A卷
阅读理解
A
Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.
Electronic Village Program (Monday，June 18，2018)
Nearpod
9：00 am to 10：00 am
Room 501
Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context(语境) for students to learn vocabulary.The presenter will show how to use it.
TEO
2：00 pm to 3：00 pm
Room 502
Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn online.The presenter will use examples from his first online class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching online with TEO.
Kahoot
10：30 am to 11：30 am
Room 601
Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network.It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈)，including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.
Prezi
3：30 pm to 4：20 pm
Room 602
Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students’ attention to speaking more fluently.The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics，including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.
【解题导语】 文章主要讲的是探索新的教学和学习语言的方法。Electronic Village提供了四种课程计划供用户选择。这四种课程分别针对有不同需要的人。
1．Nearpod can be used to ________．
A．offer grammar tests
B．teach listening on-line
C．help vocabulary learning
D．gain fluency in speaking
C 解析：细节理解题。根据“for students to learn vocabulary”可知答案，Nearpod软件能够为用户提供丰富的语言环境来练习词汇。故选C。
2．If you want to improve your speaking skills，you can go to ________．
A．Room 501 B．Room 502
C．Room 601 D．Room 602
D 解析：细节理解题。根据“Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses...”可知，Prezi为用户提供听力和口语方面的课程，其对应的房间是602。故选D。
3．Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?
A．Nearpod. B．Kahoot.
C．TEO. D．Prezi.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据“Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests”可知，Kahoot软件为用户创建语法测试，来评估用户的语法技能。故选B。
4．A teacher who wants to learn online teaching is expected to arrive by ________．
A．9：00 am B．10：30 am
C．2：00 pm D．3：30 pm
C 解析：细节理解题。根据“The presenter will use examples from his first online class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching online with TEO.”可知，TEO的嘉宾将使用例子来解释如何进行网络教学，时间是下午两点到三点。故选C。
B
More and more English-educated Chinese Singaporean parents are realizing the importance for their children to be not only good at the all-important English language, but also at Chinese. China has become a great political and economic superpower and they want their children to become bilingual.
It is common knowledge that, to master any language, especially one’s mother tongue, one must begin from childhood. But there are challenges and barriers for children of English-speaking homes to succeed in their journey towards bilingualism.
Take my family as an example. While my wife and I are products of English education, we had some foundation in Chinese which we kept up in our working life. But the language of communication in our home is mainly English.
We are glad that our three children had between 8 and 11 years’ Chinese schooling before switching over to English schools. Their foundation in Chinese has become an advantage in their adult life. They can hold their own in the spoken language, but would find it hard to write a business letter in Chinese for lack of usage.
We have a grandson who will be two years old shortly. His parents have given us the unenviable(艰难的) task of making him bilingual. It is a very tough assignment, as we are with him only a couple of hours on most days. For the rest of the time, he is being surrounded by English sounds by his busy parents.
Fortunately, our perseverance is paying off. After eight months, he has been used to hearing Chinese sounds, and even he can now quite comfortably identify common everyday objects in Chinese.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了很多新加坡的华人让孩子学习汉语的情况。
5．Why is it becoming necessary for some Chinese Singaporean children to learn Chinese?
A．Because most of the Singaporeans come from China.
B．Because their parents are missing their motherland.
C．Because China has become a great political and economic superpower.
D．Because Chinese is the official language in the UN.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，中国的政治和经济地位的提高，使中国在世界上起着越来越重要的作用。这是促使新加坡的华人儿童学习汉语的主要原因。
6．The underlined word“bilingual”in Paragraph 1 probably means “__________”.
A．a person who knows English
B．a person who knows Chinese
C．a person who knows only one language
D．a person who knows two languages
D 解析：词义猜测题。第一段第一句提到，越来越多的接受英语教育的新加坡籍华人父母意识到孩子要同时掌握英语和汉语的重要性，因此bilingual应指“会两种语言的人”。
7．The author uses the example of teaching his grandson mainly to prove that ________.
A．there are challenges for children of English-speaking homes to learn Chinese
B．his foundation in Chinese is a big advantage in teaching his grandson
C．he is quite good at teaching small children Chinese
D．learning Chinese is very popular in Singapore
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段第二句可知对于一个处于英语环境的儿童，要掌握汉语需要克服很多困难和挑战。再根据第五段第三、四句可知，作者认为这是一项艰巨的任务，因为他的孙子每天大多数时间都和讲英语的父母待在一起。由此可知作者举这个例子的主要目的是证明第二段最后一句提出的观点，即“对于一个在英语环境下的儿童，要掌握汉语需要克服很多困难和挑战”。
8．We learn from the passage that ________.
A．all the children in Singapore need to learn Chinese
B．understanding Chinese is becoming an advantage in
Singapore
C．the author’s children know nothing about Chinese
D．the author feels it easy to teach others Chinese
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段第二句“Their foundation in Chinese has become an advantage in their adult life.”可知，作者的孩子们有一些汉语基础，这成为他们在生活中的优势，由此推知，在新加坡懂汉语正在成为一种优势。
C
Many people in high school cannot wait to go to college and leave their hometown behind. Questions arise, though, when it comes to all of the decisions involved in choosing a college.
One of the first considerations may be finance. State and public colleges are often the least expensive. Often, though, the better colleges are private and more expensive. It is sad when gifted students cannot attend a college of their choice just for financial reasons.
Another major factor is location. Whether the college is in a small town or a large city can have a major impact on its activities. A water lover probably will be more comfortable spending four years near an ocean or a lake. Those who cannot tolerate heat will probably be more comfortable at a northern college. Distance from home may also come into consideration. If family is a top priority, that person should stay close to home; on the other hand, if independence is desired, a campus farther from home would be more appropriate.
School size also plays a major role in the decision process. If you want to get to know your teachers, a small college is suitable. For those of you who consider yourself a“people__person” and want a wide range of activities, a large college is more fitting. Your area of interest is another factor to consider in the decision-making process if you want to get the most from your education. The whole point of college is to learn what is of interest to you.
Crucially(至关重要地), one must take into consideration the colleges by which you can realistically be accepted. An Ivy League school for an average student would probably not be a good match. Similarly, an average school for an above-average student would not work well. The college should provide enough of a challenge for the student to work hard. Although there may not be the perfect college out there, there probably will be one that is close. Those who cannot find a suitable college are probably not looking hard enough.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何正确选择适合自己的大学。
9．When it comes to going to college the author thinks ________．
A．financial situation is one of the factors to be considered first
B．students are unwilling to leave their home
C．students will become homesick
D．students are eager to attend their ideal university
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话One of the first considerations may be finance.可知，经济状况是首先要考虑的问题之一。
10．What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．Students can be independent at college.
B．A long distance will make students upset.
C．The location of the college is a main factor.
D．The climate must be taken into consideration.
C 解析：段落大意题。第三段讲述了大学所在城市的地理位置也是选择大学的一个主要因素，故选C项。
11．What does the underlined part “people person” in the passage mean?
A．A person of great capacity.
B．A very particular person.
C．A very sociable person.
D．A person of great importance.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的want a wide range of activities可知，画线词表示的是“在大学期间参加很多活动的人”，即喜欢社交的人。故选C项。
12．Which is the most important factor when choosing a college?
A．The location of a college.
B．The examination result.
C．School size.
D．The coming challenges.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句话可知，在所有的建议中，至关重要的是选择大学要现实一些，要考虑你能否被这所大学录取，因此要考虑个人成绩，故选B项。
七选五
Kids with Special Needs
Kids with special needs refer to any kid who might need extra help because of medical, emotional, or learning problems. For example, disabled kids need wheelchairs. They not only need the equipment that helps them get around, but they might need to have ramps(斜坡) or elevators available.1.________
Kids with an illness would have special needs, too.2.________ Kids with sight problems might need Braille books to read. Kids with hearing problems might need hearing aids.
3．________ It might be harder to do normal things—like learning to read or just getting around school. The good news is that parents, doctors, nurses, teachers, and others can help. The goal is to help kids be as independent as possible.
Other kids also can be a big help. How? By being a friend. Kids who use a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just as you do. But meeting people and making friends can be difficult. 4.________ Be sure to tell a teacher if you see someone being bullied(欺侮) or teased.
5．________ You might carry the person’s books or do something simple, such as asking him or her to join you and your friends at lunch. It’s also important not to be “overly helpful” when no help is needed. Why? Because just like you, kids with special needs like to be as independent as they can be.
Being friendly to kids with special needs is one of the best ways to be helpful. As you get to know, they may help you understand what it’s like to be in their shoes. And you’ll be helping fill a very special need, one that everybody has—the need for good friends.
A．Some kids might laugh at or make fun of them.
B．They also might need to get a special bus to school.
C．Life can be challenging for a kid with special needs.
D．It’s good manners to try to offer help to kids with special needs.
E．Also try to be helpful if you know someone with special needs.
F．Kids with special needs usually live a harder life than normal kids.
G．They might need medicine or other help as they go about their daily activities.
【解题导语】 本文是关于有特殊需要的孩子的文章。
1．B 解析：本段为全文的首段，主要解释kids with special needs的含义。根据前一句的主语they, 我们会首先想到B和G，但是本处举例的是有残疾的孩子，所以G的关联度不如B, B承接上句，继续说明残疾孩子的特殊需要，also表示添加，与此处语境吻合，故选B。
2．G 解析：根据首句可知，本段承接第一段继续说明“有特殊需要的孩子”的不同情况，B和 G与此关联。但对于“Kids with an illness”来说， G中的“medicine”显然比“get a special bus to school”更为合理，故选G。
3．C 解析：根据本段下文可知，本段的话题为“有特殊需要的孩子的生活相对艰难”， C和 F与此关联。 但 F的主语与下句不一致，让人感觉话题的中心变化太突然，而 C中的 life显然与下句主语It一致，较好地保持话题一致，有利于突出“中心话题”，故选 C。
4．A 解析：从本段开始，文章就如何帮助有特殊需要的孩子进行说明。上句说：和人见面和交友，对于这些孩子来说，可能会有难度。原因何在？显然 A 是最好的解释或说明，且 A 中的“laugh at or make fun of”与下句的“bullied(欺侮) or teased”吻合，故选 A。
5．E 解析：分析本文的语篇结构可知，首段就“kids with special needs”的含义做出解释，第二段是就不同类型的情况做进一步的说明，第三段呼吁人们对这些孩子给予关爱和帮助。第四、五段则就如何帮助提出建议。本段的中心话题是如何帮助，D和 E有关联，但 D更像是评论，而不是指引，且 E中的“to be helpful” 与下文一致，故选 E。
B卷
阅读理解
A university in southwest China’s Chongqing City set up a reading room as part of a campaign(活动) that stops students from taking their mobile phones with them in case the device distracts(使分心) them from concentrating on their studies.
Reportedly a student named Hu Xiaopeng participating in the campaign studied 530 minutes without using his mobile phone.Unlike Hu，another one picked up his mobile phone in less than 20 minutes.“Having seen many students use their mobile phones in the library，a habit that shortens their study time and negatively impacts their learning，we decided to open this reading room，” said Zhang Shuran，the person responsible for the project at the university.
Zhang added that students can keep their phones in appointed bags with numbers on them.The bags are placed on a desk near the door of the reading room.“Staff members at the reading room will check the phones when there’s a call，”said Zhang，adding that they will inform students when their parents or teachers call them，but will not tell students if an unknown person is calling or when there is a text message.Based on the time students hand in their phones when they come to the reading room and the time they get them back when they leave the room，Hu Xiaopeng from College of Animal Science and Technology of the university set a record of the longest time.Hu spent 530 minutes studying without using his phone.Though feeling somewhat surprised，Hu said，“It’s bad to keep mobile phone with you when you are reading or studying.”
The campaign has attracted nearly 200 students since it was launched a week ago.Some Internet users praised the campaign.One user named Liu Jingchang said, “It’s good.I don’t bring my phone when going to the library in case I get distracted.”
【解题导语】 这篇文章主要讲了为了帮助学生专注于他们的学习，重庆市开了一家阅览室，要求学生不能把手机带入，并开展了竞赛，其中，胡晓鹏同学坚持学习将近九个小时没有使用手机。
1．Why is the reading room opened in Chongqing City?
A．To prevent students using mobile phones in the library.
B．To help students focus on their studies.
C．To prevent the mobile phones from being stolen.
D．To encourage students to read more books.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段的内容可知重庆市开这家阅览室的原因是帮助学生专注于他们的学习，故选B。
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A．The bags are on the desk near the students.
B．The time when the mobile phones are put in the bags is recorded.
C．The student will be informed if a stranger calls him.
D．Hu Xiaopeng thinks the campaign is a bad idea.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第三段的“Based on the time students hand in their phones when they come to the reading room and the time they get them back when they leave the room”可知手机被放入包里的时间是有记录的，故选B。
3．What is the attitude of the Internet users toward the reading room?
A．Cautious. B．Supportive.
C．Doubtful. D．Anxious.
B 解析：观点态度题。由“Some Internet users praised the campaign.One user named Liu Jingchang said，‘It’s good.I don’t bring my phone when going to the library in case I get distracted.’”可知一些网民对于这间阅览室持支持态度，故选B。
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．New methods to attract students to read.
B．The harm of mobile phones.
C．A reading room aiming to concentrate students on their studies is set up.
D．Students are encouraged to study with their mobile phones.
C 解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了为了帮助学生专注于他们的学习，重庆市开了一家阅览室，要求学生不能把手机带入，故选C。
完形填空
It was a bright sunny day, and the terrible experience happened when I was studying in Bangalore. One day, I got a call from my mom that my brother’s __1__ was fixed and they were arranging the wedding ceremony in the next few days.My __2__ was pretty far. So the next thing I was __3__ to do was to book my __4__ ticket as there was no direct flight to my hometown. The __5__ was done by an agent in my neighborhood. I paid the whole amount __6__. But when the day approached the __7__ disappeared, leaving me without the train ticket, and thus __8__ all my travel plan.
But as it is said, once you face such __9__ situations, you realize your inner strength. I __10__ decided I would complete my whole journey by bus. Without further __11__， I took a bus to the first city stop. The next bus was again not __12__—it was 8 hours to a city near my hometown, where my aunt lived. They were also going to __13__ my brother’s wedding ceremony. So I called them and __14__ them to accommodate me. They __15__. Half the battle was won.
Then next day, I was just a few hours from my hometown. When my aunt’s family and I were boarding our car, my __16__ asked me to switch places with her.
The journey continued. We were trying to overtake(超越) another car when __17__ a truck appeared in front of us and we went directly head on in front of it. We __18__ with the truck. In this accident, almost everyone in our car was __19__. Fortunately, I didn’t have any injury, __20__ my cousin who switched places with me was seriously injured!
【解题导语】 为参加哥哥的结婚仪式，作者坐公交车辗转回家，上演了真实版“人在囧途”。
1．A.trip B．position
C．marriage D．graduation
C 解析：根据下文“they were arranging the wedding ceremony in the next few days”可知，妈妈打电话告诉“我”，哥哥要结婚了。
2．A.school B．station
C．dormitory D．hometown
D 解析：根据下文“there was no direct flight to my hometown”可知，此处是说，“我”的家乡在很远的地方。
3．A.supposed B．forced
C．persuaded D．convinced
A 解析：从这儿到“我”的家乡没有直达的航班，所以“我”得坐火车回去，“我”接下来应该做的事就是赶紧预订火车票，下文“the train ticket”提示是火车票。
4．A.ship B．train
C．flight D．bus
B 解析：参见上题解析。
5．A.booking B．learning
C．calculating D．driving
A 解析：订票的事交给一个代理人。上文“book”有提示。
6．A.by accident B．at random
C．in advance D．on purpose
C 解析：订票要提前支付钱款。
7．A.passenger B．guard
C．customer D．agent
D 解析：根据下文“disappeared, leaving me without the train ticket”可知，那个代理人不见了，“我”没有拿到票。
8．A.ruining B．finishing
C．forgetting D．dropping
A 解析：没拿到回家的火车票，“我”的计划全毁了。
9．A.common B．tough
C．funny D．hopeful
B 解析：从上文“我”的遭遇看得出“我”面对的情况很棘手。
10．A.fortunately B．immediately
C．patiently D．occasionally
B 解析：时间有限，所以“我”立刻决定倒几趟公交车回去。
11．A.explanation B．discussion
C．notice D．delay
D 解析：不再过多耽搁，“我”立刻坐上了一班开往第一个中转城市的公交车。
12．A.busy B．available
C．direct D．free
C 解析：根据下文“it was 8 hours to a city near my hometown”可知，下一趟公交车通往“我”家乡附近的城市，依旧没有直达的车。
13．A.watch B．visit
C．design D．attend
D 解析：“我”的姑姑一家也要去参加“我”哥哥的婚礼。
14．A.permitted B．asked
C．assisted D．guided
B 解析：“我”给他们打了电话，希望能借宿一晚。
15．A.prepared B．arrived
C．agreed D．ignored
C 解析：根据下文“我”与姑姑一家人一同出发可知，他们同意“我”借宿。
16．A.aunt B．mother
C．daughter D．cousin
D 解析：根据下文“my cousin who switched places with me was seriously injured”可知，“我”的表姐要跟“我”换座位。
17．A.closely B．suddenly
C．eventually D．gradually
B 解析：正要超车，突然对面出现一辆货车。
18．A.crashed B．practiced
C．combined D．met
A 解析：“我”们坐的车和一辆货车相撞了。
19．A.saved B．beaten
C．injured D．punished
C 解析：几乎全车人都受伤了，而“我”一点伤都没有。
20．A.but B．and
C．if D．so
A 解析：“我”没有受伤，但跟“我”换位置的表姐受伤了，前后为转折关系。
语法填空
A friend’s grandfather came to America from Eastern Europe. After 1.____________(settle) down at Ellis Island, he went into a cafeteria in Manhattan to get something 2.____________(eat). He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order. Of course nobody did.3.____________(final), a woman with a tray full of food sat down opposite him and informed him 4.____________ a cafeteria worked.
“Start out at that end，” she said. “Just go along the line and pick out what you want. At 5.____________ other end they’ll tell you how much you have to pay.”
“I soon 6.____________ (learn) how everything works in America，” the grandfather told the friend. “Life’s a cafeteria here. You can get everything you want as long as you are 7.____________ (will) to pay the price. You can even get success，8.____________ you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.”
You can’t change the inevitable. The only thing you can do 9.____________ to control your attitude. Once you reach that point in life, happiness and 10.____________(satisfy) can’t be too far away.
【解题导语】 人生就像自助餐厅，你必须勤劳，必须自己去追求，这样你才能够成功。
1．settling 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后跟动词-ing形式，且settle与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，所以用settling。
2．to eat 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作定语。
3．Finally 解析：考查副词。副词作状语。
4．how 解析：考查连接词。根据第二段可知那位妇女告诉他自助餐厅是“如何”工作的，所以用how。
5．the 解析：考查冠词。前面提到Start out at that end，这里说“在另一头”，应该是the other end。
6．learned 解析：考查时态。根据语境应该用一般过去时。
7．willing 解析：考查形容词。be willing to do sth.愿意做某事。
8．but 解析：考查连词。前后两个分句之间是转折关系，故用but。
9．is 解析：考查系动词。分析句子结构可知缺谓语，主语是the only thing，结合上下文时态，此处填is构成系表结构。
10．satisfaction 解析：考查名词。and连接的两个并列成分，因为happiness是名词，所以此处也应该是名词，即satisfaction。
趣味导引
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》(Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland)是英国作家查尔斯·路德维希·道奇森于1865年出版的儿童文学作品。故事叙述了一个名叫爱丽丝的女孩从兔子洞进入一个神奇国度，遇到许多会讲话的生物以及像人一般活动的纸牌，最后发现原来是一场梦。现在，就请欣赏这部电影的主题曲吧！
Just Like Fire
I know that I am runnin’ out of time
I want it all mmm
And I’m wishin’ they’d stop tryin’ to turn me off
I want it on mmm
And I’m walkin’ on a wire
Tryin’ to go higher
Feels like I’m surrounded①
By clowns② and liars③
Even when I give it all away
I want it all mmm
We came here to run it run it run it
We came here to run it run it run it
Just like fire
Burning up the way
If I could light the world up for just one day
Watch this madness④
Colorful charade⑤
No one can be just like me anyway
Just like magic⑥
I’ll be flyin’ free
I’m a disappear when they
Come for me
I kick that ceiling
What you gonna say
No one can be just like me anyway
Just like fire
People like to laugh at you ’cause they
Are all the same mmm
See I would rather we just go a different way
Than play the game mmm
And no matter the weather
We can do it better
You and me together
Forever and ever
We don’t have to worry ’bout a thing ’Bout a thing no
宛如火焰
我知道时间所剩不多
我希望拥有所有
我希望你们不要试图让我厌烦
我希望能继续前行
即使一路上胆战心惊如履薄冰
也想要尽力再往前一步
我像是被小丑和伪君子
团团包围
即便当我放弃一切
我希望拥有所有
我们都将征服 征服
我们都将征服 征服
如同火焰
熊熊燃烧
但愿能有一天我能照亮世界
目睹世界的疯狂
色彩斑斓的谜题
独一无二 没人能像我一样
像是拥有神奇魔力
我将自由翱翔
在他们追寻我时
我将消失不见
我掀翻屋顶
而你会怎么说
独一无二 没人能像我一样
如同火焰
人们总喜欢嘲笑你
因为他们千篇一律
明白吗 我宁愿另辟蹊径
而非因循守旧
无论是晴是雨
我们能做得更好
只要我们在一起
地久天长
我们什么也不必担心
没什么好担心
[词海拾贝]
surround[s?'ra?nd]vt.包围；环绕
clown[kla?n]n.小丑
liar['la??]n.说谎的人
madness['m?dn?s]n.疯狂；愚蠢的行为
charade[??'rɑ?d]n.字谜游戏
magic['m?d??k]n.魔法
Section Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending
The Importance of Life-long Learning
Nowadays, more and more① people of various ages and backgrounds are continuing to study to improve themselves.Here’s what they have to say about their life-long learning experience.
Sun__Wen—28__years__old
“It’s never too late to learn②.”That was the advice I got after I failed my college entrance exam.Now I’m about to graduate from③ the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.Because of my new qualification④， I’m getting promoted⑤ at work.
In the past，if someone like me had failed to get into university⑥ through the college exam，he would have had no chance of getting a degree.But it’s different now.I decided to give myself a second chance by studying for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a secure⑦ full-time job.Frankly speaking⑧， the last four years have been hard work, but it’s been worth⑨ it!
Ms__Tang—45__years__old
Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off⑩， my mind went blank? and my heart swelled? with anger.In the past, if someone had worked for a company for over 20 years，they would have stayed there until retirement! I suspect? that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump? to my throat and made me want to cry.I felt as if I had done something wrong?！ I know this isn’t true though.It’s just the status? of the job market at the moment?.
At first, I enjoyed being a full-time housewife and called myself “CHO” or “chief ? home officer”．But soon I got bored and decided to do a business course.I have always dreamed of starting my own company.
I have nearly finished the course now and it has been very helpful.I have learnt so many new skills and have already prepared a business plan for setting up? my own export company! I think that getting laid off will prove to be the best thing that ever happened to me?.
①more and more 越来越多的……
②too...to...太……而不能；never/not too...to...表示肯定意义。
③graduate from...从……毕业；be about to do sth.即将做某事(不能与表示将来的时间状语连用)
④qualification n．资格，资历
⑤get promoted是“get done”短语，意为：被提升。
⑥本句是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。
⑦secure[sI'kj??]adj.稳定的；无忧无虑的
⑧frankly speaking坦率地说；frankly adv. 坦率地，真诚地
⑨worth prep.值得
⑩lay off裁员；解雇
?blank[bl??k]adj.空白的
?swell[swel]v.被充满；膨胀，肿胀
swell with pride/anger洋洋得意/怒气冲冲
?suspect[s?'spekt]v.怀疑
?lump[l?mp]n.团，块
?as if引导表语从句，从句中使用了虚拟语气。
?status['steIt?s]n.现状；社会地位
?at the moment此刻
?chief[t?i?f]adj.最高级别的
?set up建立
?that引导定语从句，修饰the best thing，此处的that不能换为which。
终身学习的重要性
如今，越来越多不同年龄不同背景的人都在继续学习以提高自己。下面是他们描述自己终身学习的经历。
孙文——28岁
“活到老，学到老。”这是我大学入学考试失败后得到的忠告。现在我就要从清华大学进修学校毕业了，通过远程学习获得电脑工程学的学士学位。由于我取得了新的资格证，因此我在工作中得到提升。
过去，如果有人像我一样没有通过大学入学考试，他就不会有机会拿到学位。但是现在情况就不同了。我决定再给自己一次机会，在做一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末的时间学习以取得学位。坦白地说，过去这四年过得很艰难，但是值得！
唐女士——45岁
三个月前，当我的经理告诉我，我将要下岗时，我的大脑一片空白，心中充满愤怒。过去，如果有人在一家公司工作了二十几年，他们会在那儿一直工作到退休！我猜想他们解雇我是因为公司的经营效益不佳，但是它仍然令我喉头哽咽，让我想哭。我感觉自己似乎做错了什么！虽然我知道事实上不是这样。这只是当时的工作市场的状况所致。
最初我很高兴地做一个全职家庭主妇，称我自己是“首席家政官”。但是很快我就厌烦了，于是决定去学习一个贸易课程。我一直梦想着能自己开公司。
现在我的课程差不多学完了，它对我非常有益。我学到了许多新的技能，并且已经在准备一个商业计划来建立我自己的出口公司！我觉得经证明下岗将会是发生在我身上最好的事情。
Grandpa__Chen—75__years__old
I’m sure you all know the saying(, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.( ”Well, it’s certainly not true! I’m an old dog, and I’m teaching myself new tricks every day!
It all started a few months ago when postage( went up(.I’d been sending letters by airmail( to my daughter in the US once a week，but, suddenly, it was too expensive.I decided that it was time I became an Internet user(. I got my grandson to instruct( me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered(. And aside from( emailing, it’s fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam.In the past, if I’d wanted to see them, I would have had to visit them in person(.
So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off( your brain and bury( everything you’ve ever learnt.This is so wrong!
Anyway(, it’s time for me to go now.I have to practise the alphabet(! I’m doing an English course on the Internet.
saying['seII?]n.格言，谚语
画线部分句意：你不能教老家伙学会新把戏。(意为：朽木不可雕也。)
postage['p??stId?]n.邮费
go up上升；上涨；是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。
airmail['e?meIl]n.航空邮政
user['ju?z?]n.使用者；此处是句型：It is/was (high) time that...意为：到了……的时候了。that后从句的谓语可以是动词的过去式，也可以是should＋do。
instruct[In'str?kt]v.指导，教导；此处是get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事。
此处是“介词＋which”引导定语从句，修饰the speed。
aside from除……之外
in person亲自
switch off关闭；switch on 打开
bury['beri]vt.埋葬
anyway adv.无论如何
alphabet['?lf?bet]n.字母表
陈爷爷——75岁
我肯定你们都知道这句格言，“你不能教老家伙学会新把戏。”好了，这句话一定错了！我是一位老人，但我每天都在自学新把戏！
一切开始于几个月前邮费价格上涨的时候。过去我每周一次航空邮寄信给我在美国的女儿，但突然价格太贵了。我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。我让我的孙子教我如何收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。除了收发电子邮件，我用网上镜头看到了在美国的外孙们并且同他们谈话，太有趣了。过去，如果我想看到他们，就不得不亲自去他们那里。
许多人认为退休后你能做的就是封闭大脑，埋葬所学过的任何东西。这真是大错特错！
不管怎样，我现在得走了。我要练习字母表了！我正在互联网上进修一个英语课程。
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which of the following is NOT true about Sun Wen according to the passage?
A．She went to Qinghua University right after graduation from high school.
B．She must be an employee working in a company.
C．She took her courses in the evenings and on weekends.
D．She hasn’t got a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning yet.
2．Why was Ms Tang laid off?
A．Because she was too old.
B．Because she hadn’t worked hard enough.
C．Because she had done something wrong.
D．For some reason we don’t know.
3．What would Ms Tang mostly probably do next?
A．To further her study.
B．To go back to the company she used to work for.
C．To set up her own business.
D．To work as a full-time housewife.
4．What made Grandpa Chen learn about the Internet?
A．The fees for sending airmails were too expensive.
B．Surfing the Internet was exciting and interesting.
C．His grandson offered to instruct him on how to email and use the Internet.
D．He didn’t want to switch off his brain.
答案：1－4.ADCA
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.
本句是由and连接的________句。第一个分句中，how to email and use the Internet是“疑问词＋不定式”作介词on的宾语；第二个分句中at which引导________从句，修饰先行词the speed; 定语从句中的谓语get sent and answered是get done结构。
[尝试翻译] 我让我的孙子________________和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢________________________。
答案：并列；定语；教我如何收发电子邮件；信息的传送和回复速度
2．So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.
本句是一个主从复合句。So many people think...是________；that引导的是宾语从句，作think的宾语；after you retire是状语从句；you can do 是省略that的________从句，修饰先行词all；you’ve ever learnt是省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。
[尝试翻译] 许多人认为______你能做的就是______，埋葬________的任何东西。
答案：主句；定语；退休后；封闭大脑；所学过
A卷
阅读理解
A
Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.
Electronic Village Program (Monday，June 18，2018)
Nearpod
9：00 am to 10：00 am
Room 501
Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context(语境) for students to learn vocabulary.The presenter will show how to use it.
TEO
2：00 pm to 3：00 pm
Room 502
Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn online.The presenter will use examples from his first online class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching online with TEO.
Kahoot
10：30 am to 11：30 am
Room 601
Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network.It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈)，including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.
Prezi
3：30 pm to 4：20 pm
Room 602
Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students’ attention to speaking more fluently.The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics，including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.
【解题导语】 文章主要讲的是探索新的教学和学习语言的方法。Electronic Village提供了四种课程计划供用户选择。这四种课程分别针对有不同需要的人。
1．Nearpod can be used to ________．
A．offer grammar tests
B．teach listening on-line
C．help vocabulary learning
D．gain fluency in speaking
C 解析：细节理解题。根据“for students to learn vocabulary”可知答案，Nearpod软件能够为用户提供丰富的语言环境来练习词汇。故选C。
2．If you want to improve your speaking skills，you can go to ________．
A．Room 501 B．Room 502
C．Room 601 D．Room 602
D 解析：细节理解题。根据“Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses...”可知，Prezi为用户提供听力和口语方面的课程，其对应的房间是602。故选D。
3．Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?
A．Nearpod. B．Kahoot.
C．TEO. D．Prezi.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据“Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests”可知，Kahoot软件为用户创建语法测试，来评估用户的语法技能。故选B。
4．A teacher who wants to learn online teaching is expected to arrive by ________．
A．9：00 am B．10：30 am
C．2：00 pm D．3：30 pm
C 解析：细节理解题。根据“The presenter will use examples from his first online class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching online with TEO.”可知，TEO的嘉宾将使用例子来解释如何进行网络教学，时间是下午两点到三点。故选C。
B
More and more English-educated Chinese Singaporean parents are realizing the importance for their children to be not only good at the all-important English language, but also at Chinese. China has become a great political and economic superpower and they want their children to become bilingual.
It is common knowledge that, to master any language, especially one’s mother tongue, one must begin from childhood. But there are challenges and barriers for children of English-speaking homes to succeed in their journey towards bilingualism.
Take my family as an example. While my wife and I are products of English education, we had some foundation in Chinese which we kept up in our working life. But the language of communication in our home is mainly English.
We are glad that our three children had between 8 and 11 years’ Chinese schooling before switching over to English schools. Their foundation in Chinese has become an advantage in their adult life. They can hold their own in the spoken language, but would find it hard to write a business letter in Chinese for lack of usage.
We have a grandson who will be two years old shortly. His parents have given us the unenviable(艰难的) task of making him bilingual. It is a very tough assignment, as we are with him only a couple of hours on most days. For the rest of the time, he is being surrounded by English sounds by his busy parents.
Fortunately, our perseverance is paying off. After eight months, he has been used to hearing Chinese sounds, and even he can now quite comfortably identify common everyday objects in Chinese.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了很多新加坡的华人让孩子学习汉语的情况。
5．Why is it becoming necessary for some Chinese Singaporean children to learn Chinese?
A．Because most of the Singaporeans come from China.
B．Because their parents are missing their motherland.
C．Because China has become a great political and economic superpower.
D．Because Chinese is the official language in the UN.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，中国的政治和经济地位的提高，使中国在世界上起着越来越重要的作用。这是促使新加坡的华人儿童学习汉语的主要原因。
6．The underlined word“bilingual”in Paragraph 1 probably means “__________”.
A．a person who knows English
B．a person who knows Chinese
C．a person who knows only one language
D．a person who knows two languages
D 解析：词义猜测题。第一段第一句提到，越来越多的接受英语教育的新加坡籍华人父母意识到孩子要同时掌握英语和汉语的重要性，因此bilingual应指“会两种语言的人”。
7．The author uses the example of teaching his grandson mainly to prove that ________.
A．there are challenges for children of English-speaking homes to learn Chinese
B．his foundation in Chinese is a big advantage in teaching his grandson
C．he is quite good at teaching small children Chinese
D．learning Chinese is very popular in Singapore
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段第二句可知对于一个处于英语环境的儿童，要掌握汉语需要克服很多困难和挑战。再根据第五段第三、四句可知，作者认为这是一项艰巨的任务，因为他的孙子每天大多数时间都和讲英语的父母待在一起。由此可知作者举这个例子的主要目的是证明第二段最后一句提出的观点，即“对于一个在英语环境下的儿童，要掌握汉语需要克服很多困难和挑战”。
8．We learn from the passage that ________.
A．all the children in Singapore need to learn Chinese
B．understanding Chinese is becoming an advantage in
Singapore
C．the author’s children know nothing about Chinese
D．the author feels it easy to teach others Chinese
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段第二句“Their foundation in Chinese has become an advantage in their adult life.”可知，作者的孩子们有一些汉语基础，这成为他们在生活中的优势，由此推知，在新加坡懂汉语正在成为一种优势。
C
Many people in high school cannot wait to go to college and leave their hometown behind. Questions arise, though, when it comes to all of the decisions involved in choosing a college.
One of the first considerations may be finance. State and public colleges are often the least expensive. Often, though, the better colleges are private and more expensive. It is sad when gifted students cannot attend a college of their choice just for financial reasons.
Another major factor is location. Whether the college is in a small town or a large city can have a major impact on its activities. A water lover probably will be more comfortable spending four years near an ocean or a lake. Those who cannot tolerate heat will probably be more comfortable at a northern college. Distance from home may also come into consideration. If family is a top priority, that person should stay close to home; on the other hand, if independence is desired, a campus farther from home would be more appropriate.
School size also plays a major role in the decision process. If you want to get to know your teachers, a small college is suitable. For those of you who consider yourself a“people__person” and want a wide range of activities, a large college is more fitting. Your area of interest is another factor to consider in the decision-making process if you want to get the most from your education. The whole point of college is to learn what is of interest to you.
Crucially(至关重要地), one must take into consideration the colleges by which you can realistically be accepted. An Ivy League school for an average student would probably not be a good match. Similarly, an average school for an above-average student would not work well. The college should provide enough of a challenge for the student to work hard. Although there may not be the perfect college out there, there probably will be one that is close. Those who cannot find a suitable college are probably not looking hard enough.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何正确选择适合自己的大学。
9．When it comes to going to college the author thinks ________．
A．financial situation is one of the factors to be considered first
B．students are unwilling to leave their home
C．students will become homesick
D．students are eager to attend their ideal university
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话One of the first considerations may be finance.可知，经济状况是首先要考虑的问题之一。
10．What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．Students can be independent at college.
B．A long distance will make students upset.
C．The location of the college is a main factor.
D．The climate must be taken into consideration.
C 解析：段落大意题。第三段讲述了大学所在城市的地理位置也是选择大学的一个主要因素，故选C项。
11．What does the underlined part “people person” in the passage mean?
A．A person of great capacity.
B．A very particular person.
C．A very sociable person.
D．A person of great importance.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的want a wide range of activities可知，画线词表示的是“在大学期间参加很多活动的人”，即喜欢社交的人。故选C项。
12．Which is the most important factor when choosing a college?
A．The location of a college.
B．The examination result.
C．School size.
D．The coming challenges.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句话可知，在所有的建议中，至关重要的是选择大学要现实一些，要考虑你能否被这所大学录取，因此要考虑个人成绩，故选B项。
七选五
Kids with Special Needs
Kids with special needs refer to any kid who might need extra help because of medical, emotional, or learning problems. For example, disabled kids need wheelchairs. They not only need the equipment that helps them get around, but they might need to have ramps(斜坡) or elevators available.1.________
Kids with an illness would have special needs, too.2.________ Kids with sight problems might need Braille books to read. Kids with hearing problems might need hearing aids.
3．________ It might be harder to do normal things—like learning to read or just getting around school. The good news is that parents, doctors, nurses, teachers, and others can help. The goal is to help kids be as independent as possible.
Other kids also can be a big help. How? By being a friend. Kids who use a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just as you do. But meeting people and making friends can be difficult. 4.________ Be sure to tell a teacher if you see someone being bullied(欺侮) or teased.
5．________ You might carry the person’s books or do something simple, such as asking him or her to join you and your friends at lunch. It’s also important not to be “overly helpful” when no help is needed. Why? Because just like you, kids with special needs like to be as independent as they can be.
Being friendly to kids with special needs is one of the best ways to be helpful. As you get to know, they may help you understand what it’s like to be in their shoes. And you’ll be helping fill a very special need, one that everybody has—the need for good friends.
A．Some kids might laugh at or make fun of them.
B．They also might need to get a special bus to school.
C．Life can be challenging for a kid with special needs.
D．It’s good manners to try to offer help to kids with special needs.
E．Also try to be helpful if you know someone with special needs.
F．Kids with special needs usually live a harder life than normal kids.
G．They might need medicine or other help as they go about their daily activities.
【解题导语】 本文是关于有特殊需要的孩子的文章。
1．B 解析：本段为全文的首段，主要解释kids with special needs的含义。根据前一句的主语they, 我们会首先想到B和G，但是本处举例的是有残疾的孩子，所以G的关联度不如B, B承接上句，继续说明残疾孩子的特殊需要，also表示添加，与此处语境吻合，故选B。
2．G 解析：根据首句可知，本段承接第一段继续说明“有特殊需要的孩子”的不同情况，B和 G与此关联。但对于“Kids with an illness”来说， G中的“medicine”显然比“get a special bus to school”更为合理，故选G。
3．C 解析：根据本段下文可知，本段的话题为“有特殊需要的孩子的生活相对艰难”， C和 F与此关联。 但 F的主语与下句不一致，让人感觉话题的中心变化太突然，而 C中的 life显然与下句主语It一致，较好地保持话题一致，有利于突出“中心话题”，故选 C。
4．A 解析：从本段开始，文章就如何帮助有特殊需要的孩子进行说明。上句说：和人见面和交友，对于这些孩子来说，可能会有难度。原因何在？显然 A 是最好的解释或说明，且 A 中的“laugh at or make fun of”与下句的“bullied(欺侮) or teased”吻合，故选 A。
5．E 解析：分析本文的语篇结构可知，首段就“kids with special needs”的含义做出解释，第二段是就不同类型的情况做进一步的说明，第三段呼吁人们对这些孩子给予关爱和帮助。第四、五段则就如何帮助提出建议。本段的中心话题是如何帮助，D和 E有关联，但 D更像是评论，而不是指引，且 E中的“to be helpful” 与下文一致，故选 E。
B卷
阅读理解
A university in southwest China’s Chongqing City set up a reading room as part of a campaign(活动) that stops students from taking their mobile phones with them in case the device distracts(使分心) them from concentrating on their studies.
Reportedly a student named Hu Xiaopeng participating in the campaign studied 530 minutes without using his mobile phone.Unlike Hu，another one picked up his mobile phone in less than 20 minutes.“Having seen many students use their mobile phones in the library，a habit that shortens their study time and negatively impacts their learning，we decided to open this reading room，” said Zhang Shuran，the person responsible for the project at the university.
Zhang added that students can keep their phones in appointed bags with numbers on them.The bags are placed on a desk near the door of the reading room.“Staff members at the reading room will check the phones when there’s a call，”said Zhang，adding that they will inform students when their parents or teachers call them，but will not tell students if an unknown person is calling or when there is a text message.Based on the time students hand in their phones when they come to the reading room and the time they get them back when they leave the room，Hu Xiaopeng from College of Animal Science and Technology of the university set a record of the longest time.Hu spent 530 minutes studying without using his phone.Though feeling somewhat surprised，Hu said，“It’s bad to keep mobile phone with you when you are reading or studying.”
The campaign has attracted nearly 200 students since it was launched a week ago.Some Internet users praised the campaign.One user named Liu Jingchang said, “It’s good.I don’t bring my phone when going to the library in case I get distracted.”
【解题导语】 这篇文章主要讲了为了帮助学生专注于他们的学习，重庆市开了一家阅览室，要求学生不能把手机带入，并开展了竞赛，其中，胡晓鹏同学坚持学习将近九个小时没有使用手机。
1．Why is the reading room opened in Chongqing City?
A．To prevent students using mobile phones in the library.
B．To help students focus on their studies.
C．To prevent the mobile phones from being stolen.
D．To encourage students to read more books.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段的内容可知重庆市开这家阅览室的原因是帮助学生专注于他们的学习，故选B。
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A．The bags are on the desk near the students.
B．The time when the mobile phones are put in the bags is recorded.
C．The student will be informed if a stranger calls him.
D．Hu Xiaopeng thinks the campaign is a bad idea.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第三段的“Based on the time students hand in their phones when they come to the reading room and the time they get them back when they leave the room”可知手机被放入包里的时间是有记录的，故选B。
3．What is the attitude of the Internet users toward the reading room?
A．Cautious. B．Supportive.
C．Doubtful. D．Anxious.
B 解析：观点态度题。由“Some Internet users praised the campaign.One user named Liu Jingchang said，‘It’s good.I don’t bring my phone when going to the library in case I get distracted.’”可知一些网民对于这间阅览室持支持态度，故选B。
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．New methods to attract students to read.
B．The harm of mobile phones.
C．A reading room aiming to concentrate students on their studies is set up.
D．Students are encouraged to study with their mobile phones.
C 解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了为了帮助学生专注于他们的学习，重庆市开了一家阅览室，要求学生不能把手机带入，故选C。
完形填空
It was a bright sunny day, and the terrible experience happened when I was studying in Bangalore. One day, I got a call from my mom that my brother’s __1__ was fixed and they were arranging the wedding ceremony in the next few days.My __2__ was pretty far. So the next thing I was __3__ to do was to book my __4__ ticket as there was no direct flight to my hometown. The __5__ was done by an agent in my neighborhood. I paid the whole amount __6__. But when the day approached the __7__ disappeared, leaving me without the train ticket, and thus __8__ all my travel plan.
But as it is said, once you face such __9__ situations, you realize your inner strength. I __10__ decided I would complete my whole journey by bus. Without further __11__， I took a bus to the first city stop. The next bus was again not __12__—it was 8 hours to a city near my hometown, where my aunt lived. They were also going to __13__ my brother’s wedding ceremony. So I called them and __14__ them to accommodate me. They __15__. Half the battle was won.
Then next day, I was just a few hours from my hometown. When my aunt’s family and I were boarding our car, my __16__ asked me to switch places with her.
The journey continued. We were trying to overtake(超越) another car when __17__ a truck appeared in front of us and we went directly head on in front of it. We __18__ with the truck. In this accident, almost everyone in our car was __19__. Fortunately, I didn’t have any injury, __20__ my cousin who switched places with me was seriously injured!
【解题导语】 为参加哥哥的结婚仪式，作者坐公交车辗转回家，上演了真实版“人在囧途”。
1．A.trip B．position
C．marriage D．graduation
C 解析：根据下文“they were arranging the wedding ceremony in the next few days”可知，妈妈打电话告诉“我”，哥哥要结婚了。
2．A.school B．station
C．dormitory D．hometown
D 解析：根据下文“there was no direct flight to my hometown”可知，此处是说，“我”的家乡在很远的地方。
3．A.supposed B．forced
C．persuaded D．convinced
A 解析：从这儿到“我”的家乡没有直达的航班，所以“我”得坐火车回去，“我”接下来应该做的事就是赶紧预订火车票，下文“the train ticket”提示是火车票。
4．A.ship B．train
C．flight D．bus
B 解析：参见上题解析。
5．A.booking B．learning
C．calculating D．driving
A 解析：订票的事交给一个代理人。上文“book”有提示。
6．A.by accident B．at random
C．in advance D．on purpose
C 解析：订票要提前支付钱款。
7．A.passenger B．guard
C．customer D．agent
D 解析：根据下文“disappeared, leaving me without the train ticket”可知，那个代理人不见了，“我”没有拿到票。
8．A.ruining B．finishing
C．forgetting D．dropping
A 解析：没拿到回家的火车票，“我”的计划全毁了。
9．A.common B．tough
C．funny D．hopeful
B 解析：从上文“我”的遭遇看得出“我”面对的情况很棘手。
10．A.fortunately B．immediately
C．patiently D．occasionally
B 解析：时间有限，所以“我”立刻决定倒几趟公交车回去。
11．A.explanation B．discussion
C．notice D．delay
D 解析：不再过多耽搁，“我”立刻坐上了一班开往第一个中转城市的公交车。
12．A.busy B．available
C．direct D．free
C 解析：根据下文“it was 8 hours to a city near my hometown”可知，下一趟公交车通往“我”家乡附近的城市，依旧没有直达的车。
13．A.watch B．visit
C．design D．attend
D 解析：“我”的姑姑一家也要去参加“我”哥哥的婚礼。
14．A.permitted B．asked
C．assisted D．guided
B 解析：“我”给他们打了电话，希望能借宿一晚。
15．A.prepared B．arrived
C．agreed D．ignored
C 解析：根据下文“我”与姑姑一家人一同出发可知，他们同意“我”借宿。
16．A.aunt B．mother
C．daughter D．cousin
D 解析：根据下文“my cousin who switched places with me was seriously injured”可知，“我”的表姐要跟“我”换座位。
17．A.closely B．suddenly
C．eventually D．gradually
B 解析：正要超车，突然对面出现一辆货车。
18．A.crashed B．practiced
C．combined D．met
A 解析：“我”们坐的车和一辆货车相撞了。
19．A.saved B．beaten
C．injured D．punished
C 解析：几乎全车人都受伤了，而“我”一点伤都没有。
20．A.but B．and
C．if D．so
A 解析：“我”没有受伤，但跟“我”换位置的表姐受伤了，前后为转折关系。
语法填空
A friend’s grandfather came to America from Eastern Europe. After 1.____________(settle) down at Ellis Island, he went into a cafeteria in Manhattan to get something 2.____________(eat). He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order. Of course nobody did.3.____________(final), a woman with a tray full of food sat down opposite him and informed him 4.____________ a cafeteria worked.
“Start out at that end，” she said. “Just go along the line and pick out what you want. At 5.____________ other end they’ll tell you how much you have to pay.”
“I soon 6.____________ (learn) how everything works in America，” the grandfather told the friend. “Life’s a cafeteria here. You can get everything you want as long as you are 7.____________ (will) to pay the price. You can even get success，8.____________ you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.”
You can’t change the inevitable. The only thing you can do 9.____________ to control your attitude. Once you reach that point in life, happiness and 10.____________(satisfy) can’t be too far away.
【解题导语】 人生就像自助餐厅，你必须勤劳，必须自己去追求，这样你才能够成功。
1．settling 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后跟动词-ing形式，且settle与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，所以用settling。
2．to eat 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作定语。
3．Finally 解析：考查副词。副词作状语。
4．how 解析：考查连接词。根据第二段可知那位妇女告诉他自助餐厅是“如何”工作的，所以用how。
5．the 解析：考查冠词。前面提到Start out at that end，这里说“在另一头”，应该是the other end。
6．learned 解析：考查时态。根据语境应该用一般过去时。
7．willing 解析：考查形容词。be willing to do sth.愿意做某事。
8．but 解析：考查连词。前后两个分句之间是转折关系，故用but。
9．is 解析：考查系动词。分析句子结构可知缺谓语，主语是the only thing，结合上下文时态，此处填is构成系表结构。
10．satisfaction 解析：考查名词。and连接的两个并列成分，因为happiness是名词，所以此处也应该是名词，即satisfaction。
课件40张PPT。Unit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningUnit 15 LearningSection Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The teacher has made a few ____________(改正) in your essay already.
答案：corrections
2．She ____________(简化) the instructions so that the children could understand them.
答案：simplified
3．There are some ____________(拼写) mistakes in your sentences and you’d better be more careful.
答案：spelling
4．There was a ____________(茫然的) look on the boy’s face.
答案：blank
5．Women’s social ____________(地位) has changed much over the years.
答案：status
6．All children ____________(教导) in the use of the library in this school.
答案：are instructed
7．It is said that some treasures ____________(埋葬) under the tree twenty years ago.
答案：were buried
8．As the ____________(谚语) goes，“Time and tide wait for no man.”
答案：saying
9．The boy learned to ____________(辨别) a great variety of birds，animals and plants.
答案：distinguish
10．The girl wanted a job with a more ____________(稳定的) future.
答案：secure
单句改错
1．The policeman suspected the young man for breaking the windows.____________________
答案：for→of
2．Burying in his games, the boy forgot everything else.____________________
答案：Burying→Buried
3．He asked me to get dressing and go with him.____________________
答案：dressing→dressed
4．She stood there as if she was an old statue.____________________
答案：was→were
5．It’s high time that the mother takes some measures to deal with her son.____________________
答案：takes→took/should take
完成句子
1．这个留着长头发的年轻男子看起来好像是个女人。
The young man with long hair looks as if ________________________．
答案：he were a woman
2．这个受伤的人表现得好像什么事也没发生一样。
The injured man acted as if ________________________．
答案：nothing had happened (to him)
3．他太疲倦不能再往前走了。
He was ________________ go any farther.
答案：too tired to
4．年轻的母亲非常急切地想见到自己的儿子。
The young mother was ________________ see her son.
答案：too anxious to
5．你该回家看看父母了。
It is high time that ______________________________________________________.
答案：you went home to see your parents
课文语法填空
The Importance of Life-long Learning
Sun Wen is 28 years old.After she failed in the college entrance exam she has been studying for a degree while 1.____________(keep) a secure full-time job，and she is about to graduate now.She has a new 2.____________(qualify) which makes her promoted at work.Her advice for us is 3.____________ “It’s never too late to learn.”Ms Tang is 45 years old.When she knew that she would be laid off，her mind went blank and her heart 4.____________(swell) with anger.She 5.____________(suspect) that it was not right for the company to lay her off because the workers would have stayed in the company till 6.____________(retire) if they had worked for it for over 20 years.Grandpa Chen is 75 years old.He is teaching himself new tricks every day，which certainly proves the 7.____________(say) “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks”not true.He had been sending letters 8.____________ airmail to his daughter in the US once a week，but 9.____________(late) the postage went up，which made him become 10.____________ Internet user.
答案：1.keeping 2.qualification 3.that 4.swelled
5．suspected 6.retirement 7.saying 8.by 9.later 10.an
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The police said that he had ____________(connect) with the murder case.
答案：connection
2．When I went to see him, he ____________(bury) in a new novel.
答案：was buried
3．There is no doubt that global warming is a ____________(secure) threat to us all.
答案：security
4．He turned a deaf ear to the ____________ (instruct) given by the teacher.
答案：instructions
5．The company has laid ____________ a large number of workers because of the crisis.
答案：off
6．Aside ____________ the big house, the man has two big gardens in the countryside.
答案：from
7．Most of the students suspected the girl ____________ stealing the new pen.
答案：of
8．I think it is high time that you ____________(make) up your mind.
答案：made/should make
9．The boy is jumping there, as if he ____________(be) a monkey.
答案：were
10．There is little time left. You’d better get ____________(dress) now.
答案：dressed
阅读理解
As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.
Procrastination(拖延症) is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely are doing nothing either.
Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell(魔咒)．
According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.
Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.
Pelling also points out that procrastinators feel particularly delinquent(过失的) in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.
Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了“拖延症”。拖延症是偷走时间的贼，有拖延习惯的学生往往花一整天时间发呆、吃零食、上网，而不完成学习任务。
1．Which behavior belongs to procrastination?
A．Never dream away the time.
B．Always complete the tasks ahead of time.
C．Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.
D．Always wait to work until the“good mood”or“good time”．
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段的“They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos”可知，有拖延习惯的学生，不会提前，甚至是按时完成任务，他们总是让时间白白流逝，排除A、B、C，故选D。
2．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．Procrastination makes people waste their time.
B．Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.
C．Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.
D．Procrastination is common among people.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段的“Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time.”可知，当学生把事情拖延到最后一刻再去完成时，由于时间仓促，他们会出现很多错误，故选C。
3．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A．Ways to handle the study pressures.
B．Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.
C．More examples to illustrate procrastination.
D．Measures to deal with procrastination.
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的“he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand”可知，接下来会介绍社会学家Piers Steel应对拖延的方法，故选D。
完形填空
It was silent in Mom’s hospital room.Only the sound of her heart monitor interrupted the __1__ moments of what seemed to be a peaceful sleep.It had been several hours since her operation.I wanted her to wake up.I needed to __2__ to her.Last night, I shouted at her because she had allowed my __3__ sister to visit her when she had __4__ our mom for years.
“Shame on you！” she had said firmly. “Moms don’t stop __5__ their children just because one of them chose to leave her.A mother always loves more than she’s loved __6__．”
I thought, “Shame on you! When I do something wrong or when a friend is __7__ to her, that’s all she will ever say.How about standing up for your __8__ for once, Mom？”
My mom’s groaning(呻吟) broke my __9__. She couldn’t speak, __10__ her eyes were moving, looking for something.She __11__ her notebook and pen next to her bed.I gently handed them to her.She __12__ slowly, and then turned the notebook around for me to read.
“I forgive you，” it __13__．
Tears ran down my face.I felt __14__．As I began to speak, I was __15__ by the loud arguing of two seemingly angry nurses on the opposite side of the room.My mom suddenly began writing on her notebook, and then stopped to __16__ the piece of paper.She handed it to me, signaling me to give it to the nurses.They read it, looked __17__ at my mom and quietly left the room.
“What did you write, Mom？” I asked.
She smiled sweetly but said nothing. __18__， I knew what she had written on that piece of paper.How __19__ those three little words are!
I kissed my mom goodbye and __20__ to find my sister.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者因母亲让多年前抛弃她的妹妹来看她而吵架，导致母亲住院。母亲清醒后，虽口不能言，却原谅了作者，作者感到十分羞愧。母亲用“真丢脸”三个字劝走了正在吵架的护士，使作者认识到母亲对子女的爱，决定去和妹妹缓和关系。
1．A.quiet B．long
C．sweet D．important
A 解析：前面一句提到病房里很沉默，由此可知是安静的环境。
2．A.explain B．agree
C．refer D．apologize
D 解析：后面提到我向她大声喊叫，因此这里道歉符合语境。
3．A.selfish B．poor
C．weak D．jealous
A 解析：后面提到妹妹抛弃妈妈很多年，可知妹妹是自私的。selfish“自私的”；poor “贫穷的”；weak “虚弱的”；jealous“嫉妒的”。
4．A.attacked B．hurt
C．abandoned D．criticized
C 解析：句意：她已经抛弃了我们的妈妈多年。attack“攻击”；hurt“伤害”；abandon“抛弃”；criticize“批评”。故选C。
5．A.helping B．missing
C．loving D．protecting
C 解析：根据常理可知母亲是爱孩子的，即使孩子选择离开她。故选C。
6．A.in place B．in turn
C．in time D．in return
D 解析：句意：妈妈的爱总比她得到的爱要多。in place“适当”；in turn“轮流”；in time“及时”；in return“作为报答”。 故选D。
7．A.unkind B．special
C．strange D．new
A 解析：句意是：当我做错了什么或者当一个朋友对她不好时，她会说。unkind“不友善的；不厚道的”；special“特殊的”；strange“奇怪的”；new “新的”。故选A。
8．A.family B．children
C．rights D．freedom
C 解析：句意：这一次站出来维护你的权利怎么样，妈妈？故选C。
9．A.promise B．sleep
C．words D．concentration
D 解析：前文提到我正在专注于想和妈妈发生的事情，此处妈妈的呻吟打断了我的专注。故选D。
10．A.and B．but
C．since D．so
B 解析：句意：她不能说话，但是眼睛移动，找什么东西似的。故选B。
11．A.pointed to B．picked up
C．looked through D．reached for
A 解析：后面说我递给她笔记本和笔，可知是母亲指向笔记本和笔。故选A。
12．A.said B．wrote
C．read D．moved
B 解析：根据常理可知拿到笔和本后是写字。故选B。
13．A.wrote B．said
C．told D．suggested
B 解析：句意：笔记本上写着“我原谅你！”say这里是“写着，内容是”的含义。故选B。
14．A.annoyed B．worried
C．ashamed D．confused
C 解析：前面提到作者泪流满面，四选项中只有C项符合语境。annoyed“恼怒的”；worried “担心的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；confused“困惑的”。故选C。
15．A.kept B．frightened
C．angered D．interrupted
D 解析：句意：当我正要说话时，被两个在房间对面生气的大声争吵的护士打断了。故选D。
16．A.check over B．stare at
C．tear off D．take out
C 解析：句意：妈妈先是在笔记本上写字，写完后撕下那张纸。check over“检查”；stare at“凝视”；tear off“撕下”；take out“取出”。故选C。
17．A.proudly B．gratefully
C．coldly D．carefully
B 解析：后面说安静地离开，可知情绪变好了，四选项中只有B符合语境。故选B。
18．A.Suddenly B．Finally
C．Gradually D．Clearly
A 解析：句意：她甜甜地笑了，但什么也没说。突然，我知道她写在纸上的话了。故选A。
19．A.easy B．typical
C．exact D．powerful
D 解析：争吵的人平静离开，由此可知这句话的强大力量。故选D。
20．A.left B．tried
C．called D．expected
A 解析：前一句说吻别，因此可知作者是要离开。故选A。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Chinese writer Mo Yan’s Nobel Prize for Literature might ignite an explosion of global interest in Chinese literature and lead to more titles translated into English, European experts say.
“Hopefully, the award means more people will read Chinese literature and more works will get translated，” says Michel Hockx, professor of the Languages and Cultures of China and Inner Asia from University of London. “Many very good Chinese writers have been accepted globally for a long time already. Mo Yan is probably the most translated Chinese writer alive, with at least five of his novels made available in English over the past 20 years.”
Jonathan Ruppin, web editor of bookseller Foyles, says Mo’s win coincides with growing interest in Chinese literature and recognizes the talents of a distinctive and visionary writer. “We are very excited by the fact that English translations of more of his books should now become available，” Ruppin says. He made the comment after Mo became the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in its century-long history.
As East-West cultural exchange has been booming, Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention in recent years. Hockx explains, “It’s mainly because there are many more opportunities for Chinese writers to visit other countries, to publish their works outside China and to interact with readers abroad. At the same time, more and more people globally are learning Chinese and taking an interest in the Chinese language and culture.”
University of Oxford lecturer in modern Chinese literature Margaret Hillenbrand says, “The obvious reason for the growing global presence of Chinese literature is the growing global presence of China itself. People have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit(缺少) between China and its international counterparts—in particular，China__knows__incomparably(无比地)____more__about__Europe__and__America__than__the__other__way__round—and reading Chinese literature is an effective, simple means of solving that gap.”
【解题导语】 文章介绍了莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖之后，在世界范围内引起了中国文化热，他的很多作品已经或即将翻译成多种语言，同时也加强了东西方文化的交流，促进了东西方之间的了解。
1．The underlined word “ignite” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．start out B．burn up
C．set off D．appeal to
C 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段第一句可知，中国作家莫言诺贝尔文学奖的获得促进了全球对中国文化兴趣的大发展。ignite可理解为对中国文化兴趣的大爆发时期。选项的意思为start out “出发，着手进行”； burn up “燃烧起来，烧掉”； set off “引起，使爆炸”；appeal to “呼吁，上诉”。
2．Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention mainly because ________．
A．Chinese writers have been writing more and more books in English
B．the Chinese language has become the most widely used language in the world
C．the Chinese government attaches great importance to
literature
D．the cultural communication between China and western
countries has developed
D 解析：推理判断题。由第四段可知，中国文化正在吸引着全球的关注，其主要原因是中国的作家有了更多的机会去国外交流，出版他们的作品。同时在世界范围内也出现了学习中国的语言和文化热。所以答案为D。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Chinese literature has spread with the development of China.
B．The Nobel Prize for Literature has a history of hundreds of years.
C．In the past, no Chinese writers were accepted outside China.
D．Foreigners know about China mainly by reading Mo Yan’s works.
A 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句话可知，中国文化在全球地位变化是与中国自身在国际中的地位分不开的。因此选A。
4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A．China knows more about Europe and America than before.
B．China knows more about Europe and America than they know about China.
C．China, Europe and America know one another more than before.
D．Compared with America, China knows more about Europe.
B 解析：句意理解题。由“People have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit(缺少) between China and its international counterparts—in particular, China__knows__incomparably(无比地)__more__about__Europe__and__America__than__the__other__way__round—and reading Chinese literature is an effective, simple means of solving that gap.”可知，人们逐渐意识到，对中国的文化和他的国际角色缺乏了解，中国人理解欧洲和美国要比他们理解中国要多。——读中国文学作品是一个有效的方式去弥补这一点，故选B。
B
When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(图章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.
What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn’t being “replaced”. We’d been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we’d lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.
Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.
Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn’t my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.
Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside.
The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. They’d had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.
And it still fits me.
【解题导语】 作者13岁生日时得到了一枚刻有她姓名首字母的戒指作为生日礼物，但是后来弄丢了。多年之后，当年买房子的人又找到了她的戒指并还给了她。
5．The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
A．fashionable B．available
C．practical D．renewable
A 解析：词义猜测题。fashionable时尚的；available有效的，可利用的；practical实用的；renewable可再生的。根据下文的“it seemed every girl except me had one”可知，除我之外好像每个女孩都有，所以应该是比较时尚流行的，故选A。
6．When she got the ring back, the writer was about ________．
A．13 years old B．15 years old
C．26 years old D．28 years old
D 解析：推理判断题。作者13岁生日时得到了这枚戒指，2年后搬家离开，13年后当初买房子的人把戒指还给她，所以这时作者应是28岁，故选D。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The writer’s family moved several times.
B．The writer never stopped looking for her ring.
C．The writer’s ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.
D．The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Years passed, and a couple of moves later”可知，作者家搬了好几次家，故选A。
8．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．My New Ring
B．Lost and Found
C．Lost and Replaced
D．An Expensive Ring
B 解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述的是作者把戒指丢了，但是多年之后当初买房子的人又找到还给了她，所以用B项最为贴切。
七选五
What is a big dream？1.________ Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.
The Self
Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it can’t happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It is there for protecting and should be listened to. Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong. 2.________
That’s why only a handful of people make their dream come true.
3．________
Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.
The World
If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 4.________ In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.
The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well.5.________
A．How Big Dreams Die
B．Family and Friends
C．They simply fail until they succeed.
D．Does a big dream show one’s future?
E．Most people are influenced by the inside voice.
F．It is the last and the most terrible barrier.
G．And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是宏大的梦想以及实现它会遇到的一些障碍。
1．D 解析：下文“Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment？”(或者说宏大的梦能够提供你的仅是娱乐？)与D在语义上形成并列，故选D。
2．E 解析：该段主要叙述自我带给自己的一些影响，E项意为：大部分人受这种内部声音的影响，其中inside voice是线索特征词，故选E。
3．B 解析：本段第一句“Family and friends are a lot like the ego.”就提到了家人和朋友，因此B项家人和朋友概括准确，故选B。
4．F 解析：上文说“If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world.”(如果一个人已经通过了前两个障碍，将面对的就是外面的世界。)，与F项(那是最后一个也是最糟糕的障碍)语义衔接，故选F。
5．C 解析：上文说“every great dreamer... knows failure well”(每一个伟大的梦想家都很清楚失败)与C项(他们只是在失败直到成功)语义衔接，故选C。
短文改错
Last week my parents and I took a two-days trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain in all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was almost noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good. I was very tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.
答案：
Last week my parents and I took a trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was almost noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys， temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking since the scenery was so beautiful. The time quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive the service was good. I was tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow.
Section Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Points
1．secure adj. 稳定的；无忧无虑的
2．blank adj. 空白的
3．suspect v. 怀疑
4．status n. 现状；社会地位
5．postage n. 邮费
6．bury vt. 埋葬
7．distinguish vt. 区别，辨别
8．backwards adv. 由后向前地
9．alphabet n. 字母表
10．spelling n．拼写→spell vt.拼写
11．correction n．改正，改进→correct vt.改正；纠正adj.正确的
12．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.仅仅，只
13．chief adj.最高级别的→chiefly adv.主要地
14．instruct v．指导，教导→instruction n．指导；说明
1．frankly__speaking 坦率地说
2．aside__from 除……之外
3．lay__off 裁员；解雇
4．dream__of 梦想
5．set__up 建立
6．go__up 上升，上涨
7．switch__off 关闭
8．break__out 爆发
1．too...to... 太……而不能……
It’s never too__late__to__learn(太晚而不能学习)．
2．be about to do sth. 正要做某事，将要做某事
Now I’m__about__to__graduate__from(我即将从……毕业) the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.
3．as if 似乎，好像
I felt as__if__I__had__done(自己似乎做了……) something wrong!
4. It was time (that)．.. 是该……了
I decided that it__was__time__I__became(是我成为……的时候了) an Internet user.
get promoted 得到提升
①(教材P36)Because of my new qualification，I’m getting promoted at work.
由于我取得了新的资格证，因此我在工作中得到提升。
②If you keep on doing like that, you will get punished.
如果你一直那样做，你会受到惩罚的。
“get done”表示被动，常见的有：
get punished 受到惩罚
get hurt 受到伤害
get admitted 被录取
get married 结婚
get annoyed 生气
get excited 激动
get separated 被分开
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The mother has always tried to prevent her children getting hurt(hurt)．
(2)Two years later they got married(marry) and then had a child.
(3)If you are always late for class, our teacher will get annoyed(annoy)．
(4)When my classmates and I entered the hall, we got separated(separate)．
和“be＋过去分词”一样，“get＋过去分词”也能用于被动结构和系表结构。用于被动结构时，它强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，它强调状态的变化。
secure adj.稳定的，安全的，可靠的，无忧无虑的 vt.使安全
①(教材P36)I decided to give myself a second chance by studying for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a secure full-time job.
我决定再给自己一次机会，在做一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末的时间学习以取得学位。
②(名人名言)Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction，there is no life.
—Leo Tolstoy 理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向；没有方向，就没有生活。——列夫·托尔斯泰
③Secure all the doors and windows before leaving the house.
离家前，关好所有的门窗。
(1)be secure about 对……放心
be secure of 确信
be secure from/against... 保护……免受……
(2)secure...against... 保护……免受……
(3)security n. 安全，平安
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The boy is confident and is secure of his success.
(2)No shop can be completely secure from/against theft.
(3)What I need now is the security(secure) of a happy home.
frankly speaking... 坦白地说……
①(教材P36)Frankly speaking，the last four years have been hard work...
坦白地说，过去这四年过得很艰难……
②Frankly speaking, I thought little of the TV play.
说实话，我对这部电视剧评价很低。
honestly speaking...(＝to be honest...)
说实话……
generally speaking... 一般来说……
exactly speaking... 确切地说……
strictly speaking... 严格地说……
personally speaking... 就我个人而言……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Generally(general) speaking, boys like football better than girls.
(2)Exactly(exact) speaking，the plane will take off at 4：45 this afternoon.
(3)Strictly(strict) speaking, there is no evidence that shows that he is guilty.
(4)Personally(person) speaking, I prefer the yellow coat of the left.
部分非谓语结构作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，经常用作插入语，是书面表达中常用的关联词。
lay off 裁员；解雇；休息；停止工作
①(教材P36)Three months ago，when my manager told me that I would be laid off，my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.
三个月前，当我的经理告诉我，我将要下岗时，我的大脑一片空白，心中充满愤怒。
②They had to cut back production and lay off workers.
他们不得不削减产量，解雇工人。
③I think you’d better lay off fatty foods for a while.
我认为你最好暂时别吃高脂食物了。
lay sth.aside 把某物放在一边；储存
lay sth.down 献出；放下；阐述，声明
lay out 摆出；安排；布置
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)他喝完了茶，并把杯子搁在一边。
He finished the tea and laid__the__cup__aside．
(2)政府督促这些士兵放下武器。
The government urged the soldiers to lay__down the weapons.
(3)我把我的衣服全都准备好，然后摊开放在床上。
I had my dress all ready and laid__it__out on the bed.
suspect v．怀疑；猜疑；猜想 n．嫌疑犯
①(教材P36)I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well...
我猜想他们解雇我是因为公司的经营效益不佳……
②After the shooting happened, the police arrested the suspect.
枪击案发生后，警方逮捕了嫌疑犯。
suspect that... 怀疑……
suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……
suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Honestly speaking, I suspect the plan to__be(be) not practical.
(2)What made you suspect the little child of having stolen the money?
instruct v．指示；指导；告知；命令；教导；教授
①(教材P36)I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.
我让我的孙子教我如何收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。
②The old teachers instruct the young teachers not only in words but also by deeds.
这些老教师对年轻的教师言传身教。
(1)instruct sb. to do sth. 指示某人做某事
instruct that sb. (should) do sth.
命令/指示……
(2)instruction n. 教训；指示；用法说明(常
用复数)
(3)instructive adj. 有教育意义的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)He instructed me to__handle(handle) the matter immediately.
(2)The judge instructed that the witness (should)__tell(tell) the truth.
(3)Follow the instructions(instruct) on the packet carefully.
(4)The doctor instructed the patient to take medicine by the instructions．(instruct)
aside from 除……之外(还有)；既……又……
①(教材P36)And aside from emailing，it’s fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam.
除了收发电子邮件，我用网上镜头看到了在美国的外孙们并且同他们谈话，太有趣了。
②Aside from motorcars，the factory turns out bicycles.
除了汽车之外，这家工厂还生产自行车。
aside from＝apart from, 在不同语境中意义也有所不同。根据语境的变化，它可以相当于except/except for 除……以外；也可相当于in addition to, besides表示“除……之外还”。
but
“除了……”， 表示从整体中除去一部分，排除或不包括在内
besides
“除……之外(还有)”，包括在整体内
except
“除……之外”，与but同义，表示从整体中除去，不包括在内
except for
“美中不足，除了……以外”，表示一种惋惜
aside from
“除……以外(还有); 除去”，相当于apart from, 既可指包含在内，也可以指排除在外
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)盒子里除了这张卡什么都没有。
There is nothing in the box but/except the card.
(2)除了有些缺点，他是一位值得信任的老师。
Aside__from/Except__for a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.
(3)除了音乐，我们还有很多共同点。
We have lots of things in common besides music.
bury vt.埋葬，埋藏；专心致志于
①(教材P36)So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.
许多人认为退休后你能做的就是封闭大脑，埋葬所学过的任何东西。
②He is burying himself in his books，paying no attention to anything else.
他埋头于书本，其他事一概不问。
③Many workers were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
矿上发生意外事故时，许多矿工都被埋在了地下。
bury oneself in (doing) sth.
＝be buried in (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)You’ll have to bury yourself(you) in your studies if you want to pass the entrance examinations.
(2)Buried(bury) in the interesting TV program，I didn’t hear the doorbell ringing.
[能力提升]——句型转换
(3)After the divorce，she buried herself in her work.
→After the divorce，she was__buried__in her work.
(4)Since she left，he has given all his attention to writing a book.
→Since she left，he has buried__himself__in writing a book.
distinguish vt.区别，辨别
①(教材P37)If the room had not been dark，he could have distinguished the two pictures.
如果不是屋子里的光线太暗的话，他本可以区分那两幅画的。
②They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
它们甚至能分辨出母亲的声音和陌生雌鸟的声音。
③I could not distinguish her face in the darkness.
我在黑暗中看不清她的脸。
(1)distinguish sb./sth.from sb./sth.
把某人/某物与某人/某物区分开
distinguish between A and B 区别A和B
distinguish...by... 因……而出名
(2)distinguished adj. 著名的；卓著的；高贵的
be distinguished for 因……而著名
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.
(2)As we all know, Wang Yi is a distinguished(distinguish) politician.
[能力提升]——句型转换
(3)The boy could not distinguish cotton from wool.
→The boy could not distinguish__between cotton and wool.
(4)The college distinguishes itself by its abundant teaching resources.
→The college is__distinguished__for its abundant teaching resources.
(教材P36)It’s never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。
(1)too...to...为常用句型，表示“太……而不能……”，to...为动词不定式，表示结果。
(2)在too前面有not，never，only，but等词修饰时，这个句型表示肯定意义。
(3)当too...to...结构中有表示心情的形容词或副词，如：ready，eager，satisfied，kind，willing，easy，anxious等时，形容词或副词和动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的结构，其后的不定式修饰形容词或副词，而不再表示结果；这时的too相当于very。
①She is too careless to notice it.
她太粗心了，没有注意到它。
②I am but too glad to__do(do) so.
我非常喜欢这样做。
③Comrade Lei Feng was too__ready__to__help others.
雷锋同志非常乐于助人。
④I shall be only too pleased to____get(get) home.
到了家我将非常高兴。
(教材P36)I felt as if I had done something wrong!
我感觉自己似乎做错了什么！
as if/though意为“好像”，在句中引导方式状语从句。as if/though的用法如下：
类型
表语从句
接在look，seem等动词之后
状语从句
接在常见的实义动词之后
从句语气及时态
陈述语气
所述是真实的或极有可能发生
虚拟语气
所述不真实或极少有可能发生
与现在事实相反
过去时(be动词常用were)
与过去事实相反
过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反
过去将来时
(would/could/might do)
Tom is not very delighted. It seems as if/though he has a conflict with his friend.
汤姆不太高兴，看起来好像与朋友有了冲突。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The child talks to us as if/though he were(be) a grown-up.
(2)He talks about Rome as if/though he had__been(be) there before.
(教材P36)I decided that it was time I became an Internet user. 我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。
(1)It is/was (high) time (that)．..意为：到了……的时候了。从句的谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”， should 不能省略。
(2)It is time for sb. to do sth.到了某人做某事的时候了。
(3)It is the first time that...第一次做某事……。从句谓语动词用现在完成时。主句谓语动词用was时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。
Boys, it’s high time that you went to bed.
孩子们，你们该睡觉了。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)It is time for the young people to__stand(stand) on their feet.
(2)It is the first time that I have__seen(see) a camel.
(3)That was the second time that she had__ridden(ride) a horse.
品句填词
1．The teacher has made a few ____________(改正) in your essay already.
答案：corrections
2．She ____________(简化) the instructions so that the children could understand them.
答案：simplified
3．There are some ____________(拼写) mistakes in your sentences and you’d better be more careful.
答案：spelling
4．There was a ____________(茫然的) look on the boy’s face.
答案：blank
5．Women’s social ____________(地位) has changed much over the years.
答案：status
6．All children ____________(教导) in the use of the library in this school.
答案：are instructed
7．It is said that some treasures ____________(埋葬) under the tree twenty years ago.
答案：were buried
8．As the ____________(谚语) goes，“Time and tide wait for no man.”
答案：saying
9．The boy learned to ____________(辨别) a great variety of birds，animals and plants.
答案：distinguish
10．The girl wanted a job with a more ____________(稳定的) future.
答案：secure
单句改错
1．The policeman suspected the young man for breaking the windows.____________________
答案：for→of
2．Burying in his games, the boy forgot everything else.____________________
答案：Burying→Buried
3．He asked me to get dressing and go with him.____________________
答案：dressing→dressed
4．She stood there as if she was an old statue.____________________
答案：was→were
5．It’s high time that the mother takes some measures to deal with her son.____________________
答案：takes→took/should take
完成句子
1．这个留着长头发的年轻男子看起来好像是个女人。
The young man with long hair looks as if ________________________．
答案：he were a woman
2．这个受伤的人表现得好像什么事也没发生一样。
The injured man acted as if ________________________．
答案：nothing had happened (to him)
3．他太疲倦不能再往前走了。
He was ________________ go any farther.
答案：too tired to
4．年轻的母亲非常急切地想见到自己的儿子。
The young mother was ________________ see her son.
答案：too anxious to
5．你该回家看看父母了。
It is high time that ______________________________________________________.
答案：you went home to see your parents
课文语法填空
The Importance of Life-long Learning
Sun Wen is 28 years old.After she failed in the college entrance exam she has been studying for a degree while 1.____________(keep) a secure full-time job，and she is about to graduate now.She has a new 2.____________(qualify) which makes her promoted at work.Her advice for us is 3.____________ “It’s never too late to learn.”Ms Tang is 45 years old.When she knew that she would be laid off，her mind went blank and her heart 4.____________(swell) with anger.She 5.____________(suspect) that it was not right for the company to lay her off because the workers would have stayed in the company till 6.____________(retire) if they had worked for it for over 20 years.Grandpa Chen is 75 years old.He is teaching himself new tricks every day，which certainly proves the 7.____________(say) “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks”not true.He had been sending letters 8.____________ airmail to his daughter in the US once a week，but 9.____________(late) the postage went up，which made him become 10.____________ Internet user.
答案：1.keeping 2.qualification 3.that 4.swelled
5．suspected 6.retirement 7.saying 8.by 9.later 10.an
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The police said that he had ____________(connect) with the murder case.
答案：connection
2．When I went to see him, he ____________(bury) in a new novel.
答案：was buried
3．There is no doubt that global warming is a ____________(secure) threat to us all.
答案：security
4．He turned a deaf ear to the ____________ (instruct) given by the teacher.
答案：instructions
5．The company has laid ____________ a large number of workers because of the crisis.
答案：off
6．Aside ____________ the big house, the man has two big gardens in the countryside.
答案：from
7．Most of the students suspected the girl ____________ stealing the new pen.
答案：of
8．I think it is high time that you ____________(make) up your mind.
答案：made/should make
9．The boy is jumping there, as if he ____________(be) a monkey.
答案：were
10．There is little time left. You’d better get ____________(dress) now.
答案：dressed
阅读理解
As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.
Procrastination(拖延症) is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely are doing nothing either.
Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell(魔咒)．
According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.
Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.
Pelling also points out that procrastinators feel particularly delinquent(过失的) in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.
Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了“拖延症”。拖延症是偷走时间的贼，有拖延习惯的学生往往花一整天时间发呆、吃零食、上网，而不完成学习任务。
1．Which behavior belongs to procrastination?
A．Never dream away the time.
B．Always complete the tasks ahead of time.
C．Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.
D．Always wait to work until the“good mood”or“good time”．
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段的“They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos”可知，有拖延习惯的学生，不会提前，甚至是按时完成任务，他们总是让时间白白流逝，排除A、B、C，故选D。
2．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．Procrastination makes people waste their time.
B．Speedy action is considered as a moral standard in the society.
C．Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.
D．Procrastination is common among people.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段的“Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time.”可知，当学生把事情拖延到最后一刻再去完成时，由于时间仓促，他们会出现很多错误，故选C。
3．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A．Ways to handle the study pressures.
B．Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.
C．More examples to illustrate procrastination.
D．Measures to deal with procrastination.
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的“he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand”可知，接下来会介绍社会学家Piers Steel应对拖延的方法，故选D。
完形填空
It was silent in Mom’s hospital room.Only the sound of her heart monitor interrupted the __1__ moments of what seemed to be a peaceful sleep.It had been several hours since her operation.I wanted her to wake up.I needed to __2__ to her.Last night, I shouted at her because she had allowed my __3__ sister to visit her when she had __4__ our mom for years.
“Shame on you！” she had said firmly. “Moms don’t stop __5__ their children just because one of them chose to leave her.A mother always loves more than she’s loved __6__．”
I thought, “Shame on you! When I do something wrong or when a friend is __7__ to her, that’s all she will ever say.How about standing up for your __8__ for once, Mom？”
My mom’s groaning(呻吟) broke my __9__. She couldn’t speak, __10__ her eyes were moving, looking for something.She __11__ her notebook and pen next to her bed.I gently handed them to her.She __12__ slowly, and then turned the notebook around for me to read.
“I forgive you，” it __13__．
Tears ran down my face.I felt __14__．As I began to speak, I was __15__ by the loud arguing of two seemingly angry nurses on the opposite side of the room.My mom suddenly began writing on her notebook, and then stopped to __16__ the piece of paper.She handed it to me, signaling me to give it to the nurses.They read it, looked __17__ at my mom and quietly left the room.
“What did you write, Mom？” I asked.
She smiled sweetly but said nothing. __18__， I knew what she had written on that piece of paper.How __19__ those three little words are!
I kissed my mom goodbye and __20__ to find my sister.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者因母亲让多年前抛弃她的妹妹来看她而吵架，导致母亲住院。母亲清醒后，虽口不能言，却原谅了作者，作者感到十分羞愧。母亲用“真丢脸”三个字劝走了正在吵架的护士，使作者认识到母亲对子女的爱，决定去和妹妹缓和关系。
1．A.quiet B．long
C．sweet D．important
A 解析：前面一句提到病房里很沉默，由此可知是安静的环境。
2．A.explain B．agree
C．refer D．apologize
D 解析：后面提到我向她大声喊叫，因此这里道歉符合语境。
3．A.selfish B．poor
C．weak D．jealous
A 解析：后面提到妹妹抛弃妈妈很多年，可知妹妹是自私的。selfish“自私的”；poor “贫穷的”；weak “虚弱的”；jealous“嫉妒的”。
4．A.attacked B．hurt
C．abandoned D．criticized
C 解析：句意：她已经抛弃了我们的妈妈多年。attack“攻击”；hurt“伤害”；abandon“抛弃”；criticize“批评”。故选C。
5．A.helping B．missing
C．loving D．protecting
C 解析：根据常理可知母亲是爱孩子的，即使孩子选择离开她。故选C。
6．A.in place B．in turn
C．in time D．in return
D 解析：句意：妈妈的爱总比她得到的爱要多。in place“适当”；in turn“轮流”；in time“及时”；in return“作为报答”。 故选D。
7．A.unkind B．special
C．strange D．new
A 解析：句意是：当我做错了什么或者当一个朋友对她不好时，她会说。unkind“不友善的；不厚道的”；special“特殊的”；strange“奇怪的”；new “新的”。故选A。
8．A.family B．children
C．rights D．freedom
C 解析：句意：这一次站出来维护你的权利怎么样，妈妈？故选C。
9．A.promise B．sleep
C．words D．concentration
D 解析：前文提到我正在专注于想和妈妈发生的事情，此处妈妈的呻吟打断了我的专注。故选D。
10．A.and B．but
C．since D．so
B 解析：句意：她不能说话，但是眼睛移动，找什么东西似的。故选B。
11．A.pointed to B．picked up
C．looked through D．reached for
A 解析：后面说我递给她笔记本和笔，可知是母亲指向笔记本和笔。故选A。
12．A.said B．wrote
C．read D．moved
B 解析：根据常理可知拿到笔和本后是写字。故选B。
13．A.wrote B．said
C．told D．suggested
B 解析：句意：笔记本上写着“我原谅你！”say这里是“写着，内容是”的含义。故选B。
14．A.annoyed B．worried
C．ashamed D．confused
C 解析：前面提到作者泪流满面，四选项中只有C项符合语境。annoyed“恼怒的”；worried “担心的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；confused“困惑的”。故选C。
15．A.kept B．frightened
C．angered D．interrupted
D 解析：句意：当我正要说话时，被两个在房间对面生气的大声争吵的护士打断了。故选D。
16．A.check over B．stare at
C．tear off D．take out
C 解析：句意：妈妈先是在笔记本上写字，写完后撕下那张纸。check over“检查”；stare at“凝视”；tear off“撕下”；take out“取出”。故选C。
17．A.proudly B．gratefully
C．coldly D．carefully
B 解析：后面说安静地离开，可知情绪变好了，四选项中只有B符合语境。故选B。
18．A.Suddenly B．Finally
C．Gradually D．Clearly
A 解析：句意：她甜甜地笑了，但什么也没说。突然，我知道她写在纸上的话了。故选A。
19．A.easy B．typical
C．exact D．powerful
D 解析：争吵的人平静离开，由此可知这句话的强大力量。故选D。
20．A.left B．tried
C．called D．expected
A 解析：前一句说吻别，因此可知作者是要离开。故选A。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Chinese writer Mo Yan’s Nobel Prize for Literature might ignite an explosion of global interest in Chinese literature and lead to more titles translated into English, European experts say.
“Hopefully, the award means more people will read Chinese literature and more works will get translated，” says Michel Hockx, professor of the Languages and Cultures of China and Inner Asia from University of London. “Many very good Chinese writers have been accepted globally for a long time already. Mo Yan is probably the most translated Chinese writer alive, with at least five of his novels made available in English over the past 20 years.”
Jonathan Ruppin, web editor of bookseller Foyles, says Mo’s win coincides with growing interest in Chinese literature and recognizes the talents of a distinctive and visionary writer. “We are very excited by the fact that English translations of more of his books should now become available，” Ruppin says. He made the comment after Mo became the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in its century-long history.
As East-West cultural exchange has been booming, Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention in recent years. Hockx explains, “It’s mainly because there are many more opportunities for Chinese writers to visit other countries, to publish their works outside China and to interact with readers abroad. At the same time, more and more people globally are learning Chinese and taking an interest in the Chinese language and culture.”
University of Oxford lecturer in modern Chinese literature Margaret Hillenbrand says, “The obvious reason for the growing global presence of Chinese literature is the growing global presence of China itself. People have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit(缺少) between China and its international counterparts—in particular，China__knows__incomparably(无比地)____more__about__Europe__and__America__than__the__other__way__round—and reading Chinese literature is an effective, simple means of solving that gap.”
【解题导语】 文章介绍了莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖之后，在世界范围内引起了中国文化热，他的很多作品已经或即将翻译成多种语言，同时也加强了东西方文化的交流，促进了东西方之间的了解。
1．The underlined word “ignite” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．start out B．burn up
C．set off D．appeal to
C 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段第一句可知，中国作家莫言诺贝尔文学奖的获得促进了全球对中国文化兴趣的大发展。ignite可理解为对中国文化兴趣的大爆发时期。选项的意思为start out “出发，着手进行”； burn up “燃烧起来，烧掉”； set off “引起，使爆炸”；appeal to “呼吁，上诉”。
2．Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention mainly because ________．
A．Chinese writers have been writing more and more books in English
B．the Chinese language has become the most widely used language in the world
C．the Chinese government attaches great importance to
literature
D．the cultural communication between China and western
countries has developed
D 解析：推理判断题。由第四段可知，中国文化正在吸引着全球的关注，其主要原因是中国的作家有了更多的机会去国外交流，出版他们的作品。同时在世界范围内也出现了学习中国的语言和文化热。所以答案为D。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Chinese literature has spread with the development of China.
B．The Nobel Prize for Literature has a history of hundreds of years.
C．In the past, no Chinese writers were accepted outside China.
D．Foreigners know about China mainly by reading Mo Yan’s works.
A 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句话可知，中国文化在全球地位变化是与中国自身在国际中的地位分不开的。因此选A。
4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A．China knows more about Europe and America than before.
B．China knows more about Europe and America than they know about China.
C．China, Europe and America know one another more than before.
D．Compared with America, China knows more about Europe.
B 解析：句意理解题。由“People have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit(缺少) between China and its international counterparts—in particular, China__knows__incomparably(无比地)__more__about__Europe__and__America__than__the__other__way__round—and reading Chinese literature is an effective, simple means of solving that gap.”可知，人们逐渐意识到，对中国的文化和他的国际角色缺乏了解，中国人理解欧洲和美国要比他们理解中国要多。——读中国文学作品是一个有效的方式去弥补这一点，故选B。
B
When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(图章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.
What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn’t being “replaced”. We’d been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we’d lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.
Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.
Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn’t my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.
Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside.
The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. They’d had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.
And it still fits me.
【解题导语】 作者13岁生日时得到了一枚刻有她姓名首字母的戒指作为生日礼物，但是后来弄丢了。多年之后，当年买房子的人又找到了她的戒指并还给了她。
5．The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
A．fashionable B．available
C．practical D．renewable
A 解析：词义猜测题。fashionable时尚的；available有效的，可利用的；practical实用的；renewable可再生的。根据下文的“it seemed every girl except me had one”可知，除我之外好像每个女孩都有，所以应该是比较时尚流行的，故选A。
6．When she got the ring back, the writer was about ________．
A．13 years old B．15 years old
C．26 years old D．28 years old
D 解析：推理判断题。作者13岁生日时得到了这枚戒指，2年后搬家离开，13年后当初买房子的人把戒指还给她，所以这时作者应是28岁，故选D。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The writer’s family moved several times.
B．The writer never stopped looking for her ring.
C．The writer’s ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.
D．The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Years passed, and a couple of moves later”可知，作者家搬了好几次家，故选A。
8．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．My New Ring
B．Lost and Found
C．Lost and Replaced
D．An Expensive Ring
B 解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述的是作者把戒指丢了，但是多年之后当初买房子的人又找到还给了她，所以用B项最为贴切。
七选五
What is a big dream？1.________ Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.
The Self
Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it can’t happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It is there for protecting and should be listened to. Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong. 2.________
That’s why only a handful of people make their dream come true.
3．________
Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.
The World
If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 4.________ In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.
The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well.5.________
A．How Big Dreams Die
B．Family and Friends
C．They simply fail until they succeed.
D．Does a big dream show one’s future?
E．Most people are influenced by the inside voice.
F．It is the last and the most terrible barrier.
G．And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是宏大的梦想以及实现它会遇到的一些障碍。
1．D 解析：下文“Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment？”(或者说宏大的梦能够提供你的仅是娱乐？)与D在语义上形成并列，故选D。
2．E 解析：该段主要叙述自我带给自己的一些影响，E项意为：大部分人受这种内部声音的影响，其中inside voice是线索特征词，故选E。
3．B 解析：本段第一句“Family and friends are a lot like the ego.”就提到了家人和朋友，因此B项家人和朋友概括准确，故选B。
4．F 解析：上文说“If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world.”(如果一个人已经通过了前两个障碍，将面对的就是外面的世界。)，与F项(那是最后一个也是最糟糕的障碍)语义衔接，故选F。
5．C 解析：上文说“every great dreamer... knows failure well”(每一个伟大的梦想家都很清楚失败)与C项(他们只是在失败直到成功)语义衔接，故选C。
短文改错
Last week my parents and I took a two-days trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain in all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was almost noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good. I was very tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.
答案：
Last week my parents and I took a trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s a famous mountain all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was almost noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys， temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking since the scenery was so beautiful. The time quickly. Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive the service was good. I was tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow.
课件49张PPT。Unit 15 LearningSection Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Pointssecureblanksuspectstatuspostageburydistinguishbackwardsalphabetspellingcorrectionsimplifychiefinstructfrankly speakingaside fromlay offdream ofset upgo upswitch offbreak outas if I had doneit was time I becamehurtmarriedannoyedseparatedoffrom/againstsecurityGenerallyExactlyStrictlyPersonallylaid the cup asidelay downlaid it outto beof to handle(should) tellinstructionsinstructed instructionsbut/exceptAside from/Except forbesides yourselfBuriedwas buried inburied himself infromdistinguisheddistinguish betweenis distinguished forto dotoo ready to helpto getwerehad beento standhave seenhad ridden本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The painter tried to ____________(反映) the natural life of the Tibetan people in his paintings.
答案：reflect
2．He has no ____________(选择) but to stay at home to look after his young brother.
答案：alternative
3．He earned a high ____________(名誉) for his learning.
答案：reputation
4．Why didn’t you ____________(选择) a better subject for your composition?
答案：select
5．I’ve ____________(倒入) coffee into your cup by mistake.
答案：poured
6．It is ____________(值得的) to ask him to join the club.
答案：worthwhile
7．The poor family ____________(缺少) the money to send the boy to university.
答案：lacked
8．We ____________(拖) the fallen tree to the side of the road.
答案：dragged
单句改错
1．Lacking of money, the young man couldn’t realize his dream of setting up a company.____________________
答案：去掉第一个of
2．I have no idea that has made her so angry today.____________________
答案：that→what
3．After getting home, she set out doing some cooking for her children.____________________
答案：out→about
4．When I entered the room, I caught her pour some dirty water into the bottle.____________________
答案：pour→pouring
5．The school library is accessible for every student in this school.____________________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．他考试作弊被老师抓住了。
He ________________________________ in the exam by his teacher.
答案：got/was caught cheating
2．传来消息说一切都是假的。
________________________ everything is false.
答案：There comes the news that
3．被狗咬了两次，邮递员拒绝给我们投递信件。
________________，the postman refused to deliver our letters.
答案：Bitten twice by the dog
4．我不知道谁能说服他放弃网络游戏。
________________________ who can persuade him to give up computer games.
答案：I have no idea/don’t know
5．虽然被同事提醒过了，那天开会他还是迟到了。
________________________， he was still late for the meeting that day.
答案：Reminded by his colleague
A卷
单句语法填空
1．____________(lack) experience，the young worker often makes mistakes.
答案：Lacking
2．Fallen rocks cut off the only access ____________ the remote village.
答案：to
3．However, there is still ____________ alternative approach.
答案：an
4．In fact, the boy is ____________(slight) different from his twin brother.
答案：slightly
5．He complains that there is some ____________(misunderstand) among them.
答案：misunderstanding
6．Whenever you buy a present, you first should think about the ____________(receive)．
答案：receiver
7．____________(design) for children, the album became popular with parents immediately it came out.
答案：Designed
8．The little dog looked down, only to see its ____________(reflect) in the lake.
答案：reflection
9．The young man didn’t know whether he would escape ____________(punish) this time.
答案：punishment
10．The other day I caught him ____________(remove) the computer from the room.
答案：removing
阅读理解
A
She’s rarely seen without an elegant handbag on her arm, but the question of what the Queen keeps inside it has long remained a mystery. Now a new book claims to cast light on the contents of the royal matriarch’s main possession.
What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets reveals that though the 81-year-old British monarch(君主) doesn’t carry cash, keys or passport—since she doesn’t own one—her bag is far from empty. Inside are a collection of little presents from her children, a make-up case, some family photos, and a camera sometimes. There’s also an s-shaped metal hook that she places on the dinner table’s edge to hang her bag from so that it doesn’t touch the floor.
Should you ever meet the Queen, it’s not what’s in her bag but what she does with it that should concern you. She uses her bags, of which she has about 200 made by London-based firm Launier, to send signals to her staff.
Before dining with Queen, a point is made to inform guests that dinner will end in about five minutes after she places her bag on the table top.
On walkabouts, she holds the bag to one side to show she intends to move on, at which point a lady-in-waiting joins the conversation, allowing her to slip away without causing offence.
When at a banquet, if the Queen’s bag is placed on the floor then it’s a sign that she’s not finding the conversation interesting, and wants nothing more than to escape. However, if the royal bag is dangling happily from the crook of her left arm, she is happy and relaxed.
【解题导语】 本文描述了女王的手提包里所装的东西以及她放包的位置所表达的含义。
1．What does the article tell us about the Queen’s handbag?
A．She seldom has it with her.
B．She always carries the same handbag.
C．It used to be thought empty.
D．Its contents are not the same as ours.
D 解析：主旨大意题。从第二段描述的内容来看，D为正确答案。由第一段第一句“She’s rarely seen without an elegant handbag on her arm”可排除A项；由第三段第二句“She uses her bags, of which she has about 200 made by London-based firm Launier，...”可排除B；C项在原文中未提及。故选D。
2．When is it necessary for the Queen to convey her intention with her bag?
A．When she is with guests.
B．When she eats outside.
C．When she has her staff around.
D．When she is tired of speaking.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第四段内容可知A为正确答案。故选A。
3．The Queen gives no signal when she ________．
A．hangs her bag on the metal hook
B．hangs her bag from her left arm
C．places her bag on the floor
D．puts her bag on the table top
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“There’s also an s-shaped metal hook that she places on the dinner table’s edge to hang her bag from so that it doesn’t touch the floor.”可知A项符合题意。故选A。
4．“What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets” is italicized(用斜体写) because that’s ________．
A．the very title of the article
B．the name of a book
C．the main information given in the article
D．what the writer wants to stress
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段最后“Now a new book claims to cast light on the contents of the royal matriarch’s main possession.”可知，下文是对这本新书的说明，推知“What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets”是书名，所以用了斜体。故选B。
B
What if our babies could somehow tell us what they’re thinking about, what they want, and what makes them unhappy? Robyn Holt, researcher for Baby Talk New Zealand, says they can. Holt heard about baby sign language through an advertisement and decided to go along to a workshop(研讨会)．
“Sign language is something that’s always interested me, and I thought, it could be really cool to try this with a baby because we are always guessing all the time what they actually want.”
Holt started using baby sign language with her baby son Benjamin, now 12, and within two weeks he started to sign the sign for milk. She has since used it with her two younger sons Dominic, 8, and Matthew, 3.
Baby sign language is nothing new: the practice (which is based on adult sign language) has been out in America for more than 30 years. But it is enjoying a rebirth in New Zealand.
The idea behind baby sign language is that babies do have the ability to communicate their needs if they are given the right tools to do so. Although many mothers develop an intuition(直觉) about whether their baby’s crying is from hunger, tiredness, or pain, baby sign language creates a direct form of communication that unlocks the__mystery．
When babies are between 6 months and 12 to 13 months, parents can begin to teach them sign language: use the sign for milk while feeding, and also talk about milk, so that the child begins to make the link in their brain. Then they can begin to add other signs, i．e. food, sick or pain.
“I know of one parent. Her child was signing the sign for hurt by his mouth, and she realised his first teeth were growing. It makes life so much easier，”said Holt.
【解题导语】 本文通过一个专家的描述讲述婴儿手势语对家长了解婴儿的需求是有帮助的。
5．Why did Holt go to the baby sign language workshop?
A．To entertain her own children.
B．To better understand babies’ needs.
C．To help babies with language problems.
D．To develop a new system of sign language.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，Holt对手语很感兴趣，想要尝试通过手语更好地了解婴儿的需要，因此参加了婴儿手势语研讨会。故选B。
6．According to the text, baby sign language ________．
A．has been used in New Zealand for 30 years
B．can easily make the parents understood
C．has developed from adult sign language
D．was designed by Robyn Holt
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Baby sign language is nothing new: the practice (which is based on adult sign language) has been out in America for more than 30 years.”可知，婴儿手势语是由成人手势语发展而来的。故选C。
7．What does the underlined part “the mystery” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The ability to communicate.
B．Mothers’ intuitions.
C．The cause of the baby’s crying.
D．Baby sign language.
C 解析：词义猜测题。画线部分所在句的意思是：婴儿手势语可形成一种直接的交流方式来让家长解开这个秘密。画线词指代上文提到的事情：许多妈妈通过直觉了解婴儿的哭是来自饥饿、疲惫还是疼痛；因此the mystery指上文所说婴儿哭泣的原因。故选C。
8．Holt mentioned a parent and her child to show baby sign language is ________．
A．helpful B．difficult
C．interesting D．special
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It makes life so much easier”可知，Holt提到这位家长和她的孩子是为了说明婴儿手势语对于家长和婴儿的交流是有帮助的。故选A。
七选五
The Iron Lady
Margaret Thatcher, known as the Iron Lady, was one of the toughest political women in the world.As the daughter of a businessman and mayor of Grantham, Margaret was educated at a very famous grammar school. 1.________ Upon graduation, she worked for four years as a research chemist. She then became a lawyer, doing an excellent job in taxation law, in 1954. Miss Margaret stood twice in elections for the Conservative Party before being elected to the House of Commons(下议院) in 1959. 2.________ After that she quickly became a spokesman for her party, and member of the Shadow Cabinet(影子内阁)．
3．________ Thatcher spent quite a lot of time visiting schools and universities, who encouraged people to be creative. After the Conservatives lost power in 1974, she was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet. She was elected leader of the Conservative Party in the following year. In May 1979, she became Britain’s first female prime minister, after the Conservatives regained power from Labor.
4．________ She fought against labor organizations. According to a figure reported by her government, traditional industries were reduced to around 15，000 in total and she also made social housing and public transport private.
She left office on November 28, 1990 after she failed to carry out a fixed rate local tax, which led to huge popular protest from within her party. In 1992, she was appointed to the House of Lords(上议院), as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven. In the last few years of her life, she has been busy with writing and public speech. This caused her increasingly poor health. 5.________
A．She got a degree in chemistry at Oxford University.
B．Also she built strong association with U．S. President Raegan.
C．In June 1970, she became secretary of state for education and science.
D．In power, she was best known for her reducing Britain’s traditional industries.
E．Therefore, she had to give up many chances of attending public activities.
F．Thatcher was appointed as a Minister in 1961.
G．Thatcher was well-known as a female leader.
【解题导语】 本文对Margaret Thatcher的学习及工作生涯进行了简单的介绍。
1．A 解析：根据“she worked for four years as a research chemist”可知这里意思是她在牛津大学获得了化学学位，毕业后，她作为一名化学家工作了四年，故选A。
2．F 解析：根据“After that she quickly became a spokesman for her party, and member of the Shadow Cabinet(影子内阁)．”可知这里意思是Thatcher被任命为部长，故选F。
3．C 解析：根据“Thatcher spent quite a lot of time visiting schools and universities, who encouraged people to be creative.”可知这里意思是，在1970年6月，她成为国家教育科学部的部长，故选C。
4．D 解析：根据“According to a figure reported by her government, traditional industries were reduced to around 15，000 in total and she also made social housing and public transport private.”可知这里意思是她当权时，最出名的就是减少了英国的传统工业，所以选D。
5．E 解析：根据“In the last few years of her life, she has been busy with writing and public speech. This caused her increasingly poor health.”可知这里意思是这使得她的身体健康状况越来越差，因此她不得不放弃许多参加公共活动的机会。
B卷
阅读理解
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarreling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
【解题导语】 本文讲述的是道路行车礼仪的话题。道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕。道路行车礼仪不仅是有礼貌的，而且也是有意义的，接下来介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行。
1．According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by ________．
A．road conditions
B．the speed of modern life
C．the behavior of the drivers
D．the large number of cars
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.”可知，路上的麻烦常常是由司机的行为造成的。故选C。
2．In the writer’s opinion, ________．
A．drivers should avoid traffic jams
B．strict traffic rules are badly needed
C．unskillful drivers should be punished
D．drivers should show road politeness properly
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.”和第三段中的“However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.”可知，依作者的观点，司机应该正确展示道路行车礼仪。故选D。
3．The underlined word “give-and-take” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A．politeness and impoliteness
B．good manners and bad manners
C．offering help to others as much as possible
D．willingness of each person to give in to each other’s wishes
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.”可知，多年前专家就曾警告我们，汽车拥有量的突增将需要所有的马路使用者更多的互谅互让，现在是我们该把这项警告铭记于心的时候了。故选D。
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Road Politeness
B．Traffic Problems
C．Bad Manners on the Road
D．Good Drivers and Bad Drivers
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“but manners on the road are becoming horrible”可知，道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕；再根据第二段中的第一句“Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.”可知，道路行车礼仪不仅有礼貌， 而且也有意义。接下来介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行，故选A。
完形填空
Tonight is one that I won’t easily be able to forget—and for good reason.
There’s this __1__ man that I see very often，and it’s always hard to drive past him，especially in these terrible __2__ conditions.Earlier today，as I __3__ past，we made eye contact and he waved.
My heart instantly __4__．I think about him a lot throughout the week，but that moment today was when I knew something had to __5__．
I drove home and __6__ two big warm blankets，a towel，instantly eatable food，gloves，a hat，and __7__ socks，and a few other things that may or may not be handy during this __8__ winter.
The more stuff I put in the __9__，the more I thought about that man，and the more I __10__ how much we take for granted without even meaning to.Earlier in the day I was __11__ how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow.But this man has been living in it for who knows how __12__．
Words can’t __13__ the moment of pure __14__ and hope of the man，which flashed in that man’s __15__ when the bags of supplies were __16__ by his feet.Not much was said，but a beautiful，hopeful，grateful hug was exchanged __17__ parting.
I’m so immensely__18__ for every little thing after today.I like to think that I don’t __19__ things for granted.I wish I could do more, and I wish I could help more people.I do what I can when I can and I think that’s __20__ for everyone to practice.
1．A.handsome B．homeless
C．lonely D．hopeless
B 解析：根据倒数第三段的“But this man has been living in it for who knows how ______．”可推知，他是一个无家可归的人。homeless意为“无家可归的”。故答案为B。
2．A.weather B．living
C．traffic D．working
A 解析：根据文章第四段的“...during this ______ winter”以及第五段的“...how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow”可知，此处指恶劣的天气条件。故答案为A。
3．A.walked B．flew
C．drove D．ran
C 解析：根据上文的“and it’s always hard to drive past him”可知，答案为C。
4．A.rose B．beat
C．sank D．cooled
C 解析：此处指作者看到那一幕心情很沉重。sink在此处表示“(心情)沉重”。
5．A.happen B．exchange
C．appear D．fail
A 解析：此处表示作者知道今天将有事情发生。故答案为A。
6．A.threw B．unfolded
C．collected D．bought
C 解析：此处表示作者收集一些东西给那个无家可归的人。collect表示“收集”。
7．A.cotton B．silk
C．soft D．thick
D 解析：在寒冷的天气里，无家可归的人需要厚(thick)袜子。
8．A.windy B．cloudy
C．freezing D．sunny
C 解析：此处表示在寒冷的冬天(freezing winter)里。
9．A.bag B．case
C．box D．car
A 解析：根据倒数第二段的“when the bags of supplies were”可知，答案为A。
10．A.understood B．realized
C．found D．saw
B 解析：往包里装的东西越多，作者考虑那个人就越多，也越意识到(realized)帮助他是理所当然的，不求回报。
11．A.complaining B．claiming
C．explaining D．wondering
A 解析：根据“how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow”可知，此处是在抱怨(complain)。
12．A.often B．soon
C．much D．long
D 解析：但是有谁会知道这个无家可归的人在冰冷的雪地里待了多久了。根据语境可知，答案为D。
13．A.show B．create
C．describe D．imagine
C 解析：他眼里所闪现出来的满足和希望之情，是无法用话语来描述(describe)的。故选C。
14．A.disappointment B．satisfaction
C．sadness D．regrets
B 解析：能得到陌生人的热情相助，这个无家可归的人自然应该是对生活充满希望和感到满足(satisfaction)。
15．A.eyes B．heart
C．words D．actions
A 解析：根据“flashed”可知，答案为A。
16．A.transported B．stepped
C．sent D．placed
D 解析：此处指把生活必需品放在(placed)他面前。
17．A.as B．while
C．after D．before
D 解析：此处指分手前作者和无家可归的人进行了拥抱。故选D。
18．A.regretful B．grateful
C．respectful D．careful
B 解析：此处表示作者以后会因为每一件小事而感到感激。grateful表示“感激的”。
19．A.think B．get
C．take D．bring
C 解析：此处表示作者不再认为有些事情是理所当然的。上文的“take for granted”是提示。
20．A.awesome B．intelligent
C．wise D．important
D 解析：践行这种善行对每个人来说都是非常重要的。故选D。
语法填空
English is now 1.____________(wide) used throughout the world. The English language 2.____________(make) up of grammar and vocabulary because people from different countries and cultures have lived together. Its 3.____________(develop) contains three stages: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.
In the fifth century, two Germanic groups occupied Britain. Old English 4.____________(consist) of a mixture of their languages. Unlike Old English, Middle English can be read, although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking people. Many factors contributed 5.____________ the development of Middle English. However, in 1066, the Normans took control of England，6.____________ did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had had about 600 years earlier. But French still had 7.____________ influence on the English language. This resulted even 8.____________(many) pairs of similar words. Modern English includes many Latin and Greek words. As we all know, English will continue changing in the future. It is certain that the 9.____________(change) process will continue and people will keep 10.____________(invent) new words and new ways of saying things.
1．widely 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。修饰used。widely adv.广泛地。
2．is made 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处意为：英语是由语法和词汇组成的。be made up of...由……组成。
3．development 解析：考查词性转换。Its后接名词。development n．发展。
4．consisted 解析：考查动词的时态。此处意为：由……组成， 是consist of...，此处是一般过去时。
5．to 解析：考查介词的用法。contribute to...导致，有助于。
6．which 解析：考查定语从句引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的事情，并在从句中作主语，故用which引导。
7．an 解析：考查冠词的用法。have an influence on/upon...对……有影响。
8．more 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：这就导致更多的成对的类似单词。故用比较级。
9．changing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动名词作定语。
10．inventing 解析：考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.一直做某事。
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
My Teacher
Graham Lawrence, 29, science author who gives presentations①on TV②， went to Overton School, 1981－1989.
I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school③ but I often think about him.I wasn’t very good at most school
subjects.I suppose I was a bit lazy and now I wish I’d done more work, especially in maths④.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles⑤ of a triangle⑥add up to⑦ 180 degrees！⑧ But when I was 15 and
went into Mr Jenkins’ class，I really became interested in⑨ a subject for the first time.
Before Mr Jenkins, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me.I had no idea⑩ what an atom? was and I didn’t really want to know either！I found it all so boring and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.He used to explain? things with lots of practical examples and simplified things that seemed difficult?. One day, he took us outside and we built a rocket！I remember that he let me pour? some powder? into the rocket and then another student lit a flame? to set it off?. It was great fun?.
①presentation n．介绍；说明讲述；呈现
②画线部分是Graham Lawrence的同位语，其中who引导定语从句。
③since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。
④wish从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。
⑤angle['??ɡ?l]n.角
⑥triangle['traI??ɡ?l]n.三角形
⑦add up to共计；总共达到
⑧I can remember是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词the only thing；that引导表语从句。
⑨become interested in...变得对……感兴趣
⑩have no idea不知道
?atom['?t?m]n.原子
?used to do sth.过去常常做某事
?that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。
?pour[p??]vt.倒，灌
?powder['pa?d?]n.火药
?flame[fleIm]n.火焰，火舌
?set off使爆炸；引发
?fun n．趣味，有趣； 是不可数名词，不与不定冠词连用，词尾也不加s。
我的老师
29岁的格雷厄姆·劳伦斯是在电视上作讲解的科学作家，他于1981年到1989年在欧弗顿学校读书。
自从我离开学校后我就再也没有见过詹金斯老师，但是我经常想起他。我上学时大多数科目都学得不太好。我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多加努力，特别是在数学方面。我对学校所学的数学能够记得的唯一东西是三角形的内角之和为180度。但是当我15岁走进詹金斯老师的课堂时，我第一次着实对一门学科感兴趣了。
在詹金斯老师教我之前，科学课对我而言只是一门充满怪异词汇的科目。我不知道原子是什么，而且我也真的不想知道！我觉得所有的科学都那么枯燥和困难。但是詹金斯老师让一切都变得有趣。他常常用很多实例来解释事情，把那些看起来很难的事情简单化。有一天，他把我们带到户外，我们做了一个火箭！我记得他让我把一些粉末倒入火箭内，然后另外一个学生点火把它发射出去。真的非常有趣。
I know that I wasn’t a willing? student and I shouldn’t have been? so difficult at school，but it was probably( because I lacked( confidence in myself.Mr Jenkins made me feel that I could do things.I was interested in astronomy and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.That was really the first time I ever tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job！Often when I’m preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion(！
?willing adj.积极肯干的；乐意的
be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
?shouldn’t have done 本不应该做(而做了)
should have done 本应该做(而没有做)
probably adv. 或许；大概
lack[l?k]vt.缺乏，没有
lack confidence in对……缺乏信心
lack (for) nothing没有欠缺
从句用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反。
我知道我不是一个积极肯干的学生，我在学校也本不应该如此困难，但这可能是因为我缺乏自信。詹金斯老师让我觉得我能做很多事情。我对天文感兴趣，他让我给全班同学作一次讲述。那真的是我第一次试着向一群听众解释科学，而现在它成了我的工作！当我在准备一个项目的时候，我经常会想詹金斯老师会怎么做。有时候我真希望能打电话给他，请他给我意见。
My Student
Brian Jenkins, science teacher at Overton School.
Before Graham came into my class, he was very difficult. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit( the furthest off the school stage! But when he got interested, he changed. The first day he walked into my class(, he was dragging( his school bag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up( an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid( and an onion(, he gave me his full attention. He loved science! He was very bright and should have done much better in all his other subjects. I’ve read a couple of his books and seen him on TV. I always say to my wife，“Oh look, I used to teach him！”
I wish I was as successful with all my students as I was with Graham. It’s difficult teaching nowadays(. There are lots of problems and not enough money. The government should have put more money towards science education.
And I wish they would decrease the size of classes—it’s not easy doing lessons in laboratories with big groups and it must( be even worse in the poorer schools! At least( with schools like ours, we have laboratories!
My wife often wishes that I had chosen a job( with less stress( but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access( to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into( such a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile(.
spit[spIt]vi.吐口水，吐痰
the first day引导时间状语从句。
drag[dr?ɡ]vt.拖，拉
set up建立；设立
acid['?sId]n.酸
onion['?nj?n]n.洋葱
it是形式主语，真正主语是teaching。
must表示推测，意为：一定；必定；表示推测时，must只用于肯定句。
at least至少
at (the) most至多；不超过
wish从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。
stress n．压力
stressful adj.压力大的； stressed adj.焦虑不安的
access['?kses]n.(使用或见到的)机会，权利；
have access to 有机会得到/接触
turn...into...把……变成
worthwhile[?w??θ'waIl]adj.值得努力的
It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.做某事是值得的。
我的学生
布赖恩·詹金斯，欧弗顿中学的自然科学老师。
格雷厄姆来到我的班以前是个“问题”学生。我对他的恶劣行径早有耳闻。有一次我当场捉到他与一个朋友比赛看谁从学校舞台上吐口水吐得最远！但是当他萌生兴趣后，一切都改变了。在他走进我的课堂的第一天时，他身后拖着书包，表情厌倦。但是当我用酸和洋葱做实验以表现胃的活动时，他立刻变得全神贯注。他喜欢科学！格雷厄姆非常聪明，他本来应该能把其他所有的科目都学得更好。我读过几本他写的书，也在电视上见过他。我经常对妻子说：“看哪，我曾经教过他！”
我希望我教其他所有学生也能像教格雷厄姆这样成功。如今教书不那么容易了，存在许多问题，经费紧张。政府应该给科学教育多拨些款。我还希望他们能减少班级的人数——在实验室上课时，小组人数过多不太好操作，比较穷的学校里情况一定更差！至少在像我们这样的学校里，我们有实验室！
我的妻子常常希望我选择一份压力小点的工作，但是我热爱我所做的一切。作为老师，你可以在孩子们敞开心扉，渴望学习时进入他们的内心。如果我作为老师所做的能够帮助一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Graham began to like science because________．
A．Mr Jenkins told him science is very important
B．Mr Jenkins made the class lively
C．Mr Jenkins took him outside and built a rocket
D．he had to pass the science exam
2．Why did Graham often think of Mr Jenkins?
A．Because it was Mr Jenkins who asked him to explain science to audience for the first time.
B．Because it was Mr Jenkins who helped him out in everything.
C．Because Mr Jenkins forgave him when he broke the school rules.
D．Because Mr Jenkins was both strict and kind-hearted.
3．The following are Mr Jenkins’ ideas to deal with the teaching problems EXCEPT________．
A．making the class interesting
B．suggesting that the government should put more money towards education
C．suggesting a small size of a class
D．choosing a job with less stress
4. Mr Jenkins’ suggestion for the present education is that________．
A．the government should put more money towards science
education
B．more and more students should study science hard
C．more money should be spent in doing experiments
D．students should be treated strictly
答案：1－4.BADA
1．alternative adj. 非传统的；另类的
2．reputation n. 名誉，名声
3．outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的
4．select vt. 挑选
5．lack vt. 缺乏，没有
6．drag vt. 拖，拉
7．worthwhile adj. 值得努力的
8．fellow n. 同伴
9．reflect vt.反映；反射→reflection n．反映
10．access n．(使用或见到的)机会，权利→accessible adj.可使用的
11．punishment n．惩罚，处罚→punish vt.惩罚
12．slight adj.少量的，微小的→slightly adv.稍微
13．obey vt.服从，听从→disobey vt.不服从
14．misunderstand v．误解→understand vt.理解
1．to__a__certain__extent 在某种程度上
2．set__off 使爆炸；引发
3．contribute__to 有助于
4．add__up__to 合计为
5．at__least 至少
6．give__up 放弃
1．过去分词短语作状语
Founded__in__1896(成立于1896年)，“Tredona School”is proud of its long list of outstanding past students.
2．What will become of... 要是……会怎么样，如果……情况会如何
...if I don’t do well，I hate to think what__will__become__of__my__reputation(我的声誉会怎么样) as an excellent accountant!
3．同位语从句
I__had__no__idea__what__an__atom__was(我不知道原子是什么) and I didn’t really want to know either!
4．catch sb. doing sth. 碰见某人做某事
Once I caught__him__and__a__friend__seeing(碰见他与一个朋友看) who could spit the furthest off the school stage!
alternative adj.非传统的；另类的；可选择的；两者(或若干)中择一的
n．可选择的东西(或办法等)
①(教材P38)What does “alternative education” mean?
“选修教育(课)”是什么？
②I’m afraid I have no alternative but to wait until my parents finally agree to my plan.
恐怕我别无选择，只好等待父母同意我的计划。
③If this plan is not accepted, we have an alternative one.
如果这个计划不被接受，我们还有另一个计划。
(1)have no alternative/choice but to do...(＝There is no alternative but to do...)别无选择只能做……
an alternative to... ……的替换物，取代……
(2)alternatively adv. 二者择一地
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)I’ll have no alternative but to__go(go) with you.
(2)There was no alternative but to__close(close) the road until February.
(3)The treatment is offered as an alternative to surgery.
(4)We could drive all the way.Alternatively(alternative), we could fly.
reflect vt.反映；反射，映出
①(教材P38)Our school motto reflects the importance we place on good manners，hard work and success.
我们的校训反映了我们重视礼貌、努力工作和成功。
②(名人名言)There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it.—Edith Wharto
传递光亮有两种方式：成为一支蜡烛或当一面镜子。——伊迪丝·华顿
③(谚语) To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
读书不思考，犹如吃饭不消化。
(1)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事
be reflected in... 表达；反映……
(2)reflection n. 反射；反映；映像
without reflection 轻率；不经思考
on reflection 经再三思考
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Public anger is__reflected(reflect) in the latest opinion polls.
(2)I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.
(3)This film is a real reflection(reflect) of the living conditions of people in the western region.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位女士能看到她自己在水中的倒影。
(4)The woman can see__herself__reflected in the water.(reflect)
(5)The woman can see__her__own__reflection in the water.(reflection)
reputation n．名誉，名声
①(教材P38)Due to the limited number of places and our excellent reputation，students should apply early.
由于地方有限和我们良好的信誉，学生们应该早申请。
②Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.
许多中国品牌经过几个世纪的发展，正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。
③(谚语)Reputation is often got without merit and lost without fault.
无功得名是常事，无过失名也是常事。
live up to one’s reputation 不负盛名
have a good reputation for... 因为……而闻名
have a reputation as... 作为……而闻名
reputation
可指好名声，也可指坏名声，强调人们心目中的印象
fame
仅指好名声，强调较高的知名度
④She attained a world reputation with her pioneer research in chemistry and physics.
由于她在化学和物理方面的开创性的研究，她享誉全世界。
⑤A good fame is better than a good face.
美名胜于美貌。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)It is hard to live up to a great reputation.
(2)The old man has a good reputation for generosity.
(3)The university has a good reputation as a centre of excellence.
select vt.挑选，选择
①(教材P39)Well，select another one then.
那选择另外一个吧。
②We will select our monitor as the team leader this time.
这次我们将选我们的班长当队长。
③The group had been carefully selected for the study because of their lifestyles.
进行这项研究的这组人是根据他们的生活方式精心挑选的。
(1)select...as... 挑选……作为……
select...for... 为……而挑选……
select...from... 从……中挑选……
select sb.to do sth. 推选/选择某人做某事
(2)selection n. 选择；选拔
make a selection 作出选择
select
“精选”之意，强调用客观标准仔细比较后加以挑选
pick
有“仔细挑选”的意思，比较口语化
choose
强调根据主观的判断和意愿加以挑选，意为“挑选出来”，可指在两者之间或两个以上的人或事物中加以选择
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)They would select a very honest girl from the volunteers.
(2)We are going to select two students to__represent(represent) our school.
(3)It is worth taking the time to make a careful selection(select)．
[能力提升]——选词填空(select，pick，choose)
(4)At last，after many tests，John was selected for the team.
(5)She had to choose between giving up her job and hiring a nanny.
(6)The group picked me as their spokesperson.
to a certain extent 在某种程度上
①(教材P39)Well，to a certain extent，you’re right.
在某种程度上，你是对的。
②To a certain extent, I was relieved.
在一定程度上我获得了些许宽慰。
③Doctors still do not know the full extent of his injuries.
医生们尚不完全清楚他的伤势。
(1)extent n． 广度，宽度，长度；范围，程度，区域
(2)to a great/large extent 很大程度上，非常
to some extent 某种程度上，(多少)有一点
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)A child’s values come from its parents and, to a lesser extent, from its schooling.
(2)I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge.
“在某种程度上”的其他表达方式有：partly adv.部分地，在一定程度上；in a way在某种程度上，从某一点上看；in some ways在某些方面，在某种程度上；to some degree在某种程度上，有点，稍微。
pour vt.& vi.涌出；倾；倒，灌
①(经典例句)Large quantities of customers poured in once the market was open.
商场一开门大量的顾客涌入。
②(谚语)Backer mountain would pour, water will flow, never fall on their own.
靠山山会倒，靠水水会流，靠自己永远不倒。
③(谚语)It never rains but it pours.
不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。
(1)pour in 大量地涌进来
pour into/out of... 涌进/涌出……
(2)pour out sth.to sb. 向某人倾诉某事
pour cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)长城是个如此有名气的旅游景点，每年都有数以百万计的游客蜂拥而至。
The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour__in every year.
(2)倾盆大雨已经下了两天了，这让我们出行很困难。
It has__been__pouring__cats__and__dogs for two days, which makes it difficult for us to go out.
(3)狂热的足球迷们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。
The crazy football fans poured__out__of the stadium cheering wildly.
(4)她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。
She poured__out her trouble to me over a cup of coffee.
set off 使爆炸；引发，引起；使……开始(做某事)；出发，动身
①(教材P40)I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.
我记得他让我把一些粉末倒入火箭内，然后另外一个学生点火把它发射出去。
②You should try to set aside some time each day for exercise.
你应该每天设法留出点时间来进行锻炼。
③People set about setting(set) up their new homes with the help of the government.
＝ People set out to__set(set) up their new homes with the help of the government.
在政府的帮助下，人们开始创建他们的新家园。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中set off的含义
(1)Tom wanted to set off early in order to avoid the traffic jam.动身；出发
(2)In China people like to set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival.使爆炸；引爆
(3)His jokes always set me off laughing.引发
set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)
set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)
set down 写下，记下
set aside 储存；留出；把……放在一边
表示“动身，出发”的短语： set off/set out/leave for/make one’s way/start off/get off等。
lack n．&vt.缺乏；没有
①(教材P40)I know that I wasn’t a willing student and I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.
我知道我不是一个积极肯干的学生，我在学校也本不应该如此困难，但这可能是因为我缺乏自信。
②(名人名言)People do not lack strength; they lack will. —Victor Hugo
人们不缺乏力量，他们缺乏决心。——维克多·雨果
(1)a lack of... 缺少……
for lack of... 由于缺乏……
(2)be lacking in sth. 缺少……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Though lacking(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
(2)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
access n．(使用或见到的)机会，权利；方法；通道(常与介词to连用)
①(教材P40)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. 作为老师，你可以在孩子们敞开心扉，渴望学习时进入他们的内心。
②People have better access to health care than they used to，and they’re living longer as a result. 人们比以前更容易得到医疗保障，因此现在人们的寿命更长。
③It was really annoying; I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had recommended.
这真是令人生气；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。
(1)access to 通往……的入口
gain/obtain/get/have access to
有权进入……；有权使用……
give access to... 准许进入；接近
(2)accessible adj. 可接近的，可进入的；易接近的
be accessible to... 对……而言容易接近
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)Across the world，1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water.
(2)Their goal was to make adult education more accessible(access)．
(3)Many divorced fathers only have access for their children at weekends. for→to
(4)The only accessible to the farmhouse is across the fields. accessible→access
worthwhile adj.值得努力的，有价值的
①(教材P40)And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.
如果我作为老师所做的能够帮助一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
②(名人名言)It’s always helpful to learn from your mistakes because then your mistakes seem worthwhile. —Garry Marshall
从错误中学习总是有益的，你的错误将因此变得值得。——盖瑞·马歇尔
③It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again.
这个计划值得再讨论一次。
(1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事
(2)be worth＋
(3)be worthy 值得被做
be worth doing意为“值得做”，其中动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。worth为表语形容词，不作前置定语，常用well修饰，表示很值得。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)A bird in the hand is worth(worthy) two in the bush.
(2)Beijing is well worth visiting(visit). I went there with my parents during the holiday.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他的建议值得考虑。
(3)His suggestion is worth considering．
(4)His suggestion is worthy of__being__considered/consideration/to__be__considered．
(5)It is worthwhile to__consider/considering his suggestion.
(教材P38)Founded in 1896，“Tredona School” is proud of its long list of outstanding past students. Tredona学校成立于1896年，它为自己培养出众多的优秀学生而感到骄傲。
(1)“Founded in 1896”是过去分词短语在句中作状语，与句子主语“Tredona School”构成逻辑上的被动关系。
(2)过去分词作状语，可以表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随等情况；它所表示的动作与句子主语常常构成逻辑上的被动关系。
①作原因状语，相当于because，as，since引导的原因状语从句。
②作时间状语，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。有时过去分词前面可以加when，while，once (一旦)等，使时间更加明确。
③作条件状语，相当于if，unless引导的条件状语从句。有时过去分词前面可以加if。
④作让步状语，过去分词前面可以加though或although。
⑤作伴随状语，表示伴随情况。
①Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里， 这些种子能长得很快。
②If we are given more time，we can do the work much better.
＝Given more time，we can do the work much better.
如果多给点儿时间，我们能把工作做得更好。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Absorbed(absorb) in the novel, he didn’t notice me enter the room.
(2)Seen(see) from space, the earth looks like a blue ball.
(3)Deeply moved(move) by the story, the girl began to cry.
(教材P40)I had no idea what an atom was and I didn’t really want to know either!
我不知道原子是什么，而且我也真的不想知道！
(1)本句中抽象名词idea的后面跟了一个由what引导的同位语从句来说明名词idea的具体内容。“I have no idea＋从句”相当于“I don’t know...”，意思是“我不知道……”。
(2)英语中，同位语从句是常见的名词性从句之一，用来解释说明某一抽象名词的具体内容和实质。能接同位语从句的名词多为抽象名词，如：idea，suggestion，advice，fact，news，explanation，hope，belief，doubt等；能引导同位语从句的连词除了that以外，还有what，which，who，when，where，why，how，whether等。
①I have no idea what has happened to him on his way home.
我不知道他在回家的路上发生了什么事。
②I have no idea when she will come back.
我不知道她什么时候回来。
③The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
他们赢得比赛的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
④The fact that he had made a big mistake would cost him the good job. 他犯了大错这个事实会使他失去这个好工作。
(教材P40)Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage!
有一次我当场捉到他与一个朋友比赛看谁从学校舞台上吐口水吐得最远！
句中为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。此结构中可用不带to的不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词作宾补，分别表示不同的意义。可用于该结构的感官动词：see，hear，smell，feel，watch，notice，observe，find等。具体用法如下：
感官动词＋宾语＋
①I’ll beat you flat if I catch you stealing the apples in the yard again.
再撞见你偷院子里的苹果，我就打扁你。
感官动词后可接省略to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时要把省去的to加上。
②He was seen to put a beautiful box in the case.
他被看到把一个漂亮的盒子放进了箱子里。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)我听到学生们正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard the students singing an English song.
(2)经过教室时，我听到同学们正在读英语。
I heard__the__students____reading English when I passed by the classroom.
品句填词
1．The painter tried to ____________(反映) the natural life of the Tibetan people in his paintings.
答案：reflect
2．He has no ____________(选择) but to stay at home to look after his young brother.
答案：alternative
3．He earned a high ____________(名誉) for his learning.
答案：reputation
4．Why didn’t you ____________(选择) a better subject for your composition?
答案：select
5．I’ve ____________(倒入) coffee into your cup by mistake.
答案：poured
6．It is ____________(值得的) to ask him to join the club.
答案：worthwhile
7．The poor family ____________(缺少) the money to send the boy to university.
答案：lacked
8．We ____________(拖) the fallen tree to the side of the road.
答案：dragged
单句改错
1．Lacking of money, the young man couldn’t realize his dream of setting up a company.____________________
答案：去掉第一个of
2．I have no idea that has made her so angry today.____________________
答案：that→what
3．After getting home, she set out doing some cooking for her children.____________________
答案：out→about
4．When I entered the room, I caught her pour some dirty water into the bottle.____________________
答案：pour→pouring
5．The school library is accessible for every student in this school.____________________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．他考试作弊被老师抓住了。
He ________________________________ in the exam by his teacher.
答案：got/was caught cheating
2．传来消息说一切都是假的。
________________________ everything is false.
答案：There comes the news that
3．被狗咬了两次，邮递员拒绝给我们投递信件。
________________，the postman refused to deliver our letters.
答案：Bitten twice by the dog
4．我不知道谁能说服他放弃网络游戏。
________________________ who can persuade him to give up computer games.
答案：I have no idea/don’t know
5．虽然被同事提醒过了，那天开会他还是迟到了。
________________________， he was still late for the meeting that day.
答案：Reminded by his colleague
A卷
单句语法填空
1．____________(lack) experience，the young worker often makes mistakes.
答案：Lacking
2．Fallen rocks cut off the only access ____________ the remote village.
答案：to
3．However, there is still ____________ alternative approach.
答案：an
4．In fact, the boy is ____________(slight) different from his twin brother.
答案：slightly
5．He complains that there is some ____________(misunderstand) among them.
答案：misunderstanding
6．Whenever you buy a present, you first should think about the ____________(receive)．
答案：receiver
7．____________(design) for children, the album became popular with parents immediately it came out.
答案：Designed
8．The little dog looked down, only to see its ____________(reflect) in the lake.
答案：reflection
9．The young man didn’t know whether he would escape ____________(punish) this time.
答案：punishment
10．The other day I caught him ____________(remove) the computer from the room.
答案：removing
阅读理解
A
She’s rarely seen without an elegant handbag on her arm, but the question of what the Queen keeps inside it has long remained a mystery. Now a new book claims to cast light on the contents of the royal matriarch’s main possession.
What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets reveals that though the 81-year-old British monarch(君主) doesn’t carry cash, keys or passport—since she doesn’t own one—her bag is far from empty. Inside are a collection of little presents from her children, a make-up case, some family photos, and a camera sometimes. There’s also an s-shaped metal hook that she places on the dinner table’s edge to hang her bag from so that it doesn’t touch the floor.
Should you ever meet the Queen, it’s not what’s in her bag but what she does with it that should concern you. She uses her bags, of which she has about 200 made by London-based firm Launier, to send signals to her staff.
Before dining with Queen, a point is made to inform guests that dinner will end in about five minutes after she places her bag on the table top.
On walkabouts, she holds the bag to one side to show she intends to move on, at which point a lady-in-waiting joins the conversation, allowing her to slip away without causing offence.
When at a banquet, if the Queen’s bag is placed on the floor then it’s a sign that she’s not finding the conversation interesting, and wants nothing more than to escape. However, if the royal bag is dangling happily from the crook of her left arm, she is happy and relaxed.
【解题导语】 本文描述了女王的手提包里所装的东西以及她放包的位置所表达的含义。
1．What does the article tell us about the Queen’s handbag?
A．She seldom has it with her.
B．She always carries the same handbag.
C．It used to be thought empty.
D．Its contents are not the same as ours.
D 解析：主旨大意题。从第二段描述的内容来看，D为正确答案。由第一段第一句“She’s rarely seen without an elegant handbag on her arm”可排除A项；由第三段第二句“She uses her bags, of which she has about 200 made by London-based firm Launier，...”可排除B；C项在原文中未提及。故选D。
2．When is it necessary for the Queen to convey her intention with her bag?
A．When she is with guests.
B．When she eats outside.
C．When she has her staff around.
D．When she is tired of speaking.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第四段内容可知A为正确答案。故选A。
3．The Queen gives no signal when she ________．
A．hangs her bag on the metal hook
B．hangs her bag from her left arm
C．places her bag on the floor
D．puts her bag on the table top
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“There’s also an s-shaped metal hook that she places on the dinner table’s edge to hang her bag from so that it doesn’t touch the floor.”可知A项符合题意。故选A。
4．“What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets” is italicized(用斜体写) because that’s ________．
A．the very title of the article
B．the name of a book
C．the main information given in the article
D．what the writer wants to stress
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段最后“Now a new book claims to cast light on the contents of the royal matriarch’s main possession.”可知，下文是对这本新书的说明，推知“What’s In The Queen’s Handbag: And Other Royal Secrets”是书名，所以用了斜体。故选B。
B
What if our babies could somehow tell us what they’re thinking about, what they want, and what makes them unhappy? Robyn Holt, researcher for Baby Talk New Zealand, says they can. Holt heard about baby sign language through an advertisement and decided to go along to a workshop(研讨会)．
“Sign language is something that’s always interested me, and I thought, it could be really cool to try this with a baby because we are always guessing all the time what they actually want.”
Holt started using baby sign language with her baby son Benjamin, now 12, and within two weeks he started to sign the sign for milk. She has since used it with her two younger sons Dominic, 8, and Matthew, 3.
Baby sign language is nothing new: the practice (which is based on adult sign language) has been out in America for more than 30 years. But it is enjoying a rebirth in New Zealand.
The idea behind baby sign language is that babies do have the ability to communicate their needs if they are given the right tools to do so. Although many mothers develop an intuition(直觉) about whether their baby’s crying is from hunger, tiredness, or pain, baby sign language creates a direct form of communication that unlocks the__mystery．
When babies are between 6 months and 12 to 13 months, parents can begin to teach them sign language: use the sign for milk while feeding, and also talk about milk, so that the child begins to make the link in their brain. Then they can begin to add other signs, i．e. food, sick or pain.
“I know of one parent. Her child was signing the sign for hurt by his mouth, and she realised his first teeth were growing. It makes life so much easier，”said Holt.
【解题导语】 本文通过一个专家的描述讲述婴儿手势语对家长了解婴儿的需求是有帮助的。
5．Why did Holt go to the baby sign language workshop?
A．To entertain her own children.
B．To better understand babies’ needs.
C．To help babies with language problems.
D．To develop a new system of sign language.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，Holt对手语很感兴趣，想要尝试通过手语更好地了解婴儿的需要，因此参加了婴儿手势语研讨会。故选B。
6．According to the text, baby sign language ________．
A．has been used in New Zealand for 30 years
B．can easily make the parents understood
C．has developed from adult sign language
D．was designed by Robyn Holt
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Baby sign language is nothing new: the practice (which is based on adult sign language) has been out in America for more than 30 years.”可知，婴儿手势语是由成人手势语发展而来的。故选C。
7．What does the underlined part “the mystery” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The ability to communicate.
B．Mothers’ intuitions.
C．The cause of the baby’s crying.
D．Baby sign language.
C 解析：词义猜测题。画线部分所在句的意思是：婴儿手势语可形成一种直接的交流方式来让家长解开这个秘密。画线词指代上文提到的事情：许多妈妈通过直觉了解婴儿的哭是来自饥饿、疲惫还是疼痛；因此the mystery指上文所说婴儿哭泣的原因。故选C。
8．Holt mentioned a parent and her child to show baby sign language is ________．
A．helpful B．difficult
C．interesting D．special
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It makes life so much easier”可知，Holt提到这位家长和她的孩子是为了说明婴儿手势语对于家长和婴儿的交流是有帮助的。故选A。
七选五
The Iron Lady
Margaret Thatcher, known as the Iron Lady, was one of the toughest political women in the world.As the daughter of a businessman and mayor of Grantham, Margaret was educated at a very famous grammar school. 1.________ Upon graduation, she worked for four years as a research chemist. She then became a lawyer, doing an excellent job in taxation law, in 1954. Miss Margaret stood twice in elections for the Conservative Party before being elected to the House of Commons(下议院) in 1959. 2.________ After that she quickly became a spokesman for her party, and member of the Shadow Cabinet(影子内阁)．
3．________ Thatcher spent quite a lot of time visiting schools and universities, who encouraged people to be creative. After the Conservatives lost power in 1974, she was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet. She was elected leader of the Conservative Party in the following year. In May 1979, she became Britain’s first female prime minister, after the Conservatives regained power from Labor.
4．________ She fought against labor organizations. According to a figure reported by her government, traditional industries were reduced to around 15，000 in total and she also made social housing and public transport private.
She left office on November 28, 1990 after she failed to carry out a fixed rate local tax, which led to huge popular protest from within her party. In 1992, she was appointed to the House of Lords(上议院), as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven. In the last few years of her life, she has been busy with writing and public speech. This caused her increasingly poor health. 5.________
A．She got a degree in chemistry at Oxford University.
B．Also she built strong association with U．S. President Raegan.
C．In June 1970, she became secretary of state for education and science.
D．In power, she was best known for her reducing Britain’s traditional industries.
E．Therefore, she had to give up many chances of attending public activities.
F．Thatcher was appointed as a Minister in 1961.
G．Thatcher was well-known as a female leader.
【解题导语】 本文对Margaret Thatcher的学习及工作生涯进行了简单的介绍。
1．A 解析：根据“she worked for four years as a research chemist”可知这里意思是她在牛津大学获得了化学学位，毕业后，她作为一名化学家工作了四年，故选A。
2．F 解析：根据“After that she quickly became a spokesman for her party, and member of the Shadow Cabinet(影子内阁)．”可知这里意思是Thatcher被任命为部长，故选F。
3．C 解析：根据“Thatcher spent quite a lot of time visiting schools and universities, who encouraged people to be creative.”可知这里意思是，在1970年6月，她成为国家教育科学部的部长，故选C。
4．D 解析：根据“According to a figure reported by her government, traditional industries were reduced to around 15，000 in total and she also made social housing and public transport private.”可知这里意思是她当权时，最出名的就是减少了英国的传统工业，所以选D。
5．E 解析：根据“In the last few years of her life, she has been busy with writing and public speech. This caused her increasingly poor health.”可知这里意思是这使得她的身体健康状况越来越差，因此她不得不放弃许多参加公共活动的机会。
B卷
阅读理解
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarreling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
【解题导语】 本文讲述的是道路行车礼仪的话题。道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕。道路行车礼仪不仅是有礼貌的，而且也是有意义的，接下来介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行。
1．According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by ________．
A．road conditions
B．the speed of modern life
C．the behavior of the drivers
D．the large number of cars
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.”可知，路上的麻烦常常是由司机的行为造成的。故选C。
2．In the writer’s opinion, ________．
A．drivers should avoid traffic jams
B．strict traffic rules are badly needed
C．unskillful drivers should be punished
D．drivers should show road politeness properly
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.”和第三段中的“However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.”可知，依作者的观点，司机应该正确展示道路行车礼仪。故选D。
3．The underlined word “give-and-take” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A．politeness and impoliteness
B．good manners and bad manners
C．offering help to others as much as possible
D．willingness of each person to give in to each other’s wishes
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.”可知，多年前专家就曾警告我们，汽车拥有量的突增将需要所有的马路使用者更多的互谅互让，现在是我们该把这项警告铭记于心的时候了。故选D。
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Road Politeness
B．Traffic Problems
C．Bad Manners on the Road
D．Good Drivers and Bad Drivers
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“but manners on the road are becoming horrible”可知，道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕；再根据第二段中的第一句“Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.”可知，道路行车礼仪不仅有礼貌， 而且也有意义。接下来介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行，故选A。
完形填空
Tonight is one that I won’t easily be able to forget—and for good reason.
There’s this __1__ man that I see very often，and it’s always hard to drive past him，especially in these terrible __2__ conditions.Earlier today，as I __3__ past，we made eye contact and he waved.
My heart instantly __4__．I think about him a lot throughout the week，but that moment today was when I knew something had to __5__．
I drove home and __6__ two big warm blankets，a towel，instantly eatable food，gloves，a hat，and __7__ socks，and a few other things that may or may not be handy during this __8__ winter.
The more stuff I put in the __9__，the more I thought about that man，and the more I __10__ how much we take for granted without even meaning to.Earlier in the day I was __11__ how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow.But this man has been living in it for who knows how __12__．
Words can’t __13__ the moment of pure __14__ and hope of the man，which flashed in that man’s __15__ when the bags of supplies were __16__ by his feet.Not much was said，but a beautiful，hopeful，grateful hug was exchanged __17__ parting.
I’m so immensely__18__ for every little thing after today.I like to think that I don’t __19__ things for granted.I wish I could do more, and I wish I could help more people.I do what I can when I can and I think that’s __20__ for everyone to practice.
1．A.handsome B．homeless
C．lonely D．hopeless
B 解析：根据倒数第三段的“But this man has been living in it for who knows how ______．”可推知，他是一个无家可归的人。homeless意为“无家可归的”。故答案为B。
2．A.weather B．living
C．traffic D．working
A 解析：根据文章第四段的“...during this ______ winter”以及第五段的“...how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow”可知，此处指恶劣的天气条件。故答案为A。
3．A.walked B．flew
C．drove D．ran
C 解析：根据上文的“and it’s always hard to drive past him”可知，答案为C。
4．A.rose B．beat
C．sank D．cooled
C 解析：此处指作者看到那一幕心情很沉重。sink在此处表示“(心情)沉重”。
5．A.happen B．exchange
C．appear D．fail
A 解析：此处表示作者知道今天将有事情发生。故答案为A。
6．A.threw B．unfolded
C．collected D．bought
C 解析：此处表示作者收集一些东西给那个无家可归的人。collect表示“收集”。
7．A.cotton B．silk
C．soft D．thick
D 解析：在寒冷的天气里，无家可归的人需要厚(thick)袜子。
8．A.windy B．cloudy
C．freezing D．sunny
C 解析：此处表示在寒冷的冬天(freezing winter)里。
9．A.bag B．case
C．box D．car
A 解析：根据倒数第二段的“when the bags of supplies were”可知，答案为A。
10．A.understood B．realized
C．found D．saw
B 解析：往包里装的东西越多，作者考虑那个人就越多，也越意识到(realized)帮助他是理所当然的，不求回报。
11．A.complaining B．claiming
C．explaining D．wondering
A 解析：根据“how cold my hands were when I was digging my car out of the snow”可知，此处是在抱怨(complain)。
12．A.often B．soon
C．much D．long
D 解析：但是有谁会知道这个无家可归的人在冰冷的雪地里待了多久了。根据语境可知，答案为D。
13．A.show B．create
C．describe D．imagine
C 解析：他眼里所闪现出来的满足和希望之情，是无法用话语来描述(describe)的。故选C。
14．A.disappointment B．satisfaction
C．sadness D．regrets
B 解析：能得到陌生人的热情相助，这个无家可归的人自然应该是对生活充满希望和感到满足(satisfaction)。
15．A.eyes B．heart
C．words D．actions
A 解析：根据“flashed”可知，答案为A。
16．A.transported B．stepped
C．sent D．placed
D 解析：此处指把生活必需品放在(placed)他面前。
17．A.as B．while
C．after D．before
D 解析：此处指分手前作者和无家可归的人进行了拥抱。故选D。
18．A.regretful B．grateful
C．respectful D．careful
B 解析：此处表示作者以后会因为每一件小事而感到感激。grateful表示“感激的”。
19．A.think B．get
C．take D．bring
C 解析：此处表示作者不再认为有些事情是理所当然的。上文的“take for granted”是提示。
20．A.awesome B．intelligent
C．wise D．important
D 解析：践行这种善行对每个人来说都是非常重要的。故选D。
语法填空
English is now 1.____________(wide) used throughout the world. The English language 2.____________(make) up of grammar and vocabulary because people from different countries and cultures have lived together. Its 3.____________(develop) contains three stages: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.
In the fifth century, two Germanic groups occupied Britain. Old English 4.____________(consist) of a mixture of their languages. Unlike Old English, Middle English can be read, although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking people. Many factors contributed 5.____________ the development of Middle English. However, in 1066, the Normans took control of England，6.____________ did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had had about 600 years earlier. But French still had 7.____________ influence on the English language. This resulted even 8.____________(many) pairs of similar words. Modern English includes many Latin and Greek words. As we all know, English will continue changing in the future. It is certain that the 9.____________(change) process will continue and people will keep 10.____________(invent) new words and new ways of saying things.
1．widely 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。修饰used。widely adv.广泛地。
2．is made 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处意为：英语是由语法和词汇组成的。be made up of...由……组成。
3．development 解析：考查词性转换。Its后接名词。development n．发展。
4．consisted 解析：考查动词的时态。此处意为：由……组成， 是consist of...，此处是一般过去时。
5．to 解析：考查介词的用法。contribute to...导致，有助于。
6．which 解析：考查定语从句引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的事情，并在从句中作主语，故用which引导。
7．an 解析：考查冠词的用法。have an influence on/upon...对……有影响。
8．more 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：这就导致更多的成对的类似单词。故用比较级。
9．changing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动名词作定语。
10．inventing 解析：考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.一直做某事。
课件81张PPT。Unit 15 LearningSection Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3alternativereputationoutstandingselectlackdragworthwhilefellowreflectaccesspunishmentslightobeymisunderstandto a certain extentset offcontribute toadd up toat leastgive upFounded in 1896 what will become of my reputationI had no idea what an atom wascaught him and a friend seeingto goto closetoAlternativelyis reflectedonreflectionsee herself reflectedsee her own reflectiontoforafromto representselectionselectedchoosepickedtoofpour inhas been pouring cats and dogspoured out ofpoured outsettingto set动身；出发使爆炸；引爆引发lackingfortoaccessiblefor→toaccessible→accessworthvisitingconsidering of being considered/consideration/to be consideredto consider/consideringAbsorbedSeenmovedwhenthatthatheardsingingheard the students reading本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．His performance in the Olympics ____________(获得) him a good fame.
答案：acquired
2．He ____________(忽视，不理睬) all the “No smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.
答案：ignored
3．I hope this success will ____________(鼓舞) you to make greater efforts.
答案：inspire
4．He spoke up in ____________(辩护) of his beliefs.
答案：defence
5．Some food additives are regarded as ____________(有益的) to people’s health by the manufacturer.
答案：beneficial
6．I’m not ____________(习惯于) to getting up so early to do morning exercise.
答案：accustomed
7．They ____________(催促) the local government that the problem be handled as soon as possible.
答案：urge
8．You can join the class if your parents ____________(赞同)．
答案：approve
9．We are working on the ____________(假定) that the conference will take place as planned.
答案：assumption
10．As the sun went down，we cast long ____________(影子) on the lawn.
答案：shadows
单句改错
1．The teacher didn’t approve for her applying for the college, which made her upset.____________________
答案：第一个for→of
2．With all the work finishing, the young man left the office. ____________________
答案：finishing→finished
3．The boy has been accustomed to go to school by bus.____________________
答案：go→going
4．They urged that we collected money for the poor.____________________
答案：collected→(should) collect
5．I would appreciate that if you could give me a hand.____________________
答案：that→it
课文语篇改错
Francis Bacon thought whoever question much will learn and remember much. Now it seems obvious what we acquire knowledge and understanding. However, in the 17th century, people used believe more in religion than in facts. People with scientific new idea may be punished by the church, so people tended to ignored the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had believed.Till today, people still feel that someone important says something is right, it must be so. So sometimes great men might make the mistakes such as Aristotle and Galilei. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constant growing and changing. In other words，we learn more every day and none of us can simply say they know it all.
答案：
Francis Bacon thought whoever much will learn and remember much. Now it seems obvious we acquire knowledge and understanding. However, in the 17th century, people used believe more in religion than in facts. People with scientific new may be punished by the church, so people tended to the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had believed.Till today, people still feel someone important says something is right, it must be so. sometimes great men might make mistakes such as Aristotle and Galilei. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is growing and changing. In other words，we learn more every day and none of us can simply say know it all.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．As a matter of fact, my son is unwilling ____________(take) to the park tomorrow.
答案：to be taken
2. The government made the public aware that the plan was ____________(benefit) to everyone.
答案：beneficial
3. Many students urged that the school reading room ____________(keep) open during the vacation.
答案：(should) be kept
4．However, the visitor may not be accustomed to ____________(use) public telephones outside along the street.
答案：using
5．The fair has been approved ____________，and it will be carried out soon.
答案：of
6．It has been proved ____________ several new kinds of medicine have a positive effect on the cure of the disease.
答案：that
7．____________ all the work finished ahead of time，I feel relaxed and very happy to be reading the papers.
答案：With
8．The money ____________(need) to cure the little boy of his serious illness was soon collected.
答案：needed
9．He often uses different ways to inspire us ____________(study) hard.
答案：to study
10．The two boys are discussing whether the film is worthy to ____________(see)．
答案：be seen
阅读理解
One in ten teens says they use “study drugs” to improve their performance in school.So-called “study drugs” refer to prescription medicines(处方药) that are used to treat ADHD(注意力缺乏症)．But most parents have no understanding of the problem，a new study finds.
In January, 2013, researchers from the University of Michigan Mott Children’s Hospital did a national survey of more than seven hundred families with teens.They found that only one percent of parents believe their child has taken a study drug.
Yet in a 2012 University of Michigan study，ten percent of second-year high school students and twelve percent of third-year high school students say they use a study drug.
The misuse of study drugs didn’t come to the attention of almost all parents.“What we found in this survey is a clear mismatch(不协调)，” said Dr.Matthew Davis，one of the researchers.It is a mismatch between what parents believed and what their kids were reporting.
“We know teens are spreading the word that these drugs can improve their grades，” Davis said.“But these prescription medicines are drugs.And teens who use them without a prescription are taking a serious risk.”
The new survey showed that fifty-four percent of white parents were “very concerned” about their child taking study drugs，compared with thirty-eight percent of Hispanic(拉美的) parents and thirty-seven percent of black parents.
However，just twenty-seven percent of parents surveyed have talked to their teens about using study drugs.Of these parents，forty-one percent were black，twenty-seven percent were white and seventeen percent were Hispanic.
Students with a prescription for an ADHD drug should be required to keep their medicines in a safe place，such as the school nurse’s office.Seventy-nine percent of parents think so，the survey shows.This may help prevent it from being shared or used by other students.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明不少美国中学生滥用“学习药”，但许多家长对此并不知情。
1．According to Paragraph 4，Dr.Davis thinks ________．
A．the 2012 University of Michigan study is untrue
B．it is a good way to take study drugs to treat ADHD
C．some parents still don’t realize the study drug problem
D．it is necessary to do another new survey about study drugs
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三段的调查数字对比以及第四段Davis所说的“一些家长对孩子们滥用‘学习药’不知情，与这种严重的药物滥用现象很不协调”可推断，他认为一些家长没有意识到“学习药”滥用的问题。
2．Dr.Davis believed using study drugs to improve grades ________．
A．is worth a try B．is bad for health
C．sometimes works D．causes little harm
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“teens who use them without a prescription are taking a serious risk”可知，Davis认为滥用“学习药”对身体健康有害。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．ADHD. B．The survey.
C．A safe place. D．The study drug.
D 解析：代词指代题。由“Students with a prescription...in a safe place”可知，it指代的是医生给学生们开的治疗注意力缺乏症的“学习药”。
4．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To give useful advice.
B．To introduce a new drug.
C．To report a research result.
D．To explain what ADHD is.
C 解析：写作目的题。不少美国中学生服用“学习药”，以为能够提高学习成绩，但是许多家长对此并不知情。本文报道了美国密歇根大学关于这个现象的调查报告。
完形填空
Most stress is internal(内在的), caused by the way in which we relate to the world and events and people around ourselves. Stress is __1__ when there is a disconnection between our __2__ and our reality. When reality falls short of an expectation, it __3__ disappointment and that causes stress.
For example, let us say you drove your car to work today，your car was __4__ in the nearby parking lot, and you would leave __5__ today at 5: 00 p. m. You probably had an expectation that your car would be right where you __6__ it when you got to the parking lot this afternoon. Well, what if you were to __7__ at 5: 00 p. m. that your car had __8__？ I would imagine most of us would feel some __9__ if our car had been stolen!
But, what if you returned to the parking lot this afternoon and your car was __10__ where you left it this morning? You would insert(插入) the key and drive away. Would you __11__ stress over finding your car where you left it? No. Because when expectation and reality __12__，you don’t feel stress.
__13__ most of us will experience those larger __14__ in life, they are typically few so that our bodies have a __15__ to cope(应对) and recover. Rather, it is all the little disappointments that will really build up our stress.
The __16__？ Bring your realities up to your expectations. How? Through __17__ daily planning. Make sure that you plan to do the little things you want and expect to be done __18__ all the things you “have-to” do during the day. Build a daily action list that __19__ both the“have-to’s”and the“want-to’s”. Prioritize(排序) this list and handle them in the order of their __20__ to you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。当期望与现实脱节时， 人们就会感到压力。有效的日常计划可以帮助减轻压力。
1．A.reduced B．managed
C．caused D．placed
C 解析：由上文．..caused by the way...可知，此处是说什么情况下会“导致(caused)”压力。
2．A.dreams B．expectations
C．facts D．plans
B 解析：由下文中的When reality falls short of an expectation... causes stress.可知， 当我们的“期望(expectations)”与现实脱节时就会导致压力。
3．A.creates B．shows
C．follows D．avoids
A 解析：当现实没能达到期望时， 就会“产生(creates)”失望， 从而导致压力。
4．A.repaired B．parked
C．produced D．washed
B 解析：由下文中的parking lot可知， 你把车“停(parked)”在附近的停车场。
5．A.home B．school
C．class D．work
D 解析：由上文中的you drove your car to work可知， 此处指下午五点“下班(leave work)”。
6．A.got B．passed
C．left D．missed
C 解析：早上上班把车停放在停车场， 那下午下班自然是期望你的车就在你“停放(left)”的地方。
7．A.discover B．predict
C．imagine D．admit
A 解析：由上下文可知，此处是说“如果你下午5点发现(discover)……怎么办”。
8．A.started B．disappeared
C．stopped D．closed
B 解析：由下文中的our car had been stolen可知， 如果你发现你的车“不见了(disappeared)”呢？
9．A.stress B．fright
C．pain D．calmness
A 解析：发现车被偷， 我们中的大多数人会感到“压力(stress)”。
10．A.especially B．probably
C．exactly D．simply
C 解析：由上文中的right where you...it可知， 你的车“正好(exactly)”就在你早上停放的地方。
11．A.realize B．face
C．recognize D．experience
D 解析：由下文的feel stress可知， 此处表达的意思与其一致， 所以用“experience stress”， 表示“感到压力”。
12．A.add up B．match up
C．show up D．mix up
B 解析：由下文中的you don’t feel stress可知， 期望与现实“相吻合(match up)”。
13．A.Unless B．Since
C．When D．While
D 解析：由下文中的they are typically few可知， 前后句之间是让步关系， 故用“尽管(While)”。
14．A.changes B．challenges
C．disappointments D．failures
C 解析：尽管我们大多数人在生活中会经历那些较大的“失望(disappointments)”……
15．A.right B．wish
C．system D．chance
D 解析：但是这样的失望通常很少， 所以我们的身体有“机会(chance)”应对和恢复。
16．A.result B．process
C．goal D．solution
D 解析：由上下文语境可知， 此处指“解决办法(solution)”。
17．A.effective B．casual
C．new D．immediate
A 解析：“有效的(effective)”日常计划可以使得现实与期望达成一致。
18．A.as for B．in case of
C．instead of D．in addition to
D 解析：由下文中的both the“have-to’s”and the“want-to’s”可知， “除了(in addition to)”你需要做的事情， 保证做一些你想做的事情。
19．A.separates B．introduces
C．includes D．contributes
C 解析：此处承接上一句， 作者建议列一个每日行动单， “包括(includes)”你需要做的事情和你想做的事情。
20．A.necessity B．importance
C．time D．size
B 解析：由上文中的Prioritize(排序)可知， 按照“重要性(importance)”的先后顺序来处理这些事情。
B卷
阅读理解
A
On August 5，2013，Jeff Bezos，the CEO of Amazon，a well-known online company，has bought the Washington Post for D|S250 million.The owner of the largest online business in the world is now also the owner of one of the most famous newspapers in the world.
Bezos has shown that newspapers are entering the Internet Age.He thinks that the present way that newspapers are trying to make money，by throwing away the pay wall，is not the best way.People have gotten used to getting their content free over the Internet；however，the Pay wall is a system that prevents Internet users from reading webpage content without paying for it.He does see the dead tree version of newspapers is going away，except perhaps as a luxury item(奢侈品)．People may be persuaded to pay for subscriptions(订阅) to newspapers directly on their computers.
One thing Amazon has become skilled at is designing the shopping experience for every shopper，based on his or her shopping history.The products that get displayed on everyone’s front page are different from each other based on that history.For example，someone who bought science fiction in the past，may get science fiction shown on his or her front page，and at the same time he or she can still search for any goods and buy any of the items that Amazon offers to him or her.If one used some techniques to read newspapers，one might have his or her own front page.Sports news is shown for those who read newspapers for that type of news，business news for others and so on.
Bezos will see the change of traditional newspapers from just a newspaper in a digital form to something more suitable for each reader，tailored to each reader’s taste.
【解题导语】 Jeff Bezos是一个最大的商业公司的执行总裁，他花2.5亿美元买下了世界上最大的报纸华盛顿邮报。他准备调整华盛顿邮报，使其适应当今的网络时代。
1．What does Bezos think of the pay wall?
A．He thinks the pay wall helps readers.
B．He hopes to throw away the pay wall.
C．He thinks using the pay wall is necessary.
D．He thinks the pay wall doesn’t make money.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“He thinks that the present way that newspapers are trying to make money，by throwing away the pay wall，is not the best way.”可知Bezos认为抛掉阻止人们在网上免费阅读的系统是误导。他支持使用the pay wall。
2．In the eyes of Jeff Bezos，newspapers ________．
A．are a dead tree
B．are a luxury item
C．can interest readers
D．have a bright future
D 解析：推理判断题。根据Jeff Bezos花了2.5亿美元买了华盛顿邮报，又根据第二段的“People may be persuaded to pay for subscriptions(订阅) to newspapers directly on their computers.”推测出Jeff Bezos认为报纸能够赚钱，有光明的前途。
3．If someone has business news on his front page，it means ________．
A．he must be a businessman
B．he did that on purpose
C．he has a big company
D．he had read business news
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段“If one used some techniques to...”可知答案为D。
4．What will Jeff Bezos do with the Washington Post?
A．Use it to sell his products.
B．Change it for the Internet Age.
C．Sell it for a big price.
D．Make it become digital.
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Jeff Bezos将转变这个报纸，将它调整得适合当今的网络时代的需要，并符合每个读者的特别的口味。
B
I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies when I found a disturbing scene: my laptop was in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms.
I’d heard about the Internet addiction before, but I always thought it was something only limited to playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night. Now, it seemed my Internet-habit is slowly but surely crossing the line. Sometimes I find myself up at midnight, surfing the Web while my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog... just for something to do.
It turns out that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it hard to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their unnecessary Internet use from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape problems.
You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help her stay up for more online time. You may have noticed, though, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, at least, means a box of clothes go unwashed. It may also mean you’re missing much time with your baby—something you probably do care about.
【解题导语】 作者是一个家庭主妇。她在照看两个孩子时在使用电脑，由此想到了自己对于电脑的迷恋。作者叙述了家庭主妇们迷恋电脑对生活的影响，并从心理学上分析了这个现象。
5．From Paragraph 1, we can conclude that ________．
A．the author was busy taking care of her babies
B．the author’s job had something to do with computers
C．the author was not good at taking photos of her babies
D．the author looked after her babies while using the computer
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms.可知，作者在看孩子时在电脑上打字。故选D项。
6．The author used to think that the Internet addiction is ________．
A．using the web at midnight
B．keeping up with friends online
C．spending too much time online
D．being addicted to computer games
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的but I always thought it was something only limited to playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night可知，作者过去认为网瘾就是迷恋电脑游戏。故选D项。
7．In medical terms, the Internet addiction is ________.
A．a personal life habit
B．a way to escape problems
C．an official mental disorder
D．the unnecessary use of the Internet
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder.可知答案。
8．What does the author want to express in the last but one paragraph?
A．Many women still can control their online time.
B．The Internet addiction influences housewives’ lives a lot.
C．Going online has become a necessary part of women’s lives.
D．Many people don’t realize that they are addicted to the Internet.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据本段中的found that 14 percent of Internet users...as a way to escape problems可以推知，本段说的是网瘾对于家庭主妇们的生活有着很大的影响。
语法填空
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, 1.____________ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drink into 2.____________ popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3.____________(comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon！Afternoon tea, which 4.____________(design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a 5.____________(fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence(复苏) in its 6.____________(popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.7.____________ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 8.____________(enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9.____________(ask) to leave.
Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you 10.____________(try) it, you will agree.
【解题导语】 本文讲述的是英国最经典的传统——下午茶以及它在英国的发展和影响。
1．with 解析：考查介词。此处是“with＋宾语＋过去分词”的用法， 作伴随状语。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。pastime “娱乐； 消遣” 是可数名词， 此处表示泛指， 且popular以辅音音素开头， 所以前面要用不定冠词a。
3．comfortably 解析：考查词性转换。drinking是动词， 后面要用副词comfortably修饰。
4．was designed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。afternoon tea和design是被动关系， 再结合后面的 “要追溯到19世纪40年代” 可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态was designed。
5．fashionable 解析：考查词性转换。occasion是名词， 前面要用形容词修饰， 所以此处填fashionable。
6．popularity 解析：考查词性转换。its是形容词性物主代词， 后面要跟名词popularity。
7．Although/Though/While 解析：考查连词。 “it can be enjoyed at home” 和 “the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café” 在意思上是转折关系， 所以此处要用表示让步的连词Although/Though/While。
8．to enjoy 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表目的。
9．being asked 解析：考查非谓语动词。avoid后面跟doing, 此处应该是 “避开被要求”， 所以要用being asked。
10．have tried 解析：考查时态。句意： 我相信一旦你(已经)尝试了， 你就会赞成的。根据句意可知，“尝试” 的动作会产生 “赞成” 的结果， 所以这里用现在完成时。
短文改错
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw various robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, included playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
答案：
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, we saw various . It was to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people， playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, excited me most the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot about robots， about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it us feel more comfortable live in the world.
Section Ⅳ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corner
“Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much.”
—Francis Bacon (1561－1626)
It seems obvious now how we acquire① knowledge and understanding②. To start with③， you need questions. Then, to find answers, you observe④ the world around you and study the facts. After that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although⑤ today we are more accustomed to⑥ typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out⑦ for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis—luckily for us.
①acquire [?'kwaI?]vt.获得，得到
②it作形式主语，how引导的从句是真正主语。
③to start with＝to begin with首先
④observe vt.观察；遵守
⑤although引导让步状语从句，可与still, yet连用，不与but连用。
⑥be/get accustomed [?'k?st?md] to习惯于(to 为介词)
⑦spit out吐出
“勤于提问的人学到的更多，并且记忆更多。”——弗兰西斯·培根(1561－1626)
我们如何获取知识和理解现在似乎很显而易见。开始时，你需要问问题。然后，为了找到答案，你观察自己周围的世界，并且研究事实。之后，你考虑可能的答案，并且一一加以测试来找出正确的答案。虽然现在我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词，然后等待互联网给我们答案，现代的科学家和思想家们仍然在用这种分析方法来解决世界的问题——这对我们来说很幸运。
However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking⑧ was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against⑨ the views of the day⑩. Bacon held an important rank? under King James (1566－1625) of England but his true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic? details of the government, but the worthy? search for knowledge. This was certainly not the interest of most people in his day. At that time, people believed more in religion? than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei (1564－1642), who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence?. The church and many people tended to? ignore? the facts and were unwilling? to challenge what they had always comfortably believed?. They preferred to make assumptions? about the world based on( the experience of others(. In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe views that were almost 2000 years old！
⑧thinking['θI?kI?]n.思考，考虑
⑨go against违背；反对
⑩when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the 17th century；that引导宾语从句。
?rank[r??k]n.职衔
?bureaucratic[?bj??r?'kr?tIk]adj.官僚的
?worthy['w??ei]adj.值得的
be worthy to be done/of being done值得做某事
?religion[rI'l?d??n]n.宗教
?defence[dI'fens]n.保卫，保护
in defence of 保卫……
?tend to往往会，倾向于
?ignore[Iɡ'n??]vt.忽视，不顾
?unwilling[?n'wIlI?]adj.不情愿的
?what引导的从句作challenge的宾语。
?assumption[?'s?mp??n]n.假定，假设
on the assumption that...假定……
(be) based on 以……为基础
based on...是过去分词作后置定语。
然而，在17世纪，当弗兰西斯·培根提出这种思考方式是获取知识的方式时，他背离了当时的观念。在英国詹姆士国王(1566－1625)统治时期，培根是一位身居要位的官员，但是他真正的兴趣不在于政府每日的繁文缛节，而是对知识的不倦追求。这当然不是他那个时代大多数人的兴趣。那时，人们更多地相信宗教，而不是事实，像伽利略(1564－1642)那样证明了例如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚，而没有人为他们辩护。教会和许多人往往会忽视事实，不愿向自己一直相信的事实发出挑战。他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界作出假设。事实上，当伽利略证实了地球不是宇宙的中心时，人们不相信他的话，而相信几乎是两千年以前的观点。
It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward( by the great philosopher Aristotle (384－322 BC)(. He said that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. Galilei disagreed. At first, people approved of( his studies and urged( him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison(. They didn’t want to challenge( what they’d always thought was true.
This also shows how people didn’t want to search for( their own understanding or educate themselves. And this is still often true today. People feel that if someone important and respected( says that something is right, then it must be so. But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired( many great scientists and philosophers after him(, he was wrong at times. And Galilei too made mistakes. He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. In other words(, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back( and say, “We know it all”．
put forward提出
It is not surprising that...中，it是形式主语，that从句是真正主语；本句中还包含着一个as引导的原因状语从句。
approve[?'pru?v]v.赞成；认可；满意
approve of赞成，赞许
urge[??d?]vt.力劝，强烈要求
urge sb. to do sth.强烈要求某人做某事
put sb. in prison 把某人投入监狱
challenge v．向……挑战
search for搜寻；in search of寻找
respected adj.受尊敬的；受敬重的
inspire[In'spaI?]v.启发；鼓舞
inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
who引导定语从句，修饰a great man。
in other words换句话说；in a word总之
sit back坐下休息；袖手旁观
人们愿意相信这些古老的见解，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384－公元前322)提出来的，这毫不奇怪。亚里士多德认为地球是宇宙的中心，因为从感觉上来讲地球是静止不动的。伽利略不同意这种说法。起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是后来当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。他们不愿意挑战他们一直认为是正确的东西。
从这一点也可以看出，人们是多么不愿意追求自己对事物的理解或自己教育自己。在今天，这仍然是事实。人们认为，如果某位重要的和受尊敬的人说某事是正确的，那一定是正确的。但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了许多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会犯错误。伽利略也犯过错误。虽然他现在以天文学之父而闻名，但是他认为地球以一个精确的圆圈围绕太阳而转动。这是不正确的。因此，我们对周围世界的理解是不断的发展和变化的。换句话说，我们每天都在学习更多的东西，谁也不能悠闲地说：“我都知道。”
We need to thank the great men of the past for the wisdom to know that we don’t know it all and probably never will，for that would mean a world without questions(. So much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows( of conventional( thought in order to find the kingdom( of knowledge that today’s civilisation( is built upon. These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for(; more vital( to a man, and more beneficial( to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world.
“All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.”
—Galileo Galilei (1564－1642)
for是并列连词，表示原因。
shadow['??d??]n.阴影，影子；shadow指一个平面；而shade意为：阴凉处；指一个立体空间。
conventional[k?n'ven??n?l]adj.传统的，保守的
kingdom['kI?d?m]n.王国
civilisation[?sIv?laI'zeI??n]n.文明
civilise vt.使文明
fight for...为……而战； fight against同……进行斗争
vital['vaItl]adj.极其重要的；be vital to 对……极为重要
beneficial[?benI'fI??l]adj.有用的，有益的；
be beneficial to对……有益
我们要感谢历史上伟人的才智，它让我们懂得，我们不是什么都懂，也许我们永远有不懂的地方，因为那将意味着世界上没有问题了。我们今天对世界拥有这么多的知识和理解，是因为有培根和伽利略这样的人，为了发现建造今天文明的知识王国，他们勇敢地从传统思想的阴影中走出。他们懂得获得知识和理解是要奋斗的。有人说，对一个人或人类来说，它比世界上所有的金钱都重要，都有益。
“所有的真理一旦被发现都很容易理解；问题是要去发现它们。”
——伽利略(1564－1642)
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．How did most people learn about things in the 17th century?
A．They learned things by asking questions.
B．They learned things by observing the world around them.
C．They were used to thinking and testing.
D．They accepted religious belief and what Aristotle had said.
2．How do most people today get answers to things according to the writer?
A．They turn to the Internet.
B．They like the way people in the ancient times get answers to things by turning to the religious beliefs.
C．They fail to get the answers to the questions without the help of a computer.
D．Francis Bacon’s suggestion for getting answers is not suitable for today’s scientists and thinkers.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Francis Bacon?
A．Francis Bacon held an important rank under the rule of Henry Ⅷ.
B．What Francis Bacon was very interested in were bureaucratic details of the government.
C．He preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others.
D．He put forward that asking questions，thinking，observing and testing were the main features for learning.
4. Why did people choose to believe in religion and great people like Aristotle?
A．Because they wanted to believe the ancient views.
B．Because what the great men said was absolutely true.
C．Because they were so ignorant that they chose to believe the church.
D．Because they didn’t want to search for their own understanding or educate themselves.
答案：1－4.DADD
1．acquire vt. 获得，得到
2．worthy adj. 值得的
3．ignore vt. 忽视，不顾
4．urge vt. 力劝，强烈要求
5．inspire v. 启发；鼓舞
6．vital adj. 极其重要的
7．defence n．保卫，保护→defend v．保卫，保护
8．adapt vt.(使)适应→adaptation n．改编；适应
9．assumption n．假定，假设→assume vt.假定，假设
10．appreciation n．欣赏→appreciate vt.欣赏
11．beneficial adj.有用的，有益的→benefit n．益处 vt.有益于
12．unwilling adj.不情愿的→willing adj.愿意的
13．conventional adj.传统的，保守的→convention n．传统
1．be__accustomed__to 习惯于
2．tend__to 往往会，倾向于
3．approve__of 赞成，赞许
4．as__a__whole 总的来说
5．to__start__with 首先
6．put__forward 提出
1．it作形式主语
It__seems__obvious(显而易见) now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.
2．with＋宾语＋doing作状语
...were often punished by the church with__no__one__coming__to__their__defence(没有人为他们辩护)．
3．so that... 目的是……
My perfect school would be in the centre of the city, but near a big park so__that(以便于) students could go there after lunch to relax.
be accustomed to... 习惯于……
①(教材P42)Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us...
虽然现在我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词，然后等待互联网给我们答案……
②“We are accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，” he added.
“我们习惯于打包做所有的事情，”他补充说。
③He quickly got accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.
他很快适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
(1)accustomed adj. 通常的，习惯的
be/get/become/grow accustomed to...
对……(变得)习惯了；习惯于……
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯
accustom sb./oneself to... 使某人/自己习惯
于……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)She was a person accustomed to having(have) eight hours’ sleep a night.
(2)He had to accustom himself(he) to the cold weather.
(3)The old man was sitting in his accustomed(accustom) chair the other day.
tend to 往往会，倾向于
①(教材P42)The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.
教会和许多人往往会忽视事实，不愿向自己一直相信的事实发出挑战。
②Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny.
读者也倾向于分享令人兴奋或者好笑的文章。
(1)tend vt. 照管；护理(＝take care of/look after)
tend to do sth. 有做某事的倾向；有做某事的趋势
tend towards 趋向；走向；趋于……(＝tend to)
(2)tendency n. 趋势；倾向
have a tendency to do sth.
有做某事的倾向
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We tend to__take(take) technology for granted nowadays.
(2)I think they will tend to/towards stricter controls.
(3)There is a tendency(tend) for a new manager to make changes.
ignore v．忽视，不顾；不理睬
①(教材P42)The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.
教会和许多人往往会忽视事实，不愿向自己一直相信的事实发出挑战。
②We attach too much importance to our phones so that we ignore our friends.
我们太重视手机而忽略了我们的朋友。
③(谚语)Ignorance doesn’t kill you, but it makes you sweat a lot.
无知不会死人，但它会使你做事更费力。
④(名人名言)Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. —Durant
教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。——杜兰特
(1)ignore doing sth. 忽视做某事，对……不予理会
(2)ignorant adj. 无知的，不知道的
be ignorant of sth. 对……不了解，对……一无所知
(3)ignorance n. 忽视，不理睬
be in ignorance of... 对……完全不知情
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)He is ignorant(ignore) of even the simple rules.
(2)There is a lot of public ignorance(ignore) about how the disease is spread.
defence n．保卫，保护；防御
①(教材P42)．..were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.
……常常被教会惩罚，而没有人为他们辩护。
②(名人名言)Education is the chief defence of nations.
—Edmund Bruke
教育是国家的主要防御力量。——埃德蒙·伯克
③(名人名言)We shall defend ourselves to the last breath of man and beast. —William Ⅱ
只要一息尚存，我们就要为保卫自己而战。——威廉二世
(1)in defence of 保护
in one’s defence 站在某人一边，为某人辩护
(2)defend v. 保卫，防御
defend sb./sth.from/against sth.
保护某人/某物免受伤害
defend oneself 自卫
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defence(defend) of their own homes.
(2)That day only several people spoke in my defence(defend)．
(3)It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm and danger.
(4)You have a right to defend yourself(you) if you are being attacked.
assumption n．假定，假设；假想
①(教材P42)They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others.
他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界作出假设。
②A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.
许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
(1)make an assumption/make assumptions about/that... 对……作出假设，假定……
(2)assume vt. 假设，假定
assume sb./sth.to be...
假定/假设某人/某物是……
assume that... 假设……，认为……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……；假定……
Assuming /Supposing/Provided that...
假定/假如……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Assuming(assume) you are right, we’ll make a great deal of money from the project.
(2)It is__assumed(assume) that mental health is related to physical health.
(3)Don’t assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more.(assume)
[能力提升]——完成句子
(4)我一直以为这个女孩是美国人。
I have always assumed the girl to__be an American.
(5)假定那是真的，我们现在该怎么办？
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?
approve v．赞成；认可；满意
①(教材P42)At first，people approved of his studies and urged him to continue，but later when he proved Aristotle wrong... 起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是后来当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候……
②Father approved our plan to visit New York.
父亲同意了我们访问纽约的计划。
(1)approve of sb./sb.’s doing sth.
赞同/同意某人做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成， 同意； 批准， 通过
give one’s approval to 同意/批准……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)I approve of your trying(try) to earn some money, but please don’t influence your studies.
(2)I can’t give my approval(approve) to such an arrangement.
urge vt.敦促；鼓励；极力主张；驱策，促使；力劝，强烈要求
n．强烈的愿望
①(教材P42)At first，people approved of his studies and urged him to continue...
起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行……
②I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
以前我从没感觉到自己有学习任何手语的强烈欲望。
(1)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sth.on/upon sb. 向某人极力陈述某事
urge that... 主张……；力劝……
(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的
urge后跟that从句时，从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词为should＋动词原形，should可省略。
③I urged that we (should) take immediate action to prevent such thing happening again.
我极力主张应该立刻采取行动阻止这样的事情再发生。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The doctor urged me to__have(have) an X-ray test and then he could make a conclusion.
(2)He urged on his pupils the importance of hard work.
(3)People there are in urgent(urge) need of food and water.
adapt vt.(使)适应；改，修改，改编，改写(剧本等)
①(经典例句)For a start，it would be hard to adapt to a new culture.
在一开始，新的文化让人感觉很难适应。
②So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change.
所以即使现在(二氧化碳)排放量开始下降，我们仍然面临适应气候变化的挑战。
③This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original.
这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。
(1)adapt oneself to sth. 使某人自己适应或习惯于某事
adapt sth.to 使某事物适应或适合
adapt for... 使适合于……；为……改编(改写)
adapt from... 根据……改写(改编)
(2)adaptation n. 改编本
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)It was hard for her to adapt herself(she) to the new work.
(2)We must adapt our thinking to the new condition.
(3)As far as I know，the TV play is adapted from a true story.
(4)The play was an adaptation(adapt) of Jiang Shengnan’s novel.
as a whole 总的来说
①(经典例句)As a whole, I think that studying abroad can be a positive experience.
总的来说，我认为去国外学习是一次有意义的经历。
②His views are not popular with the townspeople as a whole.
他的观点总体上不受市民的欢迎。
(1)on the whole 大体上；基本上
the whole of... 整个……
(2)generally speaking 一般来说
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)总的来说，这是一次成功的会议。
It was a pretty good meeting on__the__whole．
(2)整个1月份我都没有上班。
I was off work for the whole of January.
(3)一般来说，我喜欢六月份到这条河里游泳。
Generally__speaking,__I like to go to swim in this river in June.
appreciation n．欣赏；感激
①(教材P45)However，there would also be some new optional subjects，for example，literary appreciation，astronomy，biochemistry，etc.
但是，也有一些新的可供选择的课程，如文学鉴赏、天文学、生物化学等。
②I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
如果您能尽快给我答复，我将不胜感激。
③Now, I appreciate the silence and the new way of communication it opens.
现在，我欣赏这种无声和开放的新的交流方式。
(1)in appreciation of... 因感激……
(2)appreciate v. 欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别
appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing
重视，感激
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)I will invite you to dinner in appreciation of your hard work this week.
(2)One’s appreciation(appreciate) of literature depends on one’s knowledge and taste.
(3)I would appreciate it greatly if you can take action at once.
[能力提升]——完成句子
(4)你的道歉和好意我们心领了，但我们希望你能想出解决这个问题的好方法。
We appreciate__your__apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter.
(5)被邀请到这里来做演讲，我真的很感激。
I really appreciate__being__invited here to give you a speech.
(教材P42)At that time，people believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei(1564－1642)，who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”，were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.
那时，人们更多地相信宗教，而不是事实，像伽利略(1564－1642)那样证明了例如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚，而没有人为他们辩护。
with的复合结构，在句中作状语，可表示原因、条件、伴随等。此结构还可作后置定语。with复合结构的构成：
①With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty finding the village.
由小男孩领路，我们找到这个村庄并不困难。
②With a lot of difficult problems to__settle(settle), the new manager works far into the night every day.
由于有很多难题要解决，新经理每天工作到深夜。
③With the key lost(lose), he had to wait for his mother outside the door.
钥匙丢了，他不得不在门外等妈妈。
(教材P42)It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384－322 BC)．
人们愿意相信这些古老的见解，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384－公元前322)提出来的，这毫不奇怪。
(1)这是一个主从复合句。It is＋adj.＋that...在该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
(2)用于该句型的常见形容词有：necessary，strange，clear，possible，natural，important，likely，obvious等。作为形式主语的it并无实际意义，只是为满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻，它代替的是句子的逻辑主语。
(3)it作形式主语的句式还有：
①It＋be＋过去分词＋that...
常见的过去分词有：said，reported，believed，supposed，ordered，(well) known，suggested等。
②It＋不及物动词＋that...
常见的不及物动词(短语)：seem，appear，happen，turn out，occur to等。
③It＋be＋名词短语＋that...
常见的名词短语有：a pity，a fact，a/no wonder，a/no surprise等。
①It is important that he should know about this.
他应该知道这件事，这是重要的。
②It__is__reported__that China launched its first heavy-lift Long March 5 carrier rocket on Nov.3, 2016.
据报道，在2016年11月3日中国发射了首个重型运载火箭长征5号。
③It__seemed__that she was sleeping then.
那时她好像在睡觉。
④It does not seem to__have__done(do) as much good as they hoped.
看起来这并没有像他们期望的那样起到很好的效果。
品句填词
1．His performance in the Olympics ____________(获得) him a good fame.
答案：acquired
2．He ____________(忽视，不理睬) all the “No smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.
答案：ignored
3．I hope this success will ____________(鼓舞) you to make greater efforts.
答案：inspire
4．He spoke up in ____________(辩护) of his beliefs.
答案：defence
5．Some food additives are regarded as ____________(有益的) to people’s health by the manufacturer.
答案：beneficial
6．I’m not ____________(习惯于) to getting up so early to do morning exercise.
答案：accustomed
7．They ____________(催促) the local government that the problem be handled as soon as possible.
答案：urge
8．You can join the class if your parents ____________(赞同)．
答案：approve
9．We are working on the ____________(假定) that the conference will take place as planned.
答案：assumption
10．As the sun went down，we cast long ____________(影子) on the lawn.
答案：shadows
单句改错
1．The teacher didn’t approve for her applying for the college, which made her upset.____________________
答案：第一个for→of
2．With all the work finishing, the young man left the office. ____________________
答案：finishing→finished
3．The boy has been accustomed to go to school by bus.____________________
答案：go→going
4．They urged that we collected money for the poor.____________________
答案：collected→(should) collect
5．I would appreciate that if you could give me a hand.____________________
答案：that→it
课文语篇改错
Francis Bacon thought whoever question much will learn and remember much. Now it seems obvious what we acquire knowledge and understanding. However, in the 17th century, people used believe more in religion than in facts. People with scientific new idea may be punished by the church, so people tended to ignored the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had believed.Till today, people still feel that someone important says something is right, it must be so. So sometimes great men might make the mistakes such as Aristotle and Galilei. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constant growing and changing. In other words，we learn more every day and none of us can simply say they know it all.
答案：
Francis Bacon thought whoever much will learn and remember much. Now it seems obvious we acquire knowledge and understanding. However, in the 17th century, people used believe more in religion than in facts. People with scientific new may be punished by the church, so people tended to the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had believed.Till today, people still feel someone important says something is right, it must be so. sometimes great men might make mistakes such as Aristotle and Galilei. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is growing and changing. In other words，we learn more every day and none of us can simply say know it all.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．As a matter of fact, my son is unwilling ____________(take) to the park tomorrow.
答案：to be taken
2. The government made the public aware that the plan was ____________(benefit) to everyone.
答案：beneficial
3. Many students urged that the school reading room ____________(keep) open during the vacation.
答案：(should) be kept
4．However, the visitor may not be accustomed to ____________(use) public telephones outside along the street.
答案：using
5．The fair has been approved ____________，and it will be carried out soon.
答案：of
6．It has been proved ____________ several new kinds of medicine have a positive effect on the cure of the disease.
答案：that
7．____________ all the work finished ahead of time，I feel relaxed and very happy to be reading the papers.
答案：With
8．The money ____________(need) to cure the little boy of his serious illness was soon collected.
答案：needed
9．He often uses different ways to inspire us ____________(study) hard.
答案：to study
10．The two boys are discussing whether the film is worthy to ____________(see)．
答案：be seen
阅读理解
One in ten teens says they use “study drugs” to improve their performance in school.So-called “study drugs” refer to prescription medicines(处方药) that are used to treat ADHD(注意力缺乏症)．But most parents have no understanding of the problem，a new study finds.
In January, 2013, researchers from the University of Michigan Mott Children’s Hospital did a national survey of more than seven hundred families with teens.They found that only one percent of parents believe their child has taken a study drug.
Yet in a 2012 University of Michigan study，ten percent of second-year high school students and twelve percent of third-year high school students say they use a study drug.
The misuse of study drugs didn’t come to the attention of almost all parents.“What we found in this survey is a clear mismatch(不协调)，” said Dr.Matthew Davis，one of the researchers.It is a mismatch between what parents believed and what their kids were reporting.
“We know teens are spreading the word that these drugs can improve their grades，” Davis said.“But these prescription medicines are drugs.And teens who use them without a prescription are taking a serious risk.”
The new survey showed that fifty-four percent of white parents were “very concerned” about their child taking study drugs，compared with thirty-eight percent of Hispanic(拉美的) parents and thirty-seven percent of black parents.
However，just twenty-seven percent of parents surveyed have talked to their teens about using study drugs.Of these parents，forty-one percent were black，twenty-seven percent were white and seventeen percent were Hispanic.
Students with a prescription for an ADHD drug should be required to keep their medicines in a safe place，such as the school nurse’s office.Seventy-nine percent of parents think so，the survey shows.This may help prevent it from being shared or used by other students.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明不少美国中学生滥用“学习药”，但许多家长对此并不知情。
1．According to Paragraph 4，Dr.Davis thinks ________．
A．the 2012 University of Michigan study is untrue
B．it is a good way to take study drugs to treat ADHD
C．some parents still don’t realize the study drug problem
D．it is necessary to do another new survey about study drugs
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三段的调查数字对比以及第四段Davis所说的“一些家长对孩子们滥用‘学习药’不知情，与这种严重的药物滥用现象很不协调”可推断，他认为一些家长没有意识到“学习药”滥用的问题。
2．Dr.Davis believed using study drugs to improve grades ________．
A．is worth a try B．is bad for health
C．sometimes works D．causes little harm
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“teens who use them without a prescription are taking a serious risk”可知，Davis认为滥用“学习药”对身体健康有害。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．ADHD. B．The survey.
C．A safe place. D．The study drug.
D 解析：代词指代题。由“Students with a prescription...in a safe place”可知，it指代的是医生给学生们开的治疗注意力缺乏症的“学习药”。
4．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To give useful advice.
B．To introduce a new drug.
C．To report a research result.
D．To explain what ADHD is.
C 解析：写作目的题。不少美国中学生服用“学习药”，以为能够提高学习成绩，但是许多家长对此并不知情。本文报道了美国密歇根大学关于这个现象的调查报告。
完形填空
Most stress is internal(内在的), caused by the way in which we relate to the world and events and people around ourselves. Stress is __1__ when there is a disconnection between our __2__ and our reality. When reality falls short of an expectation, it __3__ disappointment and that causes stress.
For example, let us say you drove your car to work today，your car was __4__ in the nearby parking lot, and you would leave __5__ today at 5: 00 p. m. You probably had an expectation that your car would be right where you __6__ it when you got to the parking lot this afternoon. Well, what if you were to __7__ at 5: 00 p. m. that your car had __8__？ I would imagine most of us would feel some __9__ if our car had been stolen!
But, what if you returned to the parking lot this afternoon and your car was __10__ where you left it this morning? You would insert(插入) the key and drive away. Would you __11__ stress over finding your car where you left it? No. Because when expectation and reality __12__，you don’t feel stress.
__13__ most of us will experience those larger __14__ in life, they are typically few so that our bodies have a __15__ to cope(应对) and recover. Rather, it is all the little disappointments that will really build up our stress.
The __16__？ Bring your realities up to your expectations. How? Through __17__ daily planning. Make sure that you plan to do the little things you want and expect to be done __18__ all the things you “have-to” do during the day. Build a daily action list that __19__ both the“have-to’s”and the“want-to’s”. Prioritize(排序) this list and handle them in the order of their __20__ to you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。当期望与现实脱节时， 人们就会感到压力。有效的日常计划可以帮助减轻压力。
1．A.reduced B．managed
C．caused D．placed
C 解析：由上文．..caused by the way...可知，此处是说什么情况下会“导致(caused)”压力。
2．A.dreams B．expectations
C．facts D．plans
B 解析：由下文中的When reality falls short of an expectation... causes stress.可知， 当我们的“期望(expectations)”与现实脱节时就会导致压力。
3．A.creates B．shows
C．follows D．avoids
A 解析：当现实没能达到期望时， 就会“产生(creates)”失望， 从而导致压力。
4．A.repaired B．parked
C．produced D．washed
B 解析：由下文中的parking lot可知， 你把车“停(parked)”在附近的停车场。
5．A.home B．school
C．class D．work
D 解析：由上文中的you drove your car to work可知， 此处指下午五点“下班(leave work)”。
6．A.got B．passed
C．left D．missed
C 解析：早上上班把车停放在停车场， 那下午下班自然是期望你的车就在你“停放(left)”的地方。
7．A.discover B．predict
C．imagine D．admit
A 解析：由上下文可知，此处是说“如果你下午5点发现(discover)……怎么办”。
8．A.started B．disappeared
C．stopped D．closed
B 解析：由下文中的our car had been stolen可知， 如果你发现你的车“不见了(disappeared)”呢？
9．A.stress B．fright
C．pain D．calmness
A 解析：发现车被偷， 我们中的大多数人会感到“压力(stress)”。
10．A.especially B．probably
C．exactly D．simply
C 解析：由上文中的right where you...it可知， 你的车“正好(exactly)”就在你早上停放的地方。
11．A.realize B．face
C．recognize D．experience
D 解析：由下文的feel stress可知， 此处表达的意思与其一致， 所以用“experience stress”， 表示“感到压力”。
12．A.add up B．match up
C．show up D．mix up
B 解析：由下文中的you don’t feel stress可知， 期望与现实“相吻合(match up)”。
13．A.Unless B．Since
C．When D．While
D 解析：由下文中的they are typically few可知， 前后句之间是让步关系， 故用“尽管(While)”。
14．A.changes B．challenges
C．disappointments D．failures
C 解析：尽管我们大多数人在生活中会经历那些较大的“失望(disappointments)”……
15．A.right B．wish
C．system D．chance
D 解析：但是这样的失望通常很少， 所以我们的身体有“机会(chance)”应对和恢复。
16．A.result B．process
C．goal D．solution
D 解析：由上下文语境可知， 此处指“解决办法(solution)”。
17．A.effective B．casual
C．new D．immediate
A 解析：“有效的(effective)”日常计划可以使得现实与期望达成一致。
18．A.as for B．in case of
C．instead of D．in addition to
D 解析：由下文中的both the“have-to’s”and the“want-to’s”可知， “除了(in addition to)”你需要做的事情， 保证做一些你想做的事情。
19．A.separates B．introduces
C．includes D．contributes
C 解析：此处承接上一句， 作者建议列一个每日行动单， “包括(includes)”你需要做的事情和你想做的事情。
20．A.necessity B．importance
C．time D．size
B 解析：由上文中的Prioritize(排序)可知， 按照“重要性(importance)”的先后顺序来处理这些事情。
B卷
阅读理解
A
On August 5，2013，Jeff Bezos，the CEO of Amazon，a well-known online company，has bought the Washington Post for D|S250 million.The owner of the largest online business in the world is now also the owner of one of the most famous newspapers in the world.
Bezos has shown that newspapers are entering the Internet Age.He thinks that the present way that newspapers are trying to make money，by throwing away the pay wall，is not the best way.People have gotten used to getting their content free over the Internet；however，the Pay wall is a system that prevents Internet users from reading webpage content without paying for it.He does see the dead tree version of newspapers is going away，except perhaps as a luxury item(奢侈品)．People may be persuaded to pay for subscriptions(订阅) to newspapers directly on their computers.
One thing Amazon has become skilled at is designing the shopping experience for every shopper，based on his or her shopping history.The products that get displayed on everyone’s front page are different from each other based on that history.For example，someone who bought science fiction in the past，may get science fiction shown on his or her front page，and at the same time he or she can still search for any goods and buy any of the items that Amazon offers to him or her.If one used some techniques to read newspapers，one might have his or her own front page.Sports news is shown for those who read newspapers for that type of news，business news for others and so on.
Bezos will see the change of traditional newspapers from just a newspaper in a digital form to something more suitable for each reader，tailored to each reader’s taste.
【解题导语】 Jeff Bezos是一个最大的商业公司的执行总裁，他花2.5亿美元买下了世界上最大的报纸华盛顿邮报。他准备调整华盛顿邮报，使其适应当今的网络时代。
1．What does Bezos think of the pay wall?
A．He thinks the pay wall helps readers.
B．He hopes to throw away the pay wall.
C．He thinks using the pay wall is necessary.
D．He thinks the pay wall doesn’t make money.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“He thinks that the present way that newspapers are trying to make money，by throwing away the pay wall，is not the best way.”可知Bezos认为抛掉阻止人们在网上免费阅读的系统是误导。他支持使用the pay wall。
2．In the eyes of Jeff Bezos，newspapers ________．
A．are a dead tree
B．are a luxury item
C．can interest readers
D．have a bright future
D 解析：推理判断题。根据Jeff Bezos花了2.5亿美元买了华盛顿邮报，又根据第二段的“People may be persuaded to pay for subscriptions(订阅) to newspapers directly on their computers.”推测出Jeff Bezos认为报纸能够赚钱，有光明的前途。
3．If someone has business news on his front page，it means ________．
A．he must be a businessman
B．he did that on purpose
C．he has a big company
D．he had read business news
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段“If one used some techniques to...”可知答案为D。
4．What will Jeff Bezos do with the Washington Post?
A．Use it to sell his products.
B．Change it for the Internet Age.
C．Sell it for a big price.
D．Make it become digital.
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Jeff Bezos将转变这个报纸，将它调整得适合当今的网络时代的需要，并符合每个读者的特别的口味。
B
I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies when I found a disturbing scene: my laptop was in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms.
I’d heard about the Internet addiction before, but I always thought it was something only limited to playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night. Now, it seemed my Internet-habit is slowly but surely crossing the line. Sometimes I find myself up at midnight, surfing the Web while my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog... just for something to do.
It turns out that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it hard to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their unnecessary Internet use from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape problems.
You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help her stay up for more online time. You may have noticed, though, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, at least, means a box of clothes go unwashed. It may also mean you’re missing much time with your baby—something you probably do care about.
【解题导语】 作者是一个家庭主妇。她在照看两个孩子时在使用电脑，由此想到了自己对于电脑的迷恋。作者叙述了家庭主妇们迷恋电脑对生活的影响，并从心理学上分析了这个现象。
5．From Paragraph 1, we can conclude that ________．
A．the author was busy taking care of her babies
B．the author’s job had something to do with computers
C．the author was not good at taking photos of her babies
D．the author looked after her babies while using the computer
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms.可知，作者在看孩子时在电脑上打字。故选D项。
6．The author used to think that the Internet addiction is ________．
A．using the web at midnight
B．keeping up with friends online
C．spending too much time online
D．being addicted to computer games
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的but I always thought it was something only limited to playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night可知，作者过去认为网瘾就是迷恋电脑游戏。故选D项。
7．In medical terms, the Internet addiction is ________.
A．a personal life habit
B．a way to escape problems
C．an official mental disorder
D．the unnecessary use of the Internet
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder.可知答案。
8．What does the author want to express in the last but one paragraph?
A．Many women still can control their online time.
B．The Internet addiction influences housewives’ lives a lot.
C．Going online has become a necessary part of women’s lives.
D．Many people don’t realize that they are addicted to the Internet.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据本段中的found that 14 percent of Internet users...as a way to escape problems可以推知，本段说的是网瘾对于家庭主妇们的生活有着很大的影响。
语法填空
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, 1.____________ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drink into 2.____________ popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3.____________(comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon！Afternoon tea, which 4.____________(design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a 5.____________(fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence(复苏) in its 6.____________(popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.7.____________ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 8.____________(enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9.____________(ask) to leave.
Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you 10.____________(try) it, you will agree.
【解题导语】 本文讲述的是英国最经典的传统——下午茶以及它在英国的发展和影响。
1．with 解析：考查介词。此处是“with＋宾语＋过去分词”的用法， 作伴随状语。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。pastime “娱乐； 消遣” 是可数名词， 此处表示泛指， 且popular以辅音音素开头， 所以前面要用不定冠词a。
3．comfortably 解析：考查词性转换。drinking是动词， 后面要用副词comfortably修饰。
4．was designed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。afternoon tea和design是被动关系， 再结合后面的 “要追溯到19世纪40年代” 可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态was designed。
5．fashionable 解析：考查词性转换。occasion是名词， 前面要用形容词修饰， 所以此处填fashionable。
6．popularity 解析：考查词性转换。its是形容词性物主代词， 后面要跟名词popularity。
7．Although/Though/While 解析：考查连词。 “it can be enjoyed at home” 和 “the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café” 在意思上是转折关系， 所以此处要用表示让步的连词Although/Though/While。
8．to enjoy 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表目的。
9．being asked 解析：考查非谓语动词。avoid后面跟doing, 此处应该是 “避开被要求”， 所以要用being asked。
10．have tried 解析：考查时态。句意： 我相信一旦你(已经)尝试了， 你就会赞成的。根据句意可知，“尝试” 的动作会产生 “赞成” 的结果， 所以这里用现在完成时。
短文改错
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw various robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, included playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
答案：
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, we saw various . It was to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people， playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, excited me most the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot about robots， about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it us feel more comfortable live in the world.
课件76张PPT。Unit 15 LearningSection Ⅳ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corneracquireworthyignoreurgeinspirevitaldefenceadaptassumptionappreciationbeneficialunwillingconventionalbe accustomed totend toapprove ofas a wholeto start withput forwardIt seems obvious with no one coming to their defenceso thathavinghimselfaccustomedto taketo/towardstendencyignorantignorancedefencedefencefromyourselfAssumingis assumedassumeassumptionsto beAssumingtryingapprovalto haveonurgentherselftofromadaptationon the wholewholeGenerally speakinginappreciationitappreciate your apologiesappreciate being invitedto settlelostIt is reported thatIt seemed thatto have done本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
单句语法填空
1．____________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.
答案：Should
2．____________ you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.
答案：If
3．____________ their bravery, we would have lost all our money.
答案：Without
4．I was ill that day.____________，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
答案：Otherwise
5．I would have written to you, ____________ there was no time.
答案：but
6．If I were to do it, I ____________(do) it in a different way.
答案：would do
7．____________ I you，I would go with him to the party.
答案：Were
8．How I wish I ____________(listen) to my parents’ advice then.
答案：had listened
9．The workers in the factory demanded that their pay____________(raise) by 20 percent.
答案：(should) be raised
10．He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he ____________(be) a Chinese.
答案：were
阅读理解
A
A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.
“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students，”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression.Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.
The idea for the human intervention(干预) came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says.
“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health，”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果，即将冥想和有氧运动结合起来去治疗抑郁有很明显的效果。
1．What made the research so different?
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk.
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression.
C．Treating depression with special medicine.
D．Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”可知，这次研究中所使用的治疗抑郁的方法是第一次将冥想和有氧运动两种途径结合了起来。因此这次研究显得很不同。故选B。
2．The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A．fighting B．identifying
C．distinguishing D．examining
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，将冥想和有氧运动结合起来对治疗抑郁有很明显的效果，因此“combating”的意思应该为“防止；与……作斗争”，与fighting意思一样。故选A。
3．What did the participants do in the research?
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.
B．They thought quietly and then took exercise.
C．They took exercise longer than they thought.
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.”可知，参与这项研究的实验对象先冥想30分钟，然后再做30分钟的有氧运动。故选B。
4．What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?
A．To find out certain brain cells of humans.
B．To study the production of new brain cells.
C．To offer people a new method to treat stress.
D．To decide the links between stress and exercise.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“...she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events”可知，Shors 所进行的研究的主要目的是帮助人们获得一些新的应对压力的技能。故选C。
B
Extra-curricula(课外课程) in high school are a great benefit to students，so it is important to find time for at least one.They’re a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possible future careers.However，sometimes it can be hard to make decisions about extra-curricula.Keep these suggestions in mind.
Part of the fun of clubs，activities，and sports is the thing itself.If you love to write，then working on the school newspaper or magazine will give you a chance to express yourself and develop your skills.Do something because you simply enjoy it.
Maybe your mom was a cheerleader and has always dreamt of her little girl on the squad(班，小队)，or your dad wants you to be part of the newspaper staff because he’s a reporter himself.If this is happening to you and you’re not sure whether you really want to do it，have a try and give it up if you really don’t like it.Just as important are the friends you’ll make by taking part in these activities.It can be hard to make friends in your regular classes or the lunchroom，but taking part in a club or team is a great way to meet kids who have the same interests.By spending time together and working for the same goal，you’ll have the chance to form lasting friendships.
However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friends are doing it.This might get you stuck in something you’re not that into，or keep you from exploring new hobbies and sports.
5．We can infer that this passage is written to________．
A．tell students how to make new friends at school
B．advise students to get along well with their parents
C．give students some suggestions about extra-curricula
D．explain why it is important to have extra-curricula at school
C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者的写作目的是告诉高中生一些关于参加课外课程的建议。
6．According to Paragraph 1，which of the following is NOT a reason why students should have extra-curricula?
A．They can help students make new friends.
B．Students can enjoy themselves by doing them.
C．They may help students form a good habit of self-study.
D．They may help students find good jobs in the future.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They’re a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possible future careers.”可知A、B、D项都是原因，但作者没有说参加课外课程可以帮助学生养成自学的好习惯，故选C项。
7．What does the writer suggest students do in Paragraph 2?
A．Join a club or a sport team.
B．Work on the school newspaper.
C．Find a chance to express themselves.
D．Choose extra-curricula that students really like.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Do something because you simply enjoy it.”可知应选D项。
8．According to the passage，which of the following is WRONG?
A．Students should not always do whatever their parents want them to do.
B．Extra-curricula activities are very good for high school students.
C．Students should join an activity because their friends are doing it.
D．Taking part in a club is a good way to find friends who have the same interests.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friends are doing it.”可知，不应该因为朋友参加哪项活动你就参加，故C项错误。
语法填空
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform a simple and random act of kindness. Not 1.____________(understand) the homework, the students didn’t know what to do. Chuck didn’t answer their questions. 2.____________， he encouraged his students to work it out by themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom and began sharing their stories 3.____________(excited). One reported on helping a poor dog 4.____________(abandon) by its owner. Another student told others about giving blankets away to the homeless. Gradually, more and more students developed the habit of doing such kind acts, from 5.____________ they benefited a lot.
Since then, similar kind acts 6.____________(perform) in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th，7.____________(celebrate) World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a 8.____________(differ) kind act, such 9.____________ making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service or raising money for a charity. In this way, students learn to consider other people and think about how small actions can make the world a 10.____________(good) place.
1．understanding 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作状语，表示主动。
2．Instead 解析：考查副词的用法。句意：相反地，他鼓励学生自己找出答案。
3．excitedly 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。excitedly adv.兴奋地。
4．abandoned 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
5．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处是from＋which, 用来引导定语从句。benefit from...从……受益。
6．have been performed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据since then可知用现在完成时，此处表示被动意义。
7．to celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表示目的。
8．different 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语，修饰act。
9．as 解析：考查介词的用法。such as...例如……
10．better 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处意为：使世界成为一个更好的地方。故用比较级。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”， said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems(M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.
“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous，” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor，” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
【解题导语】 本文为科普短文，介绍由美国密苏里大学研究者所开发的核能电池的情况。
1．Which of the following is TRUE of Jae Kwon?
A．He teaches chemistry at MU.
B．He is working on a nuclear energy source.
C．He developed a chemical battery.
D．He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.”及第三段的叙述可知，Kwon在研究一种核能电池。故选B。
2．Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 ________．
A．to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
B．to show chemical batteries are widely applied
C．to introduce various energy sources
D．to describe a nuclear-powered system
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知Kwon举例的目的是为了说明核能电池是安全性。故选A。
3．Liquid semiconductor is used to ________．
A．get rid of the radioactive waste
B．test the power of nuclear batteries
C．reduce the damage to lattice structure
D．decrease the size of nuclear batteries
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor，”及“By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”可知，通过使用液态半导体材料，可减少对晶体结构的破坏。故选C。
B
Brazil Enjoys Carnival
You may have heard the music and dancing from the other side of the world when Carnival took place in Rio, Brazil. In the middle or late February, the festival officially began, lasting about three days. So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world?
Carnival is a crazy six-day celebration that happens around 40 days before the Christian Easter Festival. It happens at the hottest time in summer in Rio and marks the time before the start of Lent, a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like. Those who take part in Carnival make the most of this opportunity to have fun by enjoying themselves as much as possible. They dance, wear colorful costumes and have a great time.
Carnival time has a soundtrack(声带) of samba music, a type of music that is completely Brazilian. During Carnival, the 14 best samba schools in Rio are each given the chance to show off their music and dancing, joined by 200 to 400 drummers(鼓手)．
And it’s not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds. According to Lonely Planet, some of the schools are “open to travelers who may be passing through town and are prepared to practice for weeks, learning a song, buying a brightly-colored costume and wearing it in front of tens of thousands of people”．
At the end, judges decide who brings the best dance moves, looks, words and heart to Carnival. And the winner is the pride of Brazil.
Overall, Carnival is about having a good time. Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.
Would you like to go to Carnival in the future? Will you try to find ways to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life? The party seems to get bigger, better, and more colorful every year.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了巴西狂欢节的相关情况。
4．What can we learn about Rio Carnival from the passage?
A．It has the longest history of any carnival.
B．It takes place about 40 days after Easter.
C．It begins during the coldest days in winter.
D．It is a festival celebrated by both locals and travelers.
D 解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的“So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world？”和第四段第一句中的“it’s not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds”可知，选D。
5．According to the passage, Lent is a time when________．
A．Christians start to have fun
B．Christians stay with their families
C．Christians can’t do things they enjoy
D．Christians take part in religious activities every day
C 解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“Lent，a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like”可知，选C。
6．We can conclude from the passage that during Rio Carnival，________．
A．the best schools in Brazil focus on creating new dances and music
B．people fully enjoy the music and parties on the streets
C．many locals start to learn about samba music and dancing
D．a competition is held to find the strangest costumes
B 解析：细节理解题。从第六段中的“Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.”可知，选B。
7．Which of the following aspects of Carnival are mentioned in the article?
a．its origins B．its spirit
c．its celebrations D．its rules
A．a，b B．b，c
C．b，d D．c，d
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中提到的各种庆典活动和最后一段中的“Will you try to find ways to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life？”可知，选B。
短文改错
On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of interested things to celebrate Mother’s Day.At the beginning of the activity，they organize a competition in which the one who made the most meaningful gift would win.
Apart from it，students wrote letters to express thank to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When hear “I love you”，parents looked at to their children mildly.They were deep moved，most of them were with tears in their eyes.
This wonderful activity gives them the great opportunity to care about our parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it.
答案：
On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of things to celebrate Mother’s Day.At the
beginning of the activity，they a competition in which the one who made the most meaningful gift would win.
Apart from it，students wrote letters to express to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When “I love you”，parents looked at their children mildly.They were moved，most of were with tears in their eyes.
This wonderful activity gives them great opportunity to care about parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it.
书面表达
请以“Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit”为题写一篇短文。内容要点如下：
1．报纸是重要传媒(media)，看报能获得国内最新消息……
2．报纸能丰富我们的生活，上面有……
3．对我们学英语的人来说，看类似《中国日报》这样的英文报纸，……
注意：词数100左右。
Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit
Newspapers are important media. They can provide all kinds of latest news from both at home and abroad, which can help us understand the world better.
Newspapers can also make our life rich. In newspapers, we can read stories about a variety of people，and find weather reports, introductions to new books, advertisements on travelling and so on.
As English learners, reading newspapers in English, such as China Daily, is one of the best ways to improve our English. There are many words, phrases and structures for us to learn. And what’s more, we can acquire abundant knowledge of history, culture and society.
Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
虚拟语气
单句语法填空
1．If I were you，I ____________(go) to see the old man with your father once a week.
答案：would go
2．If it ____________(rain) next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest.
答案：rained/should rain
3．If you had worked harder, you ____________(enter) the key university.
答案：would have entered
4．He felt very tired yesterday, or he ____________(go) to help you.
答案：would have gone
5．If you ____________(get) earlier, you would have met Mr. Wang.
答案：had got
一、条件句中的虚拟语气
类 别
用 法
例 句
if引导的条件句
与现在事实相反
从句谓语动词：过去式(be用were)
主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If they were attacked，
these cars would be strong enough to protect them.
如果他们遭受袭击，这些车厢足够牢固来保护他们。
与过去事实相反
从句谓语动词：had＋过去分词
主句谓语动词：
should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
If he had not been in an open car，he wouldn’t have been shot.
他若不在敞篷汽车内，就不会被射击。
与将来事实相反
从句谓语动词：过去式/were＋不定式/should＋动词原形
主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If it rained/were
to rain/should rain
tomorrow，we would not go camping.
若明天下雨，我们就不去野营。
if引导的条件句的倒装
如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有were，had或should，可将if省略，然后将were，had或should移至主语之前
Had we made a great effort，we might have succeeded.
(＝If we had made a great effort，we might
have succeeded.)
如果我们做出了巨大努力，也许已经成功了。
二、从句中的虚拟语气
类 别
用 法
例 句
宾语从句
表示建议、要求、命令的demand，suggest，order，insist等后接的从句中谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形
He suggested that we(should) not change our mind.
他建议我们不要改变主意。
wish后的从句中的谓语动词分别用一般过去时、过去完成时和hould/would/could/might＋动词原形时，它们分别表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反
I wish I could be a pop singer.
我希望我能成为一名流行歌手。
主语从句
在“It is necessary/important/strange/suggested/demanded/ordered/requested＋that从句”中，谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形
It is strange that such a person (should) be our friend.
奇怪的是这样一个人成了我们的朋友。
表语从句和同位语从句
在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略
My idea is that we(should)think it over before accepting it.
我的意见是在接受之前我们要反复考虑。
三、特殊句式中的虚拟语气
类 别
用 法
例 句
混合条件句的虚拟语气
有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们表示的时间加以调整
If it had rained last night，it would be very cool today.
要是昨晚下雨了，今天将会很凉爽。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
(1)用连词otherwise，or，but 等暗示前面表示虚拟
(2)用but for，without等介词(短语)表示条件
The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. 要不是船长的努力，这艘船和船上的一切都将会沉没。
其他句型
would rather所接的从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(对现在/将来虚拟)或者过去完成时(对过去虚拟)
I would rather you stayed at home now. 我宁愿你此刻待在家里。
It is (high) time (that)．..句型中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形，should不可省略
It’s high time that we left.
到我们离去的时间了。
if only后面的谓语动词常用一般过去时(对现在虚拟)、过去完成时(对过去虚拟)与过去将来时(对将来虚拟)，表示强烈的愿望
If only our dream had come true!
要是我们的梦想都实现了，该多好啊！
as if引导的状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或过去完成时
They are talking as if they had been friends for years.
他们谈话的样子好像已是多年的朋友一样。
单句语法填空
1． If the new safety system ____________(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
答案：had been put
2．—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ____________(not be) able to reach her yesterday.
答案：wouldn’t have been
3．We wish you ____________(come) to our English evening last week.
答案：had come
4．If she ____________(invite) me yesterday, I would have gone to the party.
答案：had invited
5．The doctor suggested that he ____________(try) to lose his weight.
答案：(should) try
6．What do you think of his proposal that we ____________ (put) on a play at the English Corner?
答案：(should) put
7．It is necessary that he ____________(send) to Beijing right away.
答案：(should) be sent
8．It’s requested that we ____________(keep) the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
答案：(should) keep
9．If you hadn’t helped us, we ____________(not finish) the whole work so easily.
答案：wouldn’t have finished
10．I was very busy then, or I ____________(help) you.
答案：would have helped
单句改错
1．If I have time, I would go to see the children in the centre.____________________
答案：have→had
2．The doctors suggested the boy was operated on at once.____________________
答案：was→(should) be
3．It is high time that we make good use of every minute to study.____________________
答案：make→made/should make
4．It is requested that everyone will go to the library this weekend.____________________
答案：will→should
5．But for his suggestion, we will not have finished the work in two days.____________________
答案：will→would
语法与写作
1．没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
Without your instruction, I ________________________．
答案：would not have made such great progress
2．如果你早些来，你就不会错过那场电影了。
If you had come here earlier, ________________________________________________.
答案：you wouldn’t have missed the film
3．他建议我们向一位专家咨询一下。
He suggested that ________________________．
答案：we should consult with an expert
4．我们采取措施来保护环境是非常重要的。
It is vital that ________________________________．
答案：we should take measures to protect the environment
5．昨天你本该待在家里，但是你没有。
You ________________________________， but you didn’t.
答案：should have stayed at home yesterday
如何写说明文
文体感知
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的文字介绍事物、解释事理，使人获得某种知识的文体。说明文的目的是让读者有所知，给读者提供知识，使之了解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。在书面表达试题中，说明文常以图画、图表或文字提示的方式出现。
写说明文时，应注意以下几点：
1．收集与题目相关的资料，限定要说明的事物和范围。
2．层次安排得当，下笔前，先拟提纲，说明需有条不紊。
3．说明切题，字句紧凑，可适当举例说明。
4．说明文中用一般现在时进行陈述，有时可能有时态的变化，需认真审题。
5．说明文的结构可遵循“引子—正文—结束语”的模式。
增分佳句
1．It is located/situated in...
2．It lies between...and...
3．Opposite to the...stands...
4．Next to the door there is a．..
5．...is a new kind of...produced by...
6．Made of..., it is light, small, and easy to carry.
7．China is a large country with rich history and much population.
8．Nowadays it is common to use...
9．As is known to all, it is important to...
10．With the development of..., there is an increasing need for people to know how to...
11．The first thing to do is...
写作要求
《21世纪学生英语报》是一份广受师生欢迎的刊物，请根据以下内容介绍这份报纸。内容包括：
1．出版地及周期：北京，每周一期；
2．特色：内容丰富，图文并茂，版面设计新颖；
3．办报宗旨：帮助同学们获得英语知识和技能，提高英语水平，拓宽视野；
4．深受同学们的喜欢。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头已给出，但不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
21st Century Teens is a very popular English newspaper，_____________________
________________________________________________________________________
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
说明文
话题
介绍《21世纪学生英语报》
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①不同种类的版面 ________________
②其中包括 ________________
③获得信息 ________________
④当前 ________________
⑤使丰富 ________________
⑥另外 ________________
⑦版面设计 ________________
⑧给……提供…… ________________
⑨对……有帮助 ________________
⑩拓宽视野 ________________
答案：①different kinds of sections ②including ③get the information ④currently ⑤enrich ⑥in addition/besides ⑦page layout ⑧provide...with... ⑨be helpful to ⑩broaden one’s horizon
2．句式
①《21世纪学生英语报》是一份受欢迎的刊物，在北京出版，每周一期。
一般表达：
21st Century Teens is a very popular English newspaper and it is published in Beijing each week.
高级表达：(用which引导的定语从句改写)
21st Century Teens is a very popular English newspaper, ________________________．
②通过阅读这份报纸，你可以获得当前世界上发生的事情的信息，并且它还是丰富你的英语词汇的好方法。
一般表达：
By reading the newspaper, you can get the information of what has happened in the world currently and it’s also a good way to enrich your English vocabulary.
高级表达：[用not only...but (also)．..改写]
By reading the newspaper, not only ________________________ what has happened in the world currently, ____________________ enrich your English vocabulary as well.
③这份报纸旨在通过给学生提供英语知识和技能来帮助学生提高英语水平。
一般表达：
The newspaper is aimed to help students to improve their English by providing them with English knowledge and technique.
高级表达：(使用不定式作表语)
The aim of the newspaper is ____________________ by providing them with English knowledge and technique.
答案：①which is published in Beijing each week
②can you get the information of; but it’s a good way to
③to help students to improve their English
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
21st__Century__Teens__is__a__very__popular__English__newspaper,__which is published in Beijing each week. The edition has different kinds of sections, including food, science, culture and so on. By reading the newspaper, not only can you get the information of what has happened in the world currently, but it’s a good way to enrich your English vocabulary as well. In addition, page layout is novel and attractive with vivid pictures and interesting articles. The aim of the newspaper is to help students to improve their English by providing them with English knowledge and technique. Besides, it can be helpful to broaden our horizons. It’s no wonder that 21st Century Teens enjoys great popularity among teachers and students.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．____________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.
答案：Should
2．____________ you had just followed my advice, you would be better now.
答案：If
3．____________ their bravery, we would have lost all our money.
答案：Without
4．I was ill that day.____________，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
答案：Otherwise
5．I would have written to you, ____________ there was no time.
答案：but
6．If I were to do it, I ____________(do) it in a different way.
答案：would do
7．____________ I you，I would go with him to the party.
答案：Were
8．How I wish I ____________(listen) to my parents’ advice then.
答案：had listened
9．The workers in the factory demanded that their pay____________(raise) by 20 percent.
答案：(should) be raised
10．He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he ____________(be) a Chinese.
答案：were
阅读理解
A
A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.
“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students，”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression.Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.
The idea for the human intervention(干预) came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says.
“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health，”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果，即将冥想和有氧运动结合起来去治疗抑郁有很明显的效果。
1．What made the research so different?
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk.
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression.
C．Treating depression with special medicine.
D．Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”可知，这次研究中所使用的治疗抑郁的方法是第一次将冥想和有氧运动两种途径结合了起来。因此这次研究显得很不同。故选B。
2．The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A．fighting B．identifying
C．distinguishing D．examining
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，将冥想和有氧运动结合起来对治疗抑郁有很明显的效果，因此“combating”的意思应该为“防止；与……作斗争”，与fighting意思一样。故选A。
3．What did the participants do in the research?
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.
B．They thought quietly and then took exercise.
C．They took exercise longer than they thought.
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.”可知，参与这项研究的实验对象先冥想30分钟，然后再做30分钟的有氧运动。故选B。
4．What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?
A．To find out certain brain cells of humans.
B．To study the production of new brain cells.
C．To offer people a new method to treat stress.
D．To decide the links between stress and exercise.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“...she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events”可知，Shors 所进行的研究的主要目的是帮助人们获得一些新的应对压力的技能。故选C。
B
Extra-curricula(课外课程) in high school are a great benefit to students，so it is important to find time for at least one.They’re a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possible future careers.However，sometimes it can be hard to make decisions about extra-curricula.Keep these suggestions in mind.
Part of the fun of clubs，activities，and sports is the thing itself.If you love to write，then working on the school newspaper or magazine will give you a chance to express yourself and develop your skills.Do something because you simply enjoy it.
Maybe your mom was a cheerleader and has always dreamt of her little girl on the squad(班，小队)，or your dad wants you to be part of the newspaper staff because he’s a reporter himself.If this is happening to you and you’re not sure whether you really want to do it，have a try and give it up if you really don’t like it.Just as important are the friends you’ll make by taking part in these activities.It can be hard to make friends in your regular classes or the lunchroom，but taking part in a club or team is a great way to meet kids who have the same interests.By spending time together and working for the same goal，you’ll have the chance to form lasting friendships.
However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friends are doing it.This might get you stuck in something you’re not that into，or keep you from exploring new hobbies and sports.
5．We can infer that this passage is written to________．
A．tell students how to make new friends at school
B．advise students to get along well with their parents
C．give students some suggestions about extra-curricula
D．explain why it is important to have extra-curricula at school
C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者的写作目的是告诉高中生一些关于参加课外课程的建议。
6．According to Paragraph 1，which of the following is NOT a reason why students should have extra-curricula?
A．They can help students make new friends.
B．Students can enjoy themselves by doing them.
C．They may help students form a good habit of self-study.
D．They may help students find good jobs in the future.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They’re a great way to have fun，make new friends，learn about yourself，and open the door to possible future careers.”可知A、B、D项都是原因，但作者没有说参加课外课程可以帮助学生养成自学的好习惯，故选C项。
7．What does the writer suggest students do in Paragraph 2?
A．Join a club or a sport team.
B．Work on the school newspaper.
C．Find a chance to express themselves.
D．Choose extra-curricula that students really like.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Do something because you simply enjoy it.”可知应选D项。
8．According to the passage，which of the following is WRONG?
A．Students should not always do whatever their parents want them to do.
B．Extra-curricula activities are very good for high school students.
C．Students should join an activity because their friends are doing it.
D．Taking part in a club is a good way to find friends who have the same interests.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“However，try to avoid joining an activity simply because your friends are doing it.”可知，不应该因为朋友参加哪项活动你就参加，故C项错误。
语法填空
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform a simple and random act of kindness. Not 1.____________(understand) the homework, the students didn’t know what to do. Chuck didn’t answer their questions. 2.____________， he encouraged his students to work it out by themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom and began sharing their stories 3.____________(excited). One reported on helping a poor dog 4.____________(abandon) by its owner. Another student told others about giving blankets away to the homeless. Gradually, more and more students developed the habit of doing such kind acts, from 5.____________ they benefited a lot.
Since then, similar kind acts 6.____________(perform) in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th，7.____________(celebrate) World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a 8.____________(differ) kind act, such 9.____________ making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service or raising money for a charity. In this way, students learn to consider other people and think about how small actions can make the world a 10.____________(good) place.
1．understanding 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词作状语，表示主动。
2．Instead 解析：考查副词的用法。句意：相反地，他鼓励学生自己找出答案。
3．excitedly 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。excitedly adv.兴奋地。
4．abandoned 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
5．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处是from＋which, 用来引导定语从句。benefit from...从……受益。
6．have been performed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据since then可知用现在完成时，此处表示被动意义。
7．to celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表示目的。
8．different 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语，修饰act。
9．as 解析：考查介词的用法。such as...例如……
10．better 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处意为：使世界成为一个更好的地方。故用比较级。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”， said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems(M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.
“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous，” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor，” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
【解题导语】 本文为科普短文，介绍由美国密苏里大学研究者所开发的核能电池的情况。
1．Which of the following is TRUE of Jae Kwon?
A．He teaches chemistry at MU.
B．He is working on a nuclear energy source.
C．He developed a chemical battery.
D．He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.”及第三段的叙述可知，Kwon在研究一种核能电池。故选B。
2．Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 ________．
A．to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
B．to show chemical batteries are widely applied
C．to introduce various energy sources
D．to describe a nuclear-powered system
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知Kwon举例的目的是为了说明核能电池是安全性。故选A。
3．Liquid semiconductor is used to ________．
A．get rid of the radioactive waste
B．test the power of nuclear batteries
C．reduce the damage to lattice structure
D．decrease the size of nuclear batteries
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor，”及“By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”可知，通过使用液态半导体材料，可减少对晶体结构的破坏。故选C。
B
Brazil Enjoys Carnival
You may have heard the music and dancing from the other side of the world when Carnival took place in Rio, Brazil. In the middle or late February, the festival officially began, lasting about three days. So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world?
Carnival is a crazy six-day celebration that happens around 40 days before the Christian Easter Festival. It happens at the hottest time in summer in Rio and marks the time before the start of Lent, a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like. Those who take part in Carnival make the most of this opportunity to have fun by enjoying themselves as much as possible. They dance, wear colorful costumes and have a great time.
Carnival time has a soundtrack(声带) of samba music, a type of music that is completely Brazilian. During Carnival, the 14 best samba schools in Rio are each given the chance to show off their music and dancing, joined by 200 to 400 drummers(鼓手)．
And it’s not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds. According to Lonely Planet, some of the schools are “open to travelers who may be passing through town and are prepared to practice for weeks, learning a song, buying a brightly-colored costume and wearing it in front of tens of thousands of people”．
At the end, judges decide who brings the best dance moves, looks, words and heart to Carnival. And the winner is the pride of Brazil.
Overall, Carnival is about having a good time. Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.
Would you like to go to Carnival in the future? Will you try to find ways to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life? The party seems to get bigger, better, and more colorful every year.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了巴西狂欢节的相关情况。
4．What can we learn about Rio Carnival from the passage?
A．It has the longest history of any carnival.
B．It takes place about 40 days after Easter.
C．It begins during the coldest days in winter.
D．It is a festival celebrated by both locals and travelers.
D 解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的“So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world？”和第四段第一句中的“it’s not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds”可知，选D。
5．According to the passage, Lent is a time when________．
A．Christians start to have fun
B．Christians stay with their families
C．Christians can’t do things they enjoy
D．Christians take part in religious activities every day
C 解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“Lent，a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like”可知，选C。
6．We can conclude from the passage that during Rio Carnival，________．
A．the best schools in Brazil focus on creating new dances and music
B．people fully enjoy the music and parties on the streets
C．many locals start to learn about samba music and dancing
D．a competition is held to find the strangest costumes
B 解析：细节理解题。从第六段中的“Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.”可知，选B。
7．Which of the following aspects of Carnival are mentioned in the article?
a．its origins B．its spirit
c．its celebrations D．its rules
A．a，b B．b，c
C．b，d D．c，d
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中提到的各种庆典活动和最后一段中的“Will you try to find ways to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life？”可知，选B。
短文改错
On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of interested things to celebrate Mother’s Day.At the beginning of the activity，they organize a competition in which the one who made the most meaningful gift would win.
Apart from it，students wrote letters to express thank to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When hear “I love you”，parents looked at to their children mildly.They were deep moved，most of them were with tears in their eyes.
This wonderful activity gives them the great opportunity to care about our parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it.
答案：
On May 8th，students in No.2 middle school did plenty of things to celebrate Mother’s Day.At the
beginning of the activity，they a competition in which the one who made the most meaningful gift would win.
Apart from it，students wrote letters to express to their parents，but someone is too shy to do so.When “I love you”，parents looked at their children mildly.They were moved，most of were with tears in their eyes.
This wonderful activity gives them great opportunity to care about parents.And it is a good chance to do something in return for love of parents.Most of students enjoy taking part it.
书面表达
请以“Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit”为题写一篇短文。内容要点如下：
1．报纸是重要传媒(media)，看报能获得国内最新消息……
2．报纸能丰富我们的生活，上面有……
3．对我们学英语的人来说，看类似《中国日报》这样的英文报纸，……
注意：词数100左右。
Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Reading Newspapers Is a Good Habit
Newspapers are important media. They can provide all kinds of latest news from both at home and abroad, which can help us understand the world better.
Newspapers can also make our life rich. In newspapers, we can read stories about a variety of people，and find weather reports, introductions to new books, advertisements on travelling and so on.
As English learners, reading newspapers in English, such as China Daily, is one of the best ways to improve our English. There are many words, phrases and structures for us to learn. And what’s more, we can acquire abundant knowledge of history, culture and society.
课件42张PPT。Unit 15 LearningSection Ⅴ Grammar & Writing本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
correction n． 改正，改进
correct vt. 改正；纠正
adj. 正确的
correctly adv. 正确地
simplify vt. 简化
simple adj. 简单的
simply adv. 仅仅，只
reflect vt. 反映；反射
reflect on 回想
reflection n. 反映
access n. (使用或见到的)机会，权利
(1)have access to．.. 可以使用……
(2)accessible adj. 可使用的；可进入的；易接近的
be accessible to... 对……而言容易接近
worthwhile adj. 值得努力的
worthy adj. 值得的
worth adj. 值得的
defence n. 保卫，保护
in defence of 保护……
defend...against．.. 保卫……
set__off 使爆炸；引发
set aside 留出
set down 记下
set out 开始
set up 建立
lay__off 裁员；解雇
lay down 放下
lay aside 储存
lay out 展开
aside__from 除……之外
apart from 除……之外
be__accustomed__to 习惯于
be/get used to 习惯于
as__a__whole 总的来说
on__the__whole 一般来说
1．be about to do sth. 正要做某事，将要做某事
Now I’m about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.
【仿写】 我就要离开我的家乡了。
I am__about__to__leave my hometown.
2．as if 似乎，好像
I felt as if I had done something wrong!
【仿写】 他站在那里大声说着，好像他无所不知。
He was standing there, talking loudly, as__if__he__had__known everything.
3. It was time that... 是该做……了
I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.
【仿写】 我认为我们该打扫整个房间了。
I think it__is__time__that__we__should__clean/cleaned the whole room.
4．catch sb. doing sth. 碰见某人做某事
Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage!
【仿写】 我路过公园时，碰见一个人在翻墙。
I caught__a__man__climbing the wall when I walked past the park.
单句语法填空
1．I wouldn’t have punched him if it had__not__been(not be) for the fact that he refused to apologize to me yesterday.
2．I wish I hadn’t__told(not tell) her the news and then she wouldn’t be worried now.
3．They’ve seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I had__attended(attend) it!
4．—Did you enjoy your holiday in Hawaii?
—Yes, but I would rather you had__gone(go) there too.
5．We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should)go(go) to Dalian for a visit.
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．这个年轻人被怀疑打破了经理的古花瓶。(suspect sb. of doing sth.)
2．两天后，他被老板解雇了。(lay off)
3．他对这个惩罚非常难过。(punishment)
4．待在家里时，他经常反思这个事件。(reflect on)
5．他也意识到，他该开始一种新生活了。(It is time that...)
6．最后他决定努力地去获得深造的机会。(have access to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The young man was suspected of breaking an old vase belonging to the manager. Two days later, he was laid off by the boss. He was very sad at the punishment. While he was staying at home, he often reflected on the incident. He also realized that it was time that he started a new life. At last he decided that he would try to have access to further education.
课件16张PPT。correctioncorrectcorrectlysimplifysimplyreflectonreflectionaccesstoaccessibleworthwhileworthdefenceofagainstset offasideoutlay offdownoutaside frombe accustomed totoas a wholeon the wholeam about to leaveas if he had knownit is time that we should clean/cleanedcaught a man climbinghad attendedhad gone(should)go本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
