2020年初三英语中考冲刺训练 人与自然阅读与练习（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


2020届初三英语中考冲刺训练 人与自然阅读与练习
阅读（一） （2019年山东省滨州市中考试题阅读D）
Dereck and Beverly are wildlife animal filmmakers (电影制片人). They have made lots of films about animals and plants. Their job is to keep and protect the big cats of Africa from damage (伤害). Beverly also takes photos of the lions, and her pictures have appeared in National Geographic magazine.
When they were kids, Dereck was quiet and healthy, he was good at math and science. Beverly had a twin brother. At that time. her brother and she often got their mother into trouble! Beverly was a dancer, an athlete, played the piano (not very well), and was a class lender. Her favorite subject was science and she always got excellent grades in her science exams.
When in the field, their work starts at around 4 am. After drinking a cup of tea, they drive out into the bush (灌木丛) to find their subjects. Sometimes that is a lion pride (群). Lions are family animals, they usually live in groups of 15 or more. Sometimes that is a single leopard (花豹). They follow the animals for the day, filming, researching, and collecting facts, information or pictures. They don't stop working even when they have lunch. They are often back in camp by 8 pm.
When talking about the favorite places to explore, Dereck says, "We live in it!" Beverly thinks being in nature is her favorite. Dereck thinks running or taking a swim in the Okavango swamp (沼泽)—especially swimming close to crocodiles (鳄鱼) is great fun, but Beverly says, “Swimming is fun but crazy in these waters!”
61. From the second paragraph, we can know that when they were kids,__________.
A. Dereck was outgoing
B. Beverly was quiet and healthy
C. Beverly could play the piano very well
D. Dereck and Beverly were both good at science
62. When?Dereck?and?Beverly?are?in?the?field,?the?right?time?order?(时间顺序)?is?that?they_________.
①drink?a?cup?of?tea? ②follow?the?animals? ③drive?out? ④find?their?subjects
A.①②③④?? B.①④③② C.①③④② ??D.④①③②
63.?How?many?hours?do?they?usually?work?every?day?
????? ?A.?Eight?? B.?Ten.?? C.?Twelve.?? D.?Sixteen
64.?What?does?the?passage?mainly?talk?about?
?????? A.?Animals?and?plants. B.?The?story?of?Dereck?and?Beverly.
C.?National?Geographic?magazine.?? D.?Dereck?and?Beverly's?childhood.
65.?From?the?passage, we?can?infer (推断)?that________.
?????? A.?Dereck?and?Beverly?don't?love?nature?at?all
B. Dereck and Beverly are famous film stars
C. it's safe to take a swim in the Okavango swamp
D. their work is dangerous sometimes, but they like it

阅读（二）（2019年山东省德州市中考试题阅读A）
In many places the weather changes during the year. These changes are called seasons. In the north and south there are four seasons in a year. At the North and South Pole, there are only two seasons. In tropical (热带) places near the Earth’s equator(赤道), there are two seasons: a ‘wet’ season and a ‘dry’ season. Each season brings changes. They are important for plants and animals that live in different parts of the world.
Spring starts when the day and night are the same length. The weather gets warmer and sunnier. Trees and plants start to grow. Many animals have their babies in spring.
Summer begins on the longest day of the year. In the north this is on June 21 or 22. Summer is usually the warmest and sunniest time of the year. Fruit grows faster on trees and plants. Young animals grow bigger and stronger.
Autumn starts when the day and night are the same length again. During autumn, the leaves change color and fall down from the trees. Some animals collet food before winter comes.
Winter begins on the shortest day of the year. In the north this is on December 21 or 22. The weather is colder and in some places there is lots of snow. Plants and trees stop growing. Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep. This is called hibernation.

26.?There?are _______?seasons?on?Greenland (格陵兰岛)?at?the?North?Pole.
??????A.?four?? B.?three?? C.?two?? D.?one
27.?Many?animals?______?in?spring.
??????A.?have?babies?? B.?change?color
C.?collect?food?? D.?stop?growing
28.?Fruit?grows?faster?on?trees?and?plants?in _______.
??????A.?spring?? B.?summer?? C.?autumn?? D.?winter
29.?The?meaning?of?the?underlined?word?”hibernation”?is?_______?in?Chinese.
??????A.?迁徙?? B.寒冷 C.储藏?? D.?冬眠
30.?______?start?when?the?day?and?night?are?the?same?length.
?????A.?Spring?and?summer?? B.?Summer?and?autumn
C.?Autumn?and?winter?? D.?Spring?and?autumn

阅读（三）（2019年山东省威海市中考试题阅读B）
We know people can be nice, but what about animals?
Scientists say that some animals are capable (有能力的) of being nice. Animals that live in groups like foxes, chimpanzees (大猩猩), and elephants ——follow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive (生存). However, animals can act nicely, even when they don't have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior.
Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female (母的) red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male (公的) fox played roughly (粗鲁地) with her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him another chance, and this time, he played more gently.
Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn't have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him!
An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk (象鼻子). He needed help because he couldn't put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a healthy elephant. The healthy elephant didn't need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friend's mouth.
Hippos (河马) and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack (攻击) the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles.
6. The main idea of the passage is _______.
A. animals that live in groups follow rules
B. some animals can be nice to other animals
C. most animals are nice to people
7. The underlined phrase "do just that" means ________.
A. be nice B. play roughly C. walk away
8. We can say that Teleki ________.
A. is short B. hates hiking C. could not climb the tree
9. The elephant needed help because _______.
A. the tree was too tall B. it could not use its trunk C. it had no food
10. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. the crocodile B. the chimpanzee C. the monkey

阅读（四）（2019年四川省南充市中考试题阅读D）
You may often hear some myths (传言) about animals. For example, one dog year equals about seven human years, chameleons (变色龙) change color to match their environment. . . Today, let’s talk about birds. It is said that if you touch a baby bird, the parents will completely abandon (抛弃) it. Do you really believe it?
In fact, most birds have a very poor sense of smell, so in most cases are unable to even notice the smell of humans on baby birds. Not only that, but most types of birds aren’t so quick to abandon their young when they sense danger. Some types will even do their best to protect their young when they are in danger.
Indeed, in very few known cases, parent birds sometimes abandoned their nests from something touching their young, just because they noticed it by sight, not smell. When this happens, the parent birds usually won’t care, other than to be a little more careful than normal. Sometimes, they may tem?porarily (暂时地) abandon the nest in order to better watch whatever disturbed their nest comes back.
What’s more, in most cases, even if the nest is destroyed by wind or something to that effect, you could create a new one and put all the baby birds back in it, and when the parents came back, they wouldn’t care their baby birds were in a different nest, so long as you put the new nest near where the old one was so they can find it.
51. Which of the following is true?
A. Birds have a very good sense of smell.
B. A baby bird will die soon if it is touched by someone.
C. Whatever disturbed the nest will never come back.
D. Some birds will protect their babies when they are in danger.
52. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their nest. B. Their baby.
C. Some birds abandoning their nests. D. Something touching their young.
53. The parent birds __________ if we make a new nest for baby birds to take the place of the old one.
A. will never come back B. will worry about their babies
C. won’t mind D. will take their babies away
54. Which of the following shows the structure (结构）of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1(第一段），②=Paragraph 2…)





A B C D
55. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Bird Truth B. Baby Birds C. Bird Nests D. Bird Smell

阅读（五）（2019年重庆B卷中考试题阅读D）
Isn’t spring a beautiful season? Flowers of all colors and shapes can be seen everywhere. They make our world look and smell better. So, it is no surprise that people love flowers! Well… except for one—dandelions(蒲公英)!
In order to have a tidy garden, we try our best to kill all dandelions or dig them out—only to see these unwanted plants grow right back. But that’s not bad because we have good reasons to leave them alone.
In fact, a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods. Dandelions are full of vitamins(维生素) K, A, E and C. They have long been used as medicine.
Another great thing about dandelions is that you can eat every part of them, either cooked or uncooked. You can also put the flowers or roots(根) in hot water to make dandelion tea. Great! Nothing goes to waste!
Besides, dandelions are fun for kids! Pick the white top, close your eyes, make a wish and blow! If you blow all of it off in one breath, your wish will come true! This game is played all over the world.
Still unwanted plants? Of course not! Dandelions are good for human health as well as our kitchen. They also provide kids with free toys! So next time when you are blowing them, blow harder—you’re helping this great plant grow in the wild, even if your own wish does not come true!
52. The first paragraph is mainly to draw readers’ attention to _____.
A. flowers B. colors C. shapes D. dandelions
53. According to the passage, dandelions _____.
A. have no flowers B. cannot be eaten
C. are easy to kill D. are healthy plants
54. By blowing dandelions, kids can most probably_____.
A. kill them B. have fun C. make tea D. have everything
55. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?
(①=Para. (自然段)1 ②=Para. 2 ③=Para. 3 ④=Para. 4 ⑤=Para. 5 ⑥=Para. 6 )
A. ①②；③④⑤；⑥ B. ①②；③④；⑤⑥
C. ①②③；④⑤；⑥ D. ①；②③；④⑤⑥

阅读（六）（2019年四川省宜宾市中考试题阅读D）
Britain was once covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live here. There were wolves, bears and wild cattle with less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.
However, all this changed. Now Britain’s population has increased to 65 million. Three-quarters of Britain consists of fields, towns or cities. Although 25% of land is countryside, new methods of fanning mean that there are fewer birds and small animals than ever before.Britain is one of the few countries in the world without a large wild carnivore (食肉动物).
Some people want to change this. Some say that Britain needs to become more natural again and suggest trees and plants that once grew in Britain should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in Britain should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.
Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees have been planted and there are plans for more —but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills many people enjoy. So far, there are no wolves or bears in Britain’s forests —but soon there might be!
53. Why does Britain have fewer wild animals?
A. Their living conditions are destroyed by humans.
B. They are being killed by their natural enemies.
C. The number of large animals is increasing.
D. People there don’t like wild animals.
54. What does the underlined word “rewilding” probably mean?
A. Protecting wild animals. B. Returning wild animals to Britain.
C. Planting more green plants. D. Helping wild animals live better.
55. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Some people are against rewilding. B. People plan to plant more trees.
C. Wild animals will be back to Britain. D. Wild animals do harm to humans.
56. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Causing UK Greener B. Wolves Returning to UK
C. Saving Wildlife in Britain D. Making Britain Wild again

阅读（七）（2019年四川省遂宁市中考试题阅读D）
What is the sky? How high is it? What color is it? What birds can live above it? These questions are difficult to answer, aren't they? In fact, the sky has no color. Then why does the sky look blue?
We know that there is air around the world. When planes fly, they need air to lift their wings. Planes can't fly very high. That is because the air gets thinner when they go higher. The same will happen to us if we go high enough. If we go up about 1, 200 kilometers from the earth, we'll find no air there. Some birds can fly into the sky as high as a plane, but they cannot fly or live without air.
Looking up above us, you will see the blue sky with white clouds. It is usually light blue. The color would be bluer when you see on the top of a high mountain. And you will see fewer clouds in the sky between you and the sun. Sometimes the sky doesn't look blue. When the sun rises and falls, you will see red, orange and other colors in the sky, Such are the most beautiful moments of the day.
Who can see the colors of the sky high above the earth? The astronauts! They can see those beautiful colors of the sky from the outer space. However, before flying into the outer space, they sit in a spaceship high above the earth and there is no air at all. The sky would be that dark and its color would be black.
Now you may understand that we see colors because the air scatters (使散射) the sunlight. Light travels through the air. Without air there would be no colors.
66. Planes can't fly as high as possible because __________.
A. the sky is blue B. the wings are heavier
C. the air becomes thinner D. the sky has no air
67. When you stand on the top of a high mountain, you will see __________.
A. more air B. fewer clouds C. more color D. redder skies
68. In Suining, we might see many colors in the sky at about ________ during the day in summer.
A.7: 00pm B.11:00pm C.1:00am D.3:00am
69. The sky changes colors because __________.
A. the sunlight has colors B. the air scatters the sunlight
C. it's colorful itself D. the world is colorful
70. Which is the best title (标题)?
A. Why does the sky look blue?
B. Why can't planes fly very high?
C. why does the sky change colors?
D. why can the astronauts see the colors of the sky

阅读（八）（2019年河南省中考试题阅读C）
Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.
All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves. Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.
Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more — but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain’s forests — but soon there might be!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
56.What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?
A. About 25 million. B. Over 65 million.
C. More than 61 million. D. Not more than four million.
57.Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?
A. Because more trees have been planted.
B. Because there are more large wild animals.
C. Because pollution is much worse than before.
D. Because people use new methods of farming.
58. Which paragraph gives opinions from “rewilding” supporters?
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
59.What are some people against?
A. Living closer to nature.
B. Planting more and more trees.
C. Helping large wild animals return.
D. Building more villages and towns.
60.What’s the best title for the text?
A. Making Britain wild again
B. A trip to wild Britain
C. An introduction to Britain
D. Protecting the environment

阅读（九）（2019年江苏省扬州市中考试题阅读D）
Trees in cities "live fast but die young" compared to forests in the countryside, warns a new study.
Researchers found that trees in cities die younger than ones in the countryside because of the higher levels of CO2. City-living trees suffer (遭受) a loss of carbon storage (碳储量). That means trees produce less energy from the air.
Now researchers say more must be done to deal with the situation. Ian Smith, a PhD student of Boston University in the United States, said, “Cities are in the important position in fighting against rising temperatures and increasing CO2.”. “We find that tree planting alone may not be enough to keep and increase city canopy cover (树冠覆盖率). Because of the age and size of the present canopy, efforts to improve and protect tree health are badly needed for increasing city tree cover and canopy cover.”
The research team used a model to watch changes among street trees for several planting and management methods. Researchers also used the model to watch tree growth, death and planting rates(率)both among trees in Boston city and forests in the countryside in Massachusetts.
It was discovered that rates of carbon cycling and growth rates among city trees were nearly four times faster than those in the countryside. However, loss of carbon storage and death rates are also higher, especially death rates are more than double higher than those in countryside forests.
The study, published in PLOS ONE, has reminded scientists to encourage communities to do more to plant and protect trees. It is important to increase city canopy cover and carbon storage.
Researchers say planting and protecting will be needed to make sure cities can develop healthily, but more needs to be done to have a better understanding of city trees — which may be different from countryside forests.
42. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. The more carbon storage loses, the more energy the trees produce from the air.
B. The higher the levels of CO2 are, the harder it will be for the plants to survive.
C. If we plant enough trees, we are sure to increase city canopy cover.
D. Cities do better in fighting against rising temperatures and increasing CO2.
43. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us ____________.
A. the results of the study B. the discoveries from the researchers
C. the methods of the study D. the suggestions from the researchers
44. What does “those” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Death rates. B. Rates of carbon cycling.
C. Growth rates. D. Loss of carbon storage.
45. The writer’s main purpose of writing the passage is ____________.
A. to teach us how to improve and protect tree health
B. to warn us that trees in cities live fast but die young
C. to let us have a better understanding of city trees
D. to tell us to take action to increase city canopy cover

阅读（十）（2019年四川省广元市中考试题阅读E）
Scientists looked for paw prints(爪印)in the forests. In this way, they knew the number of pandas! “It’s hard to see pandas in the wild,” said Colby, a scientist. “They hide in the thick bamboo forests.” That’s why scientists used paw prints to get be number. The number of the pandas was a surprise to scientists. They learned that more pandas lived in the wild!
“We found pandas living in areas we didn’t know, ” said Colby. Although the news is good, pandas are in danger.
Here are some fun facts of pandas.
*It takes a panda more than 10 hours to eat 9kg to 14kg of bamboo every day.
*A newborn panda weighs 90-130 grams. That is about the weight of a mouse. A panda's front paws have wrist bones(腕骨). The panda uses them to catch bamboo.
The main threat to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller. Pandas lose their land when people cut down parts of the forest for wood and farming. Now, China has 13 nature reserves(保护区). People mustn’t cut down trees there. Scientists want to create more nature centers to give pandas a better chance to live.
61. Why did scientists look for paw prints in the forests?
A. Because they could catch pandas in this way.
B. Because they could know where pandas were in this way.
C. Because they could know the number of pandas in this way.
62. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. A panda uses its front paws to catch bamboo.
B. A newborn panda is nearly as heavy as a mouse.
C. A panda usually sleeps more than 10 hours every day.
63. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Fewer and fewer trees in China.
B. The big problem the pandas are facing.
C. The number of the pandas in the wild.
64. What can we know from the passage?
A. There are fewer and fewer nature reserves in China.
B. People should help pandas live a happy life in the wild.
C. All the pandas should live in the panda nature reserves.
65. Where can you probably read this passage?
A. In a science magazine. B. In a travel guide. C. In a storybook.





















参考答案
阅读（一）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了野生动物电影制片人Dereck和Beverly的故事。主要介绍了他们的童年经历，以及现在的工作和爱好等。
【答案】61—65 DCDBD
【解析】
61. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话When they were kids, Dereck was quiet and healthy, he was good at math and science.以及Her favorite subject was science and she always got excellent grades in her science exams.可知，Dereck和Beverly都擅长自然科学，故选D。
62. C 细节排序题。根据第三段内容After drinking a cup of tea, they drive out into the bush (灌木丛) to find their subjects...They follow the animals for the day...可知，Dereck和Beverly在野外时，这几个活动的顺序是：喝了一杯茶→开车到灌木丛中→寻找他们的研究对象→跟随动物，故选C。
63. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话When in the field, their work starts at around 4 am...They are often back in camp by 8 pm.可知，他们凌晨4点开始工作，一直到晚上8点，一共16个小时，故选D。
64. B 主旨大意题 通读全文可知本文主要讲述了野生动物电影制片人Dereck和Beverly的故事，故选B。
65. D 推理判断题 根据第三段的介绍可知，他们整天跟着狮子，花豹等动物，拍摄、研究和收集事实、信息或图片等，这是危险的工作；从第四段可知，他们喜爱自然，喜欢冒险，由此可推测他们喜爱自己的工作。由以上分析可知，D项“他们的工作有时很危险，但他们很喜欢”表述是正确的。

阅读（二）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球各地的季节变化，并详细描述了春、夏、秋和冬天的季节特点。
【答案】26-30. CABDD
【解析】
26. C推理判断题。结合第一段中“At the North and South Pole, there are only two seasons.”可知北极地区的格陵兰岛有两个季节。故选C。
27. A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Many animals have their babies in spring.
”可知很多动物在春天繁殖幼仔。
28. B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fruit grows faster on trees and plants.”可知果树在夏天生长得很快。
29. D词义猜测题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep.”可知这种现象是“冬眠”，故推知词义。
30. D推理判断题。根据第二段和第四段中的第一句可知春天和秋天昼夜时长一样，故选D。

阅读（三）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，通过几个事例介绍，意在说明，动物和人一样，也是有情感、有灵性、有爱心的。
【答案】6-10 BCCBA
【解析】
6. B 推理判断题。根据文章开头的“We know people can be nice, but what about animals?”一句以及下文的理解，可知本文主要介绍一些动物对其它的动物也是有情感的。故选B。
7. C推理判断题。根据文章“Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female (母的) red fox do just that.”可知，当有人对己不友善的时候，大部人选择走开，科罗拉多大学研究员Marc Bekoff就看到雌狐狸做过此事。故选C。
8. C细节理解题。文章中“One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn't have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall.”推知Teleki不会爬树，不能从树上得到果实。故选C。
9. B细节理解题。文中“An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk (象鼻子). He needed help because he couldn't put food into his mouth.”推知这头象的鼻子受伤，无法将食物放进嘴里。故选B。
10. A细节理解题。文中“A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away.”推知该处的it指的是鳄鱼。故选A。

阅读（四）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述大多数种类的鸟在感觉到危险的时候不会那么快就抛弃它们的幼鸟，当他们处于危险时，有些甚至会尽最大努力保护他们的孩子。。
【答案】51 -55 DDCBA
【解析】
51. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Not only that, but most types of birds aren’t so quick to abandon their young when they sense danger. Some types will even do their best to protect their young when they are in danger. ”可知，有些鸟在危险时会保护它们的孩子。故选D。
51. D 词义猜测题。根据第三段“母鸟有时会因为某些东西触碰幼鸟而放弃巢穴，仅仅因为它们是通过视觉而不是嗅觉注意到某些东西触碰幼鸟”可知，it指的是“某些东西触碰幼鸟”。
53. C 细节理解题。根据“they wouldn’t care their baby birds were in a different nest”可知他们不在意他们的幼鸟在不同的窝。故选C。
54. B文章结构题。通读全文知，第一段对传说中幼鸟受到触碰后，其父母会完全抛弃它的这一现象提出疑问; 第二至四段分别从三个方面阐述了幼鸟受到触碰后的真相。故选B。
55. A 主旨大意题。通读全文知，文章阐述幼鸟受到触碰后的真相。故选A。

阅读（五）
【答案】52—55 DDBA
【解析】
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中重点介绍了蒲公英给人们带来的一些好处，号召我们正确认识蒲公英。
52. D 推理判断题。题干意为：第一段主要是引起读者对_______的注意。A项：花朵；B项：颜色；C项：外形；D项：蒲公英。根据第一段最后一句“So, it is no surprise that people love flowers! Well … except for one—dandelions(蒲公英)!”可知，本段主要就是为了引起读者对蒲公英的注意。故选D。
53. D 细节理解题。题干意为：根据本文，蒲公英_______。A项：没有花；B项：不能吃；C项：容易被杀死；D项：是健康的植物。根据第三段首句“In fact, a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods.”可知，蒲公英是最健康的41种食物之一。故选D。
54. B 细节理解题。题干意为：通过吹蒲公英，孩子们最可能_______。A项：杀死它们；B项：得到乐趣；C项：沏茶；D项：拥有一切。根据短文第五段描述可知，通过吹蒲公英孩子们可以得到很多乐趣。故选B。
55. A 篇章结构题。题干意为：如果我们把本文分成三部分，下面哪项是最好的？阅读短文可知，本文中作者在前两段介绍了人们对蒲公英的一些误解。三四五段介绍了蒲公英的一些好处。最后一段总结全文，呼应开头。故选A。

阅读（六）
【答案】53. A 54. B 55. A 56. D
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过去英国人与野生动物的共处情况。现在人们致力于植树造林，恢复自然。但却有些人对此持不同的看法。
53. A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now Britain’s population has increased to 65 million. Three-quarters of Britain consists of fields, towns or cities.”可推断出：人类破坏了动物的生活环境。
54. B 词义猜测题。根据第三段“large wild animals which have not lived in Britain should be helped to return and live wild.”可知rewilding表示“让野生动物回到英国”的意思。
55. A 段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍了部分英国人对让野生动物回到英国持反对的态度。　
56. D 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了英国人致力于让英国恢复自然的情况。　

阅读（七）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天空本没有颜色，可为什么看起来却是蓝色的？
【答案】66-70 CBABA
【解析】
66. C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Planes can't fly very high. That is because the air gets thinner when they go higher.”可知飞机不能想飞多高就飞多高的原因是高空中空气太稀薄，托不起飞机来。故选C。
67. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“And you will see fewer clouds in the sky between you and the sun.”可知站在高山顶上，看到的云很少。故选B。
68. A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“When the sun rises and falls, you will see red, orange and other colors in the sky, Such are the most beautiful moments of the day.”当日出和日落时候，能在天空中看到很多颜色。再看题干问的是夏天的遂宁，一天中的哪个时间能在天空中看到很多颜色。四个选项中只有A符合日落的时间。故选A。
69. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now you may understand that we see colors because the air scatters the sunlight ”可知，天空改变颜色的原因是由于空气散射了太阳光。故选B。
70. A 主旨归纳题。根据第一段“In fact, the sky has no color. Then why does the sky look blue?”可知本文讨论的就是天空为什么看起来是蓝色的。故选A。

阅读（八）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。英国现在野生动物与之前相比少了很多，一些人认为英国需要变得更贴近自然一些，他们想让大型野生动物重回英国并在野外生活，有些人却不同意，他们认为这样会影响到人类。
【答案】56-60 DDCCA
【解析】
56. D 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“There were less than four million people.”可知，几千年前，英国的人口不到4百万，故选D。
57. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before.”人们使用的新的耕作方法使在英国的田地里的鸟类和小动物变得很少，故选D。
58. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some people would like to change things ... They call this ‘rewilding’.”可以推知，本段主要阐述了“再野生化”支持者的观点，故选C。
59. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more — but wild animals?”和下文描述“野生动物会袭击山羊和人类并影响人们在山中散步”可以推断出，一些人反对让大型野生动物回归英国，故选C。
60. A 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是关键词“rewilding”可知，本文主要是介绍英国的“再野生化”缘由和不同人的看法，故A项适合做本文的标题。

阅读（九）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了城市树木的寿命比农村的更短并给出一些原因，同时呼吁人们要更好地了解城市树木。
【答案】42—45BCAC
【解析】
42. B 推理判断题。从第二段“Researchers found that trees in cities die younger than ones in the countryside because of the higher levels of CO2.”可知选B。
43.C 大意归纳题。主要是叙述研究的方法，没有提到研究结果和发现，也没有提出建议，故选C
44. A 推理判断题。根据前文“especially death rates are more than double higher than those in countryside forests.”比较级是同类比较，主语是death rates，所以those代指death rates。
45. C 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段，“but more needs to be done to have a better understanding of city trees”可知，作者的写这篇文章的目的是让我们对城市树木有更好的理解，故选C。

阅读（十）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了科学家们利用熊猫爪印来发现熊猫的一些有趣的事实。提出了熊猫面临的问题，呼吁人们保护熊猫。
【答案】61-65 CCBBA
【解析】
61. C 细节理解题。由第一段In this way指的是上文，寻找爪印，可知熊猫数量。故选C。
62. C 细节理解题。要从文中找出没有提到的事实。我们可以逆向思维，把文中提到的找出来。从第五段The panda uses them to catch bamboo.可知，A对That is about the weight of a mouse.，可知B对。故选C。
63. B 主旨大意题。由最后一段第一句“The main threat to pandas is that their land is becoming smaller and smaller. ”可知，熊猫面临最大的威胁是他们领地的逐渐减少，所以本段主要谈论的是熊猫面临的最大问题。故选B。
64. B 推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句“Scientists want to create more nature centers to give pandas a better chance to live.”并结合全文可推断，作者主张大熊猫应该生活在自然保护区里。故选B。
65. A 推理判断/文章出处题。 这是一篇关于保护熊猫的科普文章，因此最可能是出自科学杂志，而不是出自B项的旅行指南或C项的故事书中。故选A。























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