(共20张PPT)
(共52张PPT)
课时作业10
Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I am skilled at organizing activities as well as communicating (communicate) with others.
2．It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known (know) to international students.
3．The spare time belonging (belong) to the children should be returned to them by the teachers.
4．All of the evidence (evident) suggests that we have reasons to be positive.
5．When he woke up, he found himself surrounded (surround) by some doctors.
6．If you continue to do illegal (legal) things, you will end up in prison sooner or later.
7．I am quite confused (confuse) by Chinese table manners. I'd appreciate it if you can give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.
8．As well as studying (study) English at school, Alice taught herself Japanese at home.
9．He passed the college entrance examinations, which made his parents very proud.
10．There is so much more to_learn (learn) about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It was a cold morning, and Eduardo Ortega was nervous. He held a large envelope. In it was his dream.
“This is everything，” he said. “I've worked for this since I was a young boy.”
Eduardo remembered the long hours working in the fields, picking strawberries and beans. After the workday, his tired friends drank coffee or slept. Eduardo studied, read, and wrote poetry and short stories. Although he missed many classes, he became the school's best student.
One school year, Eduardo wrote an essay (文章) and won a prize — a flying trip to San Francisco. As he flew, he felt free from his life of hard work in the fields. He promised himself not to return to that life. He loved to fly.
This morning, Eduardo caught the school bus and went to school with the envelope. He walked past his classmates and sat down at his desk. He opened the envelope and began reading the letter inside. It was the answer to his application to the state university. It was also the answer to the beginning of his dream of becoming a pilot.
Even though Eduardo worked to help his family, his father always encouraged him to go to school. So, while he worked, he also studied.
Eduardo knew that his dream was his father's dream, too. His father was a smart man, but he was too poor to go to college. He loved to read, but never had time, because he worked long hours.
Now, as Eduardo read the words, “Congratulations... you have been accepted，” he knew that his dream was not lost. One day, he would be a pilot, flying every day to all the exciting places in the world.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。男孩家境不好，需要打零工帮助家里维持生计，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想。他坚持学习，通过不懈的努力终于考上了大学，缩短了与梦想的距离。
1．What did Eduardo do when his friends drank coffee or slept?
A．He attended classes.
B．He studied and wrote.
C．He worked in the fields.
D．He helped around his home.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由第三段中的“After the workday, his tired friends drank coffee or slept. Eduardo studied, read, and wrote poetry and short stories.”可知，工作结束后，他的朋友们或喝咖啡或睡觉，而他却在学习和写作。
2．What was Eduardo's dream?
A．Becoming a pilot.
B．Becoming a writer.
C．Traveling around the world.
D．Realizing his father's dream.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第五段中的“It was also the answer to the beginning of his dream of becoming a pilot.”和最后一段中的“One day, he would be a pilot, flying every day to all the exciting places in the world.”可知，他梦想成为一名飞行员。
3．What was Eduardo's father's attitude toward his dream?
A．Supportive. B．Unconcerned.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的“his father always encouraged him to go to school”可知，他父亲鼓励他上学，因此推断他父亲支持他的梦想。
4．What was in the envelope?
A．An invitation to a flying trip.
B．Encouragement from his father.
C．Congratulations from his friends.
D．An admission notice from a university.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。由第五段中的“It was the answer to his application to the state university.”和最后一段中的“as Eduardo read the words, ‘Congratulations... you have been accepted，’ he knew that his dream was not lost”可推断，信封里是他所申请的大学发来的录取通知书。
B
Banff National Park is Canada's first national park. In 1883, on the Canadian Rocky Mountains, three railway workers discovered a natural hot spring, and from there the park was born. Nowadays, it is one of the world's popular tourist spots with great mountain scenery. Every year, millions of people visit it for its wonderful views.
Banff National Park is part of UNESCO's Canadian Rocky Mountain World Heritage site. Located in the heart of the Canadian Rockies, the park has perfect mountains like those on postcards. They are from 45 to 120 million years old, with the highest in the park, Mount Forbes, coming in at 11,850 feet.
Banff National Park is 80 miles west of Calgary. Calgary's international airport is serviced by major national and international carriers with many flights arriving daily. Open year?round, it offers amazing wildlife viewing and sightseeing, plus many shopping and dining choices, any time of the year. Summer is popular for hiking, mountain biking and cycling, photography, and climbing. The best time for viewing the seasonal color is fall, when the trees turn yellow.
In winter, the mountain makes exciting downhill (速降) and cross?country skiing. In fact, three major downhill ski resorts (度假胜地) operate within the park. Lake Louise Ski Resort, Sunshine Village, and Mount Norquay combine to offer a large area for skiing, not to mention the backcountry trails available throughout the park. The ski season, which runs from November to May, is one of the longest in North America. Visitors can also enjoy wildlife tours, ice walks, and dogsleds (雪橇)．
Weather in the Canadian Rockies can change quickly. A single day can have a mix of sunshine, snow, wind, and rain, so you should change your clothes. In summer, temperatures average a high of 70? (21 ℃), and daylight lasts until 11 p．m. Autumn brings cool nights and fresh air. Winters can be very cold. In January, the average temperature is 7 ℃ below zero, but by April it is 9 ℃.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大的第一个国家公园——班夫国家公园。
5．What can we know about Banff National Park?
A．We can arrive there only by foot.
B．It provides wonderful wildlife viewing.
C．It is located in the west of Canadian Rockies.
D．We'd better enjoy the seasonal color there in winter.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Open year?round, it offers amazing wildlife viewing and sightseeing, plus many shopping and dining choices, any time of the year.”可知，班夫国家公园提供令人惊叹的野生生物观赏和观光。
6．What can we learn about Canadian Rockies from the last paragraph?
A．Visitors there may change clothes a few times a day.
B．There are few visitors because of terrible weather.
C．The daylight is short in summer there.
D．The weather there is always pleasant.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weather in the Canadian Rockies can change quickly. A single day can have a mix of sunshine, snow, wind, and rain, so you should change your clothes.”可推测，这里的天气一日多变，因此游客很可能一天之内要换几次衣服。
7．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To urge us to protect Banff National Park.
B．To tell us the history of Banff National Park.
C．To encourage us to visit Banff National Park.
D．To give an introduction to Banff National Park.
答案与解析：D 写作意图题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大的第一个国家公园——班夫国家公园。作者意在向我们介绍一些有关班夫国家公园的信息。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Kelvin Doe is a child from a very poor district of Freetown, Sierra Leone's capital city. The area is in such __1__ shape that the lights only come up once a week. At the age of 10, he started __2__ rubbish dumps (垃圾场) for small electronics parts after school. Then he would spend his time __3__ how they work. __4__ he was very young and didn't receive traditional engineering education, this didn't __5__ Doe's dream of helping solve the local problems in his community.
At the age of 13, after he tried many times, he finally __6__ a generator (发电机) using materials he had __7__ around the house or from rubbish dumps. From then on, Kelvin Doe became a completely __8__ engineer. He then built a radio station by using recycled materials. He reported news and played music under the __9__ of DJ Focus and __10__ his friends as workers in the station. “They call me DJ Focus. I am confident. I always __11__ if I focus, I can complete anything seeming to be __12__，” Doe said in a YouTube video.
He had __13__ been more than 10 miles from his home in Freetown until he attended a national invention competition. There, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) __14__ such a smart boy, David Sengeh, a PhD student at MIT, recognized his amazing __15__ right away. “Doe's story is very __16__. He made a generator because he __17__ it，” Sengeh said. “Doe's __18__ in the YouTube video have had a big __19__ on me and on millions of people all over the world. In Sierra Leone, other young people suddenly feel they can be __20__ Doe.” Kelvin was later invited to give a talk at the TEDxTeen in 2012 to Harvard Students. “Creativity can be found in places where one does not expect to find it，” said Kelvin during the talk.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。一位来自非洲塞拉利昂的名叫Kelvin Doe的小男生通过自学搭建了一个无线电台设备，并且自己当起这个电台的DJ，通过它向当地社区播放新闻和音乐。
1．A.attractive B．simple
C．interesting D．bad
答案与解析：D 根据上文的“... from a very poor district of Freetown, Sierra Leone's capital city.”以及下文的“... the lights only come up once a week.”可知，这个地区的情况非常“糟糕”。
2．A.mistaking B．designing
C．searching D．exchanging
答案与解析：C 根据上下文内容可知，十岁时，Kelvin Doe开始放学后在垃圾场中“寻找”电子产品的零部件。
3．A.studying B．explaining
C．discussing D．considering
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“how they work”可知，然后他花时间“研究”这些零件的构造。
4．A.If B．Although
C．Once D．Since
答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“he was very young and didn't receive traditional engineering education, this didn't...”可知，前后两句是让步关系，故用Although。
5．A.show B．wake
C．stop D．mention
答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“... he was very young and didn't receive traditional engineering education...”可知，尽管他很小且没受过传统的工科教育，但是这没有“阻止”他帮助社区解决当地问题的梦想。
6．A.reused B．created
C．repaired D．mixed
答案与解析：B 根据上下文可知，十三岁时，Kelvin Doe终于“自制”了一台发电机。
7．A.recycled B．divided
C．stolen D．borrowed
答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“rubbish dumps (垃圾场) for small electronics parts”可知，电池和发电机是用他在家周围或垃圾场“回收”来的材料制成的。
8．A.warm?hearted B．easy?going
C．hard?working D．self?taught
答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“didn't receive traditional engineering education”可知，Kelvin Doe完全是一个“自学”成才的工程师。
9．A.action B．guidance
C．control D．name
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“They call me DJ Focus.”可知，他用回收的材料搭建了一个无线电台设备，并且以DJ Focus的“名字”向当地社区播放新闻和音乐。
10．A.employed B．served
C．regarded D．treated
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“... as workers in the station.”可知，他“雇用”他的朋友当电台的工作人员。
11．A.wish B．believe
C．predict D．worry
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“I am confident.”可知，Kelvin Doe很自信，并一直“相信”如果自己专注，肯定会完成看似不可能的事情。
12．A.impossible B．imperfect
C．unreasonable D．unfinished
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，Kelvin Doe一直相信如果自己专注，肯定会完成似乎“不可能的”事情。
13．A.already B．just
C．never D．always
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“...been more than 10 miles from his home in Freetown until he attended a national invention competition.”可知，他“从未”离家超过十英里，直到参加了全国性的发明比赛。
14．A.discovered B．educated
C．saved D．introduced
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，这场比赛中，麻省理工学院“发现”了这个聪明的男孩。
15．A.suggestions B．skills
C．goals D．experiences
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，David Sengeh立即看出Kelvin Doe不可多得的“技能”。
16．A.true B．encouraging
C．tragic D．amusing
答案与解析：B 根据上下文的内容可知，Kelvin Doe的故事非常“鼓舞人心”。
17．A.sold B．researched
C．recognized D．needed
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，Kelvin Doe自制发电机是因为他“需要”它。
18．A.performances B．advertisements
C．words D．expressions
答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“Doe said in a YouTube video.”以及下文中的“... in the YouTube video...”可知，这里指Kelvin Doe在YouTube视频中所说的“话”。
19．A.expectation B．impression
C．influence D．pressure
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，Kelvin Doe在YouTube视频中所说的话对Davide Sengeh以及全世界千百万的人都有着很大的“影响”。
20．A.beside B．against
C．for D．like
答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，在塞拉利昂，其他年轻人突然觉得他们也可以“像”Kelvin Doe一样。
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(共22张PPT)
课时作业11
Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．It is not healthy to eat canned_food (罐装食品)．
2．The embarrassed_father (尴尬的父亲) stood there saying nothing.
3．The problem mentioned_at_the_meeting (在会议上被提及的) needs considering.
4．The information provided_by_his_friend (他朋友所提供的) is of great use.
5．Don't leave_the_windows_broken like this all the time.
不要让窗户像这样一直破着。
6．I had_my_bike_repaired yesterday.
我昨天让人修了我的自行车。
7．Mary had_her_watch_stolen the other day.
玛丽的手表在前几天被人偷了。
8．I raised my voice to make_myself_heard.
我提高了嗓门儿以便让别人听到我的话。
9．When we got to school，we saw_the_door_locked.
到学校时，我们看见门锁着。
10．The thief was brought in, with_his_hands_tied_behind_his_back.
小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在背后。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Ottawa is the capital of Canada. It is the second largest city in Ontario and the fourth largest city in the country.
The Centre Block is the main building on Parliament Hill (国会山). It is also the location of several ceremonial spaces, such as the Hall of Honor and the Memorial Chamber. The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916, and it is one of the most recognizable buildings in Canada.
Downtown Ottawa is the commercial and economic centre of the city. Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa's high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core. The downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges.
The National Gallery of Canada is one of Canada's premier art galleries. The Gallery has a large and varied collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture and photographs. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.
The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. At the very beginning, the purpose of the Rideau Canal was military, as it was intended to provide a secure supply and communication route between Montreal and the British naval base in Kingston. It remains in use today primarily for pleasure boating, with most of its original structures undamaged. The locks on the system open for navigation in mid?May and close in mid?October.
【语篇解读】 文章描写了加拿大渥太华著名的几处地方，并分别对这几处地方进行了详细的说明。
1．The underlined word “iteration” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “________”．
A．repair B．design
C．copy D．landmark
答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。从第二段“The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916.”可知，现如今的中央街区是重新翻修的，以前的那一座在1916的大火中被毁坏了。所以iteration的意思相当于copy“复制品”，故选C。
2．In the core of Downtown Ottawa, we could see ________.
A．a large number of tall towers
B．head offices of Ottawa's high tech industry
C．a number of apartments and hotels
D．the older single family homes and townhouses
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa's high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core.”可知在渥太华的市中心都是办公大楼，而且主要是高科技行业的办公大楼。
3．Collections in the National Gallery of Canada are mainly ________.
A．paintings and drawings
B．sculpture and photographs
C．works by Canadian artists
D．artwork by Americans and Europeans
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Gallery has a large and varied... Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.”可知，主要收藏的是各种各样的画以及雕像、照片。它主要是收藏加拿大人的艺术作品，同时也收藏一些著名的美国人和欧洲人的作品，故选C。
4．Which of the following is TRUE about the Rideau Canal?
A．It is the oldest canal system in North America.
B．It was originally for the military purpose.
C．The original structures remain never changed.
D．People can only go boating from May to October.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“At the very beginning, the purpose of the Rideau Canal was military”可知，最初的目的是军事目的。
B
You'll be likely to become angry if you don't get a good night's sleep, a new paper reports. Cutting a few hours of sleep out of your schedule isn't as good an idea as it may appear. Researchers at the Iowa State University report that missing sleep will make you angrier, leaving you ill?equipped to deal with uneasy situations. This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger.
The link between lack (短缺) of sleep and negative moods (anger included) has been proved in past research, but the problem is that we know that the two come together, but not that whether one causes the other. In the current study, Krizan and co?author Garrett Hisler, an ISU doctoral student, deal with this question.
Under the study, volunteers were divided into two groups. The control group followed their normal sleep routine, while the experimental group cut two to four hours of sleep each night for two nights. On average, the control group got almost seven hours of sleep a night, while the experimental group got about four and a half hours each night.
In order to measure anger, they had volunteers visit the lab before and after the sleep manipulation (操纵). All the while, they were asked to listen to some unpleasant brown and white noise. Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.
“In general, anger was much higher for those whose sleep was restricted (限制)，” Krizan said. “We manipulated how unpleasant the noise was during the task. As expected, volunteers reported more anger when the noise was more unpleasant. When sleep was restricted, people reported even more anger, regardless of the noise.”
Sleep loss is known to increase negative moods, such as anxiety and sadness, and decrease positive moods, such as happiness and excitement. However, the team says they found that sleep loss uniquely affected anger.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。大家都知道睡眠不足和坏情绪之间有联系，但是之前的研究都没有表明到底是睡眠不足引起了愤怒，还是愤怒引起了睡眠不足。最新的一项研究给出了答案。
5．What did the study mentioned find out?
A．Some disadvantages of sleeping less.
B．Some signs of having poor?quality sleep.
C．The link between lack of sleep and negative moods.
D．The cause?effect relationship between sleep loss and anger.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger”以及第二段内容可知，文中提到的这项研究是发现了睡眠不足和怒气之间的因果关系。
6．What's the purpose of asking the volunteers to listen to unpleasant noise?
A．To make them angry.
B．To make them awake.
C．To take their attention away.
D．To affect their thinking ability.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In order to measure anger”和“Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.”以及后面的实验结果可推测，这个实验中的噪音主要是想提供一个令人不舒服的环境，激起志愿者们的怒气。
7．From what Krizan said, we know ________.
A．the reasons for the study
B．the findings of the study
C．the process of the study
D．the method used in the study
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。从倒数第二段Krizan说的话中，我们可以知道关于这项研究的一些发现。
Ⅲ.完形填空
As a student in my final year of high school, I am very concerned about college. I spend most days thinking about the __1__， hoping that I'm on the right path.
I'm interested in a career in __2__， so I decided to volunteer for service at the local hospital. I thought it would be the best of both worlds: __3__ people while getting valuable on?the?job experience! So I went to the business office. __4__， the hospital director was quite willing to let me help out, and he said I could __5__ that summer as soon as I finished my finals. I accepted his __6__ immediately, thinking to myself that here lay all the __7__ I could ever want!
Soon enough, I __8__ for my first day at the __9__. The director gave me a brief tour of different departments (科室) __10__ we stopped right in front of the maternity ward (产科病房). “This is where you're going to __11__，” he said. I was overwhelmed (受不了的) by the sounds. Women shouted and newborns __12__. I got nervous and wondered if I had been in a hurry when I __13__ to go for such a __14__ job.
My __15__ must have shown clearly on my face because the director said, “Don't worry. You are going to help in the nursery.” __16__ that, we walked down a hallway filled with balloons, beautiful flowers and into the __17__ room I've ever seen. The soft colors provided a quiet backdrop to the sleeping babies. The nurse in charge of the nursery __18__me, thanked me for__19__， and asked me to start putting some baby things away in the drawers. The director gave me a __20__ look, which I returned with a quiet nod. I got right to work.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一天到医院做义工的经历。
1．A.score B．test
C．family D．future
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“I'm on the right path”及“career”可知，作者花很多时间考虑自己的“未来(future)”。
2．A.teaching B．nursing
C．dancing D．acting
答案与解析：B 根据下文出现的“hospital”及“nurse”可知，作者希望将来从事“护理(nursing)”工作。
3．A.helping B．moving
C．encouraging D．visiting
答案与解析：A 去医院做义工当然可以“帮助(helping)”他人。
4．A.Finally B．Fortunately
C．Suddenly D．Immediately
答案与解析：B 根据下文的“the hospital director was quite willing to let me help out”可知，作者想去医院做义工，院长表示同意，说明她很“幸运(Fortunately)”。
5．A.start B．sign
C．learn D．ask
答案与解析：A 此处是说，期末考试一结束，作者就可以“开始(start)”在医院做义工。
6．A.gift B．rule
C．offer D．advice
答案与解析：C 根据下文作者开始到医院工作可知，她接受了院长的“提议(offer)”。
7．A.possibilities B．responsibilities
C．choices D．chances
答案与解析：D 根据上文的“getting valuable on?the?job experience”可知，作者认为医院能给她提供她想要的任何“机会(chances)”。
8．A.went over B．showed up
C．turned out D．kept on
答案与解析：B 根据下文作者到医院参观各个科室可知，她“出现在了(showed up)”“医院(hospital)”。
9．A.high school B．business office
C．college D．hospital
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
10．A.as B．when
C．until D．before
答案与解析：C 作者在院长的带领下参观各个科室，“直到(until)”他们来到产科病房前。
11．A.work B．study
C．live D．research
答案与解析：A 根据文章最后一句“I got right to work.”可知，作者被安排在产科“工作(work)”。
12．A.played B．slept
C．cried D．laughed
答案与解析：C 根据上文的“I was overwhelmed (受不了的) by the sounds.”可知，此处指新生儿的“哭闹(cried)”。
13．A.stopped B．continued
C．refused D．decided
答案与解析：D 作者看到产科病房的场景时开始感到紧张不安，她不知道自己“决定(decided)”找这样一份工作是否有些操之过急。
14．A.difficult B．boring
C．small D．dangerous
答案与解析：A 根据上文的“got nervous”可知，作者觉得这是一项工作“困难的(difficult)”工作。
15．A.fear B．anger
C．pain D．surprise
答案与解析：A 根据下文的“because the director said, ‘Don't worry...’”可知，作者的“担心(fear)”被院长看在眼里。
16．A.For B．Like
C．With D．Before
答案与解析：C “说着(With)”，我们便通过了一个气球和鲜花装点的走廊。
17．A.most peaceful B．most convenient
C．largest D．cleanest
答案与解析：A 根据下文的中“soft”， “quiet”和“sleeping babies”可知，这个房间是作者见过的“最安静的(most peaceful)”房间。
18．A.replaced B．remembered
C．welcomed D．trusted
答案与解析：C 根据本句中的“thanked me”可知，负责育儿室的护士对作者的“到来(coming)”表示“欢迎(welcomed)”和感谢。
19．A.waiting B．returning
C．listening D．coming
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
20．A.questioning B．quick
C．serious D．familiar
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“which I returned with a quiet nod”可知，院长投来“询问的(questioning)”目光。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Winter in Quebec, Canada is very different from that in England. When I first arrived, I was 1.________ (slight) worried about the winter. I couldn't imagine 2.________ it would be like to have 3 metres of snow and what on earth I was going to do when the weather was so bad. However, here, life goes on as usual. Trains and buses continue, and people socialise and even better. 3.________ number of new sports take over.
For me, skiing means downhill skiing, in ski resorts (度假胜地), with ski lifts taking you up the mountain. Before 4.________ (arrive), I did not know there were in fact different 5.________ (type) of skiing. Imagine a sunny but cold day, and you have taken a chairlift to the top of a mountain 6.________ (cover) in snow. An hour seems like a few minutes, as you carve your way down a run to the bottom, and then do it all again. It is my new favourite sport.
Ice skating on a frozen (结冰的) lake is another 7.________ (excite) sport for me. Once I could hardly stand on a pair of ice skates, but now I am able to make laps (圈) of the 3 km route on the lake, 8.________ is frozen during January and February.
Indeed having 3 metres of snow was a bit frightening. School 9.________ (cancel) once because of a big snowstorm, but I was 10.________ busy enjoying all these cool sports that winter finished too soon!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。加拿大魁北克市冬季降雪量会达到三米。不过，别担心，这儿有丰富多样的冬季户外运动。
答案与解析：
1．slightly 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词worried，表示“稍微”，故填副词slightly。
2．what 考查连接词。设空表示“我无法想象降雪量达到三米是什么样的情景”，故填what。what在此引导宾语从句。
3．A 考查不定冠词。由下文的描述可知，此处表示“有许多新的运动”，故填A。a number of意为“许多，大量”。
4．arriving 考查动词?ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词Before的宾语，故填arriving。
5．types 考查名词复数。设空处表示“种类”，因为type是可数名词，由其前的were和different可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填types。
6．covered 考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处表示“被积雪覆盖的山”，cover与mountain之间是动宾关系，故填covered。
7．exciting 考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰sport，表示“令人激动的”，故填形容词exciting。
8．which 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明lake，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．was cancelled 考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处表示“有一次因为大暴雪学校还放了假”，school与cancel之间是被动关系，因为设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填was cancelled。
10．so 考查副词。so... that...意为“如此……以至于……”。
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课时作业12
Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They said goodbye to the villagers, with tears rolling (roll) down their cheeks.
2．The company made an announcement (announce) that they decided to introduce their products to Asia.
3．With the Spring Festival approaching (approach), the students are beginning to talk about their plans.
4．Henry, a boy from the countryside, is eager to_go (go) to a famous university, so he always works hard.
5．In the crowded (crowd) city, my father prefers walking to taking a bus.
6．In my opinion, it is important that we (should) value our friends instead of phones in our real life.
7．She is very generous with her time, but mean with money.
8．He was_charged (charge) with taking dangerous products, which made us all surprised.
9．So far, large amounts of money have_been spent (spend) on that big project.
10．I will try my best, but can't ensure (sure) that you will succeed this time.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
I wouldn't be surprised at all if you love doing sports. Sports are a very important part of human life. However, some are considered to be more dangerous, such as extreme sports. Because of the danger those sports can lead to, many people believe they should be banned (禁止). I strongly believe that extreme sports are not a danger and should not be banned. There are many reasons for letting them stay a part of our life. Firstly, extreme sports can increase confidence. Secondly, extreme sports challenge people and develop their skills. And last but not least, extreme sports can add to a person's experience, determination and courage.
Some people say that extreme sports are much too risky, and there is always a danger of serious injury or even death. But if you want to remove risks, you will have to avoid many other human activities like driving and traveling by plane. Even crossing a road is dangerous!
Many popular sports in fact can make players injured easily. Football, basketball, gymnastics, figure skating and other sports can lead to bad results. Do you know that football is one of the most dangerous sports? A professional football player gets up to 200 injuries of different kinds every year! And the incidents where a player dies during the match are not very rare.
Sports do not just have positive physical effects, but they also have mental and social benefits for those who take part in them. I think that taking away elements of risk, danger, and challenge would leave all sports meaningless. Our society will be healthier if more people take part in all types of sports. Banning dangerous sports only limits the freedom of choosing from a wide range of sports that people should feel free to take part in.
Of course, if you want to take part in an extreme sport, you should always be well prepared. After all, safety comes first.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。极限运动有一定的风险性，很多人倡议禁止极限运动，但作者不赞成这样做。
1．Why does the author mention such activities as driving and traveling by plane?
A．To tell us to avoid such activities.
B．To show extreme sports are really risky.
C．To show risks are common in our daily life.
D．To tell us people's attitudes toward extreme sports.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“But if you want to remove risks, you will have to avoid many other human activities like driving and traveling by plane. Even crossing a road is dangerous！”可知，作者是想表明风险在我们的日常生活里很普遍。
2．Which of the following statements would the author agree with?
A．Football is highly dangerous.
B．Popular sports hardly make people injured.
C．Most people seldom realize the danger of extreme sports.
D．Professional football players know more about ways of avoiding injury.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Do you know that football is one of the most dangerous sports? A professional football player gets up to 200 injuries of different kinds every year! And the incidents where a player dies during the match are not very rare.”可推测，作者认为足球运动也很危险。
3．What's the author's attitude toward extreme sports?
A．Doubtful. B．Worried.
C．Negative. D．Positive.
答案与解析：D 观点态度题。根据文章内容可知，作者认为极限运动不应该被禁止，因此他对极限运动持肯定的态度。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Should Extreme Sports Be Banned or Not?
B．Should Children Play Dangerous Sports?
C．How Do We Benefit from Risky Sports?
D．Why Do People Love Football?
答案与解析：A 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是围绕极限运动是否应该被禁止展开的。
B
On any given day, you can find most 10?year?old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding their bikes, or playing video games. But Braden Baker is different.
Braden is a hearing impaired (受损的) 5th?grader and has to wear hearing aids (助听器). Unluckily, Braden's dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them — not once, but twice — and they had to be replaced. But at $3,500 to $6,000 a pair, Braden's carelessness was costly.
Braden's mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining just how much they cost. “I told him that he was lucky we could buy another pair and that some people couldn't afford a new pair，” Ashley said.
Those words clearly stuck in Braden's mind, who realized that not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. So recently, the 10?year?old took it upon himself to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren't so lucky.
Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money. Ashley said, “We weren't really sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of $1,000. We woke up the next morning and found that it had raised $400.”
This encouraged him to start making even more videos. Fast?forward a few months and Braden's GoFundMe page has raised over $15,000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation. And that money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children.
The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mom, “he's learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.”
As for Braden's advice to those looking for ways to give back to others? “Don't give up! Any small idea can get really big.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了10岁的听障男孩发起筹资网页，帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器的故事。
5．Why did Braden change his hearing aids?
A．He wanted a better pair of hearing aids.
B．The old pairs were destroyed by his dog.
C．His hearing problem became more serious.
D．He lost the old pairs because of his carelessness.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由第二段的第二句可知，Braden的狗找到并弄坏了他的助听器。
6．What has led to Braden starting a GoFundMe page?
A．His mother's words about the usefulness of hearing aids.
B．His mother's encouragement for him to do good things.
C．His wish to help poor children with hearing problems.
D．His need to buy a new pair of hearing aids.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第四段中的“Braden's mind, who realized that... raise money for those who aren't so lucky”可知，Braden了解到有些听障儿童买不起助听器，因此他想筹资帮助这些孩子。
7．How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started?
A．Uncertain. B．Satisfied.
C．Hopeful. D．Unexpected.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第五段中的“We weren't really sure how it would turn out”可知，一开始发起筹资网页时，Braden和妈妈都不确定结果会怎样。
8．What has Braden learned from working on the project?
A．One should always use money smartly.
B．A small idea can make a big difference.
C．Videoing is a good way to reach people.
D．It's important to dream big and hold on to it.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“he's learned that if you... things can happen”可知，Braden通过筹资学到一件事：将小小的想法付诸行动，会有很棒的结果出现。
Ⅲ.七选五
Rainbows (彩虹) are one of the most beautiful works that nature creates. __1__ If you've ever seen one, consider yourself lucky.
Rainbows can be seen when light passes through raindrops, says Kristin Calhoun, a research scientist studying the conditions of weather.
When sunlight passes through raindrops, the light bends, as it enters a droplet. As it leaves the droplet, the light separates into different wavelengths (波长). __2__ The seven colors — red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet — bend in seven different directions. Red light, for example, bends in a different way than violet light. __3__ It also explains why rainbows look like an arc (弧). Sometimes, however, rainbows can actually form a circle that you can see in a plane with the right conditions.
__4__ “There is an even better chance when the sun is at a lower level, early or later in the day，” Calhoun says. And another key is to face the rain and have your back to the sun.
__5__ “Small showers and storms often form in late afternoon in this area，” Calhoun says. “These types of showers often produce heavy rain, but remain isolated (孤立的) over the center of the island.”
A．There are lots of stories relating to rainbows.
B．Rainbows are created by light through raindrops.
C．And each wavelength appears as a different color.
D．With the conditions just right, Hawaii gets lots of rainbows.
E．The best time to catch a rainbow is when it's sunny and raining.
F．But they can be seen only if you are in the right place at the right time.
G．This is why the person on the ground sees each color at a different location.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。彩虹是大自然最美的作品之一，在什么样的条件下才能欣赏到美丽的彩虹呢？
答案与解析：
1．F 空前“Rainbows(彩虹) are one of the most beautiful works that nature creates”与F项内容形成转折关系，即彩虹虽然美丽，但人们必须在合适的时间和地点才能看见它。
2．C C项中的wavelength和color分别复现上文中的wavelengths和下文中的colors，起到承上启下的作用。
3．G 空前的“The seven colors... bend in seven different directions. Red light, for example, bends in a different way than violet light.”与G项内容形成因果关系。
4．E 本段涉及彩虹出现的天气条件，E项内容符合该话题，且E项中的“sunny and raining”与空后的“the sun”和“the rain”存在词汇复现关系。
5．D 空后的“this area”和“the island”指代D项中的Hawaii，本段说明夏威夷气象条件合适，因此经常出现彩虹。
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