(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课时作业10
Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2017·浙江11月卷]It's surprising how much simple movements (move) of the body can affect the way we think.
2．[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic (energy)．
3．[2018·北京卷]Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger (angry) within us as well.
4．[2019·江苏卷]These are volcanoes so explosive (explode) that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera.
5．[2019·江苏卷]With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination (combine) of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.
6．[2018·江苏卷]The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date from the Middle Ages.
7．[2018·浙江卷]Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm?based society into an industrial power.
8．[2019·浙江卷]On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
9．[2015·福建卷]If you're serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it's extremely important to surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional (emotion) support.
10．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
[2019·河北石家庄一中高一期末]I used to think education was the most important thing in my life. Recently my attitude has begun to change, although I still hold that it is essential for everyone in the world today. As a top junior student in my college, I was asked to make a speech on how to learn English well. Standing in front of the audience and facing so many freshmen, I was trembling. I didn't remember any words that I had prepared. I ran out of the conference room without finishing my speech, leaving everyone puzzled. I cried that night in my room, feeling that I was a loser. Studying takes up so much of my time that I feel unable to really develop myself. I am just storing knowledge, yet I fail to communicate with others. I have received many awards in school, but they don't necessarily reflect anything about me. I don't know how to socialize. When I leave school I fear I will be of no use to society.
I realize that everyone has his own way of living. I want to change my lifestyle. Of course I will keep studying. Yet I plan to look for a part?time job, which might turn out to be a good chance to get to know society. I still believe that working my hardest makes me happy. I will still stay on in college. But I will not allow it to shelter me from the real world.
【语篇解读】 作者由于紧张未能完成在大一新生面前的演讲，在伤心的同时也认识到自己的不足，决定加强锻炼，让自己更适应社会。
1．The underlined word “essential” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A．impossible B．unnecessary
C．most important D．most useful
答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第一、二句可推测，虽然作者现在不再认为教育是人生中最重要的事了，但教育仍是人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，因此essential在这里可理解为most important(非常重要的)，故选C项。
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The author comes to know how important it is to make some money.
B．The author realizes that it is more important to develop oneself than just to learn knowledge.
C．The author does not think education is a most important thing in her life any more.
D．The author thinks that communicating with others is more important than education.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知作者计划在继续学习的同时，做一份兼职来进一步提高自己适应社会的能力，故选B项。
3．Why does the author feel fearful that she will be of no use to society?
A．Because she is unable to develop herself.
B．Because studying takes up too much of her time.
C．Because she does not know how to communicate with others.
D．Because she feels that she is a failure.
答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第一段中“I am just storing knowledge, yet I fail to communicate with others... I don't know how to socialize.”可知选C项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2019·河北石家庄一中高一期末]Many years ago, Dad worked as a farmhand (农场工人). At that time, he had a horse. Every Saturday he __1__ to the town after dinner and spent a few hours on social __2__ with other farmhands, such as drinking, chatting, and playing cards in the café. On Saturday evenings, the café was __3__ because many farmhands were there. Before midnight Dad returned home on his horse, quite satisfied with his __4__. In his words, he __5__ thought of changing his job.
At the age of 31, Dad married my mother who was a schoolteacher. In the following spring I came __6__ into the world. Life became hard, so my mother felt __7__. She told Dad that they must make a __8__.
My mother had __9__ of how some famous persons, especially Thomas Edison who was born in a poor family, fought against fate and achieved success and __10__. And she __11__ that I would some day become a great leader __12__ men or cities and Dad should be a successful businessman. So she __13__ Dad to give up his job as a farmhand, sell his horse and __14__ a small business of his own. And I went to high school and college. She even sent me abroad for __15__ education when I graduated from college. Under the drive of my mother's hope, Dad and I __16__ what we have today. Dad runs a big international __17__ and I am a successful lawyer __18__ great fame in my country, __19__ not a leader as my mother expected.
Dad said, “Without your mother, we wouldn't be what we are today.” Probably he would remain a farmhand. __20__ he got a lesson of life — sometimes we really need drive from outside.
【语篇解读】 本文通过母亲激励我和父亲不断成长变化的故事，揭示了一个道理：有时候我们需要外部的鼓励推动，才能走得更远。
1．A.rode B．walked
C．ran D．drove
答案与解析：A'由“At that time, he had a horse. Every Saturday he ________ to the town after dinner and spent a few hours on social ________ with other farmhands(那时候他有一匹马，每周六吃完晚餐后他会骑马去镇上，然后和其他的农场工人进行几个小时的社交活动)”及第4空所在句子中的on his horse可知选A项。ride骑；walk步行；run跑步；drive开车。
2．A.conversations B．games
C．relationships D．activities
答案与解析：D'喝酒、聊天和玩纸牌都是社交活动，故选D项。conversation谈话；game游戏；relationship关系。
3．A.cold B．crowded
C．quiet D．dirty
答案与解析：B'由“because many farmhands were there”可知，因为那里有很多农场工人，所以咖啡馆很拥挤(crowded)。cold寒冷的；quiet宁静的；dirty脏的。
4．A.horse B．entertainment
C．life D．beer
答案与解析：C'该部分表述的是父亲的生活，所以选C项。horse马；entertainment娱乐；beer啤酒。句意：午夜前，父亲会骑马回到家，他对生活感到非常满意。
5．A.often B．ever
C．never D．sometimes
答案与解析：C 因为父亲对生活很满意，所以他从未(never)想过要换工作。
6．A.laughing B．singing
C．sleeping D．crying
答案与解析：D'由“In the following spring I came ________ into the world.(第二年春天我来到了这个世界)”及常识可知，婴儿是哭着(crying)出生的，故选D项。laugh笑；sing唱；sleep睡觉。
7．A.unimportant B．busy
C．unsatisfied D．tired
答案与解析：C'因为家里增加了人口，生活变得艰难，母亲对这种生活感到不满意(unsatisfied)。unimportant不重要的；busy忙碌的；tired疲劳的。
8．A.living B．change
C．decision D．house
答案与解析：B'由“She told Dad that they must make a ________.(她告诉父亲他们必须要做出改变)”可知选B项。
9．A.dreamed B．heard
C．thought D．spoken
答案与解析：B'“我”母亲听说过一些名人怎样与命运抗争并取得成功和名望的故事，尤其是出身寒门的托马斯·爱迪生。故事是“听”到的，所以选heard。dream梦想；think思考；speak说。
10．A.honesty B．money
C．fame D．energy
答案与解析：C'第9空后的famous为该词(fame)的同根词复现。honesty诚实；money钱；energy能量。
11．A.cared B．knew
C．forgot D．hoped
答案与解析：D'母亲受故事里成功人士的影响，希望(hoped)有一天“我”可以成为一位出色的领导，父亲成为成功的商人。第16空前的hope为该词的原词复现。care在意；know知道；forget忘记。
12．A.training B．ruling
C．helping D．protecting
答案与解析：B'train训练；rule支配；help帮助；protect保护。
13．A.doubted B．wanted
C．allowed D．persuaded
答案与解析：D'因此她说服(persuaded)父亲放弃了农场工人的工作，卖掉了马，创办了自己的小公司。doubt怀疑；want想；allow允许。
14．A.start B．find
C．design D．sell
答案与解析：A'按照母亲的建议，父亲创办(start)了自己的小公司。find找到；design设计；sell卖。
15．A.farther B．higher
C．easier D．closer
答案与解析：B'在“我”大学毕业后，她甚至把“我”送出国接受更高等的(higher)教育。farther更远；easier更容易；closer更近。
16．A.showed B．kept
C．lost D．achieved
答案与解析：D'show表示；keep保持；lose丢失；achieve完成。由“Under the drive of my mother's hope, Dad and I achieved what we have today.(在母亲希望的驱动下，我和父亲有了今天的成就)”可知，选D。
17．A.company B．school
C．farm D．café
答案与解析：A'由第12空后的businessman可知，应选company(公司)。父亲经营一家大型国际公司，“我”成为一名成功的律师，在国内享有极高的声望。school学校；farm农场；café咖啡馆。
18．A.suffering B．sharing
C．enjoying D．following
答案与解析：C'这里指的是享有声望，故选enjoying。suffer遭受；share分享；follow遵从。
19．A.though B．if
C．and D．since
答案与解析：A'由语境可知，“我”当了律师，没有成为母亲所希望的领导。上下文之间是让步关系。
20．A.So B．However
C．Or D．Because
答案与解析：A'句意为“因此他学到了人生中的一课：有时候我们的确需要外部的鼓励推动(才能走得更远)”，故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五
[2019·河南郑州一中高一期末]Winter is a really fun time of the year — it's great to have snowball fights and build snowmen. __1__ When it's cold outside and you're not prepared, you can feel uncomfortable. Lucky for you, learning how to stay safe is not difficult.
? __2__ Wearing thick clothes is the best way to stay warm in cold weather. Depending on where you live and how cold it is, some kids may need more clothes.
? Take that hat. You maybe wear a large overcoat and you are ready to go, but are you forgetting something? __3__ You'll stay much warmer with a hat than without one — tons of body heat escapes right from your head.
?Drink up. Sounds like advice for hot weather, not cold weather, right? __4__ When you're outside in the cold and breathing hard, your body loses a lot of water through your breath. And the best way to get that water back is to drink up!
?Take it easy. Sometimes if you're out having fun, it's easy to forget to pay attention to your body. But if your body temperature drops even 4 or 5 degrees while you're outside, it can make you feel terrible. __5__ And if you ever feel weak, those are signs that you have to take it easy indoors for a while.
A．Love those clothes.
B．Have a snowball fight.
C．Pull a hat onto your head.
D．That's why you need to be careful with your body's signals.
E．Well, the truth is that it's good advice for both kinds of weather.
F．But you have to know how to be safe while you're out having fun.
G．You can stay outside as long as possible to fully enjoy your snowy days.
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了在冬天出去玩的时候关于保证安全的一些建议。
1．答案与解析：F'由下文的“Lucky for you, learning how to stay safe is not difficult. (幸运的是，学习如何保证安全并不困难)”可知，在出去玩的时候要知道如何保证安全。F项符合文意，故选F。
2．答案与解析：A'由下文的“Depending on where you live and how cold it is, some kids may need more clothes.(根据你住在哪里、天气有多冷，有些孩子可能需要多穿衣服)”可知要珍爱衣服。A项符合文意，故选A。
3．答案与解析：C'由下文的“You'll stay much warmer with a hat than without one — tons of body heat escapes right from your head.(你戴着帽子会比不戴帽子暖和得多——大量的身体热量是从你的头上散失的)”可知，要把帽子戴在头上。C项符合文意，故选C。
4．答案与解析：E'由上文的“Sounds like advice for hot weather, not cold weather, right？(听起来像是给炎热的天气的建议，而不是寒冷的天气，对吗？)”可知，这适合于两种天气。E项符合文意，故选E。
5．答案与解析：D 由上文的“But if your body temperature drops even 4 or 5 degrees while you're outside, it can make you feel terrible.(但是，如果你的体温在室外下降4或5度，这会让你感觉很糟糕)”可知，这是你需要注意身体信号的原因。D项符合文意，故选D。
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(共41张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
课时作业11
Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2019·天津卷]Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely (extreme) grateful.
2．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]These kids are so absorbed (absorb) in their studies that I just sit back.
3．[2018·天津卷]Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely (absolute) nothing!
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]And, even if I weren't excited enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing (appeal) enough to me.
5．[2017·天津卷]I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely (definite) be criticised.
6．[2015·湖北卷]Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangement (arrange)．
7．[2017·江苏卷]Since 1992 the number of people dying has_been (be) bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.
8．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]I don't see any reason to give up work.
9．[2015·天津卷]—Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you.
—Forget it, but don't do that again!
10．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]You will surely need to_overcome (overcome) some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned.
Ⅱ.用括号中动词的适当形式填空
1．[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing (allow) even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
2．[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, saying (say) that I had a talent for football.
3．[2018·浙江11月卷]The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making (make) one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once...
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying (stay) until late to see the parade and the fireworks.
5．[2018·浙江11月卷]Rural (农村的) schooling was divided into summer and winter terms, leaving (leave) kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.
6．[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]It took three years to complete and was built using (use) an interesting method.
7．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]Sarah was told that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning (earn) a million dollars in the next year.
8．[2017·浙江卷]Others say it's only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing (see) it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.
9．[2017·浙江卷]For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging (challenge) task.
10．[2017·浙江卷]Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running (run) from the house.
11．[2017·天津卷]The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.
12．[2015·湖南卷]When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, wondering (wonder) whether to stay or leave.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
[2019·河北张家口一中高一教学质量检测]I first began experiencing anxiety and depression (抑郁) at the age of 14, after being bullied at school for years. While at first anxiety and depression would come and go, it eventually became a constant part of my life.
I was so eager to find a solution to overcoming my anxiety and depression that I tried almost everything: mood?changing medication (药物), special teas, yoga, anything I read about in books, and advice given by doctors. Despite this, I still felt I hadn't even come close to managing the problem.
But one afternoon, my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression. The very next day, I decided to get a dog — a corgi. When I brought my little corgi, Buddy, home, I didn't realize how much he would change my life. It didn't happen right away, however.
Once the “puppy excitement” went away，my anxiety and depression came back as usual. One morning, I woke up with those familiar feelings again. I didn't want to get out of bed. I turned to pull the covers back over my head and gave up. That's when I saw Buddy.
Buddy started jumping all over me, licking my face, letting me know that it was time to go outside. It was as if he were saying, “There's no time to be sad; the world is amazing！” And for the first time in my life, my life was changing. I really was a new person. This was my new beginning.
It's been more than a year since that day, and I've never spent another morning unable to get out of bed. I've not cried myself to sleep or spent my days stuck_with fear and regret. Sure, I still have days when I feel sad or anxious. But with Buddy, my best friend, by my side, I've finally learned how to manage these feelings and emotions.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者经历了焦虑和抑郁，各种治疗方法都不奏效，有一天作者在一本杂志上看到狗可以帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁，所以作者买了一只柯基犬。经过和狗一段时间的相处，作者的抑郁症状有了很大缓解。作者学会了如何管理自己的情绪。
1．Which cannot describe the author before she got a corgi?
A．Anxious. B．Depressed.
C．Hopeful. D．Fearful.
答案与解析：C'细节理解题。由第一段中的“I first began experiencing anxiety and depression at the age of 14, after being bullied at school for years.”可知，在学校里被欺负了很多年之后，作者在14岁的时候第一次开始经历焦虑和抑郁。所以在买柯基犬前，作者是焦虑的、抑郁的、害怕的。只有C选项hopeful“有希望的”不能够描写作者在买柯基犬前的状态，故C选项正确。
2．How did the author know having a dog might help with her depression?
A．She read about it in an article by chance.
B．She knew it from her doctors.
C．She knew it after having a dog.
D．She knew it from her friend.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第三段的“But one afternoon, my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression.(但有一天下午，我的目光落在了我正在读的一本杂志的一篇文章上，这是一篇关于狗如何帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁的文章)”可知，作者是偶然读到了一篇关于养狗可能有助于缓解焦虑和抑郁的文章，故A选项正确。
3.Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined words “stuck with” in the last paragraph?
A．Pleased with. B．Unable to move.
C．Unable to get rid of. D．Free of.
答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。由最后一段的“I've not cried myself to sleep or spent my days stuck with fear and regret.(我没有哭着入睡，也没有整天沉浸在恐惧和悔恨中)”可知，stuck with在意思上与unable to get rid of“无法摆脱”最接近，故C选项正确。
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Dogs Are Our Best Friends
B．Pet Dogs Can Be a Good Cure
C．How to Overcome Depression
D．Getting Rid of Depression Is a Piece of Cake
答案与解析：B'主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了作者经历了焦虑和抑郁，她在杂志上看到一篇关于狗可以帮助人们缓解焦虑和抑郁的文章，所以作者买了一只柯基犬。经过一段时间的相处，作者抑郁的症状有了很大的缓解。所以短文主要谈论宠物狗可以治疗焦虑和抑郁，故B选项正确。
Ⅳ.完形填空
After losing my dog Cassie, my best friend of 11 years, I felt incredibly lost, It was like getting my arm cut off, like part of me was __1__.
One day while surfing on the Internet, I typed “Cassie” and “dog” into the search bar, just __2__ interest. I clicked on a few websites and had a look at the __3__ dogs also called Cassie.
I __4__ one site for pet adoption based in the US with a success story about a Cassie, who had been __5__. The new owners had sent pictures of her in her new home to the website, The amazing thing was that their Cassie could have passed as a twin for mine — the __6__ were striking.
I sent an e?mail to the woman who ran the website, along with a __7__ of my dog.
I didn't __8__ to hear anything back, __9__ I thought they were far away and probably busy, even if the pet refuge still existed, as the __10__ with Cassie on it was from four years ago.
But the owner of the refuge sent me back a lovely __11__ saying she was sorry for my loss, and agreed that it was an amazing coincidence (巧合) that the two dogs looked so similar and had the same __12__. She told me that Cassie was __13__ with the same owners, and had been brought back to the __14__ and adopted by another couple.
A few days later, I __15__ another e?mail, this time from the couple now __16__ the American Cassie — the lady from the refuge had __17__ my e?mail to them. The couple had __18__ some recent photos of their Cassie, saying how glad they were to have her. They then passed on their __19__ and wished me well.
I was so pleased that the American Cassie had found a lovely new home. It was also so heartwarming that people on the other side of the world would take the time to send their good wishes to a __20__.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者丢失了自己心爱的小狗，在上网的时候，无意中发现了与自己的小狗特征、名字一样的小狗，它被一对夫妇收养，现在很好，那对夫妇发邮件表示对作者的同情，并祝福作者。
1．A.losing B．missing
C．amazed D．shocked
答案与解析：B'作者形容丢掉自己心爱的狗就像丢掉了自己身体的某一部分。sth. be lost＝sth. be missing，意为“……丢了”。amazed“惊讶的”和shocked“感到震惊的”都不符合语境。
2．A.out of B．of
C．beyond D．in
答案与解析：A'出于兴趣，“我”搜索了“凯西”和“狗”。out of interest意为“出于兴趣”，是固定搭配。
3．A.same B．loyal
C．various D．valuable
答案与解析：C “我”看了叫作凯西的各种各样的狗。因为是在网上搜到的，所以种类很多。same相同的；loyal忠诚的；various各种各样的；valuable珍贵的。
4．A.cared for B．looked up
C．referred to D．came across
答案与解析：D'作者在上网，是无意中遇见(come across)美国一家宠物收容所的。care for照顾，喜欢；look up向上看；refer to提及，涉及；come across偶然遇见。
5．A.hurt B．sold
C．adopted D．exchanged
答案与解析：C'前面提到收养宠物的地方，这里指“凯西被收养(adopted)”。
6．A.acquaintance B．differences
C．similarities D．appearance
答案与解析：C'句意：令人惊讶的是他们的凯西和我的凯西像双胞胎，相似得让人吃惊。acquaintance熟人；difference不同；similarity相同点；appearance外表。
7．A.picture B．twin
C．friend D．character
答案与解析：A'“我”给管理网站的那位女士发了一封电子邮件，附着一张我的狗的照片。a picture of my dog意为“我的狗的照片”。
8．A.want B．decide
C．like D．expect
答案与解析：D'“我”没有期望收到回复。want想；decide决定；like喜欢；expect希望，期望。
9．A.before B．because
C．when D．until
答案与解析：B'第8空所在句是结果，下面陈述原因，故用because(由于，因为)。
10．A.page B．newspaper
C．article D．report
答案与解析：A'这个网页是四年前的。page在这里指“网页”。
11．A.book B．letter
C．e?mail D．telephone
答案与解析：C'因为上文提到作者发电子邮件，所以这里是发回来的邮件。由文中的sent me back可知不是书(book)、信(letter)和电话(telephone)。
12．A.name B．color
C．size D．height
答案与解析：A'由上文可知两只狗都叫Cassie，即名字相同。
13．A.once again B．no longer
C．actually D．regularly
答案与解析：B'由下文的“had been brought back to the refuge and adopted by another couple”可知，这只狗不再由之前的主人收养。no longer意为“不再”，符合题意。
14．A.home B．school
C．refuge D．hospital
答案与解析：C'由下文的adopted by another couple可知，这只狗被带回收容所，并由另一对夫妇收养了。refuge意为“收容所”。
15．A.sent B．wrote
C．accepted D．received
答案与解析：D'几天后，“我”又收到了一封邮件。send发送；write写；accept接受；receive收到。
16．A.looking after B．taking care
C．caring about D．looking for
答案与解析：A'这次的邮件来自现在正照料美国的凯西的夫妇。look after照料；take care当心；care about担心，在乎；look for寻找。
17．A.turned B．forwarded
C．explained D．introduced
答案与解析：B'是收容所的那位女士把“我”的邮件转发(forward)的。turn意为“转变”；forward是及物动词，意思是“转递”；explain意为“解释”；introduce意为“介绍”。
18．A.left B．taken
C．collected D．attached
答案与解析：D'这对夫妇还附上了凯西最近的照片，说他们很高兴能拥有凯西。attach意为“把……粘贴；附上”，符合语境。
19．A.doubt B．evidence
C．sympathy D．trial
答案与解析：C'他们对“我”表示同情(sympathy)，因为“我”丢了自己心爱的小狗。
20．A.stranger B．friend
C．dog D．student
答案与解析：A'作者对于收养狗的夫妇来说是陌生的，所以用stranger(陌生人)。
Ⅴ.语法填空
[2019·河北邯郸一中高一期末]Peking Opera 1.________(consider) as a national treasure in China, which 2.________ (date) back to over 200 years ago. The early Qing Dynasty saw the great 3.________ (develop) of this opera. Qianlong emperor in the Qing Dynasty had 4.________ interest in the local opera.5.________ (celebrate) his eightieth birthday, he asked opera troupes (戏班) 6.________ different places to perform for him in Beijing, so the four big Huiban Opera Troupes entered the capital. 7.________ (gradual), they combined with the Kunqu Opera, Yiyang Opera, Hanju Opera etc., and formed the present Peking Opera.
Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre 8.________ combines music, performance, and dance. Many audiences from different 9.________ (country) think that it is the 10.________ (large) and most influential kind of opera in China and the influence is incomparable in China.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国京剧的发展演变，许多来自不同国家的观众认为它是中国最大、最具影响力的一种歌剧，其影响力在中国是无与伦比的。
1．答案与解析：is considered'考查动词语态。句意：京剧被认为是中国的国宝。根据句意，此处应使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is considered。
2．答案与解析：dates'考查时态。句意：它可以追溯到200多年前。date back to“追溯到”，一般使用一般现在时，故填dates。
3．答案与解析：development'考查名词。句意：清朝早期见证了这种歌剧的巨大发展。根据句意及空前的the和空后的of可知，此处应使用名词形式，故填development。
4．答案与解析：an'考查不定冠词。句意：清朝乾隆皇帝对地方戏很感兴趣。固定短语：have an interest in“对……感兴趣”，故填an。
5．答案与解析：To celebrate'考查不定式。句意：为了庆祝他的八十大寿……此处应使用不定式表目的，故填To celebrate。
6．答案与解析：from'考查介词。句意：他让来自不同地方的戏班到北京为他表演，于是四大徽班进入了首都。from“来自”。
7．答案与解析：Gradually'考查副词。句意：渐渐地，它们与昆曲、益阳戏、汉剧等相结合，形成了现在的京剧。此处修饰整句话，应使用副词形式，故填Gradually。
8．答案与解析：which/that'考查关系词。句意：京剧是中国传统戏剧的一种形式，融合了音乐、表演和舞蹈。此处为定语从句，先行词是a form of traditional Chinese theatre，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which/that。
9．答案与解析：countries 考查名词复数。根据空前的different可知，此处应使用名词复数，故填countries。
10．答案与解析：largest'考查形容词最高级。句意：许多来自不同国家的观众认为它是中国最大、最具影响力的一种歌剧，其影响力在中国是无与伦比的。此处与and后的most influential是并列成分，应使用形容词最高级，故填largest。
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Section Ⅲ Developing ideas,
Presenting ideas & Reflection
课时作业12
Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2017·天津卷]Respond quickly and briefly (brief), apologising for your mistake.
2．[2018·天津卷]Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment (disappoint) we were defeated.
3．[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]Many buildings on the campus are his original (origin) creations.
4．[2018·北京卷]Knowing these causes can make us examine our behaviour (behave), and correct bad habits.
5．[2019·天津3月卷]The course normally (normal) attracts about 100 students per year, of whom up to half will be from abroad.
6．[2019·天津3月卷]If you fail to check out in this manner, the staff will hold an inspection in your absence (absent) and assess whether any payment is required.
7．[2019·江苏卷]He sensed a responsibility (responsible) for music.
8．[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]The city was crowded with disappointed (disappoint) people with no interest in settling down.
9．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]At last I ended up hitting (hit) the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether.
10．[2016·江苏卷]In short, internet voting, to some extent, is unfair and cannot be trusted.
11．[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based (base) on how they typed, with very low error rates.
12．[2019·浙江卷]Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Are you looking for an old teen movie to watch? Here are some good ones for you to choose from.
Good Will Hunting (1997)
Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film, directed by Gus Van Sant, and starring Robin Williams, Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, Minnie Driver, and Stellan Skarsgard. Damon plays a smart but misguided genius working at MIT. To watch now?superstars Damon and Affleck acting in their mid?twenties in this excellent movie is exciting.
Friday Night Lights (2004)
This movie tells about high school sports and friendships. It is based on the book, Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team and A Dream by H．G. Bissinger. The film won the Best Sports Movie ESPY Award and was ranked (排名) number 37 on Entertainment Weekly's list of the Best High School Movies.
The Blind Side (2009)
It's based on the story of Michael Oher's journey from a homeless teen to a college graduate and an excellent player in the National Football League (NFL). Leigh Ann and Sean Tuohy (Sandra Bullock and Tim McGraw) adopted Oher and helped him move beyond his troubled boyhood. Oher's presence also brought a lot of surprises and changes to the Tuohys.
Moneyball (2011)
We love every word that writer Michael Lewis has put on paper. The Art of Winning an Unfair Game is a book by him published in 2003. It is about the Oakland Athletics baseball team and its general manager Billy Beane. The movie tells the story of how a baseball team won 20 consecutive (连续的) games and it was nominated (提名) for an Academy Award for Best Picture in 2012.
【语篇解读】 主题：人与社会(艺术)；话题：四部与青少年有关的老电影。本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了四部与青少年有关的老电影。
1．Which movie would a fan of Matt Damon most probably enjoy?
A．Moneyball. B．The Blind Side.
C．Good Will Hunting. D．Friday Night Lights.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据题干中的Matt Damon可定位到第一部电影。Matt Damon的粉丝最有可能去看由他主演的电影Good Will Hunting。
2．What is H．G. Bissinger most probably?
A．An actor. B．A writer.
C．An athlete. D．A movie director.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据题干中的H.G. Bissinger可定位到第二部电影。根据该部分中的“It is based on the book, Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team and A Dream by H．G. Bissinger.”可知，这部电影改编自H.G. Bissinger写的一本书，也就是说H.G. Bissinger是一位作家。
3．Who would most probably be interested in the movie Moneyball?
A．People loving baseball.
B．People loving Robin Williams.
C．People interested in love stories.
D．People interested in movies about friendships.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章中对Moneyball这部电影的介绍“It is about the Oakland Athletics baseball team...”以及“The movie tells the story of how a baseball team won 20 consecutive games...”可推知，喜欢棒球运动的人可能会对这部电影感兴趣。
B
Fu Yiyao, one of China's leading ink wash painters, released her new book on December 6, 2017 in Shanghai.
Fu followed the words of her father, Fu Baoshi (1904～1965), who was a representative landscape painter of his time, to study Chinese language in college. She set foot in painting circles because of her strong attachment (依恋) to art and she became an outstanding painter.
In 1979, Fu was one of the first batch of overseas students sent to Japan after the country carried out its reform and opening?up policy. She was famous for large?scale ink wash painting and held many exhibitions around the world, helping promote Chinese painting worldwide.
Fu said that her original dream was to become an actress, but her father thought that literature plays an important role in one's growth and is also a qualification (资格) to start painting. Later, Fu gradually understood her father's deep love for her.
After living in Japan for 40 years, Fu said she genuinely understood the superiority of her motherland's culture and she would go on to promote the art of ink wash painting. She believed that she had obeyed her father's wishes.
Speaking of her original purpose of creating her book, Fu said, “It is not a pure autobiography (自传) for I have shared my thoughts on life and art in a new form.” Meanwhile, the book has three types of vision to meet the needs of different readers.
“I have got what I wanted in the process of study and creation. Love may remain only three days, but my love for Chinese culture can last thousands of years，” Fu concluded.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了中国杰出的画家之一傅抱石的女儿傅益瑶的成长经历及成就。
4．Why did Fu Yiyao become a famous painter?
A．Because her father was a painter.
B．Because she listened to her father.
C．Because she was crazy about art.
D．Because she studied painting in college.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“She set foot in painting circles because of her strong attachment to art and she became an outstanding painter.”可知，傅益瑶痴迷于艺术是她成为著名画家的原因，故选C项。
5．What's Fu's purpose of holding many exhibitions around the world?
A．To earn more money by her paintings.
B．To be famous for large?scale ink wash painting.
C．To help more people who need help all over the world.
D．To make people all over the world get to know Chinese painting.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“She was famous for large?scale ink wash painting and held many exhibitions around the world, helping promote Chinese painting worldwide.”可知，傅益瑶在世界各地举办许多画展，其目的是在世界范围内帮助推广中国绘画，也就是让全世界的人来了解中国绘画，故选D。
6．What did Fu's father think important in one's growth?
A．Literature. B．Painting.
C．Friendship. D．Gift.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中“but her father thought that literature plays an important role in one's growth”可知，傅益瑶的父亲认为文学对于一个人的成长很重要，故选A。
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Fu loves painting very much.
B．Fu loves her mother very much.
C．Fu loves her new book very much.
D．Fu loves Chinese culture very much.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句中的“my love for Chinese culture can last thousands of years”可推知，傅益瑶非常热爱中国文化，故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2019·黑龙江鹤岗一中高一月考]Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me, “Everything happens for the best. If you __1__， one day something good will happen. And you'll realize that it wouldn't have happened but for those previous __2__.”
As it __3__， mother was right. In 1932, I ended my college life. __4__ that, I had decided to try for a job in radio, and then could work my way up to a sports __5__. I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every __6__ — but got turned down every time. In one station, a __7__ lady told me that big stations couldn't risk hiring a person who lacked __8__. “Go to a __9__ town and find a little station that will give you a chance，” she said. I then __10__ to Dixon. While there was no radio?announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted an athlete to __11__ its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I __12__. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn't __13__.
My disappointment must have __14__. “Everything happens for the best，” Mom __15__ me. Then I __16__ WOC Radio in Davenport. The program director named Peter MacArthur told me they had already __17__ a contract with another announcer.
As I left his office, my disappointment __18__ over. I asked aloud, “How can a fellow become a sports announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station？”
I was waiting for the lift when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was that you said about sports? You know something about football？” Then he stood me before a __19__ and asked me to broadcast a live game.
I often __20__ what direction my life might have taken if I'd gotten the job at Montgomery Ward and if I didn't persist.
【语篇解读】 主题：人与自我(生活)；话题：坚持总有好的结果。本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲告诉作者如果坚持的话，总有一天好的事情会发生。作者在找工作的过程中经历了很多失望，但是他坚持了下来，最后找到了自己想要的工作。
1．A.look on B．get on
C．carry on D．stay on
答案与解析：C'如果坚持(carry on)的话，总有一天好的事情会发生。look on(以某种方式)看待；get on取得进展；stay on继续(工作或学习)。
2．A.successes B．results
C．lives D．disappointments
答案与解析：D 此处与首句中的Whenever I felt disappointed相对应，意为“你会认识到，如果不是之前那些失望，这一切就不会发生”。
3．A.carried out B．turned out
C．figured out D．looked out
答案与解析：B'句意：结果证明，母亲是正确的。turn out意为“最后是，结果是”，符合语境。carry out实施，执行；figure out理解，弄清楚；look out向外看，小心。
4．A.Before B．After
C．Since D．Although
答案与解析：A'本句使用了过去完成时(had decided)，而上一句使用了一般过去时(ended)，由此可知decide的动作发生在end之前，此处表示“在此之前”。
5．A.hostess B．athlete
C．announcer D．performer
答案与解析：C'根据第10空后的While there was no radio?announcing jobs in Dixon可知，作者想找体育播音员(announcer)的工作。
6．A.firm B．school
C．store D．station
答案与解析：D'根据第7空后的big stations可知，作者是敲了每个广播电台(station)的门，但是都被拒绝了。
7．A.beautiful B．strict
C．kind D．cruel
答案与解析：C'根据下文可知这位女士告诉了作者失败的原因，所以她是善良的(kind)。
8．A.money B．experience
C．appearance D．knowledge
答案与解析：B'大型电台不会冒险雇用一个缺乏经验(experience)的人。
9．A.busy B．distant
C．big D．small
答案与解析：D'那位女士劝作者去小镇上找小型的电台试一试。
10．A.turned B．saw
C．walked D．added
答案与解析：A'那位女士告诉作者去小镇上试一试，作者便转向Dixon。
11．A.buy B．manage
C．sell D．show
答案与解析：B'作者的父亲告诉作者Montgomery Ward需要一名运动员来管理(manage)体育部。
12．A.applied B．refused
C．agreed D．appealed
答案与解析：A'作者听到这个消息，就去申请(apply)这份工作。
13．A.employed B．fired
C．fitted D．satisfied
答案与解析：A'根据but可知，虽然这份工作很适合作者，但是他没有被雇用(employ)。
14．A.disappeared B．shown
C．fallen D．responded
答案与解析：B'下文中作者的母亲对他进行劝导疏解，说明作者的失望情绪表现出来(show)了。
15．A.recited B．persuaded
C．advised D．reminded
答案与解析：D 他的母亲将她之前说过的话又说了一遍，是提醒(remind)作者不要忘了她的话。
16．A.tried B．visited
C．passed D．poured
答案与解析：A 听了母亲的话，作者尝试(try)申请了WOC Radio。
17．A.assigned B．signed
C．designed D．resigned
答案与解析：B 项目负责人告诉作者，他们已经与另一个播音员签了合同。sign a contract签订合同。
18．A.appeared B．disappeared
C．boiled D．removed
答案与解析：C 作者在失望过后又重新申请工作，结果又遭到拒绝，这时他的失望情绪爆发(boil over)。
19．A.radio B．station
C．studio D．microphone
答案与解析：D 作者说的话被MacArthur听见了，他让作者站在麦克风(microphone)前播报一场实况比赛。
20．A.doubted B．intended
C．wondered D．expected
答案与解析：C 作者最终找到喜欢的工作，他经常想(wonder)，如果他被Montgomery Ward录用了，如果他没有坚持下去，他的生活会朝什么方向发展。
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单元写作
写作五步成文(读后续写)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
What's the best way to experience America? I advise one step at a time. And that's exactly what I set out to do in 2006 when I tried to visit all the fifty_states in fifty days and run a marathon in each of them while staying there.
On a warm day in September, I decided to begin my trip of running fifty marathons, in fifty states, in fifty days with the Lewis & Clark marathon in St. Charles, Missouri. It seemed like a fitting place to begin, because it was the 200th anniversary of the Lewis & Clark expedition (探险)．
After visiting Missouri, my plan was to head west across the country, stopping in each state to visit, explore and run a marathon. As you might imagine, the preparations, including the schedules and research, were every bit as challenging as the running itself. Due to the embarrassing timing of different marathons across the nation, we weren't always able to follow a straight line from one state to the next. Instead, we could only travel across the country in a complex (复杂的) web. But that was what made the travel so interesting.
Besides the complex web of travel, the presence of my family made my trip more meaningful. My wife, a dentist, had changed her schedule to join me, and our two children Alexandria and Nicholas would be taking fifty days off school, so they wanted to travel with us. My mom, a retired school teacher, would also be part of the team. My_father also came along. Well, we're from Greece, where one family member goes, the others are soon follow. All of them supported my expedition.
It might be easy to conclude that seeing the country so quickly would lead to an unclear impression,_ but just the opposite was true. I remember every single state and every detail very clearly, even on this very day, more than a decade later.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
After we made careful preparations, my expedition play began finally.________________________________________________________________________
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Paragraph 2：
My good physical quality was shown in the expedition.
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步骤一：品读语篇——抓住要点很关键
前文概要
审体裁：记叙文
审时态：一般过去时
审前文大意以及要点
who：the author
when: in September, 2006
where: St. Charles, Missouri
what: running fifty marathons, in fifty states, in fifty days
why: stopping in each state to visit, explore and run a marathon
第一段：作者计划通过每天跑一次马拉松长跑，跑过五十个州，亲身体验美国。
第二段：在9月份一个暖和的上午开始了体验美国的马拉松赛事。
第三段：作者在每个州停下来参观、探索和跑马拉松，但是准备工作，包括日程安排和研究，都和跑步本身一样具有挑战性，这正是旅行如此有趣的原因。
第四段：家人的出现使作者的旅行更有意义，他们都支持作者的探险运动。
第五段：作者看到这个国家，清楚地记得每一个州和每一个细节，甚至永远不会忘记。
步骤二：戴着镣铐跳舞——研读首句，高度融合原文，合理想象情节
第一段：根据所给第一句“After we made careful preparations, my expedition play began finally.”可知，作者从密苏里州开车到科罗拉多州，参加博尔德越野马拉松。这一地区的地势越来越低，气候变化很大，开始寒冷，突然之间就炎热起来。
第二段：根据所给句子“My good physical quality was shown in the expedition.”可知，作者在马拉松比赛过程中，经常接触一些名人，了解他们的不同文化。身体健壮是一个原因，但喜欢这次活动的主要原因是得到了家人的支持。
步骤三：斟酌打磨——丰富续写词汇，生动描述情节
已给提示词汇：
fifty states, marathon, warm, expedition, challenging, travel, family, my father, support, impression
话题激活词汇：
serious, feel tired, experience, expectation, successfully, drop, become, help, need, find, enjoy, meet, give up, finish, drive, along the highway, fly to, daily marathon routine, after every marathon, wetness, changes became more serious, be healthy and strong
句式翻译
1.我们从密苏里州开车到科罗拉多州。(主谓)
We_drove_from_Missouri_to_Colorado.
2.我们去那儿要参加博尔德越野马拉松。(介词短语表目的)
We're_going_there_for_the_Boulder_Backroads_marathon.
3.沿着公路，湿度越来越低。(比较级)
_Along_the_highway_the_wetness_dropped_lower_and_lower.
4.当我们飞往阿拉斯加时，变化变得更加严重了。(主从复合句)
The_changes_became_more_serious_when_we_flied_to_Alaska.
5.我们遇到了一场暴风雪！(came across)
We_came_across_a_snowstorm!
6.那对我们的探险很有挑战性。(进行时表将来)
That_was_challenging_for_our_expedition.
7.幸好北方户外服装公司帮了我们，所以我们有很多温暖的衣服。(主从复合句)
Thankfully，as_the_outdoor_clothing_company_The_North_Face_helped_us,_we_had_plenty_of_warm_clothing.
8.暖和的衣服我们并没有穿多久。(主谓宾)
We_didn't_wear_warm_clothes_for_long.
9.第二天我们就发现自己在夏威夷的炎热地区了。(主谓宾补)
The_next_day_we_found_ourselves_in_the_hot_area_of_Hawaii.
10.除了每天的马拉松比赛之外，我还喜欢与大人物见面。(enjoy doing sth.)
Apart_from_the_daily_marathon_routine，I_also_enjoyed_meeting_the_great_people.
11.通过这些名人，我体验了不同的文化。(主谓宾)
Through_these_celebrities,_I_have_experienced_different_cultures.
12.虽然每次马拉松后我都觉得很累，但我从未想过要放弃。(although引导让步状语从句)
Although_I_felt_tired_after_every_marathon,_I_never__thought_about_giving_up.
13.真正的原因并不是因为我健康强壮，而是因为我得到了所有家庭成员的支持。(lie in)
The_true_reason_didn't_lie_in_that_I_was_healthy_and__strong;_it_lay_in_that_I_gained_the_support_from_all_my_family_members.
14.在他们的期望下，我成功地完成了50个州的50场马拉松比赛。(with介词短语)
With_their_expectations，I_finished_the_fifty_marathons_in_fifty_states_successfully.
步骤四：创造性表达——润色注重细节，句式再造升级
1.将1句和2句变为一个简单句
We_drove_from_Missouri_to_Colorado_first,_for_the_Boulder_Backroads_marathon.
2.将4句用独立主格结构改为一个简单句
We_flying_to_Alaska,_the_changes_became_more__serious.
3.将5句用be caught in改写，且与6句变为一个复合句
We_were_caught_in_a_snowstorm,_which_was__challenging_for_our_expedition.
4.将7句改写为简单句
Thanks_to_the_help_from_the_outdoor_clothing_company_The_North_Face,_we_had_plenty_of_warm_clothing.
5.将8句和9句变为一个复合句
We_needed_it_not_for_long,_because_the_next_day_we_found_ourselves_in_the_hot_area_of_Hawaii.
6.将11句改为10句的非限制性定语从句
Apart_from_the_daily_marathon_routine,_I_also_enjoyed_meeting_the_great_people,_through_whom_I_could_experience_different_cultures.
7.将13句用not... but结构改写
The_real_reason_is_not_because_I_am_healthy_and_strong,_but_because_I_have_the_support_of_all_family_members.
步骤五：高分在即——连句成篇，衡水体誊写并标注下划线
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
After we made careful preparations, my expedition play began finally. We drove from Missouri to Colorado first, for the Boulder Backroads marathon. Along the highway the wetness dropped lower and lower. We flying to Alaska, the changes became more serious. We were caught in a snowstorm, which was challenging for our expedition. Thanks to the help from the outdoor clothing company The North Face, we had plenty of warm clothing. But we needed it not for long, because the next day we found ourselves in the hot area of Hawaii.
Paragraph 2：
My good physical quality was shown in the expedition. Apart from the daily marathon routine, I also enjoyed meeting the great people, through whom I could experience different cultures. Although I felt tired after every marathon, I never thought about giving up. However, the real reason is not because I am healthy and strong, but because I have the support of all family members. With their expectations, I finished the fifty marathons in fifty states successfully.
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