握手是人与人问候的基本礼仪，但方式不同，表达的意义也大不相同。
The Secret of the Successful Handshake
The secret of the successful handshake is no secret anymore. Management consultant Robert E. Brown explains what shaking hands is all about in his book, The Art, the Power, the Magic: How to Read Hands That Talk.
For example, to do the “All-American Handshake”， you have to look into another person’s eyes, hold his or her whole hand, two or three times. According to Brown, this is the handshake of a good listener and trustworthy person.
Politicians and salespeople often use the “Two-Handed Handshake” because it’s extra-friendly. They put their left hand on the other person’s arm or shoulder as they shake hands. This can feel too friendly to some people, so it’s best to use it with good friends.
Watch out for people with handshakes that pull your fingers, or twist(扭转) your hand. If you get one of these handshakes, the person is trying to intimidate(恐吓) you.
Two more uncomfortable handshakes are the “Palm Pinch” and the “Dead Fish”. A Palm Pincher shakes your hand with only a few fingers. In the Dead Fish handshake, the person’s hand slides out of the handshake. It’s possible that the people with these handshakes are embarrassed(尴尬的) or shy.
Shaking hands is an important part of body language. It can identify someone as truthful, friendly, powerful, or nervous. It’s hard to be successful without knowing about a good handshake such as the All-American. If this isn’t your natural handshake, don’t worry. Mr Brown says that you can change your handshake with lots of practice. So, go on out there and start shaking hands. Just think of all the people you can meet!
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.dormitory n. 宿舍
2.canteen n. 食堂
3.approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近
n. 接近；方法；途径
4.cheek n. 面颊
5.major adj. 主要的
6.adult n. 成人；成年人
adj. 成人的；成熟的
7.dash vi. 猛冲；突进
8.flight__n. 飞行；航班
拓展词汇
9.likely adj.可能的→unlikely adj.不可能的
10.statement n．陈述；说明→state v．陈述；说明
11.greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候→greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼
12.represent vt.代表；象征→representation n．代表，代表团；代理→representative adj.代表性的 n．代表，代理人
13.association n．社团；联系；联想→associate v．把……联系起来
14.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心
15.defend vt.保护；保卫→defence n．防御；保卫
16.misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会
阅读词汇
17.simply adv. 简单地；只
18.Muslim n．& adj. 穆斯林(的);__伊斯兰教信徒(的)
19.posture n. 姿势；体态
20.crossroads n. 十字路口
重点短语
1.put__up 举起；抬起
2.in__defence 保卫；防御
3.kiss__sb.on__the__cheek 亲吻某人的脸
4.be__likely__to 很可能……；有希望……
5.in__general 总的来说；通常
6.defend...against 防御；保卫……以免受
重点句型
1.the first/second/.../last＋名词＋to do...：The__first__person__to__arrive(第一个到达的人) was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
2.状语从句的省略：She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as__if__in__defence(好像是在自卫).
3.not all...表示部分否定：Not__all__cultures(并不是所有文化) greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and do the following exercises.
1．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Communication. B．Spoken language.
C．Body language. D．Different cultures.
答案：C
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．To suggest studying international customs.
Paras.2－3 B．To meet the international students at the Capital International Airport.
Para.4 C．To introduce the students to each other and explain their different ways of greeting.
Para.5 D．To explain different cultural “body language” in some countries.
答案：BCDA
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．In which of the following countries do people greet each other in the same way?
A．Colombia and Britain.
B．Spain and Italy.
C．France and Jordan.
D．China and Japan.
2．How does the text develop?
A．By giving examples. B．By giving data.
C．By giving definition. D．By making comparisons.
3．What’s the purpose of the second paragraph?
A．To give examples of mistakes the international students make.
B．To give examples of cultural differences in body language.
C．To show how surprised we are by their different behavior.
D．To show how important body language is.
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Never too old to learn.
B．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
C．Four eyes see more than two.
D．Every country has its own customs.
答案：1－4.BABB
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know.
本句是一个复合句。句子的主语是They，since引导的是原因状语从句，在从句中when引导的是时间状语从句。
[翻译] 两个人握了握手，并且在对方的面颊上亲吻了两下。因为法国成年人见到他们认识的人时通常就是这么做的。
2．In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken “language” through physical distance, actions or posture.
本句是一个复合句。In the same way that...是句子的状语，way是先行词，关系代词that引导的是定语从句。句子的主语是they；using unspoken “language” through physical distance, actions or posture是现在分词作伴随状语。
[翻译] 如同用口头语言交流一样，人们还使用无声的语言——身体间的距离、动作或姿势，来表达他们的情感。
3．Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.
本句是一个并列句，并列连词but连接两个分句。在第二个分句中，Japanese是先行词，who引导的是非限制性定语从句。
[翻译] 现在世界上多数人见面时握手相互问候，但有些文化(背景的人)会采取另外一些寒暄的方式。比方说，日本人就更愿意鞠躬。
①represent[?reprI'zent]vt.代表；象征
②association[??s??sI'eI?n]n.社团；联系；联想
③dormitory['d??mItrI]n.宿舍
④canteen[k?n'ti?n]n.食堂
⑤flight[flaIt]n.飞行；航班
⑥curiously['kj??rI?slI]adv.好奇地
curious['kj??rI?s]adj.好奇的
curiosity[?kj??rI'?sItI]n.好奇心
⑦greet[ɡri?t]vi.& vt. 迎接；问候；和(某人)打招呼(或问好)
⑧approach[?'pr??t?]vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近 n．接近；方法；途径
⑨kiss sb.on the cheek亲吻某人的脸颊
cheek[t?i?k]n.面颊
⑩in defence保卫；防御
defence[dI'fens]n.防御；保卫
defend[dI'fend]vt.保护；保卫
defend...against防御；保卫……以免受
?major['meId??]adj.主要的
?misunderstanding n．误解；误会
misunderstand[?mIs?nd?'st?nd]vt.误解；误会
?reach one’s hand out to sb.向某人伸出手
?bow[ba?] v．鞠躬
?dash[d??]vi.猛冲；突进
?adult['?d?lt；US ?'d?lt]
n．成人；成年人 adj.成人的；成熟的
?on the contrary 与此相反，恰恰相反
contrary to sth.与某事相反
?simply['sImplI]adv.简单地；只
?get to do sth.逐渐做某事
get之后的动词不定式多为表示认知过程或心理变化的动词，如get to know, get to understand, get to realize, get to admit等。
?spoken['sp??k?n]adj. 口语的，口头的
posture['p?st??]n.姿势
be likely to很可能……；有希望……
likely['laIklI]adj.可能的
as well此处意为“也，又”，相当于副词too，多置于肯定句的句末。
prefer[prI'f??(r)]v.更喜欢
prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事
in general(＝generally speaking)总的来说；通常(写文章或说话时作总结用的插入语)
though在此处为副词，意为“然而”。
crossroads['kr?sr??dz]n.十字路口
at the/a crossroads(人生或发展)处于关键时刻，在紧要关头
【核心素养链接】
在面对面的沟通中，人们大部分的信息交流是通过无声的身体语言实现的。身体语言，也称肢体语言，是指非词语性的身体符号，包括目光与面部表情、身体运动与触摸、身体姿势与外表、身体之间的空间距离等。通过身体语言实现的沟通，称作身体语言沟通。身体语言在人际沟通中有着口头语言所不能替代的作用。因此，要了解他人，我们就要善于观察对方的身体语言；而在沟通的时候，要善于利用自己的身体语言，以便于更好地表达自己。
COMMUNICATION：NO PROBLEM?
Yesterday, another student and I, representing①our university’s student association②， went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. They were coming to study at Beijing University. We would take them first to their dormitories③and then to the student canteen④. After half an hour of waiting for their flight⑤to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously⑥. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet⑦ them.
◆现在分词短语representing our university’s student association作定语，前后有逗号隔开，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
◆现在分词短语looking around curiously作伴随状语。
◆现在分词短语watching them作伴随状语。 The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached⑧ Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek⑨！She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that there was probably a major? misunderstanding?. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to? the Japanese student. Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed? so his nose touched George’s moving hand. They both apologized—another cultural mistake!
◆本句中closely followed by...是过去分词短语作状语。The first person to arrive意思是“第一个到达的人”，不定式to arrive作后置定语，修饰person。The first person与arrive之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
◆现在分词短语appearing surprised作伴随状语；as if in defence是as if she was in defence的省略。
Ahmed Aziz, another international student, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to ask a question and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing? through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face. They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults? meet people they know. Ahmed Aziz, on the contrary?， simply? nodded at the girls. Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.
◆现在分词短语dashing through the door作状语，修饰came。 As I get to know? more international friends, I learn more about this cultural “body language”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people communicate with spoken? language, they also express their feelings using unspoken “language” through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to others or touch strangers as soon as they meet. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow．
◆“Not all...”表示部分否定，意为“并非所有的……都……”。nor are they comfortable为倒装结构，nor或neither位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装结构。
◆现在分词短语using unspoken “language”作方式状语。
◆who在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Japanese。
These actions are not good or bad，but are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general—not all members of a culture behave in the same way．In general，though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!
◆in which cultures have developed是in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词ways。
◆not与表示整体或全部意义的词all, every等连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都是，并非每个都是”。
◆动名词短语studying international customs在句中作主语。
交际：没有问题吗？
昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们大学的学生会，到首都国际机场迎接今年的留学生。他们是来北京大学学习的。我们首先要把他们带到宿舍，然后(领他们)去学生餐厅。在等了他们的航班半个小时后，我看到几个年轻人走进了等候区，他们好奇地四处张望。站在那里观察了他们一会儿后，我走上前去和他们打招呼。
第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。在与他们见面，然后介绍他们彼此认识后，我(对看到的情景)感到很吃惊。托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸颊！她后退(几步)，看上去很吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。我猜想这里可能有个大的误会。接着，来自日本的永田明微笑着走了进来，和他一起的还有来自加拿大的乔治·库克。当我为他们作介绍时，乔治把手伸向了这位日本学生，正在那时永田明正向乔治鞠躬，结果他的鼻子碰到了乔治伸过来的手，他们彼此道了歉——又一个文化上的错误！
另外一名国际学生，艾哈迈德·阿齐兹来自约旦。昨天我们见面，我进行自我介绍时，他靠得我很近。我往后退了一点儿，他又靠近些，问了我一个问题，然后同我握手。当来自法国的达琳·库隆从门口匆忙进来时，她认出了托尼·加西亚的微笑的面孔。两人握了握手，并且在对方的面颊上亲吻了两下。因为法国成年人见到他们认识的人时通常就是这么做的。恰恰相反，艾哈迈德·阿齐兹只是向那些女孩儿们点了点头。来自中东和其他伊斯兰国家的男士在谈话时通常站在离其他男士很近的地方，但一般不会(用身体)触碰女士。
随着认识的国际朋友越来越多，我对“肢体语言”这种文化有了更多的了解。各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。如同用口头语言交流一样，人们还使用无声的语言——身体间的距离、动作或姿势，来表达他们的情感。比如，英国人通常不站得离别人太近，也不会一见面就(用身体)触碰陌生人。不过，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能会(用身体)接触对方。现在世界上多数人见面时握手相互问候，但有些文化(背景的人)会采取另外一些寒暄的方式。比方说，日本人就更愿意鞠躬。
这些行为无所谓好坏，它们仅仅是文化发展的不同方式而已。然而，我发现身体语言的文化习俗是非常普遍的——并非同一种(民族)文化中的成员的行为都一样。但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的风俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难！
阅读理解
A
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) this week showed its yearly Arctic(北极的) report. It included a list of problems that the Arctic was facing. “Arctic sea ice remains younger, thinner and covers less area than in the past，” the NOAA report said. The report’s lead author, Emily Osborne, said that full Arctic area was experiencing the greatest change in human history.
Scientist Walid Abdalati used the word “scary” to describe what was happening in the Arctic. He is a former chief scientist at the American space agency NASA and the director of the University of Colorado’s environmental science program. “It’s a new Arctic. We’ve gone from white to blue，” Abdalati said, describing the increasingly ice-free waters.
The report said continued warming in the Arctic was driving change in the environmental system in predicted, and also unexpected, ways. “A more concerning problem was the record-low(历史新低的) levels of winter sea ice in the Bering Sea，” scientists said. “The Bering Sea early this year lost an area of ice—the area of Idaho，” said Dartmouth College professor Donald Perovich. He is a co-writer of the report. The western American state of Idaho is over 200，000 square kilometers.
Gay Sheffield is a marine(海洋的) animal scientist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. She is studying the record-low ice and its effects. She lives in Nome, an Alaskan city that sits on the Bering Sea. She has noticed the decrease in sea ice herself. And she told other scientists this week at the yearly American Geophysical meeting that her town still had open water. This is extremely unusual for the month of December.
She also said the area around Nome had seen environmental change because of the lack of sea ice, adding that many species of ocean life had died...
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现，北极的冰融化得很快，很多地方都没有冰了，这一变化对那里的环境也造成了影响。
1．What did the NOAA report show this week?
A．The Arctic was losing its ice quickly.
B．A lot of new sea ice formed in the Arctic.
C．Humans were faced with a list of problems.
D．Humans were experiencing the greatest change ever.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It included a list of problems that the Arctic was facing. “Arctic sea ice remains younger, thinner and covers less area than in the past，”．..可知，这个报告表明北极的冰正在快速融化。
2．How does Walid Abdalati most probably feel about the Arctic’s condition?
A．Interested. B．Confused.
C．Concerned. D．Excited.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Scientist Walid Abdalati used the word “scary” to describe what was happening in the Arctic.及It’s a new Arctic. We’ve gone from white to blue可推断，北极的情况让Walid Abdalati很担心。
3．What can we learn about Gay Sheffield’s town?
A．It is very far from the Arctic.
B．It doesn’t have a lot of marine animals.
C．It has become much colder than before.
D．It usually has no open water in December.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的．..her town still had open water. This is extremely unusual for the month of December.可知，一般情况下十二月份的时候那里户外的水都结冰了。
B
What do hand gestures mean around the world? Here are some common hand gestures. If you don’t want to use them wrongly, read on.
In most of the world, the thumbs-up(翘起大拇指) sign means the same thing. You are basically saying that “everything is OK” or showing acceptance or praise. But in the Middle East, it is a very bad gesture. Well, let’s just say it’s better to avoid it if you’re there. Putting your thumb up in Thailand is not a good way to make friends, either.
The sign of the horns(角) is a hand gesture with different meanings and uses in different cultures. It is formed by extending the index finger(食指) and the little finger while holding other fingers down. In most of the world, “rock on” is the first thing that comes to mind when you see these horns. But in some countries like India, it is the same as “touch wood” in meaning, which is related to keeping bad luck away.
In most of the world, people will consider the beckoning(招手示意) sign to be “come here”. But this gesture also has other meanings. In Japan and other parts of Asia, beckoning is a sign of disrespect and it’s only used for dogs or other home-raised animals. You really need to take this seriously because in Philippines, you could even be taken into prison for using it!
The “V” sign, if done correctly, is safe all around the world. The “V” sign was used as a sign of peace, and specially became popular during the Vietnam War. Today the whole world considers this as a positive sign, connected with peace or being happy. However, the “V” sign can have a negative meaning if it appears with the hand palm facing yourself. In England and Australia, doing the sign this way basically means “up yours”．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。同一手势在不同文化中的含义可能会不一样，我们在别的国家使用这些手势时需要小心。
4. To get rid of bad luck, what do Indians probably do?
A．Put their two hands together.
B．Make the sign of the horns.
C．Have their thumbs down.
D．Touch the wood.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的But in some countries like India, it is the same as “touch wood” in meaning, which is related to keeping bad luck away.可知，印度人会用这个手势来寻求好运。
5．What can we learn about the beckoning sign from Paragraph 4?
A．It’s very widely used in Japan.
B．It’s usually used by prisoners in Philippines.
C．It means something good in most Asian countries.
D．It can cause trouble for people using it in Philippines.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的You really need to take this seriously because in Philippines, you could even be taken into prison for using it！可知，在菲律宾用这个手势有可能会招致牢狱之灾。
6．Why was the “V” sign most probably used at first?
A．To encourage peace.
B．To show anger in a war.
C．To ask someone to come up.
D．To express pleasure of success.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据末段中的The “V” sign was used as a sign of peace, and specially became popular during the Vietnam War.可知答案。
C
When something goes wrong in your life, who do you blame(责怪)? I’ve ever heard someone say, “I’m in so much debt(债务) because the economy is bad and everything is so expensive. It’s not my fault.” And another girl said, “My mother always criticized me when I was a child. That’s why I suffer from low confidence and have made so many bad choices.” Sadly, many people think others should be responsible for what isn’t working in their life.
Actually, what they don’t realize is that blame will badly influence their personal power. Just take a look at the word itself: BLAME. Can you see the two other words hidden within? Lame and Me. Lame can mean “weak”. Blaming others and trying to find excuses from others are very weak. But responsibility is power. When people take full responsibility for their life—the situations they’re in, the way they feel, and the choices they make, no one has power over them.
When things go wrong, you may not be able to control what happens around you, but you can certainly decide how you’re going to deal with it and how you will allow it to affect you. You can look for a well-paid job, and scale__back your expenses(开支). Then pay off your bills gradually and become debt-free finally. Your mother’s hurtful comments on you aren’t truth. You can remind yourself that you are a valuable person and that you can do something. Then, begin making more correct decisions about your life. Positively face the situation and don’t let it have bad influence on you. Otherwise, you will remain stuck in the past and continue to hold your mother responsible for your suffering.
No one should be responsible for your life except you. Be determined to become the person you admire and create the life you desire. Don’t let go of your happiness and success. So blame no one.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。当事情出现差错时，不要责备他人，自己要勇于承担责任。只有这样，你才能吸取经验教训，振作精神，朝着成功的方向迈进。
7．What does the first paragraph mainly show?
A．Many people don’t know about themselves well.
B．Most people have no courage to admit their mistakes.
C．Many people tend to blame others when facing trouble.
D．Most people are easily influenced by the environment around them.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的内容尤其是最后一句可知，第一段主要是想表达很多人遇到困难时都倾向于责怪他人。
8．What does the author want to tell us by explaining the word “blame” ?
A．People blaming others appear selfish.
B．Blame can do harm to people’s health.
C．The word should be carefully used in daily life.
D．Taking responsibility can increase personal power.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Actually, what they don’t realize is that blame will badly influence their personal power.及When people take full responsibility for their life...no one has power over them.可知，分析解释这个词是为了告诉我们，责怪只会削弱我们的力量，只有承担责任才会使自己变强大。
9．What does the underlined phrase “scale back” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Ignore. B．Reduce.
C．Record. D．Calculate.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词组前后的内容可知，作者是针对第一段中的例子具体说明解决办法。如果你负债累累，你可以寻找工资高的工作并“减少”花销，逐步还清账单，最终实现零债务。
10．What does the author think we should do when things go wrong?
A．Avoid taking responsibility quickly.
B．Stop immediately and ask others for help.
C．Prevent bad situations from influencing us.
D．Look back on the past and find the reasons.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的第一句及Positively face the situation and don’t let it have bad influence on you.可知，作者认为我们虽然控制不了事情的发生，但我们可以选择解决的办法，可以积极应对，避免让糟糕的情况影响我们。
七选五
Your parents have done a lot for you over the years and you may want to show them how thankful you are. 1.________ You want to tell your parents how much you love them, but you may don’t know how to do so. Fortunately, here are some ways that may help you.
Ask them about their life experiences. The most valuable thing you can offer your parents is your time, and they will really appreciate you doing so. Sitting down with your parents and asking them about their lives can show you care about and take an interest in them. 2.________
Participate(参与) in their hobbies. A great way to bond(建立互信关系) with your parents is doing something they are interested in. If your parents have interests or hobbies, participate with them. They will appreciate you showing interest in what they like and the time you spend with them. 3.________ If they attend a book club, ask them if you can join in.
4．________ Your parents may have been cooking for you your entire life. Now it is your turn to cook a meal for them. Spare a few hours and cook a meal from the heart! Don’t worry if your meal isn’t perfect. Your parents won’t mind that. They will only appreciate the time and effort you put into the meal.
Tell them often that you love them. You may think that your parents already know you love them. Even if this is true, it’s nice to hear those three little words. 5.________ You may be amazed at how happy it will make them.
A．Cook them a meal.
B．Tell them your favorite food.
C．Tell your parents you love them whenever you can.
D．For example, if they enjoy sports, go to the gym with them.
E．However, putting your words into actions may seem difficult.
F．You may even learn something about them you never knew before.
G．You should make an effort to include your parents in what’s happening to you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了如何向父母表达自己对他们的爱。
1．E 解析：本空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的转折关系。前一句讲你可能想向你父母展示你是多么地爱他们，此句指出：然而，把你的语言变成行动似乎很难。然后引出下文。
2．F 解析：本空设于段尾，与前一句形成递进关系。前一句讲和父母坐在一起，询问他们的生活可以表现你关心他们并且对他们的生活感兴趣。此句进一步指出，你或许可以了解到与他们有关的一些你从来不知道的事。
3．D 解析：本空设于段中，是对前一句的进一步解释。此句和后一句都是对前一句进行解释，具体指出如何花时间来陪父母做他们感兴趣的事情。
4．A 解析：本空设于段首，是本段的主题句。后文的内容都是围绕此句展开说明的，本段主要提出抽时间来给父母做一顿饭。
5．C 解析：本空设于段中，与下一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。下一句中的them指代的就是本句中的your parents。
课件47张PPT。Unit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languageUnit 4 Body languagedormitorycanteenapproachcheekmajoradultdashflightlikelystatementgreetrepresentassociationcuriousdefendmisunderstand 简单地；只穆斯林(的); 伊斯兰教信徒(的)姿势；体态十字路口put upin defencekiss sb.on the cheekbe likely toin generaldefend...againstThe first person to arriveas if in defenceNot all cultures原因状语时间状语定语从句伴随状语but非限制性定语本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) this week showed its yearly Arctic(北极的) report. It included a list of problems that the Arctic was facing. “Arctic sea ice remains younger, thinner and covers less area than in the past，” the NOAA report said. The report’s lead author, Emily Osborne, said that full Arctic area was experiencing the greatest change in human history.
Scientist Walid Abdalati used the word “scary” to describe what was happening in the Arctic. He is a former chief scientist at the American space agency NASA and the director of the University of Colorado’s environmental science program. “It’s a new Arctic. We’ve gone from white to blue，” Abdalati said, describing the increasingly ice-free waters.
The report said continued warming in the Arctic was driving change in the environmental system in predicted, and also unexpected, ways. “A more concerning problem was the record-low(历史新低的) levels of winter sea ice in the Bering Sea，” scientists said. “The Bering Sea early this year lost an area of ice—the area of Idaho，” said Dartmouth College professor Donald Perovich. He is a co-writer of the report. The western American state of Idaho is over 200，000 square kilometers.
Gay Sheffield is a marine(海洋的) animal scientist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. She is studying the record-low ice and its effects. She lives in Nome, an Alaskan city that sits on the Bering Sea. She has noticed the decrease in sea ice herself. And she told other scientists this week at the yearly American Geophysical meeting that her town still had open water. This is extremely unusual for the month of December.
She also said the area around Nome had seen environmental change because of the lack of sea ice, adding that many species of ocean life had died...
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现，北极的冰融化得很快，很多地方都没有冰了，这一变化对那里的环境也造成了影响。
1．What did the NOAA report show this week?
A．The Arctic was losing its ice quickly.
B．A lot of new sea ice formed in the Arctic.
C．Humans were faced with a list of problems.
D．Humans were experiencing the greatest change ever.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It included a list of problems that the Arctic was facing. “Arctic sea ice remains younger, thinner and covers less area than in the past，”．..可知，这个报告表明北极的冰正在快速融化。
2．How does Walid Abdalati most probably feel about the Arctic’s condition?
A．Interested. B．Confused.
C．Concerned. D．Excited.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Scientist Walid Abdalati used the word “scary” to describe what was happening in the Arctic.及It’s a new Arctic. We’ve gone from white to blue可推断，北极的情况让Walid Abdalati很担心。
3．What can we learn about Gay Sheffield’s town?
A．It is very far from the Arctic.
B．It doesn’t have a lot of marine animals.
C．It has become much colder than before.
D．It usually has no open water in December.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的．..her town still had open water. This is extremely unusual for the month of December.可知，一般情况下十二月份的时候那里户外的水都结冰了。
B
What do hand gestures mean around the world? Here are some common hand gestures. If you don’t want to use them wrongly, read on.
In most of the world, the thumbs-up(翘起大拇指) sign means the same thing. You are basically saying that “everything is OK” or showing acceptance or praise. But in the Middle East, it is a very bad gesture. Well, let’s just say it’s better to avoid it if you’re there. Putting your thumb up in Thailand is not a good way to make friends, either.
The sign of the horns(角) is a hand gesture with different meanings and uses in different cultures. It is formed by extending the index finger(食指) and the little finger while holding other fingers down. In most of the world, “rock on” is the first thing that comes to mind when you see these horns. But in some countries like India, it is the same as “touch wood” in meaning, which is related to keeping bad luck away.
In most of the world, people will consider the beckoning(招手示意) sign to be “come here”. But this gesture also has other meanings. In Japan and other parts of Asia, beckoning is a sign of disrespect and it’s only used for dogs or other home-raised animals. You really need to take this seriously because in Philippines, you could even be taken into prison for using it!
The “V” sign, if done correctly, is safe all around the world. The “V” sign was used as a sign of peace, and specially became popular during the Vietnam War. Today the whole world considers this as a positive sign, connected with peace or being happy. However, the “V” sign can have a negative meaning if it appears with the hand palm facing yourself. In England and Australia, doing the sign this way basically means “up yours”．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。同一手势在不同文化中的含义可能会不一样，我们在别的国家使用这些手势时需要小心。
4. To get rid of bad luck, what do Indians probably do?
A．Put their two hands together.
B．Make the sign of the horns.
C．Have their thumbs down.
D．Touch the wood.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的But in some countries like India, it is the same as “touch wood” in meaning, which is related to keeping bad luck away.可知，印度人会用这个手势来寻求好运。
5．What can we learn about the beckoning sign from Paragraph 4?
A．It’s very widely used in Japan.
B．It’s usually used by prisoners in Philippines.
C．It means something good in most Asian countries.
D．It can cause trouble for people using it in Philippines.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的You really need to take this seriously because in Philippines, you could even be taken into prison for using it！可知，在菲律宾用这个手势有可能会招致牢狱之灾。
6．Why was the “V” sign most probably used at first?
A．To encourage peace.
B．To show anger in a war.
C．To ask someone to come up.
D．To express pleasure of success.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据末段中的The “V” sign was used as a sign of peace, and specially became popular during the Vietnam War.可知答案。
C
When something goes wrong in your life, who do you blame(责怪)? I’ve ever heard someone say, “I’m in so much debt(债务) because the economy is bad and everything is so expensive. It’s not my fault.” And another girl said, “My mother always criticized me when I was a child. That’s why I suffer from low confidence and have made so many bad choices.” Sadly, many people think others should be responsible for what isn’t working in their life.
Actually, what they don’t realize is that blame will badly influence their personal power. Just take a look at the word itself: BLAME. Can you see the two other words hidden within? Lame and Me. Lame can mean “weak”. Blaming others and trying to find excuses from others are very weak. But responsibility is power. When people take full responsibility for their life—the situations they’re in, the way they feel, and the choices they make, no one has power over them.
When things go wrong, you may not be able to control what happens around you, but you can certainly decide how you’re going to deal with it and how you will allow it to affect you. You can look for a well-paid job, and scale__back your expenses(开支). Then pay off your bills gradually and become debt-free finally. Your mother’s hurtful comments on you aren’t truth. You can remind yourself that you are a valuable person and that you can do something. Then, begin making more correct decisions about your life. Positively face the situation and don’t let it have bad influence on you. Otherwise, you will remain stuck in the past and continue to hold your mother responsible for your suffering.
No one should be responsible for your life except you. Be determined to become the person you admire and create the life you desire. Don’t let go of your happiness and success. So blame no one.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。当事情出现差错时，不要责备他人，自己要勇于承担责任。只有这样，你才能吸取经验教训，振作精神，朝着成功的方向迈进。
7．What does the first paragraph mainly show?
A．Many people don’t know about themselves well.
B．Most people have no courage to admit their mistakes.
C．Many people tend to blame others when facing trouble.
D．Most people are easily influenced by the environment around them.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的内容尤其是最后一句可知，第一段主要是想表达很多人遇到困难时都倾向于责怪他人。
8．What does the author want to tell us by explaining the word “blame” ?
A．People blaming others appear selfish.
B．Blame can do harm to people’s health.
C．The word should be carefully used in daily life.
D．Taking responsibility can increase personal power.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的Actually, what they don’t realize is that blame will badly influence their personal power.及When people take full responsibility for their life...no one has power over them.可知，分析解释这个词是为了告诉我们，责怪只会削弱我们的力量，只有承担责任才会使自己变强大。
9．What does the underlined phrase “scale back” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Ignore. B．Reduce.
C．Record. D．Calculate.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词组前后的内容可知，作者是针对第一段中的例子具体说明解决办法。如果你负债累累，你可以寻找工资高的工作并“减少”花销，逐步还清账单，最终实现零债务。
10．What does the author think we should do when things go wrong?
A．Avoid taking responsibility quickly.
B．Stop immediately and ask others for help.
C．Prevent bad situations from influencing us.
D．Look back on the past and find the reasons.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的第一句及Positively face the situation and don’t let it have bad influence on you.可知，作者认为我们虽然控制不了事情的发生，但我们可以选择解决的办法，可以积极应对，避免让糟糕的情况影响我们。
七选五
Your parents have done a lot for you over the years and you may want to show them how thankful you are. 1.________ You want to tell your parents how much you love them, but you may don’t know how to do so. Fortunately, here are some ways that may help you.
Ask them about their life experiences. The most valuable thing you can offer your parents is your time, and they will really appreciate you doing so. Sitting down with your parents and asking them about their lives can show you care about and take an interest in them. 2.________
Participate(参与) in their hobbies. A great way to bond(建立互信关系) with your parents is doing something they are interested in. If your parents have interests or hobbies, participate with them. They will appreciate you showing interest in what they like and the time you spend with them. 3.________ If they attend a book club, ask them if you can join in.
4．________ Your parents may have been cooking for you your entire life. Now it is your turn to cook a meal for them. Spare a few hours and cook a meal from the heart! Don’t worry if your meal isn’t perfect. Your parents won’t mind that. They will only appreciate the time and effort you put into the meal.
Tell them often that you love them. You may think that your parents already know you love them. Even if this is true, it’s nice to hear those three little words. 5.________ You may be amazed at how happy it will make them.
A．Cook them a meal.
B．Tell them your favorite food.
C．Tell your parents you love them whenever you can.
D．For example, if they enjoy sports, go to the gym with them.
E．However, putting your words into actions may seem difficult.
F．You may even learn something about them you never knew before.
G．You should make an effort to include your parents in what’s happening to you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了如何向父母表达自己对他们的爱。
1．E 解析：本空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的转折关系。前一句讲你可能想向你父母展示你是多么地爱他们，此句指出：然而，把你的语言变成行动似乎很难。然后引出下文。
2．F 解析：本空设于段尾，与前一句形成递进关系。前一句讲和父母坐在一起，询问他们的生活可以表现你关心他们并且对他们的生活感兴趣。此句进一步指出，你或许可以了解到与他们有关的一些你从来不知道的事。
3．D 解析：本空设于段中，是对前一句的进一步解释。此句和后一句都是对前一句进行解释，具体指出如何花时间来陪父母做他们感兴趣的事情。
4．A 解析：本空设于段首，是本段的主题句。后文的内容都是围绕此句展开说明的，本段主要提出抽时间来给父母做一顿饭。
5．C 解析：本空设于段中，与下一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。下一句中的them指代的就是本句中的your parents。
课件34张PPT。Unit 4 Body languagegreetedgreetingstoRepresentingto knowcuriouslycuriouscuriosityapproachesapproachesbuildingWith the college entrance examination approaching/around the cornerto defenddefencemyselfAs a graduate majoring in the English languageit is more likely thatIn general, her composition is goodto knowto witnessto visitthe first Chinese to go to space waitingto say本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The association(社团) founded in this high school is to keep the school clean. It calls on all the students to avoid using plastic bags in the dormitory(宿舍) and canteen(食堂)．
2．Adults often misunderstand(误解) their children. They think that it is impolite to dash(猛冲) into the room without knocking at the door.
3．The mother defended(保卫) her child from the mad dog and was injured.
4．The man who witnessed the accident made a statement(陈述) to the police.
5．When you greet(欢迎) someone, you say “Hello” or shake hands with them.
6．Tomorrow morning the secretary will represent(代表) the president at the meeting to deliver a speech.
7．The flight(航班) from New York to London takes about 7 hours.
8．It was not until the late afternoon that he began to deal with the major(主要的) problem.
9．When approaching(接近) the forest, he focused his attention on the surrounding environment.
10．Judging from his facial(面部的) expression, he is content with the result.
完成句子
1．首先要记住的是：你必须要乐意去学。
The__first__thing__to__remember is that you must be willing to learn.
2．很可能明天我们去森林里野餐。
It__is__likely__that we’ll go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.
3．不是每个人都能在危急时刻保持镇定的。
Not__everyone__can__keep__calm when in trouble.
4．这护士照顾这位病人仿佛在照顾她亲戚似的。
The nurse attends on the patient as__if__he__were her relative.
5．汤姆和他的两个朋友被邀请参加晚会。
Tom, together with two of his friends was__invited__to__the__party．
6．通常来说，比起自己，父母更关心孩子的健康。
In__general，parents care more about their children’s health than about their own.
课文语法填空
Not all cultures greet each other the same way.That is, every country 1.has(have) its own way to express feelings. People communicate with unspoken language as well as 2.spoken(speak) language.In Colombia, people touch one’s shoulder and kiss one on 3.the cheek. In Britain, people don’t touch each other.In Japan, people bow to each other when they meet. In France, people shake hands and kiss each other 4.twice(two) on each cheek. In Jordan, men nod at women. People also express their feelings 5.using(use) unspoken language through physical 6.distance(distant), actions or posture. For example, English people don’t usually stand very close to others or touch strangers. However, people from Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others very closely and are more likely 7.to__touch(touch) others.
These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in 8.which cultures have developed. 9.In general, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of 10.cultural(culture) crossroads!
单句语法填空
1．She knows very little French; this often leads to misunderstandings(misunderstand)．
2．Some studies show a strong association(associate) between air pollution and the disease.
3．Mary has booked a flight(fly) from New York to London.
4．After the usual greetings(greet) and some remarks about the weather, the men got down to their own business.
5．They came up with several approaches to solving(solve) the problem, but some were not practical.
6．The trees planted at the end of the 1990s have become a powerful defence(defend) against the strong wind.
7．I hope to acquire more knowledge of nursing because I want to major in nursing profession in college.
8．They looked around the room as if looking(look) for something.
9．I tried to appear at ease when the foreign guest greeted me by kissing me on the cheek.
10．The girl is so hard-working that she is always the first to__arrive(arrive) at school.
阅读理解
Nowadays, we all live in a digital(数字的) world. And today’s schools are buying fewer textbooks and are more often using them only as classroom or library reference materials or to teach special topics. Many schools are trying to spend more and more money on digital materials to help teaching. But it’s not all good news. Schools are also facing new difficulties brought on by going digital.
Textbooks are easy to use, but the same is not necessarily true for digital education resources(资源). They’re different in quality, and choosing the right resources can be a big difficulty for schools. In this case, it means that a teacher’s ability to choose good digital resources has become particularly important for digital teaching. Teachers need to be able to find the right resources for their lessons and make sure they’re of high quality.
Yet most teachers can hardly get the opportunity to learn how to choose and make their students accept those digital materials easily. Therefore, although good digital teaching resources exist, not enough teachers are able to make good use of them. Research shows that most teachers are not confident when they are asked about their knowledge and skills in digital material choosing.
There’s also a question of cost. Well-equipped schools are positive about “going digital”， beginning to reduce their textbook costs to buy more digital materials. However, a lot of schools struggle to cover the costs of making this transition. Similarly, some schools in remote(偏远的) areas find it difficult to have wireless(无线的) or high-speed Internet services needed for digital learning. So it’s really impossible for these schools to go digital in a short time.
It’s true that digital teaching has many advantages. For example, digital materials can support classroom learning topics, and introduce different teaching methods for each student’s unique learning needs. Besides, children can develop positive feelings from mastering new knowledge and skills by using digital learning tools. However, schools’ going digital still faces a lot of problems. To really make good use of digital learning resources, schools should try to solve these problems first.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文中指出了现在很多学校进行数字化教育，但是学习资料和费用是很大的问题。
1．According to Paragraph 1, what are many schools trying to do?
A．To choose better textbooks for students.
B．To find more library reference materials.
C．To discourage teachers from using textbooks.
D．To introduce digital materials to class teaching.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Many schools are trying to spend more and more money on digital materials to help teaching.可知，现在的很多学校都在努力使用数字化资料来教学。
2．What problem do today’s teachers face?
A．Having too many textbooks to choose from.
B．Having to totally change their ways of teaching.
C．Having to find good digital resources for teaching.
D．Having to spend much money on digital materials.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的They’re different in quality, and choosing the right resources can be a big difficulty for schools. In this case, it means that a teacher’s ability to choose good digital resources has become particularly important for digital teaching.可知，老师们面临的难题就是要寻找好的电子教学资料。
3．What does the underlined word “transition” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Change. B．Effort.
C．Mistake. D．Promise.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据前一句Well-equipped schools are positive about “going digital”， beginning to reduce their textbook costs to buy more digital materials.可知，设备齐全的学校都在开始减少课本的花费而买更多的电子教学资料，因此可推测，画线词意为“改变”。
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards schools’ going digital?
A．She thinks it’s a waste of money.
B．She is very concerned about its future.
C．She thinks it will soon become popular.
D．She supports it but thinks there’re still problems.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段的前半部分可知，作者认为学校进行数字化转变是有益处的。但后半部分也指出了，在数字化教学的路上，仍然还需要解决一些问题。
完形填空
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese(鹅)? There was only one way to __1__. So on a cold January evening, the two friends went onto the frozen pond(结冰的池塘) near their homes in Frankfort, to get a better __2__. First, they threw a rock onto the ice to __3__ it. Then they stepped on it. Believing the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few __4__， then...FOOMP. He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface.
Cruz rushed to help his __5__. FOOMP—the pond swallowed(吞没) him too. Cruz __6__ to lift himself out of the cold water and onto thicker ice. He then carefully worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice didn’t hold, and he __7__ again. This time, he couldn’t __8__．
The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing __9__ in their bodies. There wasn’t any __10__ of their freeing themselves. Cruz was __11__ he was going to die.
Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started shouting for __12__．
John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the store, __13__ her. He quickly __14__ his car. Seeing the boys, he kicked off his shoes and __15__ into the water, cutting his way through the ice with his fist. Lavin made his way to the boys and hauled(拖) them back to land. They were __16__ to the hospital, where doctors discovered their five-minute __17__ in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees.
__18__， the boys have become completely well again. They are still impressed by their __19__ neighbor. “Just think，” says Cruz, “if he wasn’t there, I could have __20__．”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。两名小男孩掉入了结冰的池塘，在危难时刻，好心的邻居挺身而出，救了他们。
1．A.give in B．find out
C．stand up D．carry on
B 解析：文章开头讲到关于Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese(鹅)？这个问题的答案，Anthony与Cruz意见不统一。结合本段中的So on a cold January evening, the two friends went onto the frozen pond(结冰的池塘)可知，只有一种方法可以“找到(find out)”答案，那就是去冰面上仔细“看看(look)”它们到底是鹅还是鸭子。
2．A.look B．deal
C．idea D．time
A
3．A.study B．search
C．test D．discover
C 解析：由常识及下文中的Then they stepped on it.可知，他们先扔了一块石头看看冰结得有多厚，test符合语境。
4．A.pictures B．breaths
C．rules D．steps
D 解析：由本句中的Believing the ice would hold their weight以及下文中的He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface.可知，Anthony往前走了几“步(steps)”。
5．A.friend B．brother
C．neighbor D．doctor
A 解析：由上文中的Anthony took a few...crashed through the seemingly frozen surface.可知，Cruz跑过去救Anthony。文章第一段提到这两人是“朋友(friend)”。
6．A.failed B．remembered
C．regretted D．managed
D 解析：由下文中的He then carefully worked his way toward Anthony.可知，Cruz“设法(managed)”从冰冷的水里爬上来，挪到厚些的冰面上。
7．A.broke down B．showed up
C．fell in D．went away
C 解析：由But the ice didn’t hold以及下文中的The boys were up to their necks in icy water可知，Cruz又“掉进(fell in)”池塘里了，这一次，他凭借一己之力“上不来(get out)”。
8．A.jump off B．get out
C．keep up D．turn down
B
9．A.feeling B．interest
C．trust D．weight
A 解析：由本段中的The boys were up to their necks in icy water以及下文的描述可知，冰冷的水没到他俩的脖子处，很快他们的四肢就没了“知觉(feeling)”，能够自救的“可能性(chance)”几乎为零。Cruz“确信(sure)”自己必死无疑了。
10．A.habit B．message
C．type D．chance
D
11．A.ashamed B．sure
C．moved D．surprised
B
12．A.help B．change
C．peace D．courage
A 解析：上文描述了两名男孩的危险处境。由本句中的Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice可知，她开始呼叫求“救(help)”。
13．A.held B．accepted
C．heard D．promised
C 解析：由下文中的Seeing the boys, he kicked off his shoes可知，她的邻居John Lavin正在驾车去商店的路上，“听到了(heard)”她的求救声，迅速地“停(stopped)”下了他的车。
14．A.drove B．stopped
C．reached D．started
B
15．A.dropped B．disappeared
C．led D．ran
D 解析：由本句中的he kicked off his shoes和cutting his way through the ice with his fist以及下文中的Lavin made his way to the boys and hauled(拖) them back to land.可知，Lavin脱掉鞋子，“冲(ran)”进池塘里。
16．A.invited B．rushed
C．attracted D．called
B 解析：由上文中的Lavin made his way to the boys and hauled(拖) them back to land.以及本句中的doctors可知，他们被“紧急送到(rushed)”了医院。
17．A.tour B．talk
C．practice D．stay
D 解析：由上文可知，两名小男孩掉入了结冰的池塘，在冰冷的水中，身体都失去了知觉。此处表示医生说他们在冰冷的水中“待了(stay)”五分钟，体温比正常体温低了几乎十度。
18．A.Fortunately B．Suddenly
C．Secretly D．Strangely
A 解析：设空处后提到两名男孩身体已经恢复正常了，这是一件“幸运的(Fortunately)”事。
19．A.serious B．proud
C．fearless D．careless
C 解析：由上文可知，Cruz和Anthony掉入了结冰的池塘，在危难时刻，邻居Lavin挺身而出，救了他们。Lavin非常“勇敢(fearless)”，如果没有他，这两名男孩可能就“死(died)”了。
20．A.returned B．swum
C．hidden D．died
D
语法填空
Even if you’ve never been to Kenya, chances are that you know what it looks like. Kenya’s savanna(热带草原) is the scenery 1.____________ many people would think of when they talk about Africa. Most Kenyans live in the highlands, where Nairobi, the capital, sits at 2.____________ altitude of 5，500 feet. In Kenya, more than 60 languages 3.____________(speak) and there are more than 40 ethnic(种族的) groups. Almost everyone there speaks more than one African language.
School is free in Kenya, but many children are too busy 4.____________ go to classes. They help 5.____________(they) families by working the land, cooking, or doing housework. Music and storytelling 6.____________(be) important parts in Kenyan culture. For centuries, people throughout the country have used songs, stories, and poems 7.____________(pass) on their beliefs, history, and customs.
Kenya’s 8.____________(locate) between the Indian Ocean and Lake Victoria means that people from all over Africa and the Middle East have traveled and traded across it for centuries. This has created a different culture with many ethnic groups and 9.____________(language). In fact, scientists think Northern Kenya and Tanzania may have been the 10.____________(origin) birthplace of humans.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了肯尼亚的地理位置、语言、教育以及文化等。
1．that/which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。根据语境可知，此句是一个限制性定语从句，且先行词the scenery在定语从句中作宾语，所以用that/which引导。
2．an 解析：考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且altitude是以元音音素开头的，所以用不定冠词an。
3．are spoken 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示一般事实，所以用一般现在时，又因为languages是speak的承受者，所以用被动语态，故填are spoken。
4．to 解析：考查介词。too...to表示“太……而不能……”。根据语境可知，此处意为：虽然在肯尼亚上学是免费的，但是很多孩子太忙了而不能去上课。所以此处填介词to。
5．their 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“他们的家人”，所以用形容词性物主代词their。
6．are 解析：考查主谓一致。主语是Music and storytelling，且表示一般情况，所以谓语动词用are。
7．to pass 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语，所以填to pass。
8．location 解析：考查名词。根据语境可知，此处是讲肯尼亚的地理位置，所以用locate的名词形式location。
9．languages 解析：考查名词复数形式。根据前面的限定词many可知，此处用language的复数形式，所以填languages。
10．original 解析：考查形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词birthplace，表示“发源地”，所以填origin的形容词形式original。
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1.false adj. 错误的；假的
2.hug vi.& vt. 拥抱
3.rank n. 等级；军衔
4.ease n. 安逸；舒适
vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
5.fun_ction n. 作用；功能；职能
vi. 起作用；运转
拓展词汇
6.facial adj.面部的→face n．脸
7.subjective adj.主观的→subject n．主题；对象
8.truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n．真实；真理
9.respectful adj.恭敬的→respect n．尊敬，尊重；方面；敬意 vt.尊敬，尊重；遵守
10.anger n．怒气；怒火→angry adj.生气的
阅读词汇
11.frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额
12.misread vt. 读错；误解
13.fist n. 拳头
14.yawn vi. 打呵欠
15.cassette n. 磁带
重点短语
1.at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
2.lose face 丢脸
3.turn one’s back to 背对；背弃
4.look away from... 把目光从……上移开；不看
5.in most cases 在大多数情况下
6.base on 以……为基础/根据
重点句型
1.even if 引导让步状语从句： It is possible to “read” others around us, even if they do not intend for us(即便他们并不想让我们) to catch their unspoken communication.
2.不定式作表语：The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its fun_ction is to show happiness and put people at ease(表示快乐和使人放松).
3.with复合结构：With so many cultural differences between people(人们之间的文化差异非常多), it is great to have some similarities in body language.
Fast-reading
Read the text and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Para.1) A．Examples of some universal body language.
Part 2 (Paras.2－6) B．Body language is sometimes more important
than spoken language.
Part 3 (Para.7) C．There are differences in body language, and it’s
important for us to know them.
答案：BAC
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why may a person smile if he loses face?
A．To show his anger. B．To hide his embarrassment.
C．To threaten others. D．To laugh at others.
2．If you are not interested in others’ talking, you may ________.
A．look away from him or yawn
B．turn toward and look at something
C．fix your attention on the speaker
D．stand at a little distance with open hands
3．Suppose you are a teacher in America，you’ll tell your students to ________ when others are talking.
A．avoid looking at others directly
B．look directly at others
C．glance at others
D．look down at others
4．We can infer from the text that ________．
A．we can communicate successfully with others using body language
B．people from different countries will not misunderstand each other using body language
C．we should try to learn more about other countries’ customs
D．all around the world，people express the same idea using the same body language
答案：1－4.BABC
①means 方法，方式(单复数同形)
②intend for sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
③unspoken[?n'sp??k?n]adj.未说出口的；非口语的
④misread[?mIs'ri?d]vt.
(misread[mIs'red]，misread)读错；误解
misread...as把……误解为……
⑤universal[?ju?nI'v? ?sl] adj.普遍的，广泛适用的
⑥facial['feI?l]adj.面部的
⑦fun_ction['f??k?n]n.作用；功能；职能 vi.起作用；运转
⑧at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
ease[i?z]n.安逸；舒适 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
put sb.at ease 使舒适，使自在
⑨truly['tru?lI]adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地
⑩false[f??ls]adj.错误的；假的(反义词：true)
?anger['??ɡ?]n.怒气；怒火
in anger 生气地，愤怒地
?lose face丢脸
?frown['fra?n]vi.皱眉；蹙额
?turn one’s back to 背对
?fist[fIst]n.拳头
?threaten['θretn] v．威胁，恐吓
?up and down 上下波动；来回
?from side to side 左右来回(摇摆)
?look away from 把目光从……上移开
?yawn[j??n]vi.打呵欠
in most cases 在大多数情况下
roll one’s eyes 转动眼球
likely 在此用作副词，意为“很可能”，修饰其后的动词。
respectful[rI'spektfl]adj.恭敬的
be respectful to sb.对某人尊重/恭敬
subjective[s?b'd?ektIv]adj.主观的
hug[h?ɡ]vi.& vt.拥抱
n．拥抱
rank[r??k]n.等级；军衔
be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
该短语相当于：be pleased to do sth., would like to do sth.。
be wrong about sb. 误解某人
该短语相当于：be mistaken about sb., misunderstand sb.。
SHOWING OUR FEELINGS
Body language is one of the most powerful means① of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language. People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to “read” others around us, even if they do not intend for us to② catch their unspoken③ communication. Of course, body language can be misread④， but many gestures and actions are universal⑤.
◆that they might never speak aloud是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的feelings, wishes and attitudes。
◆even if they do not intend...communication是even if引导的让步状语从句。
The most universal facial⑥ expression is, of course, the smile—its fun_ction⑦ is to show happiness and put people at ease⑧. It does not always mean that we are truly⑨ happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false⑩， hiding other feelings like anger?， fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face?” and smiles to hide it. However, the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.
◆动词不定式短语to show happiness and put people at ease作表语。
◆hiding other feelings...worry为现在分词短语作状语。
From the time we are babies，we show unhappiness or anger by frowning?. In most places around the world, frowning and turning one’s back to? someone shows anger. Making a fist?and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening? another person.
◆frowning and turning...someone是动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down? is used for agreement almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side? means disagreement or refusal.
How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from?people or yawning? will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested. If I roll my eyesand turn my head away, I most likelydo not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.
Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank. Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.
◆过去分词短语based on each culture作状语。
◆在it is probably not a good idea to give a hug...teacher中，it是形式主语，动词不定式短语to give a hug...teacher是真正的主语。
With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!
◆With so many cultural differences between people是with复合结构，在句中作让步状语。在句中的结构是：with＋名词＋介词短语。
表达我们的情感
身体语言是最强有力的交际方式之一，它甚至常常比口头语言更有力度。世界各地的人们都在表达着他们可能从来都不会大声说出来的各种情感、愿望和态度。“读懂”我们周围其他人(的意思)是有可能的，即便是人们并不想让我们捕捉到他们没有说出来的信息。当然，身体语言可能会被误读，但是很多手势和动作是通用的。
最普遍的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐和使人放松。然而微笑并不总是意味着我们是真的快乐。世界上的微笑可能是假的——用来隐藏其他的情绪，比如生气、恐惧或担忧。还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢面子”时，他会用微笑来掩饰它。但是，微笑的一般目的是表达好的情感。
从我们还是婴儿的时候开始，我们就通过皱眉来表示不高兴或者愤怒。在世界上的大多数地方，皱眉和背对着某人都表示愤怒。握拳并将拳头(朝着某人)晃动几乎总是意味着愤怒和威胁另一个人。
世界上有很多方式来表示同意，但是几乎全世界都用点头来表示同意。大多数人也知道摇头表示不同意或拒绝。
如何表示我很厌烦呢？在大多数情况下，把目光从人们身上移开或者打个哈欠会使我看上去不感兴趣。但是如果我转身看着某人或某物，几乎每一种文化背景下的人都会认为我(对此人或此物)感兴趣。如果我转动着眼珠并把头扭向一边，很可能是我不相信或不喜欢我所听到的话。
对人们表示尊重(的方式)因各种文化(的不同)而带有主观性。但是一般来说，拥抱你的老板或老师可能不是一个好主意。几乎在每一种文化里，站得离级别比自己高的人太近通常都不太好。站得有一定的距离并把双手张开表示我愿意倾听。
人们之间的文化差异如此多，好在身体语言有一些相似之处。我们可能会常常误解彼此，因此能很好地理解对方真是件令人惊奇的事！
fun_ction n．作用；功能；职能 vi.起作用；运转
(教材P30)The most universal facial expression is，of course, the smile—its fun_ction is to show happiness and put people at ease.
最普遍的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐和使人放松。
(1)perform a fun_ction 起作用
have...fun_ction 有……功能
(2)fun_ction as... 起……作用，具有……功能
①The fun_ction of this medicine is to reduce your body fat.
这种药的作用就是减少你身体的脂肪。
②The fun_ction of the heart is to pump blood through the body.
心脏的功能就是把血液输往全身。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Although the electricity was cut off，the hospital continued to__function(fun_ction) normally.
②A library is functioning as a temporary hospital in an emergency.
at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在；不费力气；放心，轻松
(经典例句)When you feel nervous, you’d better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.
当你感到紧张时，你最好听一些轻音乐使自己放松一下。
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
put sb.at one’s ease 使某人放松
take one’s ease 休息，放松一下
with ease 轻易地，毫不费力地
①In addition，we spent several days in the countryside，which made us feel at ease.
此外，我们在乡下待了几天，这使我们感觉舒适。
②Before the examination, my teacher wore a bright smile on his face, putting us at ease.
考试之前，老师脸上带着灿烂的笑容，这让我们感到轻松。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
lose face 丢脸；丢面子
(经典例句)He felt he lost face when he was blamed on that occasion.
在那种场合下受到指责，他感到很没面子。
(1)make faces/a face 做鬼脸
save one’s face 保全面子
face to face 面对面地
in the face of 面对
(2)be faced with... 面对着……
①Don’t be afraid to lose face; making mistakes is common.
不要害怕丢脸，犯错误是普遍现象。
②He didn’t admit his mistakes in order to save his face in public.
为了在公众场合下保全面子他不承认错误。
[能力提升]——一句多译
面对困难时，他们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。
①Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out.(face v．)
②Facing difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out.(face v．)
③In the face of difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out.( face n．)
turn one’s back to 背对；背弃
(教材P30)In most places around the world, frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.
在世界上的大多数地方，皱眉和背对着某人都表示愤怒。
turn down 拒绝；关小
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn to 转向；求助于
turn up 出现；露面；调高
turn over 打翻；翻阅；反复思考；移交给
①With anger and frustration, she turned her back to him.
因为愤怒而又沮丧，她转过身背对着他。
②Why did he suddenly turn his back to your agreement?
他为什么突然背弃你们之间的协议？
[即学即练]——turn短语填空
①I don’t understand why John turned down Mary’s kind offer.
②He turned down my suggestion at the meeting，which disappointed me.
③I can’t hear the radio very well, could you turn it up a bit?
in most cases 在大多数情况(场合)下
(教材P30)Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested.
在大多数情况下，把目光从人们身上移开或者打个呵欠会使我看上去不感兴趣。
in any case 无论如何；总之
in no case 在任何情况下都不(位于句首时倒装)
in case of 万一；在……情形时；如果发生
in case 免得；以防
in this/that case 在这/那种情况下
①The news from her is quite reliable in most cases.
在大多数情况下来自她的消息很可靠。
②Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.
把钥匙放在邻居家以防某一天你把自己锁在外面。
③In no case should you give up when in trouble.
遇到困难时无论如何你都不应该放弃。
[即学即练]——case短语填空
①We should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.
②Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
③You’d better take an umbrella in case of the rain.
＝You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains.
even if引导让步状语从句
(教材P30)It is possible to “read” others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.
“读懂”我们周围其他人(的意思)是有可能的，即便是人们并不想让我们捕捉到他们没有说出来的信息。
even if意为“即使，尽管”，相当于even though，引导让步状语从句。
①Even if we cannot agree，we should maintain our contact.
即使我们不能达成一致意见，我们也要保持联系。
②We have decided to visit the museum even if/though it rains tomorrow. 我们决定明天参观博物馆，即使明天下雨。
[能力提升]——微写作
(2018·天津卷)即使我们输了比赛， 我认为与强队对决本身就是一种胜利。
I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game．
品句填词
1．I was cooking in the kitchen when my son came dashing(猛冲) in, with something in his hand.
2．The sofa in the living room also functions(起……作用) as a bed in order to save space.
3．The information the man told us yesterday was false(假的). I mean, we were cheated by him.
4．William stayed up late last night, so he yawned(打哈欠) from time to time at class.
5．It is said that most of the flights(航班) have been delayed as a result of the heavy snowstorm.
6．Alice is not in the dormitory(宿舍) at this moment; she must have gone to the library.
7．The mother hugged(拥抱) her child before she put him to bed.
8．I think he feels a lot of anger(愤怒) towards his father who treated him very badly as a child.
9．She kissed her baby on the cheek(面颊) and reminded him to go to bed early.
10．An accident happened at the crossroads(十字路口) a few metres away from the bank.
选词填空
together with; lose face; close to; on the contrary; up and down; turn one’s back to
1．Even if I said I was a math teacher in this school, the guard still looked at me up__and__down strangely.
2．Mr Thompson, together__with his wife and children, is waiting for the bus now.
3．He pretended he didn’t see me and turned__his__back__to me.
4．Most people are afraid of losing__face. If they fail once, maybe they won’t give themselves another chance.
5．My mother was not angry. On__the__contrary,__she praised me for my sending the old man back home.
6．Just don’t take exercise too close__to bedtime because exercise may make you sleepless.
完成句子
1．由于英国英语和美国英语有一些不同，出现一些误解是很正常的。
With__some__differences__between__the__British__English__and__the__American__English,__it’s natural that some misunderstandings appear.
2．你应该学习一些武术，这样你就能保护自己不被别人攻击。
You should learn some Wushu so that you can defend__yourself__against__being__attacked by others.
3．那些经常使用Facebook的人据报道比偶尔访问的人更有可能满意度下降。
Those who use Facebook a lot are__more__likely__to__report a decline in satisfaction than those who visit the site occasionally.
4．自幼我们就被教导应该尊敬老人。
We have__been__taught__to__respect the old since we were young.
5．在许多文化中，左右摇头意味着不同意。
In many cultures, shaking__the__head from side to side means disagreement.
6．很惊讶的事情是昨天晚上我们队最终赢得了那场足球比赛。
It’s__an__amazing__thing__that our team finally won the football match last night.
课文语法填空
Body language is one of 1.____________ most powerful means of communication, and the smile is the most universal 2.____________(face) expression, 3.____________ fun_ction is to show happiness and put people 4.____________ ease. It doesn’t always mean that we are 5.____________(true) happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false, 6.____________(hide) other feelings like 7.____________(angry), fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.
There are many ways around the world 8.____________(show) agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side 9.____________(mean) disagreement or refusal. With so many cultural differences between people, 10.____________ is great to have some similarities in body language.
1．the 解析：最高级前面要用定冠词the。
2．facial 解析：此处应用face的形容词形式facial作定语，修饰名词expression。
3．whose 解析：分析句子结构可知，“____________ fun_ction is to show happiness...ease”是定语从句，空处是关系词作定语修饰fun_ction，故用whose。
4．at 解析：put sb. at ease表示“使舒适，使自在”。
5．truly 解析：此处应用副词作状语，修饰形容词happy。
6．hiding 解析：hide与主语Smiles之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
7．anger 解析：空处与fear和worry并列作介词like的宾语，故应用名词形式。
8．to show 解析：way后接不定式作后置定语，故填to show。
9．means 解析：分析句子结构可知，shaking the head from side to side是v.-ing短语在从句中作主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，而此处又表示一般情况，故填means。
10．it 解析：it在此作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to have...language。
单句语法填空
1．I am truly(true) grateful to you for what you have done.
2．At the end of the game, he came and gave me a hug.
3．She is easy-going and always puts me at ease when I am upset.
4．When I talked with him, I noticed his facial(face) expression.
5．My sister is in Shandong University, majoring(major) in English literature.
6．Brain cells require large amounts of energy to__function(fun_ction) properly.
7．Faced(face) with such a difficult task, he turned to his parents for help.
8．When comparing(compare) the twins, you will find the differences between them.
9．Having__worked(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
10．She stared at his husband with anger(angry), saying that she would never forgive him.
阅读理解
A
When you move, gestures say as much about you as what comes out of your mouth.
Jenny Smith, 34, an assistant vice-president at a bank in New York, was interviewing candidates(申请人) for a position which required a person with good communication skills.
One candidate in particular stood out, but not in a good way. While she could have been very intelligent, her body language sent out very different messages. Her handshake was more of a finger shake, and her eye contact was weak.
To Jenny, what the candidate said didn’t matter because her body language said everything: she wasn’t suitable for the position. The candidate may have been quite appropriate(合适的), but she didn’t manage to get that across. So our body language may not do us justice. But there are some signals which are very common and are worth a thousand words.
For example, a handshake can say much more than “hello, nice to meet you”. The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact. It’s even more important than how strong your handshake is. The palm-to-palm contact makes people seem honest: it seems to say “I am sincere(真诚的)”. A weak handshake—when the palms don’t touch—makes you seem unfriendly and insincere.
But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression. Somebody who has a firm handshake may pretend to be sincere, and somebody with a weak handshake may just be a bit shy and nothing more.
Body language can also be overdone. While eye contact gives an impression of friendliness, too much eye contact or eye contact which is too intense(十分强烈的) can make people feel uncomfortable.
【解题导语】 文章通过一位面试者的故事说明身体语言在日常生活中的重要性并做了相应的介绍。
1．The candidate for the job failed because ________．
A．she wasn’t clever enough
B．she used improper body language
C．she said the wrong things
D．she expressed a bad attitude
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的To Jenny, what the candidate said didn’t matter because her body language said everything: she wasn’t suitable for the position.可知，这位应聘者因没有用合适的身体语言而面试失败。
2．When you shake someone’s hand, you should ________．
A．hold his hand with great strength
B．make frequent eye contact
C．say something sincere
D．make good contact with their hand
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact. It’s even more important than how strong your handshake is.可知，当你和别人握手时，应采用正确的力度控制手部之间的接触。
3．According to the sixth paragraph, our body language ________.
A．may give other people the false idea
B．is much more important than what you say
C．tells other people what you really like
D．is ignored by most people
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression.可知，我们的身体语言有时会给对方错误的印象。
4．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To help readers get a better job.
B．To show why handshakes are important.
C．To introduce body language to readers.
D．To explain what the right communication skills are.
C 解析：写作意图题。作者通过一个面试者的故事向读者介绍了如何正确使用身体语言。
B
I’ve discovered the joy of a new thing—online grocery(杂货) shopping. But I actually enjoy going to the supermarket.
Seems I’m not the only one; only about 3% of people do grocery shopping online, compared with around 30% who shop for clothes and electronics. I was interested, so I decided to do my own very unscientific research.
Step one: I talked to a small group of friends about their preferences. One mother described it as the happiest thing in her week when she was stuck at home with two small kids and handsome young men would arrive at the door bearing groceries. Seems busy mums are very much in favour of home deliveries.
Step two: sign up and try it myself. My choice was Aussie-owned Countdown.
I managed to do the whole shop in about 15 minutes. The only problem is that you have to place an order of at least $50 and pay the seemingly standard $15 delivery fee. But given the cost of groceries, who has ever left a supermarket spending less than $50? I was impressed Countdown offered same-day delivery on a Sunday when I placed my order at 9：30 am.
Sure enough, at about 2：30 pm, I got a phone call from a delightful courier chap(快递员) called Ian, who told me he was at my house with the groceries and was leaving them on the back deck. Two minutes later he called again saying he’d left the groceries in the house because we’d left the backdoor wide open. He even offered to lock the house up and put the key somewhere safe.
I have a real fear that we will more and more quickly move to online shopping for everything and shops will become something of the past.
As a teenager, hanging around the shops on a Saturday with friends is what we did. So even though I enjoy the experience of online grocery shopping, perhaps I’ll just stick with my regular trips to my local New World to keep real shops alive a bit longer.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着网上选购杂货的发展，超市会不会退出历史舞台？
5．What did the mother mentioned in Paragraph 3 think of online grocery shopping?
A．She loved it.
B．She was against it.
C．She would give it a try.
D．She had no interest in it.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的the happiest thing和in favour of home deliveries可知，这位妈妈喜欢网上选购杂货，因为送货上门，这样就免去了自己出门的麻烦。
6．What did the author like most about online Countdown?
A．Its high quality groceries.
B．Its low delivery fees.
C．Its good service.
D．Its low prices.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的I was impressed Countdown offered same-day delivery on a Sunday及下文对于快递员表现的描述可知，作者对他们的服务很满意。
7．Why does the author prefer supermarket shopping?
A．She finds it much easier.
B．She can save more money.
C．She has a fond feeling for it.
D．She had a bad online shopping experience.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可知，作者很怀念小时候和朋友们一起去超市的经历， 这说明她对超市有种特殊的情感。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Is Online Shopping Popular?
B．The Joy of Grocery Shopping
C．The Future of Online Shopping
D．Is Supermarket Shopping Dying?
D 解析：标题归纳题。由全文大意可知，作者认为尽管网上选购杂货方便快捷，但是会不会很快将超市购物取代就很难说了。
七选五
Every year in Australia, the strongest long-distance runners race more than 500 miles from Sydney to Melbourne. The race takes more than five days to complete. It attracts world-class athletes—the kind who become spokespeople for sports shoes and drinks.
In 1983, however, as the competitors lined up to race, they were joined by a 61-year-old farmer wearing overalls(工作服). 1.________ The other runners thought he was a confused spectator(观众). Cliff told them that he was there to race. He explained that on his family’s sheep farm, he often had to round up 2，000 or so animals by himself. Cliff said, “2.________”
When the race began, the younger runners flew past Cliff. Instead of trying to catch them, Cliff shuffled(拖着脚走) along in an unusual way. 3.________ But something happened. When all the other runners took a break to sleep, Cliff kept running. The other runners caught up to him each morning. But finally Cliff was too far ahead to be passed. 4.________
Cliff received $10，000 for winning the race. He said he did not realize there would be prize money, and he gave the money to his fellow runners. Doing this made him a hero in Australia. Since then, many runners have started to use his special way of running. 5.________ The farmer changed long-distance racing and proved that age and style aren’t everything.
A．His name was Cliff Young.
B．He greeted them with a big smile.
C．No one sleeps during the race anymore, either.
D．On the fifth day, the sheep farmer shuffled into first place.
E．Cliff was welcomed by cheerful crowds when he went home.
F．Sometimes I had to run after those sheep for two or three days.
G．The other runners and the spectators thought he would never finish the race.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。1983年悉尼至墨尔本的长跑比赛中，出现了现实版“龟兔赛跑”的赛况。
1．A 解析：下文Cliff told them that he was there to race.提到这个农民的名字时直接用了Cliff，因此可推断，上文提到过他的全名，故选A。
2．F 解析：本空为Cliff所说的话，F项主语为第一人称，符合直接引语特点，且F项中的those sheep与上文中的sheep farm存在词汇复现关系。
3．G 解析：上文提到其他选手都快速出发了，而Cliff却拖着脚步前行，这种跑步方式的对比让他的对手和观众们都认为他不可能到达终点。且G项与下文中的But something happened.构成转折关系。
4．D 解析：本段简单讲述了整个比赛过程，D项内容为比赛的结果；且下文中的winning the race与D项中的shuffled into first place属于同义复现。
5．C 解析：由上文中的many runners have started to use his special way of running可知，许多比赛者开始采用他的赛跑方法，C项内容也涉及比赛者向他学习的东西，即比赛期间不睡觉。
课件44张PPT。Unit 4 Body languagefalsehugrankeasefunctionfacial subjectivetrulyrespectfulanger皱眉；蹙额读错；误解拳头打呵欠磁带at easelose faceturn one’s back tolook away from...in most casesbase oneven if they do not intend for usto show happiness and put With so many cultural differences between people at easepeopleto functionaswith Faced with difficultiesFacing difficultiesIn the face of difficultiesturned downturned downturnupin no casein casein case ofin caseeven if we lost the game本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．I was cooking in the kitchen when my son came dashing(猛冲) in, with something in his hand.
2．The sofa in the living room also functions(起……作用) as a bed in order to save space.
3．The information the man told us yesterday was false(假的). I mean, we were cheated by him.
4．William stayed up late last night, so he yawned(打哈欠) from time to time at class.
5．It is said that most of the flights(航班) have been delayed as a result of the heavy snowstorm.
6．Alice is not in the dormitory(宿舍) at this moment; she must have gone to the library.
7．The mother hugged(拥抱) her child before she put him to bed.
8．I think he feels a lot of anger(愤怒) towards his father who treated him very badly as a child.
9．She kissed her baby on the cheek(面颊) and reminded him to go to bed early.
10．An accident happened at the crossroads(十字路口) a few metres away from the bank.
选词填空
together with; lose face; close to; on the contrary; up and down; turn one’s back to
1．Even if I said I was a math teacher in this school, the guard still looked at me up__and__down strangely.
2．Mr Thompson, together__with his wife and children, is waiting for the bus now.
3．He pretended he didn’t see me and turned__his__back__to me.
4．Most people are afraid of losing__face. If they fail once, maybe they won’t give themselves another chance.
5．My mother was not angry. On__the__contrary,__she praised me for my sending the old man back home.
6．Just don’t take exercise too close__to bedtime because exercise may make you sleepless.
完成句子
1．由于英国英语和美国英语有一些不同，出现一些误解是很正常的。
With__some__differences__between__the__British__English__and__the__American__English,__it’s natural that some misunderstandings appear.
2．你应该学习一些武术，这样你就能保护自己不被别人攻击。
You should learn some Wushu so that you can defend__yourself__against__being__attacked by others.
3．那些经常使用Facebook的人据报道比偶尔访问的人更有可能满意度下降。
Those who use Facebook a lot are__more__likely__to__report a decline in satisfaction than those who visit the site occasionally.
4．自幼我们就被教导应该尊敬老人。
We have__been__taught__to__respect the old since we were young.
5．在许多文化中，左右摇头意味着不同意。
In many cultures, shaking__the__head from side to side means disagreement.
6．很惊讶的事情是昨天晚上我们队最终赢得了那场足球比赛。
It’s__an__amazing__thing__that our team finally won the football match last night.
课文语法填空
Body language is one of 1.____________ most powerful means of communication, and the smile is the most universal 2.____________(face) expression, 3.____________ fun_ction is to show happiness and put people 4.____________ ease. It doesn’t always mean that we are 5.____________(true) happy, however. Smiles around the world can be false, 6.____________(hide) other feelings like 7.____________(angry), fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.
There are many ways around the world 8.____________(show) agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement almost worldwide. Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side 9.____________(mean) disagreement or refusal. With so many cultural differences between people, 10.____________ is great to have some similarities in body language.
1．the 解析：最高级前面要用定冠词the。
2．facial 解析：此处应用face的形容词形式facial作定语，修饰名词expression。
3．whose 解析：分析句子结构可知，“____________ fun_ction is to show happiness...ease”是定语从句，空处是关系词作定语修饰fun_ction，故用whose。
4．at 解析：put sb. at ease表示“使舒适，使自在”。
5．truly 解析：此处应用副词作状语，修饰形容词happy。
6．hiding 解析：hide与主语Smiles之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
7．anger 解析：空处与fear和worry并列作介词like的宾语，故应用名词形式。
8．to show 解析：way后接不定式作后置定语，故填to show。
9．means 解析：分析句子结构可知，shaking the head from side to side是v.-ing短语在从句中作主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，而此处又表示一般情况，故填means。
10．it 解析：it在此作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to have...language。
单句语法填空
1．I am truly(true) grateful to you for what you have done.
2．At the end of the game, he came and gave me a hug.
3．She is easy-going and always puts me at ease when I am upset.
4．When I talked with him, I noticed his facial(face) expression.
5．My sister is in Shandong University, majoring(major) in English literature.
6．Brain cells require large amounts of energy to__function(fun_ction) properly.
7．Faced(face) with such a difficult task, he turned to his parents for help.
8．When comparing(compare) the twins, you will find the differences between them.
9．Having__worked(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
10．She stared at his husband with anger(angry), saying that she would never forgive him.
阅读理解
A
When you move, gestures say as much about you as what comes out of your mouth.
Jenny Smith, 34, an assistant vice-president at a bank in New York, was interviewing candidates(申请人) for a position which required a person with good communication skills.
One candidate in particular stood out, but not in a good way. While she could have been very intelligent, her body language sent out very different messages. Her handshake was more of a finger shake, and her eye contact was weak.
To Jenny, what the candidate said didn’t matter because her body language said everything: she wasn’t suitable for the position. The candidate may have been quite appropriate(合适的), but she didn’t manage to get that across. So our body language may not do us justice. But there are some signals which are very common and are worth a thousand words.
For example, a handshake can say much more than “hello, nice to meet you”. The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact. It’s even more important than how strong your handshake is. The palm-to-palm contact makes people seem honest: it seems to say “I am sincere(真诚的)”. A weak handshake—when the palms don’t touch—makes you seem unfriendly and insincere.
But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression. Somebody who has a firm handshake may pretend to be sincere, and somebody with a weak handshake may just be a bit shy and nothing more.
Body language can also be overdone. While eye contact gives an impression of friendliness, too much eye contact or eye contact which is too intense(十分强烈的) can make people feel uncomfortable.
【解题导语】 文章通过一位面试者的故事说明身体语言在日常生活中的重要性并做了相应的介绍。
1．The candidate for the job failed because ________．
A．she wasn’t clever enough
B．she used improper body language
C．she said the wrong things
D．she expressed a bad attitude
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的To Jenny, what the candidate said didn’t matter because her body language said everything: she wasn’t suitable for the position.可知，这位应聘者因没有用合适的身体语言而面试失败。
2．When you shake someone’s hand, you should ________．
A．hold his hand with great strength
B．make frequent eye contact
C．say something sincere
D．make good contact with their hand
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact. It’s even more important than how strong your handshake is.可知，当你和别人握手时，应采用正确的力度控制手部之间的接触。
3．According to the sixth paragraph, our body language ________.
A．may give other people the false idea
B．is much more important than what you say
C．tells other people what you really like
D．is ignored by most people
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression.可知，我们的身体语言有时会给对方错误的印象。
4．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To help readers get a better job.
B．To show why handshakes are important.
C．To introduce body language to readers.
D．To explain what the right communication skills are.
C 解析：写作意图题。作者通过一个面试者的故事向读者介绍了如何正确使用身体语言。
B
I’ve discovered the joy of a new thing—online grocery(杂货) shopping. But I actually enjoy going to the supermarket.
Seems I’m not the only one; only about 3% of people do grocery shopping online, compared with around 30% who shop for clothes and electronics. I was interested, so I decided to do my own very unscientific research.
Step one: I talked to a small group of friends about their preferences. One mother described it as the happiest thing in her week when she was stuck at home with two small kids and handsome young men would arrive at the door bearing groceries. Seems busy mums are very much in favour of home deliveries.
Step two: sign up and try it myself. My choice was Aussie-owned Countdown.
I managed to do the whole shop in about 15 minutes. The only problem is that you have to place an order of at least $50 and pay the seemingly standard $15 delivery fee. But given the cost of groceries, who has ever left a supermarket spending less than $50? I was impressed Countdown offered same-day delivery on a Sunday when I placed my order at 9：30 am.
Sure enough, at about 2：30 pm, I got a phone call from a delightful courier chap(快递员) called Ian, who told me he was at my house with the groceries and was leaving them on the back deck. Two minutes later he called again saying he’d left the groceries in the house because we’d left the backdoor wide open. He even offered to lock the house up and put the key somewhere safe.
I have a real fear that we will more and more quickly move to online shopping for everything and shops will become something of the past.
As a teenager, hanging around the shops on a Saturday with friends is what we did. So even though I enjoy the experience of online grocery shopping, perhaps I’ll just stick with my regular trips to my local New World to keep real shops alive a bit longer.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着网上选购杂货的发展，超市会不会退出历史舞台？
5．What did the mother mentioned in Paragraph 3 think of online grocery shopping?
A．She loved it.
B．She was against it.
C．She would give it a try.
D．She had no interest in it.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的the happiest thing和in favour of home deliveries可知，这位妈妈喜欢网上选购杂货，因为送货上门，这样就免去了自己出门的麻烦。
6．What did the author like most about online Countdown?
A．Its high quality groceries.
B．Its low delivery fees.
C．Its good service.
D．Its low prices.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的I was impressed Countdown offered same-day delivery on a Sunday及下文对于快递员表现的描述可知，作者对他们的服务很满意。
7．Why does the author prefer supermarket shopping?
A．She finds it much easier.
B．She can save more money.
C．She has a fond feeling for it.
D．She had a bad online shopping experience.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可知，作者很怀念小时候和朋友们一起去超市的经历， 这说明她对超市有种特殊的情感。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Is Online Shopping Popular?
B．The Joy of Grocery Shopping
C．The Future of Online Shopping
D．Is Supermarket Shopping Dying?
D 解析：标题归纳题。由全文大意可知，作者认为尽管网上选购杂货方便快捷，但是会不会很快将超市购物取代就很难说了。
七选五
Every year in Australia, the strongest long-distance runners race more than 500 miles from Sydney to Melbourne. The race takes more than five days to complete. It attracts world-class athletes—the kind who become spokespeople for sports shoes and drinks.
In 1983, however, as the competitors lined up to race, they were joined by a 61-year-old farmer wearing overalls(工作服). 1.________ The other runners thought he was a confused spectator(观众). Cliff told them that he was there to race. He explained that on his family’s sheep farm, he often had to round up 2，000 or so animals by himself. Cliff said, “2.________”
When the race began, the younger runners flew past Cliff. Instead of trying to catch them, Cliff shuffled(拖着脚走) along in an unusual way. 3.________ But something happened. When all the other runners took a break to sleep, Cliff kept running. The other runners caught up to him each morning. But finally Cliff was too far ahead to be passed. 4.________
Cliff received $10，000 for winning the race. He said he did not realize there would be prize money, and he gave the money to his fellow runners. Doing this made him a hero in Australia. Since then, many runners have started to use his special way of running. 5.________ The farmer changed long-distance racing and proved that age and style aren’t everything.
A．His name was Cliff Young.
B．He greeted them with a big smile.
C．No one sleeps during the race anymore, either.
D．On the fifth day, the sheep farmer shuffled into first place.
E．Cliff was welcomed by cheerful crowds when he went home.
F．Sometimes I had to run after those sheep for two or three days.
G．The other runners and the spectators thought he would never finish the race.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。1983年悉尼至墨尔本的长跑比赛中，出现了现实版“龟兔赛跑”的赛况。
1．A 解析：下文Cliff told them that he was there to race.提到这个农民的名字时直接用了Cliff，因此可推断，上文提到过他的全名，故选A。
2．F 解析：本空为Cliff所说的话，F项主语为第一人称，符合直接引语特点，且F项中的those sheep与上文中的sheep farm存在词汇复现关系。
3．G 解析：上文提到其他选手都快速出发了，而Cliff却拖着脚步前行，这种跑步方式的对比让他的对手和观众们都认为他不可能到达终点。且G项与下文中的But something happened.构成转折关系。
4．D 解析：本段简单讲述了整个比赛过程，D项内容为比赛的结果；且下文中的winning the race与D项中的shuffled into first place属于同义复现。
5．C 解析：由上文中的many runners have started to use his special way of running可知，许多比赛者开始采用他的赛跑方法，C项内容也涉及比赛者向他学习的东西，即比赛期间不睡觉。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
现在分词(短语)作状语
1．(教材P26)I stood for a minute watching(watch) them and then went to greet them.
2．(教材P26)Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling(smile), together with George Cook from Canada.
3．(教材P26)In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using(use) unspoken “language” through physical distance，actions or posture.
4．Having smoked(smoke) too much, he has suffered from lung cancer.
5．Hearing(hear) the news, they jumped for joy.
现在分词(短语)作状语的用法
现在分词(短语)在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
1．作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)
◆Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。
当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when或while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2．作原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句)
◆Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.
＝As he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
因为生病了，他无法去上学。
3．作条件状语(一般放在句首，其前可以加if, unless等连词)
◆Working hard, you’ll make great progress.
＝If you work hard, you’ll make great progress.
如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。
4．作结果状语
现在分词(短语)作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。
◆The plate dropped from her hands，breaking into pieces.
盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
现在分词(短语)作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
◆He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
◆I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
5．作让步、方式和伴随状语
现在分词(短语)作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。
◆Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。
为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。
◆Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空
①Hearing(hear) the news, they immediately set off for the station.
②Using(use) a stick, the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
③The child slipped and fell, hitting(hit) his head against the door.
④Living(live) miles away, he attended the lecture.
⑤He lay in bed, reading(read) a novel.
现在分词(短语)作状语注意事项
1．现在分词的时态
现在分词(短语)作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。
(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。
◆Walking along the street, I saw this bar.
我正在大街上行走时，看到了这个酒吧。(Walking和谓语动词saw同时发生)
(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。
◆Having finished the letter, he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(Having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
①The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, making(make) air conditioning unnecessary.
②Having worked(work) for three hours, he took a rest.
③Having lived(live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well.
④Seeing(see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.
2．现在分词的语态
使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。
◆Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)
被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
◆Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)
完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。
◆Having tried many times, he still couldn’t overcome his difficulties. (现在分词的主动式)
尽管尝试了多次，但他仍未克服困难。
【即时演练3】——单句语法填空
①Having spent(spend) all his money, the boy had to give his mother a call.
②Having been told(tell) for several times, he still couldn’t understand the rules.
③Having received(receive) his reply, she rang him up.
④Having been asked(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
3．现在分词的否定式：not＋v.-ing; not having＋v.-ed
◆Not knowing what to do, the children had to wait for their parents to come back.
不知道要做什么，孩子们只好等他们的父母回来。
◆Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
4．独立主格
现在分词(短语)作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
◆The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
◆The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
【即时演练4】——用现在分词(短语)的独立主格结构改写下列句子
①If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.
→Weather permitting, we shall go there on foot.
②After Mary came back, they discussed it together.
→Mary coming back, they discussed it together.
5．现在分词(短语)作评注性状语
有些现在分词(短语)在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from ...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
◆Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
单句语法填空
1．He forgot to turn on the radio, thus missing(miss) the program.
2．Last week, Li Ming and I, representing(represent) our school, attended a competition and won second place.
3．We were about to leave the office when Sam came rushing(rush) in with a message of the talk.
4．Peter made a car using(use) some parts of other old cars.
5．Armed with a new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping(hope) to find buried treasure.
6．Hearing(hear) their teacher’s voice, the students stopped talking at once.
7．Compared(compare) with many other women, she leads a very happy life.
8．Their car was caught in a traffic jam, causing(cause) them to be late.
9．Given(give) another five minutes, I can finish the work on time.
10．Having__finished(finish) the 800-meter race, he was of course out of breath.
句型转换
1．If you work hard, you’ll succeed in passing the exam.
→Working hard, you’ll succeed in passing the exam.
2．When they heard their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
→Hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
3．If we stand on top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.
→Standing on top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.
4．After/when he had finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
→Having finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
5．Because he didn’t know how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
→Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
语法与写作
1．昨晚，几百万人通过电视观看了开幕式的现场直播。
Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
2．律师全神贯注地听，努力地不错过任何一点。
The lawyer listened with full attention, trying not to miss any point．
3．如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。
Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.
4．这部电影他已看过两遍了，他不想去看了。
Having already seen the film twice, he didn’t want to go to the cinema.
5．几乎把所有的钱都花光了，我们住不起旅店了。
Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
6．由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。
Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.
课件28张PPT。Unit 4 Body languagewatchingsmilingusingHaving smokedHearingHearingUsinghittingLiving readingmakingHaving workedHaving livedSeeingHaving spentHaving been toldHaving receivedHaving been askedWeather permittingMary coming back missingrepresentingrushingusinghopingHearingComparedcausingGivenHaving finishedWorking hardHearing their teacher’s voiceStanding on top of the hillHaving finished his homeworkNot knowing how to work outwatching the opening trying not to miss any Turning to the leftceremonypointHaving already seen the film twiceHaving spent nearly all our moneyNot having heard from her son本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放Section Ⅴ Writing
慰问信
文体感知
1．慰问信是向对方表示关怀和慰问的信函。它是以组织或个人的名义向对方表示问候和关心的一种信函。
2．慰问信的格式和一般英文信件格式相同，要明确慰问信的对象。
3．明确文章结构：开头，表明写慰问信的原因；主体，向对方的遭遇表示同情并鼓励对方或表达自己想帮助对方的愿望或具体措施；结尾，表示写信者的良好祝愿或同情之心。
4．语言要亲切、生动，感情要充沛、真挚。
增分佳句
1．I’m shocked/sorry to hear that you are worried about your figure/shape.
听说你在为你的体型而忧虑，我感到很惊讶/抱歉。
2．I’m writing to express my deep sympathy/care for you.
我给你写信来表达我对你的同情/关心。
3．I understand how you feel now./I know the way you feel very well now.
我理解你现在的感受。
写作模板
Dear ××，
I’m sorry to know that ________(问题). The truth is everyone will experience ________， so you don’t have to worry so much. Here are three useful tips.
First ________(建议). This is a good way of ________. Second, ________(建议)．..Last but not least, ________．
I hope you will find these suggestions practical/useful/helpful.
写作要求
(2019·大连高一检测)假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下：
1．健康的重要性；2.学生的任务；3.合理的建议。
注意：
1．短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2．词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
参考词汇：state of mind 心态。
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1．减肥 lose weight
2．多锻炼 get/take more exercise
3．不健康的饮食习惯 unhealthy eating habits
4．影响你正常的生活 affect/influence your normal life
5．保持一个健康的心态 keep a healthy state of mind
6．克服困难 overcome difficulties
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①像你这个年龄的女孩希望看起来漂亮。这是很自然的。
Young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. It is natural．
②对一个学生来说，学习是最先考虑的而容貌是其次。
For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second.
③通过多锻炼以及改变不健康的饮食习惯来减肥是一个好主意。
It is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits.
④最重要的是你要保持健康的心态，因为这有助于你的学习，而且有助于你克服节食中的困难。
The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
2．句式升级
⑤合并句①
It is natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful.
⑥用非限制性定语从句改写句④
The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, which will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
妙笔成篇
Dear Xiao Wang，
I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Xiao Wang，
I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.
It is natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. However, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So do not let others’ opinions affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, which will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you and I’m looking forward to your next letter.
Yours，
Li Hua
假定你是李华，从报纸上得知你的美国笔友James的家乡遭遇了飓风。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，给予关心和安慰。
注意：
1．词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear James，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear James，
I was greatly shocked to learn that a hurricane took place in your hometown from today’s newspaper. I am writing to extend my deepest sympathy.
It broke my heart to see lots of homes had been destroyed in the tragic hurricane. I can imagine how difficult this time must be for you and your family. But where there’s life there’s hope. Some organisations in my country are launching various campaigns to call on people to donate money in the hope that you can go through the difficulties as soon as possible.
Please pass my concerns on to your parents. If I can be of any help, don’t hesitate to let me know.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
单句语法填空
1．Charlie Chaplin appears on the stage, wearing a small hat and holding a walking(walk) stick.
2．Jackson stood in front of his son, trying(try) to control his anger.
3．The headmaster came up to the boys playing(play) basketball on the playground.
4．Though feeling(feel) upset, Helen pretended to be cheerful when she came back home after work.
5．His uncle died, leaving(leave) him a large amount of money.
6．My grandmother doesn’t like to sit here doing(do) nothing all day long.
7．Taking(take) a deep breath, they dived into the cold water and saved the drowning(drown) boy.
8．Our monitor didn’t change much after graduation, except getting(get) a little fatter.
9．His parents got killed in the earthquake, leaving(leave) him an orphan.
10．Having__waited(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Joey realized that he had left his wallet at home.
阅读理解
In the United States, many teachers keep fish, hamsters(仓鼠), and other animals in their classrooms. Teachers say students learn important lessons from the animals. More than 70 percent of teachers who have classroom pets say the animals help students learn responsibility. Research also shows that classroom pets can reduce stress.
“Pets can comfort kids who are having a bad day，” says Lisa Robbins, who works for a group called Pets in the Classroom.
But others think pets should be expelled from classrooms. In January, the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策). Now animals can be brought into Durango schools for certain lessons, but they can’t stay. Officials were worried that animals might create problems for kids with allergies(过敏症). They were also concerned about the animals getting proper care.
Here’s what two of our readers think.
Having classroom pets gives students a fun way to learn about animals. In my class last year, we had a class pet named Elliot. Our teacher also used him to teach us about different subjects. For example, in math, we calculated how much it costs to feed Elliot for a year.
Pets also help kids learn how to work as a team. My classmates and I took turns feeding Elliot and cleaning his tank.
If teachers are worried about students with allergies, they could get pets that don’t have fur.
—D’Lasia Mays, Texas
Classroom pets can take away valuable class time. Some students might have a hard time focusing on the teacher when there are animals in the room.
Plus, having a classroom pet can cause safety problems. You never know how an animal will react to students. Even a cute little hamster might hurt a kid who sticks his or her hand in its cage.
—Patrick McKinney, Ohio
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。美国很多学校都有教室宠物，因为它们可以让各科教学变得妙趣横生并培养孩子们的责任心，但有些人也指出了教室饲养宠物所带来的不利因素和危险。
1．What does the underlined word “expelled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Allowed. B．Removed.
C．Protected. D．Educated.
B 解析：词义猜测题。第一段介绍了许多美国老师饲养教室宠物的原因是help students learn responsibility和reduce stress，而由画线词前But一词的转折以及下文介绍the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策)可知，有些人认为宠物应该“被赶出”教室。
2．What has happened in Durango schools?
A．Classroom pets are not allowed.
B．Animals are not allowed at schools.
C．Many teachers have pets without fur.
D．Many students are allergic to animals.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策)和Now animals can be brought into Durango schools for certain lessons, but they can’t stay.可知，该地所有学校实施无宠物政策，除非有特殊需求，动物不得带入学校。即不允许教室里饲养宠物。
3．What does D’Lasia Mays think of Elliot?
A．He needs special training.
B．He needs more proper care.
C．He has educational value for kids.
D．He is not only lovely but very smart.
C 解析：推理判断题。由D’Lasia Mays说教室里有宠物的益处a fun way to learn about animals...used him to teach us about different subjects和help kids learn how to work as a team可知，她认为教室宠物Elliot对孩子们来说有教育价值。
4．Who is against having classroom pets?
A．The author.
B．Lisa Robbins.
C．Patrick McKinney.
D．D’Lasia Mays’ teacher.
C 解析：推理判断题。由Patrick McKinney所表达的对于饲养教室宠物的观点take away valuable class time...a hard time focusing on the teacher和cause safety problems可知，他反对饲养教室宠物。
完形填空
It was around 5 am on a Saturday morning when my wife’s waters(羊水) broke. She was going to give birth to a child. It was the first day of her __1__. She had just said goodbye to her busy work and __2__ to get several days’ rest before the baby’s birth. However, the baby __3__ her plan. We got to the __4__ at 5：30 am Then, in the afternoon, I heard loud high noises and words of __5__ to “push”. Around 3：30 pm that day, our baby was born.
Birth is a __6__ process. I’m sure no one knows more about that than mothers. But even for the baby, it is difficult. However, there is a valuable lesson to __7__. “Achieving dreams is never a painless process. It is the __8__ and pain of the undesirable position we are in that __9__ us to reach out to something better.” Imagine what would __10__ if the birthing process was __11__ painless. The mother may not push—there will be nothing motivating(激励) her to push. The pain is a motivating __12__. Because it is the desire to __13__ the pain as quickly as possible that forces her to push.
__14__， the pain plays an important role in making our dreams come true. If we are happy or __15__ with our present situation, we will not “push” to __16__ our dreams. There will be no motivation to push __17__ we don’t feel the pain. It is interesting that most things we need to do in order to move forward eventually __18__ pain. Therefore, pain is good. It is the sign to remind us that something is wrong and we should do something to change our situation. Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up. __19__ it and we need take __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从妻子分娩的痛苦经历中得出了一个人生道理——孕育并实现梦想同样需要经历痛苦，这是激励人们改变现状的动力。
1．A.study B．exam
C．treatment D．leave
D 解析：根据上文中的It was the first day...以及下文中的said goodbye to her busy work...可知，作者妻子第一天“休假”。
2．A.failed B．decided
C．refused D．happened
B 解析：根据上文中的She had just said goodbye to her busy work...可知，作者的妻子“决定”休息几天。
3．A.announced B．developed
C．agreed D．changed
D 解析：根据上文的作者妻子想要休息几天却即将分娩可知，孩子“改变”了她的计划。
4．A.school B．hospital
C．company D．factory
B 解析：根据上文的It was around 5 am on a Saturday morning...以及．..She was going to give birth to a child.可知，他们在早上五点半到达“医院”。
5．A.encouragement B．laughter
C．appreciation D．comment
A 解析：根据上文作者的妻子即将分娩以及语境可知，作者听到的是尖叫声，以及医护人员的“鼓励声”。
6．A.popular B．pleasant
C．painful D．natural
C 解析：根据下文的But even for the baby, it is difficult.及常识可知，生孩子是一个“痛苦的”过程。
7．A.learn B．research
C．offer D．design
A 解析：根据下文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.以及语境可知，作者从这件事中“学会了”一个珍贵的道理。
8．A.disability B．dislike
C．disagreement D．discomfort
D 解析：根据上文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.可知，正是因为我们的处境中的“不适”和痛苦才迫使我们想要变得更好。
9．A.forbid B．force
C．allow D．want
B 解析：根据语境以及上下文可知，正是因为我们的处境中的不适和痛苦才“迫使”我们想要变得更好。
10．A.lose B．fall
C．happen D．repeat
C 解析：根据下文中的The mother may not push—there will be nothing motivating(激励) her to push.可知，此处表达的是设想一下会“发生”什么。
11．A.directly B．suddenly
C．truly D．completely
D 解析：根据上文的内容及语境可知，此处表达想象一下如果分娩过程是“完全”无痛的那会怎么样？
12．A.factor B．story
C．influence D．process
A 解析：根据下文中的．..that forces her to push.可知，痛苦就是一个激励的“因素”。
13．A.end B．feel
C．show D．describe
A 解析：根据上文可知，痛苦是一个具有激励作用的因素，是因为正是渴望尽快“结束”这种痛苦才会迫使作者的妻子去使劲用力。
14．A.Firstly B．Fortunately
C．Similarly D．Shortly
C 解析：根据下文中的．..the pain plays an important role in making our dreams come true.以及作者由分娩引申到孕育梦想可知，此处为“同样地”。
15．A.disappointed B．satisfied
C．impressed D．familiar
B 解析：根据下文中的．..we will not “push”．..可知，如果我们对现状感到“满意”。
16．A.imagine B．express
C．record D．realize
D 解析：根据上文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.可知，如果满足于现状，就不会努力去“实现”梦想。
17．A.though B．if
C．until D．but
B 解析：根据上下文以及语意可知，“如果”我们感觉不到痛苦，就不会有努力的动力。
18．A.suffer B．stop
C．cause D．experience
C 解析：根据下文中的Therefore, pain is good. It is the sign...to change our situation.可知，有时候为了前进，我们做的一些事情最终会“带来”痛苦。
19．A.Notice B．Believe
C．Track D．Control
A 解析：根据上文中的Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up.可知，我们应该“注意”到它。
20．A.time B．notes
C．photos D．action
D 解析：根据上文中的．..do something to change our situation. Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up.可知，我们应该注意到它并采取“行动”。
应用文写作
假定你是李华。你的美国笔友Ella因即将跟随父母到另外一个国家生活和学习，她情绪非常低落。请你用英语给她写一封电子邮件，表示安慰。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ella，
I’m sorry to hear that you’re upset these days because________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Ella，
I’m__sorry__to__hear__that__you’re__upset__these__days__because you’ll have to move to a new country.
Truly，it’s hard to leave a place where you’ve lived for many years and to say goodbye to your friends.I understand that you’ll have to face a whole new environment where you barely know anyone.However，things won’t be as bad as you think.You can still keep in touch with your friends through telephone，emails etc.Besides，moving to a new country will give you a chance to learn new things，meet more people and make new friends.Isn’t that great?
I hope you’ll cheer up soon and get ready to enjoy your new life!
Yours，
Li__Hua
课件20张PPT。Unit 4 Body languagelose weightget/take more exerciseunhealthy eating habitsaffect/influence your normal lifekeep a healthy state of mindovercome difficultiesat your agenaturalthe first thing to consider It is a good ideaThe most important thingIt is natural thatwhich本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
单句语法填空
1．Charlie Chaplin appears on the stage, wearing a small hat and holding a walking(walk) stick.
2．Jackson stood in front of his son, trying(try) to control his anger.
3．The headmaster came up to the boys playing(play) basketball on the playground.
4．Though feeling(feel) upset, Helen pretended to be cheerful when she came back home after work.
5．His uncle died, leaving(leave) him a large amount of money.
6．My grandmother doesn’t like to sit here doing(do) nothing all day long.
7．Taking(take) a deep breath, they dived into the cold water and saved the drowning(drown) boy.
8．Our monitor didn’t change much after graduation, except getting(get) a little fatter.
9．His parents got killed in the earthquake, leaving(leave) him an orphan.
10．Having__waited(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Joey realized that he had left his wallet at home.
阅读理解
In the United States, many teachers keep fish, hamsters(仓鼠), and other animals in their classrooms. Teachers say students learn important lessons from the animals. More than 70 percent of teachers who have classroom pets say the animals help students learn responsibility. Research also shows that classroom pets can reduce stress.
“Pets can comfort kids who are having a bad day，” says Lisa Robbins, who works for a group called Pets in the Classroom.
But others think pets should be expelled from classrooms. In January, the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策). Now animals can be brought into Durango schools for certain lessons, but they can’t stay. Officials were worried that animals might create problems for kids with allergies(过敏症). They were also concerned about the animals getting proper care.
Here’s what two of our readers think.
Having classroom pets gives students a fun way to learn about animals. In my class last year, we had a class pet named Elliot. Our teacher also used him to teach us about different subjects. For example, in math, we calculated how much it costs to feed Elliot for a year.
Pets also help kids learn how to work as a team. My classmates and I took turns feeding Elliot and cleaning his tank.
If teachers are worried about students with allergies, they could get pets that don’t have fur.
—D’Lasia Mays, Texas
Classroom pets can take away valuable class time. Some students might have a hard time focusing on the teacher when there are animals in the room.
Plus, having a classroom pet can cause safety problems. You never know how an animal will react to students. Even a cute little hamster might hurt a kid who sticks his or her hand in its cage.
—Patrick McKinney, Ohio
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。美国很多学校都有教室宠物，因为它们可以让各科教学变得妙趣横生并培养孩子们的责任心，但有些人也指出了教室饲养宠物所带来的不利因素和危险。
1．What does the underlined word “expelled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Allowed. B．Removed.
C．Protected. D．Educated.
B 解析：词义猜测题。第一段介绍了许多美国老师饲养教室宠物的原因是help students learn responsibility和reduce stress，而由画线词前But一词的转折以及下文介绍the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策)可知，有些人认为宠物应该“被赶出”教室。
2．What has happened in Durango schools?
A．Classroom pets are not allowed.
B．Animals are not allowed at schools.
C．Many teachers have pets without fur.
D．Many students are allergic to animals.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的the Durango School District in Colorado began following a no-pet policy(政策)和Now animals can be brought into Durango schools for certain lessons, but they can’t stay.可知，该地所有学校实施无宠物政策，除非有特殊需求，动物不得带入学校。即不允许教室里饲养宠物。
3．What does D’Lasia Mays think of Elliot?
A．He needs special training.
B．He needs more proper care.
C．He has educational value for kids.
D．He is not only lovely but very smart.
C 解析：推理判断题。由D’Lasia Mays说教室里有宠物的益处a fun way to learn about animals...used him to teach us about different subjects和help kids learn how to work as a team可知，她认为教室宠物Elliot对孩子们来说有教育价值。
4．Who is against having classroom pets?
A．The author.
B．Lisa Robbins.
C．Patrick McKinney.
D．D’Lasia Mays’ teacher.
C 解析：推理判断题。由Patrick McKinney所表达的对于饲养教室宠物的观点take away valuable class time...a hard time focusing on the teacher和cause safety problems可知，他反对饲养教室宠物。
完形填空
It was around 5 am on a Saturday morning when my wife’s waters(羊水) broke. She was going to give birth to a child. It was the first day of her __1__. She had just said goodbye to her busy work and __2__ to get several days’ rest before the baby’s birth. However, the baby __3__ her plan. We got to the __4__ at 5：30 am Then, in the afternoon, I heard loud high noises and words of __5__ to “push”. Around 3：30 pm that day, our baby was born.
Birth is a __6__ process. I’m sure no one knows more about that than mothers. But even for the baby, it is difficult. However, there is a valuable lesson to __7__. “Achieving dreams is never a painless process. It is the __8__ and pain of the undesirable position we are in that __9__ us to reach out to something better.” Imagine what would __10__ if the birthing process was __11__ painless. The mother may not push—there will be nothing motivating(激励) her to push. The pain is a motivating __12__. Because it is the desire to __13__ the pain as quickly as possible that forces her to push.
__14__， the pain plays an important role in making our dreams come true. If we are happy or __15__ with our present situation, we will not “push” to __16__ our dreams. There will be no motivation to push __17__ we don’t feel the pain. It is interesting that most things we need to do in order to move forward eventually __18__ pain. Therefore, pain is good. It is the sign to remind us that something is wrong and we should do something to change our situation. Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up. __19__ it and we need take __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从妻子分娩的痛苦经历中得出了一个人生道理——孕育并实现梦想同样需要经历痛苦，这是激励人们改变现状的动力。
1．A.study B．exam
C．treatment D．leave
D 解析：根据上文中的It was the first day...以及下文中的said goodbye to her busy work...可知，作者妻子第一天“休假”。
2．A.failed B．decided
C．refused D．happened
B 解析：根据上文中的She had just said goodbye to her busy work...可知，作者的妻子“决定”休息几天。
3．A.announced B．developed
C．agreed D．changed
D 解析：根据上文的作者妻子想要休息几天却即将分娩可知，孩子“改变”了她的计划。
4．A.school B．hospital
C．company D．factory
B 解析：根据上文的It was around 5 am on a Saturday morning...以及．..She was going to give birth to a child.可知，他们在早上五点半到达“医院”。
5．A.encouragement B．laughter
C．appreciation D．comment
A 解析：根据上文作者的妻子即将分娩以及语境可知，作者听到的是尖叫声，以及医护人员的“鼓励声”。
6．A.popular B．pleasant
C．painful D．natural
C 解析：根据下文的But even for the baby, it is difficult.及常识可知，生孩子是一个“痛苦的”过程。
7．A.learn B．research
C．offer D．design
A 解析：根据下文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.以及语境可知，作者从这件事中“学会了”一个珍贵的道理。
8．A.disability B．dislike
C．disagreement D．discomfort
D 解析：根据上文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.可知，正是因为我们的处境中的“不适”和痛苦才迫使我们想要变得更好。
9．A.forbid B．force
C．allow D．want
B 解析：根据语境以及上下文可知，正是因为我们的处境中的不适和痛苦才“迫使”我们想要变得更好。
10．A.lose B．fall
C．happen D．repeat
C 解析：根据下文中的The mother may not push—there will be nothing motivating(激励) her to push.可知，此处表达的是设想一下会“发生”什么。
11．A.directly B．suddenly
C．truly D．completely
D 解析：根据上文的内容及语境可知，此处表达想象一下如果分娩过程是“完全”无痛的那会怎么样？
12．A.factor B．story
C．influence D．process
A 解析：根据下文中的．..that forces her to push.可知，痛苦就是一个激励的“因素”。
13．A.end B．feel
C．show D．describe
A 解析：根据上文可知，痛苦是一个具有激励作用的因素，是因为正是渴望尽快“结束”这种痛苦才会迫使作者的妻子去使劲用力。
14．A.Firstly B．Fortunately
C．Similarly D．Shortly
C 解析：根据下文中的．..the pain plays an important role in making our dreams come true.以及作者由分娩引申到孕育梦想可知，此处为“同样地”。
15．A.disappointed B．satisfied
C．impressed D．familiar
B 解析：根据下文中的．..we will not “push”．..可知，如果我们对现状感到“满意”。
16．A.imagine B．express
C．record D．realize
D 解析：根据上文中的Achieving dreams is never a painless process.可知，如果满足于现状，就不会努力去“实现”梦想。
17．A.though B．if
C．until D．but
B 解析：根据上下文以及语意可知，“如果”我们感觉不到痛苦，就不会有努力的动力。
18．A.suffer B．stop
C．cause D．experience
C 解析：根据下文中的Therefore, pain is good. It is the sign...to change our situation.可知，有时候为了前进，我们做的一些事情最终会“带来”痛苦。
19．A.Notice B．Believe
C．Track D．Control
A 解析：根据上文中的Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up.可知，我们应该“注意”到它。
20．A.time B．notes
C．photos D．action
D 解析：根据上文中的．..do something to change our situation. Don’t lose sight of it or try to cover it up.可知，我们应该注意到它并采取“行动”。
应用文写作
假定你是李华。你的美国笔友Ella因即将跟随父母到另外一个国家生活和学习，她情绪非常低落。请你用英语给她写一封电子邮件，表示安慰。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ella，
I’m sorry to hear that you’re upset these days because________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Ella，
I’m__sorry__to__hear__that__you’re__upset__these__days__because you’ll have to move to a new country.
Truly，it’s hard to leave a place where you’ve lived for many years and to say goodbye to your friends.I understand that you’ll have to face a whole new environment where you barely know anyone.However，things won’t be as bad as you think.You can still keep in touch with your friends through telephone，emails etc.Besides，moving to a new country will give you a chance to learn new things，meet more people and make new friends.Isn’t that great?
I hope you’ll cheer up soon and get ready to enjoy your new life!
Yours，
Li__Hua
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.statement n．陈述；说明
Soon afterwards he made his first public statement(state) about the affair.
2.represent vt.代表；象征；表现；描写；描绘；声称
①Fortunately, the top student represented(represent) his school and made a speech at the meeting.
②At the meeting, she expressed her satisfaction, representing(represent) her university.
3.curiously adv.好奇地
The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity．(curious)
4.approach vt. & vi.接近；靠近；走近 n．[U]接近；[C]方法；途径；通道
①As autumn approached(approach), the plants in the garden changed.
②We will have to adopt a more scientific approach __to protecting the traditional customs.
5.defence n．防御；保卫
In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
6.major adj.主要的 vi.主修
She majors in history. However, the majority(major) of her friends major in science.
7.misunderstand vt.误解；误会
If you misunderstand somebody, it’s likely to lead to a misunderstanding．(misunderstand)
8.spoken adj.口语的
The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken(speak) English.
9.facial adj.面部的
My brother’s facial(face) expression suggested that he was very happy.
10.truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地
To tell you the truth, I’m truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true．(true)
11.anger n．怒气；怒火
①As a matter of fact, much of our stress, disappointment, anger(angry) or worry comes from little things.
②She was angry with him for not being able to attend his birthday party.
12.hug vi.& vt.拥抱 n．拥抱
Jim came up and gave me a big hug(给了我一个大大的拥抱) as soon as he saw me.
阅读词汇排查练
1.simply adv. 简单地；只
2.Muslim n．& adj. 穆斯林(的)；伊
斯兰教信徒的
3.posture n. 姿势；体态
4.crossroads n． 十字路口
5.frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额
6.misread vt. 读错；误解
7.fist n． 拳头
8.yawn vi. 打呵欠
9.cassette n. 磁带
重点短语
会书写
会应用
1.defend against 防御；保卫……以免
2.be likely to 很可能……；有希望……
3.in general 总的来说；通常
4.in defence 保卫；防御
5.at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
6.turn one’s back to
背对；背弃
7.lose face 丢脸
1.The man became angry and shouted at his son. In general, he is a nice man and seldom loses his temper.
2.If Tom doesn’t keep his promise, he’ll lose face.
3.I’m a little nervous. Give me a cup of tea to put me at ease.
4.I was about to greet Mr White on the street when he turned his back to me, which made me disappointed and embarrassed.
5.When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands as if in defence.
重点句型
句式
仿写
1.the first/second.../last＋名词＋to do sth.
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
1931年，Addams成为第一个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
2.not all表示部分否定
Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
并不是所有人都愿意做这样的工作，因为它对于有些人来说太难了。
Not all are willing to do such work, for it is quite hard for some of them.
3.even if引导让步状语从句
It is possible to “read” others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.
他说他即使整晚不睡觉也一定要让这台计算机工作起来。
He said he would make this computer work even if he had to stay up all night.
单元语法
1．Judging(judge) from the appearance, it is very peaceful, but in fact, a war will break out soon.
2．Working(work) harder at English, you’ll make greater progress.
3．Looking(look) out through the window, we saw a beautiful scenery.
4．To__finish(finish) the work ahead of time，we have to work hard.
5．The fire lasted nearly a day, leaving(leave) nothing valuable.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．肢体语言是与人交流的一种方法。(means)
2．并非所有的人都可以用同一种肢体语言进行交流。(not everybody)
3．有着不同文化背景的人们对彼此的手势很有可能产生误会。(gesture；misunderstand)
4．即使在同一个国家也会有不同的肢体语言。(even if)
5．如果你身在国外，了解当地的肢体语言是非常重要的。(it is important for sb.to do sth.)
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One possible version：
Body language is a means of communication. However, not everybody can use the same body language to communicate with others. People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use. People may have different body language even if they live in the same country. Therefore it is very important for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.
课件16张PPT。Unit 4 Body languagestatementrepresentedrepresentingcuriouscuriouslycuriosityapproachedtodefencedefendmajorityinmisunderstandmisunderstandingspokenfacialtruthtrulytrueangerwithgave me a big hug简单地；只穆斯林(的)；伊斯兰教信徒的姿势；体态十字路口皱眉；蹙额读错；误解拳头打呵欠磁带defend againstbe likely toin generalin defenceat easeturn one’s back tolose faceIn generallose faceat easeturned his back toin defenceto winthe Nobel Peace PrizeNot all are willing to do such
work even if he
had to stay up all nightJudgingWorkingLookingTo finish leaving本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
