习题精选10 宾语从句和定语从句
（建议用时：45分钟 满分：100分）
一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题4分，共80分）。
1.（2019年吉林省长春市中考真题）You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.
A. who B. when C. which D. where
2.（2019年江苏省盐城市阜宁县上学期期中考试）— Can you explain____________?
—Maybe you don’t get enough sleep．
A. why do I always feel tired B. why I always feel tired
C. how much sleep do we need every day D. how much sleep we need every day
3.（2019年河南省中考真题）—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
A. what B. which C. who D. 不填
4.【2019 ? 吉林省中考】Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students.
A. which B. who C. where
5.（2019年天津市中考真题）—Could you tell me for the fruit?
—By paying over the Internet.
A. how much will I pay B. how much I will pay
C. how will I pay D. how I will pay
6. （济南市莱芜地区2019年初中学业水平考试）--Could you tell me____ so well?
--Without the teacher's help, it was impossible for me to get the prize,
A. how did you do it B. when you did it
C. why did you do it D. how you did it
7. （重庆市2019初中学业水平暨高中招生考试）—Dear friends, do you still remember ____ three years ago?
—To realize our dream!
A. why you came here B. why did you come here
C. how you came here D. how did you came here
8. 【2019 ? 四川省凉山州】—Simon, you look smart in the T-shirt. Could you tell me ___________ it?
—OK. I bought it in a store online.
A. where you bought B. where do you buy
C. when you buy D. when did you buy
9. （湖北省黄石市2019年初中毕业生学业水平考试）—I wonder _____in Guangzhou in two hours.
--Of course. The high speed train is very fast.
A. When I can arrive B. When can I arrive
C. whether I can arrive D. whether can I arrive
10.（ 2019年福建中考英语试卷）Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.
A. who B. which C. what
11【2019 ? 广西北部湾经济区】—Do you know____________? —Yes, we’ll take a bus there.
A. when we will go the museum tomorrow
B. when will we go to the museum tomorrow
C. how we will go the museum tomorrow
D. how will we go to the museum tomorrow
12.（2019江苏省常州市中考真题）.-Could you tell me ___________ the music?
- He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.
A. how he made B. how did he make
C. why he made D. why did he make
13.【2019 ? 黑龙省大庆市】Excuse me, could you tell me ____________?
A. where is the railway station
B. how can I get to the railway station
C. where the railway station is
D. how do I get to the railway station
14.（ 2019年福建中考英语试卷）We don’t know , but it tells us the importance of friendship.
A. what the story is about
B. whether the story is true
C. when did the story take place
15.【2019 ? 四川省广元市】Jerry asked Mike ____________.
A. where did he come from
B. where does he come from
C. where he came from
16.（2019江苏省南通市中考真题）—Could you please tell me ?
—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A. if the scarf looked nice on me B. what’s the new product like
C. that Guilin is worth visiting D. how I can order a robot online
17.【2019 ? 甘肃省天水市】The teacher asked Li Hua ____________.
A. why is he late for class B. why he is late for class
C. why was he late for class D. why he was late for class
18.【2019 ? 黑龙江省大庆市】The book __________ I read last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. who
19.【2019 ? 云南省昆明市】 In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask ____________ .
A. what was Kunming most famous for
B. what Kunming was most famous for
C. whether is summer a good time to come
D. whether summer is a good time to come
20.【2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市】She was so angry at __________ he was doing __________ she walked out without a word.
A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that
二、根据汉语提示完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）。
1. 我理解上次我父母的想法为什么与我的不同。
I understand______________________________________________________ last time
2. 一些人认为成功与运气有关。
Some people think ______________________________________________.
3. What beautiful songs! All the students think Julie_____________________（对唱歌有天赋）[来源:学+科+网]
4. 你能告诉我你在门后面找什么吗？
_________________________________
5.你知道他妈妈是什么样的吗？
—Do you know __________________?
—Yes, she is very kind and outgoing.
6. 我想知道她为晚会做了什么
I'd like to know _________________ for the party.
7.你知道昨天晚上这个时候她在做什么吗？
Do you know _________ at this time last night?
8.-我看不见老师在黑板上写了什么。
I can’t see ________________ on the blackboard.
9.安迪，我想知道你怎么买新运动服的？
-Andy, I wonder__________________ the new sports clothes.
-Of course by credit card.
10. 查理终于告诉了我他为什么生我的气
Charlie finally told me _________ .
习题精选10 宾语从句和定语从句
（建议用时：45分钟 满分：100分）
一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题4分，共80分）。
1.（2019年吉林省长春市中考真题）You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.
A. who B. when C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】句意：《你鼓舞了我》是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。
A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语；C. which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。
2.（2019年江苏省盐城市阜宁县上学期期中考试）— Can you explain____________?
—Maybe you don’t get enough sleep．
A. why do I always feel tired B. why I always feel tired
C. how much sleep do we need every day D. how much sleep we need every day
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你能解释为什么我总觉得累吗？——也许你没有得到足够的睡眠。根据Can you explain____?可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，所以排除A、C选项；根据下文Maybe you don’t get enough sleep．结合B、D选项可知，B选项符合题意，D选项句意与题意不符；故答案选B。
3.（2019年河南省中考真题）—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
A. what B. which C. who D. 不填
【答案】C
【解析】句意：— —你认识那边那个男孩吗？ — —那个拿着球的人？哦，他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. who谁。what引导的是主语，表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A；分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知，本题缺少的是主语，且关系词在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。故选项D不对；我们知道：who 的先行词是人，which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there，指人的先行词，因此应该用who来引导。故选C。
4.【2019 ? 吉林省中考】Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students.
A. which B. who C. where
【答案】B
【解析】句意＂布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师＂。本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。
5.（2019年天津市中考真题）—Could you tell me for the fruit?
—By paying over the Internet.
A. how much will I pay B. how much I will pay
C. how will I pay D. how I will pay
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我如何支付水果的费用吗？ ——通过互联网支付。本题考查宾语从句，注意宾语从句的语序用陈述句的语序，排除A/C；再根据By paying over the Internet. 通过互联网支付。可知，上文应该问支付水果的费用方式，因此用how来引导。选项B问的是应该付多少钱，不符合语境。故选D。
6. （济南市莱芜地区2019年初中学业水平考试）--Could you tell me____ so well?
--Without the teacher's help, it was impossible for me to get the prize,
A. how did you do it B. when you did it
C. why did you do it D. how you did it
【答案】D
【解析】句意：— —你能告诉我你怎么能做那么好吗？— —没有老师的帮助，我不可能拿到奖。
本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句语序（主谓结构），所以排除A/C；根据Without the teacher's help, it was impossible for me to get the prize. 没有老师的帮助，我不可能拿到奖。可知，上文应该问怎么能做那么好的，因此应该用how来提问。选择D。
7. （重庆市2019初中学业水平暨高中招生考试）—Dear friends, do you still remember ____ three years ago?
—To realize our dream!
A. why you came here B. why did you come here
C. how you came here D. how did you came here
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——亲爱的朋友们，你还记得三年前为什么来这里吗？ ——实现我们的梦想！本题考查宾语从句，注意宾语从句的语序用陈述句的语序，排除B/D；再根据To realize our dream! 实现我们的梦想！可知，上文应该问为什么来这里，因此用why来引导。选项C问的是怎样来的，不符合语境。故选A
8. 【2019 ? 四川省凉山州】—Simon, you look smart in the T-shirt. Could you tell me ___________ it?
—OK. I bought it in a store online.
A. where you bought B. where do you buy
C. when you buy D. when did you buy
【答案】
【解析】句意：——西蒙，你穿这件T恤看起来很帅。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——好的。我是在网上的一家商店买的。宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除B、D。从I bought it in a store online. 判断句子询问在哪里买的，用where 引导。故选A。
9. （湖北省黄石市2019年初中毕业生学业水平考试）—I wonder _____in Guangzhou in two hours.
--Of course. The high speed train is very fast.
A. When I can arrive B. When can I arrive
C. whether I can arrive D. whether can I arrive
【答案】C
【解析】句意“-我想知道我是否能在两个小时内到达广州。-当然，高铁非常快”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和D；When I can arrive我什么时候能到达；whether I can arrive我是否能到达。根据Of course可知，问的是“我是否能两个小时内到广州”，故选C。
10.（ 2019年福建中考英语试卷）Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.
A. who B. which C. what
【答案】A
【解析】句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero，指人，在从句中作主语，故选A。
【点睛】做定语从句时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。
11【2019 ? 广西北部湾经济区】—Do you know____________? —Yes, we’ll take a bus there.
A. when we will go the museum tomorrow
B. when will we go to the museum tomorrow
C. how we will go the museum tomorrow
D. how will we go to the museum tomorrow
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你知道明天我们怎样去博物馆吗？——是的，我们将乘公共汽车去那儿。考查宾语从句。根据Do you know______?可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句三要素是：连接词、宾语从句语序、时态。根据宾语从句用陈述语序，可知B、D选项均是疑问语序，所以排除。When什么时候，是对时间的提问；how如何、怎样，是对方式、方法的提问；再根据答语Yes, we’ll take a bus there.可知此处应是对方式的提问，排除A选项；故答案选C。
12.（2019江苏省常州市中考真题）.-Could you tell me ___________ the music?
- He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.
A. how he made B. how did he make
C. why he made D. why did he make
【答案】A
【解析】句意：— —你能告诉我他是怎么做音乐的吗？ — —他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，故排除B/D；根据答语He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell. 他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。可知，这里介绍了他制作音乐的方式。因此用how来提问。故选A。
13.【2019 ? 黑龙省大庆市】Excuse me, could you tell me ____________?
A. where is the railway station
B. how can I get to the railway station
C. where the railway station is
D. how do I get to the railway station
【答案】C
【解析】句意：打扰了，请你告诉我火车站在哪里好吗？本题考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句必须要用陈述句的语序，A、B、D都是一般疑问句的语序，只有C选项是陈述句的语序，故答案选C。
14.（ 2019年福建中考英语试卷）We don’t know , but it tells us the importance of friendship.
A. what the story is about
B. whether the story is true
C. when did the story take place
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意“我们不知道这个故事是否是真的，但是它告诉我们友谊的重要性”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除C；A.这个故事是关于什么的；B.这个故事是否是真的。根据but it tells us the importance of friendship“但是它告诉我们友谊的重要性”可知，与A项不符，故选B。
15.【2019 ? 四川省广元市】Jerry asked Mike ____________.
A. where did he come from
B. where does he come from
C. where he came from
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句用法。句意：杰瑞问麦克_________。根据主句的动词asked是过去式可知，宾语从句用过去的时态，排除B；宾语从句中用陈述语序，排除疑问语序的A，故选C
16.（2019江苏省南通市中考真题）—Could you please tell me ?
—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A. if the scarf looked nice on me B. what’s the new product like
C. that Guilin is worth visiting D. how I can order a robot online
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：——你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人吗？——很高兴。请稍等。这里是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B，这里是问句不能用that引导，排除C，Could you please tell me是一般现在是时态，从句用一般现在时态，排除A。根据题意，故选D。
17.【2019 ? 甘肃省天水市】The teacher asked Li Hua ____________.
A. why is he late for class B. why he is late for class
C. why was he late for class D. why he was late for class
【答案】D
【解析】句意：老师问李华为什么上课迟到。此句是疑问副词引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，排除A、C；主句是一般过去时，受主句时态的影响，从句也要用一般过去时。故答案为D。
【点睛】宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。
18.【2019 ? 黑龙江省大庆市】The book __________ I read last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. who
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；D. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物，用that来引导，故答案为A。
19.【2019 ? 云南省昆明市】 In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask ____________ .
A. what was Kunming most famous for
B. what Kunming was most famous for
C. whether is summer a good time to come
D. whether summer is a good time to come
【答案】B
【解析】句意：为了去昆明旅游愉快，戴夫给我发电子邮件，问昆明最有名的是什么。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除选项AC；结合句意"为了去昆明旅游愉快，戴夫给我发电子邮件，问昆明最有名的是什么"可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去时，选项D时态不对，也语意不通。故选B。
20.【2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市】She was so angry at __________ he was doing __________ she walked out without a word.
A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that
【答案】A
【解析】句意：她对他所做的事很生气，以至于她一言不发地走了出去。第一空考查what引导的宾语从句；第二空考查so…that…如此……以至于……。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）。
1. 我理解上次我父母的想法为什么与我的不同。
I understand______________________________________________________ last time
2. 一些人认为成功与运气有关。
Some people think ______________________________________________.
3. What beautiful songs! All the students think Julie_____________________（对唱歌有天赋）[来源:学+科+网]
4. 你能告诉我你在门后面找什么吗？
_________________________________
5.你知道他妈妈是什么样的吗？
—Do you know __________________?
—Yes, she is very kind and outgoing.
6. 我想知道她为晚会做了什么
I'd like to know _________________ for the party.
7.你知道昨天晚上这个时候她在做什么吗？
Do you know _________ at this time last night?
8.-我看不见老师在黑板上写了什么。
I can’t see ________________ on the blackboard.
9.安迪，我想知道你怎么买新运动服的？
-Andy, I wonder__________________ the new sports clothes.
-Of course by credit card.
10. 查理终于告诉了我他为什么生我的气
Charlie finally told me _________ .
【答案】
why my parents thought differently from me 2. success has something to do with luck
3. has a gift/talent for singing 4. Can you tell me what you are looking for behind the door?
5. what his mother is like 6. what she has prepared 7. what she was doing
8. what our teacher wrote 9.how you paid for 10.why he was angry with me
