《百万英镑》是美国作家马克·吐温创作的中短篇小说，发表于1893年。讲述了一个穷困潦倒的美国小伙子亨利·亚当斯在伦敦的一次奇遇。小说以其略带夸张的艺术手法再现大师的讽刺与幽默，揭露了20世纪初英国社会的拜金主义思想。
The Million Pound Bank Note
The Million Pound Bank Note is a short story that Mark Twain published at the end of his writing career. The story begins with Henry Adams, an American, who arrives in London without money. There are two wealthy brothers who wonder what will happen if they give Henry a million pound bank note. Brother A thinks the poor man will be in trouble while Brother B thinks he will live a good life. So they make a bet.
So Henry is given the bank note and a letter that explains the terms of the bet. When he tries to pay for a meal, the restaurant can’t give him change. But it doesn’t matter—there is prestige(威望) and respect attached to owning this bank note. Immediately, Henry tries to return the bank note to the two brothers, thinking that they probably have made a mistake.
But he is told that the brothers have just left and they will be away for a month. So Henry decides to keep the bank note for thirty days and help Brother B win the bet. If he makes it, he will be promised a job and a salary at the end of the month.
In the following days, Henry earns respect and admiration because of this bank note he possessed. He gets a suit for free because it is assumed that he is a rich man. The restaurant where Henry ate becomes famous. He even meets the American ambassador(大使) and is invited to a fancy dinner party at his house, at which Henry meets his future love, a girl named Portia. He also meets a fellow American friend, Lloyd Hastings, who has difficulty selling his shares(股份). Henry decides to help both himself and Lloyd by using his fame. Finally, the shares are sold and Henry has a million dollars in his own bank account.
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.adventure n. 奇遇；冒险
2.phrase n. 短语；词组；惯用语
3.scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
4.wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊
5.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看
6.fault n. 过错；缺点；故障
7.spot vt. 发现；认出
n. 斑点；污点；地点
8.account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有
n. 说明；理由；计算；账目
9.seek vt.& vi. 寻找；探索；寻求
10.contrary n. 反面；对立面
adj. 相反的；相违的
拓展词汇
11.novel n．小说；长篇故事adj.新奇的；异常的→novelist n．小说家
12.permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照→permission n．许可
13.patience n．耐性；忍耐→patient adj.能忍耐的；有耐心的
阅读词汇
14.boyhood n. 少年时代
15.bet n. 赌；打赌
vi.& vt. 打赌；赌钱
16.penniless adj. 贫困的；身无分文的
17.pavement n. 人行道
18.businessman n. 商人
19.bay n. 海湾
20.nightfall n. 黄昏
21.passage n. 船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
22.embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员
23.charity n. 慈善(团体)；施舍
重点短语
1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
3.by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心
4.stare at 盯着看；凝视
5.account for 是……的原因；解释
6.to be honest 老实说
7.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反
8.show...out 带领某人出去
9.make a bet 打赌
10.as a matter of fact 事实上
11.be about to do sth. 正要干……
重点句型
1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语，意为“发现……”：Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out(发现自己被带到) to sea by a strong wind.
2.had just done...when...句型：The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when(正当我感到绝望时，这时) I was spotted by a ship.
3.It is/was...that...强调句型：And it was the ship that(是这艘船) brought you to England.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and then choose the best answer.
What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Two rich gentlemen made a bet on a million pound bank note.
B．How did Henry Adams land in London?
C．Henry Adams was puzzled about the note.
D．Why did the two rich gentlemen choose Henry Adams?
答案：A
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What happened to Henry when he was sailing out of the bay?
A．His boat sank in a storm at sea.
B．He was carried out to sea by a strong wind.
C．He was attacked by some bad men at sea.
D．He jumped into the sea to kill himself.
2．Which of the following words can best describe Henry?
A．Brave. B．Honest.
C．Lazy. D．Shy.
3．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Henry opened the letter before 2 o’clock.
B．The two brothers would like to offer him a job.
C．Roderick believed that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month.
D．Henry only wanted a job because he was penniless in London.
4．How did Henry feel when the two brothers gave him the letter?
A．Unhappy. B．Surprised.
C．Pleased. D．Excited.
答案：1－4.BBDA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.
此句为简单句。句中“see a penniless young man wandering”为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。wandering为动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，动词wander与a penniless young man之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。
[翻译] 这时，他们看到一个身无分文的年轻人在他们家外面的人行道上徘徊。
2．It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
此句为who引导的强调句型。an American businessman与Henry Adams是同位语，what he should do作know的宾语。
[翻译] 他叫亨利·亚当斯，是一个美国商人；他在伦敦迷了路，不知道该怎么办。
3．Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
此句为简单句。句中“found myself carried out...”为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。carried out...为动词的过去分词短语作宾语补足语，且carry out与myself之间为动宾关系。
[翻译] 嗯，将近傍晚时，我发现我被一阵强风刮到海上去了。
①note n．纸币，钞票
②scene[si?n] n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
③narrator[n?'reIt?]n.讲述者，叙述者
④bet[bet]n.赌；打赌 vi.& vt.打赌；赌钱
make a bet 打赌
⑤survive 此处用作及物动词，指“艰难度过”。
⑥penniless['penIlIs]adj.贫困的；身无分文的
⑦wander['w?nd?]vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊
⑧pavement['peIvm?nt]n.人行道(＝〈美〉sidewalk)
⑨businessman['bIznIsm?n]n.商人
⑩step inside 走进来(＝walk in)
?permit[p?'mIt]vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许
['p??mIt]n.通行证；许可证；执照
?mind(sb./one’s) doing sth.介意(某人)做某事
mind后跟v.-ing而非动词不定式作宾语。
?go ahead用于表示同意对方的提议或请求，在本句译为“可以，往下说，问吧”。有时根据语境还可译为“说吧，做吧，干吧，吃吧”等。
?as a matter of fact(＝in fact＝in reality＝actually)事实上，实际上
?by accident(＝by chance)偶然；无意中；不小心
其反义词组为：by design/on purpose故意，有意地
?bay[beI]n.海湾
?stare[ste?]vi.凝视；盯着看
stare at盯着看；凝视
?nightfall['naItf??l]n.黄昏
?fault[f??lt]n.过错；缺点；故障
It was all my fault.这都是我的错。(常用于主动承担责任时)
?give oneself up for lost＝give oneself up for being lost因为迷失方向而要放弃自己。引申为“感到绝望”。
(spot[sp?t]vt.发现；认出n.斑点；污点；地点
(passage['p?sId?]n.船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
earn one’s passage挣取旅费
(unpaid[??n'peId]adj.
未付款的；不付报酬的
an unpaid hand义工
(account[?'ka?nt]vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目
account for是……的原因；解释
(embassy['emb?sI]n.大使馆；大使及其官员
(seek[si?k]vt.& vi.(sought[s??t]，sought)寻找；探索；寻求
(advantage n．有利因素，优势；优点
(follow在此相当于understand，意为“理解，明白”。
(patience['peI??ns]n.耐性；忍耐
此处相当于have a little patience“耐心点儿”。
(on the contrary与此相反；正相反(用来引出对立的观点、理由或说法)
contrary['k?ntr?rI]n.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的
to the contrary相反的，
相反地
(care about关心
care for非常喜欢；照顾
(letter在这里首次被提及，按理说应该用不定冠词a。但对两兄弟而言，信是他们事先已准备好的，提到信，他们俩心知肚明是哪一封，故用“the letter”。
(charity['t??rItI]n.慈善(团体)；施舍
(honest adj.(工作或工资)辛勤挣得的
(show sb. out送某人出去
show sb. in带某人进来
show sb. around带领某人参观
【核心素养链接】
《百万英镑》(The Million Pound Bank Note)是美国作家马克·吐温创作的中短篇小说，发表于1893年。小说讲述了一个穷困潦倒的美国小伙子亨利·亚当斯在伦敦的一次奇遇。伦敦的两位富翁兄弟打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万大钞借给亨利，亨利的生活由此而改变。人们对待亨利的态度随着钞票的得而复失、失而复得而有180度的大转弯。最后亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心。小说以其略带夸张的艺术手法讽刺而幽默地揭露了20世纪初英国社会的拜金主义思想。《百万英镑》也曾被改编拍摄成电影。
THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE①
Act Ⅰ，Scene② 3
NARRATOR③：It is the summer of 1903.Two old and wealthy brothers，Roderick and Oliver，have made a bet④. Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive⑤ a month in London. His brother Roderick doubts it. At this moment, they see a penniless⑥ young man wandering⑦ on the pavement⑧ outside their house. It is Henry Adams, an American businessman⑨， who is lost in London and does not know what he should do．
◆see a penniless young man wandering为see sb. doing sth.结构，意为“看到某人正在做某事”。
◆an American businessman作Henry Adams的同位语。who...he should do是who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰an American businessman。从句中含有what引导的宾语从句，从句作know的宾语。
RODERICK：Young man, would you step insideB10 a moment，please?
HENRY：Who？Me，sir?
RODERICK：Yes，you.
OLIVER：Through the front door on your left.
HENRY：(A servant opens a door )Thanks.
SERVANT：Good morning，sir.Would you please come in? Permit? me to lead the way, sir.
OLIVER：(Henry enters)Thank you，James.That will be all.
◆That will be all.意为“没你的事了。”此处all为代词，意为“一切，全部”。直译这句话为“那就是全部的事情。”RODERICK：How do you do，Mr ...er ...?
HENRY：Adams.Henry Adams.
OLIVER：Come and sit down，Mr Adams.
HENRY：Thank you.
RODERICK：You’re an American?
◆本句为陈述句形式的疑问句，读时仍用升调。
HENRY：That’s right，from San Francisco.
RODERICK：How well do you know London?
◆How well do you know...？意为“你熟悉……吗？”How well在此表示了解或熟悉的程度。
HENRY：Not at all.It’s my first trip here.
RODERICK：I wonder, Mr Adams, if you’d mind? us asking a few questions.
◆I wonder if...意为“我想知道能否……”。这是委婉提出请求的常用句型。
HENRY：Not at all. Go right ahead?.
RODERICK：May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are?
HENRY：Well，I can’t say that I have any plans.I’m hoping to find work.As a matter of fact?， I landed in Britain by accident?.
OLIVER：How is that possible?
HENRY：Well，you see，back home I had my own boat.About a month ago，I was sailing out of the bay?...(his eyes stare? at what is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table)
◆宾语从句what is left of...table作介词at的宾语，what在从句中作主语。
OLIVER：Well，go on.
HENRY：Oh，yes.Well，towards nightfall? I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.It was all my fault?. I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost? when I was spotted( by a ship．
◆found myself carried out为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。其中过去分词短语carried out作宾补，myself和carry out之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
◆sb. had just about done...when...意为“某人近乎做完某事，这时……”，其中just about意为“近乎，几乎”，此处用来加强语气。
OLIVER：And it was the ship that brought you to England．
◆本句为强调句型，强调主语the ship。其中that不作句子成分，但不能省略。
HENRY：Yes. The fact is that I earned my passage( by working as an unpaid( hand, which accounts( for my appearance.
I went to the American embassy( to seek(help，but ...(The brothers smile at each other.)
◆本句为主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句，that不可省略；which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代working as an unpaid hand这件事，which在定语从句中作主语。
RODERICK：Well，you mustn’t worry about that.It’s an advantage(.
HENRY：I’m afraid I don’t quite follow( you，sir.
RODERICK：Tell us，Mr Adams，what sort of work did you do in America?
HENRY：I worked for a mining company.Could you offer me some kind of work here?
RODERICK：Patience(, Mr Adams.If you don’t mind，may I ask you how much money you have?
HENRY：Well，to be honest, I have none.
◆to be honest坦白说，老实说。此处是动词不定式短语在句子中作插入语，表示说话者的态度。
OLIVER：(happily)What luck! Brother，what luck! (claps his hands together)
HENRY：Well，it may seem lucky to you but not to me! On the contrary(，in fact.If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I don’t think it’s very funny.(Henry stands up to leave)Now if you’ll excuse me，I think I’ll be on my way.
◆该句为正式的表达。I’ll be on my way在此意为“我要走了”。
RODERICK：Please don’t go，Mr Adams.You mustn’t think we don’t care about( you.Oliver，give him the letter(.
OLIVER：Yes，the letter.(gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift )The letter.
HENRY：(taking it carefully )For me?
RODERICK：For you. (Henry starts to open it )Oh，no，you mustn’t open it.Not yet.You can’t open it until two o’clock.
HENRY：Oh，this is silly.
RODERICK：Not silly.There’s money in it.(calls to the servant )James?
HENRY：Oh，no.I don’t want your charity(.I just want an honest( job.
RODERICK：We know you’re hard-working.That’s why we’ve given you the letter. James，show Mr Adams out(.
◆That’s why...那就是……的原因。why在此引导表语从句，why后接表示结果的句子。
OLIVER：Good luck，Mr Adams.
HENRY：Well，why don’t you explain what this is all about?
◆what this is all about“这一切是怎么回事”，作explain的宾语。句中all为副词，用来加强语气；what为about的宾语。
RODERICK：You’ll soon know.(looks at the clock)In exactly an hour and a half.
SERVANT：This way，sir.
◆This way，sir.“请这边走，先生。”这是服务人员迎、送客人时的常用语。
RODERICK：Mr Adams，not until 2 o’clock. Promise?
◆not until 2 o’clock是you can’t open it until 2 o’clock的省略说法。
HENRY：Promise.Goodbye.
百万英镑
第1幕，第3场
旁白：那是1903年的夏天。一对年老而又富有的兄弟，罗德里克和奥利弗，打了一个赌。奥利弗认为一个人有一张百万英镑的钞票就能在伦敦存活一个月。他的兄弟罗德里克对此表示怀疑。这时，他们看到一个身无分文的年轻人在他们家外面的人行道上徘徊。他叫亨利·亚当斯，是一个美国商人；他在伦敦迷了路，不知道该怎么办。
罗德里克：年轻人，请你进来一会儿，好吗？
亨利：先生，你叫谁呀？是叫我吗？
罗德里克：是的，就是你。
奥利弗：从你左侧的前门(进来)。
亨利：(仆人给他打开门)谢谢。
仆人：早上好，先生，请进。先生，请让我来带路吧。
奥利弗：(亨利走进来)谢谢你，詹姆斯，没你的事了。
罗德里克：你好，你贵姓？
亨利：亚当斯。亨利·亚当斯。
奥利弗：来，请坐，亚当斯先生。
亨利：谢谢。
罗德里克：你是美国人？
亨利：是的，从旧金山来。
罗德里克：你熟悉伦敦吗？
亨利：一点儿也不了解，这是我第一次来伦敦。
罗德里克：亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。
亨利：不介意。请问吧。
罗德里克：可不可以问问，你来这个国家干什么以及你的计划是什么？
亨利：嗯，我谈不上有什么计划，我希望能找到工作。事实上，我是无意间来到英国的。
奥利弗：那怎么可能呢？
亨利：嗯：你看，在美国的时候，我有自己的船。大约一个月前，我开船驶出了海湾……(他的眼睛盯着兄弟俩留在餐桌上的残羹剩饭)
奥利弗：嗯，往下说吧。
亨利：噢，好的。 嗯，将近傍晚时，我发现我被一阵强风刮到海上去了。这都是我的错。我不知道是否能活到早晨。第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
奥利弗：正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
亨利：是的。事实上，我靠做义工来挣船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因。我到美国大使馆寻求帮助，但是……(兄弟俩相视而笑。)
罗德里克：嗯，这一点你倒不必担心，这还是优势呢。
亨利：先生，恐怕我没有听懂你说的话。
罗德里克：亚当斯先生，请告诉我们，你在美国是干哪种工作的？
亨利：我在一家矿业公司工作。你们能不能在这里给我提供一份工作呢？
罗德里克：耐心点儿，亚当斯先生。如果你不介意，我能不能问问你手头儿有多少钱？
亨利：哦，老实说，我身无分文。
奥利弗：(高兴地)真走运！老兄，你真有运气！(鼓起掌来)
亨利：嗯，这对你们来说可能是运气，但对我来说可不是。事实上，正好相反。如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我觉得这不是很好笑。(亨利起身准备走)好了， 请原谅，我想我要走了。
罗德里克：亚当斯先生，请别走。你千万不要以为我们不在意你的感受。奥利弗，把信给他。
奥利弗：是，拿信。(从桌上把信拿起来，像送礼品一样递给亨利)给你信。
亨利：(小心翼翼地接过信)给我的？
罗德里克：给你的。(亨利开始拆信)噢，别拆，你不要拆，现在不是时候，到两点钟你才能打开它。
亨利：噢，这真可笑。
罗德里克：这不可笑，这里边有钱呢。(叫仆人)詹姆斯？
亨利：噢，不。我不想要你们的施舍。我只要一份实实在在的工作。
罗德里克：我们知道你工作很卖力，这正是我们给你这封信的原因。詹姆斯，请送亚当斯先生出去。
奥利弗：祝你好运，亚当斯先生。
亨利：那么，怎么不给我讲讲，这究竟是怎么回事呢？
罗德里克：你很快就会明白的。(看了看表)确切地说是一个半小时以后。
仆人：请这边走，先生。
罗德里克：亚当斯先生，两点钟以前不要拆信，你答应吗？
亨利：一定。再见！
[学生用书P117(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
When I was a child, my mother would look at me and say，“You have something special, and I know you can achieve whatever you set your mind on. But you should always know what you will be doing next.”
In college, I made a goal to do well in my study and win a scholarship every year. Certainly, I made it. After college, my goal was to work and live in New York City. I got a good job and two years later, I had my own apartment on the Upper East Side.
As I look back, I understand more clearly that setting goals gave me direction and a path to follow. When I was pregnant(怀孕的) with my first child, my new goal was to stay at home and raise my baby by myself. It means that I had to give up a lot of things, such as my job. It was difficult to accept the truth, but I knew what I wanted and nothing was going to stand in my way.
When my second child was seven years old, I wanted to go back to work. However, my friends told me that it was impossible to get a good job after being away from work for 10 years. But then I went to work as a manager in a big company. It wasn’t easy at first, but I liked the challenge.
I worked at that job for seven years and learned so much. But then I felt a new goal coming. I left my job last month and started my own company. I always teach my children the same thing that my mother told me: You can achieve anything you set your mind on. What do you want? Once you know, go get it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。从小作者的母亲就告诉作者要树立目标，然后朝着目标努力，所以作者最后很成功，拥有了自己的公司。她的故事告诉我们树立目标很重要。
1．Why did the author stop working once?
A．Because she disliked her previous job.
B．Because she met with difficulties in her job.
C．Because she wanted to raise her child herself.
D．Because she had no one to look after her child.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的my new goal was to stay at home and raise my baby by myself 可知，作者停止工作的原因是想要自己带孩子。
2．How did the author’s friends react to her decision to go back to work?
A．They encouraged her greatly.
B．They thought she couldn’t get a good job.
C．They thought she was not serious about that.
D．They gave her suggestions on finding a good job.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的However, my friends told me that it was impossible to get a good job after being away from work for 10 years. 可知，当作者想要继续工作时，她朋友们的反应是觉得她找不到好的工作。
3．What does the author most probably want to show by writing this passage?
A．It’s important to set goals in life.
B．We should know our own needs.
C．We should always be full of confidence.
D．It’s important to make some changes in life.
A 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲树立目标的重要性。
B
Samuel Langhorne Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain and other pen names during his writing career. Pen names have been used by authors throughout the centuries for some common purposes. But Samuel Clemens didn’t appear to choose Mark Twain for any of those common reasons. Actually, “mark twain” is a term used in steam boat piloting. Clemens’ dream job was to be a pilot of a steam boat, so he used the term as his pen name. He got famous after using it so he kept on using the name Mark Twain. Twain started his career at the newspaper the Hannibal Journal, and it was his work as a riverboat pilot that helped him develop the writer’s voice that so many people know today.
Twain’s narrative(叙述) writing style belongs to what people call Southwestern humor. His life in Hannibal, Missouri introduced him to many of these character types. It was there that he familiarized himself with character types such as slave sellers and riverboat travelers. His style of writing marks the ending of Romanticism and the beginning of Realism in American literature.
Unlike the English writers who came before him, Twain created a much looser narrative style—the way characters spoke sounded like real speech, and no two characters sounded the same. Each had a unique voice that told the readers who was speaking. What this American novelist did for literature is what Walt Whitman did for poetry.
Mark Twain died on April 21, 1910, but the humor in his works still has a great influence on people today. Humor is something the writer began producing during his newspaper days at the Hannibal Journal, where he contributed short, humorous pieces as well as articles to the paper. Interestingly, although Clemens mostly used his pen name Mark Twain when he wrote, he did have another pen name that he used when writing humor: Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章从Mark Twain写作使用的笔名、幽默的语言以及叙事的方式等方面介绍了他的写作风格。
4．What probably helped Clemens much in developing his writing career at the beginning?
A．His sense of humor.
B．His life in childhood.
C．His family atmosphere.
D．His working experience.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的it was his work as a riverboat pilot that helped him develop the writer’s voice that so many people know today可知，Clemens作为领航员的工作在他写作生涯中发挥了很大的作用。
5．Why is Walt Whitman mentioned in the passage?
A．To attract readers’ attention.
B．To introduce the topic sentence.
C．To describe Mark Twain’s characters.
D．To show Twain’s achievement in writing.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的Unlike the English writers who came before him, Twain created a much looser narrative style可知， Mark Twain有他自己特别的写作风格，段末把他比作Walt Whitman是想突出他在文学方面的成就。
6．What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．Mark Twain’s writing style.
B．Humor in Mark Twain’s works.
C．Mark Twain’s contribution to literature.
D．The story of the pen name Mark Twain.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要是从Mark Twain写作使用的笔名、幽默语言以及叙事的方式等方面介绍他的写作风格。
C
Whether kids are reading an interesting book or watching a funny television show, there are three words they probably fear hearing in the evening: time for bed! There’s always a question existing in their mind: why does bedtime always have to arrive so soon to break up whatever fun we’re having?
Most children will ask for extra time. Some may even try to argue with logic(逻辑). After all, aren’t adults supposed to set a good example for children? If adults stay up later, shouldn’t children be allowed to stay up later, either? Unfortunately for children everywhere, that logic simply doesn’t hold water. In fact, science is fairly on the side of adults. No matter how unfair it seems, children simply need more sleep than adults.
Even though sleeping seems to be the most boring and unproductive thing you could be doing, it’s actually very important to your physical and mental health. In addition to providing energy for your body, sleep helps your brain work at its best, too. Scientists believe that the brain remains active during certain periods of sleep, sorting through and storing information from the day.
As a general rule, young children need between 9 and 11 hours of sleep each night. Teenagers usually need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep nightly. But why do kids need that extra sleep? In fact, children are still in the process of growing—both physically and mentally—and that extra sleep is what their bodies need to grow in a healthy way. Once they have stopped growing, they don’t need so much sleep.
Sleeping less than a regular basis can do harm to your health. In addition to feeling physically tired, you can also feel psychologically(心理上地) tired when you can’t get enough sleep. It can lead to an inability to focus and think clearly. Being overly tired can also make relatively-easy things seem nearly impossible. What’s worse, too little sleep can make you get sick easily.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。儿童处于成长阶段，与成人相比，需要更多的睡眠，以保证他们的身体健康地成长。
7．What do we know about kids in Paragraph 1?
A．They dislike sleeping.
B．They fear hearing orders at night.
C．They hate bedtime’s breaking up their fun.
D．They need extra time to read or watch TV.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的There’s always a question existing in their mind: why does bedtime always have to arrive so soon to break up whatever fun we’re having？和第二段的Most children will ask for extra time.可知，孩子们讨厌睡觉影响他们的娱乐。
8．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means that logic ________．
A．doesn’t make sense
B．can’t be proven
C．should be supported
D．needs to be explained
A 解析：句意理解题。根据第二段的In fact, science is fairly on the side of adults. 可知，科学是站在成年人这边的，所以可推测，此句是指孩子们所谓的逻辑站不住脚。
9．According to the passage, why do kids need extra sleep compared with adults?
A．It helps them grow taller.
B．It improves their intelligence.
C．It benefits their healthy growth.
D．It reduces their risk of developing disease.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的In fact, children are still in the process of growing...extra sleep is what their bodies need to grow in a healthy way. Once they have stopped growing, they don’t need so much sleep. 可知，孩子们之所以比成人需要的睡眠时间多，是因为他们还在长身体，充足的睡眠可以使得他们健康地成长。
10．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The benefits of sleeping properly.
B．The cause of people’s sleeping less.
C．The negative effects of sleeping less.
D．The connection between sleep and illness.
C 解析：段落大意题。文章最后一段主要讲睡眠时间少可能会带来的负面影响。
七选五
My name is Ainne Olar, and I’m a high school student. I was born in a small town in Philippines. 1.________ However, I moved to Canada with my family two years ago.
I had never been living in another country before, so I was very shy at the beginning. At school, I was always doing things by myself. 2.________ I didn’t want to talk to others. And I didn’t join any clubs in the school even though my teachers were always encouraging me.
One day, an event happened in our school. Everyone was asked to play in the gym. I didn’t join at first, and I just watched others play. Actually, I am a very athletic(擅长运动的) and energetic person. While watching, I was very excited and wanted to join. I said to myself, “I can’t just sit here watching others play; I need to be brave to have fun.” 3.________
I stood up and just joined. 4.________ I have lots of friends. I am a participant in every discussion in class. And I join many clubs in our school with my friends.
5．________ After getting out of it, you will get a lot of surprises. You will build more relationships with others. And you will become more positive and confident about your life.
A．I didn’t want to participate in class.
B．Everything has changed since then.
C．I felt quite confident about my life.
D．And I spent most of my childhood there.
E．Don’t be afraid to get out of your comfort zone.
F．It’s impossible for us to get out of our comfort zone.
G．All these thoughts pushed me to step out of my comfort zone.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者刚和家人搬到加拿大时很害羞，从不参与任何社团也不和同学说话。后来他走出了舒适区，从此他的生活也彻底改变了。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句指出作者出生在菲律宾的一个小镇，后一句说，然而两年前，他却随家人一起搬到了加拿大。所以此句应表达他的童年一直是生活在那里的，此句中的there指代的就是前一句中的a small town in Philippines。
2．A 解析：此空设于段中，是对本段第一句的进一步解释。本句前后都是对本段第一句的进一步解释，是作者刚开始害羞的具体表现。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，与上一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的All these thoughts指代的是上一句作者对自己所说的话的内容。
4．B 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句指出他站起来，参与到活动中。此句指出，从此之后一切都改变了，后面的内容都是具体改变的内容。
5．E 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容都是围绕这句话展开的，进一步指出离开舒适区的好处。
课件58张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P117(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
When I was a child, my mother would look at me and say，“You have something special, and I know you can achieve whatever you set your mind on. But you should always know what you will be doing next.”
In college, I made a goal to do well in my study and win a scholarship every year. Certainly, I made it. After college, my goal was to work and live in New York City. I got a good job and two years later, I had my own apartment on the Upper East Side.
As I look back, I understand more clearly that setting goals gave me direction and a path to follow. When I was pregnant(怀孕的) with my first child, my new goal was to stay at home and raise my baby by myself. It means that I had to give up a lot of things, such as my job. It was difficult to accept the truth, but I knew what I wanted and nothing was going to stand in my way.
When my second child was seven years old, I wanted to go back to work. However, my friends told me that it was impossible to get a good job after being away from work for 10 years. But then I went to work as a manager in a big company. It wasn’t easy at first, but I liked the challenge.
I worked at that job for seven years and learned so much. But then I felt a new goal coming. I left my job last month and started my own company. I always teach my children the same thing that my mother told me: You can achieve anything you set your mind on. What do you want? Once you know, go get it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。从小作者的母亲就告诉作者要树立目标，然后朝着目标努力，所以作者最后很成功，拥有了自己的公司。她的故事告诉我们树立目标很重要。
1．Why did the author stop working once?
A．Because she disliked her previous job.
B．Because she met with difficulties in her job.
C．Because she wanted to raise her child herself.
D．Because she had no one to look after her child.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的my new goal was to stay at home and raise my baby by myself 可知，作者停止工作的原因是想要自己带孩子。
2．How did the author’s friends react to her decision to go back to work?
A．They encouraged her greatly.
B．They thought she couldn’t get a good job.
C．They thought she was not serious about that.
D．They gave her suggestions on finding a good job.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的However, my friends told me that it was impossible to get a good job after being away from work for 10 years. 可知，当作者想要继续工作时，她朋友们的反应是觉得她找不到好的工作。
3．What does the author most probably want to show by writing this passage?
A．It’s important to set goals in life.
B．We should know our own needs.
C．We should always be full of confidence.
D．It’s important to make some changes in life.
A 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲树立目标的重要性。
B
Samuel Langhorne Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain and other pen names during his writing career. Pen names have been used by authors throughout the centuries for some common purposes. But Samuel Clemens didn’t appear to choose Mark Twain for any of those common reasons. Actually, “mark twain” is a term used in steam boat piloting. Clemens’ dream job was to be a pilot of a steam boat, so he used the term as his pen name. He got famous after using it so he kept on using the name Mark Twain. Twain started his career at the newspaper the Hannibal Journal, and it was his work as a riverboat pilot that helped him develop the writer’s voice that so many people know today.
Twain’s narrative(叙述) writing style belongs to what people call Southwestern humor. His life in Hannibal, Missouri introduced him to many of these character types. It was there that he familiarized himself with character types such as slave sellers and riverboat travelers. His style of writing marks the ending of Romanticism and the beginning of Realism in American literature.
Unlike the English writers who came before him, Twain created a much looser narrative style—the way characters spoke sounded like real speech, and no two characters sounded the same. Each had a unique voice that told the readers who was speaking. What this American novelist did for literature is what Walt Whitman did for poetry.
Mark Twain died on April 21, 1910, but the humor in his works still has a great influence on people today. Humor is something the writer began producing during his newspaper days at the Hannibal Journal, where he contributed short, humorous pieces as well as articles to the paper. Interestingly, although Clemens mostly used his pen name Mark Twain when he wrote, he did have another pen name that he used when writing humor: Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章从Mark Twain写作使用的笔名、幽默的语言以及叙事的方式等方面介绍了他的写作风格。
4．What probably helped Clemens much in developing his writing career at the beginning?
A．His sense of humor.
B．His life in childhood.
C．His family atmosphere.
D．His working experience.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的it was his work as a riverboat pilot that helped him develop the writer’s voice that so many people know today可知，Clemens作为领航员的工作在他写作生涯中发挥了很大的作用。
5．Why is Walt Whitman mentioned in the passage?
A．To attract readers’ attention.
B．To introduce the topic sentence.
C．To describe Mark Twain’s characters.
D．To show Twain’s achievement in writing.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的Unlike the English writers who came before him, Twain created a much looser narrative style可知， Mark Twain有他自己特别的写作风格，段末把他比作Walt Whitman是想突出他在文学方面的成就。
6．What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．Mark Twain’s writing style.
B．Humor in Mark Twain’s works.
C．Mark Twain’s contribution to literature.
D．The story of the pen name Mark Twain.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要是从Mark Twain写作使用的笔名、幽默语言以及叙事的方式等方面介绍他的写作风格。
C
Whether kids are reading an interesting book or watching a funny television show, there are three words they probably fear hearing in the evening: time for bed! There’s always a question existing in their mind: why does bedtime always have to arrive so soon to break up whatever fun we’re having?
Most children will ask for extra time. Some may even try to argue with logic(逻辑). After all, aren’t adults supposed to set a good example for children? If adults stay up later, shouldn’t children be allowed to stay up later, either? Unfortunately for children everywhere, that logic simply doesn’t hold water. In fact, science is fairly on the side of adults. No matter how unfair it seems, children simply need more sleep than adults.
Even though sleeping seems to be the most boring and unproductive thing you could be doing, it’s actually very important to your physical and mental health. In addition to providing energy for your body, sleep helps your brain work at its best, too. Scientists believe that the brain remains active during certain periods of sleep, sorting through and storing information from the day.
As a general rule, young children need between 9 and 11 hours of sleep each night. Teenagers usually need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep nightly. But why do kids need that extra sleep? In fact, children are still in the process of growing—both physically and mentally—and that extra sleep is what their bodies need to grow in a healthy way. Once they have stopped growing, they don’t need so much sleep.
Sleeping less than a regular basis can do harm to your health. In addition to feeling physically tired, you can also feel psychologically(心理上地) tired when you can’t get enough sleep. It can lead to an inability to focus and think clearly. Being overly tired can also make relatively-easy things seem nearly impossible. What’s worse, too little sleep can make you get sick easily.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。儿童处于成长阶段，与成人相比，需要更多的睡眠，以保证他们的身体健康地成长。
7．What do we know about kids in Paragraph 1?
A．They dislike sleeping.
B．They fear hearing orders at night.
C．They hate bedtime’s breaking up their fun.
D．They need extra time to read or watch TV.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的There’s always a question existing in their mind: why does bedtime always have to arrive so soon to break up whatever fun we’re having？和第二段的Most children will ask for extra time.可知，孩子们讨厌睡觉影响他们的娱乐。
8．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means that logic ________．
A．doesn’t make sense
B．can’t be proven
C．should be supported
D．needs to be explained
A 解析：句意理解题。根据第二段的In fact, science is fairly on the side of adults. 可知，科学是站在成年人这边的，所以可推测，此句是指孩子们所谓的逻辑站不住脚。
9．According to the passage, why do kids need extra sleep compared with adults?
A．It helps them grow taller.
B．It improves their intelligence.
C．It benefits their healthy growth.
D．It reduces their risk of developing disease.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的In fact, children are still in the process of growing...extra sleep is what their bodies need to grow in a healthy way. Once they have stopped growing, they don’t need so much sleep. 可知，孩子们之所以比成人需要的睡眠时间多，是因为他们还在长身体，充足的睡眠可以使得他们健康地成长。
10．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The benefits of sleeping properly.
B．The cause of people’s sleeping less.
C．The negative effects of sleeping less.
D．The connection between sleep and illness.
C 解析：段落大意题。文章最后一段主要讲睡眠时间少可能会带来的负面影响。
七选五
My name is Ainne Olar, and I’m a high school student. I was born in a small town in Philippines. 1.________ However, I moved to Canada with my family two years ago.
I had never been living in another country before, so I was very shy at the beginning. At school, I was always doing things by myself. 2.________ I didn’t want to talk to others. And I didn’t join any clubs in the school even though my teachers were always encouraging me.
One day, an event happened in our school. Everyone was asked to play in the gym. I didn’t join at first, and I just watched others play. Actually, I am a very athletic(擅长运动的) and energetic person. While watching, I was very excited and wanted to join. I said to myself, “I can’t just sit here watching others play; I need to be brave to have fun.” 3.________
I stood up and just joined. 4.________ I have lots of friends. I am a participant in every discussion in class. And I join many clubs in our school with my friends.
5．________ After getting out of it, you will get a lot of surprises. You will build more relationships with others. And you will become more positive and confident about your life.
A．I didn’t want to participate in class.
B．Everything has changed since then.
C．I felt quite confident about my life.
D．And I spent most of my childhood there.
E．Don’t be afraid to get out of your comfort zone.
F．It’s impossible for us to get out of our comfort zone.
G．All these thoughts pushed me to step out of my comfort zone.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者刚和家人搬到加拿大时很害羞，从不参与任何社团也不和同学说话。后来他走出了舒适区，从此他的生活也彻底改变了。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句指出作者出生在菲律宾的一个小镇，后一句说，然而两年前，他却随家人一起搬到了加拿大。所以此句应表达他的童年一直是生活在那里的，此句中的there指代的就是前一句中的a small town in Philippines。
2．A 解析：此空设于段中，是对本段第一句的进一步解释。本句前后都是对本段第一句的进一步解释，是作者刚开始害羞的具体表现。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，与上一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的All these thoughts指代的是上一句作者对自己所说的话的内容。
4．B 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。前一句指出他站起来，参与到活动中。此句指出，从此之后一切都改变了，后面的内容都是具体改变的内容。
5．E 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容都是围绕这句话展开的，进一步指出离开舒适区的好处。
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
(教材P17)He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.
他在密西西比河边密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
bring about 使(某事)发生；导致
bring back 使回想起；使……恢复
bring down 降低；打倒
bring in 引入；引进；赚了
[一词多义]——写出下列句中bring up的含义
①His father died when he was 10 and he was brought up by his mother.抚养
②The new president brought up a new plan at the meeting.
提出
③The woman fell ill and brought up what she ate.呕吐
④My parents brought me up to respect others.教育
[即学即练]——用bring的相关短语填空
⑤Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.
⑥The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices.
⑦This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
⑧普通表达：Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her aunt.
高级表达：Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
(经典例句)The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.
孩子们在花园里玩得高兴的场面消失后，花园里又安静下来。
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
on the scene 在现场；当场
come on the scene 到场
①He is good at drawing a peaceful country scene.
他擅长画宁静的乡村景色。
②He was on the scene when the accident happened.
事故发生时，他在现场。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene, where a traffic accident happened.
[链接写作]——完成句子
②She came on the scene(到现场) the moment she heard the news.
③He turned up late and we missed the first scene of the play(错过了戏剧的第一场)．
permit v．许可；允许；准许
n．通行证；许可证；执照
(经典例句)Passengers are permitted to carry only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
乘客只被允许带一件手提行李登机。
(1)permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits
如果时间/天气允许的话
(2)permission n. 许可；允许
ask for permission 请求允许
without permission 未经允许
①Children are not permitted into the cinema without their parents. 没有家长带领，孩子不准进入电影院。
②I will practise my spoken English every day as long as time permits and learn as many as English songs as possible.
只要时间允许，我将每天练习我的英语口语，尽可能多地学习英语歌曲。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The rules of the club don’t permit smoking(smoke)．
②Weather permitting(permit), we also plan to go out for a picnic.
③For the health of other people, you are not permitted to smoke(smoke) here.
④(2018·江苏卷)It’s strange that he should have taken the books without the owner’s permission(permit)．
go ahead 前进；走在前面；进行，开展；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
(教材P18)Not at all.Go right ahead.
不介意。请问吧。
go against 违背，反对；对……不利(无被动式)
go by (时间)过去
go over 审查；查阅；复习
go through 遭受；经历；通过
①—Could I use your computer tonight?
——我今天晚上能用你的电脑吗？
—Sure, go ahead. I’m not using it anyhow.
——当然可以，用吧。反正我也不用。
②Although the manager is ill, the meeting will go ahead as planned.
尽管经理生病了，会议仍将按计划进行。
[即学即练]——用go的相关短语填空
①This sports meeting will be a valuable memory for all of us as time goes by．
②By working hard she went ahead of the rest of the class.
③Jack was determined not to go against his father’s wishes.
④She went through a lot of hardships in her childhood.
by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心
(教材P18)As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.
事实上，我是无意间来到英国的。
by accident＝by chance 偶然地；意外地
by design＝on purpose 故意地；蓄意地
by mistake 错误地
①It was by accident that I found the novel written by Yang Jiang.
我是无意中发现了杨绛写的这本小说。
②You should forgive him.After all, he broke your glasses by accident.
你应该原谅他。毕竟，他是不小心打碎了你的眼镜。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①I don’t know whether they did it by accident or by design(是无意还是故意)．
②I apologize to you for taking your book by mistake(错误地)．
stare vi.凝视；盯着看
(经典例句)I stared at the door and wondered why she didn’t turn up.
我盯着门口看，想知道她为什么没有出现。
stare at 凝视；盯着看
stare sb.up and down 上下打量某人
stare sb.in the face 盯着某人的脸看
①Everybody has weaknesses, but one of his weaknesses is that he likes staring at others.
每个人都有缺点，但他的一个缺点是他喜欢盯着别人看。
②The child stared the stranger up and down.
那孩子上下打量着这个陌生人。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①The little boy stared his mother up and down(上下打量他的母亲) as if she were a stranger.
②Hearing what the boss said, the worker stared at him(盯着他看) and showed anger.
③I stared her in the face(盯着她的脸看) to see if she was lying.
fault n．过错；缺点；故障
(教材P18)It was all my fault. 这都是我的错。
it’s one’s fault 是某人的错
find fault with... 对……不满；挑剔
①He lost his job, but it was his own fault for telling lies.
他丢了工作，但那是他自己撒谎的错。
②My mother could always find fault with something, either in my diet or in my study.
我母亲总能挑出什么毛病来，不是我的饮食就是我的学习。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He is proud of his children and blind to their faults(fault)．
②As far as I’m concerned, almost nobody can find fault with his speech.
spot vt.发现；认出；(使某物)有斑点或污点
n．斑点；污点；地点
(教材P18) The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
(1)spot sb.doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
be spotted by 被……认出来；被……发现
be spotted with 满是……斑点；被……点缀
(2)on the spot 当场；在现场；立即
①He is very tall and can be easily spotted in the crowd.
他个子很高，在人群中很容易被认出。
②The man tried to get away with stealing, but he was caught on the spot.
那个男子偷了东西试图逃脱，但被当场抓住。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He spotted a man entering(enter) the spot where a heated discussion was on.
②Although she wore a pair of sunglasses, she was spotted(spot) by the media reporters.
③He was dressed in a coat, which was spotted(spot) with stars.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)此外，一些著名艺术家现场表演如何剪纸。
In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot．
account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．说明；理由；计算；账目
(教材P18)The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.
事实上，我靠做义工来挣船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因。
(1)account for 是……的原因；解释；导致；
占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于，因为
take account of＝take...into account/consideration
考虑……
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用
部分倒装)
give an account of 描述
①You’ll have to account for why you told a lie to me.
你必须向我解释你为什么向我撒谎。
②Please remind me to go to the bank to open an account this afternoon.
请提醒我今天下午去银行开个账户。
[链接写作]——完成句子/词汇升级
①She has been working hard day and night, which accounts for(解释) her pale face.
②We put off the sports meeting on account of(由于) the bad weather.
③He was too shocked to give an account of(描述) what had happened on the spot.
④普通表达：(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
高级表达：I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into consideration/account．
on account of的同义短语有because of, thanks to, as a result of等。
seek vt.& vi.寻找；探索；寻求；
追求，谋求(sought, sought)
(经典例句)You ought to seek advice from your teacher when you get into trouble in school.
在学校有困难时，你应该向老师寻求建议。
seek after 寻求；追求
seek for 寻找；探求
seek to do sth.＝try to do sth. 打算/试图做某事
seek sth.from... 从……中寻求
seek out 找出，找到
①He sought out his friend in the crowd.
他在人群中找到了他的朋友。
②I am always seeking to win back his trust.
我一直设法重新获得他的信任。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The shopkeeper is trying to seek for a better way to win his customers back, perhaps with a discount.
②They managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
③When the thief sought(seek) to enter the room, a cough frightened him away.
patience n．耐性；忍耐(常与with搭配)
(经典例句)Her endless patience made her the best nurse in the hospital.
无限的耐心使她成为这个医院最好的护士。
(1)with patience 耐心地
be out of patience with 对……忍无可忍
lose one’s patience with 对……失去耐心
(2)be patient with 对……有耐心，容忍
①The businessman answered all my questions with patience.
这名企业家耐心地回答了我所有的问题。
②You ought to have patience when others consult you.
当别人向你请教时，你应该有耐心。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50% can the patients(patient) be treated properly in this hospital.
②He is the only teacher that usually helps me with patience(patient). Now, I have made great progress in my math.
③She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while listening patiently(patient)．
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(教材P18)Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，将近傍晚时，我发现我被一阵强风刮到海上去了。
find oneself...“发现自己处于某种境地”，而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思。“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构形式归纳：
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
①When he arrived, he found all the work finished.
当他到达时，他发现所有的工作都完成了。
②After I arrived in America, I found myself living in a completely foreign culture.
我来到美国后，发现自己生活在完全陌生的文化中。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①When he came to himself, he found himself locked(lock) in the room.
②Some students find it not easy to understand(understand) English grammar.
had just done...when...是固定句式，意为“刚做完某事，这时……”
(教材P18)The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
had just done...when...是固定句式，意为“刚做完某事，这时……”。类似句式有：
be doing...when... 正在做……这时/突然……
be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...
正要做……这时……
①He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.
他刚做完作业这时母亲要求他弹钢琴。
②I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.
在我正要放弃的时候，我父亲来了并且鼓励我要坚持。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I was driving(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
②I was about to go(go) out when it began to rain.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③他刚讲完话，就被兴奋的工人们团团围住了。
He had just finished his speech when he was surrounded by the excited workers.
[学生用书P53]
品句填词
1．Mr. Green experienced a lot of adventures(冒险) in his whole life as a sailor.
2．I think I should practise from time to time to avoid such a(n) scene(场景)．
3．You needn’t have made apologies to Jackson, because it was all his fault(过错)．
4．He is the author(作者) of three books on art.
5．Visitors are not permitted(允许) to touch anything without permission.
6．Scientists sought(寻找) for a solution to the mystery, but they didn’t find it.
7．On reaching the station，the passenger found someone in rags wandering(游荡) around the station.
8．As soon as he finished the letter，he took out of the envelope(信封) at once.
9．If the young man upstairs doesn’t stop making that noise, I’m going to lose my patience(耐心)．
10．Some famous and wealthy businessmen(商人) announced that they would give most of their money away to charities.
完成句子
1．罗斯发现自己被带到了一间大厅里，大厅的墙壁上有好几幅画。
Rose found herself taken to a big hall, and there were several paintings on the walls of the hall.
2．在去大连的路上，他收到一封来自他妻子的邮件。
On his way to Dalian, he received an email from his wife.
3．屋子里有点冷。不知你是否介意我关上窗户。
It is a little cold in the room. I wonder if you would mind me closing the window.
4．海伦几乎一放下手机就后悔拒绝了彼得请她参加聚会的邀请。
Helen had just about put down her cellphone when she regretted refusing Peter’s invitation to the party.
5．正是那两位百万富翁帮助亨利摆脱了困境。
It was the two millionaires that/who helped Henry out of trouble.
6．西蒙爱你——那是他为什么要和你在一起的原因。
Simon loves you—that’s why/that is why he wants to be with you.
课文语法填空
Henry Adams, a man from San Francisco, sailed out of the bay by boat. Towards nightfall he found himself carried out to sea 1.by a strong wind. The next morning he’d just about given himself up for lost when he 2.was spotted(spot) by a ship. Then he earned his passage by 3.working(work) as an unpaid hand, which accounted for his 4.appearance(appear) in London. He then went to the American embassy 5.to seek(seek) help, but got refused.
One day, Henry 6.was wandering(wander) on the pavement when two wealthy brothers invited him into their house, 7.where they asked him some questions. Henry answered 8.them(they) politely. Knowing that Henry was penniless, they were very happy. They finally found the 9.suitable(suit) person for their bet on whether a man could survive a month in London with a million pound bank note.
The two brothers gave Henry a letter. They asked him not to open the letter until 2 o’clock . In 10.the end, Henry left the house with the letter.
[学生用书P119(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I was wandering(wander) in the street when I heard someone calling me.
2．The film contained some touching scenes(scene) and Nancy was deeply moved.
3．You’ll need patience(patient) and understanding if you’re going to be a teacher.
4．The police spotted(spot) someone coming out of the building yesterday morning.
5．Weather permitting(permit), we will go to the nature park this weekend.
6．Mike sought(seek) help from his friends when he was in trouble, but they turned him down.
7．The young driver, whether by accident or on purpose, took a sudden turn to the left.
8．Alice stared at the empty bottle for a while, feeling happy that she had sent the butterfly back to nature.
9．As is known to all，Mark Twain was one of the greatest authors(author) in America and in the world as well.
10．My brother told me that he found a girl waiting(wait) for me at the gate, but when I went there I found her gone(go)．
阅读理解
A
Living abroad is not for everyone.Though it can certainly be a fun and exciting experience，it can also be filled with difficulties.Before you book the plane ticket，it’s a good idea to think carefully about living abroad.
If you’ve lived in the same town for most of your life，a new place full of new food and things can seem like a dream comes true.Your free time will be filled with exploration and sightseeing.You’ll have the opportunity to experience places much older than the United States.However，that feeling will become less and you may find yourself wishing you could just turn on the TV and watch old TV series in English or eat your favorite American meal.
Americans in Europe and South America often find that medical care is both cheaper and easier to get than in the United States.For example，everyone can get a dental(牙齿的) checkup for only around $20 in Turkey.However，you may be disappointed by the lack of familiar medicines.And you may not be able to read the instructions.
The work that the ordinary Americans can do abroad usually pays better than what the ordinary locals do.A full-time teaching job in Ukraine，for example，can help you live a very rich life.However，if you become bored with your position，other job choices are somewhat limited unless you speak the local language as well as English.Moreover，you will probably find that some benefits don’t exist for foreigners.
When you live abroad，opportunities for international travel increase greatly.You may be able to take a day trip across the border from your apartment in Budapest to a concert in Vienna or take a boat to Montevideo for a night out after work in Buenos Aires.However，your money may not allow especially comfortable travel and you may have to stay in inexpensive hotels，cook your own food and take long-distance land transportation.
【解题导语】 美国人如果搬去国外居住有利也有弊，本文列举了一些利弊。
1．According to Paragraph 2，how may one feel at first when living abroad?
A．Bored. B．Excited.
C．Frightened. D．Concerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的If you’ve lived in the same town for most of your life，a new place full of new food and things can seem like a dream comes true.可知，一开始在国外的生活让你感觉像是梦想实现了，这很令人兴奋。
2．What does the example in Paragraph 3 show?
A．Seeing a doctor is quite cheap abroad.
B．It’s much better to live in the United States.
C．A dental checkup abroad is not convenient.
D．Most Americans can’t afford dental checkups.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的everyone can get a dental(牙齿的) checkup for only around $20 in Turkey可知，这个例子表明在国外就医很便宜。
3．What does the author think is a disadvantage of Americans’ working abroad?
A．They’re usually paid lower than the locals.
B．They must learn the local language quickly.
C．There are not many suitable positions for them.
D．They face too much competition with other Americans.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的However，if you become bored with your position，other job choices are somewhat limited unless you speak the local language as well as English.可知，在国外如果你不会说当地语言，那么你的职业选择就很少。
4．Who is the text written for?
A．Americans living abroad.
B．Foreigners living in the U．S.
C．Americans traveling abroad.
D．Americans planning to live abroad.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Before you book the plane ticket，it’s a good idea to think carefully about living abroad.可知，本文主要是针对那些计划搬去国外居住的美国人写的。
B
It’s a book about friendship, loyalty(忠诚), and teamwork. It will make you laugh and cry, and give you hope.
Co-written by Jessica Kensky and her husband, Patrick Downes, the new picture book, Rescue&Jessica: A Life-Changing Friendship, tells the story of a girl named Jessica who is dealing with the loss of her leg. Rescue, her service dog, discovers that he can be a good friend and help Jessica get through hard times.
The book is illustrated(作插图) by Scott Magoon, whose drawings show Rescue working alongside Jessica. “He can pick up the phone to bring it to her if she needs it，” Magoon said. “He can even open doors for her or call for help if she’s in trouble.”
The story does not discuss the bombing attack(炸弹袭击) at the Boston Marathon in 2013, which took place at the finish line, killing three people and injuring hundreds of others. But readers learn in the authors’ note that Downes and Kensky were among those injured. Kensky lost both legs, and Downes lost his left leg.
It took two years to write Rescue&Jessica, and two more to publish(出版) it. “The best part was having a good distraction(分散注意力的事物) from the really hard time I was having during my recovery，” Kensky said.
Downes described how Rescue has helped the couple.“When we’re sad, he makes funny sounds and makes us laugh，” Downes said. “He’s also there to help us celebrate good times. If you have a friend, things might be hard, but you can overcome it together.”
Downes and Kensky and their picture book speak for “Boston Strong”. Downes explained the term：“It brought people together after the bombing and brought out the best in everyone. When people needed it the most, we took care of each other.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍并简单评论了一本绘本故事书。
5．What happened to Jessica in the book?
A．She lost one of her legs.
B．She saved a service dog.
C．She was injured during an attack.
D．She was forced to leave her friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的the story of a girl named Jessica who is dealing with the loss of her leg.可知，该绘本的主人公Jessica失去了一条腿。
6．What can we infer about the book?
A．It encourages people to be friendly to dogs.
B．It is based on the authors’ own experience.
C．It is especially helpful for people with special needs.
D．It places importance on having a good friend in life.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的a girl named Jessica who is...get through hard times和第四段中的Kensky lost both legs, and Downes lost his left leg.以及倒数第二段可知，绘本故事的情节与作者夫妇的经历相似，因此推断，该故事是基于作者的亲身经历创作的。
7．What did Kensky get from writing the book?
A．She became better prepared for hard times.
B．She felt it took her mind off her hardship.
C．She grew more interested in writing.
D．She became closer to Rescue.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中Kensky所说的话可知，创作并发表该书期间，她正处于康复期，写书分散了她的注意力，帮助她度过了痛苦的康复期。
8．What does the underlined word “overcome” in the last but one paragraph mean?
A．Realize. B．Understand.
C．Depend on. D．Get through.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由倒数第二段中的When we’re sad, he makes funny sounds and makes us laugh和He’s also there to help us celebrate good times.可知，主人不开心时，狗逗他们开心，同时也与他们一起庆祝美好时光。因此，Downes认为，身边有一个朋友陪伴，即使处境艰难，也能一起克服困难。
完形填空
Greenberg was a lucky guy on campus from Buffalo. But in the summer of 1960, Greenberg’s __1__ changed. He was playing baseball when his __2__ was steamed up(蒙上水汽). He had to lie on the grass until the __3__ went away. Back at school that fall, he didn’t think it was anything __4__．
On the first morning of finals, Greenberg went to the gym, where exams were __5__. By 10：30, he could hardly see anything. Greenberg had to receive the __6__. That winter, doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes, __7__ it didn’t work. Greenberg went __8__. He was so upset that he __9__ to see anyone and just stayed at home. Later, his roommate Garfunkel went to his __10__， tried to persuade(劝说) him and offered to be his __11__．
In September 1961, Greenberg __12__ to campus. Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him. However, he was still tentative(尝试的) about getting around __13__．
One afternoon, Greenberg and Garfunkel went outside. When it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus, Garfunkel said he had an appointment and had to leave. They __14__， and Garfunkel walked off. Greenberg took a train to Times Square, and he __15__ at the Columbia University stop. At the university’s gates, someone __16__ him. “Oops, excuse me, sir.” Greenberg knew the __17__. It was Garfunkel’s.
Greenberg was angry, but in the next second, he __18__ what he had just achieved and who had made it possible. He always __19__ everything due to the love of his friends. “You are talking，” Greenberg says today, “to the __20__ man in the world.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个失明的男孩在朋友的帮助下接纳自己、获得成功的故事。
1．A.life B．illness
C．dream D．behavior
A 解析：根据下文可知，Greenberg失明了，所以“生活”发生了变化。
2．A.sight B．mouth
C．feeling D．memory
A 解析：根据下文可知，Greenberg患上眼疾，“视觉”像是被水汽蒙上。
3．A.water B．sands
C．clouds D．gases
C 解析：根据上文的．..steamed up(蒙上水汽)．可知，Greenberg眼睛出现了问题，仿佛蒙上水汽，只能坐下来等眼前“云雾状”的东西散开。
4．A.meaningful B．hopeful
C．serious D．similar
C 解析：根据上下文可知，Greenberg眼睛出现了问题，他却认为不“严重”。
5．A.improved B．held
C．announced D．checked
B 解析：根据上文可知，考试在体育馆“举行”。
6．A.welcome B．score
C．treatment D．news
C 解析：根据上文Greenberg眼睛出现问题以及下文的．..doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes...可知，他必须接受“治疗”。
7．A.because B．thus
C．since D．but
D 解析：根据上文的．..doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes，以及下文的it didn’t work可知，医生为他的眼睛做手术，“但是”手术并不成功。
8．A.lost B．blind
C．upset D．angry
B 解析：根据上文的．..it didn’t work.可知，手术并不成功，Greenberg最终“失明”。
9．A.decided B．refused
C．stopped D．wanted
B 解析：根据上文的He was so upset...可知，Greenberg非常沮丧，“拒绝”见任何人。
10．A.heart B．school
C．hospital D．house
D 解析：根据上文可知，Greenberg在失明后不想见任何人只是待在家里，所以之后他的室友去他的“家”劝他。
11．A.writer B．teacher
C．doctor D．reader
D 解析：根据下文的．..read textbooks to him.可知，他的室友为他朗读课文，做他的“朗读者”。
12．A.rode B．pointed
C．escaped D．returned
D 解析：根据下文的When it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus...可知，Greenberg“返回”校园。
13．A.alone B．behind
C．late D．straight
A 解析：根据语境以及上文的Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him. However, he was still tentative(真诚的) about getting around...可知，他有三个朋友主动为他朗读课文，但是他仍然尝试着“独自”行动。
14．A.discussed B．cried
C．fought D．argued
D 解析：根据上下文可知，Greenberg和Garfunkel一起外出，但是Garfunkel有约会想要去其他的地方，后来Garfunkel离开了， Greenberg独自乘车，由此推出，两人发生了“争吵”。
15．A.got off B．got on
C．walked over D．wandered around
A 解析：根据上文的．..it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus...可知，Greenberg要回学校，所以他在哥伦比亚大学站“下车”。
16．A.smiled to B．came across
C．knocked into D．found out
C 解析：根据下文的Oops，excuse me, sir.可知，有人“撞了”Greenberg，给他道歉。
17．A.mouth B．voice
C．noise D．smile
B 解析：根据上文以及语境可知，Greenberg失明，可以通过听声音来识别他人，所以他知道这个“声音”。
18．A.realized B．reported
C．ignored D．recorded
A 解析：根据下文的．..what he had just achieved and who had made it possible.可知，Greenberg “意识”到了自己取得了的成就以及是谁使得这些变成现实。
19．A.touches B．sees
C．wishes D．orders
B 解析：根据语境以及上文可知，Greenberg失明后，是朋友一直帮助他，朋友的爱使他“看见”了一切。
20．A.poorest B．kindest
C．luckiest D．cleverest
C 解析：根据语境以及上文可知，Greenberg认为自己是世界上最“幸运”的人。
课件53张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit 1 Friendship按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P53]
品句填词
1．Mr. Green experienced a lot of adventures(冒险) in his whole life as a sailor.
2．I think I should practise from time to time to avoid such a(n) scene(场景)．
3．You needn’t have made apologies to Jackson, because it was all his fault(过错)．
4．He is the author(作者) of three books on art.
5．Visitors are not permitted(允许) to touch anything without permission.
6．Scientists sought(寻找) for a solution to the mystery, but they didn’t find it.
7．On reaching the station，the passenger found someone in rags wandering(游荡) around the station.
8．As soon as he finished the letter，he took out of the envelope(信封) at once.
9．If the young man upstairs doesn’t stop making that noise, I’m going to lose my patience(耐心)．
10．Some famous and wealthy businessmen(商人) announced that they would give most of their money away to charities.
完成句子
1．罗斯发现自己被带到了一间大厅里，大厅的墙壁上有好几幅画。
Rose found herself taken to a big hall, and there were several paintings on the walls of the hall.
2．在去大连的路上，他收到一封来自他妻子的邮件。
On his way to Dalian, he received an email from his wife.
3．屋子里有点冷。不知你是否介意我关上窗户。
It is a little cold in the room. I wonder if you would mind me closing the window.
4．海伦几乎一放下手机就后悔拒绝了彼得请她参加聚会的邀请。
Helen had just about put down her cellphone when she regretted refusing Peter’s invitation to the party.
5．正是那两位百万富翁帮助亨利摆脱了困境。
It was the two millionaires that/who helped Henry out of trouble.
6．西蒙爱你——那是他为什么要和你在一起的原因。
Simon loves you—that’s why/that is why he wants to be with you.
课文语法填空
Henry Adams, a man from San Francisco, sailed out of the bay by boat. Towards nightfall he found himself carried out to sea 1.by a strong wind. The next morning he’d just about given himself up for lost when he 2.was spotted(spot) by a ship. Then he earned his passage by 3.working(work) as an unpaid hand, which accounted for his 4.appearance(appear) in London. He then went to the American embassy 5.to seek(seek) help, but got refused.
One day, Henry 6.was wandering(wander) on the pavement when two wealthy brothers invited him into their house, 7.where they asked him some questions. Henry answered 8.them(they) politely. Knowing that Henry was penniless, they were very happy. They finally found the 9.suitable(suit) person for their bet on whether a man could survive a month in London with a million pound bank note.
The two brothers gave Henry a letter. They asked him not to open the letter until 2 o’clock . In 10.the end, Henry left the house with the letter.
[学生用书P119(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．I was wandering(wander) in the street when I heard someone calling me.
2．The film contained some touching scenes(scene) and Nancy was deeply moved.
3．You’ll need patience(patient) and understanding if you’re going to be a teacher.
4．The police spotted(spot) someone coming out of the building yesterday morning.
5．Weather permitting(permit), we will go to the nature park this weekend.
6．Mike sought(seek) help from his friends when he was in trouble, but they turned him down.
7．The young driver, whether by accident or on purpose, took a sudden turn to the left.
8．Alice stared at the empty bottle for a while, feeling happy that she had sent the butterfly back to nature.
9．As is known to all，Mark Twain was one of the greatest authors(author) in America and in the world as well.
10．My brother told me that he found a girl waiting(wait) for me at the gate, but when I went there I found her gone(go)．
阅读理解
A
Living abroad is not for everyone.Though it can certainly be a fun and exciting experience，it can also be filled with difficulties.Before you book the plane ticket，it’s a good idea to think carefully about living abroad.
If you’ve lived in the same town for most of your life，a new place full of new food and things can seem like a dream comes true.Your free time will be filled with exploration and sightseeing.You’ll have the opportunity to experience places much older than the United States.However，that feeling will become less and you may find yourself wishing you could just turn on the TV and watch old TV series in English or eat your favorite American meal.
Americans in Europe and South America often find that medical care is both cheaper and easier to get than in the United States.For example，everyone can get a dental(牙齿的) checkup for only around $20 in Turkey.However，you may be disappointed by the lack of familiar medicines.And you may not be able to read the instructions.
The work that the ordinary Americans can do abroad usually pays better than what the ordinary locals do.A full-time teaching job in Ukraine，for example，can help you live a very rich life.However，if you become bored with your position，other job choices are somewhat limited unless you speak the local language as well as English.Moreover，you will probably find that some benefits don’t exist for foreigners.
When you live abroad，opportunities for international travel increase greatly.You may be able to take a day trip across the border from your apartment in Budapest to a concert in Vienna or take a boat to Montevideo for a night out after work in Buenos Aires.However，your money may not allow especially comfortable travel and you may have to stay in inexpensive hotels，cook your own food and take long-distance land transportation.
【解题导语】 美国人如果搬去国外居住有利也有弊，本文列举了一些利弊。
1．According to Paragraph 2，how may one feel at first when living abroad?
A．Bored. B．Excited.
C．Frightened. D．Concerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的If you’ve lived in the same town for most of your life，a new place full of new food and things can seem like a dream comes true.可知，一开始在国外的生活让你感觉像是梦想实现了，这很令人兴奋。
2．What does the example in Paragraph 3 show?
A．Seeing a doctor is quite cheap abroad.
B．It’s much better to live in the United States.
C．A dental checkup abroad is not convenient.
D．Most Americans can’t afford dental checkups.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的everyone can get a dental(牙齿的) checkup for only around $20 in Turkey可知，这个例子表明在国外就医很便宜。
3．What does the author think is a disadvantage of Americans’ working abroad?
A．They’re usually paid lower than the locals.
B．They must learn the local language quickly.
C．There are not many suitable positions for them.
D．They face too much competition with other Americans.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的However，if you become bored with your position，other job choices are somewhat limited unless you speak the local language as well as English.可知，在国外如果你不会说当地语言，那么你的职业选择就很少。
4．Who is the text written for?
A．Americans living abroad.
B．Foreigners living in the U．S.
C．Americans traveling abroad.
D．Americans planning to live abroad.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Before you book the plane ticket，it’s a good idea to think carefully about living abroad.可知，本文主要是针对那些计划搬去国外居住的美国人写的。
B
It’s a book about friendship, loyalty(忠诚), and teamwork. It will make you laugh and cry, and give you hope.
Co-written by Jessica Kensky and her husband, Patrick Downes, the new picture book, Rescue&Jessica: A Life-Changing Friendship, tells the story of a girl named Jessica who is dealing with the loss of her leg. Rescue, her service dog, discovers that he can be a good friend and help Jessica get through hard times.
The book is illustrated(作插图) by Scott Magoon, whose drawings show Rescue working alongside Jessica. “He can pick up the phone to bring it to her if she needs it，” Magoon said. “He can even open doors for her or call for help if she’s in trouble.”
The story does not discuss the bombing attack(炸弹袭击) at the Boston Marathon in 2013, which took place at the finish line, killing three people and injuring hundreds of others. But readers learn in the authors’ note that Downes and Kensky were among those injured. Kensky lost both legs, and Downes lost his left leg.
It took two years to write Rescue&Jessica, and two more to publish(出版) it. “The best part was having a good distraction(分散注意力的事物) from the really hard time I was having during my recovery，” Kensky said.
Downes described how Rescue has helped the couple.“When we’re sad, he makes funny sounds and makes us laugh，” Downes said. “He’s also there to help us celebrate good times. If you have a friend, things might be hard, but you can overcome it together.”
Downes and Kensky and their picture book speak for “Boston Strong”. Downes explained the term：“It brought people together after the bombing and brought out the best in everyone. When people needed it the most, we took care of each other.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍并简单评论了一本绘本故事书。
5．What happened to Jessica in the book?
A．She lost one of her legs.
B．She saved a service dog.
C．She was injured during an attack.
D．She was forced to leave her friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的the story of a girl named Jessica who is dealing with the loss of her leg.可知，该绘本的主人公Jessica失去了一条腿。
6．What can we infer about the book?
A．It encourages people to be friendly to dogs.
B．It is based on the authors’ own experience.
C．It is especially helpful for people with special needs.
D．It places importance on having a good friend in life.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的a girl named Jessica who is...get through hard times和第四段中的Kensky lost both legs, and Downes lost his left leg.以及倒数第二段可知，绘本故事的情节与作者夫妇的经历相似，因此推断，该故事是基于作者的亲身经历创作的。
7．What did Kensky get from writing the book?
A．She became better prepared for hard times.
B．She felt it took her mind off her hardship.
C．She grew more interested in writing.
D．She became closer to Rescue.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中Kensky所说的话可知，创作并发表该书期间，她正处于康复期，写书分散了她的注意力，帮助她度过了痛苦的康复期。
8．What does the underlined word “overcome” in the last but one paragraph mean?
A．Realize. B．Understand.
C．Depend on. D．Get through.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由倒数第二段中的When we’re sad, he makes funny sounds and makes us laugh和He’s also there to help us celebrate good times.可知，主人不开心时，狗逗他们开心，同时也与他们一起庆祝美好时光。因此，Downes认为，身边有一个朋友陪伴，即使处境艰难，也能一起克服困难。
完形填空
Greenberg was a lucky guy on campus from Buffalo. But in the summer of 1960, Greenberg’s __1__ changed. He was playing baseball when his __2__ was steamed up(蒙上水汽). He had to lie on the grass until the __3__ went away. Back at school that fall, he didn’t think it was anything __4__．
On the first morning of finals, Greenberg went to the gym, where exams were __5__. By 10：30, he could hardly see anything. Greenberg had to receive the __6__. That winter, doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes, __7__ it didn’t work. Greenberg went __8__. He was so upset that he __9__ to see anyone and just stayed at home. Later, his roommate Garfunkel went to his __10__， tried to persuade(劝说) him and offered to be his __11__．
In September 1961, Greenberg __12__ to campus. Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him. However, he was still tentative(尝试的) about getting around __13__．
One afternoon, Greenberg and Garfunkel went outside. When it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus, Garfunkel said he had an appointment and had to leave. They __14__， and Garfunkel walked off. Greenberg took a train to Times Square, and he __15__ at the Columbia University stop. At the university’s gates, someone __16__ him. “Oops, excuse me, sir.” Greenberg knew the __17__. It was Garfunkel’s.
Greenberg was angry, but in the next second, he __18__ what he had just achieved and who had made it possible. He always __19__ everything due to the love of his friends. “You are talking，” Greenberg says today, “to the __20__ man in the world.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个失明的男孩在朋友的帮助下接纳自己、获得成功的故事。
1．A.life B．illness
C．dream D．behavior
A 解析：根据下文可知，Greenberg失明了，所以“生活”发生了变化。
2．A.sight B．mouth
C．feeling D．memory
A 解析：根据下文可知，Greenberg患上眼疾，“视觉”像是被水汽蒙上。
3．A.water B．sands
C．clouds D．gases
C 解析：根据上文的．..steamed up(蒙上水汽)．可知，Greenberg眼睛出现了问题，仿佛蒙上水汽，只能坐下来等眼前“云雾状”的东西散开。
4．A.meaningful B．hopeful
C．serious D．similar
C 解析：根据上下文可知，Greenberg眼睛出现了问题，他却认为不“严重”。
5．A.improved B．held
C．announced D．checked
B 解析：根据上文可知，考试在体育馆“举行”。
6．A.welcome B．score
C．treatment D．news
C 解析：根据上文Greenberg眼睛出现问题以及下文的．..doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes...可知，他必须接受“治疗”。
7．A.because B．thus
C．since D．but
D 解析：根据上文的．..doctors operated on Greenberg’s eyes，以及下文的it didn’t work可知，医生为他的眼睛做手术，“但是”手术并不成功。
8．A.lost B．blind
C．upset D．angry
B 解析：根据上文的．..it didn’t work.可知，手术并不成功，Greenberg最终“失明”。
9．A.decided B．refused
C．stopped D．wanted
B 解析：根据上文的He was so upset...可知，Greenberg非常沮丧，“拒绝”见任何人。
10．A.heart B．school
C．hospital D．house
D 解析：根据上文可知，Greenberg在失明后不想见任何人只是待在家里，所以之后他的室友去他的“家”劝他。
11．A.writer B．teacher
C．doctor D．reader
D 解析：根据下文的．..read textbooks to him.可知，他的室友为他朗读课文，做他的“朗读者”。
12．A.rode B．pointed
C．escaped D．returned
D 解析：根据下文的When it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus...可知，Greenberg“返回”校园。
13．A.alone B．behind
C．late D．straight
A 解析：根据语境以及上文的Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him. However, he was still tentative(真诚的) about getting around...可知，他有三个朋友主动为他朗读课文，但是他仍然尝试着“独自”行动。
14．A.discussed B．cried
C．fought D．argued
D 解析：根据上下文可知，Greenberg和Garfunkel一起外出，但是Garfunkel有约会想要去其他的地方，后来Garfunkel离开了， Greenberg独自乘车，由此推出，两人发生了“争吵”。
15．A.got off B．got on
C．walked over D．wandered around
A 解析：根据上文的．..it was time for Greenberg to go back to campus...可知，Greenberg要回学校，所以他在哥伦比亚大学站“下车”。
16．A.smiled to B．came across
C．knocked into D．found out
C 解析：根据下文的Oops，excuse me, sir.可知，有人“撞了”Greenberg，给他道歉。
17．A.mouth B．voice
C．noise D．smile
B 解析：根据上文以及语境可知，Greenberg失明，可以通过听声音来识别他人，所以他知道这个“声音”。
18．A.realized B．reported
C．ignored D．recorded
A 解析：根据下文的．..what he had just achieved and who had made it possible.可知，Greenberg “意识”到了自己取得了的成就以及是谁使得这些变成现实。
19．A.touches B．sees
C．wishes D．orders
B 解析：根据语境以及上文可知，Greenberg失明后，是朋友一直帮助他，朋友的爱使他“看见”了一切。
20．A.poorest B．kindest
C．luckiest D．cleverest
C 解析：根据语境以及上文可知，Greenberg认为自己是世界上最“幸运”的人。
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1.amount n． 数量
2.manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式
3.scream vi. 尖声叫
n. 尖叫声；喊叫声
4.rag n． 破布；碎布
5.indeed adv. 真正地；确实；实在
6.bow vi.& n. 鞠躬；弯腰
拓展词汇
7.unbelievable adj.难以置信的→believable adj.相信的→believe v．相信
8.rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的→rudeness n．无礼
阅读词汇
9.steak n． (供煎、烤的)肉块；
鱼排；牛排
10.pineapple n. 菠萝
11.dessert n. 餐后甜点
12.fake n． 假货；欺骗
adj. 假的
13.barber n. 理发师
重点短语
1.take a chance 冒险
2.in rags 衣衫褴褛
3.as for 关于；至于
4.a large amount of 大量的
5.take one’s order 点菜
6.from the bottom of one’s heart 从心底
重点句型
1.“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语：Well, I did hear that(确实听说) the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount...
2.whenever引导状语从句：You must come whenever you want(无论你什么时候想来) and have whatever you like.
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Why did Henry ask for more of the same food?
A．Because he was an American who liked to eat a lot.
B．Because he wanted others to know he had much money.
C．Because he was too hungry.
D．Because he ordered food for other poor people.
2．Henry asked the waiter to wait for a few minutes to________．
A．keep his promise
B．show his wealth
C．make an excuse
D．make fun of the waiter
3．When did the hostess and the owner change their attitude to Henry?
A．At the beginning of the story.
B．Before they saw the bank note.
C．At the end of the story.
D．After they saw the bank note.
4．At the sight of the bank note, the owner and the waiter got very________．
A．frightened B．angry
C．worried D．shocked
答案：1－4.CADD
①at a table在桌旁
at table在进餐
②reserve vt.预订，预约
③take one’s order给某人点菜
④steak[steIk]n.(供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排
⑤pineapple dessert 菠萝甜点
pineapple['paIn?pl]n.菠萝
dessert[dI'z??t]n.餐后甜点
注意：形近词desert['dez?t]n.沙漠；荒漠；荒原
⑥amount[?'ma?nt]n.数量
a large amount of＋不可数名词，表示“大量的……”，
作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
⑦another beer＝another
glass of beer意为“再来一杯啤酒”。
有些物质名词在表达相同意思时，可转化为可数名词，如：a coffee 一杯咖啡，a tea 一杯茶。
⑧take a chance冒险
⑨in a rude manner用粗鲁的方式
rude[ru?d]adj.粗鲁的；无礼的
be rude to sb.对某人粗鲁
manner['m?n?]n.
礼貌；举止；方式
in a．..manner以……的举止(态度)
⑩take care of sth.负责/处理某事
take care of sb.＝look after sb.照顾/照料某人
?scream[skri?m]vi.
尖声叫
n．尖叫声；喊叫声
?put a hand to one’s mouth用手捂住某人的嘴
?genuine['d?enj?In]adj.真的；真诚的
?issue['Isju?]vt.& vi.发行(钞票等)；发布(命令)；出版(杂志等)
?fake[feIk]n.假货；欺骗 adj.假的
?pay attention to注意
attention为不可数名词，所以用much来修饰。
?rag[r?ɡ]n.破布；碎布
in rags衣衫褴褛
介词in后面接颜色或衣物等名词时，意为“穿着，戴着”。
?for the first time第一次(用作状语)
?change vt.把……换成零钱
?indeed[In'di?d]adv.
真正地；确实；实在
(as for 关于；至于
用来引出新话题，后常接名词、代词或名词性短语。
(bow[ba?]vi.& n．鞠躬；弯腰
【核心素养链接】
英格兰银行(the Bank of England)是英国的中央银行，是全世界最大、最繁忙的金融机构。它代表政府发行货币，参与金融市场活动，并对金融市场进行干预和调节。
THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE
Act Ⅰ，Scene 4
(Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the envelope without opening it and decides to go in.He sits down at a table① next to the front window.)
OWNER：(seeing Henry’s poor appearance)That one’s reserved②. This way，please.(to the waiter) Take this gentleman’s order③， Horace.
HENRY：(after sitting down and putting the letter on the table)I’d like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak④.Make it extra thick. I’d also like a cup of coffee and a pineapple dessert⑤.
◆Make it extra thick.是祈使句，为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。其中extra为副词，修饰形容词thick。
WAITER：Right，sir.I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount⑥ of money.
HENRY：I understand.And I’ll have a large glass of beer.
WAITER：OK.(The waiter leaves and soon returns with all the food.)
HOSTESS：My goodness! Why, look at him.He eats like a wolf.
◆why在口语中可作感叹词，意为“哎呀，嗨，呦，哟”，表示惊讶或不耐烦等，这是一种过时的用法。
OWNER：We’ll see if he’s clever as a wolf, eh?
◆此处为if引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语。
HENRY：(having just finished every bit of food )Ah，waiter.(the waiter returns) Same thing again，please.Oh，and another beer⑦.
WAITER：Again? Everything?
HENRY：Yes，that’s right.(sees the look on the waiter’s face) Anything wrong?
◆Anything wrong？为Is there anything wrong？的省略形式，意为“有什么不对吗？”。
WAITER：No，not at all.(to the owner)He’s asked for more of the same.
OWNER：Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot. Well，we’ll have to take a chance⑧. Go ahead and let him have it .
◆it is well-known that...意为“众所周知……”，是常用句型。it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
WAITER：(reading the bill after the meal ) All right.That’s two orders of ham and eggs，two extra thick steaks，two large glasses of beer，two cups of coffee and two desserts.
HENRY：(looking at the clock on the wall ) Would you mind waiting just a few minutes?
◆Would you mind doing sth.？是提出请求或建议的常用句型，意为“你介意做某事吗？”，即“请你做某事好吗？”。
WAITER：(in a rude manner⑨)What’s there to wait for?
◆What’s there to wait for？意为“还等什么？”，动词不定式短语to wait for作what的定语，直译：有什么可等的？
OWNER：All right，Horace.I’ll take care ofB10 this.
HENRY：(to owner)That was a wonderful meal. It’s amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life, especially if you can’t have them for a while.
◆在It’s amazing how much...in life中，It为形式主语，how much...in life为主语从句，you get out of the simple things in life为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰pleasure。
OWNER：Yes，very interesting.Now perhaps，sir，if you pay your bill I can help the other customers.
HENRY：(looking at the clock on the wall again)Well，I see it’s two o’clock.(he opens the envelope and holds a million pound bank note in his hands.Henry is surprised but the owner and the waiter are shocked ) I’m very sorry.But ...I ...I don’t have anything smaller.
OWNER：(still shocked and nervous)Well ...er ...just one moment. Maggie, look! (the hostess screams?，the other customers look at her and she puts a hand to her mouth?) Do you think it’s genuine?？
◆just one moment是just wait for one moment的省略形式。戏剧语言的特点是简洁和口语化。因此，本文使用了大量的省略句。
HOSTESS：Oh, dear, I don’t know.I simply don’t know.
OWNER：Well, I did hear that the Bank of England had issued? two notes in this amount...Anyway，I don’t think it can be a fake?. People would pay too much attention to? a bank note of this amount.No thief would want that to happen.
HOSTESS：But he’s in rags?！
OWNER：Perhaps he’s a very strange，rich man.(as if he has discovered something for the first time?) Why，yes! That must be it!
HOSTESS：(hits her husband’s arm) And you put him in the back of the restaurant! Go and see him at once.
OWNER：(to Henry)I’m so sorry，sir，so sorry, but I cannot change? this bank note.
HENRY：But it’s all I have on me．
◆it’s all I have on me意为“我身上就只带了这些”，all在句中作表语，其后的I have on me为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词all。have sth. on sb.意为“某人身上带了某物”。
OWNER：Oh, please，don’t worry，sir.Doesn’t matter at all. We’re so very glad that you even entered our little eating place.Indeed?， sir, I hope you’ll come here whenever you like．◆Doesn’t matter at all.意为“一点也没关系。”，本句省略了主语It。
◆whenever you like是whenever引导的时间状语从句。
HENRY：Well，that’s very kind of you.
OWNER：Kind，sir? No，it’s kind of you.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour! As for( the bill, sir，please forget it.
◆whatever you like是whatever引导的宾语从句，作have的宾语。
◆having...here作句子的主语，v.-ing作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
HENRY：Forget it? Well...thank you very much.That’s very nice of you.
OWNER：Oh，it’s for us to thank you，sir and I do，sir，from the bottom of my heart.(The owner，the hostess and the waiter all bow(as Henry leaves.)
百万英镑
第1幕，第4场
(在一家餐馆外边，亨利看了看信封，没有打开它，然后决定走进餐馆。他在靠近前窗的一张桌子旁坐了下来。)
老 板：(看了看亨利的穷酸相)那张桌子有人订了。请到这边来。(面向服务员)霍勒斯，来给这位先生点菜。
亨 利：(坐下并把信放在桌子上后)我要火腿加鸡蛋，再来一大块牛排，要特厚的。我还要一杯咖啡和一份菠萝甜点。
服 务 员：好的，先生。恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。
亨 利：我明白。我还要一大杯啤酒。
服 务 员：好的。(服务员离开了，很快又回来把所有的食物端了上来。)
老 板 娘：天哪！呦，你看他，吃起东西来就像一头狼。
老 板：瞧着吧，看他是不是像狼一样机灵。嗯？
亨 利：(刚吃完了所有的东西)喂，服务员。(服务员过来了)同样的东西再来一份，呃，再来一杯啤酒。
服 务 员：请再说一遍，每样东西都再来一份吗？
亨 利：是，没错。(看着服务员脸上的表情)有什么不对吗？
服 务 员：没，没什么不对。(面向店主)他又要一份同样的食物。
老 板：嗯，众所周知，美国人喜欢吃很多。哦，我们得冒点儿风险。去吧，让他吃吧。
服 务 员：(饭后念账单)好了。两份火腿加鸡蛋，两份特厚的牛排，两大杯啤酒，两杯咖啡和两份甜点。
亨 利：(看了看墙上的钟)请等几分钟，好吗？
服 务 员：(很不耐烦地)还等什么？
老 板：霍勒斯，行啦，这由我来处理。
亨 利：(面向老板)这餐饭吃得真棒。从生活中如此简单的东西中竟能获得这么大的乐趣，真是令人吃惊，特别是当你有一段时间吃不到这些东西的时候。
老 板：是的，很有意思。先生，如果你现在付账的话，我就可以去招呼别的顾客了。
亨 利：(又看了看墙上的钟)好了，我看两点钟到了。(他把信封拆开，手里拿着一张百万英镑的钞票。亨利感到吃惊，但老板和服务员则是惊呆了)很抱歉，我……我没有小一点儿的钞票。
老 板：(仍旧惊讶且紧张)好……嗯，等一会儿。玛吉，来瞧瞧！(老板娘尖叫起来，其他顾客都望着她，于是，她用手捂住了嘴巴)你看这张钞票是真的吗？
老 板 娘：噢，天哪，我不知道，我真不知道。
老 板：哦，我确实听说英格兰银行发行了两张这种面值的钞票……不管怎样，我觉得这不可能是假钞。这么大面值的钞票会特别引人注意。
没有哪个小偷会想让这样的事发生。
老 板 娘：但是他穿得破破烂烂的！
老 板：或许他是一个非常怪异却富有的人。(他好像首次发现了什么东西似的)啊，对了！一定是这样的！
老 板 娘：(打了一下她丈夫的手臂)是你把他带到餐厅后面去的！还不马上去看看他！
老 板：(面向亨利)真对不起，先生，非常对不起，这张钞票我找不开。
亨 利：但我身上就只带了这些。
老 板：哎呀，先生，请别担心，这一点儿也没关系。我们非常高兴你能走进我们这家小餐馆。先生，真的，我希望你想来的时候随时光临这里。
亨 利：好的，你太好了。
老 板：我太好了，先生？不，是您太好了。您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。您就是在这儿坐一下也是(我们)莫大的荣幸！至于账单嘛，先生，请把它忘了吧。
亨 利：忘了它？喔……那就太谢谢了。你太好了。
老 板：啊，先生，该是我们谢谢您呢。先生，我从心底里感谢您。(当亨利离开的时候，老板、老板娘和服务员都向他鞠躬。)
amount n．数量；总数
vi.合计；相当于
(教材P22)I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount of money.
恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。
(1)a large amount of＋不可数名词＋谓语动词用单数
＝large amounts of＋不可数名词＋谓语动词用复数
大量的
(2)in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地
①Life in senior three is not all roses, because there are large amounts of homework and a great many examinations.
高三生活并不总是充满鲜花， 因为有大量的作业和考试。
②I suggest our teachers limit the amount of our homework so that we can have more time to read.
我建议老师限制作业的数量，这样我们就有更多的时间来阅读。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①A large amount of money is(be) to be spent in building a new bridge for the village.
②At that time, small amounts of land were used(use) for keeping animals.
表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a lot of等。
①a great deal of, a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词；
②a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；
③a lot of, plenty of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
take a chance/chances 冒险；尝试
(教材P22)Well, we’ll have to take a chance.
哦，我们得冒点儿风险。
(1)take a chance/chances to do sth. 冒险做某事
take one’s chance 碰运气
(2)Chance/The chance is that... 可能……
Chances/The chances are that... 可能……
There is a chance that... 可能……
①You should never take chances when driving a car.
开车时，千万别冒险。
②I know I’m in danger, but I’ll take a chance.
我知道我处境危险，但是我要冒一下险。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①At that time, education was only intended for white settlers and few black people had the chance to go(go) to school.
[链接写作]——完成句子
②There’s little chance that(可能性很小) the situation will improve.
rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的
(经典例句)It’s rude of you to speak with your mouth full.
说话时你满嘴食物是不礼貌的。
(1)be rude to sb. 对某人无礼/粗鲁
It is rude (of sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事
是粗鲁的/无礼的。
(2)rudeness n. 粗鲁
①It’s rude of you to stare at people.
你盯着人看是不礼貌的。
②Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.
只有当他为自己的粗鲁道歉时我才会再和他说话。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①In some European countries it is rude to arrive late for dinner.
②I’m writing to make an apologize to you for my rudeness(rude)．
manner n．方法，方式；态度；
(pl.)礼貌，规矩；举止
(经典例句)You shouldn’t speak to your parents in such a rude manner.
你不应该用那种粗鲁的方式和你的父母说话。
(1)in (an)．..manner 以……的方式
(2)manners 礼貌，礼仪；习俗
It’s good/bad manners to do sth.
做某事是有/无礼貌的
①We speak to each other in a friendly manner now.
我们现在以友好的方式交谈。
②In our childhood, our grandma used to remind us to mind our table manners.
在我们小时候，祖母经常提醒我们注意餐桌礼仪。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is bad manners(manner) to leave without saying goodbye.
②She answered in a businesslike manner, which surprised us all.
manner作“方式；举止”讲时，常用单数；而作“礼貌；习俗”讲时，常用复数。
in rags 衣衫褴褛(in是介词，表示穿的状态)
(教材P22)But he’s in rags!
但是他穿得破破烂烂的！
be in rags 穿着破旧的衣服(表状态)
be in a red shirt 穿着红色的衬衫(表状态)
be dressed in... 穿着……(表状态)
①They can’t believe the young man in rags should have a one million pound note.
他们无法相信衣衫褴褛的那个年轻人竟然拥有百万英镑。
②Walking in the street, I sometimes meet some children in rags who beg money from passers-by.
走在街上，我有时遇到衣衫褴褛向过路人乞讨钱的孩子。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The old man in rags begged from door to door.
②Dressed(dress) in red, the little girl looked very beautiful.
as for 关于；至于
(教材P22)As for the bill, sir, please forget it.
至于账单嘛，先生，请把它忘了吧。
as for＝as to 至于；关于
①As for the film, I don’t like it.
至于这部电影，我不喜欢。
②He’s very uncertain as to/for whether it’s the right job for him.
关于他是否适合做这项工作，他实在拿不准。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①关于健康生活，不同的人有着不同的观点。
As for the healthy life,different people have different opinions.
②至于这个提议，我会仔细考虑的。
As for the proposal,I will take it into careful account.
it is well-known that...众所周知……
(教材P22)Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.
嗯，众所周知，美国人喜欢吃很多。
(1)It is well-known that...众所周知……，是常用句型。it是形式主语，它指代that引导的主语从句；
(2)As is well-known...
as引导非限制性定语从句；
(3)What is well-known is that...
what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。
①It is well-known that the Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of the famous poet, Qu Yuan.
众所周知，端午节是纪念著名诗人屈原的。
②It is well-known that he is one of the best students in his class.
众所周知，他是他们班最好的学生之一。
[链接写作]——一句多译
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
①It is well-known that the earth travels around the sun.
②As is well-known,the earth travels around the sun.
③What is well-known is that the earth travels around the sun.
“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语
(教材P22)Well, I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount...
哦，我确实听说英格兰银行发行了两张这种面值的钞票……不管怎样，我觉得这不可能是假钞。
(1)句中did是强调词，其后接动词原形，表示对一般过去时的强调，意为“的确”。
(2)do/does＋动词原形，表示对一般现在时的强调。
①He did tell me about it yesterday.
他昨天的确告诉了我这件事。
②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I do hope you can visit the paper-cutting exhibition with me.
我的确希望你能和我一起参观这个剪纸展览。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I do hope you will take my suggestion into account.
②Listening to some soft music does relax your mood.
③He did finish the homework by himself last night.
[学生用书P58]
品句填词
1．In China, it is rude(无礼的) to put the chopsticks straight into a bowl of rice.
2．This computer stores a good amount(数量) of information, which is of great use to your research.
3．As the old saying goes, “A friend indeed(真正地) is a friend in need”．
4．It is unbelievable(难以置信的) that he has made such a big mistake.
5．They tried to seek(寻找) out little Peter among the crowd, but in vain.
6．When the tourists saw two dolphins dancing in the water, they couldn’t help screaming(尖叫)．
7．As a punishment, she was not permitted(许可) to attend any school activity.
8．The police will look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patience(耐心)．
9．Why are you talking in such a strange manner(方式)?
10．The singer bowed(鞠躬) to the excited audience once again and got off the stage.
选词填空
bring up; make a bet; stare at; on the contrary; as for; take a chance; from the bottom of one’s heart; in rags
1．Although brought up in a big city, Johnson is very interested in raising plants and animals.
2．You should know that I appreciate your support from the bottom of my heart．
3．She was sitting right across the table, staring at me, which made me embarrassed.
4．—Do you think listening should be cancelled from the English test?
—I don’t think so. On the contrary,greater importance should be attached to it.
5．The guide book didn’t mention the hotel, but we decided to take a chance．
6．Children in rags begged money from the tourists during my trip in that area.
7．As for science, we should try our best to catch up with the world’s highest level.
8．I made a bet with Peter on who would be the first to get to school tomorrow.
完成句子
1．他们说他们将做任何他们能做的事情来帮助这个生病的男孩。
They said they would do whatever they could to help the sick boy.
2．每当我看见这本书，我就想起了我的朋友汤姆。
I will think of my friend Tom whenever I see the book．
3．众所周知，多数美国人一生做好几份工作。
It is well-known that most Americans do several jobs in their whole lives.
4．当苏先生苏醒过来时，他发现自己被带到了一个小树林的中间。
When Mr. Su came to himself, he found himself taken to the middle of a small forest.
5．衣着不当是不礼貌的。
It is bad manners to be dressed badly.(manner)
课文语法填空
Henry went into a restaurant and sat down at a table next 1.to the front window. The owner of the restaurant said the table 2.had been reserved(reserve) and asked a waiter to take Henry’s order.
Henry ordered a lot of food and the waiter couldn’t help 3.reminding(remind) him that it would cost 4.a large amount of money. Henry was so hungry 5.that he ate up all the food quickly and asked for 6.more(much) of the same. The waiter 7.was(be) afraid that Henry couldn’t afford it, but the owner decided to take a chance. After the meal, the waiter treated Henry 8.impolitely(impolite), and then the owner asked Henry to pay his bill. Henry looked at the clock on the wall and thought it was time 9.to open(open) the envelope.
When Henry opened it and saw the million pound bank note, he was 10.surprised(surprise) but the owner and the waiter were shocked. The owner told Henry that he needn’t pay the bill and hoped that he would come to his restaurant whenever he wanted.
[学生用书P121(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．It is unbelievable(believe) that Johnson should have won first place in the math contest.
2．So far, large amounts of money have been spent(spend) on that big project.
3．William was studying in his room when he heard someone screaming(scream)．
4．The actors bowed(bow) to the audience as the performance was over.
5．It is considered good manners(manner) in some countries to leave a little food on your plate.
6．To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people supporting(support) the idea.
7．It is well-known that a good habit is the beginning of success.
8．It is time that the local companies sought(seek)for business opportunities in Europe.
9．It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others’ kindness and rudeness(rude)．
10．He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in.
阅读理解
A
This journey began this morning almost an hour later than I had planned，although I had completed my packing before eight o’clock.I was quite clear about the fact that once I left，my house would stand empty for probably the first time since the day it was built.It was a strange feeling and perhaps explains why I was leaving so late，walking around the house many times over，checking one last time to see that all was in order.
It is hard to explain my feelings once I did finally set off.As I drove further and further from the house，I found the surroundings(周围的事物) grow unrecognizable.I began to have a feeling of unease mixed with excitement.I took a turning and found myself on a road circling the edge of a hill.I could sense the steep(陡峭的) drop to my left.I felt a sense of alarm that I was perhaps not on the correct road at all，but speeding off in the wrong direction into a wilderness.It was only the feeling of a moment，but it caused me to slow down.And even when I was sure I was on the right road，I felt forced to stop the car a moment to think carefully.
I decided to step out and stretch(伸展) my legs a little.On the one side of the road，thickets and small trees rose sharply，while on the other I could now see the distant countryside and a town nearby.
I walked a little way along the roadside，when I heard a voice behind me.Until this point I had believed myself quite alone and I turned in some surprise.Sitting on the large stone was a thin，white-haired man.He called to me again and signaled me to join him.For a moment，I took him for a homeless man，but then I saw he was just some local man enjoying the fresh air and summer sunshine，and saw no reason not to do so.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在旅行途中复杂的情感。
1．Why did the author set off later than planned?
A．He repeatedly checked the house.
B．He was feeling sad about leaving the house.
C．Packing his belongings took longer than expected.
D．There was no one to help him get everything ready.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的perhaps explains why I was leaving so late，walking around the house many times over，checking one last time to see that all was in order可知，作者因为不断检查屋子因此导致动身较晚。这里需要注意B项，作者提到It was a strange feeling，但并没有说是因为离开家太伤感。
2．What caused the author to start driving more slowly?
A．The road had become steep.
B．He realized he was driving too fast.
C．The beautiful scenery attracted him.
D．He suddenly feared that he might get lost.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的I felt a sense of alarm that I was perhaps not on the correct road at all和it caused me to slow down可知，作者害怕自己走错路因此才开得慢了下来。
3．When the author walked out of his car，he________．
A．didn’t expect to see anyone
B．didn’t want to speak to anybody
C．didn’t know there was a town nearby
D．couldn’t see anything because of the trees
A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Until this point I had believed myself quite alone可知，作者以为就自己一个人在路上，没有想到会遇到任何人。
4．What was the author’s attitude to his trip?
A．He just wanted to finish it.
B．He felt unable to continue it.
C．He regretted having started it.
D．He had mixed feelings about it.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的It is hard to explain my feelings，I began to have a feeling of unease mixed with excitement以及stop the car a moment to think carefully可知，作者对于此次旅行情感复杂。
B
English language learners, also known as ELLs, are students with limited English abilities. American public school systems seek to develop programs to help such students improve their English. The goal is to give students the language skills they need to fully take part in educational activities and help them succeed in the classroom. Studies have shown clear connections between greater English-language abilities and improved educational results.
The state with the highest number of ELL students was California. Twenty-one percent of its public school students were English language learners in 2015. The next highest states were Texas and Nevada. Nearly 17 percent of both states’ students were ELLs. In eight states, ELLs made up 10 percent or more of the total public school students.
Thirty-six states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase—3 percent—was reported in Massachusetts. In 14 states, the percentage of ELLs fell in 2015 compared to 2010. The largest drop, which was 4 percent, was reported in the western state of Nevada.
About 77 percent of ELL students said they mainly spoke Spanish at home. Twenty-one percent of Spanish-speaking ELLs lived in California. Arabic is the second most common language spoken at home by ELL students. Chinese is the third most commonly spoken language by American ELL students. About 2 percent of the total—or about 101，000 students—identified(认定) themselves as Chinese speakers at home. About 81，000 ELL students reported speaking Vietnamese at home. That is 1.7 percent of all ELLs.
About 14 percent of ELLs lived in cities, the National Center for Education Statistics reported. Nine percent lived in suburban(郊区的) areas. And around 6.5 percent lived in small towns, while 3.6 percent were in the countryside.
Not surprisingly, most English language learners were in lower grade levels. In 2015, 67 percent of students were either in kindergarten or grades 1 through 5. The other 33 percent were in sixth through 12th grades.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国的很多公立学校里有很多英语不好的学生，他们的英语能力影响到了他们的学习成绩。
5．What can we know about ELLs in America during 2010 to 2015?
A．Over half of ELLs lived in suburban areas.
B．Massachusetts had the highest number of ELLs.
C．There were more and more ELLs in many states.
D．The number of ELLs in California increased by 21%.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Thirty-six states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase—3 percent—was reported in Massachusetts.可知，在2010年至2015年间，有三十六个州英语语言学习者的数量都在上升。
6．Which of the following is the most widely spoken by American ELLs at home?
A．Arabic. B．Spanish.
C．Chinese. D．Vietnamese.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，美国英语语言学习者在家里说西班牙语最普遍。
7．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Languages spoken in the US.
B．Programs to help ELLs in the US.
C．English language learners in the US.
D．The most popular languages in the US.
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文围绕美国那些英语能力不高的英语语言学习者展开，介绍了其数量、比例、分布地区以及能力水平方面的相关信息。
七选五
At age 5, I had my future clearly planned: At age 18, I would become a hairdresser like my mom’s friend Jane, who was the prettiest woman I had ever seen. I would live in a huge house and own four dogs, five cats, and a horse. However, time and three dead hamsters(仓鼠) have taught me that pets need a lot of time and care.1.________ I’ve also realized that I wouldn’t become a good hairdresser.
My dreams for the future have changed greatly as I have grown older. And standing at the edge of adulthood as I now do, I look forward to a very different future from what I did when I was 5.2.________ Please read on.
A couple of years ago, my uncle Pierre was in intensive care(重症监护) for some time. I ended up spending quite a few hours in hospital looking curiously at the machinery that was keeping my uncle alive and even more curiously at the nurses who worked so quietly yet efficiently at it. The first time I went to see my uncle, I disliked the hospital. The smell of the place was bad enough.3.________ Therefore, I decided I would never want to set foot in a hospital again.
4．________ As my uncle got better, I started to realize what an important job the nurses there did. I realized how great they were. I also wanted to do something that counted; I also wanted to give people a word of encouragement that would lift their spirits.5.________
A．But my thoughts changed later.
B．I know I can’t always afford them.
C．So I dream of becoming a nurse now.
D．So what’s my dream for the future now?
E．I’m looking forward to having many pets.
F．My uncle Pierre taught me something important.
G．Moreover, I hated watching people suffer day by day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候梦想成为一名美发师，跟一些宠物住在一间大房子里，但现在她的梦想已经改变了。
1．B 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的them指代前面提到的a lot of time and care，是指作者没时间和精力去照顾那些宠物。
2．D 解析：根据本空后的Please read on.及下文的内容，可知后文都是在讲作者现在的梦想，可推测，这里是引出关于她现在的梦想的话题。
3．G 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的递进关系。此处是在解释作者一开始不喜欢医院的原因。因为作者觉得医院的味道很难闻，而且作者很讨厌看到人们在医院受苦。
4．A 解析：此空设于段首，是一个过渡句。上一段讲作者很讨厌医院，而本段讲作者对护士工作的向往，故此处需要一个过渡句，即：然而，后来我的想法改变了。
5．C 解析：此空设于段尾，是对这一段讲述的内容进行总结。这一段主要讲述了作者为什么想成为一位护士，故可推出答案。
课件66张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P58]
品句填词
1．In China, it is rude(无礼的) to put the chopsticks straight into a bowl of rice.
2．This computer stores a good amount(数量) of information, which is of great use to your research.
3．As the old saying goes, “A friend indeed(真正地) is a friend in need”．
4．It is unbelievable(难以置信的) that he has made such a big mistake.
5．They tried to seek(寻找) out little Peter among the crowd, but in vain.
6．When the tourists saw two dolphins dancing in the water, they couldn’t help screaming(尖叫)．
7．As a punishment, she was not permitted(许可) to attend any school activity.
8．The police will look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little patience(耐心)．
9．Why are you talking in such a strange manner(方式)?
10．The singer bowed(鞠躬) to the excited audience once again and got off the stage.
选词填空
bring up; make a bet; stare at; on the contrary; as for; take a chance; from the bottom of one’s heart; in rags
1．Although brought up in a big city, Johnson is very interested in raising plants and animals.
2．You should know that I appreciate your support from the bottom of my heart．
3．She was sitting right across the table, staring at me, which made me embarrassed.
4．—Do you think listening should be cancelled from the English test?
—I don’t think so. On the contrary,greater importance should be attached to it.
5．The guide book didn’t mention the hotel, but we decided to take a chance．
6．Children in rags begged money from the tourists during my trip in that area.
7．As for science, we should try our best to catch up with the world’s highest level.
8．I made a bet with Peter on who would be the first to get to school tomorrow.
完成句子
1．他们说他们将做任何他们能做的事情来帮助这个生病的男孩。
They said they would do whatever they could to help the sick boy.
2．每当我看见这本书，我就想起了我的朋友汤姆。
I will think of my friend Tom whenever I see the book．
3．众所周知，多数美国人一生做好几份工作。
It is well-known that most Americans do several jobs in their whole lives.
4．当苏先生苏醒过来时，他发现自己被带到了一个小树林的中间。
When Mr. Su came to himself, he found himself taken to the middle of a small forest.
5．衣着不当是不礼貌的。
It is bad manners to be dressed badly.(manner)
课文语法填空
Henry went into a restaurant and sat down at a table next 1.to the front window. The owner of the restaurant said the table 2.had been reserved(reserve) and asked a waiter to take Henry’s order.
Henry ordered a lot of food and the waiter couldn’t help 3.reminding(remind) him that it would cost 4.a large amount of money. Henry was so hungry 5.that he ate up all the food quickly and asked for 6.more(much) of the same. The waiter 7.was(be) afraid that Henry couldn’t afford it, but the owner decided to take a chance. After the meal, the waiter treated Henry 8.impolitely(impolite), and then the owner asked Henry to pay his bill. Henry looked at the clock on the wall and thought it was time 9.to open(open) the envelope.
When Henry opened it and saw the million pound bank note, he was 10.surprised(surprise) but the owner and the waiter were shocked. The owner told Henry that he needn’t pay the bill and hoped that he would come to his restaurant whenever he wanted.
[学生用书P121(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．It is unbelievable(believe) that Johnson should have won first place in the math contest.
2．So far, large amounts of money have been spent(spend) on that big project.
3．William was studying in his room when he heard someone screaming(scream)．
4．The actors bowed(bow) to the audience as the performance was over.
5．It is considered good manners(manner) in some countries to leave a little food on your plate.
6．To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people supporting(support) the idea.
7．It is well-known that a good habit is the beginning of success.
8．It is time that the local companies sought(seek)for business opportunities in Europe.
9．It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others’ kindness and rudeness(rude)．
10．He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in.
阅读理解
A
This journey began this morning almost an hour later than I had planned，although I had completed my packing before eight o’clock.I was quite clear about the fact that once I left，my house would stand empty for probably the first time since the day it was built.It was a strange feeling and perhaps explains why I was leaving so late，walking around the house many times over，checking one last time to see that all was in order.
It is hard to explain my feelings once I did finally set off.As I drove further and further from the house，I found the surroundings(周围的事物) grow unrecognizable.I began to have a feeling of unease mixed with excitement.I took a turning and found myself on a road circling the edge of a hill.I could sense the steep(陡峭的) drop to my left.I felt a sense of alarm that I was perhaps not on the correct road at all，but speeding off in the wrong direction into a wilderness.It was only the feeling of a moment，but it caused me to slow down.And even when I was sure I was on the right road，I felt forced to stop the car a moment to think carefully.
I decided to step out and stretch(伸展) my legs a little.On the one side of the road，thickets and small trees rose sharply，while on the other I could now see the distant countryside and a town nearby.
I walked a little way along the roadside，when I heard a voice behind me.Until this point I had believed myself quite alone and I turned in some surprise.Sitting on the large stone was a thin，white-haired man.He called to me again and signaled me to join him.For a moment，I took him for a homeless man，but then I saw he was just some local man enjoying the fresh air and summer sunshine，and saw no reason not to do so.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在旅行途中复杂的情感。
1．Why did the author set off later than planned?
A．He repeatedly checked the house.
B．He was feeling sad about leaving the house.
C．Packing his belongings took longer than expected.
D．There was no one to help him get everything ready.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的perhaps explains why I was leaving so late，walking around the house many times over，checking one last time to see that all was in order可知，作者因为不断检查屋子因此导致动身较晚。这里需要注意B项，作者提到It was a strange feeling，但并没有说是因为离开家太伤感。
2．What caused the author to start driving more slowly?
A．The road had become steep.
B．He realized he was driving too fast.
C．The beautiful scenery attracted him.
D．He suddenly feared that he might get lost.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的I felt a sense of alarm that I was perhaps not on the correct road at all和it caused me to slow down可知，作者害怕自己走错路因此才开得慢了下来。
3．When the author walked out of his car，he________．
A．didn’t expect to see anyone
B．didn’t want to speak to anybody
C．didn’t know there was a town nearby
D．couldn’t see anything because of the trees
A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Until this point I had believed myself quite alone可知，作者以为就自己一个人在路上，没有想到会遇到任何人。
4．What was the author’s attitude to his trip?
A．He just wanted to finish it.
B．He felt unable to continue it.
C．He regretted having started it.
D．He had mixed feelings about it.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的It is hard to explain my feelings，I began to have a feeling of unease mixed with excitement以及stop the car a moment to think carefully可知，作者对于此次旅行情感复杂。
B
English language learners, also known as ELLs, are students with limited English abilities. American public school systems seek to develop programs to help such students improve their English. The goal is to give students the language skills they need to fully take part in educational activities and help them succeed in the classroom. Studies have shown clear connections between greater English-language abilities and improved educational results.
The state with the highest number of ELL students was California. Twenty-one percent of its public school students were English language learners in 2015. The next highest states were Texas and Nevada. Nearly 17 percent of both states’ students were ELLs. In eight states, ELLs made up 10 percent or more of the total public school students.
Thirty-six states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase—3 percent—was reported in Massachusetts. In 14 states, the percentage of ELLs fell in 2015 compared to 2010. The largest drop, which was 4 percent, was reported in the western state of Nevada.
About 77 percent of ELL students said they mainly spoke Spanish at home. Twenty-one percent of Spanish-speaking ELLs lived in California. Arabic is the second most common language spoken at home by ELL students. Chinese is the third most commonly spoken language by American ELL students. About 2 percent of the total—or about 101，000 students—identified(认定) themselves as Chinese speakers at home. About 81，000 ELL students reported speaking Vietnamese at home. That is 1.7 percent of all ELLs.
About 14 percent of ELLs lived in cities, the National Center for Education Statistics reported. Nine percent lived in suburban(郊区的) areas. And around 6.5 percent lived in small towns, while 3.6 percent were in the countryside.
Not surprisingly, most English language learners were in lower grade levels. In 2015, 67 percent of students were either in kindergarten or grades 1 through 5. The other 33 percent were in sixth through 12th grades.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国的很多公立学校里有很多英语不好的学生，他们的英语能力影响到了他们的学习成绩。
5．What can we know about ELLs in America during 2010 to 2015?
A．Over half of ELLs lived in suburban areas.
B．Massachusetts had the highest number of ELLs.
C．There were more and more ELLs in many states.
D．The number of ELLs in California increased by 21%.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Thirty-six states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase—3 percent—was reported in Massachusetts.可知，在2010年至2015年间，有三十六个州英语语言学习者的数量都在上升。
6．Which of the following is the most widely spoken by American ELLs at home?
A．Arabic. B．Spanish.
C．Chinese. D．Vietnamese.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，美国英语语言学习者在家里说西班牙语最普遍。
7．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Languages spoken in the US.
B．Programs to help ELLs in the US.
C．English language learners in the US.
D．The most popular languages in the US.
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文围绕美国那些英语能力不高的英语语言学习者展开，介绍了其数量、比例、分布地区以及能力水平方面的相关信息。
七选五
At age 5, I had my future clearly planned: At age 18, I would become a hairdresser like my mom’s friend Jane, who was the prettiest woman I had ever seen. I would live in a huge house and own four dogs, five cats, and a horse. However, time and three dead hamsters(仓鼠) have taught me that pets need a lot of time and care.1.________ I’ve also realized that I wouldn’t become a good hairdresser.
My dreams for the future have changed greatly as I have grown older. And standing at the edge of adulthood as I now do, I look forward to a very different future from what I did when I was 5.2.________ Please read on.
A couple of years ago, my uncle Pierre was in intensive care(重症监护) for some time. I ended up spending quite a few hours in hospital looking curiously at the machinery that was keeping my uncle alive and even more curiously at the nurses who worked so quietly yet efficiently at it. The first time I went to see my uncle, I disliked the hospital. The smell of the place was bad enough.3.________ Therefore, I decided I would never want to set foot in a hospital again.
4．________ As my uncle got better, I started to realize what an important job the nurses there did. I realized how great they were. I also wanted to do something that counted; I also wanted to give people a word of encouragement that would lift their spirits.5.________
A．But my thoughts changed later.
B．I know I can’t always afford them.
C．So I dream of becoming a nurse now.
D．So what’s my dream for the future now?
E．I’m looking forward to having many pets.
F．My uncle Pierre taught me something important.
G．Moreover, I hated watching people suffer day by day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候梦想成为一名美发师，跟一些宠物住在一间大房子里，但现在她的梦想已经改变了。
1．B 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的them指代前面提到的a lot of time and care，是指作者没时间和精力去照顾那些宠物。
2．D 解析：根据本空后的Please read on.及下文的内容，可知后文都是在讲作者现在的梦想，可推测，这里是引出关于她现在的梦想的话题。
3．G 解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的递进关系。此处是在解释作者一开始不喜欢医院的原因。因为作者觉得医院的味道很难闻，而且作者很讨厌看到人们在医院受苦。
4．A 解析：此空设于段首，是一个过渡句。上一段讲作者很讨厌医院，而本段讲作者对护士工作的向往，故此处需要一个过渡句，即：然而，后来我的想法改变了。
5．C 解析：此空设于段尾，是对这一段讲述的内容进行总结。这一段主要讲述了作者为什么想成为一位护士，故可推出答案。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
名词性从句——宾语从句和表语从句
1．(教材P17)Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.
2．(教材P17)It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
3．(教材P18)I wonder, Mr Adams, if you’d mind us asking a few questions.
4．(教材P18)I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.
5．(教材P18)The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.
6．(教材P18)That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
引导名词性从句的关联词
分类
关联词
意义
功能
从属
连词
that
无意义
不充当成分
whether/if
是否
不充当成分
连接
代词
who(ever)
(无论)谁
主语，宾语，表语
whose
谁的
定语
what(ever)
(无论)什么
主语，宾语，表语，定语
which(ever)
(无论)哪一个
主语，宾语，定语
连接
副词
when(ever)
(无论)何时
时间状语
where(ver)
(无论)哪里
地点状语
why
为什么
原因状语
how(ever)
(无论)如何/怎么
方式状语
◆(2017·北京卷)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(主语从句)
每年制作出最漂亮的风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。
◆(2018·江苏卷)By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived.(表语从句)
来这里唯一的方法是乘船，我们就是这样来的。
◆As is known to us, China is no longer what she used to be.(表语从句)
众所周知，中国再也不是从前的中国了。
◆(北京卷)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.(宾语从句)
我真的相信美来自内心。
◆I made a promise that my first year in high school would be different.(同位语从句)
我保证：我高中的第一年将会是不同寻常的一年。
◆There is no doubt that he is fit for the job.(同位语从句)
毫无疑问，他适合这份工作。
宾语从句
1．定义
在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。它可以作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作非谓语动词、某些介词或形容词等的宾语。
◆He wanted to know what he could do to get away with his father’s punishment.
他想知道他能做些什么来逃避他父亲的惩罚。
◆They asked Mary how she had lost weight in such a short time.
他们问玛丽是如何在这么短的时间内减轻体重的。
◆They couldn’t understand why I refused his invitation.
他们不能理解我为什么拒绝了他的邀请。
◆Whether the sports meeting will be held depends on whether the weather is fine tomorrow.
运动会能否举行取决于明天是不是好天气。
◆(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m not sure who is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
我不知道我和不知从哪里突然冒出来的雌性大猩猩谁更害怕。
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空
①Parents are taught to understand how important education is to their children’s future.
②The road is covered with snow.I can’t understand why they insist on going by motorbike.
③A new neighborhood is being built in what used to be a waste factory.
④You may give the ticket to whoever you think need it.
⑤We’re worried about whether he is safe or not.
2．that 引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。
◆I’m glad to learn (that) you are going to participate in the Chinese Folk Song Competition.
我很高兴听说你将要参加中国民歌大赛。
宾语从句中两种情况中的连接词that不能省略：
①引导的第二个宾语从句前的that不能省略；
②在动词＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语＋that引导的宾语从句中that不能省略。
◆He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it.
他说你太年轻，还无法理解这件事情，你也不要太在意。
◆I think it necessary that classic poetry and writings should be included in textbooks.
我认为古典诗歌和写作有必要纳入教科书中。
【即时演练2】——单句改错
①He said he would give up the chance and he would try hard to look for another one.and后加that
②I think it necessary you go out for a walk or do some outdoor exercise before exams.necessary后加that
3．whether/if引导的宾语从句
whether/if在从句中不充当成分，但是有“是否”之意，从句要用陈述语序。
◆(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有。
只用whether不用if引导宾语从句的情况
在宾语从句中，引导词whether和if基本一样，但下面两种情况只能使用whether：
①引导介词后的宾语从句时；②和or not 一起连用时。
◆Today we had a class discussion about whether cloning should be developed.
今天我们班讨论了是否应该发展克隆。
【即时演练3】——完成句子
①我想知道这周六晚上你是否有空来我家吃饭。
I wonder whether/if you have time to have dinner at my home this Saturday evening.
②我们班讨论了学生使用网络语言是否是好的。
Our class held a discussion on whether it’s good for students to use Web Language.
4．连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中充当一定的成分。
◆The Chang’e 4 mission will enable scientists to learn what they haven’t known about the moon.
嫦娥四号的任务使科学家能了解他们对月球不知道的情况。(what在从句中作宾语)
◆(2017·北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree－lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，根本不知道去往何方。(where引导宾语从句，在从句中充当地点状语)
◆The teacher asked how the student was getting along with his study.老师问学生他的学习进展如何。(how引导宾语从句，且how在从句中充当方式状语)
◆(2018·浙江卷6月)I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full－time.我问他为什么不全职做副业。(why在从句中充当原因状语)
◆I can take whichever book interests me.
我可以拿走我感兴趣的书。(whichever引导宾语从句)
【即时演练4】——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are.
②They do not know where he has lost his notebook.
5．某些动词后，that宾语从句用虚拟语气
在insist, demand, order, suggest, propose, advise等表示坚持、要求、命令、建议等意义的动词后，that宾语从句中谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”，表示虚拟。
◆The doctor suggested that I stay in bed for three days.
医生建议我卧床三天。
【即时演练5】——完成句子
①我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐的平衡。
I suggest that you keep the balance between your study and entertainment.
②他要求我尽力考入一所好大学。
He demanded that I should try my best to enter a good university.
表语从句
1．定义
在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。
◆(2017·北京卷)One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.
有个观点是睡眠帮助我们强化新的记忆。
◆Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to.此外，餐桌礼仪也是你应该注意的。
◆(2018·北京卷)Without his support, we wouldn’t be where we are now.
若没有他的支持，我们就不会走到今天这一步。
2．表语从句的连接词
表语从句的连接词主要有that, whether, as, as if/though, because及wh－类连接词。
◆The main concern is that random parking bothers others a lot.
最主要的问题是乱停车给他人带来很多麻烦。
◆(2018·北京卷)This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
父亲教给我的是——永远直面困难并希望最好。
◆My question is where we will travel and how we will get there.
我的问题是我们将去哪里旅行还有我们将如何到达那里。
【即时演练6】——单句语法填空
①The problem is how they will make their livings.
②(2017·天津卷)I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting.
③My chief worry is that he doesn’t have experience.
3．表语从句应该注意的几个问题
(1)连接词that引导表语从句，不充当成分，无意义，但是不能省略。
◆The trouble with stamp collecting is that it’s an expensive hobby.
集邮的问题在于它是一种成本很高的爱好。
(2)whether引导表语从句，不充当成分，意为“是否”。
此时不能与if互换。
◆My worry is whether we can finish the work on time.
我所担心的是我们是否能准时完成工作。
(3)句子主语为the reason时，表语从句通常用that引导，即构成句型：The reason why...is that...; The reason for...is that...意为：……的原因是……
◆The reason why I can’t go is that I had a fall yesterday and injured my foot badly.
我不能去的原因是我昨天摔了一跤，脚伤得很重。
(4)because可引导表语从句，常用结构：This/That is because...意为：这/那是因为……
◆This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup.
这是因为许多国家都有很棒的球队去参加世界杯。
(5)主语为advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, requirement, request, order, command等表示建议、要求、命令等意义的名词时，表语从句的谓语要用“(should＋)do”，其中should可省略，表示虚拟。
◆My suggestion is that you should explore your own learning methods.
我的建议是你应该探索自己的学习方法。
【即时演练7】——单句语法填空
①That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
②Welcome to this house and this was where Luxun once lived.
③The reason why he left the company was that he had been offered a better-paid job.
单句语法填空
1．I didn’t see the film last night. That was because I had to help my brother with his homework.
2．My mother didn’t say clearly what she would give me as my birthday present.
3．We don’t know whether Mr. Brown is from America or from Australia.
4．You’d better give the task to whoever you think can finish it ahead of time.
5．One of the reasons why he left the top company was that he was tired of his job.
6．You said children should be given more freedom. That is where I disagree.
7．Whether you agree with me or not, I’m going to continue doing this job.
8．A lack of money was the reason why she wanted to sell her house.
9．I don’t know if/whether I should tell the bad news to his parents.
10．His parents have made it clear that they won’t support him in setting up his own company.
11．Now, the only problem is how/whether we can collect so much money in such a short time.
12．One of the most exciting moments in his life was when he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
13．The public don’t know what the President will do to improve the air quality.
14．This math exercise is so difficult that I really don’t know whether I can work it out.
15．The problem before us is where we can find support.
语法与写作
1．我的妈妈总是想着怎样才能为别人做得更多。
My mother is always thinking of how she can do more for others.
2．你们要特别注意老师正在说的事情。
You should pay special attention to what your teacher is saying．
3．我想知道的是会议何时在北京举行。
What I want to know is when the meeting will be held in Beijing.
4．如果你的老师批评你，那是因为他关心你。
If your teacher criticizes you, that is because he cares about you．
5．事实就是没办法解决这个问题。
The fact is that there’s no way to solve this problem.
6．会议取消了，我们都感到很遗憾。
We all thought it a great pity that the meeting had been cancelled．
[学生用书P123(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．The boy believes that hard work will help him succeed.
2．The man has made it clear that he will not change his mind.
3．I don’t know whether/if he still lives here after so many years.
4．Look at the tallest building. That is where my father works.
5．Peter wanted to know who on earth had taken the important paper away.
6．One advantage of solar energy is that it will never run out.
7．Don’t talk to him in that way. He’s not what he was a few years ago.
8．What is troubling me is that I don’t have much experience in this kind of work.
9．What I want to know is which road we should take.
10．Bob didn’t realize what a serious mistake he had made until I told him.
阅读理解
An interesting bit of research was done with pigeons. A pigeon was put in a box with two levers(操作杆). One lever would set free corn(谷物) with every five pecks(啄). The other lever needed 100 pecks. Which lever would the pigeon choose to peck at? The lever that set free corn more frequently, of course.
People respond similarly. We prefer to receive more frequent rewards. That is the reason why projects are more effectively completed when broken down into smaller parts. For example, if you have a work project needed to be finished three months later, you are likely to tell yourself that you have plenty of time and end up putting off the work until the last few weeks. Unexpected occasions happen and the project is pushed back even further. The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.
If, however, the project is broken down into three smaller parts and you’re required to hand in a part at the end of each of the three months, there won’t be a rush at the end to complete it. One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement, which will spur you to begin the second part. At the end of the second month, the project is to complete. This gives you the time to review it and make any change for improvement. You can truly celebrate a project well done.
Celebrating small achievements is important to enjoying what you do. Looking forward to the appearance of corn on a frequent basis keeps you active to do more. What does your corn look like? Maybe you are like me and prefer to give yourself an actual reward after completing a project. If your corn really exists, the important thing is that you get it frequently. Remember, reward yourself for small achievements and you can live your life to the fullest.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。人们总是喜欢干短期且易见效果的工作，因此将一个长期任务分几段完成能够提高工作效率。
1．What will probably happen if you’re allowed to finish a task in a long time?
A．You may expect others to help you.
B．You won’t be patient to continue it.
C．It won’t be finished as well as expected.
D．It will appear more and more difficult and boring.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.可知，工期长会导致拖延，最后手忙脚乱的情况下完成的工作达不到预期的效果。
2．What does the underlined word “spur” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Warn. B．Forbid.
C．Remind. D．Encourage.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement...可知，作者说一部分工作完成后，你会产生一种成就感，这种成就感能够“激励”你开始从事下一部分的工作。
3．What does the writer mainly talk about in the last paragraph?
A．The importance of finishing your project on time.
B．The benefit of rewarding yourself frequently.
C．How to keep active in your work.
D．How to set rewards wisely in life.
B 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，该段主要谈论的是庆祝小成就或经常回报自己的重要性或好处。
完形填空
All passengers boarded(登机), and the flight would be on time. I went up to the gate(登机口) to get the papers from the gate staff and __1__ an adult passenger sitting there crying, which was very __2__. So I asked the gate staff what was up and they told me that the passenger was not __3__ to board due to a problem of his ticket. His last name in the ticket was __4__ wrongly by a letter but he had __5__ it before.
After my asking, the man said that his father was just in the __6__ and he needed to take this flight to hopefully see him before he __7__. Unfortunately, there was nothing the gate staff could do about it. They told him to buy a new ticket. __8__， the flight was to leave ten minutes later and it was __9__ for him to do so. He told me he would be really __10__ if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad. Seeing a grown man crying sadly, I was sure that he was telling the __11__．
I __12__ for a while and then thought of __13__ I could do to help him. As a member of staff, I have a __14__—I can issue(发) tickets through an online system to my family or __15__. Then, I provided a staff ticket for this passenger. I passed the ticket to him __16__ his knowing what I’d done. He was so __17__ and it was all that I wanted to see. I just hoped that he wouldn’t __18__ any of his father’s last words. Later, the gate staff told me they would help me keep the __19__ as we can use the staff tickets only for people we know.
I was so proud that day __20__ I did something meaningful for a person in need.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者是飞机上的工作人员，一次他利用自己的权利及时地帮助了一位陷入困境的乘客。
1．A.noticed B．greeted
C．rescued D．encouraged
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者应该是去拿文件时注意到(noticed)有一位乘客在登机口哭泣。
2．A.funny B．common
C．unusual D．dangerous
C 解析：根据语境可知，成年乘客哭泣应该是不寻常的(unusual)。
3．A.forced B．allowed
C．advised D．persuaded
B 解析：根据后文的due to a problem of his ticket可知，那位乘客因为他的机票问题而不被允许(allowed)登机。
4．A.read B．spelled
C．understood D．remembered
B 解析：根据His last name in the ticket...wrongly by a letter可知，那位乘客机票上的姓氏应该是被拼(spelled)错了一个字母。
5．A.found B．recorded
C．imagined D．ignored
D 解析：根据语境可知，那位乘客票面上的姓名有误，但他之前没有注意到(ignored)。
6．A.airport B．office
C．school D．hospital
D 解析：根据后文的if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad可知，那位乘客的父亲快要去世了，所以应该是在医院(hospital)里。
7．A.gave up B．came back
C．passed away D．settled down
C 解析：根据前文的he needed to take this flight to hopefully see him可知，那位乘客希望乘这班飞机赶到医院，在他父亲临终(passed away)前见一面。
8．A.Instead B．However
C．Otherwise D．Therefore
B 解析：根据语境可知，工作人员告诉该乘客重新买一张票，但是(However)飞机马上起飞，时间来不及了。前后是转折关系。
9．A.special B．strange
C．impossible D．unbelievable
C 解析：根据上文的the flight was to leave ten minutes later可知，飞机还有十分钟就要起飞了，重新买票是不可能的(impossible)。
10．A.regretful B．confused
C．anxious D．hopeless
A 解析：根据后文的if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad可知，如果不能跟父亲临终道别，那位乘客应该会非常遗憾懊悔(regretful)。
11．A.lie B．truth
C．joke D．story
B 解析：根据上文的Seeing a grown man crying sadly可知，看到一个成年男人哭得那么伤心，作者确信他说的是真话(truth)。
12．A.checked B．guessed
C．predicted D．considered
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者考虑了(considered)一会儿，想到了能帮助那位乘客的办法。
13．A.nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者考虑了一会儿，想到了能帮助那位乘客的办法(something)。
14．A.goal B．duty
C．task D．right
D 解析：根据后文的I can issue(发) tickets through an online system to my family可知，作为工作人员，作者有权(right)通过在线系统为一些人签发机票。
15．A.pets B．friends
C．customers D．passengers
B 解析：根据后文的we can use the staff tickets only for people we know可知，工作人员只能为自己的家人和认识的朋友(friends)买票。
16．A.for B．after
C．since D．without
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者并不期望回报，所以他只是将买好的票递给那位乘客，没(without)让他知道作者为他所做的事情。
17．A.calm B．brave
C．pleased D．curious
C 解析：根据后文的it was all that I wanted to see可知，那位乘客很欣喜(pleased)，这是作者想看到的。
18．A.miss B．repeat
C．forget D．mind
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者希望那位乘客不会错过(miss)他父亲的任何临终遗言。
19．A.secret B．rule
C．promise D．appointment
A 解析：根据后文的as we can use the staff tickets only for people we know可知，工作人员只能为认识的人买票，所以严格来说作者的做法是违规的。但登机口工作人员表示会帮作者保守这个秘密(secret)。
20．A.because B．before
C．until D．unless
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者那天感到非常自豪因为(because)他为有需要的人干了件有意义的事。
语法填空
War Horse is a children’s novel by English author Michael Morpurgo. When it first 1.____________(come) out in 1982, the book sold comparatively few copies. That all changed, however, when in 2005 War Horse 2.____________(perform) on stage at the National Theatre. Today, Morpurgo’s short story has sold over one million copies and the play is being performed in theatres worldwide; it has even been turned into a film 3.____________(direct) by Steven Spielberg.
War Horse is set during the First World War, and follows the lives of soldiers 4.____________(fight) on the frontline, as well as ordinary people 5.____________ lives have been turned upside down by the war. What makes it special is 6.____________ Joey, the narrator, is actually a horse. The other main character is Alfie, Joey’s best friend and 7.____________(own), who watches helplessly as Joey is sold to the British army. There Joey joins 8.____________(thousand) of other men and horses in the war.
Joey’s narration is not only 9.____________(deep) moving, but also, historically accurate(准确的). Horses played 10.____________ important role for armies during the war; they transported heavy machine guns, rescued injured soldiers from the front and led cavalry charges(骑兵冲锋). Throughout the war, over eight million horses died.
1．came 解析：考查一般过去时。由时间状语in 1982可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填came。 come out意为“出版”。
2．was performed 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。War Horse与perform之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，由时间状语in 2005可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填was performed。
3．directed 解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰film，由by Steven Spielberg可知，direct与film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因为设空处表示的动作已发生，故填directed。
4．fighting 解析：考查动词-ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰soldiers，此处表示那些在前线打仗的士兵。soldiers与fight之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填fighting。
5．whose 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰people，且在从句中作定语，故填whose。
6．that 解析：考查连接词。设空处引导表语从句，因为从句成分及意义均完整，故填连接词that。
7．owner 解析：考查名词。设空处与friend并列，表示“主人”，故填名词owner。
8．thousands 解析：考查固定搭配。thousands of意为“成千上万的……”。
9．deeply 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词moving，表示“非常”，故填deeply。
10．an 解析：考查不定冠词。play an important role意为“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。
课件42张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
[学生用书P123(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．The boy believes that hard work will help him succeed.
2．The man has made it clear that he will not change his mind.
3．I don’t know whether/if he still lives here after so many years.
4．Look at the tallest building. That is where my father works.
5．Peter wanted to know who on earth had taken the important paper away.
6．One advantage of solar energy is that it will never run out.
7．Don’t talk to him in that way. He’s not what he was a few years ago.
8．What is troubling me is that I don’t have much experience in this kind of work.
9．What I want to know is which road we should take.
10．Bob didn’t realize what a serious mistake he had made until I told him.
阅读理解
An interesting bit of research was done with pigeons. A pigeon was put in a box with two levers(操作杆). One lever would set free corn(谷物) with every five pecks(啄). The other lever needed 100 pecks. Which lever would the pigeon choose to peck at? The lever that set free corn more frequently, of course.
People respond similarly. We prefer to receive more frequent rewards. That is the reason why projects are more effectively completed when broken down into smaller parts. For example, if you have a work project needed to be finished three months later, you are likely to tell yourself that you have plenty of time and end up putting off the work until the last few weeks. Unexpected occasions happen and the project is pushed back even further. The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.
If, however, the project is broken down into three smaller parts and you’re required to hand in a part at the end of each of the three months, there won’t be a rush at the end to complete it. One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement, which will spur you to begin the second part. At the end of the second month, the project is to complete. This gives you the time to review it and make any change for improvement. You can truly celebrate a project well done.
Celebrating small achievements is important to enjoying what you do. Looking forward to the appearance of corn on a frequent basis keeps you active to do more. What does your corn look like? Maybe you are like me and prefer to give yourself an actual reward after completing a project. If your corn really exists, the important thing is that you get it frequently. Remember, reward yourself for small achievements and you can live your life to the fullest.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。人们总是喜欢干短期且易见效果的工作，因此将一个长期任务分几段完成能够提高工作效率。
1．What will probably happen if you’re allowed to finish a task in a long time?
A．You may expect others to help you.
B．You won’t be patient to continue it.
C．It won’t be finished as well as expected.
D．It will appear more and more difficult and boring.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.可知，工期长会导致拖延，最后手忙脚乱的情况下完成的工作达不到预期的效果。
2．What does the underlined word “spur” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Warn. B．Forbid.
C．Remind. D．Encourage.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement...可知，作者说一部分工作完成后，你会产生一种成就感，这种成就感能够“激励”你开始从事下一部分的工作。
3．What does the writer mainly talk about in the last paragraph?
A．The importance of finishing your project on time.
B．The benefit of rewarding yourself frequently.
C．How to keep active in your work.
D．How to set rewards wisely in life.
B 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，该段主要谈论的是庆祝小成就或经常回报自己的重要性或好处。
完形填空
All passengers boarded(登机), and the flight would be on time. I went up to the gate(登机口) to get the papers from the gate staff and __1__ an adult passenger sitting there crying, which was very __2__. So I asked the gate staff what was up and they told me that the passenger was not __3__ to board due to a problem of his ticket. His last name in the ticket was __4__ wrongly by a letter but he had __5__ it before.
After my asking, the man said that his father was just in the __6__ and he needed to take this flight to hopefully see him before he __7__. Unfortunately, there was nothing the gate staff could do about it. They told him to buy a new ticket. __8__， the flight was to leave ten minutes later and it was __9__ for him to do so. He told me he would be really __10__ if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad. Seeing a grown man crying sadly, I was sure that he was telling the __11__．
I __12__ for a while and then thought of __13__ I could do to help him. As a member of staff, I have a __14__—I can issue(发) tickets through an online system to my family or __15__. Then, I provided a staff ticket for this passenger. I passed the ticket to him __16__ his knowing what I’d done. He was so __17__ and it was all that I wanted to see. I just hoped that he wouldn’t __18__ any of his father’s last words. Later, the gate staff told me they would help me keep the __19__ as we can use the staff tickets only for people we know.
I was so proud that day __20__ I did something meaningful for a person in need.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者是飞机上的工作人员，一次他利用自己的权利及时地帮助了一位陷入困境的乘客。
1．A.noticed B．greeted
C．rescued D．encouraged
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者应该是去拿文件时注意到(noticed)有一位乘客在登机口哭泣。
2．A.funny B．common
C．unusual D．dangerous
C 解析：根据语境可知，成年乘客哭泣应该是不寻常的(unusual)。
3．A.forced B．allowed
C．advised D．persuaded
B 解析：根据后文的due to a problem of his ticket可知，那位乘客因为他的机票问题而不被允许(allowed)登机。
4．A.read B．spelled
C．understood D．remembered
B 解析：根据His last name in the ticket...wrongly by a letter可知，那位乘客机票上的姓氏应该是被拼(spelled)错了一个字母。
5．A.found B．recorded
C．imagined D．ignored
D 解析：根据语境可知，那位乘客票面上的姓名有误，但他之前没有注意到(ignored)。
6．A.airport B．office
C．school D．hospital
D 解析：根据后文的if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad可知，那位乘客的父亲快要去世了，所以应该是在医院(hospital)里。
7．A.gave up B．came back
C．passed away D．settled down
C 解析：根据前文的he needed to take this flight to hopefully see him可知，那位乘客希望乘这班飞机赶到医院，在他父亲临终(passed away)前见一面。
8．A.Instead B．However
C．Otherwise D．Therefore
B 解析：根据语境可知，工作人员告诉该乘客重新买一张票，但是(However)飞机马上起飞，时间来不及了。前后是转折关系。
9．A.special B．strange
C．impossible D．unbelievable
C 解析：根据上文的the flight was to leave ten minutes later可知，飞机还有十分钟就要起飞了，重新买票是不可能的(impossible)。
10．A.regretful B．confused
C．anxious D．hopeless
A 解析：根据后文的if he wouldn’t be able to say his final goodbye to his dad可知，如果不能跟父亲临终道别，那位乘客应该会非常遗憾懊悔(regretful)。
11．A.lie B．truth
C．joke D．story
B 解析：根据上文的Seeing a grown man crying sadly可知，看到一个成年男人哭得那么伤心，作者确信他说的是真话(truth)。
12．A.checked B．guessed
C．predicted D．considered
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者考虑了(considered)一会儿，想到了能帮助那位乘客的办法。
13．A.nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者考虑了一会儿，想到了能帮助那位乘客的办法(something)。
14．A.goal B．duty
C．task D．right
D 解析：根据后文的I can issue(发) tickets through an online system to my family可知，作为工作人员，作者有权(right)通过在线系统为一些人签发机票。
15．A.pets B．friends
C．customers D．passengers
B 解析：根据后文的we can use the staff tickets only for people we know可知，工作人员只能为自己的家人和认识的朋友(friends)买票。
16．A.for B．after
C．since D．without
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者并不期望回报，所以他只是将买好的票递给那位乘客，没(without)让他知道作者为他所做的事情。
17．A.calm B．brave
C．pleased D．curious
C 解析：根据后文的it was all that I wanted to see可知，那位乘客很欣喜(pleased)，这是作者想看到的。
18．A.miss B．repeat
C．forget D．mind
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者希望那位乘客不会错过(miss)他父亲的任何临终遗言。
19．A.secret B．rule
C．promise D．appointment
A 解析：根据后文的as we can use the staff tickets only for people we know可知，工作人员只能为认识的人买票，所以严格来说作者的做法是违规的。但登机口工作人员表示会帮作者保守这个秘密(secret)。
20．A.because B．before
C．until D．unless
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者那天感到非常自豪因为(because)他为有需要的人干了件有意义的事。
语法填空
War Horse is a children’s novel by English author Michael Morpurgo. When it first 1.____________(come) out in 1982, the book sold comparatively few copies. That all changed, however, when in 2005 War Horse 2.____________(perform) on stage at the National Theatre. Today, Morpurgo’s short story has sold over one million copies and the play is being performed in theatres worldwide; it has even been turned into a film 3.____________(direct) by Steven Spielberg.
War Horse is set during the First World War, and follows the lives of soldiers 4.____________(fight) on the frontline, as well as ordinary people 5.____________ lives have been turned upside down by the war. What makes it special is 6.____________ Joey, the narrator, is actually a horse. The other main character is Alfie, Joey’s best friend and 7.____________(own), who watches helplessly as Joey is sold to the British army. There Joey joins 8.____________(thousand) of other men and horses in the war.
Joey’s narration is not only 9.____________(deep) moving, but also, historically accurate(准确的). Horses played 10.____________ important role for armies during the war; they transported heavy machine guns, rescued injured soldiers from the front and led cavalry charges(骑兵冲锋). Throughout the war, over eight million horses died.
1．came 解析：考查一般过去时。由时间状语in 1982可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填came。 come out意为“出版”。
2．was performed 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。War Horse与perform之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，由时间状语in 2005可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填was performed。
3．directed 解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰film，由by Steven Spielberg可知，direct与film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因为设空处表示的动作已发生，故填directed。
4．fighting 解析：考查动词-ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰soldiers，此处表示那些在前线打仗的士兵。soldiers与fight之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填fighting。
5．whose 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰people，且在从句中作定语，故填whose。
6．that 解析：考查连接词。设空处引导表语从句，因为从句成分及意义均完整，故填连接词that。
7．owner 解析：考查名词。设空处与friend并列，表示“主人”，故填名词owner。
8．thousands 解析：考查固定搭配。thousands of意为“成千上万的……”。
9．deeply 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词moving，表示“非常”，故填deeply。
10．an 解析：考查不定冠词。play an important role意为“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。
Section Ⅴ Writing
英语戏剧
文体感知
戏剧剧本属于记叙文。在写作形式上以对话为主。应主要包括戏剧人物、人物的语言、舞台说明性文字等。
增分佳句
1．Can you show me a suit, please?
你能给我拿一套西装吗？
2．Well, I will take it.
嗯，我要了。
3．I suppose a gentleman like you only carries very large bills.
我想像你这样的绅士只带大票子。
4．It’s no trouble at all.
一点也不麻烦。
5．Well, I wonder if you could permit me to have one day off. 嗯，不知你能否允许我请一天假。
写作模版
1．Character description(人物说明)—Describe the appearance of the main characters(写明主要出场人物)
2．Character dialogue(人物对话)—Write a dialogue between the main characters(写出主要人物的对话)
3．Stage description(舞台说明)—Write some of the stage description of the text, and action should be consistent with the character of the characters(写出一些舞台说明性文字，动作要符合人物的性格特征)
写作要求
根据下面提示，写一篇100词左右的戏剧剧本，介绍亨利带着100万英镑的支票去理发的过程。
亨利正走在大街上，看见了一家理发店，决定去理他的长头发；理发师用粗鲁的态度接待了他；亨利坐在椅子上等待；理发师问他是否付得起理发的费用；理发结束后，亨利出示了百万英镑的支票；理发师十分吃惊，并告诉他可随时光临。
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1．正在做……就在这时…… be doing...when...
2．……的标志 a sign for...
3．无论何时你喜欢 whenever you like
4．做……是某人的荣幸 It is one’s honour to do...
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①亨利正在大街上行走。
Henry is walking down the street.
②他看到一个理发的标志。
He sees a sign for a place that cuts hair.
③无论什么时候，只要您想来就来。
Please come here whenever you like．
④您仅有很少的头发要理！
You only have too little hair to be cut!
⑤为您服务是我的荣耀！
It will be my honour to serve you!
2．句式升级
⑥用be doing...when...连接句①和句②
Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair.
⑦用even if连接句③和句④
Please come here whenever you like, even if you only have too little hair to be cut!
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut.)
H＝Henry, B＝Barber
H：Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may.(The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair.) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long.
B：(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can.
H：Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then.(He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry.)
B：It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?
H：Yes. I think so.
(After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note.)
B：Why Mr...(looks shocked)
H：Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change.
B：Please don’t worry！(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come here whenever you like, even if you only have too little hair to be cut! It will be my honour to serve you!
请根据提示场景，用英语写一段童话剧《狐假虎威》中的剧本。场景如下：
老虎在森林中走着，他感到非常饥饿。当他看见一只狐狸时，想要吃掉他。狐狸说他才是森林之王，老虎将信将疑，决定跟着狐狸在森林中走一趟。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
THE FOX AND THE TIGER
(A tiger is walking in the forest, hungry, when he sees a fox.The tiger decides to eat the fox.)
Tiger：(laughing)Ah, a fox.A good meal.
Fox：(frightened)Oh, my God！What should I do？(rolling his eyes)Yes，I have a good idea.(smiling)Hello！Tiger brother！How are you?
Tiger：Not so good.I’m very hungry now.I want to eat you.
Fox：(pretends to be surprised)Oh，my dear！How dare you say that！I’m the king of the forest！Say you want to eat me again and I will kill you right now.
Tiger：(shocked and confused)Are you kidding me？Are you sure that you are the king？I can’t believe it！I am the king of the forest here!
Fox：If you don’t believe me, just follow me and see who is the king of the forest.
Tiger：OK.Let’s go.
课件18张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束[学生用书P63]
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
①It is the first time that I have seen such a beautiful scene(这样美丽的景色).
②In the picture, there’s a scene where some lovely children are having a class.
③Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the terrible accident.
2.wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊
John was wandering(wander) in the pavement alone when he saw a policeman coming up to him.
3.spot vt.发现；认出 n．斑点；污点；地点
①On the way, we spotted(spot) a man holding a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.”
②The young man who was missing in the mountain was spotted(spot) by a plane finally.
4.amount n．数量
①So far, huge amounts of money have been spent(spend) on his slimming gym.
②So far, a huge amount of money has been spent(spend) on his slimming gym.
5.novel n．小说；长篇故事 adj.新奇的，异常的
As we all know, Mo Yan, a famous novelist,won Nobel Literature Prize and wrote many excellent novels．(novel)
6.patience n．耐性；忍耐
Although the patient was out of patience,the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently．(patience)
7.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的
It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness．(rude)
8.permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许 n．通行证；许可证；执照
I will come after the meeting if time permits,but I should ask for my headmaster’s permission first.(permit)
9.fault n．过错；缺点；故障
①He is always finding fault with me(挑我毛病), which makes me very sad.
②It was all my fault(都是我的错). I should be responsible for the accident.
10.seek vt.& vi.寻找；探索；寻求
Many people spend years seeking(seek) for peace of mind, often with little success.
阅读词汇排查练
1.boyhood n． 少年时代
2.bet n. 赌；打赌
vi.& vt. 打赌；赌钱
3.penniless adj. 贫困的；
身无分文的
4.pavement n. 人行道
5.bay n. 海湾
6.nightfall n． 黄昏
7.passage n. 船费(包括食宿)；
通道；(一)段
8.embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员
9.charity n. 慈善(团体)；施舍
10.steak n. (供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排
11.pineapple n． 菠萝
12.dessert n. 餐后甜点
13.businessman n. 商人
14.fake n. 假货；欺骗
adj. 假的
15.barber n. 理发师
重点短语
会书写
1.by accident/chance 偶然；无意中；
不小心
2.stare at 盯着看；凝视
3.account for 是……的原因；
解释
4.in rags 衣衫褴褛
5.as for/to 关于；至于
6.bring up 抚养；培养；
教育；提出
7.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使
句)可以；往下说
8.on the contrary 与此相反；
正相反
9.to be honest 老实说
10.take a chance 冒险
11.from the bottom of one’s heart
从心底
12.take one’s order 点菜
会应用
1.To be honest,nowadays, more and more people attach great importance to fame and wealth.
2.According to the report, staring at cell phone for long periods of time will be harmful to our eyesight gradually.
3.William was brought up by his grandparents and he has a close relationship with them now.
4.As for/to your advice, I’m sure to consider it and give you reply in time.
5.Though he was told it was hard to find a job there, he still decided to take a chance.
6.Walking in the street, I often see beggars in rags.
7.I never think myself a stupid boy. On the contrary,I know I’m on the road to success.
8.If you insist on leaving now, please go ahead.
9.He lost all his family members and fortune by accident/chance.
10.It is said that body language accounts for 55%of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
重点句型
1.强调句型：It is＋被强调部分＋that/who...
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.
2.“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
在超市里， 我发现我的口袋被偷了。
In the supermarket, I found my pocket picked.
3.had just done...when...刚做完……这时/那时……
我刚做完作业，这时母亲要我帮她打扫房间。
I had just finished my homework when my mother asked me to help her clean the house.
4.The fact is that...事实是……
事实是我对他一无所知。
The fact is that I do not know anything about him.
5.It is well-known that...众所周知……
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)众所周知，中国剪纸是一种具有悠久历史的民间艺术。
It is well-known that Chinese paper-cutting is a folk art with a long history.
6.whenever引导时间状语从句
你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。
You can ask for help whenever you need it.
单元语法
1．My father said my brother’s suggestion was practical, and this was where I completely agreed.
2．He didn’t buy that flat last week.That’s because he didn’t have enough money.
3．I understand how you feel and we’ll try to do our best to help you.
4．Do you know who will be in charge of the project?
5．The question is how we can finish our task in time.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．汤姆在盯着一张照片看。(stare at)
2．这张照片使他回忆起被叔叔养大的日子。(bring up)
3．当时叔叔不允许他花很多时间玩电脑。(permit)
4．一天，叔叔出去了，他冒险打开了叔叔的电脑。(take a chance)
5．他无意中(在电脑上)看到了《百万英镑》的一幕。(by caaident; scene)
6．叔叔回来后，没介意他偷玩电脑； 正相反， 叔叔跟他一起看《百万英镑》。(mind; in the contrary)
7．这就是他喜欢美国文学的原因。(account for)
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One possible version：
Tom is staring at a photo, which reminds him of the days when he was brought up by his uncle. At that time his uncle didn’t permit him to spend much time playing the computer.One day, his uncle went out and he took a chance to turn on his uncle’s computer.He watched a scene of The Million Pound Bank Note by accident. When his uncle returned, he didn’t mind him/his playing the computer; on the contrary, they watched The Million Pound Bank Note together.This can account for his love for American literature.
课件20张PPT。按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
