必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists知识点讲义及练习（15页）

必修（五）unit1 Great Scientists 讲义
本单元核心单词
1
John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。(回归课本)
用法点拨
The patients are well attended in the hospital.病人在医院里得到了很好的照料。
I have a good doctor attending (on) me.我有一位好医生护理我。
归纳拓展
attendant n．服务员，侍者；adj.伴随的，陪从的
attendance n．出席，到场
attend a lecture/a movie听演讲/看电影
attend school/class上学/上课
attend a meeting参加会议
attend on/upon sb.伺候某人，照顾某人
attend to 处理；注意倾听；专心于，照料
2
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭的时候把病毒引入体内的。(回归课本)
用法点拨
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.棉手套吸汗。
The old man was completely absorbed in the book.老人全神贯注地读这本书。
归纳拓展
absorbed adj.注意力集中的，专心致志的
absorbing adj.非常吸引人的，引人入胜的
absorber n．吸收器；吸收者
absorb...from...从……中吸取……
be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于
3 blame v．责备，谴责；把……归咎于；n.过失；责备
It seemed that the water was_to_blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。(回归课本)
用法点拨
If you are not to blame，then who is?如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？
We were ready to take the blame of what had happened.我们愿对所发生的事负责。
归纳拓展
blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb.把……归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(不用被动语态)
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将……归咎于某人
blameful adj.有过错的，该受责备的
blameless adj.无可责难的，无过错的
4
The water companies were_instructed_not_to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到命令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。(回归课本)
用法点拨
She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用电话。
Those boys were instructed to wait there.那些男孩被通知在那儿等。
归纳拓展
instruction n．教授；指导；(复数)用法说明，操作指南
instructive adj.指示性的，有教育意义的
instructor n．辅导员，讲师
be instructed to do sth.被指示做某事
instruct＋that从句，从句用should＋do形式，should可以省略
5
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时，他就感到振奋。(回归课本)
用法点拨
Don’t expose it to the sun.不要把它暴露在阳光下。
The film has been exposed.这个胶卷曝光了。
归纳拓展
be exposed to使暴露在……
expose sb./sth. to...使……暴露在……
expose sth.揭露某事
exposure n．暴露，揭露
overexpose v．使(胶片等)曝光过度；对……报道过频
6
draw a conclusion得出结论(回归课本)
用法点拨
He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.他说了一些有趣的话来结束他的演讲。
He concluded that the plan was not workable.他的结论是这个计划不可行。
归纳拓展
conclusion n．结论；结束；议定
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
in conclusion最后，总之
jump to conclusions/a conclusion贸然断定，贸然下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
7
John Snow defeats “King Cholera”．约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”。(回归课本)
用法点拨
They were defeated in the football match.他们在足球赛中输了。
Their first revolution had ended in defeat.他们的第一次革命以失败告终。
归纳拓展
a total defeat一次彻底的失败
a decisive defeat一次决定性的失败
8
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。(回归课本)
用法点拨
This method can cure your bad eyesight.这种方法可以治疗你糟糕的视力。
The medicine can cure you of your headache.这种药可以治愈你的头疼。
归纳拓展
cure sb. of...治愈某人的……
cure作为“治疗方法”讲时是可数名词，后面常跟for
9.
用法点拨
The writer personally contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.那位作家亲自捐赠了5 000英镑给地震基金。
He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.他主动向红十字会捐款。
归纳拓展
contributor n．投稿者；捐助者
contribution n．贡献；捐献；捐助；投稿
contribute to为……作出贡献；把……投入；给……投稿；有助于，促使
make a contribution to...对……作出贡献
10
Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make＋a＋noun.观察下面的动词然后转换成make＋a＋noun结构。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The dam is still under construction.大坝仍在建造中。
This is a perfect construction.这是一个完美的建筑。
?归纳拓展
under construction＝being built在建造中
construction industry建筑业
a construction firm建筑公司
construct v．建造；构筑
constructor n．建造者，建设者
constructive adj.建设性的，有益的
11.
The Christian Church rejected his theory，saying it was...基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说……(回归课本)
?用法点拨
I don’t want to reject any help.我不想拒绝任何帮助。
Reject all the spotted apples.扔掉所有带斑点的苹果。
?归纳拓展
reject sth. out of hand坚决拒绝……，彻底否决……
reject n．废品；下脚料；落选者
rejection n．拒绝接受；否定；冷落
12.
I will need to be/become positive.我将需要变得积极一点儿。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
I have positive attitude to everything.我对每件事都采取积极的态度。
They are not positive of/about my honesty.他们不相信我是诚实的。
?归纳拓展
be positive of/about...确信……，肯定……
be positive about...乐观的/积极的
a positive result良好的结果
to have a good/bad/positive/negative attitude towards sb./sth.对某人(或事物)持好的/坏的/肯定的/否定的态度
13.
His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公诸于世，而他却小心谨慎。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He is very enthusiastic about the plan.他对这项计划十分热心。
My parents are enthusiastic skiers.我的父母是滑雪迷。
?归纳拓展
be enthusiastic for/about sth.对某事热心
enthusiastically adv.热情地
enthusiasm n．热心，热情；狂热；后面常加for
enthusiast n．热衷者，热心者
14.
...，but Copernicus was cautious.但哥白尼却小心谨慎。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He was cautious when he was riding the bicycle.他骑自行车的时候很小心。
She approached the horse cautiously.她小心翼翼地靠近那匹马。
?归纳拓展
be cautious about对……谨慎
caution n．小心，谨慎
with caution小心地
cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地
15
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
There have been several movements for reform over the last century.在过去的一个世纪里出现了数次改革运动。
The injury has restricted the movement in his arm.他的胳膊因受伤而行动不便。
?归纳拓展
move v．移动；进展；搬家
movements (pl.)活动
moveable/movable adj.可移动的；可活动的
16.
Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙观赖以建立的基础。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The origins of the universe are still a mystery.宇宙的起源仍然是个谜。
We are the only form of intelligent life in the universe.我们是宇宙中唯一有智能的生命形式。
?归纳拓展
in the universe天底下
universal adj.全世界的；普遍的；通用的
universally adv.通用地，普遍地
本单元重点短语
17
Who put_forward a theory about black holes？谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He had no desire to put forward his plan.他不想提出他的计划。
?归纳拓展
put away放好
put an end to结束
put down记下
put off推迟
put on穿上；戴上
put out扑灭；关熄(灯)
put up挂起；举起；贴(广告等)
put up with忍受
18.
In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were_linked_to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力的证据。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The poet links the human heart to the life of the earth.那位诗人把人的心脏同地球的生命联系起来。
?归纳拓展
link...to...把……与……连接或联系起来
link together使连接在一起
link up把……连接起来，汇合
19
Next，John Snow looked_into the source of the water for these two streets.接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He promised me to look into the matter.他答应我调查此事。
?归纳拓展
look about/around/round朝四周看；考虑；察看
look out (for sb./sth.)警惕或留心某人/某事
look down on/upon sb.瞧不起某人
look on旁观
look back回顾
20
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
She closed the gate to prevent the dog (from) going out of the garden.她关上大门，免得小狗从花园里跑掉。
?归纳拓展
stop...(from) doing sth.阻止……干……
keep... from doing sth.阻止……干……，此短语中from不能省略
21
Apart_from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
Apart from maths，she is good at English.除了数学以外，她还擅长英语。
?归纳拓展
apart from＝besides，in addition to，except for
与apart有关的短语：
fall apart 散开，拆散
set apart储存；放在一边
tear apart撕开，拆散
tell apart区分开
22
I will need to be/become_strict_with...我将需要对……要求严格(回归课本)
?用法点拨
His parents are strict with him and his brothers.他的父母对他和他的兄弟们要求严格。
?归纳拓展
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict in sth.对某事严格
strictly adv.严格地，严厉地
strictly speaking严格地讲；按道理来说
23
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
What you said makes good sense.你说的话很有道理。
?归纳拓展
make no sense无意义，行不通
make sense of sth.明白，理解(不易懂的事物)
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不是，决非
There is no sense in doing sth.做……没有道理/必要
a sense of humor幽默感
24
So between 1510 and 1514 he worked_on it，gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.因此，在1510年至1514年间他从事于该研究，并逐渐改善其理论，直到他感觉完美。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He’ll have to work on getting fit before the game.比赛前他必须努力保持身体健康。
?归纳拓展
work into插进；引进
work out作出；算出；最后结果为
work off除去；解除；偿清
work up使激动；唤起
本单元重点句型
25.
?用法点拨
neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，用来连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词采取就近原则。
Neither she nor I am good at English.她和我都不擅长英语。
?归纳拓展
either...or...或者……或者……
not only...but also...不仅……而且……
...or...……或是……
not...but...不是……而是……
26. To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
?用法点拨
suggest (to sb.) that...意为“(向某人)建议……”，此时that从句中的谓语动词要用should＋v.形式，should可以省略。
The doctor suggested he not work deep into the night.医生建议他不要工作到深夜。
I suggested to him that he join in the club activities.我向他建议参加俱乐部的活动。
?归纳拓展
suggest还可作“暗示；表明”解，此时若接从句，从句中的谓语动词根据需要而使用相应的时态。
Her expression suggested that she was angry.她的表情表明她生气了。
27. He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍绕着地球转。
?用法点拨
句中的with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth在句中用作状语，其结构为：“with＋名词/代词＋宾补”，这是with的复合结构。能在这种结构中充当宾补的有不定式、分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随，有时这种结构还可以用作定语。
We found the hotel with the little boy leading us.
The thief was brought in，with his hands tied behind his back.
The building looks more beautiful with all lights on.
28. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
?用法点拨
only if conj.只有当/只是在……的时候，放在句首时主句要倒装。
Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.
Only if you work hard can you learn English well.
?归纳拓展
only＋状语/状语从句放在句首时，主句要倒装；但是only若修饰主语成分，虽然放在句首，但句子不倒装。
(1)Only by working hard can we succeed.
(2)Only when I have seen it with my own eyes will I believe it.
(3)Only No.16 and 19 pandas were chosen as gifts to be given to Taiwan.
四.本单元语言点
过去分词作表语和定语
1．过去分词作定语
(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
Is there anything planned for tonight?
＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?
过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作)；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)
The question discussed was very important.
boiled water开水(完成)
fallen leaves落叶(完成)
2．过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种结构从形式上看与被动语态相同，但后者表示主语所承受的动作。
He is very tired after a long walk.
This window is broken.这个窗户破了。(系表结构)
This window was broken by the naughty boy there.(被动语态)
3．现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：
现在分词作定语表示主动意义，过去分词作定语一般表示被动含义。
现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，过去分词作定语表示状态或动作已完成。
The child standing over there is my brother.
The room facing south is our classroom.
He is an advanced teacher.他是位高级教师。
4．现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：
v．?ing形式表示“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；v.?ed形式表示“某人感到……的”，多用来修饰人。
The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。
He is very interested in the book.
This is a moving story.这是一个感人的故事。
We were deeply moved by the story.
The news is very exciting.这消息太激动人心了。
I was excited at the news.
注意：(1)v.?ing形式也可以修饰人，v.?ed形式也可以修饰物，要根据句意选择适当的形式。
the worried expression忧虑的表情
the disappointing boy令人失望的孩子
(2)英语中一些表示心理变化的动词，其中v.?ing和v.?ed形式通常起形容词作用，在句中作定语或表语，常用的这类词有：









巩固强化练习
单选
1.—Why don't we go to the new Sichuan restaurant for a meal?
—_______.?
A. Great! I've been expecting that B. No, I won't go for it
C. Sorry, but I forgot it? D. It's not my pleasure?
2. In ______ autumn of 2006, they paid a seven-day visit to the ancient town with ______ history of over 400 years.
A. the, a B.不填, a C. the, the D. the, 不填
3. I’ll think of it ______ I listen to music.
A. for every time B. every time C. everytime D. for everytime
4. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. that D. though
5. He is _______to win the political campaign and becomes the president.
A. possible??? B. likely ??????? C. probable????? D. perhaps
6. Many people in the western countries________ live on welfare offered by their governments.
A. would not rather B. would not prefer
C. would prefer not D. would rather not
7. All the classes in this school _________ 60students though they are of different ages。
A. are consisted of?? B. make up of?? C. compose of??? D. consist of
8. Having got home, ________.
A. my wallet was lost B. I found my wallet missing
C. my wallet was missing D. I found the losing wallet
9. The computer I bought last month doesn’t work. I think it needs_______ at once.
A. to repair B. repaired C. being repaired D. repairing
10. Cigarette smoking is a major factor _______ cancer.
A. contribute to B. contributes to C. contributed to D. contributing to
11. –How do you ________ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
--I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.
A. insist B. want C. suppose D. suggest
12. On no consideration should we ______ the poor, and on the contrary, we ought to respect them.
A. look out for B. look down upon
C. look forward to D. look up to
13. Only when your identity has been checked, _______.
A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
14. –Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
--Yes. ______, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible
15. You can never imagine what great difficulty I have had ____ your house.
A. found B. to find C. finding D. for finding
16.From my point of view, the theory that ______ by the scientist is not quite scientific.
A. was risen B. brought up C. had been raised D. was put forward
17.It is clear that no use can be made ______radium _____ we don’t know clearly the characteristics of it.
A. from; if B. of; unless C. from; unless D. of; if
18.We have to ______ everything question in detail ______ we take action.
A. conclude; before B. make analysis of; when C. expose; until D. analyze; before
19.It will be many years ______the doctors and medical scientists can find _____ for cancer.
A. since; cures B. when; treatments C. before; cures D. until; treatments
20.After several years of observation, the research group ______ the conclusion that language acquisition is faster when students ______ to the situation where it is spoken.
A. has come to; expose B. have arrived at; are exposed
C. has concluded; are exposed D. have reached; expose
21.Samples of blood from Cholera infected patients have been sent to the blood center _______.
A. to be checked B. to be examined C. to test D. being tested
22.It has been announced by our provincial government that another two medical teams will be sent to ______ the injured people in the severe earthquake.
A. join to B. join in C. take part in D. attend
23.______ the aids from the outside, the positive attitude of the disaster-stricken people _____ the key role in the reconstruction of their destroyed towns and villages.
A. Except for; plays B. Besides; play C. Apart from; plays D. Except; play
24.By careful observation and precise calculation, Nicolaus Copernicus _____ that there is no one center in the universe and the sun is the center of the solar system.
A. believed B. thought C. concluded D. imagined
25.Through thorough investigation, Dr. John Snow was finally able to prove that the outbreak of Cholera _____ people’s drinking of polluted water.
A. was close linked with B. closely linked to C. was close connected with D. was closely linked with
26.Only when people have enough to eat and plenty to wear _______ to talk about environmental protection.
A. it makes sense B. does it make sense C. that it makes sense D. do they make sense
27.The local police were______ by their authorities to _____ the situation as soon as possible.
A. said to; control B. ordered; manage C. instructed; handle D. told; hold
28.People should be cautious ______their personal information when surfing the Internet so as to prevent certain computer viruses ______ it.
A. about; to steal B. of; stealing C. with; to steal D. to; from stealing
29. We the Chinese are not to be ______, ________the situation is.
A. won; however disastrous B. defeated; whatever disastrous
C. beaten; whatever disastrous D. lost; however disastrous
30.Nicolaus Copernicus’ discovery about the universe is ______, which ______later achievements in astronomy science.
A. ambitious; gave birth to B. enthusiastic; resulted in C. obvious; resulted in D. revolutionary; led to
31.The manager and general engineer _____ very strict _____ his employees and ____ his work as well.
A. is; with; in B. are; with; in C. is; with; with C. are; in; in
32.When you are ______ about something, you are ______ to do whatever you can to get it.
A. anxious; likely B. eager; possible C. enthusiastic; likely D. concerned; probable
33.I privately told him that he should not have ______ the offer of his former wife to come together again.
A. given in B. rejected C. turned back D. refuse
34.The driver’s wrong gearing(挂档) was________ for the backward movement of the car, which accidentally knocked down the old woman.
A. to be blamed B. blamed C. to blame D. blaming
35.So ______ was he in his work that he didn’t notice that it was raining hard.
A. taken B. devoted C. absorbed D. interesting
36.. Every day Mother sets about her housework ______ she returns from work. Which of the following is NOT OK?
A. immediately B. the moment C. the minute D. in no time
37.________ from the top of the tower , the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see
38.It rained heavily in the south . __________ serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
39.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise , if _______ regularly , can improve our health.
A. being carried out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry out
40.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______ of his own dreams.
A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind
41. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ________ a life span of around 20 years.
A. haring B. had C. have D. to have
42.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _______ for words.
A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost
43.More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A. making B. made C. to make D. having made
44.The party will be held in the garden, weather ________ .
A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit
45.George returned after war, only ______ that his wife had left him.
A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told
46.Please remain _____ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated
47. Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
48. Only if _____ according to the instructions can the machine’s lifetime be lengthened.
A. operating B. operated C. operate D. being operated
49.________ that the can lead us out of the financial crisis, we are optimistic _________ the future of our country.
A. convinced; about B. convincing; of C. convinced; of D. convincing; about
50.--------What if our demand for more free time to learn by ourselves is not ______ by the school authority?
---------Hold on to it until we succeed.
A. approved B. agreed C. allowed D. admitted
完形填空
When sailors are allowed ashore（在岸上） after a long time at sea, they sometimes get drunk and cause trouble. For this reason, the navy ___1___ has its police in big ports. Whenever sailors cause trouble, the police come and ___2___ them.
One day, the police in a big seaport received a telephone call ___3___ a bar in the town. The barman said that a big sailor had got drunk and ___4___ the furniture in the bar. The officer in charge
of the police guard that evening said that he would come immediately.
Now, officers who ___5___ and punish the sailors ___6___ drunk usually chose ___7___ policeman they could find to go with them. ___8___this particular officer did not do this. ___9___,he chose the smallest and?___10___ man he could find to go to the bar with him and ___11___ the sailor.
Another officer who?___12___ there was surprised when he saw the officer of the guard chose such a small man. ___13___he said to him, “Why___14___you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who ___15___.”
“Yes, you are ___16___ right,” answered the officer of the guard. “That is exactly ___17___ I am taking this small man. If you see two policemen coming ___18___ you, and one is ___19___ the other, which one ___20___ you attack?”
1. A. always B. seldom C. forever D. sometimes
2. A. meet with B. deal with C. see D. judge
3. A. about B. from C. in D. of
4. A. was breaking B. was ordering C. was moving D. was dusting
5. A. would go B. might beat C. dared to fight D. had to go
6. A. slightly B. not at all C. heavily D. much more
7. A. the biggest B. the youngest C. the bravest D. the experienced
8. A. In fact B. But C. So D. And
9 A. Instead B. Therefore C. Although D. Then
10. A. good-looking B. weakest-looking C. ugly-looking D. strongest-looking
11. A. seize B. kill C. get rid of D. catch up with
12. A. will go B. had come C. would start off????? D. happened to be
13. A. Yet B. But C. So D. Then
14. A. don’t B. couldn’t C. can’t D. do
15. A. looks strong B. is drunk C. seems rude D. is dangerous
16. A. all B. very C. too D. quite
17. A. how B. what C. why D. that
18. A. up B. at C. before D. towards
19. A. not smaller than B. as big as C. as small as D. much smaller than
20. A. could B. will C. do D. can
三.阅读理解
There is no best way to learn a language, just different ways that suit different people. Some people prefer to “pick up” the language by reading books or magazines, watching films, visiting the country where the target language is spoken, etc. They focus on the meanings of words and don’t worry too much about the language forms used. This method often suits children if they find themselves in a foreign country or with foreign friends. However, this approach doesn’t suit everyone if your aim is to become good at writing.
Probably the most common way to learn a language is in a classroom with a teacher. The teacher can explain difficult words, give guidance, provide extra motivation and feedback on progress. Unfortunately, some people do not have very pleasant experiences of learning a language in the classroom. Language learning can be great fun. But your writing level will be increased most efficiently this way. Besides learning in a classroom, you can use a personal tutor and arrange a very flexible system of tuition. That means if you are busy at a particular time, you can still arrange to have your language tuition at a time that suits you.
With recent improvements in modern technology, it is now possible to purchase a wide range of multi-media materials for learning a language. You can teach yourself using cassettes, videos, CD- ROMs, books, and any combination of these. This approach is best suited to students who are self-disciplined and well-organized. It also tends to assist with the development of reading and listening skills. But be sure to pick out materials of high quality. If you want to become fluent at speaking and writing a language, you’ll also benefit from cooperating with other users.
1. The method mentioned in the first paragraph can be considered _______.
A. passive learning
B. natural and active learning
C. the most effective learning method
D. a structured learning method
2. The underlined word “flexible” in the second paragraph means “________”.
A. strict B. pleasant
C. safe D. free
3. From the passage, we can NOT learn that ________. A. people need to care about grammar when speaking a language
B. classroom studying can be boring sometimes
C. not all learning materials can help improve our language level
D. students lacking self-control may not benefit much from self-study
4. What might be talked about in the next passage?
A. How to find a personal tutor.
B. How to deal with the difficulties in study.
C. How to cooperate with other language learners.
D. How to find the best studying method.
四.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余
In general , people talk about two groups of colors : warm colors and cool colors . 1_________ : people who prefer warm colors and people who prefer cool colors .
2______. Where there are warm colors and a lot of light , people usually want to be active . People think that red , for example , is exciting. Sociable people , those who like to be with others , like red . The cool colors are green , blue and violet . These colors , unlike warm colors are relaxing . Where there are cool colors , people are usually quiet . 3_________.
Red may be exciting , but one researcher says that time seems to pass more slowly in a room with warm colors than in a room with cool colors . He suggests that a warm color , such as red or orange is a good color for a living room or restaurant . People who are relaxing or eating do not want time to pass quickly.4_______Researchers do not know why people think some colors are warm and other colors are cool . However , almost everyone agrees that red , orange , and yellow are warm and that green , blue , and violet are cool .5 ____. Because in the north the sun is higher during summer , the hot summer sunlight appears yellow .
A. People who like to spend time alone often prefer blue
B. people who like every kind of color is not possible.
C. Cool colors are better for offices or factories if the people who are working there want time to pass quickly .
D. The warm colors are red , orange and yellow
E. Perhaps warm colors remind people of warm days and the cool colors remind them of cool days .
F. Researchers in psychology think that there are also two groups of people
G. for example, in my childhood I didn’t know which color is worm
五.短文改错.
The children next door often play the football in the garden after my house and
sometimes break my windows. Last Saturday afternoon I stay at home and read a book. After while, I closed my eyes and went to sleep. A loud knock on the door made me wake up suddenly.
Soon a little boy turned out. “You haven’t broken one of my window again?” I asked. “Oh, no!” answered the boy. “Your windows are all opened this time and our football was in your bedroom. Could you mind getting in to get our ball?” I was at a loss at the moment.