什么是文化冲击？什么原因导致了文化冲击的形成？对于文化冲击我们该如何回应？下面的文章会告诉你答案。
Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation(迷茫) that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations.Many things contribute to it—smells，sounds，flavors，the very feeling of the air one is breathing.Of course，the natives’ unfamiliar language and behavior contribute to it，too.People’s response to culture shock varies greatly，from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal(撤回)，depression，physical illness and hostility.A particular individual might react to culture shock one way one day and another the next.
The view of culture shock calls two useful points to mind.Firstly，most people experience some degree
of culture shock when they go to a new country，whether they admit it to themselves and others or not.Culture shock is more a product of situation of being in a new culture than it is of the traveller’s personal character.
Secondly，culture shock，like other kinds of“shock”，is normally temporary(临时的)．It passes with time.
Academic analysts(分析家) of the culture shock idea point out that the experience of culture shock need not be negative.While there may be some unhappiness and unpleasantness along with the confusion and disorientation，the confusion and disorientation are necessary steps in learning about a new culture.If everything in the new place is just like home，no learning will come from being there.
Section Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending
1．owe vt. 欠(情、债等)
2．absorb vt. 理解， 掌握；吸收
3．exchange vt. 兑换，交换
4．cheque n. 支票
5．wander vi. 漫游， 闲逛
6．anyhow adv. 总之， 反正；不管怎样
7．book vt. 预约， 预订
8．brief adj. 短暂的， 简短的→briefly adv.简短地
9．expectation n．期待的事物， 预期→expect vt. 期待
10．tasty adj. 美味的→taste n. 口味
11．laughter n. 笑；笑声→laugh vi. 大笑
12．majority n. 大半， 大多数→major adj.主要的
13．reasonable adj. 合理的， 正当的→reason n. 原因
1．get__used__to 习惯于
2．first__of__all 首先
3．as__a__result 结果
4．at__least 至少
5．look__forward__to 期待
6．put__sb.__up 为某人提供膳宿
7．give__up 放弃
8．put__off 推迟
1．wish后从句中的虚拟语气
I wish your visit wasn’t__going__to__be__so__brief(不会这么短) but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week.
2．现在分词作定语
There are people from all over the world living__here(住在这里的) and as a result，there are many international restaurants.
3．不定式作状语
To__avoid__getting__confused(为了避免困惑) about the British tipping system，you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not.
4．even though即使
But even__though__some__British__people__are__quite__strange(尽管有些英国人有点儿奇怪)，the majority of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．The letter to Aunt Mei was written________．
A．before Aunt Mei’s visit to London
B．during Aunt Mei’s visit to London
C．after Aunt Mei’s visit to London
D．until Aunt Mei’s visit to London
2．Xiaojin was writing the letter to________．
A．make an apology to Aunt Mei
B．thank Aunt Mei for her visit to her
C．invite Aunt Mei to visit London
D．tell Aunt Mei something about London
3．When hiking in the English countryside，one had better________．
A．not wander through the fields
B．not eat the mushrooms he/she picks
C．wear warm clothes
D．listen to the weather report before going
4．From the letter，we know many things about Britain EXCEPT________．
A．what for breakfast
B．tipping system
C．education
D．weather
答案：1－4.ADCC
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．I wish your visit wasn’t going to be so brief but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week.
本句是一个由but连接的________句。第一个分句是复合句；I wish是主句；其后是省略that的宾语从句；第二个从句中we can do and see in a week是____________从句。
[尝试翻译] ______________您的来访时间不会__________，但是__________我们也有很多事情可以做，有很多地方可以参观。
答案：并列；定语；我真希望；这么短；一周内
2．I don’t know what your expectations are of London, but knowing that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.
本句是由but连接的并列句。第一个分句中what引导__________从句；第二个分句中knowing that...是现在分词短语作状语；that引导________从句；I’d tell you...是宾语从句；what引导宾语从句。
[尝试翻译] 我不知道____________________，但是我知道您______________亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我想告诉您一些______________。
答案：宾语；宾语；您对伦敦有什么期望；从来没有去过；您想知道的事情
Visiting Britain
Dear Aunt Mei，
I can’t believe I’ve been in London for 6 months already! I certainly owe① you an apology②for not writing more often. I’ve just been so busy studying③and trying to absorb④all the new things around me—I think I’m still experiencing culture shock. There is so much here that is different from home⑤.But you’ll soon experience it all yourself! I wish your visit wasn’t going to be so brief⑥but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week⑦.I’m just so glad you can afford to visit⑧me and I refuse to let you pay for anything while you’re here!
I don’t know what your expectations⑨are of London, but knowing that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia⑩，I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find?.
①owe [??] vt.欠(情、债等)；owe...to...把……归功于……
②apology [?'p?l?d?i] n．道歉，认错make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉apologize v．道歉
③be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
④absorb [?b's??b] vt.理解，掌握；吸收be absorbed in...全神贯注于……
⑤that引导定语从句，修饰so much。
⑥brief [bri?f] adj.短暂的，简短的briefly adv.简要地
⑦此处是省略关系代词的定语从句。
⑧afford to do sth.负担得起做某事
⑨expectation [?ekspek'te???n] n．期待的事物，预期beyond one’s expectation超出某人的期待
⑩此处是现在分词作状语，表示原因。
?此处的what引导宾语从句。
游览英国
亲爱的梅姨，
真不敢相信我已在伦敦待了6个月了！没有经常给您写信我非常抱歉。我一直忙于学习，了解身边的新事物——我觉得自己还在经历文化冲击。这儿很多事情和国内不一样。不久您就会亲身体验了！我真希望您的来访时间不会这么短，但是一周内我们也有很多事情可以做，有很多地方可以参观。您能抽时间来看我，我真是太高兴了。您在这儿期间我不会让您花钱的！
我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有去过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我想告诉您一些您想知道的事情。
First of all? , the food. When I first got here, I was amazed to find that London is such an international city? There are people from all over the world living here? and as a result?， there are many international restaurants. Do you know that almost every town in Britain has at least? one Chinese restaurant? But British people hardly ever eat Chinese food for breakfast. You’re going to have to get used to? bacon? and eggs with a few slices? of toast?for breakfast over here, Aunt Mei!
And a word of advice. To avoid getting confused about the British tipping system? ，you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not. If it isn’t, I suggest leaving? 10% of the bill for the waiter? or waitress? —even a bit more if the service is good. Talking of? money—it’s really easy to exchange? traveller’s cheques? at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.
? first of all首先after all毕竟
?此处的不定式作状语，表示原因。
?此处的现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。
?as a result结果as a result of因为……
?at least至少at most至多
?get used to 习惯于……
?bacon ['be?k?n] n．腌猪肉，熏猪肉
?slice [sla?s] n．薄片，片
?toast [t??st] n．烤面包；祝酒，干杯
此处的不定式作状语，表示目的。avoid doing sth.避免做某事
suggest doing sth.建议做某事
waiter ['we?t?] n．(餐厅)服务员
waitress ['we?tr?s] n．(餐厅)女服务员
talk of 说到……
exchange [?ks't?e?nd?] vt.兑换，交换in exchange for...交换……
cheque [t?ek] n．支票
首先，是食物。我刚到时对于伦敦这样一个国际化的城市感到吃惊。这里的人来自世界各地，因此有许多各个国家的餐馆。您知道吗？在英国几乎每个镇子都有一家中国餐馆。但是英国人早饭不吃中餐。梅姨，您得适应这里腌肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早餐。
一点建议。为了避免对英国小费制度的困惑，您要查看账单上是不是包括小费。如果不包括，我建议您给服务生或服务小姐留10%——甚至可以再多一点儿，如果您认为他们服务得好。谈到钱，在银行或饭店兑换旅行支票非常容易，所以我建议您来之前准备一些支票。
I think we should consider staying? in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy hiking?.We can wander? through the fields and even pick a few mush-rooms? to have with our breakfast! I have learnt which ones are tasty? and safe to eat so we won’t risk?getting sick! And don’t forget a warm coat! It can get pretty cold and foggy? in this country.
One last thing, I didn’t understand British humour at all when I first got here. The British find the strangest things funny！?We’re certainly more used to Chinese humour so don’t be surprised if you hear laughter? when you don’t think anything’s funny?.They’re not laughing at you! But even though some British people are quite strange?, the majority? of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends?.
Anyhow?, I’d better get back to work. I am so looking forward to your visit, Aunt Mei!
Love Xiaojin.
consider doing sth.考虑做某事
as引导原因状语从句。
wander ['w?nd?] vi.漫游，闲逛
mushroom ['m??ru?m] n. 蘑菇
tasty ['te?sti] adj.美味的taste n．口味
risk vt. 冒险； risk doing sth.冒险做某事
foggy ['f?ɡi] adj.多雾的fog n. 雾
此处是“find ＋ 宾语 ＋宾补”结构。
laughter ['lɑ?ft?] n．笑；笑声
so引导并列句；if引导条件句；when引导时间状语从句。
even though即使，引导让步状语从句。
majority [m?'d??r?ti] n．大半，大多数
make friends交朋友
anyhow ['en?ha?] adv.总之，反正；不管怎样
我知道您喜欢远足，我想我们应该在英国的乡村住几天。我们可以在田野中漫步，甚至可以采些蘑菇和早饭一起吃！我学会了识别哪些蘑菇好吃又安全，所以我们不会冒生病的危险！别忘记带保暖外衣！英国会很冷的，而且多雾。
最后，我刚到时一点儿都不懂英式幽默。英国人认为最奇怪的事情好笑！我们比较习惯中国式的幽默，所以您觉得没什么好笑时听到笑声，不要感到吃惊。他们不是在笑您！尽管有些英国人非常奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，而且我已经结交了一些好朋友。
好了，我得回去工作了。梅姨，我期待着您的来访！
爱您的小金
A卷[学生用书P125(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
Book 1 Elixir written by Eric Walters
Twelve-year-old Roth becomes a friend of Dr. Banting and his assistant, Mr. Best, who are doing research on a cure for diabetes(糖尿病). She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.
Book 2 George Washington Carver written by Elizabeth Macleod
Meet the “Peanut(花生)Specialist”， George Washington Carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. Through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern United States. See also Macleod’s Albert Einstein: A Life of Genius.
Book 3 The Inuit Thought of It: Amazing Arctic Innovations written by Alootook Ipellie & David MacDonald
Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival. From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people. Also see other books: The Chinese Thought of It by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald.
Book 4 Made in Canada: 101 Amazing Achievements written by Bev Spencer
What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection? Here are 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian, including the Blackberry, alkaline(碱性) batteries and the Blue Box recycling program.
Book 5 Newton and the Time Machine written by Michael McGowan
Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close. But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, King Herbert and Queen Certrude, can he save them before time runs out?
【解题导语】 本文介绍了四本书的具体情况。
1．Which of the following best describes Roth’s feeling in Book 1?
A．Painful. B．Curious.
C．Frightened. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.可以推知，Roth的感觉是痛苦的，故选A项。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.
B．Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.
C．Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr. Banting.
D．George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the U．S.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.和 Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.可知，这两本书都提到了动物。
3．In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are________．
A．Newton’s human friends
B．the names of the time machine
C．two dinosaurs
D．the inventions of the time machine
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.可知，此处指的是Newton的大朋友——两只恐龙。
4．If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by ________．
A．Elizabeth Macleod
B．Eric Walters
C．Rocky London & David MacDonald
D．Bev Spencer
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald可知本题答案为C项。
B
You may think the days of childhood would rank as most people’s happiest. But, in fact, men are happiest at 40 while women are most satisfied at 38 when they are fit and healthy and have good friends.
A survey showed that the best moments in life are the birth of a first child, your wedding day and the birth of grandchildren.
The research involved questioning 1，000 people aged 70 or older. They were asked about their happiest moments and their biggest regrets in life. More than half the people questioned said they had no regrets in life, but the most common regrets were choosing the wrong career and not running after lifelong dreams.
Other happy moments to make the top ten included the day you retire, moving into a new home, seeing your child’s first steps and meeting the man or woman of your dreams.
One in ten of those with regrets wished they had worked harder in school and seven percent regretted not travelling the world more. The other two to make the top five regrets were getting divorced and getting married too soon.
The top piece of advice the researchers offered to younger generations was to never take the people you love for granted. Other top pearls__of__wisdom were “believe in yourself”， “nothing worth having comes easy” and “don’t hold grudges(怨恨)”．
Matthew Gledhill, who took part in the survey, said: “The message from those with the most life experience is that the key to happiness is to worry less and live in the moment with the people you care about most. As much as people look to the future and try to climb career ladders, our research clearly shows that happiness is linked much more heavily to relationships, friends and family than social status.”
【解题导语】 本文是关于人的幸福感的调查，涉及到最幸福的时刻，最遗憾的事情等。
5．According to the survey, which of the following is the best moment in life?
A．The day you retire.
B．Seeing your child’s first steps.
C．The birth of a first child.
D．Meeting the people of your dreams.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的A survey showed that the best moments in life are the birth of a first child可知，第一个孩子出生时，是最幸福的时刻之一。
6．Among people who had regrets, most thought that ________．
A．they had got married too soon
B．they hadn’t travelled the world enough
C．they hadn’t worked hard enough in school
D．they had chosen the wrong career
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的but the most common regrets were choosing the wrong career and not running after lifelong dreams可知，选错了职业是很多人最后悔的事情。
7．The underlined words in the sixth paragraph refer to ________．
A．the biggest regrets
B．useful and wise tips
C．the happiest moments
D．a list of don’ts
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的The top piece of advice the researchers offered和本句中的other可知，此处指的是有用的提示。故选B项。
C
I ran into quite a few language problems while vacationing with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her“pants were dirty”. They looked at her in amazement, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain，“pants”means underpants or knickers(内裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie—From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David—From Britain
When I asked for the“restroom”in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使……明白) someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom—From America
Last summer we went on a two-week family touring holiday, so Dad hired a car over the Internet. This was an old vehicle and there turned out to be lots of things wrong with it. When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for“boot” was “trunk”. In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem.
Mary—From Britain
【解题导语】 本文介绍了由于语言差异而导致的一些误解和尴尬。
8．Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, other people were in amazement because ________．
A．Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans
B．Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty
C．they mistook “pants” in America for underpants
D．they didn’t know English
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的But in Britain，“pants”means underpants or knickers(内裤), not trousers as it does back home.可知，在英国，pants 指的是内裤，而不是裤子。
9．Which of the following words is from British English?
A．Pants. B．Ground floor.
C．Restroom. D．Trunk.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.可知，ground floor来自英国英语。
10．When Tom asked for the“restroom”， the people around him thought ________．
A．he wanted to have a rest
B．he wanted the toilet
C．he wanted a chair
D．he wanted to go to a department store
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的When I asked for the“restroom”in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”．可知，人们认为他想休息。
11．The underlined word “garage” is probably “________”．
A．a parking place
B．a car
C．a gas station
D．a place to repair cars
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的This was an old vehicle and there turned out to be lots of things wrong with it.可知，车坏了，所以此处意为：修理厂。
七选五
Being organized is an important skill for school and life.When you’re well organized, you can stay focused，instead of spending time hunting things down.
1．________ For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignment，so you know what you have to do and when. Keeping all your school work neat and in a specific place—these are the main parts of organization.
For home stuff, being organized means having a place to put your things and putting them back as you go. 2.________ It means keeping your schoolbag，your shoes, and your clean underwear in the same places so you always know where to find them.
Planning is part of being organized, too. 3.________ Calendars，lists，and schedules can help you plan. You can buy or draw a calendar and keep it near your workplace. Making a schedule or “to-do” list for yourself is a good idea. Looking at your list helps you keep track of what you need to do. 4.________ Check off things when you’ve done them. Use your list to help you decide which thing is the most important to work on first.
5．________ But once you’re organized，it feels great.The less time you spend hunting around for things or panicking about homework，the more time you have for better things，like reading a good book or playing.
A．Planning means deciding what you will do and when you will do it.
B．First，you should get your schoolwork organized.
C．Add new things as you get assignments.
D．You will benefit a lot from a good habit.
E．What does it mean to be organized?
F．It takes some extra efforts to organize yourself and your stuff.
G．It means hanging your coat up instead of dropping it on the floor or throwing it on a chair.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了做事有条理的好处。
1．E 解析：根据下文的For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignment...可知，此处问的是“有条理意味着什么？”与E项吻合。
2．G 解析：本段说的是东西放置方面的有条理。再根据下句的句式It means keeping your schoolbag，your shoes, and your clean...可知，G项与此处吻合。
3．A 解析：根据上文的Planning is part of being organized, too.可知，此处是与planning 有关的选项，故选A项。
4．C 解析：根据下句Check off things when you’ve done them.(你做完了检查一下)，可知，此处与C项吻合。
5．F 解析：根据下文的But once you’re organized，it feels great.可知，组织起来要花时间，但是……所以选F项。but是提示词。
B卷[学生用书P127(单独成册)]
阅读理解
Do you want to help the less fortunate around the world? Here are some charities that can help you do that.
K．I.D.S.
This large organization improves the lives of children living in poverty around the world.They provide new clothes, toys, books and other products，as well as shelter and medical care.They’re also extremely well-run (运转良好的), spending 99.5% of their money on programs that aim at helping children.
Contact Phone: 212-279-5493
Concern Worldwide US
This non-governmental organization has been working towards reducing extreme poverty since its founding in 1968.Work is mostly focused on countries ranked in the bottom 40 according to the UN Human Development Report.
Contact Phone: 353-417-7700
International Child Care
The Christian health development organization is working to reduce many of the causes of poverty in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.By providing important medical care for children and their families，ICC allows them to lead happier and healthier lives in less danger of falling into poverty.
Contact Phone: 800-722-4453
VillageReach
Since 2000, this organization has worked to improve the developing world’s access to healthcare by working together with businesses, governments，nonprofits, and other organizations.They aim to improve local infrastructure(基础设施) in poor rural areas.This effort especially helps fight poverty by allowing far-away communities to lead better and more fruitful lives.
Contact Phone: 206-512-1530
ACF-USA
This organization’s efforts are mainly aimed at ending hunger worldwide.Their work saves lives by fighting malnutrition(营养不良), especially in times of crisis.Programs try to ensure long-term solutions for that__purpose．
Contact Phone: 952-854-9000
【解题导语】 本文主要向我们介绍了五个致力于减少贫困的慈善机构。
1．What do we know about the organization called K．I.D.S.?
A．It has a very long history.
B．It focuses on helping poor children.
C．It doesn’t have many programs now.
D．It mainly helps the poor in rich countries.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据K.I.D.S.部分的 spending 99.5%of their money on programs that aim at helping children可知，这个机构主要帮助贫困的小孩。
2．If you especially want to help fight poverty in Haiti now, which number can you call?
A．212-279-5493. B．353-417-7700.
C．800-722-4453. D．206-512-1530.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据International Child Care 部分的The Christian health development organization is working to reduce many of the causes of poverty in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.以及Contact Phone：800-722-4453 可知答案。
3．What does the underlined part “that purpose” probably refer to?
A．Reducing crises around the world.
B．Removing hunger around the world.
C．Providing various products for poor kids.
D．Improving nutrition in developed countries.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据ACF-USA部分的This organization’s efforts are mainly aimed at ending hunger worldwide.以及Programs try to ensure long-term solutions for that__purpose．可知，目的就是要消除饥饿。
4．What do the organizations have in common?
A．They all mainly focus on kids.
B．They’re all extremely well-run.
C．They all try to help fight poverty.
D．They’re all non-governmental organizations.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这五个机构都致力于减少全球贫困。
完形填空
A woman named LaVonn lived in North Dakota.One Christmas Eve, she was helping out in her dad’s __1__ when a little boy, about five or six years old, came in.He was __2__ an old brown coat with a dirty worn shirt under it.When he pulled off his hat，she saw that his __3__ was in complete disorder.
The boy __4__ the small toy section of the family store, picked up several items, examined them one by one, and then __5__ put them back on the shelf.LaVonn’s dad walked over to the child and asked if he could __6__ .The little boy said，“Yes.I’m looking for a __7__ for my brother.” After 20 minutes, the child picked up a toy airplane.He __8__ it to LaVonn’s father.“How much is this？”he asked.“My brother __9__ airplanes，”Then LaVonn’s dad asked, “How much money do you __10__ ？” The little boy reached into his coat and pulled out a handful of __11__ .He spread his money out on the counter and began to __12__ .“I have one dollar and twenty-seven cents，” he answered.Her dad then picked up the coins and announced, “How __13__ you are! That airplane __14__ costs one dollar and twenty-seven cents！Wait here, and I’ll have it __15__ for you！”
The little boy walked out of the store with the gift decorated nicely and a smile of __16__ satisfaction on his face.LaVonn made her way back to the toy section __17__ she found the plane’s tag (标签)．She saw that it was __18__ at $11.98.She said __19__ about it, but she later wrote in her notebook，“The __20__ gift I got during this Christmas was seeing my dad’s love in action.”
【解题导语】 LaVonn在她父亲的店里帮忙，她看到一个穿着很破烂的小男孩给他的哥哥买一个玩具飞机作礼物。本来飞机标价11.98美元，但她父亲只收了1.27美元便将飞机卖给了男孩。
1．A.firm B．store
C．factory D．bookshop
B 解析：根据下文可知，LaVonn是在父亲的“商店”里帮忙。
2．A.wearing B．washing
C．carrying D．buying
A 解析：根据空后的an old brown coat以及小男孩破旧的衣服可知，作者在描述那个小男孩的“穿”衣情况。
3．A.hair B．pocket
C．coat D．watch
A 解析：根据前面的he pulled off his hat可知，小男孩脱下帽子，LaVonn看见了他凌乱的“头发”。
4．A.pointed to B．rushed to
C．looked around D．broke into
C 解析：根据本句话语境可知，小男孩在玩具区“环顾四周”，拿了几个东西，然后又放下了。
5．A.worriedly B．nervously
C．angrily D．carefully
D 解析：那孩子将玩具“小心翼翼地”放在架子上，表明他怕损坏了玩具，且根据下文语境可知，小男孩没有多少钱，损坏了就赔不起，所以他轻拿轻放。
6. A．think B．help
C．complain D．ask
B 解析：根据下文小男孩的回答Yes.I’m looking for...可知，LaVonn的父亲是问小男孩有没有什么能“帮忙”的。
7．A.prize B．hat
C．gift D．book
C 解析：根据上下文语境可知，在圣诞节前夕，那个小男孩应该是要为他的哥哥买圣诞节“礼物”。
8.A．showed B．sent
C．threw D．returned
A 解析：那个男孩挑选了一个玩具飞机，将飞机拿给LaVonn父亲看并问价。
9．A.designs B．makes
C．sells D．loves
D 解析：那个男孩交代他挑选飞机的原因，即：他哥哥“喜欢”飞机。
10．A.want B．earn
C．have D．borrow
C 解析：LaVonn的父亲问那孩子“有”多少钱。
11．A.toys B．coins
C．balls D．stones
B 解析：那个男孩拿出来的是钱，故应该是一把“硬币”。
12．A.count B．cry
C．explain D．shout
A 解析：那个男孩将钱“数了数”，说总共有1.27美元。
13．A.poor B．mean
C．happy D．lucky
D 解析：根据语境和下文的That airplane...costs one dollar and twenty-seven cents！可知，LaVonn 的父亲告诉那个小男孩：“你真幸运！”
14．A.unfairly B．probably
C．exactly D．actually
C 解析：因为LaVonn的父亲说这是个巧合，所以告诉小男孩，这个飞机“恰好”卖1.27美元。
15．A.fixed B．decorated
C．covered D．cleaned
B 解析：根据下文with the gift decorated nicely可知，这位父亲说：“等一等，我为你把玩具包装好。”
16．A.total B．easy
C．strange D．likely
A 解析：根据空前的a smile可知，那个男孩脸上露出十分满意的笑容。total意为“完全”，符合上下文。
17．A.because B．although
C．when D．where
D 解析：LaVonn后来在玩具区找到了那个飞机的标签，故用where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
18．A.called B．priced
C．looked D．laughed
B 解析：根据后文的价格可知，LaVonn发现上面的“标价”其实是11.98美元。
19．A.something B．everything
C．nothing D．anything
C 解析：LaVonn对于这件事没有说什么，只是在她的笔记本上写了一段话。
20．A.real B．best
C．newest D．common
B 解析：LaVonn觉得她在那个圣诞节收到的“最好的”礼物是看到她父亲将对他人的爱赋予行动。
语法填空
More 1.____________50 years ago，my dad planted an evergreen tree.He watered it and cared for it.A few 2.____________(year) later，when it grew to about 3 feet tall，he placed its first set of Christmas lights on it.Thus our tradition began.Every Christmas since，this tree has lit up our neighborhood corner.
Dad 3.____________(pass) away in November 1991.With all the emotions of his passing，Thanksgiving came and went.When the topic of the tree 4.____________(bring) up, Mom said, “Not this year.”But my brother，sister and I said，“Dad would want it to be done，”so the 5.____________(follow) weekend we decorated the tree together 6.____________memory of him.
The tree now stands about 40 feet tall，and we have to use a beautiful cherry lift 7.____________(put) the top lights on.We turn the lights on the evening after Thanksgiving，8.____________send out light each night until New Year’s Day.People drive by slowly，taking pictures or simply 9.____________(enjoy) its beauty.Then in spring we pack the lights 10.____________(safe) away for the next year.
1．than 解析：考查固定结构。More than 50 years ago意为“五十多年前”。
2．years 解析：考查名词复数。year是可数名词，其前有A few限定，应用复数形式，故填years。
3．passed 解析：考查一般过去时。由in November 1991可知，pass away所表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填passed。
4．was brought 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。the topic of the tree与bring up之间是被动关系，且由上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was brought。
5．following 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语，修饰weekend，表示“随后的，接下来的”，故填following。
6．in 解析：考查固定结构。in memory of意为“追念”。
7．to put 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。我们使用升降机的目的是把高处的灯挂上，故填to put。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明the lights，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．enjoying 解析：考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。设空处与taking pictures并列作状语，因People与enjoy之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且enjoy所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填enjoying。
10．safely 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰pack away，故填safely。
课件38张PPT。Unit 12 Culture ShockUnit 12 Culture ShockUnit 12 Culture ShockUnit 12 Culture ShockUnit 12 Culture ShockUnit 12 Culture Shockoweabsorbexchange chequewanderanyhowbookbriefexpectationtastylaughtermajorityreasonableget used tofirst of allas a resultat leastlook forward toput sb. upgive upput offwasn’t going to be so briefliving hereTo avoid getting confusedeven though some British people are quite strange本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷[学生用书P125(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
Book 1 Elixir written by Eric Walters
Twelve-year-old Roth becomes a friend of Dr. Banting and his assistant, Mr. Best, who are doing research on a cure for diabetes(糖尿病). She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.
Book 2 George Washington Carver written by Elizabeth Macleod
Meet the “Peanut(花生)Specialist”， George Washington Carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. Through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern United States. See also Macleod’s Albert Einstein: A Life of Genius.
Book 3 The Inuit Thought of It: Amazing Arctic Innovations written by Alootook Ipellie & David MacDonald
Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival. From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people. Also see other books: The Chinese Thought of It by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald.
Book 4 Made in Canada: 101 Amazing Achievements written by Bev Spencer
What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection? Here are 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian, including the Blackberry, alkaline(碱性) batteries and the Blue Box recycling program.
Book 5 Newton and the Time Machine written by Michael McGowan
Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close. But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, King Herbert and Queen Certrude, can he save them before time runs out?
【解题导语】 本文介绍了四本书的具体情况。
1．Which of the following best describes Roth’s feeling in Book 1?
A．Painful. B．Curious.
C．Frightened. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.可以推知，Roth的感觉是痛苦的，故选A项。
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.
B．Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.
C．Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr. Banting.
D．George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the U．S.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.和 Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.可知，这两本书都提到了动物。
3．In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are________．
A．Newton’s human friends
B．the names of the time machine
C．two dinosaurs
D．the inventions of the time machine
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.可知，此处指的是Newton的大朋友——两只恐龙。
4．If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by ________．
A．Elizabeth Macleod
B．Eric Walters
C．Rocky London & David MacDonald
D．Bev Spencer
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald可知本题答案为C项。
B
You may think the days of childhood would rank as most people’s happiest. But, in fact, men are happiest at 40 while women are most satisfied at 38 when they are fit and healthy and have good friends.
A survey showed that the best moments in life are the birth of a first child, your wedding day and the birth of grandchildren.
The research involved questioning 1，000 people aged 70 or older. They were asked about their happiest moments and their biggest regrets in life. More than half the people questioned said they had no regrets in life, but the most common regrets were choosing the wrong career and not running after lifelong dreams.
Other happy moments to make the top ten included the day you retire, moving into a new home, seeing your child’s first steps and meeting the man or woman of your dreams.
One in ten of those with regrets wished they had worked harder in school and seven percent regretted not travelling the world more. The other two to make the top five regrets were getting divorced and getting married too soon.
The top piece of advice the researchers offered to younger generations was to never take the people you love for granted. Other top pearls__of__wisdom were “believe in yourself”， “nothing worth having comes easy” and “don’t hold grudges(怨恨)”．
Matthew Gledhill, who took part in the survey, said: “The message from those with the most life experience is that the key to happiness is to worry less and live in the moment with the people you care about most. As much as people look to the future and try to climb career ladders, our research clearly shows that happiness is linked much more heavily to relationships, friends and family than social status.”
【解题导语】 本文是关于人的幸福感的调查，涉及到最幸福的时刻，最遗憾的事情等。
5．According to the survey, which of the following is the best moment in life?
A．The day you retire.
B．Seeing your child’s first steps.
C．The birth of a first child.
D．Meeting the people of your dreams.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的A survey showed that the best moments in life are the birth of a first child可知，第一个孩子出生时，是最幸福的时刻之一。
6．Among people who had regrets, most thought that ________．
A．they had got married too soon
B．they hadn’t travelled the world enough
C．they hadn’t worked hard enough in school
D．they had chosen the wrong career
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的but the most common regrets were choosing the wrong career and not running after lifelong dreams可知，选错了职业是很多人最后悔的事情。
7．The underlined words in the sixth paragraph refer to ________．
A．the biggest regrets
B．useful and wise tips
C．the happiest moments
D．a list of don’ts
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文的The top piece of advice the researchers offered和本句中的other可知，此处指的是有用的提示。故选B项。
C
I ran into quite a few language problems while vacationing with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her“pants were dirty”. They looked at her in amazement, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain，“pants”means underpants or knickers(内裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie—From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David—From Britain
When I asked for the“restroom”in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使……明白) someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom—From America
Last summer we went on a two-week family touring holiday, so Dad hired a car over the Internet. This was an old vehicle and there turned out to be lots of things wrong with it. When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for“boot” was “trunk”. In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem.
Mary—From Britain
【解题导语】 本文介绍了由于语言差异而导致的一些误解和尴尬。
8．Hearing Katie’s mother’s words, other people were in amazement because ________．
A．Katie’s mother got mud on her jeans
B．Katie’s mother’s underpants were dirty
C．they mistook “pants” in America for underpants
D．they didn’t know English
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的But in Britain，“pants”means underpants or knickers(内裤), not trousers as it does back home.可知，在英国，pants 指的是内裤，而不是裤子。
9．Which of the following words is from British English?
A．Pants. B．Ground floor.
C．Restroom. D．Trunk.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.可知，ground floor来自英国英语。
10．When Tom asked for the“restroom”， the people around him thought ________．
A．he wanted to have a rest
B．he wanted the toilet
C．he wanted a chair
D．he wanted to go to a department store
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的When I asked for the“restroom”in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”．可知，人们认为他想休息。
11．The underlined word “garage” is probably “________”．
A．a parking place
B．a car
C．a gas station
D．a place to repair cars
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的This was an old vehicle and there turned out to be lots of things wrong with it.可知，车坏了，所以此处意为：修理厂。
七选五
Being organized is an important skill for school and life.When you’re well organized, you can stay focused，instead of spending time hunting things down.
1．________ For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignment，so you know what you have to do and when. Keeping all your school work neat and in a specific place—these are the main parts of organization.
For home stuff, being organized means having a place to put your things and putting them back as you go. 2.________ It means keeping your schoolbag，your shoes, and your clean underwear in the same places so you always know where to find them.
Planning is part of being organized, too. 3.________ Calendars，lists，and schedules can help you plan. You can buy or draw a calendar and keep it near your workplace. Making a schedule or “to-do” list for yourself is a good idea. Looking at your list helps you keep track of what you need to do. 4.________ Check off things when you’ve done them. Use your list to help you decide which thing is the most important to work on first.
5．________ But once you’re organized，it feels great.The less time you spend hunting around for things or panicking about homework，the more time you have for better things，like reading a good book or playing.
A．Planning means deciding what you will do and when you will do it.
B．First，you should get your schoolwork organized.
C．Add new things as you get assignments.
D．You will benefit a lot from a good habit.
E．What does it mean to be organized?
F．It takes some extra efforts to organize yourself and your stuff.
G．It means hanging your coat up instead of dropping it on the floor or throwing it on a chair.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了做事有条理的好处。
1．E 解析：根据下文的For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignment...可知，此处问的是“有条理意味着什么？”与E项吻合。
2．G 解析：本段说的是东西放置方面的有条理。再根据下句的句式It means keeping your schoolbag，your shoes, and your clean...可知，G项与此处吻合。
3．A 解析：根据上文的Planning is part of being organized, too.可知，此处是与planning 有关的选项，故选A项。
4．C 解析：根据下句Check off things when you’ve done them.(你做完了检查一下)，可知，此处与C项吻合。
5．F 解析：根据下文的But once you’re organized，it feels great.可知，组织起来要花时间，但是……所以选F项。but是提示词。
B卷[学生用书P127(单独成册)]
阅读理解
Do you want to help the less fortunate around the world? Here are some charities that can help you do that.
K．I.D.S.
This large organization improves the lives of children living in poverty around the world.They provide new clothes, toys, books and other products，as well as shelter and medical care.They’re also extremely well-run (运转良好的), spending 99.5% of their money on programs that aim at helping children.
Contact Phone: 212-279-5493
Concern Worldwide US
This non-governmental organization has been working towards reducing extreme poverty since its founding in 1968.Work is mostly focused on countries ranked in the bottom 40 according to the UN Human Development Report.
Contact Phone: 353-417-7700
International Child Care
The Christian health development organization is working to reduce many of the causes of poverty in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.By providing important medical care for children and their families，ICC allows them to lead happier and healthier lives in less danger of falling into poverty.
Contact Phone: 800-722-4453
VillageReach
Since 2000, this organization has worked to improve the developing world’s access to healthcare by working together with businesses, governments，nonprofits, and other organizations.They aim to improve local infrastructure(基础设施) in poor rural areas.This effort especially helps fight poverty by allowing far-away communities to lead better and more fruitful lives.
Contact Phone: 206-512-1530
ACF-USA
This organization’s efforts are mainly aimed at ending hunger worldwide.Their work saves lives by fighting malnutrition(营养不良), especially in times of crisis.Programs try to ensure long-term solutions for that__purpose．
Contact Phone: 952-854-9000
【解题导语】 本文主要向我们介绍了五个致力于减少贫困的慈善机构。
1．What do we know about the organization called K．I.D.S.?
A．It has a very long history.
B．It focuses on helping poor children.
C．It doesn’t have many programs now.
D．It mainly helps the poor in rich countries.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据K.I.D.S.部分的 spending 99.5%of their money on programs that aim at helping children可知，这个机构主要帮助贫困的小孩。
2．If you especially want to help fight poverty in Haiti now, which number can you call?
A．212-279-5493. B．353-417-7700.
C．800-722-4453. D．206-512-1530.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据International Child Care 部分的The Christian health development organization is working to reduce many of the causes of poverty in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.以及Contact Phone：800-722-4453 可知答案。
3．What does the underlined part “that purpose” probably refer to?
A．Reducing crises around the world.
B．Removing hunger around the world.
C．Providing various products for poor kids.
D．Improving nutrition in developed countries.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据ACF-USA部分的This organization’s efforts are mainly aimed at ending hunger worldwide.以及Programs try to ensure long-term solutions for that__purpose．可知，目的就是要消除饥饿。
4．What do the organizations have in common?
A．They all mainly focus on kids.
B．They’re all extremely well-run.
C．They all try to help fight poverty.
D．They’re all non-governmental organizations.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这五个机构都致力于减少全球贫困。
完形填空
A woman named LaVonn lived in North Dakota.One Christmas Eve, she was helping out in her dad’s __1__ when a little boy, about five or six years old, came in.He was __2__ an old brown coat with a dirty worn shirt under it.When he pulled off his hat，she saw that his __3__ was in complete disorder.
The boy __4__ the small toy section of the family store, picked up several items, examined them one by one, and then __5__ put them back on the shelf.LaVonn’s dad walked over to the child and asked if he could __6__ .The little boy said，“Yes.I’m looking for a __7__ for my brother.” After 20 minutes, the child picked up a toy airplane.He __8__ it to LaVonn’s father.“How much is this？”he asked.“My brother __9__ airplanes，”Then LaVonn’s dad asked, “How much money do you __10__ ？” The little boy reached into his coat and pulled out a handful of __11__ .He spread his money out on the counter and began to __12__ .“I have one dollar and twenty-seven cents，” he answered.Her dad then picked up the coins and announced, “How __13__ you are! That airplane __14__ costs one dollar and twenty-seven cents！Wait here, and I’ll have it __15__ for you！”
The little boy walked out of the store with the gift decorated nicely and a smile of __16__ satisfaction on his face.LaVonn made her way back to the toy section __17__ she found the plane’s tag (标签)．She saw that it was __18__ at $11.98.She said __19__ about it, but she later wrote in her notebook，“The __20__ gift I got during this Christmas was seeing my dad’s love in action.”
【解题导语】 LaVonn在她父亲的店里帮忙，她看到一个穿着很破烂的小男孩给他的哥哥买一个玩具飞机作礼物。本来飞机标价11.98美元，但她父亲只收了1.27美元便将飞机卖给了男孩。
1．A.firm B．store
C．factory D．bookshop
B 解析：根据下文可知，LaVonn是在父亲的“商店”里帮忙。
2．A.wearing B．washing
C．carrying D．buying
A 解析：根据空后的an old brown coat以及小男孩破旧的衣服可知，作者在描述那个小男孩的“穿”衣情况。
3．A.hair B．pocket
C．coat D．watch
A 解析：根据前面的he pulled off his hat可知，小男孩脱下帽子，LaVonn看见了他凌乱的“头发”。
4．A.pointed to B．rushed to
C．looked around D．broke into
C 解析：根据本句话语境可知，小男孩在玩具区“环顾四周”，拿了几个东西，然后又放下了。
5．A.worriedly B．nervously
C．angrily D．carefully
D 解析：那孩子将玩具“小心翼翼地”放在架子上，表明他怕损坏了玩具，且根据下文语境可知，小男孩没有多少钱，损坏了就赔不起，所以他轻拿轻放。
6. A．think B．help
C．complain D．ask
B 解析：根据下文小男孩的回答Yes.I’m looking for...可知，LaVonn的父亲是问小男孩有没有什么能“帮忙”的。
7．A.prize B．hat
C．gift D．book
C 解析：根据上下文语境可知，在圣诞节前夕，那个小男孩应该是要为他的哥哥买圣诞节“礼物”。
8.A．showed B．sent
C．threw D．returned
A 解析：那个男孩挑选了一个玩具飞机，将飞机拿给LaVonn父亲看并问价。
9．A.designs B．makes
C．sells D．loves
D 解析：那个男孩交代他挑选飞机的原因，即：他哥哥“喜欢”飞机。
10．A.want B．earn
C．have D．borrow
C 解析：LaVonn的父亲问那孩子“有”多少钱。
11．A.toys B．coins
C．balls D．stones
B 解析：那个男孩拿出来的是钱，故应该是一把“硬币”。
12．A.count B．cry
C．explain D．shout
A 解析：那个男孩将钱“数了数”，说总共有1.27美元。
13．A.poor B．mean
C．happy D．lucky
D 解析：根据语境和下文的That airplane...costs one dollar and twenty-seven cents！可知，LaVonn 的父亲告诉那个小男孩：“你真幸运！”
14．A.unfairly B．probably
C．exactly D．actually
C 解析：因为LaVonn的父亲说这是个巧合，所以告诉小男孩，这个飞机“恰好”卖1.27美元。
15．A.fixed B．decorated
C．covered D．cleaned
B 解析：根据下文with the gift decorated nicely可知，这位父亲说：“等一等，我为你把玩具包装好。”
16．A.total B．easy
C．strange D．likely
A 解析：根据空前的a smile可知，那个男孩脸上露出十分满意的笑容。total意为“完全”，符合上下文。
17．A.because B．although
C．when D．where
D 解析：LaVonn后来在玩具区找到了那个飞机的标签，故用where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
18．A.called B．priced
C．looked D．laughed
B 解析：根据后文的价格可知，LaVonn发现上面的“标价”其实是11.98美元。
19．A.something B．everything
C．nothing D．anything
C 解析：LaVonn对于这件事没有说什么，只是在她的笔记本上写了一段话。
20．A.real B．best
C．newest D．common
B 解析：LaVonn觉得她在那个圣诞节收到的“最好的”礼物是看到她父亲将对他人的爱赋予行动。
语法填空
More 1.____________50 years ago，my dad planted an evergreen tree.He watered it and cared for it.A few 2.____________(year) later，when it grew to about 3 feet tall，he placed its first set of Christmas lights on it.Thus our tradition began.Every Christmas since，this tree has lit up our neighborhood corner.
Dad 3.____________(pass) away in November 1991.With all the emotions of his passing，Thanksgiving came and went.When the topic of the tree 4.____________(bring) up, Mom said, “Not this year.”But my brother，sister and I said，“Dad would want it to be done，”so the 5.____________(follow) weekend we decorated the tree together 6.____________memory of him.
The tree now stands about 40 feet tall，and we have to use a beautiful cherry lift 7.____________(put) the top lights on.We turn the lights on the evening after Thanksgiving，8.____________send out light each night until New Year’s Day.People drive by slowly，taking pictures or simply 9.____________(enjoy) its beauty.Then in spring we pack the lights 10.____________(safe) away for the next year.
1．than 解析：考查固定结构。More than 50 years ago意为“五十多年前”。
2．years 解析：考查名词复数。year是可数名词，其前有A few限定，应用复数形式，故填years。
3．passed 解析：考查一般过去时。由in November 1991可知，pass away所表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填passed。
4．was brought 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。the topic of the tree与bring up之间是被动关系，且由上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was brought。
5．following 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语，修饰weekend，表示“随后的，接下来的”，故填following。
6．in 解析：考查固定结构。in memory of意为“追念”。
7．to put 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。我们使用升降机的目的是把高处的灯挂上，故填to put。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明the lights，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．enjoying 解析：考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。设空处与taking pictures并列作状语，因People与enjoy之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且enjoy所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填enjoying。
10．safely 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰pack away，故填safely。
Section Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Points
owe vt.欠(情、债等)；感激；归功于
(教材P36)I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often.
没有经常给您写信我非常抱歉。
(1)owe sb.sth. 欠某人某物
owe...to... 把……归功于……
owe it to sb. to do sth. 应该为了某人做某事
(2)owing adj. 欠着的
owing to 由于
①I still owe a great deal on my new house.
我买新房子的钱还欠很多。
②He owes his good health to his regular life.
他把自身的健康归功于他有规律的生活。
③They owe__it__to__their__children__to__try to save the marriage.
他们应该为了孩子而挽救婚姻。
④Owing(owe) to the rain，they could not come.
由于下雨，他们不能来了。
apology n．道歉，认错
(教材P36)I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often.
没有经常给您写信我非常抱歉。
(1)make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.
因为(做)……向某人道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologize (apologise)vi. 道歉
apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb. that... 因……向某人道歉
①You owe him an apology for what you said.
你要为你所说的话向他道歉。
②We would like to offer our apologies(apologize) for the delay to your flight today.
今天航班误点，敬请原谅。
③Then he asked if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
后来他问能否去找老师道歉。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
你太无礼了，必须向你的母亲道歉。
(1)You must apologize__to__your__mother__for being so rude.(apologize)
(2)You must make/offer__an__apology__to__your__mother__for being so rude.(apology)
absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收，汲取；吞并；吸引(注意等)；使全神贯注
(教材P36)I’ve just been so busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me—I think I’m still experiencing culture shock.
我一直忙于学习，了解身边的新事物——我觉得自己还在经历文化冲击。
(1)absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb sth.into sth. 吸收某物进入某物
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbed adj. 被吸收的；一心一意的
be absorbed in＝be lost in＝be buried in
全神贯注于，专心于
①It will be rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream.
它将很快被吸收进血液。
②The roots will absorb water from the soil.
这些根会从土壤中吸收水分。
③The game absorbed all the children’s attention that afternoon.
那天下午这个游戏吸引了所有孩子的注意力。
④However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed(absorb)．
然而，当有事情确实让我感兴趣时，我能变得全神贯注。
⑤When I came in, my son was__absorbed(absorb) in his book.
我进来时，我儿子正在聚精会神地看书。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
全神贯注于他的电脑游戏，他没注意到这个陌生人。
(1)He didn’t notice the stranger because he was absorbed in his computer game．(because 从句)
(2)Absorbed in his computer game, he didn’t notice the stranger. (过去分词短语)
brief adj.短暂的，简短的
(教材P36)I wish your visit wasn’t going to be so brief but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week.
我真希望您的来访时间不会这么短，但是一周内我们也有很多事情可以做，有很多地方可以参观。
(1)in brief 总之；简短地
to be brief 简单地说(用作插入语)
(2)briefly adv. 简要地；扼要地
①We’re running out of time，so let’s be brief.
我们时间不多了，所以长话短说吧。
②His success was a long story，but in brief，he succeeded after many failures.
他的成功说来话长，但简单地说，经历多次失败后，他成功了。
③To be brief，she was happy with that result.
简单地说，她对那个结果感到满意。
④Would you please briefly(brief) introduce yourself?
请你做个简单的自我介绍，好吗？
表示“总之”的短语还有：in short；in a word；in a nutshell。
exchange vt.& n．交换，兑换
(教材P36)Talking of money—it’s really easy to exchange traveller’s cheques at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.
谈到钱，在银行或饭店兑换旅行支票非常容易，所以我建议您来之前准备一些支票。
(1)exchange...for 用……换……
(2)make an exchange 交换
in exchange (for...) 作为(对……的)交换
①The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others.
网络能够让我们和很多人交换想法。
②Can I exchange pounds for dollars here?
我可以在这里把英镑兑换成美元吗？
③Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
④The two sides agreed to an exchange of prisoners of war.
双方同意交换战俘。
⑤Team meetings are a chance to exchange ideas.
团队会议是交流想法的一个机会。
majority n．大多数，大半
(教材P36)But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends. 尽管有些英国人非常奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，而且我已经结交了一些好朋友。
(1)the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单数、复数均可；a/the majority of＋n.作主语时，谓语动词常根据名词来确定形式。
(2)in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority 以……的多数
(3)major adj. 重要的
v. 主修
major in 主修……
①In the nursing profession，women are in a/the majority.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
②The majority(major)was/were in favour of banning smoking.
大多数人支持禁烟。
③The majority of the people there speak(speak) English.
那里的大多数人说英语。
④Age is a major(majority) factor affecting choices of employment.
年龄是影响就业机会的一个重要因素。
⑤While she was at college, she majored in English.
她上大学时，主修的是英语。
book vt.预约，预订 n．书
(教材P37)You don’t have to book accommodation in advance as you will certainly manage to find a local person who will offer to put you up at a very reasonable price.
你不必提前预订住宿的地方，因为你一定可以找到以非常合理的价格提供住处给你的当地人。
book in advance 提前预订
book sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
book sb. on sth. 为……预订……
①Mary has booked a flight from New York to London.
玛丽已预订了从纽约到伦敦的飞机票。
②The tours are very popular, so it’s best to book in advance.
这种旅行非常受欢迎，所以最好提前预订。
③Several businessmen were booked__to__speak(speak) at the meeting.
几位商人被安排在会议上发言。
④Could you book me on the next flight?
你可以为我预订下一班飞机吗？
book
用来指预订“(车、船、飞机)票，旅行社房间，座位”等
order
用来指订购“货物，饭菜，衣服”等
[巧学活用]——选词填空(book/order)
(1)Our flight was booked six months ago.
(2)He will order a computer from the Internet for his wife.
first of all 首先
(教材P36)First of all, the food.
首先，是食物。
above all 最重要的
at all 根本
all in all 总而言之
in all 总共
after all 毕竟
①First of all, we should make a practical plan.
首先，我们应该制定一个实用的计划。
②Above all, the government must keep the promises it has made.
最重要的是，政府必须履行承诺。
③All in all，it has been a very successful film.
总而言之，这是一部非常成功的电影。
④There are thirty in all in the party who will travel to Europe. 赴欧洲的旅游团共有30人。
⑤Don’t be too strict with her. After__all,__she’s only four.
不要对她太严格。毕竟，她才四岁。
as a result 结果
(教材P36)There are people from all over the world living here and as a result，there are many international restaurants.
这里的人来自世界各地，因此有许多各个国家的餐馆。
(1)as a result of... 因为
with the result that... 结果是……
(2)result in 导致
result from... 起因于
①She had made a serious mistake. As a result, she lost her job.
她犯了一个大错误，结果，丢了工作。
②There is a shortage of cheap housing, with the result that many people are leaving the city.
由于缺乏廉价住房，很多人要离开这个城市。
③It was his careless driving that resulted in the accident.
是他的粗心驾驶导致了这次事故。
④It is said that the loss resulted from poor management.
据说，损失是因为管理不当造成的。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
(1)He failed in his career as a result of a poor sense of business.
→He had a poor sense of business. As__a__result,__he__failed．
(2)The death of the fish resulted from the heavy pollution.
→The heavy pollution resulted__in__the__death__of__the__fish．
get used to 适应于；习惯于
(教材P36)You’re going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!
梅姨，您得适应这里腌肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早餐。
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
①Don’t worry—you’ll soon get used to his sense of humour.
别担心，你不久就会适应他的幽默。
②I didn’t think I could ever get used to__living(live) in a big city after living in the country.
我认为我在农村住了之后就无法适应大城市的生活了。
③The new knife will be used to__cut(cut) the meat.
这把新刀子会被用来切肉。
④The old man used to__walk(walk) near the lake when he was young. 这位老人年轻时经常在湖边散步。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)I’m afraid I will not get used to work there.work→working
(2)The room was used to holding some old clothes.holding→hold
(3)She used to smoking a lot, but she doesn’t now.smoking→smoke
(教材P36) I wish your visit wasn’t going to be so brief but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week.
我真希望您的来访时间不会这么短，但是一周内我们也有很多事情可以做，有很多地方可以参观。
(1)本句中wish后的宾语从句使用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气形式。
(2)wish后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望，意思是：但愿……其具体形式如下：
①表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用动词过去式，be动词用were；
②表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用had＋过去分词或者would/could have＋过去分词；
③表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。
①I wish I were as tall as you.
我希望和你一样高。
②He wished he hadn’t__said(not say) that.
他希望他没讲过那样的话。
③I wish it would__rain(rain) tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨。
(教材P36)But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends. 尽管有些英国人非常奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，而且我已经结交了一些好朋友。
(1)本句中even though意为“即使，尽管”，用来引导让步状语从句，可用even if替换。
(2)as if＝as though好像
①Even though the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
尽管森林公园很远，但每年仍有大量游客参观。
②But even if/though an event is organized carefully，things can go wrong.
即使赛事筹划得很细致，也可能出错。
③Even__if it rains tomorrow，we won’t change our plan.
即使明天下雨，我们也不会改变计划。
④The man stood there, as__if he were a statue.
这个人站在那里，好像是座雕塑。
[学生用书P58]
品句填词
1．The shop keeper rejected my request to ____________(更换) the shirt for a larger one.
答案：exchange
2．We should ____________(吸收) whatever experience is useful to us.
答案：absorb
3．The ____________(美味的) food on the table made our mouths water.
答案：tasty
4．I ____________(欠) you a drink for helping me move.
答案：owe
5．It’ll only be a ____________(短暂的) visit because we really haven’t much time.
答案：brief
6．The audience can ____________(预订) the tickets for the concert a week ahead.
答案：book
7．A large ____________(大多数) of people approve of the death sentence.
答案：majority
8．If their demands are ____________(合情合理的)，we should meet them.
答案：reasonable
9．I’m afraid I was impolite to you yesterday；I think I owe you an ____________(道歉)．
答案：apology
10．The boys usually ____________(闲逛) in the park at weekends to kill time.
答案：wander
单句改错
1．Absorbing in his game, he forgot to have lunch.____________________
答案：Absorbing→Absorbed
2．The chairman asked me to give a briefly introduction.____________________
答案：briefly→brief
3．The majority of the students likes the popular songs.____________________
答案：likes→like
4．The old man has got used to stay with the young people.____________________
答案：stay→staying
5．The young man was fired as a result this big mistake.____________________
答案：result后加of
完成句子
1．即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
We’ll make a trip ________________________．
答案：even though the weather is bad
2．即使你不同意，我们也要执行这项计划。
We will carry out the plan __________________________．
答案：even though you don’t agree
3．我希望能成为一位著名的飞行员。
I wish ________________________．
答案：I could be a famous pilot
4．我希望上周没有去那个地方。
I wish ______________________．
答案：I hadn’t been to that place last week
5．我希望明天能与那位明星交流想法。
I wish ____________________________．
答案：I could exchange ideas with the star
课文语法填空
Dear Aunt Mei，
How time flies! It has been 6 months 1.____________ I came here. I owe you an apology for not 2.____________(write) to you more often.I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me 3.____________ I’m still experiencing culture shock. I’m glad you’ll visit me soon and I 4.____________(tell) you something about London.London is an international city 5.____________ there are many international restaurants and there is at least one Chinese restaurant in every town.You have to get 6.____________(use) to the tipping system here.I suggest 7.____________(leave) 10% of the bill for the waiter or waitress.You can get some traveller’s cheques as it’s easy to exchange them at banks or hotels.I think we should consider 8.____________(stay) in the English countryside for a few nights so as to enjoy hiking and taste some mushrooms.Don’t forget 9.____________(bring) a warm coat for it can get pretty cold and foggy here.One last thing，don’t worry about how to get along with the people here because the majority of them 10.____________(be) quite friendly.
I am looking forward to your visit!
Love，
Xiaojin
答案：1.since 2.writing 3.for 4.will tell 5.where 6.used 7.leaving 8.staying 9.to bring 10.are
A卷[学生用书P129(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．He is now，____________ (owe) to ill health, not so active in social work.
答案：owing
2．Against all ____________(expect), the play was greatly welcomed.
答案：expectation
3．He made an ____________(apologize) to the guests for the oversight.
答案：apology
4．He was too ____________(absorb) in the newspaper to hear the bell.
答案：absorbed
5．The ____________(major) of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
答案：majority
6．We are busy in ____________(make) arrangement for Christmas.
答案：making
7．They soon got used to ____________(drive) on the left.
答案：driving
8．Some animals get ____________(confuse) when seeing their reflection in a mirror.
答案：confused
9．____________ brief, I have made up my mind to quit job.
答案：In
10．I gave him my camera in exchange ____________ his watch.
答案：for
阅读理解
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War Ⅲ. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son？” she bemoans all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70，000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame(名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6：30 a．m. and usually comes home around 5 p．m. or even 6 p．m. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者和妈妈谈话时，妈妈总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，他妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事。
1．Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about?
A．The writer’s studies.
B．The writer’s future job.
C．Dinner plans.
D．Wars around the world.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future可知，他们会谈论他未来的工作。所以本题选B项。
2．We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother________．
A．doesn’t want the writer to major in English
B．doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor
C．gets along very well with the writer
D．doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.事实上，当我说计划主修英语和交际时，她气得心脏病都要发作了。可知，他妈妈不想让他主修英语。所以本题选A项。
3．The underlined word “bemoans” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “________”．
A．agrees B．shouts
C．complains D．smiles
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据前后文可知，作者的妈妈对于儿子不能像她同事的儿子一样感到不满。agree“同意”，shout“喊”，complain“抱怨”，smile“微笑”。根据题干，本题应该选C项。
4．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer?
A．He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.
B．He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C．He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.
D．He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.可知，作者想追求自己的梦想去做他真正喜欢的事情。所以本题选D项。
完形填空
Two old beggars were sitting on a busy street corner of a big city.They watched __1__ as a lot of people walked by without looking at them.Sometimes, a kind-hearted woman or a small child would __2__ a few coins in the hats in front of them.
Today was not a __3__ day for begging.The men were able to __4__ enough for a big meal.As it was getting dark, they started to __5__ their things.
Just as they were getting ready to leave, they __6__ a man walking toward them.He was a __7__ man—they could tell that from his fine clothes.The first beggar said to the second with __8__，“He’s coming our way！”The man stopped, __9__ into his pocket and took something out.What looked like a piece of hard __10__， wrapped in white paper, hit each of their waiting hats.The rich man turned and __11__ his way.
“He could have easily left us a few __12__ or a bill, but he laughed at us with a piece of rock candy，”said the first beggar.He looked at the offering __13__．“There’s no way we can __14__ this—we have no teeth.”With these words, he picked up the thing and threw it away.Then he collected his things and __15__．
The second beggar wanted to do the same, __16__ a second thought made him change his __17__．“I haven’t had anything like this for ages，”he thought.“How __18__ of that man to offer me something so sweet！”With that, he opened the white paper.To his __19__， there was no hard rock candy inside.__20__， a shiny white pearl worth thousands of dollars fell into his hand.
【解题导语】 两个乞丐在街边乞讨。有一个穿着很好的富人扔下了一个硬糖一样的东西，就离开了。其中一个乞丐很生气，离开了，但是另一个乞丐捡起了它，发现是一个价值几千美元的珍珠。
1．A.helplessly B．happily
C．uselessly D．quickly
A 解析：根据句中的as a lot of people walked by without looking at them可知，乞丐感到很无望。
2．A.steal B．lose
C．drop D．send
C 解析：有时，一个好心的女人或小孩会扔下几枚硬币。drop使落下。
3．A.cloudy B．bad
C．rainy D．cold
B 解析：根据下文内容enough for a big meal可知，今天对于乞丐们来讲是不错的一天。
4．A.collect B．pick
C．buy D．find
A 解析：乞丐们能够筹集到足够的钱去大吃一顿。collect收集。
5．A.carry B．hide
C．place D．pack
D 解析：开始天黑时，他们开始打包东西了。pack打包。
6．A.felt B．heard
C．noticed D．believed
C 解析：正当他们准备离开时，他们注意到一个人走向他们。notice注意到。
7．A.kind B．strong
C．tall D．rich
D 解析：他是个有钱人。rich富有的。根据下文的fine clothes可知答案。
8．A.worry B．excitement
C．fear D．politeness
B 解析：第一个乞丐兴奋地对第二个说……excitement兴奋。
9．A.turned B．looked
C．went D．reached
D 解析：这个人停下了，伸手向口袋里够。reach够。
10．A.candy B．cake
C．rock D．bread
A 解析：看上去有点儿像一个硬糖。
11．A.forgot B．changed
C．missed D．continued
D 解析：这个富人转身离开了。continue继续。
12．A.books B．coins
C．sweets D．flowers
B 解析：他本可以轻易给我们几个硬币或者支票。coin硬币。
13．A.angrily B．proudly
C．nervously D．quietly
A 解析：他生气地看着这个施舍。angrily生气地。
14．A.smell B．eat
C．like D．put
B 解析：我们不能吃，因为我们没有牙。
15．A.slept B．sat
C．left D．cried
C 解析：后来他收拾东西，离开了。leave离开。
16．A.if B．although
C．after D．but
D 解析：第二个乞丐想做同样的事情，但是又想了想，他改变了主意。
17．A.habit B．way
C．mind D．rule
C 解析：参考上一题解析。change one’s mind改变主意。
18．A.nice B．funny
C．clever D．strange
A 解析：这个人多么好，给了我们这么甜的东西。
19．A.interest B．sadness
C．surprise D．pity
C 解析：让他吃惊的是，里面没有硬糖。surprise惊讶。
20．A.Besides B．Instead
C．However D．Again
B 解析：相反，一颗价值几千美元的闪亮的珍珠掉在他手里。instead相反地。
B卷[学生用书P131(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
A few months ago I was at a bus stop in town in the evening. The bus came on time and I took the window seat. The bus was traveling by the seashore and I was enjoying the soft wind while watching the sea waves. After a few minutes the bus made its next stop. A young boy and a girl got on. They were standing on my left when the bus pulled off. I looked at them in surprise and realized that all the window seats were taken up. They could sit but not together. Suddenly a different wave passed through my body and my inner mind gave me the advice to get up. I got up and offered them my seat. The young lady smiled kindly and said thanks. I took another seat and we parted our ways. I don’t remember whether I got off the bus before them or not.
Months passed by. Suddenly one day while I was standing at the same bus stop waiting some time for the bus to arrive I heard a voice.
“Excuse me, Uncle.” I looked in the direction of the voice. It was a beautiful young lady.
Puzzled, I said, “I do not recognize you.”
She said, “Do you remember you gave us your window seat？”
Puzzled, I said, “Maybe, but what is so great in that？”
She said, “If you had not given your seat that day, perhaps I would have not sat with my friend. By sitting together it helped us bridge a misunderstanding that had been between us forever. Do you know we are getting married next month？”
“Good! God bless both of you，” I replied.
The young lady again said thank you and went on her journey. I realized the importance of giving that day.
【解题导语】 作者在公共汽车上为了让一对年轻的情侣坐在一起而让了座。几个月之后，作者遇到了当时的那个女孩，女孩对作者说了那次让座帮助一对情侣有机会消除了很久以来的误解，并且下个月就要结婚了。
1．Why were the young boy and the girl standing on the bus？
A．Because they couldn’t sit together.
B．Because they wanted to enjoy the sea weaves.
C．Because there were no empty seats.
D．Because they preferred to stand.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They could sit but not together.可知，当时这对情侣可以坐下，但是不能坐在一起，所以两人都站着。
2．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means that the author had a feeling that ________．
A．the sea wave made him upset
B．he wanted to do something special
C．a wave from the sea passed by him
D．he wanted to make a sea wave in his heart
B 解析：句意理解题。根据下文的I got up and offered them my seat.可知，作者内心有个声音促使作者起来给他们让座。
3．The author’s act of kindness helped the young boy and the girl ________．
A．begin to talk to each other again after a time of silence
B．sit together and become friends very soon
C．know each other and get married
D．clear up a misunderstanding between them
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的By sitting together it helped us bridge a misunderstanding that had been between us forever.可知，作者的让座帮助那对情侣消除了存在已久的误会。
4．From the story, we can know that ________．
A．small things can create great happenings in life
B．giving is more important than receiving
C．offering one’s seat to others will lead to a marriage
D．we sometimes forget what happened in the past
A 解析：推理判断题。作者好心让了一次座，却没想到竟然能帮助一对情侣消除很久以来的误会，并且重归于好。所以A项是正确答案。
B
Living in a foreign culture can be exciting, but it can also be confusing.A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They found that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”．
On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked，“Do you have cold drinks？”The woman there didn’t say anything. Lisa repeated the question. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She had raised her eyebrows，which in Micronesia means “yes”．
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was famous for its cabbage. She asked the waiter，“Do you have cabbage today？”He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means “no”．
Tom had a similar problem when arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some people had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了几位在别的国家教英语的美国人因为文化差异而造成的沟通障碍。
5．The Americans teaching English in other countries found that they________．
A．had problems with communications
B．needed to learn foreign languages
C．should often discuss their experiences
D．should go abroad for vacations
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They found that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”．可知，他们发现沟通误解随处可在。
6．People in Micronesia show “yes” by ________．
A．nodding heads
B．raising eyebrows
C．shaking heads
D．saying “no”
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She had raised her eyebrows，which in Micronesia means “yes”．可知，抬眉毛表示“是的”。
7．Tom misunderstood his class at first because________．
A．he didn’t know where the students came from
B．he didn’t explain everything clearly enough
C．some students didn’t understand his questions
D．he did not know much about Indian culture
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”．可知，原因是他不了解印度文化。
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．In Bulgaria，nodding heads means “no”．
B．Jan taught English on a Pacific island.
C．Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.
D．In India，only shaking heads means “yes”．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的In that country, a nod means “no”．可知，在这个国家，点头表示“不”。
七选五
Why Don’t Students Like School?
Most of the teachers I know entered the job because they loved school as children. 1.________ However, they are understandably discouraged when they find that some of their students don’t like school much, and that they, the teachers, have great difficulty inspiring them. Why is it difficult to make school enjoyable for students?
As a matter of fact, the brain is not designed for thinking. It’s designed to ask you not to have to think, because the brain is actually not very good at thinking. Thinking is slow and unreliable. 2.________ People like to solve problems, but they do not like to work on problems that cannot be solved. If schoolwork is always just a bit too difficult for a student, it should be no surprise that he doesn’t like school much. 3.________
What is the nature of being human? 4.________ Many people would answer that it is our ability to reason that makes us different—birds can fly, fish can swim, and humans can think . (By thinking I mean solving problems, reasoning, reading something complex, or doing any mental work that requires some effort.) Shakespeare thought highly of our cognitive(认知) ability in Hamlet: “What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason！” Some three hundred years later, however, Henry Ford came up with a quite different opinion, “Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is the probable reason why so few people are interested in it.” They both had a point of view. Humans are good at certain types of reasoning, especially compared to other animals, but we hardly often exercise those abilities. 5.________ Thinking is not only painful, as Ford noted, it’s also slow and unreliable.
A．A cognitive scientist would add another point of view, “Humans don’t think very often because our brains are designed not for thought but for escaping from thought.”
B．What sets us apart from other species?
C．Of course you could make each decision with care and thought.
D．However, people enjoy thinking if it is successful.
E．Therefore, teachers should reconsider how they encourage their students to think, in order to make thinking enjoyable enough for students to go after.
F．If we are all so bad at thinking, how does anyone get through the day?
G．They want to help their students feel the same excitement and passion for learning that they felt.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了学生不喜欢学校的原因。
1．G 解析：空前的句子意为：大部分老师进入学校是因为他们喜欢这个工作。空后的句子意为：然而，当他们发现有些学生不喜欢学校时，感到很是沮丧。可知，此空填G项(他们想帮助学生从学习中获得乐趣)。
2．D 解析：根据上文的．..because the brain is actually not very good at thinking. Thinking is slow and unreliable.可知，大脑不善于思考，思考是慢而不可靠的。但是人们不这样认为，与D项吻合。
3．E 解析：上文If schoolwork is always just a bit too difficult for a student, it should be no surprise that he doesn’t like school much.的意思是：如果作业很难，学生不喜欢学校就不奇怪了。所以老师们需要改变思路和做法，与E项吻合。
4．B 解析：根据下文的Many people would answer that it is our ability to reason that makes us different可知，此处的问题是问：人类和别的生物有什么不同的，与B项吻合。
5．A 解析：根据下文的Thinking is not only painful, as Ford noted, it’s also slow and unreliable. 可知，此空是关于人类思考的问题。再根据本段内容可知，选A项。
短文改错
Among different kind of sports, swimming is my favorite. It was a very excited experience to learn swimming with my parents when I was five years old then.
Swimming is a real good sport. It makes me feeling relaxed. This sport can make me stay health and strong，so I exercise almost every part of my body every time I go swimming.
Before going to swim，we should pay attention three points. The first is to make your body in a better state. The second is that do not eat too many. The last is that you’d better swim with some friends. These can help you stay safe and enjoy ourselves.
答案：
Among different of sports, swimming is my favorite. It was a very experience to learn swimming with my parents when I was five years old .
Swimming is a good sport. It makes me relaxed. This sport can make me stay and strong， I exercise almost every part of my body every time I go swimming.
Before going to swim，we should pay attention three points. The first is to make your body in a better state. The second is that do not eat too . The last is that you’d better swim with some friends. These can help you stay safe and enjoy .
课件37张PPT。Unit 12 Culture Shocktoowe it to their children to tryOwingapologiesapologize to your mother formake/offer an apology to your mother forfromabsorbedwas absorbedwas absorbedAbsorbed in his computer gamein his computer gameinTobrieflyforinanexchangemajorityspeakmajorinto speakonbookedorderAboveininAfter allinfromAs a result, he failedresulted in the death of the fishlivingto cutto walkwork→workingholding→holdsmoking→smokehadn’t saidwould rainif/thoughEven ifas if 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
[学生用书P58]
品句填词
1．The shop keeper rejected my request to ____________(更换) the shirt for a larger one.
答案：exchange
2．We should ____________(吸收) whatever experience is useful to us.
答案：absorb
3．The ____________(美味的) food on the table made our mouths water.
答案：tasty
4．I ____________(欠) you a drink for helping me move.
答案：owe
5．It’ll only be a ____________(短暂的) visit because we really haven’t much time.
答案：brief
6．The audience can ____________(预订) the tickets for the concert a week ahead.
答案：book
7．A large ____________(大多数) of people approve of the death sentence.
答案：majority
8．If their demands are ____________(合情合理的)，we should meet them.
答案：reasonable
9．I’m afraid I was impolite to you yesterday；I think I owe you an ____________(道歉)．
答案：apology
10．The boys usually ____________(闲逛) in the park at weekends to kill time.
答案：wander
单句改错
1．Absorbing in his game, he forgot to have lunch.____________________
答案：Absorbing→Absorbed
2．The chairman asked me to give a briefly introduction.____________________
答案：briefly→brief
3．The majority of the students likes the popular songs.____________________
答案：likes→like
4．The old man has got used to stay with the young people.____________________
答案：stay→staying
5．The young man was fired as a result this big mistake.____________________
答案：result后加of
完成句子
1．即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
We’ll make a trip ________________________．
答案：even though the weather is bad
2．即使你不同意，我们也要执行这项计划。
We will carry out the plan __________________________．
答案：even though you don’t agree
3．我希望能成为一位著名的飞行员。
I wish ________________________．
答案：I could be a famous pilot
4．我希望上周没有去那个地方。
I wish ______________________．
答案：I hadn’t been to that place last week
5．我希望明天能与那位明星交流想法。
I wish ____________________________．
答案：I could exchange ideas with the star
课文语法填空
Dear Aunt Mei，
How time flies! It has been 6 months 1.____________ I came here. I owe you an apology for not 2.____________(write) to you more often.I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me 3.____________ I’m still experiencing culture shock. I’m glad you’ll visit me soon and I 4.____________(tell) you something about London.London is an international city 5.____________ there are many international restaurants and there is at least one Chinese restaurant in every town.You have to get 6.____________(use) to the tipping system here.I suggest 7.____________(leave) 10% of the bill for the waiter or waitress.You can get some traveller’s cheques as it’s easy to exchange them at banks or hotels.I think we should consider 8.____________(stay) in the English countryside for a few nights so as to enjoy hiking and taste some mushrooms.Don’t forget 9.____________(bring) a warm coat for it can get pretty cold and foggy here.One last thing，don’t worry about how to get along with the people here because the majority of them 10.____________(be) quite friendly.
I am looking forward to your visit!
Love，
Xiaojin
答案：1.since 2.writing 3.for 4.will tell 5.where 6.used 7.leaving 8.staying 9.to bring 10.are
A卷[学生用书P129(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．He is now，____________ (owe) to ill health, not so active in social work.
答案：owing
2．Against all ____________(expect), the play was greatly welcomed.
答案：expectation
3．He made an ____________(apologize) to the guests for the oversight.
答案：apology
4．He was too ____________(absorb) in the newspaper to hear the bell.
答案：absorbed
5．The ____________(major) of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
答案：majority
6．We are busy in ____________(make) arrangement for Christmas.
答案：making
7．They soon got used to ____________(drive) on the left.
答案：driving
8．Some animals get ____________(confuse) when seeing their reflection in a mirror.
答案：confused
9．____________ brief, I have made up my mind to quit job.
答案：In
10．I gave him my camera in exchange ____________ his watch.
答案：for
阅读理解
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War Ⅲ. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son？” she bemoans all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70，000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame(名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6：30 a．m. and usually comes home around 5 p．m. or even 6 p．m. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者和妈妈谈话时，妈妈总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，他妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事。
1．Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about?
A．The writer’s studies.
B．The writer’s future job.
C．Dinner plans.
D．Wars around the world.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future可知，他们会谈论他未来的工作。所以本题选B项。
2．We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother________．
A．doesn’t want the writer to major in English
B．doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor
C．gets along very well with the writer
D．doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.事实上，当我说计划主修英语和交际时，她气得心脏病都要发作了。可知，他妈妈不想让他主修英语。所以本题选A项。
3．The underlined word “bemoans” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “________”．
A．agrees B．shouts
C．complains D．smiles
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据前后文可知，作者的妈妈对于儿子不能像她同事的儿子一样感到不满。agree“同意”，shout“喊”，complain“抱怨”，smile“微笑”。根据题干，本题应该选C项。
4．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer?
A．He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.
B．He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C．He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.
D．He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.可知，作者想追求自己的梦想去做他真正喜欢的事情。所以本题选D项。
完形填空
Two old beggars were sitting on a busy street corner of a big city.They watched __1__ as a lot of people walked by without looking at them.Sometimes, a kind-hearted woman or a small child would __2__ a few coins in the hats in front of them.
Today was not a __3__ day for begging.The men were able to __4__ enough for a big meal.As it was getting dark, they started to __5__ their things.
Just as they were getting ready to leave, they __6__ a man walking toward them.He was a __7__ man—they could tell that from his fine clothes.The first beggar said to the second with __8__，“He’s coming our way！”The man stopped, __9__ into his pocket and took something out.What looked like a piece of hard __10__， wrapped in white paper, hit each of their waiting hats.The rich man turned and __11__ his way.
“He could have easily left us a few __12__ or a bill, but he laughed at us with a piece of rock candy，”said the first beggar.He looked at the offering __13__．“There’s no way we can __14__ this—we have no teeth.”With these words, he picked up the thing and threw it away.Then he collected his things and __15__．
The second beggar wanted to do the same, __16__ a second thought made him change his __17__．“I haven’t had anything like this for ages，”he thought.“How __18__ of that man to offer me something so sweet！”With that, he opened the white paper.To his __19__， there was no hard rock candy inside.__20__， a shiny white pearl worth thousands of dollars fell into his hand.
【解题导语】 两个乞丐在街边乞讨。有一个穿着很好的富人扔下了一个硬糖一样的东西，就离开了。其中一个乞丐很生气，离开了，但是另一个乞丐捡起了它，发现是一个价值几千美元的珍珠。
1．A.helplessly B．happily
C．uselessly D．quickly
A 解析：根据句中的as a lot of people walked by without looking at them可知，乞丐感到很无望。
2．A.steal B．lose
C．drop D．send
C 解析：有时，一个好心的女人或小孩会扔下几枚硬币。drop使落下。
3．A.cloudy B．bad
C．rainy D．cold
B 解析：根据下文内容enough for a big meal可知，今天对于乞丐们来讲是不错的一天。
4．A.collect B．pick
C．buy D．find
A 解析：乞丐们能够筹集到足够的钱去大吃一顿。collect收集。
5．A.carry B．hide
C．place D．pack
D 解析：开始天黑时，他们开始打包东西了。pack打包。
6．A.felt B．heard
C．noticed D．believed
C 解析：正当他们准备离开时，他们注意到一个人走向他们。notice注意到。
7．A.kind B．strong
C．tall D．rich
D 解析：他是个有钱人。rich富有的。根据下文的fine clothes可知答案。
8．A.worry B．excitement
C．fear D．politeness
B 解析：第一个乞丐兴奋地对第二个说……excitement兴奋。
9．A.turned B．looked
C．went D．reached
D 解析：这个人停下了，伸手向口袋里够。reach够。
10．A.candy B．cake
C．rock D．bread
A 解析：看上去有点儿像一个硬糖。
11．A.forgot B．changed
C．missed D．continued
D 解析：这个富人转身离开了。continue继续。
12．A.books B．coins
C．sweets D．flowers
B 解析：他本可以轻易给我们几个硬币或者支票。coin硬币。
13．A.angrily B．proudly
C．nervously D．quietly
A 解析：他生气地看着这个施舍。angrily生气地。
14．A.smell B．eat
C．like D．put
B 解析：我们不能吃，因为我们没有牙。
15．A.slept B．sat
C．left D．cried
C 解析：后来他收拾东西，离开了。leave离开。
16．A.if B．although
C．after D．but
D 解析：第二个乞丐想做同样的事情，但是又想了想，他改变了主意。
17．A.habit B．way
C．mind D．rule
C 解析：参考上一题解析。change one’s mind改变主意。
18．A.nice B．funny
C．clever D．strange
A 解析：这个人多么好，给了我们这么甜的东西。
19．A.interest B．sadness
C．surprise D．pity
C 解析：让他吃惊的是，里面没有硬糖。surprise惊讶。
20．A.Besides B．Instead
C．However D．Again
B 解析：相反，一颗价值几千美元的闪亮的珍珠掉在他手里。instead相反地。
B卷[学生用书P131(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
A few months ago I was at a bus stop in town in the evening. The bus came on time and I took the window seat. The bus was traveling by the seashore and I was enjoying the soft wind while watching the sea waves. After a few minutes the bus made its next stop. A young boy and a girl got on. They were standing on my left when the bus pulled off. I looked at them in surprise and realized that all the window seats were taken up. They could sit but not together. Suddenly a different wave passed through my body and my inner mind gave me the advice to get up. I got up and offered them my seat. The young lady smiled kindly and said thanks. I took another seat and we parted our ways. I don’t remember whether I got off the bus before them or not.
Months passed by. Suddenly one day while I was standing at the same bus stop waiting some time for the bus to arrive I heard a voice.
“Excuse me, Uncle.” I looked in the direction of the voice. It was a beautiful young lady.
Puzzled, I said, “I do not recognize you.”
She said, “Do you remember you gave us your window seat？”
Puzzled, I said, “Maybe, but what is so great in that？”
She said, “If you had not given your seat that day, perhaps I would have not sat with my friend. By sitting together it helped us bridge a misunderstanding that had been between us forever. Do you know we are getting married next month？”
“Good! God bless both of you，” I replied.
The young lady again said thank you and went on her journey. I realized the importance of giving that day.
【解题导语】 作者在公共汽车上为了让一对年轻的情侣坐在一起而让了座。几个月之后，作者遇到了当时的那个女孩，女孩对作者说了那次让座帮助一对情侣有机会消除了很久以来的误解，并且下个月就要结婚了。
1．Why were the young boy and the girl standing on the bus？
A．Because they couldn’t sit together.
B．Because they wanted to enjoy the sea weaves.
C．Because there were no empty seats.
D．Because they preferred to stand.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They could sit but not together.可知，当时这对情侣可以坐下，但是不能坐在一起，所以两人都站着。
2．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means that the author had a feeling that ________．
A．the sea wave made him upset
B．he wanted to do something special
C．a wave from the sea passed by him
D．he wanted to make a sea wave in his heart
B 解析：句意理解题。根据下文的I got up and offered them my seat.可知，作者内心有个声音促使作者起来给他们让座。
3．The author’s act of kindness helped the young boy and the girl ________．
A．begin to talk to each other again after a time of silence
B．sit together and become friends very soon
C．know each other and get married
D．clear up a misunderstanding between them
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的By sitting together it helped us bridge a misunderstanding that had been between us forever.可知，作者的让座帮助那对情侣消除了存在已久的误会。
4．From the story, we can know that ________．
A．small things can create great happenings in life
B．giving is more important than receiving
C．offering one’s seat to others will lead to a marriage
D．we sometimes forget what happened in the past
A 解析：推理判断题。作者好心让了一次座，却没想到竟然能帮助一对情侣消除很久以来的误会，并且重归于好。所以A项是正确答案。
B
Living in a foreign culture can be exciting, but it can also be confusing.A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They found that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”．
On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked，“Do you have cold drinks？”The woman there didn’t say anything. Lisa repeated the question. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She had raised her eyebrows，which in Micronesia means “yes”．
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was famous for its cabbage. She asked the waiter，“Do you have cabbage today？”He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means “no”．
Tom had a similar problem when arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some people had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”．
【解题导语】 本文介绍了几位在别的国家教英语的美国人因为文化差异而造成的沟通障碍。
5．The Americans teaching English in other countries found that they________．
A．had problems with communications
B．needed to learn foreign languages
C．should often discuss their experiences
D．should go abroad for vacations
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的They found that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”．可知，他们发现沟通误解随处可在。
6．People in Micronesia show “yes” by ________．
A．nodding heads
B．raising eyebrows
C．shaking heads
D．saying “no”
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的She had raised her eyebrows，which in Micronesia means “yes”．可知，抬眉毛表示“是的”。
7．Tom misunderstood his class at first because________．
A．he didn’t know where the students came from
B．he didn’t explain everything clearly enough
C．some students didn’t understand his questions
D．he did not know much about Indian culture
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”．可知，原因是他不了解印度文化。
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．In Bulgaria，nodding heads means “no”．
B．Jan taught English on a Pacific island.
C．Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.
D．In India，only shaking heads means “yes”．
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的In that country, a nod means “no”．可知，在这个国家，点头表示“不”。
七选五
Why Don’t Students Like School?
Most of the teachers I know entered the job because they loved school as children. 1.________ However, they are understandably discouraged when they find that some of their students don’t like school much, and that they, the teachers, have great difficulty inspiring them. Why is it difficult to make school enjoyable for students?
As a matter of fact, the brain is not designed for thinking. It’s designed to ask you not to have to think, because the brain is actually not very good at thinking. Thinking is slow and unreliable. 2.________ People like to solve problems, but they do not like to work on problems that cannot be solved. If schoolwork is always just a bit too difficult for a student, it should be no surprise that he doesn’t like school much. 3.________
What is the nature of being human? 4.________ Many people would answer that it is our ability to reason that makes us different—birds can fly, fish can swim, and humans can think . (By thinking I mean solving problems, reasoning, reading something complex, or doing any mental work that requires some effort.) Shakespeare thought highly of our cognitive(认知) ability in Hamlet: “What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason！” Some three hundred years later, however, Henry Ford came up with a quite different opinion, “Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is the probable reason why so few people are interested in it.” They both had a point of view. Humans are good at certain types of reasoning, especially compared to other animals, but we hardly often exercise those abilities. 5.________ Thinking is not only painful, as Ford noted, it’s also slow and unreliable.
A．A cognitive scientist would add another point of view, “Humans don’t think very often because our brains are designed not for thought but for escaping from thought.”
B．What sets us apart from other species?
C．Of course you could make each decision with care and thought.
D．However, people enjoy thinking if it is successful.
E．Therefore, teachers should reconsider how they encourage their students to think, in order to make thinking enjoyable enough for students to go after.
F．If we are all so bad at thinking, how does anyone get through the day?
G．They want to help their students feel the same excitement and passion for learning that they felt.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了学生不喜欢学校的原因。
1．G 解析：空前的句子意为：大部分老师进入学校是因为他们喜欢这个工作。空后的句子意为：然而，当他们发现有些学生不喜欢学校时，感到很是沮丧。可知，此空填G项(他们想帮助学生从学习中获得乐趣)。
2．D 解析：根据上文的．..because the brain is actually not very good at thinking. Thinking is slow and unreliable.可知，大脑不善于思考，思考是慢而不可靠的。但是人们不这样认为，与D项吻合。
3．E 解析：上文If schoolwork is always just a bit too difficult for a student, it should be no surprise that he doesn’t like school much.的意思是：如果作业很难，学生不喜欢学校就不奇怪了。所以老师们需要改变思路和做法，与E项吻合。
4．B 解析：根据下文的Many people would answer that it is our ability to reason that makes us different可知，此处的问题是问：人类和别的生物有什么不同的，与B项吻合。
5．A 解析：根据下文的Thinking is not only painful, as Ford noted, it’s also slow and unreliable. 可知，此空是关于人类思考的问题。再根据本段内容可知，选A项。
短文改错
Among different kind of sports, swimming is my favorite. It was a very excited experience to learn swimming with my parents when I was five years old then.
Swimming is a real good sport. It makes me feeling relaxed. This sport can make me stay health and strong，so I exercise almost every part of my body every time I go swimming.
Before going to swim，we should pay attention three points. The first is to make your body in a better state. The second is that do not eat too many. The last is that you’d better swim with some friends. These can help you stay safe and enjoy ourselves.
答案：
Among different of sports, swimming is my favorite. It was a very experience to learn swimming with my parents when I was five years old .
Swimming is a good sport. It makes me relaxed. This sport can make me stay and strong， I exercise almost every part of my body every time I go swimming.
Before going to swim，we should pay attention three points. The first is to make your body in a better state. The second is that do not eat too . The last is that you’d better swim with some friends. These can help you stay safe and enjoy .
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
1．modest adj. 谦虚的；适度的
2．lift n. 搭车
3．request n. 请求
4．familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的
5．aspect n. 方面
6．stare vi. 盯着看，凝视
7．whisper vi. 低语，耳语
8．conduct vt. 指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)；实施
9．manners n．礼貌→manner n．方式
10．indicate vt. 表明；表示→indication n．表明
11．curiously adv. 奇怪地；好奇地→curious adj. 好奇的
12．movement n. 动作；活动→move v. 移动
13．arrival n. 到达，抵达→arrive v. 到达
14．cautious adj. 小心翼翼的，谨慎的→caution n. 谨慎
15．injure vt. 伤害→injury n．伤害
1．give...a__lift 让……搭车
2．see...off 给(某人)送行
3．have__a__difficult__time__doing__sth.
做某事有困难
4．hang__on 稍等
5．stare__at 凝视，盯住
6．break__into 闯入，破门而入
1．do you think作插入语
So，what do__you__think(你认为) we should do this weekend?
2．was/were doing...when...正在做……时，这时……
I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when__I__noticed__people__staring__at__us(突然发现人们在注视着我们)．
3．the last time引导时间状语从句
I had a similar experience the last time I visited China(我上次访问中国时)．
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Jin Li had a splendid evening，but she________．
A．was not really welcome
B．didn’t like her American friend
C．couldn’t be able to understand her friend’s behaviour
D．was unwilling to say goodbye
2．To some American people，Wang Lei’s behaviour at the table ________．
A．sounded like she was quarrelling with her friends
B．was hard to understand
C．made people interested in Chinese manners
D．aimed to attract people’s attention
3．Martin thought Chinese people were ________ from his experience of exchange to China.
A．modest B．hardworking
C．brave D．welcoming
4．Why did Tom’s friend’s grandfather insist on walking him to the station to see him off?
A．Because it was not safe for Tom to leave alone.
B．Because Tom didn’t know the way to the station.
C．Because Tom didn’t know which bus to take.
D．Because it was a certain aspect of the Chinese way of doing things.
答案：1－4.CADD
When I first arrived in San Francisco，I had a difficult time understanding① certain aspects ② of the American way of doing③ things. Once④ I went to visit an American friend.After a splendid⑤ evening, I finished my cocoa⑥ and got ready to leave. As soon as we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him⑦ It made me feel that I was not really welcome.
Jin Li
I’ve always been outgoing⑧ but since⑨ an embarrassing experience in a New York restaurant I’ve been much more cautious⑩.I was enjoying my dessert? and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring? at us?.I asked Janice what was wrong and she told me that I was talking too loudly. She said that to some American people, it sounded like? I was shouting.I whispered? for the rest of the evening.
Wang Lei
①have a difficult/hard time in doing sth.做某事遇到了困难
②aspect ['?spekt] n．方面
③the way of doing sth.＝the way to do sth.做某事的方式
④once以前，曾经，常用于一般过去时。
⑤splendid ['splend?d] adj.极佳的；非常好的；壮观的
⑥cocoa ['k??k??] n．可可饮料，可可粉
⑦此处是现在分词作伴随状语。
⑧outgoing [?a?t'ɡ????] adj.友好的，乐于交友的
⑨since在此处用作介词，意为：自从……
⑩cautious ['k????s] adj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的caution n．谨慎
?dessert [d?'z??t] n．(正餐最后的)甜食，甜点心
?stare [ste?] vi.盯着看，凝视stare at sb.盯着某人看
?本句是was doing...when...句型，意为：正在做……时，这时……；notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人做某事
?sound like...听起来像……
?whisper ['w?sp?] vi.低语，耳语
我刚到旧金山时，有段时间我觉得很难理解美国人的某些处事方式。一次，我去拜访一位美国朋友。过了美好的一个夜晚后，我喝完可乐，准备离开。但是我们刚互致再见，这位朋友转身就关上了门。这使我感到自己不是很受欢迎。
金丽
我是一个外向的人，但是自从在纽约的一家饭店有过一次尴尬的经历后，我比较小心了。我和我的美国朋友詹妮斯正在餐桌前边吃甜点边聊天，突然发现人们在注视着我们。我问詹妮斯出什么事了，她说是因为我说话声音太大了。她告诉我，在某些美国人看来，我说话的声音听起来就像在喊叫。那天晚上剩下的时间里，我一直低声说话。
王磊
What did I learn about Chinese customs?from my exciting exchange to China? Well, the Chinese are extremely welcoming. One evening, I was invited to a Chinese family dinner. I had a good appetite? and the food was yummy?. But my host kept on putting? more food in my rice bowl. They didn’t seem to hear me saying “No, thank you” in my poor spoken?.Chinese. This was a very special experience I had in China? In my culture, you don’t get more food if you don’t ask for?more.
Martin
?custom ['k?st?m] n．习俗，风俗
?appetite ['?p?ta?t] n．食欲，胃口
?yummy ['j?mi] adj.美味的
?keep on doing sth.一直做某事
?spoken ['sp??k?n] adj.口头的spoken English英语口语
此处是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰experience。
ask for sth.要某物
我从令人兴奋的中国留学中学到了哪些中国习俗？嗯，中国人特别好客。有一天晚上，我被邀请参加一个中国家庭的晚餐。我胃口很好，吃了很多可口的食物。但是吃饱后主人还是不停地往我碗里夹菜。好像根本没听见我用蹩脚的中文说“不用了，谢谢。”这是我在中国的一次特殊经历。在我们国家，如果你不想再要的话，没人会给你再加饭菜。
马丁
I had a similar experience the last time I visited China?The Chinese are the friendliest people I have ever met? After my visit to a Chinese family, my friend’s grandfather wouldn’t let me go to the bus station alone?. He insisted on walking? me to the station to see me off?.I kept saying that I knew the way myself, but it just did not work?.What he did? was amazing. This will not happen in many other cultures, I guess.
Tom
Chinese people are very modest too. Last time, when I visited China?，we saw the tour guide wearing a very pretty fur? coat on the day we left?.I told her the coat suited her, but she looked very embarrassed, saying that it was a cheap one she had bought a long time ago?.I was surprised. In my culture, when people say nice things about us, we feel very happy and say thanks.
Tina
the last time引导时间状语从句。意为：上次……时。
此处是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰people。
alone adv.独自一人lonely adj.孤独的
insist on doing sth.坚持做某事
see...off 给(某人)送行
work vi.不起作用
此处what引导主语从句。
此处的when引导定语从句，修饰上文的Last time。
fur [f??] n．毛皮，浓密的软毛
we left是省略关系副词的定语从句，修饰the day。
saying that...是现在分词短语作伴随状语；she had bought a long time ago是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰one。
上次访问中国时，我的经历和你差不多。中国人是我见过最友好的。一天，我拜访一个中国朋友后离开时，朋友的祖父不让我独自去车站。他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。我反复说我认识路，但他就是不听。他的做法很让人诧异。我想这样的事在许多别的国家是不会发生的。
汤姆
中国人还很谦虚。上次访问中国时，离开那天，我看到导游穿着一件非常漂亮的外衣。我对她说，这件衣服真合身。没想到她看上去很不好意思，解释说这件外衣是很早以前买的，而且很便宜。这真让我吃惊。在我们国家，当人们称赞时，我们会感到很高兴，而且会马上道谢的。
蒂娜
manners n．礼貌
(经典例句)He has no manners.
他毫无礼貌。
(1)It is good manners/bad manners to do sth.
做某事是有礼貌/没礼貌的。
(2)manner n. 方式
in a．..manner 用……的方式
①It is good manners to say hello to others in the morning.
在早上和人打招呼是很有礼貌的。
②It is bad manners(manner) to stare at others for a long time.
长时间盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
③The manner of his death attracted the public’s attention.
他死亡的方式吸引了公众的注意力。
④Customers should be treated in a polite manner.
应该以礼貌的方式对待顾客。
manners表示“礼貌”时只有复数形式。
request n．& vt.请求；要求；邀请
(教材P39)to make a request to someone you don’t know very well
向一个你不太熟悉的人提出请求
(1)request sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth.
要求/请求……做某事
(2)make (a) request for... 请求；要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
①We most prefer to say yes to the requests of someone we know and like.
对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求我们大多喜欢说可以。
②I came to give a talk to the students at the request of the headmaster.
我应校长的要求来给学生们作报告。
③They request that all the cleaning work (should)__be__finished(finish) this morning.
他们要求所有的清洁工作要在今天上午完成。
request后的宾语从句、表语从句以及It is requested that...从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should＋)do形式。
familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的
(教材P40)Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.
金丽在到达美国之后，很快熟悉了美国的生活方式。
(1)be familiar with “熟悉，通晓”。其主语通常是指人的名词，with的宾语是主语通晓的事物。
(2)be familiar to “为……所熟悉”。其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物，to的宾语通常是指人的名词。
①People are more relaxed in familiar surroundings.
在熟悉的环境中人们更容易放松。
②The actress named Liu Tao is familiar to most fans.
大多数粉丝都很熟悉女演员刘涛。
③Since I am familiar with Beijing，I can help visitors find their way in the city.
我熟悉北京，所以可以给游客指路。
④And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the__most__familiar and natural of all.
散步是一种理想的锻炼形式——所有人都熟悉的最自然的锻炼形式。
stare vi.盯着看，凝视
(教材P40)I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us. 我和我的美国朋友詹妮斯正在餐桌前边吃甜点边聊天，突然发现人们在注视着我们。
stare at 盯着看；凝视
①She stared at the painting，wondering where she had seen it.
她凝视着这幅画，想知道自己曾在哪里见过它。
②There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring (stare) at the night sky.
没有比背躺在草地中间，凝视着夜空更让人感到快乐的事情了。
stare at指由于惊愕、羡慕而睁大眼睛凝视；glare at强调怒视；glance at 强调匆匆一看，扫视。
[巧学活用]——选词填空(stare at/glare at/glance at)
(1)The boy glared__at the thief，shouting，“Put it here.”
(2)He glanced__at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
(3)The little boy stared__at the stranger for a few minutes before answering his questions.
whisper vi.& vt.低语，耳语，小声说；把(秘密等)悄悄传开 n．耳语，低语
(教材P40)I whispered for the rest of the evening.
那天晚上剩下的时间里，我一直低声说话。
(1)whisper sth.to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper sth.in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is/was whispered that... 有人私下说……；据秘
密传闻……
(2)in a whisper 低声地
①“I was chosen to star in a new film，” she whispered in my ear.
“我被选中在一部新电影中担当主角，”她在我耳边低语道。
②It is whispered(whisper) that the super star has been arrested for taking drugs.
听说这位超级明星由于吸毒而被刑拘。
③She said it in__a__whisper,__so most of us couldn’t hear.
这是她悄声说的，所以我们大部分人没有听清说的是什么。
injure vt.伤害；损害
(教材P41)Parents think their children may get injured and they won’t let them play in the street.
父母认为他们的孩子可能会受伤，不让他们在街上玩耍。
(1)be badly injured 被伤得很重
(2)injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 伤者；伤员
(3)injury n. 伤害；损害
①I hope I didn’t injure her feelings.
我希望我没有伤害她的感情。
②My arm was badly injured, which stopped me from the game. 我胳膊伤得很重，没法参加比赛了。
③Army helicopters tried to evacuate the injured(injure)．
军用直升机设法撤出伤员。
④The girl has recovered from the injury(injure) in the accident. 女孩已经从事故的伤害中恢复了。
wound
指利器或子弹对肉体造成的伤害
harm
指无形的伤害，“对……有害”。常指伤及一个人的健康、权利、事业等
hurt
(肉体或精神上的)伤害；(身体部位)感到疼，强调疼痛
injure
常指各种性质的身体上或精神上的伤害。多指事故中人或物的损伤，包括容貌、生理、身体等
[巧学活用]——选词填空(wound/harm/hurt/injure)
(1)What really hurt me was that he ignored me on purpose.
(2)About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
(3)Two men were severely injured trying to save a girl from the burning house.
(4)I assure you that this medicine cannot harm you.
drop off 让……下车；打盹儿，打瞌睡；减少，逐渐消失
(教材P39)Do you think you could drop me off at the mailbox？ 你能让我在邮箱附近下车吗？
[一词多义]——写出下列句中drop off的含义
(1)She usually drops the kids off at school on her way to work.让……下车
(2)I dropped off and missed the end of the film.打盹
(3)My interest in the work has dropped off.逐渐消失
drop away 减弱；减少
drop back 落后
drop behind 落后；落在……后面
drop in (on sb.) 拜访(某人)
drop out (of sth.) 不再参加，退出；辍学
①The lecture was so dull that soon the audience began to drop away.
演讲单调乏味，不久，听众就开始陆续离席了。
②Learning is like rowing upstream；not to advance is to drop back. 学如逆水行舟，不进则退。
③She was ill in bed, feeling that she would drop behind others in her class.
她卧病在床，觉得会落后于班里其他人了。
④I will drop in on my old friend when I get there.
我到达那里时，会去拜访我的老朋友。
⑤He was injured in the accident, so he had to drop out of the game.
他在事故中受伤了，所以只好退出比赛。
hang on 稍等；不挂断；取决于；坚持不懈，不放弃；握住不放
(教材P39)Great！Hang on a second.I’ll just get my bag.
好极了！等会儿，我拿包去。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中hang on的含义
(1)Hang on to the rope，or you will fall.抓紧
(2)Much hangs on the success of the cooperation between the two countries.取决于
(3)I think we should hang on and see the end of the game.稍等
hang out 挂出；闲逛
hang up 挂断(电话)；悬挂；搁置
hang around 闲荡；徘徊
hang over 笼罩；威胁
①We often hang out with our friends on weekends.
在周末我们经常同朋友们一起去闲逛。
②She has hung__up the phone before I could say something. 我还没说话，她就挂断了电话。
③A group of kids would hang__around at the pond in the woods.
有一群孩子经常在森林里的池塘边徘徊。
see...off 为(某人)送行
(教材P40)He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off. 他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。
see around 常看见
see about 处理；安排
see to 办理；照料
see to it that... 确保……； 务必使……
see through 识破，看穿
①He saw his friend off at the bus station.
他在车站给朋友送行。
②I have never talked to her, but I’ve seen her around．
我没和她说过话，但是我经常看见她。
③I must go to see about the job.
我必须去安排一下工作。
④See__to__it__that you’re here punctually tomorrow morning.
明天早上务必准时到这里来。
⑤We can all see through your little game.
我们都能看穿你的小把戏。
break into 闯入，破门而入；突然……起来
(教材P41)The burglar broke into the house and Nancy saw him. 小偷闯入房子且南茜看见他了。
break away from 离开；脱离
break down 打破，毁掉；出毛病；
(身体)垮了；恸哭
break out 突然爆发
break up 拆散，解散；分解，分裂；崩溃
break in 插嘴
break through 突围；突破
①Last night two thieves broke into the bank and stole the safe. 昨天晚上两个盗贼闯入银行并且偷走了保险柜。
②The old ship started to break up because of the storm.
由于暴风雨，这艘旧船开始解体。
③When we were discussing it, the man broke in．
我们在讨论这件事情时，这个人插嘴了。
(教材P38)So，what do you think we should do this weekend？ 那么，你认为我们这个周末应该做什么？
(1)该句是what引导的特殊疑问句，do you think在句中作插入语。这种疑问句在很多情况下被称为“含插入语的混合疑问句”。
(2)含插入语的混合疑问句常用来征询对方对某一问题的看法、判断、认识或请求对方重复一遍说过的话，常用于口语中，常见的动词有believe，consider，guess，imagine，suppose，think等表示“思考、考虑、猜想、认为、想象”的词。该混合疑问句的句子结构为：疑问词＋do/did＋you＋动词＋陈述句？
①When do you think he will come?
你认为他什么时候来？
②Who__do__you__suppose will star in this TV play?
你认为谁会主演这部电视剧？
③I can’t find Tom. Where do you think he has__gone__(go)?
我找不到汤姆了，你认为他去了哪儿？
④How__do__you__believe we should solve the problem?
你认为我们应该怎样解决这个问题？
(教材P40)I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us. 我和我的美国朋友詹妮斯正在餐桌前边吃甜点边聊天，突然发现人们在注视着我们。
本句中when为并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。常见句型有：
(1)be doing...when... 正在做……这时……
(2)be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时……
(3)be just going to do...when...
正要做……这时……
(4)be on the point of doing...when...
正要做……这时……
(5)had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
①Michael was seeing the film when his phone rang.
迈克尔在看电影，这时他的手机响了。
②He was just about to__give(give) up hope when a good idea came into his mind.
他正要放弃希望，这时他想到一个好主意。
③She was on the point of leaving(leave) when I arrived.
她正要离开，这时我来了。
④We had just covered less than 20 miles when we were stuck in the storm.
我们刚走了不到20英里，就被困在了暴风雨中。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)The old man was walking in the field while it began to rain.while→when
(2)I was just about to opening the door when my phone rang.opening→open
(3)She had just arrived home while her mother asked her to play the piano.while→when
(教材P40)I had a similar experience the last time I visited China. 上次访问中国时，我的经历和你差不多。
(1)本句中the last time在本句中相当于连词，用来引导时间状语从句。
(2)类似的用法还有：
①every time，each time，the first time
②the moment，the instant，the minute
③immediately，directly，instantly
①The last time I met him, he said he wanted to experiment with new methods.
我上次见他时，他说想用新的方法进行实验。
②The moment I see the general manager，I will tell him about the coming meeting.
我一看到总经理，就会把要召开会议的事告诉他。
③The__first__time they referred to the young pianist，I thought he was a man without name.
他们第一次提到这位年轻的钢琴家时，我还以为他只是一个无名的小人物。
④I came immediately(immediate) I heard the news.
我一听到这个消息，马上就来了。
[学生用书P64]
品句填词
1．Wherever you are，it is bad ____________(礼貌) to blow your nose at table.
答案：manners
2．He looked ____________(好奇地) at the people around him.
答案：curiously
A red sky at night often ____________(预示) fine weather the following day.
答案：indicates
The two groups met for ____________(非正式的) talks.
答案：informal
Anderson repeated his ____________(要求) that we postpone the meeting.
答案：request
The car accident left him seriously ____________(受伤的)．
答案：injured
He explained away his late ____________(到达) by blaming it on the crowded roads.
答案：arrival
In order not to be overheard by others，the two friends ____________(低声地说) to each other.
答案：whispered
We’re looking for someone with an ____________(外向的) personality.
答案：outgoing
We won’t go wrong because I’m quite ____________(熟悉的) with the streets here.
答案：familiar
单句改错
1．It is good manner to make room for the old.____________________
答案：manner→manners
2．The government requested that the villagers protected the river.____________________
答案：protected→protect
3．The old song is familiar with most of the middle-aged.____________________
答案：with→to
4．The injure were taken to the local hospital by the villagers.____________________
答案：injure→injured
5．I will see the guests of at the airport the day after tomorrow.____________________
答案：of→off
完成句子
1．他正在做作业，这时他爸爸进来了。
He was doing his homework ____________________．
答案：when his father came in
2．他刚睡着电话铃就响了。
He had just drifted off to sleep ____________________．
答案：when the phone rang
3．你下次来，请把你的作文带来。
____________________， please bring your composition.
答案：Next time you come
4．最后一次看到他时，他在纽约。
________________________， he was in New York.
答案：The last time I saw him
5．你认为刚才他说什么？
What __________________ he said just now?
答案：do you think
A卷[学生用书P133(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．They broke ____________ loud cheers on hearing the news.
答案：into
2．He opened the letter addressed to his sister out of ____________(curious)．
答案：curiosity
3．It is my belief that good ____________(manner) are very important to everybody.
答案：manners
4．They made a request that the prisoners ____________(set) free.
答案：be set
5．He is quite familiar ____________ the city because he is a native of it.
答案：with
6．She speaks ____________ a whisper so as not to wake him up.
答案：in
7．I was so tired that I dropped ____________ in front of the television.
答案：off
8．He got ____________(injure) through his own carelessness.
答案：injured
9．An agreement was about to be reached ____________ the other side raised new issues.
答案：when
10．When do you fly home? I’ll see you ____________．
答案：off
阅读理解
A
Have you ever wanted to travel back in time? What about traveling into the future? There’s an easy way to do it. One way you can make a time travel journey is by writing a letter to your future self to be opened in the future. To your future self, the letter will be a visit from the past. What can be gained by writing a letter to yourself? It depends on how good your letter is. You have the chance to say something to your future self. What would you want to communicate? You’ll be able to talk to yourself 5，10，15 years down the road. There may be instructions for your future self, or you may have goals that you will want to check up on.
There are a lot of things you could include in your letter or letters to yourself. The more you include, the better the letter will be to you. Here are some ideas to include in your letter：
Your thought and feelings about life, politics, society, etc.
Your feelings for your family.
Your likes and dislikes.
…
Be creative with what you put in your letter. Include a picture of yourself or family to show the period from which the letter came.
You can store your letter in many different ways. You can give your letter to a friend or family member to keep and mail to you. If you can get others to take part, have them write letters to themselves as well and ask someone to be the letter holder until it’s time to send the letters. You can also use a service online to store your letter and e-mail it to you.
【解题导语】 给自己写信，留待未来打开。
1．How can you travel into the future?
A．By traveling back in time.
B．By paying a visit to the future.
C．By opening a letter from the past.
D．By writing a letter to your future self.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One way you can make a time travel journey is by writing a letter to your future self to be opened in the future.可知，通过给未来的自己写一封信来实现时间旅行的愿望。
2．If you want to gain more in the future, what should you do?
A．Have the chance to say something to your future self.
B．Include as many things as possible in your letter.
C．Write more about instructions for your future self.
D．Talk to yourself 5, 10, 15 years down the road.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的There are a lot of things you could include in your letter or letters to yourself. The more you include, the better the letter will be to you.可知，在写信时，要尽可能地多写上一些东西。
3．Why do you put a picture in your letter?
A．To check up on your goals.
B．To share your feelings with your family.
C．To show the time when the letter was written.
D．To find out your thoughts and feelings now.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Include a picture of yourself or family to show the period from which the letter came.可知，放上一张自己的照片是为了显示写信的时间。
4．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Write a Letter to Your Future Self
B．What to Communicate with Your Future Self
C．What to Include in a Letter to Your Future Self
D．How to Mail the Letter to Your Future Self
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：给未来的自己写信来实现时空旅行，下文介绍了写信的注意事项。故选A项。
B
Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.Remember that unlucky accidents with service providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings，and that getting angry will make communication more difficult and cause bad feelings.A taste of humour can make hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you，your fellow travellers and the local friends you’ve made.
Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recording.Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open the door for humour.Write a letter or e-mail to a friend when you find your humour reducing.Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.
Keep a list of funny things that you observe during your first few days in a new culture，and an explanation of what you think these things are all about.Look back on these lists later in the trip；what seemed strange before is probably familiar now，and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves！Imagine writing an entry in a guidebook about a frustrating experience.How would you describe your experience to the later travellers？What travel advice would you offer?
Try to see yourself through the eyes of locals.What might they find strange，funny about what you are doing at this moment？When you find it difficult to overcome cultural differences，taking a new look at yourself can be very funny.Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.
【解题导语】 文化和语言的误解会导致旅游交际中的困难。文章讲述了旅行者如何在旅行的过程中保持幽默，以达到旅行的目的。
5．According to the article，the travellers will often get depressed because of ________．
A．being short of money
B．the different attitudes to the same thing
C．not having enough clothes
D．the unlucky fellow travellers’ trouble
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.”可知，是文化的不同和思维的差异使旅行者不快乐。故该题的正确答案为B项。
6．When you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries，you should ________．
A．tell anything that you find entertaining
B．learn to respect the local customs
C．know how to overcome cultural differences
D．try to tell anything particularly funny
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知要尊重当地人的传统文化。故该题的正确答案为B项。
7．We can infer that ________．
A．the funny things will be always interesting and never change
B．the funny things would always make people happy
C．if the people didn’t experience the things they would find them funny
D．the things seemed strange before are surely becoming the familiar things
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation”可知，没有经历过的人会发现很多事情很有趣。故该题的正确答案为C项。
8．The article is intended for ________．
A．the performers who act in the music hall
B．the actors who often act in the theater
C．the travellers who are experienced
D．the travellers who want to be humorous
D 解析：推理判断题。文章就是给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人而写的。故该题的正确答案为D项。
七选五
If you’re trying to cut back on your snacking(吃零食), take a moment to consider that nearly 94% of Americans snack at least once a day.1.________ But once you take measures to change your habits, you might find it’s not as difficult as you think.
2．________ Meals that have a variety of nutrients(营养物) are more likely to satisfy the desire your body has.It is very important to make sure your meals are balanced so that you ensure you do not have the desire for snacks.Make sure to have quality proteins and fats at lunch, not foods like fast food.These can help carry away your hunger throughout the day.
Be sure to eat breakfast.Breakfasts that are high in protein are observed to increase satiety(饱足) in the morning.3.________ Try to eat at least 35 grams of protein for breakfast, in order to help you feel fuller throughout the day.
Eat high-protein diets to help you feel full longer.Protein takes more time to digest.4.________ Check the labels on your food when comparing items in the grocery store.This will allow you to select foods to carry away hunger.
Make your meals longer.Take your time to chew your food to help digest it.It can also give your body time to let you know that you are full.5.________
A．Eat balanced meals every day.
B．Avoid eating junk food in the evening.
C．This can help your meal last longer in your stomach.
D．They can also help people to feel fuller in the evening.
E．Research shows that people who chew more slowly feel less hungry.
F．Research shows exercising regularly can decrease the chance that you want to snack.
G．It can be difficult to cut back on snacks when snacking is such a common part of a culture.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了如何避免在三餐之间多吃零食的几点建议。
1．G 解析：根据本空前的If you’re trying to cut back on your snacking(吃零食), take a moment to consider that nearly 94% of Americans snack at least once a day.可知，此处承接上文，说的是在这样一种背景下少吃零食是很困难的。
2．A 解析：根据本段内容，特别是It is very important to make sure your meals are balanced so that you ensure you do not have the desire for snacks.可知，本段讲每天要吃均衡的膳食。
3．D 解析：根据本空前的Breakfasts that are high in protein are observed to increase satiety(饱足) in the morning.可知，此处讲的还是吃早餐的好处，吃好早餐能增强人的饱腹感。即使到了晚上，也会有一定的饱腹感。
4．C 解析：根据本空前的Protein takes more time to digest.可知，蛋白质不容易消化，这样会让食物在胃里持续更长时间。
5．E 解析：根据本空前的Take your time to chew your food to help digest it.可知，此处举例说明细嚼慢咽可以减少饥饿感。
B卷[学生用书P135(单独成册)]
阅读理解
I am a taxi driver.One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a__well-dressed__man dashing down the steps.He was waving at me.I waited until he jumped into the cab.“LaGuardia Airport, please，” he said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger.“What do you do？” “I’m in the neurology department(神经内科) at this hospital.” For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
“Could I ask a favor of you？” He didn’t answer.“I have a son, 16.He’s doing well in school.He wants a job this summer.Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job？” After a pause, he said, “The medical students have a research project.Maybe he could fit in.Have him send me his school records.” He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, I pulled the card from my pocket.“Robbie，” I announced proudly, “this could be a summer job for you.Send him your school record.” He read it out loud, “Fred Plum, New York Hospital.” “Is this a joke？” he said in disbelief.After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, my son handed me a letter from Plum.He was to phone Plum’s secretary for an interview.
Robbie got the job.The white coat he wore made him feel more important than he really was.As high school graduation neared, Plum was kind enough to write letters of recommendation for universities.To our delight, Robbie was admitted to New York Medical College.
It never occurred to me that a stranger should transform my son’s future.
【解题导语】 作者是出租车司机。有一次他问一位乘客能不能帮儿子介绍一份工作。这个乘客非常热心并且乐于助人，真的帮助作者的儿子找到了一份工作。
1．Who does the underlined phrase “a well-dressed man” in the first paragraph refer to?
A．The author. B．Plum.
C．Robbie. D．Patient.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a__well-dressed__man dashing down the steps.和He read it out loud, “Fred Plum, New York Hospital.”可知，这个穿着很好的人就是Plum。
2．The author threatened to cut off Robbie’s allowance probably because ________．
A．he was tired after a day’s work
B．he didn’t earn enough money
C．Robbie was unwilling to work
D．Robbie doubted what he said
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“Is this a joke？” he said in disbelief.After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.可知，是因为作者的儿子对这个事情不是很相信。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that Plum is ________．
A．patient and selfless
B．generous and respectful
C．kind and helpful
D．wealthy and handsome
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的介绍可知，Plum后来给作者的儿子安排了面试，作者的儿子真的找到了一个工作。说明他是个善良的并且乐于助人的人。
4．What message does the passage convey?
A．A stranger may change your life.
B．One must be friendly to strangers.
C．A father should be responsible for his son.
D．Doctors may have great influence on people.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据全文的故事和文章最后一段It never occurred to me that a stranger should transform my son’s future.可知，一个陌生人改变了作者的儿子的命运。故选A项。
完形填空
As I entered womanhood, mom told me that no matter what happened and no matter what I did, I could always come home. Because of what those words meant to me, I said the same thing to my __1__．
My childhood was filled with __2__—a lot of kisses，lots of hugs, and lots of spoken “I love you”. Because of what those meant to me, I __3__ my sons the same things.
My mom came from a __4__ family and had a difficult childhood，yet she never __5__ about how unlucky she was. __6__ my mom, I saw love’s ability to forgive.
I saw my sweet mom love my Grandpa, __7__ he had abandoned her and my Grandma and failed to __8__ for their needs; I never saw mom treat Grandpa any way but lovingly, even though he was far from __9__. I learned how love behaves and forgives.
I watched my mom __10__ my 100-year-old grandma who，in her blindness，deafness and feebleness(虚弱)，needed almost __11__ care. When I was in her home, I heard what I’ve heard all my life, “I love you, mom.” They would __12__ this to each other at least five times a __13__—when mom got Grandma up，made her comfortable in bed，or prepared her __14__. And I would hear love’s __15__ when Grandma said, “And I love you too.”
Love forgives and __16__， not focusing on what has happened. __17__， love’s focus is on what needs to be done and on doing it the __18__ we can.
My mom taught me to love；she told me to __19__ it on to my children, and she __20__ forgiveness herself.
【解题导语】 作者在本文中介绍了自己母亲的经历和遭遇，表达了对母亲的仁慈和宽容等品质的赞美之情。
1．A.friends B．children
C．settlers D．neighbors
B 解析：由上文中母亲对作者做的事情的介绍和文中的the same thing 可知，作者对自己的孩子也是这样做的。
2．A.happiness B．entertainment
C．confusion D．attraction
A 解析： 由下文的a lot of kisses，lots of hugs, and lots of spoken “I love you”可知，此处填happiness。
3．A.paid B．ordered
C．gave D．bought
C 解析：因为母亲对我做的对我来说意义重大，所以我给了儿子们同样的东西。
4．A.famous B．broken
C．fortunate D．peaceful
B 解析：母亲来自一个破碎的家庭。由下文的______ he had abandoned her and my Grandma and failed to______ for their needs；可知答案。
5．A.regretted B．argued
C．complained D．wondered
C 解析：但是她从来不抱怨她是多么倒霉。complain抱怨。
6．A.In B．Like
C．With D．Before
A 解析：在我妈妈身上，我看到了爱的能力是宽恕。
7．A.if B．because
C．so D．although
D 解析： “我看到我甜美的妈妈爱我的外公，虽然他抛弃了她和外婆。”是转折关系，用although。
8．A.offer B．provide
C．support D．react
B 解析：承接上文，外公抛弃了妈妈和外婆，没有提供她们需要的东西。provide提供。
9．A.modest B．ordinary
C．kind D．smart
C 解析：甚至外公一点也不善良。far from...远不是……
10．A.pick up B．bring out
C．look after D．turn to
C 解析：我看到妈妈照看100岁的外婆……由下文的介绍可知答案。
11．A.little B．total
C．early D．major
B 解析：外婆需要全方位的照料。total整个的。
12．A.whisper B．amuse
C．greet D．encourage
A 解析： 她们常常小声对彼此说…… whisper耳语。
13．A.day B．month
C．year D．second
A 解析：一天至少五次。
14．A.gesture B．dormitory
C．mess D．meal
D 解析：此处列举了妈妈为外婆做的一切：准备她的饭。
15．A.question B．response
C．solution D．measure
B 解析：我常常听到外婆对爱的回答……response回答。由下文的And I love you too.可知答案。
16．A.walks on B．falls behind
C．moves on D．runs away
C 解析：爱宽恕着，继续着……move on 继续前进。
17．A.However B．Instead
C．Also D．Therefore
B 解析：爱不是集中于已经发生的事情，相反，是集中于需要做的事情和需要我们做的最好的事情上。instead相反。
18．A.quickest B．least
C．longest D．best
D 解析：参考上一题解析。best最好的。
19．A.pass B．look
C．put D．write
A 解析：她告诉我把爱传给孩子。由上一句可知答案。
20．A.defended B．expected
C．showed D．supported
C 解析：她自己表现出的是宽恕。show显示。
语法填空
My wife and I had lunch out today. The waitress 1.____________ served us had a good attitude. The restaurant wasn’t very busy. She went out of her way 2.____________(make) us laugh and smile. To be honest, she was very 3.____________ (friend). I borrowed a pen from her and wrote a little note to her about how great her attitude was and thanked her for 4.____________ (make) our lunch so fun.
Then we left her a note and 5.____________ Smile Card. Because the restaurant was inside of another place, we were able 6.____________ (watch) her from outside the window when she found the note and the card.Her reaction was 7.____________(impress)! She 8.____________ (pick) up the note, read it and the Smile Card and then pumped her fist in the air a few times.It was excellent! We then saw her go over and show the note to the restaurant manager. We couldn’t hear 9.____________ they said, but we could see the smiles from a long 10.____________(distant) away. It was great and my wife was happy that we could watch the reaction.
1．who 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰The waitress，且在从句中作主语。
2．to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰her way。
3．friendly 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。
4．making 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词for后接动名词作宾语。
5．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，“一张微笑卡”。
6．to watch 解析：考查非谓语动词。be able to do sth.能够做某事。
7．impressive 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。impressive adj.令人印象深刻的。
8．picked 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。
9．what 解析：考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语。
10．distance 解析：考查词性转换。冠词后接名词。distance n．距离。
课件59张PPT。Unit 12 Culture Shockmodestliftrequestfamiliaraspectstarewhisperconductmannersindicatecuriouslymovementarrivalcautiousinjuregive...a liftsee...off have a difficult time doing sth.hang onstare atbreak intodo you thinkwhen I noticed people staring at usthe last time I visited Chinamannersmannerinat(should) be finishedtowiththe most familiarstaringglared atglanced atstared atwhisperedin a whisper,injuredinjuryhurtwoundedinjuredharm让……下车打盹逐渐消失backbehindonof 抓紧取决于稍等hung uphang aroundaroundabout See to it thatthrough upinWho do you supposehas goneHow do you believeto giveleavingwhile→whenopening→openwhile→whenTheimmediatelyThe first time本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
[学生用书P64]
品句填词
1．Wherever you are，it is bad ____________(礼貌) to blow your nose at table.
答案：manners
2．He looked ____________(好奇地) at the people around him.
答案：curiously
A red sky at night often ____________(预示) fine weather the following day.
答案：indicates
The two groups met for ____________(非正式的) talks.
答案：informal
Anderson repeated his ____________(要求) that we postpone the meeting.
答案：request
The car accident left him seriously ____________(受伤的)．
答案：injured
He explained away his late ____________(到达) by blaming it on the crowded roads.
答案：arrival
In order not to be overheard by others，the two friends ____________(低声地说) to each other.
答案：whispered
We’re looking for someone with an ____________(外向的) personality.
答案：outgoing
We won’t go wrong because I’m quite ____________(熟悉的) with the streets here.
答案：familiar
单句改错
1．It is good manner to make room for the old.____________________
答案：manner→manners
2．The government requested that the villagers protected the river.____________________
答案：protected→protect
3．The old song is familiar with most of the middle-aged.____________________
答案：with→to
4．The injure were taken to the local hospital by the villagers.____________________
答案：injure→injured
5．I will see the guests of at the airport the day after tomorrow.____________________
答案：of→off
完成句子
1．他正在做作业，这时他爸爸进来了。
He was doing his homework ____________________．
答案：when his father came in
2．他刚睡着电话铃就响了。
He had just drifted off to sleep ____________________．
答案：when the phone rang
3．你下次来，请把你的作文带来。
____________________， please bring your composition.
答案：Next time you come
4．最后一次看到他时，他在纽约。
________________________， he was in New York.
答案：The last time I saw him
5．你认为刚才他说什么？
What __________________ he said just now?
答案：do you think
A卷[学生用书P133(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．They broke ____________ loud cheers on hearing the news.
答案：into
2．He opened the letter addressed to his sister out of ____________(curious)．
答案：curiosity
3．It is my belief that good ____________(manner) are very important to everybody.
答案：manners
4．They made a request that the prisoners ____________(set) free.
答案：be set
5．He is quite familiar ____________ the city because he is a native of it.
答案：with
6．She speaks ____________ a whisper so as not to wake him up.
答案：in
7．I was so tired that I dropped ____________ in front of the television.
答案：off
8．He got ____________(injure) through his own carelessness.
答案：injured
9．An agreement was about to be reached ____________ the other side raised new issues.
答案：when
10．When do you fly home? I’ll see you ____________．
答案：off
阅读理解
A
Have you ever wanted to travel back in time? What about traveling into the future? There’s an easy way to do it. One way you can make a time travel journey is by writing a letter to your future self to be opened in the future. To your future self, the letter will be a visit from the past. What can be gained by writing a letter to yourself? It depends on how good your letter is. You have the chance to say something to your future self. What would you want to communicate? You’ll be able to talk to yourself 5，10，15 years down the road. There may be instructions for your future self, or you may have goals that you will want to check up on.
There are a lot of things you could include in your letter or letters to yourself. The more you include, the better the letter will be to you. Here are some ideas to include in your letter：
Your thought and feelings about life, politics, society, etc.
Your feelings for your family.
Your likes and dislikes.
…
Be creative with what you put in your letter. Include a picture of yourself or family to show the period from which the letter came.
You can store your letter in many different ways. You can give your letter to a friend or family member to keep and mail to you. If you can get others to take part, have them write letters to themselves as well and ask someone to be the letter holder until it’s time to send the letters. You can also use a service online to store your letter and e-mail it to you.
【解题导语】 给自己写信，留待未来打开。
1．How can you travel into the future?
A．By traveling back in time.
B．By paying a visit to the future.
C．By opening a letter from the past.
D．By writing a letter to your future self.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One way you can make a time travel journey is by writing a letter to your future self to be opened in the future.可知，通过给未来的自己写一封信来实现时间旅行的愿望。
2．If you want to gain more in the future, what should you do?
A．Have the chance to say something to your future self.
B．Include as many things as possible in your letter.
C．Write more about instructions for your future self.
D．Talk to yourself 5, 10, 15 years down the road.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的There are a lot of things you could include in your letter or letters to yourself. The more you include, the better the letter will be to you.可知，在写信时，要尽可能地多写上一些东西。
3．Why do you put a picture in your letter?
A．To check up on your goals.
B．To share your feelings with your family.
C．To show the time when the letter was written.
D．To find out your thoughts and feelings now.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Include a picture of yourself or family to show the period from which the letter came.可知，放上一张自己的照片是为了显示写信的时间。
4．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Write a Letter to Your Future Self
B．What to Communicate with Your Future Self
C．What to Include in a Letter to Your Future Self
D．How to Mail the Letter to Your Future Self
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：给未来的自己写信来实现时空旅行，下文介绍了写信的注意事项。故选A项。
B
Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.Remember that unlucky accidents with service providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings，and that getting angry will make communication more difficult and cause bad feelings.A taste of humour can make hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you，your fellow travellers and the local friends you’ve made.
Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recording.Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open the door for humour.Write a letter or e-mail to a friend when you find your humour reducing.Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.
Keep a list of funny things that you observe during your first few days in a new culture，and an explanation of what you think these things are all about.Look back on these lists later in the trip；what seemed strange before is probably familiar now，and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves！Imagine writing an entry in a guidebook about a frustrating experience.How would you describe your experience to the later travellers？What travel advice would you offer?
Try to see yourself through the eyes of locals.What might they find strange，funny about what you are doing at this moment？When you find it difficult to overcome cultural differences，taking a new look at yourself can be very funny.Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.
【解题导语】 文化和语言的误解会导致旅游交际中的困难。文章讲述了旅行者如何在旅行的过程中保持幽默，以达到旅行的目的。
5．According to the article，the travellers will often get depressed because of ________．
A．being short of money
B．the different attitudes to the same thing
C．not having enough clothes
D．the unlucky fellow travellers’ trouble
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.”可知，是文化的不同和思维的差异使旅行者不快乐。故该题的正确答案为B项。
6．When you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries，you should ________．
A．tell anything that you find entertaining
B．learn to respect the local customs
C．know how to overcome cultural differences
D．try to tell anything particularly funny
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知要尊重当地人的传统文化。故该题的正确答案为B项。
7．We can infer that ________．
A．the funny things will be always interesting and never change
B．the funny things would always make people happy
C．if the people didn’t experience the things they would find them funny
D．the things seemed strange before are surely becoming the familiar things
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation”可知，没有经历过的人会发现很多事情很有趣。故该题的正确答案为C项。
8．The article is intended for ________．
A．the performers who act in the music hall
B．the actors who often act in the theater
C．the travellers who are experienced
D．the travellers who want to be humorous
D 解析：推理判断题。文章就是给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人而写的。故该题的正确答案为D项。
七选五
If you’re trying to cut back on your snacking(吃零食), take a moment to consider that nearly 94% of Americans snack at least once a day.1.________ But once you take measures to change your habits, you might find it’s not as difficult as you think.
2．________ Meals that have a variety of nutrients(营养物) are more likely to satisfy the desire your body has.It is very important to make sure your meals are balanced so that you ensure you do not have the desire for snacks.Make sure to have quality proteins and fats at lunch, not foods like fast food.These can help carry away your hunger throughout the day.
Be sure to eat breakfast.Breakfasts that are high in protein are observed to increase satiety(饱足) in the morning.3.________ Try to eat at least 35 grams of protein for breakfast, in order to help you feel fuller throughout the day.
Eat high-protein diets to help you feel full longer.Protein takes more time to digest.4.________ Check the labels on your food when comparing items in the grocery store.This will allow you to select foods to carry away hunger.
Make your meals longer.Take your time to chew your food to help digest it.It can also give your body time to let you know that you are full.5.________
A．Eat balanced meals every day.
B．Avoid eating junk food in the evening.
C．This can help your meal last longer in your stomach.
D．They can also help people to feel fuller in the evening.
E．Research shows that people who chew more slowly feel less hungry.
F．Research shows exercising regularly can decrease the chance that you want to snack.
G．It can be difficult to cut back on snacks when snacking is such a common part of a culture.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了如何避免在三餐之间多吃零食的几点建议。
1．G 解析：根据本空前的If you’re trying to cut back on your snacking(吃零食), take a moment to consider that nearly 94% of Americans snack at least once a day.可知，此处承接上文，说的是在这样一种背景下少吃零食是很困难的。
2．A 解析：根据本段内容，特别是It is very important to make sure your meals are balanced so that you ensure you do not have the desire for snacks.可知，本段讲每天要吃均衡的膳食。
3．D 解析：根据本空前的Breakfasts that are high in protein are observed to increase satiety(饱足) in the morning.可知，此处讲的还是吃早餐的好处，吃好早餐能增强人的饱腹感。即使到了晚上，也会有一定的饱腹感。
4．C 解析：根据本空前的Protein takes more time to digest.可知，蛋白质不容易消化，这样会让食物在胃里持续更长时间。
5．E 解析：根据本空前的Take your time to chew your food to help digest it.可知，此处举例说明细嚼慢咽可以减少饥饿感。
B卷[学生用书P135(单独成册)]
阅读理解
I am a taxi driver.One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a__well-dressed__man dashing down the steps.He was waving at me.I waited until he jumped into the cab.“LaGuardia Airport, please，” he said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger.“What do you do？” “I’m in the neurology department(神经内科) at this hospital.” For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
“Could I ask a favor of you？” He didn’t answer.“I have a son, 16.He’s doing well in school.He wants a job this summer.Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job？” After a pause, he said, “The medical students have a research project.Maybe he could fit in.Have him send me his school records.” He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, I pulled the card from my pocket.“Robbie，” I announced proudly, “this could be a summer job for you.Send him your school record.” He read it out loud, “Fred Plum, New York Hospital.” “Is this a joke？” he said in disbelief.After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, my son handed me a letter from Plum.He was to phone Plum’s secretary for an interview.
Robbie got the job.The white coat he wore made him feel more important than he really was.As high school graduation neared, Plum was kind enough to write letters of recommendation for universities.To our delight, Robbie was admitted to New York Medical College.
It never occurred to me that a stranger should transform my son’s future.
【解题导语】 作者是出租车司机。有一次他问一位乘客能不能帮儿子介绍一份工作。这个乘客非常热心并且乐于助人，真的帮助作者的儿子找到了一份工作。
1．Who does the underlined phrase “a well-dressed man” in the first paragraph refer to?
A．The author. B．Plum.
C．Robbie. D．Patient.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I spied a__well-dressed__man dashing down the steps.和He read it out loud, “Fred Plum, New York Hospital.”可知，这个穿着很好的人就是Plum。
2．The author threatened to cut off Robbie’s allowance probably because ________．
A．he was tired after a day’s work
B．he didn’t earn enough money
C．Robbie was unwilling to work
D．Robbie doubted what he said
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“Is this a joke？” he said in disbelief.After I yelled and threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.可知，是因为作者的儿子对这个事情不是很相信。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that Plum is ________．
A．patient and selfless
B．generous and respectful
C．kind and helpful
D．wealthy and handsome
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的介绍可知，Plum后来给作者的儿子安排了面试，作者的儿子真的找到了一个工作。说明他是个善良的并且乐于助人的人。
4．What message does the passage convey?
A．A stranger may change your life.
B．One must be friendly to strangers.
C．A father should be responsible for his son.
D．Doctors may have great influence on people.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据全文的故事和文章最后一段It never occurred to me that a stranger should transform my son’s future.可知，一个陌生人改变了作者的儿子的命运。故选A项。
完形填空
As I entered womanhood, mom told me that no matter what happened and no matter what I did, I could always come home. Because of what those words meant to me, I said the same thing to my __1__．
My childhood was filled with __2__—a lot of kisses，lots of hugs, and lots of spoken “I love you”. Because of what those meant to me, I __3__ my sons the same things.
My mom came from a __4__ family and had a difficult childhood，yet she never __5__ about how unlucky she was. __6__ my mom, I saw love’s ability to forgive.
I saw my sweet mom love my Grandpa, __7__ he had abandoned her and my Grandma and failed to __8__ for their needs; I never saw mom treat Grandpa any way but lovingly, even though he was far from __9__. I learned how love behaves and forgives.
I watched my mom __10__ my 100-year-old grandma who，in her blindness，deafness and feebleness(虚弱)，needed almost __11__ care. When I was in her home, I heard what I’ve heard all my life, “I love you, mom.” They would __12__ this to each other at least five times a __13__—when mom got Grandma up，made her comfortable in bed，or prepared her __14__. And I would hear love’s __15__ when Grandma said, “And I love you too.”
Love forgives and __16__， not focusing on what has happened. __17__， love’s focus is on what needs to be done and on doing it the __18__ we can.
My mom taught me to love；she told me to __19__ it on to my children, and she __20__ forgiveness herself.
【解题导语】 作者在本文中介绍了自己母亲的经历和遭遇，表达了对母亲的仁慈和宽容等品质的赞美之情。
1．A.friends B．children
C．settlers D．neighbors
B 解析：由上文中母亲对作者做的事情的介绍和文中的the same thing 可知，作者对自己的孩子也是这样做的。
2．A.happiness B．entertainment
C．confusion D．attraction
A 解析： 由下文的a lot of kisses，lots of hugs, and lots of spoken “I love you”可知，此处填happiness。
3．A.paid B．ordered
C．gave D．bought
C 解析：因为母亲对我做的对我来说意义重大，所以我给了儿子们同样的东西。
4．A.famous B．broken
C．fortunate D．peaceful
B 解析：母亲来自一个破碎的家庭。由下文的______ he had abandoned her and my Grandma and failed to______ for their needs；可知答案。
5．A.regretted B．argued
C．complained D．wondered
C 解析：但是她从来不抱怨她是多么倒霉。complain抱怨。
6．A.In B．Like
C．With D．Before
A 解析：在我妈妈身上，我看到了爱的能力是宽恕。
7．A.if B．because
C．so D．although
D 解析： “我看到我甜美的妈妈爱我的外公，虽然他抛弃了她和外婆。”是转折关系，用although。
8．A.offer B．provide
C．support D．react
B 解析：承接上文，外公抛弃了妈妈和外婆，没有提供她们需要的东西。provide提供。
9．A.modest B．ordinary
C．kind D．smart
C 解析：甚至外公一点也不善良。far from...远不是……
10．A.pick up B．bring out
C．look after D．turn to
C 解析：我看到妈妈照看100岁的外婆……由下文的介绍可知答案。
11．A.little B．total
C．early D．major
B 解析：外婆需要全方位的照料。total整个的。
12．A.whisper B．amuse
C．greet D．encourage
A 解析： 她们常常小声对彼此说…… whisper耳语。
13．A.day B．month
C．year D．second
A 解析：一天至少五次。
14．A.gesture B．dormitory
C．mess D．meal
D 解析：此处列举了妈妈为外婆做的一切：准备她的饭。
15．A.question B．response
C．solution D．measure
B 解析：我常常听到外婆对爱的回答……response回答。由下文的And I love you too.可知答案。
16．A.walks on B．falls behind
C．moves on D．runs away
C 解析：爱宽恕着，继续着……move on 继续前进。
17．A.However B．Instead
C．Also D．Therefore
B 解析：爱不是集中于已经发生的事情，相反，是集中于需要做的事情和需要我们做的最好的事情上。instead相反。
18．A.quickest B．least
C．longest D．best
D 解析：参考上一题解析。best最好的。
19．A.pass B．look
C．put D．write
A 解析：她告诉我把爱传给孩子。由上一句可知答案。
20．A.defended B．expected
C．showed D．supported
C 解析：她自己表现出的是宽恕。show显示。
语法填空
My wife and I had lunch out today. The waitress 1.____________ served us had a good attitude. The restaurant wasn’t very busy. She went out of her way 2.____________(make) us laugh and smile. To be honest, she was very 3.____________ (friend). I borrowed a pen from her and wrote a little note to her about how great her attitude was and thanked her for 4.____________ (make) our lunch so fun.
Then we left her a note and 5.____________ Smile Card. Because the restaurant was inside of another place, we were able 6.____________ (watch) her from outside the window when she found the note and the card.Her reaction was 7.____________(impress)! She 8.____________ (pick) up the note, read it and the Smile Card and then pumped her fist in the air a few times.It was excellent! We then saw her go over and show the note to the restaurant manager. We couldn’t hear 9.____________ they said, but we could see the smiles from a long 10.____________(distant) away. It was great and my wife was happy that we could watch the reaction.
1．who 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰The waitress，且在从句中作主语。
2．to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰her way。
3．friendly 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。
4．making 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词for后接动名词作宾语。
5．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，“一张微笑卡”。
6．to watch 解析：考查非谓语动词。be able to do sth.能够做某事。
7．impressive 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。impressive adj.令人印象深刻的。
8．picked 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。
9．what 解析：考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语。
10．distance 解析：考查词性转换。冠词后接名词。distance n．距离。
Section Ⅳ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corner
1．attach vt. 喜欢，依恋；系，固定
2．vast adj. 巨大的，广阔的
3．export vt. 出口，输出
4．fond adj. 喜爱
5．outdoors adv. 在户外，在野外
6．contrary adj. 相反的
7．forgive vt. 宽恕，饶恕
8．preview n. 预告；预展，预演
9．spot n. 地点；点；斑点
10．belong vi.适应；属于→belongings n．财产
11．broad adj. 各种各样的；广阔的→broadly adv.广阔地
12．bear vt. 携带；容忍→bearable adj.可容忍的→unbearable adj.难以忍受的
13．minority n. 少数；少数民族→minor adj. 少数的
14．unfair adj. 不公平的→fair adj. 公平的
15．addition n. 相加，增加物→add v．增加
1．be__attached__to 喜爱；依附于
2．be__fond__of 喜欢
3．be__proud__of 为……自豪
4．belong__to 属于
5．be__associated__with 与……有联系
6．bring__an__end__to 使……结束
7．as__for 至于
1．That’s why...句型
That’s__why(那就是……的原因) surfing is such a popular sport.
2．the way＋定语从句
I can’t bear the__way__the__native__Australians__have__been__treated(人们对待澳洲土著人的方式)．
3．while表示对比
They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions while__the__rest__of__us__are__quite__well-off(而我们这些人却很富足)．
4．It is said that...据说……
It__is__said__that(据说) there are more than 200 different kinds!
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What is the great thing about Australian culture?
A．It’s full of many famous paintings.
B．It’s a mix of different cultures.
C．It has a single culture in Australia.
D．It’s a dull place for people wanting culture.
2．Where do kangaroos mainly live?
A．In the vast area of desert in the middle of Australia.
B．In the north area of Australia.
C．On the southern coast of Australia.
D．Everywhere in Australia.
3．________makes surfing a popular sport in Australia.
A．Australians liking being outdoors
B．The fine weather in Australia
C．Most Australians living on the coast
D．Many visitors visiting Australia every year
4．What outdoor sports are Australians fond of?
A．Walking and tennis.
B．Horse-riding and sailing.
C．Golf and fishing.
D．All of the above.
答案：1－4.BACD
Is it all kangaroos and surfing?
Host: Welcome to “Countries of the World”. Today we’re talking about Australia, the land of sunshine and surfing①.George and Fiona are two Australians who have joined us for today’s show②.So first of all, tell us a bit about yourselves.
George: Hi. Well, I live on an acre③ of land outside Melbourne but my family actually came here from Greece in the 1980s④—in fact, Melbourne is the city with the largest number of Greek people outside Athens! At first, we didn’t feel we belong⑤ here, but now we are attached⑥to the land we live on.
Host: Thanks, George. Now here’s Fiona from Sydney.
Fiona：Hello. Australia is my birthplace⑦ but my mum came from Scotland and my dad came from France. That’s the great thing about Australian culture—it’s such a mix of different cultures. The early settlers were mostly⑧.English and Irish, but since 1945, the population has become more and more mixed with⑨ people from Southern Europe and Asia.
①此部分是作同位语，补充说明Australia。
②who引导定语从句，修饰two Australians。
③acre ['e?k?] n．英亩
④in the 1980s在20世纪80年代
⑤belong [b?'l??] vi.适应；属于
belong to...属于……
⑥attach [?'t?t?] vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定
be attached to...喜欢……
⑦birthplace ['b??θple?s] n．出生地
⑧mostly adv.大部分，主要
⑨be mixed with...与……混合那儿只有袋鼠和冲浪吗？
主持人：欢迎来到“世界国家”。今天我们将谈一谈阳光和冲浪之地——澳大利亚。乔治和菲奥纳是参加我们今天节目的两位澳大利亚人。首先请介绍一下你们自己。
乔治：大家好。我住在墨尔本外的一片土地上，但是我家人实际上是20世纪80年代从希腊来到这里的——事实上墨尔本是雅典以外拥有雅典人最多的城市。起初，我们并不认为自己属于这里，但是现在我们已与赖以生存的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。
主持人：谢谢乔治。这位是来自悉尼的菲奥纳。
菲奥纳：大家好。澳大利亚是我的出生地，但是我妈妈来自苏格兰，爸爸来自法国。这就是澳大利亚文化的伟大之处——它是一种不同文化的混合体。早期的移民大多是英国人和爱尔兰人，但是从1945年以来，越来越多的南欧人和亚洲人移居此地。
Host: Wow! How do these different cultures affect⑩ different aspects of Australian culture?
Fiona：Well, for example, we see all these influences in modern Australian cooking. Chefs? call it “fusion food”—a brilliant mixture of delicious Southern European food mixed with Southeast Asian food?. The desserts are the best—they’re so yummy!
Host: Sounds tasty!
George：And kangaroos are tasty too! In Melbourne, the only place we ever see kangaroos? is on the menu in a restaurant. You mainly? see kangaroos in the vast? area of desert in the middle of Australia. This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes and spiders—Australia has some of the most dangerous in the world.
Host：So do many people live in the desert?
George：Not really?.There are people who work in the mines, of course. Australia actually exports? the most diamonds and coal in the world! And there are also a lot of sheep farms in the desert areas—in fact, I’ve heard that there are seven sheep for every person. But most Australians live on the coast. That’s why surfing is such a popular sport?.
⑩affect vt.影响；effect n．影响
?chef [?ef] n．厨师长，主厨
?此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰food。
?此处是省略了关系副词的定语从句，修饰place。
?mainly adv.主要地
?vast ['vɑ?st] adj.巨大的，广阔的
?not really不完全是这样。
?export ['eksp??t] vt. 出口，输出
?此处why引导表语从句。That’s why...那就是……的原因。
主持人：哦！这些不同的文化是怎样影响澳大利亚的？
菲奥纳：比如，我们可以在现代澳大利亚烹饪上看出所有这些影响。厨师们把它叫做混合食物——南欧美食和东南亚食物的绝妙混合。甜食是最好的——味道好极了！
主持人：听起来很好吃！
乔治：袋鼠也很好吃！在墨尔本我们唯一能看到袋鼠的地方是餐馆的菜单上。你主要是在澳大利亚中部广阔的沙漠看到袋鼠。这是一个露营的好地方，但是你得注意蛇和蜘蛛——澳大利亚拥有世界上最危险的蛇和蜘蛛。
主持人：那么有很多人住在沙漠吗？
乔治：不，当然有些人在矿场上工作。澳大利亚是世界上出口钻石和煤炭最多的国家！沙漠地区还有许多绵羊牧场——事实上我听说每个人拥有7只羊。但是大部分澳大利亚人住在沿海地区。这就是冲浪之所以成为一项如此普及的体育运动的原因。
Fiona: But it’s not the only sport Australians are fond? of. Because the weather’s so good, Australians like being outdoors?.Walking, fishing, horse-riding, tennis, golf and sailing are all popular. We take sport very seriously? and have produced great Olympic swimmers and top cyclists.
Host: So is Australia all about beach barbecues and surfing？? What about art and literature??
George: Contrary? to popular belief, Australia is not a dull place at all for people wanting culture. There’s a really lively? cultural scene here. Australia has produced some famous painters and world-class writers.
Fiona: And in Sydney, you’ll find a broad?choice of opera, drama, classical concerts, rock concerts—there’s too much choice really！Of course, things are more limited? if you live in a small town.
Host: Now, is there anything you don’t like about Australia?？
?fond [f?d] adj.喜爱；be fond of...喜爱……
?outdoors [?a?t'd??z] adv.在户外，在野外indoors adv.在室内
take...seriously 重视……
so＋倒装句，表示：……也是这样。
literature ['l?t?r?t??] n．文学
contrary ['k?ntr?ri] adj.相反的contrary to...与……相反
lively adj.生动活泼的
broad [br??d] adj.各种各样的；广阔的
limited adj.有限的
此处是省略关系代词的定语从句。
菲奥纳：但是它不是澳大利亚人唯一喜爱的运动。由于天气好，澳大利亚人都喜爱户外运动。远足、钓鱼、骑马、网球、高尔夫球和航海都是很普及的运动。我们很看重体育运动，国家培养了顶尖的奥林匹克游泳选手和最优秀的自行车运动员。
主持人：澳大利亚不会只是沙滩烧烤和冲浪吧？艺术和文学方面如何？
乔治：同普遍认识相反，对在文化方面有需求的人来说，澳大利亚不是一个枯燥的地方。它拥有活跃的文化氛围。澳大利亚培育了一些著名的画家和世界级的作家。
菲奥纳：在悉尼，你可以看歌剧、话剧、古典音乐会、摇滚音乐会——选择真是太多了！当然，如果你住在小镇上，选择是有限的。
主持人：现在，你们有什么不喜欢澳大利亚的吗？
Fiona: I can’t bear? the way the native Australians have been treated? .They are now a minority? group and most of them live in terrible conditions while? the rest of us are quite well-off I think that’s unfair?.The government is trying to improve things, but it seems a bit late. I wonder if they’ll ever forgive? the way they’ve been treated.
George: I agree with?.Fiona.The only other thing I’d complain?is the roads outside the cities. Most of them are in pretty poor condition?.
Host: Well, you’ve given me a great preview? of Australia. Now I need to see it myself!
Fiona: Of course! There are loads of great places to see in Australia. You have to visit the Great Barrier Reef—it’s just amazing!
George: And the most interesting place of all is Ayers Rock—the huge red rock in the desert that changes colour at dusk?.
Host: Are all Australians as proud of? their country as? you are?
Fiona and George: They are！
bear [be?] vt.携带；容忍
此部分是省略了关系词that/in which的定语从句。
minority [ma?'n?r?ti] n．少数；少数民族majority n．大多数
while在此处意为：而……表示对比。
unfair [??n'fe?] adj.不公平的fair adj.公平的
forgive [f?'ɡ?v] vt.宽恕，饶恕
agree with同意……
此部分是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰thing。
in poor condition状态不好
preview ['pri?vju?] n．预告；预展，预演
dusk [d?sk] n．黄昏，薄暮at dusk 黄昏时分
be proud of 为……自豪
as...as...和……一样……
菲奥纳：我不能容忍人们对待澳洲土著人的方式。他们现在是少数民族，大部分住在恶劣的环境中，而我们这些人却很富足。我觉得这不公平。政府在努力改善这种情况，但是似乎太晚了。我不知道土著人是否能原谅人们对待他们的方式。
乔治：我同意菲奥纳所说的。我唯一抱怨的另一件事是城市以外的公路。大部分公路状况较差。
主持人：你们给我讲了很多有关澳大利亚的情况。现在我需要自己亲自去看一看。
菲奥纳：当然了！澳大利亚有很多特棒的地方值得一看。你得去看大堡礁——它太令人称奇了！
乔治：最有趣的地方是艾尔斯石——就是沙漠中那块黄昏时改变颜色的红色巨石。
主持人：所有澳大利亚人都像你们一样对自己的国家感到自豪吗？
菲奥纳和乔治：那当然！
belong vi.适应；属于
(教材P42)At first，we didn’t feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the land we live on.
起初，我们并不认为自己属于这里， 但是现在我们已与赖以生存的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。
(1)belong to sb. 属于某人，归某人所有
belong to sth. 是(俱乐部、组织等的)成员，是(某族类或纲目的)一部分
(2)a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 动产；财物；携带的物品
personal belongings 私人物品
①You shouldn’t take what doesn’t belong to you.
你不该拿不属于你的东西。
②They belonged to a younger generation.
他们属于更年轻的一代。
③Many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging (belong)．
很多学生会拼命找到一种归属感。
④Remember to take all your personal belongings(belong) when you leave the plane.
记住下飞机时带上你所有的个人物品。
belong不能用进行时，也没有含被动意味的过去分词，无被动语态。
⑤Who does the new car there belong__to?
那里的新车属于谁？
attach vt.附，贴，系，固定；喜欢，依恋
(教材P42)At first，we didn’t feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the land we live on.
起初，我们并不认为自己属于这里，但是现在我们已与赖以生存的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。
(1)attach sth.to sth. 把……附在……上，把……固定到……上
attach importance/significance to
认为……重要/有意义
(2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于
be attached to 附属于；依恋
①So I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.
所以我别无选择，只能麻烦你纠正我在信中附带的材料中的错误。
②On returning home, she found a note attached(attach) to the door, reading “Call in later.”
一回到家，她就发现门口贴着一个纸条，写着“稍后来访”。
③My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education.
我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。
④The boy is now studying in the middle school attached(attach) to Peking University.
那个男孩正在北京大学附属中学就读。
contrary adj.相反的 n．相反；反而
(教材P42)Contrary to popular belief，Australia is not a dull place at all for people wanting culture.
同普遍认识相反，对在文化方面有需求的人来说，澳大利亚不是一个枯燥的地方。
(1)be contrary to... 与……相反
(2)to the contrary 相反(作定语)
on the contrary 相反(作独立成分)
①The introduction of such a tax would be contrary to our policy.
开征这一税种与我们的政策背道而驰。
②He produced no evidence to the contrary.
他没有拿出相反的证据。
③You didn’t bother me.On the contrary，I like your company.
你没有打扰我，相反地，我喜欢有你做伴。
④Contrary__to popular belief, the animals do not often attack humans.
和人们通常的想法相反，动物并不经常攻击人类。
bear(bore，borne) vt.携带；容忍，承受；生育
n．熊
(教材P42)I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.
我不能容忍人们对待澳洲土著人的方式。
(1)bear doing/to do 忍受/容忍做某事
bear with 忍耐，忍受
bear in mind 记住
(2)stand doing sth. 容忍干某事
put up with sth. 容忍；忍受
tolerate doing sth. 容忍干某事
①The bad weather there is hard to bear.
那里恶劣的气候是很难忍受的。
②She had__borne(bear) two children when she was 25 years old.
到25岁时，她已生了两个孩子。
③She can’t bear seeing/to__see(see) food thrown away.
看见食物被扔掉，她受不了。
④If you bear with me for a few more minutes, we’ll have all the work finished.
如果你能耐心再等几分钟，我们会把全部工作完成的。
⑤When you speak to him, bear__in__mind that he likes telling lies.
你和他谈话时要记住，他喜欢说谎。
bear的过去分词有两种形式(born/borne)，当作“出生”和表示“天生的、生来就……”时要用born；当表示“忍耐、承担”或“(妇女)生育”时用borne。
forgive vt.宽恕，饶恕
(教材P42)I wonder if they’ll ever forgive the way they’ve been treated.
我不知道土著人是否能原谅人们对待他们的方式。
(1)forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 饶恕/原谅某人(做)
某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
(2)forgiving adj. 宽恕的
(3)forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕
①They forgave him his mistakes.
他们宽恕了他的过失。
②I forgave him for what he said yesterday.
我原谅了他昨天说的话。
③Please forgive my telling(tell) the truth directly.
请原谅我的直白。
④Her mother has a forgiving(forgive) nature.
她的母亲有着宽容的性格。
⑤When she realized what she had done, she begged his forgiveness(forgive)．
当她意识到自己做的事情时，她请求他的宽恕。
spot n．斑点；地点；点；缺点；场所 vt.发现；认出
(教材P43)Ayers Rock is a famous sightseeing spot in Australia.
艾尔斯巨石是澳大利亚一个著名的观光旅游景点。
on the spot 在场；立即；当场
be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点
spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事
①My teacher spotted several spelling mistakes in my composition yesterday.
昨天我的老师发现了我作文中的几处拼写错误。
②When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught on the spot.
当那个人试图闯入银行时，他被警察当场抓获了。
③The police spotted a thief stealing(steal) things in a mall at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候，警察看见一个小偷正在店里偷东西。
④The police arrived at the spot where the accident happened in time.
警察及时赶到出事地点。
addition n．相加，增加物
(经典例句)The addition of networking facilities will greatly enhance the system.
增加网络设备将会大大增强系统的性能。
(1)in addition 另外
in addition to... 除了……还有……
(2)additional adj. 附加的；额外的
(3)additionally adv. 另外；此外
①The latest addition to her business empire is a chain of clothes shops.
最近她的商业帝国又增加了连锁服装店。
②It is too expensive. In addition, I don’t like the colour.
太贵了。另外，我不喜欢这个颜色。
③In addition to the twins, Jack has another child by his first wife.
除了这对双胞胎，杰克还有一个与第一任妻子生的孩子。
④The new factory will create an additional(addition) 400 jobs. 这个新厂将创造400个额外的工作机会。
⑤Members receive six magazines a year.Additionally (addition), they have the use of a hotline.
会员每年收到6本杂志，另外，他们还可以使用服务热线。
bring an end to... 使结束
(教材P46)The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the traditional Aboriginal way of life.
白人的到来逐渐结束了土著人传统的生活方式。
at an end 结束
come to an end 结束
put an end to... 使……结束
at the end of... 在……末尾
make ends meet 收支相抵
by the end of... 到……为止
①Their quarrel brought an end to the meeting that day.
那天，他们的争吵使会议结束了。
②When our day’s work was at an end, we hastened there.
当天工作一结束，我们就急忙赶到那里。
③Since Mike lost his job, we can hardly make__ends__meet．
自从麦克失业后，我们简直难以维持生计。
④They had__learned(learn) 3，000 words by the end of last month.
到上个月月底为止，他们已经学习了3 000个单词。
as for 至于；关于
(教材P47)As for food, he must definitely try Beijing Roast Duck as this is thought to be one of the most delicious dishes in the world！ 至于食物，他一定要尝一下北京烤鸭，因为北京烤鸭被认为是世界上最好吃的东西之一！
as to 至于
as if 好像
as is 按原样
as it is 实际情况是
①As for the children, they were happy enough to spend all day on the beach.
至于孩子们，他们很高兴整天待在沙滩上。
②There is some doubt as to whether the news is true.
关于消息是否是真的，存在一些怀疑。
③He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
④We have agreed to take the house as is(be)．
我们同意将房子按原样买下。
⑤As__it__is,__he is only halfway through it.
实际情况是，他只完成了一半。
(教材P42) I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.
我不能容忍人们对待澳洲土著人的方式。
(1)本句中的the native Australians have been treated是定语从句，修饰先行词the way；the way在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的关系词用that, in which或者省略先行词；the way在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则用that或which引导；若作宾语则可省略先行词。
(2)the way后的定语还可以用of doing/to do sth.表示。
①The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.
这位熊猫妈妈就像人类那样用前爪帮助它的婴儿。
②This is the way that/in__which I worked out the problem.
这就是我解出这道题的方法。
③The man is trying to find a way which is suitable.
这个人正在尽量找出一个合适的方法。
④The best way to learn English is to read a lot.
学习英语的最好的办法是多阅读。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)The way in that they treat the child makes me angry.去掉in或者that→which
(2)He won’t like the way which you solve the problem.which前加in
(3)In his opinion, he has found a way in which is very practical.去掉in
(教材P42) They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions while the rest of us are quite well-off. 他们现在是少数民族，大部分住在恶劣的环境中，而我们这些人却很富足。
(1)while为并列连词，连接两个并列句，意为：……而……，表示对比。
(2)while用作连词时，引导状语从句，可译为：当……时候；在……期间；虽然。
①He works in a big company while his brother works as a farmer.
他在一个大公司里工作，而他弟弟是个农民。
②I like reading while my sister likes dancing.
我喜欢阅读，而我姐姐喜欢舞蹈。
③While/When I was working in the country, I often walked there.
我在农村工作时，经常步行去那里。
④I often help her with her study while I don’t like her.
虽然不喜欢她，但我还是经常帮助她学习。
(教材P47)It is said that there are more than 200 different kinds!
据说有200 多个不同的种类！
(1)本句中的it is said that...句型是含有that从句的一种复合句，主语为形式主语it, 表示“据说……；人们说……”。使用该句型时，that从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种时态。
(2)It＋be＋done＋that...可改写为另外两种句式：
①主语＋be＋done＋to do
②People＋动词＋that...
(3)用于这种句式的动词还有report, predict, suggest, believe等。
①It is said that seven people were killed in the accident.
听说在这次事故中有七人遇难。
②It is said that her daughter has gone abroad for study.
据说，她的女儿已经出国深造了。
③It is predicted that the price of houses will go up again.
人们预测，房价又要上涨了。
④It is believed that smoking harms our health.
人们相信，吸烟有害健康。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
People say that the famous star has got married.
→(1)It__is__said__that the famous star has got married.
→(2)The famous star is__said__to__have__got__married．
[学生用书P70]
品句填词
1．He couldn’t ____________(忍受) that his friends always laugh at him in public.
答案：bear
2．You must keep to the rules even if you think they’re ____________(不公平)．
答案：unfair
3．He is a workaholic，who works from dawn till ____________(黄昏) seven days a week.
答案：dusk
4．The new novel of the writer brought to him the Nobel Prize in ____________(文学)．
答案：literature
5．The company plans to ____________(出口) its products to southeastern countries.
答案：export
6．The children were playing ____________(在户外) when it started to rain.
答案：outdoors
7．Can you ever ____________(原谅) me for forgetting your birthday?
答案：forgive
8．We had thought it must be terrible；on the ____________(相反)，everything went smoothly.
答案：contrary
9．A dirty ____________(斑点) is easy to see on a white dress.
答案：spot
10．Only a small ____________(少数) of students is interested in politics these days.
答案：minority
单句改错
1．The coat belonged to Mary looks so beautiful.____________________
答案：belonged→belonging
2．This is a small library attaching to a local village.____________________
答案：attaching→attached
3．He isn’t mean. To the contrary, he is very generous.____________________
答案：To→On
4．The leader decided to bring an end for the meeting.____________________
答案：for→to
5．As of your homework, you can finish it tomorrow.____________________
答案：of→for
完成句子
1．他们对待顾客的方式让我感觉满意。
The way______________________________ makes me satisfied.
答案：that/in which they treat customers
2．他们很富有，而他们的父母却过着贫穷的生活。
They are very rich __________________________．
答案：while their parents are leading a poor life
3．据说，这个男孩很擅长绘画。
________________the boy is very good at drawing.
答案：It is said that
4．解决这个问题的一个方法是和他谈谈。
______________________ is to have a talk with him.
答案：One way to solve the problem
5．虽然有时他很淘气，我还是很喜欢他。
I like him very much ____________________ sometimes.
答案：while he is a little naughty
课文语篇改错
A mix of different cultures is the great thing about Australian culture. Its early settlers were most English and Irish，but since 1945，the population become more and more mixed with people from Southern Europe and Asia.Kangaroos are taste. In Melbourne，the only place we ever see kangaroos is on the menu in a restaurant. You mainly see kangaroos in the area of desert at the middle of Australia. This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes and spiders—Australia has some of a most dangerous snakes and spiders in the world. I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.They are now a minority group and most of whom live in terrible condition.The government is trying to improve things，and it seems a bit of late. I wonder that they’ll ever forgive the way they have been treated.
答案：
A mix of different cultures is the great thing about Australian culture. Its early settlers were English and Irish，but since 1945，the population become more and more mixed with people from Southern Europe and Asia.Kangaroos are . In Melbourne，the only place we ever see kangaroos is on the menu in a restaurant. You mainly see kangaroos in the area of desert the middle of Australia. This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes and spiders—Australia has some of most dangerous snakes and spiders in the world. I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.They are now a minority group and most of live in terrible .The government is trying to improve things， it seems a bit late. I wonder they’ll ever forgive the way they have been treated.
A卷[学生用书P137(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．That is ____________ we decide to cancel the discussion.
答案：why
2．He is ____________ good a student that he’s always willing to help others.
答案：so
3．The chairman in this country is reported to ____________ (murder) the day before yesterday.
答案：have been murdered
4．The research unit is ____________(attach) to the university.
答案：attached
5．I was ____________(bear) in a small city near Guangzhou.
答案：born
6．Look out ____________ opportunities to share useful information.
答案：for
7．My sister’s taste in dresses is contrary ____________ mine.
答案：to
8．I understand you have a lot on your mind.I forgive you ____________ being late.
答案：for
9．The night sky is spotted ____________ twinkling stars.
答案：with
10．About eighty percent of the population in China ____________ (be) farmers.
答案：are
阅读理解
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space. The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot days. The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels(板). However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into radiation.
Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University. He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand. The panels act like a mirror. They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun. And he says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space. “It’s a structure that cools itself without electricity input, even under the sun. So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesn’t get heated up by the sun. Mr. Fan says it is like having a window into space. The heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.”
He says buildings in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels. “In areas where electricity is out of reach for many people, there is a potential benefit for storing medicine or even food. In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important. And this would provide a way to do it.”
The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels. They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray(喷涂) that could be used on present solid structures. They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years. They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.
【解题导语】 斯坦福大学的研究者开发了一种新型的材料，它可以将建筑物的热量转移到太空中。文章介绍了这一新材料的工作原理、发展前景及目前存在的问题。
1．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．living on hot days is no longer a big problem now
B．a new material is created to cool the buildings
C．researchers are developing new solar panels on roofs
D．the new material is a very thin sheet with many layers
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space.”可知，第一段主要介绍了一种能降低建筑物温度的新材料。故选B。
2．How does the panel work?
A．It takes in the heat and cools it down.
B．It uses a mirror to reflect the sunlight.
C．It sends heat away right into space.
D．It has a window to let out the heat.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段对新型制冷材料的介绍及第二段最后一句话“The heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.”可知，新型的材料直接将热量发送到太空中。故选C。
3．The new material is especially useful in areas that________________________________.
A．suffer high temperature
B．have poor air conditioning
C．have plenty of food
D．are short of power
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第一、二句可知，对于那些电力缺乏地区的人们，这种新材料更有利用价值。power“动力，电力”。故选D。
4．What can you infer from the passage?
A．The appliance of the new panel is still under research.
B．Some people got benefits from producing the panels.
C．People may have problems in using the new material.
D．The new panels may save 15 percent of the energy.
A 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels.”及“They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years.”可推知，这种新型的板材还在研究阶段。故选A。
完形填空
Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic. I must __1__ that trains are not important means of transportation in the U．S., but I do have some __2__ with them.
When I was a child, growing up in a small town with very little __3__，we used to go to the station to watch the passenger trains coming in. There was something __4__ about the steaming，roaring string of trains coming into view around the mountains，slowly growing larger and __5__ and finally __6__ crowds of strangers onto the platform.
I took my __7__ train trip when I was ten years old.I went with my elder sister to visit our cousins six hundred miles away. The train—so loud and violent on the outside—was __8__ and rocking inside. We were very excited, and as that was also our first time away from our parents, we felt somewhat frightened too. However，because I had __9__ so much，I was a little disappointed when I was finally one of the passengers I had __10__ for so long.
As a college student, I __11__ ride an overnight train to my roommate’s hometown. We could never afford a __12__， so we played cards，sang，ate，read and talked __13__ we finally fell uncomfortably asleep in the straight-backed seats.
My idea that trains are __14__ may come from the fact that my husband and I took the train on our honeymoon，spending extra money to eat in the dining car，and __15__ the window as the desert scenery slid past.
Now，when I make a trip，I always fly or drive，and __16__are not a very important part of my life. __17__，every time I hear the train whistle faraway on a quiet night，I can always feel the __18__ in my heart to pack my bags and jump on board，entering a __19__ world of motions，sounds，sights，and experience which just aren’t __20__ in the dull environment of an airplane.
【解题导语】 本文作者通过讲述自己的经历，向我们介绍了火车带来的刺激和浪漫。
1．A.admit B．believe
C．predict D．ensure
A 解析：“我”必须得承认火车不是美国重要的交通工具。故选A。admit“承认”；believe“相信”；predict“预测”；ensure“确保”。
2．A.trouble B．fun
C．photos D．experience
D 解析：根据下文内容可知，此处表示：但是“我”确实有坐火车的经历。故选D。trouble“麻烦，困难”；fun“乐趣”；photo“照片”；experience“经历”。
3．A.education B．entertainment
C．work D．money
B 解析：我们那个小镇没什么娱乐活动，我们常常以看火车为乐。故选B。education“教育”；entertainment“娱乐活动”；work“工作”；money“钱”。
4．A.boring B．satisfying
C．exciting D．terrifying
C 解析：根据第一段中的“Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic.”可知，选C “exciting”。
5．A.smaller B．louder
C．noisier D．faster
B 解析：先听到火车的汽笛声，然后看到火车进入视野，随着距离变近，火车逐渐变大，汽笛声变得更响(louder)。故选B。
6．A.spilling B．throwing
C．removing D．shooting
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示人群涌向站台。故选A。spill“(人群)涌出”；throw“投，掷”；remove“移走”；shoot“射击”。
7．A.only B．first
C．second D．last
B 解析：根据下文的“our first time”可知，这是“我”第一次(first)坐火车。故选B。
8．A.gentle B．small
C．big D．rough
A 解析：此处表示外面声音那么大，而火车里面却那么温和平静(gentle)。故选A。
9．A.experienced B．knew
C．thought D．expected
D 解析：因为“我”期望(expected)太多，所以最后有点儿失望。故选D。
10．A.waited B．appreciated
C．watched D．trusted
C 解析：然而，当“我”最终成为那么长时间以来“我”一直关注(watched)的乘客中的一员时，“我”有点儿失望因为“我”期望太多。故选C。
11．A.used to B．ought to
C．could D．must
A 解析：大学时，“我”常常乘火车去“我”室友的家乡。used to表示“过去常常”。故选A。
12．A.ticket B．seat
C．meal D．sleeper
D 解析：根据后面的“in the straight-backed seats(在硬座上)”可知，本处指“我们买不起卧铺(sleeper)”。故选D。
13．A.until B．since
C．before D．after
A 解析：根据语境可知，我们一直打牌、唱歌、吃东西、看书、交谈直到(until)我们在硬座上睡着。故选A。
14．A.exciting B．romantic
C．beautiful D．comfortable
B 解析：本段主要讲“我”的蜜月旅行，结合第一段中的“Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic.”可知，此处指火车浪漫的一面。故选B。
15．A.leaning against B．standing by
C．looking out of D．sitting beside
C 解析：根据后面的“the window as the desert scenery slid past”可知，本处指的是“向窗外看”。故选C。look out of...“向……的外面看”。
16．A.trains B．cars
C．planes D．boats
A 解析：根据文章主题可知，此处表示现在“我”经常乘飞机或开车旅行，火车(trains)不再是“我”生活中重要的一部分。故选A。
17．A.Still B．Therefore
C．Indeed D．Instead
A 解析：然而(Still)，每次在一个安静的夜晚听见火车的声音“我”还是能感觉到内心的冲动。故选A。
18．A.possibility B．preference
C．impulse D．impatience
C 解析：参见上题解析。possibility“可能性”；preference“偏爱”；impulse“冲动”；impatience“不耐烦”。故选C。
19．A.common B．gentle
C．quiet D．unique
D 解析：“我”仍然有冲动，想进入那个独一无二的(unique)世界。故选D。
20．A.mentioned B．matched
C．discussed D．allowed
B 解析：坐火车的体验是乘飞机那种枯燥无味的环境所无法媲美的。故选B。match“与……相匹敌”。
B卷[学生用书P139(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
“Have a nice day！” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day！” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next！” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.
Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了“Have a nice day”这句话在生活中的广泛应用。
1．How does the author understand Maxie’s word?
A．Maxie really wishes the author a good day.
B．Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.
C．Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.
D．Maxie really worries about the author’s security.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day！” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.可知，当作者的朋友说这句话时，是真的希望作者过得快乐。
2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The salesgirl is rude.
B．The salesgirl is bored.
C．The salesgirl cares about me.
D．The salesgirl says the words as a routine.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据下文的Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.可知，售货员女孩说这些话只是出于工作需要，是工作的惯例。
3．By saying “Have a nice day.” a stranger may________．
A．express respect to you
B．give his blessing to you
C．try to be friendly to you
D．share his pleasure with you
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.可知，一个陌生人对你说这句话，你会感到温暖。故选C项。
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Have a Nice Day—a Meaningless Expression
B．Have a Nice Day—a Heart-warming Greeting
C．Have a Nice Day—a Social Custom
D．Have a Nice Day—a Polite Ending of a Conversation
C 解析：标题归纳题。文章开头说了作者的朋友对自己说这句话意味着什么。后来说到超市的售货员说这句话的目的；再到其他人说这句话会起到的作用，所以本文的主题是C项。
B
One day when I was 5, my mother blamed me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. When angrily opening the screen door with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.
Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have scolded my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking(打屁股) for it. They never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a breach(裂缝) in the defense against unwanted insects.
For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would constantly remind me of my mistake. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing(嗡嗡) in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.
【解题导语】 作者因为发火而把门踢坏了，父母没有修理门。所以作者一看到被踢坏的门就感到自责，后悔。正是这种沉默的惩罚让作者变得更优秀了。
5．When the author damaged the door, his parents ________．
A．scolded him for what he had done
B．gave him a spanking
C．told him how expensive it was
D．left the door unrepaired
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a breach(裂缝) in the defense against unwanted insects.可知，当作者把门踢坏时，父母并没有修理门。
6．How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?
A．He felt it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.
B．He found that his family members no longer liked him.
C．He felt it a shame not to control his anger at that time.
D．He felt he had to work hard to make up for the damage.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would constantly remind me of my mistake.可知，好几年了，每次作者看到这个屏的角，都会想起自己的错误，为自己当时脾气的失控感到羞愧。
7．The experience may cause the author ________．
A．to have a better control of himself
B．not to go against his parents’ will
C．to hide his anger away from others
D．not to make mistakes in the future
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.可知，这件事使作者成为了一个更耐心的人，不随意发脾气了。
8．What is the main idea of this text?
A．Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.
B．Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.
C．What is the best way to become a more patient person.
D．Parents are the best teachers of their children.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据作者对事情过程的介绍，特别是文章后面的Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me.可知，沉默的惩罚可能对人有着更好的教育作用。
语法填空
Henry dreamed of becoming a writer.In order to realize his dream, he read many books and often practiced 1.____________ (write)．He wrote his first story 2.____________ he was ten.After his parents read 3.____________ , they told him that he really had a gift for writing.Henry 4.____________ (encourage) a lot after hearing that.He wrote many stories in the 5.____________ (follow) years.People around him all told him that he 6.____________ (become) a writer one day.However, it was not easy.
Henry finished his first novel 7.____________ the age of 20.However, no publishers(出版商)were interested in it.Henry was 8.____________ (great) discouraged(使……泄气)．He felt sad and doubted his ability.But it didn’t last long.Several days later, he picked up his mind and decided 9.__________ (keep) writing.
It was a story he read that encouraged him.It was about a father and a son who wanted to build a bridge.Nobody at that time considered it possible.Although the father and the son did have great 10.____________ (difficult) in building the bridge, they finally made it.
Henry finally kept on writing.He knew there was hope as long as he didn’t give up.
【解题导语】 Henry想成为一名作家。虽然经历了很多困难，但一个故事最终鼓舞了他。
1．writing 解析：考查非谓语动词。practice doing sth.意为“练习做……”。
2．when 解析：考查连词。这里是指他十岁的时候写了第一个故事，故用when表示“当……时”。
3．it 解析：考查代词。这里是指当Henry的父母读了他写的故事，故用it指代前面提到的his first story。
4．was encouraged 解析：考查动词语态。Henry与encourage是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故需用过去时态的被动语态。
5．following 解析：考查形容词。in the following years意为“在接下来的那些年里”。
6．would become 解析：考查动词时态。人们说话的时候，Henry尚未成为作家，所以用过去将来时态。
7．at 解析：考查介词。at the age of 20意为“在二十岁的时候”。
8．greatly 解析：考查副词。此处需用副词修饰动词discourage，故填greatly。
9．to keep 解析：考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.意为“决定做……”。
10．difficulty 解析：考查名词。have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做……有困难”。
短文改错
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
答案：
The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and years in my life. At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by . However, my parents didn’t seem to think . They always me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be from them. I showed them I was independent by strange clothes. Now I am leaving home college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
课件71张PPT。Unit 12 Culture Shockattachvastexportfondoutdoorscontraryforgivepreviewspotbelong broadbearminority unfairadditionbe attached tobe fond of be proud ofbelong tobe associated withbring an end toas forThat’s whythe way the native Australians have been treatedwhile the rest of us are quite well-offIt is said thattobelonging belongingsbelong to?attachedattachedtotoOnContrary tohad borneseeing/to seewithbear in mindfortellingforgivingforgivenessonstealingwhereIntoadditionalAdditionallyatmake ends meethad learnedtoifisAs it isthat/in whichwhich去掉in或者that→whichwhich前加in去掉inwhileWhile/WhenwhilethatIt It is said thatis said to have got married本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
[学生用书P70]
品句填词
1．He couldn’t ____________(忍受) that his friends always laugh at him in public.
答案：bear
2．You must keep to the rules even if you think they’re ____________(不公平)．
答案：unfair
3．He is a workaholic，who works from dawn till ____________(黄昏) seven days a week.
答案：dusk
4．The new novel of the writer brought to him the Nobel Prize in ____________(文学)．
答案：literature
5．The company plans to ____________(出口) its products to southeastern countries.
答案：export
6．The children were playing ____________(在户外) when it started to rain.
答案：outdoors
7．Can you ever ____________(原谅) me for forgetting your birthday?
答案：forgive
8．We had thought it must be terrible；on the ____________(相反)，everything went smoothly.
答案：contrary
9．A dirty ____________(斑点) is easy to see on a white dress.
答案：spot
10．Only a small ____________(少数) of students is interested in politics these days.
答案：minority
单句改错
1．The coat belonged to Mary looks so beautiful.____________________
答案：belonged→belonging
2．This is a small library attaching to a local village.____________________
答案：attaching→attached
3．He isn’t mean. To the contrary, he is very generous.____________________
答案：To→On
4．The leader decided to bring an end for the meeting.____________________
答案：for→to
5．As of your homework, you can finish it tomorrow.____________________
答案：of→for
完成句子
1．他们对待顾客的方式让我感觉满意。
The way______________________________ makes me satisfied.
答案：that/in which they treat customers
2．他们很富有，而他们的父母却过着贫穷的生活。
They are very rich __________________________．
答案：while their parents are leading a poor life
3．据说，这个男孩很擅长绘画。
________________the boy is very good at drawing.
答案：It is said that
4．解决这个问题的一个方法是和他谈谈。
______________________ is to have a talk with him.
答案：One way to solve the problem
5．虽然有时他很淘气，我还是很喜欢他。
I like him very much ____________________ sometimes.
答案：while he is a little naughty
课文语篇改错
A mix of different cultures is the great thing about Australian culture. Its early settlers were most English and Irish，but since 1945，the population become more and more mixed with people from Southern Europe and Asia.Kangaroos are taste. In Melbourne，the only place we ever see kangaroos is on the menu in a restaurant. You mainly see kangaroos in the area of desert at the middle of Australia. This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes and spiders—Australia has some of a most dangerous snakes and spiders in the world. I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.They are now a minority group and most of whom live in terrible condition.The government is trying to improve things，and it seems a bit of late. I wonder that they’ll ever forgive the way they have been treated.
答案：
A mix of different cultures is the great thing about Australian culture. Its early settlers were English and Irish，but since 1945，the population become more and more mixed with people from Southern Europe and Asia.Kangaroos are . In Melbourne，the only place we ever see kangaroos is on the menu in a restaurant. You mainly see kangaroos in the area of desert the middle of Australia. This is a great place for camping but you have to look out for snakes and spiders—Australia has some of most dangerous snakes and spiders in the world. I can’t bear the way the native Australians have been treated.They are now a minority group and most of live in terrible .The government is trying to improve things， it seems a bit late. I wonder they’ll ever forgive the way they have been treated.
A卷[学生用书P137(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．That is ____________ we decide to cancel the discussion.
答案：why
2．He is ____________ good a student that he’s always willing to help others.
答案：so
3．The chairman in this country is reported to ____________ (murder) the day before yesterday.
答案：have been murdered
4．The research unit is ____________(attach) to the university.
答案：attached
5．I was ____________(bear) in a small city near Guangzhou.
答案：born
6．Look out ____________ opportunities to share useful information.
答案：for
7．My sister’s taste in dresses is contrary ____________ mine.
答案：to
8．I understand you have a lot on your mind.I forgive you ____________ being late.
答案：for
9．The night sky is spotted ____________ twinkling stars.
答案：with
10．About eighty percent of the population in China ____________ (be) farmers.
答案：are
阅读理解
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space. The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot days. The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels(板). However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into radiation.
Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University. He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand. The panels act like a mirror. They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun. And he says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space. “It’s a structure that cools itself without electricity input, even under the sun. So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesn’t get heated up by the sun. Mr. Fan says it is like having a window into space. The heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.”
He says buildings in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels. “In areas where electricity is out of reach for many people, there is a potential benefit for storing medicine or even food. In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important. And this would provide a way to do it.”
The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels. They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray(喷涂) that could be used on present solid structures. They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years. They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.
【解题导语】 斯坦福大学的研究者开发了一种新型的材料，它可以将建筑物的热量转移到太空中。文章介绍了这一新材料的工作原理、发展前景及目前存在的问题。
1．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．living on hot days is no longer a big problem now
B．a new material is created to cool the buildings
C．researchers are developing new solar panels on roofs
D．the new material is a very thin sheet with many layers
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space.”可知，第一段主要介绍了一种能降低建筑物温度的新材料。故选B。
2．How does the panel work?
A．It takes in the heat and cools it down.
B．It uses a mirror to reflect the sunlight.
C．It sends heat away right into space.
D．It has a window to let out the heat.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段对新型制冷材料的介绍及第二段最后一句话“The heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.”可知，新型的材料直接将热量发送到太空中。故选C。
3．The new material is especially useful in areas that________________________________.
A．suffer high temperature
B．have poor air conditioning
C．have plenty of food
D．are short of power
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第一、二句可知，对于那些电力缺乏地区的人们，这种新材料更有利用价值。power“动力，电力”。故选D。
4．What can you infer from the passage?
A．The appliance of the new panel is still under research.
B．Some people got benefits from producing the panels.
C．People may have problems in using the new material.
D．The new panels may save 15 percent of the energy.
A 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels.”及“They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years.”可推知，这种新型的板材还在研究阶段。故选A。
完形填空
Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic. I must __1__ that trains are not important means of transportation in the U．S., but I do have some __2__ with them.
When I was a child, growing up in a small town with very little __3__，we used to go to the station to watch the passenger trains coming in. There was something __4__ about the steaming，roaring string of trains coming into view around the mountains，slowly growing larger and __5__ and finally __6__ crowds of strangers onto the platform.
I took my __7__ train trip when I was ten years old.I went with my elder sister to visit our cousins six hundred miles away. The train—so loud and violent on the outside—was __8__ and rocking inside. We were very excited, and as that was also our first time away from our parents, we felt somewhat frightened too. However，because I had __9__ so much，I was a little disappointed when I was finally one of the passengers I had __10__ for so long.
As a college student, I __11__ ride an overnight train to my roommate’s hometown. We could never afford a __12__， so we played cards，sang，ate，read and talked __13__ we finally fell uncomfortably asleep in the straight-backed seats.
My idea that trains are __14__ may come from the fact that my husband and I took the train on our honeymoon，spending extra money to eat in the dining car，and __15__ the window as the desert scenery slid past.
Now，when I make a trip，I always fly or drive，and __16__are not a very important part of my life. __17__，every time I hear the train whistle faraway on a quiet night，I can always feel the __18__ in my heart to pack my bags and jump on board，entering a __19__ world of motions，sounds，sights，and experience which just aren’t __20__ in the dull environment of an airplane.
【解题导语】 本文作者通过讲述自己的经历，向我们介绍了火车带来的刺激和浪漫。
1．A.admit B．believe
C．predict D．ensure
A 解析：“我”必须得承认火车不是美国重要的交通工具。故选A。admit“承认”；believe“相信”；predict“预测”；ensure“确保”。
2．A.trouble B．fun
C．photos D．experience
D 解析：根据下文内容可知，此处表示：但是“我”确实有坐火车的经历。故选D。trouble“麻烦，困难”；fun“乐趣”；photo“照片”；experience“经历”。
3．A.education B．entertainment
C．work D．money
B 解析：我们那个小镇没什么娱乐活动，我们常常以看火车为乐。故选B。education“教育”；entertainment“娱乐活动”；work“工作”；money“钱”。
4．A.boring B．satisfying
C．exciting D．terrifying
C 解析：根据第一段中的“Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic.”可知，选C “exciting”。
5．A.smaller B．louder
C．noisier D．faster
B 解析：先听到火车的汽笛声，然后看到火车进入视野，随着距离变近，火车逐渐变大，汽笛声变得更响(louder)。故选B。
6．A.spilling B．throwing
C．removing D．shooting
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示人群涌向站台。故选A。spill“(人群)涌出”；throw“投，掷”；remove“移走”；shoot“射击”。
7．A.only B．first
C．second D．last
B 解析：根据下文的“our first time”可知，这是“我”第一次(first)坐火车。故选B。
8．A.gentle B．small
C．big D．rough
A 解析：此处表示外面声音那么大，而火车里面却那么温和平静(gentle)。故选A。
9．A.experienced B．knew
C．thought D．expected
D 解析：因为“我”期望(expected)太多，所以最后有点儿失望。故选D。
10．A.waited B．appreciated
C．watched D．trusted
C 解析：然而，当“我”最终成为那么长时间以来“我”一直关注(watched)的乘客中的一员时，“我”有点儿失望因为“我”期望太多。故选C。
11．A.used to B．ought to
C．could D．must
A 解析：大学时，“我”常常乘火车去“我”室友的家乡。used to表示“过去常常”。故选A。
12．A.ticket B．seat
C．meal D．sleeper
D 解析：根据后面的“in the straight-backed seats(在硬座上)”可知，本处指“我们买不起卧铺(sleeper)”。故选D。
13．A.until B．since
C．before D．after
A 解析：根据语境可知，我们一直打牌、唱歌、吃东西、看书、交谈直到(until)我们在硬座上睡着。故选A。
14．A.exciting B．romantic
C．beautiful D．comfortable
B 解析：本段主要讲“我”的蜜月旅行，结合第一段中的“Personally I think trains are exciting and romantic.”可知，此处指火车浪漫的一面。故选B。
15．A.leaning against B．standing by
C．looking out of D．sitting beside
C 解析：根据后面的“the window as the desert scenery slid past”可知，本处指的是“向窗外看”。故选C。look out of...“向……的外面看”。
16．A.trains B．cars
C．planes D．boats
A 解析：根据文章主题可知，此处表示现在“我”经常乘飞机或开车旅行，火车(trains)不再是“我”生活中重要的一部分。故选A。
17．A.Still B．Therefore
C．Indeed D．Instead
A 解析：然而(Still)，每次在一个安静的夜晚听见火车的声音“我”还是能感觉到内心的冲动。故选A。
18．A.possibility B．preference
C．impulse D．impatience
C 解析：参见上题解析。possibility“可能性”；preference“偏爱”；impulse“冲动”；impatience“不耐烦”。故选C。
19．A.common B．gentle
C．quiet D．unique
D 解析：“我”仍然有冲动，想进入那个独一无二的(unique)世界。故选D。
20．A.mentioned B．matched
C．discussed D．allowed
B 解析：坐火车的体验是乘飞机那种枯燥无味的环境所无法媲美的。故选B。match“与……相匹敌”。
B卷[学生用书P139(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
“Have a nice day！” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day！” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next！” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.
Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了“Have a nice day”这句话在生活中的广泛应用。
1．How does the author understand Maxie’s word?
A．Maxie really wishes the author a good day.
B．Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.
C．Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.
D．Maxie really worries about the author’s security.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day！” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.可知，当作者的朋友说这句话时，是真的希望作者过得快乐。
2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The salesgirl is rude.
B．The salesgirl is bored.
C．The salesgirl cares about me.
D．The salesgirl says the words as a routine.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据下文的Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.可知，售货员女孩说这些话只是出于工作需要，是工作的惯例。
3．By saying “Have a nice day.” a stranger may________．
A．express respect to you
B．give his blessing to you
C．try to be friendly to you
D．share his pleasure with you
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.可知，一个陌生人对你说这句话，你会感到温暖。故选C项。
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Have a Nice Day—a Meaningless Expression
B．Have a Nice Day—a Heart-warming Greeting
C．Have a Nice Day—a Social Custom
D．Have a Nice Day—a Polite Ending of a Conversation
C 解析：标题归纳题。文章开头说了作者的朋友对自己说这句话意味着什么。后来说到超市的售货员说这句话的目的；再到其他人说这句话会起到的作用，所以本文的主题是C项。
B
One day when I was 5, my mother blamed me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. When angrily opening the screen door with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.
Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have scolded my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking(打屁股) for it. They never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a breach(裂缝) in the defense against unwanted insects.
For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would constantly remind me of my mistake. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing(嗡嗡) in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.
【解题导语】 作者因为发火而把门踢坏了，父母没有修理门。所以作者一看到被踢坏的门就感到自责，后悔。正是这种沉默的惩罚让作者变得更优秀了。
5．When the author damaged the door, his parents ________．
A．scolded him for what he had done
B．gave him a spanking
C．told him how expensive it was
D．left the door unrepaired
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a breach(裂缝) in the defense against unwanted insects.可知，当作者把门踢坏时，父母并没有修理门。
6．How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?
A．He felt it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.
B．He found that his family members no longer liked him.
C．He felt it a shame not to control his anger at that time.
D．He felt he had to work hard to make up for the damage.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would constantly remind me of my mistake.可知，好几年了，每次作者看到这个屏的角，都会想起自己的错误，为自己当时脾气的失控感到羞愧。
7．The experience may cause the author ________．
A．to have a better control of himself
B．not to go against his parents’ will
C．to hide his anger away from others
D．not to make mistakes in the future
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.可知，这件事使作者成为了一个更耐心的人，不随意发脾气了。
8．What is the main idea of this text?
A．Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.
B．Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.
C．What is the best way to become a more patient person.
D．Parents are the best teachers of their children.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据作者对事情过程的介绍，特别是文章后面的Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me.可知，沉默的惩罚可能对人有着更好的教育作用。
语法填空
Henry dreamed of becoming a writer.In order to realize his dream, he read many books and often practiced 1.____________ (write)．He wrote his first story 2.____________ he was ten.After his parents read 3.____________ , they told him that he really had a gift for writing.Henry 4.____________ (encourage) a lot after hearing that.He wrote many stories in the 5.____________ (follow) years.People around him all told him that he 6.____________ (become) a writer one day.However, it was not easy.
Henry finished his first novel 7.____________ the age of 20.However, no publishers(出版商)were interested in it.Henry was 8.____________ (great) discouraged(使……泄气)．He felt sad and doubted his ability.But it didn’t last long.Several days later, he picked up his mind and decided 9.__________ (keep) writing.
It was a story he read that encouraged him.It was about a father and a son who wanted to build a bridge.Nobody at that time considered it possible.Although the father and the son did have great 10.____________ (difficult) in building the bridge, they finally made it.
Henry finally kept on writing.He knew there was hope as long as he didn’t give up.
【解题导语】 Henry想成为一名作家。虽然经历了很多困难，但一个故事最终鼓舞了他。
1．writing 解析：考查非谓语动词。practice doing sth.意为“练习做……”。
2．when 解析：考查连词。这里是指他十岁的时候写了第一个故事，故用when表示“当……时”。
3．it 解析：考查代词。这里是指当Henry的父母读了他写的故事，故用it指代前面提到的his first story。
4．was encouraged 解析：考查动词语态。Henry与encourage是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故需用过去时态的被动语态。
5．following 解析：考查形容词。in the following years意为“在接下来的那些年里”。
6．would become 解析：考查动词时态。人们说话的时候，Henry尚未成为作家，所以用过去将来时态。
7．at 解析：考查介词。at the age of 20意为“在二十岁的时候”。
8．greatly 解析：考查副词。此处需用副词修饰动词discourage，故填greatly。
9．to keep 解析：考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.意为“决定做……”。
10．difficulty 解析：考查名词。have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做……有困难”。
短文改错
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
答案：
The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and years in my life. At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by . However, my parents didn’t seem to think . They always me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be from them. I showed them I was independent by strange clothes. Now I am leaving home college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
不定式和动名词作宾语的用法&现在分词
单句语法填空
1．No matter how hard it is , I will manage ____________(finish) the task.
答案：to finish
2．____________ (live ) in this city for a long time , he has known it well.
答案：Having lived
3．When I entered the room , I found him ____________(read) a new novel.
答案：reading
4．The foreigners ____________ (stand) there are some of my classmates.
答案：standing
5. ____________ (expose) to the sun is bad for your skin.
答案：Being exposed
不定式和动名词作宾语的用法
用动名词还是不定式作宾语，主要分为以下六种情况：
1．只可使用动名词作宾语的动词有enjoy，miss，practise，suggest，consider，appreciate，avoid，mind，imagine，finish，admit，deny，delay，risk等。只跟动名词的短语有feel like，stick to，devote to，pay attention to，be busy，can’t help，it is no use，be used to(习惯于)，look forward to，can’t stand等。
Do you try to avoid making her annoyed?
你是竭力不惹她生气吗？
He admitted taking my money.
他承认拿走了我的钱。
He is used to walking to his office every day.
他已经习惯了每天走着去上班。
2．只可使用不定式作宾语的动词有：
agree(同意)；offer(提出)；intend/plan(打算，计划)；demand/ask(要求)；promise(答应)；help(帮忙)；prepare(准备)；decide(决定)；refuse(拒绝)；choose(选择)；wish/hope/want/expect(希望，想要)；fail(不能)；pretend(假装)；manage(设法)；determine(决心)；beg(恳求，祈求)；arrange(安排，准备)；claim(声称)；aim(以……为目标)；hesitate(犹豫不决)；threaten(威胁)等动词后通常只接不定式作宾语。
They managed to finish the work on time.
他们设法按时完成了工作。
He failed to paste the poster on the wall.
他没能把海报贴到墙上。
口诀巧记仅接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)：
同意提出作计划，要求答应来帮忙。
准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。
不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚。
恳求安排买得起，声称目标不犹豫。
3．既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语的动词有start，begin，continue，like，love，hate等，意思基本没有区别。love，like和hate接动名词表示长久的、规律性的好恶，接不定式表示一时的、个别性的好恶。
They began throwing/to throw furniture out of the window. 他们开始把家具扔到窗子外面去。
Do you like playing/to play chess?
你喜欢下棋吗？
4．以下动词既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语，但意思有区别。
动词
接动名词作宾语
接不定式作宾语
remember
记得过去发生的事情
记得将来要做的事情
try
试着去做、尝试改变
努力去做某事
regret
对做过的事表示后悔
对要做的事表示遗憾
mean
意味着……
企图(打算)做某事
go on
继续做未完成的事情
做完一件事后，接着做另一件
forget
忘记以前曾做过某事
忘记将要去做某事
stop
中断正在做的事情
中断正在做的事，去做别的事
can’t help
禁不住做某事
不能帮着做某事
I’ll remember to post your letter.
我会记着把你的信寄走的。
I don’t remember saying this to him before.
我不记得以前跟他说过这件事。
I forgot to tell him to come.
我忘记叫他来了。
I’ll never forget seeing him for the first time.
我永远忘不了和他初次见面的情景。
5．allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后面可接动名词作宾语，但有名词或代词作宾语时，则接不定式作宾语补足语。allow(advise，forbid，permit，encourage)doing sth./sb.to do sth.。
He advised going home earlier. 他建议早点回家。
He advised us to go home earlier.
他建议我们早点回家。
6．动词need，require，want表示主语需要(被做某种处理)时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
The room needs/wants/requires
这个房间需要打扫了。
The place is worth visiting.
The place is worthy
这个地方值得参观一下。
现在分词
一、现在分词的构成形式
形式
主动
被动
用法
意义
一般式
doing
being done
指分词的动作和句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生
表示主动或进行，或既表主动又表进行
完成式
having done
having been
done
指分词的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前
The question being discussed is of great importance.
正在被讨论的问题非常重要。
Having been given such a good chance，how could she let it slip away?
既然得到了这么好的机会，她怎么能让它溜走呢？
Not having been cleaned for years，the windows looked very dirty.
由于多年没有擦过，窗户看上去很脏。
现在分词的否定式是在v.-ing前面加not：not doing；not being done；not having done；not having been done。
二、现在分词的句法功能
1．现在分词作状语
现在分词或现在分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的现在分词短语有时可由连词while或when引导。
Hearing the news，they got excited.(时间)
听到这个消息，他们很激动。
Having been bitten by a snake，she was frightened at it.(原因)
因为曾被蛇咬过，所以她很怕蛇。
The cup dropped to the ground，breaking into pieces.(结果)
杯子掉到地上，摔成了碎片。
形式
意义
v.-ing (doing)
与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且分词表示的动作与句中谓语动词同时发生或基本上同时发生
having＋v.-ed(having done)
与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，并且分词表示的动作先于谓语动词表示的动作而发生
having been＋v.-ed (having been done)
与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且分词表示的动作先于谓语动词表示的动作而发生
Taking(＝If you take)the path that leads out of the town，you will come to a dense wood.(条件)
如果你沿着通向郊外的路前进，就会走到一片密林处。
Having failed(＝Although he had failed)many times，he didn’t lose heart.(让步)
虽然屡次失败，但他没有灰心丧气。
I stood by the door，not daring to say a word.(伴随)
我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。
2．现在分词作定语
现在分词作定语表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。
the girl standing over there(＝the girl who is standing over there)
那边站着的那个女孩(现在分词作定语)
a sleeping boy(＝a boy who is sleeping)
在睡觉的男孩(现在分词作定语)
现在分词作定语的差异：现在分词在句中作定语时，不仅存在前置与后置的区别，而且存在状态与时间上的差异。
(1)状态差异
一般说来，前置的现在分词静感强，而后置的现在分词动感强。能前置的现在分词大都是已被形容词化了的现在分词。常见的有exciting，interesting，surprising，puzzling，frightening，amusing等。
The students running along the street are from No.3 Middle School.
沿着街跑步的学生来自于第三中学。
He brought us surprising news.
他给我们带来了惊人的消息。
(2)时间差异
①有些现在分词作定语时表示正在进行的动作，这些分词改为定语从句时宜用进行时态。
Tell the boys playing over there not to make any noise.
＝Tell the boys who are playing over there not to make any noise.
告诉那些在那儿玩的男孩别制造噪声。
②有些现在分词作定语时，则表示经常性的动作或现在或当时的状态。此类现在分词改为定语从句时宜用一般现在时态，而不用进行时态，这一点可以从汉语上体现出来。
The temple standing on the top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.
＝The temple which stands on the top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.
山顶上的那座寺庙建于明朝。
3．现在分词作表语
作表语的现在分词往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的某种性质。
The match was so exciting that all the boys cheered both teams at the top of their voice. 比赛激动人心，所有的男孩子都扯着嗓门为双方队员欢呼加油。
The teacher’s words were greatly inspiring whenever I met with difficulties.
不论我什么时候遇到困难，老师的话都极具感召力。
4．现在分词作宾语补足语
在感官动词(see，hear，watch，feel，notice，observe，keep，find，listen to，look at等)和使役动词(have，get，leave，set等)的宾语后面经常使用现在分词作宾语补足语。宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。
I saw him playing basketball just now.
我刚刚还看见他在打篮球呢。
Don’t have the students studying all day.
不要让学生整天学习。
leave后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave保留了原来之意“留下”，但表达的确切之意应是“使……处于某种状态”。
leave
He left，leaving me doing all the rest work.
他走了，留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。
We hurriedly ended our meeting，leaving many problems unsettled.
我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题未解决。
It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running.
你让机器一直开着是不对的。
三、现在分词的独立结构
现在分词可有其独立的逻辑主语，这个主语常常是名词或代词，置于现在分词之前，两者构成分词的独立结构。现在分词的独立结构常作状语，置于句首或句末，偶尔也置于句中。
The bell ringing，the children all stopped talking.
铃声一响，孩子们都不说话了。
The river having risen in the night，the crossing was impossible. 夜里河水上涨，渡河是不可能了。
Weather permitting，we’ll have an outing tomorrow.
要是天气许可的话，我们明天就去郊游。
Li Ming came in，his hand carrying a book.
李明手里拿着本书进来了。
单句语法填空
1． I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do ____________(work) with students.
答案：working
2． The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____________(make)air conditioning unnecessary.
答案：making
3． ____________(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks.
答案：Wondering
4． Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ____________(turn)the old town into a dreamland.
答案：turning
5． ___________(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
答案：Having worked
6． At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he ____________(become) the first black president of the United States of America.
答案：was to become
7． When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground，____________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.
答案：wondering
8． The park was full of people, ____________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
答案：enjoying
9．Remember ____________(put) back the newspaper when you have finished reading it.
答案：to put
10．A student will be punished if he or she is caught ____________(cheat) in the exam.
答案：cheating
单句改错
1．There is an old temple dated from 2000 BC on the top of the mountain.____________________
答案：dated→dating
2．European football is played in 80 countries，made it the most popular sport in the world.____________________
答案：made→making
3．Having washed the clothes，she begins to do some cooking.____________________
答案：begins→began
4．The girl interviewed now is the manager’s daughter.____________________
答案：girl后加being
5．The old house is broken and it needs mended now.____________________
答案：mended→mending
语法与写作
1．他好像是在尽量避免再见到我。
It seems that he is trying to __________________．
答案：avoid meeting me again
2．完成了全部工作，他高兴地回家了。
__________________________， he went home happily.
答案：Having finished all the work
3．他醒来时，发现一些人围着他。
When he woke up, he found ___________________________________________.
答案：some people surrounding him
4．看！公园里有很多人在欣赏景色。
Look ！There are many people __________________in the park.
答案：enjoying the scene
5．试了很多次，最后他还是没能实现目标。
Having tried many times, he ______________________ in the end.
答案：failed to reach his goal
如何写建议信
文体感知
建议信属于应用文，是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，一般让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。下面我们简单介绍一下建议信的格式和写法。
一、信件的基本格式
1．信头： 写信人的姓名和地址要写在右上角，收信人的姓名和地址要写在左上角。
2．称呼：即对收信人的称呼，一般用Dear/My dear...
3．正文：即信件的主要内容。
4．信尾客套语：写信人在信的右/左下角，写上表示自己对收信人的礼貌客气的谦称，一般有Sincerely yours, Yours truly, Yours等。
5．信尾签名：在信末写上写信人的姓名，如：Li Hua。
二、建议信的特点
1．简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。
2．明确写作意图，简要陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。写作技巧：先肯定对方的优点，然后再就需要改进的地方或者针对具体情况提出善意的建议。
3．总结建议。对自己提出的所有建议，简要地作个小结。
常用句式
I’m writing to express my idea concerning...
I’m writing to ask you to consider...
I think it would do great good if you could...
I would like you to consider the following suggestions.
I hope you will take my advice into account.
Thank you for reading my letter.
I’m looking forward to...
写作要求
假设你叫李华，得知你校要建设娱乐休闲中心，正在征求同学们的意见，请你根据以下要点给校长写一封100词左右的建议信。信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
1．娱乐休闲中心应该包括乒乓球室和羽毛球室。
2．最好在学生的课余时间开放。
3．尽量不要收费。
4．……
Dear Mr. President,
It’s come to my attention that our school is going to build a new leisure centre. I’m writing to ask you to consider the following suggestions._______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
应用文
话题
提建议
时态
一般现在时态和一般将来时态
人称
第一人称为主
词句推敲
1．词汇
①新的休闲中心________________
②下列建议________________
③很有好处________________
④在某人空余时间________________
⑤充分利用________________
答案：①a new leisure centre ②the following suggestions
③do great good ④in one’s spare time ⑤make good/full use of
2．句式
①首先，我建议，应该有乒乓球室和羽毛球室。
一般表达：First, I’d like to suggest that there should be a table-tennis room and a badminton room.
高级表达：(用as well as改写)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
②其次，可以在我们的课余时间开放吗？如果可以，我们将有足够的时间来充分利用。
一般表达：Second, could the centre open in our spare time? If it could open in our spare time, we will have enough time to make full use of it.
高级表达：(用if so改写)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
③我们都知道，不是每个学生都付得起额外的费用。
一般表达：We all know that not every student can afford that extra expense.
高级表达：(用as引导的定语从句改写)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①First, I’d like to suggest that there should be a table tennis room as well as a badminton room.
②Second, could the centre open in our spare time? If so, we will have enough time to make full use of it.
③As we all know, not every student can afford that extra expense.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear__Mr.__President，
It’s come to my attention that our school is going to build a new leisure centre. I’m writing to ask you to consider the following suggestions.
First, I’d like to suggest that there should be a table-tennis room as well as a badminton room. I think it would do great good to those students who are interested in playing table tennis or badminton.
Second, could the centre open in our spare time? If so, we will have enough time to make full use of it. Third, we will be more than happy if the centre is free. As we all know, not every student can afford that extra expense.
Thank you for reading my letter. I hope you will consider my suggestions. If the centre is built, it will greatly enhance students’ life here on campus.
Yours__sincerely，
Li__Hua
A卷[学生用书P141(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．This winter the weather of the south is quite ____________(disappoint)．
答案：disappointing
2．The car ____________(repair) in the garage was made in Germany thirty years ago.
答案：being repaired
3．Mary was often heard ____________(sing) in the next room.
答案：singing
4．Not ____________(know) her address, I can’t visit her personally.
答案：knowing
5．____________(see) the film before, I’ll stay at home to do some reading.
答案：Having seen
6．The building ____________(face) east is our biology laboratory.
答案：facing
7．Their homework ____________(finish), the boys went out to play football.
答案：(having been) finished
8．With the teachers ____________(help) them，the students are getting along very well with their lessons.
答案：helping
9．The old lady was seated on the bench in the park, her pet dog ____________(run) around her happily.
答案：running
10．She went back home, and dropped herself on the couch，____________(feel) depressed about her failure in business.
答案：feeling
阅读理解
A
When you leave school, you can breathe sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp.
An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.”But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the U．S. that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MTT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn!
Learning is a habit. Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you.
Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow.Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain!
Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it!
Make a “to learn”list. Compose a “to learn”list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it.
Teach others. Whatever you learn, leach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了终身学习的重要性以及如何训练这种习惯。
1．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Make Learning Last a Lifetime
B．What You Should Do After Leaving School
C．Several Tips on Learning
D．A New Trend in Learning
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段提出主题：Learning should last a lifetime.下文就其重要性以及如何去做进行了说明。故选A项。
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．You don’t need to consider what you have learnt after graduation.
B．Leaving learning behind is what you should do after a break.
C．You can relax as you have escaped from the hard life of studying.
D．You should have a good rest and then go on learning.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，句子When you leave school, you can breathe__sigh__of__relief__and__leave__learning__behind,__right？的意思是：你毕业时，你可能会如释重负地叹口气，把学习抛之脑后了，对吗？故本题答案为C项。
3．From the passage we learn that ________．
A．we should read as fast as possible to gain more knowledge
B．we should use the knowledge we have gained from books
C．we can gain every kind of knowledge through books
D．the main purpose of gaining knowledge is to teach others
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据文中的As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it！可知，我们应该使用从书上学到的知识。
B
Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils(恐龙化石) because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck(陷入) all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.
Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups.“That’s pretty much settled at this point.”says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.
As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.
There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered.Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.
【解题导语】 研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些关于恐龙的信息。但对于同一个化石却有不同的研究结果。在研究恐龙是否能照看好幼崽方面， 科学家们研究了恐龙的近亲——鸟类和鳄鱼， 但没有完全解答这些问题。
4．Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by________．
A．studying dinosaur fossils
B．examining modern animals
C．watching dinosaurs
D．using telescopes
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils(恐龙化石)”可知研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些信息， 故A项正确。
5．What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno?
A．Half of the dinosaurs lived alone.
B．Most dinosaurs moved long distances.
C．Many dinosaurs settled in the north.
D．Some dinosaurs lived in big groups.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups”可知Paul Sereno说科学家们都认为至少某些种类的恐龙群居， 故D项正确。
6．Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by________.
A．watching many kinds of animals
B．studying dinosaurs’ living relatives
C．following the tracks left behind
D．working on dug-out dinosaur eggs
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models”可知科学家们通过研究现存的恐龙的近亲——鸟类和鳄鱼来判断恐龙是否能照看好他们的幼崽。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph?
A．Birds hardly pay attention to their young.
B．Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well.
C．Some dinosaurs took care of their young.
D．Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中可知鸟类很好地照顾幼鸟， 而鳄鱼只是帮助幼崽进入水里， 并没有很好地照顾幼崽。化石表明一些恐龙照顾幼崽， 但并不能说明所有的恐龙都是如此， 因此C项符合题意。
语法填空
A man spoke with God about heaven and hell(地狱). God said to the man, “Come, I will show you hell.” They 1.____________(enter) a room where a group of people sat around a huge pot of meat. Everyone was thin and hungry. Each held a spoon 2.____________ could reach the pot, but each spoon had a handle much 3.____________(long) than their own arms. So it was impossible for them 4.____________ (put) the food into their own mouths. Everyone felt sad and 5.____________ (frighten).
Then he 6.____________ (ask) by God to come to see what heaven was. They entered another room, similar to the first—the pot of meat, the group of people, the same long-handle spoons. But there everyone was healthy and 7.____________ (peace). They were eating 8.____________ (happy).
“I don’t understand，” said the man. “Why are they happy here when they were sad in the other room and as 9.____________ matter of fact, everything was the same？” God smiled. “Ah. Here they 10.____________ (learn) to feed each other since they came here.” “It is simple, isn’t it？”he said.
1．entered 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。
2．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰a spoon，且在从句中作主语。
3．longer 解析：考查形容词的用法。根据句中的than可知，此处用比较级。
4．to put 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作真正的主语，it是形式主语。
5．frightened 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语表示人的心理。
6．was asked 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处是发生在过去的动作且是被动意义。
7．peaceful 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。peaceful adj.平和的。
8．happily 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词were eating。
9．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。as a matter of fact 实际上。
10．have learned 解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的since they came here可知，用现在完成时。
B卷[学生用书P143(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
My teenage son Karl became withdrawn(孤僻的) after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked.
One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded(恳求) for help.“Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.”
I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster.“I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I choked up and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger.“I love my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said，“Thank you for your time”， and hung up.
Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he__even__made__the__honor__roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said，“Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year？”I nodded.“That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”
【解题导语】 作者的丈夫去世了，儿子变得孤僻难以交流。作者在上班时接到了校长打来的电话。作者在电话里说了对儿子的担心，求校长帮助自己教育孩子。从那以后，作者的儿子变好了。原来当时的电话是儿子假装校长打的，儿子被感动了，所以改变了。
1．By saying “Karl became withdrawn”， the author means that the boy changed entirely and ________．
A．began to dislike his mother
B．lost interest in his studies
C．preferred to stay alone at home
D．refused to talk to others
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away.可知，作者越是和儿子交谈，儿子离她越远。故选D项。
2．There was silence on the other end of the line because ________．
A．the speaker was unable to interrupt the mother
B．the speaker waited for the mother to finish speaking
C．the speaker was too moved to say anything to the mother
D．the speaker didn’t want the mother to recognize his voice
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中电话的内容可知，电话那头的儿子听到妈妈和“校长”说的话，应该是被感动了，所以沉默了。
3．The sentence “he even made the honor roll” means that “________”．
A．he was even on the list of the best students at school
B．he was even on the list of students who had turned themselves around
C．he was even on the list to be praised at the parent-teacher meeting
D．he was even on the list of students who made progress in grades
A 解析：句意猜测题。根据文中第四段的Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades.(卡尔的下一次成绩报告显示，学习成绩有了很大的改善。)和句中的even可知，此处应该是说孩子是学校里最好的学生了。
4．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life.
B．School education doesn’t work without full support from parents.
C．Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers.
D．Children in single-parent families often have mental problems.
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，是“校长”给妈妈打的电话改变了孩子，因为在电话中妈妈表达了对儿子深深的爱和担心。故选A项。
B
When it comes to public transport in China, you have so many choices! But for those who want to travel long distances in comfort without spending too much money, the hard sleeper train offers you the best of both.And that’s why I often take such a train in China.
You can buy tickets for these trains in two ways：firstly going to any train station and buying them over the counter.If you are a foreigner in China，you will need to bring your passport along with you，and find the ticket office.If your Chinese isn’t too great, I would suggest you book your tickets through Ctrip.
Depending on which train station you go to, you will need to arrive about one hour early to ensure you can find the ticket office and platform waiting area.Some train stations will be large and have very long queues, so allowing yourself this extra time is necessary to avoid missing your train.However, if you have bought your tickets in advance and collected them, then about half an hour should be enough.
Once you’ve picked up your ticket, you will need to find your boarding gate.Chinese train stations work more like airports than western stations, so you will not be able to wait on the platform for your train.On your ticket there will be a few letters and numbers, for example, K564.Throughout the train station you will see electronic notice boards which give all train information.You must match up your train number to the boarding gate.After this, you will know when your train is boarding because everyone will get up and crowd around the platform entrance.You must use your ticket to get through the gates.
Each carriage(车厢) has about 10 compartments(隔间), each including 6 beds.Passengers can also sit on small seats with tables at the end of each compartment, if you are not ready to climb into bed yet.By far the bottom beds are the most acclaimed，giving both extra head room, and the use of a table, so many people prefer the bottom beds.The beds themselves are small，but large enough to fit an average person inside them comfortably.
【解题导语】 中国公共交通的种类多样，但是如果想要进行长途旅行并且省钱的话，作者认为硬卧是最佳选择。
5．What does the author think people who will take a hard sleeper train should do?
A．Try to avoid long queues.
B．Spare time to avoid a rush.
C．Make sure to buy tickets in advance.
D．Arrive at the waiting hall one hour in advance.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的．..so allowing yourself this extra time is necessary to avoid missing your train.However，if you have bought your tickets in advance and collected them，then about half an hour should be enough.可知，作者建议早些到火车站，以免太匆忙。
6．In the author’s country, what can people do when taking a train?
A．Wait on the platform for their train.
B．Buy tickets after getting on the train.
C．See electronic notice boards on the platform.
D．Get to the platform through any boarding gate.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Chinese train stations work more like airports than western stations，so you will not be able to wait on the platform for your train.可知，在作者的国家，人们可以在站台上等车。
7．What does the underlined word “acclaimed” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Important. B．Dangerous.
C．Expensive. D．Popular.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的By far the bottom beds are...giving both extra head room，and the use of a table，so many people prefer the bottom beds.可知，下铺空间大，又可以使用桌子，因此是最受欢迎的。画线词意为：受欢迎的。
8．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To tell how to buy train tickets in China.
B．To compare public transport choices in China.
C．To tell about taking a hard sleeper train in China.
D．To encourage us to take a hard sleeper train in China.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要介绍了在中国乘坐硬卧的情况。
短文改错
Yesterday I visited to a Chinese friend’s home.My friend’s mother asked us to have lunch with them but I agreed.There were just four people have lunch together.However，my friend’s mother prepared six dish and we couldn’t finish all the food at all.The food that was not finished was thrown in the end.On my way back I see some homeless people on the street and I thought of a wasted food at my friend’s home.I felt a bit sadly.Many people like wasting food.What I wish no food would be wasted！In this way，no one on the earth would be hungry.
答案：
Yesterday I visited a Chinese friend’s home.My friend’s mother asked to have lunch with them I agreed.There were just four people lunch together.However，my friend’s mother prepared six and we couldn’t finish all the food at all.The food that was not finished was thrown in the end.On my way back I some homeless people on the street and I thought of wasted food at my friend’s home.I felt a bit .Many people like wasting food. I wish no food would be wasted！In this way，no one on the earth would be hungry.
书面表达
假如你叫李华。最近，你收到美国笔友Tom发来的邮件。在邮件中，Tom说最近自己体质较差总是感冒，经常缺课， 因此他非常担心即将到来的考试。请你给他回一封邮件。 内容包括：
1．表示安慰；
2．提出建议(重视锻炼、均衡饮食、保持心情愉悦)；
3．祝他早日康复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear that_____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Tom,__
I__am__sorry__to__hear__that you’re in poor health and often get colds, missing lots of classes. However, don’t worry too much about that as well as the coming exam. In my opinion, health is the most important thing in life. Here, I am writing to tell you what you should do to recover your health. First of all, you should attach importance to taking exercise in your spare time. After some exercise, you can feel more refreshed and relaxed, which can help you learn better. In addition, keeping a balanced diet can provide nutrition for your body. What’s more, it is important to put yourself in a good mood. And enough sleep can make you full of energy for a whole day laying a good foundation for everything.
Do you agree with me? I sincerely hope that you’ll soon be fully restored to health.
Yours，
Li__Hua
课件56张PPT。Unit 12 Culture Shock本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷[学生用书P141(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．This winter the weather of the south is quite ____________(disappoint)．
答案：disappointing
2．The car ____________(repair) in the garage was made in Germany thirty years ago.
答案：being repaired
3．Mary was often heard ____________(sing) in the next room.
答案：singing
4．Not ____________(know) her address, I can’t visit her personally.
答案：knowing
5．____________(see) the film before, I’ll stay at home to do some reading.
答案：Having seen
6．The building ____________(face) east is our biology laboratory.
答案：facing
7．Their homework ____________(finish), the boys went out to play football.
答案：(having been) finished
8．With the teachers ____________(help) them，the students are getting along very well with their lessons.
答案：helping
9．The old lady was seated on the bench in the park, her pet dog ____________(run) around her happily.
答案：running
10．She went back home, and dropped herself on the couch，____________(feel) depressed about her failure in business.
答案：feeling
阅读理解
A
When you leave school, you can breathe sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp.
An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.”But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the U．S. that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MTT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn!
Learning is a habit. Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you.
Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow.Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain!
Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it!
Make a “to learn”list. Compose a “to learn”list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it.
Teach others. Whatever you learn, leach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了终身学习的重要性以及如何训练这种习惯。
1．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Make Learning Last a Lifetime
B．What You Should Do After Leaving School
C．Several Tips on Learning
D．A New Trend in Learning
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文在第一段提出主题：Learning should last a lifetime.下文就其重要性以及如何去做进行了说明。故选A项。
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．You don’t need to consider what you have learnt after graduation.
B．Leaving learning behind is what you should do after a break.
C．You can relax as you have escaped from the hard life of studying.
D．You should have a good rest and then go on learning.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，句子When you leave school, you can breathe__sigh__of__relief__and__leave__learning__behind,__right？的意思是：你毕业时，你可能会如释重负地叹口气，把学习抛之脑后了，对吗？故本题答案为C项。
3．From the passage we learn that ________．
A．we should read as fast as possible to gain more knowledge
B．we should use the knowledge we have gained from books
C．we can gain every kind of knowledge through books
D．the main purpose of gaining knowledge is to teach others
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据文中的As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it！可知，我们应该使用从书上学到的知识。
B
Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils(恐龙化石) because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck(陷入) all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.
Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups.“That’s pretty much settled at this point.”says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.
As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.
There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered.Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.
【解题导语】 研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些关于恐龙的信息。但对于同一个化石却有不同的研究结果。在研究恐龙是否能照看好幼崽方面， 科学家们研究了恐龙的近亲——鸟类和鳄鱼， 但没有完全解答这些问题。
4．Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by________．
A．studying dinosaur fossils
B．examining modern animals
C．watching dinosaurs
D．using telescopes
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils(恐龙化石)”可知研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些信息， 故A项正确。
5．What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno?
A．Half of the dinosaurs lived alone.
B．Most dinosaurs moved long distances.
C．Many dinosaurs settled in the north.
D．Some dinosaurs lived in big groups.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups”可知Paul Sereno说科学家们都认为至少某些种类的恐龙群居， 故D项正确。
6．Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by________.
A．watching many kinds of animals
B．studying dinosaurs’ living relatives
C．following the tracks left behind
D．working on dug-out dinosaur eggs
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models”可知科学家们通过研究现存的恐龙的近亲——鸟类和鳄鱼来判断恐龙是否能照看好他们的幼崽。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph?
A．Birds hardly pay attention to their young.
B．Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well.
C．Some dinosaurs took care of their young.
D．Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中可知鸟类很好地照顾幼鸟， 而鳄鱼只是帮助幼崽进入水里， 并没有很好地照顾幼崽。化石表明一些恐龙照顾幼崽， 但并不能说明所有的恐龙都是如此， 因此C项符合题意。
语法填空
A man spoke with God about heaven and hell(地狱). God said to the man, “Come, I will show you hell.” They 1.____________(enter) a room where a group of people sat around a huge pot of meat. Everyone was thin and hungry. Each held a spoon 2.____________ could reach the pot, but each spoon had a handle much 3.____________(long) than their own arms. So it was impossible for them 4.____________ (put) the food into their own mouths. Everyone felt sad and 5.____________ (frighten).
Then he 6.____________ (ask) by God to come to see what heaven was. They entered another room, similar to the first—the pot of meat, the group of people, the same long-handle spoons. But there everyone was healthy and 7.____________ (peace). They were eating 8.____________ (happy).
“I don’t understand，” said the man. “Why are they happy here when they were sad in the other room and as 9.____________ matter of fact, everything was the same？” God smiled. “Ah. Here they 10.____________ (learn) to feed each other since they came here.” “It is simple, isn’t it？”he said.
1．entered 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。
2．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰a spoon，且在从句中作主语。
3．longer 解析：考查形容词的用法。根据句中的than可知，此处用比较级。
4．to put 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作真正的主语，it是形式主语。
5．frightened 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语表示人的心理。
6．was asked 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处是发生在过去的动作且是被动意义。
7．peaceful 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作表语。peaceful adj.平和的。
8．happily 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰动词were eating。
9．a 解析：考查冠词的用法。as a matter of fact 实际上。
10．have learned 解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的since they came here可知，用现在完成时。
B卷[学生用书P143(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
My teenage son Karl became withdrawn(孤僻的) after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked.
One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded(恳求) for help.“Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.”
I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster.“I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I choked up and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger.“I love my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said，“Thank you for your time”， and hung up.
Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he__even__made__the__honor__roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said，“Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year？”I nodded.“That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”
【解题导语】 作者的丈夫去世了，儿子变得孤僻难以交流。作者在上班时接到了校长打来的电话。作者在电话里说了对儿子的担心，求校长帮助自己教育孩子。从那以后，作者的儿子变好了。原来当时的电话是儿子假装校长打的，儿子被感动了，所以改变了。
1．By saying “Karl became withdrawn”， the author means that the boy changed entirely and ________．
A．began to dislike his mother
B．lost interest in his studies
C．preferred to stay alone at home
D．refused to talk to others
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away.可知，作者越是和儿子交谈，儿子离她越远。故选D项。
2．There was silence on the other end of the line because ________．
A．the speaker was unable to interrupt the mother
B．the speaker waited for the mother to finish speaking
C．the speaker was too moved to say anything to the mother
D．the speaker didn’t want the mother to recognize his voice
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中电话的内容可知，电话那头的儿子听到妈妈和“校长”说的话，应该是被感动了，所以沉默了。
3．The sentence “he even made the honor roll” means that “________”．
A．he was even on the list of the best students at school
B．he was even on the list of students who had turned themselves around
C．he was even on the list to be praised at the parent-teacher meeting
D．he was even on the list of students who made progress in grades
A 解析：句意猜测题。根据文中第四段的Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades.(卡尔的下一次成绩报告显示，学习成绩有了很大的改善。)和句中的even可知，此处应该是说孩子是学校里最好的学生了。
4．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life.
B．School education doesn’t work without full support from parents.
C．Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers.
D．Children in single-parent families often have mental problems.
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，是“校长”给妈妈打的电话改变了孩子，因为在电话中妈妈表达了对儿子深深的爱和担心。故选A项。
B
When it comes to public transport in China, you have so many choices! But for those who want to travel long distances in comfort without spending too much money, the hard sleeper train offers you the best of both.And that’s why I often take such a train in China.
You can buy tickets for these trains in two ways：firstly going to any train station and buying them over the counter.If you are a foreigner in China，you will need to bring your passport along with you，and find the ticket office.If your Chinese isn’t too great, I would suggest you book your tickets through Ctrip.
Depending on which train station you go to, you will need to arrive about one hour early to ensure you can find the ticket office and platform waiting area.Some train stations will be large and have very long queues, so allowing yourself this extra time is necessary to avoid missing your train.However, if you have bought your tickets in advance and collected them, then about half an hour should be enough.
Once you’ve picked up your ticket, you will need to find your boarding gate.Chinese train stations work more like airports than western stations, so you will not be able to wait on the platform for your train.On your ticket there will be a few letters and numbers, for example, K564.Throughout the train station you will see electronic notice boards which give all train information.You must match up your train number to the boarding gate.After this, you will know when your train is boarding because everyone will get up and crowd around the platform entrance.You must use your ticket to get through the gates.
Each carriage(车厢) has about 10 compartments(隔间), each including 6 beds.Passengers can also sit on small seats with tables at the end of each compartment, if you are not ready to climb into bed yet.By far the bottom beds are the most acclaimed，giving both extra head room, and the use of a table, so many people prefer the bottom beds.The beds themselves are small，but large enough to fit an average person inside them comfortably.
【解题导语】 中国公共交通的种类多样，但是如果想要进行长途旅行并且省钱的话，作者认为硬卧是最佳选择。
5．What does the author think people who will take a hard sleeper train should do?
A．Try to avoid long queues.
B．Spare time to avoid a rush.
C．Make sure to buy tickets in advance.
D．Arrive at the waiting hall one hour in advance.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的．..so allowing yourself this extra time is necessary to avoid missing your train.However，if you have bought your tickets in advance and collected them，then about half an hour should be enough.可知，作者建议早些到火车站，以免太匆忙。
6．In the author’s country, what can people do when taking a train?
A．Wait on the platform for their train.
B．Buy tickets after getting on the train.
C．See electronic notice boards on the platform.
D．Get to the platform through any boarding gate.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Chinese train stations work more like airports than western stations，so you will not be able to wait on the platform for your train.可知，在作者的国家，人们可以在站台上等车。
7．What does the underlined word “acclaimed” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Important. B．Dangerous.
C．Expensive. D．Popular.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的By far the bottom beds are...giving both extra head room，and the use of a table，so many people prefer the bottom beds.可知，下铺空间大，又可以使用桌子，因此是最受欢迎的。画线词意为：受欢迎的。
8．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To tell how to buy train tickets in China.
B．To compare public transport choices in China.
C．To tell about taking a hard sleeper train in China.
D．To encourage us to take a hard sleeper train in China.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要介绍了在中国乘坐硬卧的情况。
短文改错
Yesterday I visited to a Chinese friend’s home.My friend’s mother asked us to have lunch with them but I agreed.There were just four people have lunch together.However，my friend’s mother prepared six dish and we couldn’t finish all the food at all.The food that was not finished was thrown in the end.On my way back I see some homeless people on the street and I thought of a wasted food at my friend’s home.I felt a bit sadly.Many people like wasting food.What I wish no food would be wasted！In this way，no one on the earth would be hungry.
答案：
Yesterday I visited a Chinese friend’s home.My friend’s mother asked to have lunch with them I agreed.There were just four people lunch together.However，my friend’s mother prepared six and we couldn’t finish all the food at all.The food that was not finished was thrown in the end.On my way back I some homeless people on the street and I thought of wasted food at my friend’s home.I felt a bit .Many people like wasting food. I wish no food would be wasted！In this way，no one on the earth would be hungry.
书面表达
假如你叫李华。最近，你收到美国笔友Tom发来的邮件。在邮件中，Tom说最近自己体质较差总是感冒，经常缺课， 因此他非常担心即将到来的考试。请你给他回一封邮件。 内容包括：
1．表示安慰；
2．提出建议(重视锻炼、均衡饮食、保持心情愉悦)；
3．祝他早日康复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear that_____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Tom,__
I__am__sorry__to__hear__that you’re in poor health and often get colds, missing lots of classes. However, don’t worry too much about that as well as the coming exam. In my opinion, health is the most important thing in life. Here, I am writing to tell you what you should do to recover your health. First of all, you should attach importance to taking exercise in your spare time. After some exercise, you can feel more refreshed and relaxed, which can help you learn better. In addition, keeping a balanced diet can provide nutrition for your body. What’s more, it is important to put yourself in a good mood. And enough sleep can make you full of energy for a whole day laying a good foundation for everything.
Do you agree with me? I sincerely hope that you’ll soon be fully restored to health.
Yours，
Li__Hua
[学生用书P75]
owe vt. 欠(情、债等)；感激；归
功于
(1)owe sb.sth. 欠某人某物
owe...to．.. 把……归功于……
(2)owing adj. 欠着的
owing to 由于
apology n. 道歉，认错
(1)make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.
因为(做)……向某人
道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
(2)apologize(apologise) vi. 道歉
apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb. that... 因……向某人道歉
absorb vt. 理解，掌握；吸收，汲取；吞并；吸引(注意等)；使全神贯注
(1)absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb sth.into sth. 吸收某物进入某物
(2)absorbed adj. 被吸收的；一心一意的
be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心于
exchange vt.& n. 交换，兑换
(1)exchange...for．.. 用……换……
exchange ideas 交流想法
(2)in exchange (for...) 作为(对……的)交换
majority n. 大多数，大半
(1)in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority 以……的多数
(2)major adj. 重要的
v. 主修
major in 主修……
request n．& vt. 请求；要求；邀请
(1)make (a) request for．.. 请求/要求得到……
at one’s request/at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
on request 一经请求
(2)request sth.from/of sb. 要求某人某事
request sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
attach vt. 附，贴，系，固定；喜欢，
依恋
(1)attach...to... 把……附在……上
attach importance to sth. 认为……有重要性/
意义
(2)attached adj. 附加的；喜爱的
be attached to... 附加于/喜爱……
forgive vt. 宽恕，饶恕
(1)forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth.
饶恕/原谅某人(做)
某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
(2)forgiving adj. 宽恕的
(3)forgiveness n. 原谅；宽恕
first__of__all 首先
above all 最重要的
at all 根本
all in all 总而言之
in all 总共
after all 毕竟
as__a__result 结果
as a result of．.. 因为
with the result that... 结果是……
result in 导致
result from... 起因于
drop__off 让……下车；打盹儿，打瞌睡；减少，逐渐消失
drop away 减弱；减少
drop back 落后
drop behind 落后；落在……后面
drop in(on sb.) 拜访(某人)
drop out 不再参加，退出；辍学
hang__on 稍等；不挂断；取决于；坚持不懈，不放弃
hang out 挂出；闲逛
hang up 挂断；悬挂；搁置
hang around 闲荡；徘徊
hang over 笼罩；威胁
break__into 闯入，破门而入；突然……
起来
break away from 离开；脱离
break down 打破，毁掉；出毛病；(身体)垮了；恸哭
break out 突然爆发
break up 拆散，解散；分解，分裂；崩溃
break in 插嘴
break through 突围；突破
bring__an__end__to... 使结束
at an end 结束
come to an end 结束
put an end to... 使……结束
at the end of．.. 在……末尾
by the end of... 到……为止
1．现在分词作定语
There are people from all over the world living here and as a result，there are many international restaurants.
【仿写】 站在那棵树底下的女孩是我妹妹。
The girl__standing__under__that__tree is my sister.
2．even though即使
But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends.
【仿写】 即使下雨，我们也要想办法按时到达那里。
We will manage to arrive there on time even__though__it__rains．
3．was/were doing...when...正在做……时，这时……
I was enjoying my dessert and talking to my American friend Janice at the table when I noticed people staring at us.
【仿写】 他们正在讨论这个问题，这时有人闯了进来。
They were__discussing__the__problem__when someone broke in.
4．while表示对比
They are now a minority group and most of them live in terrible conditions while the rest of us are quite well-off.
【仿写】 他每天辛苦工作而他哥哥却整天闲坐着无所事事。
He works hard every day while__his__brother__always sits there doing nothing.
5．It is said that...据说……
It is said that there are more than 200 different kinds!
【仿写】 据说他的儿子已经出国深造了。
It__is__said__that his son has gone abroad for further education.
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．伤害了朋友时，你向他/她道歉吗？(when doing...; apology)
2．我们大多数人发现道歉很难，即使我们的朋友们在期待着。(majority; find＋宾语＋宾补； even if; look forward to)
3．如果你不常道歉，那你可能会结束你们的友谊。(bring an end to)
4．要谦虚和谨慎。做错事时，道歉是很合理的。(modest; cautious; reasonable)
5．你可以给你的朋友一个礼物，附上小纸条。(attach)
6．那么你的朋友会原谅你。(forgive)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Do you make an apology to your friend when hurting him/her? The majority of us find it hard, even if our friends are looking forward to it. If you seldom offer your apology, you can bring an end to your friendship. Be modest and cautious.When doing something wrong, it is reasonable to apologize. You can give your friend a note attached to a gift. Then your friend will forgive you.
课件21张PPT。owetoowingapologyforfor toabsorbintoabsorbedexchangeforinmajorityby/withmajorinrequestforonfrom/ofattachtoattached forgiveforforgivingforgivenessfirst of allabove inafteras a resultwithofindrop offawaybehindouthang onoutaroundoverbreak intofromoutinbring an end to...attoofstanding under that treeeven though it rainswere discussing the problem whenwhile his brother alwaysIt is said that本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
