野生动物是非常可爱的。而在非洲骑在马背上近距离观赏各种野生动物既让人感到紧张，也让人感到非常兴奋！
There are many places to go on safari(观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys．
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta． The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers． They have a reputation(名声) for providing a great riding experience．
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active． It is unlike any other riding experience． With rainbows forming in the splashing(飞溅) water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing(弹跳) off your body and face, it is truly
exciting． You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too． On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals． The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them．
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink． Sedate(安静的) though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive． As the sun’s rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life．
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine． Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild．
Section Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending
1．adventure n． 奇遇，冒险的经历
2．extra adj． 特别的；额外的
3．luggage n． 行李
4．accommodation n． 住所，住处
5．maximum adj． 最大的，最多的
6．altitude n． 高度，海拔
7．footprint n． 脚印，足迹
8．tiring adj．令人疲劳的→tired adj．疲劳的
9．major adj．较重要的；较严重的→majority n．大多数
10．optional adj．可选择的，非强制的→option n．选择
11．organisation n．团体，组织，机构→organise vt．组织
12．uncomfortable adj．不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable adj．舒服的
13．differ vi．不同于，有区别→different adj．不同的
14．anxious adj．忧虑的，担心的→anxiety n．忧虑
1．right__now 就在此刻
2．go__down 下降；下沉
3． as__well__as 除……之外
4．differ__from 与……不同
5．for__example 例如
6．from__that__moment__on 从那时起
1．现在分词作定语
The food cooking__on__the__fire(在火上烧制的) smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea，you relax and watch the sun go down．
2．while引导的省略句
While__on__a__hiking__trip (在一次徒步旅行中), our cooks prepare delicious meals．
3．which引导非限制性定语从句
And our porters carry your luggage，which__means__that__you__can__simply__enjoy__the__experience (这意味着你能尽情享受旅行)．
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text．
1．The first paragraph is written to ________．
A．tell an interesting story
B．suggest the journey is easy
C．attract travelers to join
D．introduce the Himalayas
2．Cooks and porters are arranged in order to ________．
A．help the hikers to live on themselves
B．deal with the hikers’ complaints
C．make tourists stay longer than expected
D．make the hikers comfortable
3．Special offers mentioned in the fifth paragraph refer to ________．
A．some prepared gifts
B．accommodation or hotels
C．trips to other places
D．tents for camping
答案：1－3．CDC
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text．
1．The food cooking on the fire smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea，you relax and watch the sun go down．
本句是由and连接的________句。第一个分句中cooking on the fire是现在分词短语作____________；第二个分句中while引导__________从句，you relax and watch the sun go down是____句。
[尝试翻译] __________的食物散发着诱人的香味，你____________，轻松地__________。
答案：并列；后置定语；时间状语；主；在火上烧制；喝着一杯热茶；欣赏着日落
2．We also realise that hiking can be hard work and believe that hikers need all our help．
本句是一个由and连接的________句。第一个分句中that引导________从句；第二个分句中that引导________从句。We also realise是____句。
[尝试翻译] ______________徒步是艰苦的，相信徒步者们________________。
答案：并列；宾语；宾语；主；我们也意识到；需要我们所有的帮助
ADVENTURE IN THE HIMALAYAS
Just imagine①．You are walking along a mountain path in the Himalayas． You are feeling tired． You are thinking about② how far there is to go．Then, suddenly you are there! And the amazing Mount Qomolangma is on the horizon③． It looks great． A few minutes later, you arrive at the camp． The food cooking on the fire smells④ great and while you are having a hot cup of tea, you relax and watch the sun go down⑤．At dinner, the food tastes⑥ fantastic⑦． You talk with other people in the group about everything you have seen and done during your day’s hiking⑧． If you are looking for experiences like this, Adventure 2000 is the organisation⑨ for you．
A lot of hiking holidays sound⑩ exciting, but the reality is often very different． Hiking trips can be uncomfortable? and even dangerous． However, at Adventure 2000 we feel that we understand the needs of hikers． All our guides have several years of experience in leading hiking trips in the Himalayas． They know all the best routes? and best places to camp． We also realise that hiking can be hard work and believe that hikers need all our help． As well as? the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters?． While on a hiking trip?，our cooks prepare delicious meals． And our porters carry your luggage?， which means? that you can simply enjoy the experience?．
①imagine vt．想象
imagine doing sth．想象做某事
②think about考虑
③horizon [h?'raIz?n] n．地平线
on the horizon在地平线上
④smell此处用作连系动词，意为：闻起来。
⑤go down下沉；go up上升
⑥taste此处用作连系动词，意为：尝起来。
⑦fantastic adj．极好的；有趣的
⑧此处是省略了that的定语从句，修饰everything。
⑨organisation [???ɡ?naI'zeI??n] n．团体；组织；机构
organise vt．组织
⑩sound此处用作连系动词，意为：听起来。
?uncomfortable[?n'k?mft?b?l] adj．不舒服的；不自在的
comfortable adj．舒服的
?route[ru?t] n．路程，路线
?as well as除了……以外还有……
?porter['p??t?] n．行李搬运工
?while引导时间状语从句，此处是省略形式。
?luggage['l?ɡId?] n．行李
a piece of luggage一件行李
?mean v．意味着；mean to do sth．打算做某事；mean doing sth．意味着做某事
?此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，指上文的整件事情。
喜马拉雅山脉探险
幻想一下。你正沿着喜马拉雅山脉的小径前行。你感到疲乏。你正在想还要走多远。然后，突然你到了！令人惊异的珠穆朗玛峰就在地平线上。它看上去非常雄伟。几分钟后，你到达营地。在火上烧制的食物散发着诱人的香味，你喝着一杯热茶，轻松地欣赏着日落。晚饭的食物非常好吃。你同周围的人谈着白天长途跋涉时的所见所闻。如果你期待有这样的经历，冒险2000正是适合你的组织。
许多登山度假听上去很心动，但现实总是不一样。徒步旅行不舒服，甚至是危险的。然而，在冒险2000，我们认为我们了解登山者的需求。我们这里的每个向导都有多年在喜马拉雅山脉带领登山旅行的经验。他们知道所有最好的路线和最好的扎营地点。我们也意识到徒步是艰苦的，相信徒步者们需要我们所有的帮助。除了导游外，所有的队伍都有厨师和搬运工。在一次徒步旅行中，厨师会准备好美味的食品。有搬运工为你搬运行李，这意味着你能尽情享受旅行。
At Adventure 2000 we also think that good travel arrangements? are important． We organise all the flights for you: from London to Beijing, from Beijing to Lhasa and bus travel in Tibet．
Accommodation?is in comfortable hotels in Beijing and Lhasa, hostels(on the hiking trip, and one-or two-person tents for camping．
There are also special offers for people who don’t want to go straight home afterwards(．If you like history, there is a trip to Western China． For people who prefer to spend some time on the coast, we can organise your travel and accommodation too．
This is a Class A hike—you have to be fit(．There are walks of 6-8 hours most days, with a maximum( altitude( of 5，545 metres． Class B and C hikes are easier, so you don’t need to be so fit．
The hike costs ￡2，500( including all flights and accommodation． Maximum group size is 15 people． Hikes are between October and May．
?arrangement n．安排
make arrangements for．．．为……作准备
?accommodation[??k?m?'deI??n] n．住所，住处；
make accommodation for．．．为……提供食宿
hostel['h?st?l] n．旅社，招待所
who引导定语从句，修饰people。
fit adj．健康的；
keep fit保持健康
maximum['m?ksIm?m] adj．最大的，最多的；
minimum adj．最小的，最少的
altitude['?ltItju?d] n．高度，海拔；
with an altitude of．．．高度为……
attitude n．态度(形近词)
sth． costs (sb．) some money某物花掉(某人)多少钱
在冒险2000，我们同样认为，妥善的旅程安排非常重要。我们为你准备了所有的班机：伦敦到北京，北京到拉萨，还有西藏的汽车旅行。
在北京和拉萨，食宿在舒适的饭店；旅游中住旅店；宿营地则配有单、双人帐篷。
对那些登山之后不想直接回家的人，还有特殊安排。你喜欢历史的话，有一个去中国西部的旅行。对于那些愿意到海边游玩的人，我们也可以为您安排旅程和住宿。
这是A类跋涉旅行——你得身强力壮才行。几乎每天要在最高海拔5 545米的地方，步行6到8个小时。B类和C类跋涉旅行比较轻松，所以你不需要这么强壮。
旅行费用为2 500英镑，其中包括所有机票和食宿。一组最多15人。跋涉旅行在10月和5月之间。
A卷
阅读理解
A
Reach for the stars at the Euro Space Center． Find out everything you need to know about space—from the origins of the universe to the future space exploration plans． Light, sound and special effects help to bring your space journey to life． Throughout your tour, our specially trained guides will answer your questions and provide you with any information you require．
Begin your tour with our exhibition about the planets, then move on to the Space Laboratory and see some of the experiments carried out in space． Visit our international space station, where you can climb into our full-scale Space Shuttle model and experience life on board as an astronaut．
You will know all about space by now and to help you further, our Space Center astronaut will tell you about how young people train as astronauts in our own training school． Finally, you can watch our amazing Space Show in our IMAX cinema, which will help you understand everything you have learned during your visit better．
Outside we have an outdoor exhibition including a giant solar system, full-size rocket models and outdoor games． Don’t worry if it rains—much of this is under cover．
After that, why not visit our restaurant Resto Space for food and drink on a space theme? And don’t forget our Space Shop, offering you a lot of gifts to take home．
The Euro Space Center is open every day during school holidays, and also during other times except Mondays． Opening times are 10：00-5：00． For entrance fees, call our booking service on 326-165-0133． Or you can email us for up-to-date entry information at info@eurospacecenter．be．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了天文爱好者可以参观浏览的the Euro Space Center。
1．Anyone who goes to the Euro Space Center will ________．
A．visit there for free
B．become a true astronaut
C．feel as if he was in space
D．do any space experiments he wants
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Light, sound and special effects help to bring your space journey to life．可知，灯光、声效以及特殊效果让来到the Euro Space Center的游客有身临其境的感觉。故选C项。
2．In the Space Shuttle, visitors can ________．
A．enjoy food and drink
B．watch an amazing space show
C．learn about space experiments
D．know how astronauts live in space
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的where you can climb into our full-scale Space Shuttle model and experience life on board as an astronaut可知，游客可以看到宇航员的生活情况。故选D项。
3．On schoolday Mondays, the Euro Space Center ________．
A．will be open all day long
B．will be open only for 5 hours
C．will be closed for the whole day
D．will have a space show in the IMAX cinema
C 解析：细节理解题。最后一段描述了the Euro Space Center的开放时间是假期的每天以及除周一外的其余时间。故选C项。
4．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Learn to Be an Astronaut
B．Welcome to Space Shop
C．Come and Take a Space Walk
D．Show Your Talent for Science
C 解析：标题归纳题。从第二段的Visit our international space station；倒数第二段的why not visit和最后一段的开放时间和订票热线等可知，本文旨在吸引天文爱好者来参观。故选C项。
B
With a bit of planning and a positive attitude, you’ll create a trip that everyone will enjoy．
1．Bring snacks
Hungry kids and unhealthy food choices on the road mean disaster． Avoid the headache and save some money by packing healthy snacks before you set out on your trip． If you’re planning to travel by air, pack a small cooler filled with snacks, but leave the drinks at home since you won’t be able to get them through security． For road trips, pack extra bottles of water and a larger cooler with sandwiches and snacks in an easy-to-access part of the car．
Plus：10 Healthy Road Trip Snacks
2．Have things to do
Make sure that each member of the family brings along something to do on the trip． Your bookworms need extra books, gamers will need plenty of batteries, and movie watchers will need a few extra DVDs for the trip． Bring along a few decks of card games, a plain notebook, and some crayons for some low-tech fun．
Plus: Travel-Tested Games and Activities for Road Trips with Kids
3．Keep luggage simple
Keep travel costs low by packing light and taking just a few pieces of luggage． Extra luggage can cost more on some airlines and will be difficult for you to manage． The less luggage you have, the less likelihood that some of your luggage will go missing． If you run out of clothing on your vacation, take an adventure to the Laundromat(自助洗衣店)．
4．Keep paperwork organized
One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip． This includes tickets, passports, maps, hotel information, and any other travel documents． Keeping everything in one place will help keep instances of misplaced items and lost tickets at bay．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了家长如何做才能使得旅行令人愉快。
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Things to take for a trip．
B．Tips on traveling by air．
C．Preparation made before a trip．
D．Ways to make traveling with kids easier．
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据开头的With a bit of planning and a positive attitude, you’ll create a trip that everyone will enjoy．以及下文的提示可知，本文主要说的是使得旅行愉快的提示。
6．Which of the following is NOT advised to be taken for a trip by air?
A．Snacks． B．Coolers．
C．Drinks． D．Clothes．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的If you’re planning to travel by air, pack a small cooler filled with snacks, but leave the drinks at home since you won’t be able to get them through security．可知，乘飞机是不允许带饮料的。
7．According to the last paragraph, paperwork should be ________．
A．taken by one parent
B．put in different bags
C．taken by different person
D．left home
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip．可知，一位家长应该负责携带纸质文件。
8．Who is this passage most likely to be written for?
A．Parents． B．Children．
C．Passengers． D．Travel guides．
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip．可知，这篇文章是写给家长的。
C
It had been a hot day and the beach was packed all day with people enjoying the sun and surf． Normally our beach is well protected so that it’s a great family swimming beach． But when ocean waves come up, like any beach, conditions become dangerous．
The sun was setting in the west and we were getting ready to pack up． Just then the wind started and was blowing across the sand． My Captain Allan saw some swimmers in trouble, telling me to go and help． And I’m just 15 years old． It was going to be a memorable day． When I got to the swimmers, I realized there were three people in trouble． All were teenagers, three boys． I was a little afraid because they were older than me． All the thoughts of people almost drowning their rescuers that we learned in training came flooding back to me． Often when a swimmer is in trouble and when you go to assist them, they do whatever they can to get out of the water—including climbing on top of you—when they are in panic．
I yelled out to the boy close to me, telling him that I was a qualified surf lifesaver． “Do you need my help？” I shouted, thinking they might not want me because they might think I was too young or not strong enough to save them． “Yes, please！” was their immediate response． That put my mind at ease—I knew it didn’t matter to them who was rescuing them． I was a surf lifesaver and I was going to get them back to shore．
I signaled to shore that I needed assistance, and two other lifesavers came out． Together we got the three tired and panicked swimmers back to shore． It was a pretty amazing feeling that I was just so proud to be a surf lifesaver．
【解题导语】 作者是一名冲浪救生员，在文中讲述了自己和其他两个救生员把三个处于危险中的男生救出来的事情。
9．When did the wind start and was blowing across the sand?
A．In the morning． B．At noon．
C．Late in the afternoon． D．At night．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的The sun was setting in the west and we were getting ready to pack up． Just then the wind started and was blowing across the sand．可知，在太阳快要落山时，开始刮风了。故选C项。
10．What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The author was strong enough．
B．The three swimmers needed his help．
C．The author could turn to others for help．
D．The three swimmers were not so nervous．
B 解析：代词指代题。根据文中的“Do you need my help？” I shouted, thinking they might not want me because they might think I was too young or not strong enough to save them． “Yes, please！” was their immediate response．可知，作者在想三个男孩是否愿意让自己救他们，他们回答说是，这个回答让作者放心了。故选B项。
11．What do we know about the author?
A．He and the other two lifesavers saved three boys’ lives．
B．He was almost drowned while rescuing the three teenagers．
C．He would receive training about how to save drowning people．
D．He and his family had a good time enjoying the sun and surf．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的I signaled to shore that I needed assistance, and two other lifesavers came out． Together we got the three tired and panicked swimmers back to shore．可知，作者和其他两个救生员把三个男生救到了岸上。故选A项。
12．The passage tells us that ________．
A．it was cloudy for most time of the day
B．Allan was the first to go and help the swimmers
C．the author was not so good at rescuing drowning people
D．the three people in trouble were older than the author
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的All were teenagers, three boys． I was a little afraid because they were older than me．可知，三个男生都比作者年纪要大。故选D项。
七选五
In my thirty years as a Time Management speaker, I have observed a lot of what we can and should not do to increase our daily results． 1．________ In fact, a lot of our Time Management has to do more with what we are not doing rather than what we are doing． Sometimes our mistakes will keep us from running at a full pace．
2．________ We all should avoid them to help us increase our daily success, in less time and with less stress．
·Start your day without a plan of action． Without a plan, you will have worked hard but may not have done enough of the right things． Time Management is not doing the wrong things quicker． 3．________ Time Management is doing the right things．
·Work with a messy desk or work area． Studies have shown that the person who works with a messy desk spends, on average, one and a half hours per day looking for things． 4．________ If you have ever visited the office of a top manager, you will find that person is working with a clean desk environment．
·Don’t take a lunch break． Many do not take a lunch break, working through that time period in the hope that it will give them more time to produce results． Studies have shown it may work just the opposite． 5．________ So a lunch break, even a short fifteen-minute break, gives us a chance to get our batteries all charged up again．
A．Here are some Time Management mistakes we often make．
B．In fact, after doing what we do for several hours, we start to feel tired and bored out．
C．Time management is not necessarily working harder, but rather smarter．
D．That’s seven and a half hours per week．
E．However, many people don’t think so．
F．They feel happy that they have finished so much work．
G．That just gets us nowhere faster．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何进行合理的时间管理。
1．C 解析：根据下文的In fact, a lot of our Time Management has to do more with what we are not doing rather than what we are doing．可知，此处的意思是：进行时间管理不是为了工作更努力，而是更高效。与C项吻合。
2．A 解析：根据下一句话和下文的三条提示可知，此处是指我们在时间管理方面的误区。与A项吻合。
3．G 解析：根据上文的Time Management is not doing the wrong things quicker．可知，此处与G项吻合。
4．D 解析：根据上文的on average, one and a half hours per day looking for things可知，每天一个半小时，那么一周是七个半小时。与D项吻合。
5．B 解析：下文的So a lunch break, even a short fifteen-minute break, gives us a chance to get our batteries all charged up again．说明了需要休息，那么此处肯定是表示劳累了，与B项吻合。
B卷
阅读理解
Teenagers are damaging their health by not getting enough sleep because they are distracted(分散) by electronic products in their bedrooms, according to a survey．
According to The Sleep Council, “junk sleep” could rival(比得上) the consumption of unhealthy junk food as a major lifestyle issue for parents of teenage children． It brings no less harm than junk food to one’s health． Its survey of 1，000 teenagers aged 12 to 16 found that 30 percent managed just 4 to 7 hours sleep as opposed to(形成对照)the recommended 8 or 9 hours by the experts． Almost a quarter said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products．
“This is an extremely worrying situation，”said Dr Chris Idzikowski of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre．“What we are seeing is the appearance of Junk Sleep—that is sleep which is of neither the length nor quality that it should be in order to feed the brain with the rest it needs to perform properly at school．”
Nearly all the teenagers had a phone, music system or TV in their bedroom, with around two-thirds possessing all three． Almost one in five of the teenage boys said the quality of their sleep had been affected by leaving their TV or computer on． The survey also found that 40 percent of teenagers felt tired each day, with girls aged 15 to 16 doing the worst． However just 11 percent said they were bothered by the lack or quality of sleep．
“I’m surprised that so few teenagers make the link between getting enough good quality sleep and how they feel during the day，” Idzikowski said．“Teenagers need to wake up to the fact that to feel well, perform well and look well, they need to do something about their sleep．”
【解题导语】 本文介绍了垃圾睡眠对于青少年健康的危害。
1．According to the experts, how many hours should teenagers sleep every night?
A．4 to 7 hours． B．8 or 9 hours．
C．6 or 7 hours． D．7 or 8 hours．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的the recommended 8 or 9 hours by the experts可知，专家认为青少年应该睡8或9小时。
2．Which of the following is NOT true about “junk sleep”？
A．It’s a kind of sleep with poor quality．
B．It’s a kind of sleep with shorter hours．
C．It’s mainly caused by the electronic products in the bedroom．
D．It’s not as harmful as junk food to one’s health．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的According to The Sleep Council, “junk sleep” could rival(比得上) the consumption of unhealthy junk food as a major lifestyle issue for parents of teenage children． It brings no less harm than junk food to one’s health．可知，垃圾睡眠和垃圾食品对青少年的健康危害一样严重。故选D项。
3．What is Dr Chris Idzikowski’s attitude to the present situation?
A．Worried． B．Satisfied．
C．Angry． D．Disappointed．
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的“This is an extremely worrying situation，”said Dr Chris Idzikowski of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre．可知，博士对现状是很担心的。
4．What should be the best title for this passage?
A．Junk Food and Junk Sleep
B．A Survey about Junk Sleep
C．Junk Sleep Is Damaging Teenager’s Health
D．How to Avoid Junk Sleep
C 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：睡眠不足对于青少年的健康危害很大。下文进行了具体介绍什么是“垃圾睡眠”及危害。故选C项。
完形填空
When I was young, my parents ran a snack bar in our small town．
One evening in early April, my mother told me to stay at the snack bar instead __1__ a worker who had a cold． I told her I would mess it up, __2__ I had never worked at the bar before． I __3__ that instead of making money, I would end up owing it．
“You can do it，” said my mother, “__4__， you won’t get much business until lunch．”
“But I’ll never remember the orders, and I’m not good __5__ money． Please, Mom, don’t __6__ me to do it．” “Then I’ll help you，” she said．
I shrugged my shoulders． I thought my mother’s __7__ was a bad one, but I __8__．
When I got to the bar the next day, I found my mother was __9__． Because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks． __10__， I was really slow at taking the orders and making change(找零)． The line of people grew, and everybody seemed __11__． I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I __12__ a cup into pieces． What a mess! Then my mother came to __13__ me, and she also showed me how to make __14__． If someone gave me $ 5 for something that cost $ 3．25, I handed over __15__ quarters and a dollar and said，“75 cents makes four dollars, plus one dollar makes five．” Things went more __16__ after that．
By the end of the day, I could remember orders, __17__ the bill, and make change quickly with a smile． I was even a little __18__ when the sun came out and dried up business． My mother said she was proud of me, and when she __19__ that I work at the snack bar again next year, I did not even shrug． I was too busy __20__ the restaurant I would open one day!
【解题导语】 作者小时候，父母开着一个小吃店。有一天妈妈让作者在店里工作代替一个生病的店员。作者开始时很紧张，但后来在妈妈的指导下，逐渐做得很好了。作者希望自己有一天也能开一个饭馆。
1．A．on B．in
C．of D．over
C 解析：妈妈让我在店里工作代替一个感冒的工人。instead of 代替。
2．A．until B．though
C．because D．while
C 解析：我告诉她我会搞得一团糟，因为我从来没有在小吃店里工作过。此处表示原因。
3．A．promised B．worried
C．noticed D．hoped
B 解析：我担心不是赚钱而是赔钱。worry担心。
4．A．Therefore B．However
C．Yet D．Besides
D 解析：另外，直到中午你才有很多生意。此处表示妈妈说的第二件事。besides另外。
5．A．of B．at
C．about D．on
B 解析：但是我从来记不住这些订单，我也不擅长金钱方面的事。be good at擅长……
6．A．blame B．force
C．frighten D．fool
B 解析：妈妈，不要强迫我做这件事。force强迫。
7．A．answer B．bar
C．day D．idea
D 解析：我认为妈妈的主意很糟，但是我接受了。idea主意。
8．A．guessed B．refused
C．begged D．accepted
D 解析：参考上一题解析。accept接受。
9．A．wrong B．sad
C．angry D．ashamed
A 解析：第二天我到小吃店，发现妈妈错了。原先妈妈说到中午才有很多生意，根据下文可知，由于天气的缘故顾客很多，所以说妈妈错了。
10．A．At least B．At last
C．At most D．At first
D 解析：开始的时候，我确实弄订单和找零很慢。
11．A．surprised B．impatient
C．pleased D．impolite
B 解析：因为作者很慢，所以大家好像是不耐烦了。impatient不耐烦的。
12．A．damaged B．destroyed
C．ruined D．broke
D 解析：我的手发抖，打破了一个杯子。break打破。
13．A．scold B．help
C．beat D．save
B 解析：后来妈妈来帮忙。根据下文可知答案。
14．A．money B．lunch
C．change D．coffee
C 解析：她还教我怎么找零钱。change零钱。根据下文可知答案。
15．A．two B．three
C．four D．five
B 解析：根据上文的3．25可知，此处是三个二十五美分。
16．A．smoothly B．fairly
C．simply D．conveniently
A 解析：在妈妈教了之后，事情变得顺利了。smoothly顺利地。
17．A．add up B．count out
C．take over D．turn in
A 解析：在那天结束时，我能记得订单，把账加起来…… add up 合计。
18．A．discouraged B．disturbed
C．disappointed D．distrusted
C 解析：当太阳出来，生意少了之后，我甚至有些失望。disappointed失望的。
19．A．suggested B．thought
C．announced D．stated
A 解析：当妈妈建议我明年再在店里工作时，suggest建议。
20．A．examining B．preparing
C．imagining D．describing
C 解析：我正忙着想象有一天我自己开店的情景。imagine 想象。
语法填空
While learning English, one should first pay attention to listening and speaking． It is the ground work of reading and writing． Open your mouth and speak English loudly and 1．____________(confident)． Don’t be afraid of making 2．____________(mistake)． You should also develop 3．____________ habit of keeping diaries in English． That’s the best way I can think of 4．____________(improve) your written English． If possible, ask some others to go through what you 5．____________(write ) and tell you where there is a mistake． Many mistakes in your speaking will be easily found once you 6．____________(write)．
Through correcting mistakes, you can do 7．____________(good)in learning English than ever before． At the same time, choose proper reading materials for you，8．____________ I think should be neither too difficult nor too easy． 9．____________ you are reading, don’t stop to look up the words． If you refer to the dictionary too often, most probably you will get bored and stop 10．____________(read) in no time．
1．confidently 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词speak。confidently adv．自信地。
2．mistakes 解析：考查名词用法。mistake n．错误，是可数名词。此处没有冠词a，故用复数形式。
3．the 解析：考查冠词用法。此处特指记英语日记的习惯。故用定冠词the。
4．to improve 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰the best way。
5．have written 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：如果可能，让别人看一遍你写的东西。表示已经完成的动作。
6．write 解析：考查动词的时态。此处once引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。
7．better 解析：考查副词的用法。根据句中的than可知，此处用比较级。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。
9．While 解析：考查连词的用法。句意：当你在阅读时……
10．reading 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“停止做某事”，用stop doing sth．。
课件38张PPT。Unit 8 AdventureUnit 8 AdventureUnit 8 AdventureUnit 8 AdventureUnit 8 AdventureUnit 8 Adventure本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
阅读理解
A
Reach for the stars at the Euro Space Center． Find out everything you need to know about space—from the origins of the universe to the future space exploration plans． Light, sound and special effects help to bring your space journey to life． Throughout your tour, our specially trained guides will answer your questions and provide you with any information you require．
Begin your tour with our exhibition about the planets, then move on to the Space Laboratory and see some of the experiments carried out in space． Visit our international space station, where you can climb into our full-scale Space Shuttle model and experience life on board as an astronaut．
You will know all about space by now and to help you further, our Space Center astronaut will tell you about how young people train as astronauts in our own training school． Finally, you can watch our amazing Space Show in our IMAX cinema, which will help you understand everything you have learned during your visit better．
Outside we have an outdoor exhibition including a giant solar system, full-size rocket models and outdoor games． Don’t worry if it rains—much of this is under cover．
After that, why not visit our restaurant Resto Space for food and drink on a space theme? And don’t forget our Space Shop, offering you a lot of gifts to take home．
The Euro Space Center is open every day during school holidays, and also during other times except Mondays． Opening times are 10：00-5：00． For entrance fees, call our booking service on 326-165-0133． Or you can email us for up-to-date entry information at info@eurospacecenter．be．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了天文爱好者可以参观浏览的the Euro Space Center。
1．Anyone who goes to the Euro Space Center will ________．
A．visit there for free
B．become a true astronaut
C．feel as if he was in space
D．do any space experiments he wants
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Light, sound and special effects help to bring your space journey to life．可知，灯光、声效以及特殊效果让来到the Euro Space Center的游客有身临其境的感觉。故选C项。
2．In the Space Shuttle, visitors can ________．
A．enjoy food and drink
B．watch an amazing space show
C．learn about space experiments
D．know how astronauts live in space
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的where you can climb into our full-scale Space Shuttle model and experience life on board as an astronaut可知，游客可以看到宇航员的生活情况。故选D项。
3．On schoolday Mondays, the Euro Space Center ________．
A．will be open all day long
B．will be open only for 5 hours
C．will be closed for the whole day
D．will have a space show in the IMAX cinema
C 解析：细节理解题。最后一段描述了the Euro Space Center的开放时间是假期的每天以及除周一外的其余时间。故选C项。
4．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Learn to Be an Astronaut
B．Welcome to Space Shop
C．Come and Take a Space Walk
D．Show Your Talent for Science
C 解析：标题归纳题。从第二段的Visit our international space station；倒数第二段的why not visit和最后一段的开放时间和订票热线等可知，本文旨在吸引天文爱好者来参观。故选C项。
B
With a bit of planning and a positive attitude, you’ll create a trip that everyone will enjoy．
1．Bring snacks
Hungry kids and unhealthy food choices on the road mean disaster． Avoid the headache and save some money by packing healthy snacks before you set out on your trip． If you’re planning to travel by air, pack a small cooler filled with snacks, but leave the drinks at home since you won’t be able to get them through security． For road trips, pack extra bottles of water and a larger cooler with sandwiches and snacks in an easy-to-access part of the car．
Plus：10 Healthy Road Trip Snacks
2．Have things to do
Make sure that each member of the family brings along something to do on the trip． Your bookworms need extra books, gamers will need plenty of batteries, and movie watchers will need a few extra DVDs for the trip． Bring along a few decks of card games, a plain notebook, and some crayons for some low-tech fun．
Plus: Travel-Tested Games and Activities for Road Trips with Kids
3．Keep luggage simple
Keep travel costs low by packing light and taking just a few pieces of luggage． Extra luggage can cost more on some airlines and will be difficult for you to manage． The less luggage you have, the less likelihood that some of your luggage will go missing． If you run out of clothing on your vacation, take an adventure to the Laundromat(自助洗衣店)．
4．Keep paperwork organized
One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip． This includes tickets, passports, maps, hotel information, and any other travel documents． Keeping everything in one place will help keep instances of misplaced items and lost tickets at bay．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了家长如何做才能使得旅行令人愉快。
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Things to take for a trip．
B．Tips on traveling by air．
C．Preparation made before a trip．
D．Ways to make traveling with kids easier．
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据开头的With a bit of planning and a positive attitude, you’ll create a trip that everyone will enjoy．以及下文的提示可知，本文主要说的是使得旅行愉快的提示。
6．Which of the following is NOT advised to be taken for a trip by air?
A．Snacks． B．Coolers．
C．Drinks． D．Clothes．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的If you’re planning to travel by air, pack a small cooler filled with snacks, but leave the drinks at home since you won’t be able to get them through security．可知，乘飞机是不允许带饮料的。
7．According to the last paragraph, paperwork should be ________．
A．taken by one parent
B．put in different bags
C．taken by different person
D．left home
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip．可知，一位家长应该负责携带纸质文件。
8．Who is this passage most likely to be written for?
A．Parents． B．Children．
C．Passengers． D．Travel guides．
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的One parent should be in charge of organizing paperwork for the trip．可知，这篇文章是写给家长的。
C
It had been a hot day and the beach was packed all day with people enjoying the sun and surf． Normally our beach is well protected so that it’s a great family swimming beach． But when ocean waves come up, like any beach, conditions become dangerous．
The sun was setting in the west and we were getting ready to pack up． Just then the wind started and was blowing across the sand． My Captain Allan saw some swimmers in trouble, telling me to go and help． And I’m just 15 years old． It was going to be a memorable day． When I got to the swimmers, I realized there were three people in trouble． All were teenagers, three boys． I was a little afraid because they were older than me． All the thoughts of people almost drowning their rescuers that we learned in training came flooding back to me． Often when a swimmer is in trouble and when you go to assist them, they do whatever they can to get out of the water—including climbing on top of you—when they are in panic．
I yelled out to the boy close to me, telling him that I was a qualified surf lifesaver． “Do you need my help？” I shouted, thinking they might not want me because they might think I was too young or not strong enough to save them． “Yes, please！” was their immediate response． That put my mind at ease—I knew it didn’t matter to them who was rescuing them． I was a surf lifesaver and I was going to get them back to shore．
I signaled to shore that I needed assistance, and two other lifesavers came out． Together we got the three tired and panicked swimmers back to shore． It was a pretty amazing feeling that I was just so proud to be a surf lifesaver．
【解题导语】 作者是一名冲浪救生员，在文中讲述了自己和其他两个救生员把三个处于危险中的男生救出来的事情。
9．When did the wind start and was blowing across the sand?
A．In the morning． B．At noon．
C．Late in the afternoon． D．At night．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的The sun was setting in the west and we were getting ready to pack up． Just then the wind started and was blowing across the sand．可知，在太阳快要落山时，开始刮风了。故选C项。
10．What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The author was strong enough．
B．The three swimmers needed his help．
C．The author could turn to others for help．
D．The three swimmers were not so nervous．
B 解析：代词指代题。根据文中的“Do you need my help？” I shouted, thinking they might not want me because they might think I was too young or not strong enough to save them． “Yes, please！” was their immediate response．可知，作者在想三个男孩是否愿意让自己救他们，他们回答说是，这个回答让作者放心了。故选B项。
11．What do we know about the author?
A．He and the other two lifesavers saved three boys’ lives．
B．He was almost drowned while rescuing the three teenagers．
C．He would receive training about how to save drowning people．
D．He and his family had a good time enjoying the sun and surf．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的I signaled to shore that I needed assistance, and two other lifesavers came out． Together we got the three tired and panicked swimmers back to shore．可知，作者和其他两个救生员把三个男生救到了岸上。故选A项。
12．The passage tells us that ________．
A．it was cloudy for most time of the day
B．Allan was the first to go and help the swimmers
C．the author was not so good at rescuing drowning people
D．the three people in trouble were older than the author
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的All were teenagers, three boys． I was a little afraid because they were older than me．可知，三个男生都比作者年纪要大。故选D项。
七选五
In my thirty years as a Time Management speaker, I have observed a lot of what we can and should not do to increase our daily results． 1．________ In fact, a lot of our Time Management has to do more with what we are not doing rather than what we are doing． Sometimes our mistakes will keep us from running at a full pace．
2．________ We all should avoid them to help us increase our daily success, in less time and with less stress．
·Start your day without a plan of action． Without a plan, you will have worked hard but may not have done enough of the right things． Time Management is not doing the wrong things quicker． 3．________ Time Management is doing the right things．
·Work with a messy desk or work area． Studies have shown that the person who works with a messy desk spends, on average, one and a half hours per day looking for things． 4．________ If you have ever visited the office of a top manager, you will find that person is working with a clean desk environment．
·Don’t take a lunch break． Many do not take a lunch break, working through that time period in the hope that it will give them more time to produce results． Studies have shown it may work just the opposite． 5．________ So a lunch break, even a short fifteen-minute break, gives us a chance to get our batteries all charged up again．
A．Here are some Time Management mistakes we often make．
B．In fact, after doing what we do for several hours, we start to feel tired and bored out．
C．Time management is not necessarily working harder, but rather smarter．
D．That’s seven and a half hours per week．
E．However, many people don’t think so．
F．They feel happy that they have finished so much work．
G．That just gets us nowhere faster．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何进行合理的时间管理。
1．C 解析：根据下文的In fact, a lot of our Time Management has to do more with what we are not doing rather than what we are doing．可知，此处的意思是：进行时间管理不是为了工作更努力，而是更高效。与C项吻合。
2．A 解析：根据下一句话和下文的三条提示可知，此处是指我们在时间管理方面的误区。与A项吻合。
3．G 解析：根据上文的Time Management is not doing the wrong things quicker．可知，此处与G项吻合。
4．D 解析：根据上文的on average, one and a half hours per day looking for things可知，每天一个半小时，那么一周是七个半小时。与D项吻合。
5．B 解析：下文的So a lunch break, even a short fifteen-minute break, gives us a chance to get our batteries all charged up again．说明了需要休息，那么此处肯定是表示劳累了，与B项吻合。
B卷
阅读理解
Teenagers are damaging their health by not getting enough sleep because they are distracted(分散) by electronic products in their bedrooms, according to a survey．
According to The Sleep Council, “junk sleep” could rival(比得上) the consumption of unhealthy junk food as a major lifestyle issue for parents of teenage children． It brings no less harm than junk food to one’s health． Its survey of 1，000 teenagers aged 12 to 16 found that 30 percent managed just 4 to 7 hours sleep as opposed to(形成对照)the recommended 8 or 9 hours by the experts． Almost a quarter said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products．
“This is an extremely worrying situation，”said Dr Chris Idzikowski of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre．“What we are seeing is the appearance of Junk Sleep—that is sleep which is of neither the length nor quality that it should be in order to feed the brain with the rest it needs to perform properly at school．”
Nearly all the teenagers had a phone, music system or TV in their bedroom, with around two-thirds possessing all three． Almost one in five of the teenage boys said the quality of their sleep had been affected by leaving their TV or computer on． The survey also found that 40 percent of teenagers felt tired each day, with girls aged 15 to 16 doing the worst． However just 11 percent said they were bothered by the lack or quality of sleep．
“I’m surprised that so few teenagers make the link between getting enough good quality sleep and how they feel during the day，” Idzikowski said．“Teenagers need to wake up to the fact that to feel well, perform well and look well, they need to do something about their sleep．”
【解题导语】 本文介绍了垃圾睡眠对于青少年健康的危害。
1．According to the experts, how many hours should teenagers sleep every night?
A．4 to 7 hours． B．8 or 9 hours．
C．6 or 7 hours． D．7 or 8 hours．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的the recommended 8 or 9 hours by the experts可知，专家认为青少年应该睡8或9小时。
2．Which of the following is NOT true about “junk sleep”？
A．It’s a kind of sleep with poor quality．
B．It’s a kind of sleep with shorter hours．
C．It’s mainly caused by the electronic products in the bedroom．
D．It’s not as harmful as junk food to one’s health．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的According to The Sleep Council, “junk sleep” could rival(比得上) the consumption of unhealthy junk food as a major lifestyle issue for parents of teenage children． It brings no less harm than junk food to one’s health．可知，垃圾睡眠和垃圾食品对青少年的健康危害一样严重。故选D项。
3．What is Dr Chris Idzikowski’s attitude to the present situation?
A．Worried． B．Satisfied．
C．Angry． D．Disappointed．
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的“This is an extremely worrying situation，”said Dr Chris Idzikowski of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre．可知，博士对现状是很担心的。
4．What should be the best title for this passage?
A．Junk Food and Junk Sleep
B．A Survey about Junk Sleep
C．Junk Sleep Is Damaging Teenager’s Health
D．How to Avoid Junk Sleep
C 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：睡眠不足对于青少年的健康危害很大。下文进行了具体介绍什么是“垃圾睡眠”及危害。故选C项。
完形填空
When I was young, my parents ran a snack bar in our small town．
One evening in early April, my mother told me to stay at the snack bar instead __1__ a worker who had a cold． I told her I would mess it up, __2__ I had never worked at the bar before． I __3__ that instead of making money, I would end up owing it．
“You can do it，” said my mother, “__4__， you won’t get much business until lunch．”
“But I’ll never remember the orders, and I’m not good __5__ money． Please, Mom, don’t __6__ me to do it．” “Then I’ll help you，” she said．
I shrugged my shoulders． I thought my mother’s __7__ was a bad one, but I __8__．
When I got to the bar the next day, I found my mother was __9__． Because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks． __10__， I was really slow at taking the orders and making change(找零)． The line of people grew, and everybody seemed __11__． I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I __12__ a cup into pieces． What a mess! Then my mother came to __13__ me, and she also showed me how to make __14__． If someone gave me $ 5 for something that cost $ 3．25, I handed over __15__ quarters and a dollar and said，“75 cents makes four dollars, plus one dollar makes five．” Things went more __16__ after that．
By the end of the day, I could remember orders, __17__ the bill, and make change quickly with a smile． I was even a little __18__ when the sun came out and dried up business． My mother said she was proud of me, and when she __19__ that I work at the snack bar again next year, I did not even shrug． I was too busy __20__ the restaurant I would open one day!
【解题导语】 作者小时候，父母开着一个小吃店。有一天妈妈让作者在店里工作代替一个生病的店员。作者开始时很紧张，但后来在妈妈的指导下，逐渐做得很好了。作者希望自己有一天也能开一个饭馆。
1．A．on B．in
C．of D．over
C 解析：妈妈让我在店里工作代替一个感冒的工人。instead of 代替。
2．A．until B．though
C．because D．while
C 解析：我告诉她我会搞得一团糟，因为我从来没有在小吃店里工作过。此处表示原因。
3．A．promised B．worried
C．noticed D．hoped
B 解析：我担心不是赚钱而是赔钱。worry担心。
4．A．Therefore B．However
C．Yet D．Besides
D 解析：另外，直到中午你才有很多生意。此处表示妈妈说的第二件事。besides另外。
5．A．of B．at
C．about D．on
B 解析：但是我从来记不住这些订单，我也不擅长金钱方面的事。be good at擅长……
6．A．blame B．force
C．frighten D．fool
B 解析：妈妈，不要强迫我做这件事。force强迫。
7．A．answer B．bar
C．day D．idea
D 解析：我认为妈妈的主意很糟，但是我接受了。idea主意。
8．A．guessed B．refused
C．begged D．accepted
D 解析：参考上一题解析。accept接受。
9．A．wrong B．sad
C．angry D．ashamed
A 解析：第二天我到小吃店，发现妈妈错了。原先妈妈说到中午才有很多生意，根据下文可知，由于天气的缘故顾客很多，所以说妈妈错了。
10．A．At least B．At last
C．At most D．At first
D 解析：开始的时候，我确实弄订单和找零很慢。
11．A．surprised B．impatient
C．pleased D．impolite
B 解析：因为作者很慢，所以大家好像是不耐烦了。impatient不耐烦的。
12．A．damaged B．destroyed
C．ruined D．broke
D 解析：我的手发抖，打破了一个杯子。break打破。
13．A．scold B．help
C．beat D．save
B 解析：后来妈妈来帮忙。根据下文可知答案。
14．A．money B．lunch
C．change D．coffee
C 解析：她还教我怎么找零钱。change零钱。根据下文可知答案。
15．A．two B．three
C．four D．five
B 解析：根据上文的3．25可知，此处是三个二十五美分。
16．A．smoothly B．fairly
C．simply D．conveniently
A 解析：在妈妈教了之后，事情变得顺利了。smoothly顺利地。
17．A．add up B．count out
C．take over D．turn in
A 解析：在那天结束时，我能记得订单，把账加起来…… add up 合计。
18．A．discouraged B．disturbed
C．disappointed D．distrusted
C 解析：当太阳出来，生意少了之后，我甚至有些失望。disappointed失望的。
19．A．suggested B．thought
C．announced D．stated
A 解析：当妈妈建议我明年再在店里工作时，suggest建议。
20．A．examining B．preparing
C．imagining D．describing
C 解析：我正忙着想象有一天我自己开店的情景。imagine 想象。
语法填空
While learning English, one should first pay attention to listening and speaking． It is the ground work of reading and writing． Open your mouth and speak English loudly and 1．____________(confident)． Don’t be afraid of making 2．____________(mistake)． You should also develop 3．____________ habit of keeping diaries in English． That’s the best way I can think of 4．____________(improve) your written English． If possible, ask some others to go through what you 5．____________(write ) and tell you where there is a mistake． Many mistakes in your speaking will be easily found once you 6．____________(write)．
Through correcting mistakes, you can do 7．____________(good)in learning English than ever before． At the same time, choose proper reading materials for you，8．____________ I think should be neither too difficult nor too easy． 9．____________ you are reading, don’t stop to look up the words． If you refer to the dictionary too often, most probably you will get bored and stop 10．____________(read) in no time．
1．confidently 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词speak。confidently adv．自信地。
2．mistakes 解析：考查名词用法。mistake n．错误，是可数名词。此处没有冠词a，故用复数形式。
3．the 解析：考查冠词用法。此处特指记英语日记的习惯。故用定冠词the。
4．to improve 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰the best way。
5．have written 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：如果可能，让别人看一遍你写的东西。表示已经完成的动作。
6．write 解析：考查动词的时态。此处once引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。
7．better 解析：考查副词的用法。根据句中的than可知，此处用比较级。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。
9．While 解析：考查连词的用法。句意：当你在阅读时……
10．reading 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“停止做某事”，用stop doing sth．。
Section Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Points
major adj．主要的；较重要的；较严重的
vi．主修；专攻 n．主修课程；专业学生
(教材P116)The presenter went round the world visiting all the major capitals． 主持人环游世界，参观游览各大首都。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中major的含义
(1)Age is a major factor affecting chances of employment．主要的
(2) Your major does not matter as much in your first year of college．主修课程
(3)The young boy is a political science major．专业学生
(1)major in．．． 主修/专攻……
(2)majority n． 大多数
be in the majority 占多数
(3)minor adj． 次要的
(4)minority n． 少数
be in the minority 占少数
①Our major concern is how to give everyone a fair chance．
我们最关注的是如何给每人一个公平的机会。
②The majority(major) of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health． 大多数医生认为，吸烟有害健康。
③Young people are in the majority in this field．
在这个领域里年轻人占多数。
④Some minor(minority) changes may be necessary．
也许有必要做些小的改动。
⑤Girls are in the minority(minor) in this university．
这个大学里女生占少数。
“the majority of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但是majority后面不接of短语时，谓语动词用单数，若强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
⑥The majority was/were in favor of the suggestion．
多数人支持这个建议。
tiring adj．令人疲劳的
(教材P21)Yes，but I think that travelling around for weeks would be quite tiring．
是的，但我认为几周的旅行会让人相当疲倦。
(1)tire v． 使疲倦；使厌烦
tire sb．out 使某人累极了
(2)tired adj． 累的，疲倦的；厌烦的
be tired out 感到累极了
be/become tired of 厌烦……
be tired with/from 因……而累
①There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding．
没有什么比不成功更令人疲惫的了。
②All that exercise really tired me out．
那些运动可把我累坏了。
③Success, then, means never feeling tired(tire)．
那么，成功就意味着永远不会感到疲惫。
④We are tired of waiting for him to call．
我们等他打电话都等腻了。
⑤My mother was tired with/from so much housework yesterday．
昨天做了那么多家务，我妈妈都累坏了。
The tiring work really tired us out last week． In other words, we were tired with/from the tiring work last week．
optional adj．可选择的；非强制的
(教材P22)Why does the company offer optional tours?
这个公司为什么提供可选择的旅行？
option n． 选择
the option of doing sth． 做某事的选择
have no option but to do sth． 除了做……别无选择
have the option to do sth． 有权做某事
①The price includes hotel and meals—entertainment is optional．
这个价格包括旅馆和膳食，娱乐可选可不选。
②The history course is optional(option), but English is compulsory．
历史课是选修的，但是英语是必修的。
③You have the option of hiking(hike) there or going by bus．
你可以选择步行或乘公共汽车去那里。
④She had no option but to__admit(admit) the truth．
她没有别的选择，只好承认实情。
⑤If one partner dies, the others have the option to buy back their shares．
如果一个合伙人死了，其他人有权买回他们的股票。
uncomfortable adj．不舒服的，不自在的
(教材P22)Hiking trips can be uncomfortable and even dangerous．
徒步旅行不舒服，甚至是危险的。
(1)comfort n． 舒适；安慰
vt． 安慰；宽慰
in comfort 舒服地
take comfort from．．． 从……中获得安慰
be a comfort to sb． 对某人来说是个安慰
(2)comfortable adj． 舒服的；满意的
be comfortable with．．． 对……满意
be comfortable about．．． 对……感到自在
①Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable．
沉默或许被一些文化团体看作是极为不舒服的事情。
②There is plenty of room to lie down and sleep in comfort．
有足够的空间可以躺下舒服地睡一觉。
③Her children have been a great comfort to her．
她的孩子们对她来说一直是极大的安慰。
④Make yourself comfortable(comfort) and I’ll be back in a minute．
请自便别客气，我一会儿就回来。
⑤Is everyone comfortable(comfort) with the arrangement?
这样安排每个人都满意吗？
My aunt likes reading． When she feels uncomfortable, she often takes comfort from books． She likes lying in an armchair in comfort． In addition, her career is also a comfort to her． She is comfortable with her life at the present．
accommodation n．住所，住处；住宿；膳食(常用复数)
(教材P22)Accommodation is in comfortable hotels in Beijing and Lhasa, hostels on the hiking trip, and one-or two-person tents for camping．
在北京和拉萨，食宿在舒适的饭店；旅途中住旅店；宿营地则配有单、双人帐篷。
(1)make accommodations for．．． 为……提供食宿
(2)accommodate vt． 容纳；使适应；为……提供食宿
vi． 适应
accommodate to 适应
accommodate oneself to．．． 使自己适应
accommodate sb． with sth． 帮某人忙；给某人提供方便
①They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort．
他们一到机场就被集中起来，带到了舒服的住处。
②Most employers will make accommodations(accommodate) for excellent employees．
多数雇主为优秀员工提供食宿。
③The new hotel can accommodate(accommodation) about 600 guests．
这个新的宾馆可容纳大约600位客人。
④The young man is good at accommodating himself to the changed conditions．
这个年轻人善于适应变化的环境。
⑤He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he was abroad．
他出国期间会让我住他的房子。
differ vi．不同于，有区别
(教材P23)How do the tourists differ from local people?
游客和当地群众有何不同呢？
(1)differ from．．．in．．． 在……方面与……不同
differ with sb．about/on/over sth．
对某事与某人看法不同
(2)different adj． 不同的
be different from sb．/sth．in sth．
在某方面不同于某人/某物
(3)difference n． 不同，区别
difference between．．．and．．．
……和……之间的不同
make a/no difference 有/无影响，起作用/不起作用
tell the difference between．．．and．．．
区分……和……之间的不同
①Their house differs from mine in having no garage．
他们的房子和我的不同，区别在于他们的房子没有车库。
②The two lawyers differed with each other on the case．
这两个律师在这个案件方面意见有分歧。
③The girl is quite different(differ) from her twin sister．
这个女孩和她的双胞胎妹妹很不相同。
④There are many differences(differ) between living in the city and living in the country．
住在城市和住在乡下有很多不同之处。
⑤It doesn’t make__any__difference to me whether you go or stay．
你是去是留对我都没有任何影响。
anxious adj．忧虑的；担心的；渴望的
(教材P23)From that moment they started to feel anxious and they slept badly that night．
从那时起，他们开始感到担心，并且那天晚上他们睡得很不好。
(1)be anxious about 对……着急/担忧
be anxious for．．． 渴望；对……担心
be anxious to do sth． 渴望做某事
be anxious that．．． 担心……；渴望……
(2)anxiety n． 焦虑；担心；渴望
(3)anxiously adv． 焦急地
①Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview．
杰克还是禁不住担心他的工作面试。
②He was anxious to__please(please) his guests．
他急着要讨好客人。
③The period of his illness was anxious for us all．
他生病期间令我们大家都很担心。
④There was increasing anxiety(anxious) over the outcome of the talks． 对会谈结果有越来越多的担忧。
⑤The parents were waiting at the gate anxiously(anxious)． 家长们在门口焦急地等着。
⑥Fear and anxiety(anxious) aged him overnight．
恐惧和忧虑使他一夜之间变老了。
take off 起飞；脱去(衣服)；(事业)腾飞；受欢迎； 休假；突然离开
(教材P116)I’ve been on planes lots of times and it always feels great，especially when you take off!
我已经坐过很多次飞机了，一直感觉很棒，尤其是飞机起飞的瞬间！
[一词多义]——写出下列句中take off的含义
(1)The plane took off from the airport and headed south towards Hong Kong．起飞
(2)Her singing career begun to take off after attending singer on Hunan TV in 2017．开始成功
(3)It’s too hot． You’d better take off your coat．脱掉
(4)He took two weeks off from work．请假
take up 占去，占据(时间、地位等)
take down 记下
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用
take over 接管，接任
①I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your valuable time． 我很抱歉占了你这么多宝贵的时间。
②Johnson took over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday．
约翰逊昨天接任委员会主席一职。
③(朗文辞典)I told Grandpa we were going away，but I don’t think he took it in．
我告诉爷爷我们要走了，但我认为他并没有明白。
go down (船)下沉；(价格)下跌；(温度等)下降；(洪水等)下落
(教材P22)The food cooking on the fire smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea，you relax and watch the sun go down． 在火上烧制的食物散发着诱人的香味，你喝着一杯热茶，轻松地欣赏着日落。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中go down 的含义
(1)The moon has gone down．下落
(2)No one expects house prices to go down in the near future．下降
(3)The ship went down off the coast of Africa．下沉
go against 违反，对……不利
go away 离开，走开
go back 回去
go by 过去，(时间)逝去
go in for 从事，喜好
①It is stupid for us to go against nature．
我们违背自然规律是愚蠢的。
②With time going by,__we gradually forgot the experience．
随着时间的流逝，我们逐渐忘记了那次经历。
③I don’t go in for loud popular music．
我不喜欢喧闹的流行音乐。
as well as 除……之外
(教材P22)As well as the group guide，all teams have cooks and porters．
除了导游外，所有的队伍都有厨师和搬运工。
(1)as well as常用来连接两个并列成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首，作“也，还”讲。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及，因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。而用not only．．．but also．．．连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。
(2)as well as用来表示同级比较，指“一样好”。
(3)as well也；又；还(常位于句末)
(4)may/might as well不妨……
①As well as eating five course meals，they drank seven bottles of wine．
除吃了五道主菜外，他们还喝了七瓶酒。
②Your wife as well as you is(be) friendly to me．
不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
③You look as well as you did ten years ago．
你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。
④Would you go with us tonight as well?
你今晚也和我们一起去吗？
⑤We may as well go home． There’s nothing more to do．
我们不妨回家。因为没有要做的事情了。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)The mother as well as the children like the music very much．like→likes
(2)I will take part in the game with my friend as well as．去掉第二个as
(3)The girl can sing the song as good as your sister．good→well
(教材P22)The food cooking on the fire smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea，you relax and watch the sun go down．
在火上烧制的食物散发着诱人的香味，你喝着一杯热茶，轻松地欣赏着日落。
(1)cooking on the fire 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰The food。现在分词作定语表主动或正在进行。
(2)不定式to do 作定语表主动、将来；不定式to be done表被动、将来；过去分词done表被动、完成；现在分词being done 表被动、正在进行。
①The girl standing under that tree is from a big city．
站在那棵树底下的姑娘来自大城市。
②Have you got anything to__send?
你有什么东西要寄吗？
③Have you read the novel written(write) by Dickens?
你读过狄更斯的小说吗？
④Listen！The song being__sung(sing) is very popular with the students．
听！现在正唱的这首歌在学生中非常流行。
⑤The new school to__be__built(build) next year is for the little children．
明年要建的新学校是给小孩子的。
(教材P22)While on a hiking trip，our cooks prepare delicious meals． 在一次徒步旅行中，厨师会准备好美味的食品。
While on a hiking trip为状语从句的省略。在when，while，unless，if等引导的状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词含有be动词，或从句中含有it is，可省略从句的主语及be动词。常见的结构：
连词＋ ＋主句
①While in France, the girl picked up some French．
在法国时，这个女孩学会了些法语。
②When visiting(visit) another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them．
当你参观另外一个国家的时候，你应该意识到那些差异并尊重它们。
③I won’t go to attend her party even if invited(invite)．
即使被邀请，我也不会去参加她的派对的。
品句填词
1．Keeping a house is a ____________(令人疲倦的) job．
答案：tiring
2．That hard chair is ____________(不舒服的) to sit on．
答案：uncomfortable
3．We weren’t sure about which ____________(路线) we should take．
答案：route
4．You are only allowed one piece of hand ____________(行李)．
答案：luggage
5．A terrible accident happened in the ____________(较重要的) road yesterday．
答案：major
6．Each of us goes ____________(疯狂的) with joy at the news．
答案：wild
7．I want some ice water．Is it at ____________(额外的) charge?
答案：extra
8．She is ____________(焦急的) to know what happened to the new manager．
答案：anxious
9．The use of the word “cost” ____________(有区别) from the word “spend”．
答案：differs
10．After all，school is not a race but an ____________(冒险) in learning．
答案：adventure
单句改错
1．Most of the people are tired from such films．____________________
答案：from→of
2．As a matter of fact, he had no option but leave the city．____________________
答案：leave前加to
3．It is said that the young man majored maths while at college．____________________
答案：majored后加in
4．The manager as well as the employees are waiting for the result．____________________
答案：are→is
5．The mother was anxious with her son’s safety．____________________
答案：with→about
完成句子
1．告诉正在外面玩耍的孩子不要弄出太多噪音。
Tell the children ________________ not to make too much noise．
答案：playing outside
2．冬天的风会很冷的。
In winter the winds ________________．
答案：can be very cold
3．横穿街道时务必小心。
Be careful ________________________．
答案：when crossing the street
4．她听到可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
She heard a terrible noise，________________________ into her mouth．
答案：which brought her heart
5．我喜欢在这家出版社出版的大部分图书。
I like most of the books ________________________________．
答案：published in this publishing house
课文语法填空
Hiking trips can be 1．____________(comfort) and even dangerous．However，at Adventure 2000 the people there understand the needs of 2．____________(hike)．All the guides have much experience and they know all the best routes and best places 3．____________(camp)．As well as the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters 4．____________ carry your luggage which means that you can 5．____________(simple) enjoy the experience．
The people there also think good 6．____________(arrange) are important．In Beijing and Lhasa，they have accommodation in 7．____________(comfort) hotels． You have optional 8．____________(choose)．There is a trip to Western China or you can spend some time 9．____________ the coast．
There is a Class A hike—you have to be fit．There are walks of six to eight hours，10．____________ a maximum altitude of 5，545 metres．Hikes are between October and May and maximum group size is 15 people．
答案：1．uncomfortable 2．hikers 3．to camp 4．who
5．simply 6．arrangements 7．comfortable 8．choices
9．on 10．with
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Unless ____________(ask) to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in class．
答案：asked
2．Charlie, ____________(live) in Paris for years, decided to return to London．
答案：having lived
3．I as well as my parents ____________(be) fond of music．
答案：am
4．I don’t wonder you were anxious ____________(avoid) the conflict．
答案：to avoid
5．Whether it rains or not makes no ____________(differ) to me．
答案：difference
6．Do you prefer ____________(stay) at home or going out with me?
答案：staying
7．We all went to Shanghai, ____________(include) my mother．
答案：including
8．We have shared the same historical ____________(experience)．
答案：experiences
9．It’s very ____________(tire) after a long ride in the train．
答案：tiring
10．I major ____________ engineering, but this machine is hard to handle．
答案：in
阅读理解
I liked adventure． Once I decided to climb a mountain and asked my uncle for advice． He said，“Unfortunately, I am so busy these days． But if no one leads, you are likely to be lost．”
I said，“What am I afraid of? If lost, I will call you for help．” He said with a smile，“Well, I hope you will not get lost． Good luck．” I confidently said，“I think I’ll certainly be able to return safely．”
I finally set off by myself． Everything was very smooth at first． When I came close to the top, a sudden strong wind burst． I had to find a shelter to hide my sleeping bag inside． An hour later, I crawled(爬) out and looked around． All the places were so familiar and those roads appeared to extend in all directions． What should I do? I decided to call for help, but except the sleeping bag, there was nothing left．
Going on in my despair(绝望), suddenly I found a map from the sleeping bag． Could that be put by Uncle? Anyway, I followed the directions on the map and succeeded in finding a smooth way home．
Stepping into the house, I was pleased to see Uncle again and said excitedly，“Today, thanks to your map, or I really could not return home． My baggage, including my mobile phone, was blown away．”
Strangely Uncle asked，“The map？”I said，“The one you put in my sleeping bag．” Seeing the map, Uncle suddenly laughed again, “This is your 4-year-old cousin Linda’s painting of a Super Spider-Man．”
I was surprised, “However, I really got this ‘map’ to find it down the road．”
Uncle said，“You can come down the mountain successfully, not due to the map, but due to your strong will to deal with the problem！”
【解题导语】 作者去探险，迷路了，靠着包里的地图最后回到了家。后来才知道那张地图是叔叔家孩子Linda 画的蜘蛛侠。作者原来是靠着坚强的意志回到了家。
1．According to the passage, the writer climbed the mountain alone because ________．
A．no one wanted to go with him
B．his uncle encouraged him to do so
C．he wanted to try an unusual and exciting experience
D．he had a map in his bag
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，叔叔不赞成作者去探险，排除B项；由下文可知，书包里不是地图，排除D项；A项文中未提及；所以根据作者的特点可以推知，是想尝试一次不寻常的和令人兴奋的经历。
2．How did the writer protect himself from the sudden wind?
A．He hid himself in the sleeping bag．
B．He could do nothing but call for help．
C．He crawled to the top of the mountain．
D．He hurried to search for a place to hide in．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的I had to find a shelter to hide my sleeping bag inside． An hour later, I crawled(爬) out and looked around．可知，作者找了一个地方藏了起来。
3．With ________， the writer returned home smoothly．
A．the map his uncle put in his sleeping bag
B．his determination
C．the painting his cousin prepared for him
D．his uncle’s instruction
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的but due to your strong will to deal with the problem可知，是作者坚强的意志帮助他回到了家。
4．From the passage we learn that the author is __________．
A．thoughtful B．strict
C．warm-hearted D．adventurous
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者的叔叔警告过作者，作者还是去了，说明作者具有冒险精神。故选D项。
完形填空
13-year-old Frank had received many presents he wanted．But Frank was not__1__because this was his first Christmas without his brother．Frank said to his parents that he would__2__to see a friend．__3__it was cold outside, Frank put on his new jacket and took presents on his new sled(雪橇)．
As Frank walked, he saw a house with the__4__hanging over a fireplace．A woman was seated near them__5__．The stockings reminded Frank of the ones beside him and his brother．A sudden thought__6__Frank．
So he knocked on the door．“__7__？” the sad voice of the woman answered．“May I come in？” “Please，” she said, seeing his__8__full of gifts, and thinking he was making a collection, “but I have no food or gifts for you．I even have__9__for my own children．”
“That’s not why I am here，” Frank replied．“Please__10__any present you like for your children from this sled．”
“Why, God bless(保佑) you！” the__11__woman answered．She chose until the stockings were full．“Won’t you tell me your__12__？” she asked．“Just call me the Christmas Scout，” Frank replied．
The visit__13__the boy touched, with an unexpected__14__in his heart．He understood that his sorrow(悲伤) was not the only sorrow．He__15__all the gifts, including the new jacket．
“Where are your presents, Frank？” asked his father as he__16__the house．“I handed them out to other children．”
“Frank, how could you do so？” his mother asked in anger．The next morning, he came downstairs and__17__his parents listening to Christmas news on the radio．Then the announcer spoke: “Merry Christmas! Several families__18__their children were made happy by the gifts from a boy．No one could__19__him．” Frank felt his father’s arms go around his shoulders, and he saw his mother smiling__20__her tears．
【解题导语】 13岁的弗兰克在圣诞节得到了很多礼物，但是他不快乐，因为他失去了弟弟。弗兰克出门去把礼物分给了几个买不起圣诞礼物的家庭，给别人带去了快乐，也使自己变得快乐了。
1．A．lovely B．astonished
C．lonely D．happy
D 解析：由该空后“this was his first Christmas without his brother” 可知， 弗兰克不高兴。
2．A．leave B．turn
C．grow D．become
A 解析：leave“离开”。弗兰克想离开家去看望朋友。由后面的准备可知。
3．A．When B．Since
C．Where D．Though
B 解析：since“因为； 由于； 既然”。因为外面很冷， 他穿上了新夹克， 把礼物放到了雪橇上。
4．A．presents B．light
C．stockings D．tree
C 解析：stockings“长筒袜”。该空与下文的The stockings对应， 也符合圣诞节的习俗。
5．A．sleeping B．crying
C．smiling D．laughing
B 解析：由下文的“the sad voice” 可知， 此处是cry。
6．A．appeared B．worried
C．occurred D．struck
D 解析：strike“突然想到； 一下子想起； 猛地意识到”。此处指弗兰克突然有了一个想法。
7．A．Why B．What
C．Yes D．When
C 解析：由该空前后语境可知， 该处是那位女士的应答之语， 所以选C项。Yes？表示礼貌地应答呼唤。
8．A．stocking B．pocket
C．sled D．bag
C 解析：由该空后的full of gifts联系到上文的sled。
9．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
B 解析：我没有食物， 也没有礼物给你。我甚至“没有什么” 给自己的孩子们。
10．A．buy B．borrow
C．bring D．choose
D 解析：choose“挑选”。该空与下文的“chose” 对应。
11．A．amazed B．encouraged
C．tired D．bored
A 解析：amazed“吃惊的”。听到有人来送礼物， 该女士很吃惊。
12．A．address B．name
C．number D．school
B 解析：由该空后的答语“Just call me the Christmas Scout” 可知， 问的是“名字”。
13．A．started B．left
C．felt D．performed
B 解析：此处是“leave＋宾语(the boy)＋补语(touched)”。只有leave可构成这种结构。
14．A．joy B．surprise
C．sorrow D．disappointment
A 解析：joy“高兴”。
15．A．took away B．gave up
C．gave away D．picked up
C 解析：give away“赠送， 捐赠”。
16．A．visited B．came
C．passed D．entered
D 解析：enter“进入； 进来”。enter the house此处指“回到家中”。
17．A．made B．caught
C．went D．suggested
B 解析：catch sb． doing sth．“发现某人正在做某事”。弗兰克发现父母在听收音机。
18．A．believed B．complained
C．reported D．forecast
C 解析：report“报告； 通报”。此处指“有几家人报告说”。
19．A．respect B．remember
C．realize D．recognize
D 解析：recognize“认识； 认出”。没人认识这位男孩。
20．A．by B．besides
C．without D．through
D 解析：父亲搂住了弗兰克， 而母亲边笑边流泪。
B卷
阅读理解
A
It’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie． I still cannot decide what to give her． She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to． I can always depend on her to be the first to arrive to give me advice when I have problems． I guess I am so lucky to have her as a friend．
It’s more than seven years since I first met Susie in our school． I joined the theater group and she was a director then． At first I thought she was intimidating but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image in order for her actors and actresses to take her seriously． And then during practice I got a chance to know her better． In fact, she was a friendly and warm-hearted person． Soon we become good friends．
I don’t know exactly what to give my friend on her birthday as I believe she has everything． So it’s really hard to buy her a gift she will like． This year I want something different and special but I don’t know what to give． One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where you can buy all kinds of gifts．
I scanned(浏览)some of their items and I found cool and exciting gifts． I chose a special personalized bracelet(手镯)． I’m sure that this will look perfect on her． I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll forever be friends． I can’t wait to give her my gift but I won’t tell her yet． I don’t want to destroy the surprise．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了作者的一个亲密的朋友，讲述了两个人之间的友谊。
1．Why does the author consider Susie as a rare friend?
A．Susie is good at solving problems．
B．She and the author have lots of things to talk about．
C．Susie is a friendly and warm-hearted person．
D．She can always offer help when the author is in need．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段提到的She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to．可知，当我需要时她总是在我身边。故选D项。
2．Finally the author found a nice gift for her friend ________．
A．with the help of somebody else
B．while going online
C．while doing shopping in a store
D．without difficulty
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的One day I searched the Internet．．．和第四段的I scanned(浏览) some of their items．．．可知，作者是网购的礼物。故选B项。
3．The author wanted to put her and her friend’s names in the bracelet in order to ________．
A．give her friend a big surprise
B．make the present more special
C．remind her friend of their difference between them
D．make her friend remember their friendship forever
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段提到的I’m sure that this will look perfect on her．I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll forever be friends．可知为的是永远记住这段友谊。故选D项。
B
Katya knew she was not good at basketball, but she decided to try out for the basketball team anyway． She hoped she would improve with practice． When the team roster was posted the next day, Katya’s name was not on the list．
Basketball was the latest of Katya’s failures． Soccer was fun, but Katya was always bumping into her teammates． She had also tried art, but she drew even worse．
Katya was good at reading though． She read about all kinds of sports． She also read about art． Then one day she found a book about photography in the library． She couldn’t take her eyes off the beautiful black-and-white photos, and she imagined herself taking pictures．
Katya’s brother, Alex, had an old camera． Katya began to take photos． One afternoon she showed up at basketball practice and took photos of her friends playing ball． Three days later the pictures were ready．Katya decided to show the photos to Alex． He took the packet and laid all the photos on the table． He looked at each shot for a long time． Then he pointed to one of the pictures． “That’s a great shot． I think you’ve found something you’re really good at，” he said．
In the photo Katya’s friend Kim was shooting a basketball． Her feel was high off the floor, and her arms were above her head in a position that made Kim look like a ballerina． Actually, her friend looked more like a dancer than a ballplayer．
Katya smiled．“So this is what it feels like to be good at doing something you like，” she thought．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩Katya经过尝试足球、艺术、篮球等一系列失败，最后终于发现了自己擅长做的事——摄影。
4．Who helps Katya realize that there is something she can do well?
A．Her friend． B．Her teammates．
C．Her brother． D．Her coach
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段和第五段的内容可知，她的哥哥帮她找到了她最擅长做的事情。故选C项。
5．What does the underlined word “roster” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Team． B．Name．
C．List． D．Day．
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据后一句“Katya’s name was not on the list．”不难看出，此处指她的名字没有出现在篮球队的名单上。故选C项。
6．Why does the author compare the basketball player in one of Katya’s photos to a ballet dancer?
A．The basketball player looks beautiful．
B．The photo is in black and white．
C．The photo was taken at a theater．
D．The basketball player is wearing a uniform．
A 解析：推理判断题。对比是为了说明篮球运动员动作的美丽，就如同舞蹈演员一样。这进一步突出Katya最擅长拍摄照片。故选A项。
七选五
How Helping Others Benefits You
Everyone wants to lead a happy and fulfilling life, so it’s natural to want to put yourself and your health first! However, helping other people can also directly help you at the same time．
Here are a few ways that helping others can benefit you：
·Attract more back to you
When you give, you’re more likely to receive． You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course．1．________． Maybe you’ll come across some good fortune．
·Bring you a good feeling
If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face．2．________．
·Heighten self-esteem
When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem． A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments．3．________．
·4．________
After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases． The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life．
·Be more positive about your own situation
Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic． You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own． Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults．5．________．
Seek out opportunities, today, to help others． You’ll be glad you did!
A．Strengthen confidence
B．Make a difference
C．It may help you to start seeing everything in a more positive light
D．Maybe a friend will unexpectedly return a favor
E．It also builds confidence in bigger and better things
F．Just by completing a giving act, you receive positive feelings in your life
G．It makes you feel surprised to know that you’ve made a difference in the world
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何帮助别人对自己有好处。
1．D 解析：根据小标题和上文的When you give, you’re more likely to receive．可知，你付出时，更可能获得回报。与D项吻合。
2．F 解析：根据上文的You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face．可知，帮助了别人，你会得到好的感觉，与F项吻合。
3．E 解析：根据上文的A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments．可知与E项吻合。
4．A 解析：根据下文的After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases．可知，做好事帮助别人会让你感到自信。与A项吻合。
5．C 解析：根据小标题Be more positive about your own situation可知，做好事会让你积极地看待生活，与C项吻合。
短文改错
There was a time when John and I was good friends, but now we are like stranger． On his first day in our class two years ago, he had no one to talk． I was the first one to say hello to her, so we became friends． John did good in math and why he was always ready to help me with it． One day last month, I told him what I would be away from school for two days to see a friend． But he told my father about it，so I felt angrily． Now, I decide to say sorry for him, because I don’t want to lose so a good friend．
答案：
There was a time when John and I good friends, but now we are like ． On his first day in our class two years ago, he had no one to talk ． I was the first one to say hello to ， so we became friends． John did in math and he was always ready to help me with it． One day last month, I told him I would be away from school for two days to see a friend． But he told my father about it，so I felt ． Now, I decide to say sorry him, because I don’t want to lose a good friend．
课件53张PPT。Unit 8 Adventure本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Keeping a house is a ____________(令人疲倦的) job．
答案：tiring
2．That hard chair is ____________(不舒服的) to sit on．
答案：uncomfortable
3．We weren’t sure about which ____________(路线) we should take．
答案：route
4．You are only allowed one piece of hand ____________(行李)．
答案：luggage
5．A terrible accident happened in the ____________(较重要的) road yesterday．
答案：major
6．Each of us goes ____________(疯狂的) with joy at the news．
答案：wild
7．I want some ice water．Is it at ____________(额外的) charge?
答案：extra
8．She is ____________(焦急的) to know what happened to the new manager．
答案：anxious
9．The use of the word “cost” ____________(有区别) from the word “spend”．
答案：differs
10．After all，school is not a race but an ____________(冒险) in learning．
答案：adventure
单句改错
1．Most of the people are tired from such films．____________________
答案：from→of
2．As a matter of fact, he had no option but leave the city．____________________
答案：leave前加to
3．It is said that the young man majored maths while at college．____________________
答案：majored后加in
4．The manager as well as the employees are waiting for the result．____________________
答案：are→is
5．The mother was anxious with her son’s safety．____________________
答案：with→about
完成句子
1．告诉正在外面玩耍的孩子不要弄出太多噪音。
Tell the children ________________ not to make too much noise．
答案：playing outside
2．冬天的风会很冷的。
In winter the winds ________________．
答案：can be very cold
3．横穿街道时务必小心。
Be careful ________________________．
答案：when crossing the street
4．她听到可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
She heard a terrible noise，________________________ into her mouth．
答案：which brought her heart
5．我喜欢在这家出版社出版的大部分图书。
I like most of the books ________________________________．
答案：published in this publishing house
课文语法填空
Hiking trips can be 1．____________(comfort) and even dangerous．However，at Adventure 2000 the people there understand the needs of 2．____________(hike)．All the guides have much experience and they know all the best routes and best places 3．____________(camp)．As well as the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters 4．____________ carry your luggage which means that you can 5．____________(simple) enjoy the experience．
The people there also think good 6．____________(arrange) are important．In Beijing and Lhasa，they have accommodation in 7．____________(comfort) hotels． You have optional 8．____________(choose)．There is a trip to Western China or you can spend some time 9．____________ the coast．
There is a Class A hike—you have to be fit．There are walks of six to eight hours，10．____________ a maximum altitude of 5，545 metres．Hikes are between October and May and maximum group size is 15 people．
答案：1．uncomfortable 2．hikers 3．to camp 4．who
5．simply 6．arrangements 7．comfortable 8．choices
9．on 10．with
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Unless ____________(ask) to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in class．
答案：asked
2．Charlie, ____________(live) in Paris for years, decided to return to London．
答案：having lived
3．I as well as my parents ____________(be) fond of music．
答案：am
4．I don’t wonder you were anxious ____________(avoid) the conflict．
答案：to avoid
5．Whether it rains or not makes no ____________(differ) to me．
答案：difference
6．Do you prefer ____________(stay) at home or going out with me?
答案：staying
7．We all went to Shanghai, ____________(include) my mother．
答案：including
8．We have shared the same historical ____________(experience)．
答案：experiences
9．It’s very ____________(tire) after a long ride in the train．
答案：tiring
10．I major ____________ engineering, but this machine is hard to handle．
答案：in
阅读理解
I liked adventure． Once I decided to climb a mountain and asked my uncle for advice． He said，“Unfortunately, I am so busy these days． But if no one leads, you are likely to be lost．”
I said，“What am I afraid of? If lost, I will call you for help．” He said with a smile，“Well, I hope you will not get lost． Good luck．” I confidently said，“I think I’ll certainly be able to return safely．”
I finally set off by myself． Everything was very smooth at first． When I came close to the top, a sudden strong wind burst． I had to find a shelter to hide my sleeping bag inside． An hour later, I crawled(爬) out and looked around． All the places were so familiar and those roads appeared to extend in all directions． What should I do? I decided to call for help, but except the sleeping bag, there was nothing left．
Going on in my despair(绝望), suddenly I found a map from the sleeping bag． Could that be put by Uncle? Anyway, I followed the directions on the map and succeeded in finding a smooth way home．
Stepping into the house, I was pleased to see Uncle again and said excitedly，“Today, thanks to your map, or I really could not return home． My baggage, including my mobile phone, was blown away．”
Strangely Uncle asked，“The map？”I said，“The one you put in my sleeping bag．” Seeing the map, Uncle suddenly laughed again, “This is your 4-year-old cousin Linda’s painting of a Super Spider-Man．”
I was surprised, “However, I really got this ‘map’ to find it down the road．”
Uncle said，“You can come down the mountain successfully, not due to the map, but due to your strong will to deal with the problem！”
【解题导语】 作者去探险，迷路了，靠着包里的地图最后回到了家。后来才知道那张地图是叔叔家孩子Linda 画的蜘蛛侠。作者原来是靠着坚强的意志回到了家。
1．According to the passage, the writer climbed the mountain alone because ________．
A．no one wanted to go with him
B．his uncle encouraged him to do so
C．he wanted to try an unusual and exciting experience
D．he had a map in his bag
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，叔叔不赞成作者去探险，排除B项；由下文可知，书包里不是地图，排除D项；A项文中未提及；所以根据作者的特点可以推知，是想尝试一次不寻常的和令人兴奋的经历。
2．How did the writer protect himself from the sudden wind?
A．He hid himself in the sleeping bag．
B．He could do nothing but call for help．
C．He crawled to the top of the mountain．
D．He hurried to search for a place to hide in．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的I had to find a shelter to hide my sleeping bag inside． An hour later, I crawled(爬) out and looked around．可知，作者找了一个地方藏了起来。
3．With ________， the writer returned home smoothly．
A．the map his uncle put in his sleeping bag
B．his determination
C．the painting his cousin prepared for him
D．his uncle’s instruction
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的but due to your strong will to deal with the problem可知，是作者坚强的意志帮助他回到了家。
4．From the passage we learn that the author is __________．
A．thoughtful B．strict
C．warm-hearted D．adventurous
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者的叔叔警告过作者，作者还是去了，说明作者具有冒险精神。故选D项。
完形填空
13-year-old Frank had received many presents he wanted．But Frank was not__1__because this was his first Christmas without his brother．Frank said to his parents that he would__2__to see a friend．__3__it was cold outside, Frank put on his new jacket and took presents on his new sled(雪橇)．
As Frank walked, he saw a house with the__4__hanging over a fireplace．A woman was seated near them__5__．The stockings reminded Frank of the ones beside him and his brother．A sudden thought__6__Frank．
So he knocked on the door．“__7__？” the sad voice of the woman answered．“May I come in？” “Please，” she said, seeing his__8__full of gifts, and thinking he was making a collection, “but I have no food or gifts for you．I even have__9__for my own children．”
“That’s not why I am here，” Frank replied．“Please__10__any present you like for your children from this sled．”
“Why, God bless(保佑) you！” the__11__woman answered．She chose until the stockings were full．“Won’t you tell me your__12__？” she asked．“Just call me the Christmas Scout，” Frank replied．
The visit__13__the boy touched, with an unexpected__14__in his heart．He understood that his sorrow(悲伤) was not the only sorrow．He__15__all the gifts, including the new jacket．
“Where are your presents, Frank？” asked his father as he__16__the house．“I handed them out to other children．”
“Frank, how could you do so？” his mother asked in anger．The next morning, he came downstairs and__17__his parents listening to Christmas news on the radio．Then the announcer spoke: “Merry Christmas! Several families__18__their children were made happy by the gifts from a boy．No one could__19__him．” Frank felt his father’s arms go around his shoulders, and he saw his mother smiling__20__her tears．
【解题导语】 13岁的弗兰克在圣诞节得到了很多礼物，但是他不快乐，因为他失去了弟弟。弗兰克出门去把礼物分给了几个买不起圣诞礼物的家庭，给别人带去了快乐，也使自己变得快乐了。
1．A．lovely B．astonished
C．lonely D．happy
D 解析：由该空后“this was his first Christmas without his brother” 可知， 弗兰克不高兴。
2．A．leave B．turn
C．grow D．become
A 解析：leave“离开”。弗兰克想离开家去看望朋友。由后面的准备可知。
3．A．When B．Since
C．Where D．Though
B 解析：since“因为； 由于； 既然”。因为外面很冷， 他穿上了新夹克， 把礼物放到了雪橇上。
4．A．presents B．light
C．stockings D．tree
C 解析：stockings“长筒袜”。该空与下文的The stockings对应， 也符合圣诞节的习俗。
5．A．sleeping B．crying
C．smiling D．laughing
B 解析：由下文的“the sad voice” 可知， 此处是cry。
6．A．appeared B．worried
C．occurred D．struck
D 解析：strike“突然想到； 一下子想起； 猛地意识到”。此处指弗兰克突然有了一个想法。
7．A．Why B．What
C．Yes D．When
C 解析：由该空前后语境可知， 该处是那位女士的应答之语， 所以选C项。Yes？表示礼貌地应答呼唤。
8．A．stocking B．pocket
C．sled D．bag
C 解析：由该空后的full of gifts联系到上文的sled。
9．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
B 解析：我没有食物， 也没有礼物给你。我甚至“没有什么” 给自己的孩子们。
10．A．buy B．borrow
C．bring D．choose
D 解析：choose“挑选”。该空与下文的“chose” 对应。
11．A．amazed B．encouraged
C．tired D．bored
A 解析：amazed“吃惊的”。听到有人来送礼物， 该女士很吃惊。
12．A．address B．name
C．number D．school
B 解析：由该空后的答语“Just call me the Christmas Scout” 可知， 问的是“名字”。
13．A．started B．left
C．felt D．performed
B 解析：此处是“leave＋宾语(the boy)＋补语(touched)”。只有leave可构成这种结构。
14．A．joy B．surprise
C．sorrow D．disappointment
A 解析：joy“高兴”。
15．A．took away B．gave up
C．gave away D．picked up
C 解析：give away“赠送， 捐赠”。
16．A．visited B．came
C．passed D．entered
D 解析：enter“进入； 进来”。enter the house此处指“回到家中”。
17．A．made B．caught
C．went D．suggested
B 解析：catch sb． doing sth．“发现某人正在做某事”。弗兰克发现父母在听收音机。
18．A．believed B．complained
C．reported D．forecast
C 解析：report“报告； 通报”。此处指“有几家人报告说”。
19．A．respect B．remember
C．realize D．recognize
D 解析：recognize“认识； 认出”。没人认识这位男孩。
20．A．by B．besides
C．without D．through
D 解析：父亲搂住了弗兰克， 而母亲边笑边流泪。
B卷
阅读理解
A
It’ll soon be the birthday of one of my closest friends, Susie． I still cannot decide what to give her． She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to． I can always depend on her to be the first to arrive to give me advice when I have problems． I guess I am so lucky to have her as a friend．
It’s more than seven years since I first met Susie in our school． I joined the theater group and she was a director then． At first I thought she was intimidating but in the end I realized that she needed to keep a strict image in order for her actors and actresses to take her seriously． And then during practice I got a chance to know her better． In fact, she was a friendly and warm-hearted person． Soon we become good friends．
I don’t know exactly what to give my friend on her birthday as I believe she has everything． So it’s really hard to buy her a gift she will like． This year I want something different and special but I don’t know what to give． One day I searched the Internet without any purpose and to my surprise there is a really lovely site where you can buy all kinds of gifts．
I scanned(浏览)some of their items and I found cool and exciting gifts． I chose a special personalized bracelet(手镯)． I’m sure that this will look perfect on her． I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll forever be friends． I can’t wait to give her my gift but I won’t tell her yet． I don’t want to destroy the surprise．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了作者的一个亲密的朋友，讲述了两个人之间的友谊。
1．Why does the author consider Susie as a rare friend?
A．Susie is good at solving problems．
B．She and the author have lots of things to talk about．
C．Susie is a friendly and warm-hearted person．
D．She can always offer help when the author is in need．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段提到的She’s a rare friend because she has been there for me all the time whenever I need a friend to talk to．可知，当我需要时她总是在我身边。故选D项。
2．Finally the author found a nice gift for her friend ________．
A．with the help of somebody else
B．while going online
C．while doing shopping in a store
D．without difficulty
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的One day I searched the Internet．．．和第四段的I scanned(浏览) some of their items．．．可知，作者是网购的礼物。故选B项。
3．The author wanted to put her and her friend’s names in the bracelet in order to ________．
A．give her friend a big surprise
B．make the present more special
C．remind her friend of their difference between them
D．make her friend remember their friendship forever
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段提到的I’m sure that this will look perfect on her．I put our names as part of the design of the bracelet so that it’ll remind us that we’ll forever be friends．可知为的是永远记住这段友谊。故选D项。
B
Katya knew she was not good at basketball, but she decided to try out for the basketball team anyway． She hoped she would improve with practice． When the team roster was posted the next day, Katya’s name was not on the list．
Basketball was the latest of Katya’s failures． Soccer was fun, but Katya was always bumping into her teammates． She had also tried art, but she drew even worse．
Katya was good at reading though． She read about all kinds of sports． She also read about art． Then one day she found a book about photography in the library． She couldn’t take her eyes off the beautiful black-and-white photos, and she imagined herself taking pictures．
Katya’s brother, Alex, had an old camera． Katya began to take photos． One afternoon she showed up at basketball practice and took photos of her friends playing ball． Three days later the pictures were ready．Katya decided to show the photos to Alex． He took the packet and laid all the photos on the table． He looked at each shot for a long time． Then he pointed to one of the pictures． “That’s a great shot． I think you’ve found something you’re really good at，” he said．
In the photo Katya’s friend Kim was shooting a basketball． Her feel was high off the floor, and her arms were above her head in a position that made Kim look like a ballerina． Actually, her friend looked more like a dancer than a ballplayer．
Katya smiled．“So this is what it feels like to be good at doing something you like，” she thought．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩Katya经过尝试足球、艺术、篮球等一系列失败，最后终于发现了自己擅长做的事——摄影。
4．Who helps Katya realize that there is something she can do well?
A．Her friend． B．Her teammates．
C．Her brother． D．Her coach
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段和第五段的内容可知，她的哥哥帮她找到了她最擅长做的事情。故选C项。
5．What does the underlined word “roster” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Team． B．Name．
C．List． D．Day．
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据后一句“Katya’s name was not on the list．”不难看出，此处指她的名字没有出现在篮球队的名单上。故选C项。
6．Why does the author compare the basketball player in one of Katya’s photos to a ballet dancer?
A．The basketball player looks beautiful．
B．The photo is in black and white．
C．The photo was taken at a theater．
D．The basketball player is wearing a uniform．
A 解析：推理判断题。对比是为了说明篮球运动员动作的美丽，就如同舞蹈演员一样。这进一步突出Katya最擅长拍摄照片。故选A项。
七选五
How Helping Others Benefits You
Everyone wants to lead a happy and fulfilling life, so it’s natural to want to put yourself and your health first! However, helping other people can also directly help you at the same time．
Here are a few ways that helping others can benefit you：
·Attract more back to you
When you give, you’re more likely to receive． You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course．1．________． Maybe you’ll come across some good fortune．
·Bring you a good feeling
If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face．2．________．
·Heighten self-esteem
When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem． A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments．3．________．
·4．________
After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases． The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life．
·Be more positive about your own situation
Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic． You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own． Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults．5．________．
Seek out opportunities, today, to help others． You’ll be glad you did!
A．Strengthen confidence
B．Make a difference
C．It may help you to start seeing everything in a more positive light
D．Maybe a friend will unexpectedly return a favor
E．It also builds confidence in bigger and better things
F．Just by completing a giving act, you receive positive feelings in your life
G．It makes you feel surprised to know that you’ve made a difference in the world
【解题导语】 本文介绍了如何帮助别人对自己有好处。
1．D 解析：根据小标题和上文的When you give, you’re more likely to receive．可知，你付出时，更可能获得回报。与D项吻合。
2．F 解析：根据上文的You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face．可知，帮助了别人，你会得到好的感觉，与F项吻合。
3．E 解析：根据上文的A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments．可知与E项吻合。
4．A 解析：根据下文的After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases．可知，做好事帮助别人会让你感到自信。与A项吻合。
5．C 解析：根据小标题Be more positive about your own situation可知，做好事会让你积极地看待生活，与C项吻合。
短文改错
There was a time when John and I was good friends, but now we are like stranger． On his first day in our class two years ago, he had no one to talk． I was the first one to say hello to her, so we became friends． John did good in math and why he was always ready to help me with it． One day last month, I told him what I would be away from school for two days to see a friend． But he told my father about it，so I felt angrily． Now, I decide to say sorry for him, because I don’t want to lose so a good friend．
答案：
There was a time when John and I good friends, but now we are like ． On his first day in our class two years ago, he had no one to talk ． I was the first one to say hello to ， so we became friends． John did in math and he was always ready to help me with it． One day last month, I told him I would be away from school for two days to see a friend． But he told my father about it，so I felt ． Now, I decide to say sorry him, because I don’t want to lose a good friend．
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
1．risk vt． 冒……的危险
2．flow vi． 流动，涌出
3．quantity n． 量，数量
4．extreme adj．极度的，极端的→extremely adv．极度地
5．similarity n．相似性，类似性→similar adj．相似的→similarly adv．类似地
6．exactly adv．确切地，精确地→exact adj．确切的
7．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite vt．使兴奋→excited adj．兴奋的→exciting adj．令人兴奋的
8．various adj．不同的，各种各样的→vary vt．使不同→variety n．多种多样
9．equipment n．配备，设备→equip vt．使配备
10．preference n．较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer vt．更喜欢
11．amaze vt．使惊愕(惊奇)→amazing adj．令人惊讶的→amazed adj．惊讶的
12．confuse vt．使困惑→confusing adj．令人困惑的→confused adj．困惑的
13．wealthy adj．富有的，富裕的→wealth n．财富
14．statement n．陈述→state vt．陈述
1．in__order__to__do__something 目的是，以便
2．upside__down 颠倒地，倒置地
3．turn__up 出现，到场
4．back__out 决定不履行(允诺的事)
5．get__across 使理解(某事)
6．in__turn 轮流
7．break__out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
8．put．．．into__prison 把……关进监狱
9．stand__by 坚持(某种说法)
1．so．．．that．．．如此……以至于……
When I turned up for my first jump I was so__nervous__that(如此紧张以至于) I tried to back out．．．
2．see．．．doing．．．看到……正在做……
Why was Marco surprised to see__people__using__paper__money(看到人们正在使用纸币)?
3．although引导让步状语从句
Although__people__enjoyed__reading__his__book(虽然人们喜欢读他的书), many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were．．．
4．too．．．to．．．太……而不能……
．．．many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were too__fantastic__to__be__true(太离奇而不可信)．
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text．
1．Marco was sent to do many important tasks ________．
A．because he was Kublai Khan’s friend
B．so that he could learn to speak more languages
C．and then he gave Kublai Khan a good impression
D．because he was clever enough to be an official
2．What hadn’t Marco seen before he came to China?
A．Gold． B．Large halls．
C．Paper money． D．Silver．
3．________ seemed strange to Marco．
A．That the Hall could be large enough to seat 6，000 people
B．That people paid for goods with gold and silver
C．That people used something he didn’t know to burn for fuel
D．That the Summer Palace could be so beautiful
4．After leaving China，Marco ________．
A．became a poor man
B．fought in a war
C．declared a war
D．joined the army and became a soldier
答案：1－4．DCCB
Marco Polo and His Travels
Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254．When he was 17 years old, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade① with the Chinese②．Eventually③， they arrived in Beijing． At that time, China was ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor④， Kublai Khan．
Kublai Khan welcomed Marco and his father． He was very happy to meet two foreigners⑤ and wanted to learn all about Europe． Marco and his father were guests at the Emperor’s Palace． Although Marco was young, he was very clever and could already speak four languages． The Emperor was impressed⑥ by him and they became friends． He asked Marco to serve⑦ in his court⑧ and sent him to do many important tasks across the country．
Marco, in turn⑨， was amazed⑩ by how beautiful and powerful China was． He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperor’s Palace, especially? the Summer Palace which he described as “The greatest palace that ever was．．．? The walls were covered in gold and silver and the Hall was so large it could easily seat? 6，000 people for dinner．”
There were inventions and developments in China which were not available? in Europe at that time?．Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets?．In Europe, people paid for? goods? with gold or silver． He could not understand how people could pay for food and valuable things with paper! He was also confused? by the black stones people used to burn for fuel?． The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before！
①trade v．做买卖 n．买卖；交易；
trade with sb． in sth．同某人做某方面的生意
②此处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰his father。
③eventually adv．最后，终于
④emperor['emp?r?] n．皇帝
⑤此处的不定式短语表示原因。
⑥impress vt．给……以深刻印象；
be impressed by．．．对……印象深刻；
impression n．印象
⑦serve v．为……服务；任职
⑧court[k??t] n．宫廷；法庭
⑨in turn轮流；by turns轮流地；
take turns轮流；
in return作为回报
⑩amaze[?'meIz] vt．使惊愕(惊奇)；
amazed adj．吃惊的；
amazing adj．令人惊讶的；
be amazed by/at．．．对……感到惊讶
?especially adv．尤其，特别；specially adv．专门地
?which引导定语从句，修饰the Summer Palace。
?seat vt．使……就座；sit vi．坐
?available adj．可获得的
?which引导定语从句，修饰inventions and developments。
?此处的现在分词作宾补。
?pay for．．．为……付钱
?goods[ɡ?dz] n．商品，物品
?confuse[k?n'fju?z] vt．使困惑；
be confused by．．．对……感到困惑
?fuel[fj??l] n．燃料
马可·波罗和他的旅行
1254年，马可·波罗生于意大利。17岁时，他和爸爸周游了欧洲和亚洲。他爸爸想与中国人做生意。最后，他们来到北京。那时，统治中国的是元朝的元世祖忽必烈。
元世祖欢迎马可·波罗和他父亲来中国。他见到两个外国人非常高兴，并想了解欧洲所有情况。马可·波罗和他父亲是皇宫的贵宾。尽管马可很年轻，但他聪明伶俐，已会讲四种语言。皇帝对他印象很深，而且他们成为了朋友。他让马可·波罗在朝中任职，并派他出国做许多重要的事。
马可同时也被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。北京和皇宫深深打动了他。尤其是颐和园，他描述为“绝无仅有的最雄伟的宫殿……”墙壁都用金银包着，大厅大到可以轻松地容纳6千人一起用餐。
在当时，中国的发明和发展是欧洲无法达到的。马可看到中国人在市场上用纸币，感到无比惊奇。在欧洲，人们用黄金或白银买东西。他不明白，人们如何能用纸买食物和贵重的东西！他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。黑色石头是煤，但马可以前从未见过！
In 1291, after 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco returned to Italy．He was now a very wealthy( man． Not long after his return, a local war broke out(near his town． During the war, Marco was the captain of a warship but was caught by the enemy and put into prison(．However, Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China(．The prisoner was an author( and he took dictation(while Marco told all his stories to him． The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World(，which became one of the best-selling books in Europe(．
Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were too fantastic( to be true．But Marco always stood by( his tales．Just before he died, aged( 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true？”，to which he replied(，“I have only told a half of what I saw(！”
wealthy['welθi] adj．富有的，富裕的；
wealth n．财富；丰富
break out(坏事)突然发生，爆发
put．．．into prison把……关进监狱；be in prison被监禁
who引导定语从句，修饰another prisoner。
author['??θ?] n．作者
dictation[dIk'teI??n] n．口述；听写
此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
此处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的a book。
fantastic adj．富于想象的
stand by坚持(某种说法)；stand out 显眼；stand for代表
aged adj．……岁的
to which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the question。reply to．．．回答……
what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
1291年，在朝中任职17年后，马可回到意大利。他现在是一位有钱人。他返回之后不久，一场区域性的战争在他家乡附近爆发。战争中，马可是一支军舰的首领，但被敌人俘获关进了监狱。然而，马可很幸运，他遇见另一名很爱听他讲中国故事的囚犯。这名囚犯是一名作家，马可给他讲故事的时候，他记下了马可的口述。后来，这名囚犯把故事写进一本叫《马可·波罗游记》的书，这本书成为欧洲最畅销的一本书。
虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可有关中国的故事太离奇而不可信。但马可总是坚持他所讲的故事是真的。他70岁快去世之前，有人问马可，“那都是真的吗？”，他回答，“我仅仅说了我看见的一半！”
risk vt．冒……的危险；使遭受危险 n．危险，风险
(教材P116)What makes people risk their lives to do them?
是什么使人们冒着生命的危险做极限运动呢？
(1)risk doing．．． 冒险做……
(2)at risk 处于危险中
at the risk of doing sth． 冒做某事的危险
run/take a risk/risks 冒险
run/take the risk of doing sth． 冒着做某事的危险
①New experiences often mean taking some risks．
新的实验通常意味着冒险。
②They knew they risked losing(lose) their jobs．
他们知道自己冒着失去工作的危险。
③We don’t want to run the risk of losing their business．
我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。
④You are running a big risk of driving(drive) so fast．
你开车这样快是在冒险。
various adj．不同的，各种各样的
(经典例句)Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons．
由于种种原因，每个来聚会的人都迟到了。
(1)vary vi． 变化；使不同
vary from．．．to．．． 从……到……不同
vary with．．． 随着……变化
(2)variety n． 变化，种类
a variety of 多种多样的
①The Internet makes us smarter over various kinds of things．
网络通过多种多样的事情使我们更聪明。
②Teachers shall vary(various) their lessons to make them more interesting．
为了增加趣味，教师应该使自己的课多样化。
③The prices of some goods vary with the season．
某些商品的价格随着季节的变化而变动。
④The planning laws vary from town to town．
各个城镇的规划法各不相同。
⑤Students are offered a variety(vary) of courses in this school．
这个学校为学生开设各种课程。
equipment n．配备，设备
(经典例句)You put on diving equipment and dive under a frozen lake．
你穿上潜水设备，潜入到冰冻的湖里。
(1)a piece of equipment 一件设备
(2)equip vt． 装备；配备
equip．．．with．．． 用……来装备
be equipped with．．． 配有……
①This is a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen．
这是一件有用的厨房设备。
②We need to equip our children with some special skills．
我们需要使我们的孩子具有一些特殊技能。
③Equipped(equip) with some food and drinks, the boys set off early．
带上食物和水，这些男孩很早就出发了。
The boss has equipped our workplace with a computer． We are very happy to have such equipment． To equip us with enough skills, we often use the new equipment to find some information．
preference n．较喜欢的东西，偏爱
(教材P25)Use these words to write sentences about your preferences． 用这些单词写出关于你爱好的句子。
(1)have a preference for．．． 偏爱……
in preference to．．． 优先于；更喜欢
(2)prefer v． 更喜欢，宁愿
prefer to do sth． 更喜欢/宁愿做某事
prefer sb． to do sth． 更喜欢某人做某事
①It’s really a matter of personal preference which you choose． 你选择哪一个纯粹是个人偏好的问题。
②The girl had a preference(prefer) for music while at college．
女孩在大学里时更喜欢音乐。
③I’d choose the small car in preference to the larger one．
我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。
④Do you prefer to__exercise(exercise) indoors or out of doors?
你更喜欢室内锻炼还是室外锻炼呢？
amaze vt．使惊愕(惊奇)
(教材P26)Marco，in turn，was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was．
马可同时也被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。
(1)amazed adj． 吃惊的，惊异的
be amazed at/by．．． 对……感到惊奇
be amazed to do．．． 做……感到惊奇
(2)amazing adj． 令人吃惊的
(3)amazement n． 惊讶，惊奇
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
①Eventually, I decided to follow her and what happened truly amazed me． 最后，我决定跟踪着她，接下来所发生的事情真的让我惊讶。
②I was amazed to__learn(learn) she was still writing her novel．
得知她仍然在写自己的小说，我感到惊讶。
③We listened to her amazing(amaze) story with great attention．
我们全神贯注地倾听她讲的惊人故事。
④To my amazement(amaze), I got the first prize．
使我吃惊的是，我得了一等奖。
To our amazement, he didn’t feel amazed at the amazing news told by his mother．
confuse vt．使困惑
(教材P26)He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel．
他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。
(1)confuse．．．with．．． 把……与……混淆
(2)confused adj． 困惑的，不解的
be confused by 被……搞糊涂了
(3)confusing adj． 令人困惑的
(4)confusion n． 困惑，不解
in confusion 困惑地，迷茫地
①I read the poem again and was confused．
我又把这首诗读了一遍，感到非常困惑。
②I can’t see how anyone could confuse you with another!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！
③The instructions on the box are very confusing(confuse)．
盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
④He gazed in confusion(confuse) at the strange sight．
他困惑地凝视着这种奇怪的景象。
They confused me by asking so many confusing questions． I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do．
quantity n．量，数量
(教材P27)He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities．
他来到一个大量生产钢铁的城市。
quantity and quality 数量和质量
a vast/large/small quantity of 大/少量的
quantities of 大量，许多的
in quantity/quantities 大量地，很多
①There is only a small quantity of wine left．
只剩下很少一点酒了。
②It is a bad year for new films, in terms of both quantity__and__quality．
今年的新电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。
③A large quantity of beer was sold yesterday．
昨天售出了大量的啤酒。
“a quantity of＋n．”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与of后面的名词在数上保持一致。而(large) quantities of修饰的无论是可数名词(单数或复数)还是不可数名词构成的短语作主语，谓语动词一律用复数。
④Quantities of food were(be) spread out on the table．
许多食品被摊放在桌子上。
turn up 出现，到场；调大，开大；找到，发现
(教材P25)When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it．
当我第一次出现在蹦极现场时，我很紧张以至于试图退出，但是我的朋友们说服我跳了下去。
turn down 拒绝；调小(音量)
turn in 上缴；上交
turn off 关掉
turn out 生产；证明是；出席(某项活动)；清空
turn over 翻页；移交；反复思考；翻身
turn to 转到；翻到；向……求助
①This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up．
这就跟等待一辆永远等不到的公共汽车差不多。
②Bill would turn up the TV in the other room．
比尔会把另一个房间里的电视声音开大。
③I have to get up and turn off the radio．
我必须起床关上收音机。
④Before this I should have smiled and turned her down．
在这之前，我本该笑着拒绝她。
get across 使理解(某事)
(教材P25)It’s difficult to get across how exciting it is!
很难理解这会有多刺激！
get sth．across to sb． 使某事被某人明白；
向某人传达某事
get about＝get around＝get round
到处旅行(走动)；(消息、谣言等)传开
get along/on (with) 进展；相处
get over 恢复过来；克服；战胜
get away (from) 逃脱；逃离；离开；摆脱；
离题；跑题
get through 熬过(困境)；接通电话；达到(标准)；通过(测试)
①He taught me how to get my idea across．
他教我怎么把我的想法表达得让人能够理解。
②We must get across the simple fact that drugs are dangerous． 我们必须弄清这个简单的事实：毒品是危险品。
③The news of their secret wedding soon got about．
他们秘密结婚的消息很快就传开了。
④Do you get on/along well with your aunt?
你和姑母相处得好吗？
⑤I dialed the number, but I couldn’t get through．
我拨了号码，但是打不通。
break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
(教材P26)Not long after his return，a local war broke out near his town．
他返回之后不久，一场区域性的战争在他家乡附近爆发。
break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break up 解散；打碎；驱散
①The Second World War broke out in September，1939．
第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。
②A quarrel broke__out between them when he told lies to her．
他向她撒了谎，两人吵了起来。
③The thief broke__into my house and stole my money．
小偷破门而入我家，偷了我的钱。
④The computer system broke__down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet．
我正在网上搜信息时电脑系统突然出故障了。
stand by 坚持(某种说法)；袖手旁观；支持
(教材P26)But Marco always stood by his tales．
但是马可总是坚持他所讲的故事是真的。
stand for 代表
stand out 突出；醒目
stand down 辞职；退下
①We can’t just stand by and watch her die．
我们不能袖手旁观，看着她死去。
②I don’t know what the letter stands for．
我并不知道这个字母代表什么。
③Their old orange car stood out from all the rest．
他们那辆橙色的旧车比其他轿车都醒目。
④She will be standing down as president at the end of the year．
年末她将从主席的职位上退下来。
(教材P26)Although Marco was young，he was very clever and could already speak four languages．
尽管马可很年轻，但他聪明伶俐，已会讲四种语言。
(1)句中的Although引导让步状语从句。although引导让步状语从句时，不和but连用，但可与yet, still 连用，常置于主句之前。
(2)although/though/as引导让步状语从句的用法区别：
①although须放在从句句首；
②though位置较灵活，可用于倒装结构；
③as必须用倒装结构。
①I don’t really like the author，although I admit his books are very exciting．
尽管我承认他的书令人兴奋，但是我的确不喜欢那位作者。
②Although he was ill，he still worked hard．
他虽然生病了，但仍努力工作。
③Child as/though he was，he did quite well．
他虽是个孩子，但干得很好。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)Although I don’t like him, but I often help him．去掉but
(2)Young although she is, she knows a lot about it．although→as/though
(教材P26)Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true．
虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可有关中国的故事太离奇而不可信。
句中的too．．．to．．．表示“太……而不能……”。
(1)can never/can’t＋动词＋too．．．＋to．．．意为“再……也不过分”。
(2)too．．．to．．．结构常可转换为“so＋adj．/adv．＋that-clause”结构。
(3)在too．．．to．．．结构中，若用ready，anxious，eager，glad，willing等形容词，则该结构不表示否定意义。
①The shoes are too badly broken to be mended．
那些鞋子破烂得不能修补。
②The box is too heavy for me to__carry(carry)．
箱子太沉，我搬不动。
③He’s too experienced an artist to__mind(mind) what the critics say．
他是一个经验丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。
④He is too old to do that work．
他年龄太大了，做不了那项工作。
⑤I’m too glad to__see(see) you again．
再次见到你我很高兴。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
The girl is so weak that she can’t carry the bag．
→The girl isn’t__strong__enough__to__carry__the__bag．
→The girl is__too__weak__to__carry__the__bag．
品句填词
1．There are many points of ____________(相似性) between the two men．
答案：similarity
2．Don’t go doing anything ____________(极端的) like leaving the country．
答案：extreme
3．She ____________(冒……的危险) her life to save the drowning child．
答案：risked
4．There has been snow today in ____________(不同的) parts of the country．
答案：various
5．Do you have enough ____________(设备) to do the job?
答案：equipment
6．I was ____________(使困惑) by the puzzle presented by my teacher．
答案：confused
7．Consumers need to spend more on food than __________(燃料)．
答案：fuel
8．He is a ____________(富有的) businessman．
答案：wealthy
9．This company is more concerned with quality than with ____________(数量)．
答案：quantity
10．It ____________(使惊愕) her that he could be so calm at such a time．
答案：amazed
单句改错
1．From his expression, I could tell that he was confusing．____________________
答案：confusing→confused
2．Most of us in our class went to see the amazed performance．____________________
答案：amazed→amazing
3．Large quantities of food was wasted by the company．____________________
答案：was→were
4．Will you risk lose your job by telling him the truth？____________________
答案：lose→losing
5．A lot of equipments will be sent to the new school soon．____________________
答案：equipments→equipment
完成句子
1．这条街太窄，大型货车不能通过。
The road is ________________ allow the passage of trucks．
答案：too narrow to
2．当时我不知道那件事，不过我后来知道了。
I did not know that then; I learned it later, ____________．
答案：though
3．他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。
He walks ________________ get there on time．
答案：too slowly to
4．英语太难，我学不好。
English is ________________________ learn well．
答案：too difficult for me to
5．即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
We’ll go hiking ________________________________．
答案：even though/if the weather is bad
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Stupid ____________ it sounds, I was so in love with her that I believed her．
答案：though/as
2．He was ____________ poor to buy a new coat．
答案：too
3．If you stick to these bad habits, you will risk ____________(lose) your health．
答案：losing
4．All of them arrive late for a ____________(vary) of reasons．
答案：variety
5．To his ____________(amaze)，the bee began to perform a dance．
答案：amazement
6．The driver got ____________(confuse) at the road signs．
答案：confused
7．Parents should not show ____________(prefer) for any one of their children．
答案：preference
8．She’s not worth ____________(get) angry with．
答案：getting
9．Small quantities of poison ____________(be) detected in the dead man’s stomach．
答案：were
10．He has not turned ____________ ever since we lent him money．
答案：up
阅读理解
A
Why do we dream？It’s a question researchers have been studying for years． Now new research suggests that some dreams may result from the brain’s effort to keep learning, even as we sleep．
In a study in Boston, 100 volunteers were trained for an hour on a maze(迷宫)．They tried to find their way through the difficult puzzle as quickly as possible． Then half of the volunteers were allowed to sleep for 90 minutes． The other half stayed awake, reading or relaxing． The ones who slept were asked to describe their dreams when they woke up．
After the rest, the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze． Those who hadn’t slept showed no improvement or did even worse after the break． Sleepers who didn’t report any maze related dreams did better but showed only a little improvement． However, four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement． They scored 10 times higher after sleeping and dreaming about the maze．
Even though the number of dreamers was small, the researchers noted that the gap in learning between the dreamers and non-dreamers was so wide that the finding was significant(有意义的)．
The dreamers had all performed poorly on the test before dreaming about it． That suggests that struggling with a task might be the trigger that leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it．
“It’s almost as if your brain is going through everything that happened today，”Dr Stickgold，a scientist at Harvard Medical School, said． “The things you’re obsessed (迷住) with are the ones that your brain forces you to continue to do with．”
【解题导语】 本文说明了通过研究发现的“做梦是在学习”的事实。
1．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Learning While You Dream
B．What Dreams Stand For
C．Dream a Good Dream
D．Dreams and Health
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第三句Now new research suggests that some dreams may result from the brain’s effort to keep learning, even as we sleep．可知，做梦是在学习。故选A项。
2．What were the volunteers asked to do after the rest?
A．To work on a new maze．
B．To continue to do the maze．
C．To talk with each other about their dreams．
D．To tell what they thought about the maze．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句After the rest, the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze．可知，只是继续走迷宫。故选B项。
3．According to the study, which group showed the greatest improvement?
A．Those who didn’t sleep．
B．Those who slept but didn’t dream．
C．Those who dreamed about the maze while sleeping．
D．Those who thought about the maze before falling asleep．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句中的four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement可知，睡觉时梦到迷宫的那些人展示出最大的提高。故选C项。
4．The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．chance B．cause
C．way D．idea
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后一句．．．leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it．可知，导致睡眠的大脑集中在这个任务上，致力于怎样处理它。所以，这可能是努力于一个任务的起因。故选B项。
B
Do you want a bit of an adventure? Would you like to discover all the corners of the UK, or travel abroad? Maybe you have never tried the motor home lifestyle before． Well, read this article and you will know why a motor home is a good choice．
Nothing is better than a motor home． It has so many uses that it is considered the most versatile vehicle and it is also very comfortable． If you are thinking about hiring a motor home this summer, then the best choice is to book it early, especially if you are considering the school holidays． The motor home hire service is very seasonal and motor home hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．
There are a lot of companies throughout the UK, and some of the big ones have motor homes spread all over the country． At present, the largest network for motor home hire is provided by Motor home which is based in Cambridge． If you are in the UK, you may phone 080-0612-8719 for details of its motor home hire information． Motor home has a network of over 500 vehicles all over England, Scotland and Wales．
Most people wishing to hire a motor home are families that are looking for an alternative to a European package holiday, especially as flying now has become more expensive, and is considered to be environmentally unfriendly． There is no doubt that the idea of no-fly holidays is going to become more popular as fewer people think it is safe to fly． This explains why more and more people are choosing to hire a motor home for their holidays．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了房车的种种好处。
5．The main purpose of this text is to explain why it is a good idea to ________．
A．take an adventure B．travel to England
C．try a new lifestyle D．hire a motor home
D 解析：本文在第一段点出主题：Well, read this article and you will know why a motor home is a good choice．下文分别介绍了房车的种种好处。
6．What does the underlined word “versatile” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Fast． B．Safe．
C．Useful． D．Exciting．
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的It has so many uses that it is considered．．．可知，它有那么多用处，所以被认为是最有用的交通工具。故选C项。
7．Why should you book a motor home early if you want to book one for this summer?
A．Booking early is much cheaper．
B．Summer is usually a very busy season．
C．You can arrange your time better this way．
D．Students usually book them to earn money．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的The motor home hire service is very seasonal and motor home hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．可知，在夏天租用房车的人很多。
8．The last paragraph tells us the advantages of hiring a motor home by __________．
A．telling us a story
B．giving detailed data
C．comparing it with flying
D．showing the results of a study
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的especially as flying now has become more expensive等可知，最后一段主要是比较房车和飞机来说明房车的优势。
七选五
Faces, like fingerprints, are unique(独一无二的)． Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？1．________Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces． We all take this for granted．
2．________When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others． Like the human face, human personality is very complex． But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face．3．________But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”，you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth．
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts． Gordon Airport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18，000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior．4．________Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms．
People have always tried to “type” each other． Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role． In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”． Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks．5．________
A．If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looks like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so．
B．But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad buys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions．
C．We also tell people apart by how they behave．
D．People have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints．
E． And many of us use this information as a basis for describing，or typing one’s personality．
F． Experts say that actors differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics in acting．
G． Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another．
1．G 解析：根据上文“Faces, like fingerprints, are unique(独一无二的)．Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？”，可知，人们的面容如指纹一样是独一无二的，即使优秀的作家也很难描述出一个人的全部面部特征，从而与其他人区分开，故选G项。
2．C 解析：根据下文“When we talk about someone’s personality，we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others．”可推知，人们通过行为方式的不同而进行区别彼此，故选C项。
3．A 解析：根据上文“But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face．”并呼应下文“But if you were asked to describe a ‘nice person’， you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth．”可知，此处对品格与面容进行类比，故选A项。
4．E 解析：根据下文“Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms．”可知，这些术语都是用来描述人们的个性或给人们划分类别的，故选E项。
5．B 解析：根据上文“Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role．”并结合“Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks．”可推知，现在电视和电影演员不带面具，但我们能容易地区分出“好人”和“坏人”，这是因为他们的角色在行为与相貌上不同，故选B项。
B卷
阅读理解
Is there anything more important than health？I don’t think so． You can’t be good at your studies or work when you are ill． If you have a headache，or a bad cough，if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold，I think you should go to the doctor．
The doctor will examine your throat，feel your pulse，take your temperature，sound your heart and lungs． After that he will advise some treatment，or some medicine． The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice．
Speaking of doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story． An old man came to see the doctor． The man was very ill． He told the doctor about his weakness，memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs． The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease．
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest．He also advised him to eat a lot of meat，drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks． In other words，the doctor advised him to follow the rule：“Eat at pleasure，drink with measure and enjoy life as it is．”The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again，he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day．
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office． He looked cheerful and happy． He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．“But you know，doctor，”he said，“it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age．”
【解题导语】 作者认为健康很重要，并讲述了一个与健康有关的有趣的故事。
1．The writer thinks that ________．
A．health is more important than wealth
B．work is as important as studies
C．medicine is more important than pleasure
D．nothing is more important than money
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so．说明作者认为健康比什么都重要。故选A项。
2．The doctor usually tells his patient what to do ________．
A．without examining the patient
B．after he has examined the patient
C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine
D．unless the patient feels pain
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease．说明医生是在检查了以后才会对病人说一些具体的治疗方案。
3．The underlined part means “________”．
A．he was feeling better than ever
B．he wasn’t a healthy man
C．he was feeling worse than before
D．he will be well again
A 解析：推理判断题。根据本段He looked cheerful and happy． He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．说明他的状况很好，他是来感谢医生的，说明他现在很健康，比以往的任何时候都感觉好。故选A项。
4．From the last sentence of the passage，we learn the man ________ before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day．
A．was a heavy smoker B．didn’t smoke so much
C．didn’t smoke D．began to learn to smoke
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But you know, doctor，” he said, “it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age．”说明这个病人以前是不抽烟的。故C正确。
完形填空
Mary and her husband Jim had a dog named “Lucky”．Whenever friends visited Mary and Jim, they would __1__ their friends not to leave their luggage open __2__ Lucky would steal treasures and put them in his toy box in the __3__．
It happened that Mary found out that she had a __4__．The night before she was to go to the hospital, she thought, “If I die, Lucky will be abandoned(抛弃)．Lucky won’t understand that I don’t want to __5__him．” The thought made her sadder than thinking of her own__6__．
The operation was __7__， but Mary had to stay in the hospital for three weeks．__8__ the day came for Mary to leave the hospital．When she arrived home, Mary was so __9__ that she couldn’t even make up to her bedroom．Jim made his wife comfortable on the __10__ and left her to sleep．
Lucky stood watching Mary but he didn’t come to her when she __11__．It made Mary sad．But __12__ soon overcame her and she fell asleep．When Mary woke, she couldn’t understand what was wrong．She couldn’t __13__ her head and her body on the couch, and she felt __14__ and hot．But she laughed happily when she __15__ the problem．She was covered with every treasure Lucky owned!
While she had slept, the sad dog had made trip after trip to the basement __16__ his beloved mistress(女主人) all his favorite things in life．He had __17__ her with his love．
Mary forgot about dying．__18__， she and Lucky began living again, __19__ further and further together every day．It’s been 12 years now and Mary is still cancer-free．Lucky？He still steals treasures, but Mary __20__ his greatest treasure．
1．A．advise B．persuade
C．warn D．force
C 解析：因为“幸运” 喜欢“偷” 东西， 所以夫妇俩总会告诫来访的朋友不要把行李敞开着， 此处用“warn” 一词还具有幽默调侃的意味。
2．A．after B．while
C．when D．because
D 解析：前后为因果关系， 空后是说明夫妇俩之所以这样做的原因， 故选D。
3．A．basement B．bedroom
C．kitchen D．yard
A 解析：本空根据倒数第二段“the sad dog had made trip after trip to the basement” 可知答案为A, “幸运” 是把东西藏在地下室的玩具箱里。
4．A．cold B．cancer
C．headache D．stomachache
B 解析：从下文 Mary 为此想到了死并且还到医院做了手术住院三周可知这不是感冒之类的小毛病， 再从最后一段“Mary is still cancer-free” 可知 Mary 有一天查出自己患了癌症。故选B。
5．A．keep B．lose
C．punish D．leave
D 解析：注意此处的时态， 本处是在描述 Mary 当时的心理活动， 她在想： “幸运” 不会明白我不愿意离它而去(因为她想到自己可能会死)。D项符合句意。
6．A．pain B．sadness
C．business D．death
D 解析：由上文“If I die．．．” 可知本句是说： 这一想法让 Mary 感觉比想到自己死还要难受。故选D。
7．A．successful B．expensive
C．difficult D．painful
A 解析：从后文 Mary 出院回家并且活了十二年， 癌症没有夺去她的生命可知手术很成功。故选A。
8．A．Gradually B．Finally
C．Unluckily D．Naturally
B 解析：Mary 在医院里治疗了三个星期， 最后终于迎来了出院回家的日子。故选B。
9．A．frightened B．disappointed
C．tired D．excited
C 解析：从后文 Mary 在沙发上昏昏睡去可知此处是说进了家门后， Mary 如此精疲力竭甚至连走进自己卧室的力气都没有了。故选C。
10．A．floor B．chair
C．bed D．couch
D 解析：从下一段“She couldn’t ______ her head and her body on the couch” 可知 Jim 是把妻子安顿在沙发上，让她睡一会儿。故选D。
11．A．greeted B．smiled
C．called D．cried
C 解析：“幸运” 站在那里注视着 Mary, 当 Mary 呼喊它的时候， 它并没有凑上前去， 这使得 Mary很难过， 此处用 greet (问候)不妥， 应是 Mary 招呼“幸运”到跟前去。故选C。
12．A．sleep B．pain
C．disappointment D．anger
A 解析：上文讲 Mary 非常疲劳， 下文有“She fell asleep” 和“When Mary woke” 这些信息， 由此可知此处是说“但很快睡意袭来”。故选A。
13．A．shake B．move
C．raise D．control
B 解析：依据后文“幸运” 把自己最珍爱的所有“宝贝”都给心爱的女主人搬来给她盖上可知此处应是讲由于她被这么多东西“盖”住了， 所以她感觉到在沙发上，头和身体动弹不得。若用raise和head搭配，raise the head含有“look up”的意思， 即抬起头往上看， 同时也无法同后面的body搭配， 不妥。故选B。
14．A．hard B．worried
C．heavy D．nervous
C 解析：因为身上压了这么多东西， 所以她感觉很沉很闷热。故选C。
15．A．caused B．saw
C．solved D．realized
D 解析：根据语境， 是“当她认识到问题出在哪儿时， 不由得开心地笑了起来”。故选D。
16．A．showing B．returning
C．taking D．bringing
D 解析：她睡着的时候， 这条悲伤的狗一次又一次地跑到地下室， 把自己最珍爱的所有“宝贝” 都给心爱的女主人搬来了。take 意为“带去， 拿走”， 指把某物从说话者所在地拿走， bring 的意思正相反， 故C不妥。D符合句意。
17．A．closed B．protected
C．covered D．buried
C 解析：因为“幸运” 的这一行为表明了它对 Mary 的爱， 所以作者把“它用玩具把女主人盖了起来” 说成了“它用爱把女主人盖了起来”， 写得含蓄巧妙。故选C。
18．A．Instead B．However
C．Certainly D．Surely
A 解析：Mary 不再想着会死的事， 而是和“幸运” 重新开始了新的生活。在讲完不做某件事后， 若紧接着讲做另一特定的事情， 常用 instead, however 没有此用法。故选A。
19．A．hiking B．walking
C．running D．going
B 解析：Mary 和“幸运” 每天都一起出去散步， 走得越来越远。每天跑或徒步旅行不合常理或不合Mary 的身体状况。B符合文意。
20．A．remains B．becomes
C．turns D．seems
A 解析：从全文来看， 应是“幸运” 以前最爱 Mary, 视她为自己最珍贵的“宝贝”， 现在每天待在一起， “而 Mary 依然是它最珍贵的‘宝贝’”。因为自始至终是这样， 所以用B或C不正确， 只有A项表示状态的始终如一。
语法填空
As an old English saying goes，“honesty is the best policy”． It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but 1．____________ good way to live your life．
First, honesty is the 2．____________(easy) choice that we can make． When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something． Many relationships are destroyed by lies．
Second, honesty gives us much 3．____________(free)． Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true． Sooner or later those dishonest people 4．____________(pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are 5．____________(true) free．
If there were two people 6．____________(stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person 7．____________ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely 8．____________(believe)? I’m sure most people would side with the honest person．9．____________ we live in the truth or we live in lies． Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles． Honesty is a choice that we make each day． The choice is 10．____________(you)． What will you choose?
1．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，“一种好方法”。
2．easiest 解析：考查形容词的用法。句意：诚实是我们能做的最容易的选择。前面的the也决定只能用easiest。
3．freedom 解析：考查词性转换。此处是作gives的宾语，故用名词形式。freedom n．自由。
4．will pay 解析：考查动词的时态。sooner or later是迟早的意思，所以该空用一般将来时态。
5．truly 解析：考查词性转换。修饰形容词应当用副词。
6．standing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此空在there were people后面，说明要用非谓语，根据动词与people的逻辑关系确定用现在分词standing。
7．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。定语从句先行词为人“person”，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who/that引导。
8．to believe 解析：考查非谓语动词。该空与be likely搭配使用，该用to do形式。
9．Either 解析：考查连词的用法。either．．．or表示“要么……要么……”。
10．yours 解析：考查代词的用法。“这就是你的选择”，用名词性物主代词作表语，代表“your choice”。
课件72张PPT。Unit 8 Adventure本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．There are many points of ____________(相似性) between the two men．
答案：similarity
2．Don’t go doing anything ____________(极端的) like leaving the country．
答案：extreme
3．She ____________(冒……的危险) her life to save the drowning child．
答案：risked
4．There has been snow today in ____________(不同的) parts of the country．
答案：various
5．Do you have enough ____________(设备) to do the job?
答案：equipment
6．I was ____________(使困惑) by the puzzle presented by my teacher．
答案：confused
7．Consumers need to spend more on food than __________(燃料)．
答案：fuel
8．He is a ____________(富有的) businessman．
答案：wealthy
9．This company is more concerned with quality than with ____________(数量)．
答案：quantity
10．It ____________(使惊愕) her that he could be so calm at such a time．
答案：amazed
单句改错
1．From his expression, I could tell that he was confusing．____________________
答案：confusing→confused
2．Most of us in our class went to see the amazed performance．____________________
答案：amazed→amazing
3．Large quantities of food was wasted by the company．____________________
答案：was→were
4．Will you risk lose your job by telling him the truth？____________________
答案：lose→losing
5．A lot of equipments will be sent to the new school soon．____________________
答案：equipments→equipment
完成句子
1．这条街太窄，大型货车不能通过。
The road is ________________ allow the passage of trucks．
答案：too narrow to
2．当时我不知道那件事，不过我后来知道了。
I did not know that then; I learned it later, ____________．
答案：though
3．他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。
He walks ________________ get there on time．
答案：too slowly to
4．英语太难，我学不好。
English is ________________________ learn well．
答案：too difficult for me to
5．即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
We’ll go hiking ________________________________．
答案：even though/if the weather is bad
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Stupid ____________ it sounds, I was so in love with her that I believed her．
答案：though/as
2．He was ____________ poor to buy a new coat．
答案：too
3．If you stick to these bad habits, you will risk ____________(lose) your health．
答案：losing
4．All of them arrive late for a ____________(vary) of reasons．
答案：variety
5．To his ____________(amaze)，the bee began to perform a dance．
答案：amazement
6．The driver got ____________(confuse) at the road signs．
答案：confused
7．Parents should not show ____________(prefer) for any one of their children．
答案：preference
8．She’s not worth ____________(get) angry with．
答案：getting
9．Small quantities of poison ____________(be) detected in the dead man’s stomach．
答案：were
10．He has not turned ____________ ever since we lent him money．
答案：up
阅读理解
A
Why do we dream？It’s a question researchers have been studying for years． Now new research suggests that some dreams may result from the brain’s effort to keep learning, even as we sleep．
In a study in Boston, 100 volunteers were trained for an hour on a maze(迷宫)．They tried to find their way through the difficult puzzle as quickly as possible． Then half of the volunteers were allowed to sleep for 90 minutes． The other half stayed awake, reading or relaxing． The ones who slept were asked to describe their dreams when they woke up．
After the rest, the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze． Those who hadn’t slept showed no improvement or did even worse after the break． Sleepers who didn’t report any maze related dreams did better but showed only a little improvement． However, four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement． They scored 10 times higher after sleeping and dreaming about the maze．
Even though the number of dreamers was small, the researchers noted that the gap in learning between the dreamers and non-dreamers was so wide that the finding was significant(有意义的)．
The dreamers had all performed poorly on the test before dreaming about it． That suggests that struggling with a task might be the trigger that leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it．
“It’s almost as if your brain is going through everything that happened today，”Dr Stickgold，a scientist at Harvard Medical School, said． “The things you’re obsessed (迷住) with are the ones that your brain forces you to continue to do with．”
【解题导语】 本文说明了通过研究发现的“做梦是在学习”的事实。
1．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Learning While You Dream
B．What Dreams Stand For
C．Dream a Good Dream
D．Dreams and Health
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第三句Now new research suggests that some dreams may result from the brain’s effort to keep learning, even as we sleep．可知，做梦是在学习。故选A项。
2．What were the volunteers asked to do after the rest?
A．To work on a new maze．
B．To continue to do the maze．
C．To talk with each other about their dreams．
D．To tell what they thought about the maze．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句After the rest, the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze．可知，只是继续走迷宫。故选B项。
3．According to the study, which group showed the greatest improvement?
A．Those who didn’t sleep．
B．Those who slept but didn’t dream．
C．Those who dreamed about the maze while sleeping．
D．Those who thought about the maze before falling asleep．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句中的four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement可知，睡觉时梦到迷宫的那些人展示出最大的提高。故选C项。
4．The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．chance B．cause
C．way D．idea
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后一句．．．leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it．可知，导致睡眠的大脑集中在这个任务上，致力于怎样处理它。所以，这可能是努力于一个任务的起因。故选B项。
B
Do you want a bit of an adventure? Would you like to discover all the corners of the UK, or travel abroad? Maybe you have never tried the motor home lifestyle before． Well, read this article and you will know why a motor home is a good choice．
Nothing is better than a motor home． It has so many uses that it is considered the most versatile vehicle and it is also very comfortable． If you are thinking about hiring a motor home this summer, then the best choice is to book it early, especially if you are considering the school holidays． The motor home hire service is very seasonal and motor home hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．
There are a lot of companies throughout the UK, and some of the big ones have motor homes spread all over the country． At present, the largest network for motor home hire is provided by Motor home which is based in Cambridge． If you are in the UK, you may phone 080-0612-8719 for details of its motor home hire information． Motor home has a network of over 500 vehicles all over England, Scotland and Wales．
Most people wishing to hire a motor home are families that are looking for an alternative to a European package holiday, especially as flying now has become more expensive, and is considered to be environmentally unfriendly． There is no doubt that the idea of no-fly holidays is going to become more popular as fewer people think it is safe to fly． This explains why more and more people are choosing to hire a motor home for their holidays．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了房车的种种好处。
5．The main purpose of this text is to explain why it is a good idea to ________．
A．take an adventure B．travel to England
C．try a new lifestyle D．hire a motor home
D 解析：本文在第一段点出主题：Well, read this article and you will know why a motor home is a good choice．下文分别介绍了房车的种种好处。
6．What does the underlined word “versatile” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Fast． B．Safe．
C．Useful． D．Exciting．
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的It has so many uses that it is considered．．．可知，它有那么多用处，所以被认为是最有用的交通工具。故选C项。
7．Why should you book a motor home early if you want to book one for this summer?
A．Booking early is much cheaper．
B．Summer is usually a very busy season．
C．You can arrange your time better this way．
D．Students usually book them to earn money．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的The motor home hire service is very seasonal and motor home hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．可知，在夏天租用房车的人很多。
8．The last paragraph tells us the advantages of hiring a motor home by __________．
A．telling us a story
B．giving detailed data
C．comparing it with flying
D．showing the results of a study
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的especially as flying now has become more expensive等可知，最后一段主要是比较房车和飞机来说明房车的优势。
七选五
Faces, like fingerprints, are unique(独一无二的)． Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？1．________Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces． We all take this for granted．
2．________When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others． Like the human face, human personality is very complex． But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face．3．________But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”，you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth．
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts． Gordon Airport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18，000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior．4．________Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms．
People have always tried to “type” each other． Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role． In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”． Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks．5．________
A．If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looks like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so．
B．But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad buys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions．
C．We also tell people apart by how they behave．
D．People have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints．
E． And many of us use this information as a basis for describing，or typing one’s personality．
F． Experts say that actors differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics in acting．
G． Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another．
1．G 解析：根据上文“Faces, like fingerprints, are unique(独一无二的)．Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？”，可知，人们的面容如指纹一样是独一无二的，即使优秀的作家也很难描述出一个人的全部面部特征，从而与其他人区分开，故选G项。
2．C 解析：根据下文“When we talk about someone’s personality，we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others．”可推知，人们通过行为方式的不同而进行区别彼此，故选C项。
3．A 解析：根据上文“But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face．”并呼应下文“But if you were asked to describe a ‘nice person’， you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth．”可知，此处对品格与面容进行类比，故选A项。
4．E 解析：根据下文“Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms．”可知，这些术语都是用来描述人们的个性或给人们划分类别的，故选E项。
5．B 解析：根据上文“Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role．”并结合“Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks．”可推知，现在电视和电影演员不带面具，但我们能容易地区分出“好人”和“坏人”，这是因为他们的角色在行为与相貌上不同，故选B项。
B卷
阅读理解
Is there anything more important than health？I don’t think so． You can’t be good at your studies or work when you are ill． If you have a headache，or a bad cough，if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold，I think you should go to the doctor．
The doctor will examine your throat，feel your pulse，take your temperature，sound your heart and lungs． After that he will advise some treatment，or some medicine． The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice．
Speaking of doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story． An old man came to see the doctor． The man was very ill． He told the doctor about his weakness，memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs． The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease．
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest．He also advised him to eat a lot of meat，drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks． In other words，the doctor advised him to follow the rule：“Eat at pleasure，drink with measure and enjoy life as it is．”The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again，he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day．
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office． He looked cheerful and happy． He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．“But you know，doctor，”he said，“it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age．”
【解题导语】 作者认为健康很重要，并讲述了一个与健康有关的有趣的故事。
1．The writer thinks that ________．
A．health is more important than wealth
B．work is as important as studies
C．medicine is more important than pleasure
D．nothing is more important than money
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so．说明作者认为健康比什么都重要。故选A项。
2．The doctor usually tells his patient what to do ________．
A．without examining the patient
B．after he has examined the patient
C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine
D．unless the patient feels pain
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease．说明医生是在检查了以后才会对病人说一些具体的治疗方案。
3．The underlined part means “________”．
A．he was feeling better than ever
B．he wasn’t a healthy man
C．he was feeling worse than before
D．he will be well again
A 解析：推理判断题。根据本段He looked cheerful and happy． He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．说明他的状况很好，他是来感谢医生的，说明他现在很健康，比以往的任何时候都感觉好。故选A项。
4．From the last sentence of the passage，we learn the man ________ before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day．
A．was a heavy smoker B．didn’t smoke so much
C．didn’t smoke D．began to learn to smoke
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But you know, doctor，” he said, “it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age．”说明这个病人以前是不抽烟的。故C正确。
完形填空
Mary and her husband Jim had a dog named “Lucky”．Whenever friends visited Mary and Jim, they would __1__ their friends not to leave their luggage open __2__ Lucky would steal treasures and put them in his toy box in the __3__．
It happened that Mary found out that she had a __4__．The night before she was to go to the hospital, she thought, “If I die, Lucky will be abandoned(抛弃)．Lucky won’t understand that I don’t want to __5__him．” The thought made her sadder than thinking of her own__6__．
The operation was __7__， but Mary had to stay in the hospital for three weeks．__8__ the day came for Mary to leave the hospital．When she arrived home, Mary was so __9__ that she couldn’t even make up to her bedroom．Jim made his wife comfortable on the __10__ and left her to sleep．
Lucky stood watching Mary but he didn’t come to her when she __11__．It made Mary sad．But __12__ soon overcame her and she fell asleep．When Mary woke, she couldn’t understand what was wrong．She couldn’t __13__ her head and her body on the couch, and she felt __14__ and hot．But she laughed happily when she __15__ the problem．She was covered with every treasure Lucky owned!
While she had slept, the sad dog had made trip after trip to the basement __16__ his beloved mistress(女主人) all his favorite things in life．He had __17__ her with his love．
Mary forgot about dying．__18__， she and Lucky began living again, __19__ further and further together every day．It’s been 12 years now and Mary is still cancer-free．Lucky？He still steals treasures, but Mary __20__ his greatest treasure．
1．A．advise B．persuade
C．warn D．force
C 解析：因为“幸运” 喜欢“偷” 东西， 所以夫妇俩总会告诫来访的朋友不要把行李敞开着， 此处用“warn” 一词还具有幽默调侃的意味。
2．A．after B．while
C．when D．because
D 解析：前后为因果关系， 空后是说明夫妇俩之所以这样做的原因， 故选D。
3．A．basement B．bedroom
C．kitchen D．yard
A 解析：本空根据倒数第二段“the sad dog had made trip after trip to the basement” 可知答案为A, “幸运” 是把东西藏在地下室的玩具箱里。
4．A．cold B．cancer
C．headache D．stomachache
B 解析：从下文 Mary 为此想到了死并且还到医院做了手术住院三周可知这不是感冒之类的小毛病， 再从最后一段“Mary is still cancer-free” 可知 Mary 有一天查出自己患了癌症。故选B。
5．A．keep B．lose
C．punish D．leave
D 解析：注意此处的时态， 本处是在描述 Mary 当时的心理活动， 她在想： “幸运” 不会明白我不愿意离它而去(因为她想到自己可能会死)。D项符合句意。
6．A．pain B．sadness
C．business D．death
D 解析：由上文“If I die．．．” 可知本句是说： 这一想法让 Mary 感觉比想到自己死还要难受。故选D。
7．A．successful B．expensive
C．difficult D．painful
A 解析：从后文 Mary 出院回家并且活了十二年， 癌症没有夺去她的生命可知手术很成功。故选A。
8．A．Gradually B．Finally
C．Unluckily D．Naturally
B 解析：Mary 在医院里治疗了三个星期， 最后终于迎来了出院回家的日子。故选B。
9．A．frightened B．disappointed
C．tired D．excited
C 解析：从后文 Mary 在沙发上昏昏睡去可知此处是说进了家门后， Mary 如此精疲力竭甚至连走进自己卧室的力气都没有了。故选C。
10．A．floor B．chair
C．bed D．couch
D 解析：从下一段“She couldn’t ______ her head and her body on the couch” 可知 Jim 是把妻子安顿在沙发上，让她睡一会儿。故选D。
11．A．greeted B．smiled
C．called D．cried
C 解析：“幸运” 站在那里注视着 Mary, 当 Mary 呼喊它的时候， 它并没有凑上前去， 这使得 Mary很难过， 此处用 greet (问候)不妥， 应是 Mary 招呼“幸运”到跟前去。故选C。
12．A．sleep B．pain
C．disappointment D．anger
A 解析：上文讲 Mary 非常疲劳， 下文有“She fell asleep” 和“When Mary woke” 这些信息， 由此可知此处是说“但很快睡意袭来”。故选A。
13．A．shake B．move
C．raise D．control
B 解析：依据后文“幸运” 把自己最珍爱的所有“宝贝”都给心爱的女主人搬来给她盖上可知此处应是讲由于她被这么多东西“盖”住了， 所以她感觉到在沙发上，头和身体动弹不得。若用raise和head搭配，raise the head含有“look up”的意思， 即抬起头往上看， 同时也无法同后面的body搭配， 不妥。故选B。
14．A．hard B．worried
C．heavy D．nervous
C 解析：因为身上压了这么多东西， 所以她感觉很沉很闷热。故选C。
15．A．caused B．saw
C．solved D．realized
D 解析：根据语境， 是“当她认识到问题出在哪儿时， 不由得开心地笑了起来”。故选D。
16．A．showing B．returning
C．taking D．bringing
D 解析：她睡着的时候， 这条悲伤的狗一次又一次地跑到地下室， 把自己最珍爱的所有“宝贝” 都给心爱的女主人搬来了。take 意为“带去， 拿走”， 指把某物从说话者所在地拿走， bring 的意思正相反， 故C不妥。D符合句意。
17．A．closed B．protected
C．covered D．buried
C 解析：因为“幸运” 的这一行为表明了它对 Mary 的爱， 所以作者把“它用玩具把女主人盖了起来” 说成了“它用爱把女主人盖了起来”， 写得含蓄巧妙。故选C。
18．A．Instead B．However
C．Certainly D．Surely
A 解析：Mary 不再想着会死的事， 而是和“幸运” 重新开始了新的生活。在讲完不做某件事后， 若紧接着讲做另一特定的事情， 常用 instead, however 没有此用法。故选A。
19．A．hiking B．walking
C．running D．going
B 解析：Mary 和“幸运” 每天都一起出去散步， 走得越来越远。每天跑或徒步旅行不合常理或不合Mary 的身体状况。B符合文意。
20．A．remains B．becomes
C．turns D．seems
A 解析：从全文来看， 应是“幸运” 以前最爱 Mary, 视她为自己最珍贵的“宝贝”， 现在每天待在一起， “而 Mary 依然是它最珍贵的‘宝贝’”。因为自始至终是这样， 所以用B或C不正确， 只有A项表示状态的始终如一。
语法填空
As an old English saying goes，“honesty is the best policy”． It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but 1．____________ good way to live your life．
First, honesty is the 2．____________(easy) choice that we can make． When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something． Many relationships are destroyed by lies．
Second, honesty gives us much 3．____________(free)． Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true． Sooner or later those dishonest people 4．____________(pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are 5．____________(true) free．
If there were two people 6．____________(stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person 7．____________ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely 8．____________(believe)? I’m sure most people would side with the honest person．9．____________ we live in the truth or we live in lies． Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles． Honesty is a choice that we make each day． The choice is 10．____________(you)． What will you choose?
1．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，“一种好方法”。
2．easiest 解析：考查形容词的用法。句意：诚实是我们能做的最容易的选择。前面的the也决定只能用easiest。
3．freedom 解析：考查词性转换。此处是作gives的宾语，故用名词形式。freedom n．自由。
4．will pay 解析：考查动词的时态。sooner or later是迟早的意思，所以该空用一般将来时态。
5．truly 解析：考查词性转换。修饰形容词应当用副词。
6．standing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此空在there were people后面，说明要用非谓语，根据动词与people的逻辑关系确定用现在分词standing。
7．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。定语从句先行词为人“person”，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who/that引导。
8．to believe 解析：考查非谓语动词。该空与be likely搭配使用，该用to do形式。
9．Either 解析：考查连词的用法。either．．．or表示“要么……要么……”。
10．yours 解析：考查代词的用法。“这就是你的选择”，用名词性物主代词作表语，代表“your choice”。
Section Ⅳ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corner
1．shock vt． 震惊，惊骇
2．within prep． 在……之内，在……内部
3．fun_ction vi． 运转；发挥作用
4．aim n． 目标；目的
5．shelter n． 遮蔽，庇护所
6．preparation n．准备，预备→prepare vt．准备
7．ambition n．志向，抱负→ambitious adj．有雄心的
8．hopeless adj．没有希望的→hopeful adj．有希望的
9．cheerful adj．愉快的，高兴的→cheer v．使振奋
10．distant adj．远处的；久远的→distance n．距离
11．sadness n．悲哀，忧伤→sad adj．悲伤的→sadly adv．悲伤地
12．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj．耐心的
13．observe vt．观察，观测→observation n．观察
14．disadvantage n．不利，不利条件→advantage n．有利条件
15．limit n．边界；限度→limited adj．有限的
1．on__one’s__way 在途中
2．break__down 损坏，不能运转
3．run__out__of 用完，耗尽
4．carry__on 继续做某事
5．at__one__time 曾经；一度
6．in__particular 尤其；特别
1．then引起倒装结构
Then__came(接着来了) the total darkness of the polar winter．
2．have．．．doing sth．让……一直做某事
He had__teams__of__dogs__pulling(让成队的狗拉) the sledges and all his men were on skis．
3．what 引导名词性从句
．．．we are very cheerful, but what__each__man__feels__in__his__heart(每个人心里的想法) I can only guess．
4．do you think作插入语
What does__he__think(他认为) is the key to a successful exploration trip?
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text．
1．What is the Silk Road?
A．A road covered with silk．
B．An ancient line of communication between East and West．
C．A road specially for transporting silk．
D．A road only in China．
2．When did the Silk Road get its name?
A．In the 19th century．
B．In Tang Dynasty．
C．In Yuan Dynasty．
D．After PRC was founded．
3．Why did Xuan Zang go to India?
A．To have a journey following the Silk Road．
B．To collect Buddhist scriptures．
C．To do trade．
D．To call on Indian Emperor．
4．What was the Silk Road not used for?
A．Romans got their silk from China．
B．The exchange of ideas．
C．Trade of precious stones，food and so on．
D．Wars．
答案：1－4．BABD
The RACE to the POLE
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his journey to the Antarctic①．On his way②，he received a message from the Norwegian③ explorer Roald Amundsen：“I’m going South．”So the race to the South Pole was on④！
During the polar summer of 1910-1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation⑤for their journeys the next year． Then came the total darkness of the polar winter．⑥ Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring．
Amundsen was the first to leave⑦， on 15 October, 1911．He had teams of dogs pulling⑧ the sledges⑨ and all his men were on skis． Because of⑩ this, he made rapid progress?． Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems． First, his two sledges broke down?，and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with? the snow and the cold． After a while?，Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves．
Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December and put a Norwegian flag there． Then he prepared for? the return journey． Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January． They were shocked? when they saw the Norwegian flag． Scott wrote sadly in his diary：
“Well, we have now lost the goal? of our ambition? and must face 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our dreams．”
①the Antarctic[?n'ta?ktik]南极地区
②on one’s way在途中；in a way在某种程度上
③Norwegian[n??'wi?d??n] adj．挪威的 n．挪威人
④be on开始；在进行
⑤preparation[?prep?'reI??n] n．准备，预备；
in preparation for．．．为……做准备；
make preparations for．．．为……做准备
⑥then位于句首引起完全倒装。
⑦此处的不定式作定语，修饰the first。
⑧have sb．/sth． doing sth．让某人/某物一直做某事；
have sb．/ sth． do sth．让某人/某物做某事
⑨sledge[sled?] n．雪车，雪橇
⑩because of 因为，后接名词或代词作宾语。
?make progress取得进步
?break down损坏，不能运转；
break up分解；驱散
?have difficulty with sth．做某事有困难；
have difficulty in doing sth．做某事有困难
?after a while过了一会儿
?prepare for．．．为……作准备；be prepared for．．．为……作准备
?shock[??k] vt．震惊，惊骇；be shocked by/at．．．被……震惊
?goal[ɡ??l] n．目的；目标；achieve a goal实现目标
?ambition[?m'bI??n] n．志向，抱负；ambitious adj．有抱负的
去南极的竞赛
1910年6月1日，斯科特上校从伦敦出发，开始他去南极的旅程。在途中，他收到一条来自挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的信息：“我要去南极。”因此，去南极的竞赛开始了！
1910－1911年南极夏季的时候，两队人都建立了食物基地，为他们下一年的旅程做准备。接着，一片漆黑的南极冬季到了。斯科特和阿蒙森焦急等待着春天的到来。
阿蒙森是先出发的，那是1911年10月15日。他有一队拉雪橇的狗，而他所有队员都坐着雪橇。因此，他迅速前进。斯科特11月1日出发，而且不久就出现了问题。先是他的两个雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。不久，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇。
阿蒙森12月14日到达南极，并在那插了一面挪威国旗。然后他准备回程。斯科特和四名队员最终于1月17日到达南极。当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。斯科特在日记中悲伤地写道：
“唉，现在我们已经失去了抱负目标，而且必须面对800英里的艰难行进——并向我们的梦想道别。”
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration． The men were soon exhausted? and were running out of? food． The weather conditions were terrible． Scott started to realise their hopeless( situation：
“．．．we are very cheerful(, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess． Putting on our shoes in the morning( is getting slower and slower(．”
However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks． They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way( with them． Later, these rocks proved that at one time( in the distant( past the Antarctic was covered by plants．
Then, disaster soon came． Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall． The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking(． Scott recorded his death：
“He said, ‘I am just going outside and I may be some time．’ We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman． We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far．”
?exhausted[Iɡ'z??stId] adj．疲惫的；
exhausting adj．令人疲惫的
?run out of用完，耗尽，是及物动词短语；
run out用完，是不及物动词短语。
hopeless['h??pl?s] adj．没有希望的；
hopeful adj．有希望的
cheerful['t?I?f?l] adj．愉快的，高兴的；
cheer sb． up使某人振奋
此处是动名词短语作主语。
比较级连用，表示“越来越……”
all the way一路上；自始至终
at one time曾经；一度；at a time一次
distant['dIst?nt] adj．远处的；久远的；
distance n．距离；远方
who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Captain Oates。
回程旅程是探险史上最糟糕的一次。队员们很快就筋疲力尽了，而且食物也快吃完了。天气状况很糟。斯科特开始认识到他们绝望的境遇：
“……我们非常高兴，但每个人心中的感受，只有我能明白。大家早上穿鞋的速度越来越慢。
然而，在回去的路上，他们花时间寻找石块。一路上，他们扛了20公斤石块。后来，这些石块证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。
不久，不幸发生了。埃德加·埃文斯得了可怕的疾病，一个萧瑟的秋天过后，他去世了。接着是奥茨上校，他行走非常困难。斯科特记录了他的死：
“他说，‘我出去一会，或许过一阵子才能回来。’”我们知道可怜的奥茨正接近死亡，即便我们设法阻止他，我们知道这是一个勇敢的英国绅士的举动。我们都希望临死时能有同样的精神，而死肯定不远了。”
Scott and two of his team members carried on( and got within( eleven miles of one of their food bases． But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent． Scott spent some of his last hours writing(．He wrote a letter full of sadness( to his wife Kathleen：
“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey． What stories you would have for the boy．．．But what a price to pay．”
Scott’s diary also told the story of their end：
“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can’t be far． It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more．”
The news of Scott’s death shocked the world． He had failed( to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary( courage shown by Captain Scott and his men( made them into heroes(．
carry on继续做某事；carry out执行
within[wIe'In] prep．在……之内，在……内部
spend some time doing sth．花时间做某事；
spend．．．on sth．在某物上花费……
sadness['s?dnIs] n．悲哀，忧伤
此处是形容词短语full of．．．作后置定语，修饰a letter。
fail to do sth．没能做成某事
extraordinary adj．非同寻常的
此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
make．．．into．．．使……成为……
斯科特和两名队友继续前行，到达一个距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。但后来，一场可怕的暴风雨来临，他无法离开帐篷。斯科特用他生命最后的几个小时写作。他给妻子凯思琳写了一封充满悲伤的信：
“我可以告诉你很多很多有关这个旅程的事。你可以给孩子讲这些故事……但这些付出都很值得。”
斯科特的日记同样记录了他们的死亡：
“我们变得越来越虚弱，死离我们不远了。这是很遗憾的，但我想我不能再记日记了。”
斯科特的死讯震惊了世界。他在去南极的竞赛中失败了，但斯科特和他队友的非凡勇气使他们成为英雄。
preparation n．准备，预备；配制品
(教材P28)．．．both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year．
……两队人都建立了食物基地，为他们下一年的旅程做准备。
(1)in preparation for．．． 为……准备
make preparations for．．． 为……做准备
(2)prepare vt． 准备，预备
prepare for．．． 为……做准备
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的
be prepared for．．． 为……准备好
be prepared to do sth． 愿意/准备好做某事
①He didn’t do any preparation for this exam, so he failed．
他考试前没做任何准备，所以不及格。
②You settle into your beach chair in preparation(prepare) for a long rest．
你坐到你的海滩椅子上准备一次长时间的休息。
③I was asked to prepare a report for our next meeting．
我被要求为我们下次会议准备一份报告。
④We have to be prepared(prepare) for the task ahead．
我们必须为将来的任务做好准备。
⑤You can see a doctor today, if you are prepared to wait．
如果你愿意等，就今天去看医生吧。
shock vt．震惊，惊骇 n．震惊
(教材P28)They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag．
当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。
(1)give sb． a shock 让某人大吃一惊
(2)shocked adj． 震惊的
be shocked to do sth． 为某事感到震惊
be shocked by/at 被……震惊；对……感到震惊
(3)shocking adj． 可怕的，令人震惊的，令人气愤的，非常糟糕的
①It will give him a shock when he sees how much you have spent． 要是看到你花了多少钱，他会大吃一惊。
②It shocks(shock) me when something like that happens．
发生那样的事，使我觉得震惊。
③I was shocked(shock) at the news of her death．
我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。
④We were deeply shocked to__hear(hear) of his sudden divorce． 听说他突然离婚，我们很是震惊。
⑤Hearing the shocking(shock) news, the woman began to cry．
听到这个令人震惊的消息，这个女人开始哭了。
It shocked us that the price of houses in Shanghai had gone up again in 2017． Most of us were shocked at the shocking news．
patience n．耐心；忍耐力
(经典例句)I warn you I am beginning to lose my patience with you． 我警告你，我对你已渐渐失去耐心了。
(1)with patience 耐心地
be out of patience with 对……忍无可忍
lose one’s patience with 对……失去耐心
(2)be patient with 对……有耐心，容忍 ①The businessman answered all my questions with patience．
这名企业家耐心地回答了我所有的问题。
②You ought to have patience(patient) when others consult you．
当别人向你请教时，你应该有耐心。
aim n．目标；目的 vt．& vi．瞄准；对准；目的在于
(经典例句)The programme aims to educate and prepare students for a challenging career．
这个项目旨在教育学生并使其为具有挑战性的职业做好准备。
(1)with the aim of doing sth． 目的是……
take aim 瞄准
(2)aim to do sth． 目的是做某事
aim．．．at．．． 瞄准
be aimed at．．． 目的在于
①The aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means．
设计者的目的是通过最高效的方式产生解决问题的办法。
②We visited schools with the aim of getting young people interested in theatre．
我们参观学校是为了让青年人对戏剧感兴趣。
③He quickly regained his balance, took aim, and fired．
他迅速重新平衡身体，瞄准，然后开火。
④The book aims to__provide(provide) something useful for the children．
这本书试图为孩子们提供些有用的东西。
⑤The measure is aimed(aim) at the prevention of accidents at work． 这项措施旨在防止工作事故。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
这个活动旨在让老年人多运动。
(1)The activity aims__to__have__the__old__exercise__more．
(2)The activity is__aimed__at__having__the__old__exercise__more．
observe vt．观察，观测；遵守(规则、法律等)；沿袭 (风俗)；庆祝 (节日、生日等)
(教材P30)Air-conditioned vehicles for observing animals．
带有空调装置、用于观察动物的车。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中observe的含义
(1)I observed him closely as I worked together with him．观察
(2)The one who doesn’t observe the law will be punished sooner or later．遵守
(3)Russians observed a day of mourning for the victims．庆祝__(节日、生日等)
(4)The Chinese people in that country observe some of the old traditions in China．沿袭__(风俗)
(1)observe sb．/sth．do sth． 看到某人/某物做某事
be observed to do sth． 被看到做某事
observe sb．/sth． doing sth．
看到某人/某物正在做
某事
(2)observation n． 观察
①Someone observed the woman enter the bank．
有人看到这个女人进了这家银行。
②He seemed not to observe her coming(come)．
他似乎没注意到她的到来。
③She has been admitted to hospital for observation(observe)． 她已经入院观察。
disadvantage n．不利，不利条件，劣势
(教材P30)Disadvantages of US trip
去美国旅游的不利条件
(1)at a disadvantage 处于劣势
(2)to one’s advantage 对……有利
have an advantage over 优于……，胜过……
take advantage of 利用……，占……的便宜
①The situation put us at a serious disadvantage．
形势使我们处于非常不利的地位。
②If you don’t speak good English, you’ll be at a disadvantage when you try to get a job．
你要是英语讲得不好，找工作时就会处于劣势。
③You should take full advantage of this opportunity．
你应该好好利用这次机会。
④My friend has an advantage over me in chemistry．
我的朋友在化学方面比我有优势。
limit n．边界；限度 vt．限制；限定
(经典例句)She has to work within the limits of a fairly tight budget．
她不得不在相当紧张的预算范围内精打细算。
(1)limit．．．to．．． 把……限定在……内
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
within limits 在一定范围内
set a limit to．．． 设定……的限度
(3)limited adj． 有限的
be limited to．．． 被限制到……
①More recently, the Paris Agreement，stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming． 最近，由接近200个国家赞同签署的《巴黎协定》目的也是限制全球变暖。
②Try to limit your talk to five minutes．
尽量把话在5分钟内说完。
③There is a limit to the amount of time we have．
我们的时间是有限制的。
④You can come and go when you want—within limits．
你可以在一定限度内自愿来去。
⑤My time is limited(limit) now that I have a baby．
由于我有了孩子，我现在的时间就更有限了。
on one’s way 在途中
(教材P28)On his way，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen．．． 在途中，他收到一条来自挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的信息……
by the way 顺便说一下
by way of 通过……方式；经由……
in no way 决不(放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装)
in the/sb．’s way 妨碍，挡道
in a/one way 在某种程度上
①She did her shopping on her way home．
她在回家的路上买了些东西。
②A heavy rain is on its way．
一场大雨就要来了。
③They are traveling to France by__way__of London．
他们经伦敦去法国旅游。
④Her social life gets in the way of her study．
她的社交生活妨碍了学业。
run out of 用完，耗尽
(教材P28)The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food． 队员们很快就筋疲力尽了，而且食物也快吃完了。
run out 用光
run into 偶然遇到
run over (车辆)碾压
run after 追逐；追求
run across 无意间碰到
run away 逃跑
①The car ran out of gas three miles from town．
在离城镇三英里远的地方汽车的汽油用完了。
②He ran out of the money that he earned in France．
他挥霍光了他在法国赚的钱。
③He was run over and killed by a bus．
他被公共汽车轧死了。
④We went too fast round the corner and ran into a lamppost． 我们拐弯的时候太快了，撞到了路灯柱上。
⑤Look! The dog is running after a duck．
看！这条狗正在追一只鸭子。
三个词组意思都是“用完了”
run out
不及物动词短语，主语为物，不能用于被动语态
run out of
及物动词短语，主语为人
use up
及物动词短语，主语为人
[巧学活用]——一句多译
我们的钱快要用光了。
(1)Our money is__running__out．
(2)We are__running__out__of__our__money．
(3)We are__using__up__our__money．
carry on 继续做某事
(教材P28)Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases．
斯科特和两名队友继续前行，到达一个距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。
carry out 实行；执行；完成；实现
carry through 进行到底；完成；实现
carry off 赢得，获得
carry over into 延续；带到
①If you carry on doing like that, you will be in prison．
如果你继续那样做，你会坐牢的。
②No matter what happens, I will carry out my plan．
无论发生什么，我都会执行我的计划。
③The young actress carried off the big prize that night．
这个年轻女演员那天晚上夺得大奖。
④Stress at work can often be carried over into your home life． 工作中的压力经常会被带到家庭生活中。
(教材P28)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter． 接着，一片漆黑的南极冬季到了。
这是一个倒装句，主语是the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。采用完全倒装语序的句型有：
(1)当then位于句首，谓语动词为come，follow时。
(2)当there或now位于句首，谓语动词为come，go时。
(3)当there位于句首，谓语动词为be，live，fly，lie，stand，remain等动词，表“存在”时。
(4)当here位于句首，动词为be时。
(5)当方位副词out，in，up，down，away，off等位于句首，谓语动词是come，go，rush等表示位置转移的动词，且主语为名词时。
(6)当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常引起完全倒装。
①Then came the chairman． 接着主席来了。
②Now comes(come) your sister． 你的姐姐来了。
③Here__is an apple for you． 给你一个苹果。
④Out rushed (rush) the boy． 那个男孩冲了出去。
⑤At the foot of the hill lies (lie) a beautiful lake．
山脚下有一个美丽的湖。
当主语为代词时，不用倒装。
⑥There she comes． 她来了。
(教材P28)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis．
他有一队拉雪橇的狗，而他所有队员都坐着雪橇。
此句中使用了一个结构have sb．/sth． doing，意为“使……做……”。
(1)have sb．/sth． doing(现在分词表示进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者)
(2)have sb．/sth． do(动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者)
(3)(have sb．/sth． done过去分词表示已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者)
①My mum has me reading the poem．
我妈妈让我一直读那首诗。
②He had his son clean(clean) the car．
他叫他的儿子擦车。
③We had the machine repaired(repair)．
我们请人修理了机器。
品句填词
1．Nothing would stop him from achieving his ____________(志向)．
答案：ambition
2．What’s your ____________(国籍)？Are you from Britain?
答案：nationality
3．The best ____________(准备) for tomorrow is doing your best today．
答案：preparation
4．I was ____________(震惊) by his sudden appearance．
答案：shocked
5．The time we spent together is now a ____________(久远的) memory．
答案：distant
6．The lost hikers felt ____________(没有希望的)．
答案：hopeless
7．They finished the house ____________(在……之内) half a year．
答案：within
8．The refrigerator is not ____________(运转) well．
答案：functioning
9．She has reached the limit of her ____________(忍耐力)．
答案：patience
10．It is now our ____________(目标) to set up a factory．
答案：aim
单句改错
1．We must hurry up, for time is running out of．____________________
答案：去掉of
2．Aiming at improving our working conditions, the proposal was very popular．____________________
答案：Aiming→Aimed
3．The little boy was speechless with shocking．____________________
答案：shocking→shock
4．My mother asked me to make good preparation for the coming test．____________________
答案：preparation→preparations
5．If he carries on work like that, he will break down in time．____________________
答案：work→working
完成句子
1．在这些人中有一个叫布朗的人。
________________________ was a man named Brown．
答案：Among the people
2．这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。
________________ some advertisements about cars．
答案：Here are
3．这些就是我们时代的最有力的声音！
________________ the most powerful voices of our times!
答案：Such are
4．我的表昨天被人偷去了。
I ________________________ yesterday．
答案：had my watch stolen
5．她一直使听众听得入神。
She ________________________ attentively．
答案：had her audience listening
课文语篇改错
On June, 1910, the race to the South Pole between the Norwegian and the British was in． Amundsen left in 15 October, 1911． He made great progresses because he had teams of dogs pull the sledges and all his men were on skis． They arrived at the Pole on 14 December and became the first to arrive at there． Scott left on 1 November but his two sledges broke down first and then his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow． They finally made them to the Pole and were shocked to find that they had failed win the race． On their dead return journey, they still find time to look for rocks． Their great courage made them into hero．
答案：
On June, 1910, the race to the South Pole between the Norwegian and the British was ． Amundsen left 15 October, 1911． He made great because he had teams of dogs the sledges and all his men were on skis． They arrived at the Pole on 14 December and became the first to arrive there． Scott left on 1 November but his two sledges broke down first and then his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow． They finally made to the Pole and were shocked to find that they had failed win the race． On their return journey, they still time to look for rocks． Their great courage made them into ．
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The computer doesn’t seem to work well．You’d better have it ____________(repair)．
答案：repaired
2．____________(lie) in the corner is a big desk．
答案：Lying
3．The manager is very particular ____________ his clothes．
答案：about
4．After his death, his children will certainly carry ____________ his career．
答案：on
5．They ____________(be) good friends at one time, but aren’t now．
答案：were
6．You cannot pass an examination without ____________(prepare)．
答案：preparation
7．When the news came out, everyone was ____________(shock)．
答案：shocked
8．Perhaps this book will prove ____________(be) of some use to you in your studies．
答案：to be
9．Please remain ____________(seat) during the performance．
答案：seated
10．Her body broke ____________ under the pressure of work．
答案：down
阅读理解
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition． Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity． Others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills． For them，playing well and winning are often life and death affairs． In their single minded pursuit(追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude． In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition． Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society． Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail． They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success． By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try．” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot． Such a loss would be a measure of their worth． Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves． Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others． Both are afraid of not being valued． Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition．
【解题导语】 本文是关于竞争的话题。有的人支持竞争，认为能促进社会进步和繁荣；有的人反对竞争，认为会导致人与人之间的关系变差。作者认为竞争中应该去掉害怕失败的心理。
1．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Opinions about competition are different among people．
B．Competition helps to set up self-respect．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
A 解析：主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．(在现代社会，对于竞争有很多争论。)下文进行了具体介绍。
2．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It builds up a sense of duty．
B．It pushes society forward．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．(有些人高度重视竞争，认为能促进社会的繁荣和进步。)可知，选B项。
3．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”？
A．One’s success in competition needs great efforts．
B．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others．
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills．
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried．
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others． Both are afraid of not being valued．(两者都错误地认为，一个人的自尊在于与别人竞争时的表现，两者都害怕不被重视。)可知选B项。
4．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be paid back．
C．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
D．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition．可知，作者认为竞争中应该去掉害怕失败的心理。
完形填空
The most unforgettable thing during my long summer holiday last year, of course is my trip__1__England．This was my first time to go abroad, so it really made me__2__．
There were quite a lot of interesting places in England, __3__Oxford．When we walked around Oxford, we saw quite a lot of ancient buildings on__4__sides of the streets． One of the most famous tourist__5__in Oxford is Christ(基督) Church．It’s__6__one of Oxford University’s 39 colleges． There is a huge hall in Christ Church, __7__was used as the dining hall at Hogwarts in the Harry Potter__8__．I felt really excited when I heard this．
__9__place that impressed me__10__during my trip was a place called Stratford-upon-Avon．It was a small town． Maybe you haven’t__11__it, but I’m sure you heard about William Shakespeare—the great man’s__12__．In Stratford-upon-Avon, I could__13__Shakespeare’s Birthplace, Shakespeare Countryside Museum, the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, and a lot of places that are connected with__14__．
I went to Shakespeare’s Birthplace． It was the house__15__Shakespeare was born and__16__his early years．__17__sitting room, hallway(走廊), bedrooms, and kitchen were furnished(布置) in 16th-century__18__．I also went to see the Shakespeare Exhibition． It illustrated(以图解说明) Shakespeare’s life and career in both Stratford and London．
I really enjoyed this nice trip to England, __19__I learnt a lot． I’m very happy that I could visit such an interesting__20__．I want to go there again in the future．
1．A．at B．for
C．from D．to
D 解析： 此处强调方向性， 表示“去……”。故用to。
2．A．excited B．disappointed
C．exciting D．disappointing
A 解析：根据上下文可以判断， 这次旅行是令人“激动的”。故用excited。
3．A．for example B．such as
C．as such D．for instance
B 解析：such as强调“列举”， for example和for instance强调“举例说明”。
4．A．both B．either
C．neither D．each
A 解析：both sides of the streets“街道两边”。
5．A．views B．scenes
C．sites D．interests
C 解析：tourist sites“游览地”。
6．A．also B．too
C．still D．yet
A 解析：强调Christ Church“也是”牛津大学的39所学院之一， 故用also。
7．A．that B．which
C．who D．where
B 解析：此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
8．A．novels B．records
C．films D．songs
C 解析：根据常识可知， 此处指这个大厅在《哈利·波特》 的电影中被用作过餐厅。故用films。
9．A．Other B．Every
C．Each D．Another
D 解析：根据上文的意思， 下面要说的是“另一处” 给“我” 留下深刻印象的地方。
10．A．deep B．deeply
C．high D．highly
B 解析：抽象意义的“深深地”， 常用“-ly” 副词。
11．A．thought about B．heard about
C．listened to D．considered as
B 解析：hear about表示“听说”。
12．A．hometown B．office
C．play D．theatre
A 解析：上下文已提到， 此处指伟人的“家乡”， 故用hometown。
13．A．speak B．say
C．talk D．see
D 解析：表示能“看到” 莎士比亚的出生地。
14．A．Shakespeare B．Oxford
C．England D．Harry Potter
A 解析：上下文已提到“莎士比亚”。
15．A．who B．that
C．when D．where
D 解析：where引导的定语从句， 在句中作地点状语。
16．A．paid B．spent
C．cost D．took
B 解析：强调“度过” 其早年生活。
17．A．It’s B．Its
C．It had D．It was
B 解析：形容词性物主代词its相当于the house’s，作定语修饰sitting room, hallway(走廊), bedrooms, and kitchen。
18．A．style B．site
C．shape D．shade
A 解析：in 16th-century style用16世纪的“风格”(来装饰)。
19．A．for which B．which
C．from which D．in which
C 解析：learn from表示“向……学习”。故用from which引导非限制性定语从句。
20．A．place B．town
C．country D．summer
C 解析：指上文提到的England。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Our “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago． My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children aged 6 and under ride their bikes up and down．“I wish I could take one of my children out alone，” said Christie．
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three． And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out．
The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of“Mommy and Me” time． Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first． When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions． McKenzie was smiling broadly． Christie looked refreshed and happy．“She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around，”Christie shared with me quickly． With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention．
Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times． For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently． My stuttering(口吃的) son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak． And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together．
The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child—talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain． Every child deserves(应得到) to be an only child at least once in a while．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一个活动“妈妈和我”，就是妈妈单独和一个孩子在一起并介绍了这个活动的好处。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The experience of the only child being with mother．
B．The advantage of spending time with one child at a time．
C．The happy life of two families．
D．The basic needs of children．
B 解析：主旨大意题。本文在前三段介绍了这个活动的内容，在第四段介绍了这个活动对孩子们的好处，在最后一段总结主题。故选B项。
2．Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were ________．
A．happy B．curious
C．regretful D．friendly
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first． When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions．可知，当她回来时，其他孩子都围着她问了很多问题，说明孩子们是很好奇的。
3．What is one of the changes the author finds in her children?
A．The daughter acts like a leader．
B．Sam holds her hand more often．
C．The boys become better followers．
D．Tom has less difficulty in speaking．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的My stuttering(口吃的) son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak．可知，Tom原来有口吃的毛病，参加了这个活动后说话利索多了。
4．The author seems to believe that ________．
A．having brothers and sisters is fun
B．it’s tiring to look after three children
C．every child needs parents’ full attention
D．parents should watch others’ children
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Every child deserves(应得到) to be an only child at least once in a while．(每个孩子都偶尔至少做一次独生子。)可知，选C项。
B
As a boy I was always small for my age． I was also five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other． As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play． I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn’t want their younger brother to listen to their conversations either． More often than not I found myself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten．
I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in the yard behind our house． We lived miles from town and I hardly saw my own friends outside of school． I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt a single tear coming down my cheek． At that moment I saw a large brown dog walking over to me． He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well． Even though he didn’t know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking(舔) my chin and sitting beside me on the spring grass． It must have been at least an hour that I patted and talked to this four-legged angel． He let me pour out all my troubles and share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye and ambled(缓行) off either to Heaven or his home． I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold I was loved． Now over 40 years later I still remember that angel with a smile．
I believe that God sent him at that moment of sadness to remind me just how much he loved me． There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved． When we are loved, we will learn to love others． Learning to love helps us to understand ourselves and other people better．
【解题导语】 作者讲述了自己总是被孤立的原因。后来一只狗狗的到来让作者感受到了爱，知道自己被爱是世界上最重要的事情。
5．How did the writer feel when his brothers’ friends came?
A．Proud． B．Lonely．
C．Worried． D．Happy．
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play．(结果，他们的朋友来玩时，我经常感到被孤立了。)可知，作者当时的感受是孤独。
6．The writer shared his troubles and thoughts with the dog because ________．
A．the dog was his friend
B．the dog could understand him
C．the dog looked like an angel
D．the dog was friendly to him
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Even though he didn’t know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking(舔) my chin and sitting beside me on the spring grass．可知，这只狗对作者很友好。
7．From Paragraph 2, we can learn that ________．
A．the boy met a long lost friend
B．the boy had no friends at school
C．the dog helped the boy realize that he was loved
D．the dog spent the afternoon with the boy and his brothers
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold I was loved．可知，狗狗让作者认识到自己是被爱的。
8．The author wrote the story to ________．
A．encourage people to talk about their troubles
B．show knowing you are loved is the most important
C．tell people they should treat animals friendly
D．share his unforgettable experience with us
B 解析：写作意图题。根据文中的There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved．(知道我们被爱是最重要的事情。)可知，选B项。
语法填空
When I left for the United States to study, I had butterflies in my stomach． I was nervous because I was going to 1．____________ new place with new people and new customs． I couldn’t even understand 2．____________ (they) language． Everything was different 3．____________ my own country． There was nobody that I could talk to． I just had my husband，4．____________ was a new person for me, too．
It was a sad moment when I had to say goodbye to my family and friends． I didn’t want 5．____________ (leave)my hometown because I 6．____________ (grow) up there and had wonderful 7．____________ (memory) of the place． So, 8．____________ (think)about all these changes made me nervous and I was 9．____________(worry) about my new life． But studying abroad was a decision that I made myself． I had to continue and accept the challenge． I looked forward to 10．____________(visit) my family in the summer vacation．
【解题导语】 作者讲述了初到美国学习的感受和经历。
1．a 解析：考查冠词。此处指去一个新地方，表示泛指，故填a。
2．their 解析：考查代词。此处修饰名词language指“他们的语言”，用物主代词，故填their。
3．from 解析：考查固定短语。be different from“和……不同”，此处指遇到的一切和自己的国家都不同。故填from。
4．who 解析：考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是husband指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
5．to leave 解析：考查不定式。want to do“想要做某事”，动词用不定式，故填to leave。
6．grew 解析：考查时态。文章叙述的是过去发生的事，故用过去时。故填grew。
7．memories 解析：考查名词。memory是可数名词，此处指“很多美好的记忆”用复数，故填memories。
8．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：想到这些变化使我很紧张。此处是动名词做主语，故填thinking。
9．worried 解析：考查形容词。用于系动词was后用形容词作表语，be worried about“担心……”，故填worried。
10．visiting 解析：考查动词形式。look forward to“期望”中的to是介词，后面加动词的-ing形式，故填visiting。
短文改错
At present the computer is playing a important role in our daily life． By using the computer, we are able to learn about some other informations as well as news both home and abroad． We can also make phone calls, send messages by e-mail, go to net schools, but learn foreign languages by yourselves． Beside, it can help us enjoy music, watch sports matches, and play chess or cards． The computer can even help us do some shopping online, have a chat and make the friends with strangers, who greatly improves our living level． In a word, since it appears, our life has become much easy than before．
答案：
At present the computer is playing important role in our daily life． By using the computer, we are able to learn about some other as well as news both home and abroad． We can also make phone calls, send messages by e-mail, go to net schools, learn foreign languages by ． ， it can help us enjoy music, watch sports matches, and play chess or cards． The computer can even help us do some shopping online, have a chat and make friends with strangers, greatly improves our living level． In a word, since it ， our life has become much than before．
课件79张PPT。Unit 8 Adventure本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Nothing would stop him from achieving his ____________(志向)．
答案：ambition
2．What’s your ____________(国籍)？Are you from Britain?
答案：nationality
3．The best ____________(准备) for tomorrow is doing your best today．
答案：preparation
4．I was ____________(震惊) by his sudden appearance．
答案：shocked
5．The time we spent together is now a ____________(久远的) memory．
答案：distant
6．The lost hikers felt ____________(没有希望的)．
答案：hopeless
7．They finished the house ____________(在……之内) half a year．
答案：within
8．The refrigerator is not ____________(运转) well．
答案：functioning
9．She has reached the limit of her ____________(忍耐力)．
答案：patience
10．It is now our ____________(目标) to set up a factory．
答案：aim
单句改错
1．We must hurry up, for time is running out of．____________________
答案：去掉of
2．Aiming at improving our working conditions, the proposal was very popular．____________________
答案：Aiming→Aimed
3．The little boy was speechless with shocking．____________________
答案：shocking→shock
4．My mother asked me to make good preparation for the coming test．____________________
答案：preparation→preparations
5．If he carries on work like that, he will break down in time．____________________
答案：work→working
完成句子
1．在这些人中有一个叫布朗的人。
________________________ was a man named Brown．
答案：Among the people
2．这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。
________________ some advertisements about cars．
答案：Here are
3．这些就是我们时代的最有力的声音！
________________ the most powerful voices of our times!
答案：Such are
4．我的表昨天被人偷去了。
I ________________________ yesterday．
答案：had my watch stolen
5．她一直使听众听得入神。
She ________________________ attentively．
答案：had her audience listening
课文语篇改错
On June, 1910, the race to the South Pole between the Norwegian and the British was in． Amundsen left in 15 October, 1911． He made great progresses because he had teams of dogs pull the sledges and all his men were on skis． They arrived at the Pole on 14 December and became the first to arrive at there． Scott left on 1 November but his two sledges broke down first and then his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow． They finally made them to the Pole and were shocked to find that they had failed win the race． On their dead return journey, they still find time to look for rocks． Their great courage made them into hero．
答案：
On June, 1910, the race to the South Pole between the Norwegian and the British was ． Amundsen left 15 October, 1911． He made great because he had teams of dogs the sledges and all his men were on skis． They arrived at the Pole on 14 December and became the first to arrive there． Scott left on 1 November but his two sledges broke down first and then his horses disagreed with the cold and the snow． They finally made to the Pole and were shocked to find that they had failed win the race． On their return journey, they still time to look for rocks． Their great courage made them into ．
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The computer doesn’t seem to work well．You’d better have it ____________(repair)．
答案：repaired
2．____________(lie) in the corner is a big desk．
答案：Lying
3．The manager is very particular ____________ his clothes．
答案：about
4．After his death, his children will certainly carry ____________ his career．
答案：on
5．They ____________(be) good friends at one time, but aren’t now．
答案：were
6．You cannot pass an examination without ____________(prepare)．
答案：preparation
7．When the news came out, everyone was ____________(shock)．
答案：shocked
8．Perhaps this book will prove ____________(be) of some use to you in your studies．
答案：to be
9．Please remain ____________(seat) during the performance．
答案：seated
10．Her body broke ____________ under the pressure of work．
答案：down
阅读理解
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition． Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity． Others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills． For them，playing well and winning are often life and death affairs． In their single minded pursuit(追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude． In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition． Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society． Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail． They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success． By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try．” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot． Such a loss would be a measure of their worth． Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves． Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others． Both are afraid of not being valued． Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition．
【解题导语】 本文是关于竞争的话题。有的人支持竞争，认为能促进社会进步和繁荣；有的人反对竞争，认为会导致人与人之间的关系变差。作者认为竞争中应该去掉害怕失败的心理。
1．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Opinions about competition are different among people．
B．Competition helps to set up self-respect．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
A 解析：主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．(在现代社会，对于竞争有很多争论。)下文进行了具体介绍。
2．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It builds up a sense of duty．
B．It pushes society forward．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．(有些人高度重视竞争，认为能促进社会的繁荣和进步。)可知，选B项。
3．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”？
A．One’s success in competition needs great efforts．
B．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others．
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills．
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried．
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others． Both are afraid of not being valued．(两者都错误地认为，一个人的自尊在于与别人竞争时的表现，两者都害怕不被重视。)可知选B项。
4．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be paid back．
C．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
D．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition．可知，作者认为竞争中应该去掉害怕失败的心理。
完形填空
The most unforgettable thing during my long summer holiday last year, of course is my trip__1__England．This was my first time to go abroad, so it really made me__2__．
There were quite a lot of interesting places in England, __3__Oxford．When we walked around Oxford, we saw quite a lot of ancient buildings on__4__sides of the streets． One of the most famous tourist__5__in Oxford is Christ(基督) Church．It’s__6__one of Oxford University’s 39 colleges． There is a huge hall in Christ Church, __7__was used as the dining hall at Hogwarts in the Harry Potter__8__．I felt really excited when I heard this．
__9__place that impressed me__10__during my trip was a place called Stratford-upon-Avon．It was a small town． Maybe you haven’t__11__it, but I’m sure you heard about William Shakespeare—the great man’s__12__．In Stratford-upon-Avon, I could__13__Shakespeare’s Birthplace, Shakespeare Countryside Museum, the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, and a lot of places that are connected with__14__．
I went to Shakespeare’s Birthplace． It was the house__15__Shakespeare was born and__16__his early years．__17__sitting room, hallway(走廊), bedrooms, and kitchen were furnished(布置) in 16th-century__18__．I also went to see the Shakespeare Exhibition． It illustrated(以图解说明) Shakespeare’s life and career in both Stratford and London．
I really enjoyed this nice trip to England, __19__I learnt a lot． I’m very happy that I could visit such an interesting__20__．I want to go there again in the future．
1．A．at B．for
C．from D．to
D 解析： 此处强调方向性， 表示“去……”。故用to。
2．A．excited B．disappointed
C．exciting D．disappointing
A 解析：根据上下文可以判断， 这次旅行是令人“激动的”。故用excited。
3．A．for example B．such as
C．as such D．for instance
B 解析：such as强调“列举”， for example和for instance强调“举例说明”。
4．A．both B．either
C．neither D．each
A 解析：both sides of the streets“街道两边”。
5．A．views B．scenes
C．sites D．interests
C 解析：tourist sites“游览地”。
6．A．also B．too
C．still D．yet
A 解析：强调Christ Church“也是”牛津大学的39所学院之一， 故用also。
7．A．that B．which
C．who D．where
B 解析：此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
8．A．novels B．records
C．films D．songs
C 解析：根据常识可知， 此处指这个大厅在《哈利·波特》 的电影中被用作过餐厅。故用films。
9．A．Other B．Every
C．Each D．Another
D 解析：根据上文的意思， 下面要说的是“另一处” 给“我” 留下深刻印象的地方。
10．A．deep B．deeply
C．high D．highly
B 解析：抽象意义的“深深地”， 常用“-ly” 副词。
11．A．thought about B．heard about
C．listened to D．considered as
B 解析：hear about表示“听说”。
12．A．hometown B．office
C．play D．theatre
A 解析：上下文已提到， 此处指伟人的“家乡”， 故用hometown。
13．A．speak B．say
C．talk D．see
D 解析：表示能“看到” 莎士比亚的出生地。
14．A．Shakespeare B．Oxford
C．England D．Harry Potter
A 解析：上下文已提到“莎士比亚”。
15．A．who B．that
C．when D．where
D 解析：where引导的定语从句， 在句中作地点状语。
16．A．paid B．spent
C．cost D．took
B 解析：强调“度过” 其早年生活。
17．A．It’s B．Its
C．It had D．It was
B 解析：形容词性物主代词its相当于the house’s，作定语修饰sitting room, hallway(走廊), bedrooms, and kitchen。
18．A．style B．site
C．shape D．shade
A 解析：in 16th-century style用16世纪的“风格”(来装饰)。
19．A．for which B．which
C．from which D．in which
C 解析：learn from表示“向……学习”。故用from which引导非限制性定语从句。
20．A．place B．town
C．country D．summer
C 解析：指上文提到的England。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Our “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago． My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children aged 6 and under ride their bikes up and down．“I wish I could take one of my children out alone，” said Christie．
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three． And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out．
The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of“Mommy and Me” time． Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first． When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions． McKenzie was smiling broadly． Christie looked refreshed and happy．“She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around，”Christie shared with me quickly． With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention．
Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times． For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently． My stuttering(口吃的) son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak． And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together．
The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child—talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain． Every child deserves(应得到) to be an only child at least once in a while．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一个活动“妈妈和我”，就是妈妈单独和一个孩子在一起并介绍了这个活动的好处。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The experience of the only child being with mother．
B．The advantage of spending time with one child at a time．
C．The happy life of two families．
D．The basic needs of children．
B 解析：主旨大意题。本文在前三段介绍了这个活动的内容，在第四段介绍了这个活动对孩子们的好处，在最后一段总结主题。故选B项。
2．Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were ________．
A．happy B．curious
C．regretful D．friendly
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first． When she returned, the other children showered her with tons of questions．可知，当她回来时，其他孩子都围着她问了很多问题，说明孩子们是很好奇的。
3．What is one of the changes the author finds in her children?
A．The daughter acts like a leader．
B．Sam holds her hand more often．
C．The boys become better followers．
D．Tom has less difficulty in speaking．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的My stuttering(口吃的) son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak．可知，Tom原来有口吃的毛病，参加了这个活动后说话利索多了。
4．The author seems to believe that ________．
A．having brothers and sisters is fun
B．it’s tiring to look after three children
C．every child needs parents’ full attention
D．parents should watch others’ children
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Every child deserves(应得到) to be an only child at least once in a while．(每个孩子都偶尔至少做一次独生子。)可知，选C项。
B
As a boy I was always small for my age． I was also five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other． As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play． I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn’t want their younger brother to listen to their conversations either． More often than not I found myself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten．
I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in the yard behind our house． We lived miles from town and I hardly saw my own friends outside of school． I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt a single tear coming down my cheek． At that moment I saw a large brown dog walking over to me． He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well． Even though he didn’t know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking(舔) my chin and sitting beside me on the spring grass． It must have been at least an hour that I patted and talked to this four-legged angel． He let me pour out all my troubles and share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye and ambled(缓行) off either to Heaven or his home． I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold I was loved． Now over 40 years later I still remember that angel with a smile．
I believe that God sent him at that moment of sadness to remind me just how much he loved me． There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved． When we are loved, we will learn to love others． Learning to love helps us to understand ourselves and other people better．
【解题导语】 作者讲述了自己总是被孤立的原因。后来一只狗狗的到来让作者感受到了爱，知道自己被爱是世界上最重要的事情。
5．How did the writer feel when his brothers’ friends came?
A．Proud． B．Lonely．
C．Worried． D．Happy．
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play．(结果，他们的朋友来玩时，我经常感到被孤立了。)可知，作者当时的感受是孤独。
6．The writer shared his troubles and thoughts with the dog because ________．
A．the dog was his friend
B．the dog could understand him
C．the dog looked like an angel
D．the dog was friendly to him
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Even though he didn’t know me he greeted me like a long lost friend, licking(舔) my chin and sitting beside me on the spring grass．可知，这只狗对作者很友好。
7．From Paragraph 2, we can learn that ________．
A．the boy met a long lost friend
B．the boy had no friends at school
C．the dog helped the boy realize that he was loved
D．the dog spent the afternoon with the boy and his brothers
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold I was loved．可知，狗狗让作者认识到自己是被爱的。
8．The author wrote the story to ________．
A．encourage people to talk about their troubles
B．show knowing you are loved is the most important
C．tell people they should treat animals friendly
D．share his unforgettable experience with us
B 解析：写作意图题。根据文中的There is nothing more important than knowing we are loved．(知道我们被爱是最重要的事情。)可知，选B项。
语法填空
When I left for the United States to study, I had butterflies in my stomach． I was nervous because I was going to 1．____________ new place with new people and new customs． I couldn’t even understand 2．____________ (they) language． Everything was different 3．____________ my own country． There was nobody that I could talk to． I just had my husband，4．____________ was a new person for me, too．
It was a sad moment when I had to say goodbye to my family and friends． I didn’t want 5．____________ (leave)my hometown because I 6．____________ (grow) up there and had wonderful 7．____________ (memory) of the place． So, 8．____________ (think)about all these changes made me nervous and I was 9．____________(worry) about my new life． But studying abroad was a decision that I made myself． I had to continue and accept the challenge． I looked forward to 10．____________(visit) my family in the summer vacation．
【解题导语】 作者讲述了初到美国学习的感受和经历。
1．a 解析：考查冠词。此处指去一个新地方，表示泛指，故填a。
2．their 解析：考查代词。此处修饰名词language指“他们的语言”，用物主代词，故填their。
3．from 解析：考查固定短语。be different from“和……不同”，此处指遇到的一切和自己的国家都不同。故填from。
4．who 解析：考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是husband指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
5．to leave 解析：考查不定式。want to do“想要做某事”，动词用不定式，故填to leave。
6．grew 解析：考查时态。文章叙述的是过去发生的事，故用过去时。故填grew。
7．memories 解析：考查名词。memory是可数名词，此处指“很多美好的记忆”用复数，故填memories。
8．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：想到这些变化使我很紧张。此处是动名词做主语，故填thinking。
9．worried 解析：考查形容词。用于系动词was后用形容词作表语，be worried about“担心……”，故填worried。
10．visiting 解析：考查动词形式。look forward to“期望”中的to是介词，后面加动词的-ing形式，故填visiting。
短文改错
At present the computer is playing a important role in our daily life． By using the computer, we are able to learn about some other informations as well as news both home and abroad． We can also make phone calls, send messages by e-mail, go to net schools, but learn foreign languages by yourselves． Beside, it can help us enjoy music, watch sports matches, and play chess or cards． The computer can even help us do some shopping online, have a chat and make the friends with strangers, who greatly improves our living level． In a word, since it appears, our life has become much easy than before．
答案：
At present the computer is playing important role in our daily life． By using the computer, we are able to learn about some other as well as news both home and abroad． We can also make phone calls, send messages by e-mail, go to net schools, learn foreign languages by ． ， it can help us enjoy music, watch sports matches, and play chess or cards． The computer can even help us do some shopping online, have a chat and make friends with strangers, greatly improves our living level． In a word, since it ， our life has become much than before．
Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
动作动词和状态动词&限制性和非限制性定语从句
单句语法填空
1．He ____________(teach) in China for ten years by the end of last month．
答案：had taught
2．Who is it that the old building ____________(belong) to? Could you tell me?
答案：belongs
3．He was often late for work, ____________ made his boss very disappointed．
答案：which
4．____________ we had expected, the girl failed in the test again．
答案：As
5．The reason for ____________ she cried wasn’t known to most of us．
答案：which
一、动作动词和状态动词
动词按其词汇意义可分为状态动词(state verbs)和动作动词(activity verbs)。动作动词表示一种运动状态，绝大多数动词都是动作动词。状态动词则表示相对静止的状态。
1．动作动词
动作动词既可用于进行时态，也可用于一般时态。动作动词大体可分为三类：
表示延续性动作的动词
work，drink，eat，read，write，walk，run，play，talk，carry，fly，watch等
该类动词用一般现在时表示经常性的、习惯性的动作；用现在进行时表示目前或者现在正在进行的动作
表示短暂性动作的动词
break，open，close，join，jump，hit，knock等
该类动词用一般现在时表示现在一次性的动作；若用现在进行时则表示此短暂动作的多次重复。短暂性动词又称非延续性动词，不与表示一段时间的状语连用
表示转变或者移动的动词
arrive，change，come，go，leave，start，land等
该类动词用一般现在时表示按时间表或者日程安排的将来要做的事；用现在进行时表示按计划、打算的将来要做的事
He reads English in the garden at 5：30 every morning．
他每天早晨5点半在花园里读英语。(延续性动词read用一般现在时表示经常性的、习惯性的动作)
He is watching a football match on TV．
他正在看电视上的足球赛。(延续性动词watch用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作)
Listen！Someone is knocking at the front door．
听！有人在敲前门。(非延续性动词knock用现在进行时表示knock动作的重复)
Hurry up！Our plane takes off at 8：30．
快点！我们的航班8点半起飞。(表示移动的动词短语take off用一般现在时表示按时间表或者日程安排的将来要做的事)
Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts．Our plane is taking off soon． 女士们，先生们，请系好安全带。我们的航班马上起飞了。(表示移动的动词短语take off用现在进行时表示按计划、打算的将来要做的事)
2．状态动词
状态动词表示相对静止的状态，一般不可用于进行时态。常用的状态动词大体可分为三类。
表示感觉、感知的动词
feel，see，taste，smell，hear，sound，seem等
表示心理状态、喜好的动词
understand，think，suppose，believe，know，want，forget，remember，hate，admire，fear，care，like，prefer，regret，hope，object等
表示拥有或者所属等关系的动词或动词词组，该类动词或动词词组往往不用于进行时态
belong to，consist of，contain，cost，include，involve，lack，have，matter，need，want，possess，measure等
Do you hear someone walking about in the next room?
你听到隔壁房间里有人在走来走去吗？(hear为表示感知、感觉的状态动词)
I believe hard work will pay off sooner or later．
我相信努力工作迟早会得到回报的。(believe为表示心理状态的状态动词)
As is known to all，Taiwan belongs to China．
众所周知，台湾属于中国。(belong to为表示拥有关系的状态动词词组，不用于进行时态)
二、限制性和非限制性定语从句
1．定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，限制性定语从句不能与主句分开；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
This is the house which we bought last month．
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house，which we bought last month，is very nice．
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
(1)在非限制性定语从句中，先行词指人的时候，关系代词只能是who，whom，不能用that；先行词指物的时候，关系代词只能用which，不能用that。
(2)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
(3)引导非限制性定语从句的which，as可代替整个主句，相当于and this或and that。二者的区别如下表：
which
as
语义的区别
当主句和从句语义一致时
当主句和从句语义不一致时
位置的区别
句首或句中
句中
含义的区别
有“正如”的含义
没有此含义
Liquid water changes to vapor，which is called evaporation． 液态水变为水蒸气，这就叫做蒸发。
Dave’s always really rude，which is why people tend to avoid him(＝and this is why people tend to avoid him)．
戴夫总是很粗鲁，所以人们总是躲着他。
As I said earlier(＝And I said this earlier)，this research has just started．
正如我之前说过的，这项研究才刚刚开始。
(1)在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语，引导词可以省略，但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省略，且关系代词whom不能用who替换。
He’s the guy (who/whom/that) I was talking about．
他就是我说的那个人。
I spent two hours talking to Kaz，whom I’d met only once before． 我和卡兹谈了两个小时，我和她以前只见过一次面。
(2)关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“原因”，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作原因状语时用for which而不能用why。
No one knows the real reason，for which he was put into prison． 他为什么进了监狱，没人知道真正的原因。
2．非限制性定语从句的应用场合
(1)当关系代词作复合介词的宾语时
He had his right leg broken in playing football，because of which he couldn’t attend school．
他在踢足球时伤了右腿，因为这而不能上学。
(2)当关系代词作of的宾语，且of前有数词、代词或名词时
I have three foreign teachers，two of whom are from Canada． 我有三位外籍教师，其中两位来自加拿大。
(3)当先行词指的是某人只有一个亲属时
My sister，who works in Shanghai，sends me an e-mail almost every day． 我姐姐在上海工作，她几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。(我只有一个姐姐)。
单句语法填空
1．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ____________(not see) for years．
答案：hadn’t seen
2．I ____________(read) half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend．
答案：have read
3．Many young people, most of ____________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams．
答案：whom
4．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____________ the weather may be better．
答案：when
5．As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ____________ he should be able to be independent．
答案：when
6．It is reported that a space station ____________(build) on the moon in years to come．
答案：will be built
7．(2015·湖南高考单项填空)Always ____________(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly．
答案：keep
8．Opposite is St．Paul’s Church, ____________ you can hear some lovely music．
答案：where
9．The number of smokers, ____________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year．
答案：as
10．The books on the desk, ____________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us．
答案：whose
单句改错
1．Charles Smith，that was my former teacher，retired last year．____________________
答案：that→who
2．This story，who I have told you three times，is very touching．____________________
答案：who→which
3．They always talk about the persons and the things which they see on the road．____________________
答案：which→that
4．They rushed over to help the man which car had broken down．____________________
答案：which→whose
5．This is the reason he refused to attend our party．____________________
答案：reason后加why
语法与写作
1．我不喜欢你和你父母说话的方式。
I don’t like the way ____________________________．
答案：that/in which you talk to your parents
2．他是个经验丰富的人，从他那里我们可以学到很多。
He is a man of great experience, __________________________．
答案：from whom we can learn a lot
3．这个女人总是抱怨，使得我们很烦。
The woman is always complaing about everything, ______________________________．
答案：which makes us upset
4．全家人正在吃饭，这时有人敲门。
The whole family ________________________________________．
答案：were having dinner when someone knocked at the door
5．那些花那么好看，很快就卖光了。
The flowers were so nice that they ____________________________．
答案：were sold out in a short time
如何写说明文
文体感知
一、说明文的写作步骤
说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表，文体有报道、投稿、书信等。写作步骤如下：
第一步：审题，确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称；
第二步：在主题句后按提示顺序将各个要点以完整的句子表达出来；
第三步：用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。使用过渡性词必须根据上下文需要的原则，力求自然，决不可牵强附会，让人感觉别扭；
第四步：归纳结尾，对文章的主题作归纳总结，往往与开头部分前后呼应，从而使文章的结构趋于完整。
二、说明文的写作类型
1．人物介绍
简要地介绍某个人的情况，叫作人物介绍。随着社会的发展，人们对信息的输出和输入愈来愈重视。在学习、工作和生活中，常要介绍自己、推销自己或宣传他人，都要作人物介绍。写人物介绍，首先要全面了解这个人，然后根据目的需要选取内容，简明扼要而且突出重点地介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。
人物介绍一般包括以下几点：
(1)出生年月
(2)主要经历
(3)事迹成就
(4)影响、评价
叙述方法：一般按照时间顺序，从外表到性格，从一般经历到创造性的贡献，最后常有结论性的评语。
2．事物、地点介绍
当我们对某个事物的性质、状态、特点、成因、功能和用途等作介绍时，当我们把某一地点介绍给别人时，写出来的文字材料就叫做事物、地点介绍。
对于地点的介绍，常采用地点的空间方位作为介绍的顺序。它能把复杂的地理位置通过分层说明详尽而有条理地解说清楚，给读者一个具体清晰的印象。
根据说明地点的结构特点，介绍顺序一般有定位观察顺序和移位观察顺序。
(1)定位观察顺序
先确定一个固定的观察点，然后或上或下，或左或右，或远或近，按合理的顺序，从不同的方位、角度介绍说明地点。
(2)移位观察顺序
一般按作者的浏览顺序，依次设立一个个观察点，逐步逐层对介绍的地点进行介绍。
常用句式
1．It is located/situated in．．．
2．It lies between．．．and．．．
3．In front of it is．．．，with．．．
4．On its left．．．，and on its right．．．
5．Turning to the left，you will see．．．
6．Walking past．．．，the building that appears in front of you is．．．
7．Opposite to the．．．stands．．．
8．The door on your left leads you to．．．
写作要求
假设有外国友人到你校参观后准备去旅游。请根据要点向他们简单介绍万泉河(Wanquan River)。
1．万泉河是海南岛第三长河，发源于五指山(the Five-finger Mountain)，全长163公里，流入南海。
2．是海南著名的旅游胜地，每年有大批中外游客前去旅游观光。
3．乘汽车去大约要花半个小时；也可以走路或骑自行车去。
4．可以在河上泛舟戏水，欣赏两岸秀丽的风光。
注意：1．词数：100左右；
2．请不要逐字翻译。
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
说明文
话题
万泉河
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①第三长河____________
②参观____________
③远离____________
④步行____________
⑤划船____________
答案：①the third longest river ②pay a visit to ③far from ④on foot ⑤go boating
2．句式
①万泉河全长163公里，是海南的第三长河。
一般表达：Wanquan River is 163 kilometres and is the third longest river in Hainan．
高级表达：(用which定语从句改写句子)
________________________________________________________________________
②乘汽车你需要花费大约半个小时到达那里。
一般表达：You will spend about half an hour getting there by bus．
高级表达：(用It takes．．．句型改写句子)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①Wanquan River，which is 163 kilometres，is the third longest river in Hainan． ②It takes you about half an hour to get there by bus．
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Wanquan River, which is 163 kilometres，is the third longest river in Hainan．It begins in the Five-finger Mountain and enters the South China Sea．It is so famous that every year thousands of Chinese and foreign friends pay a visit to it．It’s not far from here．It takes you about half an hour to get there by bus．You can also go there on foot or by bike．While you are visiting the river，you can go boating on the clear water and enjoy the beautiful view along the banks．It’s really a nice place and well worth visiting．
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The house that he is living in ____________(belong) to my father．
答案：belongs
2．This computer ____________(cost) 2，000 dollars．Is it expensive?
答案：cost
3．These apples ____________(taste) delicious and I have eaten five of them．
答案：taste
4．Look at the kite! How high it ____________(fly)!
答案：is flying
5．The president ____________(arrive) at the airport at five o’clock yesterday．
答案：arrived
6．____________ is known to all, the sun rises from the east and sets in the west．
答案：As
7．This is the room __________ my grandmother used to live．
答案：where
8．China has hundreds of islands, the largest of ____________ is Taiwan．
答案：which
9．The old man has two daughters, both of ____________ work as doctors．
答案：whom
10．The expected results for ____________ he had worked hard seemed hopeless to him．
答案：which
阅读理解
A
Many little girls like flowers, watching butterflies and riding small horses． Many of them also like cars, robots and spaceships． But most girls’ clothing only has pictures of flowers, butterflies or horses．
Two mothers decided to make clothes that include all the things that little girls do and love． Six-year-old Bella loves to play with cars, so her dress has pictures of cars on it． “We haven’t found this type of dress in this store，” Cathy, Bella’s mother says．
The car dress is from a new girl’s clothing line called Princess Awesome． Rebecca Melsky set up the business． She says its products for girls have more designs normally found on boys’ clothes．
It all started two years ago when Rebecca was hoping to buy clothing for her two-year-old, who liked robots, trucks and spaceships．
“One day when I walked through a girls’ store, I thought to myself I wish they’d make one of those beautiful dresses that also have a robot on it because she will love that． And I thought someone, maybe I, should do that．” Rebecca said．
Her friend Eva St． Clair believed she should, and their business was born． The woman sold the first 70 dresses they made at a market． So they decided to expand their business online． “They sold out so fast that I could not make them fast enough． We decided it was time to think about a factory，” Rebecca said．So they started to raise money from people over the Internet． She raised more than $215，000 within days, far more than $35，000 they expected． “Our biggest challenge is how we expand as rapidly as people seem to want us to，” Rebecca said． She hopes Princess Awesome will expand into products for girls of all ages and all interests．
1．Bella’ clothing is special because it has pictures of ________．
A．flowers B．horses
C．cars D．butterflies
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Six-year-old Bella loves to play with cars, so her dress has pictures of cars on it．可知，她的衣服的特别之处在于上面有汽车的图案。
2．Princess Awesome was started ________．
A．by Cathy and Rebecca
B．because of six-year-old Bella
C．with the help of a girls’ store
D．to make unusual clothing for girls
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She says its products for girls have more designs normally found on boys’ clothes．可知，Princess Awesome是制造一些女孩的不同寻常的衣服。
3．The dresses made by Rebecca and her friend ________．
A．sold better online than at the market
B．helped them get a job in a factory
C．were popular among girls
D．were sold expensively
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They sold out so fast that I could not make them fast enough．可知，她们制造的衣服非常受欢迎，卖的很快。
4．What is the most difficult thing Rebecca and her friend will face?
A．Meeting the needs of all girls．
B．How to make interesting products．
C．Raising enough money for their business．
D．How to expand their business．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Our biggest challenge is how we expand as rapidly as people seem to want us to，” Rebecca said．可知，她们面临的挑战是怎样扩大生意。
B
Are you a happy person or an unhappy person? If you’re an unhappy person, please remember that happiness is a choice． You can choose to be happy． What you need to do is to make some changes．
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that life is hard．They see themselves as victims(受害者) of life when something bad happens to them． Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard．But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of complaining all the time．
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that most people can’t be trusted．They don’t think strangers can be trusted．Unfortunately, this thought slowly starts to prevent them from meeting new people． Instead, you should believe in the good in people and stay open and friendly towards people you meet． In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness．
Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous(嫉妒的)． They believe that someone else’s luck is stolen from their own． This is wrong． Instead, you should get inspired and try to achieve more． Learn to believe in unlimited possibilities and don’t get upset, thinking that somebody’s luck limits your possible outcome in life．
Unhappy people consider their future with worry and fear． There’s only so much space between your ears． Unhappy people fill the head space with worry and fear． How can you be happy if you are always in worry or fear? When fear or worry crosses your mind, ask yourself if there’s an action you can take to prevent your fear or worry from happening． If there isn’t, just lay it down because worry or fear does you no good at all．
Everyone will probably swim in negative waters once in a while, but what matters is how long you stay there． Follow the ways mentioned above and then you’ll be much happier．
【解题导语】 快乐是一种选择，我们可以通过做一些改变使得我们更快乐。
5．Though life is full of hardships, we are advised to________．
A．think positively about life
B．get rid of many bad habits
C．see ourselves as hosts of life
D．change our lifestyle for a better mood
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard．But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of complaining all the time．可知，我们应该拥有积极的人生态度才对。
6．What are unhappy people suggested doing in Paragraph 3?
A．Being open to new people．
B．Trusting everyone around them．
C．Spending more time with friends．
D．Being active to talk with new friends．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的．．．stay open and friendly towards people you meet． In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness．可知，作者建议不快乐的人不要拒人于千里之外，而是应该多交些朋友。
7．When comparing themselves with others, unhappy people are likely to ________．
A．think life is unfair
B．know it is wrong to do so
C．get inspired and work harder
D．start to believe in their unlimited possibilities
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous(嫉妒的)． They believe that someone else’s luck is stolen from their own．可推断，不快乐的人看到别人幸运会觉得生活不公平。
8．Which of the following about unhappy people is NOT mentioned?
A．They tend to think life is hard．
B．They hardly trust people they meet．
C．They are often worried about their futures．
D．They want to totally control their lives．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，作者并没有提到不快乐的人想要完全掌控他们的人生，故选D。
语法填空
Having no kid of our own, my wife Alice and I always invited the children in our street to our house for Christmas breakfast．
Last year, however, Alice passed away． I was 1．____________sad that I decided not to invite the children for Christmas breakfast． But Kathy and Peter, my next door neighbors, invited me 2．____________(join) them for dinner on Christmas Eve．
As soon as I arrived, Peter asked me 3．____________the key to my house but didn’t tell me the reason．
4．____________a happy dinner with them, I went home and was surprised to find that my house 5．____________(decorate) by Peter! It was as 6．____________ (beauty) as each Christmas before． At that moment, I hoped that I could serve Christmas breakfast, but I hadn’t made any 7．____________ (prepare)．
Early the next morning, someone rang my bell． I opened the door and saw a little boy 8．____________ (stand) outside． Before I could ask him 9． ____________was happening, he was joined by two of his friends． Within fifteen minutes, my house was full of children, and I had all the food needed for the breakfast! I had breakfast 10．____________ (happy) with the children again．
1．so 解析：该句使用了so．．．that．．．结构，意思是“如此……以至于……”。
2．to join 解析：invite sb．to do sth．邀请某人做某事。
3．for 解析：考查习惯搭配。ask sb．for sth．向某人要某物。
4．After 解析：I went home and was surprised to find．．．是吃完饭后发生的事情，故填After。
5．had been decorated 解析：主语house是谓语动词decorate所表示的动作的承受者，需用被动语态；从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故此处填had been decorated。
6．beautiful 解析：谓语动词为was，再根据as．．．as可知，此处应用beauty的形容词形式。
7．preparations 解析：空格中所填单词在句中作make的宾语，需用prepare的名词形式。make preparations做准备，preparation常用复数形式。
8．standing 解析：see sb．doing sth．看见某人正在做某事。
9．what 解析：句中what was happening是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
10．happily 解析：空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词had，需用happy的副词形式。
B卷
阅读理解
A
A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage．They may be underdeveloped or under-weight．They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence．Besides, these children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults．
The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition．Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons．
The study also connects malnutrition(营养不良) to economic growth in poor countries．A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings． Many of these countries have same economic problems that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly． The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition．
Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition． The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food．The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa．Other parts of the world are also seriously affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru．
The study recommends that developing countries change their ways to deal with malnutrition． Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies． It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care．
The World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between pregnancy(怀孕) and two years is very important． Governments should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period．
1．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us________．
A．malnutrition is the most serious problem in developing countries
B．the relationship between malnutrition and a nation’s economic growth
C．how to develop economics quickly
D．economy is developing slowly in developing countries
B 解析： 段落大意题。该段第一句话就是此段的主题句， 以下内容都是围绕这个主题阐述的， 故选B。
2．The underlined word “recommends” in the fifth paragraph probably means “ ________”．
A．proves B．shows
C．suggests D．orders
C 解析： 词义猜测题。根据下句的“suggests” 可知答案。
3．What would be the BEST title for the passage?
A．Poor Nutrition in the Developing Countries
B．A New World Bank Report
C．Problems in Africa and South Asia
D．Care for Children
A 解析： 标题归纳题。全文主要讲了发展中国家儿童营养不良的问题。
4．According to the World Bank report, which of the following is a way to deal with malnutrition?
A．Control the population growth．
B．Pay attention to the economic growth in developing countries．
C．Provide enough food directly to poor children．
D．Educate mothers with young babies in health and nutrition．
D 解析： 细节理解题。由第五段可知， 这个研究指出处理营养不良的办法是： 在健康和营养方面对有小孩的母亲进行教育， 进一步清洁环境和改善卫生保健。
B
Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone．
Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods． Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods．
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight． The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much． You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy． The following suggestions may be of some help to you．
Do not miss meals． Before you leave home for a feast(宴会)，have a small, low-fat snack(小吃)． This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods． Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables． A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full． Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough．
Better not have high-fat foods． Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them．
Choose lean meat(瘦肉)．Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables．
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints(薄荷) and fruits． They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate．
Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays． A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在节假日既享受美食又不会长胖的建议：吃正餐、饭前喝汤或者水、用小碗吃饭；不吃高脂肪食物；多吃瘦肉和蔬菜；吃薄荷或水果；勤加锻炼。
5．Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may________．
A．bring weight problems
B．bring you much trouble in your life
C．make you worried about your foods
D．make you hate delicious foods
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods．可知很多人担心因为想吃美味的食物而体重增加的问题，故选A。
6．In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you’d better ________．
A．drink much water and have vegetables only
B．not eat the food in high fat
C．not accept invitations to feasts
D．turn away from delicious foods
B 解析：细节理解题。由第五段Better not have high-fat foods． Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them．可知不要吃高脂肪的食物，看起来很油腻的食物里含有很多脂肪。故选B。
7．According to the passage，________is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight．
A．vegetables B．water
C．calories of energy D．physical exercise
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段 Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays． A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories．可知在休假也不要忘了锻炼，饭后20分钟的步行可以燃烧过多的卡路里。故选D。
8．Many people can’t help putting on weight after the holidays because they ________．
A． can’t control themselves
B．go to too many feasts
C．enjoy delicious foods
D．can’t help turning away from the foods
A 解析：推理判断题。在节假日长胖的最主要原因是吃得多没锻炼，综合选项来看A最全面。故选A。
短文改错
In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of Indian． One evening, before hunting in the forest all day, I was returning to the place which I had put up my tent． It was getting dark, but I was walking along a road．Suddenly I saw two eye glaring at me from among the trees． How could I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I look to the right． In the river there had a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth was wide open．
答案：
In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of ． One evening, hunting in the forest all day, I was returning to the place 或 I had put up my tent． It was getting dark, I was walking along a road．Suddenly I saw two glaring at me from among the trees． could I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I to the right． In the river there a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth wide open．
书面表达
国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平、友爱”冬令营活动， 要求报名者提交英文个人简介。假设你是李华，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
姓名：李华
性别：女
年龄：16岁
学校：北京阳光中学(Beijing Sunshine Middle School)
其他：爱好音乐，摄影；善于与人交际，乐于助人；热爱自然，热爱和平
参加冬令营的目的：1．结交朋友；2．了解外国文化；3．……
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
I’m Li Hua, a girl of sixteen, presently attending Beijing Sunshine Middle School． I like music, especially classical music． I’m also interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life． Through my hobbies, I’ve made many friends． In fact, I like meeting new people and enjoy talking with them． Believing we all need help from each other, I appreciate friends’ help, and I’m willing to help anyone in need．
I love life; I love Mother Nature and I love peace． I hate any form of violence．
I would like to join the Peace & Friendship Winter Camp since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures．
课件47张PPT。Unit 8 Adventure本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The house that he is living in ____________(belong) to my father．
答案：belongs
2．This computer ____________(cost) 2，000 dollars．Is it expensive?
答案：cost
3．These apples ____________(taste) delicious and I have eaten five of them．
答案：taste
4．Look at the kite! How high it ____________(fly)!
答案：is flying
5．The president ____________(arrive) at the airport at five o’clock yesterday．
答案：arrived
6．____________ is known to all, the sun rises from the east and sets in the west．
答案：As
7．This is the room __________ my grandmother used to live．
答案：where
8．China has hundreds of islands, the largest of ____________ is Taiwan．
答案：which
9．The old man has two daughters, both of ____________ work as doctors．
答案：whom
10．The expected results for ____________ he had worked hard seemed hopeless to him．
答案：which
阅读理解
A
Many little girls like flowers, watching butterflies and riding small horses． Many of them also like cars, robots and spaceships． But most girls’ clothing only has pictures of flowers, butterflies or horses．
Two mothers decided to make clothes that include all the things that little girls do and love． Six-year-old Bella loves to play with cars, so her dress has pictures of cars on it． “We haven’t found this type of dress in this store，” Cathy, Bella’s mother says．
The car dress is from a new girl’s clothing line called Princess Awesome． Rebecca Melsky set up the business． She says its products for girls have more designs normally found on boys’ clothes．
It all started two years ago when Rebecca was hoping to buy clothing for her two-year-old, who liked robots, trucks and spaceships．
“One day when I walked through a girls’ store, I thought to myself I wish they’d make one of those beautiful dresses that also have a robot on it because she will love that． And I thought someone, maybe I, should do that．” Rebecca said．
Her friend Eva St． Clair believed she should, and their business was born． The woman sold the first 70 dresses they made at a market． So they decided to expand their business online． “They sold out so fast that I could not make them fast enough． We decided it was time to think about a factory，” Rebecca said．So they started to raise money from people over the Internet． She raised more than $215，000 within days, far more than $35，000 they expected． “Our biggest challenge is how we expand as rapidly as people seem to want us to，” Rebecca said． She hopes Princess Awesome will expand into products for girls of all ages and all interests．
1．Bella’ clothing is special because it has pictures of ________．
A．flowers B．horses
C．cars D．butterflies
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Six-year-old Bella loves to play with cars, so her dress has pictures of cars on it．可知，她的衣服的特别之处在于上面有汽车的图案。
2．Princess Awesome was started ________．
A．by Cathy and Rebecca
B．because of six-year-old Bella
C．with the help of a girls’ store
D．to make unusual clothing for girls
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She says its products for girls have more designs normally found on boys’ clothes．可知，Princess Awesome是制造一些女孩的不同寻常的衣服。
3．The dresses made by Rebecca and her friend ________．
A．sold better online than at the market
B．helped them get a job in a factory
C．were popular among girls
D．were sold expensively
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They sold out so fast that I could not make them fast enough．可知，她们制造的衣服非常受欢迎，卖的很快。
4．What is the most difficult thing Rebecca and her friend will face?
A．Meeting the needs of all girls．
B．How to make interesting products．
C．Raising enough money for their business．
D．How to expand their business．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Our biggest challenge is how we expand as rapidly as people seem to want us to，” Rebecca said．可知，她们面临的挑战是怎样扩大生意。
B
Are you a happy person or an unhappy person? If you’re an unhappy person, please remember that happiness is a choice． You can choose to be happy． What you need to do is to make some changes．
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that life is hard．They see themselves as victims(受害者) of life when something bad happens to them． Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard．But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of complaining all the time．
Unhappy people are more likely to believe that most people can’t be trusted．They don’t think strangers can be trusted．Unfortunately, this thought slowly starts to prevent them from meeting new people． Instead, you should believe in the good in people and stay open and friendly towards people you meet． In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness．
Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous(嫉妒的)． They believe that someone else’s luck is stolen from their own． This is wrong． Instead, you should get inspired and try to achieve more． Learn to believe in unlimited possibilities and don’t get upset, thinking that somebody’s luck limits your possible outcome in life．
Unhappy people consider their future with worry and fear． There’s only so much space between your ears． Unhappy people fill the head space with worry and fear． How can you be happy if you are always in worry or fear? When fear or worry crosses your mind, ask yourself if there’s an action you can take to prevent your fear or worry from happening． If there isn’t, just lay it down because worry or fear does you no good at all．
Everyone will probably swim in negative waters once in a while, but what matters is how long you stay there． Follow the ways mentioned above and then you’ll be much happier．
【解题导语】 快乐是一种选择，我们可以通过做一些改变使得我们更快乐。
5．Though life is full of hardships, we are advised to________．
A．think positively about life
B．get rid of many bad habits
C．see ourselves as hosts of life
D．change our lifestyle for a better mood
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Yes, as is known to all, life can be hard．But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of complaining all the time．可知，我们应该拥有积极的人生态度才对。
6．What are unhappy people suggested doing in Paragraph 3?
A．Being open to new people．
B．Trusting everyone around them．
C．Spending more time with friends．
D．Being active to talk with new friends．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的．．．stay open and friendly towards people you meet． In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness．可知，作者建议不快乐的人不要拒人于千里之外，而是应该多交些朋友。
7．When comparing themselves with others, unhappy people are likely to ________．
A．think life is unfair
B．know it is wrong to do so
C．get inspired and work harder
D．start to believe in their unlimited possibilities
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Unhappy people like comparing themselves with others and feel jealous(嫉妒的)． They believe that someone else’s luck is stolen from their own．可推断，不快乐的人看到别人幸运会觉得生活不公平。
8．Which of the following about unhappy people is NOT mentioned?
A．They tend to think life is hard．
B．They hardly trust people they meet．
C．They are often worried about their futures．
D．They want to totally control their lives．
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，作者并没有提到不快乐的人想要完全掌控他们的人生，故选D。
语法填空
Having no kid of our own, my wife Alice and I always invited the children in our street to our house for Christmas breakfast．
Last year, however, Alice passed away． I was 1．____________sad that I decided not to invite the children for Christmas breakfast． But Kathy and Peter, my next door neighbors, invited me 2．____________(join) them for dinner on Christmas Eve．
As soon as I arrived, Peter asked me 3．____________the key to my house but didn’t tell me the reason．
4．____________a happy dinner with them, I went home and was surprised to find that my house 5．____________(decorate) by Peter! It was as 6．____________ (beauty) as each Christmas before． At that moment, I hoped that I could serve Christmas breakfast, but I hadn’t made any 7．____________ (prepare)．
Early the next morning, someone rang my bell． I opened the door and saw a little boy 8．____________ (stand) outside． Before I could ask him 9． ____________was happening, he was joined by two of his friends． Within fifteen minutes, my house was full of children, and I had all the food needed for the breakfast! I had breakfast 10．____________ (happy) with the children again．
1．so 解析：该句使用了so．．．that．．．结构，意思是“如此……以至于……”。
2．to join 解析：invite sb．to do sth．邀请某人做某事。
3．for 解析：考查习惯搭配。ask sb．for sth．向某人要某物。
4．After 解析：I went home and was surprised to find．．．是吃完饭后发生的事情，故填After。
5．had been decorated 解析：主语house是谓语动词decorate所表示的动作的承受者，需用被动语态；从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故此处填had been decorated。
6．beautiful 解析：谓语动词为was，再根据as．．．as可知，此处应用beauty的形容词形式。
7．preparations 解析：空格中所填单词在句中作make的宾语，需用prepare的名词形式。make preparations做准备，preparation常用复数形式。
8．standing 解析：see sb．doing sth．看见某人正在做某事。
9．what 解析：句中what was happening是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
10．happily 解析：空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词had，需用happy的副词形式。
B卷
阅读理解
A
A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage．They may be underdeveloped or under-weight．They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence．Besides, these children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults．
The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition．Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons．
The study also connects malnutrition(营养不良) to economic growth in poor countries．A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings． Many of these countries have same economic problems that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly． The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition．
Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition． The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food．The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa．Other parts of the world are also seriously affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru．
The study recommends that developing countries change their ways to deal with malnutrition． Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies． It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care．
The World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between pregnancy(怀孕) and two years is very important． Governments should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period．
1．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us________．
A．malnutrition is the most serious problem in developing countries
B．the relationship between malnutrition and a nation’s economic growth
C．how to develop economics quickly
D．economy is developing slowly in developing countries
B 解析： 段落大意题。该段第一句话就是此段的主题句， 以下内容都是围绕这个主题阐述的， 故选B。
2．The underlined word “recommends” in the fifth paragraph probably means “ ________”．
A．proves B．shows
C．suggests D．orders
C 解析： 词义猜测题。根据下句的“suggests” 可知答案。
3．What would be the BEST title for the passage?
A．Poor Nutrition in the Developing Countries
B．A New World Bank Report
C．Problems in Africa and South Asia
D．Care for Children
A 解析： 标题归纳题。全文主要讲了发展中国家儿童营养不良的问题。
4．According to the World Bank report, which of the following is a way to deal with malnutrition?
A．Control the population growth．
B．Pay attention to the economic growth in developing countries．
C．Provide enough food directly to poor children．
D．Educate mothers with young babies in health and nutrition．
D 解析： 细节理解题。由第五段可知， 这个研究指出处理营养不良的办法是： 在健康和营养方面对有小孩的母亲进行教育， 进一步清洁环境和改善卫生保健。
B
Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone．
Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods． Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods．
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight． The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much． You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy． The following suggestions may be of some help to you．
Do not miss meals． Before you leave home for a feast(宴会)，have a small, low-fat snack(小吃)． This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods． Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables． A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full． Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough．
Better not have high-fat foods． Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them．
Choose lean meat(瘦肉)．Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables．
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints(薄荷) and fruits． They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate．
Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays． A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在节假日既享受美食又不会长胖的建议：吃正餐、饭前喝汤或者水、用小碗吃饭；不吃高脂肪食物；多吃瘦肉和蔬菜；吃薄荷或水果；勤加锻炼。
5．Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may________．
A．bring weight problems
B．bring you much trouble in your life
C．make you worried about your foods
D．make you hate delicious foods
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods．可知很多人担心因为想吃美味的食物而体重增加的问题，故选A。
6．In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you’d better ________．
A．drink much water and have vegetables only
B．not eat the food in high fat
C．not accept invitations to feasts
D．turn away from delicious foods
B 解析：细节理解题。由第五段Better not have high-fat foods． Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them．可知不要吃高脂肪的食物，看起来很油腻的食物里含有很多脂肪。故选B。
7．According to the passage，________is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight．
A．vegetables B．water
C．calories of energy D．physical exercise
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段 Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays． A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories．可知在休假也不要忘了锻炼，饭后20分钟的步行可以燃烧过多的卡路里。故选D。
8．Many people can’t help putting on weight after the holidays because they ________．
A． can’t control themselves
B．go to too many feasts
C．enjoy delicious foods
D．can’t help turning away from the foods
A 解析：推理判断题。在节假日长胖的最主要原因是吃得多没锻炼，综合选项来看A最全面。故选A。
短文改错
In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of Indian． One evening, before hunting in the forest all day, I was returning to the place which I had put up my tent． It was getting dark, but I was walking along a road．Suddenly I saw two eye glaring at me from among the trees． How could I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I look to the right． In the river there had a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth was wide open．
答案：
In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of ． One evening, hunting in the forest all day, I was returning to the place 或 I had put up my tent． It was getting dark, I was walking along a road．Suddenly I saw two glaring at me from among the trees． could I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I to the right． In the river there a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth wide open．
书面表达
国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平、友爱”冬令营活动， 要求报名者提交英文个人简介。假设你是李华，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
姓名：李华
性别：女
年龄：16岁
学校：北京阳光中学(Beijing Sunshine Middle School)
其他：爱好音乐，摄影；善于与人交际，乐于助人；热爱自然，热爱和平
参加冬令营的目的：1．结交朋友；2．了解外国文化；3．……
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
I’m Li Hua, a girl of sixteen, presently attending Beijing Sunshine Middle School． I like music, especially classical music． I’m also interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life． Through my hobbies, I’ve made many friends． In fact, I like meeting new people and enjoy talking with them． Believing we all need help from each other, I appreciate friends’ help, and I’m willing to help anyone in need．
I love life; I love Mother Nature and I love peace． I hate any form of violence．
I would like to join the Peace & Friendship Winter Camp since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures．
tiring adj． 令人疲劳的
(1)tire v． 使疲倦；使厌烦
tire sb．out 使某人累极了
(2)tired adj． 累的，疲倦的；厌烦的
be tired out 感到累极了
be tired of 厌烦……
be tired with/from 因……而累
anxious adj． 忧虑的，担心的；渴望的
be anxious about 对……着急
be anxious for 渴望；对……担心
be anxious to do sth． 渴望做某事
be anxious that 担心……；渴望……
risk vt． 冒……的危险；使遭受危险
n． 危险，风险
(1)risk doing．．． 冒险做……
(2)at the risk of doing sth． 冒做某事的危险
run/take a risk/risks 冒险
various adj． 不同的，各种各样的
(1)vary vi． 变化；使不同
vary from．．．to．．． 从……到……不同
(2)variety n． 变化，种类
a variety of 多种多样的
amaze vt． 使惊愕(惊奇)
(1)amazed adj． 吃惊的，惊异的
be amazed at/by．．． 对……感到惊奇
be amazed to do．．． 做……感到惊奇
(2)amazing adj． 令人吃惊的
(3)amazement n． 惊讶，惊奇
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
preparation n． 准备，预备；配制品
(1)in preparation for 为……准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
(2)prepare vt． 准备，预备
prepare for 为……做准备
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的
be prepared for 为……准备好
be prepared to do sth． 愿意/准备好做某事
aim n． 目标；目的
vt．& vi． 瞄准；对准；目的在于
(1)with the aim of doing sth．
目的是……
(2)aim to do sth． 目的是做某事
be aimed at．．． 目的在于
go__down (船)下沉；(价格)下跌；(温度等)下降；(洪水等)下落
go against 违反，对……不利
go away 离开，走开
go back 回去
go by 过去，(时间)逝去
take__off 起飞；脱去(衣服)；移去(＝remove)； (事业)腾飞；受欢迎； 休假；突然离开
take down 拆开，拆掉；写下，记录
take in 吸收；收留；欺骗；改小
(衣服)；包括
take on 聘用；呈现；具有
take over 接任，接管
take up 开始从事
turn__up 出现，到达；调大，开大；找到，发现
turn down 拒绝，调小(音量)
turn in 上缴，上交
turn off 关掉
turn out 生产；证明是
turn over 翻页，反复思考
get__across 使理解(某事)
get about 各处旅行(走动)；(消息、谣言等)传开
get over 恢复过来；克服；战胜
get away from 逃脱；逃离；离开；摆脱；
离题；跑题
get through 熬过(困境)；接通电话；达到(标准)；通过(测试)
break__out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
break down 破除； 崩溃；分解
break in 打断，插话
break into 破门而入，突然……起来
break up 打碎；分裂，分解
break off 停止，中断
run__out__of 用完，耗尽
run into 偶然遇到
run over (车辆)碾压
run after 追逐；追求
run across 无意间碰到
carry__on 继续做某事
carry out 实行；执行；完成；实现
carry through 进行到底；完成；实现
carry off 赢得，获得
carry over into 延续；带到
1．while引导的省略句
While on a hiking trip, our cooks prepare delicious meals．
【仿写】 在大厅里时，我看到了那位著名艺术家。
While__in__the__hall,__I saw that famous artist．
2．see．．．doing．．．看到……正在做……
Why was Marco surprised to see people using paper money?
【仿写】 他在街上走着时，看到那个女孩在摘花。
When he was walking in the street, he__saw__that__girl__picking__the__flowers．
3．too．．．to．．．太……而不能……
．．．many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true．
【仿写】 这个句子太长了，我理解不了。
This sentence is__too__long__for__me__to__understand．
4．have．．．doing sth．让……一直做某事
He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis．
【仿写】 那天老师让我在教室外站了很久。
That day my teacher had__me__standing__outside the classroom for a long time．
5．what 引导名词性从句
．．．we are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess．
【仿写】 让我生气的是他又一次说谎了。
What__made__me__angry was that he told a lie again．
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．在大学时，我哥哥主修的是数学。(while省略结构；major)
2．他对一些选修课程也很偏爱。(optional; preference)
3．他学习非常努力，这使得他非常与众不同。(extremely; differ)
4．他的目标是将来做一名著名律师。(aim)
5．为了提高口语技能，他经常找机会表达清楚自己的意思。(in order to do sth．; get．．．across)
6．他继续努力学习，最后实现了自己的抱负。(carry on; ambition)
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One possible version：
While at college, my brother majored in maths． He had a preference for some optional courses as well． He worked extremely hard, which helped him quite differ from others． He aimed to be a famous lawyer in the future． In order to improve his oral skill, he often found some chances to get his meaning across． He carried on working hard and at last he achieved his ambition．
课件22张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
