趣味导引
Jambalaya 《什锦菜》是汉克·威廉姆斯最有名的代表作品。歌词幽默诙谐，旋律轻快流畅，使人百听不厌，是世界上家喻户晓的经典歌曲。至今全世界的歌手都在不停地重新演绎这首传世之作。目前最流行的是Karen Carpenter翻唱的版本，她将这首歌演唱得节奏欢快，朗朗上口，颇有浪漫甜蜜的气息，深受歌迷的喜爱。
Jambalaya①
by Carpenter
Good-bye, Joe, he gotta go, me oh my oh
He gotta go pole the pirogue② down the bayou③
His Yvonne, the sweetest one, me oh my oh
Son of a gun④， we’ll have big fun on the bayou
Thibodaux, Fontaineaux，the place is buzzing⑤
Kin folk come to see Yvonne by the dozen
Dressed in style they go hog wild, me oh my oh
Son of a gun, we’ll have big fun on the bayou
Jambalaya and a crawfish⑥ pie and fillet gumbo
For tonight down I’m gonna see my ma cher a mi-o
Pick guitar, fill fruit jar and be gay-o
Son of a gun, we’ll have big fun on the bayou
Settle down far from town get him a pirogue
And he’ll catch all the fish in the bayou
Swap his money to buy Yvonne what she need-o
Son of a gun, we’ll have big fun on the bayou
Jambalaya and a crawfish pie and fillet gumbo
For tonight down I’m gonna see my ma cher a mi-o
什锦菜
卡朋特
再见了，乔得走了， 天啊
他得走了，撑着独木舟，顺河而下
他的依凡，是最甜的女孩，老天
小坏蛋，让我们在河岸玩个痛快
提巴多〈地名〉，方坦诺〈地名〉，这里充满欢乐的声音
亲友们成群结队来看依凡
他们衣着光鲜，尽情作乐，我的老天
小坏蛋，让我们在河岸玩个痛快
(宴会上) 有什锦菜，小龙虾派，里脊秋葵
因为今晚我将见到我的爱人
拿把吉他，装满水果罐子，好不快活
小坏蛋，让我们在河岸玩个痛快
要是找个远离都市的地方安顿下来，再给他弄艘独木舟
他会为依凡捕尽河岸所有的鱼
用他的票子买依凡想要的东西
小坏蛋，让我们在河岸玩个痛快
有什锦菜，小龙虾派，里脊秋葵
因为今晚我将见到我的爱人
[词海拾贝]
Jambalaya[?d??mb?'laI?]n.什锦菜
pirogue[p?'r??ɡ]n.独木舟
bayou['baIu?]n.河口；支流
son of a gun小坏蛋
buzzing['b?zI?]v.充满兴奋的谈话声
crawfish['kr??fI?]n.小龙虾
Section Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1—Comprehending
[学生用书P29]
Drummer hits the road①
Yang Ming, drummer② for the rock band “Storm”， has packed his bags. He’s bid his furnished③ apartment goodbye④ after complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep.Being a bachelor⑤， Yang Ming held parties every night but the biggest problem was his latenight drumming.
Seldom has drumming caused such conflict.⑥ Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven⑦ mad being exposed to⑧ such noise. Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn’t have moved into the building.⑨ No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep. Neither could they relax⑩ or read a book without plugging their ears. One neighbour also claims that Yang Ming is an alcoholic? and was a bad influence on? his adolescent? son.
①hit the road出发；上路。hit意为：到达某地；是非正式的用法。
②drummer ['dr?m?] n．鼓手
③furnished ['f??n??t] adj.配有家具的；be furnished with...配有……家具
④bid...goodbye 向……告别
⑤bachelor ['b?t??l?] n．未婚男子，单身汉；此处的being a bachelor是现在分词短语作原因状语。
⑥此处是部分倒装结构。否定副词no, seldom等位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。
⑦drive vt.驱使；drive sb. mad使某人发疯
⑧be exposed to处于可能受伤的境地；expose [?k'sp??z] vt.使置身于危险中；暴露
⑨Had they known...是虚拟条件句的倒装句。正常语序为：If they had known..., 此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
⑩no sooner, rarely, neither等词位于句首时，句子用倒装结构。
?alcoholic [??lk?'h?l?k] n．酗酒者；酒鬼
?an influence on...对……有影响
?adolescent [??d?'les?nt] adj.青春期的n.青少年
鼓手走人
杨明是“暴风雨”摇滚乐队的鼓手，他已经收拾好了行李。在他的邻居抱怨失眠后，他告别了装修好的住房。杨明是一个单身汉，他每天晚上都开晚会，但是最大的问题是他在深夜打鼓。
由于练鼓而引起这样的纠纷是很少见的。杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪声中他们都快要被逼疯了。如果早知道他们的邻居是一位鼓手，他们就不会搬进这座大楼了。他们刚一搬进去，噪声就开始了，而且他们几乎没有睡过一个整夜觉。如果不塞住耳朵他们就不能休息或者看书。一个邻居还声称杨明是个酒鬼，对他未成年的儿子是个坏影响。
In the end, the local council? took action?. “It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning，”? a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health? and after such a chorus of? complaints, we had to take action.”
Yang Ming’s departure? has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to normal? now，” they say.
For Yang Ming’s version of the story, we found him in the lounge( of his suite( at Shanghai’s Holiday Inn Hotel. Yang Ming feels that his rights have been ignored(. Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic, but it is the fact that people have classified( his music as “noise” that upsets him most(. Otherwise he doesn’t really mind( having to leave his apartment. “Living in a hotel means a maid( makes my bed every day and I don’t have to do my own laundry(！” But how long will the hotel tolerate( him? We wonder.
?council ['ka?ns?l] n．委员会
?take action采取行动
?此处是强调句型It is/was...that...强调了时间状语only after careful consideration。
?此处是动名词getting enough sleep作主语。
?a chorus of sth.异口同声(表示同意或不同意)
?departure [d?'pɑ?t??] n．离开；离去
?go back to normal恢复正常
lounge [la?nd?] n．休息室
suite [swi?t] n．套房
ignore vt.忽视
classify ['kl?s?fa?] vt.把……分类； classify sb./sth. as...把……归类于……
此处是强调句型It is/was...that...强调了主语。
mind vt.介意
maid [meId] n．女佣
laundry ['l??ndr?] n．要洗的衣服；洗衣房
tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
tolerate doing sth.容忍做某事
最后，当地的居委会采取了行动。“在慎重考虑之后我们给了杨明一个警告，”一位居委会成员说，“得到足够的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，在收到如此一致的投诉之后，我们不得不采取行动。”
杨明的离开使邻居们很高兴。他们说：“现在生活将恢复正常了。”
为了知道杨明对事件的看法，我们在上海假日酒店杨明的套房的休息室见到了他。杨明觉得他的权利被忽视了。杨明讨厌被人叫作酒鬼，但是最让他伤心的是人们将他的音乐归类为“噪声”这一事实。否则的话，他根本不介意要离开自己的公寓。“住在酒店里意味着有服务员每天为我整理床铺，我甚至不用自己洗衣服！”但是我们想知道酒店可以容忍他多久。
Grandpa jailed① after one shower too many
Eighty-year-old retired tailor②， James McKay, spent Saturday night in jail after hitting thirty-year-old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick. McKay’s wife, Laurene told us that③ while McKay is usually a peaceful④ person⑤， he had been driven to this act of violence by getting wet just once too often.
Smith lives above the McKays and it appears that not only is he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector⑥. Unfortunately for him, the water he sent over his balcony every day⑦ ended up⑧ on the McKay’s, or too often, on the McKays themselves.
“For the last fortnight⑨， since Smith moved into the flat above us, we have hardly dared go onto our balcony，” said Laurene. She added⑩ that it wasn’t so much the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered? them?， it was more the way he cleaned his fish tanks. “We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers?， when? suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if?we’d showered with our clothes on?！ Neither could we get rid of? the smell of fish！”
①jail vt.监禁；拘留
②tailor ['te?l?] n．裁缝
③此处的that引导宾语从句。
④peaceful adj.平和的
⑤while在此处意为：虽然，引导让步状语从句。
⑥not only...but also...不但……而且……， not only位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。
⑦此处是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰the water。
⑧end up...以……而告终
⑨fortnight ['f??tna?t] n．两星期
⑩add vt.补充说
?bother vt.打扰
?此处是强调句型It is/was...that...强调了主语部分。
?此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
?此处的when用作并列连词，意为：这时……
?as if 好像，引导方式状语从句。
?with our clothes on 是with复合结构。
?get rid of 除去
在多次被浇之后老爷爷遭监禁
80岁的退休裁缝詹姆斯麦凯，在用手杖打了30岁的吉斯史密斯的头部之后，在监狱里度过了星期六的夜晚。麦凯的妻子劳伦娜告诉我们，麦凯通常是一个很平和的人，他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。
史密斯住在麦凯一家的楼上，看起来他不仅热衷于园艺，还是鱼类收藏家。不幸的是，他每天在阳台上浇的水最终都落在了麦凯家，或者经常落在麦凯夫妇身上。
劳伦娜说：“自从史密斯搬进我们楼上的房间，在过去的两个星期里，我们几乎不敢去自己的阳台。”她又补充说，其实使他们真正烦恼的不是史密斯浇花落到阳台上的水，而是史密斯清洁鱼缸的方式。“我们本来坐在那里开心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像是穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！ 而且鱼腥味很难除去。”
And on Saturday evening it was just too much. “It was James’ birthday，” explained Laurene, “and I’d made him a birthday cake. The candles were a great sight? as you can imagine, but James didn’t get to blow them out?.” Instead, Smith emptied one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through?. Rarely had Laurene seen McKay move so fast. “I couldn’t stop him. He was up there in a flash(. It was the fastest I’d seen him move since 1964.”
Smith is not going to take things further with( the police. He has also promised( to change his ways from now on(. And what of( James McKay? As he left the police station a large crowd of supporters sang him, “Happy Birthday”. “Definitely( the most exciting birthday ever！” said the cheerful old man. “The best since my adolescence( I’d say！”
?sight n．情景；景象
?blow...out 吹灭
?wet through全身湿透
in a flash 瞬间，一刹那
take...further with...
与……进一步交涉
promise to do sth.答应做某事
from now on从今以后
What of...？……怎么样了？
definitely adv.肯定地
adolescence [??d?'les?ns] n．青少年时期
而星期六晚上就太过分了。“那天是詹姆斯的生日，”劳伦娜解释说，“我为他做了一个生日蛋糕，你可以想象到那些蜡烛是多么壮观的一个景象，但是詹姆斯没有能够吹灭它们。”相反，史密斯在他的阳台倒空了一大缸水，麦凯夫妇和蛋糕全湿透了。劳伦娜几乎没有见过麦凯跑得这么快。“我阻止不了他。刹那间，他就在那儿了。那是自1964年以来我所看到他跑得最快的一次。”
史密斯将不会向警方进一步追究这件事。他也承诺从现在起改变自己的方式。而詹姆斯麦凯又怎样呢？ 当他离开警察局时，一大群支持者向他唱歌庆祝：“生日快乐！”愉快的老人说：“毫无疑问这是最令人兴奋的生日！我会说这是我自青少年时代以来度过的最好的生日！”
[学生用书P31]
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What’s the meaning of the title“Drummer hits the road” ?
A．The drummer has nothing to hit but the road.
B．The drummer has to leave.
C．The drummer hits another car on the road.
D．The drummer falls down on the road from the sky.
2．What’s the main reason why Yang Ming really minded leaving his apartment?
A．He had to live in a hotel.
B．It was expensive for him to live in a hotel.
C．The local council took action on the side of his neighbours.
D．His neighbours called him an alcoholic and his music noise.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the second newspaper report?
A．James McKay was such a bad-tempered man that he hit Keith Smith over the head.
B．James McKay hit Keith Smith over the head because Keith Smith happened to drop some water on the McKays.
C．Keith Smith always cleaned his fish tanks when the McKays were reading newspapers.
D．James McKay moved fast upstairs on his birthday and hit Keith Smith because he was extremely angry.
4．Why did some people sing him “Happy Birthday” as James McKay left the police station?
A．Because they wanted to laugh at him.
B．Because Keith Smith was not going to take things further.
C．Because they thought it was right for him to do that.
D．Because that birthday was the best one since his adolescence.
答案：1—4.BDDC
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic, but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.
本句是一个由but连接的 句。第一个分句是简单句； 第二个分句是 句型， 强调了句子的主语the fact; 第一个that引导的是 从句， 说明了the fact的具体内容。
[尝试翻译] 杨明讨厌 酒鬼， 但是 是人们 “噪声”这一事实。
答案：并列；强调；同位语；被人叫作；最让他伤心的；将他的音乐归类为
2．McKay’s wife, Laurene told us that while McKay is usually a peaceful person, he had been driven to this act of violence by getting wet just once too often.
本句是一个复合句。Laurene 是McKay’s wife的 ； that引导 从句； while引导 从句。
[尝试翻译] 麦凯的妻子劳伦娜告诉我们， 麦凯 ， 他是 才 这样的暴力举动的。
答案：同位语；宾语；让步状语；通常是一个很平和的人；因为多次被淋湿；被迫做出
A卷[学生用书P101(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
“Can we go now, Momma？” little Susie asked, pulling on her mom’s arm. Her mother did not answer, only stared blankly at the scene below. Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket(警戒队) signs. Other people gathered around them, shouting angry words that she couldn’t make out from this distance. This relatively small town in Missouri had never seen so much action. She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.
“Momma? ” Susie said in a frightened voice, two seconds before a gun shot went off, making her scream at the top of her lungs. Her mom grabbed her and held her over her shoulder as the tears started pouring. “What was that? I’m scared, Momma！！”
“Sh Sh Sh，” her momma whispered in a soothing tone, rubbing her daughter’s hair. “It’s just a bad dream, baby.” She said both to herself and Susie.
Susie looked at her with confused eyes at the same time a fight broke out among some members of each group. The little girl gasped in surprise. “Why are those ants fighting , Momma？”
“Those aren’t ants, sweetie; they’re people, or, at least they’re supposed to be.”
“I don’t understand what’s going on! I’m scared！！” the four-year-old child clung to her momma. “It looks like they’re dancing, momma.”
“Yeah, it sort of does, doesn’t it？” her mother said with an air of disbelief. How could the expression of heated anger be so beautiful? It was so wondrously unexpected that it brought soft tears to her eyes.
“Why are you scared, Momma? It’s just bugs dancing，” Susie said with an innocent smile, wiping away her mother’s tears.
【解题导语】 作者在本文中告诫大家要尽量避免战争，因为大家都应该热爱和平。
1．What could be happening below the tall building?
A．A large number of bugs have gathered dancing.
B．There was a fighting between different groups of people.
C．A group of ants were fighting out there.
D．A crowd of people were giving performances.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket(警戒队) signs. Other people gathered around them, shouting angry words that she couldn’t make out from this distance.可知，有一个不同群体的人之间的战斗。故选B项。
2．Why did Susie and her mum come to the top of the high building?
A．Because they could see beautiful sights there.
B．Because there were plenty of boxes for Susie to choose.
C．Because Susie liked to pick out their own house among other houses.
D．Because Susie loved to watch people gathering below the building.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.可知，她和Susie喜欢在成排的房子中找到自己的家。故选C项。
3．We can infer from the passage that ．
A．Susie’s mum cried because of scare
B．Susie’s mum always liked lying to Susie
C．Susie really believed there were bugs down there
D．Susie had a poor sight so that she couldn’t see things clearly
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Why are you scared, Momma? It’s just bugs dancing，”可知，Susie真的以为下面有虫子。故选C项。
4．The purpose of the passage is to tell us ．
A．as humans, we should love peace and avoid fighting as much as we can
B．a little girl is easy to make misjudgments on common things
C．it’s hard for a mother to explain to a small child why people fight sometimes
D．a fighting may have lasting harmful effect on a small child
A 解析：写作意图题。通过全文Susie和她妈妈从楼上看到的下面发生的事情，“不同的群体在打架”，告诉人们应该热爱和平，避免战争。故选A项。
B
From an early age，my daughter was a natural traveler.I remember being concerned about how she would handle the time difference when we traveled to Europe the summer after her kindergarten(幼儿园) year，but she hit the ground running.She woke early enough to catch the first train to Brussels.She wasn’t afraid to try new food in Belgium or Greece.
My 10-year-old son，however，is not a traveler.He feels comfortable in familiar places，and he is a picky eater.
This past summer，my kids and I spent three weeks in Central America.My daughter’s eyes lit up when I told her about the trip; my son’s filled with trepidation．
I spent the month making preparation for our trip，finding ways to convince my son that he would have fun，and that we’d be able to find him food that he would eat.My son loves animals，so I left magazines lying around our house that were conveniently opened to stories on animals found in Central America.
On our first day，we took a bus across Belize to the zoo，which my son loved.It seemed like a successful day until he cried through part of dinner.Exhaustion had gotten the best of him.Much like that first day，the trip had highs and lows.
I learned that making sure my son had enough sleep was the best way I could set us up for success.I made sure both kids had activities they were excited about.I didn’t plan a schedule.This allowed us to plan our days based on how we were feeling.
There were days that were not easy，but when I look through our pictures and find the one of us having just hiked up the Pacaya volcano，I know it was worth it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿天生爱旅行，而儿子却天生抵触旅行。为了减轻儿子旅途中的焦虑，作者想尽了一切办法。虽然旅行中充满了波折与坎坷，但是当作者回想起这段旅程时，依然认为一切都是值得的。
5．What does the author say about the author’s daughter？A.She hates getting up early in the morning.
B．She feels nervous in unfamiliar places.
C．She is a picky eater.
D．She loves traveling.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中my daughter was a natural traveler可知，作者的女儿天生爱旅行。
6．What does the underlined word “trepidation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Worry. B．Surprise.
C．Curiosity. D．Excitement.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中My 10-year-old son，however，is not a traveler.可知，作者的儿子不爱旅行，因此当提到旅行，他眼神中充满了忧虑。
7．What’s the preference of the author’s son?
A．Animals. B．Traveling.
C．Magazines. D．Various foods.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中My son loves animals可知，作者的儿子喜欢动物。
8．How were the author and her son during their summer trip?
A．They were sleepless.
B．They were in a hurry.
C．They fell behind their schedule.
D．They experienced sufferings and happiness.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中the trip had highs and lows可知，作者和孩子在旅途中既经历了磨难，也经历了快乐。
C
Great advance has been made in machine translation using artificial intelligence(AI)，which is able to provide the average English skill level of a university graduate in some fields now.How much might machines be able to achieve in the future？Until now，machine translation has been used in place of a dictionary when reading and writing English，but it hasn’t been usable to understand or translate larger texts.
Machine translation using AI made its first appearance in autumn in 2016，and from the point of view of a translator，it’s not uncommon for English articles produced by such machine translation to be better than those produced by students without help.However，it also has some blemishes．It can’t check for mistranslations，mistakes or languages it doesn’t understand.
The accuracy of AI translation is high for relatively formal texts，but it can’t be used for things like more casual texts，conversational texts within novels，and song lyrics.Further，it does not translate with a firm grasp of the meaning of the text that it is translating.For example，translations such as “I was born in 2001，and my younger sister was born in 2000” can occur.
As can be seen from mistranslation examples such as this，the ability to discriminate(区分) correctly when translating such things as words with one more meaning in context is not fully developed yet.However，as machine translation continues to improve，I think it is just a matter of time before such problems are solved.
Anyway，research has made quick progress since the birth of statistical translation using data from large translated texts in the 1990s.Since the successful application of AI translation，the accuracy and fluency of translations have improved dramatically.Although it is a bit challenging for us to further improve machine translation，we can surely make it through our continuous efforts.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了使用人工智能后的机器翻译的一些优点和缺点。
9．We can know from Paragraph 1 that machine translation ．
A．will help improve dictionaries
B．has been used to translate books
C．has achieved a lot through the application of AI
D．can translate better than a university graduate
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Great advance has been made in machine translation using artificial intelligence...可知使用人工智能后机器翻译取得了很大的进步。
10．What does the underlined word “blemishes” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Shortcomings. B．Changes.
C．Characteristics. D．Differences.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句It can’t check for mistranslations，mistakes or languages it doesn’t understand.可知人工智能翻译有一些缺点。
11．What do we know about machine translation nowadays?
A．It helps to understand song lyrics.
B．It can serve as an interpreter completely.
C．It can teach a university student perfectly.
D．It performs better when translating written papers.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句The accuracy of AI translation is high for relatively formal texts...可知，人工智能(机器)翻译对于相对正式的文本来说，翻译的准确性较好。
12．What’s the author’s attitude toward machine translation?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Worried. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句However，as machine translation continues to improve，I think it is just a matter of time before such problems are solved.以及最后一段可知，作者对机器翻译持积极态度。
七选五
If you’re thinking about going to a new country, or are looking to learn how to speak a foreign language while you are in a different country, the tips in this article will help you to find the support you need.
Carry a pocket dictionary with you.
This is one of the most important things that you can do because it will program you to listen for words you aren’t familiar with. 1. You don’t want to spend five minutes thumbing through a dictionary while having a conversation about the weather.
Try to find an employee at a local restaurant or store to help you with the language.
When restaurants or stores aren’t busy, employees are being paid to make sure that you are finding everything you need. When there aren’t many other customers, it may be appropriate to ask a few questions about the language. However, don’t abuse this privilege.2.
Work with a language teacher online.
This option doesn’t require you to wait until you arrive at a new place, since you can do it anywhere in the world.3. Check out websites which offer access to professional language teachers.
Live with a host family.
4． Whether it’s getting home-cooked dishes or learning the local slang(俚语)，it’s always great to meet other people in a new country, rather than travelling alone. Local host families may be free, but working out those arrangements is up to you.
5．
This is by far one of the most rewarding things of going to a new country: meeting new people and forming new relationships. When you develop a friendship with someone who needs to learn your native tongue, you can bond at a deeper level and help them while they help you.
A．Find someone who needs to learn your language.
B．There are certain advantages of staying with locals.
C．While most employees are polite, they aren’t paid tutors.
D．When you move to another country, everything is fresh and new.
E．You can also continue to learn with them even if you move to a new place.
F．Develop confidence for a language you might not be very comfortable to use.
G．Always wait until after your conversation to look up words unless it is an emergency.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了几种旅居国外时如何学习当地语言的方法。
1．G 解析：本句表转折，提醒读者要注意使用词典的时机。
2．C 解析：本句呼应上文，告诉读者不能认为餐厅或商店里的服务员可以无休止地帮你，他们不是付费的老师。
3．E 解析：本句对上文进行补充，说明在网上跟一个老师学习的另一个好处。
4．B 解析：本句为下文的内容进行铺垫，说明住在当地人家里对你的语言学习很有益处。
5．A 解析：本句概括了本段的主要内容，即找到一个想要学习你的母语的人，互相帮助，建立更深的友谊。
B卷[学生用书P103(单独成册)]
阅读理解
Antarctica doesn’t seem very inviting, but about 37，000 visitors are expected to go on a trip to the frozen continent during this tourist season.
If you decide to go there, you’ll need to think about timing. Ice, wind and low temperatures make a trip to Antarctica an impossibility outside of November through March. You’ll also have to consider the almost prohibitive cost of your ship ticket—from about U．S. DS| 3，500 to U．S. DS|25，000. This doesn’t cover airfare to your port of departure(启程), which is usually in South America, Australia or New Zealand.
Deciding what kind of boat on which to travel will make all the difference as accommodations vary greatly from one to the next. Large cruises, which might carry from 500 to 3，000 passengers, are good for vacationers and learners, but they never dock(靠岸) at a port. Smaller ships, such as yachts(快艇) and dive boats, allow you on the continent, and their staff plan various physical activities for visitors.
Those who actually get their feet on the ground will be privileged to have a very unique experience, including many educational opportunities. Tours of active scientific research facilities manned by biologists and geologists are often available. Visitors are also able to see various penguins and seals, some of which are brave enough to get up close. Finally, a few adventurous ones will enjoy mountaineering and diving during their time on the icy land.
Another consideration that must be made when visiting Antarctica is one’s environmental footprint. Every tourist, guide, researcher and ship makes an impact on this faraway part of our Earth.Precautions(预防措施) such as time limits on land, keeping a 5-meter distance from animals and rules against taking or leaving anything on the continent are strictly kept. Some wonder if it’s better for people just to stay away from Antarctica if they are so likely to affect the land negatively. But most will say that seeing Antarctica helps make the world more aware of the part this beautiful location plays in the global environment.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章从何时去、怎么去、旅行费用、注意事项等方面介绍了南极洲之旅的相关情况。
1．What does the underlined word “prohibitive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Common. B．Additional.
C．Reasonable. D．Unaffordable.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词后的cost of your ship ticket—from about U．S. DS| 3，500 to U．S. DS| 25，000. This doesn’t cover airfare to your port of departure可知，到南极洲旅游，不包括到港口的机票费用，光是船费就需要3 500－25 000美元，这几乎贵到负担不起。
2．What can we learn about passengers on large ships?
A．They are on board throughout the trip.
B．They can enjoy various physical activities.
C．They can get very close to local animals.
D．They have a chance to land on the continent.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段的Large cruises...never dock(靠岸) at a port.可知，因为大的船只无法靠岸，因此在南极洲进行海上航游的客人全程都只能待在船上。
3．What do most people think of the trips to Antarctica?
A．Dangerous. B．Economical.
C．Educational. D．Destructive.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句话可知，大多数人认为亲访南极洲让全世界更能意识到这个美丽的地方在全球环境中所扮演的角色，故在他们眼里，南极洲之旅有教育意义。
完形填空
For most students, moving into college dorms takes just a few days. But for Sally Gardiner-Smith, the experience lasted nine months. The 19-year-old sailed for a(n) 1 distance from her home in Maine, finally, to Eckerd College in St. Petersburg, Florida. She has never lived away from home before， 2 she travelled a total of 3，000 miles to her dorm with only her 3 ，Elli, by her side. This is what her sailing experience was like.
After 4 high school in 2014, Gardiner-Smith bought a 29-foot sailboat 5 The Athena and then made a(n) 6 to take up a voyage(航海) by herself. On October 1, 2014, the experienced sailor 7 ．“I decided to make this voyage alone 8 a desire to show to myself that I can do 9 I want with my life，” Gardiner-Smith 10 in a blog post(博客帖子)．
The nine-month sailing experience pushed Gardiner-Smith’s limits both 11 and emotionally. While she met up with friends and family at different 12 along the way, the time at 13 could be isolated(隔离的)；she went four or five days at a time without 14 another person. One of her most 15 difficulties came only a week into her voyage. While The Athena docked (进港) in Boston, her dog was 16 by a truck. Her back leg had to be cut off and she was sent back to Maine to 17 ， before rejoining Gardiner-Smith three weeks later.
Gardiner-Smith finally 18 St.Petersburg on July 21, where she dried her boat and eventually moved into her college dorm. Although she doesn’t know what she wants to 19 yet, Gardiner-Smith says her gap year 20 alone prepared her for whatever college throws at her.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Sally Gardiner-Smith通过驾船航行到达自己大学的经历，以及她途中所遇到的困难和自己的所获。
1．A.right B．equal
C．safe D．long
D 解析：根据后文的from her home in Maine, finally, to Eckerd College in St.Petersburg，Florida和a total of 3，000 miles可知，这里指很长的一段距离。
2．A.or B．and
C．but D．so
C 解析：上一句讲从未离开过家，下一句说明依旧驾帆船航行，由此可判断出，两句之间为转折关系。
3．A.friend B．dog
C．student D．cat
B 解析：根据第三段中的her dog可知，该题选dog，Gardiner-Smith的狗的名字叫Elli。
4．A.finishing B．entering
C．visiting D．attending
A 解析：根据第一段中的moving into college dorms可知，Gardiner-Smith在完成高中后，去上大学。
5．A.offered B．named
C．related to D．given to
B 解析：此处指的是她的船名叫The Athena，故用named作后置定语。
6．A.mistake B．agreement
C．plan D．promise
C 解析：Gardiner-Smith买了一艘帆船后，计划航海去学校，故选plan。
7．A.took away B．set up
C．took out D．set out
D 解析：根据上文plan可知，计划单独航行之后，于2014年10月1日出发了。set out出发，符合语境。
8．A.in spite of B．instead of
C．because of D．in need of
C 解析：根据下文的a desire to show to myself that...可知，后面解释单独航行原因，故选because of。
9．A.what B．nothing
C．when D．little
A 解析：根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处用what 引导宾语从句，同时在从句中也作want的宾语。
10．A.wrote B．read
C．painted D．drew
A 解析：根据语境判断可知，此处指的是Gardiner-Smith在博客帖子上所写的内容。
11．A.chemically B．physically
C．socially D．publicly
B 解析：根据上文的The nine-month sailing 可知，九个月的航行把Gardiner-Smith在身体上和心理上推到了极限。physically意为“身体上地”符合语境。
12．A.parks B．stations
C．ports D．shops
C 解析：根据上文的While she met up with friends and family以及Gardiner-Smith是单独航行，故可推测出Gardiner-Smith会在港口与朋友和家人碰面。
13．A.school B．sea
C．table D．home
B 解析：与前句相对比，指海上(at sea)的航行是与人隔绝的。
14．A.considering B．discussing about
C．stopping D．speaking to
D 解析：根据上文的the time...could be isolated可知，海上的航行是孤独的，可推知她会四、五天不和人讲话。
15．A.surprising B．strange
C．challenging D．unbelievable
C 解析：根据下文的Her back leg had to be cut off and she was sent back to Maine可知，这是她航海中遇见的最具有挑战性的困难之一。
16．A.disturbed B．killed
C．rescued D．hit
D 解析：根据下文的Her back leg had to be cut off可知，她的狗被卡车撞了。
17．A.help B．recover
C．work D．perform
B 解析：狗的后腿被切断了并且被送回到Maine(缅因州)，是为了恢复(recover)。
18．A.discovered B．saved
C．left D．reached
D 解析：根据下文的eventually moved into her college dorm可知，Gardiner-Smith最后在7月21日到达了圣彼得堡。
19．A.major in B．take in
C．believe in D．bring in
A 解析：根据上文的whatever college throws at her可知，因为Gardiner-Smith刚到达圣彼得堡，所以还不知道主修什么。短语 major in意为“主修”。
20．A.sailing B．reading
C．living D．celebrating
A 解析：根据上文的her gap year 可知，此处指的是间隔年的独立航行(sailing)。
语法填空
Scientists from Oxford University in England have discovered that the 1. (write) use of zero is 500 years 2. (old) than previously thought.The scientists used carbon dating to trace(追溯) the symbol’s origins to a famous ancient Indian scroll called the Bakhshali Manuscript(巴克沙利手稿)．They found the scroll goes back 3. the third century.Before the carbon dating of the scroll，scientists believed the manuscript was created in the eighth century.The zero symbol that we use today developed from a round dot 4. (frequent) used in India.This symbol can 5. (see) several times on the manuscript.
Marcus Du Santoy，a mathematics professor at Oxford University，explained the 6. (important) of zero.He said，“Today，we take it for granted that the concept of zero is used in 7. (we) lives.But the creation of zero as a number in its own right，8. developed from the dot symbol found in the Bakhshali manuscript，was one of 9. greatest breakthroughs in the history of mathematics.”Zero has some other 10. (name) in English，including nought，nil(in football) and love (in tennis)．
1．written 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰use，由下文可知，此处表示“书面的”，故填written。
2．older 解析：考查形容词比较级。由than previously thought可知，此处应填old的比较级older。
3．to 解析：考查介词。go back to意为“追溯到”。
4．frequently 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰used，故填副词frequently。
5．be seen 解析：考查被动语态。symbol与see之间是被动关系，因为设空处前有情态动词can，故填be seen。
6．importance 解析：考查名词。设空处意为“重要性”，且其前有定冠词the，故填名词importance。
7．our 解析：考查代词。设空处在此作定语修饰lives，故填our(我们的)。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明zero且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．the 解析：考查定冠词。“one of the＋形容词的最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……之一”。
10．names 解析：考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，由some other以及including nought，nil(in football)and love(in tennis)可知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填names。
课件51张PPT。Unit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 ConflictUnit 23 Conflict本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
阅读理解
A
“Can we go now, Momma？” little Susie asked, pulling on her mom’s arm. Her mother did not answer, only stared blankly at the scene below. Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket(警戒队) signs. Other people gathered around them, shouting angry words that she couldn’t make out from this distance. This relatively small town in Missouri had never seen so much action. She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.
“Momma? ” Susie said in a frightened voice, two seconds before a gun shot went off, making her scream at the top of her lungs. Her mom grabbed her and held her over her shoulder as the tears started pouring. “What was that? I’m scared, Momma！！”
“Sh Sh Sh，” her momma whispered in a soothing tone, rubbing her daughter’s hair. “It’s just a bad dream, baby.” She said both to herself and Susie.
Susie looked at her with confused eyes at the same time a fight broke out among some members of each group. The little girl gasped in surprise. “Why are those ants fighting , Momma？”
“Those aren’t ants, sweetie; they’re people, or, at least they’re supposed to be.”
“I don’t understand what’s going on! I’m scared！！” the four-year-old child clung to her momma. “It looks like they’re dancing, momma.”
“Yeah, it sort of does, doesn’t it？” her mother said with an air of disbelief. How could the expression of heated anger be so beautiful? It was so wondrously unexpected that it brought soft tears to her eyes.
“Why are you scared, Momma? It’s just bugs dancing，” Susie said with an innocent smile, wiping away her mother’s tears.
【解题导语】 作者在本文中告诫大家要尽量避免战争，因为大家都应该热爱和平。
1．What could be happening below the tall building?
A．A large number of bugs have gathered dancing.
B．There was a fighting between different groups of people.
C．A group of ants were fighting out there.
D．A crowd of people were giving performances.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的Crowds of people marched about with what looked like picket(警戒队) signs. Other people gathered around them, shouting angry words that she couldn’t make out from this distance.可知，有一个不同群体的人之间的战斗。故选B项。
2．Why did Susie and her mum come to the top of the high building?
A．Because they could see beautiful sights there.
B．Because there were plenty of boxes for Susie to choose.
C．Because Susie liked to pick out their own house among other houses.
D．Because Susie loved to watch people gathering below the building.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句She and Susie were standing at the top of the only high rise building in town for Susie loved to try to find their house among the rows and rows of little boxes.可知，她和Susie喜欢在成排的房子中找到自己的家。故选C项。
3．We can infer from the passage that ．
A．Susie’s mum cried because of scare
B．Susie’s mum always liked lying to Susie
C．Susie really believed there were bugs down there
D．Susie had a poor sight so that she couldn’t see things clearly
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Why are you scared, Momma? It’s just bugs dancing，”可知，Susie真的以为下面有虫子。故选C项。
4．The purpose of the passage is to tell us ．
A．as humans, we should love peace and avoid fighting as much as we can
B．a little girl is easy to make misjudgments on common things
C．it’s hard for a mother to explain to a small child why people fight sometimes
D．a fighting may have lasting harmful effect on a small child
A 解析：写作意图题。通过全文Susie和她妈妈从楼上看到的下面发生的事情，“不同的群体在打架”，告诉人们应该热爱和平，避免战争。故选A项。
B
From an early age，my daughter was a natural traveler.I remember being concerned about how she would handle the time difference when we traveled to Europe the summer after her kindergarten(幼儿园) year，but she hit the ground running.She woke early enough to catch the first train to Brussels.She wasn’t afraid to try new food in Belgium or Greece.
My 10-year-old son，however，is not a traveler.He feels comfortable in familiar places，and he is a picky eater.
This past summer，my kids and I spent three weeks in Central America.My daughter’s eyes lit up when I told her about the trip; my son’s filled with trepidation．
I spent the month making preparation for our trip，finding ways to convince my son that he would have fun，and that we’d be able to find him food that he would eat.My son loves animals，so I left magazines lying around our house that were conveniently opened to stories on animals found in Central America.
On our first day，we took a bus across Belize to the zoo，which my son loved.It seemed like a successful day until he cried through part of dinner.Exhaustion had gotten the best of him.Much like that first day，the trip had highs and lows.
I learned that making sure my son had enough sleep was the best way I could set us up for success.I made sure both kids had activities they were excited about.I didn’t plan a schedule.This allowed us to plan our days based on how we were feeling.
There were days that were not easy，but when I look through our pictures and find the one of us having just hiked up the Pacaya volcano，I know it was worth it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿天生爱旅行，而儿子却天生抵触旅行。为了减轻儿子旅途中的焦虑，作者想尽了一切办法。虽然旅行中充满了波折与坎坷，但是当作者回想起这段旅程时，依然认为一切都是值得的。
5．What does the author say about the author’s daughter？A.She hates getting up early in the morning.
B．She feels nervous in unfamiliar places.
C．She is a picky eater.
D．She loves traveling.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中my daughter was a natural traveler可知，作者的女儿天生爱旅行。
6．What does the underlined word “trepidation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Worry. B．Surprise.
C．Curiosity. D．Excitement.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中My 10-year-old son，however，is not a traveler.可知，作者的儿子不爱旅行，因此当提到旅行，他眼神中充满了忧虑。
7．What’s the preference of the author’s son?
A．Animals. B．Traveling.
C．Magazines. D．Various foods.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中My son loves animals可知，作者的儿子喜欢动物。
8．How were the author and her son during their summer trip?
A．They were sleepless.
B．They were in a hurry.
C．They fell behind their schedule.
D．They experienced sufferings and happiness.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中the trip had highs and lows可知，作者和孩子在旅途中既经历了磨难，也经历了快乐。
C
Great advance has been made in machine translation using artificial intelligence(AI)，which is able to provide the average English skill level of a university graduate in some fields now.How much might machines be able to achieve in the future？Until now，machine translation has been used in place of a dictionary when reading and writing English，but it hasn’t been usable to understand or translate larger texts.
Machine translation using AI made its first appearance in autumn in 2016，and from the point of view of a translator，it’s not uncommon for English articles produced by such machine translation to be better than those produced by students without help.However，it also has some blemishes．It can’t check for mistranslations，mistakes or languages it doesn’t understand.
The accuracy of AI translation is high for relatively formal texts，but it can’t be used for things like more casual texts，conversational texts within novels，and song lyrics.Further，it does not translate with a firm grasp of the meaning of the text that it is translating.For example，translations such as “I was born in 2001，and my younger sister was born in 2000” can occur.
As can be seen from mistranslation examples such as this，the ability to discriminate(区分) correctly when translating such things as words with one more meaning in context is not fully developed yet.However，as machine translation continues to improve，I think it is just a matter of time before such problems are solved.
Anyway，research has made quick progress since the birth of statistical translation using data from large translated texts in the 1990s.Since the successful application of AI translation，the accuracy and fluency of translations have improved dramatically.Although it is a bit challenging for us to further improve machine translation，we can surely make it through our continuous efforts.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了使用人工智能后的机器翻译的一些优点和缺点。
9．We can know from Paragraph 1 that machine translation ．
A．will help improve dictionaries
B．has been used to translate books
C．has achieved a lot through the application of AI
D．can translate better than a university graduate
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Great advance has been made in machine translation using artificial intelligence...可知使用人工智能后机器翻译取得了很大的进步。
10．What does the underlined word “blemishes” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Shortcomings. B．Changes.
C．Characteristics. D．Differences.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句It can’t check for mistranslations，mistakes or languages it doesn’t understand.可知人工智能翻译有一些缺点。
11．What do we know about machine translation nowadays?
A．It helps to understand song lyrics.
B．It can serve as an interpreter completely.
C．It can teach a university student perfectly.
D．It performs better when translating written papers.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句The accuracy of AI translation is high for relatively formal texts...可知，人工智能(机器)翻译对于相对正式的文本来说，翻译的准确性较好。
12．What’s the author’s attitude toward machine translation?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Worried. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句However，as machine translation continues to improve，I think it is just a matter of time before such problems are solved.以及最后一段可知，作者对机器翻译持积极态度。
七选五
If you’re thinking about going to a new country, or are looking to learn how to speak a foreign language while you are in a different country, the tips in this article will help you to find the support you need.
Carry a pocket dictionary with you.
This is one of the most important things that you can do because it will program you to listen for words you aren’t familiar with. 1. You don’t want to spend five minutes thumbing through a dictionary while having a conversation about the weather.
Try to find an employee at a local restaurant or store to help you with the language.
When restaurants or stores aren’t busy, employees are being paid to make sure that you are finding everything you need. When there aren’t many other customers, it may be appropriate to ask a few questions about the language. However, don’t abuse this privilege.2.
Work with a language teacher online.
This option doesn’t require you to wait until you arrive at a new place, since you can do it anywhere in the world.3. Check out websites which offer access to professional language teachers.
Live with a host family.
4． Whether it’s getting home-cooked dishes or learning the local slang(俚语)，it’s always great to meet other people in a new country, rather than travelling alone. Local host families may be free, but working out those arrangements is up to you.
5．
This is by far one of the most rewarding things of going to a new country: meeting new people and forming new relationships. When you develop a friendship with someone who needs to learn your native tongue, you can bond at a deeper level and help them while they help you.
A．Find someone who needs to learn your language.
B．There are certain advantages of staying with locals.
C．While most employees are polite, they aren’t paid tutors.
D．When you move to another country, everything is fresh and new.
E．You can also continue to learn with them even if you move to a new place.
F．Develop confidence for a language you might not be very comfortable to use.
G．Always wait until after your conversation to look up words unless it is an emergency.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了几种旅居国外时如何学习当地语言的方法。
1．G 解析：本句表转折，提醒读者要注意使用词典的时机。
2．C 解析：本句呼应上文，告诉读者不能认为餐厅或商店里的服务员可以无休止地帮你，他们不是付费的老师。
3．E 解析：本句对上文进行补充，说明在网上跟一个老师学习的另一个好处。
4．B 解析：本句为下文的内容进行铺垫，说明住在当地人家里对你的语言学习很有益处。
5．A 解析：本句概括了本段的主要内容，即找到一个想要学习你的母语的人，互相帮助，建立更深的友谊。
B卷
阅读理解
Antarctica doesn’t seem very inviting, but about 37，000 visitors are expected to go on a trip to the frozen continent during this tourist season.
If you decide to go there, you’ll need to think about timing. Ice, wind and low temperatures make a trip to Antarctica an impossibility outside of November through March. You’ll also have to consider the almost prohibitive cost of your ship ticket—from about U．S. DS| 3，500 to U．S. DS|25，000. This doesn’t cover airfare to your port of departure(启程), which is usually in South America, Australia or New Zealand.
Deciding what kind of boat on which to travel will make all the difference as accommodations vary greatly from one to the next. Large cruises, which might carry from 500 to 3，000 passengers, are good for vacationers and learners, but they never dock(靠岸) at a port. Smaller ships, such as yachts(快艇) and dive boats, allow you on the continent, and their staff plan various physical activities for visitors.
Those who actually get their feet on the ground will be privileged to have a very unique experience, including many educational opportunities. Tours of active scientific research facilities manned by biologists and geologists are often available. Visitors are also able to see various penguins and seals, some of which are brave enough to get up close. Finally, a few adventurous ones will enjoy mountaineering and diving during their time on the icy land.
Another consideration that must be made when visiting Antarctica is one’s environmental footprint. Every tourist, guide, researcher and ship makes an impact on this faraway part of our Earth.Precautions(预防措施) such as time limits on land, keeping a 5-meter distance from animals and rules against taking or leaving anything on the continent are strictly kept. Some wonder if it’s better for people just to stay away from Antarctica if they are so likely to affect the land negatively. But most will say that seeing Antarctica helps make the world more aware of the part this beautiful location plays in the global environment.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章从何时去、怎么去、旅行费用、注意事项等方面介绍了南极洲之旅的相关情况。
1．What does the underlined word “prohibitive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Common. B．Additional.
C．Reasonable. D．Unaffordable.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词后的cost of your ship ticket—from about U．S. DS| 3，500 to U．S. DS| 25，000. This doesn’t cover airfare to your port of departure可知，到南极洲旅游，不包括到港口的机票费用，光是船费就需要3 500－25 000美元，这几乎贵到负担不起。
2．What can we learn about passengers on large ships?
A．They are on board throughout the trip.
B．They can enjoy various physical activities.
C．They can get very close to local animals.
D．They have a chance to land on the continent.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段的Large cruises...never dock(靠岸) at a port.可知，因为大的船只无法靠岸，因此在南极洲进行海上航游的客人全程都只能待在船上。
3．What do most people think of the trips to Antarctica?
A．Dangerous. B．Economical.
C．Educational. D．Destructive.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句话可知，大多数人认为亲访南极洲让全世界更能意识到这个美丽的地方在全球环境中所扮演的角色，故在他们眼里，南极洲之旅有教育意义。
完形填空
For most students, moving into college dorms takes just a few days. But for Sally Gardiner-Smith, the experience lasted nine months. The 19-year-old sailed for a(n) 1 distance from her home in Maine, finally, to Eckerd College in St. Petersburg, Florida. She has never lived away from home before， 2 she travelled a total of 3，000 miles to her dorm with only her 3 ，Elli, by her side. This is what her sailing experience was like.
After 4 high school in 2014, Gardiner-Smith bought a 29-foot sailboat 5 The Athena and then made a(n) 6 to take up a voyage(航海) by herself. On October 1, 2014, the experienced sailor 7 ．“I decided to make this voyage alone 8 a desire to show to myself that I can do 9 I want with my life，” Gardiner-Smith 10 in a blog post(博客帖子)．
The nine-month sailing experience pushed Gardiner-Smith’s limits both 11 and emotionally. While she met up with friends and family at different 12 along the way, the time at 13 could be isolated(隔离的)；she went four or five days at a time without 14 another person. One of her most 15 difficulties came only a week into her voyage. While The Athena docked (进港) in Boston, her dog was 16 by a truck. Her back leg had to be cut off and she was sent back to Maine to 17 ， before rejoining Gardiner-Smith three weeks later.
Gardiner-Smith finally 18 St.Petersburg on July 21, where she dried her boat and eventually moved into her college dorm. Although she doesn’t know what she wants to 19 yet, Gardiner-Smith says her gap year 20 alone prepared her for whatever college throws at her.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Sally Gardiner-Smith通过驾船航行到达自己大学的经历，以及她途中所遇到的困难和自己的所获。
1．A.right B．equal
C．safe D．long
D 解析：根据后文的from her home in Maine, finally, to Eckerd College in St.Petersburg，Florida和a total of 3，000 miles可知，这里指很长的一段距离。
2．A.or B．and
C．but D．so
C 解析：上一句讲从未离开过家，下一句说明依旧驾帆船航行，由此可判断出，两句之间为转折关系。
3．A.friend B．dog
C．student D．cat
B 解析：根据第三段中的her dog可知，该题选dog，Gardiner-Smith的狗的名字叫Elli。
4．A.finishing B．entering
C．visiting D．attending
A 解析：根据第一段中的moving into college dorms可知，Gardiner-Smith在完成高中后，去上大学。
5．A.offered B．named
C．related to D．given to
B 解析：此处指的是她的船名叫The Athena，故用named作后置定语。
6．A.mistake B．agreement
C．plan D．promise
C 解析：Gardiner-Smith买了一艘帆船后，计划航海去学校，故选plan。
7．A.took away B．set up
C．took out D．set out
D 解析：根据上文plan可知，计划单独航行之后，于2014年10月1日出发了。set out出发，符合语境。
8．A.in spite of B．instead of
C．because of D．in need of
C 解析：根据下文的a desire to show to myself that...可知，后面解释单独航行原因，故选because of。
9．A.what B．nothing
C．when D．little
A 解析：根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处用what 引导宾语从句，同时在从句中也作want的宾语。
10．A.wrote B．read
C．painted D．drew
A 解析：根据语境判断可知，此处指的是Gardiner-Smith在博客帖子上所写的内容。
11．A.chemically B．physically
C．socially D．publicly
B 解析：根据上文的The nine-month sailing 可知，九个月的航行把Gardiner-Smith在身体上和心理上推到了极限。physically意为“身体上地”符合语境。
12．A.parks B．stations
C．ports D．shops
C 解析：根据上文的While she met up with friends and family以及Gardiner-Smith是单独航行，故可推测出Gardiner-Smith会在港口与朋友和家人碰面。
13．A.school B．sea
C．table D．home
B 解析：与前句相对比，指海上(at sea)的航行是与人隔绝的。
14．A.considering B．discussing about
C．stopping D．speaking to
D 解析：根据上文的the time...could be isolated可知，海上的航行是孤独的，可推知她会四、五天不和人讲话。
15．A.surprising B．strange
C．challenging D．unbelievable
C 解析：根据下文的Her back leg had to be cut off and she was sent back to Maine可知，这是她航海中遇见的最具有挑战性的困难之一。
16．A.disturbed B．killed
C．rescued D．hit
D 解析：根据下文的Her back leg had to be cut off可知，她的狗被卡车撞了。
17．A.help B．recover
C．work D．perform
B 解析：狗的后腿被切断了并且被送回到Maine(缅因州)，是为了恢复(recover)。
18．A.discovered B．saved
C．left D．reached
D 解析：根据下文的eventually moved into her college dorm可知，Gardiner-Smith最后在7月21日到达了圣彼得堡。
19．A.major in B．take in
C．believe in D．bring in
A 解析：根据上文的whatever college throws at her可知，因为Gardiner-Smith刚到达圣彼得堡，所以还不知道主修什么。短语 major in意为“主修”。
20．A.sailing B．reading
C．living D．celebrating
A 解析：根据上文的her gap year 可知，此处指的是间隔年的独立航行(sailing)。
语法填空
Scientists from Oxford University in England have discovered that the 1. (write) use of zero is 500 years 2. (old) than previously thought.The scientists used carbon dating to trace(追溯) the symbol’s origins to a famous ancient Indian scroll called the Bakhshali Manuscript(巴克沙利手稿)．They found the scroll goes back 3. the third century.Before the carbon dating of the scroll，scientists believed the manuscript was created in the eighth century.The zero symbol that we use today developed from a round dot 4. (frequent) used in India.This symbol can 5. (see) several times on the manuscript.
Marcus Du Santoy，a mathematics professor at Oxford University，explained the 6. (important) of zero.He said，“Today，we take it for granted that the concept of zero is used in 7. (we) lives.But the creation of zero as a number in its own right，8. developed from the dot symbol found in the Bakhshali manuscript，was one of 9. greatest breakthroughs in the history of mathematics.”Zero has some other 10. (name) in English，including nought，nil(in football) and love (in tennis)．
1．written 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰use，由下文可知，此处表示“书面的”，故填written。
2．older 解析：考查形容词比较级。由than previously thought可知，此处应填old的比较级older。
3．to 解析：考查介词。go back to意为“追溯到”。
4．frequently 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰used，故填副词frequently。
5．be seen 解析：考查被动语态。symbol与see之间是被动关系，因为设空处前有情态动词can，故填be seen。
6．importance 解析：考查名词。设空处意为“重要性”，且其前有定冠词the，故填名词importance。
7．our 解析：考查代词。设空处在此作定语修饰lives，故填our(我们的)。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明zero且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．the 解析：考查定冠词。“one of the＋形容词的最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……之一”。
10．names 解析：考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，由some other以及including nought，nil(in football)and love(in tennis)可知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填names。
Section Ⅱ Lesson 1—Language Points
[学生用书P32]
1．betray vt. 出卖， 背叛
2．friction n. 不和， 冲突
3．holy adj. 圣洁的
4．justice n. 公正， 正义
5．compromise n. 妥协， 让步
6．prejudice n. 偏见
7．classify vt. 把……分类
8．fortnight n. 两星期
9．immigration n．移民入境 →immigrate vi.移民
10．racial adj.种族之间的→race n．种族
11．furnished adj.配有家具的→furniture n．家具
12．expose vt.使置身于危险中； 暴露→exposure n．暴露
13．alcoholic n．酗酒者， 酒鬼→alcohol n．酒精
14．adolescent adj.青春期的 n．青少年→adolescence n．青春期
15．departure n．离开， 离去→depart v．离开
1．hand over 把……交给
2．bid...goodbye 向……告别
3．be exposed to 处于可能受伤害的境地
4．in a flash 瞬间， 即刻
5．turn to 求助于； 转向
6．out of control 失控
7．end up 以……而告终
8．get rid of 除去
1．现在分词短语作原因状语
Being a bachelor(因为是单身汉), Yang Ming held parties every night but the biggest problem was his late-night drumming.
2．省略if的虚拟条件句
Had they known(他们要是早知道) their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn’t have moved into the building.
3．no sooner...than...引导的倒装句
No sooner had they moved in than(他们一搬进来……就) the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.
4．while表示让步
McKay’s wife, Laurene told us that while McKay is usually a peaceful person(虽然麦凯通常是一个很平和的人), he had been driven to this act of violence by getting wet just once too often.
5．when引导并列句， 意为：这时
We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water(这时突然那么多水) would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we’d showered with our clothes on!
[学生用书P32]
betray vt.出卖， 背叛； 泄露； 辜负
①(教材P134)He is betrayed by a family member.
他被一个家庭成员背叛了。
②It would be unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.
这么诚实的人竟然出卖朋友，真令人难以置信。
betray...to... 将……出卖(泄露)给……
betray one’s trust 辜负某人的信任
betray oneself 暴露本来面目；原形毕露
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)他伪装得很好，但一说话就露出了马脚。
He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed himself.
(2)如果我告诉某人我不会辜负他的信任，我就会恪守诺言。
When I tell someone I will not betray his trust, I will keep my word.
hand over 把……交给； 移交(权力、 责任等)
①(教材P134)．..when the owner wouldn’t hand over his “secret recipe”． 当主人未交出其“秘密处方”时……
②He will hand over the charge of his office tomorrow.
他将在明天移交工作。
hand back 归还
hand down 传下来； 传给后世
hand in 交上去(给老师或上级)
hand on 传递给另一个人
hand out 散发， 分发
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Hand in your examination papers now, please.
(2)The officer handed me my passport back．
(3)These skills have been handed down from generation to generation.
(4)Would you please hand out these papers for me?
①(教材P19)turn to the court for justice
向法庭寻求正义
②More and more people turn to computer science.
愈来愈多的人转而从事计算机科学研究。
turn on 打开
turn down 调小； 拒绝
turn off 关闭
turn over 翻转
turn out 结果是
turn up 出现； 露面
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)In this strange city, she had no one who she could turn to．
(2)The baby is sleeping. Could you turn down the music?
(3)He is bound to turn up sooner or later.
compromise n．&vi.[C]妥协， 让步； 折中
①(教材P19)Government minister announces compromise on new TV violence laws
政府部长宣布在新的电视暴力法上做出让步
②It is really important for parents to reach a compromise between what they want and what their kids desire.
对于父母来说，在他们自己想要的和孩子们想要的之间达成一种妥协真的很重要。
(1)reach/come to a compromise 和解；达成妥协
make a compromise with 与……妥协
by compromise 折衷
(2)compromise with sb. 与某人和解
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Sometimes, it’s necessary to compromise with your friends when you want to keep the friendship.
(2)The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.
①(教材P19)Army arrests “out of control” civilians
军队逮捕“失控的”平民
②The car went out of control and ploughed into the side of a bus. 那辆汽车失去控制， 拦腰撞上了一辆公共汽车。
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date 过时
out of patience 不耐烦， 失去耐心
out of style 过时
out of touch 失去联系
out of question 毫无疑问
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)我们到达山顶时， 已经上气不接下气了。
When we reached the top of the mountain, we were out of breath．
(2)这个女孩失去平衡， 从自行车上掉了下来。
The girl was out of balance and fell off the bike.
(3)这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。
The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
bid...goodbye 向……告别
①(教材P20)He’s bid his furnished apartment goodbye after complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep.
在他的邻居抱怨失眠后， 他告别了装修好的住房。
②He bid his mother goodbye and departed for Paris.
他与母亲告别前往巴黎。
(1)bid sb.good morning 问候某人早安
bid sb.(to) do sth. 命令/吩咐某人做某事
(2)bid vt.&vi. 出价， 投标
n. 出价， 投标
bid...against sth. 竞买某物
bid...for sth. 为……出价(多少钱)
make a bid of...for... 为……出价……
bid的现在分词为bidding; 表示“出价， 投标” 时， 过去式和过去分词皆为bid; 表示“说问候话， 致意； 命令， 吩咐” 时， 过去式：bid/bade; 过去分词：bid/bidden。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We bid goodbye to the Browns and walked back.
(2)Two people were bidding against each other for the beautiful vase.
(3)I bid 1, 000 dollars for that picture.
expose vt.显露； 使置身于危险中； 暴露； 揭露
①(教材P20)Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.
杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪声中他们都快要被逼疯了。
②I hate the paparazzi.They always expose the people’s privacy.
我讨厌狗仔队， 他们老曝光人们的隐私。
(1)expose...to... 使……显露/暴露于……
expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事
expose sb.to sth. 使某人接触到某物； 使某人面临遭受某事
(2)exposed adj. 暴露的； 裸露的
be exposed to... 暴露于……； 处于可能受伤害的境地
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)You shouldn’t expose the soldiers to unnecessary risks.
(2)We shouldn’t expose children to so many violent films.
(3)You’d better not keep your skin exposed(expose) to the hot sun.
departure n．离开， 离去； 起程
①(教材P20)Yang Ming’s departure has pleased his neighbours. 杨明的离开使邻居们很高兴。
②We made our departure in the early morning.
我们一大早就起程了。
(1)departure from... 从……离开
departure for... 前往……
(2)depart vi. 离开， 离去； 起程
depart for... 起程去……
depart from 离开； 背离， 违背
My brother went on a trip last year. He planned to depart from Beijing and depart for Paris. On his departure from our home, our mother began to worry about him.
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Things had got worse and worse since his departure(depart) from head office.
(2)The next departure for New York will be at 11：00.
(3)Our flight departs from Shannon Airport at 2 o’clock.
(4)Some schools are now departing from the traditional idea of homework.
classify vt.把……分类， 归类
①(教材P20)Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic, but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.
杨明讨厌被人叫作酒鬼， 但是最让他伤心的是人们将他的音乐归类为“噪声”这一事实。
②The librarian is busy classifying those books into three parts. 图书管理员正忙着把那些书分成三部分。
(1)classify...into... 把……分成……
classify...as... 把……归类为……
(2)classified adj. 分类的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Children in schools are classified(classify) into grades according to how much they know.
(2)Such people should be classified as middle classes.
in a flash 瞬间，即刻；刹那
①(教材P20)He was up there in a flash.
刹那间，他就在那儿了。
②She was at his side in a flash.
她一闪之间便出现在他身边。
flash v． 闪光， 闪烁； 拍出， 发出； 炫耀
flash around 到处炫耀
flash across/into/through 闪现
flash on 意识到； 记起
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)If you are carrying a lot of cash, don’t flash around．
(2)The thought that I might die flashed through my mind.
(3)It flashed on me that he was her husband.
(教材P20)No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.
他们刚一搬进去， 噪声就开始了， 而且他们几乎没有睡过一个整夜觉。
(1)本句是一个并列句， 由and连接。前一分句采用了倒装语序， 相当于they had no sooner moved in than the noise began; 后一分句与前一分句相似， 因否定副词rarely置于句首而采用了倒装语序， 可转化为they rarely got a full night’s sleep。
(2)no sooner...than...和hardly...when...引导时间状语从句， 意为“一……就……” 。在这个主从复合句中， 主句动作先于从句动作发生， 用过去完成时； 从句动作用一般过去时。no sooner, hardly等否定副词或词组位于句首时， 主句采用部分倒装语序。以上结构中连词than与when不能换用。
(3)英语中表示“一……就……” 的连词或介词短语还有：
①I had no sooner stood up than he waved me to remain seated.
我刚站起身， 他就挥手示意我坐着。
②I found myself in an entirely new world the moment I entered the garden.
我一进入园内就感到耳目一新。
③On arriving at the airport, he exchanged his pounds for dollars.
一到达机场， 他就把英镑换成了美元。
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)No sooner had he finished the work when the boss asked him to sweep the floor. when→than
(2)Hardly had the game begun than it started raining. than→when
(3)I fell in love with the city the moment when I saw it. 去掉when
(教材P20)McKay’s wife, Laurene told us that while McKay is usually a peaceful person, he had been driven to this act of violence by getting wet just once too often.
麦凯的妻子劳伦娜告诉我们， 麦凯通常是一个很平和的人， 他是因为多次被淋湿才被迫做出这样的暴力举动的。
(1)本句中的while用作连词， 意为：虽然， 尽管； 引导让步状语从句。
(2)while作连词时， 有以下用法：
①表示时间的用法， 意为“当……的时候” 。
②表示让步的用法， 意为“尽管， 虽然” 。
③表示对比的用法， 意为“然而， 但” 。
Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place.
我的大多数同学想去公园，然而我想去更好的地方。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)睡觉时不要将所有的窗户都关紧。
Do not fasten all the windows up while you sleep．
(2)尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多时间和金钱。
While traveling can broaden your mind, I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to spend too much time and money on it.
(教材P20)We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we’d showered with our clothes on!
我们本来坐在那里开心地看报纸， 突然间很多水从天而降， 我们就好像是穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！
(1)句中的be doing...when...表示“正在做……这时……” , 此句型中的when用作并列连词， 意为：这时， 相当于and at this time。
(2)when用作并列连词， 常用于以下句型：
①be about to do ...when... 正要做……这时……
②be on the point of doing...when...
正要做……这时……
③had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
I was seeing the film in the cinema when my phone rang.
我正在电影院看电影， 这时我的手机响了。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)I was about to leave the room when someone knocked at the door.
(2)He had just finished his paper when another task came to him.
(3)The man was on the point of writing(write) to her when he received her letter.
[学生用书P36]
品句填词
1．It is said that priceless (古董) were destroyed in the fire.
答案：antiques
2．The next procedure is to (分类) the information.
答案：classify
3．The government opened up the policy on (移民)．
答案：immigration
4．The young man has had three accidents in the past (两周)．
答案：fortnight
5．He said that room was (配有家具的) with beautiful pictures.
答案：furnished
6．She felt (被出卖) when she found out the truth.
答案：betrayed
7．He didn’t want to (暴露) his fears to the children.
答案：expose
8．Their decision was based on ignorance and (偏见)．
答案：prejudice
9．We are not prepared to (妥协) on safety standard.
答案：compromise
10．Marriage is, first of all, a contract which must be governed by (公平)．
答案：justice
单句改错
1．He was extremely angry, for he betrayed by his fellow.
答案：betrayed前加was
2．The foreign ministers didn’t come a compromise yesterday.
答案：come后加to
3．Exposing to the cold wind, they were eager for warm clothes.
答案：Exposing→Exposed
4．He held off his depart until his sister had come.
答案：depart→departure
5．I’m a stranger here and I don’t know whom I can turn for help.
答案：for前加to
完成句子
1．我们刚离开村子， 天就下起雨来了。
the village than it began to rain.
答案：No sooner had we left
2．我晚上很少一个人出去散步。
in the evening by myself.
答案：Seldom do I go for a walk
3．尽管我同意你的理由， 但我不能允许这样做。
I agree with your reasons, I can’t allow it.
答案：While
4．他不但是一位作家， 而且是一位画家。
He is a writer, a painter.
答案：not only; but also
5．他不但认识她而且他们还是好朋友。
but also they are good friends.
答案：Not only does he know her
课文语法填空
(一) Drummer hits the road
Yang Ming, 1. drummer and bachelor, held parties every night, which 2. (cause) many 3. (complain) from his neighbours about loss of sleep. They say they were being driven mad being 4. (expose) to such noise.Since they 5. (move) into the building, they have rarely got a full night’s sleep.They even couldn’t get 6. (relax) or read without 7. (plug) their ears.Moreover, one neighbour thinks Yang is an alcoholic and had a bad influence 8. his son.Finally, the local council took action.Yang Ming had to leave his 9. (furnish) apartment.His departure has made his neighbours’ life return 10. normal.
答案：1.a 2.has caused 3.complaints 4.exposed
5．moved 6.relaxed 7.plugging 8.on 9.furnished 10.to
(二) Grandpa jailed after one shower too many
Smith, a keen gardener and fish collector, lives above the McKays.1. (unfortunate), the water he sent over his balcony every day 2. (drop) on the McKays’， or too often, on the McKays 3. (them)．It was not so much the water falling onto their balcony 4. the way he cleaned his fish tanks that bothered them.They were sitting there happily 5. (read) their newspapers 6. so much water would come from above so that they got wet all over.
On Saturday evening, when it was James McKay’s 7. (eighty) birthday, Smith emptied one of his larger tanks and both the McKays and the cake were wet through.James, who is usually a 8. (peace) person, couldn’t tolerate it any more.He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on 9. head with his walking stick.As a result, James McKay spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most 10. (excite) birthday ever.
答案：1.Unfortunately 2.dropped 3.themselves 4.but
5．reading 6.when 7.eightieth 8.peaceful 9.the 10.exciting
A卷[学生用书P105(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．Not only he but also his brothers (be) coming to see you.
答案：are
2．Some people have naturally beautiful voice others need to be trained.
答案：while
3．The policeman arrived in time and caught the thief a flash.
答案：in
4．He made a big mistake because of his (ignore)．
答案：ignorance
5．The millionaire has handed 50 percent of his stock to his first son.
答案：over
6．She turned her teacher for advice.
答案：to
7．Her sudden (depart) has disarranged my plans.
答案：departure
8．For convenience, we may classify the students four groups.
答案：into
9．They were (expose) to enemy attack on all sides.
答案：exposed
10．He seems to be very much of a gentleman in the public, but when he is alone, his behavior betrays (him)．
答案：himself
阅读理解
We know that everything in the universe was created in a moment because of the Big Bang.Of course there weren’t any humans around to see how the universe started.But what would it have been like if we could see and feel it？Now new research has offered some clues.
In the Big Bang，space was filled with light.In a moment after the event，the universe was over a million trillion times smaller than an atom.It was also a septillion (one followed by 24 zeroes) times hotter than the center of the sun.
From this beginning，the expansion and cooling started.In this early stage，the universe was bright，though there were no stars，only a formless soup of particles(微粒)．While opening your eyes to the night sky—if such a thing were possible—you would have been instantly blinded by the light(even light outside visible frequencies could harm our eyes)．
After about 1.2m years，the sky would have glowed (发光) with the color and temperature of a candle.Then the sky would slowly become dimmer and redder for another 4.6m years，before finally becoming black to human eyes.There were still no stars，so the night sky would have been totally dark.However，it would have still been very hot and baked any human observer.
As the universe continued to expand，it would take another 4.3m years，until the universe was about 10m years old，for the temperature to become bearable.Then it would take about another 1m years to reach the temperature of a warm bath.You could have worn summer clothes.But it would have started to get a bit chilly around 15m years after the Big Bang.Freezing temperatures began at about 16m years.
After several hundred million years the universe became cooler and the night sky changed.Matter was slowly gathering together，because of gravity，in the dark.This was when the first stars began to form，and our familiar night sky was born.Now as the universe continues to expand at an ever-increasing rate，the light will dilute(稀释) away and the temperature will slowly approach the coldest possible temperature of －273℃.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。宇宙始于大爆炸，它由热变冷并不断膨胀。
1．We can learn that the light in the early stage of universe ．
A．came from the stars
B．was extremely strong
C．was less bright at night
D．had done harm to human eyes
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段you would have been instantly blinded...could harm our eyes可推断，宇宙初始阶段时光线十分强烈。
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dimmer” in Paragraph 4?
A．Brighter. B．Softer.
C．Clearer. D．Darker.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段before finally becoming black to human eyes...been totally dark可推断，这一阶段的天空会越来越暗淡和发红直到变为漆黑一片，由此可知dimmer意为“更加暗淡的”。
3．How old was the universe when it had the heat of summer?
A．4.3 million years old.
B．5 million years old.
C．11 million years old.
D．15 million years old.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段until the universe was about 10m years old...take about another 1m years to reach the temperature ... 可推断，宇宙在1000万年时气温变得可以忍受，再过100万年达到人类夏天的温度，可推测宇宙在1100 万岁时热度达到了夏天的水平。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The formation of stars.
B．The temperature of the Earth.
C．The development of the universe.
D．The achievements in space exploration.
C 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了宇宙从大爆炸开始逐步由热变冷的发展变化过程。
完形填空
A 92-year-old gentle but proud man moved to a nursing home.Each morning，he is fully 1 by eight o’clock，with his hair 2 combed and his face perfectly shaved，even though he is legally blind.
His 75-year-old wife recently 3 ，making the move necessary.After many hours of 4 patiently in the rest room of the nursing home，he smiled sweetly when told his room was 5 ．As he moved his walker to the elevator，I provided a visual description of his tiny room， 6 the curtain hanging before his window.
“I 7 it”，he stated with the joy of an eight-year-old child having just been 8 with a new toy.“Mr.Jones，you haven’t 9 the room yet，just wait.”I said.“That has 10 to do with it，” he replied.“Happiness is something you decide on 11 time.Whether I like my room or not doesn’t 12 on how the furniture is arranged；it’s how I arrange my 13 ．”“I have already decided to like it.It’s a 14 I make when I wake up every morning.I have a choice；I can spend the day in bed thinking of the 15 I have with the parts of my body that no longer work， 16 I can get out of bed and be thankful for the ones that still work.”
“Each day is a gift，and as long as my eyes open，I’ll enjoy the new day and all the 17 memories I have stored away.”“Old age is like a bank account.You 18 from what you’ve put in.”“So，my 19 to you would be to deposit(存放) a lot of happiness in the bank account of memories！Thank you for your part in 20 my memory bank.I am still depositing.”
【解题导语】 一位92岁的老人住进养老院，他把每一天看成是一份礼物，储存在记忆中的都是快乐的东西。
1．A.woken B．understood
C．dressed D．accepted
C 解析：根据后文with his hair ... face perfectly shaved可知，每天早上八点，老人就已经完全穿戴整齐。
2．A.fashionably B．normally
C．casually D．strangely
A 解析：虽然他看不见，但他把头发梳理得很时尚，脸刮得很干净。
3．A.turned back B．left off
C．went out D．passed away
D 解析：他七十五岁的妻子最近去世了，这让他很有必要搬到养老院。
4．A.laughing B．waiting
C．walking D．thinking
B 解析：根据前面的After many hours可知，他在养老院的休息室耐心地等候了几个小时。
5．A.popular B．empty
C．extra D．ready
D 解析：当被告知房间已经准备好了，他甜甜地笑了。
6．A.including B．except
C．through D．without
A 解析：我给他描述了他不大的房间，包括挂在窗前的窗帘。
7．A.remember B．love
C．respect D．find
B 解析：根据后文的with the joy可知，老人很高兴地说：“我喜欢这个房间”。
8．A.combined B．occupied
C．presented D．dealt
C 解析：老人高兴得像一个刚被赠送了一个新玩具的八岁小孩子一样开心。
9．A.known B．obtained
C．seen D．chosen
C 解析：根据上文语境可知，老人还没有到达房间就说很喜欢自己的房间，故作者内心存在疑惑，告诉老人：“您还没看过房间呢，稍等”。
10．A.much B．more
C．something D．nothing
D 解析：老人回答：“看没看过房间和自己是否喜欢这个房间之间并没有任何关系”。
11．A.in case of B．in favor of
C．ahead of D．regardless of
C 解析：根据语境可知，老人认为快乐是自己事先已经决定好了的。
12．A.focus B．drop
C．look D．depend
D 解析：老人说：“我是否喜欢这个房间不是取决于房间内的家具是如何摆设的”。
13．A.mind B．time
C．work D．money
A 解析：“而是取决于我如何安排我的想法”。下文即是他的想法。
14．A.comment B．decision
C．habit D．plan
B 解析：根据语境可知，快乐是老人每天早晨醒来所做的决定。
15．A.mistakes B．promises
C．debt D．difficulty
D 解析：根据后文parts of my body that no longer work可知，老人坏了的身体部位给他带来很多困难。
16．A.and B．but
C．or D．so
C 解析：“我也可以走下床，感激自己好的那些身体部位”。由前文choice可知，前后是选择关系，所以用or连接。
17．A.cheerful B．useful
C．painful D．successful
A 解析：根据上文Each day is a gift ...the new day可知，老人热爱生活，也享受他所储存的所有快乐的记忆。
18．A.borrow B．learn
C．save D．get
D 解析：根据上文可知，老人认为人的晚年就像银行，你储存了什么就会从中获得什么。
19．A.advice B．experience
C．dream D．example
A 解析：根据语境可知，老人建议作者应该储存很多幸福快乐的记忆。
20．A.building B．filling
C．donating D．designing
B 解析：老人感谢作者在他的晚年生活中为他所做的工作。
B卷[学生用书P107(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
My dad, Elvin Elliott, always loves farming. Even though he turns 82 this year, he’ll be out on the tractor this summer, happily making hay for his 50 beef cows.
Last year I took a vacation day from work to shoot photos of Dad and my brother Terry, who takes time off every year to help with making hay. Terry says it’s still a vacation for him because he enjoys being out in the fresh air, driving a tractor and helping Dad. As I watched Dad work with Terry, I thought how lucky I was to grow up on our farm.
My mom, Uzelia, was a city girl, but she supported Dad’s dreams and became his best farmhand. They started in 1961 on a rented farm, tending 18 acres of tobacco and milking 18 cows. In 1975 they bought their own farm, and eventually milked as many as 130 Holsteins.
It was my job to drive the cows to the barn and bottle-feed the baby calves. Sometimes I’d have as many as 15 calves—and they all wanted to be fed at the same time. I used to tap them lightly on the nose with a stick. Before long they all knew to wait their turn. I would feed two, and when they finished, two more would come up.
My favorite haymaking memories are of break time, when we’d get “square nabs” peanut butter crackers and a Coke.
We sold our milk to Pine State Creamery. When it went out of business in 1989, Dad sold his Holsteins and got beef cows. And now, even though he’s been farming for nearly 55 years, Dad has no plan to retire anytime soon. And why should he? He’s doing exactly what he loves.
【解题导语】 作者的父亲虽然82岁了，但是仍然喜欢在农场里干活。
1．When it is time for Terry to work on the farm, he most probably feels ．
A．angry B．bored
C．surprised D．cheerful
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Terry says it’s still a vacation for him because he enjoys being out in the fresh air, driving a tractor and helping Dad.”可推断，Terry要去农场干活时很开心。
2．What were the Holsteins mainly raised for?
A．To sell for meat.
B．To produce milk.
C．To produce calves.
D．To work on the farm.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“In 1975 they bought their own farm, and eventually milked as many as 130 Holsteins.”可知，这些荷兰乳牛是用来产奶的。
3．What do we learn about the author’s father?
A．He has got too old to work.
B．He knows what he truly loves.
C．He lives a very boring life now.
D．He works hard to make a living.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的“And now, even though he’s been farming for nearly 55 years, Dad has no plan to retire anytime soon. And why should he? He’s doing exactly what he loves.”可推断，作者的父亲知道自己真正爱做的是什么。
4．The author tapped the calves lightly on the nose to ．
A．have fun with them
B．show them where food was
C．tell them more would come up
D．prevent them from crowding up
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“I used to tap them lightly on the nose with a stick. Before long they all knew to wait their turn.”可知，作者是为了阻止它们一拥而上。
B
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? ” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.
Why did we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You’re a lucky guy” or “You’re a lucky gal”， that’s being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Being wrapped(包裹) up in this expression is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says consist with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
【解题导语】 本文通过举例子来说明了如何理解别人和我们说的话，避免误解别人的意思。
5．When recalling things that have happened between our friends and us, we may ．
A．feel good to have friends standing by us
B．think it was a mistake to view some people as friends
C．misread some of our friends’ true feelings
D．keep looking back to find mistakes we’ve made
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.可知， 我们回忆起和朋友的交谈时， 会发现误解了朋友， 但是等我们知道时， 已经太晚了。
6．By saying “You’re a lucky dog”， the speaker ．
A．is just being friendly
B．expresses the same meaning as “You’re a lucky guy”
C．may have a hidden envious feeling
D．intends to put the listener down
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的But“lucky dog” ? There’s a bit of envy in those words.可知， 这句话的背后可能会藏着说话者的嫉妒之心。
7．In listening to a person, the important thing is ．
A．to listen carefully to how he utters his words
B．to observe his tone, his posture, and his clothes
C．to stop for a while and decide whether to believe him
D．to check his words against his manner, tone and posture
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says consist with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? 可知， D项为正确答案。
8．This passage tries to tell you how to ．
A．avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
B．say things appropriately to avoid mistakes
C．keep people always faithful to you
D．avoid regretting about making mistakes
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知， 主要是通过举例子来说明了如何理解别人和我们说的话， 避免误解别人的意思。
七选五
Productivity is of great importance to your success at work.If you’re not accomplishing enough throughout the day，consider how to manage your time.Here are several simple tips on increasing productivity：
Set your schedule for the next day the night before you leave the office.Arrange task that needs to be completed in order of importance.Even if you are interrupted by unexpected assignments or emergencies，you’ll know exactly what needs to be done when you return to your desk.1. Besides，you’ll get the satisfaction of crossing items off your “to do” list once you complete them.
Take a five-to ten-minute break when you are tired.2. You get to do so by taking a short walk down the hall to the water cooler，or even across the street for a cup of coffee.
Reduce your multi-tasking.Studies have shown that people who try to do two or more activities at once end up becoming distracted(注意力分散的)，and the quality of their work suffers.3.
Get rid of potential distractions.Although interruptions during the workday are inevitable，minimize them to the extent possible.4. When a co-worker is looking to shoot the breeze(闲聊)，let him or her know that you’re trying to finish a project，but would be happy to chat later.
5． The time you spend looking for misplaced papers each day is extra time you could be used to complete your work.Likewise，there are apps to help you sort and electronically organize your email inbox.Imagine the time you could save by no longer searching for hard-to-find emails!
A．Learn to be smart.
B．Keep your workspace clean.
C．If you have an office with a door，keep it closed.
D．In addition，start your day with the most important task.
E．Brief breaks from work can actually increase your productivity.
F．A good schedule can help to keep you organized and focused all the time.
G．So focus on one task at a time，complete it properly and move on to the next one.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高工作效率的几种方式。
1．F 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，与前一句构成递进关系，介绍良好的工作计划的好处。答案中的A good schedule与本段主题句中的schedule相呼应。
2．E 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，解释本段主题句的内容，说明短暂休息可以提高效率。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是一个总结句，与前几句构成因果关系，说明工作时要专注于一项工作。
4．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，介绍了排除干扰的方法之一。
5．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句，本段主要说明保持办公场所整洁的好处。
短文改错
I go shopping yesterday afternoon. It was seven o’clock when I was going home by bus. The bus was full of passenger, all of whom kept silent. A mother together with her little son were sitting nearby. Sudden, the son cried loudly. The mother tried to do that she could to make him to stop crying. However, the son went on crying. Before a long time, a man sitting next to the mother said angrily, “Why don’t you give child what he wants？” The mother answered quietly, “I would if I could, so what he wants is your hat.” Hear this, all the passengers burst into laughter.
答案：
I shopping yesterday afternoon. It was seven o’clock when I was going home by bus. The bus was full of ， all of whom kept silent. A mother together with her little son sitting nearby. ， the son cried loudly. The mother tried to do she could to make him stop crying. However, the son went on crying. a long time, a man sitting next to the mother said angrily, “Why don’t you give child what he wants？” The mother answered quietly, “I would if I could, what he wants is your hat.” this, all the passengers burst into laughter.
课件59张PPT。Unit 23 Conflictbetray friction holy justice compromise prejudice classify fortnight immigration racial furnished expose alcoholic adolescent departure hand overbid...goodbyebe exposed toin a flashturn to out of controlend upget rid of Being a bachelorHad they knownNo sooner had they moved in thanwhile McKay is usually a peaceful personwhen suddenly so much waterbetrayed himselfbetray his trustin backdown out todown up with by out of breathout of balance out of dateto against for to to exposeddeparturefor from from classifiedas aroundthrough on when→thanthan→when去掉whenwhile you sleepWhile traveling can broaden your mindwhen when writing本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．It is said that priceless (古董) were destroyed in the fire.
答案：antiques
2．The next procedure is to (分类) the information.
答案：classify
3．The government opened up the policy on (移民)．
答案：immigration
4．The young man has had three accidents in the past (两周)．
答案：fortnight
5．He said that room was (配有家具的) with beautiful pictures.
答案：furnished
6．She felt (被出卖) when she found out the truth.
答案：betrayed
7．He didn’t want to (暴露) his fears to the children.
答案：expose
8．Their decision was based on ignorance and (偏见)．
答案：prejudice
9．We are not prepared to (妥协) on safety standard.
答案：compromise
10．Marriage is, first of all, a contract which must be governed by (公平)．
答案：justice
单句改错
1．He was extremely angry, for he betrayed by his fellow.
答案：betrayed前加was
2．The foreign ministers didn’t come a compromise yesterday.
答案：come后加to
3．Exposing to the cold wind, they were eager for warm clothes.
答案：Exposing→Exposed
4．He held off his depart until his sister had come.
答案：depart→departure
5．I’m a stranger here and I don’t know whom I can turn for help.
答案：for前加to
完成句子
1．我们刚离开村子， 天就下起雨来了。
the village than it began to rain.
答案：No sooner had we left
2．我晚上很少一个人出去散步。
in the evening by myself.
答案：Seldom do I go for a walk
3．尽管我同意你的理由， 但我不能允许这样做。
I agree with your reasons, I can’t allow it.
答案：While
4．他不但是一位作家， 而且是一位画家。
He is a writer, a painter.
答案：not only; but also
5．他不但认识她而且他们还是好朋友。
but also they are good friends.
答案：Not only does he know her
课文语法填空
(一) Drummer hits the road
Yang Ming, 1. drummer and bachelor, held parties every night, which 2. (cause) many 3. (complain) from his neighbours about loss of sleep. They say they were being driven mad being 4. (expose) to such noise.Since they 5. (move) into the building, they have rarely got a full night’s sleep.They even couldn’t get 6. (relax) or read without 7. (plug) their ears.Moreover, one neighbour thinks Yang is an alcoholic and had a bad influence 8. his son.Finally, the local council took action.Yang Ming had to leave his 9. (furnish) apartment.His departure has made his neighbours’ life return 10. normal.
答案：1.a 2.has caused 3.complaints 4.exposed
5．moved 6.relaxed 7.plugging 8.on 9.furnished 10.to
(二) Grandpa jailed after one shower too many
Smith, a keen gardener and fish collector, lives above the McKays.1. (unfortunate), the water he sent over his balcony every day 2. (drop) on the McKays’， or too often, on the McKays 3. (them)．It was not so much the water falling onto their balcony 4. the way he cleaned his fish tanks that bothered them.They were sitting there happily 5. (read) their newspapers 6. so much water would come from above so that they got wet all over.
On Saturday evening, when it was James McKay’s 7. (eighty) birthday, Smith emptied one of his larger tanks and both the McKays and the cake were wet through.James, who is usually a 8. (peace) person, couldn’t tolerate it any more.He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on 9. head with his walking stick.As a result, James McKay spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most 10. (excite) birthday ever.
答案：1.Unfortunately 2.dropped 3.themselves 4.but
5．reading 6.when 7.eightieth 8.peaceful 9.the 10.exciting
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Not only he but also his brothers (be) coming to see you.
答案：are
2．Some people have naturally beautiful voice others need to be trained.
答案：while
3．The policeman arrived in time and caught the thief a flash.
答案：in
4．He made a big mistake because of his (ignore)．
答案：ignorance
5．The millionaire has handed 50 percent of his stock to his first son.
答案：over
6．She turned her teacher for advice.
答案：to
7．Her sudden (depart) has disarranged my plans.
答案：departure
8．For convenience, we may classify the students four groups.
答案：into
9．They were (expose) to enemy attack on all sides.
答案：exposed
10．He seems to be very much of a gentleman in the public, but when he is alone, his behavior betrays (him)．
答案：himself
阅读理解
We know that everything in the universe was created in a moment because of the Big Bang.Of course there weren’t any humans around to see how the universe started.But what would it have been like if we could see and feel it？Now new research has offered some clues.
In the Big Bang，space was filled with light.In a moment after the event，the universe was over a million trillion times smaller than an atom.It was also a septillion (one followed by 24 zeroes) times hotter than the center of the sun.
From this beginning，the expansion and cooling started.In this early stage，the universe was bright，though there were no stars，only a formless soup of particles(微粒)．While opening your eyes to the night sky—if such a thing were possible—you would have been instantly blinded by the light(even light outside visible frequencies could harm our eyes)．
After about 1.2m years，the sky would have glowed (发光) with the color and temperature of a candle.Then the sky would slowly become dimmer and redder for another 4.6m years，before finally becoming black to human eyes.There were still no stars，so the night sky would have been totally dark.However，it would have still been very hot and baked any human observer.
As the universe continued to expand，it would take another 4.3m years，until the universe was about 10m years old，for the temperature to become bearable.Then it would take about another 1m years to reach the temperature of a warm bath.You could have worn summer clothes.But it would have started to get a bit chilly around 15m years after the Big Bang.Freezing temperatures began at about 16m years.
After several hundred million years the universe became cooler and the night sky changed.Matter was slowly gathering together，because of gravity，in the dark.This was when the first stars began to form，and our familiar night sky was born.Now as the universe continues to expand at an ever-increasing rate，the light will dilute(稀释) away and the temperature will slowly approach the coldest possible temperature of －273℃.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。宇宙始于大爆炸，它由热变冷并不断膨胀。
1．We can learn that the light in the early stage of universe ．
A．came from the stars
B．was extremely strong
C．was less bright at night
D．had done harm to human eyes
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段you would have been instantly blinded...could harm our eyes可推断，宇宙初始阶段时光线十分强烈。
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dimmer” in Paragraph 4?
A．Brighter. B．Softer.
C．Clearer. D．Darker.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段before finally becoming black to human eyes...been totally dark可推断，这一阶段的天空会越来越暗淡和发红直到变为漆黑一片，由此可知dimmer意为“更加暗淡的”。
3．How old was the universe when it had the heat of summer?
A．4.3 million years old.
B．5 million years old.
C．11 million years old.
D．15 million years old.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段until the universe was about 10m years old...take about another 1m years to reach the temperature ... 可推断，宇宙在1000万年时气温变得可以忍受，再过100万年达到人类夏天的温度，可推测宇宙在1100 万岁时热度达到了夏天的水平。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The formation of stars.
B．The temperature of the Earth.
C．The development of the universe.
D．The achievements in space exploration.
C 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了宇宙从大爆炸开始逐步由热变冷的发展变化过程。
完形填空
A 92-year-old gentle but proud man moved to a nursing home.Each morning，he is fully 1 by eight o’clock，with his hair 2 combed and his face perfectly shaved，even though he is legally blind.
His 75-year-old wife recently 3 ，making the move necessary.After many hours of 4 patiently in the rest room of the nursing home，he smiled sweetly when told his room was 5 ．As he moved his walker to the elevator，I provided a visual description of his tiny room， 6 the curtain hanging before his window.
“I 7 it”，he stated with the joy of an eight-year-old child having just been 8 with a new toy.“Mr.Jones，you haven’t 9 the room yet，just wait.”I said.“That has 10 to do with it，” he replied.“Happiness is something you decide on 11 time.Whether I like my room or not doesn’t 12 on how the furniture is arranged；it’s how I arrange my 13 ．”“I have already decided to like it.It’s a 14 I make when I wake up every morning.I have a choice；I can spend the day in bed thinking of the 15 I have with the parts of my body that no longer work， 16 I can get out of bed and be thankful for the ones that still work.”
“Each day is a gift，and as long as my eyes open，I’ll enjoy the new day and all the 17 memories I have stored away.”“Old age is like a bank account.You 18 from what you’ve put in.”“So，my 19 to you would be to deposit(存放) a lot of happiness in the bank account of memories！Thank you for your part in 20 my memory bank.I am still depositing.”
【解题导语】 一位92岁的老人住进养老院，他把每一天看成是一份礼物，储存在记忆中的都是快乐的东西。
1．A.woken B．understood
C．dressed D．accepted
C 解析：根据后文with his hair ... face perfectly shaved可知，每天早上八点，老人就已经完全穿戴整齐。
2．A.fashionably B．normally
C．casually D．strangely
A 解析：虽然他看不见，但他把头发梳理得很时尚，脸刮得很干净。
3．A.turned back B．left off
C．went out D．passed away
D 解析：他七十五岁的妻子最近去世了，这让他很有必要搬到养老院。
4．A.laughing B．waiting
C．walking D．thinking
B 解析：根据前面的After many hours可知，他在养老院的休息室耐心地等候了几个小时。
5．A.popular B．empty
C．extra D．ready
D 解析：当被告知房间已经准备好了，他甜甜地笑了。
6．A.including B．except
C．through D．without
A 解析：我给他描述了他不大的房间，包括挂在窗前的窗帘。
7．A.remember B．love
C．respect D．find
B 解析：根据后文的with the joy可知，老人很高兴地说：“我喜欢这个房间”。
8．A.combined B．occupied
C．presented D．dealt
C 解析：老人高兴得像一个刚被赠送了一个新玩具的八岁小孩子一样开心。
9．A.known B．obtained
C．seen D．chosen
C 解析：根据上文语境可知，老人还没有到达房间就说很喜欢自己的房间，故作者内心存在疑惑，告诉老人：“您还没看过房间呢，稍等”。
10．A.much B．more
C．something D．nothing
D 解析：老人回答：“看没看过房间和自己是否喜欢这个房间之间并没有任何关系”。
11．A.in case of B．in favor of
C．ahead of D．regardless of
C 解析：根据语境可知，老人认为快乐是自己事先已经决定好了的。
12．A.focus B．drop
C．look D．depend
D 解析：老人说：“我是否喜欢这个房间不是取决于房间内的家具是如何摆设的”。
13．A.mind B．time
C．work D．money
A 解析：“而是取决于我如何安排我的想法”。下文即是他的想法。
14．A.comment B．decision
C．habit D．plan
B 解析：根据语境可知，快乐是老人每天早晨醒来所做的决定。
15．A.mistakes B．promises
C．debt D．difficulty
D 解析：根据后文parts of my body that no longer work可知，老人坏了的身体部位给他带来很多困难。
16．A.and B．but
C．or D．so
C 解析：“我也可以走下床，感激自己好的那些身体部位”。由前文choice可知，前后是选择关系，所以用or连接。
17．A.cheerful B．useful
C．painful D．successful
A 解析：根据上文Each day is a gift ...the new day可知，老人热爱生活，也享受他所储存的所有快乐的记忆。
18．A.borrow B．learn
C．save D．get
D 解析：根据上文可知，老人认为人的晚年就像银行，你储存了什么就会从中获得什么。
19．A.advice B．experience
C．dream D．example
A 解析：根据语境可知，老人建议作者应该储存很多幸福快乐的记忆。
20．A.building B．filling
C．donating D．designing
B 解析：老人感谢作者在他的晚年生活中为他所做的工作。
B卷
阅读理解
A
My dad, Elvin Elliott, always loves farming. Even though he turns 82 this year, he’ll be out on the tractor this summer, happily making hay for his 50 beef cows.
Last year I took a vacation day from work to shoot photos of Dad and my brother Terry, who takes time off every year to help with making hay. Terry says it’s still a vacation for him because he enjoys being out in the fresh air, driving a tractor and helping Dad. As I watched Dad work with Terry, I thought how lucky I was to grow up on our farm.
My mom, Uzelia, was a city girl, but she supported Dad’s dreams and became his best farmhand. They started in 1961 on a rented farm, tending 18 acres of tobacco and milking 18 cows. In 1975 they bought their own farm, and eventually milked as many as 130 Holsteins.
It was my job to drive the cows to the barn and bottle-feed the baby calves. Sometimes I’d have as many as 15 calves—and they all wanted to be fed at the same time. I used to tap them lightly on the nose with a stick. Before long they all knew to wait their turn. I would feed two, and when they finished, two more would come up.
My favorite haymaking memories are of break time, when we’d get “square nabs” peanut butter crackers and a Coke.
We sold our milk to Pine State Creamery. When it went out of business in 1989, Dad sold his Holsteins and got beef cows. And now, even though he’s been farming for nearly 55 years, Dad has no plan to retire anytime soon. And why should he? He’s doing exactly what he loves.
【解题导语】 作者的父亲虽然82岁了，但是仍然喜欢在农场里干活。
1．When it is time for Terry to work on the farm, he most probably feels ．
A．angry B．bored
C．surprised D．cheerful
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Terry says it’s still a vacation for him because he enjoys being out in the fresh air, driving a tractor and helping Dad.”可推断，Terry要去农场干活时很开心。
2．What were the Holsteins mainly raised for?
A．To sell for meat.
B．To produce milk.
C．To produce calves.
D．To work on the farm.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“In 1975 they bought their own farm, and eventually milked as many as 130 Holsteins.”可知，这些荷兰乳牛是用来产奶的。
3．What do we learn about the author’s father?
A．He has got too old to work.
B．He knows what he truly loves.
C．He lives a very boring life now.
D．He works hard to make a living.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的“And now, even though he’s been farming for nearly 55 years, Dad has no plan to retire anytime soon. And why should he? He’s doing exactly what he loves.”可推断，作者的父亲知道自己真正爱做的是什么。
4．The author tapped the calves lightly on the nose to ．
A．have fun with them
B．show them where food was
C．tell them more would come up
D．prevent them from crowding up
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“I used to tap them lightly on the nose with a stick. Before long they all knew to wait their turn.”可知，作者是为了阻止它们一拥而上。
B
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? ” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.
Why did we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You’re a lucky guy” or “You’re a lucky gal”， that’s being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Being wrapped(包裹) up in this expression is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says consist with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
【解题导语】 本文通过举例子来说明了如何理解别人和我们说的话，避免误解别人的意思。
5．When recalling things that have happened between our friends and us, we may ．
A．feel good to have friends standing by us
B．think it was a mistake to view some people as friends
C．misread some of our friends’ true feelings
D．keep looking back to find mistakes we’ve made
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.可知， 我们回忆起和朋友的交谈时， 会发现误解了朋友， 但是等我们知道时， 已经太晚了。
6．By saying “You’re a lucky dog”， the speaker ．
A．is just being friendly
B．expresses the same meaning as “You’re a lucky guy”
C．may have a hidden envious feeling
D．intends to put the listener down
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的But“lucky dog” ? There’s a bit of envy in those words.可知， 这句话的背后可能会藏着说话者的嫉妒之心。
7．In listening to a person, the important thing is ．
A．to listen carefully to how he utters his words
B．to observe his tone, his posture, and his clothes
C．to stop for a while and decide whether to believe him
D．to check his words against his manner, tone and posture
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says consist with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? 可知， D项为正确答案。
8．This passage tries to tell you how to ．
A．avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
B．say things appropriately to avoid mistakes
C．keep people always faithful to you
D．avoid regretting about making mistakes
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知， 主要是通过举例子来说明了如何理解别人和我们说的话， 避免误解别人的意思。
七选五
Productivity is of great importance to your success at work.If you’re not accomplishing enough throughout the day，consider how to manage your time.Here are several simple tips on increasing productivity：
Set your schedule for the next day the night before you leave the office.Arrange task that needs to be completed in order of importance.Even if you are interrupted by unexpected assignments or emergencies，you’ll know exactly what needs to be done when you return to your desk.1. Besides，you’ll get the satisfaction of crossing items off your “to do” list once you complete them.
Take a five-to ten-minute break when you are tired.2. You get to do so by taking a short walk down the hall to the water cooler，or even across the street for a cup of coffee.
Reduce your multi-tasking.Studies have shown that people who try to do two or more activities at once end up becoming distracted(注意力分散的)，and the quality of their work suffers.3.
Get rid of potential distractions.Although interruptions during the workday are inevitable，minimize them to the extent possible.4. When a co-worker is looking to shoot the breeze(闲聊)，let him or her know that you’re trying to finish a project，but would be happy to chat later.
5． The time you spend looking for misplaced papers each day is extra time you could be used to complete your work.Likewise，there are apps to help you sort and electronically organize your email inbox.Imagine the time you could save by no longer searching for hard-to-find emails!
A．Learn to be smart.
B．Keep your workspace clean.
C．If you have an office with a door，keep it closed.
D．In addition，start your day with the most important task.
E．Brief breaks from work can actually increase your productivity.
F．A good schedule can help to keep you organized and focused all the time.
G．So focus on one task at a time，complete it properly and move on to the next one.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高工作效率的几种方式。
1．F 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，与前一句构成递进关系，介绍良好的工作计划的好处。答案中的A good schedule与本段主题句中的schedule相呼应。
2．E 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，解释本段主题句的内容，说明短暂休息可以提高效率。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是一个总结句，与前几句构成因果关系，说明工作时要专注于一项工作。
4．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，介绍了排除干扰的方法之一。
5．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句，本段主要说明保持办公场所整洁的好处。
短文改错
I go shopping yesterday afternoon. It was seven o’clock when I was going home by bus. The bus was full of passenger, all of whom kept silent. A mother together with her little son were sitting nearby. Sudden, the son cried loudly. The mother tried to do that she could to make him to stop crying. However, the son went on crying. Before a long time, a man sitting next to the mother said angrily, “Why don’t you give child what he wants？” The mother answered quietly, “I would if I could, so what he wants is your hat.” Hear this, all the passengers burst into laughter.
答案：
I shopping yesterday afternoon. It was seven o’clock when I was going home by bus. The bus was full of ， all of whom kept silent. A mother together with her little son sitting nearby. ， the son cried loudly. The mother tried to do she could to make him stop crying. However, the son went on crying. a long time, a man sitting next to the mother said angrily, “Why don’t you give child what he wants？” The mother answered quietly, “I would if I could, what he wants is your hat.” this, all the passengers burst into laughter.
Section Ⅲ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
[学生用书P37]
War Memories
A
Do Chuc is a forty-eight-year-old① Vietnamese farmer whose two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers in My Lai that day②. He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village③ and ordered them from their homes. Together with④ other villagers they were marched a few hundred metres into the village square where they were told to sit⑤. “Still we had no reason to be afraid，” Chuc remembers. “Everyone was calm. We’d seen it all before.” Then, in surprise⑥ he watched as the soldiers set up⑦ a machine gun. The calm ended. The people began weeping⑧ and begging. One man showed his identification⑨ papers to a soldier, but the American simply said, “Sorry.” Then the shooting⑩ started. Chuc was wounded in the leg? and almost unconscious?， but he was covered by a pile? of dead bodies and thus saved. After waiting an hour, he fled? the village.
(Adapted from My Lai by Seymour Hersh)
①forty-eight-year-old是由“num.＋n.＋adj.”构成的复合形容词，常作前置定语，其中的名词用单数形式。
②whose two daughters...是whose引导的定语从句，修饰farmer。
③此处是was/were doing...when...结构，意为：正在做……这时……
④together with一起，一道
⑤此处的where引导定语从句，修饰square。
⑥in surprise吃惊地，惊奇地
⑦set up竖起；架起
⑧weep [wi?p] vt.&vi.哭泣，流泪
⑨identification n．身份
⑩shoot [?u?t] vi.& vt.射击
?be wounded in the leg伤了某人的腿部
?unconscious adj.失去知觉的
?pile [paIl] n．堆； a pile of 一堆……
?flee v．逃跑
战争记忆
A
杜沙是一个48岁的越南农民，他的两个女儿和一个姑姑在“美莱大屠杀”那天被美国兵杀害了。他和家里人正在吃早饭，美国兵令他们离开家。他们和其他村民一起被驱赶了几百米，走进了村里的广场，在那里他们被命令坐下。“我们仍然觉得没什么可怕的。”杜沙回忆道，“每个人都很平静。我们以前都经历过这样的事情。”接着，他吃惊地看到美国兵架起了一挺机关枪。人们无法再平静了，开始哭泣，乞求。一个男人给一个美国兵看他的身份证件，但是这个美国人只是说了句“对不起”。接下来，扫射开始了。杜沙腿部受了伤，几乎失去了知觉，但是他被一堆尸体盖住了，捡了一条命。等了一个小时后，他逃离了这个村子。
(摘选自西摩赫什的《美莱大屠杀》)
B
We were on the frontier? and on Christmas morning we stuck up? a board with “A Merry Christmas” on it. The enemy had stuck up a similar one. Two of our men then threw their equipment off? and climbed out of the trench? with their hands above their heads? as our representatives?. Two of the Germans did the same. They greeted( each other and shook hands(. Then we all got out of the trench. Bill (our officer) tried to prevent( it but it was too late so he and the other officers climbed out too. We and the Germans walked through the mud and met in the middle of no-man’s-land.
We spent all day with one another(. Some of them could speak English. By the look of them, their trenches were in as bad a state as( our own. One of their men, speaking in English(, remarked( that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with( this war and would be glad when it was over(. We told him he wasn’t the only one who was fed up with it. The German officer asked Bill if we would like a couple of( barrels of beer and they brought them over to us. Bill distributed( the beer among us and we consumed( the lot. The officers came to an understanding( that we would celebrate Christmas in peace( until midnight(.
Just before midnight we all decided not to start firing before they did. We’d formed a bond( and during the whole of Boxing Day we never fired a shot( and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling(. One of their men shouted across in English and asked how we had enjoyed the beer. We replied that we were very grateful( and spent the whole day chatting with them. That evening we were replaced( by other soldiers.
(Adapted from Old Soldiers Never Die by Frank Richards)
?frontier ['fr?nt??] n．边境，边界
on the frontier 在前线
?stick up 竖起
?throw...off 扔掉
?trench [trent?] n．沟，壕
?此处是with复合结构，其中介词短语作宾补。
?representative [?repr?'zent?t?v] n．代表
greet vt.问候；致意
shake hands 握手
prevent vt.阻止
one another 彼此
as bad a state as...和……一样糟糕的状态
speaking in English是现在分词作后置定语，修饰one of their men。
remark [rI'mɑ?k] vt.说起，谈到
be fed up with 极端厌烦……
两个that都引导宾语从句。
a couple of 几个
distribute [d?'str?bju?t] vt.分发，分配
consume [k?n'sju?m] vt.喝；消费，消耗
come to an understanding达成共识/协议
in peace和平地
that在此处引导同位语从句。
bond [b?nd] n．盟约
shot [??t] n．射击，开枪
set the ball rolling 带头；开始
grateful adj.感激的
replace vt.代替；取代
B
我们当时在前线，圣诞节那天早晨，我们竖起了一块牌子，上面写着“圣诞节快乐”。敌方也竖起了一块类似的牌子。我们的两个人作为代表，扔掉装备，把手举到头上从战壕中爬出来。两个德国人也这样做了。他们互相问候、握手。然后所有人都走出了战壕。比尔(我们的军官)想阻止，但是已经太晚了，因此他和其他军官也爬出了战壕。我们和德国人一起走过了泥地，在不属于任何一方的中间地带会面。
我们在一起待了一整天。他们有些人会说英语，从他们的样子看，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。他们之中有一个人会说英语，他说他在英格兰工作过好几年，他对这场讨厌的战争烦透了，如果战争结束他会感到很高兴的。我们告诉他不只是他一个人烦透了这场战争。德国军官问比尔想不想来几桶啤酒，然后他们就搬来了几桶。比尔在我们当中分发了啤酒，我们喝了很多。军官们一致认为我们将和平地庆祝圣诞节直到午夜时分。
就在午夜之前，我们都决定不在他们开枪之前开火。我们达成了盟约，整个节日我们一枪也没打，他们也没有打，每一方似乎都在等着另一方采取行动。他们有个人用英语喊过来，问我们啤酒味道怎么样。我们回应说很感激他们，然后一整天都在和他们聊天。到了傍晚另外一些士兵取代了我们的位置。
(摘选自弗兰克理查兹的《老兵不死》)
C
I got a phone call from the chief nurse, saying, “You’ve got a patient there that is going to get an award(. Make sure that the ward( looks good.”This really turned me off( to begin with: “Let’s clean up the ward because we’ve got VIPs coming in.”Well, the VIPs happened to( be a general and a group of about twelve people.This patient still had fresh scars( from his first visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off(—he was all of about twenty years old.When he was waking up after the surgeon( had finished putting bandages( on what was left of his legs(, he whispered(: “Don’t you remember me, ma’am？” I said, “Oh yeah！” But really I didn’t because there were so many of them.The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number twenty thousand to come through this hospital.They had this little ceremony, saluted( him, and then gave him a Purple Heart and a watch. As the general handed him the watch(, “from the army, to show our appreciation(，” the kid more or less( threw the watch back at him. He said something like, “I can’t accept this, sir; it’s not going to help me walk.” After this little incident, I went over( and took him in my arms(. If I remember correctly, I started sobbing( and I think he was crying too. I really admired him for that. I swear( that it was the only time I let somebody see what I felt. It took a lot for him to do that, and it sort of( said what this war was all about to me.
(Adapted from A Piece of My Heart by Keith Walker)
award n．奖；奖品
ward [w??d] n．病房
turn sb. off 使某人厌烦
happen to do...碰巧做……
scar [skɑ?] n．伤痕，伤疤
blow off 炸掉
此处是have ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词，意为：遭受某种不幸的事情。
surgeon ['s??d??n] n．外科医生
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n．绷带
此处的what引导宾语从句。
whisper vi.耳语；低语
salute [s?'lu?t] vt.向……致敬
hand sb. sth.递给某人某物
appreciation n．感激；欣赏
more or less差不多，或多或少
go over 走过去
take sb. in one’s arms拥抱某人
sob [s?b] vi.抽泣，呜咽
swear [swe?] vi.发誓
sort of 有几分，有点儿
C
我接到护士长的电话，她说：“你那儿有个病人要得奖了，一定把病房弄得整洁些。”这话一开始就让我很反感，“是大人物要来才收拾病房吧。”噢，这些大人物碰巧是位将军和大约12人的陪同团。这个病人还带着第一次在我们这里住院时留下的新伤疤，而这次他的双腿被炸掉了——他也就20岁左右。在医生用绷带包扎好他的腿剩下的部分后，他醒了过来，低声说：“难道你不记得我了吗，女士？”我答道：“哦，我记得！”但实际上我记不起来他是谁，因为病人实在太多了。将军来给他颁奖是因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个伤员。他们举行了一个小的颁奖仪式，向他敬礼，然后授予他一枚紫心勋章和一块表。当将军将那块“来自军部，象征我们的感谢”的表递给他时，这个孩子几乎是将表一把扔回给他。他说了几句话，大意是：“我不要这块表，长官；它不能帮我走路。”在这一小插曲之后，我走过去伸出手臂拥抱了他。如果我没记错的话，我当时哭了。我想他也哭了。我确实很佩服他当时那么做。我发誓那是唯一一次我让别人看见我的真实感受。他那么做很需要勇气，也多少表达了我对这场战争的看法。
(摘选自凯斯沃克的《心之彼方》)
D
ME AND AN ACQUAINTANCEB60 WERE WALKING behind an English pub once, going back to our base, and we saw one of our planes come overB61 heading westwards B62 forB63 an American base just across the valley.One of its engines was on fireB64 and we saw it hit the ground. We didn’t know if it still had its bombs aboard or if it was coming back from Germany, so we didn’t dare go near it. I tried to phone the American base, but I couldn’t get throughB65. The line just didn’t workB66. A handfulB67 of fire fighters came, but nobody dared to go near the plane because it was on fire and we couldn’t find out if it still had its bombs and tanksB68 full of petrol.We were scared the whole thing would go up like fireworksB69 and take us with it. The crewB70 couldn’t get outB71 and we could hear the men screaming and shouting and there was nothing we could do because of the bombs. They died, five of them. Then we found out later they had just been out for a training session.
(Adapted from Six War Years by Barry Broadfoot)
acquaintance [?'kwe?nt?ns] n．相识的人
make one’s acquaintance结识某人
come over (越过障碍或从较远处)过来
westwards ['westw?dz] adv.向西
head for...朝着……前进
on fire着火(表示状态)
catch fire着火(表示动作)
get through打通电话
work vi.运转
handful ['h?ndf?l] n．少数，一些
a handful of一把，少数几个
tank n．邮箱；坦克
firework ['fa??w??k] n．烟火，烟花
crew n．全体成员
get out 出来
D
有一次我和一个同伴经过一个英国酒馆后面，准备走回我们的营地，我们看到一架自己的飞机正在越过山谷向西朝着一个美军基地飞去。飞机的一个引擎着火了，我们看着它栽到了地上。我们不知道飞机上还有没有炸弹，或是不是从德军那边飞过来的，所以不敢靠近。我给美国营地打电话，但是打不通。这条电话线坏了。几个消防队员赶到了，但由于飞机还在着火，我们又无法确定上面是否仍有炸弹，是否还装满了汽油，所以没有人敢靠近它。我们害怕整个飞机会像烟花一样爆炸，将我们卷进去。机组人员不能出来，我们能听见那些人在尖叫、呼喊，但由于担心炸弹我们束手无策。他们死了，五个人都死了。后来我们发现他们只是在执行一次训练任务。
(摘选自巴里布罗德福特的《战争六年》)
[学生用书P40]
Read the passage on P24－25 and choose the best answer.
1．The troops got together on Christmas Day because ．
A．they had planned it in advance
B．they got along with each other
C．they were tired of the war
D．the officers declared peace
2．The nurse wasn’t enthusiastic about the award ceremony from the start because ．
A．she had to clean up the ward
B．she didn’t like the chief nurse’s attitude to the VIPs
C．the patient had been badly wounded
D．the patient started to cry
3．The soldiers did not go near the plane because ．
A．there was danger of an explosion
B．it had full tanks
C．it had bombs on board
D．they had no permission
4．Which of the following about Part C is RIGHT?
A．When hearing one of my patients got an award, I was very glad.
B．When the wounded received the award, he was more than a little happy.
C．I often cried before my patients.
D．As a nurse, I rarely showed my real emotion to the patients.
答案：1—4.CBAD
[学生用书P40]
1．subscribe vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)
2．shoot vt.& vi. 射击
3．remark vt. 说起， 谈到
4．salute vt. 向……致敬
5．swear vi. 发誓
6．acquaintance n. 相识的人
7．handful n. 少数，一些
8．appoint vt.任命， 委任→appointment n．约会； 任命
9．possession n．私有物品→possess v．拥有
10．contradict vt.反驳， 纠正→contradictory adj.对立的；相矛盾的
11．security n．安全→secure adj.安全的
12．unconscious adj.失去知觉的→conscious adj.有意识的
13．representative n．代表→represent vt.代表
14．greet vt.问候， 致意→greeting n．问候
15．distribute vt.分发， 分配→distribution n．分配
16．consume vt.喝； 消费， 消耗→consumer n．消费者
1．stand up for 保护， 维护
2．put forward 提议， 提出
3．give in 让步， 屈服
4．send for 派人去叫……
5．call in 请(某人)
6．keep off 减去
7．hold out (在困境中)坚持
8．come about 发生
1．不定式作后置定语
The worst thing to do(所做的最坏的事情) when someone is angry is to be angry back.
2．as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...和……一样的一个……
By the look of them, their trenches were in as bad a state as our own(和我们一样糟糕的状态)．
3．that引导同位语从句
The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas(我们会庆祝圣诞节) in peace until midnight.
4．have＋宾语＋done 使……被……
This patient still had fresh scars from his first visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off(他的双腿被炸掉了)．..
5．what 引导名词性从句
When he was waking up after the surgeon had finished putting bandages on what was left of his legs(他的腿剩下的部分), he whispered...
[学生用书P41]
stand up for 保护， 维护； 支持； 坚持
①(教材P22)Do you stand up for yourself?
你自我保护吗？
②We must dare to stand up for the truth and dare to correct mistakes.
我们要敢于坚持真理， 也要敢于改正错误。
stand by 支持； 袖手旁观；
信守承诺； 准备行动
stand for 代表， 象征， 主张， 支持
stand on one’s own feet 独立， 自立谋生
stand out 突出， 显眼， 出色
stand up 站立， (论点等)站得住脚
stand up to... 经得住……， 勇于面对……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We knew they would stand by us no matter what happened.
(2)I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.
put forward 提议， 提出(主意、 计划等); 推举， 提名； 提前， 把(钟表等)向前拨
①(教材P22)Do you talk it over with them and put forward a solution?
你跟他们仔细讨论并提出解决办法了吗？
②My watch was slow, so I put it forward.
我的表慢了， 所以我把它朝前拨了拨。
put aside 把……搁在一边， 储蓄
put away 把……收拾好/放好， 储存
put back 放回原处， 把……向后拨
put off 推迟， 延期
put on 穿/戴上， 增加， 上演(戏剧等)
put out 扑灭， 出版， 生产
put up 张贴， 举起， 搭建， 供给膳宿
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The exam results will be put up on Monday morning.
(2)Your own personal robot will put away books that you have left on the floor or bed.
①(教材P22)Do you give in and lend them to her?
你会让步并把它们借给她吗？
②It’s quite wrong of her to give in to her child and give him whatever he wants.
她向自己的孩子让步， 他要什么就给他什么， 这是非常错误的。
give away 赠送； 泄露， 出卖
give back 归还； 恢复
give off 发出(光、 热、 气味等)
give out 分发； 发布； 发出(声音、 光、 气体等); 耗尽
give up 放弃
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)She gave away all her money to the poor.
(2)Ten days later, she gave the money back to me.
(3)She won’t give up easily; she’s a real fighter.
①(教材P22)Do you shout at the waiter, send for the manager and refuse to pay your bill?
你会冲服务生吼叫， 要求见经理并且拒付账单吗？
②She told me that she was to send for it the next morning.
她告诉我， 她第二天早晨就派人去拿。
send away 打发走
send back 退还； 送回
send in 递送； 呈交
send off 寄出
send out 分发； 发出
send up 发射
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Please don’t send me away; I want to be near you!
(2)If you are not happy with it, you can always send it back．
(3)Keep sending your letters and suggestions in to the BBC.
(4)Have the invitations been sent out yet?
subscribe vi.订阅(杂志或报纸); 同意； 捐赠
vt.捐助； 签署， 题词
①(教材P22)You subscribe to a magazine and you keep getting it late.
你订阅了一份杂志而且每次拿到都很晚。
②I subscribe to Times magazine every year.
我每年都订阅《时代》杂志。
subscribe to 订阅； 同意； 捐赠
subscribe...to... 在……上签字； 向……捐赠
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We often subscribe to an animal protection society.
(2)He subscribed a large sum to the relief fund.
call in 请(某人); 要求退回
①(教材P22)Do you accuse your neighbour of stealing and tell her you’ll call in the police next time?
你会指责你的邻居偷盗并告诉她下一次你会叫警察吗？
②Police have been called in to help the poor man.
已经请警察帮助这个可怜的男人了。
call on 号召
call at 停留； 拜访
call for 要求； 需要
call off 取消； 停止进行
call up 给……打电话； 使回想起
call out 召集； 大声叫
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The government calls on us to protect the environment.
(2)I have decided to call her up for some advice.
appoint vt.任命， 委任
①(教材P134)Do you know I was appointed head of the student union?
你知道我被任命为学生会主席了吗？
②We need to appoint a new school secretary.
我们需要任命一位新的校秘书。
(1)appoint sb.to sth. 任命某人……职位
appoint sb.to do sth. 任命某人做某事
appoint sb.as sth. 任命某人担任某职
(2)appointment n. 任命； 约会
make an appointment with sb. 和某人约会
(3)appointed adj. 指定的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)They will appoint a young man to assist(assist) you.
(2)She was the first woman to be appointed(appoint) to the board.
(3)I’d like to make an appointment with the doctor.
possession n．私有物品， 财产； 拥有
①(教材P135)You’re always going off with my possessions and not giving them back.
你总是拿走我的东西， 从不归还。
②Many people lost their homes and all their possessions in the earthquake.
许多人在地震中失去了他们的家园和所有的财产。
③He was caught in possession of stolen goods/with stolen goods in his possession.
他人赃并获。
(1)in possession of＝in one’s possession
拥有， 占有
in the possession of 被……占有(拥有)
take possession of 拥有， 占有
have possession of 拥有， 占有
(2)possess vt. 占有； 拥有
常见的表示“占有， 拥有”的短语：
(1)in possession of “拥有， 占有”的主语常是人， 介词短语， 表主动。
(2)in the possession of主语常是事物， 介词短语， 表达“被……占有(拥有)”。
(3)have possession of “拥有， 占有”， 是延续性动词短语。
(4)take possession of “拥有， 占有”， 是非延续性动词短语。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)The company is in the possession of Mr. Li.
(2)We can’t take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.
(3)Could you tell us who is it that possesses(possess) this garden?
[能力提升]——一句多译
这个女孩拥有这个花园三年了。
(4)The girl took possession of the garden three years ago.
(5)The girl has had possession of the garden for three years.
(6)The girl has been in possession of the garden for three years.
(7)The garden has been in the possession of the girl for three years.
remark vt.说起， 谈到 n．意见， 评论
①(教材P24)One of their men, speaking in English, remarked that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.
他们之中有一个人会说英语， 他说他在英格兰工作过好几年， 他对这场讨厌的战争烦透了， 如果战争结束他会感到很高兴的。
②Tom left the office hurriedly, remarking that he had some work to do.
汤姆匆匆忙忙地离开了办公室，说他还有事情要做。
(1)remark on/upon... 就……发表意见/评论
remark that... 谈到；说起
(2)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见；对……
评头论足
(3)remarkable adj. 值得注意的；显著的；
非凡的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)Tom remarked on/upon his trip to Beijing, saying that it was an unforgettable experience.
(2)President Xi Jinping made a remarkable speech on the 13th National People’s Congress. His remarks inspired all the Chinese people.(remark)
(3)The customers made some good remark about our service.remark→remarks
distribute vt.分发， 分配， 发送； 提供； 分布
①(教材P24) Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed the lot.
比尔在我们当中分发了啤酒， 我们喝了很多。
②(2016·上海卷)She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in which she distributed it to children.
她把食物带到难民营，在那里分给孩子们。
(1)distribute...to... 把……分配给……
distribute...among sb. 在某人中间分配……
(2)distribution n. 分发， 分配， 分送； 分布
(3)distributed adj. 分布的； 分配的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Please distribute books among the students.
(2)This country has a very unequal distribution(distribute) of income and wealth.
(3)This species of butterfly is widely distributed(distribute) over our country.
(教材P23) The worst thing to do when someone is angry is to be angry back.
当有人生气时， 所做的最坏的事情就是向对方发火。
此处的to do 为不定式作后置定语， 与所修饰的名词The worst thing之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
动词不定式作定语， 通常放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后， 与其修饰词之间往往有主谓关系或动宾关系。在此类主谓或动宾关系中， 不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only、 last、 next、 序数词、 形容词最高级等修饰。
I am always the first person to get to school every day.
每天我总是第一个到达学校。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)那天他是最后一个离开办公室的人。
He was the last one to leave the office that day.
(2)她是村里唯一一个通过驾照考试的人。
She was the only one to pass the driving test in the village.
(3)现在要做的最开心的事情是拥抱我的教练。
The happiest thing to do now is to hug my coach.
(教材P25)This patient still had fresh scars from his first visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off—he was all of about twenty years old.
这个病人还带着第一次在我们这里住院时留下的新疤痕， 而这次他的双腿被炸掉了——他也就20岁左右。
句中的had both his legs blown off是“have＋宾语＋宾补” 结构。“have＋宾语＋宾补”常见形式：
(1)have＋宾语＋do sth.让某人/某物做某事
(2)have＋宾语＋doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事(其否定形式意为：不允许某人/某物做某事)
(3)have＋宾语＋done 使某人/某物被……； 遭受……
The boss had his assistant buy some food for us.
老板让他的助理去为我们买些食物。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Don’t worry, for I will have the car waiting(wait) outside.
(2)He had us laughing(laugh) during the lunchtime.
(教材P25) When he was waking up after the surgeon had finished putting bandages on what was left of his legs, he whispered：“Don’t you remember me, ma’am? ”
在医生用绷带包扎好他的腿剩下的部分后， 他醒了过来， 低声说：“难道你不记得我了吗， 女士？ ”
本句为主从复合句， what引导了一个名词性从句， 作介词on的宾语； 其中疑问代词what在从句中充当主语。
Once upon a time life was completely different from what it is today.
从前的生活与现在的生活完全不同。
what和that都可以引导名词性从句。what引导名词性从句， 在从句中充当句子成分， 意为：……的人/事物； that 引导名词性从句， 没有实际意义， 只起连接作用。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public.
(2)I have no idea what has made her so sad.
(3) What excited us was that we had won the first prize.
(4)That we had won the first prize excited us.
品句填词
1．Which journals does the library (订阅) to?
答案：subscribe
2．She has recently been (任命) to the committee.
答案：appointed
3．Most people hate watching (电视广告) between TV series.
答案：commercials
4．Do you get (零花钱) from your parents every week?
答案：allowance
5．Have you made any New Year’s (计划)?
答案：resolutions
6．He (处理) the question as a scientist.
答案：approached
7．I can’t (忍受) such behavior.
答案：tolerate
8．Where did you make his (相识)?
答案：acquaintance
9．The man was found lying (失去知觉的) on the floor.
答案：unconscious
10．The committee includes 5 (代表) from industry.
答案：representatives
单句改错
1．Appointing as our group leader, he works much harder.
答案：Appointing→Appointed
2．It is said that the new car is in possession of a young man.
答案：in后加the
3．He made no remark to my new design, which annoyed me.
答案：to→on
4．The foods and drinks distributed among the old and the children.
答案：distributed前加were
5．Seeing the boy was ill, he asked me to send to a doctor at once.
答案：第二个to→for
完成句子
1．会上要讨论的第一件事就是怎样保护环境。
at the meeting is how to protect the environment.
答案：The first thing to discuss
2．看到我的长头发， 妈妈让我马上去理发。
Seeing my long hair, my mother asked me at once.
答案：to have my hair cut
3．大约两天后， 我们到了一个叫作“平安” 的地方。
About two days later, we arrived at ．
答案：what was called “Ping’an”
4．袁博士认为出名会给他更少的自由去享受生活。
Dr. Yuan thinks that it will give him less freedom to be famous.
答案：to enjoy his life
5．这位老太太在购物时， 钱包被人偷了。
While doing some shopping, the old woman ．
答案：had her purse stolen
课文语篇改错
The whole passage consist of four stories about war. The first one tells a story of Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer whom two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers.He was wounded in the leg, but he covered by dead bodies and thus saved. The second story took place in Christmas morning. After a long time of battle, the soldiers were fed up to the neck with the war. But the officers came to an understanding what they would celebrate Christmas in peace until midnight. The third story happened in a hospital about a brave young soldier who didn’t accept the watch as a award. The last one is about the crew who was on a training station. When their plane hit the ground and was on the fire, no one dared to go nearly the plane, not knowing if the plane still had bombs aboard. At last, they all died.
答案：
The whole passage of four stories about war. The first one tells a story of Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers.He was wounded in the leg, but he covered by dead bodies and thus saved. The second story took place Christmas morning. After a long time of battle, the soldiers were fed up to the neck with the war. the officers came to an understanding they would celebrate Christmas in peace until midnight. The third story happened in a hospital about a brave young soldier who didn’t accept the watch as award. The last one is about the crew who on a training station. When their plane hit the ground and was on fire, no one dared to go the plane, not knowing if the plane still had bombs aboard. At last, they all died.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Students are (constant) complaining that they have too much homework to do.
答案：constantly
2．A much better way must be found to achieve an equal (distribute) of the resources.
答案：distribution
3．A war broke out in the United States in the 19th century to liberate black people from (slave)．
答案：slavery
4．The (secure) is so bad here that anyone can simply walk in and take what he wants.
答案：security
5．Tom was badly hurt and still (conscious) after the accident, which made us worried.
答案：unconscious
6．You are a (represent) of your class, so remember to behave in good manners.
答案：representative
7．He won the golf match by two (shoot)．
答案：shoots
8．The shop is often full of (consume) on Sundays.
答案：consumers
9．We invited thirty people, but only a (hand) of them came.
答案：handful
10．The love story has a happy (end)．
答案：ending
阅读理解
A
Life Is Magic by Meg McLaren
Review by Beth, aged 6
This picture book is about a rabbit turning a magician into a rabbit.It was really funny.My favorite bit was when the rabbit turned the magician into a rabbit！Anyone who is aged four to eight who likes magic and funny stories will love this book.
Lottie Potter Wants an Otter(水獭) by Jeanne Willis
Review by Kitty, aged 6
This picture book is about a little girl who wants an otter.The otter that she gets is a bad otter.So she tries to take the otter back but the shopkeeper isn’t there any more.
I liked it because it was a bit funny and good.I think anyone would like it.
Time Travelling with a Hamster by Ross Welford
Review by Chloe, aged 9
A boy’s dad has died and on his birthday he gets a letter from Dad.The letter tells him to go to his old house and time travel to when his dad was alive and younger.He must save his dad from getting something in his head that made him die.
This book was really interesting and a bit sad at the end.People who are in year three and like sad and mysterious books would like this one.
Somersaults and Dreams: Rising Star by Cate Shearwater
Review by Annabelle, aged 10
This book is about gymnastics, friendship, fun and dreams.The main character is a girl called Ellie and she is a thoughtful girl who is good at gymnastics.She is facing a big challenge to qualify for the British Championships.
I really liked this book.This book also has a lot in it about real-life people and things that are important in a gymnast’s career.
Girls who are aged eight to eleven who have an interest in gymnastics would love this book.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本儿童书籍。
1．What do we know about Life Is Magic?
A．It is a book for magicians.
B．It is based on Beth’s rabbit.
C．It is for readers over 8.
D．It is an amusing book.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Life Is Magic by Meg McLaren中的It was really funny.可知，这本书很有趣。
2．Which book is about family ties?
A．Life Is Magic.
B．Lottie Potter Wants an Otter.
C．Time Travelling with a Hamster.
D．Somersaults and Dreams：Rising Star.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Time Travelling with a Hamster by Ross Welford中的A boy’s dad has died and on his birthday he gets a letter from Dad.可知，这本书是关于父子亲情的。
3．What do these four books have in common?
A．They are kid-friendly books.
B．They have happy endings.
C．They tell real-life stories.
D．They are best-sellers.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据四本书中推荐阅读的年龄段以及picture book可知，四本书都是儿童读物。
B
The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin，derived from the Greek word pēktos meaning solid or clotted. The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese. The first major innovation that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping. It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeast-based flatbread，and so the pizza began.
While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza，it is however believed that modern pizza was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples. In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza，Pizza Margherita，was invented in 1890，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita. Of the three different pizzas he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag：red(tomato), green(basil)，and white(mozzarella)．Supposedly，this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita.
Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world：
·The first pizzeria，Antica Pizzeria Port’Alba，was opened in 1830 in Naples.
·In North America，the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City.
·The first Pizza Hut，the chain of pizza restaurants appeared in the United States in 1958.
·Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
4．What’s mainly talked about in the text?
A．Ways of making pizza.
B．The history of pizza.
C．Varieties of pizza.
D．Stories about pizza.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin”以及文章的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
5．Which can replace the underlined word“derived”in Paragraph 1?
A．Separated. B．Adapted.
C．Originated. D．Transformed.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的“but the word pizza...or clotted”可知，此处说的是比萨起源于希腊单词“pēktos”，故画线词意为“发源，开始”，故选C。
6．How was pizza first started?
A．Ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.
B．People in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping.
C．Raffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag.
D．Queen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料，由此开创了比萨这种食品，故选B。
7．What can be learned from the text?
A．Pizza remains popular around the world.
B．The first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples.
C．The taste of pizza stays the same over time.
D．Gennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world”和“Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.”可知，比萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎，故选A。
七选五
The causes of childhood obesity(肥胖) are usually related to lifestyle choices.1. They include conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.According to the World Health Organization, a child is considered obese if his or her Body Mass Index(BMI) is greater than 30.
One of the primary causes of childhood obesity is a lack of physical activity.A Kaiser Family Foundation study found that most children spend an average of 44.5 hours a week either watching television or using a computer.These children continue to consume calories, but do not burn those calories by doing exercise.2.
Television viewing often goes hand in hand with snacking on calories, another primary cause of childhood obesity.High calorie snacks are often available to children from vending machines(自动售货机) at school.3. So they frequently eat unhealthy snacks rather than nutritional meals.
4． For many children and adolescents, going to a fast food restaurant is the most convenient way of getting a quick and inexpensive lunch.The food at fast food restaurants is usually lacking in fresh fruits and vegetables.
Genetic causes of childhood obesity are sometimes difficult to diagnose.In some families, poor eating habits are passed from parents to their children.5. Research suggests that some obese children share a genetic abnormality that may be the cause of their weight gain.
A．Therefore, these extra calories are changed into fat.
B．The snacks are convenient and often appealing to children.
C．Frequent consumption of fast food contributes to childhood obesity.
D．However, some children do have a genetic tendency for overweight.
E．Health experts recommend several ways to prevent childhood obesity.
F．Childhood obesity can lead to a lot of other health problems in children.
G．In addition, there can be many psychological effects of childhood obesity.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是导致儿童肥胖的几个原因。
1．F 解析：此空设于段中，承接下文，根据下句中的high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes可知，这里指儿童肥胖症可导致很多其他的健康问题。
2．A 解析：此空设于段尾，承接上文，与前一句形成因果关系，介绍多余的热量变为脂肪。
3．B 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下，介绍这些零食方便并且能吸引儿童。
4．C 解析：此空设于段首，是一个主旨句，本段主要介绍经常吃快餐也会导致儿童肥胖。
5．D 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句形成转折关系，家庭饮食习惯是有影响，但某些儿童在基因上的确有容易肥胖的倾向。
B卷
阅读理解
You surely want to take a good school yearbook photo, for you only get to do it once, and it’s what people remember you by for the whole school year. Learn how to look good and look natural in your yearbook photo with these simple tips.
·Practice smiling in a mirror.
It sounds crazy, but figuring out how to make a natural looking smile for the camera does need a little preparation. Don’t be shy! Just imagine you are in front of a camera—hold your head high, look straight into the mirror and smile. Keep practicing until you find out your most attractive smiling face.
·Choose your color wisely.
In yearbook photos, lots of people look good in darker colors because they draw attention to the face. Generally, white often isn’t the best choice because it can make your skin look a bit gray, especially if you’re pale. Besides, stay away from super(超级的) bright colors (bright yellow, bright blue) unless you’re really sure they make you look perfect.
·Avoid unnecessary details.
Busy patterns draw attention to themselves in yearbook photos, not to your face and smile. Save them for your everyday fashion experiments. Besides, have your clothes prepared for the day when the yearbook photo is taken. The last thing you want to do is pick out the perfect thing to wear, only to find that it’s in the laundry.
·Avoid big changes to your appearance.
Big changes may not turn out the way you hope. Leave some time to do your hair, such as combing(梳头) it up right before the yearbook photo is taken. Don’t overdo it, since you want your hair to stay in one place and your face to draw all the attention, but go for the “less is more” approach.
【解题导语】 本文主要为大家提供了一些关于如何准备才能拍出自然好看的学校年鉴照片的建议。
1．The best title of this passage is ．
A．How to Make Yourself Look Good
B．How to Do When Taking a School Photo
C．How to Get Ready for Your School Photo-Taking
D．How to Make a Good School Photo Book
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中Learn how to look good and look natural in your yearbook photo with these simple tips.一句以及下文的建议可知本文为大家提供了一些关于如何准备才能拍出自然好看的学校年鉴照片的建议， 故选项C正确。
2．A bright yellow shirt is not a good choice for taking photos because ．
A．it reflects light with the brightness
B．it makes people look gray and pale
C．it draws more attention than the face
D．it suits nobody in front of a camera
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二条建议lots of people look good in darker colors because they draw attention to the face一句， 可知深些的颜色有助于把注意力集中在脸上， 那么过于鲜艳的颜色作用恰恰相反， 故答案选C。
3．The underlined part “less is more” in the last paragraph means ．
A．common hair style is more attractive than the over-done
B．simple hair style makes your face more attractive
C．spending less time on hair makes you look more attractive
D．combing the hair up right costs less time but means more
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Don’t overdo it, since you want your hair to stay in one place and your face to draw all the attention, but go for the “less is more” approach.可知不要让你的发型“喧宾夺主” , 故less is more意为：不要在发型上花费太多心思， 这样就会更有吸引力。答案B正确。
4．During the preparation for photo-taking ．
A．a camera is needed
B．clothes should be in the laundry
C．fashion should be perfectly showed
D．big changes are not needed
D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Big changes may not turn out the way you hope.一句可知， 不要在外表上做太大改动。故答案D正确。
完形填空
When hard times came, the depression settled over my soul.The park bench was 1 as I sat down to read beneath an old willow tree.A young boy out of breath 2 me, all tired from play.He stood right before me with his head tilted(倾斜的) down, saying in great 3 ， “Look what I found！”
In his hand was a flower, and what a 4 sight, with its petals(花瓣) all worn—not enough rain, or too little light. 5 him to take his flower away and go off to play, I 6 a small smile and then shifted away.But instead of 7 ， he sat next to my 8 and placed the flower to his nose and declared with surprise, “It surely smells sweet and it’s beautiful, too.That’s why I 9 it; here, it’s for you.”
The flower before me was dying or dead.But I knew I must 10 it, or he might never leave.So I reached for the flower, and 11 ， “Just what I need.” But instead of placing the flower in my hand, he 12 it mid-air without reason.It was then that I 13 for the very first time the boy was 14 ．
I heard my voice shake, tears shone like the sun 15 I thanked him for picking the very best one.He smiled, and then ran off to play, 16 of the effect he’d had on my day.
I sat there and 17 how he managed to see a self-pitying woman beneath an old willow tree.How did he know of my 18 ？Perhaps from his heart, he’d been blessed with true 19 ．
Through the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not connected with the world; the problem was me.And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed(发誓) to see 20 ， and appreciate every second that’s mine.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇故事类短文。作者在情绪低落时， 有个双目失明的男孩摘了一朵花给作者， 虽然那朵花即将凋零， 但是作者感悟到人生还有很多美好的事物， 不必沉溺于自己的悲伤之中。
1．A.faded B．unoccupied
C．worn D．untidy
B 解析：文章中表示公园的长椅还未被占用， 故选B。
2．A.overlooked B．approached
C．understood D．stopped
B 解析：由后文可知此处表示一个小男孩靠近“我”身边， 故选B。
3．A.excitement B．sorrow
C．trouble D．panic
A 解析：由后文可知男孩对于自己找到的东西很激动， 从后句的感叹号也可看出， 故选A。
4．A.unique B．rough
C．bothering D．pitiful
D 解析：unique独特的； rough粗糙的； bothering困扰的； pitiful遗憾的。从后句花的花瓣都凋谢了可看出这朵花让人觉得很可惜， 故选D。
5．A.Expecting B．Demanding
C．Persuading D．Inviting
A 解析：由下文可知此处表示希望男孩可以带着他的花走远， 故选A。
6．A.played B．adjusted
C．forced D．delivered
C 解析：作者心情不好， 应该是勉强地挤出一个笑脸， 故选C。
7．A.declining B．accepting
C．refusing D．quitting
D 解析：decline拒绝； accept接受； refuse拒绝； quit放弃。由后文可知男孩没有离开作者， 而是坐在作者边上， 故选D。
8．A.side B．way
C．shoulder D．direction
A 解析：作者坐在长椅上， 男孩应该是坐在作者边上， 故选A。
9．A.spotted B．pulled
C．sold D．picked
D 解析：男孩是采摘了花朵， 故选D。
10．A.bring B．fetch
C．take D．smell
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处意为：但是“我”知道“我”必须拿着这朵花，否则这个小男孩不会离开。故选C。
11．A.shouted B．whispered
C．listened D．replied
D 解析：此处指作者回复了男孩的请求， 故选D。
12．A.seized B．held
C．caught D．grasped
B 解析：花朵本来就是在男孩手里， 他不用再去抓， 只要握住它， 故选B。
13．A.convinced B．explored
C．noticed D．refused
C 解析：此外句意为：“我”这才注意到男孩双目失明， 故选C。
14．A.strange B．blind
C．deaf D．unimaginable
B 解析：根据文章最后一段的Through the eyes of a blind child可知选B。
15．A.once B．after
C．as D．since
C 解析：作者在感谢男孩的同时声音哽咽、流泪了， 故选C。
16．A.unaware B．ashamed
C．regretful D．regardless
A 解析：unaware未意识到的； ashamed感到羞愧的； regretful遗憾的； regardless不管不顾的。男孩看不到， 所以意识不到他对作者的影响， 故选A。
17．A.doubted B．felt
C．found D．wondered
D 解析：男孩双目失明， 所以作者对他如何能注意到自己感到好奇， 故选D。
18．A.embarrassment B．adventure
C．discouragement D．effort
C 解析：embarrassment尴尬； adventure冒险； discouragement灰心丧气； effort努力。第一段的When hard times came, the depression settled over my soul.表明主人公灰心丧气， 故选C。
19．A.sense B．sight
C．hearing D．ability
B 解析：男孩虽然眼睛看不见， 但他的心能看见， 选 B。
20．A.beauty B．comfort
C．fantasy D．love
A 解析：此处句意为：“我”应该要去发现世界上美好的东西。
语法填空
You are twenty-one years old and live a happy and 1. (peace) life. But one day, your doctor tells you that you have a serious disease and will die soon. What would you do? 2. (probable) most of us might feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future. Here is 3. the great scientist, Stephen Hawking, did.
Hawking wasn’t 4. (discourage) because of his physical condition. Instead, he went on 5. his study of the universe. In 2002, Hawking 6. (invite) to China. He told Chinese students about his theories and thoughts on some of the greatest questions: what is time, how the universe began, and what are black holes. He impressed the audience with his humor, confidence and of course his 7. (wise).
Hawking became famous in the early 1970s. In 1988, he wrote A Brief History of Time, in 8. he explained difficult theories in a simple way. The book 9. (sell) well since it came out.
Stephen Hawking is a man with a strong will and he is regarded as 10. (great) mind in physics since Albert Einstein.
1．peaceful 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词修饰名词。peaceful adj.平静的。
2．Probably 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。
3．what 解析：考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句且在从句中作did的宾语。
4．discouraged 解析：考查词性转换。此处是作表语，表示人的心理。故用discouraged。
5．with 解析：考查介词的用法。go on with...继续……
6．was invited 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据in 2002可知，是一般过去时，且此处是被动意义。
7．wisdom 解析：考查词性转换。his后接名词。wisdom n．智慧。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处是in ＋ which引导的定语从句。意为：在这本书中……
9．has been selling 解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的since可知，用现在完成进行时。sell此处用主动形式表示被动意义。
10．the greatest 解析：考查形容词的用法。句意：他被看作是继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的物理学家。故用最高级。
课件97张PPT。Unit 23 Conflictsubscribe shoot remark salute swear acquaintance handful appoint possession contradict security unconscious representative greet distribute consume stand up forput forwardgive insend forcall inkeep offhold outcome aboutThe worst thing to doas bad a state as our ownthat we wouldhad both his legs blown offcelebrate Christmaswhat was left of his legsby out up away away back up awaybackin out to to on up to assistbe appointedwith the of possessestook possession ofhas had possession ofhas been in possession of has been in the possession ofon/uponremarkable remarks remark→remarksamong distributiondistributedthe last one to leavethe only one to passThe happiest thing to do waitinglaughingwhat what What That 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Which journals does the library (订阅) to?
答案：subscribe
2．She has recently been (任命) to the committee.
答案：appointed
3．Most people hate watching (电视广告) between TV series.
答案：commercials
4．Do you get (零花钱) from your parents every week?
答案：allowance
5．Have you made any New Year’s (计划)?
答案：resolutions
6．He (处理) the question as a scientist.
答案：approached
7．I can’t (忍受) such behavior.
答案：tolerate
8．Where did you make his (相识)?
答案：acquaintance
9．The man was found lying (失去知觉的) on the floor.
答案：unconscious
10．The committee includes 5 (代表) from industry.
答案：representatives
单句改错
1．Appointing as our group leader, he works much harder.
答案：Appointing→Appointed
2．It is said that the new car is in possession of a young man.
答案：in后加the
3．He made no remark to my new design, which annoyed me.
答案：to→on
4．The foods and drinks distributed among the old and the children.
答案：distributed前加were
5．Seeing the boy was ill, he asked me to send to a doctor at once.
答案：第二个to→for
完成句子
1．会上要讨论的第一件事就是怎样保护环境。
at the meeting is how to protect the environment.
答案：The first thing to discuss
2．看到我的长头发， 妈妈让我马上去理发。
Seeing my long hair, my mother asked me at once.
答案：to have my hair cut
3．大约两天后， 我们到了一个叫作“平安” 的地方。
About two days later, we arrived at ．
答案：what was called “Ping’an”
4．袁博士认为出名会给他更少的自由去享受生活。
Dr. Yuan thinks that it will give him less freedom to be famous.
答案：to enjoy his life
5．这位老太太在购物时， 钱包被人偷了。
While doing some shopping, the old woman ．
答案：had her purse stolen
课文语篇改错
The whole passage consist of four stories about war. The first one tells a story of Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer whom two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers.He was wounded in the leg, but he covered by dead bodies and thus saved. The second story took place in Christmas morning. After a long time of battle, the soldiers were fed up to the neck with the war. But the officers came to an understanding what they would celebrate Christmas in peace until midnight. The third story happened in a hospital about a brave young soldier who didn’t accept the watch as a award. The last one is about the crew who was on a training station. When their plane hit the ground and was on the fire, no one dared to go nearly the plane, not knowing if the plane still had bombs aboard. At last, they all died.
答案：
The whole passage of four stories about war. The first one tells a story of Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers.He was wounded in the leg, but he covered by dead bodies and thus saved. The second story took place Christmas morning. After a long time of battle, the soldiers were fed up to the neck with the war. the officers came to an understanding they would celebrate Christmas in peace until midnight. The third story happened in a hospital about a brave young soldier who didn’t accept the watch as award. The last one is about the crew who on a training station. When their plane hit the ground and was on fire, no one dared to go the plane, not knowing if the plane still had bombs aboard. At last, they all died.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Students are (constant) complaining that they have too much homework to do.
答案：constantly
2．A much better way must be found to achieve an equal (distribute) of the resources.
答案：distribution
3．A war broke out in the United States in the 19th century to liberate black people from (slave)．
答案：slavery
4．The (secure) is so bad here that anyone can simply walk in and take what he wants.
答案：security
5．Tom was badly hurt and still (conscious) after the accident, which made us worried.
答案：unconscious
6．You are a (represent) of your class, so remember to behave in good manners.
答案：representative
7．He won the golf match by two (shoot)．
答案：shoots
8．The shop is often full of (consume) on Sundays.
答案：consumers
9．We invited thirty people, but only a (hand) of them came.
答案：handful
10．The love story has a happy (end)．
答案：ending
阅读理解
A
Life Is Magic by Meg McLaren
Review by Beth, aged 6
This picture book is about a rabbit turning a magician into a rabbit.It was really funny.My favorite bit was when the rabbit turned the magician into a rabbit！Anyone who is aged four to eight who likes magic and funny stories will love this book.
Lottie Potter Wants an Otter(水獭) by Jeanne Willis
Review by Kitty, aged 6
This picture book is about a little girl who wants an otter.The otter that she gets is a bad otter.So she tries to take the otter back but the shopkeeper isn’t there any more.
I liked it because it was a bit funny and good.I think anyone would like it.
Time Travelling with a Hamster by Ross Welford
Review by Chloe, aged 9
A boy’s dad has died and on his birthday he gets a letter from Dad.The letter tells him to go to his old house and time travel to when his dad was alive and younger.He must save his dad from getting something in his head that made him die.
This book was really interesting and a bit sad at the end.People who are in year three and like sad and mysterious books would like this one.
Somersaults and Dreams: Rising Star by Cate Shearwater
Review by Annabelle, aged 10
This book is about gymnastics, friendship, fun and dreams.The main character is a girl called Ellie and she is a thoughtful girl who is good at gymnastics.She is facing a big challenge to qualify for the British Championships.
I really liked this book.This book also has a lot in it about real-life people and things that are important in a gymnast’s career.
Girls who are aged eight to eleven who have an interest in gymnastics would love this book.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本儿童书籍。
1．What do we know about Life Is Magic?
A．It is a book for magicians.
B．It is based on Beth’s rabbit.
C．It is for readers over 8.
D．It is an amusing book.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Life Is Magic by Meg McLaren中的It was really funny.可知，这本书很有趣。
2．Which book is about family ties?
A．Life Is Magic.
B．Lottie Potter Wants an Otter.
C．Time Travelling with a Hamster.
D．Somersaults and Dreams：Rising Star.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Time Travelling with a Hamster by Ross Welford中的A boy’s dad has died and on his birthday he gets a letter from Dad.可知，这本书是关于父子亲情的。
3．What do these four books have in common?
A．They are kid-friendly books.
B．They have happy endings.
C．They tell real-life stories.
D．They are best-sellers.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据四本书中推荐阅读的年龄段以及picture book可知，四本书都是儿童读物。
B
The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin，derived from the Greek word pēktos meaning solid or clotted. The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese. The first major innovation that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping. It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeast-based flatbread，and so the pizza began.
While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza，it is however believed that modern pizza was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples. In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza，Pizza Margherita，was invented in 1890，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita. Of the three different pizzas he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag：red(tomato), green(basil)，and white(mozzarella)．Supposedly，this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita.
Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world：
·The first pizzeria，Antica Pizzeria Port’Alba，was opened in 1830 in Naples.
·In North America，the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City.
·The first Pizza Hut，the chain of pizza restaurants appeared in the United States in 1958.
·Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
4．What’s mainly talked about in the text?
A．Ways of making pizza.
B．The history of pizza.
C．Varieties of pizza.
D．Stories about pizza.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin”以及文章的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。
5．Which can replace the underlined word“derived”in Paragraph 1?
A．Separated. B．Adapted.
C．Originated. D．Transformed.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的“but the word pizza...or clotted”可知，此处说的是比萨起源于希腊单词“pēktos”，故画线词意为“发源，开始”，故选C。
6．How was pizza first started?
A．Ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.
B．People in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping.
C．Raffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag.
D．Queen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料，由此开创了比萨这种食品，故选B。
7．What can be learned from the text?
A．Pizza remains popular around the world.
B．The first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples.
C．The taste of pizza stays the same over time.
D．Gennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world”和“Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.”可知，比萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎，故选A。
七选五
The causes of childhood obesity(肥胖) are usually related to lifestyle choices.1. They include conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.According to the World Health Organization, a child is considered obese if his or her Body Mass Index(BMI) is greater than 30.
One of the primary causes of childhood obesity is a lack of physical activity.A Kaiser Family Foundation study found that most children spend an average of 44.5 hours a week either watching television or using a computer.These children continue to consume calories, but do not burn those calories by doing exercise.2.
Television viewing often goes hand in hand with snacking on calories, another primary cause of childhood obesity.High calorie snacks are often available to children from vending machines(自动售货机) at school.3. So they frequently eat unhealthy snacks rather than nutritional meals.
4． For many children and adolescents, going to a fast food restaurant is the most convenient way of getting a quick and inexpensive lunch.The food at fast food restaurants is usually lacking in fresh fruits and vegetables.
Genetic causes of childhood obesity are sometimes difficult to diagnose.In some families, poor eating habits are passed from parents to their children.5. Research suggests that some obese children share a genetic abnormality that may be the cause of their weight gain.
A．Therefore, these extra calories are changed into fat.
B．The snacks are convenient and often appealing to children.
C．Frequent consumption of fast food contributes to childhood obesity.
D．However, some children do have a genetic tendency for overweight.
E．Health experts recommend several ways to prevent childhood obesity.
F．Childhood obesity can lead to a lot of other health problems in children.
G．In addition, there can be many psychological effects of childhood obesity.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是导致儿童肥胖的几个原因。
1．F 解析：此空设于段中，承接下文，根据下句中的high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes可知，这里指儿童肥胖症可导致很多其他的健康问题。
2．A 解析：此空设于段尾，承接上文，与前一句形成因果关系，介绍多余的热量变为脂肪。
3．B 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下，介绍这些零食方便并且能吸引儿童。
4．C 解析：此空设于段首，是一个主旨句，本段主要介绍经常吃快餐也会导致儿童肥胖。
5．D 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句形成转折关系，家庭饮食习惯是有影响，但某些儿童在基因上的确有容易肥胖的倾向。
B卷
阅读理解
You surely want to take a good school yearbook photo, for you only get to do it once, and it’s what people remember you by for the whole school year. Learn how to look good and look natural in your yearbook photo with these simple tips.
·Practice smiling in a mirror.
It sounds crazy, but figuring out how to make a natural looking smile for the camera does need a little preparation. Don’t be shy! Just imagine you are in front of a camera—hold your head high, look straight into the mirror and smile. Keep practicing until you find out your most attractive smiling face.
·Choose your color wisely.
In yearbook photos, lots of people look good in darker colors because they draw attention to the face. Generally, white often isn’t the best choice because it can make your skin look a bit gray, especially if you’re pale. Besides, stay away from super(超级的) bright colors (bright yellow, bright blue) unless you’re really sure they make you look perfect.
·Avoid unnecessary details.
Busy patterns draw attention to themselves in yearbook photos, not to your face and smile. Save them for your everyday fashion experiments. Besides, have your clothes prepared for the day when the yearbook photo is taken. The last thing you want to do is pick out the perfect thing to wear, only to find that it’s in the laundry.
·Avoid big changes to your appearance.
Big changes may not turn out the way you hope. Leave some time to do your hair, such as combing(梳头) it up right before the yearbook photo is taken. Don’t overdo it, since you want your hair to stay in one place and your face to draw all the attention, but go for the “less is more” approach.
【解题导语】 本文主要为大家提供了一些关于如何准备才能拍出自然好看的学校年鉴照片的建议。
1．The best title of this passage is ．
A．How to Make Yourself Look Good
B．How to Do When Taking a School Photo
C．How to Get Ready for Your School Photo-Taking
D．How to Make a Good School Photo Book
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中Learn how to look good and look natural in your yearbook photo with these simple tips.一句以及下文的建议可知本文为大家提供了一些关于如何准备才能拍出自然好看的学校年鉴照片的建议， 故选项C正确。
2．A bright yellow shirt is not a good choice for taking photos because ．
A．it reflects light with the brightness
B．it makes people look gray and pale
C．it draws more attention than the face
D．it suits nobody in front of a camera
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二条建议lots of people look good in darker colors because they draw attention to the face一句， 可知深些的颜色有助于把注意力集中在脸上， 那么过于鲜艳的颜色作用恰恰相反， 故答案选C。
3．The underlined part “less is more” in the last paragraph means ．
A．common hair style is more attractive than the over-done
B．simple hair style makes your face more attractive
C．spending less time on hair makes you look more attractive
D．combing the hair up right costs less time but means more
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Don’t overdo it, since you want your hair to stay in one place and your face to draw all the attention, but go for the “less is more” approach.可知不要让你的发型“喧宾夺主” , 故less is more意为：不要在发型上花费太多心思， 这样就会更有吸引力。答案B正确。
4．During the preparation for photo-taking ．
A．a camera is needed
B．clothes should be in the laundry
C．fashion should be perfectly showed
D．big changes are not needed
D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Big changes may not turn out the way you hope.一句可知， 不要在外表上做太大改动。故答案D正确。
完形填空
When hard times came, the depression settled over my soul.The park bench was 1 as I sat down to read beneath an old willow tree.A young boy out of breath 2 me, all tired from play.He stood right before me with his head tilted(倾斜的) down, saying in great 3 ， “Look what I found！”
In his hand was a flower, and what a 4 sight, with its petals(花瓣) all worn—not enough rain, or too little light. 5 him to take his flower away and go off to play, I 6 a small smile and then shifted away.But instead of 7 ， he sat next to my 8 and placed the flower to his nose and declared with surprise, “It surely smells sweet and it’s beautiful, too.That’s why I 9 it; here, it’s for you.”
The flower before me was dying or dead.But I knew I must 10 it, or he might never leave.So I reached for the flower, and 11 ， “Just what I need.” But instead of placing the flower in my hand, he 12 it mid-air without reason.It was then that I 13 for the very first time the boy was 14 ．
I heard my voice shake, tears shone like the sun 15 I thanked him for picking the very best one.He smiled, and then ran off to play, 16 of the effect he’d had on my day.
I sat there and 17 how he managed to see a self-pitying woman beneath an old willow tree.How did he know of my 18 ？Perhaps from his heart, he’d been blessed with true 19 ．
Through the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not connected with the world; the problem was me.And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed(发誓) to see 20 ， and appreciate every second that’s mine.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇故事类短文。作者在情绪低落时， 有个双目失明的男孩摘了一朵花给作者， 虽然那朵花即将凋零， 但是作者感悟到人生还有很多美好的事物， 不必沉溺于自己的悲伤之中。
1．A.faded B．unoccupied
C．worn D．untidy
B 解析：文章中表示公园的长椅还未被占用， 故选B。
2．A.overlooked B．approached
C．understood D．stopped
B 解析：由后文可知此处表示一个小男孩靠近“我”身边， 故选B。
3．A.excitement B．sorrow
C．trouble D．panic
A 解析：由后文可知男孩对于自己找到的东西很激动， 从后句的感叹号也可看出， 故选A。
4．A.unique B．rough
C．bothering D．pitiful
D 解析：unique独特的； rough粗糙的； bothering困扰的； pitiful遗憾的。从后句花的花瓣都凋谢了可看出这朵花让人觉得很可惜， 故选D。
5．A.Expecting B．Demanding
C．Persuading D．Inviting
A 解析：由下文可知此处表示希望男孩可以带着他的花走远， 故选A。
6．A.played B．adjusted
C．forced D．delivered
C 解析：作者心情不好， 应该是勉强地挤出一个笑脸， 故选C。
7．A.declining B．accepting
C．refusing D．quitting
D 解析：decline拒绝； accept接受； refuse拒绝； quit放弃。由后文可知男孩没有离开作者， 而是坐在作者边上， 故选D。
8．A.side B．way
C．shoulder D．direction
A 解析：作者坐在长椅上， 男孩应该是坐在作者边上， 故选A。
9．A.spotted B．pulled
C．sold D．picked
D 解析：男孩是采摘了花朵， 故选D。
10．A.bring B．fetch
C．take D．smell
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处意为：但是“我”知道“我”必须拿着这朵花，否则这个小男孩不会离开。故选C。
11．A.shouted B．whispered
C．listened D．replied
D 解析：此处指作者回复了男孩的请求， 故选D。
12．A.seized B．held
C．caught D．grasped
B 解析：花朵本来就是在男孩手里， 他不用再去抓， 只要握住它， 故选B。
13．A.convinced B．explored
C．noticed D．refused
C 解析：此外句意为：“我”这才注意到男孩双目失明， 故选C。
14．A.strange B．blind
C．deaf D．unimaginable
B 解析：根据文章最后一段的Through the eyes of a blind child可知选B。
15．A.once B．after
C．as D．since
C 解析：作者在感谢男孩的同时声音哽咽、流泪了， 故选C。
16．A.unaware B．ashamed
C．regretful D．regardless
A 解析：unaware未意识到的； ashamed感到羞愧的； regretful遗憾的； regardless不管不顾的。男孩看不到， 所以意识不到他对作者的影响， 故选A。
17．A.doubted B．felt
C．found D．wondered
D 解析：男孩双目失明， 所以作者对他如何能注意到自己感到好奇， 故选D。
18．A.embarrassment B．adventure
C．discouragement D．effort
C 解析：embarrassment尴尬； adventure冒险； discouragement灰心丧气； effort努力。第一段的When hard times came, the depression settled over my soul.表明主人公灰心丧气， 故选C。
19．A.sense B．sight
C．hearing D．ability
B 解析：男孩虽然眼睛看不见， 但他的心能看见， 选 B。
20．A.beauty B．comfort
C．fantasy D．love
A 解析：此处句意为：“我”应该要去发现世界上美好的东西。
语法填空
You are twenty-one years old and live a happy and 1. (peace) life. But one day, your doctor tells you that you have a serious disease and will die soon. What would you do? 2. (probable) most of us might feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future. Here is 3. the great scientist, Stephen Hawking, did.
Hawking wasn’t 4. (discourage) because of his physical condition. Instead, he went on 5. his study of the universe. In 2002, Hawking 6. (invite) to China. He told Chinese students about his theories and thoughts on some of the greatest questions: what is time, how the universe began, and what are black holes. He impressed the audience with his humor, confidence and of course his 7. (wise).
Hawking became famous in the early 1970s. In 1988, he wrote A Brief History of Time, in 8. he explained difficult theories in a simple way. The book 9. (sell) well since it came out.
Stephen Hawking is a man with a strong will and he is regarded as 10. (great) mind in physics since Albert Einstein.
1．peaceful 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词修饰名词。peaceful adj.平静的。
2．Probably 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。
3．what 解析：考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句且在从句中作did的宾语。
4．discouraged 解析：考查词性转换。此处是作表语，表示人的心理。故用discouraged。
5．with 解析：考查介词的用法。go on with...继续……
6．was invited 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据in 2002可知，是一般过去时，且此处是被动意义。
7．wisdom 解析：考查词性转换。his后接名词。wisdom n．智慧。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处是in ＋ which引导的定语从句。意为：在这本书中……
9．has been selling 解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的since可知，用现在完成进行时。sell此处用主动形式表示被动意义。
10．the greatest 解析：考查形容词的用法。句意：他被看作是继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的物理学家。故用最高级。
Section Ⅳ Communication Workshop, Language Awareness 8 &Culture Corner
[学生用书P45]
1．import vt. 进口
2．sponsor vt. 赞助
3．draft vt. 起草
4．arbitrary adj. 任意的
5．confidential adj. 秘密的
6．strengthen vt. (使)变强， 加强→strength n．力气→strong adj.强壮的
7．intend vt.想要， 打算→intention n．打算
8．unfit adj.不健壮的→fit adj.健康的
9．expense n．费用， 开支→expensive adj.昂贵的
1．join up 参军
2．rope off 用绳围起(隔开)
3．bring sth. on sb. 给某人招来(不愉快的)事情
4．look into 调查
5．sort out 解决(问题或困难)
1．as though引导表语从句
But I find out that you don’t sponsor Armstrong and after using the bike for a month it is as though I have done no exercise at all(好像我一点也没锻炼)．
2．the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……
In fact, the more I use the bike(骑自行车的次数越多), the more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.
3．by the time引导时间状语从句
At least by the time I get back I will have read(在我回来的时候我将会阅读完)that awfully boring book that my history teacher has made me read over the holidays.
[学生用书P45]
import vt.进口； 输入 n．进口， 进口货； 输入
①(教材P26)I am writing to you about the imported Tour de France exercise bike (serial number 39879) which I bought from Mogul Megastores on 29th September for ￡499.99.
我要写信告诉你有关我于九月二十九日花499.99英镑从Mogul大商场买的进口环法健身自行车(序号为39879)的事。
②India imported a great amount of food because of its large population.
印度人口众多， 因此粮食进口量很大。
(1)import...into... 进口……到……
import...from... 从……进口……
(2)export v． 出口， 输出
n. 出口， 输出
export...to... 向……出口……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)This kind of materials is often imported into some developing countries.
(2)Many countries import wool from Australia.
(3)The import(import) of cotton goods went up sharply.
(4)Iran exports its oil to other countries every year.
strengthen vt.增强； (使)变强，加强
①(教材P26)．..one would strengthen one’s body and lose at least two kilos a week.
……一个人会增强他的身体， 一周至少减两公斤。
②Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act.
闲话还有第三个影响：强化了非书面的、非口头的关于人们的行为的规则。
(1)strength n． 力量； 力气； 长处
have the strength to do 有做……的力气/意志力
build up one’s strength 增强体质
(2)strong adj. 坚强的； 强壮的
后缀-en加在形容词或名词后面构成动词， 表示“变， 使， 使有， 变得”， 如：moisten, strengthen, deepen, lengthen。加在物质名词后构成形容词， 表示“由……构成的， 由……制成的”，如：earthen, wooden。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The wind strengthened(strength) during the night.
(2)I have hardly enough strength(strengthen) left to move my feet.
(3)1, 500-meter race is one of his strengths(strength)．
intend vt.想要， 打算
①(教材P26)Unless I receive a positive reply within the next three weeks, I intend to take further action.
除非我在三周之内得到肯定的答复， 否则我会采取进一步行动。
②They actively seek to be part of a “we”， a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.
他们积极寻求成为“我们”的一部分，一个计划朝着共同目标工作的组织。
(1)intend to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended for... 专供……(使用); 旨在……
had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事(但没有做)
sb. intend(s) that＋虚拟语气
某人主张做某事
(2)intention n. 打算， 意图， 目的， 计划
(3)intended adj. 故意的， 打算中的， 预期的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The chair was intended for you, but she took it away.
(2)I had intended to give(give) you a hand, but I was busy then.
(3)Susan suddenly announced her intention(intend) of selling her house.
(4)The man tried to explain why he failed to hit the intended(intend) target.
expense n．费用； 开支
①(教材P136)The film All Quiet On the Western Front was made in 1930 at huge expense with what was then an enormous budget of one and a quarter million dollars.
1930年， 电影《西线无战事》的制作耗资巨大， 125万美金是当时一笔庞大的预算。
②The young man is struggling to cover his basic living expenses.
这个年轻人正在为支付他的基本生活费而努力。
(1)cover the expenses 支付费用
at one’s expense 由某人付费
at the expense of... 以……为代价
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
(2)expensive adj. 昂贵的
At first, the young man earned a little money. It was hard to cover his expenses every month. Later, he spared no expense to get promoted.
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We were supposed to provide safety equipment at our own expense.
(2)Don’t profit yourself at the expense of others.
(3)The coat is so expensive(expense) that I can’t afford it.
join up 入伍； 参军； 联合； 合拢
①(教材P136)．..young Europeans to join up and fight for their country...
……年轻的欧洲人入伍， 并为了他们的国家而战……
②Her grandfather joined up in 1974, when he was 20 years old.
她的祖父是1974年参军， 当时他20岁。
join in 参加， 加入
join up with 与……搭伴， 与……结伙/联合
join (with) sb.in doing sth.
与某人一起做事
join hands 携手； 联合
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The first step of the operation was to join up the bones.
(2)Would you please join us in helping the poor old?
(3)The company was too big to join up with anybody else.
bring sth.on sb. 使某人遭受某事(物)
①(教材P137)I’d brought these troubles on myself...
我自己招惹来这些麻烦……
②He has brought all the stress on himself.
他将所有压力都放在自己身上。
bring about 引起； 导致
bring back 使想起； 恢复
bring down 降低
bring off 完成， 做完
bring up 养育； 提出； 呕吐
bring out 使显出； 出版； 阐明， 说出
bring in 提出； 引入； 赚得
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)How much does she bring in now?
(2)The young actress was brought up by her aunt.
look into 调查； 观察； 研究
①(教材P137)And we will look into the subject of compensating you for your injury.
我们将调查对于你受伤赔偿的问题。
②The government will look into how to reduce unemployment.
政府将研究如何降低失业率。
look over 检查， 察看
look around 四下看， 环顾
look up 抬头看； 查阅
look down on/upon 向下看； 轻视
look ahead 向前看； 为将来打算
look through 浏览； 通过； 检查
look back 回顾； 回头看
look out 注意； 面朝； 当心
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)她瞧不起没上过大学的人。
She looks down upon/on people who haven’t been to college.
(2)考试前他匆匆看了看笔记。
He looked through the notes before the exam.
(3)多数人回想起自己的学生时代都满怀深情。
Most people look back on their schooldays with fondness.
(4)当心！ 一辆大卡车开过来了。
Look out ! There comes the truck.
sort out 解决(问题或困难); 整理；
(从……中)区分出来
①(教材P28)How does the manager try to sort out the conflict?
经理是如何尽力解决问题的？
②You will have to sort out your differences yourselves.
你们必须得自己解决你们的分歧。
(1)sort sth.into 把……分成
sort through 分类， 整理
(2)all sorts of 各种各样的
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)We must sort out the good apples from the bad.
(2)The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
(教材P26)But I find out that you don’t sponsor Armstrong and after using the bike for a month it is as though I have done no exercise at all.
但我发现你们并没有赞助阿姆斯特朗， 并且使用这辆自行车一个月了， 好像我一点也没锻炼。
(1)本句中的as though＝as if, 引导表语从句， 意为：好像， 似乎。
(2)as though/if 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或者具有很大可能性时， 通常用陈述语气。常与look, seem, taste, smell, sound等词连用。
(3)as though/if 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实， 而是主观的想象或夸大的比喻时， 通常用虚拟语气。对现在情况的虚拟用一般过去时； 对过去情况的虚拟用过去完成时； 对将来情况的虚拟用“would＋动词原形” 。
More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory.
更经常的是，网络的作用就好像它是我的记忆力。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)She loves the boy as if she were(be) his mother.
(2)The injured man acted as though nothing had happened(happen)．
(教材P26)In fact, the more I use the bike, the more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.
事实上， 骑这辆自行车的次数越多， 我好像就越增重， 尽管我认真遵循了说明书。
(1)本句中的the more I use the bike, the more weight I seem to put on, 是“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……” 句型， 意为“越……，就越……” 。
(2)比较级＋and＋比较级， 意为：越来越……
The harder you try to beat it, the more likely you will get hit.
你越是试图击打它， 你就越可能被打击。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)我们浪费或污染的水越少，我们将来就会有更多的水利用。
The less water we waste or pollute, the more we will have for tomorrow.
(2)随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。
As the winter is drawing near, it’s getting colder and colder．
(教材P29)At least by the time I get back I will have read that awfully boring book that my history teacher has made me read over the holidays.
至少在我回来的时候我将会阅读完历史老师让我在假期里读的那本非常枯燥的书了。
(1)句中的by the time引导时间状语从句， 意为：到……为止； by the time从句为一般过去时态时， 主句通常用过去完成时态； by the time从句为一般现在时态时(表将来), 主句通常用将来完成时态。
(2)如果主句动词是连系动词be或者是像know等表示认知的持续性动词， 则往往用一般时态， 不用完成时态。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.
到爱迪生十二岁时， 他已经开始自己谋生了。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring (pour )outside.
(2)By the time they arrive here, we will have finished(finish) all the work.
品句填词
1．Before you climb up the ladder, make sure that it is (稳固的)．
答案：stable
2．His income is not enough to meet the (开销) of his family.
答案：expense
3．I know little of the players so my choice of them for the team will be (随意的)．
答案：arbitrary
4．A doctor shouldn’t give away (秘密的) information about patients.
答案：confidential
5．The organization is planning to (赞助) many charity activities for the poor.
答案：sponsor
6．The country has to (进口) industrial products from other countries.
答案：import
7．The army refused to take in the young man for he was physically (不健壮的)．
答案：unfit
8．We (打算) to go to Australia next year.
答案：intend
9．Sharing activities can (加强) the bond between family members.
答案：strengthen
10．He who (拥有) such luxuries is never from a poor family.
答案：possesses
单句改错
1．A lot of cars imported from that country last year.
答案：imported前加were
2．The young man does some exercise to strength his body.
答案：strength→strengthen
3．It is said that the project is intended to the old.
答案：to→for
4．I’m sorry to have brought troubles to my classmates.
答案：第二个to→on
5．When I came in, he was busy sorted out the books.
答案：sorted→sorting
完成句子
1．等你来到医院时，医生刚好有空儿。
， the doctor will have just been available.
答案：By the time you reach the hospital
2．他小的时候母亲去世了。他是由祖母抚养成人的。
His mother died when he was young, and his grandmother ．
答案：brought him up
3．你练习英语越多， 你的英语就越好。
， the better your English is.
答案：The more English you practise
4．他们看着她，好像她疯了一样。
They looked at her ．
答案：as though she was mad
5．你愈小心， 你犯错就会愈少。
， the fewer mistakes you will make.
答案：The more careful you are
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The (big) the house is, the more money it will cost.
答案：bigger
2．By the time we got there, the bus (go)．
答案：had gone
3．His disappearance is being looked by the police.
答案：into
4．The students are sorted three ability groups.
答案：into
5．I want to bring the meaning of the poem.
答案：out
6．They all joined us in (sing) the Christmas carols.
答案：singing
7．He adjusted (him) very quickly to the heat of the country.
答案：himself
8．I recommend that you (resign) as soon as possible.
答案：(should) resign
9．The movie (intend) for adults only.
答案：is intended
10．The new evidence will (strength) their case.
答案：strengthen
阅读理解
Her attractive lips seemed to speak words of kindness, while her eyes appeared to seek out the good in people. “You have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others.” She used to say.
It was for this rare charm and inner beauty that British movie star Audrey Hepburn (1929－1993) was named the most naturally beautiful woman of all time in June, 2004.“Her skin looks fresh in all her films and her warm and lively personality really shines through，” said one beauty expert.
Life was never easy for Hepburn. Shortly after her parents’ painful divorce when she was nine, she found herself in the Netherlands at the start of World War Ⅱ. Hepburn watched helplessly as several of her relatives were killed. She survived by eating tulip bulbs and carried secret messages for the resistance in her ballet shoes. She dreamed of becoming a ballet dancer but was told she was too tall and not talented enough to be a success. Hepburn then turned to musicals and spent most of her time as a chorus girl(舞女). She had some small movie roles but it was not until Roman Holiday (1953) that she became a star. With her good manners and delicate figure, she was perfect in the role of a European princess. She took the Best Actress Oscar for her performance.In 1988 Hepburn began her most important role—as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF(United Nations Children’s Fund). She traveled to the poorest places, doing her best to provide care and create awareness of the difficult situations in which some children live.
When Hepburn passed away, a message displayed at her funeral read, “In losing Audrey, the world not only lost a movie star, we lost a princess, an angel, a person who inspired us all and whose selfless and loving examples shall always be remembered.”
【解题导语】 本文通过介绍Audrey Hepburn的情况， 可知是她罕见的美和内在魅力被称为最自然美的女性。
1．When Hepburn began to act as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF, how many years had passed since her parents’ divorce?
A．50. B．52.
C．38. D．46.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知她生于1929年；根据第三段第二句话可知她9岁时父母离婚；根据第三段倒数第二句可知，自从她父母离婚到她担任Goodwill Ambassador已经有50年了。故选A项。
2．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To tell readers about Audrey Hepburn’s death.
B．To think highly of Audrey Hepburn’s whole life.
C．To tell readers the message displayed at Audrey Hepburn’s funeral.
D．To say goodbye to Audrey Hepburn.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段When Hepburn passed away, a message displayed at her funeral read, “In losing... shall always be remembered.”可知这是在高度评价她的一生。故选B项。
3．Which of the following best describes Audrey Hepburn’s life?
A．Difficult and lucky.
B．Miserable and smooth.
C．Hard and successful.
D．Easy and smooth.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的She dreamed of becoming a ballet dancer but was told she was too tall and not talented enough to be a success.Hepburn...that she became a star.可知对Audrey Hepburn一生最好的描述就是“勤奋和成功”。故选C。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Beauty Is Not Just Skin Deep
B．Beauty Is Just Skin Deep
C．Beauty Never Stays Forever
D．A World-famous Beauty Expert
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句可知，是她罕见的美和内在的魅力使她被称为最自然美的女性。故选A。
完形填空
I went up to Peet’s Coffee the other morning.There was a young man, Mike, probably of my age.With him, he had all his 1 on a small roll cart(卷车)．At first, I thought how 2 it is to have so little possessions.That was 3 by the thought of how ironic(讽刺的) it is that we live in one of the financially wealthiest areas of the country, if not the world, 4 we can’t, or don’t, take care of the basic 5 of every human being.Yes, we are financially wealthy, but sometimes we 6 the wealth of compassion, kindness and understanding.
Anyway, I invited Mike in to eat and he eagerly 7 . He talked about asking a friend for a place to stay that night.On Christmas Eve, as many people eagerly 8 their stomachs with food in nice and warm homes and then opened 9 ，Mike just wanted a warm place to 10 the night.
Then I was really 11 ．As he waited for his sandwich, Mike began 12 the condiment(调料) area.He took some 13 and wiped up the condiments spilled out and 14 the containers of condiments, making everything neat and in good order.Here is a person with very little but he’s serving others in a way that’s 15 to him.
I 16 with Mike about this afterward, thanking him.He said he 17 did that sort of thing, straightening up.To him, it was 18 common behavior.I asked him for a hug and then we parted to go our 19 ways.
There is a lot for us to 20 in the most unlikely place.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己在咖啡店的暖心经历。
1．A.dreams B．goods
C．products D．belongings
D 解析：根据下文的so little possessions可知，这里指这个年轻人的所有物品。
2．A.nice B．unforgettable
C．common D．horrible
A 解析：根据后文迈克并没有很富有的语义转折可知，这里指作者起初很羡慕他有很少的东西，觉得这样很好，故选nice。
3．A.rewarded B．covered
C．followed D．returned
C 解析：这里指随后的想法。
4．A.yet B．until
C．so D．unless
A 解析：根据we live in one of the financially wealthiest areas of the country和we can’t, or don’t, take care of可知，前后两个语义有转折，故选yet。
5．A.health B．needs
C．education D．steps
B 解析：根据前文提到物品很少可推断，这里指每个人的基本所需无法照顾到。
6．A.refuse B．own
C．examine D．lack
D 解析：与前文相对比，在经济上富有，但在情感、善行、理解上却缺乏。
7．A.acknowledged B．accepted
C．won D．guessed
B 解析：根据后文的waited for his sandwich可知，迈克接受了邀请。
8．A.filled B．cured
C．beat D．warmed
A 解析：平安夜，很多人都会在温暖的家里吃美味大餐。
9．A.stores B．books
C．mouths D．presents
D 解析：平安夜，应该是拆礼物。
10．A.miss B．spend
C．waste D．forget
B 解析：迈克只想找一个地方过夜。
11．A.doubtful B．disappointed
C．surprised D．guilty
C 解析：由本段后面的描述可知，迈克的行为令作者很吃惊。
12．A.damaging B．setting up
C．messing D．cleaning up
D 解析：根据后文的wiped up the condiments spilled out可知，迈克清理调料区。
13．A.tissues B．sticks
C．water D．salt
A 解析：迈克取纸巾清理洒出来的调料。
14．A.changed B．rearranged
C．emptied D．broke
B 解析：根据making everything neat and in good order可知，迈克重新放置了装调料的容器。
15．A.shocking B．useful
C．new D．natural
D 解析：根据后文common behavior可知，对于迈克而言，这是很自然的举动。
16．A.argued B．quarreled
C．spoke D．complained
C 解析：之后，作者跟迈克聊天谈论此事。
17．A.always B．never
C．seldom D．still
A 解析：根据straightening up和common behavior可知，迈克经常做这样的事情。
18．A.even B．just
C．rarely D．slightly
B 解析：这里强调，对于迈克而言，只是寻常的行为。
19．A.opposite B．similar
C．right D．separate
D 解析：他们分开后，走各自的路。
20．A.regret B．recall
C．learn D．lose
C 解析：作者感叹，我们在最不可能有所获的地方能学习很多东西。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Robert Burns was born at Alloway, near Ayrshire, on January 25，1759.Robert was educated briefly in Alloway before going to Ayrshire.However, while studying, his family was stricken by financial concerns and Burns was forced to work as a farm labourer. Burns had to work at a variety of labouring jobs, but, in his spare time, he began to write poetry and songs.
When his father died in 1784, he rented a farm near Mauchline with his brother Gilbert, but this was never a great financial success, and he thought about the idea of moving to Jamaica in the West Indies.However, in 1786, his first works were published under the title Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect.The critical reception and relative success of this publication encouraged Burns to remain in Scotland and he moved to Edinburgh where he became involved in the thriving cultural scene.He was also introduced into the Masons and became the poet laureate of the Edinburgh Freemasons.
His reputation led to an assignment to work on a collection of Scottish folk songs.Burns collected a rich diversity of Scottish folk songs, sometimes improving upon them and also including his own.These were published as The Scots Musical Museum in five volumes over a period of sixteen years.This compilation(选辑) included a reworking of Auld Lang Syne which later became a famous global song, usually sung on New Year’s Eve.
During his lifetime, he was well-known, but gained little financial benefits for his works.However, after his death, he became an icon of Scottish culture.He was also celebrated in Russia as a poet of the people.Burns Night is celebrated on January 25th with Burns Suppers around the world, and is even more widely observed in Scotland than the official national day, St.Andrew’s Day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了苏格兰诗人彭斯一生的重要事件。
1．What was the educational background of Burns?
A．He accomplished his entire education.
B．He taught himself since his childhood.
C．He was taught poetry writing since young.
D．He dropped out of school because of poverty.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的while studying, his family was stricken...was forced to work as a farm labourer可知，在彭斯读书期间，他的家庭面临财政问题，他被迫在农场干农活，故他因为贫穷而辍学。
2．What made Burns finally decide to stay in Scotland?
A．His father’s death.
B．His first works’ being approved of.
C．The cultural atmosphere in Edinburgh.
D．The great fame he gained in Edinburgh.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的The critical reception and relative success of this publication 可知，彭斯第一次发表作品获得认可，取得一定的成功，这让彭斯决定留在苏格兰。
3．How did Burns work on The Scots Musical Museum?
A．By collecting and bettering Scottish folk songs.
B．By creating and recording original music.
C．By classifying different kinds of songs.
D．By working with various songwriters.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Burns collected a rich diversity of Scottish folk songs, sometimes improving upon them and also including his own.可知，为了完成The Scots Musical Museum，彭斯搜集并改编苏格兰民谣。
4．What can we learn about Burns from the last paragraph?
A．He spent his last years in Russia.
B．He named January 25th Burns Night.
C．He made a great fortune from his works.
D．He gained a wide reputation after he passed away.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的However, after his death...in Russia as a poet of the people.以及around the world可知，彭斯去世后，他的名声远扬。
B
You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead! Of course he isn’t really dead. With any luck he isn’t even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars or even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they perform tricks. There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress(床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar! But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and training. Often a stuntman’s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is “blown up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.
Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff(悬崖) a thousand feet high. His parachute(降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous actions, for nowadays there are stuntgirls too!
【解题导语】 本文介绍了特技演员的情况。介绍了什么是特技演员。大部分情况下特技演员是没有危险的， 但是在一些情况下特技演员也很可能受伤。
5．Stuntmen are those who .
A．often dress up as actors
B．prefer to lead dangerous lives
C．often perform seemingly dangerous actions
D．often fight each other for their lives
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard....Of course he isn’t really dead.可知， 特技演员经常表演一些看似危险的动作。
6．Stuntmen earn their living by .
A．playing their dirty tricks
B．selling their special skills
C．jumping out of high windows
D．jumping from fast moving trains
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的第一段They do this for a living.以及第二段Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work可知， 特技演员靠出卖自己的特殊技能来谋生。
7．When a stuntman falls from a high building, .
A．he needs little protection
B．he will be covered with a mattress
C．his life is endangered
D．his safety is generally all right
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress(床垫)．可知， 当一个特技演员从高楼上跳下来时， 他的安全基本上是有保障的。
8．Which of the following is the main factor of a successful performance?
A．Strength. B．Exactness.
C．Speed. D．Carefulness.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Often a stuntman’ s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is “blown up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment. 可知， 一个特技演员的表演成功主要取决于精确性。
语法填空
Every year the Dragon Boat Festival attracts teams of rowers from around the world. The origin of Dragon Boat racing dates back to 1. third century B．C. At that time there was a minister 2. (call) Qu Yuan. Although he was much loved by the people, the King dismissed him from his high position.
Unhappy and lonely, he wandered around the countryside, 3. (write) poems about his love of the country and its people.Finally, 4. (able) to put up with life any more, he committed suicide by drowning himself in the Miluo River.
It is said 5. although local fishermen raced out in their boats, they tried 6. vain to save him. So, 7. (prevent) his body from being eaten by fish，they beat the surface of the water with their oars and threw rice in the river.
In China today the 8. (die) of Qu Yuan is still remembered by people. They honor the day by eating zongzi and watching or competing in Dragon Boat races, through 9. the scene of the fishermen racing out to save Qu Yuan 10. (repeat)．
1．the 解析： 考查定冠词。序数词前需用定冠词，故填the。
2．called 解析： 考查过去分词作定语的用法。minister后跟定语，又因call与minister之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填called。
3．writing 解析： 考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。句子主语he与write之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且write所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填writing。
4．unable 解析： 考查形容词作状语的用法。由语境可知，设空处表示“不能的”，故填unable。
5．that 解析： 考查连接词。It是形式主语，设空处引导的从句是真正的主语，且从句意义和成分均完整，故填that。
6．in 解析： 考查介词。in vain意为“白费力气”。
7．to prevent 解析： 考查不定式作状语的用法。“阻止屈原的尸体被鱼吃掉”是人们“用桨击打水面和往水里抛大米”的目的，故填to prevent。
8．death 解析： 考查名词。设空处作主语，表示“死亡”，故填death。
9．which 解析： 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明先行词Dragon Boat races，且在从句中作介词through的宾语，故填which。
10．is repeated 解析： 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由语境可知此处用一般现在时，又因主语scene与repeat之间是被动关系，故填is repeated。
短文改错
I was buying food in a store when a little brother and sister came in with their father.All of the kids were very respectful to the man who held the door openly for them.Their “thank you” real made an impression on me.When I received my change, I gave them some money to buy a bread.I explained that I was so impressed their good manners.Their dad allows them to take it.Later that day, I met them again on the street, each carefully carries their little treat so that it would not get damaging.They waved to me and smiled.As I smiled back, I imagined their eager to tell this event to their mum after they went back home.Who knows when such kindness will lead.
答案：
I was buying food in a store when a little brother and sister came in with their father. of the kids were very respectful to the man who held the door for them.Their “thank you” made an impression on me.When I received my change, I gave them some money to buy bread.I explained that I was so impressed their good manners.Their dad them to take it.Later that day, I met them again on the street, each carefully their little treat so that it would not get .They waved to me and smiled.As I smiled back, I imagined their to tell this event to their mum after they went back home.Who knows such kindness will lead.
课件47张PPT。Unit 23 Conflictimport sponsor draft arbitrary confidential strengthen intend unfit expense join uprope offbring sth. on sb.look intosort outas though I havedone no exercise at allthe more I use the bikeby the time I get back I will have readinto from importto strengthenedstrengthstrengthsfor to giveintentionintendedatof expensiveup in with in up looks down upon/onlooked through look backLook out out through werehad happenedThe lessthe more colder and colderwas pouringwill have finished本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Before you climb up the ladder, make sure that it is (稳固的)．
答案：stable
2．His income is not enough to meet the (开销) of his family.
答案：expense
3．I know little of the players so my choice of them for the team will be (随意的)．
答案：arbitrary
4．A doctor shouldn’t give away (秘密的) information about patients.
答案：confidential
5．The organization is planning to (赞助) many charity activities for the poor.
答案：sponsor
6．The country has to (进口) industrial products from other countries.
答案：import
7．The army refused to take in the young man for he was physically (不健壮的)．
答案：unfit
8．We (打算) to go to Australia next year.
答案：intend
9．Sharing activities can (加强) the bond between family members.
答案：strengthen
10．He who (拥有) such luxuries is never from a poor family.
答案：possesses
单句改错
1．A lot of cars imported from that country last year.
答案：imported前加were
2．The young man does some exercise to strength his body.
答案：strength→strengthen
3．It is said that the project is intended to the old.
答案：to→for
4．I’m sorry to have brought troubles to my classmates.
答案：第二个to→on
5．When I came in, he was busy sorted out the books.
答案：sorted→sorting
完成句子
1．等你来到医院时，医生刚好有空儿。
， the doctor will have just been available.
答案：By the time you reach the hospital
2．他小的时候母亲去世了。他是由祖母抚养成人的。
His mother died when he was young, and his grandmother ．
答案：brought him up
3．你练习英语越多， 你的英语就越好。
， the better your English is.
答案：The more English you practise
4．他们看着她，好像她疯了一样。
They looked at her ．
答案：as though she was mad
5．你愈小心， 你犯错就会愈少。
， the fewer mistakes you will make.
答案：The more careful you are
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The (big) the house is, the more money it will cost.
答案：bigger
2．By the time we got there, the bus (go)．
答案：had gone
3．His disappearance is being looked by the police.
答案：into
4．The students are sorted three ability groups.
答案：into
5．I want to bring the meaning of the poem.
答案：out
6．They all joined us in (sing) the Christmas carols.
答案：singing
7．He adjusted (him) very quickly to the heat of the country.
答案：himself
8．I recommend that you (resign) as soon as possible.
答案：(should) resign
9．The movie (intend) for adults only.
答案：is intended
10．The new evidence will (strength) their case.
答案：strengthen
阅读理解
Her attractive lips seemed to speak words of kindness, while her eyes appeared to seek out the good in people. “You have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others.” She used to say.
It was for this rare charm and inner beauty that British movie star Audrey Hepburn (1929－1993) was named the most naturally beautiful woman of all time in June, 2004.“Her skin looks fresh in all her films and her warm and lively personality really shines through，” said one beauty expert.
Life was never easy for Hepburn. Shortly after her parents’ painful divorce when she was nine, she found herself in the Netherlands at the start of World War Ⅱ. Hepburn watched helplessly as several of her relatives were killed. She survived by eating tulip bulbs and carried secret messages for the resistance in her ballet shoes. She dreamed of becoming a ballet dancer but was told she was too tall and not talented enough to be a success. Hepburn then turned to musicals and spent most of her time as a chorus girl(舞女). She had some small movie roles but it was not until Roman Holiday (1953) that she became a star. With her good manners and delicate figure, she was perfect in the role of a European princess. She took the Best Actress Oscar for her performance.In 1988 Hepburn began her most important role—as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF(United Nations Children’s Fund). She traveled to the poorest places, doing her best to provide care and create awareness of the difficult situations in which some children live.
When Hepburn passed away, a message displayed at her funeral read, “In losing Audrey, the world not only lost a movie star, we lost a princess, an angel, a person who inspired us all and whose selfless and loving examples shall always be remembered.”
【解题导语】 本文通过介绍Audrey Hepburn的情况， 可知是她罕见的美和内在魅力被称为最自然美的女性。
1．When Hepburn began to act as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF, how many years had passed since her parents’ divorce?
A．50. B．52.
C．38. D．46.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知她生于1929年；根据第三段第二句话可知她9岁时父母离婚；根据第三段倒数第二句可知，自从她父母离婚到她担任Goodwill Ambassador已经有50年了。故选A项。
2．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To tell readers about Audrey Hepburn’s death.
B．To think highly of Audrey Hepburn’s whole life.
C．To tell readers the message displayed at Audrey Hepburn’s funeral.
D．To say goodbye to Audrey Hepburn.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段When Hepburn passed away, a message displayed at her funeral read, “In losing... shall always be remembered.”可知这是在高度评价她的一生。故选B项。
3．Which of the following best describes Audrey Hepburn’s life?
A．Difficult and lucky.
B．Miserable and smooth.
C．Hard and successful.
D．Easy and smooth.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的She dreamed of becoming a ballet dancer but was told she was too tall and not talented enough to be a success.Hepburn...that she became a star.可知对Audrey Hepburn一生最好的描述就是“勤奋和成功”。故选C。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Beauty Is Not Just Skin Deep
B．Beauty Is Just Skin Deep
C．Beauty Never Stays Forever
D．A World-famous Beauty Expert
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句可知，是她罕见的美和内在的魅力使她被称为最自然美的女性。故选A。
完形填空
I went up to Peet’s Coffee the other morning.There was a young man, Mike, probably of my age.With him, he had all his 1 on a small roll cart(卷车)．At first, I thought how 2 it is to have so little possessions.That was 3 by the thought of how ironic(讽刺的) it is that we live in one of the financially wealthiest areas of the country, if not the world, 4 we can’t, or don’t, take care of the basic 5 of every human being.Yes, we are financially wealthy, but sometimes we 6 the wealth of compassion, kindness and understanding.
Anyway, I invited Mike in to eat and he eagerly 7 . He talked about asking a friend for a place to stay that night.On Christmas Eve, as many people eagerly 8 their stomachs with food in nice and warm homes and then opened 9 ，Mike just wanted a warm place to 10 the night.
Then I was really 11 ．As he waited for his sandwich, Mike began 12 the condiment(调料) area.He took some 13 and wiped up the condiments spilled out and 14 the containers of condiments, making everything neat and in good order.Here is a person with very little but he’s serving others in a way that’s 15 to him.
I 16 with Mike about this afterward, thanking him.He said he 17 did that sort of thing, straightening up.To him, it was 18 common behavior.I asked him for a hug and then we parted to go our 19 ways.
There is a lot for us to 20 in the most unlikely place.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己在咖啡店的暖心经历。
1．A.dreams B．goods
C．products D．belongings
D 解析：根据下文的so little possessions可知，这里指这个年轻人的所有物品。
2．A.nice B．unforgettable
C．common D．horrible
A 解析：根据后文迈克并没有很富有的语义转折可知，这里指作者起初很羡慕他有很少的东西，觉得这样很好，故选nice。
3．A.rewarded B．covered
C．followed D．returned
C 解析：这里指随后的想法。
4．A.yet B．until
C．so D．unless
A 解析：根据we live in one of the financially wealthiest areas of the country和we can’t, or don’t, take care of可知，前后两个语义有转折，故选yet。
5．A.health B．needs
C．education D．steps
B 解析：根据前文提到物品很少可推断，这里指每个人的基本所需无法照顾到。
6．A.refuse B．own
C．examine D．lack
D 解析：与前文相对比，在经济上富有，但在情感、善行、理解上却缺乏。
7．A.acknowledged B．accepted
C．won D．guessed
B 解析：根据后文的waited for his sandwich可知，迈克接受了邀请。
8．A.filled B．cured
C．beat D．warmed
A 解析：平安夜，很多人都会在温暖的家里吃美味大餐。
9．A.stores B．books
C．mouths D．presents
D 解析：平安夜，应该是拆礼物。
10．A.miss B．spend
C．waste D．forget
B 解析：迈克只想找一个地方过夜。
11．A.doubtful B．disappointed
C．surprised D．guilty
C 解析：由本段后面的描述可知，迈克的行为令作者很吃惊。
12．A.damaging B．setting up
C．messing D．cleaning up
D 解析：根据后文的wiped up the condiments spilled out可知，迈克清理调料区。
13．A.tissues B．sticks
C．water D．salt
A 解析：迈克取纸巾清理洒出来的调料。
14．A.changed B．rearranged
C．emptied D．broke
B 解析：根据making everything neat and in good order可知，迈克重新放置了装调料的容器。
15．A.shocking B．useful
C．new D．natural
D 解析：根据后文common behavior可知，对于迈克而言，这是很自然的举动。
16．A.argued B．quarreled
C．spoke D．complained
C 解析：之后，作者跟迈克聊天谈论此事。
17．A.always B．never
C．seldom D．still
A 解析：根据straightening up和common behavior可知，迈克经常做这样的事情。
18．A.even B．just
C．rarely D．slightly
B 解析：这里强调，对于迈克而言，只是寻常的行为。
19．A.opposite B．similar
C．right D．separate
D 解析：他们分开后，走各自的路。
20．A.regret B．recall
C．learn D．lose
C 解析：作者感叹，我们在最不可能有所获的地方能学习很多东西。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Robert Burns was born at Alloway, near Ayrshire, on January 25，1759.Robert was educated briefly in Alloway before going to Ayrshire.However, while studying, his family was stricken by financial concerns and Burns was forced to work as a farm labourer. Burns had to work at a variety of labouring jobs, but, in his spare time, he began to write poetry and songs.
When his father died in 1784, he rented a farm near Mauchline with his brother Gilbert, but this was never a great financial success, and he thought about the idea of moving to Jamaica in the West Indies.However, in 1786, his first works were published under the title Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect.The critical reception and relative success of this publication encouraged Burns to remain in Scotland and he moved to Edinburgh where he became involved in the thriving cultural scene.He was also introduced into the Masons and became the poet laureate of the Edinburgh Freemasons.
His reputation led to an assignment to work on a collection of Scottish folk songs.Burns collected a rich diversity of Scottish folk songs, sometimes improving upon them and also including his own.These were published as The Scots Musical Museum in five volumes over a period of sixteen years.This compilation(选辑) included a reworking of Auld Lang Syne which later became a famous global song, usually sung on New Year’s Eve.
During his lifetime, he was well-known, but gained little financial benefits for his works.However, after his death, he became an icon of Scottish culture.He was also celebrated in Russia as a poet of the people.Burns Night is celebrated on January 25th with Burns Suppers around the world, and is even more widely observed in Scotland than the official national day, St.Andrew’s Day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了苏格兰诗人彭斯一生的重要事件。
1．What was the educational background of Burns?
A．He accomplished his entire education.
B．He taught himself since his childhood.
C．He was taught poetry writing since young.
D．He dropped out of school because of poverty.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的while studying, his family was stricken...was forced to work as a farm labourer可知，在彭斯读书期间，他的家庭面临财政问题，他被迫在农场干农活，故他因为贫穷而辍学。
2．What made Burns finally decide to stay in Scotland?
A．His father’s death.
B．His first works’ being approved of.
C．The cultural atmosphere in Edinburgh.
D．The great fame he gained in Edinburgh.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的The critical reception and relative success of this publication 可知，彭斯第一次发表作品获得认可，取得一定的成功，这让彭斯决定留在苏格兰。
3．How did Burns work on The Scots Musical Museum?
A．By collecting and bettering Scottish folk songs.
B．By creating and recording original music.
C．By classifying different kinds of songs.
D．By working with various songwriters.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Burns collected a rich diversity of Scottish folk songs, sometimes improving upon them and also including his own.可知，为了完成The Scots Musical Museum，彭斯搜集并改编苏格兰民谣。
4．What can we learn about Burns from the last paragraph?
A．He spent his last years in Russia.
B．He named January 25th Burns Night.
C．He made a great fortune from his works.
D．He gained a wide reputation after he passed away.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的However, after his death...in Russia as a poet of the people.以及around the world可知，彭斯去世后，他的名声远扬。
B
You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead! Of course he isn’t really dead. With any luck he isn’t even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars or even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they perform tricks. There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress(床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar! But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and training. Often a stuntman’s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is “blown up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.
Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff(悬崖) a thousand feet high. His parachute(降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous actions, for nowadays there are stuntgirls too!
【解题导语】 本文介绍了特技演员的情况。介绍了什么是特技演员。大部分情况下特技演员是没有危险的， 但是在一些情况下特技演员也很可能受伤。
5．Stuntmen are those who .
A．often dress up as actors
B．prefer to lead dangerous lives
C．often perform seemingly dangerous actions
D．often fight each other for their lives
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard....Of course he isn’t really dead.可知， 特技演员经常表演一些看似危险的动作。
6．Stuntmen earn their living by .
A．playing their dirty tricks
B．selling their special skills
C．jumping out of high windows
D．jumping from fast moving trains
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的第一段They do this for a living.以及第二段Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work可知， 特技演员靠出卖自己的特殊技能来谋生。
7．When a stuntman falls from a high building, .
A．he needs little protection
B．he will be covered with a mattress
C．his life is endangered
D．his safety is generally all right
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress(床垫)．可知， 当一个特技演员从高楼上跳下来时， 他的安全基本上是有保障的。
8．Which of the following is the main factor of a successful performance?
A．Strength. B．Exactness.
C．Speed. D．Carefulness.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Often a stuntman’ s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is “blown up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment. 可知， 一个特技演员的表演成功主要取决于精确性。
语法填空
Every year the Dragon Boat Festival attracts teams of rowers from around the world. The origin of Dragon Boat racing dates back to 1. third century B．C. At that time there was a minister 2. (call) Qu Yuan. Although he was much loved by the people, the King dismissed him from his high position.
Unhappy and lonely, he wandered around the countryside, 3. (write) poems about his love of the country and its people.Finally, 4. (able) to put up with life any more, he committed suicide by drowning himself in the Miluo River.
It is said 5. although local fishermen raced out in their boats, they tried 6. vain to save him. So, 7. (prevent) his body from being eaten by fish，they beat the surface of the water with their oars and threw rice in the river.
In China today the 8. (die) of Qu Yuan is still remembered by people. They honor the day by eating zongzi and watching or competing in Dragon Boat races, through 9. the scene of the fishermen racing out to save Qu Yuan 10. (repeat)．
1．the 解析： 考查定冠词。序数词前需用定冠词，故填the。
2．called 解析： 考查过去分词作定语的用法。minister后跟定语，又因call与minister之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填called。
3．writing 解析： 考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。句子主语he与write之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且write所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填writing。
4．unable 解析： 考查形容词作状语的用法。由语境可知，设空处表示“不能的”，故填unable。
5．that 解析： 考查连接词。It是形式主语，设空处引导的从句是真正的主语，且从句意义和成分均完整，故填that。
6．in 解析： 考查介词。in vain意为“白费力气”。
7．to prevent 解析： 考查不定式作状语的用法。“阻止屈原的尸体被鱼吃掉”是人们“用桨击打水面和往水里抛大米”的目的，故填to prevent。
8．death 解析： 考查名词。设空处作主语，表示“死亡”，故填death。
9．which 解析： 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明先行词Dragon Boat races，且在从句中作介词through的宾语，故填which。
10．is repeated 解析： 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由语境可知此处用一般现在时，又因主语scene与repeat之间是被动关系，故填is repeated。
短文改错
I was buying food in a store when a little brother and sister came in with their father.All of the kids were very respectful to the man who held the door openly for them.Their “thank you” real made an impression on me.When I received my change, I gave them some money to buy a bread.I explained that I was so impressed their good manners.Their dad allows them to take it.Later that day, I met them again on the street, each carefully carries their little treat so that it would not get damaging.They waved to me and smiled.As I smiled back, I imagined their eager to tell this event to their mum after they went back home.Who knows when such kindness will lead.
答案：
I was buying food in a store when a little brother and sister came in with their father. of the kids were very respectful to the man who held the door for them.Their “thank you” made an impression on me.When I received my change, I gave them some money to buy bread.I explained that I was so impressed their good manners.Their dad them to take it.Later that day, I met them again on the street, each carefully their little treat so that it would not get .They waved to me and smiled.As I smiled back, I imagined their to tell this event to their mum after they went back home.Who knows such kindness will lead.
Section Ⅴ Grammar & Writing
强调结构和表达完成的动词形式
单句语法填空
1．The twins don’t like listening to music, nor their parents.
答案：do
2．It was on the farm he met the lovely girl for the first time.
答案：that
3．He (paint) the wall since he got up this morning.
答案：has been painting
4．I’m sorry (keep) you waiting, but I was caught in the traffic jam.
答案：to have kept
5．The whole family (live) in the city before they came here.
答案：had been living/had lived
一、 强调结构
1．陈述语序的强调
句型
例句
用it进行强调
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋从句
It was not until he got ill that the boss let him have a rest. 直到病了，老板才让他休息。
It was because of the bad weather that the football match had to be put off.
因为天气糟糕，足球赛被推迟了。
用what进行强调
What sb.do/does/did＋is/was...
What they needed was water and food.
他们需要的是水和食物。
用all进行强调
All sb.do/ does/did＋is/was...
All that she wanted to know was whether her son had got well. 她想知道的是儿子是否已经痊愈。
2.倒装形式的强调
句型
例句
否定副词
never，
hardly，
seldom，
little，
few，not，
not only
放在句首
否定副词＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语．..
Never have we realized that the farmland is so precious.
我们从来没有认识到耕地是如此宝贵。
Seldom have we seen such big watermelons.
我们很少看到这么大的西瓜。
neither/nor
在句首，表示
另一个人或
另一种情况
也是如此
neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语．..
He doesn’t like smoking，neither do I.
他不喜欢抽烟，我也一样。
If you don’t go, nor will I.
如果你不去，我也不去。
not only置于
句首，主语和
谓语要部分
倒装，但but
(also)部分
不能倒装
not only＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语．..
but(also)＋主语＋动词．..
Not only should we study science，but also we should pay attention to politics.
我们不但要学好科学，也要关注政治。
hardly，no
sooner位于
句首时，主
语和谓语要
部分倒装
No sooner had＋主语＋done...than＋陈述句；Hardlyhad...done...when＋陈述句
No sooner had she said it than she burst into tears.
她刚一说完，泪水便夺眶而出。
Hardly had he entered the farmer’s house when he heard the dog barking.
一进入农夫家里，他就听见狗叫了起来。
Not until＋时间状语/从句
Not until＋时间状语/从句＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语．..
Not until we read more will we be able to improve our English. 只有多读，我们才能提高英语水平。
续 表
句型
例句
虚拟条件句
从句有助动
词were，had
或should
去掉if以后，were，had或should提前
Were she careful，she could have passed the exam.
如果她细心的话，她就能够考试及格了。
Had he not helped me，I would have failed in business. 如果他不帮我，我会在生意中失败。
表方位或方式的副词或介词短语， 如here, away, out, in the room等置于句首时， 句子倒装。
In the lecture hall waited thousands of students.
几千名学生等在报告厅里。
二、 表达完成的动词形式
表达完成的动词形式可以用来表达某特定时间前发生的动作， 包括动词的六种时态：现在完成时、 过去完成时、 将来完成时、 现在完成进行时、 过去完成进行时、 过去将来完成时； 非谓语动词的完成时， 包括：不定式的完成时、 不定式的完成进行时、 “v.-ing” 形式的完成时。
(一)动词表达完成的六种时态
1．现在完成时
(1)构成：has/have＋过去分词； 表示动作开始于过去， 并延续到现在或过去动作对现在产生了一定的影响或后果。
He has seen the film twice.
他已经看这部电影两遍了。
(2)现在完成时常见考点：
①for＋时间段； since＋时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
他们在北京住了五年了。(for＋时间段)
They have lived in Beijing since 2005.
自从2005年以来他们一直住在北京。(since＋时间点)
②出现不确定的时间状语：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now, till now, so far, these days等， 常用现在完成时。
Has it stopped raining yet?
雨已经停了吗？
③在表示“最近几年/月/周/天以来……” 时间状语：in the past few years/months/weeks/days; over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history等， 谓语用现在完成时。
In the past few days, the price of petrol has gone down throughout the country.
近几天来， 全国的石油价格已经降了下来。(in the past few days近几天来)
④表示“第几次做某事”，主句用现在时或在“It is the best(worst, most interesting)＋名词＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
这是我第一次访问这个城市。
2．过去完成时
(1)构成：had＋过去分词； 表示过去某一时间前已发生的动作或存在的状态。
When I got home, my father had gone to the flood-hit areas. 我到家时， 我的父亲已经去了发生洪灾的地区。
过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为起点， 即“过去的过去” , 因此只有在和过去的某个动作相比较时才能用到。
He had prepared well before he stepped onto the stage.
在走上舞台之前， 他已经做了充分的准备。
(2)过去完成时常见表达方式：
①用于hardly/scarcely...when...; no sooner...than...句型中， 主句用过去完成时， 从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
我刚完成我的工作他就来看我了。
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
我刚进入房间天就开始下雪了。
②表示“第几次做某事” , 主句用过去时， 从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. 那是她第二次见到她祖父。
③句中有动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用过去完成时， 表示未实现的愿望、 打算或意图。
I had intended to see you but my mother asked me to go shopping with her.
我原本打算见你， 但妈妈让我陪她购物。
3．将来完成时
构成：shall/will have＋过去分词； 表示在将来某一时间之前完成的动作， 并往往对将来某一时间产生影响， 常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
We will have reached our goal by the end of 2018.
到2018年年底之前， 我们将实现我们的目标。
4．现在完成进行时
构成：has/have been＋现在分词； 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态， 可能刚停止， 也可能还在继续进行。
These years China has been helping some poor countries.
这些年， 中国一直在帮助一些贫穷的国家。
5．过去完成进行时
构成：had been＋现在分词； 表示从过去某一时刻之前开始并延续到过去的动作或状态。
The football fan was very tired because he had been watching the league match the whole night.
这位足球迷非常疲劳， 因为他整个晚上都在看联赛。
6．过去将来完成时
构成：would have＋过去分词； 主要用于从过去某点时间看， 将来某一时刻前已经完成的事情。
They said they would have finished the work by the end of 2018. 他们说他们到2018年底前将完成那项工作。
(二)非谓语动词的完成时
1．不定式的完成时
构成：to have done; 表示说话时该动作已经完成。
I’m very sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.
我很抱歉让您等了那么久。
2．不定式的完成进行时
构成：(to) have been doing; 表示在谓语动词动作之前一直在进行的动作。
She is said to have been writing the novel about New York for years.
据说多年来她一直在写这本关于纽约的小说。
3．“v.-ing” 形式的完成时
构成：having done; 表示“v.-ing” 形式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
He apologized to us for not having kept his promise.
他因未履行自己的诺言而向我们道歉。
Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer. 由于抽烟太多， 他患了肺癌。
单句语法填空
1． You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.
答案：that
2． Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
答案：did
3．This is the first time that Jane (experience) disappointment.
答案：has experienced
4．They (work) in the lab since last night.
答案：have been working
5．By the time I am twenty, I (leave) for Paris.
答案：will have left
6．I (hope) to meet Mr.Thompson this morning, but I found nobody in the room.
答案：had hoped
7．There is no light in the room. Can they (go) out?
答案：have gone
8．As you worked late yesterday, you (not come) this morning.
答案：needn’t have come
9. (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat here again.
答案：Having eaten
10．I happened (drive) this kind of car before.
答案：to have driven
单句改错
1．It was in Beijing where I saw the film Zootopia.
答案：where→that
2．If you don’t attend the party, nor do I.
答案：do→will
3．Great changes had taken place in my hometown in the past few years.
答案：had→have
4．When you get there, I have finished all the work.
答案：have前加will
5．Having bitten by the dog twice, the postman refused to go to that village.
答案：bitten前加been
语法与写作
1．当你从国外回来时，你的儿子将大学毕业了。
When you return from abroad, your son ．
答案：will have graduated from college
2．回复了所有的电子邮件后，这个女人离开了办公室。
， the woman left the office.
答案：Having answered all the e-mails
3．整个早上电话一直在响，是找谁的？
The telephone . Who is wanted?
答案：has been ringing all the morning
4．这些孩子需要的是一些有用的书籍。
are some useful books.
答案：What these children need
5．直到他离开家他才意识到他是多么爱自己的父母。
Not until he left his home ．
答案：did he realize how he loved his parents
[学生用书P51]
如何写投诉信
文体感知
投诉信与普通书信的格式基本相同。但要注意的是， 写投诉信的目的是为了求得一个解决问题的办法而不是为了泄愤， 因此写信时一定要注意态度诚恳、 直截了当。一般说来， 一封投诉信应包括三个最基本的方面：1.投诉内容。一般放在信的开头。2.投诉原因。一般讲述对商品质量或售后服务不满意的地方。3.希望得到的结果。
写作要求
昨天学校组织你班学生去东方红化工厂参观， 你发现工厂附近的环境受到了严重污染， 河水污浊不堪， 于是决定给市长写一封投诉信， 要求政府加强对工厂的管理， 要求工厂采取措施处理污染， 保护环境。
内容：1.描述你所看到的情况；
2.发表自己的看法；
3.提出具体的措施。
注意：1.词数100左右， 开头和结尾已经给出， 但不计入总词数；
2.不得使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Dear Mayor,
I’m sorry to write to you, but
Thank you!
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
投诉信
话题
保护环境
时态
主体部分用一般现在时态和一般过去时态
人称
第一人称和第二人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①责任
②注意
③被污染
④被覆盖
⑤要求， 请求
⑥采取措施
⑦处理
⑧环境
答案：①responsibility ②pay attention to ③be polluted
④be covered with ⑤request ⑥take measures ⑦deal with ⑧environment
2．句式
①昨天学校组织我班学生参观东方红化工厂， 该厂规模很大， 是我市的纳税大户。
一般表达：Yesterday we were organized by our school to visit the Dongfanghong Chemical Factory.It is a large factory and a main source of tax in our city.
高级表达：(使用定语从句)
答案：Yesterday we were organized by our school to visit the Dongfanghong Chemical Factory, which is a large factory and a main source of tax in our city.
②只有用这种办法我们才能过上健康、 幸福的生活。
一般表达：We can live a healthy and happy life only in this way.
高级表达：(使用倒装句式)
答案：Only in this way can we live a healthy and happy life.
妙笔成篇
One possible version：
Dear Mayor,
I’m sorry to write to you, but I feel it my responsibility to do so, because we should pay attention to our living environment while developing our economy.
Yesterday we were organized by our school to visit the Dongfanghong Chemical Factory, which is a large factory and a main source of tax in our city. However, when we came out from the factory, we saw that the environment nearby was so badly polluted. The water in the river was so black and there were no living things in it. What’s worse, the trees and the grass were covered with a thick layer of dust. The crops as well as the people living there seemed unhealthy.
We request that our government order the factory to take measures and deal with the waste before they let it out into the environment. Only in this way can we live a healthy and happy life.
Thank you!
A卷
单句语法填空
1．I (know) him for more than ten years.
答案：have known
2．I (not see) any of Picasso’s paintings before I visited the art museum.
答案：had not seen
3．He (walk) to school before his father bought him a bicycle.
答案：had been walking
4．He (wait) for you since six o’clock.
答案：has been waiting
5．I (be) in hospital for two months next Sunday.
答案：will have been
6．It was the fence Tom painted white yesterday.
答案：that
7．It was not until dark he realized it was too late to return home.
答案：that
8．Not until twelve o’clock (do) he go to bed last night.
答案：did
9．It is said that there (be) wolves in this forest.
答案：were
10．By the time the case comes to trial, he (spend) a year in prison.
答案：will have spent
阅读理解
A
I spent three months volunteering with Volunteer Bolivia. It was at times annoying, scary and difficult, but also life-changing, satisfying and amazing. Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.
Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters. They were good friends from the beginning of my time there and I was looked after very well. I still had a lot of independence. The Volunteer Bolivia Centre, with its café bar and cultural talks, was a meeting place for all the volunteers and I met some wonderful people from all over the world who were doing the same as me—giving something of themselves to a country which needed so much.
My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons and from the very start I felt welcomed and needed. There I met some inspiring members who put so much of their heart into caring for those children who maybe had no one else to love them. The work itself was not only very hard but at times emotionally demanding, especially sending a group of two-year-olds back into the prison at the end of the day. Despite all this, I learnt a lot through the experience and now I’m more aware of the problems faced daily by many people in South America. The centre has very limited funding so they rely heavily on the work of volunteers, and any time people give is very valuable to them. Since returning to Britain I have kept in touch with the people I worked with and I’m trying to support them as much as possible. Volunteering through Volunteer Bolivia has changed my life and is an experience I will never forget.
【解题导语】 作者介绍了自己在The Volunteer Bolivia Centre做志愿者的经历。作者认为这段经历对自己影响很大， 是难忘的。
1．We can infer that the official language of Bolivia is most probably ．
A．English B．Spanish
C．French D．Italian
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.可知， Bolivia的官方语言是西班牙语。
2．Where did the author stay when she was in Bolivia?
A．In a hotel.
B．In the volunteer centre.
C．In a café bar.
D．With a local family.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters.可知， 作者是与当地的一个家庭住在一起。
3．The author’s job as a volunteer in Bolivia was to ．
A．raise money for some prisons
B．meet volunteers from other countries
C．look after some prisoners’ children
D．help the local people with their farm work
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons... those children who maybe had no one else to love them.可知， 作者志愿工作的内容是照看一些犯人的孩子。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．All people in Bolivia need the volunteers’ help.
B．There is the world’s largest number of prisoners in Bolivia.
C．The author was a college student when she went to Bolivia.
D．The author’s experience in Bolivia had a great effect on her.
D 解析：推理判断题。作者从第一段开始介绍， 这次志愿者工作的准备工作， 下文介绍了这次工作的具体内容和对自己的影响。故选D项。
B
At a young age, Patti Wilson was told by her doctor that she was an epileptic(癫痫病患者)．Her father, Jim Wilson, is a morning jogger.She ran with her father every day.After a few weeks, she told her father, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women.”Her father checked the Guinness World Records and found that the farthest any woman had run was 80 miles.
As a freshman in high school, Patti announced, “I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.”(A distance of 400 miles.) “As a sophomore(二年级学生)，”she went on, “I’m going to run to Portland, Oregon.”(Over 1，500 miles)．“As a junior, I’ll run to St.Louis.”(About 2，000 miles)．“As a senior, I’ll run to the White House.”(More than 3，000 miles away.)
In view of her handicap(缺陷)，Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic, but she said she looked at the handicap of being an epileptic as simply “an inconvenience”．She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had left.
That year she completed her run to San Francisco wearing a T-shirt that read, “I Love Epileptics.”In her sophomore year, Patti’s classmates got behind her.They built a large poster that read—“Run, Patti, Run！”
On her second marathon(马拉松)，a doctor told her she had to stop.“Doctor, you don’t understand，”she said.“I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that limit so many others.”
She finished the run to Portland, completing her last mile with the governor of Oregon.After four months of almost continuous running from the West Coast to the East Coast, Patti arrived in Washington and shook the hand of the then President of the United States.She told him，“I wanted people to know that epileptics are normal human beings with normal lives.”
Because of Patti’s efforts, enough money had been raised to open up 19 multi-million-dollar epileptic centers around the country.If Patti Wilson can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform(超越) yourself in a state of total wellness?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Patti虽身患癫痫病，但她能够突破自我，不懈努力，最终实现了自己打破女性长跑世界纪录的目标。
5．What was Patti’s goal?
A．To beat a record.
B．To help the disabled.
C．To run through the nation.
D．To make an international tour.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women可知，Patti想打破女性长跑的世界纪录。
6．How did Patti look at her illness?
A．She thought of it as a gift.
B．She devoted all her attention to it.
C．She faced it with discouragement.
D．She considered it a small difficulty.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Patti认为她患有癫痫病的这种缺陷只是一个小问题。
7．What did Patti do when a doctor asked her to stop her run?
A．She followed his advice.
B．She focused on her treatment.
C．She continued without quitting.
D．She asked for her classmates’ assistance.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that limit so many others.以及倒数第二段的描述可知，Patti并没有放弃，而是继续完成她的长跑计划。
8．Why did the author ask the question in the last paragraph?
A．To ask readers to answer it.
B．To get inactive people to run.
C．To encourage deep thinking.
D．To show his view on success.
C 解析：推理判断题。作者将Patti身患癫痫病与读者健康的状态(in a state of total wellness)进行对比，用Patti拥有的如此少，却可以做这么多，来对读者提问，目的是想引起读者深思。
语法填空
James Cameron was born in 1954. A science fiction fan as a child, he grew up to become one of 1. most outstanding film-makers in Hollywood. At first he studied physics at California State University, 2. he left to follow his cinematic dream. When he was working 3. a truck driver, Cameron would stop the truck by the side of the road to work on screenplays, which 4. (contribute) to his success. In 1978, Cameron made his first film, a science fiction short called Xenogenesis. The film helped him get a job with New World Pictures, a company run by 5. (know) B-movie director Roger Corman. Years later, Cameron began his masterpiece Titanic, a movie about unlucky lovers 6. (trap) aboard the Titanic ocean liner. Titanic eventually became the first film 7. (earn) nominations(提名). For his work on the film, he took home three Oscars.
Even though he 8. (win) countless awards, he still tries hard to be a director truly committed to his work. Perhaps that is the reason why he is so famous 9. (globe). He can create new kinds of films and take our 10. (imagine) to places where we have never gone before.
1．the 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处意为：最著名的电影制作者之一。故用最高级。
2．but 解析：考查连词的用法。此处表示转折，“但是他离开了大学去追寻电影梦想。”
3．as 解析：考查介词的用法。work as...担任……
4．contributed 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，故用一般过去时。
5．known 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语修饰director。
6．trapped 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
7．to earn 解析：考查非谓语动词。名词前面被the first修饰时，后面用不定式作后置定语。
8．has won 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：虽然他获得了无数的奖项，故用现在完成时。
9．globally 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。意为：全球出名。
10．imagination 解析：考查词性转换。our后接名词。imagination n．想象力。
B卷
阅读理解
A
There is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people’s beliefs in willpower determine how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise.“If you think of willpower as something that’s limited, you’re more likely to be tired when you perform a difficult task, ” said Prof. Veronika Job.“But if you think of willpower as something that is not easily used up, you can go on and on.”
The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percent more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation.
Mr. Job said.“The theory that willpower is a limited resource is interesting, but it has had unintended consequences. Students who may already have trouble studying are being told that their power of concentration is limited, and they need to take frequent breaks. But a belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
The findings could help people who are battling temptation. Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
【解题导语】 人们长久以来认为意志力是有限的， 所以人们累了就需要休息。但是一项新的研究表明， 人的意志力是无限的， 这会导致人们更加专注， 对于那些和诱惑做斗争的人， 这个发现是很有用的。
1．The theory that willpower is limited supports that ．
A．people must eat snacks when they feel tired
B．people do need a break to restore their willpower
C．there’s no way to strengthen people’s willpower
D．weak willpower doesn’t affect people’s life much
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.” 可知人们的意志力是有限的， 人们需要休息、食物或娱乐来修复他们的意志力。故选B。
2．What have the scientists long believed regarding willpower?
A．It is in the charge of people.
B．It is a limited resource.
C．There is no way to restore willpower.
D．It doesn’t easily run out.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you’re feeling better.” 可知科学家长期以来认为意志力是一个有限的资源。故选B。
3．Which of the following best helps the students to prepare better for their exams?
A．Push themselves even if they want to take a break.
B．Don’t eat fast food while studying.
C．Remind themselves willpower is not limited.
D．Stay in a comfortable and quiet place.
C 解析：细节理解题。从文章第四段的句子“After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over.” 可知孩子提醒自己意志力不是有限的可以帮助他们更好的准备考试。故选C。
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A new Theory About Willpower
B．How to Build Strong Willpower
C．The Great Influence of Willpower
D．Willpower Doesn’t Last Long
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全篇文章和第一段的句子“There is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.” 可知文章介绍了一个关于意志力的新发现。故选A。
B
Just outside the jungle, a crowd gathers around a wooden tower built on a steep hill.A young man climbs up the shaky structure(结构体) to a platform and ties vines(藤蔓) around his ankles and legs.Then he jumps off the tower headfirst.Just before he crashes to the ground, the vines go tight and his shoulders brush the earth.The crowd cheers as his friends run up to untie his feet, and another man begins climbing the tower.
This is a naghol ritual(陆地蹦极仪式)，also called land diving, an ancient tradition followed on Pentecost Island.Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.
Now, the ritual has become a rite of passage(成人礼仪式)．When a boy jumps for the first time, his mother throws away an item from his childhood, showing he has entered adulthood.Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.
The ritual is clearly dangerous though it is rare for anyone to die doing it.Divers make their own platforms and measure the vines themselves.Then no one else can be blamed for a deadly accident.
Land diving happens repeatedly throughout April and May.On any day of the diving, the whole village gathers.The mornings include music, dancing and sometimes plays, and later after all the dives, everyone enjoys a large meal. Visitors are allowed to watch though they aren’t permitted to jump.
But if you want to see land diving, you should prepare well in advance.There are few flights to Pentecost Island, and the island has only a small number of guest houses.
Jumping off a wooden tower and speeding toward the ground protected only by vines may seem crazy.But this practice led to the sport of bungee jumping(蹦极跳), which is now practiced all over the world.Land diving began as a way to make the land fertile, but it has become a sign of growing up and now a fun activity.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在 Pentecost岛上有一种传统的陆地蹦极仪式，这一仪式后来变成一种成人礼仪式，并衍生出一种极限运动——蹦极。
5．Why was the traditional naghol ritual on Pentecost Island performed?
A．To bring people good luck.
B．To choose a strong leader.
C．To expect a fruitful year.
D．To celebrate a festival.
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.可知，在Pentecost岛，人们举行陆地蹦极仪式，是期望有一个好收成。
6．What do we know about the rite of passage?
A．It is enjoyable.
B．It is male-intended.
C．It is practiced globally.
D．It is for people of all ages.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.可知，这一成人礼仪式不允许女性和小孩参加，但是几乎所有的男性都可以参加。
7．What are visitors of land diving advised to do?
A．Arrive before April.
B．Live outside Pentecost Island.
C．Challenge themselves to jump.
D．Make careful preparations beforehand.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的you should prepare well in advance...the island has only a small number of guest houses可知，游客如果想观看蹦极，需要提前做好准备，因为飞往Pentecost岛的航班较少，而且岛上的旅馆并不多。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Land Diving：Test Your Courage
B．Have Fun with a Dangerous Game
C．The Comeback of a Traditional Ritual
D．Pentecost Island：the Home of Land Diving
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Pentecost岛上传统的陆地蹦极仪式逐渐变成一种成人礼仪式，并衍生出一种极限运动——蹦极。A项作标题能概括文章主旨。
短文改错
One of my favorite proverb is “Happiness isn’t getting all you want but enjoying all you have”．It told us that we should learn to be content and value what we have. Many people chase after happiness all their lives, so they never know what happiness really means. They want possess as much as possible because they think the more they gain, the happy they will be. So they usually ignore that what they have. Such people will feel disappointing if they can’t get something that actually doesn’t belong to him. When this happens, they will think they are unluckily and even lose hopes of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate to the things and the people around us, and we will find true happiness.
答案：
One of my favorite is “Happiness isn’t getting all you want but enjoying all you have”．It us that we should learn to be content and value what we have. Many people chase after happiness all their lives, they never know what happiness really means. They want possess as much as possible because they think the more they gain, the they will be. So they usually ignore what they have. Such people will feel if they can’t get something that actually doesn’t belong to . When this happens, they will think they are and even lose hopes of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate the things and the people around us, and we will find true happiness.
书面表达
假设你是李华，最近在国外某购物网站购买了一本韦氏学生词典(Webster’s Dictionary for Students)，到货后你发现它存在缺页现象，而且随字典所附的光盘也无法使用。请你给卖家写一封电子邮件进行投诉。
注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about the Webster’s Dictionary for Students purchased from your website.
In the first place, a few pages like Page 205 and Page 206 are missing. In addition, the CD enclosed doesn’t work at all. Therefore, I would like to either change the dictionary for another one or get a full refund. I would be grateful if you could settle my complaint as soon as possible.
I hope you’ll pay full attention to the matter.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
课件58张PPT。Unit 23 Conflict本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
单句语法填空
1．I (know) him for more than ten years.
答案：have known
2．I (not see) any of Picasso’s paintings before I visited the art museum.
答案：had not seen
3．He (walk) to school before his father bought him a bicycle.
答案：had been walking
4．He (wait) for you since six o’clock.
答案：has been waiting
5．I (be) in hospital for two months next Sunday.
答案：will have been
6．It was the fence Tom painted white yesterday.
答案：that
7．It was not until dark he realized it was too late to return home.
答案：that
8．Not until twelve o’clock (do) he go to bed last night.
答案：did
9．It is said that there (be) wolves in this forest.
答案：were
10．By the time the case comes to trial, he (spend) a year in prison.
答案：will have spent
阅读理解
A
I spent three months volunteering with Volunteer Bolivia. It was at times annoying, scary and difficult, but also life-changing, satisfying and amazing. Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.
Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters. They were good friends from the beginning of my time there and I was looked after very well. I still had a lot of independence. The Volunteer Bolivia Centre, with its café bar and cultural talks, was a meeting place for all the volunteers and I met some wonderful people from all over the world who were doing the same as me—giving something of themselves to a country which needed so much.
My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons and from the very start I felt welcomed and needed. There I met some inspiring members who put so much of their heart into caring for those children who maybe had no one else to love them. The work itself was not only very hard but at times emotionally demanding, especially sending a group of two-year-olds back into the prison at the end of the day. Despite all this, I learnt a lot through the experience and now I’m more aware of the problems faced daily by many people in South America. The centre has very limited funding so they rely heavily on the work of volunteers, and any time people give is very valuable to them. Since returning to Britain I have kept in touch with the people I worked with and I’m trying to support them as much as possible. Volunteering through Volunteer Bolivia has changed my life and is an experience I will never forget.
【解题导语】 作者介绍了自己在The Volunteer Bolivia Centre做志愿者的经历。作者认为这段经历对自己影响很大， 是难忘的。
1．We can infer that the official language of Bolivia is most probably ．
A．English B．Spanish
C．French D．Italian
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的Because I had studied Spanish for a couple of years before I went out, I had just one week of classes at Volunteer Bolivia.可知， Bolivia的官方语言是西班牙语。
2．Where did the author stay when she was in Bolivia?
A．In a hotel.
B．In the volunteer centre.
C．In a café bar.
D．With a local family.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的Living with a family also helped my Spanish greatly and I felt immediately like one of their daughters.可知， 作者是与当地的一个家庭住在一起。
3．The author’s job as a volunteer in Bolivia was to ．
A．raise money for some prisons
B．meet volunteers from other countries
C．look after some prisoners’ children
D．help the local people with their farm work
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的My placement was in a caring centre for prisoners’ children from the Cochabamba prisons... those children who maybe had no one else to love them.可知， 作者志愿工作的内容是照看一些犯人的孩子。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．All people in Bolivia need the volunteers’ help.
B．There is the world’s largest number of prisoners in Bolivia.
C．The author was a college student when she went to Bolivia.
D．The author’s experience in Bolivia had a great effect on her.
D 解析：推理判断题。作者从第一段开始介绍， 这次志愿者工作的准备工作， 下文介绍了这次工作的具体内容和对自己的影响。故选D项。
B
At a young age, Patti Wilson was told by her doctor that she was an epileptic(癫痫病患者)．Her father, Jim Wilson, is a morning jogger.She ran with her father every day.After a few weeks, she told her father, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women.”Her father checked the Guinness World Records and found that the farthest any woman had run was 80 miles.
As a freshman in high school, Patti announced, “I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.”(A distance of 400 miles.) “As a sophomore(二年级学生)，”she went on, “I’m going to run to Portland, Oregon.”(Over 1，500 miles)．“As a junior, I’ll run to St.Louis.”(About 2，000 miles)．“As a senior, I’ll run to the White House.”(More than 3，000 miles away.)
In view of her handicap(缺陷)，Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic, but she said she looked at the handicap of being an epileptic as simply “an inconvenience”．She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had left.
That year she completed her run to San Francisco wearing a T-shirt that read, “I Love Epileptics.”In her sophomore year, Patti’s classmates got behind her.They built a large poster that read—“Run, Patti, Run！”
On her second marathon(马拉松)，a doctor told her she had to stop.“Doctor, you don’t understand，”she said.“I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that limit so many others.”
She finished the run to Portland, completing her last mile with the governor of Oregon.After four months of almost continuous running from the West Coast to the East Coast, Patti arrived in Washington and shook the hand of the then President of the United States.She told him，“I wanted people to know that epileptics are normal human beings with normal lives.”
Because of Patti’s efforts, enough money had been raised to open up 19 multi-million-dollar epileptic centers around the country.If Patti Wilson can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform(超越) yourself in a state of total wellness?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Patti虽身患癫痫病，但她能够突破自我，不懈努力，最终实现了自己打破女性长跑世界纪录的目标。
5．What was Patti’s goal?
A．To beat a record.
B．To help the disabled.
C．To run through the nation.
D．To make an international tour.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的what I’d really love to do is break the world’s long-distance running record for women可知，Patti想打破女性长跑的世界纪录。
6．How did Patti look at her illness?
A．She thought of it as a gift.
B．She devoted all her attention to it.
C．She faced it with discouragement.
D．She considered it a small difficulty.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Patti认为她患有癫痫病的这种缺陷只是一个小问题。
7．What did Patti do when a doctor asked her to stop her run?
A．She followed his advice.
B．She focused on her treatment.
C．She continued without quitting.
D．She asked for her classmates’ assistance.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的I’m doing it to break the chains on the brains that limit so many others.以及倒数第二段的描述可知，Patti并没有放弃，而是继续完成她的长跑计划。
8．Why did the author ask the question in the last paragraph?
A．To ask readers to answer it.
B．To get inactive people to run.
C．To encourage deep thinking.
D．To show his view on success.
C 解析：推理判断题。作者将Patti身患癫痫病与读者健康的状态(in a state of total wellness)进行对比，用Patti拥有的如此少，却可以做这么多，来对读者提问，目的是想引起读者深思。
语法填空
James Cameron was born in 1954. A science fiction fan as a child, he grew up to become one of 1. most outstanding film-makers in Hollywood. At first he studied physics at California State University, 2. he left to follow his cinematic dream. When he was working 3. a truck driver, Cameron would stop the truck by the side of the road to work on screenplays, which 4. (contribute) to his success. In 1978, Cameron made his first film, a science fiction short called Xenogenesis. The film helped him get a job with New World Pictures, a company run by 5. (know) B-movie director Roger Corman. Years later, Cameron began his masterpiece Titanic, a movie about unlucky lovers 6. (trap) aboard the Titanic ocean liner. Titanic eventually became the first film 7. (earn) nominations(提名). For his work on the film, he took home three Oscars.
Even though he 8. (win) countless awards, he still tries hard to be a director truly committed to his work. Perhaps that is the reason why he is so famous 9. (globe). He can create new kinds of films and take our 10. (imagine) to places where we have never gone before.
1．the 解析：考查冠词的用法。此处意为：最著名的电影制作者之一。故用最高级。
2．but 解析：考查连词的用法。此处表示转折，“但是他离开了大学去追寻电影梦想。”
3．as 解析：考查介词的用法。work as...担任……
4．contributed 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，故用一般过去时。
5．known 解析：考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语修饰director。
6．trapped 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。
7．to earn 解析：考查非谓语动词。名词前面被the first修饰时，后面用不定式作后置定语。
8．has won 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：虽然他获得了无数的奖项，故用现在完成时。
9．globally 解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语。意为：全球出名。
10．imagination 解析：考查词性转换。our后接名词。imagination n．想象力。
B卷
阅读理解
A
There is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.
Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you’re feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.
But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people’s beliefs in willpower determine how long and how well they’ll be able to work on a tough mental exercise.“If you think of willpower as something that’s limited, you’re more likely to be tired when you perform a difficult task, ” said Prof. Veronika Job.“But if you think of willpower as something that is not easily used up, you can go on and on.”
The researchers designed four experiments to test students’ beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percent more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation.
Mr. Job said.“The theory that willpower is a limited resource is interesting, but it has had unintended consequences. Students who may already have trouble studying are being told that their power of concentration is limited, and they need to take frequent breaks. But a belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.”
The findings could help people who are battling temptation. Willpower isn’t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.
【解题导语】 人们长久以来认为意志力是有限的， 所以人们累了就需要休息。但是一项新的研究表明， 人的意志力是无限的， 这会导致人们更加专注， 对于那些和诱惑做斗争的人， 这个发现是很有用的。
1．The theory that willpower is limited supports that ．
A．people must eat snacks when they feel tired
B．people do need a break to restore their willpower
C．there’s no way to strengthen people’s willpower
D．weak willpower doesn’t affect people’s life much
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.” 可知人们的意志力是有限的， 人们需要休息、食物或娱乐来修复他们的意志力。故选B。
2．What have the scientists long believed regarding willpower?
A．It is in the charge of people.
B．It is a limited resource.
C．There is no way to restore willpower.
D．It doesn’t easily run out.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“Scientists have long assumed that willpower is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you’re feeling better.” 可知科学家长期以来认为意志力是一个有限的资源。故选B。
3．Which of the following best helps the students to prepare better for their exams?
A．Push themselves even if they want to take a break.
B．Don’t eat fast food while studying.
C．Remind themselves willpower is not limited.
D．Stay in a comfortable and quiet place.
C 解析：细节理解题。从文章第四段的句子“After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over.” 可知孩子提醒自己意志力不是有限的可以帮助他们更好的准备考试。故选C。
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A new Theory About Willpower
B．How to Build Strong Willpower
C．The Great Influence of Willpower
D．Willpower Doesn’t Last Long
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全篇文章和第一段的句子“There is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams—you don’t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.” 可知文章介绍了一个关于意志力的新发现。故选A。
B
Just outside the jungle, a crowd gathers around a wooden tower built on a steep hill.A young man climbs up the shaky structure(结构体) to a platform and ties vines(藤蔓) around his ankles and legs.Then he jumps off the tower headfirst.Just before he crashes to the ground, the vines go tight and his shoulders brush the earth.The crowd cheers as his friends run up to untie his feet, and another man begins climbing the tower.
This is a naghol ritual(陆地蹦极仪式)，also called land diving, an ancient tradition followed on Pentecost Island.Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.
Now, the ritual has become a rite of passage(成人礼仪式)．When a boy jumps for the first time, his mother throws away an item from his childhood, showing he has entered adulthood.Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.
The ritual is clearly dangerous though it is rare for anyone to die doing it.Divers make their own platforms and measure the vines themselves.Then no one else can be blamed for a deadly accident.
Land diving happens repeatedly throughout April and May.On any day of the diving, the whole village gathers.The mornings include music, dancing and sometimes plays, and later after all the dives, everyone enjoys a large meal. Visitors are allowed to watch though they aren’t permitted to jump.
But if you want to see land diving, you should prepare well in advance.There are few flights to Pentecost Island, and the island has only a small number of guest houses.
Jumping off a wooden tower and speeding toward the ground protected only by vines may seem crazy.But this practice led to the sport of bungee jumping(蹦极跳), which is now practiced all over the world.Land diving began as a way to make the land fertile, but it has become a sign of growing up and now a fun activity.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在 Pentecost岛上有一种传统的陆地蹦极仪式，这一仪式后来变成一种成人礼仪式，并衍生出一种极限运动——蹦极。
5．Why was the traditional naghol ritual on Pentecost Island performed?
A．To bring people good luck.
B．To choose a strong leader.
C．To expect a fruitful year.
D．To celebrate a festival.
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的Traditionally, if a diver touched the ground with his shoulders, this was believed to ensure a good harvest.可知，在Pentecost岛，人们举行陆地蹦极仪式，是期望有一个好收成。
6．What do we know about the rite of passage?
A．It is enjoyable.
B．It is male-intended.
C．It is practiced globally.
D．It is for people of all ages.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的Women and young children are not allowed to dive, but almost any male can participate.可知，这一成人礼仪式不允许女性和小孩参加，但是几乎所有的男性都可以参加。
7．What are visitors of land diving advised to do?
A．Arrive before April.
B．Live outside Pentecost Island.
C．Challenge themselves to jump.
D．Make careful preparations beforehand.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的you should prepare well in advance...the island has only a small number of guest houses可知，游客如果想观看蹦极，需要提前做好准备，因为飞往Pentecost岛的航班较少，而且岛上的旅馆并不多。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Land Diving：Test Your Courage
B．Have Fun with a Dangerous Game
C．The Comeback of a Traditional Ritual
D．Pentecost Island：the Home of Land Diving
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Pentecost岛上传统的陆地蹦极仪式逐渐变成一种成人礼仪式，并衍生出一种极限运动——蹦极。A项作标题能概括文章主旨。
短文改错
One of my favorite proverb is “Happiness isn’t getting all you want but enjoying all you have”．It told us that we should learn to be content and value what we have. Many people chase after happiness all their lives, so they never know what happiness really means. They want possess as much as possible because they think the more they gain, the happy they will be. So they usually ignore that what they have. Such people will feel disappointing if they can’t get something that actually doesn’t belong to him. When this happens, they will think they are unluckily and even lose hopes of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate to the things and the people around us, and we will find true happiness.
答案：
One of my favorite is “Happiness isn’t getting all you want but enjoying all you have”．It us that we should learn to be content and value what we have. Many people chase after happiness all their lives, they never know what happiness really means. They want possess as much as possible because they think the more they gain, the they will be. So they usually ignore what they have. Such people will feel if they can’t get something that actually doesn’t belong to . When this happens, they will think they are and even lose hopes of life. Remember being content is happiness. Concentrate the things and the people around us, and we will find true happiness.
书面表达
假设你是李华，最近在国外某购物网站购买了一本韦氏学生词典(Webster’s Dictionary for Students)，到货后你发现它存在缺页现象，而且随字典所附的光盘也无法使用。请你给卖家写一封电子邮件进行投诉。
注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about the Webster’s Dictionary for Students purchased from your website.
In the first place, a few pages like Page 205 and Page 206 are missing. In addition, the CD enclosed doesn’t work at all. Therefore, I would like to either change the dictionary for another one or get a full refund. I would be grateful if you could settle my complaint as soon as possible.
I hope you’ll pay full attention to the matter.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[学生用书P52]
compromise n． 妥协， 让步
vi. 妥协， 让步
(1)come to a compromise 达成妥协
(2)compromise with sb. 向某人妥协
compromise on sth. 就某事妥协
expose vt. 显露； 使置身于危险中；
暴露； 揭露
(1)expose...to．.. 使……显露/暴露于……
expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事
expose sb.to sth. 使某人接触到某物；
使某人面临遭受某事
(2)be exposed to 暴露于……； 处于可能受伤害的境地
classify vt. 把……分类， 归类
(1)classify...as．.. 划分， 界定；
把……划分为……
(2)classified adj. 分类的
be classified into 分类为； 归类
(3)classification n. 分类； 种类
appoint vt. 任命， 委任
(1)appoint sb.to do sth. 任命某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命； 约会
make an appointment with sb.
和某人约会
(3)appointed adj. 指定的
possession n. 私有物品， 财产； 拥有
in possession of 拥有， 占有
in the possession of 被……占有(拥有)
take possession of 拥有， 占有
have possession of 拥有， 占有
distribute vt. 分发， 分配， 发送； 提供； 分布
(1)distribute...to... 把……分配给……
distribute...among sb. 在某人中间分配……
(2)distribution n． 分发， 分配， 分送； 分布
intend vt. 想要， 打算
intend to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended for．.. 专供……(使用); 旨在……
had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事(但没有做)
turn to 求助于； 转向
turn on 打开
turn down 调小； 拒绝
turn off 关闭
turn over 翻转
turn out 结果是
turn up 出现； 露面
hand over 把……交给； 移交(权力、 责任等)
hand back 归还
hand down 传下来； 传给后世
hand in 交上去(给老师或上级)
hand on 传递给另一个人
hand out 散发， 分发
stand up for 保护， 维护； 支持； 坚持
stand by 支持； 袖手旁观；
信守承诺； 准备行动
stand for 代表， 象征， 主张， 支持
stand out 突出， 显眼， 出色
stand up 站立， (论点等)站得住脚
put forward 提议，提出(主意、 计划等); 推举， 提名； 提前， 把 (钟表等)向前拨
put aside 把……搁在一边， 储蓄
put away 把……收拾好/放好，
储存
put down 放下， 镇压
put off 推迟， 延期
put out 扑灭， 出版， 生产
put up 张贴， 举起， 搭建， 供给膳宿
give in 屈服， 让步
give away 赠送； 泄露， 出卖
give back 归还； 恢复
give off 发出(光、 热、 气味等)
give out 分发； 发布； 发出(声音、
光、 气体等)；耗尽
give up 放弃
send for 派人去叫……
send away 打发走
send back 退还； 送回
send off 寄出
send out 分发； 发出
send up 发射
1. 现在分词短语作原因状语
Being a bachelor, Yang Ming held parties every night but the biggest problem was his late-night drumming.
【仿写】 因为贫穷， 他小时候没有上学。
Being very poor, he didn’t go to school when he was very young.
2．no sooner...than...引导的倒装句
No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.
【仿写】 他一回到家， 就听见妻子在抱怨。
No sooner had he got home than he heard that his wife was complaining.
3．不定式作后置定语
The worst thing to do when someone is angry is to be angry back.
【仿写】 最后到达剧场的人都站了一个晚上。
The last people to arrive at the theatre stood for the whole night.
4．have＋宾语＋done 使……被……
This patient still had fresh scars from his first visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off...
【仿写】 明天无论我多忙， 我也要让人把自行车修理了。
No matter how busy I am, I will have my bike repaired tomorrow.
5．the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……
In fact, the more I use the bike, the more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.
【仿写】 我读书越多， 就越觉得我们的生活有趣。
The more books I read, the more interesting I will find our life.
1．It was at eight o’clock that I went to sleep yesterday.
2．I had hardly opened the door when` he called me.
3．The repairman has repaired(repair) your car, and you can have it now.
4．All these days he has been writing(write) articles to our magazine.
5．Before she came to China, Grace had taught(teach) English in a middle school for about five years.
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文， 并背诵成文。
1．这个年轻人决心查出是谁出卖了他的父亲， 所以他开始调查这个案子。(强调句型； betray; look into)
2．一天他正在考虑这个案子， 这时他的朋友提出了一个好主意。(be doing...when; put forward)
3．他赞成这个主意， 派人去叫来一些青少年。(subscribe to; send for; adolescent)
4．即使有一个青少年顶撞他， 他还是与他们达成了协议。(even if; contradict; compromise)
5．让他兴奋的是， 这些青少年很快使一些证据呈现在大众面前。(what引导名词性从句； expose)
6．他一得到这些证据就交给了警察。(no sooner...than...)
One possible version：
The young man decided to find out who it was that betrayed his father, so he began to look into the case. One day he was considering the case when his friend put forward a good idea. He subscribed to the idea, so he sent for some adolescents. He reached a compromise with the adolescents even if one of them contradicted him. What excited him was that the adolescents had some evidence exposed to the public.No sooner had he got the evidence than he gave it to the police.
课件25张PPT。Unit 23 Conflictcompromise to on expose totoclassify asintoappoint to dowith possession the ofdistributeamong intend forto do turn todownover outhand overbackinoutstand up forbyforupput forwardasideoffupgive inawaybackoutsend forbackupBeing very poorNo sooner had he got home thanThe last people to arrive athave my bike repairedthe more interesting that whenhas repairedhas been writinghad taught本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
