人教版高二英语 选修七 Unit 2 Robots Grammar课件 （共31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
Revision of
The passive Infinitive
Unit 2 Grammar
动词不定式的作用
Functions of Infinitive
主语 (subject)
宾语 (object)
表语 (predicative)
定语 (attribute)
状语 (adverbial)
宾补 (object complement)
不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
to do
to have done
to be doing
to have
been doing
to be done
to have
been done
语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式
完成式
进行式 /
完成进行式 /
不定式的被动语态在句中的作用
作主语（常用it做形式主语）

To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.
It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy…
翻译：被邀请参加会议是一大荣幸。
It is a great honor to be invited to attend the meeting.
2. 作表语
The party is to be held next Sunday evening.
翻译： Tony将由Larry的妻子Claire进行测试。
Tony is to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire.
3.作宾语
She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.
翻译：这位职员不喜欢被她的顾客嘲笑。
The clerk didn’t like to be laughed at by her customers.
4.作宾补
Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.
He wanted the letter to be typed at once.
5.做定语
What a sweet victory to be envied by those women!
Are you going to the meeting __________
in the teachers’ office? (hold)
to be held
6. 做状语
She was too young to be assigned such
work.
He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.
It is a good thing for him to have been
criticized.
The book is said to have been translated
into many languages.
结论：如果不定式所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用不定式的完成式。
不定式的主动形式表示被动
1. 在there be结构中。
例如： There is a lot of homework to do．
(也可用to be done)
There is no time to lose (to be lost).
2. 在“主语 + be + 性质形容词 + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，soft, interesting，comfortable, important，expensive，cheap， fit, safe, dangerous等。
例如： The question is not easy to answer.
John is difficult to deal with．
Air in the countryside is fresh to breathe.
3. 在“too…to do;
adj. /adv. enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out ．
The house is big enough to live in.
4. 在“with+n+to do”结构中。
例如： With nothing to do, he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do, I can’t go to the cinema．
5. 句子的主语为不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式用主动；反之用被动形式。
比较： I have a lot of letters to type．

I have a lot of letters to be typed.


(I will type the letters)
(Someone will type the letters.)
1. “Do you have any clothes ____________ (wash), Sir?” asked the maid.
2. I can’t go out now as I have a lot of clothes ________ (wash).
3. I’ll go to New York. Have you anything ___________ (take) to your wife there?
to be washed
to wash
to be taken
及时练
6. 当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。
This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)． The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house．
7. 一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租), rent，
hire, blame等。
The house is to let． I felt I was to blame.
动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍，有时（尤其在口语中）虽然意思上是被动的，也往往用主动语态形式来表示。
I have three motors to repair today.
The task is difficult to finish on time.
NOTICE
The dishes need
________________.
2. The mail is intended
_____________.
Sentence Making
wash
send
to be washed
to be sent
课堂练兵
3. The singer refused
_________________.
4. The house is
__________.
photograph
sell
to be photographed
to be sold
5. The wall is expected
______________.
paint
to be painted
frighten
6. The bird seems
_______________.
to be frightened
1. She hates ________________ by her
classmates.
2. Tim refused _________________ by his
father to school.
3. She struggled _______________ by the
French visitors.
to be accompanied
to be understood
Fill in the blanks.
accompany understand envy
laughed at discuss test
to be laughed at
4. These are the issues ______________ tomorrow.
5. The new drug is ___________ out on
500 patients next year.
6. She was very beautiful but she didn’t
like ___________ by all the girls she
met.
to be tested
to be envied
to be discussed
accompany understand envy
laughed at discuss test
1. My ambition is _________ to the university
which has the most excellent sporting
facilities in Beijing.
A. to admit
B. to be admitted
C. to be admitting
D. to have been admitted
2. Young as he is, he doesn’t like _______
as a child.
A. to treat B. treating
C. to be treated D. to be treating
3. The professor and his fellow workers
were sent there _______ for the space
flight.
A. train B. to be training
C. to have been trained D. to be trained
4. Lily has been invited to a garden party
_________ next Saturday evening.
A. to be held B. to hold
C. to be holding D. to have been held
5. Jack is reported _______ chairman of the
trade union by all members.
A. to choose B. to have been chosen
C. to be choosing D. to be chosen
6. — Is Mary still studying?
— I’m afraid not. She is said ________ the
classroom already.
A. to be left B. to leave
C. to have been left D. to have left
7. Do let your parents know all the truth.
They appear __________ everything.
A. to have been told B. to tell
C. to be telling D. to be told

8. The children talked so loudly at dinner
table that I had to struggle ______.
A. to be heard B. to have heard
C. hearing D. being heard

9. The message is very important, so
it is supposed _____ as soon as possible.
A. sending B. to send
C. being sent D. to be sent
10. We are invited to a party _________
in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held
C. being held D. holding
Homework
Translate the following sentences.
据说这次会议已经被取消了。
残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。
我希望被北京大学录取。
抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。
今天我有很多的作业要做。