“人人学急救，急救为人人”。学习急救知识，不仅可以保护我们自己，甚至能在关键时刻挽救他人。下面我们来分享一位10岁的小女孩如何在关键时刻运用在学校所学的急救知识挽救她妈妈的生命的故事吧！
Hanna’s story
“She is a little girl and she wouldn’t have known what to do if she hadn’t been taught at school，” says Michelle Floyd. But luckily when Michelle Floyd collapsed(晕倒), her 10－year－old daughter, Hanna, knew exactly what to do. After attending a first aid club at Bury Grammar School, Hanna was quickly able to put her first aid knowledge into practice when her mum became unresponsive. Here is the story.
Michelle and Hanna were driving home from a friend’s house when Michelle started to feel unwell and dizzy. When they got home, Michelle collapsed and did not respond when Hanna called her name. Hanna knew she needed to act quickly to help her mum; she did not panic when she called for an ambulance.
“She knew what to do because she said she had practised calling 911 at school，” said Michelle. Remembering what she had learned at school, Hanna
checked for breathing by tilting(使倾斜) her mum’s head back and looking and listening for breaths. Michelle was breathing, so Hanna moved her on to her side and tilted her head back to help keep her airway open so that she could continue to breathe. All the while, Hanna remained calm and continued to talk to and reassure her mum.
Before paramedics(医护人员) quickly arrived, Michelle had started to come round and was able to respond to the paramedics, although she had no idea how Hanna had helped her. The paramedics took Michelle and Hanna to hospital, where they conducted further tests, and concluded that Michelle had had an allergic reaction to some medicine she had taken earlier in the day. Michelle was back home later that evening and was so grateful that her daughter had known what to do.
Michelle thinks learning first aid is important at any age. She said, “I think everybody should learn first aid because nobody knows when a situation like this will happen. I am very grateful to the school for teaching my daughter first aid.”
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1．aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助
2．temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的
3．bleed vi. & vt. 流血
4．choke vi. & vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息
5．skin n. 皮；皮肤
6．organ n． 器官
7．barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物)
8．squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨
9．vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的
10．pour vt. & vi. 倒；灌；注；涌
拓展词汇
11．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的
12．injury n．损伤；伤害→injure vt.伤害
13．variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various adj.各种各样的
14．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地
15．swell vi. & vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
16．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的→bearable adj. 可忍受的；能应付的→bear v. 忍受
阅读词汇
17．ankle n． 踝(关节)
18．complex adj. 复杂的
19．liquid n. 液体
20．scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀
21．bandage n. 绷带
22．radiation n. 辐射；射线
23．heal vi.& vt. (使)康复；(使)化解
重点短语
1．first_aid (对伤患者的)急救
2．fall_ill 生病
3．electric_shock 触电；电休克
4．squeeze_out 榨出；挤出
5．over_and_over_again 反复；多次
6．in_place 在适当的位置；适当
7．get_injured 受伤
8．a_variety_of 各种各样的
重点句型
1．keep＋宾语＋宾补
The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps_you_warm_or_cool(使你保暖或保持凉爽); it prevents your body from losing too much water...
2．as引导的定语从句
So as_you_can_imagine(正如你可以想象到的), if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
3．unless引导状语从句，意为“除非……”
Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless_it_is_stuck_to_the_burn(除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上)．
4．if necessary省略句
Remove clothing using scissors if_necessary(如果有必要) unless it is stuck to the burn.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
1．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．The functions of the skin.
B．The characteristics of burns.
C．The burns and the first aid treatment.
D．How to carry out the first aid for burns.
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1( ) A．The three types of burns.
Para.2( ) B．What to do if someone gets burned.
Paras.3－6( ) C．The functions of the skin.
Para.7( ) D．The symptoms of burns.
Paras.8－14( ) E．How we get burns.
答案：1．C 2.CEADB
Careful-reading
Read the text and choose the best answer.
1．How to judge first, second or third degree burns according to the text?
A．See whether the burns are dry, red or mildly swollen.
B．Depend on which layers of the skin are burned.
C．Depend on whether the burns are rough, red or swollen.
D．Depend on whether the tissue under the burns can be seen.
2．What is an essential part of your body and its largest organ?
A．The skin. B．The head.
C．The heart. D．The blood.
3．You can treat burns at home in all the following cases EXCEPT________．
A．the burn area is slightly swollen
B．only the first layer of the skin is affected
C．you don’t feel any pain after being burned
D．the burn covers only a very small area
4．If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred, it belongs to ________．
A．the first degree B．the second degree
C．the third degree D．none of the above
答案：1－4.BACC
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.
―→Often the illness or injury is not serious，
but并列句表转折
when引导定语从句
when giving first aid quickly can save lives.
[翻译] 通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但有时迅速实施急救能挽救人的生命。
2．Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.
本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主干为：主语(Burns)＋谓语(are called)＋主语补足语(first, second or third degree burns)。depending on...are burned作状语，其中which layers of the skin are burned是宾语从句。
[翻译] 根据皮肤烧伤的层次，烧伤分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
3．For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.
本句是一个主从复合句。主句是keep cloths cool by...about an hour；until引导时间状语从句。 主句的主干是keep cloths cool；动词-ing形式短语putting...，squeezing...，and placing...作by的宾语。
[翻译] 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再把它们放在烧伤面上，这样反反复复做一个小时左右，直到不太痛为止。
①first aid(对伤患者的)急救
②essential[I'sen?l]adj.不可缺少的；最重要的；本质的
③organ['??ɡ?n]n.器官
④layer['leI?]n.层；层次
⑤act as充当；担任
⑥barrier['b?rI?]n.屏障；障碍(物)
⑦poison['p?Izn]n.毒药；毒害
vt.毒害；使中毒
⑧ray[reI]n.光线；射线
⑨fun_ction[f??k?n]n.功能；作用
complex['k?mpleks]adj.复杂的
?sense of touch触觉
?treatment['tri?tm?nt]n.治疗；处理；对待
?variety[v?'raI?tI]n.变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
a variety of各种各样的
?liquid['lIkwId]n.液体
?radiation[?reIdI'eI?n]n.辐射；射线
?mild[maIldl]adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的
mild sunburn轻微的晒伤
mildly['maIldlI]adv.轻微地；温和地
?pan[p?n]n.平底锅；盘子
?stove[st??v]n.炉子；火炉
?heal[hi?l]vi.& vt.(使)康复；(使)化解
?severe[sI'vI?]adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
severe sunburn严重的晒伤
tissue['tI?u?]n.(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸
electric shock触电；电休克
swollen['sw??l?n]adj.肿胀的
swell[swel]vi.& vt.(swelled，swollen)(使)膨胀；隆起
rough[r?f]adj.粗糙的；粗鲁的
blister['blIst?]n.水泡
vi.& vt.(使)起水泡
watery['w??t(?)rI]adj.(似)水的
char[t?ɑ?]vi.烧焦
nerve[n??v]n.神经；勇气
damage['d?mId?]vt.
损害，伤害n.损害；损失
scissors['sIz?z]n.(pl.)剪刀
stick[stIk]v.(stuck, stuck)粘贴，粘住
take off脱下，摘掉；起飞；匆忙离开；取消
jewellery['d?u??lri]n.珠宝，首饰
unbearable[?n'be?r?bl]
adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的
put sth. back将……放回
basin['beIsn]n.盆；盆地
a basin of一盆……
squeeze out榨出；挤出
squeeze[skwi?z]vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨
over and over again反复；多次
wound[wu?nd]n.伤口；创伤
vt.使受伤；伤害
infect[In'fekt]vt.感染；传染
infection[In'fek?n]n.感染；传染；传染病
infectious[In'fek??s]adj.
传染性的；感染的
bandage['b?ndId?]n.绷带
in place在适当的位置；适当
ointment['?Intm?nt]n.药膏；
油膏
sit up坐直；坐起来；熬夜，迟睡
vital['vaItl]adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的
FIRST AID① FOR BURNS
The skin is an essential② part of your body and its largest organ③.You have three layers④ of skin which act as⑤ a barrier⑥ against disease，poisons⑦ and the sun’s harmful rays⑧．The functions⑨ of your skin are also very complexB10：it keeps you warm or cool；it prevents your body from losing too much water；it is where you feel cold，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch?.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment? of burns.
◆此处为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词three layers of skin。
◆keeps you warm or cool为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
◆prevent...from doing...意为“阻止……做……”，其中from可以省略。
◆此处为where引导的表语从句，where在从句中作状语。
◆此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代后面的全部内容。
Causes of burns
You can get burned by a variety? of things: hot liquids?， steam, fire, radiation?(by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.
Types of burns
There are three types of burns.Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned．
·First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.Examples include mild? sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan?， stove? or iron for a moment．
·Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal?.Examples include severe? sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.
·Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissueB21 and organs under the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocksB22，burning clothes，or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.
◆depending on...burned为现在分词短语作状语，其中which...burned作on的宾语。
◆caused by touching...moment是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰burns。
Characteristics of burns
First degree burns
·dry, red and mildly swollenB23
·mildly painful
·turn white when pressed
Second degree burns
·roughB24, red and swollen
·blistersB25
·wateryB26surface
·extremely painful
Third degree burns
·black and white and charredB27
·swollen；often tissue under them can be seen
·little or no pain if nervesB28are damagedB29；may be pain around edge of injured area.
◆when pressed是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。本句的完整形式为“First degree burns turn white when they are pressed.”。
First aid treatment
1Remove clothing using scissorsB30 if necessary unless it is stuckB31 to the burn.Take offB32 other clothing and jewelleryB33near the burn．
2Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes．(The cool water stops the burning process，prevents the pain becoming unbearableB34 and reduces swelling.)Do not put cold water on third degree burns.
◆此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，其中主句中的using scissors为现在分词短语作状语；if necessary为省略形式，其完整形式为if it is necessary。
◆此处It 为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to place...minutes为真正的主语。
3For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them backB35 in a basinB36 of cold water，squeezing them outB37 and placing them on the burned area over and over againB38 for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.
4Dry the burned area gently.Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the woundB39 may get infectedB40.
5Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandageB41 that will not stick to the skin．Hold the bandage in placeB42 with tape. Never put butter，oil or ointmentB43 on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
6If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If burns are on the face, the victim should sit upB44.
7If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vitalB45 to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once．
◆此处为as引导的原因状语从句。
◆此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a dry, clean bandage。
◆此处为as引导的原因状语从句。
◆If在本句中引导条件状语从句，后面的if possible为插入语，其完整形式为：“if it is possible”。
◆it is vital (for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是至关重要的”，其中it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。
烧伤急救
皮肤是身体必不可少的一部分，也是身体最大的器官。皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。皮肤的功能也十分复杂：它能保暖或散热，保持体内水分不过多流失。正是皮肤让你感到冷热和病痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况就会非常严重。治疗烧伤，急救是非常重要的第一步。
烧伤的原因
你可能会被各种各样的东西烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或者化学物品。
烧伤的种类
烧伤有三类。根据皮肤的烧伤层分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
·一度烧伤 这些(烧伤)只影响皮肤的最上层。这些烧伤不严重，在一两天内应该就会有所好转。例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰触到热锅、炉子或熨斗而导致的烫(烧)伤。
·二度烧伤 这种(烧伤)影响了皮肤的最上层和第二层。这类烧伤比较严重，需数周才能痊愈。例子包括严重的晒伤和由灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。
·三度烧伤 这些(烧伤)影响所有三层皮肤以及皮下的组织和器官。例子包括因触电、着火的衣服或汽油(燃烧)而引起的大火所导致的烧伤，这些烧伤会造成非常严重的伤害，受伤者必须立即去医院。
烧伤的特点
一度烧伤
·干燥、发红、微肿
·微痛
·受压时变白
二度烧伤
·粗糙、发红、肿胀
·起水泡
·表面渗液
·极其疼痛
三度烧伤
·发黑、发白并被烧焦
·肿胀，通常可看到皮下组织
·若损坏了神经，则有轻微的疼痛感或没有疼痛感，或者可能在烧伤面四周有疼痛感。
急救处理
1除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。靠近烧伤面的其他衣服和首饰也都要去掉。
2立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢慢流动的自来水下(冲洗)大约10分钟。(凉水可阻止烧伤的进程，阻止疼痛变得无法忍受，并减轻肿胀的程度。)三度烧伤不可用冷水冲洗。
3对于一度烧伤，把清凉、干净的湿布放在烧伤面上，直到不太痛为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再把它们放在烧伤面上，这样反复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛为止。
4轻轻地把烧伤面弄干。不要摩擦，因为这样(做)可能会擦破水泡，伤口可能会感染。
5用干燥、洁净而且不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面，用胶布把绷带固定。千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或药膏，因为它们会使伤口里面的热散不出去，(从而)可能导致感染。
6如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者则应该坐起来。
7如果是二度或三度烧伤，立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。
阅读理解
A
I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller－coaster. It was very exciting. I’m 105, but I feel younger. Even the doctor agrees I’m in good shape. I’m a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they’re the only issues.
I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land, which spins you round quite fast. I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down. But I was told I couldn’t ride something like that, because my blood pressure could drop and I might have blacked out.
I wasn’t nervous—I don’t get frightened of anything. I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldn’t fall out. The roller－coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience. And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.
People were saying I’d got a place in the Guinness World Records. Later, someone came to present me with the certificate(证书). I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one that I had got a year earlier.
My record-breaking ways really began a couple of years ago, with the ice－bucket challenge. It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular. After that, I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.
I’m not sure if anyone admires all the fun I’m having. They just say I’m daft and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者是一位百岁老人，但是他却勇于挑战自己。
1．Why didn’t the author choose to ride the Twistosaurus?
A．Because he thought it spun too fast.
B．Because he considered it too gentle.
C．Because he was told not to take a risk.
D．Because he was in a bad physical condition.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，作者最后选择了一个难度更大的，因此作者认为之前的难度不够，太过平缓 。
2．How did the author most probably react while riding the roller－coaster?
A．He got frightened as it started moving.
B．He couldn’t think much about it.
C．He was very worried at first.
D．He really enjoyed himself.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The roller－coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience.”可知，作者很享受这次经历。
3．What do we know about the author from Paragraph 4?
A．He set a record the year before last year.
B．He was the oldest person in the world.
C．He disliked showing off his success.
D．He was eager to get certificates.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one that I had got a year earlier.”可知，作者在前年也创造过一项世界纪录。
4．What does the underlined word “daft” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Healthy. B．Strong.
C．Funny. D．Crazy.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“...and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times.”可知，一般人认为作者的这种行为是疯狂的，但是作者却体验到了许多激动人心的时刻。
B
I will not go on about the causes of sunburn because you probably already know. If you get sunburned, you may be feeling a bit embarrassed about it. Once you have sunburn, the damage is done. So try the following ways to ease the discomfort.
Cool it down by taking a bath or shower. Keep the water and room temperature warm, especially for children as they may easily feel cold. Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water. This may help reduce your pain. You could also place a wet and cool cloth on the burnt area for about 15 minutes. Do that several times a day.
Apply moisture(水分). You can choose some cream that makes your skin not that dry. Apply aloe, either the plant form or gel. Aloe contains active things that help reduce pain. Over the next few days, the skin may peel(脱皮). This is the body’s way of eliminating the dead skin, so keep using such cream to help make your skin comfortable.
Leave any blisters complete. This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected. You can cover blisters to protect them if needed and definitely do not wear clothing that will cause friction(摩擦) as this can “pop” the blisters. Damaging the blisters can, and probably will cause more pain with rubbing on soft skin and also cause infection.
Give pain relief if needed. The medicine aspirin is not recommended for children.
At this point, the person may not be comfortable, so do not make it worse by applying something that can prevent healing and increase or lock in the heat under the skin, therefore causing more burn damage.
See a doctor if：
▲it covers a large part of the body or is severe in nature.
▲there is a high fever, chills, rash, nausea, and severe pain.
▲feeling faint or dizzy, rapid pulse or quick breathing.
▲extreme thirst, little or no urine output or sunken eyes.
【解题导语】 被晒伤后应该怎么办呢？本文给我们提供了一些相关的建议。
5．Why do some people use baking soda after getting sunburned?
A．To help prevent disease.
B．To feel better in this way.
C．To avoid getting cold.
D．To reduce the burnt area.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water. This may help reduce your pain.”可知，这样做是为了感觉舒服一些。
6．What does the underlined word “eliminating” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Protecting. B．Covering.
C．Improving. D．Removing.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Over the next few days, the skin may peel(脱皮)．”以及“the dead skin”可知，这里是指“清除”死皮。
7．What does the author consider important after getting sunburned?
A．Avoiding breaking blisters.
B．Going to see a doctor immediately.
C．Taking medicine to avoid infection.
D．Preventing the skin from developing blisters.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Leave any blisters complete. This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected.”可知，不让水泡破掉很重要。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Things to help treat sunburn.
B．The common causes of sunburn.
C．Ways to deal with sunburn.
D．Methods to deal with blisters properly.
C 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了晒伤后该怎么办，即应对晒伤的方法。
完形填空
I met a man yesterday and didn’t get his name. Our meeting seemed to be __1__ by something unknown.
He was a(n)__2__man. His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的). I didn’t see him at first. I decided to search for the owner__3__I found a very worn and old wooden walking stick, which was hanging outside of a shopping cart. I looked around and __4__out to a man who was walking away. I__5__it was his. It was. And he returned__6__to get it. A short distance cost him a long time.
I was in a friendly mood to start a(n)__7__. That was when the story between us began. I stood outside the supermarket with him for 10 minutes just__8__. And that was all he wanted—to be heard and to__9__his story. I stood there feeling his__10__over losing his first wife during childbirth to his only son and later his joys of__11__this son on his own as well as traveling the world. He__12__found his true love and married a childhood sweetheart, his second wife. He is very__13__ that he has an intact(完整的) family now.
At the end of our talk, this man__14__my hands, looked me in the eye and thanked me sincerely. And then he__15__and walked away.
As he walked away, a strong feeling__16__me. And I seemed to hear a __17__in my mind that told me he was peaceful now.
Strangers are never strangers__18__you open your heart to them. Often they dress up like__19__， waiting to bless you or to be blessed.
Yesterday I was__20__—an angel to this man, and at the same time, blessed by him.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者在超市外偶遇一位陌生老人并倾听他的故事，陌生老人对作者心存感激，从而引发作者的一番感慨——只要敞开心扉，愿意倾听，陌生人也可以变成朋友。
1．A.joined B．arranged
C．made D．invented
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者遇见了一位老人，但不知道他的名字，他们的相遇就像冥冥之中被安排好的一样。故答案选“arranged”。
2．A.poor B．elderly
C．strong D．handsome
B 解析：根据下文“His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的)．”可知这是一位年迈的老人。故答案选“elderly”。
3．A.before B．until
C．when D．but
C 解析：当“我”发现一根非常老旧的木制拐杖时，“我”决定去找到它的主人。故答案选“when”。
4．A.went B．called
C．broke D．worked
B 解析：作者看到一位老人就叫了他一声。故答案选“called”。
5．A.decided B．remembered
C．guessed D．suggested
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者只是猜测那根拐杖是那位老人的，结果的确是。故答案选“guessed”。
6．A.carelessly B．angrily
C．proudly D．slowly
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他已年迈，很短的一段路都耗费他不少时间，所以是慢慢地走。故答案选“slowly”。
7．A.speech B．discussion
C．conversation D．argument
C 解析：根据下文可知，作者表现出乐意与这位老人交谈的样子。故答案选“conversation”。
8．A.listening B．watching
C．laughing D．speaking
A 解析：根据下文的“to be heard”等信息可知，全程“我”都是在倾听这位老人讲述自己的经历。故答案选“listening”。
9．A.write B．share
C．finish D．report
B 解析：根据上下文可知，这位老人所需要的就是被聆听和分享他的故事。故答案选“share”。
10．A.worry B．pain
C．nervousness D．trouble
B 解析：根据下文可知，他的第一位妻子在生下唯一的儿子之后就去世了，所以他很痛苦。故答案选“pain”。
11．A.bringing out B．taking
C．teaching D．bringing up
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他的第一位妻子过世后，他在独自养育儿子的过程中也得到了快乐。故答案选“bringing up”。
12．A.hardly B．finally
C．frequently D．usually
B 解析：根据语境可知，他最终得到了真爱。故答案选“finally”。
13．A.surprised B．confident
C．positive D．satisfied
D 解析：根据句意可知，他现在有了一个完整的家庭，所以他感到很满足。故答案选“satisfied”。
14．A.touched B．held
C．cleaned D．covered
B 解析：根据句意可知，“我们”谈话后，那位老人握着“我”的手，看着“我”的眼睛，真诚地感谢了“我”。故答案选“held”。
15．A.came back B．turned back
C．stood back D．put back
B 解析：turn back意为“转过身”；come back意为“回来”；stand back意为“后退”；put back意为“放回，推迟”。根据句意，那位老人转身走了。故答案选“turned back”。
16．A.came over B．came with
C．came through D．came across
A 解析：come over意为“突然产生(某种感觉)”；come with意为“伴随”；come through意为“经过”；come across意为“偶然遇见”。根据句意，那位老人走后，一种强烈的感觉涌向“我”。故答案选“came over”。
17．A.noise B．voice
C．song D．story
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”似乎听到有个声音告诉我，那位老人分享完他的故事后，他的内心得到了安宁。故答案选“voice”。
18．A.if B．unless
C．before D．though
A 解析：根据语境可知，如果“我们”能敞开心扉，陌生人也能成为朋友。故答案选“if”。
19．A.strangers B．angels
C．friends D．enemies
B 解析：根据下文中的“Yesterday I was...an angel to this man”可知答案选“angels”。
20．A.neither B．either
C．both D．all
C 解析：根据上下文可知，昨天“我”既是这位老人的天使，同时，也得到了这位老人的祝福。故答案选“both”。
课件63张PPT。Unit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aid本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller－coaster. It was very exciting. I’m 105, but I feel younger. Even the doctor agrees I’m in good shape. I’m a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they’re the only issues.
I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land, which spins you round quite fast. I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down. But I was told I couldn’t ride something like that, because my blood pressure could drop and I might have blacked out.
I wasn’t nervous—I don’t get frightened of anything. I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldn’t fall out. The roller－coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience. And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.
People were saying I’d got a place in the Guinness World Records. Later, someone came to present me with the certificate(证书). I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one that I had got a year earlier.
My record-breaking ways really began a couple of years ago, with the ice－bucket challenge. It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular. After that, I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.
I’m not sure if anyone admires all the fun I’m having. They just say I’m daft and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者是一位百岁老人，但是他却勇于挑战自己。
1．Why didn’t the author choose to ride the Twistosaurus?
A．Because he thought it spun too fast.
B．Because he considered it too gentle.
C．Because he was told not to take a risk.
D．Because he was in a bad physical condition.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，作者最后选择了一个难度更大的，因此作者认为之前的难度不够，太过平缓 。
2．How did the author most probably react while riding the roller－coaster?
A．He got frightened as it started moving.
B．He couldn’t think much about it.
C．He was very worried at first.
D．He really enjoyed himself.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The roller－coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience.”可知，作者很享受这次经历。
3．What do we know about the author from Paragraph 4?
A．He set a record the year before last year.
B．He was the oldest person in the world.
C．He disliked showing off his success.
D．He was eager to get certificates.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one that I had got a year earlier.”可知，作者在前年也创造过一项世界纪录。
4．What does the underlined word “daft” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Healthy. B．Strong.
C．Funny. D．Crazy.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“...and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times.”可知，一般人认为作者的这种行为是疯狂的，但是作者却体验到了许多激动人心的时刻。
B
I will not go on about the causes of sunburn because you probably already know. If you get sunburned, you may be feeling a bit embarrassed about it. Once you have sunburn, the damage is done. So try the following ways to ease the discomfort.
Cool it down by taking a bath or shower. Keep the water and room temperature warm, especially for children as they may easily feel cold. Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water. This may help reduce your pain. You could also place a wet and cool cloth on the burnt area for about 15 minutes. Do that several times a day.
Apply moisture(水分). You can choose some cream that makes your skin not that dry. Apply aloe, either the plant form or gel. Aloe contains active things that help reduce pain. Over the next few days, the skin may peel(脱皮). This is the body’s way of eliminating the dead skin, so keep using such cream to help make your skin comfortable.
Leave any blisters complete. This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected. You can cover blisters to protect them if needed and definitely do not wear clothing that will cause friction(摩擦) as this can “pop” the blisters. Damaging the blisters can, and probably will cause more pain with rubbing on soft skin and also cause infection.
Give pain relief if needed. The medicine aspirin is not recommended for children.
At this point, the person may not be comfortable, so do not make it worse by applying something that can prevent healing and increase or lock in the heat under the skin, therefore causing more burn damage.
See a doctor if：
▲it covers a large part of the body or is severe in nature.
▲there is a high fever, chills, rash, nausea, and severe pain.
▲feeling faint or dizzy, rapid pulse or quick breathing.
▲extreme thirst, little or no urine output or sunken eyes.
【解题导语】 被晒伤后应该怎么办呢？本文给我们提供了一些相关的建议。
5．Why do some people use baking soda after getting sunburned?
A．To help prevent disease.
B．To feel better in this way.
C．To avoid getting cold.
D．To reduce the burnt area.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water. This may help reduce your pain.”可知，这样做是为了感觉舒服一些。
6．What does the underlined word “eliminating” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Protecting. B．Covering.
C．Improving. D．Removing.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Over the next few days, the skin may peel(脱皮)．”以及“the dead skin”可知，这里是指“清除”死皮。
7．What does the author consider important after getting sunburned?
A．Avoiding breaking blisters.
B．Going to see a doctor immediately.
C．Taking medicine to avoid infection.
D．Preventing the skin from developing blisters.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Leave any blisters complete. This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected.”可知，不让水泡破掉很重要。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Things to help treat sunburn.
B．The common causes of sunburn.
C．Ways to deal with sunburn.
D．Methods to deal with blisters properly.
C 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了晒伤后该怎么办，即应对晒伤的方法。
完形填空
I met a man yesterday and didn’t get his name. Our meeting seemed to be __1__ by something unknown.
He was a(n)__2__man. His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的). I didn’t see him at first. I decided to search for the owner__3__I found a very worn and old wooden walking stick, which was hanging outside of a shopping cart. I looked around and __4__out to a man who was walking away. I__5__it was his. It was. And he returned__6__to get it. A short distance cost him a long time.
I was in a friendly mood to start a(n)__7__. That was when the story between us began. I stood outside the supermarket with him for 10 minutes just__8__. And that was all he wanted—to be heard and to__9__his story. I stood there feeling his__10__over losing his first wife during childbirth to his only son and later his joys of__11__this son on his own as well as traveling the world. He__12__found his true love and married a childhood sweetheart, his second wife. He is very__13__ that he has an intact(完整的) family now.
At the end of our talk, this man__14__my hands, looked me in the eye and thanked me sincerely. And then he__15__and walked away.
As he walked away, a strong feeling__16__me. And I seemed to hear a __17__in my mind that told me he was peaceful now.
Strangers are never strangers__18__you open your heart to them. Often they dress up like__19__， waiting to bless you or to be blessed.
Yesterday I was__20__—an angel to this man, and at the same time, blessed by him.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者在超市外偶遇一位陌生老人并倾听他的故事，陌生老人对作者心存感激，从而引发作者的一番感慨——只要敞开心扉，愿意倾听，陌生人也可以变成朋友。
1．A.joined B．arranged
C．made D．invented
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者遇见了一位老人，但不知道他的名字，他们的相遇就像冥冥之中被安排好的一样。故答案选“arranged”。
2．A.poor B．elderly
C．strong D．handsome
B 解析：根据下文“His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的)．”可知这是一位年迈的老人。故答案选“elderly”。
3．A.before B．until
C．when D．but
C 解析：当“我”发现一根非常老旧的木制拐杖时，“我”决定去找到它的主人。故答案选“when”。
4．A.went B．called
C．broke D．worked
B 解析：作者看到一位老人就叫了他一声。故答案选“called”。
5．A.decided B．remembered
C．guessed D．suggested
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者只是猜测那根拐杖是那位老人的，结果的确是。故答案选“guessed”。
6．A.carelessly B．angrily
C．proudly D．slowly
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他已年迈，很短的一段路都耗费他不少时间，所以是慢慢地走。故答案选“slowly”。
7．A.speech B．discussion
C．conversation D．argument
C 解析：根据下文可知，作者表现出乐意与这位老人交谈的样子。故答案选“conversation”。
8．A.listening B．watching
C．laughing D．speaking
A 解析：根据下文的“to be heard”等信息可知，全程“我”都是在倾听这位老人讲述自己的经历。故答案选“listening”。
9．A.write B．share
C．finish D．report
B 解析：根据上下文可知，这位老人所需要的就是被聆听和分享他的故事。故答案选“share”。
10．A.worry B．pain
C．nervousness D．trouble
B 解析：根据下文可知，他的第一位妻子在生下唯一的儿子之后就去世了，所以他很痛苦。故答案选“pain”。
11．A.bringing out B．taking
C．teaching D．bringing up
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他的第一位妻子过世后，他在独自养育儿子的过程中也得到了快乐。故答案选“bringing up”。
12．A.hardly B．finally
C．frequently D．usually
B 解析：根据语境可知，他最终得到了真爱。故答案选“finally”。
13．A.surprised B．confident
C．positive D．satisfied
D 解析：根据句意可知，他现在有了一个完整的家庭，所以他感到很满足。故答案选“satisfied”。
14．A.touched B．held
C．cleaned D．covered
B 解析：根据句意可知，“我们”谈话后，那位老人握着“我”的手，看着“我”的眼睛，真诚地感谢了“我”。故答案选“held”。
15．A.came back B．turned back
C．stood back D．put back
B 解析：turn back意为“转过身”；come back意为“回来”；stand back意为“后退”；put back意为“放回，推迟”。根据句意，那位老人转身走了。故答案选“turned back”。
16．A.came over B．came with
C．came through D．came across
A 解析：come over意为“突然产生(某种感觉)”；come with意为“伴随”；come through意为“经过”；come across意为“偶然遇见”。根据句意，那位老人走后，一种强烈的感觉涌向“我”。故答案选“came over”。
17．A.noise B．voice
C．song D．story
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”似乎听到有个声音告诉我，那位老人分享完他的故事后，他的内心得到了安宁。故答案选“voice”。
18．A.if B．unless
C．before D．though
A 解析：根据语境可知，如果“我们”能敞开心扉，陌生人也能成为朋友。故答案选“if”。
19．A.strangers B．angels
C．friends D．enemies
B 解析：根据下文中的“Yesterday I was...an angel to this man”可知答案选“angels”。
20．A.neither B．either
C．both D．all
C 解析：根据上下文可知，昨天“我”既是这位老人的天使，同时，也得到了这位老人的祝福。故答案选“both”。
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
aid n．& vt. 帮助；援助；资助
(经典例句)I couldn’t speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go. 我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。
(1)do/give first aid to sb. 对某人急救
come to one’s aid 帮助某人
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
perform first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救
(2)aid sb. in (doing) sth. 帮助某人做某事
aid sb.with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人
aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid. 在老师的帮助下， 我们学会了如何进行急救。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Neighbours aided him with money when he almost lost everything in the fire.
②He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother to_clean(clean) the table, even the furniture.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not helped her.
(高级表达)She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come_to_her_aid．
fall ill 生病
(教材P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.
急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。
fall silent 安静下来
fall asleep 入睡；睡着
fall in love with... 爱上……
fall into the habit of... 形成……习惯
fall into debt 欠债
fall behind 落在后面
①Hearing the news that her son fell ill, she couldn’t concentrate on her work.
听到她儿子生病的消息， 她不能集中精力工作。
②My father used to be in good health, but he fell ill suddenly and has been ill for almost one week.
我父亲身体一直很好，但他突然生病了，已经病了大约一个星期了。
[即学即练]——用fall的相关短语填空
①When Susan fell_in_love_with reading, she didn’t feel lonely any longer.
②If you don’t try your best to learn all subjects, you will fall_behind．
③Jack falls_into_the_habit_of listening to the pop music every morning.
④She had to stay at home because her son fell_ill．
injury n．[C]&[U]损伤；伤害
(教材P33)Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives. 通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救人的生命。
(1)do an injury to sb. 对某人造成伤害
(2)injure vt. 伤害(某人)；损害
(3)injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的
the injured 伤员
①There is a chance that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
比尔有可能及时伤愈并参加比赛。
②There is no denying that the accident did him a severe injury.
不可否认这次事故对他造成了严重的伤害。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious.(injure)
②Believe it or not，what you said just now injured(injure)her pride.
③(2018·北京卷)By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured(injure) ankle hurt badly.
④The injured(injure) in the earthquake were rushed to the hospital immediately.
[链接写作]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)My left foot was seriously injured, so I can’t go with you as planned.
(高级表达)With_my_left_foot_seriously_injured,_I can’t go with you as planned.(with 复合结构)
poison n．毒药；毒害
vt.毒害；使中毒；污染
(教材P33)You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. 皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒和抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。
(1)poison one’s mind with... 用……毒害某人的心灵
poison sth. with sth. 用……污染/伤害……
(2)poisonous adj. 有毒的，有害的
These factories have poisoned the river with waste water.
这些工厂用废水污染了这条河。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Do you believe that TV is_poisoning(poison) the minds of children?
②Factories produce large amounts of chemicals that are poisonous(poison) to human beings.
variety n．[C]&[U]变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
(经典例句)One of the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.
其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化和历史。
(1)a variety of ＝ varieties of 各种各样的
(2)various adj. 各种各样的；
不同种类的
(3)vary v. 变化；使多样化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；
在……到……之间变动
①The library provides us students with a wide variety of books. 图书馆为我们学生提供了各种各样的书籍。
②Students should take an active part in various community activities.
学生们应该积极参加各种各样的社区活动。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The exhibition not only shows various(vary) paper cuts in different regions, but also presents to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
②The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary(various) from 10 to 15.
[链接写作]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.
(高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, which_has_various/varieties_of/a_variety_of_well-equipped_facilities. (升级加黑词；定语从句)
squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨；挤入，挤过；塞入
(经典例句)It is difficult to squeeze one’s way into a crowded bus.
挤上拥挤的公交车是不容易的。
squeeze out (of)/from (从……中)挤出/榨出
squeeze in/into 挤进
squeeze through 挤着通过
①The bus was full, but I managed to squeeze in.
公交车里很拥挤，但是我还是设法挤了进去。
②The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.
那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。
[链接写作]——完成句子
你应该挤出些时间去拜访你的老朋友们。
You should squeeze_out_some_time_to_visit your old friends.
in place 在适当的位置；适当
(经典例句)She has a habit of having everything in place.
她习惯把每件东西都放在适当的位置。
(1)out of place 不在适当位置；不合适
in place of 代替；取代
in the first place 首先；第一点
(2)take place 发生
take one’s place 就座；代替
take the place of 代替；取代
①I think an expression of thanks to our host would be in place. 我认为对我们的主人说一声感谢是适当的。
②If I had been in your place, I might have accepted the invitation.
我要是处在你的位置，我可能就接受了这份邀请。
[即学即练]——用place的相关短语填空
①I hope you have left all the books in the library_in_place．
②The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in_place_of meat which might be harmful to her heart.
③Mary took_the_place_of Tom to arrange the meeting which would take_place in the company.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)Firstly, with a good command of English, I’m quite qualified for the job.
(高级表达)In_the_first_place,_with a good command of English, I’m quite qualified for the job.
vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的
(教材P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
如果是二度或者三度烧伤，把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。
(1)be of vital importance 至关重要的
be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
(2)It is vital that...(should) do sth. 重要的是……
①As far as I’m concerned, reading is of vital importance in language learning.
就我个人而言，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
②It’s vital that the theory (should) be applied to practice.
理论应用于实践，这一点儿是至关重要的。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①What’s more, some drivers and cyclists do not think it vital to_obey(obey) traffic rules.
②As we all know, water is vital to/for keeping every living thing alive, without which the world would be a dead place.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)在中国， 当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
It’s_vital_that_you_should_mind_your_table_manners in China when you attend a dinner party.
pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌
(教材P35)Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.
山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。
pour in 大量地涌进来
pour into/out of... 涌进/涌出……
pour out sth.to sb. 向某人倾诉某事
pour cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
①She poured out her trouble to me over a cup of coffee.
她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。
②It has been pouring cats and dogs for two days, which makes it difficult for us to go out.
倾盆大雨已经下了两天了，这让我们出行很困难。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The crazy football fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly.
②The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
as 引导定语从句
(教材P33)So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此，正如你可以想象到的，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。
as 引导定语从句的常用句式有：
as is known to all 众所周知
as we all know 我们都知道
as we can see 正如我们所看到的
as is reported 正如报道的
as is often the case 这是常有的事
as is mentioned above 如上所述
①As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from being hurt.
众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。
②As is often the case, he usually studies deep into the night before the exam.
考试之前他通常学到深夜，这是常有的事情。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①As is mentioned above, there’re several ways to help give up smoking.
②He changed his mind again, which made us all angry.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
③(北京卷)正如你在照片中看到的那样，许多学生骑自行车去上学。
As_you_can_see_in_the_picture,_many students are riding bikes to school.
(1)if necessary 的省略
(2)unless 引导条件状语从句
(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
(1)if necessary是if it is necessary的省略。含有if的省略结构还有if any, if ever, if possible, if so, if not等。
(2)unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。
①If necessary, I’ll turn to you for help.
如果需要，我将向你求助。
②Unless necessary，you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
除非有必要，你最好不要查字典。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①She says that she will have to close the shop unless_business improves.
②Unless the weather gets(get) better, I will stay at home.
[链接写作]——一句多译
众所周知，你如果不进行有规律地锻炼，身体就不会健康。
③It is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly,_you won’t keep fit. (unless)
④It is known to all that if_you_don’t_exercise_regularly,_you won’t keep healthy.(if)
品句填词
1．They pulled the drowning man from the water and gave him first aid(援助)．
2．We would have put John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury(受伤)．
3．As long as we don’t lose heart, we will finally overcome the temporary(暂时的) difficulty.
4．The more he thought of the pain, the more unbearable(难以忍受的) it became.
5．These bags are made of a variety(多样) of materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish.
6．Agriculture is vital(至关重要的) to the nation’s economy and the people’s livelihood.
7．The injured ankle began to swell(肿胀) after the football match.
8．I knocked over the bucket and the water poured(涌，倒) out all over the floor.
9．Problems with childcare remain one of the barriers(障碍) to women succeeding at work.
10．The firefighter almost got choked(窒息) because of the heavy smoke in the house.
单句改错
1．Though I told him over and over again to be careful when driven, he wouldn’t listen. driven→driving
2．Under the aid of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term.Under→With
3．It is a good habit to keep everything in the place in your study.去掉the
4．What if I fall illness while I’m away on holiday？illness→ill
5．There is no simple answer, which is often the case in science.which→as
课文语法填空
As the largest organ of our body, our skin consists of three layers to protect us 1．against disease, poisons and the sun’s 2.harmful(harm) rays. Our skin’s functions are also very complex. If it gets burned, it can be very serious.
We can get burned by a 3.variety(vary) of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity or chemicals. There are three types of burns. Burns 4.are_called(call) first, second or third degree burns, 5.depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned. Different degree burns have 6.their(they) own characteristics.
Here 7.are some first aid treatments for burns. Remove clothing and jewellery near the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool water. Use different 8.methods(method) to treat different types of burns. Dry the burned area 9.gently(gentle). Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it’s vital 10.that the victim should be sent to the doctor or hospital immediately.
单句语法填空
1．The heavy stress from the study was unbearable(bearable), so Li Lin got depressed and decided to give up.
2．The device uses electric(electricity) shocks to correct abnormal heartbeats that can lead to sudden death.
3．The doctor said my eyes would be a little swollen(swell), so I needed to rest at home for a few days.
4．To be useful in a wide variety(vary) of applications, programs must be able to store many different types of information.
5．Look! The sweat is pouring(pour) down your face. Let me turn on the air conditioner.
6．Your nose is bleeding(bleed). What happened to you, Tony?
7．The wind is not strong; the slim branches of the trees are mildly(mild) shaking from side to side.
8．Hearing that, she tried to squeeze out a smile.
9．Everything’s in place, the books on their shelves, the pictures on the walls and the flowers in the vase.
10．In face of failure, it is vital that we (should)_keep (keep) up a good state of mind.
阅读理解
A
Therapy dogs are dogs that are trained to give comfort(安慰) and love to people in unfortunate situations. They are often used to help people in hospitals, retirement homes, schools and disaster areas. Whether or not a dog is suitable for this line of work is based on its personality. Because therapy dogs must work with many kinds of people, such as young children or the elderly, they must have patience.
During World War Ⅱ， a soldier named William Wynne found a dog abandoned(遗弃) on the battlefield. He became friends with the dog and named it Smoky. When Wynne became ill and entered a hospital, his friends brought Smoky for a visit. Smoky became so popular with the other sick soldiers in the hospital that he was allowed to stay. The doctors in the hospital used Smoky to help cheer up the patients. After the war ended, he continued to work as a therapy dog in the United States.
In the 1970s, an American nurse named Elaine Smith started a program to train therapy dogs. Smith noticed that patients in hospitals seemed to recover faster when they were around dogs. Many other doctors and nurses noticed that having animals regularly visit hospitals helped lower stress and blood pressure among patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, other animals also started to help the sick. Cats, birds and rabbits have become “therapy pets” and they are now used in many hospitals around the world.
Today, therapy pets not only help injured soldiers, but also help children with reading disabilities by providing an audience that won’t look down upon them. Some therapy pets are used to work along with the doctor to help the patient learn to walk again after a serious injury.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了治疗犬的产生和发展。
1．What dogs are most suitable to be therapy dogs?
A．Dogs having high intelligence.
B．Dogs with good personalities.
C．Dogs having a good sense of smell.
D．Dogs in good health.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whether or not a dog is suitable for this line of work is based on its personality.”可知，治疗犬需要有良好的品质。
2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The power of a therapy dog.
B．The process of training Smoky.
C．The story of the first therapy dog.
D．The bond between a soldier and his dog.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段介绍了第一条治疗犬Smoky的故事。
3．What inspired Elaine Smith to train and use therapy dogs?
A．Dogs could cheer up soldiers.
B．Dogs were popular with the sick.
C．Dogs could help patients recover faster.
D．Dogs could help patients do regular exercise.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的前两句可知，美国的一名护士Elaine Smith注意到医院的病人和狗在一起时恢复得更快，故她发起了训练治疗犬的项目。
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Therapy pets can help different people with problems.
B．Therapy pets can ease patients’ physical pain.
C．Therapy pets need to be trained strictly.
D．Therapy pets will be widely used.
A 解析：推理判断题。最后一段列举了辅助治疗宠物在不同方面的应用。
B
Make School is one of the most unusual schools in the country: It lets students enter school for free if they agree to pay later after they land a job.
Ashu Desai helped create Make School in 2012. The goal at Make School is not getting good grades. It’s putting together a list of practical work able to impress Silicon Valley companies and let them make job offers.
Make School runs programs of varying lengths. Its “Product College” is a two－year computer science program that combines internships(实习) at big－name Silicon Valley companies with classes that are light on class and heavy on projects. The goal is for graduating students to have created games or other apps they can take to job interviews.
Make School depends on an “income－share agreement，” which allows students to go to school and not have to take out loans(贷款)—if they agree to pay the school a part of their future earnings.
About 85 percent of the Product College students are men. But Desai said the school is working together with organizations like Girls Who Code to raise the number of women.
Lauren Weiss, 18, has attended two summer programs at Make School. While she’s heading to college in her home state of Colorado this fall, it’s mostly because she earned a full－ride scholarship(奖学金), not because she thinks it’ll be better than the Product College.
“They’re able to teach students more than any other program ever could，” she said. “People really are pushed to grow.”
But Barmak Nassirian, director of federal policy at the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, warned that there are few rules and students may fall into traps if they don’t read the terms carefully.
Nassirian also said he was somewhat encouraged by Make School, though, in part because of the investors(投资者) who have backed it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。Make School是全美最不寻常的学校之一， 它允许学生免费上课，只要他们同意找到工作后再支付学费。
5．What makes Make School different from other schools?
A．It is run by big－name companies.
B．It can provide job offers for students.
C．It allows students to pay after getting jobs.
D．It focuses on grades more than practical work.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“It lets students enter school for free if they agree to pay later after they land a job.”可知，该校不寻常之处在于只要学生同意找到工作后再支付学费就可以免费入学上课。
6．What can we learn about “Product College”？
A．It designs apps for students.
B．It helps students pay back their loans.
C．It interviews students for Silicon Valley.
D．It is trying to attract more women students.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“But Desai said the school is working together with organizations like Girls Who Code to raise the number of women.”可知，他们正与其他组织合作，鼓励更多女性入学，提高女生的数量。
7．What is Lauren Weiss’s opinion about Make School?
A．It is a school worth attending.
B．It values school rules above all else.
C．It is poorer than colleges in Colorado.
D．It offers various entertainment programs.
A 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的“‘They’re able to teach students more than any other program ever could，’ she said. ‘People really are pushed to grow.’”可知，相比别的学校，学生在这里可以学到更多知识，而且可以得到成长，故推知Lauren Weiss认为在这里学习是值得的。
8．What is Barmak Nassirian’s attitude to Make School?
A．Optimistic. B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“warned that there are few rules and students may fall into traps if they don’t read the terms carefully”以及最后一段中的“he was somewhat encouraged by Make School, though, in part because of the investors(投资者) who have backed it”可知，一方面他担心由于相关条文还不健全，学生有可能落入陷阱，但另一方面，他受到了Make School的鼓舞，由此可推知，他在很客观地看待Make School。
七选五
In cooperative learning(CL), instead of having each student learning without aid from other students, much of the class work in a cooperative learning situation is done in small group settings. This usually doesn’t mean that students very occasionally(偶尔地) work on a group project together. 1．________They may have a specific group to which they belong for a given semester or school year.
2．________ Shy students may feel more at ease in sharing thoughts and ideas in small groups than they are in front of a whole class. Successful grouping of students can help students develop more social and cooperative behavior, which is a very useful skill in many real－life situations.
As teachers, they need to help build successful cooperative learning environments. 3.________ Grading can be partly based on group work and partly based on individual performance, which can help reduce the fears of students who would typically perform better outside of a group.
One person’s failure to keep in pace with the group can sink a whole team if most grades are based on team performance. This doesn’t mean that a child with learning disabilities can’t work well in cooperative learning classes. 4.________
In some high schools and middle schools, there are some courses where students have the choice to take a CL class or one that is more traditional in model. 5.________ Because some students are less likely to be involved in the CL setting unless they really enjoy it.
A．Giving this choice proved to be quite helpful.
B．This type of learning environment has many benefits.
C．Students will feel responsible for their group’s effort.
D．Instead, students regularly work on projects together.
E．Teachers can choose to give both team and individual tests.
F．So teachers need to consider how to best place these students.
G．Cooperative learning changes students’ and teachers’ roles in classrooms.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了合作学习法。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下，与前一句存在转折关系，说明合作学习中，学生不是偶尔在一起合作，而是要经常在一起合作完成任务，且后文进一步说了具体时间。
2．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句。本段后面的内容讲的是合作学习的优点，是对该主题句的具体阐释。
3．E 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下。老师可以进行个人测试和团队测试，然后成绩由这两部分组成。
4．F 解析：此空设于段尾，与前一句存在因果关系，说明老师要懂得如何给学生分组的艺术。
5．A 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。this choice指的是前一句的“the choice to take a CL class or one that is more traditional in model”。
课件48张PPT。Unit 5 First aid本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．They pulled the drowning man from the water and gave him first aid(援助)．
2．We would have put John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury(受伤)．
3．As long as we don’t lose heart, we will finally overcome the temporary(暂时的) difficulty.
4．The more he thought of the pain, the more unbearable(难以忍受的) it became.
5．These bags are made of a variety(多样) of materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish.
6．Agriculture is vital(至关重要的) to the nation’s economy and the people’s livelihood.
7．The injured ankle began to swell(肿胀) after the football match.
8．I knocked over the bucket and the water poured(涌，倒) out all over the floor.
9．Problems with childcare remain one of the barriers(障碍) to women succeeding at work.
10．The firefighter almost got choked(窒息) because of the heavy smoke in the house.
单句改错
1．Though I told him over and over again to be careful when driven, he wouldn’t listen. driven→driving
2．Under the aid of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term.Under→With
3．It is a good habit to keep everything in the place in your study.去掉the
4．What if I fall illness while I’m away on holiday？illness→ill
5．There is no simple answer, which is often the case in science.which→as
课文语法填空
As the largest organ of our body, our skin consists of three layers to protect us 1．against disease, poisons and the sun’s 2.harmful(harm) rays. Our skin’s functions are also very complex. If it gets burned, it can be very serious.
We can get burned by a 3.variety(vary) of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity or chemicals. There are three types of burns. Burns 4.are_called(call) first, second or third degree burns, 5.depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned. Different degree burns have 6.their(they) own characteristics.
Here 7.are some first aid treatments for burns. Remove clothing and jewellery near the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool water. Use different 8.methods(method) to treat different types of burns. Dry the burned area 9.gently(gentle). Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it’s vital 10.that the victim should be sent to the doctor or hospital immediately.
单句语法填空
1．The heavy stress from the study was unbearable(bearable), so Li Lin got depressed and decided to give up.
2．The device uses electric(electricity) shocks to correct abnormal heartbeats that can lead to sudden death.
3．The doctor said my eyes would be a little swollen(swell), so I needed to rest at home for a few days.
4．To be useful in a wide variety(vary) of applications, programs must be able to store many different types of information.
5．Look! The sweat is pouring(pour) down your face. Let me turn on the air conditioner.
6．Your nose is bleeding(bleed). What happened to you, Tony?
7．The wind is not strong; the slim branches of the trees are mildly(mild) shaking from side to side.
8．Hearing that, she tried to squeeze out a smile.
9．Everything’s in place, the books on their shelves, the pictures on the walls and the flowers in the vase.
10．In face of failure, it is vital that we (should)_keep (keep) up a good state of mind.
阅读理解
A
Therapy dogs are dogs that are trained to give comfort(安慰) and love to people in unfortunate situations. They are often used to help people in hospitals, retirement homes, schools and disaster areas. Whether or not a dog is suitable for this line of work is based on its personality. Because therapy dogs must work with many kinds of people, such as young children or the elderly, they must have patience.
During World War Ⅱ， a soldier named William Wynne found a dog abandoned(遗弃) on the battlefield. He became friends with the dog and named it Smoky. When Wynne became ill and entered a hospital, his friends brought Smoky for a visit. Smoky became so popular with the other sick soldiers in the hospital that he was allowed to stay. The doctors in the hospital used Smoky to help cheer up the patients. After the war ended, he continued to work as a therapy dog in the United States.
In the 1970s, an American nurse named Elaine Smith started a program to train therapy dogs. Smith noticed that patients in hospitals seemed to recover faster when they were around dogs. Many other doctors and nurses noticed that having animals regularly visit hospitals helped lower stress and blood pressure among patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, other animals also started to help the sick. Cats, birds and rabbits have become “therapy pets” and they are now used in many hospitals around the world.
Today, therapy pets not only help injured soldiers, but also help children with reading disabilities by providing an audience that won’t look down upon them. Some therapy pets are used to work along with the doctor to help the patient learn to walk again after a serious injury.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了治疗犬的产生和发展。
1．What dogs are most suitable to be therapy dogs?
A．Dogs having high intelligence.
B．Dogs with good personalities.
C．Dogs having a good sense of smell.
D．Dogs in good health.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whether or not a dog is suitable for this line of work is based on its personality.”可知，治疗犬需要有良好的品质。
2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The power of a therapy dog.
B．The process of training Smoky.
C．The story of the first therapy dog.
D．The bond between a soldier and his dog.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段介绍了第一条治疗犬Smoky的故事。
3．What inspired Elaine Smith to train and use therapy dogs?
A．Dogs could cheer up soldiers.
B．Dogs were popular with the sick.
C．Dogs could help patients recover faster.
D．Dogs could help patients do regular exercise.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的前两句可知，美国的一名护士Elaine Smith注意到医院的病人和狗在一起时恢复得更快，故她发起了训练治疗犬的项目。
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Therapy pets can help different people with problems.
B．Therapy pets can ease patients’ physical pain.
C．Therapy pets need to be trained strictly.
D．Therapy pets will be widely used.
A 解析：推理判断题。最后一段列举了辅助治疗宠物在不同方面的应用。
B
Make School is one of the most unusual schools in the country: It lets students enter school for free if they agree to pay later after they land a job.
Ashu Desai helped create Make School in 2012. The goal at Make School is not getting good grades. It’s putting together a list of practical work able to impress Silicon Valley companies and let them make job offers.
Make School runs programs of varying lengths. Its “Product College” is a two－year computer science program that combines internships(实习) at big－name Silicon Valley companies with classes that are light on class and heavy on projects. The goal is for graduating students to have created games or other apps they can take to job interviews.
Make School depends on an “income－share agreement，” which allows students to go to school and not have to take out loans(贷款)—if they agree to pay the school a part of their future earnings.
About 85 percent of the Product College students are men. But Desai said the school is working together with organizations like Girls Who Code to raise the number of women.
Lauren Weiss, 18, has attended two summer programs at Make School. While she’s heading to college in her home state of Colorado this fall, it’s mostly because she earned a full－ride scholarship(奖学金), not because she thinks it’ll be better than the Product College.
“They’re able to teach students more than any other program ever could，” she said. “People really are pushed to grow.”
But Barmak Nassirian, director of federal policy at the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, warned that there are few rules and students may fall into traps if they don’t read the terms carefully.
Nassirian also said he was somewhat encouraged by Make School, though, in part because of the investors(投资者) who have backed it.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。Make School是全美最不寻常的学校之一， 它允许学生免费上课，只要他们同意找到工作后再支付学费。
5．What makes Make School different from other schools?
A．It is run by big－name companies.
B．It can provide job offers for students.
C．It allows students to pay after getting jobs.
D．It focuses on grades more than practical work.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“It lets students enter school for free if they agree to pay later after they land a job.”可知，该校不寻常之处在于只要学生同意找到工作后再支付学费就可以免费入学上课。
6．What can we learn about “Product College”？
A．It designs apps for students.
B．It helps students pay back their loans.
C．It interviews students for Silicon Valley.
D．It is trying to attract more women students.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“But Desai said the school is working together with organizations like Girls Who Code to raise the number of women.”可知，他们正与其他组织合作，鼓励更多女性入学，提高女生的数量。
7．What is Lauren Weiss’s opinion about Make School?
A．It is a school worth attending.
B．It values school rules above all else.
C．It is poorer than colleges in Colorado.
D．It offers various entertainment programs.
A 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的“‘They’re able to teach students more than any other program ever could，’ she said. ‘People really are pushed to grow.’”可知，相比别的学校，学生在这里可以学到更多知识，而且可以得到成长，故推知Lauren Weiss认为在这里学习是值得的。
8．What is Barmak Nassirian’s attitude to Make School?
A．Optimistic. B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“warned that there are few rules and students may fall into traps if they don’t read the terms carefully”以及最后一段中的“he was somewhat encouraged by Make School, though, in part because of the investors(投资者) who have backed it”可知，一方面他担心由于相关条文还不健全，学生有可能落入陷阱，但另一方面，他受到了Make School的鼓舞，由此可推知，他在很客观地看待Make School。
七选五
In cooperative learning(CL), instead of having each student learning without aid from other students, much of the class work in a cooperative learning situation is done in small group settings. This usually doesn’t mean that students very occasionally(偶尔地) work on a group project together. 1．________They may have a specific group to which they belong for a given semester or school year.
2．________ Shy students may feel more at ease in sharing thoughts and ideas in small groups than they are in front of a whole class. Successful grouping of students can help students develop more social and cooperative behavior, which is a very useful skill in many real－life situations.
As teachers, they need to help build successful cooperative learning environments. 3.________ Grading can be partly based on group work and partly based on individual performance, which can help reduce the fears of students who would typically perform better outside of a group.
One person’s failure to keep in pace with the group can sink a whole team if most grades are based on team performance. This doesn’t mean that a child with learning disabilities can’t work well in cooperative learning classes. 4.________
In some high schools and middle schools, there are some courses where students have the choice to take a CL class or one that is more traditional in model. 5.________ Because some students are less likely to be involved in the CL setting unless they really enjoy it.
A．Giving this choice proved to be quite helpful.
B．This type of learning environment has many benefits.
C．Students will feel responsible for their group’s effort.
D．Instead, students regularly work on projects together.
E．Teachers can choose to give both team and individual tests.
F．So teachers need to consider how to best place these students.
G．Cooperative learning changes students’ and teachers’ roles in classrooms.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了合作学习法。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下，与前一句存在转折关系，说明合作学习中，学生不是偶尔在一起合作，而是要经常在一起合作完成任务，且后文进一步说了具体时间。
2．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句。本段后面的内容讲的是合作学习的优点，是对该主题句的具体阐释。
3．E 解析：此空设于段中，承上启下。老师可以进行个人测试和团队测试，然后成绩由这两部分组成。
4．F 解析：此空设于段尾，与前一句存在因果关系，说明老师要懂得如何给学生分组的艺术。
5．A 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。this choice指的是前一句的“the choice to take a CL class or one that is more traditional in model”。
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1．ceremony n． 典礼；仪式；礼节
2．ambulance n. 救护车
3．throat n． 咽喉；喉咙
4．pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感)
拓展词汇
5．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地
6．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地
7．bravery n．勇敢；勇气→brave adj.勇敢的
8．treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待→treatment n．对待；治疗
9．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→application n．申请→applicant n．申请人
阅读词汇
10．damp adj. 潮湿的
11．sleeve n. 袖子
12．blouse n. 女衬衫
13．scheme n． 方案；计划
14．bruise n．& vi. 瘀伤，擦伤
重点短语
1．prevent...from... 阻止……
2．a_number_of 若干；许多
3．put_one’s_hands_on 找到
4．make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；
起(重要)作用
5．be_presented_with 被授予
6．be_proud_of 为……感到骄傲
7．get_involved_in 卷入；介入
8．a_knowledge_of_first_aid 急救知识
9．cut_off 切断；切除
重点句型
1．was/were doing...when...
John was_studying_in_his_room_when(正在房间里学习这时) he heard screaming.
2．It is/was...that...强调句型
It_was(这是) John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.
3．There is no doubt that...
There_is_no_doubt_that(毫无疑问) John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．John slowed the bleeding of the injuries by________．
A．dressing them in tea towels
B．putting pressure on the wounds
C．dressing them in bandages
D．keeping Anne Slade lying still
2．From this accident, we can see________．
A．the Young Lifesaver Scheme is a health care organization
B．a knowledge of first aid is helpful in life
C．it was only John’s quick thinking that saved a life
D．everyone should be alert against crimes
3．In the last paragraph, the writer mentioned the Prime Minister in order to show________．
A．the Prime Minister also attended the Young Lifesaver Scheme
B．it is a great honor to be awarded by the Prime Minister
C．Anne Slade works in the government
D．the government is concerned about life safety
答案：1－3.BBD
①honour['?n?(r)]vt.给予表扬 n．引起尊重的人(事)；荣幸，光荣
②be presented with被授予
③ceremony['ser?m?n?]n.典礼；仪式；礼节
a(n) award(s)/opening/closing ceremony一场颁奖/开幕/闭幕仪式
④bravery['bre?v?r?]n.勇敢；勇气
⑤scene[si?n]n.现场
on the scene在现场；当场
⑥stab[st?b]vt.& vi.(stabbed，stabbed)刺；戳；刺伤
⑦cut off砍掉；中断；阻挡
⑧a number of若干；许多(其后接可数名词复数)
⑨put one’s hands on找到(相当于find)
⑩treat[tri?t]vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待
treat sb./oneself to...
用……款待某人/自己
?apply[?'pla?]vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效
?pressure['pre??]n.压力；挤压；压迫(感)
?ambulance['?mbj?l?ns]n.救护车
?scheme[ski?m]n.方案；计划；组织
?a knowledge of...
……的知识
?make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD
Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured① at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.
John was presented with② his award at a ceremony③ which recognized the bravery④ of ten people who had saved the life of another.
John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene⑤.They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed⑥ repeatedly with a knife.She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily．Her hands had almost been cut off⑦.
◆本句中包含“Sb.was doing...when...”句型，意为“某人正在做……，这时(突然)……”。
◆现在分词短语bleeding very heavily作伴随状语。
It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.He immediately asked a number of⑧ nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on⑨ any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.John used these to treatB10 the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.He slowed the bleeding by applying? pressure? to the wounds until the police and ambulance?arrived．
◆本句为强调句，强调了主语John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid。
◆此处by applying...wounds作方式状语；until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。
“I’m proud of what I did but I was just doing what I’d been taught, ”John said.
John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme? at his high school.When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, “There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life．It shows that a knowledge of?first aid can make a real difference?.”
Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister．
◆When congratulating John为省略了主语he和be动词was的时间状语从句。
◆本句中的“There is no doubt that...”表示“毫无疑问……”；that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容；he learned at school是定语从句，修饰先行词the first aid skills。
◆过去分词短语hosted...Minister作后置定语，修饰reception。
英雄青少年获奖记
17岁的青少年约翰·詹森昨晚在Rivertown的救生员颁奖大会上获得表彰， 因为在一次骇人听闻的持刀袭击案件发生后，他对邻居实施了挽救生命的急救。
在颁奖典礼上，约翰被授予了奖项，这次典礼对挽救他人生命的十个人的勇敢行为进行了表彰。
(那天)约翰正在他的房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。他和父亲赶紧冲出去，发现一名男子逃离了现场，而安·斯莱德——三个孩子的母亲，被人连捅数刀。她躺在她前花园的地上，血流不止。她的双手几乎被砍断了。
正是约翰敏捷的动作和急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。他立即向附近的一些人要绷带，但当没人能找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从他们家找到了一些茶巾和胶带。约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。他使劲按住伤口，使血流得慢些，直到警察和救护车到来。
约翰说：“我为自己所做的事感到自豪，不过，我只是学以致用罢了。”
约翰在读高中时就参加了青年救生员组织。该组织的主任艾伦·萨瑟顿先生在向约翰表示祝贺时说：“毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。这表明急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。”
昨天约翰和其他九位救生员在领奖前还出席了由首相主持的特殊招待会。
a number of 若干；许多
(经典例句)A great number of parents send their children to the summer camp to make them independent.
许多父母让自己的孩子参加夏令营从而使他们变得独立。
(1)a number of 许多；大量的。后接可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the number of……的数目。后接可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of cars on expressways is rising because of free passage during holidays.
由于节假日免费通行，高速路上轿车的数目在增加。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The number of students learning English_is(be) larger than ever before.
②Now a number of college graduates_are_seeking(seek) to get a high-paid job. But the number of posts available for them is(be) often not enough.
③A great number of fine poems were_written(write) by some famous poets.
treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待
n．[C]款待；招待；请客
(教材P38)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.
约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。
(1)treat sb. as... 把某人当……看待
treat sth.seriously 认真对待某事/某物
treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己
(2)It’s my treat. 我请客。
①Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。
②Let’s go out for dinner！It’s my treat this time.
咱们出去吃饭吧！这次我请客。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Young people should always treat the elders with respect.
②Men and women must be_treated(treat) equally in education and employment.
③We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.
④(2016·天津卷)After years of regular treatment (treat), she finally became healthy.
[链接写作]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)If the patient was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.
(高级表达)Treated in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作状语)
apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用
vi.申请；请求；使用；有效
[一词多义]——写出下列句中apply的含义
①Apply the cream evenly over the skin. 涂；敷
②I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer. 申请
③We must apply what we have learned to our daily work. 应用；运用
(1)apply sth.to 把……涂到……；
把……运用到……
apply to 适应于……
apply (to...) for... (向……)申请……
(2)applicant n. 申请人
application n. 申请；申请书；适用
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)If you apply yourself to your study，you will pass your exam.
④(高级表达)Apply_yourself_to_your_study and you will pass your exam.
⑤(高级表达)Applying_yourself_to_your_study,_you will pass your exam.(分词作状语)
make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
(教材P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。
(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.) (对某人/某事)没有作用或影响
make some difference (to sb./sth.) (对某人/物)有些作用或影响
(2)tell the difference 分辨；区分；区别
Luckily my teacher sensed my problem，telling me that every small thing can make a big difference. 幸运的是，老师觉察到我的问题，告诉我小事情也能起到重要作用。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①His words make no difference to him, for he is quite stubborn.
②The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference between them.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviors will work.
(高级表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviors will make_a_difference．
be doing...when...正在做某事……这时……
(教材P38)John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
when在此作并列连词用，意为“就在这时”。when常用于以下结构：
be doing...when... 正在……这时……
be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时……
had just done...when... 刚做了……这时……
①We were discussing that problem when there was a power failure.
我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。
②He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Last Monday, I was_walking(walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
②She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.
③The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.
[链接写作]——一句多译
我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。
④I was_about_to_give_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be about to)
⑤I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be on the point of)
(教材P38)It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.
正是约翰敏捷的动作和急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...?
(3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it that...？
①It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
在你慷慨的帮助下，我认为我会很快适应大学生活。
②(2017·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
当我回到公寓时我第一次遇到我的新邻居。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2016·上海卷) It is too much stress that does you harm.
②I wonder when it was that you called me yesterday.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He didn’t realize the importance of learning English well until he went to America as an exchange student.
③(高级表达)It_was_not_until he went to America as an exchange student that he realized the importance of learning English well.(强调句)
④(高级表达)Not until he went to America as an exchange student did_he_realize_the_importance_of_learning_English_well．(倒装句)
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
(教材P38)There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(1)There is no doubt of/about... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 有……疑问
(2)I don’t/never doubt that... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if... 我怀疑……
①There is no doubt that hobbies have a great influence on people’s life and society.
毫无疑问，爱好深刻影响了人们的生活和社会。
②There is some doubt whether he will be elected president.
他是否能当选总统还有些疑问。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①There is no doubt that_it is a good chance for us to learn from each other and know more about each other.
②I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.
③We doubt if/whether_he will succeed in the research work.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)毫无疑问，剪纸是中国的传统文化之一。
④There_is_no_doubt_that/I_have_no_doubt_that_paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures.(doubt n．)
⑤I_never_doubt_that paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures.(doubt v．)
品句填词
1．The young man was brave enough to save the old woman.He was given a medal in honor of his bravery(勇敢)．
2．I want to apply(申请) for the job, but I have some doubt whether I am fit or not.
3．After we gave first aid to the injured man, we got an ambulance(救护车) and rushed him to hospital.
4．He was so worried that sweat began to pour(涌，淌) down his face.
5．Men and women should be treated(对待) equally according to the law, but in fact there is great room for improvement.
6．Extra lessons on Sundays put more pressure(压力) on students, who already have piles of homework in fact.
7．People all over the world are looking forward to the opening ceremony(仪式) of the Olympic Games.
8．The baby lay on his back with his eyes closed tight(紧地)．
9．The process is complex(复杂的), so you’d better write it down on the paper.
10．He remained firm(坚定的) in the face of the enemy.
选词填空
make a difference；take off；a knowledge of；fall ill；apply...to; cut off; in place; a number of
1．We should not only know the theory but also how to apply it to practice.
2．With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to acquire a_knowledge_of English.
3．Mr. Smith suddenly fell_ill,_and David was sent there to take charge of the project.
4．This morning, I spent more than an hour collecting all the books, newspapers and other things in my office and then putting them in_place．
5．After the performance, young kids quickly took_off the thick perform costumes.
6．My father will cut_off some dead branches from the trees in the garden.
7．Your support will certainly make_a_difference in our work.We are looking forward to your help.
8．The number of people speaking Chinese is becoming larger, for a_number_of foreigners are speaking Chinese at present.
完成句子
1．正是妈妈教给我的知识帮助我解决了这个问题。
It_was_the_knowledge_that_my_mother_had_taught_me_that helped me solve the problem.
2．我们正在看足球比赛突然有人敲门。
We_were_watching_the_football_match_when_someone_knocked_at the door.
3．毫无疑问，每个人都喜欢被别人夸奖。
There_is_no_doubt_that_everyone_likes_to_be_praised by others.
4．你正在做的事情将会对孩子们的未来产生很大的影响。
What you are doing now will make_a_big_difference to children’s future.
5．当我们参观巴黎时， 我的侄女担当向导带领我们参观了许多名胜。
When we visited Paris, my niece acted_as_our_guide and showed us around lots of places of interest.
单句语法填空
1．Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us a useful knowledge of the past.
2．He won a medal for his bravery(brave) in the battle, which was admirable and unforgettable.
3．It was in the supermarket that Sophia put her hands on her lost bag.
4．There is no doubt that acquiring a knowledge of first aid will make a difference to our life.
5．The old lady was so frightened that she closed her eyes tightly(tight) when the plane took off.
6．It is essential that these application forms (should)_be_sent(send) back as early as possible.
7．They have earned lots of money, so I firmly(firm) believe that the business is a success.
8．Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.
9．His nose is_bleeding(bleed) because he was hit by a ball on the nose when playing basketball just now.
10．We all think it’s vital that we (should)_get(get) close to nature in order to keep fit.
阅读理解
In summer 2007, I joined the British Red Cross at 15. After several days of training, I was attending my first event as a fully qualified(合格的) Red Cross volunteer. Our team was providing medical cover for a large martial arts(武术) grading event.
Although I’d passed my first aid course with_flying_colors,_I was nervous before the event began. There’s quite a difference between the classroom and the real thing! Two experienced adult volunteers would be working with me for the day.
Rosie was taking part in the under－16s event. This was supposed to be non－contact, and she was wearing full protective clothing just in case. All these precautions(预防措施) didn’t help however, when her competitor misjudged a move and delivered a violent blow to her head.
“Guys, we need some help over here！” Over we went, all three of us carrying various bits of kit(工具箱). Rosie was lying on the ground. As we approached we could see she was conscious(有意识的). Brian, my colleague took the lead.
“Hey there, stay nice and still for me. Chris here is just going to hold your head. Don’t worry; it’s just a precaution.”
I helped, painfully aware that hundreds of sets of eyes were following our every move. However I soon forgot all about this as I focused on the task at hand.
Rosie was complaining of pain in her neck. These are all classic signs of a possible spinal injury. Quickly, Brian found there were no other injuries and an ambulance was called. I was still holding her head and doing my best to comfort her.
The doctors arrived and we put Rosie carefully into the ambulance for a trip to hospital. Then we went back to the first aid post quickly.
Ten years on I’ve met more people like Rosie—in need of help. I’ve moved on from being a trainee to a trainer, from an inexperienced first aider to being part of an emergency ambulance team.
When a call comes in, that slight feeling of nervousness is still there. However, so is the feeling of making a difference, being there during a painful moment in someone’s life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者做急救志愿者的经历。
1．What does the underlined part “with flying colors” probably mean?
A．Slowly. B．Carefully.
C．Poorly. D．Successfully.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的“I was attending my first event as a fully qualified(合格的) Red Cross volunteer”可知，作者很出色地通过了急救课程考核，成为一名合格的红十字志愿者。
2．How was Rosie injured?
A．She was hit by mistake.
B．She made a wrong move.
C．She didn’t take precautions.
D．Her competitor hurt her on purpose.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“her competitor misjudged a move and delivered a violent blow to her head”可知，Rosie的对手做出误判，给了她头部狠狠一击。
3．How did the author help Rosie?
A．She took her to hospital.
B．She checked her injuries.
C．She did something for her pain.
D．She held her head and calmed her.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第七段中的“I was still holding her head and doing my best to comfort her.”可知，作者托住Rosie的头部，并不断安抚她。
4．What do we know about the author now?
A．She often receives first aid training.
B．She’s working as a professional doctor.
C．She feels a sense of achievement about her work.
D．She’s no longer nervous when performing first aid.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“so is the feeling of making a difference, being there during a painful moment in someone’s life”可知，作者在急救工作中感受到了一种可以帮助别人的成就感。
七选五
For our brains, being in the Internet Age is like being a five-year-old in a candy store.But while five-year-olds in candy stores have tons of fun, they aren’t known for achieving great things.Sometimes, your brain just needs to accept it and can’t always get what it wants. 1．________Here are some ways to improve productivity.
2．________Breaks are important.But unscheduled Internet breaks can keep you from ever getting into the “flow” of work.For those of us who don’t trust our own willpower in the face of that shiny browser(浏览器) icon, you can get Internet-blocking software like Freedom that actually prevents your computer from surfing the Internet for set periods of time.
Quit tapping(轻叩) on that phone.We know smartphones are great when you have to wait in line for more than five seconds.But phone tapping during work periods often just means about a hundred unearned breaks.Of course, some jobs require constant access to your phone.But most of the time, you’d be better off accepting that nothing bad will happen if you disconnect for a few hours. 3.________
Make a list and go through it carefully.The list is one of the simplest and most ignored relics of the pen and paper age. 4.________There’s nothing more satisfying than completing something with patience.
Turn on some music without words.5.________ But the mistake people sometimes make is to listen to music with lyrics.Music with lyrics can be distracting(分心的) if you’re trying to work or read.
A．Get off the Internet.
B．Always know your weakness.
C．Your brain needs structure and focus.
D．Remember to just work on one problem at a time.
E．Don’t let your brain go to play until your tasks are done.
F．The pleasant melody will help you feel relaxed to work.
G．Just put your phone in a different room—out of sight and out of mind.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在网络时代保持工作有效率的几种方法。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文提到大脑有时得不到想要的信息，下文引出提高效率的途径，说明大脑需要有清晰的结构和关注点，做出积极的改变。
2．A 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句。下文指出无计划的上网时间会影响工作效率及安装断网软件的必要性，由此可知本段主要建议人们断网。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，总结上文内容。上文提到手机容易打断人的工作，最好留出戒断时间，由此可知本句给出远离手机的建议。
4．E 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出要列出计划清单，下文指出用耐心完成工作让人很有满足感，由此可知本句指出如何按照清单完成任务。
5．F 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出听没有歌词的轻音乐，后文提到有时人们犯的错误是听抒情歌，由此可知本句指出美妙音乐的作用。
完形填空
I’ll always remember the day I made my way to the dance studio.My mother was an excellent ballet dancer and I wanted nothing more than to __1__ her footsteps.
After class, my mom asked how I __2__ it.I thought of what had happened in the studio：when I stood side by side with those __3__ and confident girls, all my clumsy(笨拙的) __4__made me want to cry.Knowing that it was only my first day there gave me __5__that I still had chances, so I told my mom I couldn’t __6__ to dance again.
Weeks passed and I still saw no sign of __7__ in my ballet ability.Then my dance teacher __8__ an upcoming performance.The thought of falling off the stage and letting my mom down __9__ me the most.One month passed and __10__ I practiced as much as I could, I never quite became __11__．With great shame, I went to my mom and told her that dancing wasn’t for me.My mom __12__ me and promised that she would show me all she knew about ballet.She quickly discovered what a dancing disaster I was, but she still taught me with the greatest __13__．When I would leap(跳跃) and fall, she was there to catch me.
By the time the performance arrived, I had been as __14__ as I could be.My mom sat __15__ in the audience, ready to see me dance on stage, with worries in her eyes.I positioned myself and began moving to the music without __16__ a step.When the music stopped, a storm of applause broke out.I ran backstage and cried in __17__．I knew all my hard work had __18__．
After the performance, my mom hugged me and told me how __19__ she was.I looked her in the eye and told her there was no way this could have __20__ without her.I knew she would always be there to keep me going whenever I fell.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在母亲的影响下开始学习芭蕾舞，并在母亲的帮助下最终奉上了一次成功的表演。
1．A.watch B．follow
C．enjoy D．question
B 解析：因为作者的母亲是优秀的芭蕾舞演员，作者很想追随(follow) 她的脚步。
2．A.liked B．made
C．chose D．missed
A 解析：根据语境可知，舞蹈课后，作者的母亲问她觉得这堂课怎么样，故选“liked”。
3．A.rich B．learned
C．talkative D．experienced
D 解析：作者在舞蹈教室时和那些舞蹈熟练(experienced)又自信的女孩子们站在一起。
4．A.words B．characters
C．movements D．explanations
C 解析：和舞蹈熟练的女孩子们相比，作者笨拙的动作(movements) 让自己想哭。
5．A.luck B．hope
C．knowledge D．freedom
B 解析：根据语境可知，知道这只是第一天上舞蹈课给了作者希望(hope)。
6．A.wait B．bear
C．afford D．forget
A 解析：产生了希望后作者便告诉母亲她迫不及待地想要再去跳舞了，“can’t wait to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”。
7．A.power B．recovery
C．happiness D．improvement
D 解析：根据后面的“The thought of falling off the stage”可知，几周过去了，作者的芭蕾舞技能还没有提高(improvement)的迹象。
8．A.challenged B．appreciated
C．announced D．completed
C 解析：这时作者的舞蹈老师宣布(announced) 将有一场舞蹈表演。
9．A.hurt B．scared
C．attracted D．helped
B 解析：想到自己有可能摔下舞台并让母亲失望作者害怕(scared) 极了。
10．A.if B．because
C．though D．until
C 解析：一个月过去了，尽管(though) 作者坚持训练，情况还没有好转。
11．A.normal B．useful
C．famous D．skilled
D 解析：不断的训练没有让作者的芭蕾舞技变得娴熟(skilled)。
12．A.comforted B．praised
C．needed D．remembered
A 解析：作者羞愧地告诉母亲舞蹈不适合自己后，母亲安慰了(comforted) 她。
13．A.anger B．courage
C．patience D．confidence
C 解析：母亲发现女儿跳舞很糟糕后依然用最大的耐心(patience) 去教她。
14．A.clever B．prepared
C．curious D．successful
B 解析：因为母亲的指导，到表演时作者已经做好准备了，故选“prepared”。
15．A.sadly B．quietly
C．naturally D．anxiously
D 解析：根据后面的“with worries in her eyes”可知，母亲紧张地(anxiously)坐在台下等待看作者的演出。
16．A.noticing B．missing
C．creating D．limiting
B 解析：作者摆好姿势就开始随着音乐起舞，没有漏掉(missing) 一步。
17．A.excitement B．determination
C．disappointment D．misunderstanding
A 解析：根据前面的“a storm of applause”可知表演很成功，因此作者跑到后台兴奋地叫了出来，故选“excitement”。
18．A.gone up B．turned up
C．taken off D．paid off
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者知道自己的努力付出获得了回报，故选“paid off”。
19．A.shocked B．careful
C．proud D．regretful
C 解析：表演结束后，母亲拥抱了作者并告诉她自己感到十分骄傲(proud)。
20．A.failed B．changed
C．happened D．disappeared
C 解析：作者认为没有母亲的支持，她的成功表演是不可能发生的(happened)。
课件55张PPT。Unit 5 First aid本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The young man was brave enough to save the old woman.He was given a medal in honor of his bravery(勇敢)．
2．I want to apply(申请) for the job, but I have some doubt whether I am fit or not.
3．After we gave first aid to the injured man, we got an ambulance(救护车) and rushed him to hospital.
4．He was so worried that sweat began to pour(涌，淌) down his face.
5．Men and women should be treated(对待) equally according to the law, but in fact there is great room for improvement.
6．Extra lessons on Sundays put more pressure(压力) on students, who already have piles of homework in fact.
7．People all over the world are looking forward to the opening ceremony(仪式) of the Olympic Games.
8．The baby lay on his back with his eyes closed tight(紧地)．
9．The process is complex(复杂的), so you’d better write it down on the paper.
10．He remained firm(坚定的) in the face of the enemy.
选词填空
make a difference；take off；a knowledge of；fall ill；apply...to; cut off; in place; a number of
1．We should not only know the theory but also how to apply it to practice.
2．With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to acquire a_knowledge_of English.
3．Mr. Smith suddenly fell_ill,_and David was sent there to take charge of the project.
4．This morning, I spent more than an hour collecting all the books, newspapers and other things in my office and then putting them in_place．
5．After the performance, young kids quickly took_off the thick perform costumes.
6．My father will cut_off some dead branches from the trees in the garden.
7．Your support will certainly make_a_difference in our work.We are looking forward to your help.
8．The number of people speaking Chinese is becoming larger, for a_number_of foreigners are speaking Chinese at present.
完成句子
1．正是妈妈教给我的知识帮助我解决了这个问题。
It_was_the_knowledge_that_my_mother_had_taught_me_that helped me solve the problem.
2．我们正在看足球比赛突然有人敲门。
We_were_watching_the_football_match_when_someone_knocked_at the door.
3．毫无疑问，每个人都喜欢被别人夸奖。
There_is_no_doubt_that_everyone_likes_to_be_praised by others.
4．你正在做的事情将会对孩子们的未来产生很大的影响。
What you are doing now will make_a_big_difference to children’s future.
5．当我们参观巴黎时， 我的侄女担当向导带领我们参观了许多名胜。
When we visited Paris, my niece acted_as_our_guide and showed us around lots of places of interest.
单句语法填空
1．Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us a useful knowledge of the past.
2．He won a medal for his bravery(brave) in the battle, which was admirable and unforgettable.
3．It was in the supermarket that Sophia put her hands on her lost bag.
4．There is no doubt that acquiring a knowledge of first aid will make a difference to our life.
5．The old lady was so frightened that she closed her eyes tightly(tight) when the plane took off.
6．It is essential that these application forms (should)_be_sent(send) back as early as possible.
7．They have earned lots of money, so I firmly(firm) believe that the business is a success.
8．Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.
9．His nose is_bleeding(bleed) because he was hit by a ball on the nose when playing basketball just now.
10．We all think it’s vital that we (should)_get(get) close to nature in order to keep fit.
阅读理解
In summer 2007, I joined the British Red Cross at 15. After several days of training, I was attending my first event as a fully qualified(合格的) Red Cross volunteer. Our team was providing medical cover for a large martial arts(武术) grading event.
Although I’d passed my first aid course with_flying_colors,_I was nervous before the event began. There’s quite a difference between the classroom and the real thing! Two experienced adult volunteers would be working with me for the day.
Rosie was taking part in the under－16s event. This was supposed to be non－contact, and she was wearing full protective clothing just in case. All these precautions(预防措施) didn’t help however, when her competitor misjudged a move and delivered a violent blow to her head.
“Guys, we need some help over here！” Over we went, all three of us carrying various bits of kit(工具箱). Rosie was lying on the ground. As we approached we could see she was conscious(有意识的). Brian, my colleague took the lead.
“Hey there, stay nice and still for me. Chris here is just going to hold your head. Don’t worry; it’s just a precaution.”
I helped, painfully aware that hundreds of sets of eyes were following our every move. However I soon forgot all about this as I focused on the task at hand.
Rosie was complaining of pain in her neck. These are all classic signs of a possible spinal injury. Quickly, Brian found there were no other injuries and an ambulance was called. I was still holding her head and doing my best to comfort her.
The doctors arrived and we put Rosie carefully into the ambulance for a trip to hospital. Then we went back to the first aid post quickly.
Ten years on I’ve met more people like Rosie—in need of help. I’ve moved on from being a trainee to a trainer, from an inexperienced first aider to being part of an emergency ambulance team.
When a call comes in, that slight feeling of nervousness is still there. However, so is the feeling of making a difference, being there during a painful moment in someone’s life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者做急救志愿者的经历。
1．What does the underlined part “with flying colors” probably mean?
A．Slowly. B．Carefully.
C．Poorly. D．Successfully.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的“I was attending my first event as a fully qualified(合格的) Red Cross volunteer”可知，作者很出色地通过了急救课程考核，成为一名合格的红十字志愿者。
2．How was Rosie injured?
A．She was hit by mistake.
B．She made a wrong move.
C．She didn’t take precautions.
D．Her competitor hurt her on purpose.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“her competitor misjudged a move and delivered a violent blow to her head”可知，Rosie的对手做出误判，给了她头部狠狠一击。
3．How did the author help Rosie?
A．She took her to hospital.
B．She checked her injuries.
C．She did something for her pain.
D．She held her head and calmed her.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第七段中的“I was still holding her head and doing my best to comfort her.”可知，作者托住Rosie的头部，并不断安抚她。
4．What do we know about the author now?
A．She often receives first aid training.
B．She’s working as a professional doctor.
C．She feels a sense of achievement about her work.
D．She’s no longer nervous when performing first aid.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“so is the feeling of making a difference, being there during a painful moment in someone’s life”可知，作者在急救工作中感受到了一种可以帮助别人的成就感。
七选五
For our brains, being in the Internet Age is like being a five-year-old in a candy store.But while five-year-olds in candy stores have tons of fun, they aren’t known for achieving great things.Sometimes, your brain just needs to accept it and can’t always get what it wants. 1．________Here are some ways to improve productivity.
2．________Breaks are important.But unscheduled Internet breaks can keep you from ever getting into the “flow” of work.For those of us who don’t trust our own willpower in the face of that shiny browser(浏览器) icon, you can get Internet-blocking software like Freedom that actually prevents your computer from surfing the Internet for set periods of time.
Quit tapping(轻叩) on that phone.We know smartphones are great when you have to wait in line for more than five seconds.But phone tapping during work periods often just means about a hundred unearned breaks.Of course, some jobs require constant access to your phone.But most of the time, you’d be better off accepting that nothing bad will happen if you disconnect for a few hours. 3.________
Make a list and go through it carefully.The list is one of the simplest and most ignored relics of the pen and paper age. 4.________There’s nothing more satisfying than completing something with patience.
Turn on some music without words.5.________ But the mistake people sometimes make is to listen to music with lyrics.Music with lyrics can be distracting(分心的) if you’re trying to work or read.
A．Get off the Internet.
B．Always know your weakness.
C．Your brain needs structure and focus.
D．Remember to just work on one problem at a time.
E．Don’t let your brain go to play until your tasks are done.
F．The pleasant melody will help you feel relaxed to work.
G．Just put your phone in a different room—out of sight and out of mind.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在网络时代保持工作有效率的几种方法。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文提到大脑有时得不到想要的信息，下文引出提高效率的途径，说明大脑需要有清晰的结构和关注点，做出积极的改变。
2．A 解析：此空设于段首，是本段主题句。下文指出无计划的上网时间会影响工作效率及安装断网软件的必要性，由此可知本段主要建议人们断网。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，总结上文内容。上文提到手机容易打断人的工作，最好留出戒断时间，由此可知本句给出远离手机的建议。
4．E 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出要列出计划清单，下文指出用耐心完成工作让人很有满足感，由此可知本句指出如何按照清单完成任务。
5．F 解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出听没有歌词的轻音乐，后文提到有时人们犯的错误是听抒情歌，由此可知本句指出美妙音乐的作用。
完形填空
I’ll always remember the day I made my way to the dance studio.My mother was an excellent ballet dancer and I wanted nothing more than to __1__ her footsteps.
After class, my mom asked how I __2__ it.I thought of what had happened in the studio：when I stood side by side with those __3__ and confident girls, all my clumsy(笨拙的) __4__made me want to cry.Knowing that it was only my first day there gave me __5__that I still had chances, so I told my mom I couldn’t __6__ to dance again.
Weeks passed and I still saw no sign of __7__ in my ballet ability.Then my dance teacher __8__ an upcoming performance.The thought of falling off the stage and letting my mom down __9__ me the most.One month passed and __10__ I practiced as much as I could, I never quite became __11__．With great shame, I went to my mom and told her that dancing wasn’t for me.My mom __12__ me and promised that she would show me all she knew about ballet.She quickly discovered what a dancing disaster I was, but she still taught me with the greatest __13__．When I would leap(跳跃) and fall, she was there to catch me.
By the time the performance arrived, I had been as __14__ as I could be.My mom sat __15__ in the audience, ready to see me dance on stage, with worries in her eyes.I positioned myself and began moving to the music without __16__ a step.When the music stopped, a storm of applause broke out.I ran backstage and cried in __17__．I knew all my hard work had __18__．
After the performance, my mom hugged me and told me how __19__ she was.I looked her in the eye and told her there was no way this could have __20__ without her.I knew she would always be there to keep me going whenever I fell.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在母亲的影响下开始学习芭蕾舞，并在母亲的帮助下最终奉上了一次成功的表演。
1．A.watch B．follow
C．enjoy D．question
B 解析：因为作者的母亲是优秀的芭蕾舞演员，作者很想追随(follow) 她的脚步。
2．A.liked B．made
C．chose D．missed
A 解析：根据语境可知，舞蹈课后，作者的母亲问她觉得这堂课怎么样，故选“liked”。
3．A.rich B．learned
C．talkative D．experienced
D 解析：作者在舞蹈教室时和那些舞蹈熟练(experienced)又自信的女孩子们站在一起。
4．A.words B．characters
C．movements D．explanations
C 解析：和舞蹈熟练的女孩子们相比，作者笨拙的动作(movements) 让自己想哭。
5．A.luck B．hope
C．knowledge D．freedom
B 解析：根据语境可知，知道这只是第一天上舞蹈课给了作者希望(hope)。
6．A.wait B．bear
C．afford D．forget
A 解析：产生了希望后作者便告诉母亲她迫不及待地想要再去跳舞了，“can’t wait to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”。
7．A.power B．recovery
C．happiness D．improvement
D 解析：根据后面的“The thought of falling off the stage”可知，几周过去了，作者的芭蕾舞技能还没有提高(improvement)的迹象。
8．A.challenged B．appreciated
C．announced D．completed
C 解析：这时作者的舞蹈老师宣布(announced) 将有一场舞蹈表演。
9．A.hurt B．scared
C．attracted D．helped
B 解析：想到自己有可能摔下舞台并让母亲失望作者害怕(scared) 极了。
10．A.if B．because
C．though D．until
C 解析：一个月过去了，尽管(though) 作者坚持训练，情况还没有好转。
11．A.normal B．useful
C．famous D．skilled
D 解析：不断的训练没有让作者的芭蕾舞技变得娴熟(skilled)。
12．A.comforted B．praised
C．needed D．remembered
A 解析：作者羞愧地告诉母亲舞蹈不适合自己后，母亲安慰了(comforted) 她。
13．A.anger B．courage
C．patience D．confidence
C 解析：母亲发现女儿跳舞很糟糕后依然用最大的耐心(patience) 去教她。
14．A.clever B．prepared
C．curious D．successful
B 解析：因为母亲的指导，到表演时作者已经做好准备了，故选“prepared”。
15．A.sadly B．quietly
C．naturally D．anxiously
D 解析：根据后面的“with worries in her eyes”可知，母亲紧张地(anxiously)坐在台下等待看作者的演出。
16．A.noticing B．missing
C．creating D．limiting
B 解析：作者摆好姿势就开始随着音乐起舞，没有漏掉(missing) 一步。
17．A.excitement B．determination
C．disappointment D．misunderstanding
A 解析：根据前面的“a storm of applause”可知表演很成功，因此作者跑到后台兴奋地叫了出来，故选“excitement”。
18．A.gone up B．turned up
C．taken off D．paid off
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者知道自己的努力付出获得了回报，故选“paid off”。
19．A.shocked B．careful
C．proud D．regretful
C 解析：表演结束后，母亲拥抱了作者并告诉她自己感到十分骄傲(proud)。
20．A.failed B．changed
C．happened D．disappeared
C 解析：作者认为没有母亲的支持，她的成功表演是不可能发生的(happened)。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
省 略
1．(教材P34)Burns are called first,_second_or_third_degree_burns(一度烧伤、二度烧伤、三度烧伤), depending on which layers of the skin are burned.
2．(教材P34)First degree burns turn white when_pressed (当按压时)．
3．(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if_necessary (如果必要) unless it is stuck to the burn.
4．(教材P34)The cool water stops the burning process, prevents_the_pain_becoming_unbearable_and_reduces_swelling(防止疼痛变得不可忍受，还可以减少肿胀)．
5．(教材P35)If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if_possible(如果可能).
为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。
在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
并列句中的省略
在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。
1．省略共同的主语或宾语。
◆Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to the teacher.
汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。
2．若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
◆Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。
3．若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
◆His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.
他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。
4．若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
◆He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t (have a knowledge of first aid)．
他具备急救知识，但他朋友不具备。
复合句中的省略
1．状语从句的省略
(1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
◆(2016·天津卷)As (it is) scheduled，we participated in several instructive activities.
按照计划安排，我们参加了几个有指导意义的活动。
◆Whenever (it is) possible, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
只要有可能，他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。
◆Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.
过街时要当心车辆。
省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。
◆When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water.
加热的时候冰可以变成水。
(2)在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
◆They don’t use more water than (it is) necessary.
他们使用的水没有超出需要量。
◆He runs as fast as Bob (runs)．
他和鲍勃跑得一样快。
2．定语从句中的省略
(1)在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that, which，whom可省略。
◆The computer (which) I wanted to buy was sold out.
我想买的那种电脑卖光了。
(2)在定语从句中way作先行词，且在句中充当方式状语时，可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。
◆I don’t like the way (that) he speaks to me.
我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。
(3)在以the same...as...或such as引导的某些定语从句中，也可省略与主句相同的部分。
◆I have the same trouble as you (have)．
我和你有同样的困难。
3．宾语从句的省略
(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
◆(2018·浙江卷6月)I do believe(that) I am very qualified for this voluntary work，because I have a good command of spoken English.
我的确相信我适合这个志愿者工作， 因为我精通英语口语。
◆He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
◆I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city)． 我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。
其他的省略情况
1．动词不定式的省略
(1)当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。
◆You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to (answer the question)．
如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
(2)某些使役动词，如make, let, have等和感官动词，如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。
◆We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。
(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。
◆He likes to swim more than (to) skate.
比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。
◆He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较)
他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。
(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略to后的内容。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。
◆—Will you go to the cinema with me?
——你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？
—I’d like to (go with you)．
——我愿意。
(5)介词but, except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
◆All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
他所能做的只有等着瞧。
(6)当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。
◆They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents)．
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
2．使用so，not等时的省略
为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句，与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，I’m afraid等连用。so表示赞同前述的事实，not表示不赞同前述的事实。
◆—Has she ever been to London?
——她曾到过伦敦吗？
—I don’t think so.(＝I don’t think she has ever been to London.) ——我想她没去过。
◆—Will it rain tomorrow？ ——明天会下雨吗？
—I hope not .(＝I hope it won’t rain tomorrow.)
——我希望不会。
◆—Can you come next week？ ——你下星期能来吗？
—I’m afraid not.(＝I’m afraid that I cannot come.)
——恐怕我不能来。
单句语法填空
1．Though lacking(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.
2．He succeeded in solving all the problems as expected(expect)．
3．While visiting(visit) the city, they received a warm welcome.
4．Though tired(tire), they went on working in order to finish the task on time.
5．Some diseases are not at all dangerous if treated(treat) in time.
6．If given(give) enough time, I can write the article better.
7．Generally speaking, when taken(take) according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects.
8．While walking(walk) along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.
单句改错
1．My mother got a call from my teacher while was on the way home. 去掉was
2．My grandpa is in his seventies but he works as hard as he used. used后加to
3．Jack suggested we could hold a meeting to discuss the problem. could→should或去掉could
4．William was quite generous to his needy friends although was poor. 去掉第二个was或although后加he
5．My parents can’t decide whether to send me to America for further study or not to. 去掉not后的to
语法与写作
1．除非邀请你发言，你应该在这次会议上保持沉默。
Unless_invited_to_speak,_you should remain silent at the conference.
2．亨利通过期末考试的可能性很小，但他仍希望通过。
Henry is less likely to pass the end-of-term exam, but he still hopes_to．
3．他们的友谊一旦失去，就无法再挽回。
Once_lost,_their friendship won’t be won back.
4．在那家意大利餐馆里，我很难在菜单上找到合适的食物。
I had_great_difficulty_finding_the_suitable_food on the menu in that Italian restaurant.
5．让我惊讶的是，我儿子的作业比预期完成得要好。
To my surprise, my son finished his homework better_than_expected．
用省略句改写下列句子
1．When I was asked how to get to the train station, I told him right away.
→When_asked_how_to_get_to_the_train_station,_I told him right away.
2．You can ask my brother for help if it is necessary.
→You can ask my brother for help if_necessary．
3．We don’t go to the cinema as much as we used to go to the cinema.
→We don’t go to the cinema as_much_as_we_used_to．
4．No matter how frequently they are performed, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
→No_matter_how_frequently_performed,_the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
5．If the experiment can be done carefully, it is sure to succeed.
→If_done_carefully,_the experiment is sure to succeed.
6．While I was walking along the street, I heard my name called.
→While_walking_along_the_street,_I heard my name called.
7．When it is possible, people should use reproducible energy instead of fossil energy.
→When_possible,_people should use reproducible energy instead of fossil energy.
8．He looked everywhere as if he was in search of something.
→He looked everywhere as_if_in_search_of_something．
9．Though he was tired, he kept on working in the field.
→Though_tired,_he kept on working in the field.
10．The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife.
→The boy used to play with the knife though his father told_him_not_to．
阅读理解
A
Natasha, 19, is a sophomore(二年级学生) at Baylor University in Texas. She was born in Africa but came to the U．S. when she was 3 years old.
Natasha was on her way to science class one day this past November. A male student suddenly knocked her off the sidewalk. Then he used a racist(种族主义的) word for black people. He told Natasha that black people weren’t “allowed on the sidewalk”. Another male student was nearby.“Boy, that’s not cool, ” he said to the first student. The first student made another rude comment. Then the two guys walked away.
Natasha had never experienced such racism at Baylor before. She wanted to let other people know what had happened. When Natasha got home from class, she made a video, calmly describing what had happened on the sidewalk. Then she posted the video on Facebook.
Two days later, Natasha got ready to walk to science class again. She was still hurt, angry and sad. But when she stepped outside, she couldn’t believe what she saw: 300 people were waiting for her. They had come to walk her to class.
There were white faces and black faces and Asian faces in the crowd. They were Natasha’s fellow students. And they were united in their anger about what had happened to her. They were there to make it clear that racism is never OK.
The crowd cheered when Natasha appeared. She fought back tears. The students linked arms and walked across campus(校园) together.
Outside her classroom, Natasha spoke to the crowd.
“You have no idea how much this means to me, ” she said. She praised the second male student—the one who had stood up for her. Then she spoke about the student who had shoved(推) her and said such hateful things. “To the gentleman who said those words, ”Natasha said, “I’m praying for you, and I love you. We just want to see the world become a better place.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。美国黑人女大学生Natasha在学校遭受了种族歧视，她把这一遭遇公之于众后得到许多反对种族歧视的校友的支持。
1．Why did the first male student knock Natasha off the sidewalk?
A．Because of her color.
B．Because of his carelessness.
C．Because she was a female.
D．Because she was a newcomer.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段的“he used a racist(种族主义的) word for black people”可知，把Natasha推出人行道的男学生是一个种族歧视者，他是因为Natasha的肤色而如此无礼。
2．What was the main purpose of the 300 people waiting outside Natasha’s house?
A．To find out who she was.
B．To show their support for her.
C．To protect her from attack.
D．To give her a warm welcome.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第五段的“...they were united in their anger about what had happened to her. They were there to make it clear that racism is never OK.”可知，在Natasha家门外等待的这三百名同学们都反对种族歧视，他们陪她一起走到教室，以示对她的支持。
3．How did Natasha feel about what the second male student had done for her?
A．Upset. B．Curious.
C．Grateful. D．Confused.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的“She praised the second male student—the one who had stood up for her.”可知，Natasha对第二个男学生十分感激。
4．How does the text mainly develop?
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time.
D．By following the order of importance.
C 解析：篇章结构题。由文中出现的时间状语“one day this past November; When Natasha got home from class; Two days later”等可知，本文是按照时间顺序写作的。
B
Given the pace of today’s modern society, many of us are constantly on the go.When it comes to mealtime, we often don’t have enough time to head home to prepare a meal.Instead, we look for the nearest fast food restaurant to grab a quick meal in between activities.The world doesn’t always move at such a fast pace, though.So does that mean fast food restaurants are a relatively new invention？Not exactly!
Restaurants in some shape or form have been around for most of human history.To satisfy travelers’ needs, inns and taverns(酒馆) served food to guests dating back to ancient Greece and Rome.
It was not until 1921 in Wichita, Kansas, that the fast food restaurant was born in the form of the first White Castle restaurant.Up until that time, hamburgers were mainly sold at fairs and from food carts(马车), and most people considered them to be a low-quality food.White Castle aimed to change America’s view of the hamburger.The first White Castle restaurant featured an open kitchen area where customers could see their food being prepared.
Fast food didn’t catch on immediately, but it did begin to slowly develop along with the popularity of the automobile.As Americans became more mobile, frequent traveling led to a desire for quicker food on the go.
The assembly-line(流水线) system of food preparation we associate with modern fast food restaurants didn’t come about until the original McDonald’s got its start in the 1940s.Inspired by the efficiency of producing a limited number of menu items with a focus on quality, Ray Kroc, the first McDonald’s franchise(特许经营权) restaurant opened its doors in Des Plaines, Illinois, in 1955, whose branches may be seen in both the United States and abroad today.
One feature of modern fast food restaurants familiar to most children today is the drive-through window.The first restaurant to feature a drive-through with a two-way speaker system is considered to be In-N-Out Burger, opened in 1948.
Today, fast food restaurants are extremely common around the world.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要简介快餐店的发展史。
5．According to Paragraph 1, people prefer to eat at fast food restaurants because ________．
A．they cannot cook
B．they are too busy
C．they like Western food
D．they want to try new things
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Given the...don’t have enough time to head home to prepare a meal.”可知，人们因为太忙，所以会选择在快餐店用餐。
6．How did White Castle restaurant get people to accept hamburgers?
A．By advertising on a large scale.
B．By improving hamburgers’ quality.
C．By showing their cooking processes to customers.
D．By selling hamburgers at fairs and from food carts.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“The first White Castle restaurant featured...being prepared.”可知，White Castle餐厅为了让人们认可汉堡，开放了厨房操作区。
7．According to the passage, we can know that Ray Kroc is ________．
A．a fast food restaurant opened in the 1940s
B．a fast restaurant chain providing few foods of high quality
C．the first fast food restaurant opened in Des Plaines, Illinois
D．the first fast food restaurant with a two-way speaker system
B 解析：推理判断题。通读文章第五段可知，直到20世纪40年代麦当劳创立后才开始采用流水线作业系统。Ray Kroc受生产少量高质量产品可提高生产效率启发，获得麦当劳特许经营权，之后成为全美甚至是跨国连锁店。
8．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The history of fast food restaurants.
B．The advantage of fast food restaurants.
C．The popularity of fast food restaurants.
D．The convenience of fast food restaurants.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍快餐店的发展史。
语法填空
March 4 is a very important day for all language students.It is National Grammar Day(NGD)．This is the day for you to be extra careful with your grammar 1．____________class.It is also a good day to promise 2.____________(you) to make fewer grammatical mistakes.This day is not just for students.Even native 3.____________(speak) may make grammatical mistakes.There is even 4.____________annual(年度的) award for famous people with poor grammar.NGD is also a day 5.____________teachers around the world need to review their teaching methods and make their teaching activities 6.____________(good)．
National Grammar Day 7.____________(create) by the Society for the Promotion of Good Grammar(SPOGG) and MSN Encarta.If your grammar isn’t good, you can’t always say what you 8.____________(real) mean.According to the NGD website, “If we don’t respect and honor the rules of English, we will lose our ability 9.____________(communicate) clearly and well.”So what do we do on National Grammar Day? The experts from SPOGG advise us to speak well and write well! The NGD website also 10.____________(encourage) people to send photos of public notices that contain bad grammar.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“国家语法日”的相关知识。
1．in 解析：考查介词。此处强调学生在课堂上的语法使用。
2．yourself 解析：考查代词。此处是指答应自己少犯语法错误，故用反身代词。
3．speakers 解析：考查名词。根据句意可知，即使是一些说母语的人也会犯语法错误。
4．an 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指有一个针对语法不好的人的年度奖励活动。
5．when 解析：考查定语从句。本句为when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a day, 在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。
6．better 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，老师需要重新审视自己的教学方式，使教学活动变得更好。
7．was created 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，这个日子被一个组织建立，且建立是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．really 解析：考查副词。语法差的人不能时刻清楚表达自己的意思，此处用副词really修饰动词mean。
9．to communicate 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式作后置定语修饰our ability。
10．encourages 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文基本时态为一般现在时，本句主语为The NGD website, 故用encourages。
短文改错
My mother is always a helpfully person.She has just finished a CPR class at a local college and has been looking forward to use the skill.One day, when we were on shopping outside, we saw the crowd of people gathering around a still body.Then my mom shouted worried, “Stand back.I know CPR！” Just as she came closer to the body and about to begin the CPR, a police officer stopped him and explained, “Ma’am, we are trying to catch this man.He is alright.”
Because it’s a funny story, I am still really pride of my mom.She always teaches me that people should live with kind.
答案：
My mother is always a person.She has just finished a CPR class at a local college and has been looking forward to the skill.One day, when we were shopping outside, we saw crowd of people gathering around a still body.Then my mom shouted ， “Stand back.I know CPR！” Just as she came closer to the body and about to begin the CPR, a police officer stopped and explained, “Ma’am, we are trying to catch this man.He is alright.”
it’s a funny story, I am still really of my mom.She always teaches me that people should live with .
课件30张PPT。Unit 5 First aid本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
用省略句改写下列句子
1．When I was asked how to get to the train station, I told him right away.
→When_asked_how_to_get_to_the_train_station,_I told him right away.
2．You can ask my brother for help if it is necessary.
→You can ask my brother for help if_necessary．
3．We don’t go to the cinema as much as we used to go to the cinema.
→We don’t go to the cinema as_much_as_we_used_to．
4．No matter how frequently they are performed, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
→No_matter_how_frequently_performed,_the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
5．If the experiment can be done carefully, it is sure to succeed.
→If_done_carefully,_the experiment is sure to succeed.
6．While I was walking along the street, I heard my name called.
→While_walking_along_the_street,_I heard my name called.
7．When it is possible, people should use reproducible energy instead of fossil energy.
→When_possible,_people should use reproducible energy instead of fossil energy.
8．He looked everywhere as if he was in search of something.
→He looked everywhere as_if_in_search_of_something．
9．Though he was tired, he kept on working in the field.
→Though_tired,_he kept on working in the field.
10．The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife.
→The boy used to play with the knife though his father told_him_not_to．
阅读理解
A
Natasha, 19, is a sophomore(二年级学生) at Baylor University in Texas. She was born in Africa but came to the U．S. when she was 3 years old.
Natasha was on her way to science class one day this past November. A male student suddenly knocked her off the sidewalk. Then he used a racist(种族主义的) word for black people. He told Natasha that black people weren’t “allowed on the sidewalk”. Another male student was nearby.“Boy, that’s not cool, ” he said to the first student. The first student made another rude comment. Then the two guys walked away.
Natasha had never experienced such racism at Baylor before. She wanted to let other people know what had happened. When Natasha got home from class, she made a video, calmly describing what had happened on the sidewalk. Then she posted the video on Facebook.
Two days later, Natasha got ready to walk to science class again. She was still hurt, angry and sad. But when she stepped outside, she couldn’t believe what she saw: 300 people were waiting for her. They had come to walk her to class.
There were white faces and black faces and Asian faces in the crowd. They were Natasha’s fellow students. And they were united in their anger about what had happened to her. They were there to make it clear that racism is never OK.
The crowd cheered when Natasha appeared. She fought back tears. The students linked arms and walked across campus(校园) together.
Outside her classroom, Natasha spoke to the crowd.
“You have no idea how much this means to me, ” she said. She praised the second male student—the one who had stood up for her. Then she spoke about the student who had shoved(推) her and said such hateful things. “To the gentleman who said those words, ”Natasha said, “I’m praying for you, and I love you. We just want to see the world become a better place.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。美国黑人女大学生Natasha在学校遭受了种族歧视，她把这一遭遇公之于众后得到许多反对种族歧视的校友的支持。
1．Why did the first male student knock Natasha off the sidewalk?
A．Because of her color.
B．Because of his carelessness.
C．Because she was a female.
D．Because she was a newcomer.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段的“he used a racist(种族主义的) word for black people”可知，把Natasha推出人行道的男学生是一个种族歧视者，他是因为Natasha的肤色而如此无礼。
2．What was the main purpose of the 300 people waiting outside Natasha’s house?
A．To find out who she was.
B．To show their support for her.
C．To protect her from attack.
D．To give her a warm welcome.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第五段的“...they were united in their anger about what had happened to her. They were there to make it clear that racism is never OK.”可知，在Natasha家门外等待的这三百名同学们都反对种族歧视，他们陪她一起走到教室，以示对她的支持。
3．How did Natasha feel about what the second male student had done for her?
A．Upset. B．Curious.
C．Grateful. D．Confused.
C 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的“She praised the second male student—the one who had stood up for her.”可知，Natasha对第二个男学生十分感激。
4．How does the text mainly develop?
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time.
D．By following the order of importance.
C 解析：篇章结构题。由文中出现的时间状语“one day this past November; When Natasha got home from class; Two days later”等可知，本文是按照时间顺序写作的。
B
Given the pace of today’s modern society, many of us are constantly on the go.When it comes to mealtime, we often don’t have enough time to head home to prepare a meal.Instead, we look for the nearest fast food restaurant to grab a quick meal in between activities.The world doesn’t always move at such a fast pace, though.So does that mean fast food restaurants are a relatively new invention？Not exactly!
Restaurants in some shape or form have been around for most of human history.To satisfy travelers’ needs, inns and taverns(酒馆) served food to guests dating back to ancient Greece and Rome.
It was not until 1921 in Wichita, Kansas, that the fast food restaurant was born in the form of the first White Castle restaurant.Up until that time, hamburgers were mainly sold at fairs and from food carts(马车), and most people considered them to be a low-quality food.White Castle aimed to change America’s view of the hamburger.The first White Castle restaurant featured an open kitchen area where customers could see their food being prepared.
Fast food didn’t catch on immediately, but it did begin to slowly develop along with the popularity of the automobile.As Americans became more mobile, frequent traveling led to a desire for quicker food on the go.
The assembly-line(流水线) system of food preparation we associate with modern fast food restaurants didn’t come about until the original McDonald’s got its start in the 1940s.Inspired by the efficiency of producing a limited number of menu items with a focus on quality, Ray Kroc, the first McDonald’s franchise(特许经营权) restaurant opened its doors in Des Plaines, Illinois, in 1955, whose branches may be seen in both the United States and abroad today.
One feature of modern fast food restaurants familiar to most children today is the drive-through window.The first restaurant to feature a drive-through with a two-way speaker system is considered to be In-N-Out Burger, opened in 1948.
Today, fast food restaurants are extremely common around the world.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要简介快餐店的发展史。
5．According to Paragraph 1, people prefer to eat at fast food restaurants because ________．
A．they cannot cook
B．they are too busy
C．they like Western food
D．they want to try new things
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Given the...don’t have enough time to head home to prepare a meal.”可知，人们因为太忙，所以会选择在快餐店用餐。
6．How did White Castle restaurant get people to accept hamburgers?
A．By advertising on a large scale.
B．By improving hamburgers’ quality.
C．By showing their cooking processes to customers.
D．By selling hamburgers at fairs and from food carts.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“The first White Castle restaurant featured...being prepared.”可知，White Castle餐厅为了让人们认可汉堡，开放了厨房操作区。
7．According to the passage, we can know that Ray Kroc is ________．
A．a fast food restaurant opened in the 1940s
B．a fast restaurant chain providing few foods of high quality
C．the first fast food restaurant opened in Des Plaines, Illinois
D．the first fast food restaurant with a two-way speaker system
B 解析：推理判断题。通读文章第五段可知，直到20世纪40年代麦当劳创立后才开始采用流水线作业系统。Ray Kroc受生产少量高质量产品可提高生产效率启发，获得麦当劳特许经营权，之后成为全美甚至是跨国连锁店。
8．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The history of fast food restaurants.
B．The advantage of fast food restaurants.
C．The popularity of fast food restaurants.
D．The convenience of fast food restaurants.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍快餐店的发展史。
语法填空
March 4 is a very important day for all language students.It is National Grammar Day(NGD)．This is the day for you to be extra careful with your grammar 1．____________class.It is also a good day to promise 2.____________(you) to make fewer grammatical mistakes.This day is not just for students.Even native 3.____________(speak) may make grammatical mistakes.There is even 4.____________annual(年度的) award for famous people with poor grammar.NGD is also a day 5.____________teachers around the world need to review their teaching methods and make their teaching activities 6.____________(good)．
National Grammar Day 7.____________(create) by the Society for the Promotion of Good Grammar(SPOGG) and MSN Encarta.If your grammar isn’t good, you can’t always say what you 8.____________(real) mean.According to the NGD website, “If we don’t respect and honor the rules of English, we will lose our ability 9.____________(communicate) clearly and well.”So what do we do on National Grammar Day? The experts from SPOGG advise us to speak well and write well! The NGD website also 10.____________(encourage) people to send photos of public notices that contain bad grammar.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“国家语法日”的相关知识。
1．in 解析：考查介词。此处强调学生在课堂上的语法使用。
2．yourself 解析：考查代词。此处是指答应自己少犯语法错误，故用反身代词。
3．speakers 解析：考查名词。根据句意可知，即使是一些说母语的人也会犯语法错误。
4．an 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指有一个针对语法不好的人的年度奖励活动。
5．when 解析：考查定语从句。本句为when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a day, 在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。
6．better 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，老师需要重新审视自己的教学方式，使教学活动变得更好。
7．was created 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，这个日子被一个组织建立，且建立是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．really 解析：考查副词。语法差的人不能时刻清楚表达自己的意思，此处用副词really修饰动词mean。
9．to communicate 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式作后置定语修饰our ability。
10．encourages 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文基本时态为一般现在时，本句主语为The NGD website, 故用encourages。
短文改错
My mother is always a helpfully person.She has just finished a CPR class at a local college and has been looking forward to use the skill.One day, when we were on shopping outside, we saw the crowd of people gathering around a still body.Then my mom shouted worried, “Stand back.I know CPR！” Just as she came closer to the body and about to begin the CPR, a police officer stopped him and explained, “Ma’am, we are trying to catch this man.He is alright.”
Because it’s a funny story, I am still really pride of my mom.She always teaches me that people should live with kind.
答案：
My mother is always a person.She has just finished a CPR class at a local college and has been looking forward to the skill.One day, when we were shopping outside, we saw crowd of people gathering around a still body.Then my mom shouted ， “Stand back.I know CPR！” Just as she came closer to the body and about to begin the CPR, a police officer stopped and explained, “Ma’am, we are trying to catch this man.He is alright.”
it’s a funny story, I am still really of my mom.She always teaches me that people should live with .
Section Ⅴ Writing
急救说明
文体感知
1．文体特点
(1)急救说明：把某一意外事故的急救方法介绍给读者，使读者了解这一方法的具体操作步骤。
(2)明确文章结构：首先明确具体的事故，其次以事实为依据给出正确、科学的具有可操作性的急救措施。
2．亮点句式
①We should check whether the person can breathe or not.
②Use the mouth-to-mouth method within five minutes.
③Lay the patient down on a coat or sleeping bag if possible.
④Cover the wound with a bandage or a piece of dry clean cloth.
⑤Don’t try to move the person unless he is in danger.
⑥Don’t give the person anything to eat or drink.
3．写作模板
In our daily life, we sometimes ________ or some other severe illness. The following are some tips/suggestions we can follow to help these people on urgent occasions.
Firstly, you must ________. Don’t ________. Secondly, pay attention to ________. If necessary, ________. Thirdly, ________. Finally, stay with the injured person and comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance.
写作要求
假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关急救常识的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。
内容包括：
1．首先保持镇静；
2．检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸；
3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。
注意：
1．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数100左右。
审题谋篇
体裁
说明文
话题
急救知识
时态
一般现在时
人称
第二人称
结构
首段：对需要说明的对象作总的概括
介绍：主体部分，具体说明
词汇推敲
1．反应vi. respond
2．帮助n. assistance
3．伤口n. wound
4．核实 check_out
5．注意 pay_attention_to
遣词造句
1． 完成句子
①知道如何正确地应对起着重要的作用。
Knowing_how_to_respond properly can make_a_big_difference．
②注意此人的呼吸情况，尤其要关注他呼吸是否困难。
Pay_attention_to the person’s breathing, especially if he is having_trouble getting his breath.
③如果有必要的话，要实施人工呼吸进行紧急救助。
If_necessary,_use the mouth-to-mouth technique to give immediate assistance.
④最后，一直陪着伤者，安慰他直到救护车及警察的到来。
Finally, stay with the injured person and comfort_him_until_the_arrival_of the police and ambulance.
2．句式升级
⑤Here are some rules. You can follow these rules.(用定语从句合并句子)
Here_are_some_rules_that_you_can_follow.
⑥Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference.(把该句转换成强调句)
It_is_knowing_how_to_respond_properly_that can make a big difference.
妙笔成篇
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One possible version：
First Aid for Accidents
If you happen to witness an accident, what should you do to save other people’s lives? Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference. Here are some rules that you can follow.
Firstly, you must stay calm and call the police and an ambulance. Speak to the person to find out as much as you can about his injuries. Next, pay attention to the person’s breathing, especially if he is having trouble getting his breath. If necessary, use the mouth-to-mouth technique to give immediate assistance. Besides, if the injured person is bleeding, press a clean towel or cloth onto his wound. Finally, stay with the injured person and comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance.
你校英语网站将开辟“急救知识介绍”专栏。请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍被狗咬伤后如何实施急救，然后发表在该网站上。
1．若伤口流血，不要止血；
2．五分钟后，若流血不止，拨打求救电话。若不再流血，用肥皂水冲洗伤口约五分钟；
3．给伤口消毒(disinfect)；
4．如有必要，注射狂犬疫苗(rabies vaccine)。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dog bites are common in our daily life. They will cause pain, swelling or bleeding. What’s worse, the victims may get infected. However, knowing some first aid knowledge can make a big difference. The steps are as follows.
First of all, don’t be afraid to let the wound bleed unless you’ve lost a lot of blood. The flow of blood out of the wound will help to clean it. After five minutes, see if you can stop the bleeding through direct pressure. If it doesn’t stop, call for emergency help. If it does stop, clean the wound under running water with mild soap for five minutes. Then disinfect the wound thoroughly. Finally, if necessary, get a rabies vaccine.
课件19张PPT。Unit 5 First aid本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1．vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的
①The tourist industry is of_vital_importance(至关重要) to the national economy.
②As is known to us, a balanced diet is vital to/for_one’s health.
③It is vital that human beings (should)_obey(obey) the rules of nature.
2．injury n. 损伤；伤害
①People who are seriously injured(injure) can go into shock.
②The player is under good treatment and the chances are that he will recover from his injury(injure) in time for the next game.
3．variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
我们班的学生来自不同的背景。(一句多译)
①The students in my class come from a_variety_of different backgrounds.
②The students in my class come from varieties_of different backgrounds.
③The students in my class come from various different backgrounds.
4．treat vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待
①The doctors discussed various approaches to the treatment(treat) of his disease and got a good plan.
②I am now in my twenties, but my parents still treat me as a child.
5．apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效
①I’d appreciate it if you could take my application(apply) into consideration.
②Over the next few months, he applied himself to improving(improve) the technique.
③The new technology, if applied(apply) to farming, will help increase the grain output.
6．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的
①His rude behaviour is unbearable(bear) to his classmates, so he makes few friends in his class.
②He couldn’t bear being_laughed(laugh) at in public.
③Bearing(bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to raise her children.
7．aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助
①He hurt his leg during the football match, and some of us give_him_first_aid(对他进行急救)．
②We have aided him_to_finish(finish) the work ahead of time.
阅读词汇排查练
1．bleed vi. & vt. 流血
2．ankle n. 踝(关节)
3．choke vi. & vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息
4．organ n. 器官
5．ray n. 光线；射线
6．liquid n. 液体
7．radiation n． 辐射；射线
8．pan n. 平底锅；盘子
9．stove n. 炉子；火炉
10．tissue n. (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸
11．scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀
12．basin n. 盆；盆地
13．symptom n． 症状；征兆
14．kettle n. (水)壶；罐
15．damp adj. 潮湿的
16．sleeve n. 袖子
17．blouse n. 女衬衫
18．throat n. 咽喉；喉咙
重点短语
会书写
1．first_aid (对伤患者的)急救
2．electric_shock 触电；电休克
3．over_and_over_again 反复；多次
4．a_number_of 若干；许多
5．take_off 脱下；起飞
6．fall_ill 生病
7．squeeze_out 榨出；挤出
8．in_place 在适当的位置；适当
9．put_one’s_hands_on 找到
10．make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；
起(重要)作用
11．act_as 担当
12._catch_fire 着火
会应用
1．Mr. Smith_fell_ill suddenly yesterday. As a result, we are looking for someone that can take charge of the project.
2．Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a low-carbon life can we make_a_difference．
3．In the past ten years a_number_of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but ruins.
4．I firmly believe that communication and smiles act_as_bridges to friendship.
5．Most people study by reading their notes over_and_over_again．
6．You can use a clean cloth instead if you can’t_put_your_hands_on_a bandage.
重点句型
1．as引导定语从句，意为“正如”
我们大家都知道，遵守交通规则是十分重要的。
As_is_known_to_us,_it is vital to obey traffic rules.
2．if引导省略句
如果必要的话，我国政府将采取措施解决这个问题。
If_necessary,_our government will take measures to settle the problem.
3. be doing sth. when...正在做某事这时……
昨晚我正在玩电脑游戏，突然停电了。
I was_playing computer games last night when_electricity was cut off.
4．强调句型
正是我的信心和决定使我取得了成功。
It_was_my_confidence_and_determination_that led to my success.
5．There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
毫无疑问，那里的孩子极需关爱和帮助。
There_is_no_doubt_that children there are badly in need of care and help.
单元语法
1．Although ordered(order) to stop, the driver kept on driving as fast as he could.
2．When asked(ask) why he was late, he kept silent.
3．Her words made me feel(feel) happier than before.
4．The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to_make(make) it more difficult.
5．He had a wonderful childhood when travelling(travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．迈克正在房间里学习，这时突然从厨房里传来一声尖叫。(be doing sth.when...)
2．他冲出去一看，发现他妈妈在煮饭的时候被烫伤了。(get burned)
3．他想起了在学校里学到的东西。
4．首先他把妈妈身上靠近烫伤面的衣服脱掉。(take off)
5．他把干净的布放入冷水中。
6．他拧出水后再放在烫伤面上，这样反反复复直到不太痛为止。(squeeze water out; over and over again)
7．他找到绷带并用绷带盖住烫伤面，然后带妈妈去看医生。(put one’s hands on)
8．医生说，如果迈克没有实施急救，他妈妈的手会烫伤得更厉害。(give the first aid to)
9．迈克的经历说明急救知识的确能够发挥重要的作用。(a knowledge of; make a difference)
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One possible version：
One day Mike was studying in his room when he heard a scream from the kitchen. He rushed out and found his mother got burned while cooking. Mike remembered what he learned at school. First, he took off the clothes that his mother was wearing near the burns. Then, he put clean cloth in the cold water, squeezed water out and placed it on the burned area over and over again until the pain was not so bad. At last, he put his hands on a dry and clean bandage, held the bandage in place to the burned area and went to the doctor with his mother. The doctor said the burns would have done more damage to his mother’s hand if he hadn’t given the first aid to her. Mike’s experience shows a knowledge of first aid does make a difference.
课件24张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放综合过关检测
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why does the woman suggest the man travel by train?
A．The man will see more scenery.
B．It’s cheaper.
C．Planes are unsafe.
2．What are these two people talking about?
A．Things to wear.
B．A lightweight shirt.
C．The warm weather.
3．What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Boss and secretary.
C．Clerk and guest.
4．When can the woman get the computer?
A．On Friday. B．On Thursday. C．Half an hour later.
5．Where did the man put his camera?
A．By the tower. B．On the steps. C．In his car.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the woman do?
A．A teacher. B．A student. C．A singer.
7．What does the man suggest the woman do?
A．Apologize to Raj and ask him for help.
B．Find someone who knows Indian music online.
C．Talk to Raj and ask him to stop making fun of her.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．When did ballet start?
A．In the early 1600s.
B．In the late 1600s.
C．In the early 1700s.
9．What was the rule when ballet was first performed?
A．Only men were allowed to dance.
B．Dancers had to dance on their toes.
C．Only women were allowed to dance.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．When will the man arrive at the restaurant?
A．At 8：30 pm. B．At 9：00 pm. C．At 9：30 pm.
11．What does the man ask for?
A．A table at the corner.
B．A table by the window.
C．A table far from the kitchen.
12．What does the man’s wife like?
A．Eating delicious food.
B．Eating in a quiet place.
C．Having a bird’s-eye view.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why does the man give up his job as a gardener?
A．Because flowers make him feel bad.
B．Because he wants to get more money.
C．Because he wants to find a relaxing job.
14．What does the man do?
A．He is a shop assistant.
B．He is a part-time teacher.
C．He is a university student.
15．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Friends. B．Strangers. C．Relatives.
16．What jobs did the man do in the past?
A．A gardener and a cook.
B．A shop assistant and a part-time teacher.
C．A construction worker and a driver.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How many tips does the speaker provide?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
18．How many windows at least should be open for fresh air?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
19．Which of the following should be carried for your pet on your trip?
A．A fan. B．Its toys. C．Its clothes.
20．What can we learn from the text?
A．Pets should not be allowed to jump against seats.
B．We should practice our pets to push open the door.
C．Pets don’t like to bark in places where a lot of people gather.
答案：1－5.AACCB 6－10.BAAAA 11－15.BCACB 16－20.BCBBA
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：I’m planning to go to New Mexico.
W：Why not take the train？You’ll see more scenery than from a plane.①
(Text 2)
W：What kind of dress are you looking for?
M：Since it’s getting warmer this time of the year, I want something lightweight.② What do you think would be the best?
(Text 3)
W：I’d like a room for myself and my husband.
M：For how many nights?
W：We’ll stay three nights.
M：Two people for three nights, fine. I’ll give you Room 302.③
(Text 4)
W：Can we get the computer before Friday?
M：It depends. If it is less than 10 kilometers, we can deliver it on Thursday.
W：But my office is just at the corner of the street.
M：OK. I am sure you can get it in half an hour then.④
(Text 5)
M：Oh, no, I haven’t got my camera.
W：But you used it just now to take a photograph at the tower.
M：Oh, I remembered. I put it on the stairs while I put on my coat.⑤
W：OK, let’s draw it back quickly. It might still be there.
(Text 6)
M：You have been sitting in front of the computer the whole day.
W：I know it’s not good for me.But I must finish my school paper within a week.⑥
M：What is it about?
W：Indian music.I know nothing about Indian music，so I have to do a lot of research online.
M：Why not ask Raj for help？He is from India.He must know a lot about Indian music.
W：But he doesn’t like me.
M：Why?
W：It’s my fault.I make fun of him sometimes.
M：That’s rude.I think you should apologize to him.He is a good boy.I’m sure he’ll accept your apology and help you.⑦
W：I’ll call him tonight.
(Text 7)
M：You seem to like ballet a lot.You must know a lot about ballet.
W：Well, yes, I do.
M：When did it start?
W：It was first performed in Italy in the early 1600s.⑧ It was brought to France in the time of Catherine de Medici and became a favorite with King Louis XIV.
M：Is it true that in the early times only men were allowed to dance?
W：Yes.⑨ Women first danced in a ballet in 1681．
M：I have an interesting question.Do male dancers have to dance on their toes too?
W：No.Only the lady dancers dance on their toes.A dancer is usually at least 12-years-old before she begins to dance on her toes.
M：I think the male dancers must be very strong, or they wouldn’t be able to lift the lady dancers into the air.
W：That’s right.
M：You really do know a lot about ballet.Do you want to be a professional ballet dancer?
W：No.I studied ballet just because I want to look more elegant.
(Text 8)
W：Hello！This is Modern Restaurant.What can I do for you?
M：Hello！I want to know what time you will open this evening.
W：We open at 6：00 pm and close at 11：00 pm.
M：Well, I’d like to order a table for four.
W：OK.When would you like your order, sir?
M：In about four and a half hours from now.
W：Hmm, it’s 4：00 pm now.⑩OK.May I have your name, please?
M：David Smith.By the way，any chance of a table by the window？?My wife loves to have a bird’s-eye view.? It is her forty-second birthday today.
W：I see, Mr Smith.
M：Thank you very much.
(Text 9)
W：What can I do for you, sir?
M：I’m looking for a job.?
W：What kind of jobs do you want?
M：I have no idea.I used to be a gardener，but the flowers made me sneeze.?Can you give me some advice about what job I should take?
W：Yes，of course.But first of all，I must know more information about you.You’re a university graduate，aren’t you?
M：No, I haven’t graduated from university yet.? But I took many kinds of part-time jobs in the past.
W：What other jobs did you do in the past?
M：Well, I worked as a shop assistant for half a year and a part-time teacher for one year.?
W：Hmm，I see.I will try to help you find a suitable job soon.
M：Thank you very much.
(Text 10)
Here are some tips and tricks，while traveling with your pets, to make the trip something to remember and to make sure that everyone has a good time.
Keep in mind that pets can suffer from heatstroke when left in a small enclosed space，so at least two open windows are necessary for fresh air.? Remember to park in the shade.
Stop pets from pushing open the door and jumping against seats and people.?
At the hotel, you should request a room at the end of the hall and away from where people gather.The quieter the room, the fewer barks to worry about.
Be sure to carry a copy of your pets’ health certificate and their food and toys！?
Do not let your pets put their head out of a moving vehicle; this can lead to eye injuries.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What I Saw on the Hibiscus Airship
C．L.Heng
$43.95
A girl on a great journey to find her destiny(命运), realizes the power of wrong doings, unsung heroes, and most of all, love. What I Saw on the Hibiscus Airship is a story of adventure and family.
The Tiger and the Leopardess
Ho Khong Ming
$23.05
An old hungry tiger is on the hunt for a meal and meets an unhappy leopardess(雌豹). Can enemies trust each other? In this story, The Tiger and the Leopardess, will hate or love influence their relationship?
Privatization of Facility Management in Public Hospitals
Hong Poh Fan
$40.65
Hong Poh Fan explores the changes public hospitals have undertaken(着手) to improve services in Malaysia. He shares lessons learned over a fifteen-year period of hospital privatization in this detailed examination of how to improve health care.
Escape to America
Tetsuo Fukuyama
$38.45
Fukuyama decided to leave his homeland and experiment with a completely different lifestyle: living in New York City. This story of how the author’s courage and determination helped him survive in difficult conditions will encourage readers to find their own happiness.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，是一则介绍图书的广告。
21．Which of the following is an adventure book?
A．Escape to America.
B．The Tiger and the Leopardess.
C．What I Saw on the Hibiscus Airship.
D．Privatization of Facility Management in Public Hospitals.
C 解析：细节理解题。由What I Saw on the Hibiscus Airship介绍内容中的“What I Saw on the Hibiscus Airship is a story of adventure and family.”可知，这本书讲述了关于冒险和家庭的故事。
22．Who explored love and hate in his book?
A．C.L. Heng.
B．Hong Poh Fan.
C．Ho Khong Ming.
D．Tetsuo Fukuyama.
C 解析：细节理解题。由The Tiger and the Leopardess介绍内容中的“In this story, The Tiger and the Leopardess, will hate or love influence their relationship？”可知，该书的作者在此书中探讨了爱与恨。
23．What do we know about Escape to America?
A．It tells a story about friendship.
B．It is based on real-life events.
C．It describes life in Malaysia.
D．It is for practical use.
B 解析：细节理解题。由Escape to America介绍内容中的“This story of how the author’s courage and determination helped him survive in difficult conditions will encourage readers to find their own happiness.”可知，该书结合了作者自身的经历，讲述了作者如何用勇气与决心克服困难的故事。
B
The University of Miami’s newest hospital has a six-bed emergency room, operating room, a birthing room and outpatient clinics(诊室)．
The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff(工作人员) actors.
“Practicing on real people can be a frightening environment, and as our patients may be unwilling to accept treatment when a student walks in，” said Susana Barroso-Fernandez, who oversees UM’s simulation(模拟) program. “We created this environment to allow students to practice and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.”
UM’s Simulation Hospital is part of a growing trend(趋势) of colleges building simulation centers to provide real-life experiences to students. Community colleges and schools also use simulators for emergency medical technician and medical assistant programs.
A 2014 study by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results. The students scored as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and health care centers. Officials say they think simulation has helped their students achieve nearly perfect passing rates on the exams.
There are major advantages of simulation. In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in, it also gives students experience with conditions that are rare, but still important for them to know how to deal with.
“The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM，” officials said. “You can bring companies in that want to test new products before they go to market，” Barroso-Fernandez said.“You can work with community partners like police and fire departments. You can take this hospital and turn it into a casualty event and have the community practice disaster preparedness and response. It’s not just about nursing education.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。迈阿密大学最新的医院利用电脑化的假病人训练护理专业的学生来获取临床经验。
24．What is special about the new hospital?
A．It has modern services and expert doctors.
B．It is comfortable and patient-friendly.
C．There are plenty of clinics.
D．There are no real patients.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff(工作人员) actors.”可知，医院利用电脑化的假病人与扮演工作人员的演员来训练学生。
25．What did the 2014 study show?
A．Simulation was used in most colleges.
B．Simulation could help students get job chances.
C．Simulation could avoid some unfavorable results.
D．Simulation increased the risks of patients and students.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results”可知，使用模拟情景训练学生可以避免不好的结果。
26．What do we know about UM’s simulation program?
A．Only unusual conditions can be provided for students.
B．Students can be trained in a safe environment.
C．Students have chances to act as patients.
D．It mainly involves outdoor training.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第六段中的“In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in”可知，模拟训练可以为学生提供一个相对安全的环境。
27．What can be learned from Barroso-Fernandez’s words in the last paragraph?
A．This hospital can be widely used.
B．She was not satisfied with the nursing education.
C．This hospital is good at dealing with casualty events.
D．She advised companies to put more money into this hospital.
A 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中Barroso-Fernandez所说的话可知，医院可以用来帮助公司试验新药，让社区民众练习灾难准备与应对措施，它的用途不只在于护理教育；由此可推知，这类医院可以广泛用于其他的用途。
C
When my senior season in college finally arrived, I had managed to reach the top of the school tennis team: I was the varsity(大学代表队的) captain. There was only one problem. By then, I was the only one on the team who had ever played competitive tennis before. Going into the season, I felt like I was captaining a sinking ship. At my inner-city school there was not much interest in tennis, and on our first day of practice, it showed that.
As the season continued, my sadness accumulated. No matter how hard we worked, the team could not manage a win.
I remember going to practice after a particularly bad game and expecting to see a group of sad guys. Instead, the team was laughing and playing as if nothing had happened. At first their attitudes angered me, but after some thought, I realized I had been looking at our performance the wrong way. Some teams are simply not going to win. It was not fair to measure how well we were doing based on wins and losses, because success is not that black and white. Mitch (one of our team members) had lost his match the day before 0-8, but he made one shot which, to him, eclipsed(使失色) all of his misses. Who is to say that he lost?
For the rest of the season, I played with a different attitude. Learning not to take things too seriously enabled me to relax. We had more fun and played better tennis. The team began to bond(建立牢固关系)．
We finished the season 0-10, but instead of being my worst season of tennis, it was the most rewarding. Playing on a losing team taught me how to make the best of a bad situation and keep a great attitude. It also made me realize that the old saying is true: It’s not whether you win or lose, it’s how you play the game.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者担任校竞技网球队的队长，经历了由注重输赢到平常心看待输赢的态度转变。
28．When the author became the varsity captain, he most probably________．
A．was worried about his team
B．was confident they would win
C．was not good at competitive tennis
D．was not familiar with his teammates
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Going into the season, I felt like I was captaining a sinking ship.”可知，作者为他的团队担心。
29．What does the underlined word “accumulated” mean?
A．Reduced slightly. B．Disappeared fully.
C．Increased gradually. D．Remained temporarily.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中“No matter how hard...manage a win.”可推测，作者带领的团队无论怎么努力都无法获胜，所以作者的悲伤随赛季的进程逐渐增加。
30．What did the author finally realize after that bad game?
A．He was unable to organize a game.
B．His teammates were unsuited to play tennis.
C．He should change his attitude toward matches.
D．His teammates should be responsible for the failure.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“but after some thought, I realized...based on wins and losses”可推断，作者已经意识到应该改变自己对比赛的态度。
31．From the passage, we can learn that when playing matches, we should________．
A．try our best to win
B．support the team captain
C．consider teamwork important
D．treat wins and losses correctly
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“It also made...how you play the game.”可知，作者意识到比赛的过程才是最重要的，要以平常心正确看待输赢。
D
When a person’s heart stops, there are only seconds to act. If performed effectively, CPR can keep a person alive until medical help arrives. In some areas medical help may take more than 10 minutes to arrive. Every minute counts and can mean the difference in life or death. Also, CPR is most effective when it is given without being stopped. Unfortunately, in some situations, it can be difficult or nearly impossible for first responders to continue CPR as a person is being taken from a building or other areas with difficult land.
But CPR devices can help solve these problems. They can automatically(自动地) deliver CPR strokes(打击动作) to continue blood movement around bodies and oxygen supply of unresponsive injured persons. One such automatic CPR device, called the AutoPulse, increased the survival rate of patients in need of CPR by 3.6%. The device provides compression strokes by rapidly inflating(使充气) and deflating a bag. The device is battery-operated and can perform CPR for over 10 minutes. The device could save thousands of lives every year.
The AutoPulse is specifically designed to help medical staff and other first responders continue CPR in areas where CPR operated by hands is nearly impossible. According to Zoll, one of the creators of the AutoPulse, their device can provide better CPR compression strokes than first responders in difficult situations.
With a little training, first responders are able to set up the AutoPulse in just 14 seconds. Zoll reports their device also has a lower rate of being stopped in 85% of the cases in comparison to CPR that people perform using hands.
The AutoPulse has been reported many times in life-saving events. Although the device appears to lead to good results, some first responders do not want to use the AutoPulse over the fear of a failure and the expense of one unit—about US$10，000 per unit. The AutoPulse and other automated CPR machines will still need a lot more convincing evidence before the medical community will largely accept the devices.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍一款自动心肺复苏设备：AutoPulse。
32．What’s the shortcoming of CPR provided by humans according to Paragraph 1?
A．It needs certain conditions.
B．It requires a long-time preparation.
C．It is assisted by complex medical devices.
D．It is only performed by professional medical staff.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately, in some...difficult land.”可推断，人工心肺复苏需要一定的条件。
33．According to the creator of the AutoPulse, the device ________．
A．is less easily disturbed than humans
B．is designed for hospitals rather than individuals
C．cannot really replace first responders to do CPR
D．cannot do a better job than humans in difficult situations
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“...has a lower rate of being stopped in 85% of the cases in comparison to CPR...”可知，自动心肺复苏设备较人工心肺复苏来说不容易被打断。
34．What is a disadvantage of the AutoPulse?
A．It fails to perform well frequently.
B．It is not convenient to carry around.
C．It needs a lot of training before use.
D．It is unaffordable for potential users.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中“...some first...US $10，000 per unit.”可知，其缺点是价格太昂贵了。
35．What’s this passage mainly about?
A．The importance of learning CPR.
B．The conditions of operating CPR.
C．A comparison of traditional and modern CPR.
D．An introduction to an automatic CPR machine.
D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文旨在介绍一款自动心肺复苏设备。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do you run? Different people have different reasons. Whatever your reason, there’s one thing we can be sure of: Running is much better injury-free. In his book, Dr. Jordan Metzl’s Running Strong, Metzl has the perfect suggestions for enjoying your running without losing your well-being. Here are five must-follow rules for injury-free running：
1．Train for your level of fitness and your goals.
36．________ If you run for fitness and your goal is 30 minutes a day, that’s cool. But if you are just starting out, you need to get there slowly.
2．Wear the right shoes for your feet.
You will hear lots of opinions about whether running shoes really help prevent injury and whether you should even wear them. 37.________ And some of you may need a little added assistance from inserts(鞋垫)．
3．38.________
Be honest about how much sleep you need and stick to it. The cool runner is the one who wins the race. Sleep will get you there.
4．Fuel(给……提供能量) your body right for running and recovery.
39．________ And after a workout or race, you need to deliver nutrients to all the body rebuilders in your muscles, so they can do their job and get you back into tip-top shape for your run tomorrow.
5．Pay attention to pain.
When pain changes the way you run, stop running. 40.________ And use dynamic rest(动态休息) to stay in shape until you are back on your running feet.
A．Try to find out what’s going on and treat it.
B．Get seven to eight hours of sleep every night.
C．Running should be seen as fun rather than pain.
D．Don’t run more miles than your body can deal with.
E．A good pre-run meal plan is one that keeps you stepping strong.
F．It is because of the health benefits, including lowering your risk for disease.
G．The right running shoes can help correct foot-movement problems that lead to injury.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑步锻炼身体时的几条建议。
36．D 解析：由下文中的“If you run for fitness and your goal is 30 minutes a day, that’s cool.”可知，每天跑步应该在身体承受的范围之内。
37．G 解析：由上文中的“whether running shoes really help prevent injury and whether you should even wear them”可知，好的跑鞋可以纠正脚在鞋内的移动，避免因这些移动而产生伤害。
38．B 解析：由下文中的“Be honest about how much sleep you need and stick to it.”可知，该小标题与睡眠有关，建议人们每天应保证7到8小时的睡眠。
39．E 解析：由上文中的“Fuel(给……提供能量) your body right for running and recovery.”以及下文中的“you need to deliver nutrients to all the body rebuilders”可知，跑前进食的计划可以帮助你变得强壮。
40．A 解析：由上文中的“When pain changes the way you run, stop running.”可知，一旦发现疼痛，应立刻停止跑步，检查问题出在哪里，并及时治疗。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Latarata, gout tetenen he！” an old man shouted through the door when he saw us. What I heard didn’t sound like the __41__ I had learnt only weeks earlier.
The man in the __42__ was our landlord. Earlier in the day, we had moved into his house. Before we __43__ unpacking, my father said we needed to go over to __44__ ourselves.
As a woman __45__， our landlord wheeled his chair away from us. Our landlady explained that her husband had __46__ only five adults, not seven—and not any teenagers. “Welcome, __47__，” the landlady said. “My name is Loretta. My husband’s is Walter.”
But we __48__ called them by those names. We __49__ our landlord as “ Mr. Water”. As for Loretta, we called her “Mrs. Water”. After that first meeting, I became the __50__ of messages concerning home repairs. In school, when I couldn’t express myself in English, I just stayed __51__. But with Mr. Water, I had no __52__. Every time I talked with him, I could __53__ his feelings as my English began to sound __54__. From time to time, Mr. Water would raise his hand. I understood that he’d had enough of my English.
In the following seven years, this scene __55__ countless times. And suddenly I understood the sentence that he had used to greet our __56__. It was：“Loretta, come out! The tenants are here！”
People often ask me when I first __57__ I could speak English well. The exact moment is hard to say, but it was during one of these __58__ with Mr. Water. On my path to becoming an American, I __59__ much to him for giving me the most __60__ exercise an English-language learner could ever have asked for.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己英语水平提升的过程。作者把这一切归功于跟房东沃尔特先生的交流。
41．A.grammar B．language
C．culture D．subject
B 解析：根据上文的“Latarata, gout tetenen he！”可知，沃尔特先生说的英语跟作者之前几个星期学的语言(language)不同。
42．A.kitchen B．block
C．wheelchair D．flat
C 解析：根据下文提到的“wheeled his chair away from us”可知，房东沃尔特先生是坐着轮椅的。
43．A.finished B．forgot
C．avoided D．missed
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者父亲认为在安顿好行李之前，跟房东打招呼是非常必要的。
44．A.relax B．punish
C．help D．introduce
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者父亲认为一家人得去跟房东打个招呼(introduce)。
45．A.passed by B．came out
C．ran across D．jumped out
B 解析：根据上下文语境可知，当女房东出来时(came out)，房东走开了。
46．A.imagined B．designed
C．expected D．received
C 解析：根据下文的“only five adults, not seven—and not any teenagers”可知，房东原本以为(expected)有五个成年人入住，没有想到竟有七个人入住，并且还有小孩。
47．A.anyway B．instead
C．forever D．otherwise
A 解析：根据语境可知，尽管入住人数增加，还有小孩，但女房东还是表示了欢迎。anyway意为“不管怎样，无论如何”。
48．A.ever B．always
C．often D．never
D 解析：根据下文的“our landlord as ‘Mr. Water’”可知，作者一家从来没有(never)叫对名字，他们把Walter夫妇称为“Water”夫妇。
49．A.regarded B．addressed
C．considered D．believed
B 解析：根据下文的“As for Loretta, we called her ‘Mrs. Water’．”可知答案，addressed意为“称呼，用(头衔)称呼某人”。
50．A.writer B．conductor
C．donator D．deliverer
D 解析：根据下文的“messages concerning home repairs”可知，彼此之间介绍之后，作者便成了房屋维修信息的传递者。
51．A.quiet B．active
C．smart D．calm
A 解析：根据语境可知，在学校，当作者无法用英语表达想法时，他总是保持沉默(quiet)。
52．A.intention B．position
C．answer D．choice
D 解析：根据语境，面对沃尔特先生，作者别无选择(choice)，只能努力把信息表达好。
53．A.share B．strengthen
C．sense D．ignore
C 解析：由于作者英语不好，无法准确表达信息，作者感觉(sense)到了沃尔特先生情绪的变化。
54．A.perfect B．terrible
C．modern D．local
B 解析：交谈过程中，当作者英语表达很糟糕(terrible)的时候，作者感觉到了沃尔特先生情绪的变化。
55．A.disappeared B．repeated
C．changed D．ended
B 解析：根据语境可知，在接下来的七年里，这样的场景经常发生(repeated)。
56．A.arrival B．future
C．dream D．guest
A 解析：在跟沃尔特先生交流的过程中，作者明白了几年前他欢迎他们的到来(arrival)时说的话的意思。
57．A.denied B．decided
C．refused D．realized
D 解析：根据语境可知，人们经常问作者什么时候第一次意识(realized)到自己的英语说得好。
58．A.challenges B．conflicts
C．communications D．quarrels
C 解析：作者认为自己的英语说得好，主要是因为跟沃尔特先生的交流(communications)多。
59．A.provide B．lend
C．owe D．pay
C 解析：作者将自己英语说得好的原因归功(owe)于与房东的交流。
60．A.special B．effective
C．tiring D．difficult
B 解析：作者认为沃尔特先生为自己提供了英语学习者需要的最有效的(effective)练习。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
National Donut(甜甜圈) Day is celebrated on the first Friday of every June. It is a day used 61．______________(celebrate) donuts and the men and women who served soldiers donuts during the First World War. It is a day that is 62.______________(main) celebrated in the United States, but a great number of donut shops around the world have participated as well. Traditionally, free donuts are given out to 63.______________(customer) of donut shops on this day.
It is said that Morgan Pett, 64.______________ young military doctor, decided to pick up some donuts on his way to the military base. All throughout the day, as he helped the 65.______________(wound) soldiers, he would pass out donuts. This custom 66.______________(catch) on and was eventually used during World War Ⅰ at the canteens 67.______________ the military used to attend to the soldiers’ needs. Each canteen would have several ladies passing out coffee, donuts and other baked goods. Later, these ladies came to 68.____________(know) as donut dollies.
Most of the 69.____________(mean) of this holiday has been lost to history, and now many people just see it 70.____________ a day to get free donuts from one of the major donut chains.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在美国流行的一个节日——甜甜圈日。
61．to celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。be used to do表示“被用于……”。
62．mainly 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词celebrated，故填副词mainly。
63．customers 解析：考查名词。此处指甜甜圈店里的顾客，故填其复数形式。
64．a 解析：考查冠词。Morgan Pett是一名年轻的军医，非特指。
65．wounded 解析：考查非谓语动词。过去分词wounded在句子中作定语，修饰soldiers。
66．caught 解析：考查动词时态。根据during World War I可知，此处陈述的是过去的一个事实，故用动词的过去式。
67．where 解析：考查定语从句。所填词在句中引导定语从句，修饰限定词canteens，故填where。
68．be known 解析：考查动词语态。所填词与ladies是被动关系，且前面有动词不定式符号to，故填be known。
69．meaning 解析：考查名词。根据Most of the可知，此处应填名词形式，且谓语动词为单数形式，故填meaning，表示“含义”。
70．as 解析：考查介词。see sth. as sth.意为“把……看作是……”。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
At present, many a child don’t do the housework. They are either busy doing their homework nor playing games. In my opinions, it’s totally wrong for children not to take on some responsibility at home. A child who take a role in the housework will become much considerate and helpful than those who don’t. I used to be rather laziness and didn’t like doing the housework. I didn’t understand my parents’ hardship until one day I helped themselves clean the kitchen. Since then, I found it a pleasure to help with others, and I’m proud to take on responsibilities not only at home, but also at school.
答案：
At present, many a child do the housework. They are either busy doing their homework playing games. In my ， it’s totally wrong for children not to take on responsibility at home. A child who a role in the housework will become considerate and helpful than those who don’t. I used to be rather and didn’t like doing the housework. I didn’t understand my parents’ hardship until one day I helped clean the kitchen. Since then, I found it a pleasure to help others, and I’m proud to take on responsibilities not only at home, but also at school.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa发来邮件，说她最近经常熬夜学习，感觉身体不适。请你给她写一封电子邮件，劝她注意休息并提出你的建议。
注意：词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)。
Dear Lisa，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Lisa，
I’m sorry to hear you’re not feeling well. I think you should have a rest.
First, I don’t think you should stay up too late to study every night, because it can do harm to your health. You should learn to keep a balance between your studies and free time, and it’s especially important to get enough sleep. If you have to stay up, I suggest you eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. What’s more, if you really have difficulty in your studies, you can have a talk with your favourite teachers or best friends to ask for help. I’m sure they will be helpful.
I hope you’ll take good care of yourself and enjoy your life and studies!
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
