书面表达学案
【学习目标】
熟知书面表达中提示作文这一题型，会写和写好提示作文。
【试题概括】
提示作文是测试考生语言操作能力和书面交流能力的题型，它能较全面地反映考生所掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、遣词造句和运用英语进行思维的水平。
【命题目的】
提示作文又称材料作文，它是根据所提供的情景或材料进行写作的。它具有题型灵活，内容易受控制，简单易写等特征。考察学生语言操作能力、书面交流能力，考察学生掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、遣词造句和运用英语进行思维的水平。
【尝试练习】
【例1】 由于父母的溺爱，现在许多孩子基本不做学习以外的事情，导致独立生活能力不强。请你根据下面表格中的内容，按要求用英 语写一篇短文，谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何培养自己的独立性。
要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
2．必须包括表格中所有内容，并做适当发挥；
3．行文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名；
4．词数70左右。(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)
注意：须把已给出的短文开头和结尾抄到答题卡的相应位置。
As middle school students，it’s very important for us to be independent. What should we do to make us independent？First，____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I think if we keep on doing these，we’ll become more and more independent.
【例2】 假设你和朋友将在今年暑假参加以“拥抱大自然”为主题的户外拓展夏令营，其中包括小组自由活动。请你为你们小组设计一个活动方案。
提示词语：climb mountains；go fishing；pick fruits；have a campfire (篝火晚会)
要求：1.写明你们组计划要做的具体活动，并给出理由；
2．提示词语仅供参考，可增减内容；
3．词数80～100。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名。
We are going for a camp this summer. I’m glad to make a plan for our group._____________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答题技巧】
常用词汇及句型
1．sth. is getting more and more important… 变得越来越重要
2. There are many reasons on… 关于……有许多原因
3. The reason why…is that… … …的原因是……
4. From my point of view, I think… ……在我看来……
5. As for as I am concerned / in my opinion(view) 我认为是……
6. On one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面
7. Some believe that … while others think that… 有些人相信……而有些人认为……
8. It is very important / difficult / useful / exciting to do…
做……很重要/困难/有用/令人激动
9. First…Second…Last but not least… 首先……其次……最后但同样重要的是……
10. We should…as much as possible. 我们应该尽可能多地……
11. I think it’s my duty to do sth. 我认为做某事是我的职责。
12. We must take measure to do sth. 我们必须采取措施做某事
13. The best way to…is… ……最好的方式是……
14. If we have difficulties in sth., we can…
如果我们在某方面有困难，我们可以……
【学后反思】________________________________________________
【参考答案】
【例1】解析：第一步：认真阅读题目要求，仔细观察表格中的内容。第二步：根据提示内容，把握好文章的中心，适当发挥。选用合适的表顺序的副词使文章条理清晰。第三步：通读全文，检查要点是否遗漏，纠正错误，书写要整洁。
注意：表达培养独立性的方法时，多用祈使句；描述可以做的事情时，可用到can，should，need等情态动词；写作时，时态应用一般现在时，人称采用第一人称，给出的要点不能遗漏，并且注意词数要求。
【参考范文】
As middle school students，it’s very important for us to be independent. What should we do to make us independent？First，let’s begin with our own things. It’s our job to clean our own rooms and make our beds. Second，help with housework. We can help cook or clean the house in our free time. Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves. Third，learn actively. We should learn by ourselves and finish our homework on time. Finally，think about things by ourselves. We sometimes need to make plans or decisions alone. Don’t always depend on others.
I think if we keep on doing these，we’ll become more and more independent.
精彩再现：
①整篇文章结构完整，内容详尽，要点明确。
②层次清晰。先表明自己的观点，后用first，second，third，finally等表顺序的副词把观点一一陈列，清楚明了，条理分明。
③经典句型：
?It’s our job to...
?Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves.
?Don’t always depend on others.
【例2】 解析：第一步：认真仔细地阅读提示，思考所提供的信息，计划文章大致内容。第二步：根据 信息要求遣词造句，连句成文。第三步：通读全文，纠正错误，书写整洁。
写作要点：1.具体的活动要丰富多彩。2.写出安排这些活动的理由。
注意：此文是计划打算，应用将来时态。切忌写成流水账。
【参考范文】
We are going for a camp this summer. I’m glad to make a plan for our group. First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise. After that，we’ll have a fruit?picking competition between boys and girls，which will help us know each other better. What’s more，there will be a campfire. We can enjoy ourselves by singing，dancing and telling stories. Won’t it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends? We are looking forward to the summer camp because we can forget the busy work at school，and I believe we’ll have a wonderful time together.
精彩再现：
① 文章内容完整，叙述清楚，要点一目了然。
②使用了first of all，after that，what’s more表顺序的副词来使文章条理更清晰，更流畅。
③经典句型：
? First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.
?Won’t it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends？
?I believe we’ll have a wonderful time together.
PAGE
书面表达 当堂达标题
Test 1
为了丰富学生的校园生活，学校正筹建各种俱乐部，如英语俱乐部(English club)、写作俱乐部(writing club)、音乐俱乐部(music club)……你想参加哪几个俱乐部? 你对该俱乐部活动的开展有何期盼? 为什么? 请在校园英语论坛上分享你的想法。
内容提示：(1)Which club would you like to join?
(2)What activities do you want to do in the club? Why?
要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；
(2)文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；
(3)词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Test 2
下图是Gina对班上同学的周末活动进行调查后得出的结果。同学们的周末活动真是丰富多彩。想想你和你的同学是如何度过周末的?写一篇名为“Weekend Activities”的文章谈谈你们的周末活动。
要求：(1)语意连贯，句式规范，字迹工整；(2)文中不得出现你的真实校名和姓名；
(3)词数60—80；(4)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Test 3
随着中国的发展，世界各地掀起了“汉语热”。作为中国人，我们更应该学好汉语。请以“My Chinese Learning”为题，写一篇短文。
内容包括：1. 为什么要学好汉语?
2. 谈谈自己学习汉语的经历。
3. 介绍1—2条学习汉语的方法。
写作要求：1. 词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 文中不得出现真实的学校名称与姓名。
My Chinese Learning
With the development of China，Chinese is becoming more and more popular. _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Test 4
中共十八届五中全会提出一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策后，全社会展开了热烈的讨论，某校也就“是否想要个弟弟或妹妹”对部分学生进行了一次问卷调查，请你根据此结果写一份调查报告，并适当阐述你的观点，问卷调查结果如图所示：
注意：1.条理清楚，书写工整，句式规范，标点符号和大小写使用正确；
2．全文字数90左右，文章开头已给出，不计入单词总数。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
Test 1
One possible version:
Of all the clubs，I like the English club best. I want to join the English club because it can improve my English skills. Next year，I will travel to America as an exchange student. I think English Corner is a good place to train and practice my spoken English. Maybe I can make some foreign friends there.
Also，I would like to join the music club. I love singing when I feel tired. After singing some songs，I feel relaxed and joyful.
School clubs are useful and helpful for us. Why not join them and have fun right away?
Test 2
One possible version:
Weekend Activities
In my class, most of my classmates have colorful weekends. In the morning, we usually study at home. In the afternoon, some of us play sports, some play computer games with friends online, others visit their friends and enjoy staying with them. I like surfing the Internet on Saturday afternoon. On Sunday morning, I usually play basketball with my father. That is my favorite time. Girls always like hanging out and going shopping with their friends on Sunday. We are very relaxed on weekends.
Test 3
One possible version:
My Chinese Learning
With the development of China，Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As native speakers，it’s our duty to learn Chinese well. It helps us to understand Chinese culture better.
Chinese was one of the subjects when I was in primary school. At first，I used to be weak in it，and I felt stressed out. My Chinese teacher advised me to read more books. From then on，reading played an important role in my life. I often went to the library which was near my home. I made much more progress in Chinese.
I think reading books is a useful way of learning Chinese well. Also，it’s necessary to practice writing as often as we can. Only in this way can we become a good Chinese learner.
Test 4
One possible version:
Recently，a survey has been made in our school on whether you want a little brother or sister. The opinions are different. About forty percent students think it's good to have a brother or a sister. They can help each other and share the happiness and sadness together. And they won't feel lonely anymore. What's more，they think they'll get more freedom. But others disagree. They think they won't get used to the change. They also worry that their parents won't love them as much as before. Besides，they're afraid that the new baby will be so noisy that it may bother their study. In my opinion，it's hard to say whether it's good or bad to have a brother or sister. But we should respect our parents' choices. After all，they're the persons who will make the final decision.
书面表达 教案
【教学目标】
书面表达突出“用英语做事情”的思想，让所有的学生有话可说，并为能力强的学生提供发挥的空间，减少对学生写作内容的控制，具有一定的开放性。让学生熟知书面表达中提示作文这一题型，会写和写好提示作文。
【重点难点】
题型丰富多样，试题越来越开放，越来越与生活中的热点、焦点相结合。
【命题目的】
提示作文又称材料作文，它是根据所提供的情景或材料进行写作的。它具有题型灵活，内容易受控制，简单易写等特征。测试考生语言操作能力和书面交流能力的题型，它能较全面地反映考生所掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、遣词造句和运用英语进行思维的水平。
【考点解析】
(1)仔细阅读有关的提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。
(2)提示的内容是文章的总体框架，要在提示内容的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定的逻辑关系来写。
(3)根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
【真题例析】
学会自我保护是青少年需要具备的一种意识和能力。请根据以下提示，并结合自己的观点，以“How Can We Protect Ourselves? ”为题，写一篇不少于80 词的短文，谈谈在生活中青少年应该怎样自我保护(self-protection)。
提示：1. never swim alone;
2. be careful to make friends;
3. call the police when you are in danger;
4. eat healthy food;
5. don’t crowd (go upstairs and downstairs)
要求：1. 句子结构准确，要点齐全，内容合理，篇章结构连贯；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名、地名。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
【审题指导】
认真阅读题目所给的文字，提取信息：1. 如何自我保护；2. 不要独自游泳；3. 谨慎交朋友；4. 遇到危险向警察打电话求助；5. 健康饮食；6. 上下楼梯不要拥挤。
写作时：1. 要注意结合实际；2. 要注意逻辑性、合理性、积极性。
【写作提纲】开头：强调自我保护的重要性(one of the most important skills)，明确将要提出一些如何自我保护的建议(Here are some suggestions)。
中间：首先强调交友要谨慎(be careful when we make friends)，其次强调遇到危险，记得要向警察打电话求助(in danger，call... for help)……
结尾：总结全文，呼吁同学们都要学会自我保护，远离危险，减少不安全事件的发生(everyone needs to learn how to... )
【注意事项】1. 本文要谈论的是如何自我保护，写作时用第一人称，显得亲切自然。
2. 描述自我保护注意事项，通常用一般现在时。注意文中要合理运用表示顺序的词：first，second，finally等，使文章显得条理清楚，逻辑性强。
3. 词数应不少于80，不得出现真实姓名、校名。
【参考范文】
How Can We Protect Ourselves?
Self-protection is one of the most important skills for teenagers. But how can we protect ourselves? Here are some suggestions.
First，we should be careful when we make friends. Second，if we are in danger，we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also，we should eat healthily and safely. Besides，we shouldn’t crowd each other when we go upstairs and downstairs at school. Finally，as summer is coming，we must remember it’s dangerous to swim alone.
In short，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger.
【答题技巧】
考生修改时，一定要注意文章长短(词数)是否达到了要求。为了便于辨认，修改好后，还要认真誊写一遍。英语誊写的基本要点如下:
1. 四周应留空。
2. 标题应写在第一行的中央。
3. 段与段之间一般不空行，但每段第一行应缩进4个字母所占的位置。
4. 书写工整、规范，卷面整洁，词间距要一致，尽量避免移行。
5. 要删掉一个词时，用一条粗横线划掉，不要用括号括起来。
誊写完后，还应仔细校阅1至2遍。校阅要逐词逐句进行，注意检查语法、拼写、标点、大小写等方面的错误。校阅是自检的最后一关，应严肃认真地进行，尽可能地消灭一切差错，增强文章的效果。经过以上工作，最后呈现在评卷老师面前的应该是一份干干净净、整 整齐齐、主题突出、语言流畅、用词恰当的作文。
常用词汇及句型
1．sth. is getting more and more important… 变得越来越重要
2. There are many reasons on… 关于……有许多原因
3. The reason why…is that… … …的原因是……
4. From my point of view, I think… ……在我看来……
5. As for as I am concerned / in my opinion(view) 我认为是……
6. On one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面
7. Some believe that … while others think that… 有些人相信……而有些人认为……
8. It is very important / difficult / useful / exciting to do…
做……很重要/困难/有用/令人激动
9. First…Second…Last but not least… 首先……其次……最后但同样重要的是……
10. We should…as much as possible. 我们应该尽可能多地……
11. I think it’s my duty to do sth. 我认为做某事是我的职责。
12. We must take measure to do sth. 我们必须采取措施做某事
13. The best way to…is… ……最好的方式是……
14. If we have difficulties in sth., we can…
如果我们在某方面有困难，我们可以……
【教后反思】
(共19张PPT)
书面表达
【教学目标】
书面表达突出“用英语做事情”的思想，让所有的学生有话可说，并为能力强的学生提供发挥的空间，减少对学生写作内容的控制，具有一定的开放性。让学生熟知书面表达中提示作文这一题型，会写和写好提示作文。
【重点难点】
题型丰富多样，试题越来越开放，越来越与生活中的热点、焦点相结合。
【命题目的】
提示作文又称材料作文，它是根据所提供的情景或材料进行写作的。它具有题型灵活，内容易受控制，简单易写等特征。测试考生语言操作能力和书面交流能力的题型，它能较全面地反映考生所掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、遣词造句和运用英语进行思维的水平。
【考点解析】
(1)仔细阅读有关的提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。
(2)提示的内容是文章的总体框架，要在提示内容的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定的逻辑关系来写。
(3)根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
【真题例析】
(2015·贵州安顺)学会自我保护是青少年需要具备的一种意识和能力。请根据以下提示，并结合自己的观点，以“How Can We Protect Ourselves? ”为题，写一篇不少于80 词的短文，谈谈在生活中青少年应该怎样自我保护(self-protection)。
提示：1. never swim alone;
2. be careful to make friends;
3. call the police when you are in danger;
4. eat healthy food;
5. don’t crowd (go upstairs and downstairs)
要求：1. 句子结构准确，要点齐全，内容合理，篇章结
构连贯；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名、地名。
【审题指导】
认真阅读题目所给的文字，提取信息：1. 如何自我保护；2. 不要独自游泳；3. 谨慎交朋友；4. 遇到危险向警察打电话求助；5. 健康饮食；6. 上下楼梯不要拥挤。
写作时：1. 要注意结合实际；2. 要注意逻辑性、合理性、积极性。
【写作提纲】
开头：强调自我保护的重要性(one of the most important skills)，明确将要提出一些如何自我保护的建议(Here are some suggestions)。
中间：首先强调交友要谨慎(be careful when we make friends)，其次强调遇到危险，记得要向警察打电话求助(in danger，call... for help)……
结尾：总结全文，呼吁同学们都要学会自我保护，远离危险，减少不安全事件的发生(everyone needs to learn how to... )
【注意事项】
1. 本文要谈论的是如何自我保护，写作时用第一人称，显得亲切自然。
2. 描述自我保护注意事项，通常用一般现在时。注意文中要合理运用表示顺序的词：first，second，finally等，使文章显得条理清楚，逻辑性强。
3. 词数应不少于80，不得出现真实姓名、校名。
How Can We Protect Ourselves?
Self-protection is one of the most important skills for teenagers. But how can we protect ourselves? Here are some suggestions.
First，we should be careful when we make friends. Second，if we are in danger，we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also，we should eat healthily and safely. Besides，we shouldn’t crowd each other when we go upstairs and downstairs at school. Finally，as summer is coming，we must remember it’s dangerous to swim alone.
In short，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger.
How Can We Protect Ourselves?
Self-protection is one of the most important skills for teenagers. But how can we protect ourselves? Here are some suggestions.
First，we should be careful when we make friends. Second，if we are in danger，we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also，we should eat healthily and safely. Besides，we shouldn’t crowd each other when we go upstairs and downstairs at school. Finally，as summer is coming，we must remember it’s dangerous to swim alone.
In short，everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger.
【参考范文】
【答题技巧】
考生修改时，一定要注意文章长短(词数)是否达到了要求。为了便于辨认，修改好后，还要认真誊写一遍。英语誊写的基本要点如下:
1. 四周应留空。
2. 标题应写在第一行的中央。
3. 段与段之间一般不空行，但每段第一行应缩进4个字母所占的位置。
4. 书写工整、规范，卷面整洁，词间距要一致，尽量避免移行。
5. 要删掉一个词时，用一条粗横线划掉，不要用括号括起来。
誊写完后，还应仔细校阅1至2遍。校阅要逐词逐句进行，注意检查语法、拼写、标点、大小写等方面的错误。校阅是自检的最后一关，应严肃认真地进行，尽可能地消灭一切差错，增强文章的效果。经过以上工作，最后呈现在评卷老师面前的应该是一份干干净净、整 整齐齐、主题突出、语言流畅、用词恰当的作文。
1．sth. is getting more and more important…
变得越来越重要
2. There are many reasons on… 关于……有许多原因
3. The reason why…is that… … …的原因是……
From my point of view, I think… ……在我看来……
As for as I am concerned / in my opinion(view)
我认为是……
常用词汇及句型
On one hand…on the other hand…
一方面……另一方面
Some believe that … while others think that…
有些人相信……而有些人认为……
8. It is very important / difficult / useful / exciting to do…
做……很重要/困难/有用/令人激动
First…Second…Last but not least…
首先……其次……最后但同样重要的是……
We should…as much as possible.
我们应该尽可能多地……
I think it’s my duty to do sth.
我认为做某事是我的职责。
We must take measure to do sth.
我们必须采取措施做某事
13. The best way to…is… ……最好的方式是……
14. If we have difficulties in sth., we can…
如果我们在某方面有困难，我们可以……
备考2020中考英语专题复习学案 书面表达解题技巧
题型概述
通过分析近三年全国各省市的中考书面表达题，我们发现：中考书面表达题基本以有控制的写作为主，即除提供话题或标题外，一般都会提供写作要点或提示写作内容、给出首句、规定大概词数等。话题大多贴近学生生活，如日常活动、人际交往、家庭、朋友与周围的人等，让学生有话可写；体裁以记叙文和应用文居多，其次是说明文和议论文；提示方式有表格、思维导图、文字、图文等；词数一般为80-100。
中考英语作文常见错误分析
1.审题不清：依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被严重减分。
2.拼写错误?：拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分，而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达，通常会降低作文的档次。?
3.名词单复数问题：名词单复数会造成主谓不一致错误，名词前面缺少限定词造成泛指现象。
4.缺少动词：在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的，但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成。
5.中国式英语的排列：按照汉语表述顺寻罗列单词组句。
6.代词的误用：英语中代词的形式很多，包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分；此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词，而英语中要体现人与物的关系必须用物主代词。
7.句子不完整?：因为对句子结构认识模糊，出现只写半句的现象，这也是造成失分的原因之一。尤其体现在（及物动词 / 不及物动词运用）
8.时态、人称和数的搭配错误：汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化，而对英语来说，这些都至关重要。
9.综合性错误：综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等，以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。
三：中考英语作文构思技巧
（一）审：审就是仔细审题。看清要求，确定体裁、人称、时态等。
（二）列：列就是抓要点。根据要点列出英文短语形式提纲，避免遗漏。
（三）扩：扩就是扩展成句。将所列提纲形成“主+谓+宾。”和“主+系+表。”基本句子结构，注意定语和状语修饰成分位置的使用以及避免中国式英语出现。
（四）连：连就是连句成篇。使用适当的连词和过渡语将表达要点的句子连接成文。
（五）改：改主要从以下几个方面进行自我修改：
1.内容是否完整。 2.时态是否正确。 3.拼写和标点是否正确。
4.主谓是否一致。 5.格式和字数是否符合要求。 6.层次是否清楚。
四、英语书面表达的写作技巧
技巧一：扩句、造句??
1、主语句子主要描述的“人、物、事”名词、代词、动名词Doing sth 、To do sth
2、谓语句中主要描述的“行为动作”行为动词（有不同的时态形式变化）
3、宾语句中行为动作的“承受者或接收者”名词、代词宾格、动名词doing sth 、to do sth
4、表语说明主语“身份特征、性质状况”名词、形容词、
5、定语修饰句中任何成分名词的特点、特征前置定语（单数名词、形容词、单一不定代词、数词、单一动名词doing<修饰用途>）后置定语（to do sth 、介词短语、doing短语、done短语）
6、状语修饰句中“行为动词”单一副词或to do sth 、介词短语、doing短语、done短语
7、造句、扩句规律：
（1）先把信息点进行“缩句”找出句子的主体成分搭建句子结构主体主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 / 主语 + 系动词“是”+ 表语
（2）再把搭建好的句子在固定的位置添加相应的“修饰成分”定语和状语的添加
主语——谓语动词——宾语______ ________ __________ _______ _________ _________
主语——系动词“是”——表语_____ _______ ___ ____ ________ __________
技巧二：连句成文时，表述正确，文字流畅?
连句成段，连句成文——强调要运用恰当的连词或过渡语将信息点句子连接成具有逻辑联系的段落，使文章逻辑结构清晰流畅。
1.表文章结构顺序：First?of?all=at?first?Second==And?then/nextFinally=In?the?end==At?last
2.表并列补充关系的：First of allWhat?is?more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, Above all,
3.表转折对比关系的：However/butAlthough (?从句) + 主句On?the?one?hand…On?the?other?hand…??
4.表因果关系的：Because + 句子So + 句子/As?a?result?, + 句子
5.表目的关系：主句 + in order that / so that + 目的状语从句
6.表条件关系：主句 + if / unless / as long as + 条件状语从句
7.表换一种方式表达：In?other?words, +句子That means + 句子This is to say+ 句子
8.表进行举例说明：For?example，句子;such?as+n/doing?
9.表陈述事实：In?fact?
10.表达自己观点：As?far?as?I?know / In?my?opinion?，+句子
11.表总结：In?short，In?a?word，General speaking, + 句子
技巧三：：“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点”
结构：中考最流行的结构就是三段式，“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。
要点：要点要齐全（隐藏要点和明面列出的要点）
逻辑：这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑关系连词，体现文章的连贯性和行文的流畅性。
语法：指句型、句子结构、时态、词汇短语错误。
亮点：短文要有体现突出色彩的句型并与从句、状语从句、固定句型
中考英语阅卷老师看写作主要有三个标准：
1）结构2）内容要点 3）语言（词组搭配、句型、句式变化、过渡词）看结构和内容要点定分数档，看语言给成绩。这是中考英语阅卷的潜规则。
技巧四：：中考英语作文常用句型
1. It's important (necessary) for sb. +to do sth.做某事对某人来说……
2. It's no use/no good doing sth .做某事没有用处/没有好处。
3. There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事。
4. There is no point in doing sth.做某事毫无意义
5. What about + doing sth？How about + doing sth？……怎么样？
6. The reason why +(表示结果句子) is that + (表示原因句子)。……的原因是……
7. That is why + (表示结果句子)。那就是……的原因。
8. That is because + (表示原因句子)。那是因为……
9. It is said/reported that +(事件陈述句子)。据说/据报道……
10. There is no doubt that +(事件陈述句子)。毫无疑问……
11. It goes without saying that + (事件陈述句子)。不言而喻，/毫无疑问……
12. As is known to all，+(事件陈述句子)。众所周知，……
13. It is generally/publicly known/considered that…众所周知……
14. As we all know, +(事件陈述句子)。据我们所知，……
15. It's time to do sth./It's time for sth.是该做某事的时候了。
16. It's better/best to do sth.最好做某事。
17. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人话多少时间做某事。
18. sth. costs. some mony.某物花了某人多少钱。
19. sb. spends some time/mony(in)doing sth.某人花多少时间/金钱。
20. sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付了多少钱。
21. Among various kinds of …， +(陈述句子)。 /= Of all the …， +(陈述句子)。
在各种……之中，……???
22. In my opinion, +(观点陈述句子)。= As far as I am concerned, +(观点陈述句子)。
就我的看法……；我认为……
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but also is harmful to health.
就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
23.??With the increase/growth of the population, +(问题陈述句子)。随着人口的增加……
? With the development of science and technology, +(问题陈述句子)。随着科技的进步……?
24. 状语从句
A）如果你不……，你就会……??? If you don't …， you'll …
例︰If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance.
如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。
B）如此 ……，以至于……???? so … that …
例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.
当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。
C）每当……就……
每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。
Whenever I hear …， I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I do …， I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。
Whenever I think of …， I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。
Whenever I meet with …， I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。
Whenever I see …， I cannot but feel surprised.
25. 宾语从句
我认为，……? / 我认为……不?? I think / I don't think that +(事件陈述句)。
我想知道是否……??????????? I wonder whether +(事件陈述句)。
技巧五：：中考英语作文常用功能句型
1. 提建议
had better (not) do 最好(不)做
how about / what about doing? …怎么样?
I think you should do 我认为你应该…
I suggest that you should do? 我建议你做…
If I were you, I would do…我要是你的话，我会做…
It’s best to do? 最好做…
Why not do / why don’t you do…? 为什么不…
2. 表示喜欢和感兴趣
like / love doing / enjoy doing
be fond of doing 喜欢做… / be keen on doing 喜欢做…
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B
be interested in doing = show/ take a great interest in doing??? 感兴趣
3. .努力做…
try to do努力做…
try one’s best to do= do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做…
make efforts to do = make every effort to do 尽力做…
do what sb can (do ) to do 尽力做… spare no effort to do 不遗余力的做…
4. 打算做… / 计划做…
intend / plan to do 打算做… be going to do 打算/计划做…
decide to do 决定做…
determine to do决定做… be determined to do决定做…
make up one’s mind to do下定决心做…
5. 表示想/希望
want to do = would like to do 想做…
hope to do? 希望做… expect to do 期待着做…
wish to do? 希望做… consider doing 考虑做…
6. 只加doing 作宾语的动词
finish 完成practice 练习 suggest建议 consider 考虑 mind 介意 enjoy 喜欢doing
固定搭配
look forward to doing 盼望做… keep on doing 坚持做…
dream of doing 梦想做… can’t help doing 情不自禁地做…
keep / stop / prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做…
be busy (in ) doing??? be busy with + 名词??? 忙于做…
spend time / money (in )doing?? spend time / money on + 名词??? 花费时间做…
have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心
have trouble / have problem / have difficulty (in) doing?? 做…有困难
【强化练习】2019中考英语倒计时考前冲刺——经典热门书面表达
【1】
.第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将于2019年在中国举办。组委会向社会征集志愿者。假设你是新华中学学生李华，请按上面的要求给组委会写一封应聘信。
要求：1.热情、有礼； 2.熟悉中国传统文化； 3.英语口语流利。
生词：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛the Belt and Road Forum for international Cooperation
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Sir or Madam,
Thank you for reading my letter. As the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation is coming, I'd like very much to be a volunteer.
All our citizens are looking forward to this special event. First of all, I promise I will, with great passion, try my best to serve our distinguished guests from home and abroad politely. Besides, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history and especially traditional culture, which enables me to spread our splendid culture. What's more, I'm good at English and Chinese, which will play an important role in communication during the forum.
To sum up, I believe I can be a excellent volunteer. I will try my best if I'm accepted.
【2】
同学们,三年的英语学习就要结束了,你进展如何呢?现在学校"男神女神墙"上榜人物评选活动正在火热进行中,请你推荐(recommend)一个心目中的人选(可以是同学、老师或自己),用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍一下他/她或你自己的情况。
内容要求:1.介绍他/她或你自己的个人信息:姓名、年龄、生日等;
2.介绍他/她或你自己的兴趣爱好(至少3个方面)并简要说明理由;
3.你推荐他/她或你自己的原因,或者他/她对你产生什么好的影响。
注意:短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Hello, everyone, I have a right person for this "wall". His name is Tom.He is 14 years old this year.His birthday is on May 1st. He has short hair and wears a pair of glasses.He is tall and a little bit stronger than I am.In my eyes, he is a clever and cool boy.
Tom is a basketball star in my class.He plays basketball very well.He often plays it with us after school.His favorite day is Monday and Friday because we have P.E.on Monday and Friday.It's his favorite subject.And we can play basketball.Tom has good eating habits.He loves fruit and vegetables very much.He thinks they're healthy food.He also likes ice-cream, but he doesn't eat it because he doesn't want to be fat.
I recommend him because he is cool and fun; he is good at playing sports.And he is my best friend.
【3】.
假定你是李平,请你对意大利交换生Armino的邮件进行回复,词数80左右。
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【答案】
Hi Armino,
Glad to hear from you again. As you mentioned in your email, there are indeed some table manners in China. For example, we are not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table. And it's impolite to point at anyone with chopsticks. As for places of interest, I advise you to go to the Hangzhou National Tea Museum, where you could watch tea ceremony performances and drink tea.
I'm looking forward to seeing you!
Li Ping
【4】
在过去的日子里,我们有过欢笑,也有过泪水……照片,或将这些精彩定格,或勾起你对往事的回忆。某英语网站向你发出邀请,请你按要求用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,分享你照片背后的故事。
内容要求:(1)描述你的照片(时间,地点,人物……);
(2)分享你的故事(起因,经过,结果……);
(3)谈谈你的感受(感动,怀念,影响……)。
注意:故事必须原创;短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
This is a photo that is very special to me. In the photo,I was 10 while my dad looked younger. Look, we were playing ping-pong happily.
I used to be a ping-pong player. My dad trained me so hard, though he was tired after a day's work. Once, I lost a game and I felt so sad that I wanted to give up. My dad said nothing, sitting quietly with me. The next morning, I found a piece of paper. It said, "Never give up, dear. I am proud of you!"
Now, I spend less time playing ping-pong because of my busy study. But I will never forget what my father told me. He is proud of me. How lucky I am to be his daughter!
【5】
发明改变了世界,同时也改变了我们的生活。例如,电视给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利。请你以"Inventions"为话题,根据提示写一份值日生报告。先介绍电视的用途,再发挥想象,说说你想发明的东西,并说明其用途和理由。
注意:1.报告须包括以上所有提示的信息,但不要逐字翻译,可适当发挥,使行文连贯;
2.发明的东西可大可小,有用即可;
3.词数80个左右。开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone! Today I'm going to talk about inventions.
Inventions are created every day because people would like to make life easier.There are many famous inventions, such as TV, smart phones, computers and so on.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I think TV is the most important and useful invention in the world.TV provides us with different kinds of information and colorful programs so that we can know more about the world.We watch entertainment programs to relax.Besides, some learning programs help us with our study.
Though there have been many great inventions, I wish to invent a kind of pen which can help us write more quickly and neatly.When we meet problems in doing our homework or taking exams, it will tell us what to do.
That's all.Thank you very much.
【6】
假设下周是"校园环保活动周",你班为响应学校号召,打算出一期以"低碳环保"为主题的英语黑板报。请你根据下面的内容提示用英语写一份环保倡议书,作为黑板报的一部分。
内容提示:·节约用水 ·节约用电 ·尽量选择公共交通(public transportation)出行
·爱护花草树木 ·少看电视、少玩电脑游戏,多进行户外活动
注意:(1)内容可适当发挥;
(2)80词左右;
(3)开头已给出,不计入总词数。
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【答案】
Do you want to make our city a more beautiful place and then be a green person? If so, here are some ideas.
First, don't waste water.We can save water by taking shorter showers or turning off the water when we brush our teeth.Second, we should always turn off the lights when we leave a room to save electricity.Third, we had better take public transportation as much as possible, like taking a bus.Fourth, we should take good care of trees and flowers.They are good for our environment.Last, we should spend more time doing outdoor activities rather than staying at home watching TV or playing computer games.This not only helps save energy, but also helps us to keep fit.
These are small things, but they can make a difference to our environment.Let's take action now!
【7】
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐理由； 2.相关课程，如中国历史，传统文化等。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：孔子学院Confucius Institute
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【答案】
Dear Jack,
I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native.
Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects. You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing. Also, you have more chances to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day. Some relevant activities will be held during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.
I am looking forward to hearing from
Yours,
Li Hua
