培养孩子们健康的饮食习惯不仅仅是父母的责任，学校也可助一臂之力。
Get Fresh Teaches Healthy Eating to Pupils
Cassidy Bradley is sitting at a table with her classmates in a special nutrition(营养) class. The class teaches children how to eat healthily, make smart food choices and how doing so affects their health.
Sitting next to Cassidy is Jayden Randolph. He says he loves eating hot dogs, but he says he is also learning how to eat healthily. J’adore Carter smiles and says she is learning about eating healthy food, too.
Get Fresh is part of the program Families, Food and Fun introduced at William Perry Elementary School with the purpose of creating long-term change in the health of the community by preventing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)．
“Over the long term, we hope to see the number of students with diabetes drop now that this program is in place，” says Krystal Moyers, community outreach director at Augusta Health.
The program taught to elementary schoolers at nutritionWilliam Perry provides education, fresh produce tastings and family nutrition programming.
By bringing nutrition education into the classroom, kids enjoy learning about a fruit or vegetable that is in season every week and then take home information about that food that they can share with their parents, including recipes(食谱)．
During the program, kids learn about how foods affect the body, how physical activities help keep us healthy, what ingredients to use when cooking and then all this healthy learning is topped off by making a fun dessert(甜点)．
To make it something the whole family will enjoy together when they get home, parents learn how to cook nutritious meals in the school’s kitchen.
“I think it’s great，” says parent Rebecca Campbell. “It gives families a chance to learn how to do different things in the kitchen, and it’ll give the children an opportunity to help out, too, because I think children are more likely to eat things that they have helped to prepare.”
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.diet n. 日常饮食
vi. 节食
2.slim vi. 变细；减肥
adj. 苗条的；纤细的
3.hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
4.raw adj. 生的；未加工的
5.lie n. 谎话；谎言
vi. 说谎
6.customer n. 顾客；消费者
7.discount n. 折扣
拓展词汇
8.balance vt.平衡；权衡 n．天平；平衡→balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
9.fry vt.& vi.油煎；油炸→fried adj.油炸的
10.curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的
11.weakness n．缺点；虚弱；弱点→weak adj.弱的
12.strength n．强项；长处；力量→strong adj.强壮的→strengthen vt.加强
阅读词汇
13.nut n. 坚果；果仁
14.muscle n. 肌肉；(食用)瘦肉
15.bean n. 豆；豆科植物
16.pepper n. 胡椒粉；辣椒
17.mutton n. 羊肉
18.vinegar n. 醋
19.bacon n. 熏咸肉；腊肉
20.sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的
重点短语
1.balanced diet 平衡膳食
2.ought to 应当；应该
3.lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
4.get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
5.tell a lie 说谎
6.even though 即使
7.with a discount 打折
8.win...back 赢回；重新获得
重点句型
1.现在分词短语作状语：Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated(感到非常沮丧).
2.否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义：“Nothing could be better(再没有比这些更好吃的了)，” he thought.
3.must have done结构：Something terrible must have happened(一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
4.have sb./sth. doing sth.：He could not have Yong Hui getting away with(让雍慧逃过惩罚) telling people lies！
Fast-reading
Skim the text and do the following exercises.
1．Match the main idea of each part.
Part 1________ A．Wang Peng did some research and wanted to win his customers back.
Part 2________ B．Wang Peng found out the reason why his restaurant was empty.
Part 3________ C．Wang Peng wondered why customers didn’t eat in his restaurant as usual.
答案：CBA
2．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The competition between Wang Peng’s and Yong Hui’s restaurants.
B．A healthy eating.
C．The benefit of balanced diet.
D．The benefit of energy-giving food.
答案：A
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What did Wang Peng think of the food in his restaurant?
A．Very bad. B．Popular.
C．Unpopular. D．Just so-so.
2．What did Wang Peng do after he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by?
A．He just sat in his restaurant feeling frustrated.
B．He did some research.
C．He followed Li Chang to see why he didn’t eat in his restaurant.
D．He began to advertise his food.
3．What can we learn from Wang Peng’s research in the library?
A．Wang Peng’s restaurant offered a balanced diet.
B．Yong Hui’s restaurant offered a balanced diet.
C．Both of the restaurants offered a balanced diet.
D．Neither of the restaurants offered a healthy diet.
4．According to the passage, we can infer that a balanced diet should contain ________．
A．much fat that can give energy
B．no fat but rich fibers to keep fit
C．only raw vegetables, fruits and water to keep slim
D．enough energy-giving food, fibered food as well
答案：1－4.BCDD
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the passage.
1．Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
此句为复杂的简单句。“feeling very frustrated”为动词-ing短语在句中作伴随状语。
[翻译] 王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。
2．Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
此句为主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句，而as引导方式状语从句。句中的“must have happened”为对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意思为“……一定发生了”。
[翻译] 要是李昌不像往常那样到他的餐馆吃饭，那肯定是发生了什么糟糕的事情。
3．Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.
此句为Even though引导的让步状语从句，该句主句为they were not eating enough energy-giving food，to keep them fit为动词不定式作目的状语。
[翻译] 即使顾客吃雍慧的餐馆里的食物会变瘦，但他们摄取不到足够的能量来保持健康。
4．The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not give enough protective food.
此句为主从复合句。that引导的从句在句中作表语。
[翻译] 王鹏餐馆的饮食弱点在于它没能给予足够的保健型食物。
①frustrated adj.沮丧的，懊恼的
frustrating adj.令人沮丧的
②barbecue['bɑ?bIkju?]vt.& n．烧烤；烤肉
③mutton['m?tn]n.羊肉
④kebab[kI'b?b]n. (＝kabob[k?'b?b])(印度)烤腌羊肉串；肉串上的肉块
⑤roast[r??st]adj.烤制的
vt.& vi.烤；烘；烘烤
⑥stir-fry vt.用旺火炒(或煎、煸)
stir[st??(r)]vt.摇动；搅和
⑦fry[fraI]vt.& vi油煎；油炸
⑧by lunchtime 到午饭时间
by表示“不迟于，在……之前”。
⑨ought to 应当；应该
⑩think of 记得，想起；想出；考虑；认为
think about考虑，思索，思考
think over仔细考虑，慎重思考
think of...as...把……看作……
?bacon['beIk?n]n.熏咸肉；腊肉
?sugary['??ɡ?rI]adj.含糖的；甜的
?delicious adj.美味的，可口的
?sign[saIn]n.牌示；标记；符号 give sb.a sign 示意某人
?(be) tired of 对……厌烦
?lose weight体重减轻；减肥
put on/gain weight增加体重
?slimming n．[U]减肥，减轻体重
slim[slIm]vi.变细；减肥
adj.苗条的；纤细的
slim 侧重于身材细长而苗条；thin泛指身体瘦、瘦削，但有时含一点贬义。
?curiosity[?kj??rI'?s?tI]n.好奇心
curious adj.好奇的
?drive vt.驱使，迫使
?hostess['h??stIs]n.女主人；女主持人
(raw[r??]adj.生的；未加工的
raw vegetables 生蔬菜
raw materials 原材料
(vinegar['vInIɡ?]n.醋
(be amazed at对……大为惊奇
(throw down扔下；丢下
(find out查明；弄清(情况)
(get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
(tell a lie 说谎
lie[laI]n.谎话；谎言
vi.(lied，lied，lying)说谎
(far too much太多的
far为副词，修饰副词too；too much意为“太多”，在此修饰不可数名词fat。
(customer['k?st?m?]n.顾客；消费者
(discount['dIska?nt]n.折扣
(win...back 赢回；重新获得
(all day(＝all the day/the whole day)一整天
(competition n．竞争，角逐
the competition between A and B
A和B之间的竞争
【核心素养链接】
卡路里(简称卡，缩写为cal)，由英文calorie音译而来。卡路里是能量单位，现在仍被广泛使用在营养计量和健身手册上。一般来说，成人每天需要至少1 500千卡的能量来维持身体机能，这是因为即使你躺着不动，你的身体仍需能量来保持体温、心肺功能和大脑运作。当摄入的卡路里多于或少于机体所燃烧的量会怎样？机体会分别增加或减少脂肪。
控制能量摄入并适当锻炼是一种相当有效的减肥方法，也被大多数医师看作是最健康的减肥途径。其机理相当简单，当每日摄入的能量不足以提供身体的能量消耗时，人体就会调用其体内存储的糖类和脂肪，当脂肪被分解并为身体提供能量时，减肥过程就开始了。但是仍要注意，过度的节食会对肠胃及消化系统造成危害。一些医师指出，对能量摄入的控制应该循序渐进，以保证人体能够慢慢适应，同时每天摄入的能量一般以不少于800千卡为宜，否则人体会通过降低身体机能来弥补能量摄入不足的情况，通常会造成头晕、乏力的状况，而且基础代谢消耗的减小也会影响减肥的效果。
COME AND EAT HERE (1)
Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated①.It had been a very strange morning.Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued② mutton③ kebabs④， roast⑤ pork, stir-fried⑥ vegetables and fried⑦ rice.Then by lunchtime⑧ they would all be sold.By now his restaurant ought to⑨be full of people.But not today! Why was that? What could have happened? He thought of⑩ his mutton, beef and bacon? cooked in the hottest, finest oil．His cola was sugary? and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious? fruit. “Nothing could be better，”he thought. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.“Hello, Lao Li，” he called.“Your usual？” But Li Chang seemed not to hear.What was the matter? Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
◆feeling very frustrated是现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
◆could have done在此处表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能……”。
◆cooked in the...oil是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which were cooked in the...oil。
◆Nothing could be better是“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级的意义。
◆本句中saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，现在分词hurrying作宾补，表示主动和动作正在进行。
◆“Your usual？”为口语化表达，补全后应为“Do you want your usual food？”。
◆must have done表示对过去情况的肯定性推测，意为“想必/一定……”。if引导条件状语从句，其中又包含一个as引导的方式状语从句。
Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a small new restaurant.He saw a sign?at the door.
Tired of? all that fat? Want to lose weight?？
Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming? restaurant.
Only slimming foods served here.
Make yourself thin again!
Curiosity? drove? Wang Peng inside.It was full of people. The hostess?，a very thin lady，came forward.“Welcome，” she said.“My name is Yong Hui.I’ll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng. There were few choices of food and drink on it : just rice, raw( vegetables served in vinegar(，fruit and water.Wang Peng was amazed at( this and especially at the prices.It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant! He could not believe his eyes.He threw down( the menu and hurried outside.On his way home he thought about his own menu.Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the library and find out(. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with( telling people lies(! He had better do some research!
◆此处是一般疑问句的省略形式，其完整形式应为：Are you tired of all that fat? Do you want to lose weight?
◆此处have sb. doing sth.用于否定句中，表示“不允许/不容忍某人做某事”。
At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much( fat and Yong Hui’s far too little. Even though her customers( might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.They would become tired very quickly.Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home．Perhaps with a discount(and a new sign he could win his customers back(.So he wrote：
Want to feel fit and energetic？
Come and eat here! Discounts today!
Our food gives you energy all day(!
The competition( between the two restaurants was on!
◆此处为省略句，补充完整为：Yong Hui’s restaurant served far too little fat.。
◆本句为复合句。Even though(＝Even if)意为“即使，尽管”，在此引导让步状语从句；主句中的keep sb. fit意为“使某人保持健康”，属于“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
◆as he drove back home是as引导的时间状语从句。
到这里来用餐吧(1)
王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。这个上午真的很奇怪。通常他很早就起床，准备他的菜单——烤羊肉串、烤猪肉、炒菜和炒米饭。然后到午饭时分，这些饭菜都会卖完。到了这个时候，他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的，但今天却不是！为什么会这样？发生了什么事？他想起了他用滚烫的精制油烹制的羊肉、牛肉和腊肉。他的可乐又甜又凉，冰淇淋是用牛奶、奶油和美味的水果制成的。他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。” 突然间，他看到自己的朋友李昌匆匆走过。他喊道：“喂，老李。你还是吃老一套吧？” 可是李昌似乎没有听到。怎么回事呢？要是李昌不像往常那样到他的餐馆吃饭，那肯定是发生了什么糟糕的事情。
王鹏跟着李昌来到一家新开张的小餐馆，他看见门口有一块招牌。
肥腻的食物吃厌了吧？想变瘦吗？
请到雍慧减肥餐馆来吧。
此处只供应减肥食品。
让你恢复苗条身材！
王鹏在好奇心的驱使下走了进去。里面坐满了人。店老板是一个清瘦的女人，她走上前来说道：“欢迎光临！我叫雍慧。你如果每天来这儿用餐，我可以在两周内帮您减肥并让您身体健康起来。” 然后，她递给王鹏一份菜谱，菜谱上有很少的几样食物和饮料：只有米饭、蘸醋吃的生蔬菜、水果和水。王鹏对此感到吃惊，特别是对它们的价格。这价格比在他的餐馆里吃一顿好饭还要贵！他不能相信自己的眼睛。他扔下菜谱就急着往外走。在回家的路上，他想起了自己的菜谱。那些菜让人发胖吗？也许他该去图书馆查查看。他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！他最好做一些调查！
在图书馆，王鹏惊奇地发现：他的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太高，而雍慧的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太低。即使顾客吃雍慧的餐馆里的食物会变瘦，但他们摄取不到足够的能量来保持健康。他们很快就会感到疲乏。开车回家时，王鹏觉得又有了希望。也许打点折、写个新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。于是他写道：
想保持健康又精力旺盛吗？
到这里来用餐吧！今天打折！
我们的食物能够给您提供一整天所需的能量！
这两家餐馆之间的竞争开始了！
[学生用书P109(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
“The world should help Africa invest(投资) in the health and education of Africa’s younger generation to help fight poverty，” said Bill Gates, whose foundation released its annual report on Tuesday. The report measured progress towards achieving UN poverty-reducing goals in 2030. The report tracks 18 data points on UN development goals, including child deaths, HIV, extreme poverty, and so on.
“While the poverty rate is decreasing globally, the fast population growth in Africa could delay that progress. Therefore, it could even rise，” the report warns. “If those investments were made properly, young Africans will help develop the economy and the population growth will fall, as has been the case in other countries，” said the report.
The report showed that by 2050, over 40% of extremely poor people in the world will live in just two countries: Congo and Nigeria. “The challenge of population growth in Africa leads to a simple idea that the world should help Africa invest in the health and the education of this young generation in Africa，” Gates told journalists. Asked how to meet the growing population and poverty challenge, Gates said improving access to birth control was the key.
In its family planning section, the report called on policymakers to enable women to have the right to choose the number of children they have, and when they have them. According to UN data, Africa will account for over half of the world’s population growth by 2050. Yet if every woman in Africa could decide the number of their children, the population increase could be 30% smaller. This would also enable more girls and women to stay in school longer, get married and have children later. Smaller families tend to be healthier and more productive.
The report also mentioned great progress from Brazil on nutrition, Indonesia for family planning and Vietnam for the quality of education.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盖茨基金会发布的一份关于帮助投资非洲年轻一代的健康和教育，以消除非洲贫困的报告。
1．The purpose of releasing the report is to ________．
A．tell us about UN poverty-reducing goals
B．call on the world to help Africa fight poverty
C．introduce ways to develop the economy worldwide
D．state the progress made in health and education last year
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“The world should help Africa invest(投资) in the...fight poverty，” said Bill Gates, whose foundation released its annual report on Tuesday.可知，盖茨基金会发布这份报告主要是为了号召全球一起帮助非洲摆脱贫困。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The poverty rate.
B．The population of Africa.
C．The income of Africans.
D．The progress of education.
A 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的While the poverty rate is decreasing globally, the fast population growth in Africa could delay that progress...could even rise可知，虽然世界范围内的贫困率正在逐渐降低，但是非洲人口的快速增长可能会推迟这一进展。因此，贫困率可能会再次上升。
3．What does Bill Gates think is an effective way to fight poverty in Africa?
A．Controlling the population birth rate.
B．Allowing girls to be educated in school longer.
C．Giving young people more chances to study abroad.
D．Encouraging young people to make more investments.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Asked how to meet the growing population and poverty challenge, Gates said improving access to birth control was the key. 可知，比尔·盖茨认为消除贫困最关键的是要控制人口出生率。
B
You already know a number of things that can reduce your chances of getting various types of cancer. Avoiding tobacco(烟草) products is an important thing, but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cancer discovers some very interesting connection between people’s time for dinner and their overall risks of developing certain types of cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, which are among the largest killers of women and men.
“Modern life involves mistimed sleeping and eating patterns that are connected with poor health effects in experimental studies，” the researchers explain. “We assessed(评估) whether the time for meals is connected with breast and prostate cancer risks, in consideration of the lifestyle and chronotype(生物钟)．”
The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. People who eat before 9 pm or eat at least a couple of hours before hitting the sack have lower risks of developing cancers. The scientists assess that these people enjoy a 20% drop in cancer risks when compared to those who eat dinner after 10 pm or eat right before climbing into bed.
The researchers followed the habits of thousands of people and tracked their nighttime eating habits and whether they developed cancer over the long term or not. The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial to have dinner earlier if you hope to avoid some of the more common types of cancer, but the researchers still don’t know exactly why that’s true. At the moment, they believe circadian rhythm, which is the patterns of daily activity and sleep that humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的几率。
4．Why are tobacco products mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To make comparisons.
C．To advertise some products.
D．To show the harm of smoking.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的．..but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it. 可知，第一段中提到烟草是为了引入本文的主题。
5．What does the underlined part “hitting the sack” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Getting up.
B．Going to bed.
C．Drinking some soup.
D．Taking some medicine.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段的The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. 及．..eat right before climbing into bed可知，画线部分意为“去睡觉”。
6．We can infer that the researchers________．
A．need further work to improve the study
B．have confirmed the effects of circadian rhythm
C．lack long-term and reliable research evidences
D．have found the real causes of some types of cancer
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial...humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.可推断，研究者们需要继续工作，进一步完善这个研究。
7．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Early to Bed, Early to Rise
B．Nothing Is More Important than Health
C．Healthy Diet Makes You Suffer Less from Cancer
D．Eating Dinner Earlier Can Lower Your Risk of Cancer
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了一个研究的结果：早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的几率。故可知答案。
C
If anyone who has ridden a horse for any length of time told you they have never felt any fear, they would be dishonest. You may prefer to call it “respect” instead of fear, but it’s always a fact that the 1，000-pound or so animal you are sitting on is, physically, more powerful than you are.
A bad experience, usually something that cannot be avoided no matter what the rider does, can turn healthy respect to fear. Once a rider has been physically hurt, it will take him/her a while to rebuild confidence. The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine. However, suppressing(抑制) fear seldom works. Besides, suppressing fear doesn’t help to tell the rider to “just get over it”．
Fear is usually related to the rider’s skill level. The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills. Having good riding skills gives the rider the confidence that he or she has the ability to ride a horse and to deal with anything the horse might do. Riders also need to develop habits that allow them to stay mentally and emotionally calm in a relaxed way when their horse becomes excited or frightened. Their partners also have to keep calm in order to bring the other back to that state.
It is hard to get past your fear when you work by yourself. Finding an experienced instructor who knows your confidence crisis(危机) is important. You need someone who understands how to back up and find the point where you are comfortably riding. Having the right horse can also be important when you are learning to ride horse and trying to rebuild confidence. We are fortunate here at Meredith Manor to have 130 to 150 horses to choose from when our instructors sit down to make weekly horse assignment(分配) for each learner.
【解题导语】 学骑马的时候心里害怕很正常，作者在本文提供了几点建议来帮助骑马者克服这种情绪。
8．What does the author want to show in Paragraph 1?
A．Horses are really powerful.
B．Some horse riders can be dishonest.
C．It’s common for horse riders to fear.
D．Horse riders should respect their horses.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是在阐释：每个骑过马的人都曾感到过害怕，这是很普遍的事情。
9．According to the old idea, after a bad horse riding experience, we should ________．
A．try horse riding again at once
B．tell ourselves to just get over it
C．turn our fears into healthy respect
D．avoid riding a horse for some time
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine.可知，老观点认为，一次失败的经历之后，我们可以通过立即再次尝试来克服恐惧。
10．What does the author think is the best way to overcome riding fears?
A．Improving our horse riding skills.
B．Learning to stay calm in an accident.
C．Finding the point of comfortably riding.
D．Seeking help from an experienced partner.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills.可知，作者认为克服骑马恐惧最好的方法是提升骑马的技巧。
七选五
How to build good relationships with people from other cultures? Actually, it is important to learn some skills to communicate with them. Armed with the knowledge of how to communicate effectively, you can make things easier.1.________
Learn about the culture beforehand. 2.________ So if you have time before going abroad or meeting with someone from another culture, try to take time to learn the basic “do’s and don’ts ” of that culture. You can find information on this from the Internet sources such as those provided by the National Center for Cultural Competence.
Be respectful and tolerant(宽容的). 3.________ Signs of these may appear when you communicate with people from other cultures. However, it is not the time to judge people based on these differences during basic communication. Instead, respect them for what they are, and tolerate them. You may even learn something new.
Speak clearly and slowly if necessary. But do not shout at others even if they don’t understand you. 4.________ Instead, it can be seen as rude. Likewise, even if there are difficulties in communicating with people from other cultures, do not treat other people as though they were unintelligent.
5．________ In some cultures, looking another person in the eye when you speak is seen as a sign of honesty and interest. However, in other cultures, it may be seen as disrespectful.
A．A little knowledge can go a long way.
B．It takes time to know about other cultures.
C．Keep eye contact when talking with others.
D．Know whether to make eye contact or avoid it.
E．Each culture has its own set of values and beliefs.
F．The following are some tips that may help you greatly.
G．Raising your voice cannot make yourself easier to be understood.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了和来自不同文化的人们有效交流的几点建议。
1．F 解析：此空设于段尾，引出下文。前一句表明拥有一些如何有效交流的知识后可以使事情变得容易，此句指出下文的一些建议或许可以很大程度地帮到你。
2．A 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句讲要提前了解一些相关的文化，此句指出一点点相关的知识都会对你有所帮助，下一句进一步提出，在出国前或者和来自不同文化的人们见面前，如果有时间，要学一些相应文化中的守则。
3．E 解析：此空设于段中，与下文存在逻辑上的指代关系。下文中的these指代的是本句中的values and beliefs。
4．G 解析：此空设于段中，对前一句进行解释。此句和后一句都是解释说明本段第二句，即当别人不明白你讲的内容时，不要朝他们大声喊叫。
5．D 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。由本段后面的内容可知，在有些文化中，谈话时的眼神交流会被认为是一种诚实和(对谈话)感兴趣的标志，而在另外一些文化中，谈话时看对方会被认为是不尊敬人的，这都是对该主题句进行的解释。
课件50张PPT。Unit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 2 Healthy eating按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P109(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
“The world should help Africa invest(投资) in the health and education of Africa’s younger generation to help fight poverty，” said Bill Gates, whose foundation released its annual report on Tuesday. The report measured progress towards achieving UN poverty-reducing goals in 2030. The report tracks 18 data points on UN development goals, including child deaths, HIV, extreme poverty, and so on.
“While the poverty rate is decreasing globally, the fast population growth in Africa could delay that progress. Therefore, it could even rise，” the report warns. “If those investments were made properly, young Africans will help develop the economy and the population growth will fall, as has been the case in other countries，” said the report.
The report showed that by 2050, over 40% of extremely poor people in the world will live in just two countries: Congo and Nigeria. “The challenge of population growth in Africa leads to a simple idea that the world should help Africa invest in the health and the education of this young generation in Africa，” Gates told journalists. Asked how to meet the growing population and poverty challenge, Gates said improving access to birth control was the key.
In its family planning section, the report called on policymakers to enable women to have the right to choose the number of children they have, and when they have them. According to UN data, Africa will account for over half of the world’s population growth by 2050. Yet if every woman in Africa could decide the number of their children, the population increase could be 30% smaller. This would also enable more girls and women to stay in school longer, get married and have children later. Smaller families tend to be healthier and more productive.
The report also mentioned great progress from Brazil on nutrition, Indonesia for family planning and Vietnam for the quality of education.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盖茨基金会发布的一份关于帮助投资非洲年轻一代的健康和教育，以消除非洲贫困的报告。
1．The purpose of releasing the report is to ________．
A．tell us about UN poverty-reducing goals
B．call on the world to help Africa fight poverty
C．introduce ways to develop the economy worldwide
D．state the progress made in health and education last year
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“The world should help Africa invest(投资) in the...fight poverty，” said Bill Gates, whose foundation released its annual report on Tuesday.可知，盖茨基金会发布这份报告主要是为了号召全球一起帮助非洲摆脱贫困。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The poverty rate.
B．The population of Africa.
C．The income of Africans.
D．The progress of education.
A 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的While the poverty rate is decreasing globally, the fast population growth in Africa could delay that progress...could even rise可知，虽然世界范围内的贫困率正在逐渐降低，但是非洲人口的快速增长可能会推迟这一进展。因此，贫困率可能会再次上升。
3．What does Bill Gates think is an effective way to fight poverty in Africa?
A．Controlling the population birth rate.
B．Allowing girls to be educated in school longer.
C．Giving young people more chances to study abroad.
D．Encouraging young people to make more investments.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Asked how to meet the growing population and poverty challenge, Gates said improving access to birth control was the key. 可知，比尔·盖茨认为消除贫困最关键的是要控制人口出生率。
B
You already know a number of things that can reduce your chances of getting various types of cancer. Avoiding tobacco(烟草) products is an important thing, but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cancer discovers some very interesting connection between people’s time for dinner and their overall risks of developing certain types of cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, which are among the largest killers of women and men.
“Modern life involves mistimed sleeping and eating patterns that are connected with poor health effects in experimental studies，” the researchers explain. “We assessed(评估) whether the time for meals is connected with breast and prostate cancer risks, in consideration of the lifestyle and chronotype(生物钟)．”
The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. People who eat before 9 pm or eat at least a couple of hours before hitting the sack have lower risks of developing cancers. The scientists assess that these people enjoy a 20% drop in cancer risks when compared to those who eat dinner after 10 pm or eat right before climbing into bed.
The researchers followed the habits of thousands of people and tracked their nighttime eating habits and whether they developed cancer over the long term or not. The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial to have dinner earlier if you hope to avoid some of the more common types of cancer, but the researchers still don’t know exactly why that’s true. At the moment, they believe circadian rhythm, which is the patterns of daily activity and sleep that humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的几率。
4．Why are tobacco products mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To make comparisons.
C．To advertise some products.
D．To show the harm of smoking.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的．..but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it. 可知，第一段中提到烟草是为了引入本文的主题。
5．What does the underlined part “hitting the sack” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Getting up.
B．Going to bed.
C．Drinking some soup.
D．Taking some medicine.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段的The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. 及．..eat right before climbing into bed可知，画线部分意为“去睡觉”。
6．We can infer that the researchers________．
A．need further work to improve the study
B．have confirmed the effects of circadian rhythm
C．lack long-term and reliable research evidences
D．have found the real causes of some types of cancer
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial...humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.可推断，研究者们需要继续工作，进一步完善这个研究。
7．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Early to Bed, Early to Rise
B．Nothing Is More Important than Health
C．Healthy Diet Makes You Suffer Less from Cancer
D．Eating Dinner Earlier Can Lower Your Risk of Cancer
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了一个研究的结果：早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的几率。故可知答案。
C
If anyone who has ridden a horse for any length of time told you they have never felt any fear, they would be dishonest. You may prefer to call it “respect” instead of fear, but it’s always a fact that the 1，000-pound or so animal you are sitting on is, physically, more powerful than you are.
A bad experience, usually something that cannot be avoided no matter what the rider does, can turn healthy respect to fear. Once a rider has been physically hurt, it will take him/her a while to rebuild confidence. The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine. However, suppressing(抑制) fear seldom works. Besides, suppressing fear doesn’t help to tell the rider to “just get over it”．
Fear is usually related to the rider’s skill level. The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills. Having good riding skills gives the rider the confidence that he or she has the ability to ride a horse and to deal with anything the horse might do. Riders also need to develop habits that allow them to stay mentally and emotionally calm in a relaxed way when their horse becomes excited or frightened. Their partners also have to keep calm in order to bring the other back to that state.
It is hard to get past your fear when you work by yourself. Finding an experienced instructor who knows your confidence crisis(危机) is important. You need someone who understands how to back up and find the point where you are comfortably riding. Having the right horse can also be important when you are learning to ride horse and trying to rebuild confidence. We are fortunate here at Meredith Manor to have 130 to 150 horses to choose from when our instructors sit down to make weekly horse assignment(分配) for each learner.
【解题导语】 学骑马的时候心里害怕很正常，作者在本文提供了几点建议来帮助骑马者克服这种情绪。
8．What does the author want to show in Paragraph 1?
A．Horses are really powerful.
B．Some horse riders can be dishonest.
C．It’s common for horse riders to fear.
D．Horse riders should respect their horses.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是在阐释：每个骑过马的人都曾感到过害怕，这是很普遍的事情。
9．According to the old idea, after a bad horse riding experience, we should ________．
A．try horse riding again at once
B．tell ourselves to just get over it
C．turn our fears into healthy respect
D．avoid riding a horse for some time
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine.可知，老观点认为，一次失败的经历之后，我们可以通过立即再次尝试来克服恐惧。
10．What does the author think is the best way to overcome riding fears?
A．Improving our horse riding skills.
B．Learning to stay calm in an accident.
C．Finding the point of comfortably riding.
D．Seeking help from an experienced partner.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills.可知，作者认为克服骑马恐惧最好的方法是提升骑马的技巧。
七选五
How to build good relationships with people from other cultures? Actually, it is important to learn some skills to communicate with them. Armed with the knowledge of how to communicate effectively, you can make things easier.1.________
Learn about the culture beforehand. 2.________ So if you have time before going abroad or meeting with someone from another culture, try to take time to learn the basic “do’s and don’ts ” of that culture. You can find information on this from the Internet sources such as those provided by the National Center for Cultural Competence.
Be respectful and tolerant(宽容的). 3.________ Signs of these may appear when you communicate with people from other cultures. However, it is not the time to judge people based on these differences during basic communication. Instead, respect them for what they are, and tolerate them. You may even learn something new.
Speak clearly and slowly if necessary. But do not shout at others even if they don’t understand you. 4.________ Instead, it can be seen as rude. Likewise, even if there are difficulties in communicating with people from other cultures, do not treat other people as though they were unintelligent.
5．________ In some cultures, looking another person in the eye when you speak is seen as a sign of honesty and interest. However, in other cultures, it may be seen as disrespectful.
A．A little knowledge can go a long way.
B．It takes time to know about other cultures.
C．Keep eye contact when talking with others.
D．Know whether to make eye contact or avoid it.
E．Each culture has its own set of values and beliefs.
F．The following are some tips that may help you greatly.
G．Raising your voice cannot make yourself easier to be understood.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了和来自不同文化的人们有效交流的几点建议。
1．F 解析：此空设于段尾，引出下文。前一句表明拥有一些如何有效交流的知识后可以使事情变得容易，此句指出下文的一些建议或许可以很大程度地帮到你。
2．A 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句讲要提前了解一些相关的文化，此句指出一点点相关的知识都会对你有所帮助，下一句进一步提出，在出国前或者和来自不同文化的人们见面前，如果有时间，要学一些相应文化中的守则。
3．E 解析：此空设于段中，与下文存在逻辑上的指代关系。下文中的these指代的是本句中的values and beliefs。
4．G 解析：此空设于段中，对前一句进行解释。此句和后一句都是解释说明本段第二句，即当别人不明白你讲的内容时，不要朝他们大声喊叫。
5．D 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。由本段后面的内容可知，在有些文化中，谈话时的眼神交流会被认为是一种诚实和(对谈话)感兴趣的标志，而在另外一些文化中，谈话时看对方会被认为是不尊敬人的，这都是对该主题句进行的解释。
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
diet n．[C，U]日常饮食；规定的食物
vi.节食
(教材P9)Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?
每个人都要吃饭，但你吃的是健康的食物吗？
go on a diet 节食，控制饮食(表动作)
be on a diet 在节食(表状态)
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
①Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.
脂肪和盐是饮食中非常重要的部分。
②No sugar in my coffee, please; I’m dieting.
请别在我的咖啡中加糖，我正在节食。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I have learned that you want to lose weight by dieting(diet)．
[链接写作]——完成句子
②You will feel better if you keep regular exercise and go on a diet(节食)．
③We should not only have a healthy diet(有一个健康的饮食) but we should also balance our study and relaxation.
balance vt.平衡；权衡
n．天平；平衡
(教材P9)What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?
如果你不均衡饮食会发生什么事呢？
(1)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
(2)keep/lose a/one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
keep/eat a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡
①Before making the final decision, you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
在你做出决定之前应当权衡利弊。
②The driver stopped the bus so suddenly that all the passengers nearly lost their balance.
司机突然停车，所有的乘客几乎失去了平衡。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Keeping a balanced(balance) diet and taking exercises regularly is recognized as a healthy lifestyle.
②We must balance the gains against loses before making a decision.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
③(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)学习与社会生活保持平衡很重要，因此你最好加入这个队。
It is very important to keep a balance between study and a social life, so you’d better join the team.
lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
(教材P10)Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
肥腻的食物吃厌了吧？想变瘦吗？
gain/put on weight 体重增加；长胖；增肥
by weight 按体重/重量
watch one’s weight 控制体重
①Because there is not enough food, they are losing weight.
因为没有足够的食物吃，他们的体重在减轻。
②Some people do put on weight after they give up smoking.
一些人戒烟后体重确实会增加。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①If you want to lose weight(如果你想减肥), you ought to exercise every day.
②He has put on weight(发福) during the last two months.
③In order to keep slim, she is watching her weight(控制体重) all the time.
curiosity n．好奇心
(教材P10)Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.
王鹏在好奇心的驱使下走了进去。
(1)out of curiosity 出于好奇
satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
with curiosity＝curiously adv. 好奇地
(2)curious adj. 对……好奇的；奇特的
be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事
be curious about sth. 对某事感到好奇
①I opened the present out of curiosity when I got it.
当我收到礼物时，出于好奇我就打开了它。
②I’m curious to know what has happened to him.
我很好奇他发生了什么事情。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is children’s nature to be curious about the people and things around them.
②The child looked at the robot curiously(curious), wanting to know how it worked.
③People who made great inventions in science are full of curiosity(curious)．
[链接写作]——高考小作文
④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不能错过这个机会！
If you are curious about the history of our school, you mustn’t miss the chance!
get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
get away from 摆脱；离开
get along/on with 与……相处
get in touch with 与……取得联系
get over 克服(困难)；熬过；
从……中恢复过来
get through 完成；接通电话；通过
①Those who cheat in this important exam will not get away with it.
那些在这个重要测试中作弊的人不会逃脱惩罚。
②The boy is too naughty. You shouldn’t let him get away with breaking the windows.
这个男孩太淘气了。你不应该让他打破窗户而不受惩罚。
[即学即练]——用get的相关短语填空
①Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get away from the noise and pollution of London.
②I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network；I can’t get through．
③If we can get over our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
④The child ought to be punished.You shouldn’t let him get away with making fun of the poor girl!
lie n．谎话；谎言
vi.说谎
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
(1)tell a lie/lies 撒谎
a white lie 善意的谎言
tell sb.a lie 向某人撒谎
(2)lie to sb. 向某人撒谎
①Her friend told a lie to her, which made her very angry.
她的朋友向她撒了谎，这令她很生气。
②In order to calm him down, I told a white lie.
为了让他安静下来，我撒了一个善意的谎言。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The survivors lay(lie) on the beach, tired and shocked.
②The boy said that he had laid(lay) the pen on the desk, but I thought he lied(lie) to me.
③As is known to us, China lies(lie) on the coast of the Pacific.
④My mother won’t have me lying(lie) to her no matter what happens.
原形
词义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie
说谎
lied
lied
lying
lie
躺；位于
lay
lain
lying
lay
放下；下蛋；产卵
laid
laid
laying
discount n．[C]折扣
(教材P10)Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
也许打点折、写个新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。
at a discount 打折扣
give a discount (on) 打折扣
①At closing time every day, we have some foods on sale at a discount.
每天打烊的时候，我们都有一些食品打折出售。
②The shop will give a discount of ten percent as long as you pay in cash.
只要你付现金，商店就会给你打九折。
[即学即练]——词汇替换
The shopkeeper wants to sell all the goods in his shop at a discount of 10%.
→The shopkeeper wants to give a discount of 10% to sell all the goods in his shop.
strength n．[U，C]强项；长处 [U]力量
(教材P11)The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energetic food.
王鹏餐馆里的饮食优点是它能提供含有足够能量的食物。
(1)The strength of...is that... ……的优势是……
build up one’s strength/body 增强体力/质
(2)strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
(3)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强；增强
①The strength of his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamins and fibres.
他的饮食的优势是其中含有丰富的维生素和纤维素。
②As a teacher, you should know the strengths and weaknesses of your students.
作为一名老师，你应当了解你的学生的优点和缺点。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The ability to keep calm is one of his strengths(strength).
②Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way but also they can strengthen(strength) their confidence.
③In my view, the strength of riding bikes is that it can build up our body.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)为了强身健体，我们经常在体育场组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球、乒乓球等。
To build up our strength,we often hold all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis.
否定词与比较级better连用，表示最高级的含义
(教材P10)“Nothing could be better，” he thought.
他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”
本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级的含义。表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：
(1)否定词＋比较级，“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
(2)can/could＋never/not...enough/too...意为“再……也不过分”。
①As far as I’m concerned, nothing is more important than studying hard.
就我个人而言，没有什么比努力学习更重要。
②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.
直到那时我才突然意识到，没有人比我更幸福了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I have never read a more interesting(interest) story than this one.
②You can never be too careful while crossing the street.
③As the old saying goes，“It’s never too late to learn(learn)．”
[链接写作]——一句多译
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)就我个人而言，身体健康最重要，因此，我们在新建的体育场经常参加各种各样的课外活动。
④In my view, health is the most important thing in our daily life. As a result, we often take part in varieties of after-school activities in the newly-built stadium.
⑤From my point of view, nothing is more important than health in our daily life. As a consequence, we often take part in varieties of after-school activities in the newly-built stadium.
have sb./sth. doing sth.允许某人/某物一直做某事
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
句中使用了have sb. doing sth.,意为“允许某人做某事”；doing作宾语补足语。
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sth. done 某事被做
have sth. to do 有某事要做(主语自己做)
①I can’t have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.
我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。
②It is not polite to have your guest waiting all the time.
让你的客人一直等下去是不礼貌的。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①There is no need to worry about. I will have Tom to pick(pick) you up at the airport.
②(2017·天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to catch(catch)．
③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) I intended to take up a part-time job, through which I can have my horizons broadened(broad)．
④I won’t have you making(make) the same mistake again and again.
[学生用书P32]
品句填词
1．As far as I am concerned, she doesn’t have a balanced diet(饮食)．
2．Robert lied(撒谎) to his mother, for which he got punished last night.
3．In Japan, we tasted a popular dish made of raw(生的)fish.
4．How would you like your chicken to be cooked? Fried(油炸) or boiled?
5．My favourite teacher is a pretty and slim(苗条的) lady.
6．If you buy more than one hundred computers, we will give you a 10% discount(折扣)．
7．His granny was badly ill and she didn’t even have the strength(力气) to stand up.
8．I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity(好奇心)．
9．Supermarkets use a variety of ways to attract new customers(顾客)．
10．You are working too hard. You’d better keep a balance(平衡) between work and rest.
完成句子
1．苏珊坐在空荡荡的教室里，感到非常孤独。
Susan sat in the empty classroom, feeling very lonely．
2．从你的话判断，她一定把一切都告诉你了。
Judging from what you said, she must have told you all about it.
3．为了减肥而不吃任何东西是错误的。
It is wrong to lose weight without eating anything.
4．你的父母不会允许你一直玩电脑游戏的。你应该努力学习。
Your parents won’t have you playing computer games. You should study hard.
5．尽管张教授看到我们很吃惊，但他还是热情地欢迎了我们。
Although Professor Zhang was surprised to see us, he gave us a warm welcome.
6．这个问题没有简单的解决办法，所以你最好认真考虑。
There is no easy solution to the problem, so you had better consider it carefully.
7．不管谁触犯了法律，他都不能逃脱惩罚。
No matter who breaks the law, he cannot get away with the punishment.
8．没有什么比这更好了。你想再吃一个冰淇淋吗？
Nothing could be better. Would you like to have another ice cream?
课文语法填空
Wang Peng felt very frustrated, because no customer came to his restaurant. Even his friend Li Chang hurried by without 1.coming(come) in. Following Li Chang, Wang Peng 2.saw(see) a new restaurant. Wang Peng went into the restaurant curiously, 3.where a lady named Yong Hui was welcoming her customers. She told Wang Peng that she would help him lose weight and be fit in two weeks if he ate there every day. Wang Peng was amazed 4.at/by her menu, which contained just rice, raw vegetables, fruit and water. What’s more, 5.its(it) price was too high.
On his way home Wang Peng decided to go to the library. After doing some research there, Wang Peng was surprised 6.to find(find) that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little. Even though the customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them healthy. As 7.a result, they would become tired 8.rapidly(rapid). Wang Peng felt more 9.hopeful(hope) that he could win his customers back.
The 10.competition(compete) between the two restaurants was on!
[学生用书P111(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I will go on a diet next week and I hope I can lose five pounds before Christmas.
2．We are amazed at/by the changes in our hometown. I can’t even find where my old house is.
3．To satisfy our own curiosity(curious), we decided to explore the forest together.
4．Lucy will improve her health if she eats less fried(fry) food and snack food.
5．What you must do is consider where your strengths(strength) and weaknesses lie.
6．You look much slimmer(slim) than before. How did you succeed in losing weight?
7．It’s necessary for us to eat a balanced(balance) diet and have plenty of exercise.
8．To attract more customers(customer), the shopping mall offered a 15% discount last month.
9．There’s nothing better than solving a difficult problem after trying many times.
10．I won’t have you telling(tell) a lie to your teacher. Go and make an apology to her.
阅读理解
A
Living a healthy lifestyle lies in forming the right eating habits. Here are some of the good habits you can develop when it comes to healthy eating.
Drink plenty of water. You must drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. A recent study has shown that those who eat breakfast will consume(消耗) an average of 100 calories less during the day than their colleagues who skipped breakfast. They will also be able to concentrate better.
Don’t skip lunch. If you do so, your blood sugar level will drop and your metabolism(新陈代谢) will slow down. When you get home you are starving and eat everything you can find.
We all need to snack from time to time, but please choose your snacks carefully. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks besides your three main meals. Choose healthy snacks like fruit and vegetables, low fat yogurt, cottage cheese with apple sauce, and so on.
Eat your fruit and vegetables. We should eat at least 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day. Take a piece of fruit for a snack, add some bananas and raisins to your favourite breakfast cereal, have a salad for lunch, and eat at least one vegetable at dinner each night.
Do not eat your dinner too late. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8 hours. Plan dinner for the week ahead of time and make sure you have everything you need in the house so other family members can get a head start on dinner if you have a late meeting at the office.
【解题导语】 本文主要就如何养成好的饮食习惯提出了几条具体的建议。
1．How many good eating habits are mentioned in the passage?
A．Five. B．Six.
C．Seven. D．Eight.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章结构，可知第二至第七段说的是具体的有关好的饮食习惯的建议，共计六条。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．You should drink at least 8 glasses of water whatever the environment may be.
B．Breakfast, lunch, snack, dinner, fruit and vegetables are equally important.
C．It is suggested that you eat your dinner at seven if you plan to go to bed at ten.
D．It is good for your health to eat fruit and vegetables at each meal every day.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据常识可以判断出B项说法不正确，其余三项都可以在文中找到依据。
3．The underlined word “raisins” most probably means “________”．
A．dried grapes B．peach leaves
C．pieces of cheese D．peanuts
A 解析：词义猜测题。dried grapes“葡萄干”；peach leaves“桃叶”；pieces of cheese“几块奶酪”；peanuts“花生”。本段主要讲的是吃水果和蔬菜。故选A。
4．Who is this passage intended for?
A．Students. B．Office workers.
C．Housewives. D．Cooks.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“colleagues”及最后一段中的最后一句可知B正确。
B
(2019·济南高一检测)How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.
In fact, this is part of the school’s health class.It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.
Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isn’t there. “The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference，” Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.
They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to Carlson, the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger. But it doesn’t work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips. “I’m trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesn’t need to take hours out of the day，” she said.
The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching what I am eating and paying attention to the food labels，” said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.
【解题导语】 美国一所高中的学生每天都会计算所吃食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。
5．After taking the health class, the students ________．
A．pay more attention to food prices
B．eat more food with labels
C．try to keep a balanced diet
D．stop eating sugary food
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段第一句Students learn how to balance calories in and out.可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。
6．What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?
A．They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.
B．They learn about health and nutrition from a class.
C．They create a popular online calorie counter.
D．They teach people about food nutrition in class.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据前两段，尤其是第二段可知，前两段主要讲学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。
7．Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with?
A．Calories matter more than proteins.
B．Fewer calories mean better health.
C．The calorie counter doesn’t help.
D．Healthy eating habits are important.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Eating with an Online Calorie Counter
B．Counting Calories to Stay Healthy
C．Opinions on How to Balance Your Diet
D．A Health Class at Aitkin Independent Age
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知“计算卡路里以保持健康”作标题最佳。故选B。
完形填空
I used to be a radio broadcaster. Recently I received a __1__ from the activity director at a nursing home. She told me there are a couple of former broadcasters who live in the home and they would __2__ a visit from someone with a __3__ background who can trade stories with them about the good old days. I’m retired(退休), and I have __4__ time so I said sure, I’d come for a __5__ or two. That has developed into a routine(惯例) in which I spend an afternoon each week __6__ the old men and helping them to __7__ memories of happier, busier times.
One of them can only __8__ in a wheelchair and, __9__ still, has dementia(痴呆) and knows he is __10__ losing his memory and ability to think. My other new __11__ in the home is about ten years older than I. He has cerebral palsy(a medical condition affecting someone’s control over their movement and speech), and is also a wheelchair user. Neither man can __12__ independently anymore; they can’t drive a car, can’t prepare their own meals or plant a garden. They’re being well __13__. They have television, people to serve their daily needs and workers at the home who try their best to keep them __14__. They have family members who visit them from time to time and now I __15__ they have me. It makes me __16__ what lies ahead, perhaps not for a number of years, perhaps tomorrow, I don’t __17__．
The thought of being dead doesn’t __18__ me.I’m getting older and I’m still going strong and feeling __19__. I go to visit the men in the nursing home and sometimes I look ahead into the unknown. Life gets __20__ in unexpected ways as one gets older.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾是一名播音员，退休后应邀每周去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。与他们的相处让作者明白自己应该怎么看待人终归要变老这个事实，以及怎么享受晚年生活。
1．A.gift B．call
C．prize D．warning
B 解析：由下文中的She told me可推断，此处表示最近一家养老院活动中心的负责人联系“我”，call符合语境。
2．A.enjoy B．pay
C．allow D．plan
A 解析：由上文中的I used to be a radio broadcaster.和there are a couple of former broadcasters who live in the home以及下文中的who can trade stories with them about the good old days可知，养老院有两位老人曾经是播音员，他们“想(enjoy)”找一个有过“相似(similar)”工作经历的人来跟他们分享以前的经历。
3．A.special B．wide
C．different D．similar
D 解析：参见上题解析。
4．A.little B．perfect
C．free D．quiet
C 解析：由本句中的I’m retired(退休)以及so I said sure可知，“我”已退休，有“闲暇(free)”时间，因此，“我”说“我”可以去“拜访(visit)”一两次。
5．A.visit B．holiday
C．check D．lesson
A 解析：参见上题解析。
6．A.talking with B．working with
C．looking for D．cheering for
A 解析：由上文中的who can trade stories with them about the good old days以及本句中的memories of happier, busier times可知，“我”每周花一下午的时间去和那两位老人“聊天(talking with)”，与他们“重温(bring back)”那些忙碌而美好的时光。
7．A.make B．search
C．bring back D．give away
C 解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.stand up B．show up
C．hold on D．move about
D 解析：由本句中的in a wheelchair以及下文中的My other new...is also a wheelchair user.可推断，此处表示有一位老人“行动(move about)”只能靠轮椅。
9．A.stranger B．worse
C．closer D．luckier
B 解析：和in a wheelchair相比，has dementia(痴呆) and knows he is...losing his memory and ability to think情况更糟，故此处表示：“更糟糕的(worse)”是，那位老人患有痴呆症，并且也知道自己的记忆在“慢慢(slowly)”减退。
10．A.secretly B．directly
C．suddenly D．slowly
D 解析：参见上题解析。
11．A.patient B．friend
C．student D．director
B 解析：由上文可知，作者每周去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。结合下文中的now I．..they have me可推断，作者与那两位老人相处愉快，故此处应表示“朋友(friend)”。
12．A.live B．practice
C．stay D．learn
A 解析：由下文中的they can’t drive a car, can’t prepare their own meals or plant a garden可知，他们“生活(live)”不能自理。
13．A.trained B．educated
C．depended on D．cared for
D 解析：由下文中的They have television, people to serve their daily needs and workers at the home who try their best可推断，他们在养老院得到很好的“照料(cared for)”，工作人员尽量让他们感到“舒适自在(comfortable)”。
14．A.proud B．silent
C．comfortable D．popular
C 解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.suggest B．guess
C．imagine D．forget
B 解析：由上文可知，作者每周会去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。故此处表示“我”“认为(guess)”他们还有“我”的陪伴。
16．A.regret B．believe
C．prevent D．consider
D 解析：由上文可知，两位老人曾经也是播音员，因身体原因只能囿于轮椅之中，但他们在养老院得到很好的照料。与他们的相处让作者开始“想(consider)”自己以后的生活会是什么样的。
17．A.know B．remember
C．understand D．choose
A 解析：由本句中的perhaps not for a number of years, perhaps tomorrow和下文中的the unknown可知，此处表示“我”无法“预知(know)”。
18．A.surprise B．worry
C．help D．excite
B 解析：由下文中的I’m getting older and I’m still going strong可知，想到人终归要离开这个世界，“我”并没有感到“担忧(worry)”。“我”正在一天天变老，但“我”的身体还很强健，也感到很“快乐(great)”。
19．A.nervous B．sorry
C．certain D．great
D 解析：参见上题解析。
20．A.tiresome B．meaningless
C．interesting D．easy
C 解析：由上文可知，那两位老人在养老院得到很好的照料，还有“我”每周会与他们一起分享以前的经历。与他们的相处让作者明白了在迈向未知的终点的过程中，我们的生命依然可以绚丽多彩。事实上，随着年龄的增长，我们的生命也变得更加“精彩(interesting)”。
课件43张PPT。Unit 2 Healthy eatingUnit 1 Friendship按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P32]
品句填词
1．As far as I am concerned, she doesn’t have a balanced diet(饮食)．
2．Robert lied(撒谎) to his mother, for which he got punished last night.
3．In Japan, we tasted a popular dish made of raw(生的)fish.
4．How would you like your chicken to be cooked? Fried(油炸) or boiled?
5．My favourite teacher is a pretty and slim(苗条的) lady.
6．If you buy more than one hundred computers, we will give you a 10% discount(折扣)．
7．His granny was badly ill and she didn’t even have the strength(力气) to stand up.
8．I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity(好奇心)．
9．Supermarkets use a variety of ways to attract new customers(顾客)．
10．You are working too hard. You’d better keep a balance(平衡) between work and rest.
完成句子
1．苏珊坐在空荡荡的教室里，感到非常孤独。
Susan sat in the empty classroom, feeling very lonely．
2．从你的话判断，她一定把一切都告诉你了。
Judging from what you said, she must have told you all about it.
3．为了减肥而不吃任何东西是错误的。
It is wrong to lose weight without eating anything.
4．你的父母不会允许你一直玩电脑游戏的。你应该努力学习。
Your parents won’t have you playing computer games. You should study hard.
5．尽管张教授看到我们很吃惊，但他还是热情地欢迎了我们。
Although Professor Zhang was surprised to see us, he gave us a warm welcome.
6．这个问题没有简单的解决办法，所以你最好认真考虑。
There is no easy solution to the problem, so you had better consider it carefully.
7．不管谁触犯了法律，他都不能逃脱惩罚。
No matter who breaks the law, he cannot get away with the punishment.
8．没有什么比这更好了。你想再吃一个冰淇淋吗？
Nothing could be better. Would you like to have another ice cream?
课文语法填空
Wang Peng felt very frustrated, because no customer came to his restaurant. Even his friend Li Chang hurried by without 1.coming(come) in. Following Li Chang, Wang Peng 2.saw(see) a new restaurant. Wang Peng went into the restaurant curiously, 3.where a lady named Yong Hui was welcoming her customers. She told Wang Peng that she would help him lose weight and be fit in two weeks if he ate there every day. Wang Peng was amazed 4.at/by her menu, which contained just rice, raw vegetables, fruit and water. What’s more, 5.its(it) price was too high.
On his way home Wang Peng decided to go to the library. After doing some research there, Wang Peng was surprised 6.to find(find) that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little. Even though the customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them healthy. As 7.a result, they would become tired 8.rapidly(rapid). Wang Peng felt more 9.hopeful(hope) that he could win his customers back.
The 10.competition(compete) between the two restaurants was on!
[学生用书P111(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I will go on a diet next week and I hope I can lose five pounds before Christmas.
2．We are amazed at/by the changes in our hometown. I can’t even find where my old house is.
3．To satisfy our own curiosity(curious), we decided to explore the forest together.
4．Lucy will improve her health if she eats less fried(fry) food and snack food.
5．What you must do is consider where your strengths(strength) and weaknesses lie.
6．You look much slimmer(slim) than before. How did you succeed in losing weight?
7．It’s necessary for us to eat a balanced(balance) diet and have plenty of exercise.
8．To attract more customers(customer), the shopping mall offered a 15% discount last month.
9．There’s nothing better than solving a difficult problem after trying many times.
10．I won’t have you telling(tell) a lie to your teacher. Go and make an apology to her.
阅读理解
A
Living a healthy lifestyle lies in forming the right eating habits. Here are some of the good habits you can develop when it comes to healthy eating.
Drink plenty of water. You must drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. A recent study has shown that those who eat breakfast will consume(消耗) an average of 100 calories less during the day than their colleagues who skipped breakfast. They will also be able to concentrate better.
Don’t skip lunch. If you do so, your blood sugar level will drop and your metabolism(新陈代谢) will slow down. When you get home you are starving and eat everything you can find.
We all need to snack from time to time, but please choose your snacks carefully. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks besides your three main meals. Choose healthy snacks like fruit and vegetables, low fat yogurt, cottage cheese with apple sauce, and so on.
Eat your fruit and vegetables. We should eat at least 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day. Take a piece of fruit for a snack, add some bananas and raisins to your favourite breakfast cereal, have a salad for lunch, and eat at least one vegetable at dinner each night.
Do not eat your dinner too late. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8 hours. Plan dinner for the week ahead of time and make sure you have everything you need in the house so other family members can get a head start on dinner if you have a late meeting at the office.
【解题导语】 本文主要就如何养成好的饮食习惯提出了几条具体的建议。
1．How many good eating habits are mentioned in the passage?
A．Five. B．Six.
C．Seven. D．Eight.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章结构，可知第二至第七段说的是具体的有关好的饮食习惯的建议，共计六条。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．You should drink at least 8 glasses of water whatever the environment may be.
B．Breakfast, lunch, snack, dinner, fruit and vegetables are equally important.
C．It is suggested that you eat your dinner at seven if you plan to go to bed at ten.
D．It is good for your health to eat fruit and vegetables at each meal every day.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据常识可以判断出B项说法不正确，其余三项都可以在文中找到依据。
3．The underlined word “raisins” most probably means “________”．
A．dried grapes B．peach leaves
C．pieces of cheese D．peanuts
A 解析：词义猜测题。dried grapes“葡萄干”；peach leaves“桃叶”；pieces of cheese“几块奶酪”；peanuts“花生”。本段主要讲的是吃水果和蔬菜。故选A。
4．Who is this passage intended for?
A．Students. B．Office workers.
C．Housewives. D．Cooks.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“colleagues”及最后一段中的最后一句可知B正确。
B
(2019·济南高一检测)How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.
In fact, this is part of the school’s health class.It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.
Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isn’t there. “The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference，” Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.
They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to Carlson, the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger. But it doesn’t work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips. “I’m trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesn’t need to take hours out of the day，” she said.
The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching what I am eating and paying attention to the food labels，” said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.
【解题导语】 美国一所高中的学生每天都会计算所吃食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。
5．After taking the health class, the students ________．
A．pay more attention to food prices
B．eat more food with labels
C．try to keep a balanced diet
D．stop eating sugary food
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段第一句Students learn how to balance calories in and out.可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。
6．What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?
A．They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.
B．They learn about health and nutrition from a class.
C．They create a popular online calorie counter.
D．They teach people about food nutrition in class.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据前两段，尤其是第二段可知，前两段主要讲学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。
7．Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with?
A．Calories matter more than proteins.
B．Fewer calories mean better health.
C．The calorie counter doesn’t help.
D．Healthy eating habits are important.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Eating with an Online Calorie Counter
B．Counting Calories to Stay Healthy
C．Opinions on How to Balance Your Diet
D．A Health Class at Aitkin Independent Age
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知“计算卡路里以保持健康”作标题最佳。故选B。
完形填空
I used to be a radio broadcaster. Recently I received a __1__ from the activity director at a nursing home. She told me there are a couple of former broadcasters who live in the home and they would __2__ a visit from someone with a __3__ background who can trade stories with them about the good old days. I’m retired(退休), and I have __4__ time so I said sure, I’d come for a __5__ or two. That has developed into a routine(惯例) in which I spend an afternoon each week __6__ the old men and helping them to __7__ memories of happier, busier times.
One of them can only __8__ in a wheelchair and, __9__ still, has dementia(痴呆) and knows he is __10__ losing his memory and ability to think. My other new __11__ in the home is about ten years older than I. He has cerebral palsy(a medical condition affecting someone’s control over their movement and speech), and is also a wheelchair user. Neither man can __12__ independently anymore; they can’t drive a car, can’t prepare their own meals or plant a garden. They’re being well __13__. They have television, people to serve their daily needs and workers at the home who try their best to keep them __14__. They have family members who visit them from time to time and now I __15__ they have me. It makes me __16__ what lies ahead, perhaps not for a number of years, perhaps tomorrow, I don’t __17__．
The thought of being dead doesn’t __18__ me.I’m getting older and I’m still going strong and feeling __19__. I go to visit the men in the nursing home and sometimes I look ahead into the unknown. Life gets __20__ in unexpected ways as one gets older.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾是一名播音员，退休后应邀每周去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。与他们的相处让作者明白自己应该怎么看待人终归要变老这个事实，以及怎么享受晚年生活。
1．A.gift B．call
C．prize D．warning
B 解析：由下文中的She told me可推断，此处表示最近一家养老院活动中心的负责人联系“我”，call符合语境。
2．A.enjoy B．pay
C．allow D．plan
A 解析：由上文中的I used to be a radio broadcaster.和there are a couple of former broadcasters who live in the home以及下文中的who can trade stories with them about the good old days可知，养老院有两位老人曾经是播音员，他们“想(enjoy)”找一个有过“相似(similar)”工作经历的人来跟他们分享以前的经历。
3．A.special B．wide
C．different D．similar
D 解析：参见上题解析。
4．A.little B．perfect
C．free D．quiet
C 解析：由本句中的I’m retired(退休)以及so I said sure可知，“我”已退休，有“闲暇(free)”时间，因此，“我”说“我”可以去“拜访(visit)”一两次。
5．A.visit B．holiday
C．check D．lesson
A 解析：参见上题解析。
6．A.talking with B．working with
C．looking for D．cheering for
A 解析：由上文中的who can trade stories with them about the good old days以及本句中的memories of happier, busier times可知，“我”每周花一下午的时间去和那两位老人“聊天(talking with)”，与他们“重温(bring back)”那些忙碌而美好的时光。
7．A.make B．search
C．bring back D．give away
C 解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.stand up B．show up
C．hold on D．move about
D 解析：由本句中的in a wheelchair以及下文中的My other new...is also a wheelchair user.可推断，此处表示有一位老人“行动(move about)”只能靠轮椅。
9．A.stranger B．worse
C．closer D．luckier
B 解析：和in a wheelchair相比，has dementia(痴呆) and knows he is...losing his memory and ability to think情况更糟，故此处表示：“更糟糕的(worse)”是，那位老人患有痴呆症，并且也知道自己的记忆在“慢慢(slowly)”减退。
10．A.secretly B．directly
C．suddenly D．slowly
D 解析：参见上题解析。
11．A.patient B．friend
C．student D．director
B 解析：由上文可知，作者每周去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。结合下文中的now I．..they have me可推断，作者与那两位老人相处愉快，故此处应表示“朋友(friend)”。
12．A.live B．practice
C．stay D．learn
A 解析：由下文中的they can’t drive a car, can’t prepare their own meals or plant a garden可知，他们“生活(live)”不能自理。
13．A.trained B．educated
C．depended on D．cared for
D 解析：由下文中的They have television, people to serve their daily needs and workers at the home who try their best可推断，他们在养老院得到很好的“照料(cared for)”，工作人员尽量让他们感到“舒适自在(comfortable)”。
14．A.proud B．silent
C．comfortable D．popular
C 解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.suggest B．guess
C．imagine D．forget
B 解析：由上文可知，作者每周会去养老院拜访两位有同样做播音员经历的老人，跟他们分享曾经共有的经历。故此处表示“我”“认为(guess)”他们还有“我”的陪伴。
16．A.regret B．believe
C．prevent D．consider
D 解析：由上文可知，两位老人曾经也是播音员，因身体原因只能囿于轮椅之中，但他们在养老院得到很好的照料。与他们的相处让作者开始“想(consider)”自己以后的生活会是什么样的。
17．A.know B．remember
C．understand D．choose
A 解析：由本句中的perhaps not for a number of years, perhaps tomorrow和下文中的the unknown可知，此处表示“我”无法“预知(know)”。
18．A.surprise B．worry
C．help D．excite
B 解析：由下文中的I’m getting older and I’m still going strong可知，想到人终归要离开这个世界，“我”并没有感到“担忧(worry)”。“我”正在一天天变老，但“我”的身体还很强健，也感到很“快乐(great)”。
19．A.nervous B．sorry
C．certain D．great
D 解析：参见上题解析。
20．A.tiresome B．meaningless
C．interesting D．easy
C 解析：由上文可知，那两位老人在养老院得到很好的照料，还有“我”每周会与他们一起分享以前的经历。与他们的相处让作者明白了在迈向未知的终点的过程中，我们的生命依然可以绚丽多彩。事实上，随着年龄的增长，我们的生命也变得更加“精彩(interesting)”。
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1.consult vt. 咨询；请教；商量
2.fibre n. 纤维；纤维制品
3.digest vi.& vt. 消化
n. 摘要；概要
4.debt n． 债；债务
5.spy vi.& vt. 窥探；秘密监视
n. 间谍；侦探
6.sigh vi. 叹息；叹气
n. 叹息；叹息声
拓展词汇
7.poisonous adj.有毒的→poison n．毒药；毒物
8.limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的
9.benefit n．利益；好处 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial adj.有益的；有好处的
10.combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combination n．联合；结合
11.cooperation n．合作；协作→cooperate vi.合作；协作
阅读词汇
12.digest vi.& vt. 消化
n. 摘要；概要
13.protein n. 蛋白质
14.breast n. 胸部；乳房
15.garlic n． 大蒜
16.obesity n. 过度肥胖
17.vitamin n. 维生素
重点短语
1.earn one’s living 谋生
2.in debt 欠债
3.spy on 暗中监视；侦查
4.cut down 削减；删节
5.before long 不久以后
6.put on weight 增加体重
重点句型
1.I thought...我本以为……：I thought you were a new customer(我本以为你是一位新顾客) and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu...
2.so...that...如此……以至于……：I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that(如此有限所以) I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
3.Why don’t you...你为什么不……：Why don’t you(你为什么不) sit down and try a meal？
4.neither...nor...既不……也不……：“According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet(你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食)，” explained Wang Peng.
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What did Wang Peng think of Yong Hui’s menu?
A．It was too limited.
B．It wasn’t delicious.
C．It was good for customers’ health.
D．It was bad for customers’ health.
2．Yong Hui was very angry when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant because ________．
A．she thought he was a new customer
B．she thought he had spied on her and her menu
C．she was told he was a spy
D．he was too fat
3．Wang Peng suggested they provide a combined menu because ________．
A．he liked Yong Hui
B．he didn’t want to lose his customers
C．he thought Yong Hui’s menu was better
D．this would provide a balanced diet
4．What happened at the end of the story?
A．They kept their own menus.
B．They cooperated successfully and got married.
C．They sold their restaurants and bought a new one.
D．They became good friends in business.
答案：1－4.ABDB
①earn one’s living 谋生
②after all 毕竟，终归；到底，别忘了
③look forward to期待；盼望(to为介词)
④in debt欠债
⑤no longer不再
⑥glare[ɡle?]vi.怒目而视；闪耀n.怒视；炫目的光
glare at怒视着……
⑦the other day 意为“那天，几天前”，与一般过去时连用。
⑧spy on 暗中监视；侦查
spy[spaI]vi.& vt.窥探；秘密监视 n．间谍；侦探
⑨upset vt.使生气，使心烦意乱adj.难过的，不高兴的
⑩limited['lImItId]adj.有限的
?benefit['benIfIt]n.利益；好处
vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益
beneficial adj.有益的，有利的
be of benefit to/be beneficial to
对……有益
?breast[brest]n.胸部；乳房
?garlic['ɡɑ?lIk]n.大蒜
?serve sb.sth.给某人提供某物
?a second plate of 又一盘……
a second 不表示顺序，而表示数量、次数，意为“再一，又一”。
?sigh[saI]vi.叹息；叹气
n．叹息；叹息声
形似词：sign v．签署；签(名)
sight n．视力；视觉
?admit v．承认；准许进入
?offer v．提供，供应；主动提出；自愿给予
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.主动提供某物给某人
?combine[k?m'baIn]vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合
combine A with B＝combine A and B 把 A 和 B 结合/联合起来
?rather than 意为“而不是”，在此处连接谓语。
(in this way用这种办法
(cut down削减；删节
(a success 中的success 为可数名词。
(before long 不久以后
常与一般将来时或一般过去时连用。
(put on weight增加体重
(cooperation[k????p?'reI?n]n.合作；协作
cooperate v．合作；协作
(turn into...变成……
(get married结婚
【核心素养链接】
均衡的膳食是指膳食必须符合个体生长发育和生理状况等特点，含有人体所需要的各种营养成分，含量适当，全面满足身体需要，维持正常生理功能，促进生长发育和健康。
如何才能保证均衡的膳食呢？一、保证营养合理，提供符合营养要求的平衡膳食。我们的日常饮食应以谷类为主，每天摄入量应为300克－500克；每日应食用新鲜蔬菜400克－500克，新鲜水果100克－200克，以提供人体需要的矿物质、维生素和膳食纤维；建议畜禽肉类每日摄取量为50克－100克，鱼、虾类每日为50克，蛋类25克－50克；每日最好摄入奶及奶制品100克，豆及豆制品50克，以补充膳食中钙的不足；每日摄取植物油不超过25克，食盐控制在每日6克以下。二、根据营养平衡理论，科学搭配食物，按比例分配到一日三餐中。
COME AND EAT HERE (2)
A week later，Wang Peng’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.Perhaps he would be able to earn his living① after all② and not have to close his restaurant.He did not look forward to③ being in debt④ because his restaurant was no longer⑤ popular.He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not look happy but glared at⑥ him.“May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day⑦？ I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on⑧ me and my menu，”she shouted.“Please excuse me，” he calmly explained, “I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week.I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant.I don’t want to upset⑨ you, but I found your menu so limited⑩ that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits? of my food. Why don’t you sit down and try a meal？”
◆when 引导时间状语从句，其中saw Yong Hui walking in属于“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构，walking in为现在分词短语作宾补，表示主动和动作正在进行。
◆此处为并列句，第一个and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，thought后面的部分为省略了that的宾语从句；第二个分句中，that引导宾语从句，作know的宾语；动词不定式短语to spy on me and my menu作目的状语。
◆此处为并列句，but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句是简单句；第二个分句是复合句，其中so...that...引导结果状语从句。
◆Why don’t you do...？意为“你为什么不做……呢？”，表示建议，相当于“Why not do...？”。
Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying dumplings and breast?of chicken cooked with garlic?.When they were served?the ice cream，Yong Hui began to look ill.“ I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food，” she said，“I miss my vegetables and fruit.”Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of? dumplings so he sighed?.“Yes，” he added，“and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork.Don’t you get tired quickly？”“Well，I do have to rest a lot，”admitted? Yong Hui.“But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? I’m sure you’d feel much healthier.”
◆cooked with garlic为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰breast of chicken。
◆“助动词do/does/did＋谓语动词(原形)”表示强调，意为“确实……，的确……”。
◆it would be better if...意为“如果……会更好一些”，表示委婉地提出建议。此处a bit用来修饰形容词thin的比较级thinner。
They began to talk about menus and balanced diets.“According to my research，neither your restaurant nor mine offers? a balanced diet，”explained Wang Peng.“I don’t offer enough fibre and you don’t offer enough body-building and energy-giving food.Perhaps we ought to combine? our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre．”So that is what they did.They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than? fried them.They served fresh fruit with the ice cream.In this way( they cut down( the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.Their balanced diets became such a success( that before long(Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight(. After some time the two found that their business cooperation( had turned into( a personal one.Finally they got married( and lived happily ever after.
◆neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”。
◆with food full of energy and fibre为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，该结构在此作后置定语，修饰a balanced menu。
◆此处what在句中引导表语从句，且what在从句中作did的宾语。
◆此处是一个复合句，其中含有“such...that...”引导的结果状语从句，而在该结果状语从句中，又含有and连接的并列分句。
到这里来用餐吧(2)
一周后，王鹏的餐馆里几乎坐满了人，他感到高兴些了。也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭他的餐馆。他可不希望由于餐馆不再受欢迎而负债。他微笑着站在餐馆门口热情地迎接他的客人，但他一见到雍慧走进来，脸上的笑容马上就消失了。她瞪着他，看上去不高兴。她大声地问道，“请问你几天前到我餐馆里来干什么？我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的。”王鹏心平气和地解释说：“很对不起，上周我想知道我的顾客上哪儿吃饭去了。我跟着其中一位顾客在你的餐馆里找到了他们。我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？”
雍慧同意留下来，一会儿他们就津津有味地吃起水饺和蒜蓉鸡胸来。当给他们上了冰淇淋时，雍慧开始感到不舒服了。她说：“吃了这么油腻的、难消化的食物，我都觉得恶心了。我想吃我的蔬菜和水果。”王鹏正在吃另一盘水饺，他叹了口气，说道：“同样，(如果在你的餐馆)我还想吃我的水饺和肥肉呢。你不觉得自己很容易疲倦吗？”“是的，我的确不得不需要经常地休息，”雍慧承认了，“不过，难道你不认为你瘦一点儿更好吗？我相信，那样你会觉得健康得多。”
他们开始谈论菜谱和均衡膳食的问题。王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食。我没有提供足够的膳食纤维，而你提供的食物没有足够的营养和能量。也许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，提供一份富含能量和纤维的均衡食谱。”于是，他们就照此做了。他们用生蔬菜配汉堡包，煮土豆而不是油炸土豆，还拿新鲜的水果配上冰淇淋。 这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。他们的均衡膳食非常有效，不久之后王鹏就瘦了，而雍慧也增加了些体重。过了不久，这两个人发现，他们生意上的合作变成了私人的合作了。最后，他们结了婚，从此过上了幸福美满的生活。
consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；参考；查阅
(教材P12)However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice, raw vegetables, bananas and lemons.
然而，因害怕被朋友们嘲笑，她没有向医生咨询，而是以米饭、生蔬菜、香蕉和柠檬为主食。
consult sb.about/on sth. 向某人咨询某事
consult with sb.(about/on sth.) (就某事)与某人商量
consult a dictionary 查阅字典
①About the customs of this country, you can consult the tourist guide.
关于这个国家的风俗，你可以咨询导游。
②He consulted his teacher about the origin of life on the earth.
他就地球上生命的起源问题咨询了老师。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①You shouldn’t have done it without consulting(consult) me.
②I have to consult the manager about/on what to do next.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③The teacher advised us not to consult the dictionary(查字典) every time we meet new words while reading.
earn one’s living 谋生
(教材P14)Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭他的餐馆。
make a living 谋生
earn money 挣钱
earn respect 赢得尊重
①In China, a great many parents leave their children at home in order to earn their living.
在中国，许多父母为了谋生而把孩子留在家中。
②Now he is independent of his parents and can earn his living for himself.
现在他不依赖父母，可以自己谋生了。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①His father sent him to a big city to see if he could earn his living/make a living(他是否能谋生) there.
②Your volunteer work at school has earned respect(已赢得尊重) from many of us.
in debt 欠债，负债
(教材P14)He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他可不希望由于餐馆不再受欢迎而负债。
be in debt to sb.＝be in sb.’s debt
欠某人的钱；欠某人的情
out of debt 不欠债
pay off one’s debts 偿清某人的债务
①She is a person who doesn’t like to be in debt to anyone.
她是这样的一个人，她不喜欢欠任何人的情。
②The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay off all their debts.
为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①她的债务加起来超过200万美元。
Her debts add up to more than 2，000，000 dollars.
②她年轻时负债累累。幸运的是，自从她成功地经营了一家工厂后，她已经还清了债务。
She was in debt when she was young. Luckily, she has been out of debt since she ran a factory successfully.
glare vi.怒目而视；照射，闪耀
n．怒视；炫目的光
(教材P14)She did not look happy but glared at him.
她瞪着他，看上去不高兴。
(1)glare at 怒目而视
stare at 盯着看，凝视
(2)give sb.a glare 瞪某人一眼
with glare 愤怒地
①The teacher glared at the student cheating in the exam.
老师怒视着那个考试作弊的学生。
②The boy once told a lie to the girl, so she gave him a glare.
这个男孩曾向这个女孩撒过谎，所以她瞪了他一眼。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The boy looked at those who laughed at him with glare.
②The two boys didn’t fight, but stood there, glaring(glare) at each other.
limited adj.有限的
(教材P14)I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。
(1)limit...to... 把……限定在……的范围内
be limited to sth. 受限制于某物
(2)within the limits of 在……的范围内
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的
set a limit to... 限制……
①He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood.
他出生在一个贫困家庭，只在童年时接受过有限的教育。
②(全国卷Ⅰ)The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.
文章的长度限制在400字左右。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①There is a limit to one’s life, but no limit to serving(serve) the people.
②I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③他的英语水平非常有限以至于不能理解以英语为母语的人说的话。
His English is so limited that he can’t understand what the native speakers say.
benefit n．利益；好处
vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益
(教材P14)I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。
(1)for the benefit of 为了……；为了……的利益
be of benefit to 对……有益
(2)benefit sb. 对某人有益
benefit from/by... 从……受益，得益于……
(3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的
be beneficial to 对……有益；对……有利
①China has been reforming public hospitals for the benefit of all people.
为了所有人的利益，中国一直在进行公立医院的改革。
②As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.
众所周知，书是知识的源泉，我从书中受益很多。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which has benefited(benefit) all of us.
②It is known to us all that our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.
[链接写作]——一句多译
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。
③Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will benefit you greatly．(benefit vt.)
④Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be of great benefit to you．(benefit n．)
⑤Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be very beneficial to you．(beneficial)
combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合
(教材P15)Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.
也许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，提供一份富含能量和纤维的均衡食谱。
(1)combine with 与……结合
combine...with... 把……与……结合起来
(2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)
You should try to combine exercise with a balanced diet.
你应该尽力将锻炼和平衡的饮食相结合。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice.
②The club is supported by a combination(combine) of people from all social classes.
cut down 削减；删节；把……砍倒
(教材P15)In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.
这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。
cut in 插嘴，打断别人
cut off 切断(气、电、水等的)供应；隔断
cut out 剪去；割掉
cut up 切碎；使悲痛
①You smoke too much—you should try to cut down.
你抽烟太凶了，你应该尝试着少抽点。
②You must cut up the vegetables before you eat it.
吃之前，你必须把蔬菜切碎。
[即学即练]——用cut的相关短语填空
①The water supply has been cut off because of the terrible earthquake.
②I wish Marie would stop cutting in on our conversation.
③Cut down on fatty foods if you want to lose weight.
before long 不久以后
(教材P15)Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.
他们的均衡膳食非常有效，不久之后王鹏就瘦了，而雍慧也增加了些体重。
long before 很久以前
It was/will be long before... 过很久后才……
It was not/will not be long before... 不久就……
①I do hope we’ll meet again before long.
我的确希望不久我们再见面。
②The story had happened long before.
故事发生在很久以前。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①不久她就从疾病中恢复过来，又变得精力充沛了。
Before long she recovered from illness and became energetic again.
②他们不久就会互相了解。
It won’t be long before they understand each other.
so...that...如此……以至于……
(教材P14)I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。
(1)本句中包含so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。该结构主要有以下几种用法：
①so＋adj./adv.＋that从句
②so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句
③so many/much/few/little(少)＋名词＋that从句
(2)such...that...的用法：
①such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that从句
②such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that从句
③such＋adj.＋复数可数名词＋that从句
①This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.
这是一次如此重要的会议，你应该参加。
②There are so many people in the street that the bus is going slowly.
大街上人太多了以至于公交车在缓慢地行驶。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is such difficult a problem that no student in this class can work it out.
②He is so clever a student that he is able to work out all the difficult problems.
[链接写作]——一句多译
她是一位如此好的老师，以至于我们都敬爱她。
③She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.
④She is so good a teacher that all of us love and respect her.
neither... nor..... 既不……也不……
(教材P15)“According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，”explained Wang Peng.
王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食。”
句中neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，连接的是句子的两个主语，句子的谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。这就是主谓一致中的“就近一致原则”。遵循“就近一致原则”的结构有：
(1)not...but... 不是……而是……
(2)not only...but also... 不但……而且……
(3)either...or... 或者……或者……
①Neither he nor his parents are going to have a picnic tomorrow.
明天他和他的父母都不会去野餐。
②Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.
不是我，就是他们要对那件事的结果负责。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Not the students but our maths teacher is(be) looking forward to seeing the film at the moment.
②Neither his parents nor he knows(know) anything about the terrible accident.
③Not only he but also I like(like) playing football in the spare time.
[学生用书P38]
品句填词
1．They have successfully combined(结合) the Chinese style with the Western style in decorating their house.
2．Last year some measures were taken to protect the personal information of the customers(顾客) by WeChat.
3．If you can book a room two months ahead online, you can have a good discount(折扣)．
4．When you are not sure about these problems, you should consult(咨询) a lawyer.
5．Meat is very difficult for a baby to digest(消化), so you shouldn’t give it to your son.
6．Eating fruit and vegetables will give you plenty of fibre(纤维) in your diet.
7．If you really want to help, please bring me these potatoes and carrots(胡萝卜)．
8．The speed limit(限制) is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.
9．One of the many benefits(好处) of foreign travel is learning how to deal with the unexpected.
10．He sighed(叹气) deeply at the thought of all the chances he had missed.
选词填空
before long; cut down; spy on; in debt; glare at; win...back; get away with; earn one’s living
1．Mr.Green had to sell his big house and expensive car, because his company was heavily in debt．
2．Helen stood at the gate of the park, glaring at Tom.
3．The old man felt that he was spied on by someone, but he found no one when he turned around.
4．Unless I cut down on chocolate cakes I eat, I’ll get very fat.
5．The famous actress tried to get away with paying taxes; unfortunately, she was fined about two million yuan in the end.
6．When my uncle was young, he earned his living by selling vegetables in Qingdao.
7．At present, Wang Peng is looking for ways to win his customers’ trust back．
8．He performed very well in that top company and before long he got a pay rise.
完成句子
1．苏珊坐在公园的长凳上，感到非常伤心和孤独。
Susan sat on the bench in the park, feeling very sad and lonely．
2．如果你看不清楚，你最好打开灯。
If you can’t see clearly, you had better turn on the light.
3．我的知识太有限以至于我不知道那首诗是谁写的。
My knowledge was so limited that I didn’t know who wrote the poem.
4．如果你能改变一下你的菜单，那就更好了。
It would be better if you could change your menu.
5．不从错误中吸取教训的话，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。
Without learning a lesson from our mistakes, we would neither improve skills nor realize our goals.
课文语法填空
Thanks to his wonderful idea, Wang Peng’s restaurant was nearly full a week later. Wang Peng felt happier 1.than before. He didn’t look forward to being in debt.
One day, Wang Peng was welcoming some customers 2.warmly(warm) when Yong Hui walked in. Yong Hui asked why Wang Peng went to her restaurant to spy on her and her menu. Wang Peng calmly explained 3.to her what he had done the week before. He said he found her menu so limited that he stopped 4.worrying(worry) and started advertising the benefits of his food. He invited Yong Hui to try a meal.
After enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken, Yong Hui 5.began(begin) to look ill when seeing the ice cream. Yong Hui missed her vegetables and fruit and advised Wang Peng 6.to lose(lose) weight.
Then they began to talk about menus and balanced diets. After they discussed the strengths and 7.weaknesses(weakness) of their own menus, they decided to provide a balanced menu. Their balanced diets became such 8.a success that Wang Peng became 9.slimmer(slim) and Yong Hui put on more weight before long. After some time, they cooperated and got 10.married(marry)．
[学生用书P113(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I believe that we can achieve more with limited(limit) resources.
2．The disease, combined(combine) with hunger, has killed thousands of people in that area.
3．Frankie looked out of the window and sighed(sigh) deeply.
4．One day later, I found the whole thing very boring(bore)．
5．A(n) balanced(balance) diet contains lots of fruit and green vegetables.
6．Children have a natural curiosity(curious) about the world around them.
7．Thinking that crying was a sign of weakness(weak), the little boy stopped crying.
8．At the beginning of a new lesson, it can be beneficial (benefit) to see what students have already known.
9．They expressed their thanks to their hostess(host) for such a wonderful party when saying goodbye to her.
10．Neither he nor his classmates know the answer of that problem.
阅读理解
A
(2019·潍坊高一检测)The number of overweight people around the world is increasing. For example, in China the number rose from 9 percent to 15 percent between 1989 and 1992. The increases in Latin America and Europe were similar. However, the most worrying statistic is the increase in the number of overweight children. In America, almost 33 percent of children under five are overweight. In some parts of Europe, the rate is almost 30 percent. Even developing countries have problems. In Egypt, Chile and Armenia, for example, the rate is over 5 percent.
The problem is the change in our diets combined with the change in our lifestyles. We used to eat whole grains, vegetables, and fruit. Now we eat foods that contain a lot of fat and sugar. Experts(专家) say that it isn’t surprising that people eat too much of the wrong foods. Everywhere we look there are advertisements for high-calorie, high-fat foods. These foods are not only low in nutrition but also low in cost. In other words, they may not be good for us, but they are really cheap. Some experts call this a toxic-food(有毒的食品) environment. Most of us do not realize this unhealthy environment. Therefore, we believe if we are fat, it’s our responsibility. This is not completely true.
Today, many food companies are focusing on developing countries. In 1998, one soft-drink company told its employees that “Africa is a land of chance for us.” The largest American fast-food company opens five new restaurants every day; four of them are located outside the United States.
It is terrible to think that we may soon live in a world where everyone eats fast food and drinks soda. However, it is not unavoidable. Governments should educate their people about the dangers of eating the wrong food. This is particularly important for tomorrow’s adults.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲了各个国家超重的人数都在增长，许多儿童也出现了肥胖问题，作者对这一现象进行了分析。
1．The numbers in Paragraph 1 are used to show ________．
A．the overweight problem
B．the increase in population
C．the effects of being overweight
D．the problems in developing countries
A 解析：细节理解题。由The number of overweight people around the world is increasing.可知，第一段的数据被用来说明超重问题。
2．It can be inferred from the text that food advertisements ________．
A．cause food prices to rise
B．often give people useful information
C．affect the development of the food industry
D．are partly responsible for overweight people
D 解析：推理判断题。由Everywhere we look there are advertisements for high-calorie, high-fat foods. These foods are not only low in nutrition but also low in cost. In other words, they may not be good for us, but they are really cheap. Some experts call this a toxic-food(有毒的食品) environment. Most of us do not realize this unhealthy environment. Therefore, we believe if we are fat, it’s our responsibility. This is not completely true.可推断出，肥胖问题不仅仅是个人的责任，这些廉价且没有营养的劣质食物的广告也负有部分责任，故选D。
3．What is the text mainly about?
A．Advertisements and life.
B．Being overweight and its reasons.
C．Modern lifestyles and their effects.
D．Being overweight and the environment.
B 解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了各个国家超重的人数都在增长，许多儿童也出现了肥胖问题，作者对这一现象进行了分析，故选B。
B
I’d been thinking of taking a course on scuba-diving(水肺潜水) for months, but wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes—sea snakes. Just thinking about it made me sick.
But then, I wanted to know why people loved it so much. They all said that under the sea was like a totally different world, yet a beautiful one. And because of that, I decided to take the risk and try to face my fear.
So, after taking a private course from my diving instructor, Mbak Vita, I went to Sepa Island with her, to take the final exam.
First dive, 12 meters in depth. “What am I doing？” I asked myself. “What if something bad happened？” I tried hard not to panic and told myself to keep a good thought, “It’s gonna be a wonderful experience. Just do it！” Then I went down. My heart beat fast and my ears hurt as I went deeper. I followed Vita’s instructions closely until I felt comfortable to explore the sea.
Suddenly all around me was green. It felt like I was living in a green world! I saw some corals(珊瑚), big ones, and lots of beautiful fish hiding in the sand.
I was enjoying the beauty all around me when my instructor waved at me with her hand holding a pink flipper(橡胶蹼). “That flipper looks familiar，” I thought. Yes! That was my flipper! I didn’t realize that my right flipper had managed to get away from my right foot!
So, that was the first dive. In total, we dove 5 times in 2 days. We managed to dive up to 18 meters in depth. The next dives were smooth and for sure I didn’t lose my flipper! I was so happy to see different types of fish swimming in front of me as if I was invisible(不可见的)．It was indeed so beautiful and peaceful down there. Now I can see why people love diving under the sea.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己第一次下海潜水的经历。
4．How did the author feel about learning scuba-diving at first?
A．Uncertain. B．Excited.
C．Comfortable. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的I’d been thinking...wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes可知，作者怕蛇，因此对是否参加潜水课程犹豫不定。
5．What does the underlined word “panic” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Feel tired and sleepy.
B．Keep cool and relaxed.
C．Keep quiet and patient.
D．Feel nervous and worried.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词前面作者问自己的问题What am I doing？和What if something bad happened？以及下文中的keep a good thought...Just do it可知，作者内心紧张、担忧，但努力克服这种感觉，给自己加油打气。
6．What happened during the author’s first dive?
A．She saw a sea snake.
B．A flipper fell off her foot.
C．The sea water turned green.
D．She lost her instructor in the sea.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的First dive, 12 meters in depth.以及倒数第二段中的my right flipper had managed to get away from my right foot可知，作者第一次在海底潜水时，右脚穿的橡胶蹼脱落了。
7．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Pleasant Trip to the Beach
B．My First Experience with Scuba-diving
C．Why a Person Starts Scuba-diving
D．How Scuba-diving Affects My Life
B 解析：标题归纳题。作者在文章开头两段介绍了学习潜水的原因：想知道为什么许多人喜爱潜水，为海底世界所痴迷。接下来主要讲述了作者参加完潜水课程，进行第一次实地潜水的经历。因此，B项作标题最能概括文章内容。
七选五
Drinking hot water regularly can provide many health benefits, including improved digestive health and weight loss. The taste of hot water may not suit your taste. 1.________ While adding these things doesn’t change all the benefits provided by the hot water, it may cause weight gain, depending on what you add to the hot water.
The biggest benefit from drinking any form of water, hot or cold, is providing water for your body. 2.________ Meanwhile, it provides a medium for all of the biochemical and metabolic(新陈代谢的) processes in your body.
While any type of water can provide your body with enough water, hot water may help you lose weight. Hot water may increase body temperature and therefore increase the metabolic rate slightly. 3.________
4．________ Boiled water decreases the number of bacteria(细菌) found in water, making hot water better than room temperature or cold water by reducing your chance of getting infected(感染的). Hot water increases the circulation and decreases the ability for bad bacteria.
The theory of Chinese Medicine states that you should drink warm water, about the same temperature as the body. 5.________ If you have cold signs such as frequent coldness, thirst, depression, sleepiness, hot water can bring your body back into balance.
A．Try to drink more water in the morning.
B．It helps your body clear waste products.
C．You can add some other things like caffeine or sugar.
D．Drinking water indeed brings lots of benefits to human’s health.
E．Hot water may decrease the number of infections you suffer from.
F．That is because hot water and cold water affect the balance of your body.
G．An increased metabolic rate causes your body to use more calories throughout the day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了饮用热水对身体的好处。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，起到承上启下的作用。根据上文的The taste of hot water...以及下文的While adding these things...可知答案。
2．B 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本空中的It指代上文的providing water for your body，故可知答案。
3．G 解析：根据上文的Hot water may increase body temperature and therefore increase the metabolic rate slightly.可知，热水可能会增加体温，从而略微提高新陈代谢率。新陈代谢率增加会使你的身体全天消耗更多卡路里。
4．E 解析：此空设于段首，是一个主题句。下文内容是围绕着喝热水可以减少感染这一主题展开的。
5．F 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在解释关系。中医理论认为你应该喝与身体温度相同的温水。那是因为热水和冷水会影响身体的平衡。
课件74张PPT。Unit 2 Healthy eating按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P38]
品句填词
1．They have successfully combined(结合) the Chinese style with the Western style in decorating their house.
2．Last year some measures were taken to protect the personal information of the customers(顾客) by WeChat.
3．If you can book a room two months ahead online, you can have a good discount(折扣)．
4．When you are not sure about these problems, you should consult(咨询) a lawyer.
5．Meat is very difficult for a baby to digest(消化), so you shouldn’t give it to your son.
6．Eating fruit and vegetables will give you plenty of fibre(纤维) in your diet.
7．If you really want to help, please bring me these potatoes and carrots(胡萝卜)．
8．The speed limit(限制) is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.
9．One of the many benefits(好处) of foreign travel is learning how to deal with the unexpected.
10．He sighed(叹气) deeply at the thought of all the chances he had missed.
选词填空
before long; cut down; spy on; in debt; glare at; win...back; get away with; earn one’s living
1．Mr.Green had to sell his big house and expensive car, because his company was heavily in debt．
2．Helen stood at the gate of the park, glaring at Tom.
3．The old man felt that he was spied on by someone, but he found no one when he turned around.
4．Unless I cut down on chocolate cakes I eat, I’ll get very fat.
5．The famous actress tried to get away with paying taxes; unfortunately, she was fined about two million yuan in the end.
6．When my uncle was young, he earned his living by selling vegetables in Qingdao.
7．At present, Wang Peng is looking for ways to win his customers’ trust back．
8．He performed very well in that top company and before long he got a pay rise.
完成句子
1．苏珊坐在公园的长凳上，感到非常伤心和孤独。
Susan sat on the bench in the park, feeling very sad and lonely．
2．如果你看不清楚，你最好打开灯。
If you can’t see clearly, you had better turn on the light.
3．我的知识太有限以至于我不知道那首诗是谁写的。
My knowledge was so limited that I didn’t know who wrote the poem.
4．如果你能改变一下你的菜单，那就更好了。
It would be better if you could change your menu.
5．不从错误中吸取教训的话，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。
Without learning a lesson from our mistakes, we would neither improve skills nor realize our goals.
课文语法填空
Thanks to his wonderful idea, Wang Peng’s restaurant was nearly full a week later. Wang Peng felt happier 1.than before. He didn’t look forward to being in debt.
One day, Wang Peng was welcoming some customers 2.warmly(warm) when Yong Hui walked in. Yong Hui asked why Wang Peng went to her restaurant to spy on her and her menu. Wang Peng calmly explained 3.to her what he had done the week before. He said he found her menu so limited that he stopped 4.worrying(worry) and started advertising the benefits of his food. He invited Yong Hui to try a meal.
After enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken, Yong Hui 5.began(begin) to look ill when seeing the ice cream. Yong Hui missed her vegetables and fruit and advised Wang Peng 6.to lose(lose) weight.
Then they began to talk about menus and balanced diets. After they discussed the strengths and 7.weaknesses(weakness) of their own menus, they decided to provide a balanced menu. Their balanced diets became such 8.a success that Wang Peng became 9.slimmer(slim) and Yong Hui put on more weight before long. After some time, they cooperated and got 10.married(marry)．
[学生用书P113(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I believe that we can achieve more with limited(limit) resources.
2．The disease, combined(combine) with hunger, has killed thousands of people in that area.
3．Frankie looked out of the window and sighed(sigh) deeply.
4．One day later, I found the whole thing very boring(bore)．
5．A(n) balanced(balance) diet contains lots of fruit and green vegetables.
6．Children have a natural curiosity(curious) about the world around them.
7．Thinking that crying was a sign of weakness(weak), the little boy stopped crying.
8．At the beginning of a new lesson, it can be beneficial (benefit) to see what students have already known.
9．They expressed their thanks to their hostess(host) for such a wonderful party when saying goodbye to her.
10．Neither he nor his classmates know the answer of that problem.
阅读理解
A
(2019·潍坊高一检测)The number of overweight people around the world is increasing. For example, in China the number rose from 9 percent to 15 percent between 1989 and 1992. The increases in Latin America and Europe were similar. However, the most worrying statistic is the increase in the number of overweight children. In America, almost 33 percent of children under five are overweight. In some parts of Europe, the rate is almost 30 percent. Even developing countries have problems. In Egypt, Chile and Armenia, for example, the rate is over 5 percent.
The problem is the change in our diets combined with the change in our lifestyles. We used to eat whole grains, vegetables, and fruit. Now we eat foods that contain a lot of fat and sugar. Experts(专家) say that it isn’t surprising that people eat too much of the wrong foods. Everywhere we look there are advertisements for high-calorie, high-fat foods. These foods are not only low in nutrition but also low in cost. In other words, they may not be good for us, but they are really cheap. Some experts call this a toxic-food(有毒的食品) environment. Most of us do not realize this unhealthy environment. Therefore, we believe if we are fat, it’s our responsibility. This is not completely true.
Today, many food companies are focusing on developing countries. In 1998, one soft-drink company told its employees that “Africa is a land of chance for us.” The largest American fast-food company opens five new restaurants every day; four of them are located outside the United States.
It is terrible to think that we may soon live in a world where everyone eats fast food and drinks soda. However, it is not unavoidable. Governments should educate their people about the dangers of eating the wrong food. This is particularly important for tomorrow’s adults.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲了各个国家超重的人数都在增长，许多儿童也出现了肥胖问题，作者对这一现象进行了分析。
1．The numbers in Paragraph 1 are used to show ________．
A．the overweight problem
B．the increase in population
C．the effects of being overweight
D．the problems in developing countries
A 解析：细节理解题。由The number of overweight people around the world is increasing.可知，第一段的数据被用来说明超重问题。
2．It can be inferred from the text that food advertisements ________．
A．cause food prices to rise
B．often give people useful information
C．affect the development of the food industry
D．are partly responsible for overweight people
D 解析：推理判断题。由Everywhere we look there are advertisements for high-calorie, high-fat foods. These foods are not only low in nutrition but also low in cost. In other words, they may not be good for us, but they are really cheap. Some experts call this a toxic-food(有毒的食品) environment. Most of us do not realize this unhealthy environment. Therefore, we believe if we are fat, it’s our responsibility. This is not completely true.可推断出，肥胖问题不仅仅是个人的责任，这些廉价且没有营养的劣质食物的广告也负有部分责任，故选D。
3．What is the text mainly about?
A．Advertisements and life.
B．Being overweight and its reasons.
C．Modern lifestyles and their effects.
D．Being overweight and the environment.
B 解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了各个国家超重的人数都在增长，许多儿童也出现了肥胖问题，作者对这一现象进行了分析，故选B。
B
I’d been thinking of taking a course on scuba-diving(水肺潜水) for months, but wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes—sea snakes. Just thinking about it made me sick.
But then, I wanted to know why people loved it so much. They all said that under the sea was like a totally different world, yet a beautiful one. And because of that, I decided to take the risk and try to face my fear.
So, after taking a private course from my diving instructor, Mbak Vita, I went to Sepa Island with her, to take the final exam.
First dive, 12 meters in depth. “What am I doing？” I asked myself. “What if something bad happened？” I tried hard not to panic and told myself to keep a good thought, “It’s gonna be a wonderful experience. Just do it！” Then I went down. My heart beat fast and my ears hurt as I went deeper. I followed Vita’s instructions closely until I felt comfortable to explore the sea.
Suddenly all around me was green. It felt like I was living in a green world! I saw some corals(珊瑚), big ones, and lots of beautiful fish hiding in the sand.
I was enjoying the beauty all around me when my instructor waved at me with her hand holding a pink flipper(橡胶蹼). “That flipper looks familiar，” I thought. Yes! That was my flipper! I didn’t realize that my right flipper had managed to get away from my right foot!
So, that was the first dive. In total, we dove 5 times in 2 days. We managed to dive up to 18 meters in depth. The next dives were smooth and for sure I didn’t lose my flipper! I was so happy to see different types of fish swimming in front of me as if I was invisible(不可见的)．It was indeed so beautiful and peaceful down there. Now I can see why people love diving under the sea.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己第一次下海潜水的经历。
4．How did the author feel about learning scuba-diving at first?
A．Uncertain. B．Excited.
C．Comfortable. D．Disappointed.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的I’d been thinking...wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes可知，作者怕蛇，因此对是否参加潜水课程犹豫不定。
5．What does the underlined word “panic” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Feel tired and sleepy.
B．Keep cool and relaxed.
C．Keep quiet and patient.
D．Feel nervous and worried.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词前面作者问自己的问题What am I doing？和What if something bad happened？以及下文中的keep a good thought...Just do it可知，作者内心紧张、担忧，但努力克服这种感觉，给自己加油打气。
6．What happened during the author’s first dive?
A．She saw a sea snake.
B．A flipper fell off her foot.
C．The sea water turned green.
D．She lost her instructor in the sea.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的First dive, 12 meters in depth.以及倒数第二段中的my right flipper had managed to get away from my right foot可知，作者第一次在海底潜水时，右脚穿的橡胶蹼脱落了。
7．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Pleasant Trip to the Beach
B．My First Experience with Scuba-diving
C．Why a Person Starts Scuba-diving
D．How Scuba-diving Affects My Life
B 解析：标题归纳题。作者在文章开头两段介绍了学习潜水的原因：想知道为什么许多人喜爱潜水，为海底世界所痴迷。接下来主要讲述了作者参加完潜水课程，进行第一次实地潜水的经历。因此，B项作标题最能概括文章内容。
七选五
Drinking hot water regularly can provide many health benefits, including improved digestive health and weight loss. The taste of hot water may not suit your taste. 1.________ While adding these things doesn’t change all the benefits provided by the hot water, it may cause weight gain, depending on what you add to the hot water.
The biggest benefit from drinking any form of water, hot or cold, is providing water for your body. 2.________ Meanwhile, it provides a medium for all of the biochemical and metabolic(新陈代谢的) processes in your body.
While any type of water can provide your body with enough water, hot water may help you lose weight. Hot water may increase body temperature and therefore increase the metabolic rate slightly. 3.________
4．________ Boiled water decreases the number of bacteria(细菌) found in water, making hot water better than room temperature or cold water by reducing your chance of getting infected(感染的). Hot water increases the circulation and decreases the ability for bad bacteria.
The theory of Chinese Medicine states that you should drink warm water, about the same temperature as the body. 5.________ If you have cold signs such as frequent coldness, thirst, depression, sleepiness, hot water can bring your body back into balance.
A．Try to drink more water in the morning.
B．It helps your body clear waste products.
C．You can add some other things like caffeine or sugar.
D．Drinking water indeed brings lots of benefits to human’s health.
E．Hot water may decrease the number of infections you suffer from.
F．That is because hot water and cold water affect the balance of your body.
G．An increased metabolic rate causes your body to use more calories throughout the day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了饮用热水对身体的好处。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，起到承上启下的作用。根据上文的The taste of hot water...以及下文的While adding these things...可知答案。
2．B 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本空中的It指代上文的providing water for your body，故可知答案。
3．G 解析：根据上文的Hot water may increase body temperature and therefore increase the metabolic rate slightly.可知，热水可能会增加体温，从而略微提高新陈代谢率。新陈代谢率增加会使你的身体全天消耗更多卡路里。
4．E 解析：此空设于段首，是一个主题句。下文内容是围绕着喝热水可以减少感染这一主题展开的。
5．F 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在解释关系。中医理论认为你应该喝与身体温度相同的温水。那是因为热水和冷水会影响身体的平衡。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
情态动词(Ⅱ)
1．(教材P10)By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. But not today!
2．(教材P10)Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
3．(教材P14)May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day?
4．(教材P15)Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.
ought to的用法
1．表示出于义务、责任、道义等方面的要求而该做某事。
◆To hand in the paper in time, we ought to have a busy schedule. 为了及时交上论文，我们的日程应该紧一点。
◆To build up our body, we ought to do enough exercise, such as running, swimming and hiking.
为了增强体质，我们应该做足够的运动，比如跑步、游泳和远足。
2．表示说话人的猜测。
◆She ought to succeed, because she tries hard enough.
她应该能成功，因为她确实够努力。
◆The two teams are equal in ability, so the game between them ought to be a close one. 这两队能力相当，因此他们之间的比赛应该是一场势均力敌的比赛。
3．ought to的否定式是在ought后加not，疑问式是将ought提前。
◆If you make a promise, you should keep it and you ought not to break a promise.
如果你做出了承诺，你就应该遵守诺言，不应该食言。
◆—Ought I to write to say thank you?
——我应该写封感谢信吗？
—Yes, I think you ought (to)．
——对，我认为你应该写。
【即时演练1】——句型转换
You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.
①→Ought you to put your watch forward by ten minutes？(变为疑问句)
②→You ought not to put your watch forward by ten minutes.(变为否定句)
need的用法
need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
◆(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports. 如果你时间不充裕，你只需要跑一半的时间就可以获得和其他运动同样的效果。
◆Need I send both Chinese and English CV(Curriculum Vitae) when applying?
在申请的时候，我是不是需要发送中英文履历？
◆Whoever may say so, you need not believe it.
即使有人这么说，你也没必要去相信它。
由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用needn’t。
【即时演练2】——完成句子
①(2017·天津卷)我的房间很乱，但今晚出去之前我不需要打扫，我会早晨打扫的。
My room is a mess, but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
②——我需要与王医生提前预约吗？
—Need I make an appointment with Doctor Wang ahead of time?
——是的，你需要。/——不，没必要。
—Yes, you must．/—No, you needn’t．
have to的用法
have to强调客观需要，意为“不得不，必须”，后跟动词原形。口语中也常说have got to。它的特点是have有人称、时态的变化。
◆I have to change the time for the lesson from morning to afternoon for some reasons.(肯定句)
由于某些原因我不得不把上课时间由早晨改到下午。
◆(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long to see the benefit.(否定句)
你没必要为看到效果而跑太快或时间太长。
◆Where have you to go next？(疑问句)
下一步你必须去哪里？
must和have to的区别
(1)二者都是“必须”的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观的必要。
(2)在否定结构中：don’t have to表示“不必”；mustn’t表示“禁止”。
【即时演练3】——句型转换/完成句子
We have to consider the question of where to sleep.
①→Do we have to consider the question of where to sleep？(疑问句)
②→We don’t have to consider the question of where to sleep.(否定句)
③(2018·天津卷)我们必须勇于攀登人生的巅峰并憧憬美好未来。
Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain.
dare的用法
dare表示“敢”，作情态动词时主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。
◆The little girl dare not speak in public.
小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。
◆She dare not go out alone at night.
她晚上不敢独自出门。
【即时演练4】——完成句子
①我们不敢开他玩笑以免他生气。
We dare not play jokes on him lest he should become angry.
②你竟敢认为我抄了你的笔记！
How dare you think that I copied your notes!
情态动词＋have done
1．must have done表示对过去发生的动作或状态进行推测，语气比较肯定，通常只用于肯定句中。
◆I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep.
我没听到电话，我肯定是睡着了。
2．may (might) have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测； might的语气比may弱。主要用于肯定句或否定句中。
◆The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure.
那个男孩(当时)也许知道了真相，但我不是很确定。
3．can (could) have done表示对过去的某种情况的怀疑或不确定，一般用于否定句和疑问句中；could的语气较can弱。could have done还可表示过去本来能做的事情却没做。
◆He cannot have left. His bag is still in the room.
他绝不可能走了，他的包还在房间里呢。
◆In my view, this accident could have been avoided.
依我看，这次事故本来是可以避免的。
4．ought to (should) have done表示过去本应该做某事但实际上没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了。
◆You ought not to have made fun of him, and you should have learned from him.
你本不应该取笑他的，你本应该向他学习。
5．needn’t have done表示过去做了不必做的事情。
◆We need not have worried about the maths exam. It was a piece of cake.
我们本不必担心数学考试，实际上它很容易。
6．would like/love to have done sth.表示“本打算/本想做某事”。
◆I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.
我本打算读这篇文章的，但是当时我太忙了。
【即时演练5】——用适当的情态动词填空
①She might/may have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
②I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came.
③Mr. Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
④Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.
选词填空
1．He might(must/might) get here in time, but I can’t be sure.
2．“All passengers must(can/must) wear seat belts，” an air hostess said.
3．You mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) tell anybody else about this—it’s a secret.
4．By the time she was eight, she could(could/can) read Greek and Latin.
5．As middle school students, we ought to(have to/ought to) learn from the real heroes.
6．They had to(have to/must) stay in the office last night because of the snowstorm.
7．He can’t(can’t/mustn’t) have missed the train; he arrived at the train station two hours early.
8．They should(should/must) have arrived at lunch time but their flight was delayed.
9．We need(need/dare) learn from others in an open-minded way.
10．I couldn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.
11．You needn’t(needn’t/mustn’t) have told him the news; he knew it already.
12．Children shouldn’t(shouldn’t/don’t have to) be allowed to play in the street. It’s too dangerous.
13．I have a habit. When I get on a bus and see an advertisement, I will(ought to/will) read it.
14．If you’re not careful, you may(need/may) get into even worse trouble. I’m sure about that.
15．If he had started at nine o’clock, he ought to(ought to/need) be in London now. It’s eleven o’clock.
语法与写作
1．他很强壮，我不敢和他打。
He is so strong that I dare not fight against him.
2．有时他的工作可能很无趣，并且他每天不得不工作很长时间。
Sometimes his job can be boring, and he has to work for a long time every day.
3．你本没必要花掉所有的钱。
You needn’t have spent all that money.
4．汤姆一定是错拿了你的词典。
Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.
5．红灯亮时不许过马路。
You mustn’t go across the road when the traffic lights are red.
6．当你培养对足球的兴趣时，你也应该重视你的学习。
While developing your interest in football, you ought to pay attention to your study too.
7．你了解这个情况，因此我不必进一步解释了。
You understand the situation, so I needn’t explain it any further.
8．据说那个小镇里有很多旅馆。找到地方住应该不会有困难。
It is said that there are many hotels in that town. There shouldn’t be any difficulty in finding somewhere to stay.
[学生用书P115(单独成册)]
选词填空
1．My mother suggested that we should(should/will) go to the nature park this weekend.
2．If you earn more than 5，000 yuan, you have to(have to/can) pay tax(税)．
3．You can’t(can’t/needn’t) go to the wedding in that old shirt. It is out of fashion.
4．You ought to(ought to/will) give up smoking. It does no good to your health.
5．If you can lend me the money, I needn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) go to the bank.
6．You oughtn’t to(oughtn’t to/won’t) go on working because you look so tired now.
7．You shouldn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) laugh at her just because her English isn’t very good.
8．The students mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) make a noise in the reading room.
9．You’re John’s good friend, so you must(must/have to) know what he likes to do at the weekend.
10．You needn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
阅读理解
Certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. However, people across the world still do not take it seriously. Around the world, about 10 million cigarettes are bought in a minute, 15 billion are sold each day, and over 5，000 billion are produced and used per year.
If people out on the streets or in front of supermarkets smoke openly, others passing by these smokers will breathe the smoke unwillingly, which can increase their risks of getting health problems unfortunately. In fact, one little cigarette contains about 7，000 chemicals, 69 of which have been proven to cause cancers. Cigarette smoke without doubt does no good to humans. Worldwide tobacco(烟草) causes 6 million deaths per year, and that means there is one death every 5 seconds.
Cigarettes are made from tobacco leaves. They originally take in all the carbon from the air as they grow. When you smoke them, you’re just returning the carbon to the air. Thus, cigarettes increase the detrimental chemicals in the air that finally damage the quality of the air. To tell the truth, the air pollution caused by cigarettes is 10 times greater than that by cars.
I have already made sure that smoking pollutes the air, but unfortunately, the damage to the environment does not stop there. It’s estimated that 1.69 billion pounds of cigarette butts(烟头) become rubbish each year. The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes. About 2 million of these cigarette butts are found in water, which results in the death of some animals. The cigarette butts that are thrown away carelessly can be dangerous to animals both on land and in the water.
The only measure that we can take to improve this situation is to stop smoking and more importantly, to stop littering(乱扔) cigarette butts. Take care of yourself and take care of the environment by putting a stop to smoking.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者主要论述了吸烟对身体及环境的危害并呼吁人们戒烟。
1．What does the author want to show by mentioning the numbers in the first paragraph?
A．Smoking is not easy to ban.
B．Cigarettes are sold well worldwide.
C．People spend too much on smoking each year.
D．Many people haven’t realized the necessity of stopping smoking.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. However, people across the world still do not take it seriously.可知，作者在此段用数字论述主要是为了表明：很多人还没有意识到戒烟的必要性。
2．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The chemicals included in cigarettes.
B．The health problems caused by smoking.
C．The importance of avoiding smoking passively.
D．The negative effects of smoking on human health.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是无论是被动吸烟还是主动吸烟，都会对人的身体造成不利影响。
3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Rare. B．Harmful.
C．Major. D．Different.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的that finally damage the quality of the air可知，香烟会使空气中“有害的”化学物质增加，这些化学物质最终会破坏空气质量。
4．The most unnoticed problem about cigarettes is that cigarette butts ________．
A．pollute the water
B．cause too much rubbish
C．are dropped everywhere
D．lead to many animals’ death
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes.可知，每年的烟头垃圾很多，而这些垃圾被乱扔是香烟问题中最容易被忽视的。
完形填空
Nick Prosser, a 28-year-old man from Rotorua, New Zealand, has been stuttering(口吃) for as long as he could remember. But he found a simple way to __1__ his stutter completely by accident, while trying __2__ accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent, both he and his friend were __3__ because they found that Nick’s stutter __4__. He was able to talk for a long time __5__ stutters at all, which had __6__ happened before. He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with such a __7__ that had greatly affected his __8__ ever since he was a child.
Stuttering may not seem like the most __9__ shortcoming a person could have, but the 28-year-old claims that it had always held him back during ordinary __10__ and even at his jobs. He doesn’t consider himself a(n) __11__ boy. However, he was always __12__ that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldn’t __13__. However, now that he has __14__ this treatment, he is much more confident.
Interestingly, Nick has never been to Ireland, but he believes that speaking in an Irish accent comes __15__ to him because of his mother, who __16__ an Irish family. He __17__ people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱) and speaking in an accent related to it. However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this __18__， and that she would be surprised if it still __19__ in six months. “We know that singing certainly helps with people that have a stutter __20__ you can’t just go around singing in your everyday life，” Stock said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个饱受口吃困扰多年的新西兰小伙意外地发现尝试爱尔兰口音竟然治好了自己的毛病，他建议口吃的人尝试和自己宗谱有关的语言来治疗口吃。
1．A.treat B．develop
C．study D．hide
A 解析：根据下文中的He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with可知，Nick意外地发现了一个治疗(treat)口吃的简单疗法。
2．A.different B．local
C．familiar D．traditional
A 解析：根据本空后的accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent可知，为了好玩，Nick和朋友尝试不同(different)的口音。
3．A.amazed B．confused
C．moved D．concerned
A 解析：根据下文的He was able to talk for a long time可推测，他们惊讶地(amazed)发现Nick的口吃消失了。
4．A.worsened B．changed
C．occurred D．disappeared
D 解析：根据本空后的He was able to talk for a long time可知，Nick的口吃消失了(disappeared)。
5．A.despite B．without
C．like D．beyond
B 解析：他能在没有(without)口吃的情况下长时间交谈。
6．A.ever B．seldom
C．never D．merely
C 解析：Nick饱受口吃困扰多年，他以前从未(never)说话这么流利过。
7．A.problem B．relationship
C．question D．subject
A 解析：口吃是影响Nick很多年的一种毛病(problem)。
8．A.confidence B．appearance
C．decisions D．grades
A 解析：根据下文中的he is much more confident可知，口吃严重打击他的自信心(confidence)。
9．A.obvious B．serious
C．common D．unavoidable
B 解析：根据本空后的shortcoming a person could have, but the 28-year-old claims that it had always held him back可知，口吃似乎不是一个人可能遇到的最严重的(serious)问题。
10．A.exercises B．improvements
C．conversations D．tasks
C 解析：口吃影响最大的当然是会话(conversations)。
11．A.impatient B．unfriendly
C．shy D．proud
C 解析：一般来说，口吃是因为害羞，但Nick并不认为自己是个害羞的(shy)人。
12．A.excited B．tired
C．frightened D．upset
D 解析：根据本空后的that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldn’t...可知，话到嘴边却说不出来让Nick感到很沮丧(upset)。
13．A.make sense B．come out
C．matter D．spread
B 解析：口吃的症状就是话到嘴边却说不出来(come out)。
14．A.invented B．suffered
C．discovered D．abandoned
C 解析：根据上文中的But he found a simple way可知，Nick发现(discovered)了一个治疗口吃的方法。
15．A.unlikely B．unluckily
C．suddenly D．naturally
D 解析：根据本空后的to him because of his mother可知，Nick认为自己天生(naturally)就会说爱尔兰口音是因为他的妈妈。
16．A.comes from B．deals with
C．brings up D．makes up
A 解析：他的妈妈来自(comes from)一个爱尔兰家庭。
17．A.warns B．forbids
C．teaches D．advises
D 解析：根据本空后的people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱)可知，Nick建议(advises)有口吃的人去查一查家谱。
18．A.research B．method
C．explanation D．example
B 解析：Nick认为说和自己家谱有关的语言是治疗口吃的方法(method)。
19．A.existed B．stopped
C．passed D．worked
D 解析：根据本空前的However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this...and that she would be surprised if it still...可知，语言学家Annette Stock认为如果Nick的方法在六个月后依然奏效(worked)的话她会感到很惊讶。
20．A.as B．since
C．but D．for
C 解析：根据句意可知，我们知道唱歌肯定有助于那些口吃的人，但你不能在日常生活中天天唱歌，此处是转折关系，故用but连接。
语法填空
Eating dinner at least two hours before bedtime could lower the risk of 1.____________(develop) breast and prostate cancer, new research suggests.
People who ate 2.____________(they) evening meals before 9 pm or 3.____________(wait) two hours after eating before going to sleep were found to have a 20 per-cent decreased risk of cancer 4.____________(compare) to those who ate after 10 pm or close to bedtime.
Researchers from the Barcelona Institute for Global Health found the reason 5.____________ this is that before you go to sleep, your metabolism(新陈代谢) will begin to slow down but eating will make it speed up again. This will influence the hormones(激素) that influence the body’s internal clock, 6.____________ will raise the risk of breast and prostate cancer.
The research is the first to look at the connection between cancer risk 7.____________ the timing of meals, and researchers said it showed the 8.____________(important) of looking at timing in 9.____________(study) on diet and cancer.
While more researches are needed, preparing your meal beforehand is a great way 10.____________(make) sure you’re eating as soon as you’re home and not pushing your bedtime back any further.
1．developing 解析：考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语，故填developing。
2．their 解析：考查代词。设空处作定语修饰限定evening meals，表示“他们的”，故填形容词性物主代词their。
3．waited 解析：考查一般过去时。设空处与ate并列作谓语，表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填waited。
4．compared 解析：考查过去分词作状语的用法。设空处所在句意为“与十点之后或临睡前吃晚饭的人相比，那些九点之前吃晚饭或吃饭后两小时再睡觉的人得癌症的风险会降低百分之二十”，compare与people之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填compared。
5．for/behind 解析：考查介词。reason后跟介词for/behind，表示“……的原因”。
6．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
7．and 解析：考查连词。设空处所在部分意为“吃饭时间与患癌症的风险之间的联系”，between...and...意为“……和……之间”。故填and。
8．importance 解析：考查名词。设空处作宾语，表示“重要性”，故填importance。 importance是不可数名词，无复数形式。
9．studies 解析：考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，表示“研究”，由其后的介词on可知，此处应填名词。study作“研究”讲时，是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故填studies。
10．to make 解析：考查不定式作定语的用法。way后常跟不定式作定语，表示“……的方法”。
课件32张PPT。Unit 2 Healthy eating按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P115(单独成册)]
选词填空
1．My mother suggested that we should(should/will) go to the nature park this weekend.
2．If you earn more than 5，000 yuan, you have to(have to/can) pay tax(税)．
3．You can’t(can’t/needn’t) go to the wedding in that old shirt. It is out of fashion.
4．You ought to(ought to/will) give up smoking. It does no good to your health.
5．If you can lend me the money, I needn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) go to the bank.
6．You oughtn’t to(oughtn’t to/won’t) go on working because you look so tired now.
7．You shouldn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) laugh at her just because her English isn’t very good.
8．The students mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) make a noise in the reading room.
9．You’re John’s good friend, so you must(must/have to) know what he likes to do at the weekend.
10．You needn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
阅读理解
Certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. However, people across the world still do not take it seriously. Around the world, about 10 million cigarettes are bought in a minute, 15 billion are sold each day, and over 5，000 billion are produced and used per year.
If people out on the streets or in front of supermarkets smoke openly, others passing by these smokers will breathe the smoke unwillingly, which can increase their risks of getting health problems unfortunately. In fact, one little cigarette contains about 7，000 chemicals, 69 of which have been proven to cause cancers. Cigarette smoke without doubt does no good to humans. Worldwide tobacco(烟草) causes 6 million deaths per year, and that means there is one death every 5 seconds.
Cigarettes are made from tobacco leaves. They originally take in all the carbon from the air as they grow. When you smoke them, you’re just returning the carbon to the air. Thus, cigarettes increase the detrimental chemicals in the air that finally damage the quality of the air. To tell the truth, the air pollution caused by cigarettes is 10 times greater than that by cars.
I have already made sure that smoking pollutes the air, but unfortunately, the damage to the environment does not stop there. It’s estimated that 1.69 billion pounds of cigarette butts(烟头) become rubbish each year. The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes. About 2 million of these cigarette butts are found in water, which results in the death of some animals. The cigarette butts that are thrown away carelessly can be dangerous to animals both on land and in the water.
The only measure that we can take to improve this situation is to stop smoking and more importantly, to stop littering(乱扔) cigarette butts. Take care of yourself and take care of the environment by putting a stop to smoking.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者主要论述了吸烟对身体及环境的危害并呼吁人们戒烟。
1．What does the author want to show by mentioning the numbers in the first paragraph?
A．Smoking is not easy to ban.
B．Cigarettes are sold well worldwide.
C．People spend too much on smoking each year.
D．Many people haven’t realized the necessity of stopping smoking.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. However, people across the world still do not take it seriously.可知，作者在此段用数字论述主要是为了表明：很多人还没有意识到戒烟的必要性。
2．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The chemicals included in cigarettes.
B．The health problems caused by smoking.
C．The importance of avoiding smoking passively.
D．The negative effects of smoking on human health.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是无论是被动吸烟还是主动吸烟，都会对人的身体造成不利影响。
3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Rare. B．Harmful.
C．Major. D．Different.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的that finally damage the quality of the air可知，香烟会使空气中“有害的”化学物质增加，这些化学物质最终会破坏空气质量。
4．The most unnoticed problem about cigarettes is that cigarette butts ________．
A．pollute the water
B．cause too much rubbish
C．are dropped everywhere
D．lead to many animals’ death
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes.可知，每年的烟头垃圾很多，而这些垃圾被乱扔是香烟问题中最容易被忽视的。
完形填空
Nick Prosser, a 28-year-old man from Rotorua, New Zealand, has been stuttering(口吃) for as long as he could remember. But he found a simple way to __1__ his stutter completely by accident, while trying __2__ accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent, both he and his friend were __3__ because they found that Nick’s stutter __4__. He was able to talk for a long time __5__ stutters at all, which had __6__ happened before. He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with such a __7__ that had greatly affected his __8__ ever since he was a child.
Stuttering may not seem like the most __9__ shortcoming a person could have, but the 28-year-old claims that it had always held him back during ordinary __10__ and even at his jobs. He doesn’t consider himself a(n) __11__ boy. However, he was always __12__ that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldn’t __13__. However, now that he has __14__ this treatment, he is much more confident.
Interestingly, Nick has never been to Ireland, but he believes that speaking in an Irish accent comes __15__ to him because of his mother, who __16__ an Irish family. He __17__ people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱) and speaking in an accent related to it. However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this __18__， and that she would be surprised if it still __19__ in six months. “We know that singing certainly helps with people that have a stutter __20__ you can’t just go around singing in your everyday life，” Stock said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个饱受口吃困扰多年的新西兰小伙意外地发现尝试爱尔兰口音竟然治好了自己的毛病，他建议口吃的人尝试和自己宗谱有关的语言来治疗口吃。
1．A.treat B．develop
C．study D．hide
A 解析：根据下文中的He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with可知，Nick意外地发现了一个治疗(treat)口吃的简单疗法。
2．A.different B．local
C．familiar D．traditional
A 解析：根据本空后的accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent可知，为了好玩，Nick和朋友尝试不同(different)的口音。
3．A.amazed B．confused
C．moved D．concerned
A 解析：根据下文的He was able to talk for a long time可推测，他们惊讶地(amazed)发现Nick的口吃消失了。
4．A.worsened B．changed
C．occurred D．disappeared
D 解析：根据本空后的He was able to talk for a long time可知，Nick的口吃消失了(disappeared)。
5．A.despite B．without
C．like D．beyond
B 解析：他能在没有(without)口吃的情况下长时间交谈。
6．A.ever B．seldom
C．never D．merely
C 解析：Nick饱受口吃困扰多年，他以前从未(never)说话这么流利过。
7．A.problem B．relationship
C．question D．subject
A 解析：口吃是影响Nick很多年的一种毛病(problem)。
8．A.confidence B．appearance
C．decisions D．grades
A 解析：根据下文中的he is much more confident可知，口吃严重打击他的自信心(confidence)。
9．A.obvious B．serious
C．common D．unavoidable
B 解析：根据本空后的shortcoming a person could have, but the 28-year-old claims that it had always held him back可知，口吃似乎不是一个人可能遇到的最严重的(serious)问题。
10．A.exercises B．improvements
C．conversations D．tasks
C 解析：口吃影响最大的当然是会话(conversations)。
11．A.impatient B．unfriendly
C．shy D．proud
C 解析：一般来说，口吃是因为害羞，但Nick并不认为自己是个害羞的(shy)人。
12．A.excited B．tired
C．frightened D．upset
D 解析：根据本空后的that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldn’t...可知，话到嘴边却说不出来让Nick感到很沮丧(upset)。
13．A.make sense B．come out
C．matter D．spread
B 解析：口吃的症状就是话到嘴边却说不出来(come out)。
14．A.invented B．suffered
C．discovered D．abandoned
C 解析：根据上文中的But he found a simple way可知，Nick发现(discovered)了一个治疗口吃的方法。
15．A.unlikely B．unluckily
C．suddenly D．naturally
D 解析：根据本空后的to him because of his mother可知，Nick认为自己天生(naturally)就会说爱尔兰口音是因为他的妈妈。
16．A.comes from B．deals with
C．brings up D．makes up
A 解析：他的妈妈来自(comes from)一个爱尔兰家庭。
17．A.warns B．forbids
C．teaches D．advises
D 解析：根据本空后的people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱)可知，Nick建议(advises)有口吃的人去查一查家谱。
18．A.research B．method
C．explanation D．example
B 解析：Nick认为说和自己家谱有关的语言是治疗口吃的方法(method)。
19．A.existed B．stopped
C．passed D．worked
D 解析：根据本空前的However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this...and that she would be surprised if it still...可知，语言学家Annette Stock认为如果Nick的方法在六个月后依然奏效(worked)的话她会感到很惊讶。
20．A.as B．since
C．but D．for
C 解析：根据句意可知，我们知道唱歌肯定有助于那些口吃的人，但你不能在日常生活中天天唱歌，此处是转折关系，故用but连接。
语法填空
Eating dinner at least two hours before bedtime could lower the risk of 1.____________(develop) breast and prostate cancer, new research suggests.
People who ate 2.____________(they) evening meals before 9 pm or 3.____________(wait) two hours after eating before going to sleep were found to have a 20 per-cent decreased risk of cancer 4.____________(compare) to those who ate after 10 pm or close to bedtime.
Researchers from the Barcelona Institute for Global Health found the reason 5.____________ this is that before you go to sleep, your metabolism(新陈代谢) will begin to slow down but eating will make it speed up again. This will influence the hormones(激素) that influence the body’s internal clock, 6.____________ will raise the risk of breast and prostate cancer.
The research is the first to look at the connection between cancer risk 7.____________ the timing of meals, and researchers said it showed the 8.____________(important) of looking at timing in 9.____________(study) on diet and cancer.
While more researches are needed, preparing your meal beforehand is a great way 10.____________(make) sure you’re eating as soon as you’re home and not pushing your bedtime back any further.
1．developing 解析：考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语，故填developing。
2．their 解析：考查代词。设空处作定语修饰限定evening meals，表示“他们的”，故填形容词性物主代词their。
3．waited 解析：考查一般过去时。设空处与ate并列作谓语，表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填waited。
4．compared 解析：考查过去分词作状语的用法。设空处所在句意为“与十点之后或临睡前吃晚饭的人相比，那些九点之前吃晚饭或吃饭后两小时再睡觉的人得癌症的风险会降低百分之二十”，compare与people之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填compared。
5．for/behind 解析：考查介词。reason后跟介词for/behind，表示“……的原因”。
6．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
7．and 解析：考查连词。设空处所在部分意为“吃饭时间与患癌症的风险之间的联系”，between...and...意为“……和……之间”。故填and。
8．importance 解析：考查名词。设空处作宾语，表示“重要性”，故填importance。 importance是不可数名词，无复数形式。
9．studies 解析：考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，表示“研究”，由其后的介词on可知，此处应填名词。study作“研究”讲时，是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故填studies。
10．to make 解析：考查不定式作定语的用法。way后常跟不定式作定语，表示“……的方法”。
Section Ⅴ Writing
英文广告
文体感知
一则完整的广告通常包括标题、正文、广告语，有时还包括插图说明等。广告是商品销售的宣传方式，目的是使消费者对某种商品产生兴趣，从而促使他们购买。为了达到目的，广告必须具有吸引力，特别是要引起广大消费者的兴趣。
增分佳句
1．The key to keeping fit is to eat food high in vitamins and low in fat. 保持身体健康的关键是食用多含维生素、少含脂肪的食品。
2．People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.
现在人们比以往更认识到健康的重要性。
3．With the improvement of the living standards, more and more people, especially children, are suffering from obesity.
随着生活水平的提高，越来越多的人遭受肥胖的痛苦，特别是小孩。
4．All clothes in the shop are sold at a discount/on sale.
这个商店的所有衣服都打折出售。
写作模板
Don’t you want to be slimmer? ________(引出话题)．
In order to help you lose weight, we have produced ________(介绍新产品). This kind of instrument not only ________， but also ________(介绍功效). Last month a middle-aged woman ________(举例说明)．
Now we are doing a special promotion. If you want to ________， we will offer you ________．(吸引顾客前去购买)
写作要求
假设你叫李华，现在为新开业的健康餐馆写个英文广告，要点如下：
1．健康餐馆提供均衡饮食，有利于减肥瘦身；
2．餐馆提供既有能量又有纤维的饭菜；
3．有快餐和特殊的饭菜；
4．有各种各样的中国传统面食(wheaten foods)；
5．联系方式。
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1．减肥 lose weight
2．健康餐馆 the health restaurant
3．充满能量 full of energy
4．富含纤维 rich in fibre
5．快餐 fast food
6．享受活跃的气氛 enjoy the exciting/active atmosphere
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①健康餐馆提供均衡饮食，有利于减肥瘦身。
Health Restaurant serves balanced foods. These foods can help you lose weight and become slim．
②餐馆提供既有能量又富含纤维的饭菜。
Our restaurant serves foods both full of energy and rich in fibre．
③我们有快餐和特别的饭菜。
We provide fast food and special dishes．
④我们有各种各样的中国传统面食。
We also offer varieties of/various Chinese traditional wheaten foods．
⑤我们保证提供最好的服务。
We promise you the best service．
⑥餐馆位于湖边，风景优美。
Our restaurant lies by the lake with wonderful views.
2．句式升级
⑦把①合成一个简单句
Health Restaurant serves balanced foods helping you lose weight and become slim.
⑧把②用as well as连接
Our restaurant serves foods full of energy as well as foods rich in fibre.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Once Tasted, Never Forgotten
Don’t you want to become slim? Don’t you want to lose weight? Don’t you want to eat healthily? Come to the Health Restaurant now!
Health Restaurant serves balanced foods helping you lose weight and become slim and serves foods full of energy as well as foods rich in fibre. We provide fast food and special dishes and we also offer varieties of/various Chinese traditional wheaten foods. It’s fun to eat here. At lunchtime, there are many customers. You can enjoy the exciting/active atmosphere. We promise you the best service. Our restaurant lies by the lake with wonderful views.
Why not pay us a visit? Call us at 533-599. You are welcome!
假设你是李华，你的叔叔新开了一家中餐馆，为了吸引外国人进店消费，他请你帮他用英语写一则广告，宣传该中餐馆。内容提示：
1．该中餐馆菜品多、味道好、服务周到，3月1日前菜品、酒水一律八折；
2．该中餐馆的菜品低糖、低脂肪并采用绿色蔬菜；
3．可通过电话和网络预定。联系电话：2980-9883；网址：www.Chinesefood.com。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
There is a variety of delicious dishes for you to choose in our Chinese restaurant which provides good service to all customers.All the dishes and drinks are sold at a 20% discount before March 1st. The food served is low in sugar and fat. Besides, green vegetables are used in almost every dish.If you want to enjoy tasty and healthy Chinese food，please do not hesitate to order a meal by phone or on our website.You can call us at 2980-9883 or visit www.Chinesefood.com to learn more about our restaurant and food.
课件18张PPT。Unit 2 Healthy eating按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束[学生用书P43]
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.diet n．日常饮食 vi.节食
①During festivals and celebrations, doctors remind people to eat a balanced diet(均衡饮食).
②Many people have come to realize that they should go on a diet(节食) and spare some time for exercise in their daily life.
2.balance n．天平；平衡 vt.平衡；权衡
①We should try to keep a balance(保持平衡) between study and having fun.
②He has learned to keep himself balanced(balance) while skating.
3.curiosity n．好奇心
Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They will ask all kinds of questions curiously. To meet their curiosity,we’d better answer them.(curious)
4.strength n．强项；长处；力量
①We all have strengths and weaknesses(优缺点) no matter who we are.
②We had better strengthen(strength) the relationship between us.
5.benefit n．利益；好处 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益
I can say it is of great benefit to share your feelings with someone you trust, which is also beneficial to your mental health.(benefit)
6.limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度
The natural resources we have are limited. Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit．(limit)
7.lie n．谎话；谎言 vi.说谎
①One day he told me a thing about my deskmate, but I knew he was lying(lie).
②Lying in bed, he lied to me just now he laid the watch on the table.(lie)
8.discount n．折扣
In order to attract more customers, many supermarkets usually sell their goods at a discount(打折).
9.consult vt.咨询；请教；商量
You’d better consult him(你最好咨询他) before you made up your mind.
10.slim vi.变细；减肥 adj.苗条的；纤细的
If you want to keep slim(保持苗条), protective food is your best choice.
阅读词汇排查练
1.nut n． 坚果；果仁
2.muscle n. 肌肉；(食用)瘦肉
3.bean n. 豆；豆科植物
4.pepper n. 胡椒粉；辣椒
5.mutton n． 羊肉
6.digest vi.& vt. 消化
n. 摘要；概要
7.protein n. 蛋白质
8.breast n． 胸部；乳房
9.garlic n. 大蒜
10.obesity n. 过度肥胖
11.vitamin n. 维生素
重点短语
会书写
1.lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
2.get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
3.earn one’s living 谋生
4.before long 不久以后
5.be tired of 对……厌倦/厌烦
6.win...back 赢回；重新获得
7.tell a lie/lies 说谎
8.in debt 欠债
9.cut down 削减；删节
10.put on weight 增加体重
11.glare at 怒目而视
12.keep healthy 保持健康
13.lose one’s balance 失去平衡
会应用
1.To his great joy, Wang Peng used the methods and won his customers back.
2.The child ought to be punished. You shouldn’t let him get away with playing with fire.
3.The little girl cycled too fast round the corner, lost her balance and fell off.
4.He is tired of doing the same work all the year round.
5.We hope to finish our experiment before long．Then we can go to the beach for a short holiday.
6.When her life was difficult in the past, she earned her living by singing in a night club.
7.I’m heavily in debt at the moment. So I have to take some part-time jobs to pay it off.
8.If I tell a lie/lies to my parents about my grades, I will be ashamed.
重点句型
1.so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句
他是一个如此有学问的人，以至于我们都非常仰慕他。
He is such a learned man that we all admire him very much.
2.neither...nor...既不……也不……
我们的学校位于美丽的天津市。在秋天，这里既不太热也不太冷。
Our school lies in Tianjin city, which is beautiful. In autumn, it is neither too hot nor too cold.
3.have sb./sth. doing sth.允许某人/物一直做某事
他不能容忍他儿子暑假期间一直玩电脑游戏。
He could not have his son playing computer games all the time during summer vacation.
4.现在分词短语作状语
那个小男孩坐在树下，他(在)读一本故事书。
The little boy sat beneath the tree, reading a story book.
5.“否定词＋谓语动词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
在我看来，没有什么是比读书更有趣的了。
As far as I’m concerned, nothing is more interesting than reading books.
6.must have done“一定做过”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测
你们的聚会一定很有意思。
Your party must have been very interesting.
单元语法
1．If you must(must/can) go, at least wait till the rain stops.
2．When I was at university, I would(would/will) go to the bookstore on weekends.
3．Mr. Zhang couldn’t(couldn’t/shouldn’t) have gone to America, for I saw him just now.
4．She is a shy girl, so she might(might/should) be a little nervous in such a serious situation.
5．We needn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) have hurried; you see, everything is ready and there is much time left.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．为了谋生，汤姆非常努力地工作，结果身体状况不好了。(earn one’s living)
2．一天，他第一个就此事去向医生咨询。(the first to do; consult sb. about)
3．医生说他肯定工作太卖力了。(must have done)
4．医生建议他应该劳逸结合。(should; combine...with...)
5．他应该限定每天的工作时间。(set a limit to)
6．他还应该经常锻炼来强身健体，这会对他非常有益。(build up one’s strength; benefit/be beneficial to)
7．汤姆觉得这主意再好不过了。(couldn’t be better)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Tom worked so hard to earn his living that he broke down at last. One day, he was the first to consult a doctor about this matter and the doctor said that he must have worked too hard. The doctor suggested that he should combine work with pleasure and set a limit to his daily work time. In addition, he should also exercise regularly to build up his strength, which will benefit/be beneficial to him. Tom thought the idea couldn’t have been better.
课件21张PPT。按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
