生活在大都市——伦敦给作者带来各式各样的便捷，虽然作者很喜欢这样的感觉，但是作者还是想离开这里，回到自己的家园。
Life in London
At the moment, I’m living in London, the capital city of the UK and in a busy, tourist-filled metropolis(大都市), but it’s easy to feel like a small fish in a very big pond.
I take the tube to work. The London underground is a great transport network and you can get across London by underground much more quickly than by bus.However, it’s often very crowded on the tube in the morning.There’s no air conditioning on the tube, and when there are a lot of people on board you’ll feel very uncomfortable. Occasionally(偶尔) there are delays which can be frustrating when you need to get to work！The tube can be quite expensive, and a single ticket can be up to ￡4.Luckily, if you have an Oyster card you pay almost half of that!
As a capital city, London has loads of great attractions.Some of them require an entrance fee, but
there are lots of things that you can do for free.The Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace is a well-known event.You can watch it for free but you need to get there early if you want a good view！Most museums in London are free for everyone to enjoy, but donations are welcome.
One thing I love about London is the free newspapers and magazines.On Tuesdays, a magazine called Time Out is published and it has great tips on what events will happen in London in the coming week.If you like fashion, you can pick up a copy of Stylist on Wednesdays.Every day, two newspapers are printed.You can pick up a copy of the Metro during the day, or later in the afternoon you can obtain a copy of the London Evening Standard.The articles aren’t too long, and it’s a great way to keep up with the news!
Though I’m enjoying living in London temporarily(临时地), it’ll be nice to escape the big smoke and return home!
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1．kingdom n． 王国
2．consist vi. 组成；在于；一致
3．province n. 省；行政区
4．clarify vt. 澄清；阐明
5．conflict n． 矛盾；冲突
6．nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的
7．port n. 港口(城市)
8．countryside n. 乡下；农村
拓展词汇
9．unite vi.&vt.联合；团结→union n．联合；联盟；结合；协会
10．accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现→accomplishment n．成就；成绩
11．unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)→willing(反义词)adj.愿意(的)；乐意(的)
12．convenience n．便利；方便→convenient adj.方便的→conveniently adv.方便地
13．rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的→roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地；粗暴地
14．attract vt.吸引；引起注意→attraction n．吸引；有吸引力的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的；诱人的
15．collection n．收藏品；珍藏；收集→collect vt.收集
16．enjoyable adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的→enjoy vt.欣赏；享有→enjoyment n．愉快；令人愉快的事
阅读词汇
17．credit n． 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
18．currency n. 货币；通货
19．institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构
20．educational adj. 教育的
21．historical adj. 历史(上)的；有关历史的
22．architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术
23．administration n. 管理；行政部门
24．opportunity n. 机会；时机
重点短语
1．consist_of 由……组成
2．divide...into 把……分成
3．refer_to 提到； 说起
4．as_well 也； 还
5．break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚); 脱离
6．to_one’s_credit 为……带来荣誉； 值得
赞扬；在……名下
7．for_convenience 为方便起见
8．leave_out 省去； 遗漏； 不考虑
重点句型
1．find＋宾语＋宾补
Now when people refer to England you find_Wales_included(发现威尔士被包括) as well.
2．do/does/did＋动词原形
To their credit the four countries do_work_together(的确一起合作) in some areas(eg，the currency and international relations)，but they still have very different institutions.
3．It be＋n.＋that 从句，it作形式主语
It_is_a_pity_that(遗憾的是) the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
4．keep＋宾语＋adj.(宾补)
You must keep_your_eyes_open(睁大你的眼睛) if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
1．What is mainly discussed in this passage?
A．The history of the United Kingdom.
B．The geography of the United Kingdom.
C．The people of the United Kingdom.
D．The politics of the United Kingdom.
答案：A
2．Find the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Paras.1－3) A．Why did London become the cultural capital of England?
Part 2 (Para.4) B．What England includes (something about Great Britain; the UK)．
Part 3 (Paras.5－6) C．How England is divided into
three zones.
答案：BCA
Careful-reading
Read the text and choose the best answer.
1．Where do most of the people settle in England?
A．They settle in the zone nearest to France.
B．They settle in the zone nearest to Scotland.
C．They settle in the Midlands.
D．They settle in the North of England.
2．Which invaders influenced London’s language most?
A．Anglo-Saxons. B．Romans.
C．Normans. D．Vikings.
3．From the passage，we know that ________．
A．all the four countries share the same educational system
B．the Romans came to England before the Anglo-Saxons
C．it was easy for Northern Ireland to join England, Scotland and Wales
D．most of the industries are in the South of England
4．How many countries does the UK consist of?
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
答案：1－4.AABC
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.
①本句是一个简单句。
②句子的主干是the English government tried to form the United Kingdom。
③in the early twentieth century 作时间状语；by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way作方式状语，其中getting Ireland connected为get sth.done结构，过去分词connected作宾语补足语。
[翻译] 最后，英国政府在20世纪初打算以同样和平的方式把爱尔兰联合进来形成联合王国。
2．It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②主句是It is a pity；that引导主语从句；It作形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。
③built in the nineteenth century是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰cities。
[翻译] 可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客没有什么吸引力。
3．It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.
这是一个较为复杂的简单句。动词has后接三个宾语：the oldest port，the oldest building和the oldest castle；每个宾语都含有一个过去分词短语作后置定语。
[翻译] 它有公元1世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁－撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼统治者建造的最古老的城堡。
4．You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.
[翻译] 如果要使你的英国之旅愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。
①puzzle['p?zl]n.谜，难题
②describe[d?'skra?b]vt.描述，形容
③clarify['kl?r?fa?]vt.澄清；阐明
④link A to B 把A与B连接(联合)起来。此处为被动语态。
⑤refer to 提到；涉及
refer的过去式、过去分词均为referred。
⑥accomplish[?'k?mpl??]vt.完成；达到；实现
⑦conflict['k?nfl?kt]n.矛盾；冲突
⑧unwilling[??n'w?l??]adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)
⑨break away(from)挣脱 (束缚)；脱离
⑩the Union Jack 英国国旗
union['ju?nj?n]n.联合；联盟；结合；协会
?credit['kred?t]n.信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
to one’s credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
?currency['k?r?ns?]n.货币；通货
?institution[??nst?'tju??n]n.制度；机制；公共机构
?educational[?edj?'ke???nl]adj.教育的
?legal['li?ɡl]adj.法律的
?convenience[k?n'vi?n??ns]n.便利；方便
for convenience 为方便起见
?roughly['r?fl?]adv.粗略地；粗糙地
rough[r?f]adj.粗糙的；粗暴的
?be known as 将……称为，把……叫作
?nationwide[?ne???n'wa?d]adj.全国性的；全国范围的
?not as large as(＝not so large as) 不如……那么大
attract[?'tr?kt]vt.吸引；引起注意
historical[h?s't?r?kl]adj.历史(上)的；有关历史的
architecture['ɑ?k?tekt??]n.建筑学；建筑艺术
collection[k?'lek?n]n.收藏品；珍藏；收集
administration[?d?m?n?s'tre??n]n.管理；行政部门
port[p??t]n.港口(城市)
construct[k?n'str?kt]vt.建筑；建造
set[set]n.一群人 vt.设置， 调整好
invader[?n've?d?(r)]n.侵略者
influence['Infl??ns]v.影响
castle['kɑ?sl]n.城堡
countryside['k?ntr?sa?d]n.乡下；农村
evidence['evId(?)ns]n.证据；证明
enjoyable[?n'd????bl]adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的
worthwhile[?w??θ'waIl]adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)的
PUZZLES①IN GEOGRAPHY
People may wonder why different words are used to describe② these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.You can clarify③ this question if you study British history.
First there was England. Wales was linked to④ it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to⑤ England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and later the name was changed to “Great Britain”. Happily this was accomplished⑥ without conflict⑦ when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling⑧ and broke away⑨ to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union JackB10.
◆when...to England为when引导的时间状语从句，find Wales included为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
◆by getting...way为方式状语，其中getting Ireland connected为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
◆动词不定式短语to become...Kingdom作结果状语。
◆过去分词短语called the Union Jack作后置定语，修饰a new flag。
To their credit? the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency? and international relations), but they still have very different institutions?. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational? and legal? systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
◆do在此强调谓语动词，表示“的确，确实”。
England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience? it is divided roughly? into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as? the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide? , these cities are not as large as? those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attractB21 visitors. For historicalB22 architectureB23 you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.
◆Although...in China为Although引导的让步状语从句。those指代前面的cities。
◆It为形式主语，that...visitors为真正的主语。在该主语从句中，过去分词短语built...century作后置定语，修饰the industrial cities。
◆过去分词短语built by the Romans作后置定语，修饰towns。
地理之谜
人们也许对为什么用不同的词来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家感到奇怪。如果你学习英国历史，你就能弄清楚这个问题了。
首先是英格兰。威尔士于13世纪就同英格兰联合起来了。如今当人们提起英格兰时，你就会发现威尔士也被包括在内。接着，英格兰、威尔士同苏格兰在17世纪联合起来了，并且随后名字就被改成了“大不列颠”。所幸的是，当苏格兰的国王詹姆斯也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。最后，英国政府在20世纪初打算以同样和平的方式把爱尔兰联合进来形成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意组建联合王国，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。因此只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，这从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。
值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方面；但是有些制度仍然区别很大。如北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰拥有不同的教育制度和法律制度，并且它们有各自的足球队，参加像世界杯之类的比赛！
在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的那个地区叫作英格兰南部地区，中部地区叫作英格兰中部地区，最靠近苏格兰的那个地区叫作英格兰北部地区。你会发现大部分人定居在南部，而大多数的工业城市都位于英格兰的中部和北部。尽管从全国范围看，这些城市不如中国的城市那样大，但是它们都拥有世界闻名的足球队，有的城市甚至有两支足球队！可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客没有什么吸引力。要找那些历史建筑，你得去更古老的、比较小的城镇，它们是由古罗马人建造的。在那儿你会找到更多有关英国历史和文化的东西。
The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collectionsB24 , theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administrationB25. It has the oldest portB26 built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructedB27 by later Norman rulers in 1066. There have been four setsB28 of invadersB29 of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government.The third, the Vikings, influencedB30 the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castlesB31 and introduced new words for food.
◆the oldest port..., the oldest building...和the oldest castle...为并列宾语，相对应的后面的过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。
If you look around the British countrysideB32 you will find evidenceB33 of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyableB34 and worthwhileB35.
◆主句中“keep...open”为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，形容词open作宾补。if引导的条件状语从句中“make...enjoyable and worthwhile”为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。, 最具有历史意义的宝地是伦敦，那里有博物馆、艺术藏品、剧院、公园和各种建筑物。它是国家的政治和行政中心。它有公元1世纪由古罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁－撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼统治者建造的最古老的城堡。曾经有四批入侵者侵入英格兰。第一批入侵者古罗马人，留下了他们的城镇和道路。接着是盎格鲁－撒克逊人，留下了他们的语言和政体。第三批是斯堪的纳维亚人，他们对词汇以及北部的地名造成了一定的影响。第四批是诺曼人，他们留下了城堡和食物名称的词语。
如果你到英国乡间去看看，你就会发现所有这些入侵者的痕迹。如果要使你的英国之旅愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。
阅读理解
A
I came from a small country in East Africa with a refugee(难民) background.Before the airplane landed in Melbourne, I set two goals.One was to complete my Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering and the other one was to help my parents back home so that they would have a secure future.
I arrived on November 12, 1994.The next day, I enrolled_in Bachelor’s Degree courses in Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Victoria University of Technology.It took me five years to finish all the courses and then I continued completing my Master’s Degree in Engineering.
I also spent my time in Melbourne on a volunteer activity mainly helping refugees.I also helped their young children to get rid of bad habits and focus on education.I did about 14 different types of jobs to support myself and my family.I worked as a taxi driver and during that time, I learned to be patient and also improved my communication skills and the ability to deal with hard clients.I worked as a pizza delivery man, a technician, a cleaner, a guide, and many others.Each step in my life, I tried my best to learn something new and I believe that shaped my life at the end and made me a better man.
Throughout these years, I have achieved several Education Scholarships and National Awards.I love my life in Australia and I am now helping many kids in my spare time.I teach children and also elderly people from Africa.I have brought my parents to live with me here.I have my own house and a family with three beautiful kids.
My advice to young people is, “Do one thing at a time and put your effort into the thing you do.You will find at the end the result will be a positive one.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者去澳洲后的生活经历——只要全身心地投入你想做的事，就一定会有好结果。
1．Why did the author come to Melbourne?
A．To make the most of his own talent.
B．For further studies and his parents’ life.
C．To change poor people’s future in his country.
D．For improvements in his communication skills.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“One was to complete...have a secure future.”可知，作者去墨尔本是为了进一步的深造和改善他父母的生活。
2．What does the underlined phrase “enrolled in” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Dropped out of. B．Arranged to join.
C．Took charge of. D．Agreed to test.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境可知，作者去澳洲求学，到那的第二天，他就到学校注册修读一些课程。由此可推断，画线词意为“注册(学习)”。
3．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 3?
A．His family led a very poor life.
B．It is important to be a better man.
C．There are many refugees in Melbourne.
D．He learned a lot from his work experiences.
D 解析：推理判断题。第三段作者主要讲述了自己的一些工作经历，由最后一句可知，他从这些工作经历中学到了很多东西。
4．What does the author think of his present life?
A．Busy but interesting.
B．Meaningful and satisfying.
C．Rich but boring.
D．Special and unexpected.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容尤其是“I love my life in Australia”可知，作者现在事业有成，家庭幸福，同时他还在继续帮助他人，他觉得自己生活得很有意义且对自己的生活感到满足。
B
Many Americans who love tea would laugh at the idea of adding milk to it.Brits, on the other hand, are known for loving strong tea with milk.But with or without milk, tea is tea.It’s served one way in Britain and another way in the United States, but everyone can recognize it for what it is.The language that Americans and Brits speak differently is a bit like that—understandable to both groups of speakers.
As colonists(殖民者) in America didn’t have the ease of communication and transportation available today, they couldn’t keep in touch with their grandparents in Europe.People in America first noticed that their English was special about one hundred years after settling in Jamestown.Faced with Native Americans as well as with immigrants(移民) from Germany, France, and other countries, the settlers had to create original words to adapt to their new society.
Some words exist in both British English and American English, but they mean divergent things.For example, if you requested a caretaker in England, you might be introduced to someone who cleans a building.To Americans, a caretaker is someone who takes care of someone, such as a child or a sick person, or who looks after something while the owner is away.
One man is responsible for many of the spelling differences that exist between American and British English.His name is Noah Webster—the same Webster of Webster’s Dictionary.He decided that Americans should be independent, not only politically, but also lexically(词汇上)．That’s why you’ll notice an extra U in some British words like colour, armour, and humour.American English tends to end words with-ize rather than the British-ise.The-er ending of words like theater and center is reversed(颠倒的) in British English words.
Apart from vocabulary and spelling differences in both languages, what people care most is the grammar rules, which are easy to understand but kind of hard to master.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语的部分区别。
5．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．American people are unfamiliar with tea culture.
B．British people have a better taste than Americans.
C．The differences between British and American English are acceptable.
D．There are more British English speakers than American English speakers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“everyone can recognize it for what it is...understandable to both groups of speakers”可知，人们认可英式英语和美式英语的差异。
6．Why did the settlers in America create their original words?
A．To learn the special culture of Native Americans.
B．To improve the connection with European countries.
C．To deal with the difficulty in learning standard English.
D．To communicate with people from various backgrounds.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Faced with Native Americans as well as with immigrants(移民) from...adapt to their new society.”可知，美国定居者创造出一些自己的文字是为方便和来自各种背景的人交流。
7．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “divergent” in Paragraph 3?
A．Common. B．Different.
C．Useful. D．Terrible.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的例子“if you requested a caretaker in England...something while the owner is away”可知，同一个caretaker在英美英语中有截然不同的意思，由此可推断divergent在此处意为“不同的，迥异的”。
8．What is Webster’s contribution to American English?
A．He led the use of right dictionaries.
B．He brought in some new pronunciations.
C．He encouraged unique American spellings.
D．He made American English easy to understand.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“He decided that Americans should be independent...but also lexically(词汇上)．”可知，韦伯斯特致力于保持美式英语的独特性。
完形填空
What does a candle have to do with faith(信念)? In my life, quite a lot.
One spring day years ago, the weather had been cloudy and threatening.As evening approached, the wind began to __1__， shaking the trees.A constant patter(滴答声) of rain __2__ on the roof.Then the long and low sound of thunder and lightning broke the growing darkness.
I wasn’t __3__； storms didn’t usually make it to the __4__ level, even during spring.But this storm proved to be different. __5__ the weather worsened, we lost cable TV. Then the light __6__．Our two youngest sons ran downstairs.It was still too early to go to bed, so we __7__ a family game night.
We missed the __8__ of our oldest son since he was away on duty, __9__we still passed a pleasant evening playing games by candlelight.We made some new __10__ and discussed how we’d share that experience with him by letter.
The storm __11__ passed, but there were still no lights.We all settled in for a good night’s sleep.As I __12__ in the dark, remembering the day, I became __13__ that perhaps faith in these difficult times was a lot like being forced to __14__ candlelight.Although everything takes a little more __15__， the memories can still be __16__ and the joy can still be full.
__17__ sometimes seems to surround us, but as long as we have that __18__ of faith in heart, nothing can hurt us.I slept peacefully on those __19__， and the next day the lights returned.But before that night I had __20__ looked at the light of candle in quite the same way.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者与家人一起度过了一个难忘的雨夜，她意识到：黑暗中只要心存信念，就没有什么能难倒我们。
1．A.give in B．break up
C．pick up D．die away
C 解析：根据下文可知，天气变得越来越恶劣，可推测接近傍晚时风开始增强。pick up这里意为“增强”。
2．A.danced B．talked
C．laughed D．cried
A 解析：此处描写的是雨滴落在屋顶上再反弹起来的画面——雨滴在屋顶飞舞。
3．A.puzzled B．alarmed
C．curious D．excited
B 解析：根据下文推知，此时作者还没有警觉起来，因为即使在春天，也不会下很大的雨。
4．A.similar B．basic
C．ordinary D．serious
D 解析：此处解释作者没有警觉的原因——雨通常不会到这么严重的程度。
5．A.Although B．Until
C．As D．Unless
C 解析：根据语境可知，随着天气变得越来越恶劣，他们甚至不能看有线电视了。
6．A.shined B．disappeared
C．reflected D．remained
B 解析：他们不能看电视了，不久后灯也灭了。
7．A.announced B．wasted
C．ignored D．refused
A 解析：作者认为睡觉还早，于是大家宣布在烛光下玩游戏来度过这个夜晚。
8．A.praise B．support
C．company D．courage
C 解析：根据下文“since he was away on duty”可知，我们没有大儿子的陪伴。company意为“陪伴”。
9．A.or B．so
C．and D．but
D 解析：前文提到没有大儿子的陪伴，应该很遗憾，后文又说在游戏中度过了一个愉快的夜晚，两句之间存在转折关系，故用but连接。
10．A.friends B．stories
C．memories D．comments
C 解析：这是一个不同寻常之夜，因此给他们留下了一些美好的回忆。
11．A.finally B．simply
C．naturally D．hardly
A 解析：暴风雨最终过去了，但还是没有电。
12．A.sat B．lay
C．stood D．walked
B 解析：结合上文“We all settled in for a good night’s sleep.”可推断，作者此时是躺着的。
13．A.positive B．doubtful
C．sure D．aware
D 解析：作者在漆黑的夜晚躺着思考的时候，意识到了下文所提到的道理。
14．A.rely on B．wait for
C．use up D．bring up
A 解析：作者意识到了困难时期心存信念，正如黑暗中依靠烛光一样。
15．A.money B．effort
C．luck D．patience
B 解析：这里照应前文，尽管困难时期需要付出更多努力，但回忆充满了喜悦之情。
16．A.easy B．different
C．sweet D．limited
C 解析：结合前文的but，对照下文的“the joy can still be full”， 此处指这些记忆是美好的。
17．A.Darkness B．Kindness
C．Loneliness D．Happiness
A 解析：作者回想今夜黑暗中的经过，于是感叹：有时候我们会被黑暗包围。
18．A.promise B．flame
C．sound D．dream
B 解析：只要心中有信念之光，就没有什么事情能伤害我们。
19．A.suggestions B．judgments
C．guesses D．thoughts
D 解析：根据上文所说的那些感悟可知，作者伴着这些想法平静地入睡了。
20．A.ever B．often
C．never D．just
C 解析：在那晚之前，作者从来没有仔细思考过烛光的意义所在。
课件52张PPT。Unit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United KingdomUnit 2 The United Kingdom本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
I came from a small country in East Africa with a refugee(难民) background.Before the airplane landed in Melbourne, I set two goals.One was to complete my Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering and the other one was to help my parents back home so that they would have a secure future.
I arrived on November 12, 1994.The next day, I enrolled_in Bachelor’s Degree courses in Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Victoria University of Technology.It took me five years to finish all the courses and then I continued completing my Master’s Degree in Engineering.
I also spent my time in Melbourne on a volunteer activity mainly helping refugees.I also helped their young children to get rid of bad habits and focus on education.I did about 14 different types of jobs to support myself and my family.I worked as a taxi driver and during that time, I learned to be patient and also improved my communication skills and the ability to deal with hard clients.I worked as a pizza delivery man, a technician, a cleaner, a guide, and many others.Each step in my life, I tried my best to learn something new and I believe that shaped my life at the end and made me a better man.
Throughout these years, I have achieved several Education Scholarships and National Awards.I love my life in Australia and I am now helping many kids in my spare time.I teach children and also elderly people from Africa.I have brought my parents to live with me here.I have my own house and a family with three beautiful kids.
My advice to young people is, “Do one thing at a time and put your effort into the thing you do.You will find at the end the result will be a positive one.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者去澳洲后的生活经历——只要全身心地投入你想做的事，就一定会有好结果。
1．Why did the author come to Melbourne?
A．To make the most of his own talent.
B．For further studies and his parents’ life.
C．To change poor people’s future in his country.
D．For improvements in his communication skills.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“One was to complete...have a secure future.”可知，作者去墨尔本是为了进一步的深造和改善他父母的生活。
2．What does the underlined phrase “enrolled in” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Dropped out of. B．Arranged to join.
C．Took charge of. D．Agreed to test.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境可知，作者去澳洲求学，到那的第二天，他就到学校注册修读一些课程。由此可推断，画线词意为“注册(学习)”。
3．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 3?
A．His family led a very poor life.
B．It is important to be a better man.
C．There are many refugees in Melbourne.
D．He learned a lot from his work experiences.
D 解析：推理判断题。第三段作者主要讲述了自己的一些工作经历，由最后一句可知，他从这些工作经历中学到了很多东西。
4．What does the author think of his present life?
A．Busy but interesting.
B．Meaningful and satisfying.
C．Rich but boring.
D．Special and unexpected.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容尤其是“I love my life in Australia”可知，作者现在事业有成，家庭幸福，同时他还在继续帮助他人，他觉得自己生活得很有意义且对自己的生活感到满足。
B
Many Americans who love tea would laugh at the idea of adding milk to it.Brits, on the other hand, are known for loving strong tea with milk.But with or without milk, tea is tea.It’s served one way in Britain and another way in the United States, but everyone can recognize it for what it is.The language that Americans and Brits speak differently is a bit like that—understandable to both groups of speakers.
As colonists(殖民者) in America didn’t have the ease of communication and transportation available today, they couldn’t keep in touch with their grandparents in Europe.People in America first noticed that their English was special about one hundred years after settling in Jamestown.Faced with Native Americans as well as with immigrants(移民) from Germany, France, and other countries, the settlers had to create original words to adapt to their new society.
Some words exist in both British English and American English, but they mean divergent things.For example, if you requested a caretaker in England, you might be introduced to someone who cleans a building.To Americans, a caretaker is someone who takes care of someone, such as a child or a sick person, or who looks after something while the owner is away.
One man is responsible for many of the spelling differences that exist between American and British English.His name is Noah Webster—the same Webster of Webster’s Dictionary.He decided that Americans should be independent, not only politically, but also lexically(词汇上)．That’s why you’ll notice an extra U in some British words like colour, armour, and humour.American English tends to end words with-ize rather than the British-ise.The-er ending of words like theater and center is reversed(颠倒的) in British English words.
Apart from vocabulary and spelling differences in both languages, what people care most is the grammar rules, which are easy to understand but kind of hard to master.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语的部分区别。
5．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．American people are unfamiliar with tea culture.
B．British people have a better taste than Americans.
C．The differences between British and American English are acceptable.
D．There are more British English speakers than American English speakers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“everyone can recognize it for what it is...understandable to both groups of speakers”可知，人们认可英式英语和美式英语的差异。
6．Why did the settlers in America create their original words?
A．To learn the special culture of Native Americans.
B．To improve the connection with European countries.
C．To deal with the difficulty in learning standard English.
D．To communicate with people from various backgrounds.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Faced with Native Americans as well as with immigrants(移民) from...adapt to their new society.”可知，美国定居者创造出一些自己的文字是为方便和来自各种背景的人交流。
7．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “divergent” in Paragraph 3?
A．Common. B．Different.
C．Useful. D．Terrible.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的例子“if you requested a caretaker in England...something while the owner is away”可知，同一个caretaker在英美英语中有截然不同的意思，由此可推断divergent在此处意为“不同的，迥异的”。
8．What is Webster’s contribution to American English?
A．He led the use of right dictionaries.
B．He brought in some new pronunciations.
C．He encouraged unique American spellings.
D．He made American English easy to understand.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“He decided that Americans should be independent...but also lexically(词汇上)．”可知，韦伯斯特致力于保持美式英语的独特性。
完形填空
What does a candle have to do with faith(信念)? In my life, quite a lot.
One spring day years ago, the weather had been cloudy and threatening.As evening approached, the wind began to __1__， shaking the trees.A constant patter(滴答声) of rain __2__ on the roof.Then the long and low sound of thunder and lightning broke the growing darkness.
I wasn’t __3__； storms didn’t usually make it to the __4__ level, even during spring.But this storm proved to be different. __5__ the weather worsened, we lost cable TV. Then the light __6__．Our two youngest sons ran downstairs.It was still too early to go to bed, so we __7__ a family game night.
We missed the __8__ of our oldest son since he was away on duty, __9__we still passed a pleasant evening playing games by candlelight.We made some new __10__ and discussed how we’d share that experience with him by letter.
The storm __11__ passed, but there were still no lights.We all settled in for a good night’s sleep.As I __12__ in the dark, remembering the day, I became __13__ that perhaps faith in these difficult times was a lot like being forced to __14__ candlelight.Although everything takes a little more __15__， the memories can still be __16__ and the joy can still be full.
__17__ sometimes seems to surround us, but as long as we have that __18__ of faith in heart, nothing can hurt us.I slept peacefully on those __19__， and the next day the lights returned.But before that night I had __20__ looked at the light of candle in quite the same way.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者与家人一起度过了一个难忘的雨夜，她意识到：黑暗中只要心存信念，就没有什么能难倒我们。
1．A.give in B．break up
C．pick up D．die away
C 解析：根据下文可知，天气变得越来越恶劣，可推测接近傍晚时风开始增强。pick up这里意为“增强”。
2．A.danced B．talked
C．laughed D．cried
A 解析：此处描写的是雨滴落在屋顶上再反弹起来的画面——雨滴在屋顶飞舞。
3．A.puzzled B．alarmed
C．curious D．excited
B 解析：根据下文推知，此时作者还没有警觉起来，因为即使在春天，也不会下很大的雨。
4．A.similar B．basic
C．ordinary D．serious
D 解析：此处解释作者没有警觉的原因——雨通常不会到这么严重的程度。
5．A.Although B．Until
C．As D．Unless
C 解析：根据语境可知，随着天气变得越来越恶劣，他们甚至不能看有线电视了。
6．A.shined B．disappeared
C．reflected D．remained
B 解析：他们不能看电视了，不久后灯也灭了。
7．A.announced B．wasted
C．ignored D．refused
A 解析：作者认为睡觉还早，于是大家宣布在烛光下玩游戏来度过这个夜晚。
8．A.praise B．support
C．company D．courage
C 解析：根据下文“since he was away on duty”可知，我们没有大儿子的陪伴。company意为“陪伴”。
9．A.or B．so
C．and D．but
D 解析：前文提到没有大儿子的陪伴，应该很遗憾，后文又说在游戏中度过了一个愉快的夜晚，两句之间存在转折关系，故用but连接。
10．A.friends B．stories
C．memories D．comments
C 解析：这是一个不同寻常之夜，因此给他们留下了一些美好的回忆。
11．A.finally B．simply
C．naturally D．hardly
A 解析：暴风雨最终过去了，但还是没有电。
12．A.sat B．lay
C．stood D．walked
B 解析：结合上文“We all settled in for a good night’s sleep.”可推断，作者此时是躺着的。
13．A.positive B．doubtful
C．sure D．aware
D 解析：作者在漆黑的夜晚躺着思考的时候，意识到了下文所提到的道理。
14．A.rely on B．wait for
C．use up D．bring up
A 解析：作者意识到了困难时期心存信念，正如黑暗中依靠烛光一样。
15．A.money B．effort
C．luck D．patience
B 解析：这里照应前文，尽管困难时期需要付出更多努力，但回忆充满了喜悦之情。
16．A.easy B．different
C．sweet D．limited
C 解析：结合前文的but，对照下文的“the joy can still be full”， 此处指这些记忆是美好的。
17．A.Darkness B．Kindness
C．Loneliness D．Happiness
A 解析：作者回想今夜黑暗中的经过，于是感叹：有时候我们会被黑暗包围。
18．A.promise B．flame
C．sound D．dream
B 解析：只要心中有信念之光，就没有什么事情能伤害我们。
19．A.suggestions B．judgments
C．guesses D．thoughts
D 解析：根据上文所说的那些感悟可知，作者伴着这些想法平静地入睡了。
20．A.ever B．often
C．never D．just
C 解析：在那晚之前，作者从来没有仔细思考过烛光的意义所在。
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
consist of 由……组成
(教材P9)How many countries does the UK consist of？ 联合王国由几个国家组成？
(1)consist in 主要在于； 存在于
consist with 和……一致； 并存； 相符
(2)be made up of 由……组成
①As far as I know, this club consists of eight members.
据我所知， 这个俱乐部有八个成员组成。
②As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist with his promises.
据我所知，他是一个行为与承诺不一致的人。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The medical team, consisting(consist) of five doctors and ten nurses, is to be sent to the flooded area.
②Do remember that your ideal life does not always consist with reality.
[链接写作]——一句多译
生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。
③Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.
④Life is_made_up_of not only sunshine but also hard times.
⑤Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.
divide...into 把……分成
(教材P9)England can be divided into three main areas. 英格兰可分成三个主要地区。
(1)divide sth.between/among... 在……之间分配某物；由……分享某物
divide sth. in half/into halves 把……分成两半
(2)divide(...into...)常指把某个整体划分为若干部分
separate(...from...)表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来。
①Let’s divide these students into small groups for oral practice.
让我们把这些学生分成小组做口语练习。
②England is separated from France by the English Channel.
英国和法国被英吉利海峡分开。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①As the work can be divided among/between several people, it can be done efficiently.
②As we all know, a year is_divided(divide) into four seasons.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③老师把全班同学分成四组来讨论这个话题。
The teacher had_divided_the_whole_class_into_four_groups to discuss the topic.
accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现
(教材P10)Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. 所幸的是，当苏格兰的国王詹姆斯也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。
(1)accomplish a task 完成任务
(2)accomplishment n. 成就
accomplished adj. 技艺高超的
①Thanks to your help, I’ve accomplished my task in advance.
多亏你的帮助，我已经提前完成了我的任务。
②Nursing gave her a sense of accomplishment.
护理工作让她有了成就感。
[链接写作]——词汇/句式升级
(普通表达)We can finish our task only when we all work together.
(高级表达)Only_when_we_all_work_together_can_we_accomplish_our_task.(倒装句型)
conflict n．[C，U]冲突；矛盾 vi.(两种思想、信仰、说法等的)冲突；抵触
(经典例句)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。
(1)in conflict with 与……冲突/矛盾
come into conflict with sb. 与某人发生冲突/争执
(2)conflict with 与……冲突
①The two countries have been in conflict with each other for decades. 这两个国家的冲突已有几十年了。
②His opinions conflicted with mine, which surprised me very much. 他的意见和我的不一致，这使我很吃惊。
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
她是一位谦虚诚实的人，不愿意与周围的人发生冲突。
①(普通表达)She is an honest and modest person. She is_unwilling_to_come_into_conflict_with the people around her.
②(高级表达)She is an honest and modest person, who_is_unwilling_to_come_into_conflict_with the people around her.(定语从句)
break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离；打破(陈规陋习等)
(教材P10)However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.
然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意组建联合王国，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。
break down 损坏； 发生故障； 分解； 累垮
break into 破门而入
break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生
break up 结束； 破裂
①It took great courage to break away from his family at that time. 在那时与家庭决裂需要勇气。
②With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to break away from the Union. 因为有这么多问题尚未解决，所以有些国家想要脱离联邦。
[即学即练]——用break的相关短语填空
①If you go on working like that, you will break_down sooner or later.
②A fire broke_out in this hotel last night and three people were killed.
③The room is in a mess. It must have been broken_into．
④In my opinion，marriage based on money is likely to break_up．
convenience n．便利；方便；便利设施
(教材P10)England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.
在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。
(1)for convenience 为了方便
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
(2)inconvenience n. 不方便； 不便
inconvenient adj. 不方便的
(3)convenient adj. 方便的
It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是方便的。
①If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience.
如果你感兴趣，请尽早发申请邮件。
②I’m convinced that it will be more convenient for people to do some shopping online in the future.
我相信未来人们网上购物会变得更加方便。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I would be very grateful if you could inform me of your decisions at your earliest convenience(convenient)．
②In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China have been suffering from heavy fogs, causing great inconvenience(convenient) to people.
③If it is convenient(convenience) for you, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)我想知道你是否有空与我们一起参观展览。
I wonder if it_is_convenient_for_you_to_join_us in visiting the exhibition.
attract vt.吸引；引起注意
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The exhibition，to be held in the City Hall of Xi’an, will attract a large number of visitors at home and abroad. 将在西安市政大厅举办的展览将吸引来自国内外的大量游客。
(1)attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
(2)attraction n. 有趣的东西； 吸引人之物
a tourist attraction 旅游景点
(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的
①The company is starting a new advertising campaign to attract new customers to its stores. 这家公司发起了新一轮广告活动来吸引新的顾客到其商店。
②What attracted me most was her sense of humour and enthusiasm. 最吸引我的是她的幽默和热情。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①To_attract(attract) more consumers, many online shops provide great discounts on Single’s Day.
②(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attraction(attract)．
③Mount Tai is attractive(attract) to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)The girl was_attracted_by_the_beauty_of_nature(被自然美景所吸引), so she decided to spend another two days.
⑤(高级表达)Attracted_by_the_beauty_of_nature,_the girl decided to spend another two days.(过去分词作状语)
leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑；忽视
[一词多义]——写出下列句中leave out的含义
①You must be careful to make sure none of the names are left out. 遗漏
②He felt left out in the class, for he had no one to talk with. 忽略
③Whenever you say something, never leave out the others’ feelings. 不考虑
leave...alone 不管；别惹；让……独自待着；不打扰
leave behind 忘带；把(某人)抛在后面
leave for 动身到(某处)
[即学即练]——用leave的相关短语填空
④You left_out the main content in the meeting, so I’m afraid you haven’t clarified your view.
⑤More and more attention has been attracted to the fact that many children are left_behind in the countryside when their parents flood into cities for jobs.
⑥I’m leaving_for Beijing to attend an important international meeting.
find＋n./pron.＋宾语补足语，意为“发现……处于……状态”
(教材P10)Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 如今当人们说到英格兰时，你就会发现威尔士也被包括在内。
find复合宾语的结构：
find＋宾语＋
①When he arrived, he found all the work finished.
当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。
②Just the next morning, I found my mother not feeling well. 就在第二天早上，我发现妈妈不舒服。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①After walking for a while, the travelers found themselves lost(lose) in the forest.
②I found my wallet stolen(steal) when I got to the cinema.
③When the little boy woke up, he found himself lying(lie) in hospital.
④If a cook is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen, he’ll be fired.
It is a pity that...令人同情的是……；令人遗憾的是……
(教材P10)It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客没有什么吸引力。
(1)It is a pity that...意为“令人同情的是……；令人遗憾的是……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
(2)It is a pity＋that sb. should do sth.遗憾的是……；某人竟然……
(3)It is a pity (for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事很遗憾/可惜”。
①It is a pity that many of us failed the final examination.
真是遗憾，我们中有很多人期末考试不及格。
②It is a pity that you should miss such a good chance.
真可惜，你竟然错过了这么好的机会。
[链接写作]——完成句子
遗憾的是许多人因为各种各样的原因春节不能回家陪伴父母。
It_is_a_pity_that some people can’t go back home to keep their parents company at the Spring Festival for all kinds of reasons.
品句填词
1．Mary made a list of all the tasks she needed to finish last week and divided(分开，分成) them into small ones.
2．They were unwilling(不愿意的) to accept the fact that their son died in the battle.
3．The company is very large and it has more than 100 branches nationwide(全国范围内)．
4．The teacher’s explanation has clarified(澄清) the puzzling problem.
5．It all depends on the type of conflict(冲突) and how you want it resolved.
6．Roughly(粗略地) speaking, I would say that about 100 people attended the meeting.
7．The museum in London is the world’s most important collection(收集) of material relating to the great Victorian novelist.
8．In our supermarket we have provided seats for the convenience(便利) of our customers.
9．The story that he saved the little boy’s life has attracted(引起) a lot of interest from the media.
10．The student accomplished(完成) the difficult task in less than ten minutes, which surprised us all.
单句改错
1．If you want your journey to Xi’an enjoyable and worthy, you have to keep your eyes opened.
opened→open
2．When the teacher praises those who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom including as well.including→included
3．This kind of material can be divided rough into two main classes.rough→roughly
4．Conflict with others are common in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.Conflict→Conflicts
5．Much for Tu Youyou’s credit, she won the Nobel Prize in 2015.for→to
课文语法填空
Why do people use different words to describe the UK?
1．To_clarify(clarify) this question, we can study British history.First there was England.Then Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland were linked 2.to it.At last the United Kingdom 3.was_founded(found) in the early 20th century, 4.whose new flag is called the Union Jack.To their credit, the four countries do work together in some areas, 5.but they still have very different institutions.
England is the 6.largest(large) of the four countries.For convenience, it’s divided 7.roughly(rough) into three zones. They are the South of England, the Midlands and the North, with most of the population in the south and most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.
As the centre of national government and its administration, London has the greatest 8.historical(history) treasure of all and there are many museums, art 9.collections(collect), theatres, parks and buildings.There have been four sets of invaders of England.The Romans left their towns and roads.The Anglo-Saxons left their language and government.The Vikings 10.influenced(influence) the vocabulary and place-names.The Normans left castles and introduced new words for food.
单句语法填空
1．The members of the team are completely united(unite) in their common goal.
2．Now that your son is unwilling(will) to learn to play the piano, you’d better not push him.
3．Having_clarified(clarify) his opinion of the incident, Mr.Smith sat down and listened to others’．
4．While enjoying the convenience(convenient) of the Internet, we should learn how to handle the problems it has caused.
5．There are different kinds of flowers in the park, attracting(attract) lots of visitors every day.
6．Mr.Zhang always makes his lessons enjoyable(enjoy) through different methods.
7．Be confident, and accomplishing(accomplish) your goals will be just around the corner.
8．The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s splendid tourist attractions(attract)．
9．The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.
10．He pushed her roughly(rough) out of the way.
阅读理解
A
The North Pole has fascinated polar explorers for over a century—they all want to be the first to arrive there.
In 1969, British man Sir Wally Herbert was the first confirmed person to reach the North Pole on foot—with a team of dogs.And American Ann Bancroft was the first woman to trek(艰苦跋涉) there in 1986, as part of an expedition team led by Will Steger—also the first team to do so without supplies.And in 2006, Eric Larsen together with Lonnie Dupre, became the first to reach the North Pole on foot during the summer—when sea ice is looser than usual—in an attempt to raise awareness of climate change.
In fact, Eric Larsen did not grow up in an environment of polar exploration, though he found himself looking for a job as musher(赶狗拉雪橇的人)．Then he got a chance to travel to Arctic, which made his short trips become longer trips, and become bigger expeditions later.
On the job training, Larsen was trained to adapt to the cold outdoor lifestyle and polar exploration culture.Once he arrived in Arctic, he was instantly hooked．And from then on, he started his expedition.
It was Will Steger who led the first unsupported North Pole expedition in 1986 that really inspired Larsen. “He is probably one of the biggest modern-day pioneers of polar exploration, ” Larsen says.
Larsen has since been to the North Pole a few times, was among the first mountaineers to reach the top of Jabou Ri in Nepal in 2015, and even made an attempt to be the first person to bike across Antarctica to the South Pole in 2012.He’s also the first to have trekked to the North Pole, the South Pole, and the top of Everest—within the span(跨度) of one year.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Eric Larsen的探险经历。
1．What do people mentioned in Paragraph 2 have in common?
A．Exploring the North Pole by ship.
B．Reaching the North Pole in the same century.
C．Working on raising awareness of climate change.
D．Being the first to explore the North Pole in different ways.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的叙述可知，文章提到的这些人的共同点就是：以这样或那样的方式成为第一个到达北极探险的人。
2．What is the main cause of Eric Larsen becoming an explorer?
A．His on-the-job training.
B．His traveling to the Arctic.
C．His job-hunting experience.
D．His living environment in childhood.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then he got a chance to travel to Arctic...became bigger expeditions later.”及第四段的“Once he arrived...started his expedition.”可知，真正让他成为一名探险者的是他后来有机会去北极。
3．What does the underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Attracted. B．Disturbed.
C．Rescued. D．Abandoned.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的“And from then, he started his expedition.”及第六段的探险经历可推知，Larsen一到北极就被吸引住了，从此开始了他的探险之旅。
4．What does Larsen think of Will Steger’s expedition?
A．Normal. B．Dangerous.
C．Admirable. D．Expensive.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“He is probably one of the biggest modern-day pioneers of polar exploration”可知，Larsen觉得Will Steger的北极探险是令人敬佩的。
B
International model United Nations meetings are events at which high school and college students from all over the world play the role of UN representatives. These meetings are largely based on the real United Nations. They are even divided into many of the same groups, such as the UN Security Council and the World Health Organization. The events allow students to develop and strengthen skills that are important for international careers, such as politics or international law.
One of the main goals of the meetings is to develop effective(有效的) communication skills. Because of this, students take part in many presentations(陈述), debates, and written research tasks. For example, at the end of every meeting, each student group writes a suggestion for solving one major world problem that they have learned about through their research tasks. These groups then discuss their suggestion with the rest of the student representatives in order to get them to support it. They may also discuss and solve invented problems, such as imaginary wars or natural disasters. Such activities challenge students’ abilities to express their thoughts in a clear, thoughtful way.
In addition to working on basic communication, students at the meetings try to express themselves in polite ways that help to solve problems. This is perhaps the most difficult task for real UN delegates(代表), so model UN organizers put great importance on it. The organizers strongly encourage students to try to understand the ideas of others, consider their feelings, and agree on solutions.
The meetings are also designed to help students become more open-minded. Students often play the role of representatives for countries other than their own. This encourages them to learn more about other cultures and to think about important problems in different ways. While pretending to be from a different country, students are receiving a lot of ideas and information that they would not normally consider. Usually, they come away with a much better understanding of people in different cultures. This experience often gives them an advantage over schoolmates who only learn about world events and international relations in traditional classrooms.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。模拟联合国会议可以帮助参与其中的学生培养良好的沟通技巧、用礼貌的方式表达自己，并且可以开阔学生的视野。
5．Why do students at model UN meetings take part in debates?
A．To learn good communication skills.
B．To help them decide between careers.
C．To get other students to support them.
D．To find solutions to major world problems.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“...to develop effective(有效的) communication skills. Because of this, students take part in many presentations(陈述), debates, and written research tasks.”可知，学生在模拟联合国会议中参加很多的陈述、辩论和书面的研究任务，是为了培养有效的交流技巧。
6．Why do students play the role of representatives for other countries?
A．To learn to communicate politely.
B．To put themselves in others’ shoes.
C．To consider problems in new ways.
D．To decide which culture is the best.
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“This encourages them to learn more about other cultures and to think about important problems in different ways.”可知，在模拟联合国会议中，学生经常扮演别国代表，这样做能够鼓励他们更多地了解其他国家的文化，并且用不同的方式去思考问题。
7．What does the author say about students learning only in traditional classrooms?
A．They are given a lot of information.
B．They don’t learn about international events.
C．It’s easy for them to understand their classmates.
D．It can be hard for them to understand other cultures.
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“...students are receiving a lot of ideas and information... they come away with a much better understanding of people in different cultures.”可知，参加模拟联合国会议的学生能够接触很多观点和信息，并且他们会对来自不同文化背景的人有更好的理解，这使得他们比只在传统课堂了解世界大事和国际关系的同学更有优势。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why viewpoints are changing at the UN.
B．How to solve invented problems at the UN.
C．What students learn at model UN conferences.
D．Which countries take part in model UN meetings.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了模拟联合国会议有助于学生培养有效的沟通技巧、用礼貌的方式表达自己，以及开阔视野。
七选五
You probably know that exercise is the key to treating depression(沮丧), but a bigger fact remains: You don’t feel like exercising. Here are some tips to help you start exercising.
Change your view of “exercise”．
Forget “exercise”. Instead think: “being active” or “having fun”. 1．________ Besides, it gives you a bigger emotional(情感上的) benefit.
2．________
Taking part in physical activities with others supports you in doing those activities. Ask friends what activities they’re doing or they would like to do, and join them. You can also find a personal trainer, join an exercise group or go to a class.
Keep moving throughout the day.
Sitting is the new smoking. 3.________ Try to keep exercising throughout your day. If you have a desk job, get up and walk around. Every 20 minutes stretch(伸展) your hands, arms and back or more frequently, if you can.
Take exercise outside.
Nature has a great effect on your mood and it can relax you. Even just looking at images of lakes and trees helps. 4.________ Or walk on a treadmill(跑步机) by a window.
Set a goal.
When you connect your exercise to a long-term goal, it helps your brain forget the discomfort and makes your exercise more satisfying. Find out what’s truly important to you. 5.________
A．Do exercise with others.
B．In other words, it’s bad for you.
C．Sign up and go to exercise classes.
D．It’s a lot easier to do something simple.
E．Remind yourself of your goal regularly.
F．Take a walk around your neighborhood or a local park.
G．This increases your chance of actually moving your body.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种让你开始锻炼的方法。
1．G 解析：空白处前提到忘记运动，而要一心想着“积极”或者“玩得开心”。因为这样会加大你真正地运动你的身体的机会。G项中的This指代空前内容。
2．A 解析：本段主要讲可以和别人一起参加运动，A项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。
3．B 解析：空白处前提到坐着是一种新的吸烟方式，B项“换句话说，这对你不好”符合语境，进一步解释了空前句子。
4．F 解析：本段主旨是到户外做运动。F项“在你附近或公园散步”与本段主旨吻合，故选F项。
5．E 解析：本段主要讲了设立目标对运动的好处，所以要定期提醒自己设立的目标。
课件43张PPT。Unit 2 The United Kingdom本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Mary made a list of all the tasks she needed to finish last week and divided(分开，分成) them into small ones.
2．They were unwilling(不愿意的) to accept the fact that their son died in the battle.
3．The company is very large and it has more than 100 branches nationwide(全国范围内)．
4．The teacher’s explanation has clarified(澄清) the puzzling problem.
5．It all depends on the type of conflict(冲突) and how you want it resolved.
6．Roughly(粗略地) speaking, I would say that about 100 people attended the meeting.
7．The museum in London is the world’s most important collection(收集) of material relating to the great Victorian novelist.
8．In our supermarket we have provided seats for the convenience(便利) of our customers.
9．The story that he saved the little boy’s life has attracted(引起) a lot of interest from the media.
10．The student accomplished(完成) the difficult task in less than ten minutes, which surprised us all.
单句改错
1．If you want your journey to Xi’an enjoyable and worthy, you have to keep your eyes opened.
opened→open
2．When the teacher praises those who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom including as well.including→included
3．This kind of material can be divided rough into two main classes.rough→roughly
4．Conflict with others are common in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.Conflict→Conflicts
5．Much for Tu Youyou’s credit, she won the Nobel Prize in 2015.for→to
课文语法填空
Why do people use different words to describe the UK?
1．To_clarify(clarify) this question, we can study British history.First there was England.Then Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland were linked 2.to it.At last the United Kingdom 3.was_founded(found) in the early 20th century, 4.whose new flag is called the Union Jack.To their credit, the four countries do work together in some areas, 5.but they still have very different institutions.
England is the 6.largest(large) of the four countries.For convenience, it’s divided 7.roughly(rough) into three zones. They are the South of England, the Midlands and the North, with most of the population in the south and most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.
As the centre of national government and its administration, London has the greatest 8.historical(history) treasure of all and there are many museums, art 9.collections(collect), theatres, parks and buildings.There have been four sets of invaders of England.The Romans left their towns and roads.The Anglo-Saxons left their language and government.The Vikings 10.influenced(influence) the vocabulary and place-names.The Normans left castles and introduced new words for food.
单句语法填空
1．The members of the team are completely united(unite) in their common goal.
2．Now that your son is unwilling(will) to learn to play the piano, you’d better not push him.
3．Having_clarified(clarify) his opinion of the incident, Mr.Smith sat down and listened to others’．
4．While enjoying the convenience(convenient) of the Internet, we should learn how to handle the problems it has caused.
5．There are different kinds of flowers in the park, attracting(attract) lots of visitors every day.
6．Mr.Zhang always makes his lessons enjoyable(enjoy) through different methods.
7．Be confident, and accomplishing(accomplish) your goals will be just around the corner.
8．The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s splendid tourist attractions(attract)．
9．The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.
10．He pushed her roughly(rough) out of the way.
阅读理解
A
The North Pole has fascinated polar explorers for over a century—they all want to be the first to arrive there.
In 1969, British man Sir Wally Herbert was the first confirmed person to reach the North Pole on foot—with a team of dogs.And American Ann Bancroft was the first woman to trek(艰苦跋涉) there in 1986, as part of an expedition team led by Will Steger—also the first team to do so without supplies.And in 2006, Eric Larsen together with Lonnie Dupre, became the first to reach the North Pole on foot during the summer—when sea ice is looser than usual—in an attempt to raise awareness of climate change.
In fact, Eric Larsen did not grow up in an environment of polar exploration, though he found himself looking for a job as musher(赶狗拉雪橇的人)．Then he got a chance to travel to Arctic, which made his short trips become longer trips, and become bigger expeditions later.
On the job training, Larsen was trained to adapt to the cold outdoor lifestyle and polar exploration culture.Once he arrived in Arctic, he was instantly hooked．And from then on, he started his expedition.
It was Will Steger who led the first unsupported North Pole expedition in 1986 that really inspired Larsen. “He is probably one of the biggest modern-day pioneers of polar exploration, ” Larsen says.
Larsen has since been to the North Pole a few times, was among the first mountaineers to reach the top of Jabou Ri in Nepal in 2015, and even made an attempt to be the first person to bike across Antarctica to the South Pole in 2012.He’s also the first to have trekked to the North Pole, the South Pole, and the top of Everest—within the span(跨度) of one year.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Eric Larsen的探险经历。
1．What do people mentioned in Paragraph 2 have in common?
A．Exploring the North Pole by ship.
B．Reaching the North Pole in the same century.
C．Working on raising awareness of climate change.
D．Being the first to explore the North Pole in different ways.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的叙述可知，文章提到的这些人的共同点就是：以这样或那样的方式成为第一个到达北极探险的人。
2．What is the main cause of Eric Larsen becoming an explorer?
A．His on-the-job training.
B．His traveling to the Arctic.
C．His job-hunting experience.
D．His living environment in childhood.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then he got a chance to travel to Arctic...became bigger expeditions later.”及第四段的“Once he arrived...started his expedition.”可知，真正让他成为一名探险者的是他后来有机会去北极。
3．What does the underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Attracted. B．Disturbed.
C．Rescued. D．Abandoned.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的“And from then, he started his expedition.”及第六段的探险经历可推知，Larsen一到北极就被吸引住了，从此开始了他的探险之旅。
4．What does Larsen think of Will Steger’s expedition?
A．Normal. B．Dangerous.
C．Admirable. D．Expensive.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“He is probably one of the biggest modern-day pioneers of polar exploration”可知，Larsen觉得Will Steger的北极探险是令人敬佩的。
B
International model United Nations meetings are events at which high school and college students from all over the world play the role of UN representatives. These meetings are largely based on the real United Nations. They are even divided into many of the same groups, such as the UN Security Council and the World Health Organization. The events allow students to develop and strengthen skills that are important for international careers, such as politics or international law.
One of the main goals of the meetings is to develop effective(有效的) communication skills. Because of this, students take part in many presentations(陈述), debates, and written research tasks. For example, at the end of every meeting, each student group writes a suggestion for solving one major world problem that they have learned about through their research tasks. These groups then discuss their suggestion with the rest of the student representatives in order to get them to support it. They may also discuss and solve invented problems, such as imaginary wars or natural disasters. Such activities challenge students’ abilities to express their thoughts in a clear, thoughtful way.
In addition to working on basic communication, students at the meetings try to express themselves in polite ways that help to solve problems. This is perhaps the most difficult task for real UN delegates(代表), so model UN organizers put great importance on it. The organizers strongly encourage students to try to understand the ideas of others, consider their feelings, and agree on solutions.
The meetings are also designed to help students become more open-minded. Students often play the role of representatives for countries other than their own. This encourages them to learn more about other cultures and to think about important problems in different ways. While pretending to be from a different country, students are receiving a lot of ideas and information that they would not normally consider. Usually, they come away with a much better understanding of people in different cultures. This experience often gives them an advantage over schoolmates who only learn about world events and international relations in traditional classrooms.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。模拟联合国会议可以帮助参与其中的学生培养良好的沟通技巧、用礼貌的方式表达自己，并且可以开阔学生的视野。
5．Why do students at model UN meetings take part in debates?
A．To learn good communication skills.
B．To help them decide between careers.
C．To get other students to support them.
D．To find solutions to major world problems.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“...to develop effective(有效的) communication skills. Because of this, students take part in many presentations(陈述), debates, and written research tasks.”可知，学生在模拟联合国会议中参加很多的陈述、辩论和书面的研究任务，是为了培养有效的交流技巧。
6．Why do students play the role of representatives for other countries?
A．To learn to communicate politely.
B．To put themselves in others’ shoes.
C．To consider problems in new ways.
D．To decide which culture is the best.
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“This encourages them to learn more about other cultures and to think about important problems in different ways.”可知，在模拟联合国会议中，学生经常扮演别国代表，这样做能够鼓励他们更多地了解其他国家的文化，并且用不同的方式去思考问题。
7．What does the author say about students learning only in traditional classrooms?
A．They are given a lot of information.
B．They don’t learn about international events.
C．It’s easy for them to understand their classmates.
D．It can be hard for them to understand other cultures.
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“...students are receiving a lot of ideas and information... they come away with a much better understanding of people in different cultures.”可知，参加模拟联合国会议的学生能够接触很多观点和信息，并且他们会对来自不同文化背景的人有更好的理解，这使得他们比只在传统课堂了解世界大事和国际关系的同学更有优势。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why viewpoints are changing at the UN.
B．How to solve invented problems at the UN.
C．What students learn at model UN conferences.
D．Which countries take part in model UN meetings.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了模拟联合国会议有助于学生培养有效的沟通技巧、用礼貌的方式表达自己，以及开阔视野。
七选五
You probably know that exercise is the key to treating depression(沮丧), but a bigger fact remains: You don’t feel like exercising. Here are some tips to help you start exercising.
Change your view of “exercise”．
Forget “exercise”. Instead think: “being active” or “having fun”. 1．________ Besides, it gives you a bigger emotional(情感上的) benefit.
2．________
Taking part in physical activities with others supports you in doing those activities. Ask friends what activities they’re doing or they would like to do, and join them. You can also find a personal trainer, join an exercise group or go to a class.
Keep moving throughout the day.
Sitting is the new smoking. 3.________ Try to keep exercising throughout your day. If you have a desk job, get up and walk around. Every 20 minutes stretch(伸展) your hands, arms and back or more frequently, if you can.
Take exercise outside.
Nature has a great effect on your mood and it can relax you. Even just looking at images of lakes and trees helps. 4.________ Or walk on a treadmill(跑步机) by a window.
Set a goal.
When you connect your exercise to a long-term goal, it helps your brain forget the discomfort and makes your exercise more satisfying. Find out what’s truly important to you. 5.________
A．Do exercise with others.
B．In other words, it’s bad for you.
C．Sign up and go to exercise classes.
D．It’s a lot easier to do something simple.
E．Remind yourself of your goal regularly.
F．Take a walk around your neighborhood or a local park.
G．This increases your chance of actually moving your body.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种让你开始锻炼的方法。
1．G 解析：空白处前提到忘记运动，而要一心想着“积极”或者“玩得开心”。因为这样会加大你真正地运动你的身体的机会。G项中的This指代空前内容。
2．A 解析：本段主要讲可以和别人一起参加运动，A项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。
3．B 解析：空白处前提到坐着是一种新的吸烟方式，B项“换句话说，这对你不好”符合语境，进一步解释了空前句子。
4．F 解析：本段主旨是到户外做运动。F项“在你附近或公园散步”与本段主旨吻合，故选F项。
5．E 解析：本段主要讲了设立目标对运动的好处，所以要定期提醒自己设立的目标。
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1．quarrel n． 争吵；争论；吵架
vi. 争吵；吵架
2．alike adj. 相同的；类似的
3．fold vt. 折叠；对折
4．sightseeing n. 观光；游览
5．uniform n． 制服
6．splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
7．statue n. 塑像；雕像
8．wedding n. 婚礼
拓展词汇
9．description n．描写；描述→describe vt.描写；描述
10．furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的→furniture n．家具
11．possibility n．可能(性)→possible adj.可能的
12．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理→arrangement n．安排；筹备工作
13．delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delightful adj.令人喜悦的→delighted adj.高兴的；喜悦的
14．thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊 n．兴奋；激动→thrilling adj.惊险的；令人兴奋的→thrilled adj.极为激动的；非常兴奋的
阅读词汇
15．fax n． 传真(机)
vt. 用传真传输(文件)
16．royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的
17．plus prep. 加上；和
adj. 加的；正的；零上的
18．communism n． 共产主义
19．imaginary adj. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的
20．original adj. 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的
21．error n. 错误；过失；谬误
22．tense n. 时态
23．consistent adj. 一致的
重点短语
1．take_the_place_of 代替
2．break_down (机器)损坏；破坏
3．make_a_list_of 把……列出清单
4．to_one’s_surprise 令某人吃惊的是
5．in_memory_of 为纪念……
6．on_special_occasions 在特殊时刻
7．on_show 在展览
8．be_proud_of 为……感到自豪
重点句型
1．过去分词短语作状语，表示原因
Worried_about_the_time_available(由于担心时间不够), Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.
2．there位于句首的倒装句
There_followed(接着) St Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.
3．状语从句的省略
It looked splendid when_first_built(当建成的时候)!
4．It＋系动词＋adj.＋that...
It_seemed_strange_that(看起来奇怪) the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.
Read the passage and choose the best answer.
1．Why did Zhang Pingyu make a list of the sites before visiting London?
A．Because she was worried about the time available.
B．Because she wanted to visit more places.
C．Because she was afraid of being lost.
D．Because she liked London so much.
2．Which is wrong about the Tower of London?
A．It was built of stone.
B．It was built by the Norman invaders.
C．It was built in AD 1066.
D．It had remained standing for several thousand years.
3．What interested Zhang Pingyu most when she visited Greenwich?
A．The old ships.
B．The famous clock.
C．The longitude line.
D．Big Ben.
4．The passage is mainly about ________．
A．the route of Pingyu’s visit
B．some places of interest in London
C．the details of Pingyu’s trip
D．a brief introduction to London
答案：1－4.ADCB
①sightseeing[?sa?t'si???]n.观光；游览
②available[?'veIl?bl]adj.可用的；可得到的；可会见的
③delight[d?'la?t]n.快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜
④remain[rI'meIn]linking v. 仍然是；保持不变
⑤expand[Ik'sp?nd]vi.& vt.扩大；扩展
⑥royal['r???l]adj.王室的；皇家的；高贵的
⑦to her great surprise作状语，相当于much to her surprise“令她非常吃惊的是”。
⑧on special occasions在特殊的场合
occasion[?'ke??n]n.场合；机会
⑨uniform['ju?n?f??m]n．制服
⑩splendid['splend?d]adj.壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
?contain[k?n'te?n]v.包含，含有
?statue['st?t?u?]n.塑像；雕像
?in memory of为了纪念
?ring out(声音)响起；教堂鸣钟送走(旧岁)
?longitude['l?nd??tju?d]n.经线；经度
?imaginary[?'m?d??n?r?]
adj.想象中的；假想的；虚构的
?navigation[?n?v?'ɡe??n]n.导航；航行
?communism['k?mj?n?z?m]n．共产主义
?original[?'r?d??n?l]adj.最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的
?thrill[θr?l]vt.使激动；使胆战心惊
pot[p?t]n.罐；壶
on show展出中；陈列着
此处on show作后置定语。
leave A for B离开A到B
fall asleep入睡，睡着
SIGHTSEEING① IN LONDON
Worried about the time available②，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight③ was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy！This solid stone, square tower had remained④ standing for one thousand years. Although the buildings had expanded⑤ around it, it remained part of a royal⑥ palace and prison combined. To her great surprise⑦， Zhang Pingyu found the Queen’s jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions⑧， still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform⑨ of the time of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.
◆形容词短语Worried about ...available作原因状语；she wanted to see in London为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词the sites。
◆was going to the Tower不是be going to do结构，而是系表结构，v.-ing短语going to the Tower作表语。
◆found...guarded为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中宾语补足语由动词的过去分词充当。
There followed St Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid⑩ when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting.It contained? statues? in memory of? dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out? the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace，the Queen’s house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!
◆There followed ...in 1666为there be句型的变体。过去分词短语built...in 1666作后置定语，修饰St Paul’s Cathedral。built表示被动和完成。
◆when first built为状语从句的省略，when之后省略了it was。
◆as...abbey为as引导的时间状语从句，heard...ringing out the hour为“hear＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude? line.It is an imaginary? line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation?. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line．
◆that引导定语从句，修饰先行词famous clock。
◆What...most为what引导的主语从句。
◆现在分词短语dividing...world作后置定语，修饰an imaginary line。
◆had a photo taken为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，现在分词短语standing...line作状语。
The last day she visited Karl Marx’s statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism? should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original? place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled? by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese potsB21 and other objects on showB22 , she felt very proud of her country.
◆It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，在that引导的从句中，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the man。should表示“竟然，居然”。
◆过去分词短语displayed in the museum作后置定语，修饰so many wonderful treasures。
◆saw...enjoying为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
The next day Pingyu was leaving London forB23 Windsor Castle．“Perhaps I will see the Queen？” she wondered as she fell asleepB24.
◆was leaving...Windsor Castle为进行时表将来。
◆as在此引导时间状语从句。
伦敦游记
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地方列了一张清单。她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。它是很久以前由公元1066年入侵的诺曼人修建的。真是不可思议！这座坚固的石制方形塔已经屹立了1 000年之久。尽管在塔的四周扩建了一些建筑，但它仍然是皇宫和监狱联合体的一个组成部分。让张萍玉异常惊讶的是，她发现女王的珠宝由皇家特别卫士守护着，而这些士兵在一些特殊的日子仍然穿着400年前伊丽莎白一世女王时代的制服。
接着(参观的)是圣保罗大教堂，它是在公元1666年伦敦那场可怕的大火之后建造的。刚建成的时候，它看起来金碧辉煌！威斯敏斯特教堂也是很有意思的地方。这里珍藏着纪念已故诗人和作家的雕像，如莎士比亚的雕像。正当萍玉走出教堂的时候，她听到了著名的大本钟整点敲响的钟声。她参观了女王在伦敦的住所——白金汉宫的外面，以此结束了一天的观光。啊，她有很多话要给朋友们讲！
第二天，萍玉姑娘参观了格林尼治天文台，看到了古老的船只和那座著名的为世界定时的钟。她最感兴趣的是那条经线。它是一条假想的线，它把世界分成东西两个半球，并对航海极为有用。这条线穿过格林尼治，所以萍玉就拍了一张跨着这条线的照片。
最后一天，她参观了伦敦海格特墓地里卡尔·马克思的雕像。这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。不仅如此，他还在大英博物馆著名的图书阅览室里工作过。遗憾的是，这座图书馆已经从原来的地方搬到另一座大楼里去了，原来的阅览室就没有了。但是令她感到非常兴奋的是博物馆里展出了那么多来自不同文化的令人惊叹的宝物。当她看到许多参观者用欣赏的目光注视着古老、漂亮的中国陶罐和其他展品时，她为祖国感到非常自豪。
再过一天，萍玉就要离开伦敦去温莎城堡了。她边睡觉边想：“也许我能见到女王呢？”
possibility n．可能(性)
(经典例句)There is no possibility that he will accomplish his task ahead of time.
他不可能提前完成任务。
(1)There is a/no possibility of (doing) sth. 有/没有做某事的可能。
There is a/no possibility that... 有/没有……的可能。
(2)possible adj. 可能的
as...as possible 尽量……
impossible adj. 不可能的
①There is a possibility of defeating the enemy as long as soldiers have confidence.
只要士兵们有信心， 就有击败敌人的可能性。
②There is a possibility that the suspect is linked to the robbery.
这个嫌疑犯与这桩抢劫案可能有关联。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①因为专心于工作， 他没有可能参加我们的会议。
There_is_no_possibility_that he will attend our meeting because he is absorbed in his work.
②你最好寻找尽可能多的机会练习听力。
You’d better search for as_many_opportunities_as_possible to practise listening.
quarrel n．[C]争吵；争论；吵架 vi.争吵；吵架
(教材P12)Do these differences cause conflicts or quarrels?
这些差异会引起冲突或争论吗？
①After having a quarrel with each other, the new couple got separated.
争吵之后，这对新人分手了。
②As far as I know, she often quarrels with her husband about housework.
据我所知，她常常因家务事与丈夫吵架。
[链接写作]——完成句子
在未来职业上，吉姆好像总是和他父母吵架。
Jim seems to be_always_quarrelling_with_his_parents_about/over his future career.
take the place of 代替
(经典例句)When his secretary went on holiday, Miss Li took the place of her for a week.
他的秘书去休假的时候，李小姐替了她一个星期。
take one’s place 代替；就位
take place 发生
in place 在适当的位置，适当
in place of 代替
①Since the chairman is busy with other things，who will take the place of him to host the meeting?
既然主席忙于其他事情，谁会代替他来主持会议呢？
②As we all know，the 32nd Summer Olympics will take place in Tokyo in 2020.
众所周知，第32届夏季奥运会2020年将在东京举行。
[链接写作]——一句多译
经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
①The manager will be away on business and I’ll take_his_place_to_attend the meeting.
②The manager will be away on business and I’ll take_the_place_of_him_to_attend the meeting.
③The manager will be away on business and I’ll attend the meeting in_place_of_him．
break down (机器)损坏；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；分解
[一词多义]——写出下列句中break down的含义
①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判)失败
②Your health will break down if you always stay up late. (身体)垮掉
③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing. 损坏
④Plastic bags are difficult to break down. (化学)分解
break away (from) 挣脱(束缚); 脱离
break up 驱散； 分散； 打碎；分手
break into 闯入
break out 爆发； 发生
[链接写作]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)The elevator didn’t work and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
(高级表达)The elevator broke_down and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理
(教材P13)They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.
他们没有时间去安排他们自己的婚礼， 因此他们让一家公司代为组织。
(1)arrange sth.for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange (for sb.)to do sth. 安排(某人)做某事
(2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备
make arrangements for 为……做好安排
①It’s unnecessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.
父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。
②Our company has arranged for a taxi to pick you up at the airport.
我们公司安排了一辆出租车到机场接您。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①There is no need to worry. I will arrange for a taxi to_meet(meet) you at the airport.
②If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 p．m. next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements(arrange)．
[链接写作]——高考小作文
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)我们已经安排好这部短片将在明天下午4－5：30校剧院放映。
We_have_arranged_that the short film will be on show from 16：00 to 17：30 at our school theatre tomorrow.
delight n．[U]快乐；高兴；喜悦；[C]令人快乐的事情
vt.使高兴；使欣喜
(教材P14)Her first delight was going to the Tower.
她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。
(1)delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴
(2)take (great) delight in 以……为乐
to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是
(3)delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的
be delighted to do sth. 为做某事而高兴
①To my delight, I have expanded my horizons by travelling.
使我高兴的是，通过旅游我开阔了视野。
②When you need help, they will stand beside you and be delighted to give you a hand.
当你需要帮助时，他们会与你并肩作战，乐意给你帮忙。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I cannot tell you how delighted(delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.
②What delighted(delight) me was that I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
③It is a delight to_drink(drink) a cold drink in such a hot day.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)非常高兴有机会为你介绍中国文化和餐桌礼仪。
④What_delights_me is that I have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners. (delight vt.)
⑤I’m_more_than_delighted_to have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners.(delighted)
⑥Much_to_my_delight,_I have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners.(delight n．)
(教材P14)Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地区列了一张清单。
(1)Worried about the time available是过去分词短语作状语表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句：Because she was worried about the time available。
(2)过去分词作状语时与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，用来表示句子发生的时间、 让步、 条件、 方式和伴随状况。
①Absorbed in the novel, he didn’t notice me enter the room.
专心于读小说， 他没注意到我进入房间。
②Seen from space, the earth looks like a blue ball.
从太空中看， 地球就像一个蓝色的球。
[即学即练]——句型转换
①Because the children were deeply moved by the film，they began to cry.
→Deeply_moved_by_the_film,_the children began to cry.
②If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→Given_more_time,_we could do it much better.
(教材P14)There followed St Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.
接着(参观的)是圣保罗大教堂，它是在1666年伦敦那场可怕的大火之后建造的。
There＋不及物动词(多为状态动词)结构，常见的此类结构有There follow/live/stand/lie/exist/remain/come...等，表示“随后……/住着……/有……/存在……/还有……/……来”等。
①There followed a garden covered with all kinds of fresh flowers.
接着是一座花园，种满了各种各样的鲜花。
②Once upon a time there lived a princess who was very beautiful. 从前， 那里住着一位非常美丽的公主。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①山顶上有一个古老的寺庙。
There_stands an old temple on the top of the mountain.
②传来了一种奇怪的声音， 这把我们吓得要死。
There_came_a_very_strange_noise,_which made us frightened to death.
It seemed strange/important...that..
(教材P14)It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.
这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。
(1)It＋seems/seemed＋adj.＋that...好像……，似乎……
(2)should常用于主语从句中，表示“惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此”。常用句式有：It is important/necessary/natural/strange that...；It is a pity/a shame that...等。
①It seems strange that such a popular star should take drugs.
真奇怪，那么受欢迎的一位明星竟然吸毒。
②It is strange that she should speak to her mother in such a rude manner.
真奇怪，她竟然用那么无礼的方式跟她母亲说话。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①It seemed strange that the man should_have_deserted(desert) his wife and his children.
②In my opinion, it is important that we (should)_value(value) our friends instead of phones in our real life.
③It seems strange that the computer we just bought would have broken down.would→should
[链接写作]——完成句子
④看上去似乎很奇怪， 他竟然放弃了去国外进修的好机会。
It_seems_strange_that_he_should_have_given_up_the_good_opportunity to go abroad for further study.
品句填词
1．I want to purchase a bike that can be folded(折叠) so that I can put it in my office.
2．After visiting the Great Wall, little Tom gave a vivid description(描写，描述) of its beauty.
3．I think it no use quarrelling(争吵) with him now and we must find solutions to the problem soon.
4．There is no possibility(可能性) that he will accomplish that work on his own.
5．Because they are very much alike(相像的), people are always mistaking him for his twin brother.
6．She needs to find a furnished(带家具的) flat before the end of the month.
7．Since my next train would leave in the evening, I had a day for sightseeing(观光)．
8．You can come at your convenience. Everything has been well arranged(安排) for your life and work.
9．(2019·安徽淮北一中高二上月考)Thrilled(激动) at the good news, she couldn’t say a word.
10．What you say now is not consistent(一致的) with what you said last week, so I think you’re telling a lie.
选词填空
in memory of; leave out; break down; to one’s credit; to one’s delight; take the place of
1．To_her_delight,_her son was spoken highly of by his teachers at school.
2．Our car broke_down on the way to the airport. Fortunately, a kind-hearted couple gave us a lift.
3．Nowadays, more and more people hold the view that online shopping will take_the_place_of shopping in real stores.
4．Your composition is too long. You’d better leave_out the unnecessary details and just give us the main facts.
5．In_memory_of his late wife, he decided to found a charity.
6．To_his_credit，the taxi driver returned the wallet left in his car to its owner.
完成句子
1．当他醒来的时候，他发现自己正躺在医院的床上。
When he woke up, he found_himself_lying_on_the_bed in the hospital.
2．对女儿的安全感到担心，她等女儿回家后才去睡觉。
Concerned_about_the_safety_of her daughter, she didn’t go to bed until her daughter came back home.
3．房子的前面坐着一位头发灰白的老奶奶。
In front of the house sat_an_old_granny with grey hair.
4．给我印象最深刻的不是她甜美的声音，而是她脸上的微笑。
What_impressed_me_most was not her sweet voice but the smile on her face.
5．似乎很奇怪，在得到很多帮助之后，他竟然没有表达丝毫谢意。
It_seems_strange_that after getting so much help, he should express no thanks at all.
单句语法填空
1．I will never forget such a romantic experience, which is really beyond description(describe)．
2．Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience(convenient) of the shared bikes.
3．With everything arranged(arrange), the manager left for England to attend an important business meeting.
4．With his arms folded(fold) across his chest, Robert looked at his friend with a smile on his face.
5．It seemed strange that he should_have_rejected(reject) the idea of cutting spending.
6．Nowadays, electrical bikes are popular among people, taking(take) the place of motorbikes in many cities and the countryside in our country.
7．Though surprised(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
8．It’s a thrill to have the ten-year scientific research project completed with the desired result.
9．There is a possibility that the company will suffer a great loss this month.
10．Worried(worry) that he might lose his job, Peter always works extra hours to please his boss.
阅读理解
Each year, the women of Olney, England, and Liberal, Kansas, have an unusual “pancake racing”. This tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day before the Christian season of Lent begins.
It is said that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes. She suddenly heard the church(教堂) bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron(围裙) and headscarf and holding her frying pan(锅) with a pancake in it. Olney women continue this tradition more than 500 years later.
In 1950, a person of Liberal wanted his town to join in Olney Pancake Race. He made some phone calls to Olney to set up a friendly competition, and the people of Olney accepted the challenge.
The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They have to flip(抛) the pancake in the air so that it flips and lands back in the pan on the other side. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and announce a winner.
In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a great show, and eating competitions.
Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold races for boys and girls of all ages. Emma Evans, 14, was the winner of her age group’s race in Liberal last year. She wore an apron that her grandma made for her and used a pan passed down to her from her older brother. Her family cheered her on from the sidelines.
“It’s a family tradition，” Emma says. “And there are only two places in the world that compete against each other in a race like this, so it feels special.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国奥尔尼一项有着悠久历史的传统活动——薄饼赛跑。
1．What do we know about Olney Pancake Race?
A．It was founded by a cook.
B．It was started during Lent.
C．It is a centuries-old tradition.
D．It has been held every year since 1445.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney.”可知，这项传统据说已经有数百年的历史了。
2．What do the competitors have to do during pancake racing?
A．Wear their formal clothes.
B．Throw and catch the pancake.
C．Hand the pancake to another.
D．Eat the pancake while running.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They have to flip(抛) the pancake in the air so that it flips and lands back in the pan on the other side.”可知，选手在参加薄饼赛跑时，要抛起自己锅里的薄饼，让它在空中颠一个个儿，并接住它。
3．Different from Olney’s festival, Liberal’s festival ________．
A．lasts only one day
B．has more varied activities
C．holds different races for boys
D．starts with a delicious breakfast
B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a great show, and eating competitions.”可知，自由城的节日活动要比奥尔尼的更加丰富。
4．How does Emma look at pancake racing?
A．It is family-friendly.
B．It is quite competitive.
C．It should be internationalized.
D．It should provide aprons for racers.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She wore an apron that her grandma made for her and used a pan passed down to her from her older brother. Her family cheered her on from the sidelines.”以及最后一段的内容可知，Emma认为这项比赛是一个家庭的传统，她穿着祖母为她亲手缝制的围裙，拿着哥哥传下来的锅，并在比赛时受到全家人的鼓励，由此可知，薄饼赛跑对她来说是一个全家共同参与的比赛。
七选五
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people’s first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new.1．________
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. 2.________ Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. 3.________ Don’t be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情) as a charming sign of strength and inspiration. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easy-going.
4．________ Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye contact(眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don’t have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. 5.________ Let them know you don’t want unfavorable things to affect them. It’ll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A．Make others comfortable.
B．Instead, you can set another time.
C．Pay attention to your body language.
D．Show interest in the person you meet.
E．When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F．Be polite and show manners with “please and thank you”．
G．Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何给对方留下好的第一印象的方法。
1．G 解析：空白处前引出第一印象这个话题，空白处后列举了几种方法，判断该空为主旨句，引出下文，G项符合逻辑。
2．F 解析：根据空白处前内容“只有别人感觉到受尊重了，他才会尊重你”可知，要有礼貌。
3．D 解析：该段主旨为要热情。D项“要对你见到的人表示有兴趣”与本段主旨吻合。
4．C 解析：空后提到肢体语言对第一印象的重要性，C项与本段主旨吻合。
5．B 解析：本段主要讲了当有不好的事发生时，你没必要非要在同一天赴约，可以约另一个时间，从而避免让自己的消极情绪影响自己要见的人，故选B。
完形填空
Fifty years ago, my father came to Kansas, where he was getting his Doctor’s degree. Six months later, my mother __1__ with the three of us — my sister, my brother and me. We were just two, four and five years old. In the first winter, we had __2__ heavy coats, and my father would walk down this big hill every day to take my sister and brother to __3__. After about two weeks, a woman with her son who obviously was in my sister’s first-grade class started __4__ them. On one very snowy day when they weren’t dressed __5__ enough for the weather, she __6__ and said, “I see you __7__ every day. Can I take your children to school? Would you like a __8__？”
My dad responded, “Yes, that’d be great.” Then they jumped in the warm car, and she __9__ doing this every day since that day. Her name was Valerie. And this family just became so __10__ to my family. She’d give my mother rides to go grocery shopping, and my mother __11__ to cook Indian food for her. There were just all these little __12__ between our families.
At the first Christmas, my brother won their class Christmas __13__ and took it home. But we were unfamiliar with the __14__ about it. Then on Christmas Eve Valerie came with __15__ to fill the space under the tree! When we woke up, it was just __16__！ Even today, the stockings(长袜) Valerie gave are still displayed(陈列) in our house!
I just learned today that she passed away yesterday. Over the __17__， our families kept in __18__， but we didn’t see each other all that often. However, the emotional connection always remained __19__. We’re just really __20__ for whatever our families exchanged and enjoyed over the years!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家初到新地方生活，生活困难，受到了邻居的帮助，并且两家人成了好朋友。
1．A.sat B．showed
C．came D．stayed
C 解析：根据下文内容可知，“我”父亲先到了堪萨斯州，六个月后其他家人也跟着过来了。
2．A.enough B．few
C．several D．nice
B 解析：根据下文在大雪天气邻居对父亲的帮助可推知，“我们”没有带足够的厚衣服。
3．A.restaurant B．play
C．shop D．school
D 解析：根据下文的“Can I take your children to school？”可知答案。
4．A.approaching B．blaming
C．noticing D．liking
C 解析：根据后面她与父亲的对话可推知，她注意到了父亲三人。
5．A.properly B．warmly
C．formally D．heavily
B 解析：根据下文的对话可知，她看到父亲三人在这种大雪天气没有穿足够保暖的衣服，所以她停下来询问。
6．A.gave up B．laughed
C．cheered up D．stopped
D 解析：参考上题解析。
7．A.walking B．running
C．travelling D．studying
A 解析：根据上文的“walk down this big hill”可知，此处是指步行。
8．A.ride B．trip
C．chair D．reward
A 解析：根据第二段的“Then they jumped in the warm car”可知，她想让父亲三人搭便车，并且从那天开始，她天天都这样做。
9．A.enjoyed B．tried
C．started D．considered
C 解析：参考上题解析。
10．A.meaningful B．dear
C．respectful D．important
B 解析：根据空后内容可知，从此她一家人对“我们”一家人特别亲近。
11．A.agreed B．intended
C．demanded D．loved
D 解析：她陪母亲购物，母亲喜欢帮她做印度菜。
12．A.exchanges B．links
C．similarities D．differences
A 解析：根据空前内容可知，此处指两家之间的交换。
13．A.party B．dinner
C．tree D．light
C 解析：根据下文的“under the tree”可知，此处是指圣诞树。
14．A.award B．custom
C．concern D．story
B 解析：作者一家初来美国，所以不知道圣诞节的风俗。
15．A.opinions B．solutions
C．donations D．gifts
D 解析：根据下文的“stockings(长袜) Valerie gave”可知，Valerie在圣诞前夜给“我们”带来了礼物。当“我们”醒来看见礼物，是不可思议的。
16．A.unbelievable B．interesting
C．expensive D．unique
A 解析：参考上题解析。
17．A.months B．years
C．weeks D．days
B 解析：根据第一段“Fifty years ago”以及下文的“over the years”可知，此处是指多年以来，“我”家人和他们都保持联系。
18．A.practice B．silence
C．mind D．touch
D 解析：参考上题解析。
19．A.strong B．clear
C．direct D．casual
A 解析：根据该句中的However转折可知，虽然没有经常见面，但是感情还依然很深。
20．A.suitable B．famous
C．grateful D．honored
C 解析：根据空后“families exchanged and enjoyed”可知，此处是指感激之情。
课件70张PPT。Unit 2 The United Kingdom本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．I want to purchase a bike that can be folded(折叠) so that I can put it in my office.
2．After visiting the Great Wall, little Tom gave a vivid description(描写，描述) of its beauty.
3．I think it no use quarrelling(争吵) with him now and we must find solutions to the problem soon.
4．There is no possibility(可能性) that he will accomplish that work on his own.
5．Because they are very much alike(相像的), people are always mistaking him for his twin brother.
6．She needs to find a furnished(带家具的) flat before the end of the month.
7．Since my next train would leave in the evening, I had a day for sightseeing(观光)．
8．You can come at your convenience. Everything has been well arranged(安排) for your life and work.
9．(2019·安徽淮北一中高二上月考)Thrilled(激动) at the good news, she couldn’t say a word.
10．What you say now is not consistent(一致的) with what you said last week, so I think you’re telling a lie.
选词填空
in memory of; leave out; break down; to one’s credit; to one’s delight; take the place of
1．To_her_delight,_her son was spoken highly of by his teachers at school.
2．Our car broke_down on the way to the airport. Fortunately, a kind-hearted couple gave us a lift.
3．Nowadays, more and more people hold the view that online shopping will take_the_place_of shopping in real stores.
4．Your composition is too long. You’d better leave_out the unnecessary details and just give us the main facts.
5．In_memory_of his late wife, he decided to found a charity.
6．To_his_credit，the taxi driver returned the wallet left in his car to its owner.
完成句子
1．当他醒来的时候，他发现自己正躺在医院的床上。
When he woke up, he found_himself_lying_on_the_bed in the hospital.
2．对女儿的安全感到担心，她等女儿回家后才去睡觉。
Concerned_about_the_safety_of her daughter, she didn’t go to bed until her daughter came back home.
3．房子的前面坐着一位头发灰白的老奶奶。
In front of the house sat_an_old_granny with grey hair.
4．给我印象最深刻的不是她甜美的声音，而是她脸上的微笑。
What_impressed_me_most was not her sweet voice but the smile on her face.
5．似乎很奇怪，在得到很多帮助之后，他竟然没有表达丝毫谢意。
It_seems_strange_that after getting so much help, he should express no thanks at all.
单句语法填空
1．I will never forget such a romantic experience, which is really beyond description(describe)．
2．Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience(convenient) of the shared bikes.
3．With everything arranged(arrange), the manager left for England to attend an important business meeting.
4．With his arms folded(fold) across his chest, Robert looked at his friend with a smile on his face.
5．It seemed strange that he should_have_rejected(reject) the idea of cutting spending.
6．Nowadays, electrical bikes are popular among people, taking(take) the place of motorbikes in many cities and the countryside in our country.
7．Though surprised(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
8．It’s a thrill to have the ten-year scientific research project completed with the desired result.
9．There is a possibility that the company will suffer a great loss this month.
10．Worried(worry) that he might lose his job, Peter always works extra hours to please his boss.
阅读理解
Each year, the women of Olney, England, and Liberal, Kansas, have an unusual “pancake racing”. This tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day before the Christian season of Lent begins.
It is said that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes. She suddenly heard the church(教堂) bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron(围裙) and headscarf and holding her frying pan(锅) with a pancake in it. Olney women continue this tradition more than 500 years later.
In 1950, a person of Liberal wanted his town to join in Olney Pancake Race. He made some phone calls to Olney to set up a friendly competition, and the people of Olney accepted the challenge.
The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They have to flip(抛) the pancake in the air so that it flips and lands back in the pan on the other side. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and announce a winner.
In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a great show, and eating competitions.
Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold races for boys and girls of all ages. Emma Evans, 14, was the winner of her age group’s race in Liberal last year. She wore an apron that her grandma made for her and used a pan passed down to her from her older brother. Her family cheered her on from the sidelines.
“It’s a family tradition，” Emma says. “And there are only two places in the world that compete against each other in a race like this, so it feels special.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国奥尔尼一项有着悠久历史的传统活动——薄饼赛跑。
1．What do we know about Olney Pancake Race?
A．It was founded by a cook.
B．It was started during Lent.
C．It is a centuries-old tradition.
D．It has been held every year since 1445.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney.”可知，这项传统据说已经有数百年的历史了。
2．What do the competitors have to do during pancake racing?
A．Wear their formal clothes.
B．Throw and catch the pancake.
C．Hand the pancake to another.
D．Eat the pancake while running.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They have to flip(抛) the pancake in the air so that it flips and lands back in the pan on the other side.”可知，选手在参加薄饼赛跑时，要抛起自己锅里的薄饼，让它在空中颠一个个儿，并接住它。
3．Different from Olney’s festival, Liberal’s festival ________．
A．lasts only one day
B．has more varied activities
C．holds different races for boys
D．starts with a delicious breakfast
B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a great show, and eating competitions.”可知，自由城的节日活动要比奥尔尼的更加丰富。
4．How does Emma look at pancake racing?
A．It is family-friendly.
B．It is quite competitive.
C．It should be internationalized.
D．It should provide aprons for racers.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She wore an apron that her grandma made for her and used a pan passed down to her from her older brother. Her family cheered her on from the sidelines.”以及最后一段的内容可知，Emma认为这项比赛是一个家庭的传统，她穿着祖母为她亲手缝制的围裙，拿着哥哥传下来的锅，并在比赛时受到全家人的鼓励，由此可知，薄饼赛跑对她来说是一个全家共同参与的比赛。
七选五
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people’s first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new.1．________
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. 2.________ Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. 3.________ Don’t be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情) as a charming sign of strength and inspiration. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easy-going.
4．________ Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye contact(眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don’t have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. 5.________ Let them know you don’t want unfavorable things to affect them. It’ll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A．Make others comfortable.
B．Instead, you can set another time.
C．Pay attention to your body language.
D．Show interest in the person you meet.
E．When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F．Be polite and show manners with “please and thank you”．
G．Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何给对方留下好的第一印象的方法。
1．G 解析：空白处前引出第一印象这个话题，空白处后列举了几种方法，判断该空为主旨句，引出下文，G项符合逻辑。
2．F 解析：根据空白处前内容“只有别人感觉到受尊重了，他才会尊重你”可知，要有礼貌。
3．D 解析：该段主旨为要热情。D项“要对你见到的人表示有兴趣”与本段主旨吻合。
4．C 解析：空后提到肢体语言对第一印象的重要性，C项与本段主旨吻合。
5．B 解析：本段主要讲了当有不好的事发生时，你没必要非要在同一天赴约，可以约另一个时间，从而避免让自己的消极情绪影响自己要见的人，故选B。
完形填空
Fifty years ago, my father came to Kansas, where he was getting his Doctor’s degree. Six months later, my mother __1__ with the three of us — my sister, my brother and me. We were just two, four and five years old. In the first winter, we had __2__ heavy coats, and my father would walk down this big hill every day to take my sister and brother to __3__. After about two weeks, a woman with her son who obviously was in my sister’s first-grade class started __4__ them. On one very snowy day when they weren’t dressed __5__ enough for the weather, she __6__ and said, “I see you __7__ every day. Can I take your children to school? Would you like a __8__？”
My dad responded, “Yes, that’d be great.” Then they jumped in the warm car, and she __9__ doing this every day since that day. Her name was Valerie. And this family just became so __10__ to my family. She’d give my mother rides to go grocery shopping, and my mother __11__ to cook Indian food for her. There were just all these little __12__ between our families.
At the first Christmas, my brother won their class Christmas __13__ and took it home. But we were unfamiliar with the __14__ about it. Then on Christmas Eve Valerie came with __15__ to fill the space under the tree! When we woke up, it was just __16__！ Even today, the stockings(长袜) Valerie gave are still displayed(陈列) in our house!
I just learned today that she passed away yesterday. Over the __17__， our families kept in __18__， but we didn’t see each other all that often. However, the emotional connection always remained __19__. We’re just really __20__ for whatever our families exchanged and enjoyed over the years!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家初到新地方生活，生活困难，受到了邻居的帮助，并且两家人成了好朋友。
1．A.sat B．showed
C．came D．stayed
C 解析：根据下文内容可知，“我”父亲先到了堪萨斯州，六个月后其他家人也跟着过来了。
2．A.enough B．few
C．several D．nice
B 解析：根据下文在大雪天气邻居对父亲的帮助可推知，“我们”没有带足够的厚衣服。
3．A.restaurant B．play
C．shop D．school
D 解析：根据下文的“Can I take your children to school？”可知答案。
4．A.approaching B．blaming
C．noticing D．liking
C 解析：根据后面她与父亲的对话可推知，她注意到了父亲三人。
5．A.properly B．warmly
C．formally D．heavily
B 解析：根据下文的对话可知，她看到父亲三人在这种大雪天气没有穿足够保暖的衣服，所以她停下来询问。
6．A.gave up B．laughed
C．cheered up D．stopped
D 解析：参考上题解析。
7．A.walking B．running
C．travelling D．studying
A 解析：根据上文的“walk down this big hill”可知，此处是指步行。
8．A.ride B．trip
C．chair D．reward
A 解析：根据第二段的“Then they jumped in the warm car”可知，她想让父亲三人搭便车，并且从那天开始，她天天都这样做。
9．A.enjoyed B．tried
C．started D．considered
C 解析：参考上题解析。
10．A.meaningful B．dear
C．respectful D．important
B 解析：根据空后内容可知，从此她一家人对“我们”一家人特别亲近。
11．A.agreed B．intended
C．demanded D．loved
D 解析：她陪母亲购物，母亲喜欢帮她做印度菜。
12．A.exchanges B．links
C．similarities D．differences
A 解析：根据空前内容可知，此处指两家之间的交换。
13．A.party B．dinner
C．tree D．light
C 解析：根据下文的“under the tree”可知，此处是指圣诞树。
14．A.award B．custom
C．concern D．story
B 解析：作者一家初来美国，所以不知道圣诞节的风俗。
15．A.opinions B．solutions
C．donations D．gifts
D 解析：根据下文的“stockings(长袜) Valerie gave”可知，Valerie在圣诞前夜给“我们”带来了礼物。当“我们”醒来看见礼物，是不可思议的。
16．A.unbelievable B．interesting
C．expensive D．unique
A 解析：参考上题解析。
17．A.months B．years
C．weeks D．days
B 解析：根据第一段“Fifty years ago”以及下文的“over the years”可知，此处是指多年以来，“我”家人和他们都保持联系。
18．A.practice B．silence
C．mind D．touch
D 解析：参考上题解析。
19．A.strong B．clear
C．direct D．casual
A 解析：根据该句中的However转折可知，虽然没有经常见面，但是感情还依然很深。
20．A.suitable B．famous
C．grateful D．honored
C 解析：根据空后“families exchanged and enjoyed”可知，此处是指感激之情。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
过去分词作宾语补足语
1．(教材P10)Now when people refer to England you find Wales included(include) as well.
2．(教材P10)Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected(connect) in the same peaceful way.
3．(教材P10)You find most of the population settled(settle) in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.
4．(教材P14)To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen’s jewels guarded(guard) by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.
5．(教材P14)It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken(take) standing on either side of the line.
常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
◆He passed away, leaving his works unfinished.
他去世了， 留下他的著作还没完成。
◆Don’t keep your mouth shut when I ask you a question.
当我问你问题时不要闭口不语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”表示“让别人做某事”。
◆He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
◆Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.
詹妮希望史密斯先生会建议一个好的方法以使她的英语写作在短期内得到提升。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
◆They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3．感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
◆When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
◆The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
◆The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
◆With every problem settled, he began to think of a journey.
每一个问题解决后， 他开始考虑旅行。
【典例】 (2018·天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph________(take)．
[解析] 句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我得照张相。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语my photograph与take为被动关系，且表示让他人去做这件事，因此用过去分词作宾补。
[答案] taken
非谓语动词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别
1．感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：
hear＋宾语＋
◆I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动、正在进行)
◆I heard her sing an English song just now.
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成)
◆To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间性)
2．使役动词make, have, get, keep后加复合宾语的比较：
make＋宾语＋
◆The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。
◆He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself understood.
他说得又慢又清楚以便使自己被理解。
have＋宾语＋
◆Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。
◆He had us laughing all through the meal.
整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。
◆My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
get＋宾语＋
◆He got me to post the letter for him.
他让我替他寄信。
◆The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。
◆I’ll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。
keep＋宾语＋
◆I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
◆She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。
【典例】 (2019·陕西高二期末检测)Today，you can find a statue of John Harvard ________(stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard，and it is perhaps the University’s best known landmark.
[解析] 句意：今天，你可以在哈佛广场的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的John Harvard的雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。a statue of John Harvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
[答案] standing
单句语法填空
1．I found my sister seated(seat) at the desk and doing her homework carefully.
2．The teacher wanted our compositions handed(hand) in after class.
3．This is the first time that I have heard the poem read(read) in English.
4．I’d appreciate it if you can suggest a good way to get my English improved(improve) in a short period of time.
5．With his attention focused(focus) on the book he was reading, he didn’t notice his mother coming in.
6．When I studied abroad, my parents kept me well supplied(supply) with money.
7．With all her business things arranged(arrange), Diana went on holiday.
8．The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard(hear)．
9．Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother taken(take) good care of at home.
10．(2019·四川成都七中高二诊断)To his surprise, Jack found his son dressed(dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.
11．(2019·山西实验中学高二联考)I once found my cell phone missing(miss) during my stay in the city.
12．We should keep him informed(inform) of what is going on here.
单句改错
1．The computer doesn’t seem to work well; you’d better get it repairing. repairing→repaired
2．The government kept the flooded areas providing with food and clothing free of charge.providing→provided
3．He fell over and had his leg breaking while playing football yesterday. breaking→broken
4．With all the books she needed borrow, she left the library with satisfaction. borrow→borrowed
5．All the regular readers expect the writer’s latest novel finishing in advance. finishing→finished
6．My mother failed the driving test again, which made her disappointing. disappointing→disappointed
7．The teacher expected his students well preparing for the examination.preparing→prepared
8．With so many cars be caught in the traffic jam, I had no choice but to wait.去掉be
语法与写作
1．使他吃惊的是，他没有注意到钱包在公交车上被人偷了。
To his surprise, he didn’t notice_his_wallet_stolen on the bus.
2．在所有客人就座之前，你最好不要动所有的菜。
You’d better leave_all_the_dishes_untouched before all the guests are seated.
3．这位年轻女士发现她珍贵的项链丢了，很恼火。
The young lady was quite annoyed to find_her_valuable_necklace_lost．
4．这对夫妇看到女儿在这家新托儿所受到很好的照顾，感到很满意。
The couple felt very satisfied to see their daughter taken_good_care_of in the new nursery.
5．杰克踢足球时，摔断了左腿，这让我们大家都很伤心。
Jack had_his_left_leg_broken while playing football, which made all of us very sad.
6．如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重自己。
If you want to make_yourself_respected,_you are above all to respect yourself.
单句语法填空
1．My cellphone has broken down and I have to get it repaired(repair) soon.
2．With the important documents gone(go), I found it very difficult to go on with my work.
3．I was surprised(surprise) to find my hometown changed(change) so much.
4．John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work completed(complete), he gladly accepted it.
5．She wanted her book published(publish), but she was refused by the publishing house.
6．The teacher asked the students to keep the door of the classroom locked(lock) when they left.
7．When he woke up, he found himself surrounded(surround) by some doctors.
8．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams.
9．Don’t leave the water running(run) while you are brushing your teeth.
10．With his homework finished(finish), he went out to play with his friend.
阅读理解
A
Last summer I got a real taste of Swiss life when I spent six weeks with a host family in the Bernese Alps. After much preparation, my departure(出发) time finally arrived. Needless to say, I was pretty nervous. All I knew about my host family was that it consisted of two parents and three kids: an 18-year-old girl and two boys. I knew I was staying in a place called Erlenbach in central Switzerland. Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.
My host father picked me up at the train station and drove me to Erlenbach, a beautiful mountain village. One of the best things about living with a host family was that I was not feeling like a tourist. I wasn’t traveling around Europe, seeing the major sights; I was absorbed in a different culture. I participated in my family’s day-to-day activities, whether helping pick berries in the garden or going to friends’ houses.
While many aspects of the Swiss culture are similar to America’s, there are lots of differences, too. Probably my biggest shock was the language. I expected the Swiss to speak German, but they speak a dialect called Swiss German, which has hardly anything in common with German. I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other. At times I was very frustrated, but I reminded myself that I was in Switzerland, and then my bad mood disappeared. I enjoyed every minute of my stay here above the clouds. I became more independent as a result of my six-week stay.
Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding. I still keep in touch with my host family via email. I hope to return and stay with them for a year, which they have encouraged me to do. When I left, I promised I would return to Erlenbach.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了作者在瑞士寄宿家庭生活的难忘经历。
1．Why was the author nervous about his leaving for Switzerland?
A．What would happen in Switzerland remains unknown.
B．He was not familiar with his host family.
C．It was the first time he had gone abroad.
D．He hadn’t prepared well enough.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.”可知，作者对瑞士的了解仅限于从书本上的一点知识，而接下来会发生些什么还不知道，所以在出发前作者很忐忑。
2．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．some unforgettable activities in his host family
B．the author’s traveling experience in Europe
C．the advantages of living in a host family
D．some well-known attractions in Europe
C 解析：段落大意题。本段主要告诉我们寄宿家庭给作者带来的好处，也就是寄宿家庭的优势。
3．What made the author feel frustrated in Switzerland?
A．He couldn’t communicate with the host family well.
B．He couldn’t speak German as his second language.
C．He was not independent enough.
D．He had no new friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Probably my biggest shock was the language.”以及“I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other.”可知，作者在瑞士因为语言问题无法与寄宿家庭很好地交流。
4．How does the author find his life in Switzerland?
A．Difficult. B．Boring.
C．Exciting. D．Satisfying.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding.”可知，作者对于自己在瑞士的生活是非常满意的。
B
No one can deny(否认) that LeBron James gets paid a lot of money—but no one can deny that he hasn’t earned it either. He’s broken the records of greats like Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson. He’s a talent(天才)．
Professional athletes like LeBron give their lives to their sport— to training, traveling, and pushing themselves to the limit. And while their lives may seem glamorous,_think about this: Athletes face injuries that can be not only career-ending but also life-changing. In fact, many retired(退休的) athletes have long-term health problems because of how hard they push on their bodies. Retired New York Jets player Wesley Walker said that he suffered so much pain as a result of playing football that today he can hardly open a water bottle.
The toll(代价) a professional athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain (and medical bills); it also means a short career. Athletes need pay that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.
Without the showstopping performances of stars like Serena Williams and Stephen Curry, many jobs wouldn’t exist. Sports reporters, stadium workers, cheerleaders, and coaches are among those who can thank the professional sports industry for their employment.
It may seem unfair that athletes get paid to play a game, but remember who they are really playing for: us. We’re the ones who fill stadiums in rain and snow to watch their games, who crowd around the television to cheer them on, and who feel immeasurable joy when our team wins.
The work of professional athletes certainly pays off for us. Shouldn’t it pay off for them too?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了职业运动员值得获得高额薪酬的原因。
5．What does the underlined word “glamorous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Difficult. B．Tiresome.
C．Attractive. D．Organized.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Athletes face injuries that can be not only career-ending but also life-changing.”及画线词所在句子中的while可知，while在这里表示“然而”的意思，是对前后两个事物的对比，由此可知，虽然运动员的生活看起来很“吸引人”，但是运动带给他们的伤痛不仅会终止他们的职业生涯还会改变他们的人生。
6．Which of the following may the author agree with?
A．Professional athletes have no idea about their limits.
B．Injuries are a problem for professional athletes.
C．Retired professional athletes are badly treated.
D．Professional athletes’ careers are short.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“many retired(退休的) athletes have long-term health problems...he can hardly open a water bottle”及第三段中的“The toll(代价) a professional athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain”可知，很多职业运动员都会受到疾病的困扰。
7．What is the author’s attitude to athletes’ high salaries?
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.
C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Athletes need pay that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.”以及第四、五段的内容可知，职业运动员忍受着伤痛并要为巨额的医疗费买单，此外他们也带动了体育行业的发展，为很多人提供了就业机会，因此作者认为职业运动员应该得到高额的薪酬。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Most Impressive Athletes
B．You Can’t Put a Price on Talent
C．You Shouldn’t Push Athletes Hard
D．Salaries in the Professional Sports Industry
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据文中作者对职业运动员该得到高额薪酬的论述及最后一段的内容可知，人们不能给天才定价，他们的付出是无价的。
语法填空
A new study says that going to bed late may be harmful to our health. It may even make our life much shorter. The study 1．____________(carry) out in the United Kingdom. Its researchers spent six and a half years 2.____________(look) at the lifestyles of 430，000 adults between the ages of 38 and 73. They made a 3.____________(compare) between people who went to bed early (early birds) and those who went to bed late (night owls). They found that night owls were 10 percent 4.____________(likely) to die during the period of the study. The researchers 5.____________(conclude) that night owls were at a greater risk of poor health than early birds.
The researchers said society and working patterns should be changed 6.____________(reduce) the risks of poor health for night owls. Researcher Malcolm said，“This is a public health topic 7.____________ can no longer be ignored.” He suggested that night owls should be allowed to start and finish work later in the day 8.____________ they could sleep longer in the morning. He said night owls also got into bad habits 9.____________(easy). In addition, researchers said changing sleeping patterns during 10.____________ week and at weekends could reduce the chances of having health problems for night owls.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，晚睡对人们的健康有害。因此，晚睡的人应该改变工作模式，减少对健康的危害。
1．was carried 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，研究是在英国被做的，陈述过去的事实，故用动词的一般过去时的被动形式。
2．looking 解析：考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”，故填looking。
3．comparison 解析：考查名词。所填词在句中作made的宾语，故用名词形式comparison。
4．more likely 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，晚睡的人更有可能缩短寿命，故用比较级形式more likely。
5．concluded 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，研究已经完成，陈述过去的一个事实，故用动词的过去式形式。
6．to reduce 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词不定式短语to reduce the risks of poor health for night owls在句子中作目的状语。
7．that/which 解析：考查关系代词。关系代词that/which在句子中引导限制性定语从句，作主语。
8．so 解析：考查连词。Malcolm建议晚睡的人应该被允许工作开始和结束晚一点， 这样他们早上能够多睡一会儿。此处表结果，故用so。
9．easily 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词，故用副词形式easily。
10．the 解析：考查冠词。during the week表示“工作日”。
短文改错
Dear Linda，
I am very sorry to hear that you are bad ill and in hospital. Are you getting better now?
Please don’t worry about my illness. All you need to do now is have good rest and follow the doctor’s advices. At present, we are learning some new lessons. They aren’t very difficult, but you don’t need to worry about your study. When you got back to school, we are all willingly to help you with those missing lessons at the weekend. You will not miss on the final exam. Our head teacher, together with our class, are going to the hospital to seeing you next Wednesday.
I hope you will recover soon. Best regards.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Linda，
I am very sorry to hear that you are ill and in hospital. Are you getting better now?
Please don’t worry about illness. All you need to do now is have good rest and follow the doctor’s . At present, we are learning some new lessons. They aren’t very difficult, you don’t need to worry about your study. When you back to school, we are all to help you with those missing lessons at the weekend. You will not miss the final exam. Our head teacher, together with our class, going to the hospital to you next Wednesday.
I hope you will recover soon. Best regards.
Yours，
Li Hua
课件28张PPT。Unit 2 The United Kingdom本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
单句语法填空
1．My cellphone has broken down and I have to get it repaired(repair) soon.
2．With the important documents gone(go), I found it very difficult to go on with my work.
3．I was surprised(surprise) to find my hometown changed(change) so much.
4．John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work completed(complete), he gladly accepted it.
5．She wanted her book published(publish), but she was refused by the publishing house.
6．The teacher asked the students to keep the door of the classroom locked(lock) when they left.
7．When he woke up, he found himself surrounded(surround) by some doctors.
8．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams.
9．Don’t leave the water running(run) while you are brushing your teeth.
10．With his homework finished(finish), he went out to play with his friend.
阅读理解
A
Last summer I got a real taste of Swiss life when I spent six weeks with a host family in the Bernese Alps. After much preparation, my departure(出发) time finally arrived. Needless to say, I was pretty nervous. All I knew about my host family was that it consisted of two parents and three kids: an 18-year-old girl and two boys. I knew I was staying in a place called Erlenbach in central Switzerland. Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.
My host father picked me up at the train station and drove me to Erlenbach, a beautiful mountain village. One of the best things about living with a host family was that I was not feeling like a tourist. I wasn’t traveling around Europe, seeing the major sights; I was absorbed in a different culture. I participated in my family’s day-to-day activities, whether helping pick berries in the garden or going to friends’ houses.
While many aspects of the Swiss culture are similar to America’s, there are lots of differences, too. Probably my biggest shock was the language. I expected the Swiss to speak German, but they speak a dialect called Swiss German, which has hardly anything in common with German. I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other. At times I was very frustrated, but I reminded myself that I was in Switzerland, and then my bad mood disappeared. I enjoyed every minute of my stay here above the clouds. I became more independent as a result of my six-week stay.
Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding. I still keep in touch with my host family via email. I hope to return and stay with them for a year, which they have encouraged me to do. When I left, I promised I would return to Erlenbach.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了作者在瑞士寄宿家庭生活的难忘经历。
1．Why was the author nervous about his leaving for Switzerland?
A．What would happen in Switzerland remains unknown.
B．He was not familiar with his host family.
C．It was the first time he had gone abroad.
D．He hadn’t prepared well enough.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.”可知，作者对瑞士的了解仅限于从书本上的一点知识，而接下来会发生些什么还不知道，所以在出发前作者很忐忑。
2．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．some unforgettable activities in his host family
B．the author’s traveling experience in Europe
C．the advantages of living in a host family
D．some well-known attractions in Europe
C 解析：段落大意题。本段主要告诉我们寄宿家庭给作者带来的好处，也就是寄宿家庭的优势。
3．What made the author feel frustrated in Switzerland?
A．He couldn’t communicate with the host family well.
B．He couldn’t speak German as his second language.
C．He was not independent enough.
D．He had no new friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Probably my biggest shock was the language.”以及“I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other.”可知，作者在瑞士因为语言问题无法与寄宿家庭很好地交流。
4．How does the author find his life in Switzerland?
A．Difficult. B．Boring.
C．Exciting. D．Satisfying.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding.”可知，作者对于自己在瑞士的生活是非常满意的。
B
No one can deny(否认) that LeBron James gets paid a lot of money—but no one can deny that he hasn’t earned it either. He’s broken the records of greats like Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson. He’s a talent(天才)．
Professional athletes like LeBron give their lives to their sport— to training, traveling, and pushing themselves to the limit. And while their lives may seem glamorous,_think about this: Athletes face injuries that can be not only career-ending but also life-changing. In fact, many retired(退休的) athletes have long-term health problems because of how hard they push on their bodies. Retired New York Jets player Wesley Walker said that he suffered so much pain as a result of playing football that today he can hardly open a water bottle.
The toll(代价) a professional athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain (and medical bills); it also means a short career. Athletes need pay that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.
Without the showstopping performances of stars like Serena Williams and Stephen Curry, many jobs wouldn’t exist. Sports reporters, stadium workers, cheerleaders, and coaches are among those who can thank the professional sports industry for their employment.
It may seem unfair that athletes get paid to play a game, but remember who they are really playing for: us. We’re the ones who fill stadiums in rain and snow to watch their games, who crowd around the television to cheer them on, and who feel immeasurable joy when our team wins.
The work of professional athletes certainly pays off for us. Shouldn’t it pay off for them too?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了职业运动员值得获得高额薪酬的原因。
5．What does the underlined word “glamorous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Difficult. B．Tiresome.
C．Attractive. D．Organized.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Athletes face injuries that can be not only career-ending but also life-changing.”及画线词所在句子中的while可知，while在这里表示“然而”的意思，是对前后两个事物的对比，由此可知，虽然运动员的生活看起来很“吸引人”，但是运动带给他们的伤痛不仅会终止他们的职业生涯还会改变他们的人生。
6．Which of the following may the author agree with?
A．Professional athletes have no idea about their limits.
B．Injuries are a problem for professional athletes.
C．Retired professional athletes are badly treated.
D．Professional athletes’ careers are short.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“many retired(退休的) athletes have long-term health problems...he can hardly open a water bottle”及第三段中的“The toll(代价) a professional athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain”可知，很多职业运动员都会受到疾病的困扰。
7．What is the author’s attitude to athletes’ high salaries?
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.
C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Athletes need pay that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.”以及第四、五段的内容可知，职业运动员忍受着伤痛并要为巨额的医疗费买单，此外他们也带动了体育行业的发展，为很多人提供了就业机会，因此作者认为职业运动员应该得到高额的薪酬。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Most Impressive Athletes
B．You Can’t Put a Price on Talent
C．You Shouldn’t Push Athletes Hard
D．Salaries in the Professional Sports Industry
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据文中作者对职业运动员该得到高额薪酬的论述及最后一段的内容可知，人们不能给天才定价，他们的付出是无价的。
语法填空
A new study says that going to bed late may be harmful to our health. It may even make our life much shorter. The study 1．____________(carry) out in the United Kingdom. Its researchers spent six and a half years 2.____________(look) at the lifestyles of 430，000 adults between the ages of 38 and 73. They made a 3.____________(compare) between people who went to bed early (early birds) and those who went to bed late (night owls). They found that night owls were 10 percent 4.____________(likely) to die during the period of the study. The researchers 5.____________(conclude) that night owls were at a greater risk of poor health than early birds.
The researchers said society and working patterns should be changed 6.____________(reduce) the risks of poor health for night owls. Researcher Malcolm said，“This is a public health topic 7.____________ can no longer be ignored.” He suggested that night owls should be allowed to start and finish work later in the day 8.____________ they could sleep longer in the morning. He said night owls also got into bad habits 9.____________(easy). In addition, researchers said changing sleeping patterns during 10.____________ week and at weekends could reduce the chances of having health problems for night owls.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，晚睡对人们的健康有害。因此，晚睡的人应该改变工作模式，减少对健康的危害。
1．was carried 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，研究是在英国被做的，陈述过去的事实，故用动词的一般过去时的被动形式。
2．looking 解析：考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”，故填looking。
3．comparison 解析：考查名词。所填词在句中作made的宾语，故用名词形式comparison。
4．more likely 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，晚睡的人更有可能缩短寿命，故用比较级形式more likely。
5．concluded 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，研究已经完成，陈述过去的一个事实，故用动词的过去式形式。
6．to reduce 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词不定式短语to reduce the risks of poor health for night owls在句子中作目的状语。
7．that/which 解析：考查关系代词。关系代词that/which在句子中引导限制性定语从句，作主语。
8．so 解析：考查连词。Malcolm建议晚睡的人应该被允许工作开始和结束晚一点， 这样他们早上能够多睡一会儿。此处表结果，故用so。
9．easily 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词，故用副词形式easily。
10．the 解析：考查冠词。during the week表示“工作日”。
短文改错
Dear Linda，
I am very sorry to hear that you are bad ill and in hospital. Are you getting better now?
Please don’t worry about my illness. All you need to do now is have good rest and follow the doctor’s advices. At present, we are learning some new lessons. They aren’t very difficult, but you don’t need to worry about your study. When you got back to school, we are all willingly to help you with those missing lessons at the weekend. You will not miss on the final exam. Our head teacher, together with our class, are going to the hospital to seeing you next Wednesday.
I hope you will recover soon. Best regards.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Linda，
I am very sorry to hear that you are ill and in hospital. Are you getting better now?
Please don’t worry about illness. All you need to do now is have good rest and follow the doctor’s . At present, we are learning some new lessons. They aren’t very difficult, you don’t need to worry about your study. When you back to school, we are all to help you with those missing lessons at the weekend. You will not miss the final exam. Our head teacher, together with our class, going to the hospital to you next Wednesday.
I hope you will recover soon. Best regards.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅴ Writing
介绍旅游景点
文体感知
1．文体特点
导游词是对游客所参观的景点或进行旅游活动时所做的口头介绍，属于说明文。写作时要注意理清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。文章结构为三层，开头部分引出所需介绍的内容；正文详细描述所需介绍的景点的特色；结束部分表达出美好的祝愿。
2．亮点句式
①It’s so nice to meet you here!
②I feel it a great honour to be your tour guide today.
③It was built in...so it had a very long history.
④It has become the most popular tourist attraction since...
⑤Wish you have a good time and enjoy yourself.
⑥Thanks again for listening. Have a good time!
3．写作模板
Welcome to Chongqing. My name is ________. I am very glad to be your local guide for today’s visit.
Now I’d like to give you a brief introduction of the Three Gorges. The Yangtze Three Gorges ________(就地理位置、面积等作简单介绍)．
Well, look through the windows, please. This is the first one ________ Qutang Gorge ________(对所参观景点进行介绍)．
Time flies. Our visit is coming to an end and it is very difficult for me to say goodbye to you. ________(表示祝愿)．
写作要求
假设你是导游，根据以下内容，用100词左右向游客简单介绍英国的情况。
国家
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国
首都
伦敦(别
称：雾都)
地理位置
欧洲西北部，面向大西洋
人口
约6 444万
面积
24.41万
平方千米
气候
冬暖夏凉，
整年雨量充足
国情
1．由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰组成；
2．历史悠久，景点很多，如大本钟、格林威治等；
3．世界工业化(industrialize)最早的国家之一，对人类工业化(human industrialization)做出了贡献。
审题谋篇
体裁
说明文
话题
导游词
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
结构
首段：简单自我介绍，引出下文
中段：详细向游客介绍英国的情况
尾段：祝愿游客玩得尽兴
词汇推敲
1．冬暖夏凉 warm_winters_and_cool_summers
2．雨量充足 lots_of_rainfall/be_rich_in_rain
3．有……的总面积 have_a_total_area_of...
4．有……的人口 have_a_population_of...
5．作为……而出名 be_well-known_as...
遣词造句
1． 完成句子
①它的气候冬暖夏凉，整年雨量充足。
It enjoys warm_winters_and_cool_summers and has lots of rainfall throughout the year.
②它拥有的总面积为244 100平方千米。
It has a_total_area_of 244，100 square kilometers.
③它的人口大约为6 444万。
It has_a_population_of about 64.44 million.
④它的首都是伦敦，它是著名的雾都。
Its capital is London, which is_well-known_as the City of Fog.
⑤它有很多的名胜古迹，像大本钟、格林威治等。
It has many places_of_interest,_such as Big Ben, Greenwich and so on.
2．句式升级
⑥用with短语改写①。
It_enjoys_warm_winters_and_cool_summers_with_lots_of_rainfall_throughout_the_year.
⑦用with短语合并②③。
It_has_a_total_area_of_244，100_square_kilometers,_with_a_population_of_about_64.44_million.
⑧将④改为含有非谓语作状语的句子。
Its_capital_is_London,_well-known_as_the_City_of_Fog.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Ladies and gentlemen，
I’m glad to be your guide. Now let me introduce the UK to you.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland in the northwest of Europe, facing the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, it enjoys warm winters and cool summers with lots of rainfall throughout the year. It has a total area of 244，100 square kilometers, with a population of about 64.44 million.
Its capital is London, well-known as the City of Fog. Thanks to its long history, it has many places of interest such as Big Ben, Greenwich and so on. Besides, it is among the highly industrialized countries in the world, making great contributions to human industrialization.
I hope you can enjoy yourselves here. Thank you!
为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州，内容包括：
1．杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16 000多平方公里)及历史(2 200多年)等；
2．杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等)；
3．希望更多的游客来杭州参观。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version:
Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city. Dating back more than 2，200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16，000 square kilometers. In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating. In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions. In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.
As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year. Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss.
课件19张PPT。Unit 2 The United Kingdom本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1．consist vi.组成；在于；一致
①In my opinion, our happiness consists in doing something valuable for society.
②The football team, consisting(consist) of 22 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.
2．conflict n.矛盾；冲突
①The two sides had conflicted with each other because of different opinions, which led to a serious conflict finally.
②There have been so many conflicts(conflict) in the world recently. As a result, people are concerned about the world peace.
3．unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)
①Mary is unwilling(will) to take up the job, because she doesn’t like it at all.
②Always saying please and thank you will make your friends more comfortable and willing(will) to offer help when necessary.
4．convenience n.便利；方便
①The electricity was cut off by the terrible storm, which caused great inconvenience(convenience) to the villagers.
②Please come and see me when it is convenient(convenience) for you.
③Cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience(convenient) to our life.
5．attract vt.吸引；引起注意
①These talks were enormously successful, attracting(attract) wide audiences.
②I’m more than delighted to invite you to go to Xi’an which is one of the most famous tourist attractions(attract) in China.
③What attracted(attract) me most to the job was the chance to travel abroad.
6．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理
①My boss arranged(arrange) for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.
②Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
③With their wedding approaching, they are busy making good arrangements(arrange) for it.
7．delight n.快乐；高兴 vt.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜
①我很高兴应邀前来贵校，向大家演讲有关奥运会的历史。
a．Much_to_my_delight,_I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech about the history of the Olympic Games.
b．What_delights_me_is_that I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech about the history of the Olympic Games.
②As far as I know, the little boy takes delight in playing football.
阅读词汇排查练
1．kingdom n． 王国
2．province n. 省；行政区
3．nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的
4．architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术
5．administration n. 管理；行政部门
6．port n. 港口(城市)
7．communism n． 共产主义
8．plus prep. 加上；和
adj. 加的；正的；零上的
9．wedding n. 婚礼
10．fold vt. 折叠；对折
11．royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的
12．splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
13．fax n． 传真(机)
vt. 用传真传输(文件)
14．thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊
15．error n. 错误；过失；谬误
16．currency n. 货币；通货
17．consistent adj. 一致的
重点短语
会书写
1．consist_of 由……组成
2．break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离
3．leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑
4．take_the_place_of 代替
5．divide...into 把……分成
6．to_one’s_credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；
在……名下
7．break_down (机器)损坏；破坏
8．in_memory_of 为了纪念
9．leave_for 动身去某地
10．refer_to 参考，提及
会应用
1．In no way will the Chinese allow Taiwan to break_away_from China.
2．I couldn’t make sense of the passage. You must have left_out some important information while copying it.
3．Though computers can do a lot of work man can’t do, they can’t completely take_the_place_of human beings.
4．The teaching building was named after ShaoYifu in_memory_of his great contributions to the college.
5．It was foolish of you to refer_to your notes in such an important test. As a result, you got punished.
6．The bus I took broke_down on the way this morning. This is why I was late for work.
重点句型
1．过去分词短语作状语
面对这么多要学的新东西，我不知道该做什么。
Faced_with_so_many_new_things_to_learn,_I was at a loss what to do.
2．状语从句的省略
另外，或许最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我真的紧张烦躁。
In addition, what may interest you most is that I am really nervous and upset when_taking_the_exam．
3．It seemed strange/important... that...
看起来很奇怪，他竟然拒绝了我们提出的行之有效的建议。
It seemed strange that he should_have_rejected the practical suggestion put forward by us.
4．find＋宾语＋宾补
他失望地发现他的建议被拒绝了。
He was disappointed to find_his_suggestion_turned_down．
5．It is a pity that...遗憾的是……
我不能参加我侄女的婚礼真是遗憾。
It_is_a_pity_that I can’t attend my niece’s wedding.
6．keep/make＋宾语＋adj.(宾补)
保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。
Keeping_the_environment_clean and free of pollution is the key step to make_life_healthy．
单元语法
1．Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed(wash).
2．Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused(amuse) with her stories.
3．He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself noticed(notice)．
4．During a cold midnight, I saw a thief caught(catch) by the police in the street.
5．When he came back, he was glad to see the work finished(finish)．
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．我们班长列出了去郊游的同学名单。他把名单读了一遍看有没有同学被遗漏。(make a list of; leave out)
2．然后他把名单里的同学分成三组， 每组由15人组成， 每组一旦形成，就要一起行动。(divide...into...; consist of)
3．我们组所乘的车竟然在路上出故障了， 这似乎很奇怪。(break down; it seems strange that...)
4．因为快到了， 没有必要再坐出租车， 所以我们就一起走着去了。
5．很多年以后， 每当谈起难忘的经历的时候， 我们就会发现这次旅行也包括在内。(refer to；find＋宾语＋宾补)
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One possible version：
Our monitor made a list of the students who would go for an outing and read it out to see whether any student was left out. Then he divided the students into three groups, each consisting of 15 people and once formed, each group must work together.It seemed strange that the bus we took should break down on the way. As we were quite near our destination, there was no need to go by taxi, so we all walked there.Many years later, when we refer to some unforgettable experiences, we will find this travel included as well.
课件24张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
