世界上讲英语的国家很多。两个来自不同国家的人虽然都讲英语，但他们讲的英语却不尽相同，甚至这两人所受的文化熏陶也是截然不同的。
The Many Faces of English
At the start of October, I started working in France.This is the first time I’ve worked at a school large enough to need not one, but two English language assistants(助手)．
My hometown is Stirling in Scotland.The other assistant is from New Delhi in India.We come from countries that are 700 miles away from each other and our backgrounds could not be more different, but we speak the same language!
These first two weeks have been very interesting for both of us and our students.For example, I’ve discovered that, while Indian English is based on British English, my Indian roommate uses some American words like chips instead of crisps.When she phones home, she speaks Hinglish—a mixture of Hindi and English, the two official languages in India.
There are more than just differences in language, however! While in the UK most young people leave home when they are around 18 years old, in India they often stay at home until they are married.She’s getting married in India in a few months.After she’s married, she’ll live with her husband and her husband’s parents.
She’d never heard of the celebration Guy Fawkes Night, when British people enjoy fireworks(烟火) to remember Guy Fawkes’ failure to destroy the British Parliament on 5th November 1605.I’ve also introduced her to some British TV series such as Fawlty Towers and Monty Python, which she now loves as much as I do!
In turn, she’s taught me about Indian festivals I’d never heard of, like Raksha Bandhan which celebrates love and duty between brothers and sisters.
Next, she’s planning to show me Bollywood films.I did some Bollywood dance at university, but am ashamed to admit(承认) that I’ve never seen a Bollywood film!
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的
2.voyage n. 航行；航海
3.native adj. 本国的；本地的
n. 本地人；本国人
4.apartment n． (美)公寓住宅；单元住宅
5.vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表
6.spelling n. 拼写；拼法
拓展词汇
7.base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的
8.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
9.enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善→rich adj.富有的
10.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最近的；最新的→later adj.后期的→lately adv.近来；最近→late adj.迟的；晚的
11.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅
12.frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently adv.常常；频繁地
阅读词汇
13.subway n． 地下人行道；(美)地铁
14.elevator n. 电梯；升降机
15.petrol n. (英)汽油
16.gas n． 汽油；气体；煤气；毒气
17.identity n. 本身；本体；身份
重点短语
1.because of 因为；由于
2.come up 走近；上来；提出
3.at present 现在；目前
4.make use of 利用；使用
5.such as 例如……；像这种的
6.be based on 以……为基础
7.communicate with 交际，交流
8.the number of ……的数量/数目
重点句型
1.why not do sth.提建议句式
Why not go by Underground? (为什么不乘坐地铁去呢？)
2.even if引导让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak(即使他们不说) the same kind of English.
3.more...than...与其说……倒不如说……
It was based more on German than the English(与其说以英语倒不如说以德语为基础) we speak at present.
4.the number of...作主语
Today the number of people learning English(学习英语的人数) in China is increasing rapidly.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
1．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．How to learn English well?
B．The history of the English language.
C．The differences between old English and modern English.
D．English is widely used all over the world.
答案：B
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．the example of the difference between different native English speakers
Para.2 B．wide use of English
Para.3 C．English is a language spoken all around the world
Para.4 D．why English has changed over time
Para.5 E．English was settled
答案：BADEC
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．At the end of the 16th century, about ________ people spoke English.
A．five to six million B．five to seven million
C．six to seven million D．seven to eight million
2．If people speak different kinds of English, they ________．
A．can’t communicate with each other
B．can only be understood by those who speak the same kind of English
C．can’t be understood by foreigners
D．can understand each other
3．Why do more people speak English?
A．Because it is an international language.
B．Because it has the largest number of speakers.
C．Because it is easy to learn.
D．Because it always stays the same.
4．Which country may have the largest number of English learners in the world?
A．Australia. B．China.
C．India. D．Britain.
答案：1－4.BDAB
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
[翻译] 起初， 大约在公元450年至公元1150年之间， 英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。
2．Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.
[翻译] 然后， 渐渐地， 大约在公元800年到公元1150年之间， 英语就不那么像德语了， 因为那些统治英国的人开始讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。
①at the end of 在……结束时；在……尽头
②voyage['v?IId?]n.航行；航海
③because of因为；由于
④native['neItIv]adj.本国的； 本地的 n．本地人；本国人
⑤flat[fl?t]n.(英)公寓，单元房
⑥come up走近；上来；提出⑧apartment[?'pɑ?tm?nt]n.(美)公寓住宅；单元住宅
⑦apartment[?'pɑ?tm?nt]n.(美)公寓住宅；单元住宅
⑧over time 随着时间的推移
⑨actually['?kt???lI]adv.实际上；事实上
⑩at first 起先，起初
?base[beIs]vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
?at present现在；目前
?gradually['ɡr?d???lI]adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
gradual['gr?d???l]adj.逐渐的；逐步的
?rule vt.统治 n．规则
?settler['setl?(r)]n.移民
settle['setl]v.确定；解决；定居
?enrich[In'rIt?]vt.充实；使富裕；改善
?vocabulary[v?'k?bj?l?rI]n.词汇；词汇量；词表
?make use of利用；使用
?spelling['spelI?]n.拼写；拼法
?latter['l?t?]adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
he former...the latter... 前者……后者……
t separate['sepr?t]adj.不同的， 单独的
identity[aI'dent?tI]n.本身； 本体；身份
identity card 身份证
fluent['flu??nt]adj.流利的；流畅的
be fluent in在……方面流利
fluently['flu??ntlI]adv.流利地；流畅地
such as例如……；像这种的
the number of...……的数量/数目
【核心素养链接·文化采风】
对美国人来说，让单词拼写变得简单的是一位叫诺厄·韦伯斯特的人，他因其所著的《美国英语词典》而为人所知。该词典于1828年首次出版。它引进了许多新的美式英语单词，并且带有它们的发音、用法和新的拼法。英国人批评这本词典，但它很快成了美国的标准参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典仍是美国学生的首选词典。
THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH
At the end of①the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages②other parts of the world and because of③that，English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before.
Native④English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example：
◆even if在此引导让步状语从句。
British Betty：Would you like to see my flat⑤？
American Amy：Yes.I’d like to come up⑥to your apartment⑦.
So why has English changed over time⑧？Actually⑨all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other．At first⑩ the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was based?more on German than the English we speak at present?.Then gradually?between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled?England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers?enriched?the English language and especially its vocabulary?. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of?a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.
◆when 引导时间状语从句，从句中and连接两个并列的谓语动词meet和communicate。
◆过去分词短语spoken...and 1150作后置定语，修饰the English。
◆we speak at present为省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the English, 关系词在从句中作宾语， 故可省略。
◆because引导原因状语从句，从句中who ruled England为who引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词those。
Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling?happened：first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter?gave a separateidentityto American English spelling.
◆现在分词短语learning English in China作后置定语， 修饰people, 该短语可转换为定语从句who are learning English in China。
通向现代英语之路
16世纪末，大约有500万到700万人说英语。他们几乎都生活在英国。后来在下个世纪，英国人出海远航以征服世界其他地区； 于是，许多其他国家开始说英语。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是将其作为第一语言，有的是将其作为第二语言或一门外语。
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。请看这个例子：
英国人贝蒂：你要去看看我的公寓吗？
美国人艾米：好的，我很乐意到你的公寓去。
那么，随着时间的推移，英语为什么会变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。起初，大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间，英国人所说的英语与他们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到公元1150年之间，英语就不那么像德语了，因为那些统治英国的人起初讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。这些新的移民丰富了英语这门语言，尤其是英语词汇。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。1620年，一些英国移民到了美洲。后来在18世纪，也有一些英国人被带到了澳大利亚。(于是)这两个国家的人都开始说英语。
最后到19世纪，这种语言定型了。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
如今英语在南亚也被当作一门外语或第二语言来使用。例如，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，因为英国在1765年到1947年间统治着印度。在那期间，英语成了政府使用的语言和教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲的一些国家(如南非)，人们也说英语。如今，在中国，学英语的人数在迅速增多。事实上，中国或许是世界上英语学习者最多的国家。中国式英语会形成自己的特征吗？这个问题只能由时间来回答了。
阅读理解
A
My name is Lwazi Nzimande.I started my schooling at Thukeyana Primary Farm School in Underberg, KwaZulu-Natal.
I had a favourite teacher in primary school.Her name was Miss Dube.She taught me natural science and human and social sciences in grade six and seven, and had a way of pushing learners to be able to think for themselves.She made sure that each and every learner took part in every lesson.She used pictures, diagrams(图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students.As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability(可靠性)．Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don’t you?
In my opinion, patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability are some of the things that all teachers should have and show.A patient teacher is one who understands that some learners need more explanation than others to understand something in class.He or she should always be willing to help learners.An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.A teacher who is respected will find it easy to control a class.Respect is earned through what a teacher says to learners or how he or she deals with them in general.
Miss Dube often told us not to bad-mouth or make fun of others. She also did so.She never bad-mouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners. She thought making fun of learners in front of others would hurt them and damage their confidence.
Miss Dube was also very honest. From my point of view, that’s also what a good teacher should be like. If she didn’t have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know. This set a good example to the learners.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Miss Dube是作者小学阶段最喜欢的老师，这是为什么呢？
1．Why was Miss Dube the author’s favourite teacher in primary school?
A．Because of her rich knowledge.
B．Because of her good appearance.
C．Because of her teaching style and character.
D．Because of her lifestyle and attitude to students.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了Miss Dube的教学方式，又根据这一段的As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability(可靠性)．Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don’t you？可知答案。
2．What does the author think an open-minded teacher should do?
A．Pay close attention to every student’s improvement.
B．Tell about something outside the textbook.
C．Avoid believing everything in the textbook.
D．Show great respect for her students.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.可知， 一位思想开明的老师不会仅仅局限于课本， 会讲一些课外的知识。
3．What can we learn about Miss Dube from Paragraph 4?
A．She liked praising her students.
B．She was very confident in class.
C．She got along well with other teachers.
D．She set a good example to her students.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知， Miss Dube经常教育学生不要说别人坏话或嘲笑别人，她自己也能以身作则，从不在学生面前说别的老师的坏话，也不取笑学生，给学生树立了一个良好的榜样。
4．What does the underlined word“This”in the last paragraph mean?
A．Being a very patient teacher.
B．Answering students’ questions.
C．Being honest in front of students.
D．Teaching students very difficult things.
C 解析：代词指代题。根据末段的Miss Dube was also very honest.以及If she didn’t have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.可知“This”是指在学生面前很诚实一事。
B
How do you refer to(指) those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perhaps they’re rad? In the 1980s, you might have called them bad. What do all these interesting words have in common? They’re all slang(俚语) words.
The word “slang” has an interesting beginning. It began as a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country. Over time, it was used to refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special places. Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech these salesmen used to advertise their goods.
Language develops continuously over time. New words and new meanings for old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaking and writing. Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive. Over recent years, many slang words have come from three sources: popular music, politics(政治), and the Internet. Popular music, especially rap and hip hop, has led to many slang words as singers come up with increasingly creative ways to express themselves. For better or worse, some words have taken on new meanings.
Perhaps the biggest source of slang words, however, is the Internet. In today’s world, that fact should surprise no one. Whether it’s the changing nature of technology itself or a quickly-changing trend(趋势), the Internet provides ideas for new slang words more than anything else does. It also helps those words to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever before. Thanks to the popularity of the Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。英语中有很多俚语，它们生动有趣，富有创造性。现代俚语一般有三个来源：流行音乐、政治及互联网。
5．What do we know about the words mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．They are all very common. B．They are all different dialects.
C．They all have the same meaning. D．They all refer to interesting things.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，文章给出的这几个单词都可以用来形容很棒的人、事或经历等。它们都是俚语，都有着共同的含义。
6．What do we know about slang words according to Paragraph 3?
A．They offer new ideas to singers.
B．They can show users’ creativity.
C．They are used more in speaking than in writing.
D．They give people new ways to express themselves.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的New words and new meanings for old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways可知，人们努力用新的、创造性的方式来表达自己时，新词或旧词新意就出现了。所以，俚语也可以让人们用新方式表达自己。
7．How is the influence of the Internet on slang words?
A．It is fast and wide. B．It is harmful.
C．It is long-lasting. D．It is indirect.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为互联网能够使俚语迅速传播。相比起过去的几年或几个月的时间，它能够使一个新的俚语在几天内在全世界范围内迅速传播。
8．What’s the best title for the text?
A．The Power of Language
B．Where Do Slang Words Come From?
C．How Can We Correctly Use Slang Words?
D．The Influence of the Internet on Slang Words
B 解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了单词slang的起源及现代俚语一般有三个来源。
完形填空
I looked at my photos and began to recall(回忆) my life. Then a __1__ of my grandma caught my eye. She was a tall, strong and healthy woman. She, like most people in her village, __2__ jasmine(茉莉) flowers.
Summer is the time to pick jasmine flowers which will be sent to the factory to make jasmine tea. Helping my grandma pick jasmines has been my __3__ since I was 13. The jasmine field was so __4__ with lots of flowers and their good smells, __5__ it was hard to pick these flowers for hours in the strong sunlight. When I got __6__ and wanted to give up, I __7__ my grandma who kept busy picking flowers. Seeing her work hard, I __8__ strength(力气) to keep going. By working with her, I learned to work until the job was __9__．
Grandma lived a poor life but she never lost her __10__. In her old age, she didn’t __11__ to work because her children could support(赡养) her. But, she still worked to give her money to the Senior Center, which __12__ me. In my mind, people work hard to __13__ their lives, instead of giving money away.She __14__， saying, “I have worked for a lifetime. __15__ has become part of my life. When I was in __16__， I had a lot of help from the neighbors, who are now in the Senior Center. I want to pay them back. I want to be __17__．”
I always remember her __18__ and think deeply about my future work.I __19__ that a job is not only a way to make a living, but also a way to __20__ people and make this world a better place.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过本文深情地回忆了勤劳善良的奶奶，她一生贫穷却时时想着帮助他人。
1．A.gift B．diary
C．letter D．picture
D 解析：根据上文I looked at my photos可知， 作者在翻看相片的时候，看到了奶奶的照片。
2．A.picked B．planted
C．wanted D．preferred
A 解析：根据下文Helping my grandma pick jasmines可知， 奶奶像大多数的村民一样，靠采摘茉莉花为生。
3．A.chance B．trouble
C．job D．advice
C 解析：根据下文I learned to work until the job was 可知， 自从13岁起作者就跟着奶奶采摘茉莉花， 他已经把这当成一项工作。
4．A.important B．wonderful
C．safe D．far
B 解析：根据下文with lots of flowers and their good smells可知， 置身于茉莉花田中闻着花香，作者感到很美妙。
5．A.but B．and
C．or D．so
A 解析：茉莉花田虽然美，但在烈日下采摘茉莉花是一件不容易的事。
6．A.lost B．cold
C．sad D．tired
D 解析：从下文wanted to give up可知， 此处指作者累到想要放弃。
7．A.ran into B．looked at
C．waited for D．cared about
B 解析：根据下文Seeing her work hard可知， 作者看到正在忙着采摘茉莉花的奶奶。
8．A.doubted B．tested
C．recovered D．used
C 解析：根据下文I learned to work until the job was 可知， 作者又恢复了继续工作的力量。
9．A.done B．checked
C．begun D．prepared
A 解析：由上文的By working with her可知， 作者学会了把工作做完。
10．A.courage B．bravery
C．kindness D．patience
C 解析：由下文give her money to the Senior Center可知， 虽然奶奶一生过着贫穷的生活，但是她仍然保持着善良之心。
11．A.fail B．need
C．dare D．try
B 解析：根据下文her children could support(赡养) her可知， 作者认为奶奶完全可以不用出去工作， 让孩子们来养活她。
12．A.comforted B．moved
C．upset D．surprised
D 解析：由下文In my mind, people work hard to ______ their lives, instead of giving money away.可知， 奶奶坚持献出爱心的做法让作者很惊讶。
13．A.know B．enjoy
C．share D．spend
B 解析：根据下文instead of giving money away可知， 在作者看来， 人努力工作是为了自己享受生活而不是奉献爱心。
14．A.disagreed B．refused
C．requested D．ignored
A 解析：根据下文奶奶说的话可知， 她不同意作者的看法。
15．A.Learning B．Changing
C．Working D．Caring
C 解析：根据上文I have worked for a lifetime可知， 工作成了奶奶生活的一部分。
16．A.line B．silence
C．practice D．difficulty
D 解析：由下文I had a lot of help from the neighbors可知， 当初奶奶有困难的时候，是邻居们给她提供了帮助。
17．A.helpful B．hopeful
C．peaceful D．careful
A 解析：根据上文I want to pay them back.可知， 现在那些邻居住在养老中心，她想尽自己的微薄之力帮助他们。
18．A.needs B．words
C．smiles D．commands
B 解析：根据上文可知， 作者翻看照片时想起了奶奶当初说的那些话。
19．A.promise B．imagine
C．expect D．realize
D 解析：由上文think deeply about my future work可知， 作者通过奶奶的话意识到工作不仅仅是一种谋生的手段，而且也可以帮助人，从而让这个世界变得更加美好。
20．A.encourage B．save
C．serve D．understand
C 解析：参考上题解析。
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阅读理解
A
My name is Lwazi Nzimande.I started my schooling at Thukeyana Primary Farm School in Underberg, KwaZulu-Natal.
I had a favourite teacher in primary school.Her name was Miss Dube.She taught me natural science and human and social sciences in grade six and seven, and had a way of pushing learners to be able to think for themselves.She made sure that each and every learner took part in every lesson.She used pictures, diagrams(图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students.As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability(可靠性)．Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don’t you?
In my opinion, patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability are some of the things that all teachers should have and show.A patient teacher is one who understands that some learners need more explanation than others to understand something in class.He or she should always be willing to help learners.An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.A teacher who is respected will find it easy to control a class.Respect is earned through what a teacher says to learners or how he or she deals with them in general.
Miss Dube often told us not to bad-mouth or make fun of others. She also did so.She never bad-mouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners. She thought making fun of learners in front of others would hurt them and damage their confidence.
Miss Dube was also very honest. From my point of view, that’s also what a good teacher should be like. If she didn’t have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know. This set a good example to the learners.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Miss Dube是作者小学阶段最喜欢的老师，这是为什么呢？
1．Why was Miss Dube the author’s favourite teacher in primary school?
A．Because of her rich knowledge.
B．Because of her good appearance.
C．Because of her teaching style and character.
D．Because of her lifestyle and attitude to students.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了Miss Dube的教学方式，又根据这一段的As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability(可靠性)．Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don’t you？可知答案。
2．What does the author think an open-minded teacher should do?
A．Pay close attention to every student’s improvement.
B．Tell about something outside the textbook.
C．Avoid believing everything in the textbook.
D．Show great respect for her students.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.可知， 一位思想开明的老师不会仅仅局限于课本， 会讲一些课外的知识。
3．What can we learn about Miss Dube from Paragraph 4?
A．She liked praising her students.
B．She was very confident in class.
C．She got along well with other teachers.
D．She set a good example to her students.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知， Miss Dube经常教育学生不要说别人坏话或嘲笑别人，她自己也能以身作则，从不在学生面前说别的老师的坏话，也不取笑学生，给学生树立了一个良好的榜样。
4．What does the underlined word“This”in the last paragraph mean?
A．Being a very patient teacher.
B．Answering students’ questions.
C．Being honest in front of students.
D．Teaching students very difficult things.
C 解析：代词指代题。根据末段的Miss Dube was also very honest.以及If she didn’t have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.可知“This”是指在学生面前很诚实一事。
B
How do you refer to(指) those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perhaps they’re rad? In the 1980s, you might have called them bad. What do all these interesting words have in common? They’re all slang(俚语) words.
The word “slang” has an interesting beginning. It began as a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country. Over time, it was used to refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special places. Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech these salesmen used to advertise their goods.
Language develops continuously over time. New words and new meanings for old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaking and writing. Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive. Over recent years, many slang words have come from three sources: popular music, politics(政治), and the Internet. Popular music, especially rap and hip hop, has led to many slang words as singers come up with increasingly creative ways to express themselves. For better or worse, some words have taken on new meanings.
Perhaps the biggest source of slang words, however, is the Internet. In today’s world, that fact should surprise no one. Whether it’s the changing nature of technology itself or a quickly-changing trend(趋势), the Internet provides ideas for new slang words more than anything else does. It also helps those words to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever before. Thanks to the popularity of the Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。英语中有很多俚语，它们生动有趣，富有创造性。现代俚语一般有三个来源：流行音乐、政治及互联网。
5．What do we know about the words mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．They are all very common. B．They are all different dialects.
C．They all have the same meaning. D．They all refer to interesting things.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，文章给出的这几个单词都可以用来形容很棒的人、事或经历等。它们都是俚语，都有着共同的含义。
6．What do we know about slang words according to Paragraph 3?
A．They offer new ideas to singers.
B．They can show users’ creativity.
C．They are used more in speaking than in writing.
D．They give people new ways to express themselves.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的New words and new meanings for old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways可知，人们努力用新的、创造性的方式来表达自己时，新词或旧词新意就出现了。所以，俚语也可以让人们用新方式表达自己。
7．How is the influence of the Internet on slang words?
A．It is fast and wide. B．It is harmful.
C．It is long-lasting. D．It is indirect.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为互联网能够使俚语迅速传播。相比起过去的几年或几个月的时间，它能够使一个新的俚语在几天内在全世界范围内迅速传播。
8．What’s the best title for the text?
A．The Power of Language
B．Where Do Slang Words Come From?
C．How Can We Correctly Use Slang Words?
D．The Influence of the Internet on Slang Words
B 解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了单词slang的起源及现代俚语一般有三个来源。
完形填空
I looked at my photos and began to recall(回忆) my life. Then a __1__ of my grandma caught my eye. She was a tall, strong and healthy woman. She, like most people in her village, __2__ jasmine(茉莉) flowers.
Summer is the time to pick jasmine flowers which will be sent to the factory to make jasmine tea. Helping my grandma pick jasmines has been my __3__ since I was 13. The jasmine field was so __4__ with lots of flowers and their good smells, __5__ it was hard to pick these flowers for hours in the strong sunlight. When I got __6__ and wanted to give up, I __7__ my grandma who kept busy picking flowers. Seeing her work hard, I __8__ strength(力气) to keep going. By working with her, I learned to work until the job was __9__．
Grandma lived a poor life but she never lost her __10__. In her old age, she didn’t __11__ to work because her children could support(赡养) her. But, she still worked to give her money to the Senior Center, which __12__ me. In my mind, people work hard to __13__ their lives, instead of giving money away.She __14__， saying, “I have worked for a lifetime. __15__ has become part of my life. When I was in __16__， I had a lot of help from the neighbors, who are now in the Senior Center. I want to pay them back. I want to be __17__．”
I always remember her __18__ and think deeply about my future work.I __19__ that a job is not only a way to make a living, but also a way to __20__ people and make this world a better place.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过本文深情地回忆了勤劳善良的奶奶，她一生贫穷却时时想着帮助他人。
1．A.gift B．diary
C．letter D．picture
D 解析：根据上文I looked at my photos可知， 作者在翻看相片的时候，看到了奶奶的照片。
2．A.picked B．planted
C．wanted D．preferred
A 解析：根据下文Helping my grandma pick jasmines可知， 奶奶像大多数的村民一样，靠采摘茉莉花为生。
3．A.chance B．trouble
C．job D．advice
C 解析：根据下文I learned to work until the job was 可知， 自从13岁起作者就跟着奶奶采摘茉莉花， 他已经把这当成一项工作。
4．A.important B．wonderful
C．safe D．far
B 解析：根据下文with lots of flowers and their good smells可知， 置身于茉莉花田中闻着花香，作者感到很美妙。
5．A.but B．and
C．or D．so
A 解析：茉莉花田虽然美，但在烈日下采摘茉莉花是一件不容易的事。
6．A.lost B．cold
C．sad D．tired
D 解析：从下文wanted to give up可知， 此处指作者累到想要放弃。
7．A.ran into B．looked at
C．waited for D．cared about
B 解析：根据下文Seeing her work hard可知， 作者看到正在忙着采摘茉莉花的奶奶。
8．A.doubted B．tested
C．recovered D．used
C 解析：根据下文I learned to work until the job was 可知， 作者又恢复了继续工作的力量。
9．A.done B．checked
C．begun D．prepared
A 解析：由上文的By working with her可知， 作者学会了把工作做完。
10．A.courage B．bravery
C．kindness D．patience
C 解析：由下文give her money to the Senior Center可知， 虽然奶奶一生过着贫穷的生活，但是她仍然保持着善良之心。
11．A.fail B．need
C．dare D．try
B 解析：根据下文her children could support(赡养) her可知， 作者认为奶奶完全可以不用出去工作， 让孩子们来养活她。
12．A.comforted B．moved
C．upset D．surprised
D 解析：由下文In my mind, people work hard to ______ their lives, instead of giving money away.可知， 奶奶坚持献出爱心的做法让作者很惊讶。
13．A.know B．enjoy
C．share D．spend
B 解析：根据下文instead of giving money away可知， 在作者看来， 人努力工作是为了自己享受生活而不是奉献爱心。
14．A.disagreed B．refused
C．requested D．ignored
A 解析：根据下文奶奶说的话可知， 她不同意作者的看法。
15．A.Learning B．Changing
C．Working D．Caring
C 解析：根据上文I have worked for a lifetime可知， 工作成了奶奶生活的一部分。
16．A.line B．silence
C．practice D．difficulty
D 解析：由下文I had a lot of help from the neighbors可知， 当初奶奶有困难的时候，是邻居们给她提供了帮助。
17．A.helpful B．hopeful
C．peaceful D．careful
A 解析：根据上文I want to pay them back.可知， 现在那些邻居住在养老中心，她想尽自己的微薄之力帮助他们。
18．A.needs B．words
C．smiles D．commands
B 解析：根据上文可知， 作者翻看照片时想起了奶奶当初说的那些话。
19．A.promise B．imagine
C．expect D．realize
D 解析：由上文think deeply about my future work可知， 作者通过奶奶的话意识到工作不仅仅是一种谋生的手段，而且也可以帮助人，从而让这个世界变得更加美好。
20．A.encourage B．save
C．serve D．understand
C 解析：参考上题解析。
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
because of 因为；由于
(经典例句)They have decided to buy an apartment in the city because of their child’s education.
由于孩子的教育，他们已决定在城里买一套公寓。
(1)because of是介词短语，表示原因，后接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句，在句中作状语。
(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。
①We have made such great progress because of your help.
由于你的帮助，我们才取得了这么大的进步。
②She didn’t come to the party because of what you had said.
因为你所说的话，她没来参加这个聚会。
[链接写作]——一句多译
由于下大雨，运动会不得不延期举行。
①The sports meeting had to be put off because of the heavy rain.
②The sports meeting had to be put off because it rained heavily.
native adj.本国的；本地的 n．本地人；本国人
(教材P10)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
(1)be native to 原产于
one’s native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
(2)be a native of... ……的人；原产于……的动物或植物
As a matter of fact, French is not my native language.
事实上，法语不是我的母语。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Is her uncle a native of Shanghai, or just a visitor?
②The researcher says the tiger is native to India.
come up 走近；上来；被提出；破土而出；发芽；升起；发生
(教材P10)I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我很乐意到你的公寓去。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中come up的含义
①A college student came up to the old man to help him.
走近
②In order to finish the task on time, a good piece of advice came up at the meeting.被提出
③When the sun came up，the heavy fog disappeared gradually.升起
④I’ll let him know if anything comes up.发生
(1)come up作“被提出；被谈到”讲时为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；
(2)come up with“提出；想出”，其主语为该动作的发出者，宾语为表示“建议、计划、方案等”的名词。
[即学即练]——选词填空(come up/come up with)
⑤He has come up with a good way to settle the problem.
⑥A good way to settle the problem has come up at the meeting.
actually adv.实际上；事实上
(教材P10)Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。
事实上；实际上
He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.
他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。
[链接写作]——一句多译
事实上，我不知道事情的真相。
①Actually,I don’t know the truth.
②As a matter of fact/In fact, I don’t know the truth.
base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
(1)base...on... 以……为基础
be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据
(2)basic adj. 基础的
①One should always base his opinion on facts.
一个人应该始终以事实为根据发表自己的观点。
②In my diary，I set down a series of things that are all based on facts.
在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Based(base) on a true story, the film is very popular.
②They have to have a basic(base) understanding of computers in order to use the technology.
[链接写作]——句式升级
③(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.
(高级表达)Based on trust,the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)
at present 现在；目前
(经典例句)I’m getting along well with my new classmates at present.
目前，我与我的新同学相处愉快。
(1)at the present time (＝at present) 目前；现在
for the present 目前；暂时
(2)be present at 出席
①I am very busy at present and I can’t join in your game.
我现在很忙，我不能参加你们的游戏。
②He doesn’t know how to deal with the difficult situation for the present.
暂时他不知道该怎样应对困难的局势。
[链接写作]——完成句子
所有出席会议的人都被他的故事打动了。
All the people(who were) present at the meeting were moved by his story.
make use of 利用；使用
(教材P10)So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
make good use of 好好利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
make full use of 充分利用
make little use of 很少利用
I will make full use of my spare time in order to enrich my vocabulary.
我将充分利用我的业余时间来丰富自己的词汇量。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①You’d better make full use of this chance to improve(improve) your English.
②Scientific knowledge should be made full use of to help(help) us live a happy life.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
③(2018·浙江卷6月)我将充分利用这次机会练习我的口语技能，以获得更多的经验。
I will_make full use of this opportunity to practise_my speaking skills and get more experience.
latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
(教材P10)The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.
后者体现了美式英语拼写的不同特征。
(1)the former...the latter... 前者……后者……
(2)later adj. 晚年的，较后的
adv. 以后，后来
late adj. 迟的，晚的
adv. 晚地
Of these two basketball teams, the former comes from the US；the latter comes from Scotland.
在这两支篮球队中，前者来自美国，后者来自苏格兰。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Believe it or not, I met him again three years later(late)．
②The reason why he was late for class was that he got up late(later)．
[链接写作]——完成句子
③两个计划，前者比后者更有用。
Of the two plans, the former is more useful than the latter．
such as 例如……；像这种的
(教材P10)English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.
在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲一些国家，例如南非，人们也说英语。
such as 用来列举事物，用在列举的事物与前面名词之间，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，as后面不可有逗号。
①He can speak several foreign languages fluently, such as English, French and German.
他能流利地说几门外语，例如英语、法语和德语。
②She set down a series of things in her diary, such as her likes and dislikes.
她在日记中记下一系列的事情，例如她喜欢的和不喜欢的东西。
[链接写作]——完成句子
这位老人关心许多青少年，例如约翰、彼得和汤姆。
The old man is concerned about_many teenagers, such as John, Peter and Tom.
even if引导让步状语从句
(教材P10)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
even if＝even though即使，用作连词，引导让步状语从句。
①I won’t take part in his party even if/though he invites me.
即使他邀请我，我也不去参加他的聚会。
②He is willing to help us even if/though he is very busy.
尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。
[链接写作]——句式升级
即使这次失败了，我还要再试试。
Even if I fail this time, I will try again.
more...than... 与其说……倒不如说……
(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
(1)more...than...意为“比……多；比……更……；与其说……倒不如说……”。
(2)more than与数词连用，表示“超过，不止”，相当于over。
(3)more than＋n.意为“不只是，不仅仅……”。
①When her son lied again, she was more sad than angry.
当她儿子再次撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
②I said hello to her more than one time，but she still ignored me.
我不止一次地向她打招呼，但她仍然不理睬我。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①They are more than classmates. They are close friends.
②He failed in the exam again. In my view，he was more lazy than stupid.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)(2018·全国卷I)I am very pleased to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend.
(高级表达)I am more than pleased to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend.
品句填词
1．The horse is not nature to America—it was introduced by the Spanish.
2．The country has been ruled by the Spanish for years and Spanish has become its official language.
3．Given a choice between Tahiti and Hawaii, I’d prefer the latter for my holiday.
4．The Titanic sank in April 1912 on its first voyage from Southampton to New York.
5．True friendship should be based on each other’s understanding.
6．Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary(词汇)．
7．The police are trying to discover the identity(身份) of the killer.
8．I’m looking for a(n) apartment/flat(公寓) on the east side of the city.
9．Our car ran out of petrol(汽油) and we had to walk to the nearest garage.
10．If you want to buy skirts, please take the elevator/lift(电梯) to the third floor.
单句改错
1．A number of questions will be come up at the meeting tomorrow.去掉be
2．Luckily, one of the native offered to be our guide.native→natives
3．The number of students learning English are larger than ever before.are→is
4．At the present, we are busy preparing for the coming exam.去掉第一个the
5．A lot of people caught cold because the bad weather.because后加of
6．More than one student were tired of his long and tiring speech.were→was
7．In the past, women didn’t have same rights as men in this country.same前加the
8．The children have been taught the English poem recently, and they can all read it quite fluent now.fluent→fluently
课文语法填空
At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.In the 17th century, English 1.was spread(spread) to many other countries because the British conquered other parts of the world by 2.making(make) voyages.Today, more people speak English as 3.their(they) first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
4．Actually(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first the English 5.spoken(speak) in England from about AD 450 to 800 was based more 6.on German.Then gradually, English became 7.less(little) like German from about AD 800 to 1150.By the 1600’s Shakespeare could make use of 8.a wider vocabulary than ever before.Then English was taken to America and Australia.English was finally settled by the 19th century, 9.when two big changes in English spelling happened.
Now English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in some Asian and African countries. China may have the largest number of English 10.learners(learn)．
单句语法填空
1．Gradually(gradual), the children began to understand French.
2．British and American spellings(spell) are different in many ways.
3．I’m afraid I can’t help you just at present; I’m too busy.
4．The road to success is not always an easy one.
5．Parents often find it difficult to communicate with their children.
6．We must speak English frequently(frequent) in order to improve our spoken English.
7．(2019·浙江杭州二中高一上期中)Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should be based(base) on their own interests.
8．Young people are encouraged to take part in team sports such as football and basketball.
9．There are two elevators(elevator) in the building, which can be used at the same time.
10．We should make use of every minute to learn well.
阅读理解
A
(2019·潍坊高一检测)As everyone knows, English is very important today. It has been used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on the Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well, we will have more chances to succeed. Because more and more people have taken notice of it, the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed.
But for myself, I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness, but also because of my love for it.When I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world. When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.When I speak English, I can feel the confidence from my words. When I write English, I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese...
I love English, because it gives me a colorful dream. I hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different countries and see many places of great interests. I dream that I can go to London, because it is the birthplace of English. I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the people who speak English. I hope that they can love our country like us. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well.
If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe, as I love English, it will love me too.
I am sure that I will realize my dream one day!
【解题导语】 作者介绍了英语对自己而言很重要， 并说明了自己学习英语的原因。
1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．English is becoming more and more important in our daily life.
B．English is changing quickly.
C．English has the largest speakers in the world.
D．More and more people enjoy learning English.
A 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容尤其是第一句可知， 本段主要说明了英语变得越来越重要。
2．Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author likes learning English?
A．English is very important.
B．English is very useful.
C．The author likes English.
D．The author’s parents ask him to study English.
D 解析：细节理解题。从第二段可知， A、B、C三个选项都是作者学习英语的原因， D项未提及。
3．When the author reads English novels, he feels ________．
A．pleased B．pressed
C．anxious D．confident
A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.可知答案。
4．What can we learn from the last but one paragraph?
A．Loving others is very important.
B．Loving English can make you successful.
C．If you want to get love from others, you should first love others.
D．You should learn to respect others if you want to learn English well.
C 解析：推理判断题。从倒数第二段中的If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable.可推出答案。
B
Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students.In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons.But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “Yes”．
Today many people don’t do sports.But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress.Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life.Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。高中生参加体育运动有很多益处，应该多参加体育运动。
5．According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A．Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C．Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.可知， 高中生参加体育运动可以让他们意识到锻炼身体的重要性。
6．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Measured. B．Prevented.
C．Shown. D．Caused.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段的An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.可推测，这些疾病是可以被“阻止”的。
7．According to the PCFSN, doing sports________．
A．means making students choose between sports and studies
B．helps students make good use of all their time
C．means students adjust to their studies better
D．helps students do better in their studies
D 解析：细节理解题。根据末段的According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.可知， PCFSN表明进行体育运动对学生的成绩反而有帮助。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．How high school students can live a better life.
B．How schools can help students love doing sports.
C．Why some schools consider physical education important.
D．Why high school students should receive physical education.
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要通过几个方面表明高中生为什么要上体育课。
七选五
No one likes lies. But unfortunately, most of us ever lied to people around us. 1.________ Learning to be honest can help to clean up your relationships. Here are some ways to be honest with others.
Stop comparing yourself with others. 2.________As we’re always comparing ourselves with others, we tend to hide our weaknesses with a quick and creative lie. If you stop feeling competitive with others and give yourself the value you deserve, you won’t feel the need to lie to bring yourself up.
Forget what you think other people want to hear from you. Speak from your heart and tell the truth. You don’t have to worry about whether or not it will make you look “bad”.3.________
Avoid situations in which you’ll have to lie to others. Be careful when someone begins a sentence with “Don’t tell so-and-so about this, okay？” 4.________For example, you can say “If it is something that doesn’t concern me, please don’t tell me. I don’t want to be responsible for anyone’s secrets but my own.”
5．________You don’t have to lie if you feel good about yourself! Do things that give you pleasure and that make you feel proud of yourself.Start with some little things.Don’t do things that make you embarrassed.
A．Know your weaknesses.
B．Do things that make you proud.
C．That’s why we tell lies so often!
D．It is not a good manner, though.
E．You should be prepared for this situation.
F．People respect honesty even when the truth is uncomfortable.
G．Sometimes we lie to make ourselves seem better than we really are.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了对他人诚实的几种方法。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系， 并引出下句中Learning to be honest...的观点。本句中的It指代的是上文中的lied to people around us。
2．G 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。下句中的we tend to hide our weaknesses with a quick and creative lie与we lie to make ourselves seem better than we really are相呼应， 都是想表达由于喜欢攀比， 我们会用谎言来使自己看起来比真实的自己好。
3．F 解析：此空设于段尾，是一个总结句。句意：即使事实不尽人意，但人们还是尊重诚实。
4．E 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。this situation指代的是上文中的when someone begins a sentence...。
5．B 解析：此空设于段首， 是本段主题句。下文都是围绕“做一些让你自豪的事”而展开论述的。
课件37张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldbecause ofbecauseofto走近被提出升起发生come up withcome upActuallyAs a matter of fact/In factBasedbasicBased on trustpresent at the meetingto improveto helpmake full use of this opportunity to practiselaterlatelatethe formerthe latteris concerned aboutsuch asEven if I fail this timemorethanmore than按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
品句填词
1．The horse is not nature to America—it was introduced by the Spanish.
2．The country has been ruled by the Spanish for years and Spanish has become its official language.
3．Given a choice between Tahiti and Hawaii, I’d prefer the latter for my holiday.
4．The Titanic sank in April 1912 on its first voyage from Southampton to New York.
5．True friendship should be based on each other’s understanding.
6．Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary(词汇)．
7．The police are trying to discover the identity(身份) of the killer.
8．I’m looking for a(n) apartment/flat(公寓) on the east side of the city.
9．Our car ran out of petrol(汽油) and we had to walk to the nearest garage.
10．If you want to buy skirts, please take the elevator/lift(电梯) to the third floor.
单句改错
1．A number of questions will be come up at the meeting tomorrow.去掉be
2．Luckily, one of the native offered to be our guide.native→natives
3．The number of students learning English are larger than ever before.are→is
4．At the present, we are busy preparing for the coming exam.去掉第一个the
5．A lot of people caught cold because the bad weather.because后加of
6．More than one student were tired of his long and tiring speech.were→was
7．In the past, women didn’t have same rights as men in this country.same前加the
8．The children have been taught the English poem recently, and they can all read it quite fluent now.fluent→fluently
课文语法填空
At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.In the 17th century, English 1.was spread(spread) to many other countries because the British conquered other parts of the world by 2.making(make) voyages.Today, more people speak English as 3.their(they) first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
4．Actually(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first the English 5.spoken(speak) in England from about AD 450 to 800 was based more 6.on German.Then gradually, English became 7.less(little) like German from about AD 800 to 1150.By the 1600’s Shakespeare could make use of 8.a wider vocabulary than ever before.Then English was taken to America and Australia.English was finally settled by the 19th century, 9.when two big changes in English spelling happened.
Now English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in some Asian and African countries. China may have the largest number of English 10.learners(learn)．
单句语法填空
1．Gradually(gradual), the children began to understand French.
2．British and American spellings(spell) are different in many ways.
3．I’m afraid I can’t help you just at present; I’m too busy.
4．The road to success is not always an easy one.
5．Parents often find it difficult to communicate with their children.
6．We must speak English frequently(frequent) in order to improve our spoken English.
7．(2019·浙江杭州二中高一上期中)Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should be based(base) on their own interests.
8．Young people are encouraged to take part in team sports such as football and basketball.
9．There are two elevators(elevator) in the building, which can be used at the same time.
10．We should make use of every minute to learn well.
阅读理解
A
(2019·潍坊高一检测)As everyone knows, English is very important today. It has been used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on the Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well, we will have more chances to succeed. Because more and more people have taken notice of it, the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed.
But for myself, I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness, but also because of my love for it.When I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world. When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.When I speak English, I can feel the confidence from my words. When I write English, I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese...
I love English, because it gives me a colorful dream. I hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different countries and see many places of great interests. I dream that I can go to London, because it is the birthplace of English. I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the people who speak English. I hope that they can love our country like us. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well.
If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe, as I love English, it will love me too.
I am sure that I will realize my dream one day!
【解题导语】 作者介绍了英语对自己而言很重要， 并说明了自己学习英语的原因。
1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．English is becoming more and more important in our daily life.
B．English is changing quickly.
C．English has the largest speakers in the world.
D．More and more people enjoy learning English.
A 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容尤其是第一句可知， 本段主要说明了英语变得越来越重要。
2．Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author likes learning English?
A．English is very important.
B．English is very useful.
C．The author likes English.
D．The author’s parents ask him to study English.
D 解析：细节理解题。从第二段可知， A、B、C三个选项都是作者学习英语的原因， D项未提及。
3．When the author reads English novels, he feels ________．
A．pleased B．pressed
C．anxious D．confident
A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.可知答案。
4．What can we learn from the last but one paragraph?
A．Loving others is very important.
B．Loving English can make you successful.
C．If you want to get love from others, you should first love others.
D．You should learn to respect others if you want to learn English well.
C 解析：推理判断题。从倒数第二段中的If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable.可推出答案。
B
Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students.In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons.But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “Yes”．
Today many people don’t do sports.But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress.Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life.Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。高中生参加体育运动有很多益处，应该多参加体育运动。
5．According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A．Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C．Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.可知， 高中生参加体育运动可以让他们意识到锻炼身体的重要性。
6．What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Measured. B．Prevented.
C．Shown. D．Caused.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段的An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.可推测，这些疾病是可以被“阻止”的。
7．According to the PCFSN, doing sports________．
A．means making students choose between sports and studies
B．helps students make good use of all their time
C．means students adjust to their studies better
D．helps students do better in their studies
D 解析：细节理解题。根据末段的According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.可知， PCFSN表明进行体育运动对学生的成绩反而有帮助。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．How high school students can live a better life.
B．How schools can help students love doing sports.
C．Why some schools consider physical education important.
D．Why high school students should receive physical education.
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要通过几个方面表明高中生为什么要上体育课。
七选五
No one likes lies. But unfortunately, most of us ever lied to people around us. 1.________ Learning to be honest can help to clean up your relationships. Here are some ways to be honest with others.
Stop comparing yourself with others. 2.________As we’re always comparing ourselves with others, we tend to hide our weaknesses with a quick and creative lie. If you stop feeling competitive with others and give yourself the value you deserve, you won’t feel the need to lie to bring yourself up.
Forget what you think other people want to hear from you. Speak from your heart and tell the truth. You don’t have to worry about whether or not it will make you look “bad”.3.________
Avoid situations in which you’ll have to lie to others. Be careful when someone begins a sentence with “Don’t tell so-and-so about this, okay？” 4.________For example, you can say “If it is something that doesn’t concern me, please don’t tell me. I don’t want to be responsible for anyone’s secrets but my own.”
5．________You don’t have to lie if you feel good about yourself! Do things that give you pleasure and that make you feel proud of yourself.Start with some little things.Don’t do things that make you embarrassed.
A．Know your weaknesses.
B．Do things that make you proud.
C．That’s why we tell lies so often!
D．It is not a good manner, though.
E．You should be prepared for this situation.
F．People respect honesty even when the truth is uncomfortable.
G．Sometimes we lie to make ourselves seem better than we really are.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了对他人诚实的几种方法。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系， 并引出下句中Learning to be honest...的观点。本句中的It指代的是上文中的lied to people around us。
2．G 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。下句中的we tend to hide our weaknesses with a quick and creative lie与we lie to make ourselves seem better than we really are相呼应， 都是想表达由于喜欢攀比， 我们会用谎言来使自己看起来比真实的自己好。
3．F 解析：此空设于段尾，是一个总结句。句意：即使事实不尽人意，但人们还是尊重诚实。
4．E 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。this situation指代的是上文中的when someone begins a sentence...。
5．B 解析：此空设于段首， 是本段主题句。下文都是围绕“做一些让你自豪的事”而展开论述的。
课件51张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldcommandrequestaccentlightningstraightexpressioneasternrecognize方言非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的西班牙人；西班牙语(英)卡车街区；块；木块；石块出租车play a part (in)believe it or notdifferent fromthe same...as...go around the cornerfrom all over the worldAs we knowthere is no such thing as standard EnglishThis is becausethe same dialect as people in the northwestern USAto hand(should) hand(should) startto smokeatto go(should) goexpressionsexpressionexpressingtheantakes an active part inrecognitionwas recognizedrecognize/consider him to bethere is no such thingThat is becausethat’s whyasthat按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
品句填词
1．Go straight(径直地) down the road until you come to the English language school.
2．The hotel is not far from here.Just turn right at the end of the block(街区)．
3．Most of the African(非洲的) countries have suffered from drought in recent years.
4．Drugs were not recognized(承认) as a problem then.
5．Pay attention to the usage(用法) of those special words and expressions.
6．They made a request(要求) for further aid.
7．(2019·山东师大附中高一上期中)The officer commanded(命令) those who were badly injured in the terrible car accident be operated on as soon as possible.
8．The man was tall and handsome with shiny hair and a deep voice although his facial expression (表情) never changed.
9．Even though we share the same language—with different accents(口音)—our customs are not always alike.
10．He speaks English well indeed, but of course not so fluently(流利地) as a native speaker.
选词填空
even if; because of; play a very important part in; such as; communicate with;
come up; make fulluse of; at present
1．At present,many foreigners are studying Chinese, which makes it more popular in the world.
2．Some subjects, such as math, physics and English, are important for the students in the College Entrance Examination.
3．You must get there in time even if the weather is bad.
4．If you can speak English, you can communicate with business people from other countries.
5．Tony saw an old man standing in the middle of the road, he came up and asked him if he needed any help.
6．Because of his perfect pronunciation, Wang Dong was chosen to take part in the English speech competition.
7．You should make full use of the class time to set down what the teacher says in class.
8．Nowadays, the Internet plays a very important part in people’s daily life.
完成句子
1．当今多数青少年花在室内的时间比以往任何时候都多。
Today most teenagers spend less time indoors than ever before．
2．在故事的结尾， 那对夫妇找到了他们20年前失踪的儿子。
At the end of the story, the couple found their son who went missing twenty years ago.
3．尽管我学了六年英语，我与美国人交流起来仍有困难。
Even though I have studied English for six years，I still have some difficulty in communicating with Americans.
4．那辆停在校门口的汽车是我们校长的。
The car parked at the school gate is our headmaster’s.
5．世界上没有什么免费的午餐。一切都应靠勤劳获得。
There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. Everything should be got by working hard.
6．亨利看上去很沮丧，这是因为他考试不及格。
Henry looks very upset. This is because he didn’t pass the exam.
单句语法填空
1．When I arrived there, one of my brothers recognized(recognize) me at once.
2．The expression(express) in her eyes told me that she must have won the race.
3．We should train our students to speak English fluently(fluent) and accurately.
4．The boss commanded that the workers (should) work (work) hard to complete the project ahead of time.
5．Women are playing(play) a more and more important part in today’s society—they hold up half the sky.
6．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life as you are.
7．It is requested that he(should) hand(hand) in his homework tomorrow morning.
8．The foreigner I knew comes from the eastern(east) part of America.
9．We repaired the machine in the same way as he did.
10．We can see a number of people waiting outside the stadium.That is because their idol is to hold a concert there.
阅读理解
I never wanted to go to kindergarten(幼儿园), or leave home at all.I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family, and when the time came for me to begin school at PS 116 in Brooklyn, I was sure that no one would keep me safe.But I was so lucky to meet Mrs.Heyman. Not only did she make me feel safe, she let me know that I was special.
Kindergarten was a fearful experience for me.I was a shy child who hated being separated from my mommy.Mrs.Heyman was a kind and patient teacher who tried to get me to stop crying each morning after I asked for one last kiss.
She would distract(转移……的注意力) me with pens and colorful paper and by playing beautiful music. It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness, allowing me to attend class as the tears ran down my face.I also loved to sing and dance, and performed(表演) the Virginia reel—a kind of dance—when the principal(校长), Mr.Barton, visited our class.
Mr.Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout, “Behave！” I was afraid of being shouted at by him, and practiced the dance with my classmates until Mrs.Heyman told us we were perfect.
Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr.Barton’s visit that I wet myself.Mrs.Heyman calmly took me to the bathroom and told me to change into new clothes, drying my tears all the while, never showing judgment.
As I performed, Mr.Barton cheered.Pleased, I bravely stepped up to the front of the classroom and threw kisses in Mrs.Heyman’s direction.
I was lucky to have her again for the first grade, and learned to love school and learning.She was right about living my life without long-lasting attention from my mommy.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了在幼儿园期间给予自己帮助和鼓励的老师。
1．What was the author’s life like before he went to kindergarten?
A．Busy. B．Happy.
C．Lonely. D．Unsafe.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family可知， 作者上幼儿园之前过着开心的生活。
2．How did Mrs.Heyman draw the author’s attention away from separation unhappiness?
A．By letting him do art. B．By giving him a kiss.
C．By dancing with him. D．By inviting his mother to school.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness可知， 老师让作者参加一些艺术活动以转移他的注意力。
3．What can be learned about Mr.Barton?
A．He was always friendly.
B．He was strict with the students.
C．He was interested in performing.
D．He was full of praise for the author.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的Mr.Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout, “Behave！”可知， 校长非常严厉。
4．What happened before the author’s performance?
A．He got himself in a mess.
B．He received ill-treatment.
C．He failed to find his new clothes.
D．He visited the bathroom many times.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第五段中的Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr.Barton’s visit that I wet myself.可知， 上台前作者尿了裤子，把自己弄得一团糟。
七选五
Go Fly a Kite
Learning how to fly a kite is simple, and flying kites can be a fun form of exercise.
Of course, the first thing you need is a kite and a ball of string(线).1.________ Then wait for a windy day.
When the perfect day arrives, find an open space, such as a field. 2.________
Before flying your kite, find out which way the wind is blowing.3.________ To begin flying your kite, stand with your back to the wind and hold the kite up so the wind can catch it.If the day is not very windy, you may need to get your kite started by running.
4．________At the same time, walk backwards a few steps to keep the string tight(拉紧的). Now that your kite is up in the air, you can decide how long to fly it and how high you want it to go.
5．________Slowly wind up(卷起) the string.Try not to pull your kite in too fast or it may crash(坠落)．
Flying a kite is a great way to spend a windy afternoon.If you follow these steps carefully, you will have something more fun to do than sitting inside and watching TV.So on the next windy day, get up off the sofa.Go fly a kite!
A．You can do this by throwing grass into the air.
B．Finally, you will need to bring your kite down.
C．You can buy your kite and string at a toy shop.
D．Follow the instructions to put your kite together.
E．Nothing beats seeing a kite sail high into the clouds.
F．Don’t fly your kite near trees because it can get caught.
G．Once the wind catches your kite, let out more string so it can climb higher.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了放风筝的几个步骤。
1．C 解析：本空承接上句the first thing you need is a kite and a ball of string(线), 说明了获得风筝和线的一种途径。
2．F 解析：F项说明选择放风筝场所时的注意事项， 与本空前一句内容相关。
3．A 解析：A项中的do this指本空前一句中的find out which way the wind is blowing, 涉及判断风向的一种方法。
4．G 解析：G项承上启下，其中前半句承接上段使风筝起飞的内容，后半句引起下文，即如何使风筝飞得更高。
5．B 解析：B项中的bring your kite down与下文wind up(卷起) the string以及pull your kite in意义一致。
完形填空
After moving into my mother’s home to look after her following an illness, I found myself thinking about my own __1__．It was clear that I __2__ to find something that would help me __3__the house more often.
I found my __4__ while standing in line at the store checkout one sunny spring day.Red words on the cover of a magazine caught my __5__， “Walk Off Weight！”
After __6__the advantages of walking, I knew I had found the perfect __7__that would not only make me spend more time outdoors, but would also help me keep __8__．
I didn’t start walking four miles right away; I began __9__．After a few weeks, I __10__ from walking two miles every day to between four and six miles every day.My __11__ increased from about three miles per hour to over four.
It wasn’t long before I began to notice the many __12__in both my physical and emotional(情绪的) health.
I lost __13__．The extra(额外的) fat I’d been carrying around my stomach disappeared.My body was __14__and became more shapely.Even my back pain had __15__！
The advantages to my emotional health were also great.My spirits lifted with each passing day.I could hardly __16__ to get up each morning.With more self-confidence, I also found myself to be more sociable and that I began to __17__meeting new people.
__18__my mother became less of a tiring task.Feeling __19__， I was able to look after her with great enthusiasm(热情). I __20__her to try to become as healthy and as happy as I felt.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在照顾生病的母亲时开始关注自己的健康。偶然了解到散步的好处后，作者开始坚持散步，不久就发现自己的身体和情绪方面有了很大的变化。
1．A.dream B．plan
C．health D．work
C 解析：由本句中的look after her following an illness以及下文的描述可知， “我”发现“我”开始关注自己的“健康(health)”。
2．A.needed B．refused
C．failed D．forgot
A 解析：由上文中的I found myself thinking about以及下文中的make me spend more time outdoors可知， “我”“需要(needed)”找一些能激励“我”“走出(get out of)”房间的事情来做。
3．A.live in B．move into
C．get out of D．keep away from
C 解析：同上题。
4．A.purpose B．answer
C．job D．hobby
B 解析：由上文中的to find something...the house more often以及下文中的Walk Off Weight！可知， “我”找到了“解决办法(answer)”。
5．A.eye B．leg
C．hand D．arm
A 解析：由上文中的standing in line at the store checkout one sunny spring day以及本句中的Walk Off Weight！可知， 一本杂志封面上红色的字“吸引了我的注意(caught my eye)”。
6．A.talking about B．reading about
C．hearing about D．writing about
B 解析：由第二段及下文的描述可知， “读了(reading about)”散步的种种好处后， “我”明白“我”找到了一项不仅能让自己多待在户外而且能帮助“我”保持“健康(fit)”的最佳“活动(activity)”。
7．A.thought B．behavior
C．advice D．activity
D 解析：同上题。
8．A.fit B．safe
C．quiet D．busy
A 解析：同上题。
9．A.suddenly B．quickly
C．slowly D．finally
C 解析：由上文中的I didn’t start walking four miles right away可知， “我”开始很“慢(slowly)”。几周后， “我”从每天步行两英里“增加(progressed)”到每天四到六英里。
10．A.progressed B．left
C．followed D．ended
A 解析：同上题。
11．A.time B．speed
C．age D．size
B 解析：由本句中的three miles per hour to over four可知， 此处指的是“我”的步行“速度(speed)”。
12．A.changes B．differences
C．problems D．chances
A 解析：由下文几段的描述可知， 不久“我”开始注意到自己在身体和情绪方面的诸多“变化(changes)”。
13．A.touch B．interest
C．heart D．weight
D 解析：由下文中的The extra(额外的) fat I’d been carrying around my stomach disappeared.可知， “我”的“体重(weight)”减轻了。
14．A.held up B．brought up
C．given up D．built up
D 解析：结合语境可知， “我”开始散步不久后， 就发现自己的身体有了积极的变化。因此， 此处表示“我”的体质“增强了(built up)”， 背部疼痛也“消失了(gone)”。
15．A.appeared B．gone
C．returned D．increased
B 解析：同上题。
16．A.stop B．manage
C．wait D．promise
C 解析：由上文中的The advantages to...with each passing day.可知， “我”每天早上“迫不及待(could hardly wait)”地起床。
17．A.avoid B．enjoy
C．regret D．remember
B 解析：由With more...be more sociable可知， “我”开始“喜欢(enjoy)”结识新朋友。
18．A.Waiting for B．Working for
C．Searching for D．Caring for
D 解析：由第一段中的After moving into my mother’s home to look after her following an illness以及最后一段中的I was able to look after her with great enthusiasm(热情)可知， “照顾(Caring for)”母亲不再是一件累人的工作。“我”感到“精力充沛(lively)”，因此能够以极大的热情照顾她。
19．A.lonely B．proud
C．lively D．worried
C 解析：同上题。
20．A.encouraged B．forced
C．required D．allowed
A 解析：由第一段的描述可知， “我”母亲生病了， 因此， “我”“鼓励(encouraged)”母亲努力变得像“我”一样健康快乐。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)——祈使句
1．(教材P12)“Look at this example，”the teacher said to us.
→The teacher told us to look at that example.
2．(教材P12)“Would you like to see my flat？”she asked.
→She asked me to see her flat.
3．“Don’t look out of the window, boys，”said the teacher.→The teacher told the boys not to look out of the window.
4．He said，“How clever the child is！”
→He said how clever the child was.
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask，tell，beg，warn，remind，advise，order等。
1．引述表示命令的祈使句，变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/order sb.(not) to do sth.的形式。
◆“Finish the task in ten minutes，”the manager said to the clerk.
→The manager told the clerk to finish the task in ten minutes.
◆“Keep silent！”the chairman said to the students.
→The chairman ordered the students to keep silent.
2．当直接引语为表示建议、提议、请求、劝告的祈使句(或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句)时，多用suggest＋doing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should＋动词原形，should也可省略)，及ask/advise/want/beg sb.＋to do等结构。
◆Mary said，“Let’s go to the art exhibition this afternoon.”
→Mary suggested going to the art exhibition that afternoon.
→Mary suggested that we (should) go to the art exhibition that afternoon.
◆“Please have a rest，”she said to us.
→She asked us to have a rest.
3．引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind，warn等词转述。
◆“Take an umbrella in case of rain，”his mother said to him.
→His mother reminded him to take an umbrella in case of rain.
◆The leader said to the workers，“Don’t speak while working.”
→The leader warned the workers not to speak while working.
(1)无论是否定祈使句，还是表示委婉语气的否定疑问句，在变为间接引语时，要用不定式的否定形式：not/never to do sth.；
(2)直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时，一般把它当作主句谓语动词的宾语用。
◆She said，“Don’t make so much noise, children！”
→She told the children not to make so much noise.
4．感叹句的直接引语变间接引语，直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语可用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。
◆“What a beautiful dress it is！”the girl said to her friend.
→The girl told her friend what a beautiful dress it was.
◆“How lovely the girl is！”he said.
→He said how lovely the girl was.
将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1．“Wear a warm coat, Mary，” said Jenny.
→Jenny told Mary to wear a warm coat.
2．“Don’t open the door before the bus stops，” Mr. Zhang warned.
→Mr. Zhang warned us not to open the door before the bus stopped.
3．“Do you know where she lives？” he asked.
→He asked whether I knew where she lived．
4．The young man said to me, “I like Beijing very much.”
→The young man told me that he liked Beijing very much.
5．“I’ll go over the grammar lesson once again，” he said.
→He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again.
6．“Stop talking，” the monitor said to the class.
→The monitor told the class to stop talking．
7．“Don’t take off your coat，” she said to her sister.
→She told her sister not to take off her coat.
8．She asked, “Don’t you know my telephone number？”
→She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.
9．“Do you like this one？” Tom asked.
→Tom asked me whether I liked that one.
10．My mother asked, “Where have you been？”
→My mother asked me where I had been．
单句改错
1．Dad asked us not play that dangerous game.play前加to
2．The woman warned him not to driving after drinking.driving→drive
3．Miss Zhou had told us to copy the words three times two days ago.ago→before
4．The leader ordered that we to leave the village before daybreak.去掉to
5．Mary said，“Would you please explain this question to me then？”then→now
语法与写作
1．男孩告诉老师他将尽他所能赶上其他人。
The boy told his teacher that he would try his best to catch up with others.
2．我老师问我是否喜欢打篮球。
My teacher asked me if/whether I liked playing basketball．
3．请叫邻居们不要这样喧哗。(make)
Please ask the neighbours not to make so much noise．
4．妈妈告诫孩子不要太靠近水边。(get)
The mother warned her child not to get too close to the water.
5．妈妈告诉我在爸爸睡觉时不要弹吉他(guitar)。
Mother told me not to play the guitar while my father was sleeping.
句型转换
1．The headmaster said to us, “Spend more time on your study.”
→The headmaster told us to spend more time on our study.
2．The woman said to her son, “Don’t touch my computer.”
→The woman told her son not to touch her computer.
3．“Can I use your dictionary？” Tony said.
→Tony asked me to use my dictionary.
4．“Get everything ready in two hours，” the boss said to us.
→The boss ordered us to get everything ready in two hours.
5．Mum said to us, “Don’t waste water or electricity any longer.”
→Mum warned us not to waste water or electricity any longer.
6．Peter said to me, “Would you please help me with the maths question now？”
→Peter asked me to help him with the maths question then．
7．The teacher told his students not to waste time on those useless things.
→The teacher said to his students, “Don’t waste time on these useless things.”
8．Martin asked his friend to go to the library with him the next day.
→Martin said to his friend，“Let’s go to the library tomorrow．”
9．Henry asked me to join a dance club with him in two days’ time.
→Henry asked, “Could you join a dance club with me the day after tomorrow？”
10．My father told us not to make the same mistake the next time.
→My father said to us, “Don’t make the same mistake next time.”
阅读理解
A
Have you ever thought of getting away from the present life and doing something completely different? Well, here are some people who have done just that.
Back to the land
In his early forties, Peter Van Der Groot was a successful salesman.He had a large beautiful home.But Peter worked long hours, and he saw little of his home and family.He enjoyed his job, but he was never there to see his children growing up.Then last year, the firm(公司) he worked for closed down, and, unexpectedly, Peter had the chance to do something different.
So Peter and his family sold their house in London and moved to the countryside.They bought a smaller house with some land.Today, Peter is more relaxed.He spends time with his children, and he has seen them change into healthy, happy kids.He’s started working on his land, growing fruit and vegetables.Now he and his family have a common, but comfortable life.
Life in the sun
Husband and wife Rob and Manda Brent used to be teachers, but they have both given up their jobs, and neither of them plans to return to the school where they worked in Birmingham’s city centre.Now they live in Italy, where they’ve bought a farmhouse in Tuscan Hills.“We’re going to offer bed and breakfast，” said Rob.“We’ve never had our own business before, so it’ll be quite a challenge(挑战). And we’ve borrowed a lot of money from the bank to get started.”
“In this first three-month period, we’re settling in and repairing the farmhouse，” said Manda.“Then we’ll open our doors to guests.” Bed and breakfast will not be the only way for them to get money, though.“The farm has got olive(橄榄) trees and the equipment(设备) for producing olive oil.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Peter和Brent夫妇为何要改变以前的生活方式。
1．What caused Peter to change his life?
A．He lost his job.
B．He led a hard life.
C．He had to care for his kids.
D．He wasn’t satisfied with his job.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的the firm(公司) he worked for closed down...Peter had the chance to do something different可知， 由于公司倒闭，失业的Peter有了改变生活的契机。
2．What change has taken place since Peter moved to the countryside?
A．He lives a busier life.
B．He has set up his own firm.
C．He has built a large beautiful house.
D．He spends more time with his family.
D 解析：细节理解题。对比Peter前后的生活worked long hours...was never there to see his children growing up和Today, Peter is more relaxed.He spends time with his children可知， 搬到乡下生活的Peter 有更多的时间陪伴家人。
3．What experience have Rob and Manda had?
A．Selling farm produce.
B．Running a school in Italy.
C．Serving breakfast for months.
D．Teaching in a Birmingham school.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的Husband and wife Rob and Manda Brent used to be teachers...worked in Birmingham’s city centre.和never had our own business before可知， Rob和Manda有当老师的经验。
4．What will Rob and Manda’s farmhouse be mainly used as?
A．A farm. B．A hotel.
C．A school. D．A restaurant.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的offer bed and breakfast和最后一段中的we’ll open our doors to guests可知， Rob和Manda的农舍主要是用作旅馆。
B
Q: As a non-native English learner, should I learn British English or American English?
A：The truth is that it makes little difference. Why？Because we can read works written in either American English or British English without too much trouble, and understand each other perfectly well as long as we don’t use too much colloquial slang(口语俚语). They are the same language—both are still English.
The main differences are in vocabulary for some everyday things. However, most Americans know what trousers are, and Britons and Australians know that “pants” are trousers in an American book or movie. And there are a few small spelling differences. There are some very small grammar differences, but these are too small—most of them will probably not even be noticed. I’m British, and I often read books written in American English, as well as British English. To tell you the truth, I hardly notice the differences.
If you want to learn English and use it internationally, learn both kinds. It’s not difficult—just a few extra words or spelling differences to learn.It’s good to know how English speakers from all over the world use the language, no matter where they come from. You might need to know that American English is used mainly in North America, but British English is the standard English in the rest of the English-speaking world, including Britain’s old colonies (殖民地)—Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, India, Malaysia，Hong Kong, etc.
Even “British English” is a bit of a misnomer(用词错误), since there is no real standard way of speaking English in the UK. Some people confuse “British English” with the accent called RP(Received Pronunciation), but they aren’t the same thing.British English is only a standard, not an accent.RP is only one accent in the UK. Few speak it.Other dialects are widely spoken in the UK today.
【解题导语】 作者认为英式英语和美式英语的区别不是很大，二者都学会也不是很难。
5．The author most probably finds American colloquial slang________．
A．strange B．helpful
C．difficult D．interesting
C 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第一段的understand each other perfectly well as long as we don’t use too much colloquial slang(口语俚语)可推断，作者觉得口语俚语不好懂。
6．What does the example of “trousers” and “pants” show?
A．Some differences are easy to notice.
B．Differences in vocabulary are common.
C．One thing can be called different names.
D．Americans and Britons can understand each other.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第二段的However，most Americans know what trousers are，and Britons and Australians know that “pants” are trousers in an American book or movie.可知，作者是想表明美国人和英国人能够理解彼此说的话。
7．What can we learn about Received Pronunciation?
A．It is not an accent.
B．It is British English.
C．It is often used in the US.
D．It isn’t widely used in Britain.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第四段的British English is only a standard, not an accent.RP is only one accent in the UK.Few speak it.可知，这种方言用的人少。
8．The author would most probably agree that________．
A．colloquial slang shouldn’ t be used often
B．British people find it hard to understand Americans
C．British English and American English don’t differ too much
D．people should learn British English instead of American English
C 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第一段的The truth is that it makes little difference.以及第二段的To tell you the truth, I hardly notice the differences.可知，作者觉得美式英语跟英式英语之间的差别不大。
语法填空
Getting better grades can be hard. However, you can achieve it if steps 1._________(take). Firstly, make good use 2.________ class time. Do your reading before class, and if anything confuses (使困惑) you, think out questions you can ask in class. When your teacher asks 3._________ question, put up your hand to give an answer. If you are 4.____________(nature) shy, take a breath, relax and do your best 5.____________(ignore) other people’s opinions. More importantly, clearly write down what your teacher says in class.
Secondly, pay attention to your homework. Try to find a place where there are no 6.____________(noise)．Put your phone out of sight so you won’t be attracted to it.After studying for 45 minutes, take 15 minutes to get up, move or do another activity 7.____________ gives your brain a rest.
Finally, take care of 8.___________(you)．Not getting enough sleep is terrible for your grades. So go to bed early and sleep about eight hours every night.And physical exercise 9._________(be) helpful for you to improve your grades.So, if you don’t play a sport or have gym class every day, spend 30 minutes after school 10.________(walk) to get some exercise.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何提高学习成绩。
1．are taken 解析：主语为steps, 与take之间是被动关系，故填are taken。
2．of 解析：make good use of...充分利用……。
3．a 解析：可数名词单数前需要用冠词，且此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
4．naturally 解析：该空修饰形容词shy, 故填nature的副词形式naturally。
5．to ignore 解析：do one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事。
6．noises 解析：根据该空前的are可知， 此处应用noise的复数形式， 表示“各种噪音”。
7．that/which 解析：先行词为another activity, 关系词在从句中作主语， 故填that或which。
8．yourself 解析：该空所填词在句中作宾语且指代主语本身， 故填you的反身代词形式yourself。
9．is 解析：主语为physical exercise, 且表示一般情况， 故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式， 时态用一般现在时。
10．walking 解析：spend time doing sth.花时间做某事。
短文改错
Last week, I returned from England after three months of live abroad as a international student.During our stay, I lived with a host family.They taught me many useful thing that I could never learn from textbooks.Because of I had to speak English all the time, my English improved greatly.I attended classes in a middle school.At first this was especial difficult for me.But surprisingly, before long I begin to understand what the students and teachers were saying.The other students was very kind to me, and I made lots of friends.But by the end of the third month, I almost didn’t want come home.
答案：
Last week, I returned from England after three months of abroad as international student. During stay, I lived with a host family.They taught me many useful that I could never learn from textbooks.Because I had to speak English all the time, my English improved greatly.I attended classes in a middle school.At first this was difficult for me.But surprisingly, before long I to understand what the students and teachers were saying.The other students very kind to me, and I made lots of friends. by the end of the third month, I almost didn’t want come home.
课件16张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldtold us to lookasked me to seetold the boys not to looksaid howtold Mary to wearwarned us not to openwhether Ilivedthat he likedhe would go overto stop talkingnot to take offwhether I knew herwhether I likedwhere I had beenplay前加todriving→driveago→before去掉tothen→nowasked me if/whether I liked playing basketballnot to make so much noisenot to get too close to按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
句型转换
1．The headmaster said to us, “Spend more time on your study.”
→The headmaster told us to spend more time on our study.
2．The woman said to her son, “Don’t touch my computer.”
→The woman told her son not to touch her computer.
3．“Can I use your dictionary？” Tony said.
→Tony asked me to use my dictionary.
4．“Get everything ready in two hours，” the boss said to us.
→The boss ordered us to get everything ready in two hours.
5．Mum said to us, “Don’t waste water or electricity any longer.”
→Mum warned us not to waste water or electricity any longer.
6．Peter said to me, “Would you please help me with the maths question now？”
→Peter asked me to help him with the maths question then．
7．The teacher told his students not to waste time on those useless things.
→The teacher said to his students, “Don’t waste time on these useless things.”
8．Martin asked his friend to go to the library with him the next day.
→Martin said to his friend，“Let’s go to the library tomorrow．”
9．Henry asked me to join a dance club with him in two days’ time.
→Henry asked, “Could you join a dance club with me the day after tomorrow？”
10．My father told us not to make the same mistake the next time.
→My father said to us, “Don’t make the same mistake next time.”
阅读理解
A
Have you ever thought of getting away from the present life and doing something completely different? Well, here are some people who have done just that.
Back to the land
In his early forties, Peter Van Der Groot was a successful salesman.He had a large beautiful home.But Peter worked long hours, and he saw little of his home and family.He enjoyed his job, but he was never there to see his children growing up.Then last year, the firm(公司) he worked for closed down, and, unexpectedly, Peter had the chance to do something different.
So Peter and his family sold their house in London and moved to the countryside.They bought a smaller house with some land.Today, Peter is more relaxed.He spends time with his children, and he has seen them change into healthy, happy kids.He’s started working on his land, growing fruit and vegetables.Now he and his family have a common, but comfortable life.
Life in the sun
Husband and wife Rob and Manda Brent used to be teachers, but they have both given up their jobs, and neither of them plans to return to the school where they worked in Birmingham’s city centre.Now they live in Italy, where they’ve bought a farmhouse in Tuscan Hills.“We’re going to offer bed and breakfast，” said Rob.“We’ve never had our own business before, so it’ll be quite a challenge(挑战). And we’ve borrowed a lot of money from the bank to get started.”
“In this first three-month period, we’re settling in and repairing the farmhouse，” said Manda.“Then we’ll open our doors to guests.” Bed and breakfast will not be the only way for them to get money, though.“The farm has got olive(橄榄) trees and the equipment(设备) for producing olive oil.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Peter和Brent夫妇为何要改变以前的生活方式。
1．What caused Peter to change his life?
A．He lost his job.
B．He led a hard life.
C．He had to care for his kids.
D．He wasn’t satisfied with his job.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的the firm(公司) he worked for closed down...Peter had the chance to do something different可知， 由于公司倒闭，失业的Peter有了改变生活的契机。
2．What change has taken place since Peter moved to the countryside?
A．He lives a busier life.
B．He has set up his own firm.
C．He has built a large beautiful house.
D．He spends more time with his family.
D 解析：细节理解题。对比Peter前后的生活worked long hours...was never there to see his children growing up和Today, Peter is more relaxed.He spends time with his children可知， 搬到乡下生活的Peter 有更多的时间陪伴家人。
3．What experience have Rob and Manda had?
A．Selling farm produce.
B．Running a school in Italy.
C．Serving breakfast for months.
D．Teaching in a Birmingham school.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的Husband and wife Rob and Manda Brent used to be teachers...worked in Birmingham’s city centre.和never had our own business before可知， Rob和Manda有当老师的经验。
4．What will Rob and Manda’s farmhouse be mainly used as?
A．A farm. B．A hotel.
C．A school. D．A restaurant.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的offer bed and breakfast和最后一段中的we’ll open our doors to guests可知， Rob和Manda的农舍主要是用作旅馆。
B
Q: As a non-native English learner, should I learn British English or American English?
A：The truth is that it makes little difference. Why？Because we can read works written in either American English or British English without too much trouble, and understand each other perfectly well as long as we don’t use too much colloquial slang(口语俚语). They are the same language—both are still English.
The main differences are in vocabulary for some everyday things. However, most Americans know what trousers are, and Britons and Australians know that “pants” are trousers in an American book or movie. And there are a few small spelling differences. There are some very small grammar differences, but these are too small—most of them will probably not even be noticed. I’m British, and I often read books written in American English, as well as British English. To tell you the truth, I hardly notice the differences.
If you want to learn English and use it internationally, learn both kinds. It’s not difficult—just a few extra words or spelling differences to learn.It’s good to know how English speakers from all over the world use the language, no matter where they come from. You might need to know that American English is used mainly in North America, but British English is the standard English in the rest of the English-speaking world, including Britain’s old colonies (殖民地)—Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, India, Malaysia，Hong Kong, etc.
Even “British English” is a bit of a misnomer(用词错误), since there is no real standard way of speaking English in the UK. Some people confuse “British English” with the accent called RP(Received Pronunciation), but they aren’t the same thing.British English is only a standard, not an accent.RP is only one accent in the UK. Few speak it.Other dialects are widely spoken in the UK today.
【解题导语】 作者认为英式英语和美式英语的区别不是很大，二者都学会也不是很难。
5．The author most probably finds American colloquial slang________．
A．strange B．helpful
C．difficult D．interesting
C 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第一段的understand each other perfectly well as long as we don’t use too much colloquial slang(口语俚语)可推断，作者觉得口语俚语不好懂。
6．What does the example of “trousers” and “pants” show?
A．Some differences are easy to notice.
B．Differences in vocabulary are common.
C．One thing can be called different names.
D．Americans and Britons can understand each other.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第二段的However，most Americans know what trousers are，and Britons and Australians know that “pants” are trousers in an American book or movie.可知，作者是想表明美国人和英国人能够理解彼此说的话。
7．What can we learn about Received Pronunciation?
A．It is not an accent. B．It is British English.
C．It is often used in the US. D．It isn’t widely used in Britain.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第四段的British English is only a standard, not an accent.RP is only one accent in the UK.Few speak it.可知，这种方言用的人少。
8．The author would most probably agree that________．
A．colloquial slang shouldn’ t be used often
B．British people find it hard to understand Americans
C．British English and American English don’t differ too much
D．people should learn British English instead of American English
C 解析：推理判断题。根据回答部分第一段的The truth is that it makes little difference.以及第二段的To tell you the truth, I hardly notice the differences.可知，作者觉得美式英语跟英式英语之间的差别不大。
语法填空
Getting better grades can be hard. However, you can achieve it if steps 1._________(take). Firstly, make good use 2.________ class time. Do your reading before class, and if anything confuses (使困惑) you, think out questions you can ask in class. When your teacher asks 3._________ question, put up your hand to give an answer. If you are 4.____________(nature) shy, take a breath, relax and do your best 5.____________(ignore) other people’s opinions. More importantly, clearly write down what your teacher says in class.
Secondly, pay attention to your homework. Try to find a place where there are no 6.____________(noise)．Put your phone out of sight so you won’t be attracted to it.After studying for 45 minutes, take 15 minutes to get up, move or do another activity 7.____________ gives your brain a rest.
Finally, take care of 8.___________(you)．Not getting enough sleep is terrible for your grades. So go to bed early and sleep about eight hours every night.And physical exercise 9._________(be) helpful for you to improve your grades.So, if you don’t play a sport or have gym class every day, spend 30 minutes after school 10.________(walk) to get some exercise.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何提高学习成绩。
1．are taken 解析：主语为steps, 与take之间是被动关系，故填are taken。
2．of 解析：make good use of...充分利用……。
3．a 解析：可数名词单数前需要用冠词，且此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
4．naturally 解析：该空修饰形容词shy, 故填nature的副词形式naturally。
5．to ignore 解析：do one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事。
6．noises 解析：根据该空前的are可知， 此处应用noise的复数形式， 表示“各种噪音”。
7．that/which 解析：先行词为another activity, 关系词在从句中作主语， 故填that或which。
8．yourself 解析：该空所填词在句中作宾语且指代主语本身， 故填you的反身代词形式yourself。
9．is 解析：主语为physical exercise, 且表示一般情况， 故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式， 时态用一般现在时。
10．walking 解析：spend time doing sth.花时间做某事。
短文改错
Last week, I returned from England after three months of live abroad as a international student.During our stay, I lived with a host family.They taught me many useful thing that I could never learn from textbooks.Because of I had to speak English all the time, my English improved greatly.I attended classes in a middle school.At first this was especial difficult for me.But surprisingly, before long I begin to understand what the students and teachers were saying.The other students was very kind to me, and I made lots of friends.But by the end of the third month, I almost didn’t want come home.
答案：
Last week, I returned from England after three months of abroad as international student. During stay, I lived with a host family.They taught me many useful that I could never learn from textbooks.Because I had to speak English all the time, my English improved greatly.I attended classes in a middle school.At first this was difficult for me.But surprisingly, before long I to understand what the students and teachers were saying.The other students very kind to me, and I made lots of friends. by the end of the third month, I almost didn’t want come home.
Section Ⅴ Writing
海 报
文体感知
海报可分为招聘广告、活动宣传、人物介绍等。海报为应用文。常用一般现在时和一般将来时。海报语言要简明扼要， 形式要新颖美观； 多用省略句， 缩略语及类似的语言起到醒目的效果。
增分佳句
①The Students’Union is going to organize an action in order to help the disabled kids.
学生会将组织一个活动， 目的是帮助残疾儿童。
②In this way, not only do the members improve their English, they also learn how to get along well with others.
用这种方式， 不仅能使成员们提升他们的英语， 也能使他们学会如何与别人更好地相处。
③All the goods on show are sold at twenty percent discount. 所有展示的商品以20%的折扣出售。
写作模板
Lecture/Football Match/English Contest
All Are Welcome
(Good news for you)
In order to ________， an important and interesting contest is to be held in ________from ________p．m./a.m. to ________ p．m./a.m., on________．Those who are interested in it, please ________．/Anyone who is willing to attend it should ________．Do be present on time.
Don’t miss the chance!
________(主办单位)
________(时间)
写作要求
请根据下面的提示， 写一张有关举行英语演讲比赛的海报， 词数100左右。提示：
1．比赛目的：提高学生讲英语的能力；
2．报名手续：凡愿意参加者可到各班班长处报名；
3．比赛时间：2019年7月4日下午2点；
4．比赛地点：第一会议室；
5．评比办法：由五位教师作评判员， 前十名将获鼓励奖；
6．举办单位：学生会；
7．海报发布时间：2019年4月24日。
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1．提高improve
2．说英语的能力the ability to speak English
3．一场全校范围的英语演讲比赛 a school-wide English-speaking contest
4．举行hold
5．参加take part
6．报名sign up
7．邀请某人做某事invite sb.to do sth.
8．担当，作为work as
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①一场全校范围的英语演讲比赛可以提高学生讲英语的能力。
A school-wide English-speaking contest can improve the students’ ability to speak English．
②一场全校范围的英语演讲比赛将于2019年7月4日下午2点在第一会议室举行。
A school-wide English-speaking contest will be held in No.1 meeting room at 2 p．m. on July 4, 2019.
③如果你想参加的话，请找你的班长报名。
If you are willing to take part, please go to your monitor to sign up.
④已经邀请了我们学校的五名老师作为裁判。
Five teachers of our school have been invited to work as judges.
⑤比赛将会非常精彩。
The contest will be wonderful．
⑥你不可错过。
You can’t miss it．
2．句式升级
⑦将句①和句②用不定式连成一个简单句
In order to improve the students’ ability to speak English, a school-wide English-speaking contest will be held in No.1 meeting room at 2 p．m. on July 4, 2019.
⑧将句③改成含有定语从句的复合句
Anyone who is willing to take part please go to your monitor to sign up．
⑨将句⑤和句⑥连成一个并列句
The contest will be wonderful and you can’t miss it.
妙笔成篇
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A Poster for an English-Speaking Contest
Fellow students, are you good at English? Do you want to improve your oral English?
In order to improve the students’ ability to speak English, a school-wide English-speaking contest will be held in No.1 meeting room at 2 p．m.on July 4, 2019. Anyone who is willing to take part please go to your monitor to sign up. Five teachers of our school have been invited to work as judges. The first ten winners will be given awards as an encouragement.
All are welcome to be present at the contest. The contest will be wonderful and you can’t miss it.
The Students’ Union
April 24，2019
假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华， 你校学生会将举办一场英语辩论(debate)大赛。请你根据以下提示， 以短文形式用英语写一份书面通知。
1．辩论主题：学生上学是否应该带手机；
2．时间及地点：下周五下午， 学校礼堂；
3．报名时间：截止到下周一。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3．通知格式已给出， 但不计入总词数。
NOTICE
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Student Council
One possible version：
NOTICE
To enrich our life, our school is going to hold an English debate competition.Every one of you is expected to be part of it.
The competition will be held in the school hall next Friday afternoon.The topic is whether students should be allowed to carry cellphones to school.If you are interested and good at expressing your opinions, please sign up before next Monday.
Come on, everybody! It is show time.
Student Council
课件18张PPT。Unit 2 English around the worldimprovethe ability to speak Englisha school-wide English-speaking contestholdtake partsign upinvite sb.to do sth.work aswill be heldtake parthave been invited to work aswill be wonderfulmiss it按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的
Both English and French are official languages(官方语言) in Canada.
2.base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
①Based(base) on his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University, his story is very moving.
②Having a good command of Chinese is a basic(base) need to live in China.
3.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
①I have two good friends, Mary and Lily, the former is good at dancing, the latter(后者) can speak Danish fluently.
②A few years later(late), I came across on the way to my home.
4.command n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握
①I got along well with the girl who has a good command of(精通) the German language.
②I’m at your command—what would you like me to do？
③He commanded that everyone should make(make) good use of this chance.
＝He commanded everyone to make(make) good use of this chance.
5.request n．& vt.请求；要求
我要求所有学生为考试做好准备。(一句多译)
①I made a request that_ all the students should be well prepared for the exam.(request n．)
②I requested that all the students should be well prepared for the exam.
③I requested all the students_to be well prepared for the exam.
6.expression n．词语；表示；表达；表情
I find it hard to express(express) myself in English.
7.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
①He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him(认出他).
②As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition(recognize).
8.straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的
Go straight(径直走) along this street and you’ll reach the building.
阅读词汇排查练
1.subway n． 地下人行道；(美)地铁
2.elevator n. 电梯；升降机
3.petrol n. (英)汽油
4.gas n. 汽油
5.identity n． 本身；本体；身份
6.dialect n. 方言
7.African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的
8.Spanish adj. 西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的
n. 西班牙人；西班牙语
9.lorry n． (英)卡车
10.block n. 街区；块；木块；石块
11.cab n. 出租车
12.enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善
重点短语
会书写
1.more than 超过；非常；不只是；不仅是
2.because of 因为；由于
3.come up 走近；上来；提出
4.at present 现在；目前
5.make full use of 充分利用
6.such as 例如……；像这种的
7.play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
8.even if 即使
9.be based on 以……为基础
10.believe it or not 信不信由你
11.the number of... ……的数量/数目
会应用
1.The number of_students learning English is larger than ever before.
2.Because of a bad cold, he didn’t go to the party last night.
3.The students are going over their lessons for the exam at present.
4.You should make full use of every minute to prepare for the contest.
5.The American boy can speak many languages，such as Chinese, French and German.
6.An old beggar came up_ to us and asked for money when we waited for our bus at the station.
7.Believe it or not, my little sister played an important part in an American film.
重点句型
1．even if/though引导让步状语从句
尽管饱受困难，但他从不屈服。
Even if/though he suffered from a lot of difficulties, he never gave in.
2．more... than...与其说……倒不如说……
依我看来，与其说他聪明倒不如说他幸运。
In my opinion, he is more lucky than clever．
3．This/That is because... 这/那是因为……。
这是因为你在你的家庭中起着重要作用。
This is because you are playing an important part in your family.
4．the same... as 与……一样
你能给我买一本和你昨天给汤姆的那本一样的书吗？
Could you buy me the same book as you gave Tom yesterday?
5．There is no such... as...没有像……的。
诚实地说，世上没有那么好的运气。
To be honest, there is no such good luck in the world as this.
单元语法
1．The English teacher said to us, “Don’t talk in class！”
→The English teacher warned us not to talk in class.
2．“Set down these useful English sentences，” Miss Lee said to us.
→Miss Lee told us to set down those useful English sentences.
3．Tony asked the girl to show him how to use the new cellphone.
→“Please show me how to use the new cellphone，” Tony said to the girl.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．我一直不懂学英语的正确方法，这使我很担心。幸运的是，直到有一天我走上前去就如何学好英语征求我们英语老师的意见。(come up；ask sb.for advice on)
2．目前学好英语最好的方法是使用英语。(at present)
3．我们的老师要求我经常运用英语。(request sb.to do sth.)
4．经常运用英语在英语学习中起了很重要的作用。(play an important part in)
5．我们要充分利用每一个机会用英语同他人如老师、同学和室友等交流。(make full use of; such as)
6．任何方法都建立在努力的基础上。(be based on)
7．因为我学习英语的态度改变了，所以我的英语成绩有了很大的提高。(because of the change of my attitude to doing sth.)
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One possible version：
I didn’t know the correct way to learn English，which made me worried.Luckily, one day I came up to our English teacher and asked him for advice on how to learn English well.He requested me to try to use it frequently, saying that at present, the best way to learn English well is to use it, for that plays an important part in English learning.In addition, he requested that I should make full use of every opportunity to communicate in English with others such as my teachers, my classmates and my roommates.In the end, he pointed out that any method is based on hard work.Because of the change of my attitude to learning English, my English has improved a lot.
课件21张PPT。official languagesBasedbasiclatterlaterhas a good command ofatshould maketo makemade a request thatshould be well prepared forto be well prepared forto expressrecognize himrecognitionGo straight地下人行道；(美)地铁电梯；升降机(英)汽油汽油本身；本体；身份方言非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的西班牙人；西班牙语(英)卡车街区；块；木块；石块出租车使富裕；充实；改善more thanbecause ofcome upat presentmake full use ofsuch asplay a part (in)even ifbe based onbelieve it or notthe number of...The number ofBecause ofat presentmake full use ofsuch ascame upBelieve it or notEven if/though he suffered frommore lucky than cleverThis is becausethe same book asthere is no such good luck in the world aswarnednot to talktoldto set down thosePlease show按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
