
12．imagination n．想像，想像力→imagine v．想像
13．pain n．痛苦；疼，痛→painful adj.痛苦的
14．valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的→value n．价值
15．typical adj.典型的→type n．类型
16．elegantly adv.优雅地→elegant adj.优雅的
1．fix__one’s__eyes__on 注视，凝视
2．at__high__speed 以高速
3．deep__in__thought 陷入沉思
4．in__detail 具体地，详细地
5．so__far 到目前为止
6．be__of__great__value 很有价值的
1．过去分词作后置定语
Across this painting, named__Racing__Horse(叫作《奔马图》), we can see a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky.
2．leave＋宾语＋宾补
Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves__the__audience__guessing(让观赏者猜想) and makes them use their imagination.
3．wish从句虚拟语气
I wish I__could__have__bought(我本能买到) a painting，but they are too expensive for me！
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Xu Beihong was good at painting vegetables.
B．Qi Baishi was China’s greatest painter.
C．Cabbage is a well-known example of Chen’s work.
D．Poppy is a typical example of Chen’s style.
2．From the passage we can see that ________．
A．Racing Horse，Cabbage and Poppy are all well-known examples of Chinese art
B．the painting of dark and light colours is favourite of all the art lovers
C．Chen Yifei lived longest of the three great artists mentioned in the passage
D．only the colour black can show animals in moving paintings
3．Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese folk art mainly because ________．
A．he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting
B．he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art between 1933 and 1940
C．he painted the well-known example—Racing Horse
D．he used different shades of grey in a creative way
4．Which of the following statements about Qi Baishi is WRONG?
A．He worked with wood when he was young.
B．He ever painted many pictures of scenery.
C．His interest changed later to wood pictures from everyday life.
D．His interest changed later to simple pictures from everyday life.
答案：1－4.DAAC
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.
本句是一个简单句。句中的介词短语in a creative way作________；动词不定式短语to show the sweat along the horse’s body在句中作________。
[尝试翻译] 他还________运用不同的灰影________马身上流淌的汗水。
答案：方式状语；目的状语；创造性地；来显示
2．To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.
本句是一个并列句。不定式To emphasise the woman even more在句中作________；不定式to paint the background behind the woman black在句中作chooses的________。
[尝试翻译] ______________________，陈逸飞在她的扇子和裙子的布料上______________，并选择黑色作为____________背景颜色。
答案：目的状语；宾语；为更进一步突出这位女子；加入了很多细节；女子背后的
Xu Beihong (1895－1953) was important in modern Chinese folk art. During his lifetime, he developed the tradition of combining poetry① with② painting. Between 1933 and 1940，he held several exhibitions③ in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art. Across④ this painting, named Racing Horse，we can see a horse running⑤ at high speed⑥ like a missile⑦ across the sky. On the left and right side of the painting，Xu cleverly drew in black ink⑧ to show the moving hair on the horse’s mane⑨ and tail. He also used different shades⑩ of grey in a creative way? to show the sweat? along the horse’s body. The painting of dark and light colours is a favourite of many art lovers.
①poetry ['p???tri] n．诗(总称)；poem n．一首诗；poet n．诗人
②combine...with...使……与……结合
③exhibition [?eks?'b???n] n．展览会；exhibit v．展出 n．展品
④across prep.通过(某一平面)；through通过(物体内部)；over从物体上方通过
⑤划线部分属于“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
⑥speed n．速度；at the speed of...以……的速度
⑦missile ['m?sa?l] n．导弹
⑧in ink 用墨水
⑨mane [me?n] n．鬃毛
⑩shade [?e?d] n．(色彩的)浓淡；阴影；shadow n．影子
?in a．..way 用一种……的方法
?sweat [swet] n．汗；sweet adj.甜的 n．甜点
徐悲鸿(1895－1953)在中国现代民间艺术中起着举足轻重的作用。他一生发展了融诗歌和绘画于一体的传统。在1933年至1940年期间，为了促进中国艺术发展，他在亚洲和欧洲举办了几次展览。在这幅名为《奔马图》的画中，我们可以看到一匹骏马像导弹穿越天空那样在飞速奔驰。在画的左边和右边，徐悲鸿用黑色墨汁巧妙地展示了运动着的马鬃和马尾。他还创造性地运用不同的灰影来显示马身上流淌的汗水。对颜色的深浅描绘已经成为许多艺术爱好者的至爱。
Qi Baishi (1863－1957) was one of China’s greatest painters. He worked with? wood during his early youth?. Then between 1902 and 1909，he travelled across the country and painted many pictures of scenery. His interest changed later to simple pictures from everyday life，such as vegetables, flowers, birds, and insects?. Cabbage is a well－known example of Qi’s works?. The tiny insect near the cabbage has some red on its back. Its black eyes, which are fixed on? the cabbage?， show the creature?’s interest in? the vegetable. Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.
?work with 与……共事；work at从事……工作
?youth [ju?θ] n．青春；年轻人；the youth 青年
?insect ['?nsekt] n．昆虫
?work 作品，常用复数形式。
?fix one’s eyes on注视，凝视；fix one’s attention on 注意……
?which引导非限制性定语从句。
?creature ['kri?t??] n．动物；(有特性或特质的)人
?show interest in...对……显示出兴趣
此部分为“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
imagination [??m?d??'ne???n] n．想像；想像力；beyond imagination难以想像
此部分为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
齐白石(1863－1957)是中国最伟大的画家之一。年轻时，他当过木工。后来在1902年至1909年间，他游历大江南北，画了许多风景画。后来他的兴趣转移到简单的、来自日常生活的图画上来，如蔬菜、花、鸟和昆虫。《白菜》是齐白石著名作品的范例。靠近白菜的那只小虫子背上有点红色，它的黑眼睛正盯着白菜，显示出对白菜的极大兴趣。齐白石的绘画风格往往能让观赏者自由想像，充分发挥其想像力。
Chen Yifei (1946－2005) was a very successful artist. His soft portraits of beautiful women are very valuable. In 1997, one of his paintings sold for US$503, 000. The painting, named Poppy, is a typical example of Chen’s style.In the painting, a young woman sits alone and is deep in thought. Her hand holding the fan is elegantly positioned above her knees. To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail tothe fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. The folds of her dress are very beautifully painted.
artist ['ɑ?t?st] n．画家；艺术家
valuable ['v?lj??b?l] adj.贵重的，有价值的
named Poppy是过去分词短语作后置定语。
typical ['t?p?k?l] adj.典型的；type n．类型
deep in thought沉思
holding the fan是现在分词短语作定语。
elegantly ['el?ɡ?ntli] adv.优雅地； elegant adj.优雅的
position vt.把……放在适当位置
emphasise ['emf?sa?z] vt.强调
detail ['di?te?l] n．细节，详情；in detail 详细地
add...to...将……添加到……上
fold [f??ld] n．皱褶
陈逸飞(1946－2005)是一位非常成功的艺术家。他所画的美貌女子的软笔肖像画价值不菲。1997年，他的一幅画曾卖到了503 000美元。这幅名为《罂粟花》的画是陈逸飞艺术风格的典型代表。在画中，一名年轻女子独自坐着，陷入沉思，拿着扇子的手优雅地放在膝盖上方。为了更进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和裙子的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子背后的背景颜色。她身上的裙褶描绘得非常漂亮。
A卷
阅读理解
A
At 17, Gao Bowen started to learn Pingtan, an ancient Chinese art form of singing and storytelling originated from Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, with a history of more than 400 years.Today, at 47, he is the actor of Shanghai Pingtan Troupe that trains young students in the narrative(叙述的) musical tradition.He has been promoting Pingtan with a modern touch for the past ten years.
“Elderly people enjoy the tradition of sitting for days or even weeks to hear an entire story adapted from a legend or a historical event.However, young audiences like shorter stories and creative plots，”Gao says.“I try to appeal to young audiences with varied tastes while serving the older generations with classic tales.”
Pingtan, unlike Peking Opera, has just two performers, one male and the other female, who play the sanxian and pipa, while singing and telling stories in the Suzhou dialect at local teahouses or small theaters.
Born in Shanghai, where Pingtan was very popular, Gao grew fond of the art form by listening to radio programs.He attended Shanghai Traditional Opera School to learn Pingtan as a teenager, and ever since then he has been determined to find new ways to tell the world about the tradition.
In 2008, he mixed Pingtan with rock music, which helped bring people closer to the old art form.Gao also points out that young students are easily distracted by today’s various forms of entertainment.To train them, he starts with teaching the art of making and drinking tea, because “it needs patience to enjoy a cup of tea, which is similar to enjoying Pingtan”．
Pingtan is a symbol of the slow and calm way of life.“For people who live in a fast－paced society, it’s a luxury to spend a few hours sitting in a teahouse to enjoy the old art，”Gao says.But it makes you slow down and relax, he adds.“That is what is needed.”
1．What is Gao Bowen’s contribution to Pingtan?
A．He created it when he was 17 years old.
B．He founded Shanghai Pingtan Troupe.
C．He spreads it to all the countries in the world.
D．He promoted it with a modern touch.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句He has been promoting Pingtan with a modern touch for the past ten years.可知，在过去的10年间，高博文把古老的评弹艺术与现代艺术相融合，这是他对评弹的贡献。故选D。
2．According to Gao Bowen, ________．
A．elderly people have different tastes of arts from young audiences
B．Pingtan will disappear soon because few people can understand it
C．elderly people are tired of today’s various forms of entertainment
D．it is hard for Pingtan to be popular because it is singing in dialect
A 解析：推理判断题。根据短文第二段内容可知，老年人喜欢传统的艺术而年轻的听众喜欢短故事和创造性的情节，由此可以推知，老年人和年轻人对艺术的欣赏口味是不同的。故选A。
3．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Pingtan was very popular in Shanghai when Gao Bowen was born.
B．Gao Bowen started to learn Pingtan by listening to radio programs.
C．Gao Bowen mixed Pingtan with rock music in the year 2008.
D．Gao Bowen starts with teaching Pingtan of making and drinking tea.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据Born in Shanghai, where Pingtan was very popular可排除A；根据In 2008, he mixed Pingtan with rock music可排除C；根据To train them, he starts with teaching the art of making and drinking tea可排除D。他是在Shanghai Traditional Opera School学习评弹的，不是跟着收音机学习的。故选B。
B
You have probably been told by your high school instructor that writing is an important and practical skill. However, you may not be convinced that the ability to write will be important in your own future. If so, you will be surprised at the results of a recent survey by the National Institute of Education. More than four thousand working men and women who had graduated fifteen years earlier were asked to name the courses they would have taken in college if they had known better. The designer of the survey expected people to name courses in computer science, mathematics, or business. But the course most often mentioned was writing.
If you already have a job, you are probably not surprised at their answers. Many jobs require the ability to write. Despite the increasing use of the telephone and the computer, much information must be communicated in writing.Some ten million people—managers, engineers, sales representatives, and many others—write regularly as part of their jobs. Summaries, reports, letters and speeches are required in today’s work world. The ability to write, therefore, is an important skill. The successful individual is almost always the one who can communicate successfully in writing.
Writing communicates your thoughts and feelings to others; it also tells you something about yourself. Maybe this is what Eldridge Cleaver had in mind in his autobiography，“I started to write...to save myself...I had to seek out the truth... I had to find out who I am and what I want to be，what type of man I should be，and what I could do to become the best of which I was capable.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了学习能力中非常重要的一项能力——写作。
4．Why does the author say writing is very important?
A．Because it is a required course at high school and college.
B．Because it is a way to communicate your thoughts.
C．Because it is an important skill for many jobs.
D．Because it shows your good quality.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Summaries, reports, letters and speeches are required in today’s work world. The ability to write, therefore, is an important skill. 可知，写作能力是一种重要的技能。故选C。
5．The survey conducted by the National Institute of Education shows that________．
A．more than 4，000 working people value the course of writing
B．many people regard computer science as a useful course
C．some people would study business if they had a chance
D．most people consider writing to be an important course
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的More than four thousand working men and women who had graduated fifteen years earlier were asked to name the courses they would have taken in college if they had known better. The designer of the survey expected people to name courses in computer science, mathematics, or business. But the course most often mentioned was writing.可知，最常提及的课程是写作，说明写作是一个重要的课程。故选D。
6．The author suggests that ________ need to communicate a lot in writing.
A．managers B．engineers
C．sales representatives D．all of the above
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Some ten million people—managers, engineers, sales representatives, and many others—write regularly as part of their jobs.”可知对约一千万人包括经理、工程师、销售代表和许多其他人来说，定期书写是他们工作的一部分。故选D。
7．Why is Eldridge Cleaver’s autobiography mentioned in the passage?
A．To clarify what writing means to people.
B．To show what good writing is.
C．To encourage people to write.
D．To provide evidence for the survey.
A 解析：推理判断题。最后一段第一句Writing communicates your thoughts and feelings to others; it also tells you something about yourself.在解释写作的作用，接着提到了Eldridge Cleaver的自传，可知以Eldridge Cleaver的例子告诉我们什么是写作。故选A。
C
She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever. But, at over 500 years of age, time__is__catching__up__with__the__Mona_Lisa.
The health of the famous picture, painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505, is getting worse by the year, according to the Louvre Museum(卢浮宫博物馆)where it is housed.“The thin, wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.”the museum said. Visitors have noticed the changes but repairing the world’s most famous painting is not easy. Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current(现在的) chemical state.
Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, and many are attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It is very interesting that when you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling, and then you look at her and she stops.”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“It’s because direct vision(视觉) is excellent at picking up details, but less suited to look at shadows. Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”
However, the actual story of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile. Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to France’s King Francis Ⅰ in 1519.
In 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a former employee, who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat. He said he planned to return it to Italy. The painting was sent back to France two years later.
During World War Ⅱ， French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.
Like many old ladies, the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲名画《蒙娜丽莎》的故事。
8．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph means the Mona Lisa________．
A．is losing its value
B．is being damaged after so many years
C．is getting more valuable with years passing
D．will rot away
B 解析：推理判断题。根据下文Mona Lisa的历史可推出，这里指的是随着时间的推移，Mona Lisa遭到一些损坏。
9．The smile of the Mona Lisa can only be seen ________．
A．by indirect vision B．at a distance
C．by direct vision D．in shadows
A 解析：细节理解题。由“It’s because direct vision(视觉) is excellent at picking up details, but less suited to look at shadows.”可知，Mona Lisa的微笑只有indirect vision才能看见。
10．Which of the following is TRUE about the Mona Lisa?
A．It was once taken away and hidden up by German forces.
B．Its painter himself loved it greatly and always kept it in a shade.
C．Mona Lisa stops smiling when you look at her wanting to see her smiles.
D．King Francis Ⅰ bought it and then returned it to Italy.
C 解析：细节理解题。由“It is very interesting that when you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling, and then you look at her and she stops.”可知。
11．It may add to the difficulty in repairing the painting that________．
A．experts haven’t noticed changes in its shape as visitors have
B．it is likely to be stolen again when it’s under repair
C．it is uncertain which country, Italy or France, should take charge
D．experts aren’t sure about the materials and the chemical state of its oil paint
D 解析：细节理解题。由“Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current(现在的) chemical state.”可知，这将增加他们修复这幅画的困难。
七选五
How to Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
1．________ Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.2.________
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 3.________ Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 4.________ Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
5．________ Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A．To fight family laziness, set an example.
B．One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
C．Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
D．Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
E．With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
F．Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
G．Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何战胜懒惰。
1．B 解析：根据下文的Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home.可知，此处是与睡眠有关的提示，故选B项。
2．E 解析：根据上一句话Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.(其他人采取更积极的方法，把每个任务看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。)可知，此处填E项(有了强大的决心，你可以达到目标。)符合语境。
3．F 解析：根据下文的Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.可知，此处填F项。其中reward是提示词。
4．A 解析：上文说的是懒惰也会是一个家庭的常态。由空格之后的Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.(做第一个饭后收集和刷碗的人。)可知，这是树立榜样，与A项符合。
5．D 解析：根据空后的Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle可知，此处的提示是与锻炼有关的，故选D项。
B卷
阅读理解
Our grandparents tell us stories of their years over and over again. Until finally we have heard them tell the stories so many times that we wonder why they keep on repeating these old times. Unconsciously(无意识地)，this is the way our minds work to pass history on. There was a time when writing, reading, books, radio, TV and electronics of today were not present at all. Few things could be used to record and pass information on to the next generation. People would only sit around the campfire or the kitchen table, sharing stories of the past. This is called the “oral(口述的) tradition”．
Children listened endlessly to families sharing stories of their youth. Memories are put in the minds of young people forever so they could later recall and tell them to their children and grandchildren. Can you recall any of this? I can. How could life of the past be able to survive for centuries without this telling of stories and information to the listening ears of the youth?
Just the other day, our Uncle Martin came to visit with his two kids. As we sat around the kitchen table sharing stories and family remembrances, Uncle Martin’s laughter filled the room. He recalled several times that he was lucky to have not been hit by the falling trees. Each person in the room listened and enjoyed his details and humor.
We all can continue to share stories with our children, telling of those good old days. Children do listen and want to hear true, sincere，funny and scary tales dug up from the past and then they tell their friends. So oral tradition goes on and on.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在书写、广播、电视等被发明之前，人们是靠口头流传的形式传承历史故事的。今天，孩子们依然喜欢让大人们给他们讲故事。
1．According to the text, how did people pass on messages in the past?
A．By using electronics.
B．By telling stories orally.
C．By recording them in books.
D．By reading books to the next generation.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的People would only sit around the campfire or the kitchen table, sharing stories of the past.可知，过去，人们主要是以口头讲故事的方式来传递信息的。
2．What will happen if the stories are repeated many times?
A．They can make the children feel bored.
B．They can make the children’s minds clear.
C．They can improve the children’s creativity.
D．They can give the children a deep impression.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Memories are put in the minds of young people forever...可知，反复地给孩子讲故事可以加深他们的记忆，让他们以后能清晰地回忆起来。由此可知，重复的故事给人深刻的印象。
3．What will the children probably do after they listen to the stories from the old?
A．Dig up more stories in the past.
B．Share them with their friends.
C．Write them down carefully.
D．Tell them to their parents.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Children do listen and want to hear true, sincere, funny and scary tales dug up from the past and then they tell their friends. 可知，孩子们想听到真实的、真诚的、有趣的和恐怖的故事，然后他们会给朋友们讲这些故事。
4．What may be the author’s attitude to oral tradition?
A．He/She values it.
B．He/She is against it.
C．He/She thinks it’s outdated.
D．He/She thinks it’s unreliable.
A 解析：推理判断题。通读文章并结合倒数第二段中Uncle Martin到作者家讲故事，大家其乐融融的事例可知，作者认为oral tradition是一个很好的传统，作者很重视它。
完形填空
I was born with a heart disease.As I grew up，parts of my heart started to __1__ and I was often out of breath.So when I was eight, the doctors opened my chest to__2__ it.When they saw the state of my heart，they told my parents，“We don’t expect him to__3__the night.” I was in and out of a coma(昏迷) for three months.Every day the fact that I wasn’t __4__ was a good thing.
Finally，the doctors__5__I’d be better off at home—saying that I wasn’t going to live long.But I __6__and had something close to a __7__childhood.As a teenager，I began to __8__ heart failure again.But I was __9__to go to college，become a manager and get married to Jo.
I started my own __10__so I could work flexible(灵活的) hours，__11__Jo and I had two children：Josh and Liam.I __12__to keep a good standard of life for everyone，even when I was waking up feeling sick every morning.By January last year，my heart failure was so__13__that I often couldn’t walk more than a few yards.
I was worried about not being around for my__14__．I had to explain to Josh that the__15__telling me an organ(器官)had been found could come any time and I’d be rushed to hospital，perhaps__16__I could say goodbye.A few days later，the phone rang and Josh said，“Is that the doctor with your new__17__？” However it was __18__a salesman.
May 4 was the day when a transplant(移植) match was found.I was out of hospital within five weeks and，within a few__19__，feeling much better.By October，I was taking part in a 30-mile bike ride.
These days I spend a lot of time talking to kids with heart __20__．I want to support others who’ve had a hard time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然患有先天性心脏病，但他没有退缩，勇敢面对学习和生活，坚强地活了下去。
1．A.feel B．fail
C．improve D．work
B 解析： 根据该句中的I was often out of breath可知，作者的心脏开始衰竭。下文的heart failure为提示。
2．A.repair B．discover
C．hear D．prevent
A 解析： 根据文章第一句I was born with a heart disease.可知，医生想要修复作者的心脏。
3．A.stay B．waste
C．see D．last
D 解析： 根据下文的saying that I wasn’t going to live long可知，医生觉得作者的情况不容乐观，可能熬不过当晚。
4．A.dead B．sad
C．sick D．worried
A 解析： 根据上文的I was in and out of a coma(昏迷) for three months.可知，作者每天还活着是一件值得庆幸的事。
5．A.expected B．decided
C．required D．learned
B 解析： 根据破折号后的内容可知，医生决定作者最好还是回家(等待死亡)。
6．A.went out B．gave up
C．looked back D．carried on
D 解析： 根据上文的saying that I wasn’t going to live long和转折连词But可知，作者没有让生命很快止步，而是继续活了下去。
7．A.lucky B．normal
C．busy D．poor
B 解析： 根据下文讲述青少年和成年后的正常生活可知，作者的童年也基本和其他正常孩子一样。
8．A.stop B．accept
C．experience D．examine
C 解析： 作者青少年时期又再一次经历心脏衰竭。
9．A.ready B．likely
C．able D．sure
C 解析： 根据转折连词But可知，虽然作者在青少年时期又开始经历心脏衰竭，但他还是上了大学，成为一名经理并且结婚生子。
10．A.ride B．family
C．holiday D．company
D 解析： 根据下文的so I could work flexible(灵活的) hours可知，作者为了有灵活的工作时间自己创办了公司。
11．A.and B．but
C．since D．unless
A 解析： “创办自己的公司”和“我们有了两个孩子”之间为并列关系。
12．A.waited B．tried
C．agreed D．offered
B 解析： 根据上文叙述作者的工作和家庭经历可知，作者努力让身边的家人有高水准的生活。
13．A.easy B．quiet
C．bad D．strange
C 解析： 根据下文的that I often couldn’t walk more than a few yards可知，作者的心脏病越来越严重。
14．A.children B．parents
C．wife D．doctors
A 解析： 根据下文给儿子的解释可知，作者担心自己不能在孩子身边。
15．A.person B．letter
C．call D．note
C 解析： 根据下文的the phone rang可知，作者会随时接到有关捐献器官的电话。
16．A.when B．before
C．although D．if
B 解析： 根据上文的come any time and I’d be rushed to hospital可知，作者觉得可能会来不及和儿子告别。
17．A.heart B．bike
C．drug D．address
A 解析： 联系上下文可知，作者需要移植新的心脏。
18．A.then B．yet
C．just D．soon
C 解析： 根据转折副词However可知，电话只是一名推销员打来的。
19．A.days B．weeks
C．months D．years
C 解析： 根据该段首句May 4 was the day when a transplant(移植) match was found.和下文的October可知，作者几个月后感觉越来越好。
20．A.conditions B．problems
C．operations D．transplants
B 解析： 作者是一名心脏病患者并经历了太多痛苦，因此他要鼓励那些同样有心脏问题的孩子们。
语法填空
As a student in college, getting your first car 1.____________(be) an exciting event. However, since students 2.____________(general) do not have any experience in buying cars, it’s a good idea to do some research first. Here are some useful 3.____________(suggest) for students on buying a car.
Firstly, you need to take costs 4.____________ consideration. Some cars break down more often than others and need much money, so make sure to remember this when 5.____________(choose) a car.
If you can’t afford insurance, then you might not be ready 6.____________(buy) a car. If you shop around, you may be able to find a better price than just going along with 7.____________ first company you contact. Ask about good student discounts(折扣)—many insurance companies offer a 8.____________(low) rate if you have good grades.
If you do a lot of driving, 9.____________ will be in your best interests to pick a car that saves gas.
Be sure to read the contract (合同) and check 10.____________ there are any unexpected costs. If you don’t understand something, ask!
【解题导语】 对大学生来说，买车是一件大事，但是因为没有经验，事先多调查研究是明智之举。本文给出了一些建议。
1．is 解析：考查谓语动词。getting做主语，谓语用单数，且文章描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。
2．generally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰谓语动词，因此需要用副词形式。
3．suggestions 解析：考查名词。根据前面的some useful可知，此处表示“一些有用的建议”，故填名词suggestions。
4．into 解析：考查介词。take sth. into consideration意为“把……考虑在内”。
5．choosing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处在when后填v.-ing形式作状语，when choosing＝when you are choosing。
6．to buy 解析：考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。在序数词first前面用定冠词the。
8．lower 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据上文的Ask about good student discounts(折扣)可知，这里是指如果学习成绩好，就能获得更低的价格。
9．it 解析：考查代词。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是本句中的不定式。
10．if/whether 解析：考查连接代词。根据句意可知，此处填表示“是否”的连接词引导宾语从句。
Section Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Points
straight adj.直的；坦诚的；直白的
adv.直，直接，立即
(经典例句)I guide you in the way of wisdom and lead you along straight paths.
我已指教你走智慧的道，引导你行正直的路。
(1)be straight with sb. 对某人坦诚
get sth. straight 弄清楚某事
(2)come straight to... 开门见山
tell sb. straight out 坦率告诉某人
(3)straighten vt. 把……弄直
①The woman only told us some straight facts that day.
那天这个女人只是告诉我们一些直白的事实。
②I’ll try to be straight with my boss.
我会尽量对我的老板坦诚的。
③As we are familiar with each other, let’s come__straight__to the point.
既然我们彼此熟悉，那我们就开门见山吧。
④He put on his jacket and straightened(straight) his tie.
他穿上夹克并弄直了领带。
pain n．痛；疼痛；痛苦；努力；辛苦
(经典例句)We must spare no pains to pass the 2018 College Entrance Examination.
我们必须不遗余力地通过2018年高考。
(1)be in pain 在痛苦中， 在苦恼中
have pains/a pain in the＋部位 ……部位疼
(2)spare no pains (to do sth.) 不遗余力， 全力以赴(做某事)
take pains (to do sth.) 尽力/费苦心(做某事)
(3)painful adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的
①No pains, no gains. [谚语]不劳无获。
②The little girl is in pain because she has a painful(pain)cut in a finger.
小女孩感觉很疼，因为手指上割了一个使她疼痛的伤口。
③To be admitted into a key university, you must take pains to__study(study) all subjects.
要想进入一所重点大学，你必须努力学习所有的课程。
④We must spare no pains to__finish(finish) the task on time although there are lots of difficulties.
虽然有很多困难，我们必须不遗余力地按时完成任务。
pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词； 指肉体上的疼痛时， 可数、 不可数均可； 指辛苦、 刻苦、 努力时， 要用复数形式。
shade n．阴凉处；阴影部分；(色彩的)浓淡
v．遮住；(色调)逐渐变化
(教材P36)He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.
他还创造性地运用不同的灰影来显示马身上流淌的汗水。
(1)put sb./sth.in the shade 使某人/物相形见绌；
使黯然无光
in the shade 在阴凉处
under the shade of a tree 在树荫下
(2)shade...from... 使……免受……的照射
①Your team put our team in the shade that day.
那天你们的队使我们的队黯然失色了。
②We often sat in the shade and had lunch in summer.
在夏天我们经常坐在荫凉处吃午饭。
③We sat down to rest under the shade of a tree.
我们坐在树荫下休息。
④You should shade your eyes from the sun.
你应该遮起你的眼睛以避开阳光。
shade
意为“阴凉处，背阴，(树)荫”，任何照不到阳光、阴凉的地方，指一个立体空间
shadow
意为“阴影；影子”，具体的人或物挡住了光线而形成的清晰的影子，指一个平面
[巧学活用]——用上面的词汇完成下面小片段
To (1)shade the little boy from(使……免受……照射) sunlight，the father asked him to stay in the (2)shade(阴凉处). But the boy cried because he couldn’t find his (3)shadow(影子)．
imagination n. 想像，想像力
(教材P36)Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination. 齐白石的绘画风格往往能让观赏者自由想像，充分发挥其想像力。
(1)beyond one’s imagination 某人想像不到的
(2)imagine vt. 想像；推测
imagine sb./sth. doing sth. 想像某人/某物做某事
(3)imaginative adj. 具有想像力的
imaginable adj. 可想像的；想像得到的
①Another group built something out of their own imaginations.
另一个团体用自己的想像创造出些东西。
②Sorry, I’m so late, but you__cannot__imagine what great trouble I took to find your house. 对不起，我来晚了，可你无法想像我找到你家遇到了多大的麻烦。
③Imagine yourself sitting(sit) behind your big desk.
想像一下你坐在自己新的大书桌后。
④They suggested some very imaginative(imagine) ways of reducing costs.
他们提出了一些很有创意的减少开支的办法。
valuable adj. 有价值的，宝贵的；值钱的，贵重的
(教材P36)His soft portraits of beautiful women are very valuable. 他所画的美貌女子的软笔肖像画价值不菲。
(1)be of great/little/some/no value to sb.
对某人有很大/没什么/有一些/毫无价值
(2)valueless adj. 无价值的
(3)value v. 评价；重视；估价
①Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.
他说，只是在近来，收集大量的个人信息才变得有价值。
②Not until then did I really realize the value(valuable) of friends.
直到那时， 我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。
③The book that he considered valueless(value) proved useful to us.
他认为毫无价值的那本书对我们来说却是很有用的。
④It is important that we (should)__value(value) our friends instead of phones.
我们应该重视我们的朋友而不是手机， 这一点很重要。
typical adj. 典型的
(教材P36)The painting，named Poppy，is a typical example of Chen’s style.
这幅名叫《罂粟花》的画是陈逸飞艺术风格的典型代表。
(1)It is typical of sb. to do sth. ……是某人的特点。
(2)type n. 类型，种类
(3)typically adv. 典型地
①A typical working day for me begins at 7：30.
我的工作日一般从七点半开始。
②It is typical of students to stay up reading till late night before the final exam.
期末考试前熬夜是学生的典型特点。
③This type(typical) of wine is only made in China.
这种酒只在中国酿造。
④Light typically(typical) travels in a straight line.
光的典型特点是沿直线传播。
It is typical of her to take hard jobs. This type of task is typical of difficult work and she’d like to accept the challenge.
emphasise vt.强调
(教材P36)To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.
为了更进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和裙子的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子背后的背景颜色。
emphasis n. 重点；强调；加强语气
lay/put/place emphasis on 把重点放在……；着重于；
强调
①She emphasises that her novels are not written for children. 她强调说她的小说不是写给儿童的。
②We cannot emphasise(emphasis) the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
③The main emphasis(emphasise) should be on quality rather than quantity.
主要的重点应该放在质量上而不是数量上。
④Special emphasis should be laid/put/placed on language study. 语言的学习应该受到格外的重视。
detail n．细节，详情
(教材P36)To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.
为了更进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和裙子的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子背后的背景颜色。
(1)in detail 详细地
go/enter into detail(s) 详谈
(2)detailed adj. 详细的
①We should pay attention to small details while discussing the problem.
在讨论这个问题时我们应该注意小细节。
②She talked in detail about future plans for the school.
她详细谈论了学校将来的计划。
③Mr.Shaw refused to go__into__detail about the discussion.
肖先生拒绝说明这些讨论的详细内容。
④He had a detailed(detail) knowledge of the area.
他对这个地区了如指掌。
fix one’s eyes on 注视；凝视
(教材P36)Its black eyes，which are fixed on the cabbage，show the creature’s interest in the vegetable.
它的黑眼睛正盯着白菜，显露出对白菜的极大兴趣。
fix sth.on/upon sb./sth. 集中(目光、注意力、思想等)于某人/某事物
fix on 确定；决定；选定
fix up 修理，整理；安顿，安排
fix (up) a/the date for... 为……确定日期
with one’s eyes fixed on 注意力集中于……
①He fixed his eyes on the painting full of imagination.
他注视着那幅充满想像力的画。
②We’ve finally fixed on the small village for our summer holiday. 我们最后选定了那个小村庄过暑假。
③If you need more equipment, Mark will fix you up．
如果你需要更多设备，马克会为你安排的。
④With her eyes fixed(fix) on the beautiful clothes，she nearly knocked into someone.
眼睛盯着那些漂亮的衣服，她差点撞到别人身上。
be deep in thought 陷入沉思
(教材P36)In the painting，a young woman sits alone and is deep in thought.
在画中，一名年轻女子独自坐着，陷入沉思。
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
at the thought of... 一想起……
without a second thought 不加考虑；立刻
①Don’t bother him. He is deep in thought.
他在沉思，别打扰他。
②I feel excited at the thought of having a trip tomorrow.
一想到明天去旅行我就感到兴奋。
③He dived in after her without a second thought.
他不假思索地随她跳入水中。
be deep in thought相当于be lost in thought，在句中作状语、定语或宾语补足语时常省去be。
④Lost__in__thought，he almost ran into a car in front of him.
他陷入了沉思，差点撞到前面的汽车上。
(教材P36)Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.
齐白石的绘画风格往往能让观赏者自由想像，充分发挥其想像力。
(1)and连接了两个谓语动词leaves和makes。leaves the audience guessing中的guessing是现在分词，作leave的宾语补足语。
(2)“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构：
leave sb./sth. doing (sth.) 使某人/物正做(某事)
leave sth. done 让/使某事被做
leave sb./sth. ＋n./adj./adv./介词短语
使某人/物成为或止于某种状态
①The man left their home, leaving his wife crying in the room. 这个男人离开了家，留下妻子在房间里哭泣。
②You’d better not leave the running water running(run) all day. 你最好不要让水龙头整天开着。
③The young man fell ill at work, leaving his work unfinished(finish)．
这个年轻人上班时病倒了，工作没有做完。
④At present she was too angry and we’d better leave__her__alone． 现在她太生气了，我们最好不要打扰她。
(教材P37)I wish I could have bought a painting，but they are too expensive for me!
我希望我能买一幅画，但是它们对于我来说太贵了！
wish＋that-clause(that常省去)，宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，表示“未实现或不太可能实现的愿望”。
wish作主句谓语时宾语从句谓语的情况
从句时态
谓语动词形式
一般过去时 (表示与wish同时发生的动作)
动词用过去式
(be一般用were)
过去完成时 (表示发生在wish之前的动作)
had＋过去分词
过去将来时 (表示发生在wish之后的动作)
would＋动词原形
①I wish I were rich enough to buy a new car.
我希望我足够富有买得起新车。(与现在事实相反)
②How I wish I had__got(get) the information earlier!
我是多么希望当时早点得到这信息啊！(与过去事实相反)
③Is it going to snow this afternoon？If so，I wish you would__stay(stay)． 今天下午将要下雪是吗？要是如此，我希望你留下来。(表示对将要发生事情的一种愿望)
品句填词
1．She leaned ____________(优雅地) against the door.
答案：elegantly
2．My daughter is a child with vivid ____________(想像力)．
答案：imagination
3．There was a ____________(皱褶) in the page.
答案：fold
4．Beauty is an ____________(抽象的) concept.
答案：abstract
5．He caused his parents a great deal of ____________(痛苦)．
答案：pain
6．I was covered in ____________(汗) after running.
答案：sweat
7．They went on ____________(岸边) the moment the ship reached the harbor.
答案：shore
8．He travelled around the world in his ____________(青年时期)．
答案：youth
9．This small river is more ____________(浅的) than that.
答案：shallow
10．The trees provide ____________(阴凉处) for the animals in the summer.
答案：shade
单句改错
1．The teacher went out and left the students talk freely.____________________
答案：talk→talking
2．I wish I know all about this matter now.____________________
答案：know→knew
3．He saw the man knock down by a motorcycle.____________________
答案：knock→knocked
4．I wish that Shanghai has spring all year around.____________________
答案：has→had
5．Little Tom ran out of the door，left all the toys on the ground.____________________
答案：left→leaving
课文语法填空
Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese folk art. He developed the tradition of combining 1.____________(poet) with painting. His famous painting is Racing Horse. He used different shades of grey 2.____________ a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.
Qi Baishi was one of China’s greatest 3.____________ (paint). He worked with wood during his early 4.____________ (young). Then his interest changed to simple pictures from everyday life，such as vegetables，flowers，birds，and insects.
Chen Yifei was a very 5.____________(success) artist. His soft portraits of beautiful women are very 6.____________(value). His painting，Poppy，is a 7.____________(type) example of Chen’s style. In the painting，a young woman sits alone and is deep in thought. Her hand holding the fan is 8.____________(elegant) positioned above her knees. 9.____________ emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind 10.____________ woman black.
答案：1.poetry 2.in 3.painters 4.youth 5.successful
6．valuable 7.typical 8.elegantly 9.To 10.the
A卷
单句语法填空
1．In my ____________(imagine)，I thought I heard her calling me.
答案：imagination
2．I’m grateful to you for taking pains ____________(show) me how to do the work.
答案：to show
3．The children’s paintings are ____________ exhibition at the school.
答案：on
4．I see him sit in ____________ shade of a tree.
答案：the
5．Nothing is more ____________(value) than time.
答案：valuable
6．It is typical of him ____________(forget) to bring a present.
答案：to forget
7．Our English course places great emphasis ____________ conversational skills.
答案：on
8．Looking up，I saw their eyes ____________(fix) on me in curiosity.
答案：fixed
9．He was silent for a moment，deep ____________ thought.
答案：in
10．Don’t leave him ____________(wait) out in the rain.
答案：waiting
阅读理解
America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
【解题导语】 文章主要描述了中国人和美国人对待友谊的不同观点和做法。
1．The writer of this passage must be ______．
A．an American B．a Chinese
C．a professor D．a student
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand和第三段Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans可知作者是中国人，故选B。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.
B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.
C．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.
D．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending sometimes deeply into both families.可知A、B是中国人对待友谊的做法，而美国人不那样做，故错误；根据If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship.可知C正确；根据The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.可知D错误。
3．A suitable title for this passage would probably be“________”．
A．Friendships Between Chinese
B．Friendships Between Americans
C．Americans’ Hospitality
D．Americans’ and Chinese’s Views of Friendships
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了中国人和美国人对待友谊的不同观点和做法，故选D。
完形填空
I lost my elderly mother a few weeks ago. Actually, my mother had fallen over during the night and had not been able to __1__ again. She had woken up the neighbors by banging(敲击) on the wall. The __2__ called an ambulance, which took her __3__ to the hospital.
My mother has __4__ thought that hospitals are a real horror. She believes that doctors and hospitals give you __5__ diseases. My father went to hospital a year ago, and after a few weeks, he __6__. The fact that he was also in the final __7__ of lung cancer was certainly related, but by my mother’s logic, my father’s death was __8__ with the hospital.
When a neighbor __9__ me up and told me that my mother had been taken off in an ambulance, the first thing I did was similar, which was to ring Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The paramedics(护理人员) had told my neighbor that my mother would __10__ be taken there, __11__ I was told that no one by that name had been __12__. So they gave me the numbers of two other West Midland hospitals. Neither of them __13__ that they were holding my mother. I rang the __14__ and asked them to find her, but the nice officer said he could only do that if she had been reported as a(n) __15__ person.
It took six calls to __16__ my mother. She had been in Queen Elizabeth Hospital all along, but because their computer system hadn’t been updated overnight, there was no record of her __17__. My mother had spent more than a __18__ in the hospital when it turned out there was nothing __19__ with her. I managed to get her out within 10 days, but only by agreeing that in the future, she would live downstairs. In return, the hospital said they would __20__ for a social worker to visit the house three or four times a day.
Luckily, my mother is safe. Thank all the people who have given their help to us.
【解题导语】 作者在本文中讲述了母亲摔倒后住院的过程，表达了对帮助自己和母亲的人的感谢。
1．A.wake up B．get up
C．stay up D．send up
B 解析：根据前面的句子my mother had fallen over可知，母亲摔倒后没能再站起来。get up“站起来”符合题意。
2．A.neighbors B．strangers
C．relatives D．friends
A 解析：根据前面的句子She had woken up the neighbors by banging(敲击) on the wall. 可知，母亲敲击了邻居家的墙，所以应该是邻居们打电话叫的救护车。neighbors“邻居们”符合题意。
3．A.out B．up
C．away D．off
D 解析：根据空格后面的词hospital可知，此处说的是救护车把母亲送到医院。固定搭配take sb. off意思是“把某人带走”，符合题意。
4．A.hardly B．occasionally
C．always D．rarely
C 解析：根据第二段解释的原因可知，母亲总是对医院怀有恐惧感。always“总是”符合题意。
5．A.strange B．special
C．fatal D．final
C 解析：根据后面父亲的去世可知，母亲认为医生和医院会给人们带来致命的疾病。fatal“致命的，毁灭性的”符合题意。
6．A.passed away B．passed by
C．passed over D．passed down
A 解析：根据下文中的by my mother’s logic, my father’s death和with the hospital可知，父亲在医院里去世了。passed away“去世”符合题意。
7．A.measures B．cures
C．stages D．years
C 解析：根据生活常识可知，此处意为：事实上，父亲的死与他的晚期肺癌有关。stages“阶段”符合题意。
8．A.connected B．faced
C．equipped D．pleased
A 解析：根据本段的第一句话可知，母亲对医院有恐惧感，因此她认为作者父亲的死与医院有关。be connected with“与……有关”符合题意。
9．A.met B．rang
C．scolded D．promised
B 解析：根据下面的句子the first thing I did was similar, which was to ring Queen Elizabeth Hospital可知，邻居先给作者打了电话，作者又给医院打了电话。similar是得出该答案的关键词。rang“打电话”符合题意。
10．A.willingly B．happily
C．likely D．easily
C 解析：根据第三段内容可知，作者给医院打电话找母亲，因为医护人员曾告诉邻居作者的母亲可能被带到了那里。likely“很可能”符合题意。
11．A.but B．and
C．when D．or
A 解析：尽管被告知母亲可能在那家医院，但根据下文可知，作者并没有找到他的老母亲。but“但是”表示转折，符合题意。
12．A.adopted B．admitted
C．adjusted D．adapted
B 解析：作者被告知医院没有接收过叫那个名字的人。admitted“接受(某人)入院或入学等”符合题意。
13．A.refused B．said
C．asked D．suggested
B 解析：根据下文内容可知，另外两家医院都说作者母亲没有住在他们医院。
14．A.police B．family
C．doctors D．nurses
A 解析：根据下面句子中的the nice officer 可知，作者打电话给警察。(the) police“警察”符合题意。
15．A.old B．dead
C．missing D．ill
C 解析：本句话的意思是说，如果按失踪人员来报案，警察才能出去找人。missing“失踪的”符合题意。
16．A.rescue B．locate
C．comfort D．persuade
B 解析：根据下面的句子She had been in Queen Elizabeth Hospital all along可知，母亲被找到了，因此可以推断，作者打了六个电话才确定了母亲的位置。locate“找出(某人的)准确位置”符合题意。
17．A.illness B．arrival
C．checkout D．medicine
B 解析：根据上面的句子because their computer system hadn’t been updated overnight可知，因为计算机系统没有更新，所以没有母亲的入院记录。arrival“到达”符合题意。
18．A.month B．year
C．week D．day
C 解析：根据下面的句子I managed to get her out within 10 days可知，母亲在医院住了一个多星期。week“周，星期”符合题意。
19．A.interesting B．wrong
C．especial D．important
B 解析：下文中母亲出院，暗示母亲没事了。固定搭配there is nothing wrong with... 意思是“……没问题”，wrong“有毛病的”符合题意。
20．A.allow B．answer
C．arrange D．call
C 解析：医院说他们会安排一名社会工作者每天到家中看望母亲三、四次。固定搭配 arrange for sb. to do sth. 意思是“安排某人做某事”，arrange“安排”符合题意。
B卷
阅读理解
A
The biggest hamburger restaurant chain(连锁) in the world is McDonald’s. It started in 1955 with just one restaurant, but now has more than 20,000 worldwide. There are more than 12,000 McDonald’s restaurants only in the U．S. You can find them in 100 countries on six continents. There isn’t a McDonald’s in Antarctica, but I don’t suppose they eat hamburgers at the South Pole. When you eat at a McDonald’s restaurant you are joining the 35 million people who eat and drink at McDonald’s every day, and there are more than one million people who work there. McDonald’s has sold 100 billion hamburgers since it opened, and it sells more than 6.8 million pounds of French Fries every day.
How do you like your hamburger restaurant? There are old McDonald’s—part of one restaurant in England is 600 years old. There are elegant(高雅的) McDonald’s—there is one on the Champs Elysees in Paris. There are cool McDonald’s—there is one in Hollywood. There are McDonald’s restaurants on ships and trains, in hospitals and zoos, in airports and in colleges.
Clearly many people like the speed, hygiene(卫生) and cheapness of fast food restaurants. However, not everyone likes fast food. Some people question the nutritional value of the food; some people think the fast food causes too much waste and pollution. So the fast food business gives us__plenty__of__food__for__thought,__as well as convenient, affordable meals.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了McDonald饭店，它的遍布地以及它的一些特色和成就。
1．There are ________ McDonald’s restaurants outside the U．S. now.
A．about 20，000 B．about 8，000
C．about 12，000 D．about 32，000
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中．..now has more than 20，000 worldwide.There are more than 12,000 McDonald’s restaurants only in the U．S.说明剩余的8 000左右在美国以外的地方，故选B。
2．How many people does each McDonald’s employee serve on average every day?
A．About 350 people.
B．About 100 people.
C．About 35 people.
D．About 600 people.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中When you eat at a McDonald’s restaurant you are joining the 35 million people who eat and drink at McDonald’s every day，and there are more than one million people who work there.说明每天有3 500万的人在享受它的美食，有100万人在这里工作，所以平均每个员工为35个顾客服务，故选C。
3．From the passage we can infer that ________．
A．there are McDonald’s of different styles to meet different customers
B．the writer encourages more people to eat hamburgers
C．the writer thinks people should stop eating hamburgers
D．hamburgers are of great nutritional value
A 解析：推理判断题。根据二、三两段可以看出快餐馆根据不同的人提供不同的需求，故选A。
4．The underlined phrase “plenty of food for thought” in the last paragraph probably means ________．
A．a lot of delicious food
B．a lot of food you can afford
C．a lot of food to think about
D．a lot of convenient food
C 解析：推理判断题。根据后文as well as convenient, affordable meals，可知前后所表达的内容相同，说明还有很多食物去考虑，故选C。
B
One night，the first floor of the house suddenly caught fire.The fire was big，and soon became a sea of fire.On the second floor lived a little girl and her grandmother; the little girl’s parents had died，and she lived together with her grandma.In order to rescue the little girl，the grandmother was burned to death，leaving the little girl crying for help loudly.
How could people enter the house？At the very moment，a man carrying a ladder rushed to the flames and got into the window.When he appeared again in the eyes of the people，the little girl was in his arms.He gave the child to the crowd，and then disappeared into the night.
This little girl had no family.Two months later a meeting was held to find a person to adopt(收养) the girl.A teacher was willing to adopt this child，and said she could give her the best education; a farmer wanted to adopt this child，saying that village life would let the child grow up healthily and happily; a rich man said，“I can give the child everything that others can do.”
A lot of people who wanted to adopt this child said about many benefits of their adopting the child.But the little girl’s face had no expression.At this time，a man，through the crowd，walked straight in front of the little girl，and opened his arms for the little girl.People were puzzled，and they found that the man had terrible scars on his arms.The little girl let out a cry，“This is the man who saved me！”She suddenly jumped up，and buried her face in his arms and sobbed.Naturally the man adopted the girl.
【解题导语】 一场无情的大火夺走了小女孩唯一的亲人，大火无情人有情，很多人提出要收养小女孩给她最好的生活，但小女孩认出了曾救过自己的男子，很开心地被他收养了。
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The grandma was too old to rush out of the room.
B．The little girl and her grandpa lived on the second floor.
C．To rescue the little girl，her grandma died in the fire.
D．The grandma and the little girl cried for help loudly on the first floor.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中In order to rescue the little girl，the grandmother was burned to death...得知奶奶为了救小女孩自己葬身火海。故选C。
6．What did the man do when he had saved the little girl?
A．He returned to his work.
B．He left the girl to the crowd and left quickly.
C．He was injured and went to the hospital.
D．He took the girl home.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中He gave the child to the crowd，and then disappeared into the night.可知，救人男子把小女孩交给人群，自己悄悄离开了。故选B。
7．The meeting was held there in order to ________．
A．decide who would adopt the girl
B．find out who had rescued the girl
C．decide how the girl would be raised
D．honor the hero who had saved the girl
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中Two months later a meeting was held to find a person to adopt(收养) the girl. 可知，开会是为了商量由谁来收养小女孩。故选A。
8．What can we learn from the passage?
A．People didn’t want to help the little girl at first.
B．The man who had saved the girl was a fireman.
C．The rich man would buy everything the girl needed.
D．The girl recognized the man and was happy to be adopted by him.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This is the man who saved me！” She suddenly jumped up，and buried her face in his arms and sobbed.Naturally the man adopted the girl.可知当时从火海中救下小女孩的男子收养了她。故选D。
七选五
How to Fit in High School?
Entering high school can be a great challenge. 1.________ And with the homework piling up, you’ll find that you can’t quite do well between your study and friendship. In this guide, your problems will hopefully be solved and you will soon find yourself confident and happy at high school.
Make a good first impression. 2.________ Get to know your classmates and keep active in every lesson. Reach out to other students. Everyone is looking for a new friend, so just go up to someone who looks nice and say hello.
3．________ If you are having trouble fitting in, just stay who you truly are. Don’t bother yourself about your appearance. Forget about other students’ grades. You are who you are.
Listen to your teachers. Pay attention in class and try your best to understand what the teachers are trying to teach you. If you have a question, don’t be afraid to ask. Everyone gets confused sometimes. 4.________ If you get the courage to raise your hand, other students may look up to you.
Make friends and join clubs. You’re going to have to be independent and find your feet in the new environment. It may be hard, but sooner or later you will be fine. 5.________ Consider joining clubs and make friends there. Not being interested at first doesn’t mean that you won’t be interested once you try it out.
A．Be yourself.
B．Be open to new opportunities.
C．Try to do homework at least an hour per day.
D．Be kind, polite and truly do your best.
E．You will meet lots of new things in a new school.
F．Other students may feel just as nervous as you do.
G．Don’t forget who you were before high school.
【解题导语】 本文是关于如何适应高中生活的几条提示。
1．E 解析：上文讲到开始高中生活是个挑战，下文讲到的是关于学习和友谊的方面，空格处“你将在一个新学校遇到许多新事物”承上启下。
2．D 解析：空格前说的是：留下好印象，空格后说的是一些具体做法。故此处D项符合题意。
3．A 解析：根据空后的If you are having trouble fitting in, just stay who you truly are.可知，此处说的是保持真实的自我，与A项吻合。
4．F 解析：根据空后的If you get the courage to raise your hand, other students may look up to you.可知，此处应该填F项(其他学生可能会感觉和你一样紧张。)。
5．B 解析：根据空后的Consider joining clubs and make friends there.可知，此处说的是多参加活动，善于把握机会。故填B项。
短文改错
Last Sunday I see a traffic accident on my way home. Let me tell you that happened. I was walked down the road when there came loud crash. Two taxis crashed into each other about ten meter away. Trap in the car, the two drivers were badly injured. Lucky, they were rescued in time because of people came to help them and called an ambulance. It was clear that the taxi drivers were such hurried that they drove too fast. It showed their lack of concern for the safety of both others and himself.
答案：
Last Sunday I a traffic accident on my way home. Let me tell you happened. I was down the road when there came loud crash. Two taxis crashed into each other about ten away. in the car, the two drivers were badly injured. ， they were rescued in time because people came to help them and called an ambulance. It was clear that the taxi drivers were hurried that they drove too fast. It showed their lack of concern for the safety of both others and .
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
1．feature n． 特征，特色
2．statue n. 雕像
3．architect n. 建筑师
4．ruin vt. 毁坏，毁灭
5．dynasty n. 朝代，王朝
6．purpose n. 目的，意图
7．pattern n. 式样，模式
8．character n. (书写或印刷的)字，字体
9．balcony n. 阳台
10．fairytale n. 童话
11．jewellery n. (总称)珠宝
12．religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的→religion n．宗教
13．happiness n．幸福，快乐→happy adj.快乐的
1．date__back__(to) 追溯(到)
2．be__related__to 与……有亲属关系；与……相关/有联系
3．try__out 试用，试验
4．sort__of 有几分地
5．as__if/though 好像，仿佛
6．come__out 出现；出版；结果是
7．put__up 举起；张贴，挂上
8．cross__out 划掉，删掉
9．in__the__shape__of 以……形式；呈……的形状
10．come__up 被提出，被考虑；走上前来
1．现在分词作伴随状语
“A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman’s paper-cutting skills before marrying her！”explained Mr Chen, laughing__at__the__look__of__surprise__on__my_
_face (看到我脸上惊讶的表情笑了)．
2．whose＋名词：引导定语从句
A present for parents whose__child__has__recently__been__born (孩子近期出生的) might show a paper cut of children，for example.
3．as引导原因状语从句
The interview was very useful as__I__got__a__lot__of__interesting__information(因为我得到了很多有趣的信息) for my article.
Read the passage on P40 and choose the best answer.
1．From the interview，we still have no idea________．
A．when people began to make paper cuts
B．how many kinds of paper cuts there are
C．what paper cuts are used for
D．how many paper-cutting artists there are now
2．The purpose for a young man to look at a young woman’s paper-cutting skills before marrying her may be to see ________．
A．if the woman is rich
B．if the woman is skillful
C．if the woman is beautiful
D．if the woman knows the history of paper cuts
3．You are going to attend your friend’s wedding. You can put up ________ on your present.
A．a paper cut of the Chinese character for double happiness
B．a paper cut of children
C．a paper cut of a dragon
D．a paper cut of a fish
4．Why does the author think the interview was very useful?
A．He got to know what he could give to his friends when they held a wedding.
B．He made up his mind to learn paper-cutting from Mr Chen.
C．He got a lot of information for his article on Chinese Art.
D．He learned how to make a paper cut.
答案：1－4.DBAC
The Art of Paper
Chen Zijiang is a paper－cutting① expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art②. Paper－cutting is something that he learned to do from an early age③.
“It is a Chinese folk art with a long history④”， Mr Chen told me, “Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs⑤ which date back to⑥ the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty⑦！” He added⑧ that by the Southern Song Dynasty, paper－cutting had become an important part of everyday life. “A young farmer who wanted a wife⑨ would look at a young woman’s paper－cutting skills before marrying⑩ her！” explained Mr Chen, laughing at the look of surprise on my face.
①paper－cutting 修饰expert。
②whom引导定语从句，修饰a paper－cutting expert, whom也可用who代替。
③that引导定语从句，修饰something。
④with a long history意为：有悠久历史的，在句中作定语。
⑤tomb [tu?m] n．坟墓
⑥date back (to )追溯(到)；date from...追溯到……
⑦dynasty ['d?n?sti] n. 朝代，王朝
which引导限制性定语从句，修饰tombs。
⑧add 此处意为：补充说。
⑨who引导定语从句，修饰A young farmer。
⑩marry v．娶；嫁；结婚
剪纸艺术
为了写关于中国艺术的文章，我采访了剪纸艺术家陈子江。他自幼学习剪纸。
陈先生告诉我说：“剪纸是历史悠久的中国民间艺术。在南北朝时期的墓中就已经发现了动物剪纸！”他补充说，南宋王朝时期，剪纸就已经成为日常生活中的重要组成部分。看着我脸上的惊异表情，陈先生笑着解释道：“一个想要一个妻子的年轻农夫会在娶她前看看这个年轻女子的剪纸技术！”
Mr Chen went on to explain? that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today?： paper cuts for decoration?， for religious? purposes? and for design patterns?.
Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates. They are usually put up? during holidays to bring good luck.They are also used on presents.A present for parents whose child has recently been born? might show a paper cut of children, for example. Paper cuts which show the Chinese character? for double happiness? are often used to celebrate weddings.
?go on to do sth.继续做某事(另一件事)；go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
?which引导定语从句，修饰paper cuts。
?decoration n．装饰；装饰物
?religious [r?'l?d??s] adj.宗教的；虔诚的
?purpose ['p??p?s] n．目的，意图； on purpose 故意地
?pattern ['p?t?n] n．式样，模式
?put up 挂起；张贴
?whose引导定语从句，修饰parents。
?character ['k?r?kt?] n．(书写或印刷的)字，字体
?happiness ['h?p?n?s] n．幸福，快乐
which引导定语从句，修饰 paper cuts。
be used to do sth.被用来做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事
celebrate v．庆祝
陈先生继续解释说，如今人们还在剪的剪纸有三种：用来装饰的、用于宗教目的的和用于图案设计的。
人们常在窗户和门上看到用作装饰的剪纸。它们通常在节日期间被贴上，以(乞求)带来好运。人们也常用它们来装饰礼物。比如，给刚为人父母的人送的礼物会装饰有孩子图案的剪纸；而中国“囍”字的剪纸常用来庆贺婚礼。
Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples. They are also used as offerings to the dead.People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.
The third kind of paper cuts are those used to make patterns on clothing.They are also sometimes used to decorate jewellery boxes.Dragons are very popular patterns for these designs.
The interview was very useful as I got a lot of interesting information for my article. I was also ready to try out paper－cutting for myself. “See you next week，” I said as I waved goodbye to Mr Chen. I was going to meet him again so that he could help me make my first paper cut！
temple ['temp?l] n．庙宇；寺庙
offering ['?f?r??] n．供品，祭品； offer vt.提供
the dead 死者；“the＋adj.”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数形式。
relate [r?'le?t] vt.把……与……联系起来； be related to...与……相关；与……相联系
划线部分是“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
jewellery ['d?u??lri] n．(总称)珠宝
as引导原因状语从句。
try out试用，试验
for oneself 亲自；为自己；of oneself自动地；by oneself独自
wave goodbye to sb.与某人挥手告别
用于宗教目的的剪纸常见于寺庙中，也用作给死者的祭祀用品。死者亲属会在特殊的日子和节日期间剪这些祭祀剪纸。
第三种剪纸常用在衣服上的图案中，有时也用作装饰首饰盒。龙是这些设计中非常流行的图案。
这次采访很有用，因为我为我的文章收集到了许多有趣的信息。我也准备自己试做剪纸。在挥手告别陈先生时，我说：“下周见。”我想再见到他，请他帮我剪我的第一张剪纸。
ruin n. 废墟，遗址；毁坏，毁灭
vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭
(教材P112)The castle was in ruins for 200 years until it was rebuilt in 1932.
这座城堡成为废墟已经200年了，直到1932年才重新修建。
in ruins 成为废墟；严重受损；破败不堪
fall into ruin 破败；坍塌
bring...to ruin 使……毁灭
①You will completely ruin the flowers if you touch them.
如果你碰到这些花，你就会彻底毁了它们。
②When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in__ruins．
当他们第二天回到Rockaway时，他们发现他们的邻居的家变成了废墟。
③After the earthquake, many buildings fell into ruin.
地震过后，很多大楼都坍塌了。
④It was the failure that brought his dream to ruin.
是这次失败毁灭了他的梦想。
ruin
表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，强调该物的使用价值出现了问题
damage
指损坏，意味着损坏后价值或效率降低，一般是部分性的破坏，还可修复
destroy
指十分彻底的破坏，含有不能或很难修复的意思
[巧学活用]——选词填空(destroy/ruin/damage)
(1)Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.
(2)His life was ruined by drinking.
(3)All his hopes were destroyed．
purpose n. 目的；意图；用途
(教材P40)Mr Chen went on to explain that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today：paper cuts for decoration，for religious purposes and for design patterns.
陈先生继续解释说，如今人们还在剪的剪纸有三种：用来装饰的、用于宗教目的的和用于图案设计的。
on purpose 故意地
with/for the purpose of 出于……的目的；为了……
①When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.
当我13岁时，我唯一的目的是成为校足球队的明星。
②They think that the fire was started on purpose.
它们认为是有人故意纵火。
③The young man came to this city with__the__purpose__of finding a job.
这个年轻人来到这个城市是为了找工作。
character n．(书写或印刷的)字；字体；性格，品质；特色；(书、剧本中的)人物；名声，声望
(教材P40)Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used to celebrate weddings.
中国“囍”字的剪纸常用来庆贺婚礼。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中character的含义
(1)The twins look like each other but they have very different characters：one is quiet while the other is active.性格
(2)At the end of the story, the main character, a young man had to leave his girlfriend.角色
(3)Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China.汉字
character表示“人物；文字”，用作可数名词；表示“品质；性格”，用作可数或不可数名词。
He described the character of the character he played with two Chinese characters.
(经典例句)She sort of pretends that she doesn’t really care. 她摆出一副并不真正在乎的样子。
a sort/kind/type of 一种
all sorts/kinds/types of 各种各样的
①I’m sort of worried about Mary.
我有点担心玛丽。
②People say I look sort of like my grandfather when he was young. 人们说我有点像爷爷年轻时的样子。
③There are all__sorts__of goods available these days.
现在可以买到各种各样的商品。
date back to(＝date from)
追溯到……，始于……，自……存在至今
(教材P40)Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!
在南北朝时期的墓中就已经发现了动物剪纸！
out of date 过时的
up to date 最时兴的
make a date with sb. 同某人约会
set a date 订一个日期
to date 迄今
①The old vase can date back to thousands of years ago.
这个古花瓶可以追溯到几千年前。
②The custom dates from hundreds of years ago.
这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
③Low technology is regarded as something that is out of date today. 低等技术被视为当今已经过时的东西。
④She wears clothes that are right up__to__date．
她穿着最时兴的衣服。
date from与date back to都用于主动语态，不用于被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词-ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但date from和date back to要用一般现在时。
[巧学活用]——用date的相关短语完成下面小片段
Stamp collecting is not (1)out__of__date(过时). My interest in stamp collecting (2)dates__back__to/dates__from(追溯到) my schooldays. Once I got a stamp of an old temple. According to an expert，the temple has a long history (3)dating__back__to/dating__from(追溯到) the early Tang Dynasty.
put up 公布；张贴；举起，抬起；建造，搭建；提供膳宿，留宿
(教材P40)They are usually put up during holidays to bring good luck.
它们通常在节日期间被贴上，以(乞求)带来好运。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中put up的含义
(1)They put up a new house here.建造
(2)We put up at a hotel that night.留宿
(3)She put up a notice about the school trip of Italy.张贴
put aside 忽视；储存……备用
put away 收起；储蓄
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put forward 提出；拨快(时钟指针)
put out 扑灭；出版
put off 推迟
put through 完成；接通电话
put up with 忍受，容忍
①We’ve had to put off our wedding until September.
我们只得把婚期推迟到九月。
②I can’t put up with their smoking.
我不能忍受他们吸烟。
③At the meeting the young man put__forward a good idea.
在会议上，这个年轻人提出一个好主意。
be related to 与……有亲属关系；与……相关/有联系
(教材P40)People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.
死者亲属会在特殊的日子和节日期间剪这些祭祀剪纸。
(1)relate...to/with... 把……与……联系起来
relate to... 涉及；与……相关
(2)relation n. [U]关系； [C]亲属
relationship n. (人际)关系
①There is no doubt that your disease is related to your unhealthy diet.
毫无疑问，你这病跟你不健康的饮食有关。
②The plan related(relate) to the project is under discussion.
与这项工程有关的计划正在讨论中。
③I can’t relate what he did to/with what I saw.
我无法把他所做的和我所看到的联系起来。
④We try to improve relations(relate) between our two countries.
我们努力改进我们两国间的关系。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
对话的主题应该与文章的主题相关。
(1)The theme of the dialogue should relate__to the theme of the passage.
(2)The theme of the dialogue should be__related__to the theme of the passage.
try out 试验，试用
(教材P40)I was also ready to try out paper-cutting for myself. 我也准备自己试做剪纸。
try for 争取，谋求；试图获得
try on 试穿
try out for 参加……的选拔，成为……的一员
try to do 努力/企图做……
try doing 试着做……
①When he was young, he was always trying out some new ideas. 他小时候，总是喜欢试验一些新想法。
②Your plan sounds reasonable，but it still needs to be tried out .
你的计划听起来不错，但是还需要验证。
③He tried out for the football team，but was turned down for being too light.
他努力争取参加足球队，但是因为体重太轻被拒绝了。
④The salesgirl asked me to try on a smaller coat.
这个女售货员让我试穿一件小点的外套。
⑤There’s no point having wishes if you don’t at least try__to__do__them．
有理想，却不愿为之努力，那只是空想。
(教材P40)“A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman’s paper-cutting skills before marrying her！” explained Mr Chen, laughing at the look of surprise on my face.
看着我脸上的惊异表情，陈先生笑着解释道：“一个想要一个妻子的年轻农夫会在娶她前看看这个年轻女子的剪纸技术！”
本句是一个复合句，who引导定语从句，修饰A young farmer。 laughing at the look of surprise on my face是现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语表示主动，在句中可充当状语，表示伴随、方式、让步、原因、结果等。
①Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. 如果向左走，你将找到通向公园的小道。
②Weighing(weigh) almost 50 kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone.
虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，但他一个人就把它挪动了。
③Their car was caught in a traffic jam, causing(cause) the delay.
他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。
④The children ran out of the room, laughing__and__talking__merrily．
那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。
过去分词短语也可在句中作状语，表示被动。
⑤Helped(help) by their teacher，the students finished the task successfully.
在老师的帮助下，学生们成功地完成了任务。
(教材P40)A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children，for example. 例如，给刚为人父母的人送的礼物会装饰有孩子图案的剪纸。
本句为主从复合句，whose child has recently been born为定语从句，修饰先行词parents。whose引导定语从句，其后须跟名词，构成“whose＋名词短语”，whose用作定语。
whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。“whose＋名词短语”可转化为“the＋名词＋介词＋which/whom”或“介词＋which/whom＋the＋名词”结构，这两种结构词序不同，表达的意义一样。
①This is the woman scientist whose name is known to all over the country.
这是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家。
②The book whose cover is missing is mine.
那本封面丢了的书是我的。
③This is Miss Lin whose story I have told you.
这是林女士，我告诉过你她的故事
[巧学活用]——一句多译
这个女孩住在这所房子里，房子的窗户是朝南开的。
(1)The girl lives in the house，whose__windows face south.
(2)The girl lives in the house，the__windows__of__which face south.
(3)The girl lives in the house，of__which__the__windows face south.
(教材P40)The interview was very useful as I got a lot of interesting information for my article.
这次采访很有用，因为我为我的文章收集到了许多有趣的信息。
(1)本句为主从复合句，as引导的为原因状语从句。
(2)as作为conj.(连词)的主要用法：
①当……时；随着……(引导时间状语从句)
②以……的方式(引导方式状语从句)
③如同……那样，像(引导比较状语从句)
④因为；既然(引导原因状语从句)
⑤尽管；虽然(引导让步状语从句)
①I was coming in as he was going out.
我进来的时候，他正出去。
②As she grew older，she kept more to herself.
随着年龄的增长，她变得更沉默了。
③You ought to do as Paul tells you.
你应按照保罗告诉你的去做。
④It isn’t so/as easy as__you__think．
这不像你想的那么容易。
⑤I must stop now as I have to go out.
我得就此打住了，因为我得出去。
as用作“尽管，虽然”引导让步状语从句时，as从句要倒装。
⑥Try__as__he__might,__he failed to pull it off.
虽然他一试再试，却没有成功。
品句填词
1．He is known as a successful ____________(建筑师)．
答案：architect
2．The ____________(雕塑) was carved out of ice.
答案：statue
3．It’s good for me to have a room with a ____________(阳台)．
答案：balcony
4．The behavior ____________(模式) is typical of this age group.
答案：pattern
5．Mother told me some ____________(童话) when I was young.
答案：fairytales
6．She wore so much ____________(珠宝) that she seemed to be covered in gold.
答案：jewellery
7．I wish this book was written in bigger ____________(字体)．
答案：characters
8．The Grand Canal began to build in the Sui ____________(朝代)．
答案：Dynasty
9．People have the right of freedom in ____________(宗教的) beliefs.
答案：religious
10．As friends，we should share sorrow and ____________(快乐)with each other.
答案：happiness
单句改错
1．It is typical for him to keep others waiting.____________________
答案：for→of
2．This is a lecture relating to protecting the environment.____________________
答案：relating→related
3．The women sat there, chatted happily.____________________
答案：chatted→chatting
4．That is a book, cover of which is very beautiful.____________________
答案：cover前加the
5．My father bought a vase dated back to one hundred years ago.____________________
答案：dated→dating
完成句子
1．有些学生的问题我回答不出来。
There are some students ________________________．
答案：whose questions I can’t answer
2．他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。
He ran along, ____________________．
答案：shouting aloud
3．电影讲的是一个被他妻子出卖的间谍。
The film is about a spy ________________________．
答案：whose wife betrays him
4．我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。
I must stop writing now，____________________________．
答案：as I have rather a lot of work to do
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The city lay in ____________(ruin) after the earthquake.
答案：ruins
2．Do you really think he did it ____________ purpose?
答案：on
3．This castle ____________(date) back to Roman times.
答案：dates
4．These two events were ____________(relate) to each other.
答案：related
5．Shirley will try ____________ for the lead in the play.
答案：out
6．I’d like a room ____________ window looks out over the sea.
答案：whose
7．If you do ____________ I say, your dream will come true soon.
答案：as
8．You have put ____________ a good case, but I still have to decide against you.
答案：up
9．I was feeling sort ____________ tired from the trip to New York.
答案：of
10．He resembles his father very much ____________ character.
答案：in
阅读理解
A
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult and they may seem to happen quickly. Don’t panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy balanced decisions that will help shape your future. You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situations are fine! Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. You will probably want to be independent. But try not to shut your family out of your life! You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself. Your family have been with you since you came into this world.
It is also perfectly natural in this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. Choose your friends wisely. A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.
This period is part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey and there will be some__people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not ever see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. The choices that you make from now on will be your choices. So making the right choices will be important to you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
【解题导语】 本文对于青少年逐渐成长为成年人的过程中出现的问题进行了解释，提供了建议。
1．Who do the underlined words“some people”(Para.5) probably refer to?
A．Your parents. B．Your classmates.
C．True friends. D．Your relatives.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据下文的The reality is that you may not ever see all of your classmates again.可知，此处的划线短语指的是一起成长的同学们。故选B项。
2．The author thinks teenage years are ________．
A．a period of complete freedom
B．too hard for young people to get through
C．an important time for the young to make the right choices
D．a very important period for young students to leave their parents
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的So making the right choices will be important to you.可知作者认为，在青少年时期作出正确的决定是非常重要的。故选C项。
3．Who is the passage mainly written for?
A．Teenagers. B．Teachers.
C．Young parents. D．Adults.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes.可知，这篇文章是写给青少年的。故选A项。
B
Summer is around the corner, and you may already be dreaming about how you’ll spend your break. Chances are, staying in school is not your top pick. But for 13-year-old Simone Jones of Philadelphia—and more than 2 million other students in the U．S.—going to school in the summer is the only choice. That’s because Simone goes to a year-round school.
In fact, year-round schools have almost the same number of vacation days as traditional-calendar schools. In a year-round school, summer break is usually shortened to about four weeks; the remaining vacation time gets spread out over the rest of the year. Simone, for example, gets a few weeks off in the fall, winter, and spring.
That extra time off during the school year can be a good thing. “Everyone thinks a year-round school is hard，” says Simone. “But the little breaks take a lot of pressure(压力) off us.”
Reorganizing the year can prevent summer learning loss—that is，forgetting what you’ve learned from the prior(之前的) school year. However, there is a downside. In fact, some schools have tried year-round schedules only to turn back when it was difficult to carry out. Try setting up a soccer game with another school when you’re on a break every few weeks. Planning family trips can be difficult too, especially if siblings(兄弟姐妹) are on different school schedules.
What does summer vacation mean in our culture? It’s an American tradition, a time to create lasting memories. But is tradition a good enough reason to keep it around? Summer break began 120 years ago, when it was very hot in the summer, so schools started closing. Today, we have air conditioning. And most parents work. For many kids, summer days are spent mostly indoors, playing video games and watching TV. Clearly the world has changed. Is it time for summer break to change, too?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，全年制学校的出现一改传统意义上的暑假，让孩子们将休息和学习更加有效地结合起来了。
4．According to the text, Simone Jones ________．
A．suffers from summer heat
B．has become tired of going to school
C．studies at a year-round school
D．keeps forgetting what she’s learned at school
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的for 13-year-old Simone Jones...going to school in the summer is the only choice可知，Simone Jones在全年制学校读书，故选C项。
5．In what way are year-round schools different from traditional-calendar schools?
A．The number of vacation days.
B．How the holidays are organized.
C．What subjects students may choose.
D．When students go to school every day.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，不论是全年制学校还是传统的学校，一年当中放假的总天数是相当的，只是安排的形式各有不同，故选B项。
6．The underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 could best be replaced by“________”．
A．duty B．choice
C．danger D．problem
D 解析：词义猜测题。由该段中的两个事例可知，对于全年制学校来说也会出现一些问题，比如：同其他学校安排足球比赛时，时间难以协调；当全家人打算外出旅行时，家里的孩子们如果有的上的是全年制学校，有的上的是传统的学校，那么出游时间也很难安排。
7．In the author’s opinion, summer vacation ________．
A．was started in the early 19th century.
B．is a tradition for people to keep alive
C．doesn’t have to be that long any more
D．is a good time for kids to enjoy themselves
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的Today, we have air conditioning...Is it time for summer break to change, too？可知，作者认为暑假没有必要那么长了，故选C项。
七选五
Five Tips for Dealing with Your Boss!
Do you have the best boss in the world? Or the worst? Either way, you need to know how to deal with him/her if you want to be happy and successful at work. Here are our top tips.
Ask
There’s a saying in English：“If you don’t ask, the answer will always be no.” Do you want a raise or a holiday? 1.________ Yes, sometimes it’s scary(令人害怕的), but it’ll be easier if you plan what you’re going to say first.
2．________
Work can be stressful(有压力的). But always remember to keep your cool when dealing with your boss. If you stay calm, you’ll earn their respect(尊重). If you’re unhappy about something, wait until you’ve calmed down before speaking to him or her.
Get it in writing
If your boss promises you something (like a raise or a holiday), ask for it in writing. That way you’ll have a paper trail. 3.________
Understand your boss
Every boss has a different management style. Is yours a micro-manager or are they hands-off? Are they organised or disorganised? 4.________ Understand their style so you can decide how best to work with them.
Get along well with your boss
You see your boss a lot. Almost as much as you see your family! So try to stay on good terms with him or her. 5.________
A．Do what you say you’ll do
B．Learn to control your feelings
C．Are they a good or bad communicator?
D．You won’t get it if you don’t ask your boss.
E．You should tell your boss when you’ve made a mistake.
F．If they suddenly “forget” what they said, you may take it out.
G．If the relationship breaks down, your job will be even more stressful.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何和老板处好关系提出了一些建议。
1．D 解析：由该段小标题Ask和该空前的Do you want a raise or a holiday？可知，如果你想要涨工资或是休假的话就得敢问老板，故选D项。
2．B 解析：由该段中的keep your cool和stay calm可知，作者建议要学会控制自己的情绪，故选B项。
3．F 解析：由该空前的内容可知，如果老板向你承诺了什么的话，应该让他写下来。万一日后他“忘了”，你就可以拿出来，故选F项。
4．C 解析：由该空前的management style和那两个问题可知，这里是说不同类型的老板，故选C项。
5．G 解析：由该段小标题Get along well with your boss可知，如果你和老板之间的关系不好了，那么你的工作就不好干了，故选G项。
B卷
阅读理解
Theodore Roosevelt was one of America’s most physically fit Presidents.“While in the White House I always tried to get a couple of hours’ exercise in the afternoons—sometimes tennis, more often riding, or else a cross-country walk，”he wrote. The President believed “the strenuous(精力充沛的) life”， as he called it, helped him to be a better person and a better President.
The President’s love for the strenuous life began when he was a boy growing up in New York City in the 1860s. He was a sickly child and often ill.“Nobody seemed to think I would live，”Roosevelt recalled.
Encouraged by his father, Roosevelt began lifting weights when he was 12 years old. The next year, Roosevelt’s mother took him to a gym for boxing(拳击) lessons. He described himself as “a painfully slow and awkward pupil”. But even though he had little ability, Roosevelt always showed a lot of interest in sports. He worked hard at exercising his body.
Roosevelt stood 5 feet 8 inches tall and weighed 124 pounds as a freshman at Harvard College. A classmate described him as “a youth in the kindergarten stage of development”. Yet Roosevelt continued boxing, and in his junior year, he competed in Harvard’s annual boxing championship. He finished in second place.
Roosevelt entered politics after college. In 1901, 42-year-old Roosevelt became the youngest President ever. And just because he was a world leader, he saw no reason to give up strenuous or risky sports.
The President invited young military officers to the White House to box and wrestle(摔跤). In one boxing match, Roosevelt’s opponent(对手) hit him in the left eye, causing an injury that eventually blinded that eye. He kept the injury secret for many years.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了美国身体最健康的总统之一——Theodore Roosevelt。他从小体弱多病，父母鼓励他多进行锻炼。所以坚持进行身体锻炼成为他一生的习惯。
1．Roosevelt’s parents encouraged him to do exercise in order to ________．
A．change his bad habits
B．discover his athletic ability
C．strengthen his weak body
D．build his strong character
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第三段可知，Theodore Roosevelt的父母鼓励他进行运动来增强体质。
2．What Roosevelt’s college classmate described showed Roosevelt was very ________．
A．strong B．smart
C．lazy D．small
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第四段的A classmate described him as “a youth in the kindergarten stage of development”. 可知，同学对他的描述是，发育的像是幼儿园的小朋友，说明身材矮小。
3．After Roosevelt became the President of the U．S., ________．
A．he preferred doing exercise in the mornings
B．he had less time to keep fit at the White House
C．few people knew he lost the sight of his left eye
D．he taught many officers how to box and wrestle
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中最后一段的In one boxing match, Roosevelt’s opponent(对手) hit him in the left eye, causing an injury that eventually blinded that eye. He kept the injury secret for many years. 可知，他对这个伤害保守秘密，所以没有几个人知道。
完形填空
Willard Franklin came to my class half a year ago. But from his first day here, he __1__ himself in his own world and he never spoke to others. As his teacher, I tried to start a talk with him but __2__. It seemed as if he just didn’t want to break his __3__.
After the Thanksgiving holiday, we received the news of the __4__ Christmas collection of money for the __5__ in our school.“Christmas is a season of __6__，” I told my students.“Some students in our school might not have a __7__ holiday. By offering a little money, you will help __8__ some toys, food and clothing for these needy students. We will __9__ the collection tomorrow.”
The next morning, __10__ , I found out almost everyone had __11__ this matter except Willard Franklin. He came up to my desk with his head down.__12__， he dropped two coins into the small box.“I don’t need milk for lunch，”he said in a __13__ voice.
After school I couldn’t help sharing what had __14__ in the morning with our headmaster.“I may be wrong, but I __15__ Willard might be ready to become part of our class.”“I am __16__ to hear that，”he nodded.“And I just received a __17__ of the poor families in our school who most need help. Here, take a look at it.”
As I sat down to __18__， I found Willard Franklin was at the top of the list. At that moment, I felt I really __19__ Willard for the first time: a cold face with a warm heart. From this __20__， I also learnt that whether rich or poor, every child has a kind heart.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在当老师的时候遇到的一件与孩子有关的事情。这件事让作者认识到，无论贫穷还是富有，每个孩子都有一颗善良的心。
1．A.tied B．shut
C．seated D．taught
B 解析：从第一天起，他就把自己关在自己的世界里。tie系；shut关；seat坐；teach教。故选B项。
2．A.failed B．stopped
C．misunderstood D．left
A 解析：作为他的老师， “我”试图开始跟他交谈， 但失败了。故选A项。fail失败；stop停止；misunderstand误解；leave离开。
3．A.imagination B．pleasure
C．sadness D．silence
D 解析：由上文可知， 富兰克林把自己关在自己的世界里不和别人说话， 所以这里指打破沉默。故选D项。imagination想像力；pleasure荣幸；sadness伤感；silence安静， 沉默。
4．A.weekly B．daily
C．monthly D．yearly
D 解析：圣诞节当然是一年一次。故选D项。weekly每周的；daily每天的；monthly每月一次的；yearly每年一次的。
5．A.young B．sick
C．poor D．honest
C 解析：根据后文“By offering a little money, you will help...some toys, food and clothing for these needy students. ”可知， 通过提供一点儿钱， 你可以帮助那些需要帮助的学生得到玩具、食物和衣服。故选C项。
6．A.giving B．enjoying
C．receiving D．saving
A 解析：解析参考前一空。give给予；enjoy享受；receive收到；save节省。
7．A.true B．happy
C．usual D．long
B 解析：根据语境， 一般来说过节是很快乐的， 而下文说到要给那些需要帮助的学生钱来买一些玩具、食物和衣服， 这说明缺乏这些东西的孩子不会很快乐， 故选B项。
8．A.find B．make
C．buy D．collect
C 解析：通过捐钱去买一些玩具、食物和衣服。故选C项。
9．A.prepare B．finish
C．start D．continue
C 解析：“我们”明天将开始筹集活动。故选C项。prepare准备；finish 结束；start开始；continue继续。
10．A.so B．however
C．then D．moreover
B 解析：根据下文可知几乎所有的孩子除了富兰克林都忘记了这件事情。所以这里应该填表示转折的副词however, 故选B项。
11．A.forgotten B．discussed
C．learnt D．remembered
A 解析：结合语境可知， 此处是指孩子们忘记了这件事。故选A项。
12．A.Quickly B．Suddenly
C．Certainly D．Carefully
D 解析：根据全文可知， 富兰克林是一个内向的孩子， 不怎么和别人交流， 在别的同学都忘记了捐款的事情的时候， 只有他一个人记住了， 当他把钱放进小箱子里面的时候， 用“小心谨慎地”形容比较合适。故选D项。quickly 快速地；suddenly 突然地；certainly当然；carefully 小心谨慎地。
13．A.soft B．loud
C．low D．deep
C 解析：由前文得知富兰克林很内向， 所以他的声音应该是很小。in a low voice低声地。
14．A.appeared B．arrived
C．happened D．remained
C 解析：老师是在叙述早上发生的事情。故选C项。appear出现；arrive到达；happen发生；remain留下。
15．A.hope B．wish
C．wonder D．believe
D 解析：根据上文可知， 在所有的孩子都忘记捐钱的时候， 只有富兰克林一个人记住并且捐钱了， 所以这里指作者相信富兰克林做好了成为班级一员的准备， 故选D项。
16．A.glad B．sorry
C．shocked D．lucky
A 解析：校长听到这件事， 当然是高兴的， 故选A项。
17．A.message B．report
C．research D．list
D 解析：校长收到了一份需要资助的家庭的名单。故选D项。message 留言条；report报告；research研究；list名单。
18．A.rest B．read
C．work D．study
B 解析：根据前文可知， 拿到了校长的名单后， “我”于是坐下来看(读)名单。故选B项。
19．A.knew B．liked
C．met D．accepted
A 解析：通过那件事情“我”感到“我”是第一次真正地认识了Willard。故选A项。
20．A.result B．experience
C．talk D．success
B 解析：从这次经历“我”也认识到， 无论贫穷还是富有， 每个孩子都有一颗善良的心。故选B项。result结果；experience经历， 经验；talk谈话；success成功。
语法填空
Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing abilities. Compared with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 1.____________ (little) time. It can help us to develop the habit of 2.____________(think) in English. If we keep doing this, 3.____________ (gradual) we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we will certainly meet many difficulties. Firstly, it often happens that we have trouble 4.____________ (find) proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. 5.____________ (two), there are so many idioms(成语) in Chinese 6.____________ it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.
In my opinion, my 7.____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese－English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something 8.____________ (beat) us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then refer to our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher 9.____________ help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is of great use to keep 10.____________ diary in English for the development of our writing skills.
1．less 解析：考查形容词的用法。根据上文的shorter可知，此处也用比较级。句意：会更短，花更少的时间。
2．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动名词作宾语。
3．gradually 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词learn。 gradually adv.逐渐地。
4．finding 解析：考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦。
5．Secondly 解析：考查数词的用法。根据上文的Firstly 可知此处用Secondly。
6．that 解析：考查状语从句。此处是so...that...结构，句意：有那么多的成语所以对我们来说合适地翻译成英语很难。
7．suggestion 解析：考查词性转换。my后加名词。suggestion n．建议。
8．beats 解析：考查动词的时态。此处的主语是something, 故谓语为beats。
9．for 解析：考查介词的用法。句意：我们也可以向英语老师求助。for表示目的。
10．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，故用冠词a。
Section Ⅳ Lesson 4, Communication Workshop &
Culture Corner
1．cottage n． 村舍，小屋
2．damp adj. 潮湿的
3．garage n. 车库
4．apartment n. (美)公寓住宅
5．downtown adv. 在市区，往市区
adj. 市区的
6．rent n. 租金
7．basement n. 地下室
8．bathe vi. 洗澡；沐浴
9．fence n. 栅栏，围墙
10．garbage n. 垃圾，废物
11．mercy n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心→merciful adj.慈悲的
12．narrow adj.狭窄的→narrowly adv.勉强地
13．conclusion n．结论；结束→ conclude v．得出结论
1．hold__one’s__breath 屏住呼吸
2．share...with... 与……共用/分享……
3．even__so 即使这样，尽管如此
4．at__least 至少
5．dream__of 梦想
6．more__than 不仅；多于；超过
7．be__surrounded__with 被……包围
8．be__home__to 是……的家园
9．be__determined__to__do__sth. 决心做某事
10．with__one’s__help 在某人的帮助下
1．by the time 引导时间状语从句
By__the__time__we__got__to__Mango__Street(我们到达芒果街的时候)we were six—Mama，Papa，Carlos，Kiki，my sister Nenny and me.
2．out 位于句首的倒装句
Out__back__is__a__small__garage(后面是一个小车库) for the car we don’t own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.
3．过去分词作状语
Surrounded__by__fields，mountains__and__rivers(被田野、山脉、河流环绕着), the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.
Read the passage on P42 and choose the best answer.
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The convenience of the house the author’s family is living in now.
B．The inconvenience of the house the author’s family lived in before.
C．The dream of the author’s family for a better house.
D．The inconvenience of the house the author’s family has ever lived in and their dream for a better one.
2．Which is the right order of the author’s family moving house?
A．Mango Street→Loomis→Keeler→Paulina.
B．Paulina→Loomis→Keeler→Mango Street.
C．Paulina→Keeler→Loomis→Mango Street.
D．Mango Street→Keeler→Loomis→Paulina.
3．The house the author’s family is living in now has____________．
A．a front yard
B．big windows
C．four bedrooms
D．only one washroom
4．What do you suppose will most probably happen?
A．The author’s family will never move again some day.
B．The author’s family will move again some day.
C．The author’s family will become used to living on Mango Street.
D．The author’s family will move back to Paulina.
答案：1－4.DCDB
The House on Mango Street
We didn’t always① live on Mango Street.Before that we lived on Loomis on the third floor, and before that we lived on Keeler Street, Before Keeler Street it was Paulina Street, and before that I can’t remember. But what I remembered most② is moving a lot. Each time it seemed there’d be one more③ of us. By the time we got to Mango Street we were six—Mama, Papa, Carlos, Kiki, my sister Nenny and me.
The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don’t have to pay rent④ to anybody, or share the yard with⑤ the people downstairs, or be careful not to make⑥ too much⑦ noise, and worried about the landlord⑧ being angry⑨. But even so, it’s not the house we thought we’d get⑩.
We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick.There were worms? in the wooden walls.Then the water pipes? broke and the landlord wouldn’t fix them because the house was too old. He had no mercy? so we had to leave fast.We were using the washroom? next door and carrying water over.And everything in the flat was damp?. That’s why? Mama and Papa looked for a house, and that’s why we moved into the house on Mango Street, far away?， on the other side of town.
①not always并非总是，是部分否定。要构成完全否定，需使用none, no one, never, neither等。
②what引导主语从句，且在从句中作remembered 的宾语。
③“数词＋more＋名词”， 表示“另外的”。
④rent [rent] n．租金 v．租用；出租；rent...to...把……租给……； rent...from...从……租用
⑤share...with...与……分享……
⑥be careful not to do sth.小心不做某事
⑦too much 太多；much too 非常，太
⑧landlord ['l?ndl??d] n．房东
⑨the landlord being angry是动名词复合结构充当介词about的宾语。
⑩we thought we’d get 是house的定语从句。
?worm [w??m] n．虫，小虫
?pipe [pa?p] n．管子
?mercy ['m??si] n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心；merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的
?washroom ['w??r?m] n．盥洗室
?damp [d?mp] adj.潮湿的
?that’s why...那就是……的原因；why引导表语从句。
?far away远，遥远的(可作表语或者状语)；faraway adj.遥远的；久远的(作定语)
芒果街上的小屋
我们并不是一直住在芒果街。在此之前，我们曾在卢米斯一栋楼的三楼住过。再以前，我们住在基勒街上，在基勒街之前住在波林娜街。波林娜街之前住在哪儿，我就记不清了。但我印象最深的是搬了很多次家。每次搬家都觉得还会再搬。我们搬到芒果街时，家里有六口人——妈妈、爸爸、卡洛斯、基基、姐姐内妮和我。
芒果街的房子是我们自己的，我们不用给任何人交房租，不用和楼下的住户共用院子，不用小心翼翼地不大声喧哗，也不用担心房东会生气。但即使如此，这也不是我们真正想要的房子。
我们必须赶快离开在卢米斯的公寓。木制的墙里有虫子，而且那里的水管也坏了，房东不给修理，因为房子太旧了。他没有同情心，所以我们得赶快离开。我们那时用隔壁的卫生间，得提水过来，房子里的东西都是潮湿的。正因为如此，妈妈和爸爸才找房子。也正因为如此，我们才搬到芒果街上的房子，它远在市中心的另一端。
They always told us that one day we would move into a house，a real house that would be ours? so we wouldn’t have to move each year. And our house would have running water? and a bathtub? and pipes that worked. And inside it would have real stairs, like the houses on TV. And we’d have a basement and at least three washrooms so when we wanted to bathe we wouldn’t have to tell everybody. Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence. This was the house Papa talked about when he dreamed of being rich and this was the house Mama dreamed upB26 in the stories she told us before we went to bed.
But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all. It’s small and red with narrow steps in front and windows so small that you’d think they were holding their breath. There is no front yard, only four little trees the city planted on the side of the street. Out back is a small garage for the car we don’t own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side. There are stairs in the house，but they’re ordinary stairs, and the house has only one washroom. Everybody has to share a bedroom—Mama and Papa, Carlos and Kiki, me and Nenny.
Adapted from The House on Mango Street
By Sandra Cisneros
?划线部分是同位语，与逗号前面的a house指同一物，that 在此引导定语从句，修饰a real house。
?running water自来水(现在分词running)作定语。
?bathtub ['bɑ?θt?b] n．浴缸，澡盆
basement ['be?sm?nt] n．地下室
at (the) least 至少；at (the) most最多，至多
bathe [be?e] vi.洗澡；沐浴；bath n．洗澡；have a bath洗澡
fence [fens] n．栅栏，围墙
dream of 梦想，向往(后接名词、代词或动名词)
dream up 凭空想象
not...at all一点也不
narrow ['n?r??] adj.狭窄的；narrowly adv.狭隘地；勉强地
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
garage ['ɡ?rɑ??] n．车库
Out back is a small garage...on either side.是一个倒装结构，因为主语太长，而表语太短，所以用倒装结构来保持句子平衡。
adapted from...改编自……； adapt vt.适应；改编
adopt vt.收养；采用
他们总对我们说，有一天我们会搬进一栋房子里，一栋真正属于我们自己的房子。那样，我们就不必每年都搬家了。我们的房子里会有自来水和浴缸，水管很好用。房子里要有真正的楼梯，就像电视里的那种房子。并且我们还要有一个地下室以及至少三个卫生间，这样我们想洗澡时就不必告诉每个人了。我们的房子将是有绿树环抱的白房子，有个很大很大的院子，还有长势茂盛没有栅栏的草坪。这是爸爸梦想富有时所谈到的房子，也是妈妈在我们睡觉前讲的故事中所梦想的房子。
但是芒果街的房子完全不像他们描述的那样。房子很小，是红色的，前面是窄窄的台阶，窗户小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。这幢房子没有前院，只有种在路边的四棵小树。出门往后院走有一间小车库，但现在我们还没有车；还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中间显得更小。房子里有楼梯，但却是普通的楼梯，而且只有一个卫生间。每个人都得和别人同住一间房；妈妈和爸爸住一间，卡洛斯和基基住一间，我和内妮住一间。
改编自桑德拉·希斯内罗丝的《芒果街上的小屋》
rent n．租金 v．租用；出租
(教材P42)The house on Mango Street is ours，and we don’t have to pay rent to anybody，or share the yard with the people downstairs，or be careful not to make too much noise，and worried about the landlord being angry.
芒果街的房子是我们自己的，我们不用给任何人房租，不用和楼下的住户共用院子，不用小心翼翼地不大声喧哗，也不用担心房东会生气。
(1)for rent 出租，招租
the rent on... ……的租金
(2)rent...from... 向……租……，从……那儿
租……
rent...to... 把……出租给……
rent out 租出
①After she had paid her rent, she had no money left for food.
她付完房租后，就没有钱买吃的了。
②What’s the rent on this house now?
现在这个房子的租金是多少？
③I rent a room from her.
我向她租了一个房间。
④Many peasants rent their houses out to visitors during tourist seasons.
在旅游季节，很多农民把房子出租给观光者。
⑤All the rooms are__rented__out__to students.
所有的房间都出租给了学生。
mercy n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心
(教材P42)He had no mercy so we had to leave fast.
他没有同情心，所以我们得赶快离开。
(1)show mercy to sb.(＝show sb.mercy)
同情、怜悯某人
have mercy on sb. 怜悯某人
beg for mercy 乞求宽恕
without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地
at the mercy of 任……处置；任由……摆布
(2)It’s a mercy (that) ... 幸运的是……
①He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.
他跪下来，乞求宽恕。
②The judge showed no mercy to the drunk driver.
＝The judge had no mercy on the drunk driver.
法官对这个酒后驾车者毫不宽容。
③The little ship was at__the__mercy__of the storm.
小船任由暴风雨的摆布。
④It__was__a__mercy__that the whole family survived the earthquake.
这次地震中一家人全部存活了下来，真是幸运。
narrow adj.狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt.使变窄
(教材P42)It’s small and red with narrow steps in front and windows so small that you’d think they were holding their breath. 房子很小，是红色的，前面是窄窄的台阶，窗户小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。
(1)a narrow escape 九死一生
(2)narrowly adv. 狭隘地；差一点儿
narrowly-minded adj. 心胸狭窄的
①The sidewalk is so narrow that we have to walk one by one. 人行道太窄，我们只得挨个过去。
②Peter had a narrow escape from drowning when he fell overboard. 彼得从船上掉入水中，差点淹死。
③He narrowed(narrow) his eyes against the sun.
他对着太阳眯起了眼睛。
④Three teenagers narrowly(narrow) escaped death in the car crash.
三个青少年差点在车祸中丧生。
conclusion n. 结论；结束
(经典例句)I drew a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will, there is a way.
我从自己的经历中得出了一个结论： 有志者， 事竟成。
(1)draw/reach/arrive at/come to/lead to a conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion 最后
(2)conclude v. 结束；结论，推断出
to conclude 最后；总之
conclude sth. from sth. 从……中得出结论
conclude sth. with/by doing sth. 以……结束
①Her conclusion was that the situation would never improve.
她的结论是情况将永远不会好转。
②Hubble reached the conclusion(conclude) that the universe was expanding.
哈勃得出结论：宇宙在膨胀。
③In__conclusion,__I would like to thank everyone who helped me.
最后，我要感谢帮助过我的每个人。
④The expert concluded that rule from these facts.
这位专家从这些事实中得出这条规律。
⑤He concluded his speech with a famous saying: It’s never too late to start.
他以一句名言“只要去做永不为晚”结束了他的演讲。
Jack said he could conclude from Jane’s expression that Jane had stolen his money. But there was no evidence to support his conclusion. In conclusion，nobody was likely to believe Jane was a thief.
at least 至少；起码
(教材P42)And we’d have a basement and at least three washrooms so when we wanted to bathe we wouldn’t have to tell everybody.
并且我们还要有一个地下室以及至少三个卫生间，这样我们想洗澡时就不必告诉每个人了。
(1)not in the least 一点也不
last but not least 最后但并非不重要的
(一点)
(2)at (the) most 至多，顶多
①We require the student’s full details at least 4 weeks in advance.
我们要求学生至少提前四周提供详细细节。
②I’m not in the least satisfied with the result.
我对这结果一点也不满意。
③Last but not least, most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods .
最后但同等重要的是，如果你使用正确的方法，大部分的问题是容易的。
④He has finished half of the project at__most by now.
到现在为止，他顶多完成了规划的一半。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)即使她不想送礼物， 但最起码她本可以送一张贺卡。
Even if she didn’t want to send a present, she could__at__least__have__sent a card.
(2)我对他们谈论的东西一点也不感兴趣。
I’m not__in__the__least__interested__in what they are talking about.
(3)最后但同等重要的是，我心地善良、性格随和，因此容易相处。
Last__but__not__least,__I am warm－hearted and easy－going; as a result, I’m easy to get along with.
dream of 梦见；梦想；设想
(经典例句)When he was a boy，he dreamed of becoming a great musician.
他小时候就梦想成为一名伟大的音乐家。
dream of/about (doing) sth. 梦见/梦想/设想(做)某事
dream that-clause 梦想……
dream a/an...dream 做一个……的梦
①She dreams of running her own business.
她梦想自己开公司。
②She dreamed that one day she would be famous.
她梦想着有朝一日会成名。
③He dreamed__a__sweet__dream and couldn’t help laughing.
他做了一个美梦且情不自禁地笑了。
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
(教材P42)It’s small and red with narrow steps in front and windows so small that you’d think they were holding their breath. 房子很小，是红色的，前面是窄窄的台阶，窗户小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。
(1)out of breath 上气不接下气
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
(2)breathless adj. 喘不过气来的
(3)breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
①We held our breath to listen while Mr. Smith announced the results of the exam.
当史密斯先生宣读考试结果时，我们都屏息静听。
②When you feel nervous, it is good for you to take__a__deep__breath to get relaxed.
当你感到紧张时，深呼吸有助于你放松。
③When I hurried to school, I was almost out__of__breath/breathless．
当我赶到学校时几乎是上气不接下气。
④The doctor told me to breathe__in deeply and then breathe__out slowly.
医生叫我深吸一口气，然后再慢慢地呼出。
more than 多于；不仅仅；非常；超过
(教材P46)On the grounds，there are more than 900 halls and rooms.
在那片土地上，有900多个厅堂和房间。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中more than的含义
(1) The mother continued to care for the young panda for more than two years. 超过
(2)She will be more than happy to help you out.非常
(3)The man is more than a writer; he is also a teacher.不仅仅
(4)That is more than I can understand.超过
more than的相关用法：
“more than＋数词” “多于”
“more than＋名词” “不仅仅，不只”
“more than＋形容词” “很……”或“非常……”
“more than＋(that)从句” “超过……所能”(后用情态动词can)
more than one“不止一个”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
More than one student has failed the exam so far.
至今为止，不止一个学生考试不及格。
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
(教材P47)And we’re determined to make it our school’s best-ever wallboard with your help. 并且在你的帮助下，我们下定决心使它成为我们学校最好的壁报。
(1)determined adj. 坚定的，决意的
(2)determine vt. 决心，决定
determine to do sth. 决定/决心做某事
determine on/upon 决心……；决定……
(3)determination n. 决心，坚定
make a determination to do sth. 决心做某事
①Mary is determined to persuade her father to quit smoking. 玛丽决定说服父亲戒烟。
②The man told us about his decision, with a determined (determine) look on his face.
这个人告诉了我们他的决定，脸上是坚定的表情。
③She determined to__ignore(ignore) his faults and got along well with him.
她决定忽视他的缺点，和他好好相处。
④The young couple determined on a small island for their holiday. 这对年轻夫妇选了一个小岛来度假。
⑤He has got over his difficulties with courage and determination(determine)．
他以决心和勇气克服了困难。
determine是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be determined是一种延续状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
(教材P42)By the time we got to Mango Street we were six—Mama，Papa，Carlos，Kiki，my sister Nenny and me.
我们搬到芒果街时，家里有六口人——妈妈、爸爸、卡洛斯、基基、姐姐内妮和我。
句中by the time用作连词，引导时间状语从句， 意为“到……时候为止”。
(1)by the time＋从句(一般现在时), 主句一般用将来完成时；
(2)by the time＋从句(一般过去时), 主句一般用过去完成时。
①By the time I got home, my mother had already finished cooking supper.
我到家的时候，妈妈已经把晚饭做好了。
②By the time you get to the airport，the plane will__have__taken(take) off.
你到机场的时候，飞机将已起飞。
by the end of＋过去的时间，句子常用过去完成时；by the end of＋将来的时间，句子常用将来完成时。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)By the end of next month, the building will__have__been__completed(complete)．
(2)His new novel had__been__translated(translate) into English by the end of last month.
(教材P42)Out back is a small garage for the car we don’t own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.
出门往后院走有一间小车库，但现在我们还没有车，还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中间显得更小。
本句是一个倒装句，即Out back is a small garage...and a small yard...。句子的主语是a small garage...and a small yard，当地点状语放在句首时，所引导的句子应用完全倒装，即“地点状语＋谓语＋主语＋其他”。完全倒装的几种情形：
(1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首且谓语为be，lie，stand，come等不及物动词时(若主语是代词而不是名词，句子不倒装)。
(2)地点副词(here，there)、方向性副词(out，in，down)及时间副词(now，then)等位于句首且谓语为be，go，come等不及物动词时(若主语是代词而不是名词，句子不倒装)。
(3)一些表示祝愿的句子里主谓也常完全倒装。
(4)为强调表语或保持句子平衡，形容词短语/分词短语提至句首时，句子的主谓常完全倒装。
①In front of our classroom stands a tall tree.
在我们教室前面有一棵大树。
②Look! There__come(come) the children.
看！孩子们来了。
③Ten minutes later，away__she__went．
十分钟后，她走开了。
④Gone are(be) the days when she was young.
她年轻的日子一去不复返了。
(教材P46)Surrounded by fields，mountains and rivers，the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer. 被田野、山脉、河流环绕着的丽江古城在春天和夏天看起来像墨绿色的宝石。
Surrounded by fields，mountains and rivers在此作状语，它的逻辑主语是the Old Town of Lijiang，二者之间为被动关系。
(1)过去分词可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等状语。
(2)分词在句中作状语，其形式应根据句子的主语与分词间的关系来定：若分词与句子主语之间为主动关系，用现在分词；若为被动关系，用过去分词。
①Told that her mother was ill, Lucy hurried home.
被告知母亲病了，露西匆忙回到了家。
②The cup belonging to Damon fell down to the ground, broken(broke)．
戴蒙的茶杯掉到了地上，摔碎了。
③Explained(explain) a hundred times, he still couldn’t understand it.
即使给他解释一百遍，他还是不明白。
④Seen(see) from the top of the mountain，the city looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，这座城市更美。
品句填词
1．Can you take the ____________(垃圾) out when you go?
答案：garbage
2．I went ____________(闹市区) to do some shopping today.
答案：downtown
3．I have an ____________(公寓) in Manhattan.
答案：apartment
4．He has a house in London and a ____________(小屋)near the sea.
答案：cottage
5．It’s fun to ____________(洗澡) in the sea.
答案：bathe
6．My old books are all kept in the ____________(地下室)．
答案：basement
7．The door is too ____________(狭窄) for the big elephant to go through.
答案：narrow
8．It is easy to get sick if you live in a ____________(潮湿的) place.
答案：damp
9．The garden was surrounded by a wooden ____________(栅栏)．
答案：fence
10．I parked my car in my own ____________(车库)，but it was stolen last night.
答案：garage
单句改错
1．The boss was very rich, but he had no mercy to the poor.____________________
答案：to→on
2．The boy dreamed of have a chance to take part in the game.____________________
答案：have→having
3．The girl had a narrowly escape while she was on a trip.____________________
答案：narrowly→narrow
4．By the time she gets there, her mother have finished cooking.____________________
答案：have前加will
5．In the old days, the peasants were for the mercy of nature.____________________
答案：for→at
完成句子
1．在我们到达车站时，汽车早就开走了。
By the time we got to the bus station，the bus ____________．
答案：had left
2．在房间的中央放着聚会用的两张桌子和一些椅子。
______________________________ two desks and some chairs for the party.
答案：In the middle of the room stand
3．我在回家的路上淋了雨，所以感冒了。
____________________________， I had a bad cold.
答案：Caught in the rain on my way home
4．等他们到这里时，我们将已吃完饭。
________________________， we’ll have finished the dinner.
答案：By the time they get here
5．建立在事实基础上，这个报告是可信的。
________________________， the report should be reliable.
答案：Based on the facts
课文语篇改错
We didn’t always live on Mango Street.Our family used to moving a lot. Finally, we moved into the house on Mango Street.The house on Mango Street is ours，but we don’t have to pay rent and worry about the landlord angry. But it’s not the house we think we’d get. We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick because the water pipes broke.We had to use the washroom next door and carry water over.That’s why we moved into the house on Mango Street，far away，on the other side of the town.My parents always told us about that one day we would move into a house，the really good house that would be ours. This was the house Papa talked about where he dreamed of being rich. But the house on Mango Street is not that they described. It’s small and red for narrow steps in front.
答案：
We didn’t always live on Mango Street.Our family used to a lot. Finally, we moved into the house on Mango Street.The house on Mango Street is ours， we don’t have to pay rent and worry about the landlord angry. But it’s not the house we we’d get. We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick because the water pipes broke.We had to use the washroom next door and water over.That’s why we moved into the house on Mango Street，far away，on the other side of the town.My parents always told us that one day we would move into a house， really good house that would be ours. This was the house Papa talked about he dreamed of being rich. But the house on Mango Street is not they described. It’s small and red narrow steps in front.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．There are no apartments in this building ____________ rent.
答案：for
2．They asked her to be ____________(mercy) to the prisoners.
答案：merciful
3．The countryside was ____________(bath) in brilliant sunshine.
答案：bathed
4．They had all severally reached the same ____________(conclude)．
答案：conclusion
5．He upset his stomach by eating ____________ much rich food.
答案：too
6．We should brush our teeth ____________ least twice a day.
答案：at
7．I like to ____________(breath) the fresh air in suburban places.
答案：breathe
8．I’m ____________(determine) to attain my purpose at any cost.
答案：determined
9．By the time he got there，his friends ____________(move) on.
答案：had moved
10．There is a large country house ____________(surround) by a manor.
答案：surrounded
阅读理解
The idea behind Facebook is to make us feel connected all the time.But in my research，I’ve found that the truth is quite different.
Technology，it turns out，has made being alone seem like a problem that needs solving.When young people are alone，even for a minute or two，they feel the need to connect，to get on Facebook or some other social networks and chat.But in connecting，they often end up feeling more isolated．Why？Because by being in constant(不断的)connection，they lose the ability to feel satisfied with their own company(独处)．
Facebook can help us keep in touch with our friends, but we too often use it instead of spending face-to-face time with them.And since we feel the need to keep up with them online, we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone.
—Sherry Turkle，Professor
Facebook connects more of us to more of our friends and family in more places than we have ever been connected before.Yes，Facebook is a huge time sink—maybe the biggest ever.Many people post useless stuff.And seeing too much of your friends’ lives can make you jealous(嫉妒的), but it won’t make you lonely.
Jane，a former student of mine，who is back in New York after living abroad for ten years，told me that Facebook helps her a lot.The first time she moved back to New York from abroad, she felt disconnected from her family and friends.Now，because of lots of photos and information updates(更新)，she knows what is happening with her friends all the time.
In fact，if you are lonely in real life，you will be lonely online as well.
—Sree Sreenivasan，Chief Digital Officer
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独。
1．The underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 2 means“________”．
A．free B．selfish
C．careless D．lonely
D 解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段的made being alone seem like a problem...When young people are alone可知，isolated此处指“孤独的”，故选D项。
2．According to Sherry Turkle，we should________.
A．feel satisfied with our life
B．avoid using social networks
C．keep in touch with our friends
D．enjoy moments of loneliness
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone可知，Sherry Turkle认为我们应该学会享受孤独。
3．What’s Jane’s attitude towards Facebook?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.
C．Thankful. D．Regretful.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Jane描述她从Facebook里了解朋友们的生活以及Facebook helps her a lot可知，Jane对Facebook应该是充满感激之情。
4．The purpose of the text is to________.
A．educate B．discuss
C．persuade D．introduce
B 解析：写作意图题。从本文贯穿始终的alone和lonely以及两位人士对社交网络Facebook的不同观点可知，本文对社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独进行了探讨。
完形填空
One day I visited an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting. I was expecting a quiet __1__ of the splendid artwork.
A young __2__ viewing the paintings ahead of me __3__ non-stop between themselves. I watched them a moment and found the lady was doing all the talking. I admired the man’s __4__ for putting up with her __5__ stream of words. __6__ by their noise，I moved on.
I met them several times as I moved __7__ the various rooms of art. Each time I heard her continuous flow of words，I moved away __8__．
I was standing at the counter of the museum gift shop making a __9__ when the couple approached the __10__. Before they left，the man __11__ into his pocket and pulled out a white object. He __12__ it into a long stick and then __13__ his way into the coatroom to get his wife’s jacket.
“He’s a __14__ man，”the clerk at the counter said.“Most of us would give up if we were blinded at such a young age. During his recovery，he made a promise that his life wouldn’t change. So，as before，he and his wife come in __15__ there is a new art show.”“But what does he get out of the art？”I asked.“He can’t see.”“Can’t see! You’re __16__. He sees a lot. More than you and I do，”the clerk said.“His wife __17__ each painting so he can see it in his head.”
I learned something about patience, __18__ and love that day. I saw the patience of a young wife describing paintings to a person without __19__ and the courage of a husband who would not __20__ blindness to change his life. And I saw the love shared by the two people as I watched this couple walk away，their arms intertwined.
【解题导语】 作者在看画展，遇到一对夫妇，妻子一直喋喋不休地讲着，让作者很是反感，后来才知道真相，作者深受感动。
1．A.view B．touch
C．wander D．scenery
A 解析：根据后面的viewing可知此空填view，只不过此空的view是名词。句意：一天，在等丈夫开完一个商务会议时，我顺便参观了一个艺术博物馆。我渴望静静地欣赏艺术杰作。
2．A.lady B．man
C．couple D．clerk
C 解析：根据后面的the couple可知此题C项正确。
3．A.yelled B．argued
C．screamed D．chatted
D 解析：根据后一句中的doing all the talking可知此题D项正确。句意：我前面有一对年轻夫妇聊个不停。我仔细一看，只有妻子在滔滔不绝地讲。
4．A.attempt B．patience
C．wisdom D．independence
B 解析：根据空格后的putting up with her(容忍她)可知此空选“耐心”一词。同时，文章最后一段也提到了patience一词。
5．A.vivid B．constant
C．casual D．exciting
B 解析：根据下一段中的“heard her continuous flow of words”可知此处选continuous的近义词，即constant。句意：我佩服这个丈夫如此有耐心忍受她的喋喋不休。
6．A.Adopted B．Adapted
C．Conducted D．Disturbed
D 解析：句意：他们说话的噪音让人分心，我只好继续往前走。
7．A.towards B．to
C．through D．from
C 解析：由常识可知，“参观不同的艺术品陈列室”肯定要“穿过(through)”不同的房间。
8．A.anxiously B．slowly
C．quickly D．sensibly
C 解析：前面已经提到作者受不了她喋喋不休地说话，所以一碰到他们，作者就赶紧离开。
9．A.comment B．decision
C．purchase D．profit
C 解析：既然是到礼品店，当然是买礼品了。
10．A.entrance B．queue
C．front D．exit
D 解析：根据空格后的Before they left可知此处D项正确。句意：我站在博物馆礼品店柜台前买东西时，又看到了他们俩，他们正走向出口。
11．A.plugged B．reached
C．held D．bent
B 解析：根据其后的pulled out(掏出)可知此空是“伸进”，故reached正确。
12．A.lengthened B．made
C．brought D．broadened
A 解析：根据后面的into a long stick可知此处指“把它拉长，变成了一根长长的拐杖”。
13．A.led B．found
C．forced D．tapped
D 解析：由下一段信息可知“该男子是盲人”，所以他用拐杖敲打地面摸索着进入衣帽间。
14．A.brave B．rough
C．smart D．generous
A 解析：句意：“他是一个勇敢的人。”柜台的服务员说道， “如果我们这么年轻眼睛就瞎了，大多数人会自暴自弃……。”
15．A.wherever B．whatever
C．whenever D．whichever
C 解析：句意：他在康复期间，曾立下誓言，他的生活不会因此而发生改变。所以，像以往一样，每次有新的艺术展，他和妻子都会来。
16．A.wrong B．silly
C．equal D．unique
A 解析：根据后面柜台服务员讲的话可知作者判断错了。
17．A.describes B．draws
C．shows D．decorates
A 解析：原来她妻子喋喋不休是在为他描述每一幅作品，他在用头脑看。
18．A.kindness B．courage
C．enthusiasm D．pride
B 解析：根据后面的the courage of可知。
19．A.support B．expectation
C．sight D．confidence
C 解析：根据上文的blinded和后面的blindness可知。
20．A.allow B．hope
C．get D．cause
A 解析：根据前面的“he made a promise that his life wouldn’t change”可知。
B卷
阅读理解
A
This March is a busy month in Shanghai.There’s a lot to do.Here are the highlights.
Live Music—Late Night Jazz
Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player.He’s coming with his new 7－piece band, Herbie’s Heroes. Herbie is known to play well into the early hours, so don’t expect to get much sleep.This is Herbie’s third visit to Shanghai.The first two were sold out, so get your tickets quickly.
PLACE: The Jazz Club DATES: 15－23 March
PRICE: ￥80，120 TIME: 10：00 p．m.till late!
TEL: 6466－8736
Scottish dancing
Take your partners and get ready to dance till you drop. Scottish dancing is fun and easy to learn.Instructors will demonstrate the dances.The live band, Gordon Stroppie and the Weefrees, are also excellent.
PLACE: Jack Stein’s DATES: every Monday
PRICE: ￥60 including one drink
TIME: 7：00—0：00 p．m.
TEL: 6402-1877
Exhibitions—Shanghai Museum
There are 120，000 pieces on show here.You can see the whole of Chinese history under one roof.It’s always interesting to visit, but doubly(加倍地) so at the moment with the Egyptian Tombs exhibition.There are lots of mummies and more gold than you’ve ever seen before.Let us know if you see a mummy move!
PLACE: Shanghai Museum
PRICE: ￥30 (￥15 for students)
TEL: 6888－6888 DATES: daily
TIME: Monday－Friday 9：00 a．m.－5：00 p．m., Weekends 9：00 a．m.－9：00 p．m.
Dining－Sushi chef in town
Sushi(寿司) is getting really big in Shanghai.In Japan, it’s become an art form.The most famous Sushi “artist” is Yuki Kamura.She’s also one of the few female chefs in Japan.She’ll be at Sushi Scene all of this month.
PLACE: Sushi Scene in the Shanghai Hotel
DATES: all month
PRICE: ￥200 TIME: lunch time
TEL: 6690－3211
For a full listing of events, see our website.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了上海三月份的几个活动。
1．Suppose you are going to attend an activity at 8: 00 p．m.on Saturday, which one can you choose?
A．Live Music—Late Night Jazz.
B．Exhibitions—Shanghai Museum.
C．Scottish dancing.
D．Dining—Sushi chef in town.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三个活动的内容，PLACE: Shanghai Museum，PRICE: ￥30 (￥ 15 for students), TEL: 6888－6888 DATES: daily TIME: Monday－Friday 9：00 a．m.－5：00 p．m., Weekends 9：00 a．m.－9：00 p．m.，可知，如果你打算出席在星期六的活动，而且是在晚上8点，则只有上海博物馆的活动可以满足此要求，故答案为B。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisements?
A．Scottish dancing is so interesting and easy that it never tires you out.
B．The performance given by the American jazz band won’t last long at night.
C．Sushi is not popular in Shanghai as it is a kind of Japanese traditional food.
D．It is more interesting to visit Shanghai Museum for the exhibits from Egypt.
D 解析：细节理解题。A项的描述，根据常识内容可知，本句的描述是错误的；B根据第一个活动的TIME：10：00 p．m. till late可知，B项描述的内容是错误的；C根据文章内容Sushi(寿司) is getting really big in Shanghai. In Japan, it’ s become an art form. The most famous Sushi “artist” is Yuki Kamura. She’s also one of the few female chefs in Japan. She’ll be at Sushi Scene all of this month.可知C项错误；根据It’s always interesting to visit, but doubly(加倍地) so at the moment with the Egyptian Tombs exhibition.可知D项正确。
3．From the text we may learn that Kamura is ________．
A．an instructor B．a waitress
C．a cook D．an artist
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容The most famous Sushi “artist” is Yuki Kamura. She’s also one of the few female chefs in Japan. She’ll be at Sushi Scene all of this month.可判断，Kamura是一名厨师。故选C。
4．Where can we find the passage?
A．On a website. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a book. D．In a magazine.
A 解析：细节理解题。由最后一句For a full listing of events, see our website.可知，这篇文章可能在网上找到，故选A。
B
Eve was waiting in the corridor outside her class. She was feeling sick. She had two exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Lisa looked back at her, and then looked away quickly. Eve thought she looked guilty. She didn’t have a problem with physics. She didn’t have a problem with anything...Miss Perfect!
“Hi, Eve! So what’s wrong with you and Lisa？”asked Tina，“I thought you were friends.”“Yes, so did I，”said Eve.“But she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam too, but then she’s ignored(忽略) all my calls and texts.”
While in the exam, Eve found Lisa was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Eve couldn’t believe it! Is that how Lisa always got such good grades? She thought about telling the teacher, but she hesitated. The next exam was history. That was Eve’s favorite subject but she couldn’t concentrate. She didn’t know what to do about Lisa. Just then, Mr. Reed, their teacher, walked past.“Mr. Reed...”
Lisa was called to the teachers’ office and there waited Mr. Reed...
The history test was over. Eve was walking towards the school gate when she heard footsteps behind her. It was Lisa. Eve could see that she had been crying.“Listen，”said Lisa.“I’m really sorry I haven’t answered your calls, but my dad had a heart attack two weeks ago and he’s in hospital. He had a big heart operation today and I was very worried about him. So I was reading texts from my mum, but Mr. Reed caught me. He thought I was cheating. He believes me now, but I have to take the exam again. I’m sorry I didn’t tell you what was happening. Will you forgive me？”
【解题导语】 Eve的物理学得不好，想让好朋友Lisa帮她复习。可是Lisa的父亲生病住院，所以Lisa很担心，没有顾得上好朋友，导致了Eve对她的误解。在考试中Eve看到Lisa拿着手机，以为她作弊，所以向老师举报了她。Eve后来知道了事情的真相。
5．The reason for Eve’s feeling sick is most probably that ________．
A．she found Lisa was looking back at her
B．she had to take two exams within one day
C．she was worried about the physics exam
D．she had been waiting for too long a time
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一段的She was feeling sick. She had two exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. 可知，她感到不舒服是因为担心自己的物理考试。
6．Lisa didn’t help Eve review for the physics exam because ________．
A．she had to look after her sick father
B．she herself was quite bad at physics
C．she didn’t consider Eve as a true friend
D．she was selfish and hated to waste time
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段的I’m really sorry I haven’t answered your calls, but my dad had a heart attack two weeks ago and he’s in hospital. He had a big heart operation today and I was very worried about him. 可知，她必须照看生病的父亲。
7．At the end of the story Eve probably felt ________．
A．confident and optimistic
B．regretful and sorry
C．sad and angry
D．glad and inspired
B 解析：推理判断题。根据常理可知，Eve在得知了事情的真相后，可能会对好朋友的误解和举报好朋友的行为感到惭愧和后悔。故选B项。
8．What lesson can we learn from this passage?
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．A life without a friend is a life without sun.
C．Old friends and old wines are the best.
D．Friendship should be based on trust.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据本文中Eve对于好朋友的猜疑导致了误会这件事可知，友谊应该建立在信任的基础上。
语法填空
Thanks to the development of science and technology, millions of smart devices(装置) 1.____________(connect) to homes around the world so far. Among 2.____________ (they), there is one that I want to call “a bright 3.____________ (technology) invention”．
How many times have you come home 4.____________ (late) than expected? It’s dark outside and, of course, you didn’t leave the lights on. You feel your way in the dark to get the key in the door, and once you open it, you have to feel around the wall, 5.____________ (search) for the light switch.
Wouldn’t it be easier to hit an application on your phone while you’re still in your car and turn on all the lights?
6．____________ the help of Philips Hue LED lights and Philips Hue Bridge smart home device, you can turn on 7.____________ off dozens of light bulbs in and around your house from a long distance.
These lights are also dimmable(可调光的), 8.____________ makes it possible for you to have softer lighting at night. Besides, they can wake you up gently by turning on 9.____________ (slow) in the morning.
You can also connect your Philips Hue light bulbs to the voice-recognizing device on your phone. In this way, you’ll be able to simply say “Hey. Turn on the lights.” 10.____________ (turn) your lights on.
1．have been connected 解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态。smart devices与connect之间是被动关系，且由so far可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have been connected。
2．them 解析：考查代词。设空处作介词Among的宾语，指代millions of smart devices，故填them。
3．technological 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰invention，表示“科技的”，故填technological。
4．later 解析：考查形容词比较级。由than可知，此处表示比较，故填later。
5．searching 解析：考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。设空处作伴随状语，因you与search之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且search所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填searching。
6．With 解析：考查介词。with the help of...意为“在……的帮助下”。
7．or 解析：考查连词。on与off之间是选择关系，故填or。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．slowly 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰turning on，故填slowly。
10．to turn 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。说“嗨，开灯”这句话的目的是把灯打开，故填to turn。
短文改错
It is five years now since I graduate from No. 6 High School. Last Saturday, the class that I was on held a get－together, which took us a long time prepare. It was indeed not easy to get to touch with everybody and set a well time for all of us. We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together and the people they were familiar with. It was a pity which some of us were not present as they had gone to abroad for further study. But they called back or sent greeting card from different places.
答案：
It is five years now since I from No. 6 High School. Last Saturday, the class that I was held a get－together, which took us a long time prepare. It was indeed not easy to get touch with everybody and set a time for all of us. We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, the time we spent together and the people were familiar with. It was a pity some of us were not present as they had gone abroad for further study. But they called back or sent greeting from different places.
Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
介词和定语从句
1．It is reported that a new bridge is ____________ construction now.
答案：under
2．The people walked ____________ a street and entered a garden.
答案：through
3．The professor ____________ is talking to our teacher is from England.
答案：who/that
4．She is the only girl____________ I want to share my idea with at present.
答案： that
5．The woman often shows off her clothes, ______________makes us annoyed.
答案：which
一、介词
介词一般位于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系；介词不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语才能在句中充当某一成分。介词包括时间介词、地点(方位)介词以及其他介词。
His father usually stops working in winter.(in为时间介词)
他父亲通常冬天不工作。
I will wait for you at our school gate.(at为方位介词)
我会在我们学校门口等你。
The football match was put off because of the heavy fog.(because of为原因介词)
足球赛因为大雾而推迟。
1．时间介词：
at
表示某一具体的时刻，如at 3 o’clock等
表示一天中某段时间或特定的时候，如at night，at noon，at this time of year，at that time等
表示节日，为泛指，如at Christmas等
on
表示具体到某一天，如on May 1st等
表示在周几及特定的早、中、晚，如on Monday，on Sunday afternoon，on a Lcold night等
表示在节日(那天)，如on New Year’s Day等
in
表示一天中的早、中、晚，如in the morning，in the evening
较长的时间段，如月份、季节、年份、世纪等，如in the 20th century，in 1989，in summer，in May等
He usually goes to school at 7：20 in the morning.(at表示某一具体的时刻，而in则表示一天中的早、中、晚)
他通常早晨七点二十上学。
It is typical of the peasants to rest at this time of year.(at表示一年中某段时间或特定的时候)
农民们通常在一年的这个时候休息。
To be here at Christmas time is my dream that has come true！(at此处表示节日，为泛指)
圣诞期间到这儿来是我的梦想，它终于实现了！
The actor and singer Hu Ge was born on Sep.20th. (on表示具体到某一天)
演员兼歌手胡歌出生于9月20日。
The story happened on a cold winter night.(on表示特定的早、中、晚)
这个故事发生在一个寒冷的冬夜。
The whole family usually have a get-together on the Christmas Eve.(on表示在节日那天)
全家人通常在圣诞前夜聚在一起。
He is wondering what has happened to the children in the 21st century.(in表示较长的时间段)
他一直在疑惑21世纪的孩子怎么了。
在last，next，this，that，some，every，all或者tomorrow，yesterday，today等词之前一般不用介词。
We meet every day. 我们每天见面。
Where did you go last weekend？ 你上周末去了哪里？
Where are you going next week？ 你下周要去哪儿？
2．地点、方位介词：
at
表示在小地方(一个点)；或者“在……附近，旁边”
in
表示在大地方或者“在……范围之内”
on
表示在一个表面，或者强调毗邻，接壤
to
表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤
He is sitting at the desk. (at表示在……附近，旁边)
他坐在桌子旁。
Russia lies on the north of China. (on强调接壤)
俄罗斯位于中国北部。
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.(to不强调是否接壤)
福建在江苏省的南部。
Guangdong lies in the south of China.(in强调在范围之内)
广东位于中国南部。
3．几组表示时间的介词的区别：
(1)in，after
①“in＋时间段”表示将来的一段时间以后
My father will come back in three or four days.(in＋时间段表示将来) 我父亲三四天之后回来。
②“after＋时间段”表示过去的一段时间以后
He arrived in Shanghai after five days.(after＋时间段表示过去) 五天后他到了上海。
③“after＋将来时间点”可表示将来的某一时刻以后
She will be free after five o’clock this afternoon.(after＋时间点表示将来) 她今天下午五点后有空。
(2)for，during，through
①for表示“一段时间”，后接与数词连用的时间名词，多与完成时连用
He has worked as a clerk in a big company for three months.(for＋时间段与现在完成时连用)
他已经在一家大公司当职员三个月了。
②during表示“在……期间”
He visited many nice places during his stay here.
(during his stay here表示“在他待在这儿期间”)
在这儿逗留期间，他参观了许多美丽的地方。
表示“持续一段时间”时，for后面必须跟“数字＋时间名词”，而during后不可接数字。
③through表示“一直……，自始至终”
They worked hard through the winter.
(through the winter表示“整个冬天一直……”)
整个冬天他们都在努力工作。
(3)from，since
①from作“从……”讲，多用于“from...to/till...”中
You can come any time from Monday to Friday.
周一至周五你什么时间来都行。
You should keep on working from today till this day next week.(from...till表示“从……到……”)
你应该从今天一直工作到下周的这个时间。
②since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用
We have known each other since ten years ago.
(since表示自十年前我们就认识，并且一直延续到现在)
我们十年前就认识了。
(4)by，till/until
①by表示“不迟于……，到……为止，在……以前”
I must finish my homework by lunch.
午饭前我必须做完作业。
②till/until表示“直到……为止”，不与现在完成时连用
You must wait for him till tomorrow.
你必须一直等他到明天。
He didn’t come back until twelve o’clock last night.
他昨晚到12点才回来。
在肯定句中，till/until必须与延续性动词连用。若与瞬间动词连用，till/until只能用于否定句中。
4．几组表示地点、方位的介词的区别：
(1)above，over，on
①above指“在……上方”，不强调是否垂直，与below相对
The bird is flying above my head.
鸟在我头顶飞翔。
②over指“垂直的上方”，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触
They are building a bridge over the river.
他们正在河上建一座桥。
③on 表示“在某物体上面并与之接触”
He put the book on the desk and left for the playground.
他把书放在课桌上朝操场走去。
(2)under，below
①under表示“在……正下方”，强调垂直
He found his lost pen from under the table.
他从桌子底下找到了他丢失了的钢笔。
②below表示“在……下方”，不一定在正下方
Please write your name below the line.
请把你的名字写在线下面。
(3)表运动方向的介词：across，through，along与up
①across表示“横过”，即从物体表面通过，与on有关
They walked across the street and into a supermarket.
他们穿过街道进入一家超市。
②through表示“穿过”，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关
They walked through the forest.
他们穿过森林。
③along表示“沿着一条线平行”
Newman walked along the street alone.
纽曼独自走在街上。
④up表示“向上，由南向北，由东到西，由沿海到内陆，由小地方到大地方，由农村到城市”；反之则用down
They were climbing up a narrow mountain road.
他们正沿一条狭窄的山路向上爬。
(4)表示“朝……，向……”的介词：to，towards与for
①to表示“动作的目的地”
They went to an exhibition to buy a painting.
他们去展览会买画。
②towards指“朝向”，无到达的意思
When he looked towards me，I smiled and waved.
他朝我看过来的时候，我微笑着挥了挥手。
③for表示“前往的目的”，连用的动词(短语)有leave，start，off，set out，head，sail等
They headed for school after breakfast.
早饭过后他们朝学校走去。
(5)表示“在……之间”的介词：between，among
①between指“在两个人或两个事物之间”
②among指“在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间”
There is a football match between Class 1 and Class 2.
一班和二班之间有场足球赛。
The teacher is standing among the students.
老师正站在学生中间。
二、定语从句
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词起形容词作用的从句称为定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句须放在先行词之后。用来引导定语从句的词称为关系词。定语从句一般由关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose；关系副词when，where，why；“介词＋关系代词”等引导。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当某一成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词一致。关系代词的常见用法如下：
1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
He has two sisters who are working in the city.(作主语)他有两个妹妹在这个城市里工作。
The girl (who) I spoke to is a student.(作宾语)
与我说话的那个女孩是一名学生。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，一般可以省略。
This is the girl (whom) I worked with.
这就是同我一起工作过的女孩。
3．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
China is a country which has a long history.(作主语)
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
Mr.Black found the wallet (which) he had lost.(作宾语)
布莱克先生找到了他丢失的钱包。
4．that既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The woman that spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.(作主语)
在商店里和我说话的那个女人是我姨妈。
Who is the man (that) you were talking to？(作宾语)
刚才和你在谈话的那个男人是谁？
The magazine (that) he bought last week is gone.(作宾语)
他上周买的那本杂志不见了。
关系代词在定语从句中的成分表
种类
先行词
指物
指人
在从句中成分
是否省略
关系
代词
that
√
√
主语
×
宾语
√
which
√
×
主语
×
宾语
√
who
×
√
主语
×
宾语
√
whom
×
√
宾语
√
whose
√
√
定语
×
(1)that和which在指物时常可以互换，但在下列情况下用that。
①先行词是all，little，few，much，none，anything，nothing，everything等不定代词。
I have said all that I wanted to say.
我想说的都说了。
②先行词被形容词最高级、序数词以及the very，the few，the only等修饰。
This is the first film that I have seen since I came here.
这是我到这儿以来看的第一部电影。
③先行词被all，little，much，some，any，no，every等修饰。
There is little work that you can do.
几乎没有你能做的工作。
④先行词既有人又有物。
They talked about the men and the things that they had seen. 他们谈论所见的人和事。
⑤主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句。
Which is the hotel that he stayed at last night?
他昨晚住的是哪一家旅馆？
(2)用which不用that的几种情况：
①关系代词前有介词时，用which不用that。
This is the house in which he once lived.
这就是他曾经住过的房子。
②在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that。
He changed his mind，which made me very angry.
他改变了主意，这使我很生气。
③一个先行词有两个并列定语从句时，为了避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which，且that和which在定语从句中作宾语时，第一个that可省略，而第二个一般不省略。
The car (that) I bought for my son and which he sold two years later is on the market. 我为我儿子买的而两年后他又卖掉了的那辆车现在又待售了。
5．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。
I know a boy whose father is an engineer.
我认识一个男孩，他的父亲是位工程师。
He saw a house whose windows were all broken.
他看到一所房子，窗子全都破了。
单句语法填空
1．I think he will come back ____________ four days.
答案：in
2．The woman came back from Beijing ____________ three days.
答案：after
3．The ship is going ____________ the bridge.
答案：under
4．The boys are swimming ____________ the river.
答案：across
5．He pushed his way ____________ the crowd of people to get to his friend.
答案：through
6．Do you know the man ____________ is chatting with her?
答案：who/that
7．Achemist’s shop is a shop ____________ sells medicine.
答案：which/that
8．We study in an old classroom，____________ desks are almost all broken.
答案：whose
9．This is the present ____________ I have been looking forward to.
答案：which/that
10．He has two daughters，both of ____________ are doctors.
答案：whom
单句改错
1．All of us had a good time in the park on last Sunday.____________________
答案：去掉on
2．Anyone from the houses through the road could see him.____________________
答案：through→across
3．He told me something which upset him then.____________________
答案：which→that
4．Do you know the person who son is studying in England？____________________
答案：who→whose
5．He broke my cup, that made me very angry.____________________
答案：that→which
语法与写作
1．他在穿过大桥时，掉进了河里。
He fell into the river while he __________________________．
答案：was walking across the bridge
2．警察说，他们要尽快开始调查这个案件。
The police said that they would ______________________．
答案：begin to look into the case
3．正在与我姐姐握手的女孩是一个著名演员。
The girl __________________________________ is a famous actress.
答案：who is shaking hands with my sister
4．两个儿子都在国外读书的这个人非常慷慨和乐于助人。
The man __________________________________ is very generous and helpful.
答案：whose two sons are studying abroad
5．我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。
I will never forget the days __________________________________．
答案：which/that we spent together
如何描写你梦中的房子
文体感知
描写一个建筑物例如理想中的房子，属于说明文的范畴。因此要注意突出被说明的事物的特点，一般要用一般现在时，要注意方位的表示方法，要按照一定的顺序进行描述，选择合适的介词短语介绍方位，选择合适的状语从句表示地点、目的、结果等。具体内容如下：
第一部分：房子的位置、历史等；
第二部分：房子的结构如卧室、客厅、阳台、厨房和窗子等的位置；
第三部分：屋内的陈设如家具的样式、材料和位置等。
常用句式
1．It is located/situated/lies in...
2．It dates from/back to...
3．There are rooms...
4．On the first floor is...
写作要求
请以My Dream House为题，根据以下要点写一篇100词左右的文章。
1．位于绿树之间的一座两层楼的大房子；
2．一楼中间是个大客厅，有舒适的沙发和电视；
3．最主要的房间是楼上的卧室，有很多家具，如书架等；
4．屋顶有太阳能帆板，供应洗澡和照明；
5．房子也采用了一些特殊材料。冬暖夏凉。
6．喜欢住在这样的房子里，因为设计既节能又环保。
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
说明文
话题
理想的房子
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称为主
词句推敲
1．词汇
①位于…… be__located/be__situated/lie/stand__in...
②两层楼的大房子 a__large__two-storey__house
③最重要的部分 the__most__important__part
④供应 supply...with.../provide...with...
⑤既节能又环保 both__energy-saving__and__environment-friendly
2．句式
①我梦想的房子是两层楼的大房子。我梦想的房子位于绿树之间。
一般表达：My dream house is quite a large two-storey house.My dream house is located among green tall trees.
高级表达：(用过去分词作定语合并句子)
My__dream__house__is__quite__a__large__two-storey__house__located__among__green__tall__trees.
②房子最重要的部分是楼上的卧室。在楼上的卧室有许多家具。
一般表达：The most important part in the house is the bedrooms upstairs.In the bedrooms upstairs there is a lot of furniture.
高级表达：(用定语从句改写句子)
The__most__important__part__in__the__house__is__the__bedrooms__upstairs__where__there__is__a__lot__of__furniture.
③房子也采用了一些特殊材料。冬暖夏凉。
一般表达：The house also has got special materials.It is cool in summer and warm in winter.
高级表达：(用so that改写句子)
The__house__also__has__got__special__materials__so__that__it__is__cool__in__summer__and__warm__in__winter.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
My dream house is quite a large two-storey house located among green tall trees with a large garden in front of it. The house is specially designed to be both energy-saving and environment-friendly.
On the ground floor is a big hall with comfortable sofa and color TV. The most important part in the house is the bedrooms upstairs where there is a lot of furniture.
On the roof there are solar panels，which can provide electricity to let me bathe and study with. The house also has got special materials so that it is cool in summer and warm in winter.
I would like to live in it.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The building ____________ wall is white is our library.
答案：whose
2．I know the girl ____________ you are looking for.
答案：that/who/whom
3．I have done everything ____________ I can do for you.
答案：that
4．This is the very book ____________ you bought yesterday.
答案：that
5．The season ____________ comes after winter is spring.
答案：which/that
6．The boy with ____________ John spoke is my brother.
答案：whom
7．He got there ____________ the morning of 18, February.
答案：on
8．What is his attitude ____________ the exciting news?
答案：towards
9．They held a large umbrella ____________ her.
答案：over
10．Go straight ____________ that door ____________ the EXIT sign.
答案：through；under
阅读理解
A
An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement，these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in debris, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. Use a whistle(哨子)if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了在地震来临时，如何做才能把损害降到最低。
1．The purpose of the passage is to tell readers________．
A．the damage caused by earthquakes
B．the rescue work after earthquakes
C．how to prevent earthquakes
D．what to do about earthquakes
D 解析：写作意图题。本文在第一段点出主题：An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.下文进行了具体介绍。故选D项。
2．The underlined word“Fragile”in Paragraph 2 probably means “________．”
A．Easily found B．Easily broken
C．Expensive D．Heavy
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文的like those made of glass are easily broken可知，此处单词的意思是：易碎的。故选B项。
3．During the earthquake，people are advised to ______________．
A．go out of the building at once
B．drive to a safe place quickly
C．take shelter under a tree
D．turn off electricity and gas immediately
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.可知，在地震期间，要确保关掉电源和液化气。故选D项。
B
I had a lot of teachers that I loved. However, the teacher that I remember most was Mrs. Green from Marianna, Florida. She was my 5th grade teacher. Since I was a new student, not only in her class, but at the school, she made my time there much more pleasant. I immediately began to like her. She was really funny and I knew that she liked me. She made learning fun. I remember one day for Christmas holidays, she taught us how to make ornaments(装饰物) from eggs. My parents still have some of the ornaments I made.
She made me leader for many group projects and that made me feel special. I think that would make any child feel special, especially when a child is in a new place with no friends. She made me want to be like that. Not to pick a“favorite” student, but to make every student feel that they are special. That year, I received the Presidential Academic Award(美国总统学术奖). I was really proud and so were my parents.
Looking back at it, I think the reason why I did so well was that I felt important. Students do better when they feel like they are important or loved. Mrs. Green always gets to know her students and forms personal relationships with them, which I will try to do some day. I just hope that there will be students who find me to be their favorite teacher as I found her to be mine.
【解题导语】 在本文中，作者回忆了自己最喜爱的老师——格林老师。讲述了格林老师对自己的帮助和爱，表达了对格林老师的感激之情。
4．The author’s life in the new school was very ________．
A．happy B．common
C．hard D．boring
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的she made my time there much more pleasant可知，作者五年级转学，在格林老师的帮助下，她在陌生的学校环境中过得很开心。
5．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．The author was once received by the President.
B．The author was Mrs. Green’s favorite student.
C．The author was the pride of her parents.
D．The author always felt lonely in Mrs. Green’s class.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，因为作者的优秀表现，她曾获得美国总统学术奖，为此她和她的父母都感到十分自豪，故她是父母的骄傲。
6．What will the author probably do in the future?
A．Become a leader.
B．Become an artist.
C．Become a teacher.
D．Become the President.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“which I will try to do some day. I just hope that there will be students who find me to be their favorite teacher”可知，作者梦想成为像格林老师一样受学生喜爱的老师。
7．How does the author feel about Mrs. Green’s help?
A．Sorry. B．Thankful.
C．Afraid. D．Hopeful.
B 解析：推理判断题。从第一段的“she made my time there much more pleasant”，第二段的“She...made me feel special”以及最后一段的“I felt important”等可知，格林老师给了作者莫大的帮助，让她感觉到自己的特别之处以及重要性，由此可推测出她对格林老师充满了感激之情。
语法填空
Have you ever heard the old saying，“Never judge a book by its cover”？ This is 1.____________ good rule to follow when trying to judge the intelligence of others. Some people have minds 2.____________ shine only in certain situations. A young people with an 3.____________ (usual) gift for writing may find himself speechless in the presence of a pretty girl when he speaks. He may not be able to find the right words. But don’t make mistake of thinking him stupid. With a pen and a piece of paper, he can express 4.____________ (he) better than anybody.
Other people may fool you into overestimating their intelligence by 5.____________ (put) up a good front. A student listening attentively and taking 6.____________ (note)in class is sure to make a favorable impression 7.____________ his teachers. But he may score near the bottom of the class when it 8.____________ (come) to exams.
The only way 9.____________ (determine) a person’s intelligence is to get to know him. The 10.____________ (much) situation you see, the better your judgment is likely to be. So take your time. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
1．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，“一个好的规定”。
2．which/that 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰minds，且在从句中作主语，故用that/which引导。
3．unusual 解析：考查形容词用法。此处意为：有着不寻常写作才能的年轻人或许……。unusual adj.不寻常的。
4．himself 解析：考查代词的用法。express oneself 表达自己的想法。
5．putting 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词作宾语。
6．notes 解析：考查名词的用法。note此处用作可数名词。故此处用复数形式。
7．on 解析：考查介词的用法。make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象。
8．comes 解析：考查动词的时态。此处when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时。
9．to determine 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语。
10．more 解析：考查形容词的用法。此处是“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”结构。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Have you ever done something foolish that made you feel so embarrassed(尴尬的)?
Well，that’s exactly how I felt.On a Saturday morning last autumn，I had gone to town to do some shopping and as I was on my way home，it suddenly began to rain.I at once ran into a nearby phone box because I didn’t have an umbrella.It was raining so heavily that I had to stay in the phone box until it stopped.
A few moments later，I saw a young man walk up to the phone box，wearing a yellow raincoat and holding a box.I didn’t want to go out into the rain，so I picked up the phone and pretended(假装) I was talking to someone.I thought the man would go away，but he didn’t.He just waited in the rain，watching me.I had to wave my hands about and acted as if I was deep in conversation.
Luckily，it began to stop after about ten minutes.“Okay，Mum，”I said loudly into the phone，“I’ll see you later.Bye！”I put the phone down，picked up my shopping bag and walked out of the phone box.“I’m sorry I took so long，”I said to the man.
“Oh，I don’t want to use the phone，”he replied，smiling.“I’ve just come to repair it.It’s out of order.You see.”I felt myself go red in the face and I hurried away with my head down，feeling a complete fool.That was certainly one of the most embarrassing moments of my life!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。我去城里购物，正当我在回家的路上时，突然下起了雨，我躲在电话亭里避雨。一个年轻人走来，我不想出去，就假装打电话，让他在外面等。过了十分钟，雨停了。当那个年轻人说他不用电话，只是来修电话时，我感觉自己的脸红了，匆忙低头逃跑，感觉太愚蠢了。
1．Why did the writer go to the phone box and stay there?
A．Because she wanted to keep warm.
B．Because she wanted to wait for her friend there.
C．Because she wanted to phone her mother.
D．Because it rained heavily and she had no umbrella with her.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的．..it suddenly began to rain.I at once ran into a nearby phone box because I didn’t have an umbrella.可知因为下大雨作者没带伞所以进入电话亭避雨。故选D。
2．What did the writer think the young man wanted to do?
A．To repair the phone.
B．To use the phone.
C．To shake hands with her.
D．To stay in the phone box.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段结尾作者向年轻人抱歉以及第五段年轻人说的话“Oh，I don’t want to use the phone”可知作者认为年轻人想使用电话。故选B。
3．How long did the young man wait for?
A．About five minutes.
B．About fifteen minutes.
C．About ten minutes.
D．About thirty minutes.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Luckily，it began to stop after about ten minutes.可知，十分钟后雨开始停了，可以推断那个年轻人等了大约十分钟，故选C。
4．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The story happened on a cold Saturday morning last summer.
B．The writer was telephoning her mother when it rained.
C．It suddenly rained when the writer was on her way home after shopping.
D．The writer thought the rain would last long.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句I had gone to town to do some shopping and as I was on my way home，it suddenly began to rain.我去城里购物，正当我在回家的路上时，突然下起了雨，可知选项C正确，其他三项都与文章细节不符。故选C。
B
There is a World Championship which is held each year for children who play golf. Do you know about it? You may not. Sky Sudberry knows about it because she has participated(参加) in it several times along with thousands of other kids from around the world. Sky is a 5th grader at The Woodlands Preparatory School near Houston，Texas. She is also one of the best golfers for her age in the world.
Her greatness comes from a few places. First, she really loves golf. She loves the sport. She also works very hard and practices every day in order to do well in the sport. As a great golf player, Gary Player said, “The harder you work, the luckier you get.” Sky is a great example of this.
Most inspiring(激励人的) to us is not just her hard work or skill, but her positive attitude. Gary Player also said, “We create success or failure on the golf course(高尔夫球场) by our thoughts.” The same is true for life. For a young person, Sky really seems to have a great attitude on the golf course, whether she is winning or losing. And even more importantly her attitude off the golf course, in everyday life, seems to be just as positive.
Sky, along with several other very inspiring young people, can be seen in a movie, The Short Game. It tells the story of 8 children who tried to win the World Championship. Although the movie is about golf, there are plenty of great life lessons for kids to learn. We highly recommend you watch it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了高尔夫小能手Sky Sudberry为什么优秀。
5．Why does Sky Sudberry know the World Championship?
A．It is held in Houston.
B．It is held each year for children.
C．She was taught about it at school.
D．She has taken part in it a few times.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Sky Sudberry knows about it because she has participated(参加) in it several times...可知，Sky Sudberry知道这个是因为她参加过这个比赛很多次了。
6．Gary Player’s words in Paragraph 2 show the importance of ________．
A．good luck B．love for golf
C．hard work D．a good example
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Gary Player在第二段说的The harder you work, the luckier you get.可知，他强调了努力的重要性。
7．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________．
A．Sky plays golf better than Gary Player
B．Gary Player doesn’t care about failure
C．Sky has a great attitude toward her life
D．Gary Player asks Sky to stay positive in life
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的And even more importantly her attitude off the golf course, in everyday life, seems to be just as positive.可知，生活中她也依旧保持积极的心态。
8．What does the author want to do in the last paragraph?
A．Encourage us to watch a movie.
B．Tell about some great life lessons.
C．Tell about eight great young children.
D．Encourage us to win the World Championship.
A 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段的Although the movie is about golf, there are plenty of great life lessons for kids to learn. We highly recommend you watch it.可知，作者在最后一段是鼓励我们去看这部电影。
短文改错
It’s Lucy’s birthday today. In the morning, her father said he will be back by 6 p．m. However, he didn’t show off at 6 p．m. Lucy and her mother waited at home. After about ten minute, when she still didn’t see her father, Lucy asked her mother to give him to a call. But her mother said，“Dear, your father is policeman. He might be doing something importantly now. Let’s just wait.” So they still waited. About an hour later, the father final called. He said that he saw an old man lie on the ground on his way back, but he took him to the hospital. He said he was sorry for being late. But Lucy just said，“It’s OK, Dad. You did them right.”
答案：
It’s Lucy’s birthday today. In the morning, her father said he be back by 6 p．m. However, he didn’t show at 6 p．m. Lucy and her mother waited at home. After about ten ， when she still didn’t see her father, Lucy asked her mother to give him a call. But her mother said，“Dear, your father is policeman. He might be doing something now. Let’s just wait.” So they still waited. About an hour later, the father called. He said that he saw an old man on the ground on his way back, he took him to the hospital. He said he was sorry for being late. But Lucy just said，“It’s OK, Dad. You did right.”
书面表达
请根据下表提供的信息写一篇文章向外宾介绍国家体育馆“鸟巢”。词数：100左右。
地点
北京北部
建筑面积
25.8万平方米，可容纳9万多名观众
开/竣工时间
2003年12月－2008年
外观
犹如树枝搭成的鸟巢
用途
奥运会期间举办过田径、足球比赛
奥运会后还用于举办各种大型活动
专家评价
奥运史上一个难以置信的标志性建筑
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One possible version：
The Bird’s Nest，the National Stadium，is located in the north of Beijing，with an area of 258，000 square meters，holding more than 90，000 audience.Started in December，2003 and completed in 2008，it was used for track and field events and football matches during the Beijing Olympic Games，while after that it was also used to hold all kinds of grand activities.Seen from the outside，it resembles a real bird nest made of branches，which explains how its name came from.It is no wonder regarded by experts as an incredible symbolism in Olympic history.
straight adj. 直的
adv. 直，直接
(1)be straight with sb. 对某人坦诚
get sth. straight 弄清楚某事
(2)come straight to... 开门见山
tell sb. straight out 坦率告诉某人
pain n. 痛，疼；痛苦；
努力；辛苦
spare no pains (to do sth.) 不遗余力；全力
以赴
take pains (to do sth.) 尽力；费事；
下功夫
with great pains 煞费苦心地
shade n. 阴凉处；阴影；
(色彩的)浓淡
v. 遮住；(色调)逐渐
变化
(1)put sb./sth. in the shade 使某人/物相形见
绌；使黯然无光
in the shade 在阴凉处
under the shade of a tree 在树荫下
(2)shade...from... 使……免受……的
照射
imagination n. 想像；想像力
(1)beyond one’s imagination 某人想像不到的
(2)imagine sb./sth. doing sth.
想像某人/某物做某事
(3)imaginative adj. 具有想像力的
imaginable adj. 可想像的；想像得
到的
imaginary adj. 虚构的；幻想的
valuable adj. 贵重的，有价值的
(1)be of great/little/some/no value to sb.
对某人有很大/没什么/
有一些/毫无价值
(2)valueless adj. 无价值的
ruin n. 废墟，遗址；毁坏，毁灭
vt. 毁坏，毁灭
in ruins 成为废墟；严重受损；
破败不堪
fall into ruin 破败；坍塌
bring...to ruin 使……毁灭
purpose n. 目的；意图
(1)on purpose 故意地
with/for the purpose of 出于……的目的；
为了……
(2)purposely adv. 故意地
(3)purposeful adj. 有目的的，有意义的
date__back__to(＝date__from) 追溯到……
out of date 过时的
up to date 最时兴的
make a date with sb. 同某人约会
set a date 订一个日期
fix__one’s__eyes__on 注视；凝视
fix sth.on/upon sb./sth. 集中……于某人/某
事物
fix on 确定；决定；选定
fix up 修理，整理；安顿，
安排
with one’s eyes fixed on 注意力集中于……
put__up 公布； 提供膳宿
put aside 忽视；储存……备用
put away 收起；储蓄
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put forward 提出；拨快(时钟指针)
put out 扑灭；出版
put off 推迟
put through 完成；接通电话
put on 穿上，穿戴；举办
try__out 试验，试用
try for 争取，谋求
try on 试穿
try out for 参加……的选拔
hold__one’s__breath 屏住呼吸
take a breath 吸一口气
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 上气不接下气
under one’s breath 小声地，轻声地(说)
1．leave＋宾语＋宾补
Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.
【仿写】 这个男人离开了家，留下两个孩子自己生活。
The man left his home, leaving__his__two__children__living by themselves.
2．现在分词作伴随状语
“A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman’s paper-cutting skills before marrying her！”explained Mr Chen，laughing at the look of surprise on my face.
【仿写】 这些男孩站在那里， 争论着。
These boys were standing there, arguing__with__each__other．
3．whose＋名词，引导定语从句
A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children，for example.
【仿写】 这位老人的房子非常大且明亮，他经常打扫。
The old man whose__house__is__big__and__bright often cleans his house.
4. by the time引导时间状语从句
By the time we got to Mango Street we were six—Mama，Papa，Carlos，Kiki，my sister Nenny and me.
【仿写】 明天我们吃早饭时，爷爷将已经到达我们家了。
By the time we have breakfast tomorrow, grandpa will__have__reached__our__house．
5．过去分词作状语
Surrounded by fields, mountains and rivers ，the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.
【仿写】 这位老师在路上走着，后面跟着一群学生。
The teacher was walking in the street, followed__by__a__group__of__students．
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．这个年轻人一直梦想着去探险。(dream of)
2．他一贯喜欢尝试新想法。(typical; try out)
3．后来，在父亲的支持下，他的探险开始了。(过去分词作状语)
4．他在海上时，经历过九死一生，命运被风暴控制着。(a narrow escape; mercy)
5．他下决心让自己冷静，尽量克服困难。(现在分词作伴随状语；determine)
6．最后，他平安归来，从这次探险中获得了有价值的经验。(valuable)
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One possible version：
This young man had been dreaming of having an adventure. It was typical of him to try out some new ideas. Later, supported by his father, his adventure began. He had a narrow escape and was at the mercy of storm while at sea. He determined to keep calm, trying to get over the difficulties. At last, he returned, safe and sound, getting much valuable experience from this adventure.
