译林高中英语模块三Unit2 Language Grammar and usage课件（31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
M3U2
Language
Grammar
and
usage
Learning
goals
By
the
end
of
this
lesson,
you
are
supposed
to
share
research
results
for
the
official
languages
of
the
UN;
have
a
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences;
learn
noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words;
use
Preparatory
subject
“it”
in
different
situations.
I.
Research
results
for
the
official
languages
of
the
UN
B
What
do
you
think
the
official
languages
of
the
United
Nations
are
Do
some
research
and
write
down
the
names.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
English;
Chinese
;
French;
Russian;
Spanish;
Arabic.
英语句子
简单句
复合句
并列句
形式：主语+谓语
You
are
students.
The
students
are
taking
some
classes.
形式：简单句+并列连词+简单句
形式：主句+从句
I
am
really
fond
of
reading
books,
and
that
is
why
my
favorite
subject
is
literature.
What
he
said
is
not
true.
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
简单句
定义：简单句就是单句，是英语的句子单元。
基本结构：通常由一个主语和一个谓语构成。
e.g.
You
are
students.
The
students
are
taking
some
classes.
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
简单句的五种基本句型
主语（Subject
）+
谓语
（Verb）
She
laughed.
2.
主语（Subject
）+
谓语（Verb）+
宾语
（Object)
I
like
the
book.
3.
主语（Subject
)
+
连系动词（Linking
Verb)
+
表语（Predicative)
She
is
my
English
teacher.
It
tastes
nice.
4.
主语
(
Subject)
+谓语（Verb）+
间接宾语
（Indirect
Object)+
直接宾语（Direct
Object)
Tom
told
me
the
news
5.
主语（Subject
)
+
谓语（Verb)
+
宾语（Object
)
+
宾语补足语（
Object
complement)
We
kept
the
room
neat
and
tidy.
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
并列句
定义：由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连接在一起构成的句子。
基本结构：简单句+并列连词+简单句。
并列连词通常为：and,
but,
or,
so，not
only…but
also,
neither…nor;
as
well
as
等。
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
并列句：简单句+并列连词+简单句
I
am
really
fond
of
reading
books,
and
that
is
why
my
favorite
subject
is
literature.
He
wanted
to
take
the
English
class,
but
he
couldn’t
afford
the
time.
Don’t
take
pictures
of
the
exhibits
in
the
museum,
or
you
will
get
fined.
We
also
had
different
students
in
some
classes,
so
it
was
a
struggle
for
me
to
remember
all
the
faces
and
names.
__________________________________________
________________________________________
____________
and
but
or
so
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
复合句：主句+从句
定义：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则相当于一个句子成分，不能单独存在。
主句和从句都由主语和谓语构成，但从句不能独立成句，一般由连词来引导，它在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语和状语。
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
名词性从句
——————————————
——
定语从句
——
状语从句
What
he
said
is
not
true.
What
he
wanted
to
tell
me
was
that
he
could
not
come
to
our
party.
He
told
me
that
he
could
not
come
to
our
party.
He
made
the
promise
that
he
would
come
to
our
party.
The
girl
who
is
standing
there
is
my
younger
sister.
He
couldn’t
come
to
our
party
yesterday
evening,
because
he
had
to
take
an
evening
class.
________________
__________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________
_________________________
_____________________________
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
复合句
主语从句
主语从句、表语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
（原因）状语从句
以上从句均为名词性从句
Find
out
clauses
in
the
compound
sentences.
定义：指并列句、复合句混在一起的句子。
I
admire
Tim,
but
he
doesn’t
admire
me,
although
I
try
hard
to
impress
him.
My
parents
are
coming
tomorrow,
but
I
hope
they
won’t
stay
very
long,
because
I
have
a
date
tomorrow
evening.
并列-复合句
______________________________
____________________
___________________________________________________________
状语从句
状语从句
II.
A
brief
revision
of
compound
sentences
名词性从句
定义：在主从复合句中，由一个从句来充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语，这样的句子因为具有名词的性质，统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句种类
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
引导词/连词
名词性从句的引导词主要根据句子的意思来决定。所有名词性从句表示陈述语气，用that;
若表示疑问语气，用wh-word
(who,
what,
how,
when,
where,
which,
whether,
whatever,
whoever,
however,
wherever
,
whichever
,
etc.)。
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
E.g.
That
he
won
the
first
place
in
the
competition
made
the
whole
class
really
excited.
What
he
impressed
me
was
that
he
could
speak
fluent
English
like
an
American.
Please
make
sure
that
there
are
no
spelling
and
grammar
mistakes
in
your
English
test.
My
parents
made
the
promise
that
they
would
travel
with
me
to
Europe.

Suzhou
lies
in
what
used
to
be
Wu
Kingdom.
My
puzzle
is
how
I
can
finish
so
much
homework
in
such
a
short
time.
Whichever
team
wins
the
semi-final
will
go
to
the
national
final.

____________________________________________________________
___________________________
___________________________________________________
____
_____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
主语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
主语从句
___________________________________________________________________________
表语从句
Where
does
a
person
come
from
This
will
affect
his
or
her
style
of
speech.
Where
a
person
comes
from
will
affect
his
or
her
style
of
speech.
Why
does
English
have
such
strange
rules
You
can
begin
to
see
it.
You
can
begin
to
see
why
English
has
such
strange
rules.
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
Use
a
question
word
to
introduce
a
noun
clause.
———
主语(subject)
————————————————
—
————————————————————
宾语(object)
主语从句(subject
clause)
宾语从句(object
clause)
Why
does
English
have
so
many
difficult
rules
that
confuse
people
That
is
the
reason.
That
is
why
English
has
so
many
difficult
rules
that
confuse
people.
解题过程：
第一步：找出疑问句在另一句中的指代部分。
第二步：把疑问句改变成陈述句。
第三步：把得到的陈述句代入另一句中的的指代部分。
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
Use
a
question
word
to
introduce
a
noun
clause.
________________
表语(predicative)
——————————————————————————————
表语从句(predicative
clause)
———
Do
British
English
and
American
English
differ
from
each
other
in
pronunciation
I
have
a
doubt.
I
have
a
doubt
whether
British
English
and
American
English
differ
from
each
other
in
pronunciation.
whether
从句与
doubt
是同位语，whether
引导同位语从句
Use
a
question
word
to
introduce
a
noun
clause.
_________
——————————————————————————
同位语从句(appositive
clause)
———
What’s
my
doubt
我的怀疑？
————————————————————————
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
O
S
P
O
P
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
What
which
why
how
who
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
B
Read
the
following
article
and
fill
in
the
blank
with
suitable
question
words.
How
III.
Noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words
B
Read
the
following
article
and
fill
in
the
blank
with
suitable
question
words.
Which
主语从句、动词不定式结构、动名词结构做主语时可以用形式主语替代主语从句、动词不定式短结构、动名词结构做形式主语，形式主语用it
来表示。
用形式主语it后，原来的主语从句、动词不定式结构、动名词结构需要放到句子的末尾。
用it作形式主语后原句意思不变，使整个句子更容易理解，也更符合语言习惯。
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
That
we
would
not
be
able
to
understand
Old
English
today
is
certain.
It
is
certain
that
we
would
not
be
able
to
understand
Old
English
today.
How
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
not
clear.
It
is
not
clear
how
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future.
When
we
can
set
off
depends
on
the
weather.
It
depends
on
the
weather
when
we
can
set
off.
Put
the
subject
clause
into
a
new
one
using
Preparatory
subject
it.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
To
learn
a
foreign
language
is
a
challenging
task.
It
is
a
challenging
task
to
learn
a
foreign
language.
To
gain
access
to
the
Internet
is
important
for
us.
It
is
important
for
us
to
gain
access
to
the
Internet.
Put
the
sentence
with
a
to
infinitive
as
a
subject
into
a
new
one
using
Preparatory
subject
it.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
He
seems
to
be
enthusiastic
about
drawing.
It
seems
that
he
is
enthusiastic
about
drawing.
He
seemed
to
be
enthusiastic
about
drawing.
It
seemed
that
he
was
enthusiastic
about
drawing.
He
seemed
to
have
failed
in
the
exam.
It
seemed
that
he
had
failed
in
the
exam.
注意：请关注时态的变化。
Put
the
sentence
with
seem,
appear,
happen,
turn
out
and
prove
to
do
...
into
a
new
one
using
Preparatory
subject
it.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
It
happens
that
my
new
neighbor
comes
from
my
home
town.
My
new
neighbor
happens
to
come
from
my
home
town.
It
happened
that
I
had
heard
about
the
story
before.
I
happened
to
have
heard
about
he
story
before.
It
turned
out
that
the
man
and
his
partners
had
robbed
the
bank.
The
man
and
his
partners
turned
out
to
have
robbed
the
bank.
It
proved
that
he
didn’t
tell
a
lie.
He
proved
not
to
have
told
a
lie.
Put
the
sentence
with
it
seems/seemed;
appears/appeared;
happens/happened
,
turns/turned
out
and
proves/
proved
that
…
into
a
new
one.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
健健康康
It
requires
a
good
understanding
of
their
behaviour
to
know
what
they
mean.
It
always
puzzles
me
why
my
dog
Barks
in
certain
ways.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
It
won’t
be
difficult
to
buy
a
machine
like
this.
verbing
-form不放句首时换成it做形式主语
改写句子时，常把它换成
to
infinitive.
It
is
a
good
idea
to
make
an
official
statement
about
the
incident.
Making
an
official
statement
about
the
incident
is
a
good
idea.
IV.
Preparatory
subject
it
in
different
situations
Finish
the
following
after
class.
Have
you
been
able
to
know
about
the
official
languages
of
the
UN;
know
about
the
compound
sentence
patterns;
understand
noun
clauses
introduced
by
question
words;
use
Preparatory
subject
“it”
in
different
situations.

Homework
Finish
Part
B
on
page
31
Have
a
revision
of
what
we
have
learned
today.
3.
Finish
today’s
homework
assigned
on
Suzhou
Online
Education
Center.
Thank
you
for
your
attention!
See
you
next
time!