高中英语人教版版选修6 Unit 1　Art（课件+学案+同步练习，16份打包）

一提到文艺复兴时期的艺术，哪怕对西方艺术一知半解的人，都能说出达·芬奇、米开朗基罗、拉斐尔、提香等艺术巨匠，以及《蒙娜丽莎》、《最后的晚餐》、《大卫》、《西斯廷圣母》等传世艺术名作。在大众心目中，文艺复兴艺术一度成为了西方艺术的代名词。
Renaissance Art
Renaissance art is more lifelike than the art of the Middle Ages. Renaissance artists studied perspective(透视法) or the differences in the way things look when they are close to something or far away. The artists painted in the way that showed these differences. As a result, their paintings seem to have depth(深度)．
An artist from Florence named Giotto was one of the first to paint in this new style. Giotto lived more than a century before the beginning of the Renaissance, but his paintings show real emotions. The bodies look solid, and the background of his paintings shows perspective. The art produced during the Renaissance would build upon Giotto’s style.
Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 in the village of Vinci. Leonardo began his career working for a master painter in Florence. Later, Leonardo left his
master and set up his own workshop. People have been trying to guess the secret behind the smile of his Mona Lisa ever since he painted it. His Last Supper shows clearly the different feelings of Jesus and his followers. Leonardo’s fame grew—but not just for his painting. Leonardo was truly a “Renaissance Man”， skilled in many fields. He was a scientist and an inventor as well as an artist.
The Birth of Venus was painted by Italian artist Sandro Botticelli. The painting shows the goddess Venus arrived at the shore after she had appeared from the sea, fully-grown.
Michelangelo Buonarroti of Florence was one of the greatest artists of all time. Like Leonardo, Michelangelo was a “Renaissance Man” of many talents. He was a sculptor, a painter, and an architect. When Michelangelo carved a statue of Moses, he included veins(纹理) and muscles in the arms and legs.　
Section Ⅰ　Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.typical adj.　　　　　 典型的；有代表性的
2.adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养
3.technique n. 技术；方法；技能
4.attempt n．　　　　　　　努力；尝试；企图
vt. 尝试；企图
拓展词汇
5.faith n．信任；信心；信念→faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地
6.evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidence n．证据
7.aim n．目标；目的 vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless adj.无目的的
8.possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．(尤作复数)所有；财产
9.coincidence n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident adj.巧合的；同时发生的；同一时间发生的
10.predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．预言→predictor n．预言者
阅读词汇
11.abstract adj.　　　抽象的；深奥的
n. 摘要
12.sculpture n. 雕塑
13.gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊
14.conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的
15.superb adj.　　　　　　卓越的；杰出的；极好的
16.masterpiece n. 杰作；名著
17.shadow n. 阴影；影子
18.ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
19.controversial adj. 争论的；争议的
重点短语
1.a__great__deal　　　　　　大量
2.on__the__other__hand (可是)另一方面
3.that__is__to__say 也就是说
4.concentrate__on 集中于……
5.by__coincidence 巧合地
6.scores__of　　　　　　　　许多，大量
7.have__faith__in 信任
8.aim...at 瞄准……；把……对准
9.attempt__to__do__sth. 试图做某事
10.break__away__from 脱离(政党等)；放弃；打破(陈规)
重点句型
1.It is evident that...显而易见……
But__it__was__evident__that(但是很显然) ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语又是名词时，句子要完全倒装
Among__the__painters(在那些画家中) who broke away from the traditional style of painting were__the__Impressionists(有印象派画家), who lived and worked in Paris.
3.the first(＋n./pron.)＋to do sth.第一个做某事的……
The Impressionists were the__first__painters__to__work__outdoors(第一批在户外写生的画家).
4.what引导介词后宾语从句
At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what__we__call__“modern__art”(我们所说的“现代艺术”).
5.This is because...这是因为……
This__is__because(这是因为) the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.
Fast-reading
Skim the text and then do the following exercises.
1．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．How religious paintings developed.
B．How oil paintings developed.
C．How Impressionists’ paintings developed.
D．How Western art developed.
答案：D
2．Read the text to find or conclude a topic sentence for each period of Western painting.
(1)The Middle Ages：_____________________________________________________
(2)The Renaissance：_____________________________________________________
(3)Impressionism：_______________________________________________________
(4)Modern Art：_________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.
(2)During the Renaissance，new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.
(3)During Impressionism, the Impressionists broke away from the traditional style of painting and they were the first painters to work outdoors.
(4)At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”．
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．At first, most people hated the Impressionists’ style of painting, because they thought ________．
A．their paintings were very abstract
B．their paintings were very realistic
C．they didn’t break away from the traditional style of painting
D．their paintings were very ridiculous
2．During the Renaissance, painters ________．
A．painted religious scenes in a more realistic style
B．focused more on religion than on humans
C．began to paint outdoors
D．returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art
3．________ discovered how to make paintings look more real by using perspective.
A．Giotto di Bondone B．Masaccio
C．Claude Monet D．Pablo Picasso
4．According to the text, art is influenced less likely by ________.
A．agriculture B．faith of a people
C．social changes D．the customs
答案：1－4.DDBA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
　
[翻译]　但是很显然在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
答案：形式主语；定语
2．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
①本句是一个完全倒装句。
②正常语序为The Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris，were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.。
③句中有两个由关系代词who引导的定语从句，前一个定语从句修饰先行词________，后一个定语从句修饰先行词Impressionists，关系代词who在两个从句中都作________。　
[翻译]　在那些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。
答案：painters；主语
3．At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”．
①本句是一个由________连接的并列复合句。
②前一个分句中At the time they were created作状语，其中they were created是省略了关系词when的定语从句，修饰先行词time。
③后一个分句中what引导________从句，且在从句中作call的宾语。　
[翻译]　在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。
答案：but；宾语
4．On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them.
that is为____________；as we see them with our eyes为方式状语从句；using colour, line and shape to represent them为现在分词短语作____________。　
[翻译]　一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。
答案：插入语；方式状语
①faith[feIθ]n.信任；信心；信念
②consequently
['k?nsIkw?ntlI]adv.所以；因而。相当于in consequence/as a consequence/as a result。
③aim[eIm]n.目标；目的
vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力
④represent[?reprI'zent]vt.展现，表现；展示；代表
representative[?reprI'zent?tIv]adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．代表
⑤conventional[k?n'ven??nl]
adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的
⑥typical ['tIpIkl]adj.典型的；有代表性的
⑦evident['evId?nt]adj.明显的；明白的
It is evident that...显然……　
⑧realistic[rI?'lIstIk]adj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的
⑨renaissance[rI'neIsns; US 'ren?sɑ?ns]n.新生；复兴；复活
the Renaissance文艺复兴(时期)
⑩adopt[?'d?pt]vt.采用；采纳；收养
adopt与adapt(使适应，使适合)是形近词。　
?humanistic
[?hju?m?'nIstIk]adj.人道主义的
?possess[p?'zes] vt.拥有；具有；支配　
possession[p?'ze?n]n.(尤作复数)所有；财产
?superb[su?'p??b；sju?'p??b]
adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的　
?achievement[?'tfi?vm?nt]n.成就；成绩；功绩
?perspective[p?'spektIv]n.透视画法；透视图；观点　
?technique[tek'ni?k]n.技术；方法；技能
?sb.is convinced
某人坚信……
?coincidence[k??'InsId?ns]n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合
by coincidence巧合地
?masterpiece['mɑ?st?pi?s]n.杰作；名著　
?impressionism
[Im'pre??nIz?m]n.印象主义； 印象派
impressionist[Im'pre??nIst]adj.印象派的 n．印象派艺术家
a great deal大量
break away from脱离；逃脱
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
shadow['??d??]n.阴影；影子
ridiculous[rI'dIkj?l?s]adj.荒谬的；可笑的
controversial[?k?ntr?'v???l]
adj.争论的；争议的
scores of很多，大量
that is在此相当于that is to say，意为“也就是说”。
attempt[?'tempt]n.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图
on the other hand(可是)另一方面
predict[prI'dIkt]vt.预言；预告；预测
prediction n．预言；预告
【核心素养链接】
文艺复兴是一场反映新兴资产阶级要求的欧洲思想文化运动，是西欧近代三大思想解放运动(文艺复兴、宗教改革和启蒙运动)之一。文艺复兴最先在意大利各城市兴起，以后扩展到西欧各国，于16世纪达到顶峰。意大利佛罗伦萨作为文艺复兴的发祥地，在诗歌、绘画、雕刻、建筑、音乐等方面均取得了突出成就，其代表人物有诗人但丁(《神曲》)、作家薄伽丘(《十日谈》)、画家达·芬奇(《最后的晚餐》《蒙娜丽莎》)和雕刻家米开朗琪罗(《大卫》)等。
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
Art is influenced by the customs and faith① of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently②， this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.
◆As在此引导原因状语从句，主句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是to describe all of them in such a short text。
◆starting from the sixth century AD是现在分词短语作定语，修饰前面的the most important ones。
The Middle Ages (5th to 15th century AD)
During the Middle Ages, the main aim③ of painters was to represent④ religious themes. A conventional⑤ artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical⑥ picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident⑦ that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic⑧ way.
◆as在此引导方式状语从句。
◆本句中it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语；that引导的从句中又包含一个when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the 13th century。
The Renaissance⑨(15th to 16th century)
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt⑩ a more humanistic? attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess? their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb? palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements?.
◆as well as意为“除……之外，也”，用来连接两个并列成分。当连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数同as well as前的成分保持一致。
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective?. This technique? was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that? they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence?， oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces? for which this period is famous．
◆本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语用的是“had done”形式，主句谓语用的是“would have done”形式。
◆which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的主语oil paints。在该定语从句中过去分词短语used in paintings作定语，修饰the colours；该定语从句中还包含一个“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其中省略了to的动词不定式短语look richer and deeper作宾语补足语。
◆此处是“介词(for)＋关系代词(which)”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词masterpieces。
Impressionism? (late 19th to early 20th century)
In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal , from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
◆Among the painters位于句首，整个句子用了完全倒装。句中who broke away from...painting为定语从句，修饰先行词the painters; who lived...Paris为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Impressionists。
The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.
Modern Art (20th century to today)
At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial , but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores ofmodern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?
◆what在此引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，且what在从句中作call的宾语。
◆本句为主系表结构，because引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
◆but在此连接两个并列的谓语。as在此引导方式状语从句。using colour...them为现在分词短语作方式状语。
◆what在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作定语。
西方绘画简史
艺术受一个民族的风俗和信仰的影响。西方的艺术风格已经经历过多次变革。由于西方艺术有太多不同的风格，在这样短的一篇文章里不可能对它们全部进行描述。因此，本文只描述从公元6世纪以来最重要的那些艺术风格。
中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)
在中世纪时期，画家的主要目的是把宗教的主题表现出来。这个时期传统的画家对如实地展现自然和人物不感兴趣。这个时期的典型绘画充满了宗教象征，体现了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。但是很显然在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
文艺复兴(15世纪到16世纪)
在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期(人们)持有的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题，而采取一种更为人性化的生活态度。同时画家回到了罗马和希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们尽力如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有他们自己的绘画，这样他们就可以装饰他们宏伟的宫殿和豪宅。他们出钱聘请著名的画家画他们自己的肖像、他们的房子和所有物以及他们的活动和成就。
在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画事物。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。人们第一次看到他的画时，他们坚信自己是透过墙上的一个洞来观看真实的场景的。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也被研制出，使得画的颜色看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
印象派(19世纪末期到20世纪初期)
19世纪末期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁移到了新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。
印象派画家是第一批在户外写生的画家。他们渴望把一天中不同时段投射到物体上的光线和阴影展现出来。然而，由于自然光变化很快，印象派画家不得不快速画画。他们的画就不像早期画家的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种绘画风格，对此怒不可遏。他们说这些画家(画画时)漫不经心，他们的画荒谬可笑。
现代艺术(20世纪至今)
在印象派作品的创作初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派画家鼓励艺术家用新的方式来看待环境。现代艺术风格有很多种，但是如果没有印象派画家，那么其中的很多绘画风格就可能不存在了。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。另一方面，有些现代艺术画作如此逼真以至于它们看上去就像是照片。这些风格差别很大。谁能够预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格呢？
阅读理解
A
Tom Dreesen’s life has equally contributed to comedy and philanthropy(慈善). He is excellent at both, and has achieved great success in both areas.
Dreesen has made over 500 appearances on national television as a stand-up comedian, including more than 60 appearances on The Tonight Show. He is a favorite guest of David Letterman, and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence. For 13 years he toured across the country, and has appeared countless times in Las Vegas, Reno and Atlantic City. Tom has acted in many television shows—from Columbo to Murder, She Wrote—and appeared in movies including Man on the Moon and Spaceballs. He has starred in his own TV comedy special, Dreesen Street, and hosted a late night talk show in Chicago, Night Time Starring Tom Dreesen.
Dreesen’s comic style is warm. Daily Variety called him “a professional comedian and one of the most respected family comedians of our time”. Larry Wilde, author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances, “Excellent material, perfect timing, Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.” Frank Sinatra, who called himself a “pub singer”， described Dreesen as a “pub comedian”. “We’re a couple of neighborhood kind of guys，” said Sinatra.
Dreesen has also made an unbelievable mark with his philanthropic activities. For 30 years he has lent his talent(才能) to over 100 charities, and founded a “Day for Darlene” to benefit Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症) Research. He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event, which is named for his late sister who was suffering from multiple sclerosis.
And he’s still going strong. A proud veteran(老兵) of the United States Navy, he continues to perform for US troops all over the world. Tom Dreesen’s hometown of Harvey, Illinois named a street after him. He received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2005.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了喜剧表演家Tom Dreesen的个人成就。
1．In what way did Dreesen help Letterman?
A．He tried to invite Letterman’s favorite guests.
B．He appeared 500 times on Letterman’s shows.
C．He talked highly of Letterman’s shows in public.
D．He took Letterman’s place when he was away.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的He is a favorite guest of David Letterman, and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence.可知，Letterman不在的时候Dreesen会代替他主持节目。
2．What does Larry Wilde think of Dreesen?
A．He is a pub comedian.
B．He is quite warm-hearted.
C．He is good at creating excellent ideas.
D．He is the most respected family comedian.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Larry Wilde, author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances, “Excellent material, perfect timing, Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.”可知，Larry Wilde认为Dreesen能想出绝佳的喜剧段子。
3．What can be learned about “Day for Darlene”？
A．It has a history of 30 years.
B．It was named after a person.
C．It is a charity for various diseases.
D．It was founded by Dreesen and his sister.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event, which is named for his late sister可知，这个项目是以Dreesen妹妹的名字命名的。
4．What does Dreesen do for US troops?
A．He fights in battles.
B．He helps some veterans.
C．He visits the US Navy often.
D．He brings them entertainment.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的he continues to perform for US troops all over the world可知，Dreesen为美国部队进行表演。
B
The Creation of Adam is Michelangelo’s fresco(壁画) painted during 1508 to 1512. The painting is based on the Biblical story of creation and presents more than the artist’s brave point of view. It might only be a part of the Sistine Chapel ceiling, but something about this painting makes it stand out.
In the painting, Adam is located on the left side in a relaxed fashion, and God is presented as a white-bearded elderly man. God’s right arm almost touches Adam’s left hand. Here Adam is receiving life directly from God, and through the life given to him—he will, in turn, give life to all humans.
Michelangelo made The Creation of Adam in such a way that the figure of Adam imitates the figure of God. Adam’s body is curved(弧形的) as he reaches out to God, taking one’s mind to the idea that man is made in similar appearance to God himself. The man’s image appears a mirror reflection of God.
In Michelangelo’s time, creation scenes were a common subject. But The Creation of Adam broke the rules that were set in the field of art. God has always been thought of as a powerful ruler of mankind.One would expect such a personality to be painted wearing royal clothing and such, but Michelangelo reduced him to a simple old man in simple clothes with most of his body exposed. God is shown to be accessible, touchable, and close to his creation.
There are still many explanations regarding the meaning of the painting. Geographers have considered it to be similar to two lands joined but separated by a huge canal. Scientists have analyzed the picture might symbolize(象征) the birth of mankind. Why did Michelangelo make the hands in that way? Why was a space left between two fingers? It is hard to think about it. This one detail is the entire reason why this painting is famous.
【解题导语】　本文介绍了米开朗基罗创作于西斯廷教堂天顶的著名壁画《创造亚当》。
5．The image of God and Adam reaching out to each other symbolizes ________．
A．love to be passed
B．life to be passed
C．the struggle of life
D．equality of humans
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Here Adam is receiving life...give life to all humans.可知，亚当和上帝将手伸向对方的画面代表着生命的传递。
6．How did Michelangelo paint God in a creative way?
A．He painted God as a poor old man.
B．He painted God as an ordinary man.
C．He described God as a powerful ruler.
D．He made God touched by humans.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Michelangelo reduced him to a simple old man in simple clothes...accessible, touchable, and close to his creation可推测，米开朗基罗在画中对上帝进行了创造性的呈现，把他刻画成了普通人。
7．According to the author, what makes the painting so famous?
A．Its location in the Sistine Chapel.
B．Its theme that was commonly used.
C．Its special color that was seldom used.
D．Its secret meaning that is hard to understand.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Why did Michelangelo...is the entire reason why this painting is famous.可推测，作者认为这幅壁画之所以这么有名，主要在于其意义难以猜透。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．A Biblical story of creation.
B．The talents of Michelangelo.
C．The value of The Creation of Adam.
D．An introduction to The Creation of Adam.
D　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了米开朗基罗的著名壁画作品《创造亚当》的一些细节信息。
完形填空
As usual, my life was busy. Every day, I had to __1__ my office on time by 9 am. It was already 8 am. I woke up, freshened up and got dressed, then left for work. It was a(n) __2__ routine for me.
I stood near the road, __3__ at a passing taxi, but had no luck. After 5 minutes, a taxi __4__ and I saw a young man with a black T-shirt, quite unusual for a taxi driver. Without wasting my time in __5__， I boarded the auto. Another __6__ was already in the car, a lady in her mid-forties with makeup and fine jewelry, who seemed to be quite __7__．
After 5 minutes, the taxi __8__ and an elder woman got on the car. Within an instant, the middle-aged lady said that she __9__ to sit with that elder woman and she asked her to get off the car. The elder woman seemed like a __10__， with stains(污迹) of dirt and dust across her clothes. She looked tired and her hands showed that she did hard work for a __11__. Hearing the lady’s words, I was __12__．
“This is my vehicle. I decide who will __13__ or not，” said the driver. “I will pay the __14__ fare，” replied the lady. My anger was nearly out of __15__. I spoke with a burst suddenly, “What the hell are you, human or devil？” The lady got angry and said to the driver, “I will pay you money. Just __16__ this guy here.”
The driver was __17__ angry, “Just get out of my car! I don’t need your __18__．” Then, she had to get off. Unaware of the pace of time, I was __19__ a person’s rights. I was satisfied, __20__ I had been late for work. I was just getting off the taxi when I heard a low rough voice saying “Thank you.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。出租车上，一位富太太不愿意与一位做苦力的女士同坐。于是，作者与出租车司机谴责了她并让她下车。
1．A.clean　　　　　 B．decorate
C．reach D．find
C　解析：根据语境及所给选项可知，作者每天早上需要在九点钟准时到达办公室。
2．A.exciting B．common
C．organized D．practical
B　解析：作者每天早上八点醒来，梳洗穿戴后便出门去上班，这是他平常的生活模式。common符合语境。
3．A.smiling B．waving
C．shouting D．staring
B　解析：作者站在马路边等车，向出租车招手，示意司机停车。
4．A.pulled over B．drove away
C．ran over D．moved back
A　解析：五分钟过后，有一辆车停了下来。pull over在此处意为“停车”。
5．A.commenting B．calculating
C．bargaining D．imagining
C　解析：根据语境可知，作者着急上班，就没有和司机讨价还价。bargaining符合语境。
6．A.driver B．friend
C．employee D．passenger
D　解析：车上还坐了另外一位乘客。
7．A.wealthy B．confident
C．lonely D．friendly
A　解析：根据前文with makeup and fine jewelry可知，这位女士看上去很有钱，是位富太太。
8．A.started B．stopped
C．sped up D．broke down
B　解析：根据语境可知，过了五分钟，车又停下来了，又一位女士上车了。
9．A.hesitated B．chose
C．refused D．managed
C　解析：根据后文she asked her to get off the car可知，这位富太太不愿意和后来的那位女士坐在一起，让她下车。refused符合语境。
10．A.teacher B．cleaner
C．doctor D．cook
B　解析：根据后文with stains(污迹) of dirt and dust across her clothes及所给选项可推测，这位年长的女士可能是清洁工。
11．A.company B．reason
C．living D．moment
C　解析：她(粗糙)的双手表明她是通过做苦力来谋生的。
12．A.crazy B．calm
C．ashamed D．annoyed
D　解析：听到那位富太太说拒绝和这位女士坐在一起并让其下车，作者觉得很恼火。
13．A.pay B．wait
C．speak D．go
D　解析：司机说：“这是我的车，我决定谁下车谁不下车”。
14．A.correct B．high
C．full D．special
C　解析：这时，富太太说道：“我可以付全款”。
15．A.range B．order
C．work D．control
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者已经抑制不住自己的愤怒了，于是谴责了那位富太太。
16．A.leave B．hide
C．beat D．arrest
A　解析：富太太这时也怒了，她对司机说：“我给你钱，你让这家伙就在这下车”。leave符合语境。
17．A.equally B．suddenly
C．finally D．slightly
A　解析：根据语境可知，司机同样很生气。equally符合语境。
18．A.help B．sympathy
C．money D．complaint
C　解析：前文两次提到那个富太太说给司机钱，由此可知，司机让那位富太太下车，并说不需要她的钱。
19．A.looking for B．fighting for
C．making up for D．setting up
B　解析：根据语境可知，作者无暇顾及自己的时间，极力地维护那位女士的基本人权。fight for意为“为……而斗争”，符合语境。
20．A.as if B．in case
C．so that D．even though
D　解析：作者感到很满足，即使他已经迟到了。
课件58张PPT。Unit 1　ArtUnit 1　ArtUnit 1　ArtUnit 1　ArtUnit 1　ArtUnit 1　ArtUnit 1　Arttypical adopttechniqueattemptfaithevidentaimpossesscoincidencepredict抽象的；深奥的摘要雕塑美术陈列室；画廊常规的；传统的；因循守旧的卓越的；杰出的；极好的杰作；名著阴影；影子荒谬的；可笑的争论的；争议的a great dealon the other handthat is to sayconcentrate onby coincidencescores ofhave faith inaim...atattempt to do sth.break away fromBut it was evident thatAmong the painterswere the Impressioniststhe first painters to work outdoorswhat we call “modern art”This is because本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
Tom Dreesen’s life has equally contributed to comedy and philanthropy(慈善). He is excellent at both, and has achieved great success in both areas.
Dreesen has made over 500 appearances on national television as a stand-up comedian, including more than 60 appearances on The Tonight Show. He is a favorite guest of David Letterman, and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence. For 13 years he toured across the country, and has appeared countless times in Las Vegas, Reno and Atlantic City. Tom has acted in many television shows—from Columbo to Murder, She Wrote—and appeared in movies including Man on the Moon and Spaceballs. He has starred in his own TV comedy special, Dreesen Street, and hosted a late night talk show in Chicago, Night Time Starring Tom Dreesen.
Dreesen’s comic style is warm. Daily Variety called him “a professional comedian and one of the most respected family comedians of our time”. Larry Wilde, author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances, “Excellent material, perfect timing, Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.” Frank Sinatra, who called himself a “pub singer”， described Dreesen as a “pub comedian”. “We’re a couple of neighborhood kind of guys，” said Sinatra.
Dreesen has also made an unbelievable mark with his philanthropic activities. For 30 years he has lent his talent(才能) to over 100 charities, and founded a “Day for Darlene” to benefit Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症) Research. He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event, which is named for his late sister who was suffering from multiple sclerosis.
And he’s still going strong. A proud veteran(老兵) of the United States Navy, he continues to perform for US troops all over the world. Tom Dreesen’s hometown of Harvey, Illinois named a street after him. He received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2005.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了喜剧表演家Tom Dreesen的个人成就。
1．In what way did Dreesen help Letterman?
A．He tried to invite Letterman’s favorite guests.
B．He appeared 500 times on Letterman’s shows.
C．He talked highly of Letterman’s shows in public.
D．He took Letterman’s place when he was away.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的He is a favorite guest of David Letterman, and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence.可知，Letterman不在的时候Dreesen会代替他主持节目。
2．What does Larry Wilde think of Dreesen?
A．He is a pub comedian.
B．He is quite warm-hearted.
C．He is good at creating excellent ideas.
D．He is the most respected family comedian.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Larry Wilde, author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances, “Excellent material, perfect timing, Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.”可知，Larry Wilde认为Dreesen能想出绝佳的喜剧段子。
3．What can be learned about “Day for Darlene”？
A．It has a history of 30 years.
B．It was named after a person.
C．It is a charity for various diseases.
D．It was founded by Dreesen and his sister.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event, which is named for his late sister可知，这个项目是以Dreesen妹妹的名字命名的。
4．What does Dreesen do for US troops?
A．He fights in battles.
B．He helps some veterans.
C．He visits the US Navy often.
D．He brings them entertainment.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的he continues to perform for US troops all over the world可知，Dreesen为美国部队进行表演。
B
The Creation of Adam is Michelangelo’s fresco(壁画) painted during 1508 to 1512. The painting is based on the Biblical story of creation and presents more than the artist’s brave point of view. It might only be a part of the Sistine Chapel ceiling, but something about this painting makes it stand out.
In the painting, Adam is located on the left side in a relaxed fashion, and God is presented as a white-bearded elderly man. God’s right arm almost touches Adam’s left hand. Here Adam is receiving life directly from God, and through the life given to him—he will, in turn, give life to all humans.
Michelangelo made The Creation of Adam in such a way that the figure of Adam imitates the figure of God. Adam’s body is curved(弧形的) as he reaches out to God, taking one’s mind to the idea that man is made in similar appearance to God himself. The man’s image appears a mirror reflection of God.
In Michelangelo’s time, creation scenes were a common subject. But The Creation of Adam broke the rules that were set in the field of art. God has always been thought of as a powerful ruler of mankind.One would expect such a personality to be painted wearing royal clothing and such, but Michelangelo reduced him to a simple old man in simple clothes with most of his body exposed. God is shown to be accessible, touchable, and close to his creation.
There are still many explanations regarding the meaning of the painting. Geographers have considered it to be similar to two lands joined but separated by a huge canal. Scientists have analyzed the picture might symbolize(象征) the birth of mankind. Why did Michelangelo make the hands in that way? Why was a space left between two fingers? It is hard to think about it. This one detail is the entire reason why this painting is famous.
【解题导语】　本文介绍了米开朗基罗创作于西斯廷教堂天顶的著名壁画《创造亚当》。
5．The image of God and Adam reaching out to each other symbolizes ________．
A．love to be passed
B．life to be passed
C．the struggle of life
D．equality of humans
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Here Adam is receiving life...give life to all humans.可知，亚当和上帝将手伸向对方的画面代表着生命的传递。
6．How did Michelangelo paint God in a creative way?
A．He painted God as a poor old man.
B．He painted God as an ordinary man.
C．He described God as a powerful ruler.
D．He made God touched by humans.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Michelangelo reduced him to a simple old man in simple clothes...accessible, touchable, and close to his creation可推测，米开朗基罗在画中对上帝进行了创造性的呈现，把他刻画成了普通人。
7．According to the author, what makes the painting so famous?
A．Its location in the Sistine Chapel.
B．Its theme that was commonly used.
C．Its special color that was seldom used.
D．Its secret meaning that is hard to understand.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Why did Michelangelo...is the entire reason why this painting is famous.可推测，作者认为这幅壁画之所以这么有名，主要在于其意义难以猜透。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．A Biblical story of creation.
B．The talents of Michelangelo.
C．The value of The Creation of Adam.
D．An introduction to The Creation of Adam.
D　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了米开朗基罗的著名壁画作品《创造亚当》的一些细节信息。
完形填空
As usual, my life was busy. Every day, I had to __1__ my office on time by 9 am. It was already 8 am. I woke up, freshened up and got dressed, then left for work. It was a(n) __2__ routine for me.
I stood near the road, __3__ at a passing taxi, but had no luck. After 5 minutes, a taxi __4__ and I saw a young man with a black T-shirt, quite unusual for a taxi driver. Without wasting my time in __5__， I boarded the auto. Another __6__ was already in the car, a lady in her mid-forties with makeup and fine jewelry, who seemed to be quite __7__．
After 5 minutes, the taxi __8__ and an elder woman got on the car. Within an instant, the middle-aged lady said that she __9__ to sit with that elder woman and she asked her to get off the car. The elder woman seemed like a __10__， with stains(污迹) of dirt and dust across her clothes. She looked tired and her hands showed that she did hard work for a __11__. Hearing the lady’s words, I was __12__．
“This is my vehicle. I decide who will __13__ or not，” said the driver. “I will pay the __14__ fare，” replied the lady. My anger was nearly out of __15__. I spoke with a burst suddenly, “What the hell are you, human or devil？” The lady got angry and said to the driver, “I will pay you money. Just __16__ this guy here.”
The driver was __17__ angry, “Just get out of my car! I don’t need your __18__．” Then, she had to get off. Unaware of the pace of time, I was __19__ a person’s rights. I was satisfied, __20__ I had been late for work. I was just getting off the taxi when I heard a low rough voice saying “Thank you.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。出租车上，一位富太太不愿意与一位做苦力的女士同坐。于是，作者与出租车司机谴责了她并让她下车。
1．A.clean　　　　　 B．decorate
C．reach D．find
C　解析：根据语境及所给选项可知，作者每天早上需要在九点钟准时到达办公室。
2．A.exciting B．common
C．organized D．practical
B　解析：作者每天早上八点醒来，梳洗穿戴后便出门去上班，这是他平常的生活模式。common符合语境。
3．A.smiling B．waving
C．shouting D．staring
B　解析：作者站在马路边等车，向出租车招手，示意司机停车。
4．A.pulled over B．drove away
C．ran over D．moved back
A　解析：五分钟过后，有一辆车停了下来。pull over在此处意为“停车”。
5．A.commenting B．calculating
C．bargaining D．imagining
C　解析：根据语境可知，作者着急上班，就没有和司机讨价还价。bargaining符合语境。
6．A.driver B．friend
C．employee D．passenger
D　解析：车上还坐了另外一位乘客。
7．A.wealthy B．confident
C．lonely D．friendly
A　解析：根据前文with makeup and fine jewelry可知，这位女士看上去很有钱，是位富太太。
8．A.started B．stopped
C．sped up D．broke down
B　解析：根据语境可知，过了五分钟，车又停下来了，又一位女士上车了。
9．A.hesitated B．chose
C．refused D．managed
C　解析：根据后文she asked her to get off the car可知，这位富太太不愿意和后来的那位女士坐在一起，让她下车。refused符合语境。
10．A.teacher B．cleaner
C．doctor D．cook
B　解析：根据后文with stains(污迹) of dirt and dust across her clothes及所给选项可推测，这位年长的女士可能是清洁工。
11．A.company B．reason
C．living D．moment
C　解析：她(粗糙)的双手表明她是通过做苦力来谋生的。
12．A.crazy B．calm
C．ashamed D．annoyed
D　解析：听到那位富太太说拒绝和这位女士坐在一起并让其下车，作者觉得很恼火。
13．A.pay B．wait
C．speak D．go
D　解析：司机说：“这是我的车，我决定谁下车谁不下车”。
14．A.correct B．high
C．full D．special
C　解析：这时，富太太说道：“我可以付全款”。
15．A.range B．order
C．work D．control
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者已经抑制不住自己的愤怒了，于是谴责了那位富太太。
16．A.leave B．hide
C．beat D．arrest
A　解析：富太太这时也怒了，她对司机说：“我给你钱，你让这家伙就在这下车”。leave符合语境。
17．A.equally B．suddenly
C．finally D．slightly
A　解析：根据语境可知，司机同样很生气。equally符合语境。
18．A.help B．sympathy
C．money D．complaint
C　解析：前文两次提到那个富太太说给司机钱，由此可知，司机让那位富太太下车，并说不需要她的钱。
19．A.looking for B．fighting for
C．making up for D．setting up
B　解析：根据语境可知，作者无暇顾及自己的时间，极力地维护那位女士的基本人权。fight for意为“为……而斗争”，符合语境。
20．A.as if B．in case
C．so that D．even though
D　解析：作者感到很满足，即使他已经迟到了。
Section Ⅱ　Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
faith　n．信任；信心；信念
(教材P1)Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.
艺术受一个民族的风俗和信仰的影响。
(1)have/lose faith in　　 对……有/没有信心
(2)faithful adj. 忠实的
be faithful to 对……忠实
(3)faithfully adv. 忠实地
①I’m more than delighted to know you have such faith in me.　知道你如此信任我， 我很高兴。
②No matter what happens, you should not lose faith in yourself.
不管发生什么， 你都不要对自己失去信心。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①She has served the family faithfully(faith) for thirty years.
②The boy is optimistic and always has faith in his future.
aim　n．目标；目的　vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)A paper-cutting exhibition will be held with the aim of promoting Chinese traditional culture.
旨在促进中国的传统文化， 将举办一次剪纸艺术展。
(1)with the aim of　　　　 以期……，意在……
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
take aim at 向……瞄准
(2)aim at doing sth. 力争做到某事
aim to do sth. 旨在做某事
be aimed at (计划或想法等)
旨在……，目的是……
(3)aimless adj. 无目的的
①As an old saying goes, living without a clear aim is like sailing without a compass.
正如一句老话所说，生活中没有明确的目标就像航海中没有指南针一样。
②This activity is aimed at improving people’s awareness of environmental protection.
这项活动的目的是提高人们的环保意识。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”， aiming(aim) to introduce American customs.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school aimed(aim) at developing our interests and improving our skills.
③There was a time when he had nothing to do, wandering aimlessly(aim) in the street all the day.
[链接写作]——句式升级
④(普通表达)This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking. It is very popular.
(高级表达)Aimed__at__improving__the__students’__ability__of__listening__and__speaking,__this activity is very popular.(分词作状语)
typical　adj.典型的；有代表性的
(教材P2)A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God.
这个时期的典型绘画充满了宗教象征，体现了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。
(1)be typical of sth.　　　　　 具有……的典型特征；
是典型的……
It is typical of sb.to do sth. 某人一向……
(2)typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；
一向如此
①It’s about a Chinese romantic story, typical of Chinese culture.
那是一个具有典型中国文化特色的浪漫故事。
②Jack is late again.It is typical of him to keep others waiting.
杰克又迟到了。他一向让别人等。
[链接写作]——完成句子
在期末考试前，学生们经常看书到深夜。
It__is__typical__of__students__to__stay__up reading till late night before the final exam.
evident　adj.明显的；明白的
(经典例句)It is evident that the education of the young is vital to the future of a country.
很明显，年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
(1)It is/was evident that...　 显然……
(2)evidence n. 证据；根据
(3)evidently adv. 明显地；显然
①It is evident that his aim is hard to achieve，but I still have faith in him.
显而易见，他的目标很难实现，但是我仍旧对他有信心。
②A new study has found convincing evidence that there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
一项新研究发现可靠证据表明吸烟与肺癌之间有直接联系。
[链接写作]——一句多译
显而易见， 他不能胜任这份工作。
①It__is__evident/obvious__that he is not equal to the job.
②Evidently/Obviously,__he is not fit for the job.
adopt　vt.采用；采纳；收养
(教材P2)People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.
人们开始较少关注宗教主题，而采取一种更为人性化的生活态度。
(1)adopt one’s suggestion　　　　 采纳某人的建议
(2)adopted adj. 被收养的
(3)adoption n. 采用；采纳；收养
①In the face of great pressure, I think, we should adopt an optimistic attitude.
面对巨大压力， 我认为我们应该采取一种乐观的态度。
②The manager adopted his suggestion, which made him very happy.
经理采纳了他的建议，这使他非常高兴。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Danny is their adopted(adopt) son, but they treat him as their own son.
②So far, we have__adopted(adopt) a number of measures to treat his disease.
[链接写作]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)It’s high time for us to take different approaches to solving the social problem.
(高级表达)It’s high time that__we__adopted different approaches to solving the social problem.(升级为定语从句)
possess　vt.拥有；具有；支配
(经典例句)Only by possessing a good state of mind can we achieve our goal.
只有拥有一个好的心态，我们才能实现目标。
(1)be possessed of　 　　 具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)possession n. (常作复数)所有物；财产
in possession of 占有；拥有；持有
in the possession of sb. 为某人所有；在某人的控制下
①I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.
我恐怕他没有什么幽默感。
②After the old man died, all of his possessions were handed down to his son.
老人去世后，他所有的财产传给了他的儿子。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①When you get out of the taxi, make sure that none of your possessions(possess) are left behind.
②It seems that we value what we are trying to get more than what we possess(possession) right now.
[链接写作]——一句多译
据我所知，他拥有一个大公司。
③As far as I know, he is in__possession__of a large company.
④As far as I know, a large company is in__the__possession__of him.
⑤As far as I know, he possesses a large company.
by coincidence　巧合地
(教材P2)By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.
巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也被研制出，使得画的颜色看上去更丰富、更深沉。
It is/was a coincidence that...　　 巧合的是……
What a coincidence! 真巧！
①It was a coincidence that an ambulance was passing by when he got injured.
当他受伤时，碰巧有辆救护车经过。
②What a coincidence! I wasn’t expecting to see you here.
真巧！我没料想到会在这里见到你。
[即学即练]——完成句子
巧合的是，两个团队采用了相同的方法来应对这个问题。
By__coincidence,__the two teams adopted the same approach to the problem.
a great deal　大量
(教材P2)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.
19世纪末期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。
(1)a great deal“大量”，起名词作用，在句中可以作主语、宾语等。
(2)a great deal“非常，很”，在句中作状语，可修饰动词或形容词、副词比较级。
(3)a great deal of后跟不可数名词。
①As a matter of fact, I learned a great deal from her.
事实上我从她身上学到了很多。
②It took me a great deal of time to make sense of the abstract theories.
弄明白这些抽象的理论花费了我大量的时间。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①After taking some medicine, he felt a great deal better(good)．
②A great number of people suffered a great deal in the earthquake.
③A great deal of work has__been__done(do) to improve people’s living standard.
attempt　n．努力；尝试；企图　vt.尝试；企图
(经典例句)If you fail at the first attempt, there is no need to care about that.
如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要担心。
(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.
　　　　　　　　　　 尝试做某事
at one’s/the first attempt (某人)第一次尝试
(2)attempt to do sth. 企图做某事；尝试做某事
①In my view，parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.
就我个人而言，父母们正在通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。
②(2018·北京卷)Soon the tea room became lively with every international student attempting to make their own tea.
由于每个外国学生都试着自己泡茶，整个茶馆很快活跃起来。
[链接写作]——一句多译
我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
①I’ve__attempted__to__convince her of his honesty, but failed.
②I’ve__made__an__attempt__to__convince her of his honesty, but failed.
③I’ve__made__an__attempt__at__convincing her of his honesty, but failed.
on the other hand　(可是)另一方面(常与on the one hand对应使用)
(经典例句)On the other hand, they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
另一方面，他们能丰富我的生活并且给我提供极大的乐趣。
(1)on the one hand...on the other (hand)．..
　　　　　　　 一方面……另一方面……
(2)first(ly)．..second(ly)．..
第一……第二……
(3)for one thing...for another...
一则……二则……
①The job wasn’t very interesting, but on the other hand, it was well-paid.
这份工作没多大意思， 但另一方面， 工资很高。
②To improve your English，first(ly)，you should listen more；second(ly), you should read more.
为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。
③For one thing, I have no money; for another, I’m too busy.　一则我没有钱，二则我太忙。
[链接写作]——高考小作文
(2018·浙江卷6月)一方面， 我精通英语， 另一方面，我有陪伴外国朋友的经验。
On__the__one__hand,__I have a good command of English; on__the__other__hand,__I have some experience in accompanying foreign friends.
without引起的含蓄虚拟条件句
(教材P2)Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
(1)“without/but for＋名词”可取代if引导的虚拟条件从句，主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。
(2)除了without, but for 之外， otherwise, but 等也常用来表示虚拟条件。
Without excellent education, there would be no advanced science and technology.
没有良好的教育就没有先进的科学和技术。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Without your ticket, I wouldn’t__be(not be) able to go to the concert tomorrow.
②Without the teacher’s praise, I wouldn’t__have__made(not make) so much progress.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③没有你的帮助的话，我上周可能考试就通不过。
Without your help，I would__have__failed__the exam last week.
“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装句式
(教材P2)Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
在那些脱离传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。
当表示地点的介词短语位于句首，主语又是名词时，句子的主语与谓语要完全倒装。
Next door to ours live a foreign couple, who have got used to living in China.　我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们已经习惯了中国的生活。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Between you and your dreams stands(stand) a lot of hard work.
②Among all these flowers is__included(include) a kind of red rose, which was given by my friend.
[链接写作]——句式升级
③(普通表达)There is a temple on the top of the hill. The temple dates back to Ming Dynasty.
(高级表达)On the top of the hill stands__a__temple__dating__back__to Ming Dynasty.(分词作定语的倒装句)
This/That/It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”
(教材P3)This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.
这是因为印象派画家鼓励艺术家用新的方式来看待环境。
(1)This/That/It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”。because在这个句型中引导表语从句，表示原因。
(2)This/That/It is why...意为“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。
(3)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……
①You have made rapid progress; this is because he helps you a lot.
你进步很快，这是因为他经常帮助你。
②Tom was ill. That was why he was absent from class.
汤姆病了，那就是他缺课的原因。
[链接写作]——一句多译
环境状况正在恶化，那是因为我们人类违反了自然规律。
①The environment is getting worse and worse; that__is__because we humans go against nature.
②We humans go against nature; __that’s__why the environment is getting worse and worse.
③The__reason__why the environment is getting worse and worse is__that we humans go against nature.
品句填词
1．It is very difficult to predict(预测) what the long-term effects of the accident will be.
2．After the big earthquake, many children became homeless, so the old couple adopted(收养) an orphan.
3．This painting is fairly typical(典型的) of his early works.
4．My mother is called Anna, and by coincidence(巧合), my wife’s mother is also called Anna.
5．She is rather conventional(传统的) in her daily life, so she never goes to any pub at night.
6．It is evident(明显的) that the young man is unwilling to leave his hometown.
7．This rare stamp, dating back to 150 years ago, is in the possession(拥有) of an unknown collector.
8．If your technique(技术) is not good enough, it is impossible to play the piano in the studio.
9．Though you are going through a difficult period，you shouldn’t lose faith(信心) in yourself.
10．He aims(以……为目标) to be a successful astronaut like Yang Liwei.
单句改错
1．Wang Yaping has become the second Chinese woman astronaut work in space.work前加to
2．He is always very rude, that is why people tend to avoid him.that→which
3．You can’t be in the possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.去掉第一个the
4．It was coincidence that he was born on his mother’s birthday.coincidence前加a
5．The children learned a great deal of from the trip to the mountainous village.去掉of
完成句子
1．罗伯特·皮尔里是一名伟大的探险家，他是世界上第一位到达北极的人。
Robert Peary was a great explorer, who was the__first__man in the world to__reach the North Pole.
2．有些画家如实地画植物和动物。
Some painters drew plants and animals as__they__really were．
3．很明显出事了，于是我走过去，问他是否需要帮助。
It__was__evident__that something was wrong, so I approached asking if he needed help.
4．现在很多成年人通过我们称之为远程学习的方法来获得知识和文凭。
Nowadays, a great many adults gain knowledge and diplomas by using what__we__call distance learning.
5．另一方面，许多男人有待在家里照顾孩子的想法。
Many men, on__the__other__hand,__have the idea of staying at home and looking after the children.
6．明天不但学生们要参加毕业典礼，老师也要参加。
The teacher as well as his students is__going__to__attend the graduation ceremony tomorrow.
课文语法填空
There are many different styles of Western art. This text will describe four most important ones, 1.beginning(begin) from the sixth century AD. During the Middle Ages from 5th to 15th century AD, the main aim of painters was 2.to__represent(represent) religious themes. A typical picture then was filled with religious 3.symbols(symbol). In the 13th century painters began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
During the Renaissance from 15th to 16th century, people began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt 4.a more humanistic attitude to life. Painters tried to paint people and nature as they really 5.were(be). Besides, perspective was used to draw things. 6.By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at that time.
In the late 19th century, painting styles 7.greatly(great) changed. The Impressionists, who were the first painters to paint outdoors, 8.appeared(appear). They painted so quickly that their paintings were not as detailed as those of 9.earlier(early) painters. Today, the Impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of 10.what we call “modern art”. Some modern art is abstract, while some realistic.
单句语法填空
1．Please remember to take all your personal possessions(possess) with you when you get off the bus.
2．We wanted a computer in the classroom and to our delight, the idea was__adopted(adopt)．
3．Henry wants to keep two dogs in our small house. I think it is one of the most__ridiculous(ridiculous) things I have ever heard.
4．There are so many galleries(gallery) in New York that tourists don’t know which one they should visit.
5．The servant had been serving his owner faithfully(faithful) for years and he was given a gold watch when he left.
6．It has now become evident(evidence) to us that a big mistake has been made.
7．Lucy, aiming(aim) to finish the project ahead of schedule, has been working for three months without a break.
8．Last summer holiday, I went to the countryside and worked with farmers. In this way I learnt a great deal from them.
9．We have reached an agreement that the last one to__arrive(arrive) should pay the meal.
10．It’s typical of him to__set(set) his aim high but do little，so he is always leaving things undone.
阅读理解
A
Hillcrest Museum
Enjoy an experience of digging up the past. Handle pieces of ancient tools and other objects from many countries. Learn to date them and see what they tell us about how people lived then. School groups should book in advance.
Open daily from July 1 until Labor Day weekend.
Admission fees are $5.00 per adult, $3.00 per student; children under 5 are free.
Red House
Travel back to the time of the novelist Charlotte Bront? and find out about her friends and local connections. Discover the comforts and discomforts of the 1830s country home where Charlotte sometimes stayed as a guest of Joshua Taylor’s family and got ideas for her novel Shirley.
Admission by guided tour only at 11 am.
Last admission: 45 minutes before closing.
Admission fees are $8.00 per adult, $4.00 per child.
Castle Museum
The castle was built looking down on the valley of the River Dean. It is now a museum, where you can learn how the valley has changed over millions of years. There is a collection of interesting rocks found in the area, and pictures showing how the valley probably looked in prehistoric times.
Hours & Admission
Tuesday－Saturday：10 am－4：30 pm
Adults：$1
Children：50 cents
Shandy Hall
Here in the 1760s, Laurence Sterne wrote The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. His fifteenth-century house is now surrounded by a large garden full of beautiful and unusual plants. Inside there is an important collection of Sterne’s novels plus the original drawings which were included in his works.
The house is open daily from May 1 to September 30.
Visits to the house by tour only at 2 pm and 3 pm or by appointment.
House admission：$5.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章是对四个博物馆的介绍。
1．How much should a couple with their 4-year-old kid pay to visit Hillcrest Museum?
A．$10.00.　　　　 B．$13.00.
C．$15.00. D．$20.00.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Hillcrest Museum中的Admission fees are $5.00 per adult, $3.00 per student; children under 5 are free.可知，Hillcrest Museum的门票是成年人每人5美元，5岁以下儿童免费，所以一对夫妻带一个4岁孩子的票价应该是5＋5＝10美元。
2．Which museum can help you know about Charlotte Bront?？
A．Hillcrest Museum. B．Red House.
C．Castle Museum. D．Shandy Hall.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Red House中的Discover the comforts...got ideas for her novel Shirley.可知，在Red House你可以了解到有关Charlotte Bront?的信息。
3．What can you find in Castle Museum?
A．A variety of rocks.
B．World-famous pictures.
C．A large beautiful garden.
D．Old tools from many countries.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Castle Museum中的There is a collection of interesting rocks found in the area可知，在Castle Museum你可以看到一些有趣的岩石。
B
It seems like there’s never enough time—not enough for sleep and play, not enough for cooking and exercise. There’s a relatively new term to describe this feeling: “time famine”， or the feeling of having too much to do without enough time to do it. In order to structure what little time we feel we have, one strategy we use is scheduling, which is considered to make us more efficient.
But in a new study, researchers found something surprising about scheduling. They had half of the participants imagine that a friend would be coming over in an hour, while the other half were told to imagine they had no plans. They asked all of them how many minutes they personally felt like they could spend reading during that same hour. The first group reported that they had only 40 usable minutes for reading. Those from the second group felt as if they had 49 minutes to read.
Why might this happen? When an appointment is on the way, we may mentally prepare for it or simply fear it. This makes the future appointment feel more important; as a result, the time leading up to the scheduled activity feels limited.
But in the end, you still have the same amount of time. So your feeling shouldn’t really matter, right? But it does. The feeling by itself can influence what people decide to do. We know that when something is scarce(稀少的), people consider it more valuable and are less willing to part with it. The same is true for time. If time feels limited, people are less likely to use it—even when it’s in their best interest.
If you love planning out your days, a trick could be to schedule tasks back-to-back, which leaves you with larger chunks of unscheduled time. It can be effective to remind yourself that time isn’t as short as it feels. Even if you don’t think you’ll have enough time to complete something, you can still start a task and finish it later.
【解题导语】　人们经常通过制定日程安排来规划时间，但一项研究表明，制定日程安排事实上会降低人们的做事效率。
4．The study in Paragraph 2 shows that people who have a schedule________．
A．tend to be less bored than others
B．enjoy enough time to get relaxed
C．may feel they have less time left
D．have no need to make preparations
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的The first group reported that they had only 40 usable minutes...they had 49 minutes to read.可知，有日程安排的人会感到可支配的时间较少。
5．When people have an upcoming appointment, they tend to________．
A．make small mistakes
B．direct their attention to it
C．change their current schedule
D．talk about important problems
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的When an appointment is on the way, we may mentally prepare for it...feel more important...可推断，有即将到来的约会时，人们容易把注意力集中在这个约会上。
6．Paragraph 4 implies that scheduling can actually________.
A．do little to reduce people’s stress
B．lead to achievements in the long run
C．help people realize valuable things in life
D．stop people from making full use of their time
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的The feeling by itself can influence what people decide to do...If time feels limited, people are less likely to use it...可知，制定日程安排会让人难以充分利用时间。
7．What can be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Better Plan Your Time
B．The Importance of Keeping Organized
C．The Psychology Behind Putting Things Off
D．How Scheduling Makes You Less Productive
D　解析：标题归纳题。本文主要通过一项研究分析了制定日程表是如何降低人们的做事效率的。
七选五
Labor Day is a holiday in the United States that is officially celebrated on the first Monday of each September. Of course, there is more to Labor Day than a long weekend. 1.________ The Central Labor Union engineered the first event as more of a demonstration. It was intended to provide for a holiday that celebrated the working people as well as their contributions to society.
Labor Day was first celebrated in New York. The date chosen was 5 September, and it was celebrated on that date in both 1883 and 1884. The following year, the decision was made to celebrate it on the first Monday of September. Other unions were encouraged to participate. 2.________
Over the next few years, several local governments made Labor Day legislation(立法) to make things more official. The first state to take a similar measure was Oregon. 3.________ Nearly a decade later the nation made the first Monday of each September a legal, national holiday.
Labor Day is celebrated differently than many other US holidays because it is different in nature. It’s not dedicated to war heroes or to one remarkable person, but to all those who work hard to help make America great. 4.________ No other holidays are centered around the average person.
5．________ Some have picnics, barbecues, or parties, while others attend festivals, parades, or even speeches. Some just use the day off for much needed rest and relaxation. The issue really isn’t about how Labor Day is celebrated; it’s who is celebrated that is important.
A．More states followed its example.
B．It wasn’t always a national holiday.
C．Before long, Labor Day was a hit in many areas.
D．Different people celebrate Labor Day in different ways.
E．For people in other countries, Labor Day is less important.
F．It’s a celebration of people working for the American dream.
G．All government offices and organizations are closed on that day.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国劳动节的来历和发展。
1．B　解析：此空设于段中，引出下文内容。下文提到劳动节的最初形式和创立目的，由此可知劳动节并非一直是一个全国性的节日。
2．C　解析：此空设于段尾，总结上文内容。上文介绍了劳动节的首次庆祝、日期确定和更多工会的庆祝活动，由此可知庆祝劳动节在许多地方备受欢迎。
3．A　解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出劳动节进入立法，下文指出国家最终立法使得劳动节成为官方节日，由此可知多个州效仿了俄勒冈州的立法举措。
4．F　解析：此空设于段中，承接上文并引出下文。上文提到劳动节是为了致敬让美国强大的所有人，下文指出其他节日的侧重点不是平民，由此可知劳动节是为怀揣美国梦的人庆祝的节日。
5．D　解析：此空设于段首，总结下文内容。根据下文Some have picnics, barbecues, or parties...Some just...needed rest and relaxation.可知，不同的人庆祝劳动节的方式不尽相同。
课件40张PPT。Unit 1　ArtfaithfullyinaimingaimedaimlesslyAimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speakingIt is typical of students to stay upIt is evident/obvious thatEvidently/Obviouslyadoptedhave adoptedthat we adoptedpossessionspossessin possession of in the possession ofpossessesBy coincidencebetterahas been doneI’ve attempted to convinceI’ve made an attempt to convinceI’ve made an attempt at convincingOn the one handon the other handwouldn’t bewouldn’t have madewould have failedstandsis includedstands a temple dating back tothat is becausethat’s whyThe reason whyis that本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．It is very difficult to predict(预测) what the long-term effects of the accident will be.
2．After the big earthquake, many children became homeless, so the old couple adopted(收养) an orphan.
3．This painting is fairly typical(典型的) of his early works.
4．My mother is called Anna, and by coincidence(巧合), my wife’s mother is also called Anna.
5．She is rather conventional(传统的) in her daily life, so she never goes to any pub at night.
6．It is evident(明显的) that the young man is unwilling to leave his hometown.
7．This rare stamp, dating back to 150 years ago, is in the possession(拥有) of an unknown collector.
8．If your technique(技术) is not good enough, it is impossible to play the piano in the studio.
9．Though you are going through a difficult period，you shouldn’t lose faith(信心) in yourself.
10．He aims(以……为目标) to be a successful astronaut like Yang Liwei.
单句改错
1．Wang Yaping has become the second Chinese woman astronaut work in space.work前加to
2．He is always very rude, that is why people tend to avoid him.that→which
3．You can’t be in the possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.去掉第一个the
4．It was coincidence that he was born on his mother’s birthday.coincidence前加a
5．The children learned a great deal of from the trip to the mountainous village.去掉of
完成句子
1．罗伯特·皮尔里是一名伟大的探险家，他是世界上第一位到达北极的人。
Robert Peary was a great explorer, who was the__first__man in the world to__reach the North Pole.
2．有些画家如实地画植物和动物。
Some painters drew plants and animals as__they__really were．
3．很明显出事了，于是我走过去，问他是否需要帮助。
It__was__evident__that something was wrong, so I approached asking if he needed help.
4．现在很多成年人通过我们称之为远程学习的方法来获得知识和文凭。
Nowadays, a great many adults gain knowledge and diplomas by using what__we__call distance learning.
5．另一方面，许多男人有待在家里照顾孩子的想法。
Many men, on__the__other__hand,__have the idea of staying at home and looking after the children.
6．明天不但学生们要参加毕业典礼，老师也要参加。
The teacher as well as his students is__going__to__attend the graduation ceremony tomorrow.
课文语法填空
There are many different styles of Western art. This text will describe four most important ones, 1.beginning(begin) from the sixth century AD. During the Middle Ages from 5th to 15th century AD, the main aim of painters was 2.to__represent(represent) religious themes. A typical picture then was filled with religious 3.symbols(symbol). In the 13th century painters began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
During the Renaissance from 15th to 16th century, people began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt 4.a more humanistic attitude to life. Painters tried to paint people and nature as they really 5.were(be). Besides, perspective was used to draw things. 6.By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at that time.
In the late 19th century, painting styles 7.greatly(great) changed. The Impressionists, who were the first painters to paint outdoors, 8.appeared(appear). They painted so quickly that their paintings were not as detailed as those of 9.earlier(early) painters. Today, the Impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of 10.what we call “modern art”. Some modern art is abstract, while some realistic.
单句语法填空
1．Please remember to take all your personal possessions(possess) with you when you get off the bus.
2．We wanted a computer in the classroom and to our delight, the idea was__adopted(adopt)．
3．Henry wants to keep two dogs in our small house. I think it is one of the most__ridiculous(ridiculous) things I have ever heard.
4．There are so many galleries(gallery) in New York that tourists don’t know which one they should visit.
5．The servant had been serving his owner faithfully(faithful) for years and he was given a gold watch when he left.
6．It has now become evident(evidence) to us that a big mistake has been made.
7．Lucy, aiming(aim) to finish the project ahead of schedule, has been working for three months without a break.
8．Last summer holiday, I went to the countryside and worked with farmers. In this way I learnt a great deal from them.
9．We have reached an agreement that the last one to__arrive(arrive) should pay the meal.
10．It’s typical of him to__set(set) his aim high but do little，so he is always leaving things undone.
阅读理解
A
Hillcrest Museum
Enjoy an experience of digging up the past. Handle pieces of ancient tools and other objects from many countries. Learn to date them and see what they tell us about how people lived then. School groups should book in advance.
Open daily from July 1 until Labor Day weekend.
Admission fees are $5.00 per adult, $3.00 per student; children under 5 are free.
Red House
Travel back to the time of the novelist Charlotte Bront? and find out about her friends and local connections. Discover the comforts and discomforts of the 1830s country home where Charlotte sometimes stayed as a guest of Joshua Taylor’s family and got ideas for her novel Shirley.
Admission by guided tour only at 11 am.
Last admission: 45 minutes before closing.
Admission fees are $8.00 per adult, $4.00 per child.
Castle Museum
The castle was built looking down on the valley of the River Dean. It is now a museum, where you can learn how the valley has changed over millions of years. There is a collection of interesting rocks found in the area, and pictures showing how the valley probably looked in prehistoric times.
Hours & Admission
Tuesday－Saturday：10 am－4：30 pm
Adults：$1
Children：50 cents
Shandy Hall
Here in the 1760s, Laurence Sterne wrote The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. His fifteenth-century house is now surrounded by a large garden full of beautiful and unusual plants. Inside there is an important collection of Sterne’s novels plus the original drawings which were included in his works.
The house is open daily from May 1 to September 30.
Visits to the house by tour only at 2 pm and 3 pm or by appointment.
House admission：$5.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章是对四个博物馆的介绍。
1．How much should a couple with their 4-year-old kid pay to visit Hillcrest Museum?
A．$10.00.　　　　 B．$13.00.
C．$15.00. D．$20.00.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Hillcrest Museum中的Admission fees are $5.00 per adult, $3.00 per student; children under 5 are free.可知，Hillcrest Museum的门票是成年人每人5美元，5岁以下儿童免费，所以一对夫妻带一个4岁孩子的票价应该是5＋5＝10美元。
2．Which museum can help you know about Charlotte Bront?？
A．Hillcrest Museum. B．Red House.
C．Castle Museum. D．Shandy Hall.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Red House中的Discover the comforts...got ideas for her novel Shirley.可知，在Red House你可以了解到有关Charlotte Bront?的信息。
3．What can you find in Castle Museum?
A．A variety of rocks.
B．World-famous pictures.
C．A large beautiful garden.
D．Old tools from many countries.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Castle Museum中的There is a collection of interesting rocks found in the area可知，在Castle Museum你可以看到一些有趣的岩石。
B
It seems like there’s never enough time—not enough for sleep and play, not enough for cooking and exercise. There’s a relatively new term to describe this feeling: “time famine”， or the feeling of having too much to do without enough time to do it. In order to structure what little time we feel we have, one strategy we use is scheduling, which is considered to make us more efficient.
But in a new study, researchers found something surprising about scheduling. They had half of the participants imagine that a friend would be coming over in an hour, while the other half were told to imagine they had no plans. They asked all of them how many minutes they personally felt like they could spend reading during that same hour. The first group reported that they had only 40 usable minutes for reading. Those from the second group felt as if they had 49 minutes to read.
Why might this happen? When an appointment is on the way, we may mentally prepare for it or simply fear it. This makes the future appointment feel more important; as a result, the time leading up to the scheduled activity feels limited.
But in the end, you still have the same amount of time. So your feeling shouldn’t really matter, right? But it does. The feeling by itself can influence what people decide to do. We know that when something is scarce(稀少的), people consider it more valuable and are less willing to part with it. The same is true for time. If time feels limited, people are less likely to use it—even when it’s in their best interest.
If you love planning out your days, a trick could be to schedule tasks back-to-back, which leaves you with larger chunks of unscheduled time. It can be effective to remind yourself that time isn’t as short as it feels. Even if you don’t think you’ll have enough time to complete something, you can still start a task and finish it later.
【解题导语】　人们经常通过制定日程安排来规划时间，但一项研究表明，制定日程安排事实上会降低人们的做事效率。
4．The study in Paragraph 2 shows that people who have a schedule________．
A．tend to be less bored than others
B．enjoy enough time to get relaxed
C．may feel they have less time left
D．have no need to make preparations
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的The first group reported that they had only 40 usable minutes...they had 49 minutes to read.可知，有日程安排的人会感到可支配的时间较少。
5．When people have an upcoming appointment, they tend to________．
A．make small mistakes
B．direct their attention to it
C．change their current schedule
D．talk about important problems
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的When an appointment is on the way, we may mentally prepare for it...feel more important...可推断，有即将到来的约会时，人们容易把注意力集中在这个约会上。
6．Paragraph 4 implies that scheduling can actually________.
A．do little to reduce people’s stress
B．lead to achievements in the long run
C．help people realize valuable things in life
D．stop people from making full use of their time
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的The feeling by itself can influence what people decide to do...If time feels limited, people are less likely to use it...可知，制定日程安排会让人难以充分利用时间。
7．What can be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Better Plan Your Time
B．The Importance of Keeping Organized
C．The Psychology Behind Putting Things Off
D．How Scheduling Makes You Less Productive
D　解析：标题归纳题。本文主要通过一项研究分析了制定日程表是如何降低人们的做事效率的。
七选五
Labor Day is a holiday in the United States that is officially celebrated on the first Monday of each September. Of course, there is more to Labor Day than a long weekend. 1.________ The Central Labor Union engineered the first event as more of a demonstration. It was intended to provide for a holiday that celebrated the working people as well as their contributions to society.
Labor Day was first celebrated in New York. The date chosen was 5 September, and it was celebrated on that date in both 1883 and 1884. The following year, the decision was made to celebrate it on the first Monday of September. Other unions were encouraged to participate. 2.________
Over the next few years, several local governments made Labor Day legislation(立法) to make things more official. The first state to take a similar measure was Oregon. 3.________ Nearly a decade later the nation made the first Monday of each September a legal, national holiday.
Labor Day is celebrated differently than many other US holidays because it is different in nature. It’s not dedicated to war heroes or to one remarkable person, but to all those who work hard to help make America great. 4.________ No other holidays are centered around the average person.
5．________ Some have picnics, barbecues, or parties, while others attend festivals, parades, or even speeches. Some just use the day off for much needed rest and relaxation. The issue really isn’t about how Labor Day is celebrated; it’s who is celebrated that is important.
A．More states followed its example.
B．It wasn’t always a national holiday.
C．Before long, Labor Day was a hit in many areas.
D．Different people celebrate Labor Day in different ways.
E．For people in other countries, Labor Day is less important.
F．It’s a celebration of people working for the American dream.
G．All government offices and organizations are closed on that day.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国劳动节的来历和发展。
1．B　解析：此空设于段中，引出下文内容。下文提到劳动节的最初形式和创立目的，由此可知劳动节并非一直是一个全国性的节日。
2．C　解析：此空设于段尾，总结上文内容。上文介绍了劳动节的首次庆祝、日期确定和更多工会的庆祝活动，由此可知庆祝劳动节在许多地方备受欢迎。
3．A　解析：此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文指出劳动节进入立法，下文指出国家最终立法使得劳动节成为官方节日，由此可知多个州效仿了俄勒冈州的立法举措。
4．F　解析：此空设于段中，承接上文并引出下文。上文提到劳动节是为了致敬让美国强大的所有人，下文指出其他节日的侧重点不是平民，由此可知劳动节是为怀揣美国梦的人庆祝的节日。
5．D　解析：此空设于段首，总结下文内容。根据下文Some have picnics, barbecues, or parties...Some just...needed rest and relaxation.可知，不同的人庆祝劳动节的方式不尽相同。
Section Ⅲ　Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词
写作词汇
1.figure n．　　　　　　画像；身材；数字
2.carve vt. 雕刻；刻记
3.reputation n. 名声；名誉
4.appeal vi.　　　　　有感染力；呼吁；求助
vt. 将……上诉
n. 呼吁；恳求
拓展词汇
5.preference n．喜爱；偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢
6.exhibition n．展览；陈列；展览会→exhibit vt.陈列，展览
7.scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学术成就；学问
8.civilization n．文明；文化；文明社会→civil adj.公民的；市民的；文明的
9.signature n．署名；签字→sign vt.&vi.签名；签字
10.visual adj.视觉的；看得见的→vision n．视力；视觉
阅读词汇
11.specific adj.　　　　确切的；特定的
12.delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的
13.allergic adj. 过敏性的；过敏的
14.flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体
15.bunch n. 束；串
16.avenue n．　　　　林荫道；道路；大街
17.fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的
18.fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的
19.permanent adj. 永久的；持久的
20.district n. 区；区域；行政区
重点短语
1.in__the__flesh　　　　　　　活着的；本人
2.be__allergic__to 对……过敏
3.have__a__preference__for 喜爱……
4.be__worth__a__visit 值得看一看
5.appeal__to　　　　　(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人) 感兴趣
6.more__than 不仅仅是
7.on__exhibition 展览中
8.as__well__as 既……又……；也
重点句型
1.v.-ing作状语，表示自然而然的结果
Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving__his__house,__furniture__and__art__collection__to__the__American__people(把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品都留给了美国人民).
2.as if引导表语从句
When you walk into the gallery, you feel as__if__you__were__inside__a__fragile,__white__seashell(你仿佛进入了一个精细的白色贝壳之中).
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．The passage may probably come from ________.
A．a newspaper　 B．a magazine
C．a guidebook D．a textbook
2．You’d better walk all the way instead of taking a lift if you visit ________.
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Whitney Museum of American Art
C．Museum of Modern Art
D．Guggenheim Museum
3．You can expect to see videos in ________.
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Museum of Modern Art
C．The Frick Collection
D．Whitney Museum of American Art
4．If you want to know how people lived 5，000 years ago, you should visit ________.
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Whitney Museum of American Art
C．Museum of Modern Art
D．Guggenheim Museum
答案：1－4.CDDA
①gallery['ɡ?l?rI]n.美术陈列室；画廊
②avenue['?v?nju?]n.林荫道；道路；大街
③would rather宁愿(后接动词原形)
④collection[k?'lek??n]n.收集；收藏品
⑤preference['prefr?ns]n.喜爱；偏爱
have a preference for
对……偏爱
⑥well-represented adj.被很好地展示的
⑦sculpture['sk?lpt??]n.雕塑
⑧display[dI'spleI]vt.展示；陈列；显露
⑨appeal[?'pi?l]vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助　vt.将……上诉
n．呼吁；恳求
appeal to(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
⑩fragile['fr?d?aIl]adj.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的
?circular['s??kj?l?]adj.圆形的；环形的；循环的
?metropolitan[?metr?'p?lIt?n]adj.主要都市的；大城市的
?reputation[?repj?'teI??n]
n．名声；名誉
have a reputation for...
有……的名声
?lie in在于(相当于consist in)；位于
?civilization[?sIv?laI'zeI?n]
n．文明；文化；文明社会
?Egypt['i?d?Ipt]n.埃及(东北非国家)
Egyptian[I'd?Ip??n]adj.埃及的；埃及人的
?visual['vI???l]adj.视觉的；看得见的
?fragrant['freIɡr?nt]adj.香的；令人愉快的
?house在此为及物动词，意为“容纳”。
?such...as...表示“像……那样的……”，其中as为介词。
admission[?d'mI??n]n.允许进入
contemporary
[k?n'tempr?rI; US -p?rerI]
adj.当代的；同时代的
permanent['p??m?n?nt]
adj.永久的；持久的
【核心素养链接】
大都会博物馆(Metropolitan Museum of Art)是美国最大的艺术博物馆，也是与英国伦敦的大英博物馆、法国巴黎的卢浮宫、俄罗斯圣彼得堡的艾尔米塔什博物馆齐名的世界四大博物馆之一。该馆内有5大展厅，分别为欧洲绘画、美国绘画、原始艺术、中世纪绘画和埃及古董展厅。馆内的陈列室共有248个，常年展出几万件展品，目前馆内所有展品数量已达300万。
THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES①
The Frick Collection (5th Avenue② and E．70th Street)
Many art lovers would rather③ visit this small art gallery than any other in New York. Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection④ to the American people. Frick had a preference⑤ for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented⑥ in this excellent collection. You can also explore Frick’s beautiful home and garden which are well worth a visit.
◆a rich New Yorker作Henry Clay Frick的同位语；leaving his house, furniture...people为现在分词短语作结果状语。
Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)
This museum owns 5，000 superb modern paintings, sculptures⑦ and drawings. These art works are not all displayed⑧ at the same time. The exhibition is always changing. It will appeal to⑨ those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings. The Guggenheim Museum building is also world-famous. When you walk into the gallery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile⑩ , white seashell. The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom. There are no stairs, just a circular? path. The museum also has an excellent restaurant.
◆本句中not与all连用构成部分否定。
◆who在此引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为those，故此处的who不能省，也不可用that替换。
◆as if在此引导表语从句，从句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设。
◆句中to see the paintings为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰The best way。is后面是and连接的两个不定式作表语，后一个不定式省略了to。
Metropolitan? Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street)
The reputation? of this museum lies in? the variety of its art collection. This covers more than 5，000 years of civilization? from many parts of the world, including America, Europe, China, Egypt?， other African countries and South America. The museum displays more than just the visual? delights of art. It introduces you to ancient ways of living. You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant? Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house and many other special exhibitions.
Museum of Modern Art (53rd Street, between 5th and 6th Avenues)
It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed? in the same museum. The collection of Western art includes paintings by such famous artists as? Monet, Van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse. A few words of warning: the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded.
◆It在此为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
Whitney Museum of American Art (945 Madison Avenue, near 75th Street)
The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painting and sculpture. There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. Every two years，the Whitney holds a special exhibition of new art by living artists. The museum also shows videos and films by contemporary video artists.
曼哈顿艺术画廊荟萃
费里克收藏馆(第5大道和东70大街交汇处)
在纽约，比起其他艺术馆，许多艺术爱好者更乐意参观这家小的艺术画廊。亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世。他把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品都留给了美国人民。弗里克偏爱20世纪以前的西方绘画作品，而这些绘画作品在这批极好的收藏品中被很好地展示出来了。你还可以好好探索一下弗里克美丽的故居和花园，它们很值得参观。
古根海姆博物馆(第5大道和第88大街交汇处)
这家博物馆拥有5 000幅一流的现代绘画作品、雕塑和素描画。这些艺术作品并不都是同时展出的，展品总是在不断地更换。这会吸引那些爱好印象派和后印象派画作的人。古根海姆博物馆的大楼也是世界闻名的。当你走进画廊的时候，你会觉得你仿佛进入了一个精细的白色贝壳之中。看画最好是从顶层看起，一直往下看到底层。展厅里没有楼梯，只有一条环形的小道。博物馆里还有一家极好的餐馆。
大都会博物馆(第5大道和第82大街交汇处)
这家博物馆以收藏艺术品种类繁多而享有盛名。这涵盖了五千多年来世界上众多国家的文明史，其中包括美洲、欧洲、中国、埃及及其他非洲国家和南美洲。这家博物馆不仅仅提供了艺术上的视觉享受，它还向你介绍了古代(人们)的生活方式。你可以参观埃及的寺庙，芳香四溢的明代花园，18世纪法国住宅中典型的房间以及许多其他的特殊展品。
现代艺术博物馆(第53大街，位于第5和第6大道之间)
令人惊奇的是，在同一家博物馆里竟能容纳下从19世纪后期到21世纪如此多伟大的艺术作品。西方艺术的收藏包括莫奈、凡·高、毕加索和马蒂斯等著名艺术家的作品。有几句话需要提醒你：博物馆票价不低，而且馆内经常非常拥挤。
惠特尼美国艺术博物馆(麦迪逊大道945号，靠近第75大街)
惠特尼博物馆藏有一批极好的当代美国绘画和雕塑作品。博物馆内没有永久性的展出，展览品经常更换。惠特尼博物馆每两年举办一场特殊的展览会，展品是仍然在世的艺术家的新作。这家博物馆还展出当代影视艺术家的录像和电影作品。
figure　n．画像；身材；数字；体形；人物　v．计算；认为
(2016·北京卷)As for my favorite figure in Chinese history，it must be Wei Yuan，a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
历史上我最喜欢的人物是魏源，他是晚清的一位思想家。
(1)keep one’s figure　　　　　 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
a political figure 一位政治人物
(2)figure out 理解；计算出
①I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
我想知道玛丽这些年到底是如何保持体形的。
②I could hear them talking but I couldn’t figure out what they were saying.
我能听见他们在说话，但就是弄不清他们在说什么。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures(figure)．
②(2017·北京卷)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out．
[链接写作]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)(2018·北京卷)Last week, a group of international students visited our school. To help them better understand our tea-drinking culture, we took them to the tea room in our school.
(高级表达)Last week, a group of international students visited our school. To help them better figure__out our tea-drinking culture, we took them to the tea room in our school.
preference　n．喜爱；偏爱
(教材P6)Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection.
弗里克偏爱20世纪以前的西方绘画作品，而这些绘画作品在这批极好的收藏品中被很好地展示出来了。
(1)have a preference for　　 更喜欢……
give preference to 优先考虑
(2)prefer vt. 更喜欢
prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.
与(做)……相比更喜欢
(做)……；宁愿(做)……，
而不愿(做)……
prefer to do...rather than do...
宁可做……也不做……
①Compared with math, I have a preference for Chinese.
和数学相比， 我更喜欢语文。
②The manager has decided to give preference to those who have worked here for many years.
经理已经决定优先考虑那些在这儿工作多年的人。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①We give preference to applicants who have a good knowledge of English.
②Faced with misunderstanding, I prefer having a talk face to face to quarrelling(quarrel)．
[链接写作]——一句多译
他宁可待在家里也不愿意去购物。(prefer)
③He prefers__to__stay at home rather__than__go shopping.
④He__prefers__staying at home to__going shopping.
appeal　vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助　vt.将……上诉
n．呼吁；恳求
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m sure it will appeal to you，for you have been enthusiastic about sports.
我确信这一定会吸引你，因为你热衷于体育。
(1)appeal to sb.　　　 对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣
appeal to sb.for.../to do...
向某人呼吁/恳求……
(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.
为某事向某人呼吁/请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth.
呼吁/恳求某人做某事
①We are making an appeal to anyone who saw the boy to contact us.
我们恳请任何看到过这个孩子的人与我们联系。
②The author appeals to us to be kinder to animals.
作者向我们呼吁要对动物更加友好。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The short film will help us students know the school’s history better and appeal to us to__make(make) contributions to our school’s development.
②Sport has become an important form of entertainment，appealing(appeal) to both men and women.
③The police are making an appeal to the public for information about the crime.
reputation　n．名声；名誉
(教材P6)The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection.
这家博物馆以收藏艺术品种类繁多而享有盛名。
have a good/bad reputation (as...for...)
　　　　　　　　　　 (作为……因为……而)
有好/坏名声
enjoy a good reputation 享有盛誉
live up to one’s reputation 名不虚传，不负盛名
ruin one’s reputation 毁掉某人声誉，使某人声名狼藉
①He has a good reputation as a physician for his patience and skills.
因为他的耐心和技术，他是位享有盛名的内科医师。
②If the fact is published, it will ruin your reputation.
如果真相被公布，你的名誉就毁了。
[链接写作]——完成句子
屠呦呦因在医学领域杰出的贡献而享有盛誉。
Tu Youyou has__enjoyed__a__good__reputation__for her great contributions to the field of medicine.
动词-ing作结果状语
(教材P6)Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.
亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世。他把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品都留给了美国人民。
句中的leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people为动词的-ing短语，作动词died的结果状语。
(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示意料之内、情理之中的结果。
(2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。
①The glass dropped onto the floor, breaking into pieces.
玻璃杯掉到了地板上，摔成了碎片。
②Her parents died in the earthquake, leaving her an orphan.　她父母死于地震，使她成了孤儿。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The news shocked the public，leading(lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school.
②I rushed to the school, only to__find(find) it was Sunday.

(教材P6)When you walk into the gallery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile, white seashell.
当你走进画廊的时候，你会觉得你仿佛进入了一个精细的白色贝壳之中。
as if(＝as though)在句中引导表语从句；它也可以引导状语从句。常见用法如下：
类型
表语从句
接在feel, look, seem, sound等动词之后
状语从句
接在常见的实义动词之后
从句
陈述语气
所述的是真实的或极有可能发生
虚拟语气
所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生
语气
时态
与现在
事实相反
过去时(be动词用were)
与过去
事实相反
过去完成时(had done)
与将来
事实相反
过去将来时(would/could/might do)
①It looks as if it isn’t clean enough to swim here.
看起来这儿的水好像不干净，不宜游泳。
②I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had happened.
我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were(be) the only people in the world.
②He talks big as if he knew(know) everything.
品句填词
1．To my surprise, my little brother got allergic(过敏的) to the medicine.
2．There are six stone figures(雕像) of great scientists in this park, including Newton and Einstein.
3．Up till now, only a few scholars(学者) have made a study of the subject and have had certain achievements in the primary stage.
4．Tiffany gave up a permanent(永久的) job in her city and went to Beijing with her boyfriend.
5．The restaurant enjoys a worldwide reputation(声誉) because of its delicious food and excellent service.
6．Many insects, such as butterflies, are attracted by the fragrant(香的) flowers of the garden.
7．One group attended music class, while the other went to a class that places importance on the visual(视觉的) arts—arts that can be seen.
8．Playing games has never appealed(吸引) to my brother because he thinks it is a waste of time.
9．A teacher should not show preference(偏爱) for any one of his pupils.
10．The exhibition(展览) tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.
选词填空
by coincidence, appeal to, a great deal, concentrate on, in the flesh, lead to, break away from, on the other hand
1．The two brothers still need a__great__deal more money to finish the project.
2．At that time, some painters broke__away__from the traditional style of painting and created their own.
3．By__coincidence,__Isabella and her former classmate Lily took the same plane and stayed at the same hotel.
4．David had some difficulty concentrating__on__ his studies because his parents were quarrelling about something.
5．We’re glad to hear from you and we will carefully consider any suggestions likely to lead__to business between us.
6．We should appeal__to everyone in the world to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
7．You don’t have to go there in__the__flesh at all, because your children will get everything arranged.
8．On the one hand, the computer can make our life more convenient; on__the__other__hand,__it brings about some new problems.
完成句子
1．毛泽东故居对公众开放，很值得去参观一下。
Mao Zedong’s Former Residence is open to the public and is well__worth__a__visit．
2．2013年，那位著名画家去世，他把自己的房子、绘画以及艺术收藏品都留给了我们国家。
The famous artist passed away in 2013, leaving his house, paintings and art collection to__our__country．
3．当前北京的房价太高，我们宁愿租房子也不愿立刻买。
House prices in Beijing are too high at present. We would rather rent a house than buy one right away.
4．让人吃惊的是，音乐会的门票在一小时之内被抢购一空。
It__is__amazing__that tickets for the concert have been sold out within an hour.
5．在学校，午饭过后，汤姆总是第一个学生去帮助格林老师打扫教室。
Tom is always the__first__student__to__help Mrs Green clean the classroom after lunch at school.
单句语法填空
1．Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were(be) their own family.
2．He got the first place in the game, making(make) his classmates excited and proud.
3．The idea of living in the quiet and clean countryside appeals to me.
4．The teacher is knowledgeable and always cares for his students, earning him a good reputation.
5．A great deal of progress has__been__made(make) over the last several decades in health, education, and poverty.
6．Attempting(attempt) to change someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.
7．We can’t figure out why quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
8．Professor Smith told me that the book was well worth reading(read)．
9．One reason for her preference(prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
10．Tom, as well as Jane and Rose, is(be) going to the farm on foot.
阅读理解
A
In 1795, Mungo Park, a Scottish explorer, was sent out to discover the course of the Niger River.
Mungo Park set off from the Gambia River. He started his journey dressed in European clothes, with an umbrella and a tall hat.
Park knew little Arabic—he had with him two books, Richardson’s Arabic Grammar and a copy of Irish explorer Daniel Houghton’s journal. Houghton’s journal, which he had read on the voyage to Africa served him well and he was forewarned to hide his most valuable belongings from the locals. However, at his first stop, Park was taken prisoner by the locals.
After four months, Park finally managed to escape. He had a few belongings left other than his hat but refused to give up the expedition(探险). Park continued on his way to the Niger, reaching the river on 20 July 1796. Park traveled as far as S?gou before returning to the coast and then to England.
Park was a success, and his book Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa sold out rapidly. His ￡1，000 royalties(稿酬) allowed him to settle in Selkirk. But settled life soon bored him and he looked for a new adventure.
Finally in 1805 Park led an expedition to follow the Niger to its end. Against logic and advice, Mungo Park set off from the Gambia in the rainy season. By the time the expedition reached Sandsanding on the Niger, only 11 of the original 40 Europeans were still alive. Park’s letters back to London made no mention of his problems. The party rested for two months but the deaths continued. Sending the local guide, Isaaco, back to Laidley with his journals, Park was determined to continue. Unfortunately, after a journey of over 1，000 miles on the river, Park and his small party were drowned.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了蒙哥·帕克的两次探险之旅。第一次探险之旅荣获成功，而第二次探险却因出发时间违反常规而以失败告终。
1．What happened to Mungo Park at his first stop?
A．He lost all his belongings.
B．He discovered another course.
C．He was caught by local people.
D．He was misled by the book he took.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的at his first stop, Park was taken prisoner by the locals可知答案。
2．How was Mungo Park’s first adventure?
A．It was given up halfway.
B．It won him money and fame.
C．It was made with Houghton.
D．It failed to reach the Niger River.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的his book Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa sold out rapidly. His ￡1，000 royalties(稿酬) allowed him to settle in Selkirk.可知，第一次探险之旅后，他据此写的书非常畅销，并获得稿费，因而名利双收。
3．What can we learn about Mungo Park in the second adventure?
A．He started off in the dry season.
B．He wrote letters asking for help.
C．He took others’ advice.
D．He lost many sailors.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据末段中的By the time the expedition reached Sandsanding on the Niger, only 11 of the original 40 Europeans were still alive.可知，在第二次探险过程中帕克失去了很多船员。
4．What’s the key reason for Mungo Park’s failure in the second adventure?
A．He had health problems.
B．He was bad at swimming.
C．He followed a wrong route.
D．He chose a wrong travel time.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据末段中的Against logic and advice, Mungo Park set off from the Gambia in the rainy season.可知，第二次探险失败的原因是选择了错误的出发时间。
B
This year, the Paris museum that looks like a jumble(杂乱的一堆) of giant, colored pipes turns 42. The museum—the Pompidou Center—has a secure place in the heart of Paris and in Parisians’ hearts. But it wasn’t always the case.
“When it was first built, the reaction was one of disbelief，” said Serge Lasvignes, president of the Pompidou Center. “Le Monde newspaper wrote the museum’s construction brought shame on Paris, and city politicians thought their money had been totally wasted，” said Lasvignes. Critics said it looked like an oil refinery(炼油厂)．
France’s first museum entirely devoted to contemporary art saw the light of day thanks to the determination of one man—Georges Pompidou, an art lover who served as France’s president from 1969 to 1974.
In 1971, he started an international competition to build the museum, originally known as the Center Beaubourg. The winning team, which included three young architects from Britain and Italy, was completely unknown at the time. Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.
“They didn’t think they had a chance to win. So they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted，” Lasvignes said.
“The design took everyone by surprise and it was completely different from any other museum. Someone said to Piano, ‘Your thing is terrible—with the escalator(自动扶梯) on the outside, it looks like a supermarket！’” Lasvignes added.
“More than forty years later, the museum still tries to make culture available to everyone，” Lasvignes said. He calls the Pompidou Center a museum like no other. “We are not only a museum，” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library...and everything flows together.” Pompidou felt putting up walls between different forms of art was harmful. “So we are a house of culture where people return again and again，” Lasvignes said.
The Pompidou Center is Europe’s biggest modern art museum; New York’s Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is the biggest in the world. “But the two museums have totally different strategies(策略)，” Lasvignes said. “The MoMA’s strategy is to collect masterpieces, and we try to represent an entire epoch(时代)．”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲最大的艺术博物馆——巴黎的蓬皮杜中心。
5．What was people’s attitude to the Pompidou Center at first?
A．They disliked it.
B．They respected it.
C．They were curious about it.
D．They paid little attention to it.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的one of disbelief, brought shame on Paris, their money had been totally wasted以及looked like an oil refinery(炼油厂)可知，一开始人们不喜欢蓬皮杜中心。
6．Who completed the construction of the Paris museum?
A．President of the Center Beaubourg.
B．Three unknown French architects.
C．Georges Pompidou.
D．Piano and Rogers.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.可知，Piano和Rogers负责建设蓬皮杜中心。
7．What was the Pompidou Center like in Lasvignes’ eyes?
A．Very solid.　　　　　　
B．Quite traditional.
C．Entirely original.
D．Extremely simple.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted和第六段中的it was completely different from any other museum可知，Lasvignes应该认为蓬皮杜中心的设计别出心裁。
8．Which is a notable feature of the Pompidou Center?
A．It collects great masterpieces.
B．It holds various cultural events.
C．It is the world’s biggest art museum.
D．It is particularly attractive to foreigners.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We are not only a museum，” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library...and everything flows together.”可知，蓬皮杜中心的显著特点是，它不仅仅是一家博物馆，同时也举办各种文化活动。
完形填空
I met a bully(仗势欺人者) when I was in elementary school. She looked impatient and __1__. Sometimes you could see cuts on her skin. Students would __2__ her and lie to the teacher that she had cuts because she fought. Nobody would go near her and the teachers would also __3__ her. My friends told me not to look her in the eye __4__ I’d have bad luck for years.
Even though everyone disliked her, in my eyes I could see her __5__. She sat alone at lunch; played on the empty slide, and walked home alone. I felt like I could see right through her. Then I had decided to fill up her empty soul and make her __6__. When I walked past her in the hallways, I smiled and said __7__， “Hi！” The other students looked at me in __8__， but I didn’t care because that smile helped me talk to her. She opened up to me and __9__ how she grew up as an orphan(孤儿)．
Rumors spread about her __10__ me to become her friend. I denied(否认) it. My classmates always said, “Don’t __11__ with a bully.” I would reply, “Staying away from a bully is just as __12__ as being one. The bullies are actually those who don’t __13__ others or don’t even try to stand in other people’s shoes.” When people finally __14__ my words, they started talking to her and soon became her __15__．
I think bullies __16__ someone who extends his or her hand to them, and someone who tells them everything will be alright, for life comes with many __17__ but we can overcome them. I’ll be there to __18__ their pain and show everyone that bullies can be as __19__ as others when they want to be. Saving someone from __20__ doesn’t take anything but a smile and a hand.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的班级中有一位爱欺凌人的同学，大家都对她避之不及，但作者用自己的善良和热心打动了她并改变了大家对她的看法。
1．A.calm　　　　　 B．rude
C．curious D．weak
B　解析：根据语境可知，这位爱欺凌人的女孩看起来不耐烦又粗鲁(rude)。
2．A.care B．trust
C．watch D．blame
D　解析：根据下文的lie to the teacher that she had cuts because she fought可知，同学们总是责怪(blame)她。
3．A.help B．notice
C．ignore D．accept
C　解析：联系上下文可知，没有人愿意靠近她，连老师也会无视(ignore)她。
4．A.or B．but
C．so D．if
A　解析：作者的朋友告诉她不要去看那个女孩的眼睛，不然会倒霉好几年，故选“or”。
5．A.happiness B．tiredness
C．nervousness D．loneliness
D　解析：根据下文She sat alone at lunch...walked home alone.可知，作者能看到她眼中的孤独(loneliness)。
6．A.talented B．positive
C．confused D．disappointed
B　解析：作者决定去填补那个女孩空虚的内心，让她变得积极(positive)起来。
7．A.kindly B．proudly
C．excitedly D．thankfully
A　解析：作者经过走廊时，微笑着和那个女孩亲切地(kindly)打招呼。
8．A.secret B．silence
C．surprise D．detail
C　解析：作者的举动让其他学生感到很吃惊，故选“surprise”。
9．A.learned B．explained
C．decided D．wondered
B　解析：女孩对作者敞开了心扉，向她解释(explained)自己作为一个孤儿是如何长大的。
10．A.advising B．ordering
C．forcing D．encouraging
C　解析：流言里都说这个女孩强迫作者当她的朋友，但作者否认了，故选“forcing”。
11．A.hang out B．keep up
C．fit in D．settle down
A　解析：作者的同学告诫她不要和欺凌者在一起玩，故选“hang out”。
12．A.simple B．reasonable
C．special D．terrible
D　解析：作者认为对欺凌者敬而远之和当欺凌者一样糟糕(terrible)。
13．A.follow B．hate
C．understand D．disturb
C　解析：真正的欺凌者是那些不理解(understand)他人，也不试着将心比心的人。
14．A.found B．forgot
C．organized D．recognized
D　解析：在最终认可了(recognized)作者的这番话之后，大家都开始和那个女孩说话了。
15．A.relatives B．friends
C．classmates D．instructors
B　解析：大家的看法发生变化后开始和那个女孩说话，并很快成了她的朋友(friends)。
16．A.need B．fear
C．guide D．influence
A　解析：作者认为欺凌者需要(need)他人来伸出援手。
17．A.plans B．choices
C．challenges D．achievements
C　解析：欺凌者需要有人来告诉他们一切都会好起来的，生活中的挑战(challenges)是能够克服的。
18．A.start B．stop
C．admit D．doubt
B　解析：根据语境可知，作者愿意站出来结束(stop)欺凌者们的痛苦。
19．A.normal B．honest
C．guilty D．careful
A　解析：作者想告诉大家，欺凌者如果愿意，也能变得和其他人一样正常(normal)。
20．A.hope B．comfort
C．control D．trouble
D　解析：作者认为，把一个人从困境(trouble)中拯救出来只需要一个微笑和一只手。
课件48张PPT。Unit 1　Artfigurecarvereputationappealpreferenceexhibitionscholarcivilizationsignaturevisual确切的；特定的脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的过敏性的；过敏的肉；肌肉；肉体束；串林荫道；道路；大街精细的；易碎的；脆弱的香的；令人愉快的永久的；持久的区；区域；行政区in the fleshbe allergic tohave a preference forbe worth a visitappeal tomore thanon exhibitionas well asleaving his house, furniture and art collection to the as if you were American peopleinside a fragile, white seashellfiguresoutfigure out toquarrellingprefers to stayrather than goprefers stayingto goingto makeappealingtohas enjoyed a good reputation forleadingto findwereknew本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．To my surprise, my little brother got allergic(过敏的) to the medicine.
2．There are six stone figures(雕像) of great scientists in this park, including Newton and Einstein.
3．Up till now, only a few scholars(学者) have made a study of the subject and have had certain achievements in the primary stage.
4．Tiffany gave up a permanent(永久的) job in her city and went to Beijing with her boyfriend.
5．The restaurant enjoys a worldwide reputation(声誉) because of its delicious food and excellent service.
6．Many insects, such as butterflies, are attracted by the fragrant(香的) flowers of the garden.
7．One group attended music class, while the other went to a class that places importance on the visual(视觉的) arts—arts that can be seen.
8．Playing games has never appealed(吸引) to my brother because he thinks it is a waste of time.
9．A teacher should not show preference(偏爱) for any one of his pupils.
10．The exhibition(展览) tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.
选词填空
by coincidence, appeal to, a great deal, concentrate on, in the flesh, lead to, break away from, on the other hand
1．The two brothers still need a__great__deal more money to finish the project.
2．At that time, some painters broke__away__from the traditional style of painting and created their own.
3．By__coincidence,__Isabella and her former classmate Lily took the same plane and stayed at the same hotel.
4．David had some difficulty concentrating__on__ his studies because his parents were quarrelling about something.
5．We’re glad to hear from you and we will carefully consider any suggestions likely to lead__to business between us.
6．We should appeal__to everyone in the world to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
7．You don’t have to go there in__the__flesh at all, because your children will get everything arranged.
8．On the one hand, the computer can make our life more convenient; on__the__other__hand,__it brings about some new problems.
完成句子
1．毛泽东故居对公众开放，很值得去参观一下。
Mao Zedong’s Former Residence is open to the public and is well__worth__a__visit．
2．2013年，那位著名画家去世，他把自己的房子、绘画以及艺术收藏品都留给了我们国家。
The famous artist passed away in 2013, leaving his house, paintings and art collection to__our__country．
3．当前北京的房价太高，我们宁愿租房子也不愿立刻买。
House prices in Beijing are too high at present. We would rather rent a house than buy one right away.
4．让人吃惊的是，音乐会的门票在一小时之内被抢购一空。
It__is__amazing__that tickets for the concert have been sold out within an hour.
5．在学校，午饭过后，汤姆总是第一个学生去帮助格林老师打扫教室。
Tom is always the__first__student__to__help Mrs Green clean the classroom after lunch at school.
单句语法填空
1．Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were(be) their own family.
2．He got the first place in the game, making(make) his classmates excited and proud.
3．The idea of living in the quiet and clean countryside appeals to me.
4．The teacher is knowledgeable and always cares for his students, earning him a good reputation.
5．A great deal of progress has__been__made(make) over the last several decades in health, education, and poverty.
6．Attempting(attempt) to change someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.
7．We can’t figure out why quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
8．Professor Smith told me that the book was well worth reading(read)．
9．One reason for her preference(prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
10．Tom, as well as Jane and Rose, is(be) going to the farm on foot.
阅读理解
A
In 1795, Mungo Park, a Scottish explorer, was sent out to discover the course of the Niger River.
Mungo Park set off from the Gambia River. He started his journey dressed in European clothes, with an umbrella and a tall hat.
Park knew little Arabic—he had with him two books, Richardson’s Arabic Grammar and a copy of Irish explorer Daniel Houghton’s journal. Houghton’s journal, which he had read on the voyage to Africa served him well and he was forewarned to hide his most valuable belongings from the locals. However, at his first stop, Park was taken prisoner by the locals.
After four months, Park finally managed to escape. He had a few belongings left other than his hat but refused to give up the expedition(探险). Park continued on his way to the Niger, reaching the river on 20 July 1796. Park traveled as far as S?gou before returning to the coast and then to England.
Park was a success, and his book Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa sold out rapidly. His ￡1，000 royalties(稿酬) allowed him to settle in Selkirk. But settled life soon bored him and he looked for a new adventure.
Finally in 1805 Park led an expedition to follow the Niger to its end. Against logic and advice, Mungo Park set off from the Gambia in the rainy season. By the time the expedition reached Sandsanding on the Niger, only 11 of the original 40 Europeans were still alive. Park’s letters back to London made no mention of his problems. The party rested for two months but the deaths continued. Sending the local guide, Isaaco, back to Laidley with his journals, Park was determined to continue. Unfortunately, after a journey of over 1，000 miles on the river, Park and his small party were drowned.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了蒙哥·帕克的两次探险之旅。第一次探险之旅荣获成功，而第二次探险却因出发时间违反常规而以失败告终。
1．What happened to Mungo Park at his first stop?
A．He lost all his belongings.
B．He discovered another course.
C．He was caught by local people.
D．He was misled by the book he took.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的at his first stop, Park was taken prisoner by the locals可知答案。
2．How was Mungo Park’s first adventure?
A．It was given up halfway.
B．It won him money and fame.
C．It was made with Houghton.
D．It failed to reach the Niger River.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的his book Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa sold out rapidly. His ￡1，000 royalties(稿酬) allowed him to settle in Selkirk.可知，第一次探险之旅后，他据此写的书非常畅销，并获得稿费，因而名利双收。
3．What can we learn about Mungo Park in the second adventure?
A．He started off in the dry season.
B．He wrote letters asking for help.
C．He took others’ advice.
D．He lost many sailors.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据末段中的By the time the expedition reached Sandsanding on the Niger, only 11 of the original 40 Europeans were still alive.可知，在第二次探险过程中帕克失去了很多船员。
4．What’s the key reason for Mungo Park’s failure in the second adventure?
A．He had health problems.
B．He was bad at swimming.
C．He followed a wrong route.
D．He chose a wrong travel time.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据末段中的Against logic and advice, Mungo Park set off from the Gambia in the rainy season.可知，第二次探险失败的原因是选择了错误的出发时间。
B
This year, the Paris museum that looks like a jumble(杂乱的一堆) of giant, colored pipes turns 42. The museum—the Pompidou Center—has a secure place in the heart of Paris and in Parisians’ hearts. But it wasn’t always the case.
“When it was first built, the reaction was one of disbelief，” said Serge Lasvignes, president of the Pompidou Center. “Le Monde newspaper wrote the museum’s construction brought shame on Paris, and city politicians thought their money had been totally wasted，” said Lasvignes. Critics said it looked like an oil refinery(炼油厂)．
France’s first museum entirely devoted to contemporary art saw the light of day thanks to the determination of one man—Georges Pompidou, an art lover who served as France’s president from 1969 to 1974.
In 1971, he started an international competition to build the museum, originally known as the Center Beaubourg. The winning team, which included three young architects from Britain and Italy, was completely unknown at the time. Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.
“They didn’t think they had a chance to win. So they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted，” Lasvignes said.
“The design took everyone by surprise and it was completely different from any other museum. Someone said to Piano, ‘Your thing is terrible—with the escalator(自动扶梯) on the outside, it looks like a supermarket！’” Lasvignes added.
“More than forty years later, the museum still tries to make culture available to everyone，” Lasvignes said. He calls the Pompidou Center a museum like no other. “We are not only a museum，” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library...and everything flows together.” Pompidou felt putting up walls between different forms of art was harmful. “So we are a house of culture where people return again and again，” Lasvignes said.
The Pompidou Center is Europe’s biggest modern art museum; New York’s Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is the biggest in the world. “But the two museums have totally different strategies(策略)，” Lasvignes said. “The MoMA’s strategy is to collect masterpieces, and we try to represent an entire epoch(时代)．”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲最大的艺术博物馆——巴黎的蓬皮杜中心。
5．What was people’s attitude to the Pompidou Center at first?
A．They disliked it.
B．They respected it.
C．They were curious about it.
D．They paid little attention to it.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的one of disbelief, brought shame on Paris, their money had been totally wasted以及looked like an oil refinery(炼油厂)可知，一开始人们不喜欢蓬皮杜中心。
6．Who completed the construction of the Paris museum?
A．President of the Center Beaubourg.
B．Three unknown French architects.
C．Georges Pompidou.
D．Piano and Rogers.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.可知，Piano和Rogers负责建设蓬皮杜中心。
7．What was the Pompidou Center like in Lasvignes’ eyes?
A．Very solid.　　　　　　
B．Quite traditional.
C．Entirely original.
D．Extremely simple.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted和第六段中的it was completely different from any other museum可知，Lasvignes应该认为蓬皮杜中心的设计别出心裁。
8．Which is a notable feature of the Pompidou Center?
A．It collects great masterpieces.
B．It holds various cultural events.
C．It is the world’s biggest art museum.
D．It is particularly attractive to foreigners.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We are not only a museum，” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library...and everything flows together.”可知，蓬皮杜中心的显著特点是，它不仅仅是一家博物馆，同时也举办各种文化活动。
完形填空
I met a bully(仗势欺人者) when I was in elementary school. She looked impatient and __1__. Sometimes you could see cuts on her skin. Students would __2__ her and lie to the teacher that she had cuts because she fought. Nobody would go near her and the teachers would also __3__ her. My friends told me not to look her in the eye __4__ I’d have bad luck for years.
Even though everyone disliked her, in my eyes I could see her __5__. She sat alone at lunch; played on the empty slide, and walked home alone. I felt like I could see right through her. Then I had decided to fill up her empty soul and make her __6__. When I walked past her in the hallways, I smiled and said __7__， “Hi！” The other students looked at me in __8__， but I didn’t care because that smile helped me talk to her. She opened up to me and __9__ how she grew up as an orphan(孤儿)．
Rumors spread about her __10__ me to become her friend. I denied(否认) it. My classmates always said, “Don’t __11__ with a bully.” I would reply, “Staying away from a bully is just as __12__ as being one. The bullies are actually those who don’t __13__ others or don’t even try to stand in other people’s shoes.” When people finally __14__ my words, they started talking to her and soon became her __15__．
I think bullies __16__ someone who extends his or her hand to them, and someone who tells them everything will be alright, for life comes with many __17__ but we can overcome them. I’ll be there to __18__ their pain and show everyone that bullies can be as __19__ as others when they want to be. Saving someone from __20__ doesn’t take anything but a smile and a hand.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的班级中有一位爱欺凌人的同学，大家都对她避之不及，但作者用自己的善良和热心打动了她并改变了大家对她的看法。
1．A.calm　　　　　 B．rude
C．curious D．weak
B　解析：根据语境可知，这位爱欺凌人的女孩看起来不耐烦又粗鲁(rude)。
2．A.care B．trust
C．watch D．blame
D　解析：根据下文的lie to the teacher that she had cuts because she fought可知，同学们总是责怪(blame)她。
3．A.help B．notice
C．ignore D．accept
C　解析：联系上下文可知，没有人愿意靠近她，连老师也会无视(ignore)她。
4．A.or B．but
C．so D．if
A　解析：作者的朋友告诉她不要去看那个女孩的眼睛，不然会倒霉好几年，故选“or”。
5．A.happiness B．tiredness
C．nervousness D．loneliness
D　解析：根据下文She sat alone at lunch...walked home alone.可知，作者能看到她眼中的孤独(loneliness)。
6．A.talented B．positive
C．confused D．disappointed
B　解析：作者决定去填补那个女孩空虚的内心，让她变得积极(positive)起来。
7．A.kindly B．proudly
C．excitedly D．thankfully
A　解析：作者经过走廊时，微笑着和那个女孩亲切地(kindly)打招呼。
8．A.secret B．silence
C．surprise D．detail
C　解析：作者的举动让其他学生感到很吃惊，故选“surprise”。
9．A.learned B．explained
C．decided D．wondered
B　解析：女孩对作者敞开了心扉，向她解释(explained)自己作为一个孤儿是如何长大的。
10．A.advising B．ordering
C．forcing D．encouraging
C　解析：流言里都说这个女孩强迫作者当她的朋友，但作者否认了，故选“forcing”。
11．A.hang out B．keep up
C．fit in D．settle down
A　解析：作者的同学告诫她不要和欺凌者在一起玩，故选“hang out”。
12．A.simple B．reasonable
C．special D．terrible
D　解析：作者认为对欺凌者敬而远之和当欺凌者一样糟糕(terrible)。
13．A.follow B．hate
C．understand D．disturb
C　解析：真正的欺凌者是那些不理解(understand)他人，也不试着将心比心的人。
14．A.found B．forgot
C．organized D．recognized
D　解析：在最终认可了(recognized)作者的这番话之后，大家都开始和那个女孩说话了。
15．A.relatives B．friends
C．classmates D．instructors
B　解析：大家的看法发生变化后开始和那个女孩说话，并很快成了她的朋友(friends)。
16．A.need B．fear
C．guide D．influence
A　解析：作者认为欺凌者需要(need)他人来伸出援手。
17．A.plans B．choices
C．challenges D．achievements
C　解析：欺凌者需要有人来告诉他们一切都会好起来的，生活中的挑战(challenges)是能够克服的。
18．A.start B．stop
C．admit D．doubt
B　解析：根据语境可知，作者愿意站出来结束(stop)欺凌者们的痛苦。
19．A.normal B．honest
C．guilty D．careful
A　解析：作者想告诉大家，欺凌者如果愿意，也能变得和其他人一样正常(normal)。
20．A.hope B．comfort
C．control D．trouble
D　解析：作者认为，把一个人从困境(trouble)中拯救出来只需要一个微笑和一只手。
Section Ⅳ　Grammar
虚拟语气(Ⅰ)
1．(教材P2)If the rules of perspective ________________(not discover), no one ________________(be) able to paint such realistic pictures.
答案：had not been discovered；would have been
2．(教材P2)Without the new paints and the new technique, we ________________(not be) able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
答案：would not be
3．(教材P3)There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles ________________(not exist)．
答案：might not exist
4．(教材P5)If Sam ____________ here, he ____________ so excited about meeting a famous scholar in the flesh.(be)
答案：were；would be
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，主要用在if条件句、宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句等中。
　　　　　　虚拟条件句
1．虚拟条件句的三种基本情况
根据时间点的不同可将虚拟条件从句和主句的谓语动词形式分为三种情况：
虚拟情况
条件从句谓语动词形式
主句谓语动词形式
与现在事实相反
一般过去时(be的过去式常用were)
would/should/might/could＋动词原形
与过去事实相反
过去完成时(had＋过去分词)
would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反
①一般过去时(be的过去式常用were)
②should＋动词原形
③were to＋动词原形
would/should/might/could＋动词原形
(1)对过去的虚拟
◆If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic.
如果昨天天气好的话，我们就去野餐了。
◆If you had come earlier, you could have caught the bus.
假如你早来一点的话，你就有可能赶上公共汽车了。
①在与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，可以将条件句中的if省略，把助动词had提前。
◆If I had worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.
→Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.
如果我当时努力学习的话，我肯定会成功。
②句型“Had it not been for...”意为“当时要不是……”。
◆Had it not been for your timely help, we would have been lost in the forest.
当时要不是您及时的帮助，我们就可能在森林中迷失了方向。
【即时演练1】——单句语法填空/改为倒装句
①He is very clever. If he had__spent(spend) less time playing video games, he would have gone to college.
②If he had caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
→Had__he__caught__the__morning__train,__he__would__not__have__been__late__for__the__meeting.
(2)对现在的虚拟/将来的虚拟
◆If my brother were here, everything would be all right.
要是我弟弟在这儿，一切都会好的。(与现在事实相反)
◆If the weather were fine now, we would have a picnic.
如果现在天气好的话，我们就会去野餐了。(与现在事实相反)
◆If it should rain, the crops would be saved.
如果下雨，庄稼就有救了。(与将来事实相反)
◆If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.
要是我来做这项工作，我会用一种不同的方法。(与将来事实相反)
【即时演练2】——单句语法填空
①If I were(be) Minister of Education, I would carry out the economic reform and help students relieve stress.
②If everyone in the country knew(know) first aid, many lives would be saved.
③If I went/should__go/were__to__go(go) to Beijing tomorrow, I would call you.
2．虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法
有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这种叫含蓄虚拟语气。常见的这类词或短语有：
without　　　　　 (要是)没有
in case 万一；以防
but for 要不是
otherwise 否则
or 否则
or else 否则；要不然
◆Without air, there wouldn’t be living things in the world.
要是没有空气，世界上就没有生物。
◆But for your help, I wouldn’t have made such great progress.
要不是你的帮助， 我不会取得这么大的进步。
3．错综条件句中的虚拟语气
在错综条件句中，if从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照对应的时间而定。
◆If it had rained last night, it would be very cold today.
如果昨天夜里下了雨，今天会很冷。(从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)
◆If I were you, I would have chosen to take the job.
如果我是你，我当时就选择接受这份工作。(从句是对现在的假设，主句是对过去的假设)
【即时演练3】——单句语法填空
①Without music, the world would__be(be) a dull place.
②But for your help, I would__have__failed(fail) in the experiment.
③If we had__booked(book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue.
　　　　　　宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1．wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望，其谓语动词构成形式如下：
虚拟情况
从句谓语动词形式
与现在事实相反
过去式(be动词一般用were)
与过去事实相反
had＋过去分词
与将来事实相反
would/could/might＋动词原形
◆I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.
我希望我是只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。
◆I wish I had interviewed the star at the press conference.
真希望我在记者招待会上采访了那位明星。
◆I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
但愿你明天跟我们一块去。
◆I sincerely wish that you could spare me some time to chat with me.
我真切地希望你能抽出些时间跟我聊一聊。
2．would rather后的宾语从句的虚拟语气：
虚拟情况
从句谓语动词形式
对过去情况的虚拟
had＋过去分词
对现在或将来情况的虚拟
过去式(be用were)
◆I would rather you told me the truth now.
我宁愿你现在跟我说真话。
◆I would rather you prepared the dinner now.
我宁愿你现在就准备晚餐。
◆I would rather you hadn’t come yesterday.
我宁愿你昨天没有来。
【即时演练4】——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had__(have) a second chance to become more involved.
②Jack wished that he had__studied(study) business instead of history when he was in university.
③I would rather you had__attended(attend) Mary’s birthday party last night.
单句语法填空
1．If I were(be) you, I would refuse to go climbing on rainy days.
2．If Johnson visited/were__to__visit/should__visit(visit) Professor Lin tomorrow, I would ask Johnson to say hello to him for me.
3．My friend is visiting me this weekend, but I would rather he came(come) next weekend.
4．I’m not a painter. If I were a famous painter, I would__hold(hold) painting exhibitions.
5．If I had(have) a large amount of money, I would use it to help those in trouble.
6．If I became/should__become/were__to__become(become) a famous singer in the future, I would hold concerts all over the world.
7．It’s a pity that I can’t reach Henry. I wish I knew(know) his number.
8．I wish you would__be(be) more respectful to your father.
9．I wish I had__taken(take) her advice yesterday.
10．I would rather you had__attended(attend) the opening ceremony because your idol was there.
单句改错
1．If I have lots of money, I would build a school in the mountain village.have→had
2．It’s too difficult for me to finish the task in three days. I wish I am given more time.am→were
3．If I were you, I will plant some flowers and trees in the little garden.will→would
4．I wish I can do something to make everyone live in a beautiful world.can→could
5．My father is a middle-aged person. If he is any younger, he would do whatever he is interested in.he与any__younger之间的is→were
6．Peter wishes that he is a bit taller because he is short, which is often laughed at by his classmates.第一个is→were
7．My mother is a middle-aged woman, but she looks very young as if she is in her twenties.第二个is→were
8．I wish I can have a visit to the Tang Dynasty.can→could
语法与写作
1．如果我今早早一点起床的话，我就能赶上第一班公共汽车了。
If I had__got__up__earlier this morning, I would have caught the first bus.
2．如果我听从了他的意见，我或许不会犯这么愚蠢的错误。If I had followed his advice, I might__not__have__made__such__a__foolish__mistake．
3．没有布朗一家的帮忙，我们就不能过上这么幸福的生活。
Without the help of the Browns, we couldn’t__live__such__a__happy__life．
4．我希望我昨天已经向他道过歉了。
I wish I __had__apologized__to__him yesterday.
5．我多么希望有个像他那样的哥哥！
How I__wish__I__could__have a brother like him!
单句语法填空
1．Jack wished that he had__chosen(choose) to study medicine so that he could offer some help to the sick kids.
2．If he had__spent(spend) the whole day playing games, he wouldn’t have finished his homework.
3．Once one of my students said, “If I were(be) the wealthiest person in the world, I would donate all my belongings to my country.”
4．It would be perfect if he were(be) here because he can always make the atmosphere active.
5．If I have(have) time, I’ll invite you to go camping with me on the weekend.
6．If I lived(live) near my workplace, I would walk to work every day.
7．How I wish I had__attended(attend) your wedding anniversary held yesterday!
8．If I knew(know) her phone number, I could ring her up in no time.
9．But for the rain, we would__have__had(have) a pleasant journey the other day.
10．If he had__known(know) your address yesterday, he would have visited you.
阅读理解
Each year, the United Nations invites people and nations around the world, to hear and respond to the call to create a peaceful world. The International Day of Peace was established by the UN General Assembly as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace and specifically the absence of war and violence. Celebrated in 1982 for the first time, it was welcomed by many nations, political groups, military groups, and people.
To create a specific time each year, to stress the efforts of the UN and its member states as well as the whole human race and to give positive evidence of their commitment to peace in all possible ways, the United Nations member states adopted the 17 sustainable(可持续的) development goals. Because they understood that it would not be possible to build a peaceful world if steps were not taken to achieve economic and social development, and ensure that people’s rights were protected. The sustainable goals cover a broad range of issues, including poverty, hunger, health and social justice.
Then how can people take part in creating a just and peaceful society? The first and most important thing is to pray and reflect on the meaning of peace and ways to be involved. Each one has something to do to make peace a reality in our time. Gather in small groups and get involved in some activities. Also, various groups can come together and share ideas and plans and design life so that no one is excluded(排除) from it. Also, create communities where people can live in harmony.
People anywhere can celebrate the International Day of Peace. It can be as simple as lighting a peace candle, getting involved in praying, working with children and families to create peaceful ways of living. This is the work of a lifetime. People ought to take this opportunity to bring peace to our relationships, our nation and our world. No effort is too small to make a difference.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了世界和平日的相关情况。
1．According to Paragraph 1, the International Day of Peace aims to ________．
A．remind people not to forget the history
B．encourage peace and fight against violence
C．deal with illegal acts throughout society
D．show the great strength of the public
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的．..as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace and specifically the absence of war and violence.可知，世界和平日旨在鼓励和平、反对暴力。
2．Why were 17 sustainable development goals adopted according to Paragraph 2?
A．They make our environment cleaner.
B．They are necessary for achieving peace.
C．They cover a broad range of issues of our society.
D．They help people understand the meaning of peace.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Because they understood that...economic and social development可知，经济和社会等方面的可持续发展是实现和平的必要条件。
3．How can people be involved in creating a peaceful society?
A．Share plans and design new life.
B．Build a community of their own.
C．Try to work with their relatives.
D．Gather in small groups at all times.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Also, various groups can...is excluded(排除) from it.可知，人们可以通过相互分享愿望以及展望新生活来参与到创建和平社会的活动中去。
4．What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．Creating peace is a simple thing.
B．Working with relatives may achieve peace.
C．It is idealistic for us to create a peaceful world.
D．Everyone should contribute to the realization of peace.
D　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段的最后两句话可知，作者认为我们每个人都应该为实现和平贡献自己的力量。
七选五
Four Simple Steps to Be Truly Thankful
Thanksgiving is more than pie and turkey. It’s about helping and loving the family, friends and world around you. The following tips will help you show your thankfulness.
·Family
A lot can happen in a year. Your family may have added some loved ones and lost some at the same time. 1.________， and let your family know how important they are to you and how glad you are that you all could get together.
·Friends
Do what you always do—throw a party. In college, Chicago natives Heather and Nosheen threw a dinner party for their friends on Thanksgiving and came up with HANTDE: Heather and Nosheen’s Thanksgiving Day Extravaganza. 2.________.　
“HANTDE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year，” Heather says. “3.________， so HANTDE has become a time to see and be with each other.”
·Community(社区)
You could volunteer at a local soup kitchen or bring unused items to a food bank. 4.________. This year, Heather and Nosheen are asking their HANTDE guests to offer a monetary donation, which they will donate to help low-income families.
·Self
5．________， for example, the debts you paid off or the friends you’ve made. Being able to give thanks for yourself and what you’ve done is the first step to being able to show thankfulness to others.
A．Stop racing for the next raise
B．Look back on your recent achievements
C．Take the time to raise a glass during dinner
D．We have jobs now and don’t see each other that much
E．You could also turn your celebration into a good cause
F．What started in their dorm room now is a yearly tradition
G．Perhaps a family member is fighting against a deadly disease
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了表达感谢的相关建议。
1．C　解析：根据该空后的let your family know...可知，所给选项中只有C项符合该处语境。raise a glass意为“祝酒”。　
2．F　解析：根据上一句中的came up with和下一段中的HANTDE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year可知，HANTDE从一项宿舍活动变成了一个年年如此的传统。
3．D　解析：D项中的don’t see each other that much和该空后的become a time to see and be with each other相互呼应。
4．E　解析：该空后的内容是对E项“你也可以把庆祝变成一种高尚的目标”的举例。
5．B　解析：根据该空后的the debts you paid off or the friends you’ve made可知，应该回首自己最近的成就。
语法填空
A new international study 1.____________(show) that six people die every minute from smoking. If the present situation continues, 2.____________ number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 2020.
The study describes smoking 3.____________ the biggest cause to deadly diseases among grown-ups in industrial countries. So far most of the smoking victims have happened on men, especially in the 4.____________ (develop) countries. For example, 70% of Chinese men smoke more than 15 cigarettes each day. In Latin America about 50% of the men are smokers. There are also a very large number of smokers in East Europe. And 25% of all smoking 5.____________ (die) world-wide are in those areas of the world. Scientists say smoking will kill 50% of the smokers.
Smoking 6.____________(know) to cause lung cancer. It can also lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of bodies. Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers 7.____________(suffer) from heart disease.
Experts say that people will reduce 8.____________ (they) chance of dying from smoking if they stop smoking 9.____________ (complete). They say smokers 10.____________ give up smoking can improve their health.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了对吸烟问题进行研究而得出的新的国际研究结果。
1．shows　解析：考查动词时态。句意：一项新的国际研究显示每分钟有六个人死于吸烟。整篇文章都是一般现在时，故填shows。
2．the　解析：考查冠词。the number of...“……的数目”。
3．as　解析：考查介词。describe...as...“把……描写成……”。
4．developing　解析：考查形容词。句意：迄今为止，大多数的吸烟受害者是男性，尤其在发展中国家。根据后文Chinese men，Latin America和East Europe可知，这里应该指的是“发展中的”国家。
5．deaths　解析：考查名词。句意：全世界的吸烟死亡人数中有25%在世界上的这些区域。根据句中的are可知应用名词复数形式。
6．is known　解析：考查被动语态。句意：人们知道抽烟可以致肺癌。主语Smoking和动词know为被动关系，故应用被动语态。
7．to suffer　解析：考查不定式。句意：吸烟的人比不吸烟的人更有可能得心脏病。be likely to do sth.有可能做某事。
8．their　解析：考查代词。句意：专家们说如果人们完全戒烟，他们就会减少他们死于吸烟的机会。
9．completely　解析：考查副词。副词completely修饰动词stop。
10．who/that　解析：考查定语从句。句意：他们说戒烟的人会改善身体健康。who/that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
短文改错
(2019·吉林长春外国语学校高二月考)It was extreme cold last Monday morning.While I was walking in my way to school, I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street.Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school，I discussed with some classmates that we could do.The next day，we got up early and preparing porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little surprising at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily.Since it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.
答案：
It was cold last Monday morning.While I was walking my way to school，I noticed two street sweeping the street.Seeing them working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates we could do.The next day, we got up early and porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.
课件28张PPT。Unit 1　Arthad spentHad he caught the morning train, he would not have been
late for the meeting.wereknewwent/should go/were to gowould bewould have failedhad bookedhadhad studiedhad attendedwerevisited/were to visit/should visitcamewould holdhadbecame/should become/were to becomeknewwould behad takenhad attendedhave→hadam→werewill→wouldcan→couldhe与any younger之间的is→were第一个is→were第二个is→werecan → couldhad got up earliermight not have made such a foolish mistakecouldn’t live such had apologized to himI wish I could have a happy life本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
单句语法填空
1．Jack wished that he had__chosen(choose) to study medicine so that he could offer some help to the sick kids.
2．If he had__spent(spend) the whole day playing games, he wouldn’t have finished his homework.
3．Once one of my students said, “If I were(be) the wealthiest person in the world, I would donate all my belongings to my country.”
4．It would be perfect if he were(be) here because he can always make the atmosphere active.
5．If I have(have) time, I’ll invite you to go camping with me on the weekend.
6．If I lived(live) near my workplace, I would walk to work every day.
7．How I wish I had__attended(attend) your wedding anniversary held yesterday!
8．If I knew(know) her phone number, I could ring her up in no time.
9．But for the rain, we would__have__had(have) a pleasant journey the other day.
10．If he had__known(know) your address yesterday, he would have visited you.
阅读理解
Each year, the United Nations invites people and nations around the world, to hear and respond to the call to create a peaceful world. The International Day of Peace was established by the UN General Assembly as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace and specifically the absence of war and violence. Celebrated in 1982 for the first time, it was welcomed by many nations, political groups, military groups, and people.
To create a specific time each year, to stress the efforts of the UN and its member states as well as the whole human race and to give positive evidence of their commitment to peace in all possible ways, the United Nations member states adopted the 17 sustainable(可持续的) development goals. Because they understood that it would not be possible to build a peaceful world if steps were not taken to achieve economic and social development, and ensure that people’s rights were protected. The sustainable goals cover a broad range of issues, including poverty, hunger, health and social justice.
Then how can people take part in creating a just and peaceful society? The first and most important thing is to pray and reflect on the meaning of peace and ways to be involved. Each one has something to do to make peace a reality in our time. Gather in small groups and get involved in some activities. Also, various groups can come together and share ideas and plans and design life so that no one is excluded(排除) from it. Also, create communities where people can live in harmony.
People anywhere can celebrate the International Day of Peace. It can be as simple as lighting a peace candle, getting involved in praying, working with children and families to create peaceful ways of living. This is the work of a lifetime. People ought to take this opportunity to bring peace to our relationships, our nation and our world. No effort is too small to make a difference.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了世界和平日的相关情况。
1．According to Paragraph 1, the International Day of Peace aims to ________．
A．remind people not to forget the history
B．encourage peace and fight against violence
C．deal with illegal acts throughout society
D．show the great strength of the public
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的．..as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace and specifically the absence of war and violence.可知，世界和平日旨在鼓励和平、反对暴力。
2．Why were 17 sustainable development goals adopted according to Paragraph 2?
A．They make our environment cleaner.
B．They are necessary for achieving peace.
C．They cover a broad range of issues of our society.
D．They help people understand the meaning of peace.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Because they understood that...economic and social development可知，经济和社会等方面的可持续发展是实现和平的必要条件。
3．How can people be involved in creating a peaceful society?
A．Share plans and design new life.
B．Build a community of their own.
C．Try to work with their relatives.
D．Gather in small groups at all times.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Also, various groups can...is excluded(排除) from it.可知，人们可以通过相互分享愿望以及展望新生活来参与到创建和平社会的活动中去。
4．What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．Creating peace is a simple thing.
B．Working with relatives may achieve peace.
C．It is idealistic for us to create a peaceful world.
D．Everyone should contribute to the realization of peace.
D　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段的最后两句话可知，作者认为我们每个人都应该为实现和平贡献自己的力量。
七选五
Four Simple Steps to Be Truly Thankful
Thanksgiving is more than pie and turkey. It’s about helping and loving the family, friends and world around you. The following tips will help you show your thankfulness.
·Family
A lot can happen in a year. Your family may have added some loved ones and lost some at the same time. 1.________， and let your family know how important they are to you and how glad you are that you all could get together.
·Friends
Do what you always do—throw a party. In college, Chicago natives Heather and Nosheen threw a dinner party for their friends on Thanksgiving and came up with HANTDE: Heather and Nosheen’s Thanksgiving Day Extravaganza. 2.________.　
“HANTDE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year，” Heather says. “3.________， so HANTDE has become a time to see and be with each other.”
·Community(社区)
You could volunteer at a local soup kitchen or bring unused items to a food bank. 4.________. This year, Heather and Nosheen are asking their HANTDE guests to offer a monetary donation, which they will donate to help low-income families.
·Self
5．________， for example, the debts you paid off or the friends you’ve made. Being able to give thanks for yourself and what you’ve done is the first step to being able to show thankfulness to others.
A．Stop racing for the next raise
B．Look back on your recent achievements
C．Take the time to raise a glass during dinner
D．We have jobs now and don’t see each other that much
E．You could also turn your celebration into a good cause
F．What started in their dorm room now is a yearly tradition
G．Perhaps a family member is fighting against a deadly disease
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了表达感谢的相关建议。
1．C　解析：根据该空后的let your family know...可知，所给选项中只有C项符合该处语境。raise a glass意为“祝酒”。　
2．F　解析：根据上一句中的came up with和下一段中的HANTDE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year可知，HANTDE从一项宿舍活动变成了一个年年如此的传统。
3．D　解析：D项中的don’t see each other that much和该空后的become a time to see and be with each other相互呼应。
4．E　解析：该空后的内容是对E项“你也可以把庆祝变成一种高尚的目标”的举例。
5．B　解析：根据该空后的the debts you paid off or the friends you’ve made可知，应该回首自己最近的成就。
语法填空
A new international study 1.____________(show) that six people die every minute from smoking. If the present situation continues, 2.____________ number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 2020.
The study describes smoking 3.____________ the biggest cause to deadly diseases among grown-ups in industrial countries. So far most of the smoking victims have happened on men, especially in the 4.____________ (develop) countries. For example, 70% of Chinese men smoke more than 15 cigarettes each day. In Latin America about 50% of the men are smokers. There are also a very large number of smokers in East Europe. And 25% of all smoking 5.____________ (die) world-wide are in those areas of the world. Scientists say smoking will kill 50% of the smokers.
Smoking 6.____________(know) to cause lung cancer. It can also lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of bodies. Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers 7.____________(suffer) from heart disease.
Experts say that people will reduce 8.____________ (they) chance of dying from smoking if they stop smoking 9.____________ (complete). They say smokers 10.____________ give up smoking can improve their health.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了对吸烟问题进行研究而得出的新的国际研究结果。
1．shows　解析：考查动词时态。句意：一项新的国际研究显示每分钟有六个人死于吸烟。整篇文章都是一般现在时，故填shows。
2．the　解析：考查冠词。the number of...“……的数目”。
3．as　解析：考查介词。describe...as...“把……描写成……”。
4．developing　解析：考查形容词。句意：迄今为止，大多数的吸烟受害者是男性，尤其在发展中国家。根据后文Chinese men，Latin America和East Europe可知，这里应该指的是“发展中的”国家。
5．deaths　解析：考查名词。句意：全世界的吸烟死亡人数中有25%在世界上的这些区域。根据句中的are可知应用名词复数形式。
6．is known　解析：考查被动语态。句意：人们知道抽烟可以致肺癌。主语Smoking和动词know为被动关系，故应用被动语态。
7．to suffer　解析：考查不定式。句意：吸烟的人比不吸烟的人更有可能得心脏病。be likely to do sth.有可能做某事。
8．their　解析：考查代词。句意：专家们说如果人们完全戒烟，他们就会减少他们死于吸烟的机会。
9．completely　解析：考查副词。副词completely修饰动词stop。
10．who/that　解析：考查定语从句。句意：他们说戒烟的人会改善身体健康。who/that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
短文改错
(2019·吉林长春外国语学校高二月考)It was extreme cold last Monday morning.While I was walking in my way to school, I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street.Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school，I discussed with some classmates that we could do.The next day，we got up early and preparing porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little surprising at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily.Since it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.
答案：
It was cold last Monday morning.While I was walking my way to school，I noticed two street sweeping the street.Seeing them working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates we could do.The next day, we got up early and porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. it was very cold, we all felt warm at that moment.
Section Ⅴ　Writing
建议信
文体感知
建议信针对某事向对方提出合理化的建议或忠告，使对方接受自己的想法、主张，从而达到解决问题的目的。
1．建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、条理清晰、逻辑性强，要具有说服力。
2．提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌文雅。
增分佳句
1．As for the problem, I would like to give you some suggestions.
对于这个问题，我想给你提出一些建议。
2．It is useful/helpful/important/necessary for sb. to do sth.
对某人来说做某事是有用的/有帮助的/重要的/必需的。
3．There are several factors leading to the following suggestions.
有几点因素促成了下面的建议。
4．I do hope my suggestions will be useful to you.
我确实希望我的建议对你有用。
写作模板
Dear ________，
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to ________(引出主题)．
Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to ________. Then, it also helps to ________. Besides, it is/should be a good idea to ________. You can also ________．(用不同句式提出建议)
As to ________， I suggest ________(有时根据需要具体到某一方面). In addition, ________(其他建议). I’m sure ________(预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心)．
I’m looking forward to ________(表达愿望)．
Sincerely yours，
×××
写作要求
假定你是李华，你的朋友张柯发e-mail给你，就买什么样的英语词典听听你的建议。请根据下列提示，用英语给他回一封e-mail，推荐他买电子词典。
1．方便、快捷；2.内置多部词典，能发音；
3．能储存资料；4.其他……
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1．促成　　　　　　　　　　　　 lead__to/contribute__to
2．尽可能快 as__soon__as__possible
3．查阅(资料) consult
4．遇到 meet__with
5．站在旁边 stand__by
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①对你来说买一本电子词典是一个明智的选择。
It__is__a__wise__choice__for__you__to__buy an electronic dictionary.
②有几个因素促成了我的建议。
There are several factors, which lead__to__my__suggestions．
③无论到哪里去，带着电子词典都很方便，因为它比普通词典小得多。
It__is__convenient__for__you__to__carry the electronic dictionary wherever you go as it is much smaller than the common one.
④在电子词典中，你会非常快地得到你所想要的。
You can get what you want in the electronic dictionary as__soon__as__possible．
⑤查阅这种词典很容易。
It__is__very__easy__to__consult this kind of dictionary.
⑥当遇到有用的材料时，你可以尽可能多地储存下来。
When you meet__with__useful__materials,__you can store them as much as possible.
⑦它能够给你生动、清晰和正确的发音，就像一位老师站在你的旁边。
It can give you a vivid, clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing__by__you．
2．句式升级
⑧用分词作后置定语升级句②。
There are several factors leading__to__my__suggestions．
⑨用with的复合结构升级句③。
With the electronic dictionary being__much__smaller__than__the__common__one,__it is convenient for you to carry it wherever you go.
⑩用状语从句的省略形式升级句⑥。
When__meeting__with__useful__materials,__you can store them as much as possible.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Zhang Ke，
As for the problem you put forward in your last e-mail, I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an electronic dictionary.
There are several factors leading to my suggestions. To begin with, with the electronic dictionary being much smaller than the common one, it is convenient for you to carry it wherever you go. Additionally, you can get what you want in the electronic dictionary as soon as possible, for it is very easy to consult this kind of dictionary. When meeting with useful materials, you can store them as much as possible, because there is much RAM(内存) in it. What makes it outstanding from a variety of others, I think, is that it can give you a vivid, clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you. Since there are so many advantages，why not buy one?
I do hope my suggestions will be useful to you.
Yours，
Li Hua
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Henry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你寻求一些建议。请你根据所给要点给他回一封邮件。
1．到达时间；
2．合适的礼物；
3．餐桌礼仪。
注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Henry，
I’m very pleased to receive your e-mail. It’s my great pleasure to offer you some suggestions on your visit to Chinese friends.
To begin with, you are supposed to arrive early, which shows you attach much importance to the visit. With regard to the presents, a box of local chocolates may be a good choice. You can also bring them a bottle of wine produced in England. What’s more, it’s necessary for you to know some table manners. For instance, you can’t start to eat before the most respected or the elderly begin. Anyway, please take it easy. I believe your friends will forgive you even if you don’t do well.
I would highly appreciate your consideration of my suggestions.
Best，
Li__Hua
课件20张PPT。Unit 1　Artlead to/contribute toas soon as possibleconsultmeet withstand byIt is a wise choice for you to buylead to my suggestionsIt is convenient for you to carryas soon as possibleIt is very easy to consultmeet with useful materialsstanding by youleading to my suggestionsbeing much smaller than the common oneWhen meeting with useful materials本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.faith　n．信任；信心；信念
①The public has lost__faith__in(失去信任) the government, because the rate of unemployment is still increasing.
②I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years, and I think he is a faithful and honest friend.(faith)
2.aim　n．目标；目的　vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力
①The Chinese dream is aimed(aim) at improving the quality of life for all the people.
②Teamwork is required in order to achieve__these__aims(实现这些目标).
3.typical　adj.典型的；有代表性的
①Snow is typical of winter in the north of China.
②Nowadays it is typical of a young generation to__take(take) it for granted that parents should meet whatever they desire.
4.evident　adj.明显的；明白的
①It__was__evident__that(很明显) the policy was a great success.
②We have enough__evidence(evident) that he set fire to the house on purpose.
5.adopt　vt.采用；采纳；收养
①It is said that the headmaster__has__adopted__our__suggestions(已采纳了我们的建议).
②In the meeting, all the workers agreed to__adopt(adopt) a new approach to reform the factory.
6.possess　vt.拥有；具有；支配
①You can’t take possession(possess) of the car until you win the game.
②Having been cheated by that company, he lost all his possessions(possess).
③Although he doesn’t possess much money, he is__possessed(possess) of good health.
7.attempt　n．努力；尝试；企图　vt.尝试；企图
①David had prepared carefully for the chemistry exam so that he could be sure of passing it at__his__first__attempt(他第一次尝试).
②The boys made an attempt to__leave(leave) for camping but were stopped by their parents.
③Attempting(attempt) to lose weight, she spent much time doing exercise.
8.figure　n．画像；身材；数字；体形；人物　v．计算；认为
①Having__figured(figure) out the final total number, they were satisfied with the result.
②I’m determined to go on a diet to keep__my__figure(保持我的体形).
9.appeal　vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助　vt.将……上诉　n．呼吁；恳求
与此同时，她呼吁整个社会尊敬清洁工的劳动。(appeal)
①Meanwhile, she appeals__to__the__whole__society__to__respect cleaners’ labor.
②In the meantime, she makes__an__appeal__to__the__whole__society__to__respect cleaners’ labor.
续　表
阅读词汇排查练
1.abstract adj.　　　　抽象的；深奥的
n. 摘要
2．sculpture n. 雕塑
3．gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊
4．conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的
5．superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的
6．masterpiece n. 杰作；名著
7．shadow n. 阴影；影子
8．ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
9．controversial adj. 争论的；争议的
10．specific adj. 确切的；特定的
11.delicate adj.　　　　　脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的
12．allergic adj. 过敏性的；过敏的
13．flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体
14．bunch n. 束；串
15．avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街
16．fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的
17．visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的
18．fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的
19．permanent adj. 永久的；持久的
20．district n. 区；区域；行政区
重点短语
会书写
会应用
1.concentrate__on　　　　集中于……
2．a__great__deal 大量
3．on__the__other__hand (可是)另一方面
4．in__the__flesh 活着的；本人
5．as__well__as 既……又……；也
6．lead__to 导致
7．scores__of 许多，大量
8．appeal__to (对某人)有吸引力；
(使某人)感兴趣
9．by__coincidence 巧合地
10．break__away__from 脱离(政党等)；
放弃；打破(陈规)
1.I find it hard to concentrate__on my studies with some people having small talks around me.
2．On the one hand, the project can help protect our environment; on__the__other__hand,__it can also bring us great benefit.
3．Besides, we should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might recycle some, which will surely benefit us a__great__deal．
4．It was only by__coincidence that I saw the injured child on my way home, so I called 120 at once.
5．To reduce pollution as__well__as producing healthy food, some farmers have turned to organic farming.
6．If you had attended the party, you would have met James__in__the__flesh.
重点句型
1．表示方位的介词短语位于句首且句子主语为名词时，句子要完全倒装
在图画中，三个学生坐在桌子周围，桌上有三本书。
In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit__three__students．
2．what引导宾语从句
与逃跑的司机相比，我为所做之事感到非常自豪。
Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what__I__have__done．
3．This/That is because...这是/那是因为……
他想另找一份工作，这是因为他再也无法忍受这儿的压力了。
He wants to find another job; this__is__because he can’t put up with the pressure here any more.
4．动词-ing作结果状语
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)首先，一座新的体育馆已被建成，成为我校的新地标。
To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, becoming the new landmark in our school.
5．as if引导表语从句
她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来似的。
It looked as if she__had__just__come__back from outer space.
6．the first＋n./pron.＋to do sth.第一个做某事的……
屠呦呦是中国获得诺贝尔医学奖的第一位女性。
Tu Youyou is the__first__woman__to__win a Nobel Prize for medicine in China.
单元语法
1．If the sun were__to__rise(rise) in the west, I would follow you.
2．If I__were(be) you, I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.
3．If I had(have) enough money, I would buy that beautiful sculpture.
4．If he__had__followed(follow) my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
5．I would rather you attended(attend) the lecture given by the scholar next week.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．迈克花了大量的时间预测他的未来。(a great deal; predict)
2．他有许多梦想。(possess)
3．在这所有的梦想中，他最想成为一名飞行员。
4．另一方面，他却不努力学习。(on the other hand)
5．要想实现目标， 就要尝试采取不同的方法。(achieve one’s aim; attempt; adopt)
6．这一点是很明显的。(evident)
7．而他一贯光立志不履行。(It is typical of...)
8．学习对他没有多大的吸引力。(appeal to)
9．我呼吁像他这样的年轻人要用心学习，直至成功。(appeal to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Mike spends a great deal of time predicting his future.He possesses many dreams, among which becoming a pilot is his favorite; but on the other hand, he doesn’t study hard.It is evident that to achieve his aim one should attempt to adopt different approaches, but it is typical of him to make promises but never carry them out.Study doesn’t appeal to him much.So I appeal to the young people like him to study hard till success.
课件18张PPT。lost faith infaithfaithfullyfaithfulUnit 1　Artaimedachieve these aimsof to takeUnit 1　ArtIt was evident thatevidencehas adopted to adoptour suggestionsUnit 1　Artpossessionpossessionsis possessedat his first attemptto leaveAttemptingUnit 1　ArtHaving figured keep my figureappeals to the whole society to makes an appeal to the whole respectsociety to respectUnit 1　Art抽象的；深奥的摘要雕塑美术陈列室；画廊常规的；传统的；因循守旧的卓越的；杰出的；极好的杰作；名著阴影；影子荒谬的；可笑的争论的；争议的确切的；特定的脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的过敏性的；过敏的肉；肌肉；肉体束；串林荫道；道路；大街精细的；易碎的；脆弱的视觉的；看得见的香的；令人愉快的永久的；持久的区；区域；行政区concentrate ona great dealon the other handin the fleshas well aslead toscores ofappeal toby coincidencebreak away fromconcentrate onon the other handa great dealby coincidence as well asin the fleshsit three studentswhat I have donethis is because becomingshe had just come backthe first woman to winwere to risewerehadhad followedattended本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放