外研社必修三Module 3 The Violence of Nature grammar 过去完成时被动和间接引语课件（共30张）
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| 名称 | 外研社必修三Module 3 The Violence of Nature grammar 过去完成时被动和间接引语课件（共30张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-20 21:51:08 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
Module 3
Grammar
The past perfect passive
Indirect speech
1.The past perfect passive
Eight years later, the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada. The Gulf Stream had carried it 3000 kilometers up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island. Coghlan travelled back to Canada---After he had been buried in Texas！
Read the following paragraph and circle the verbs.
The past perfect tense
definition
structure
强调过去某一个动作发生在另一个动作前,即 过去的过去。
S. + had done (动词过去分词）
the past in the past
past
present
past perfect tense
(had done)
He had discussed this plan before the meeting.
He discussed the plan before the meeting.
The plan was discussed (by him) before the meeting.
This plan had been discussed (by him) before the meeting.
passive voice : was/were done
passive voice: had been done
The past perfect passive:
主语+ had been done + (by sb.) + 其他
1. After the hurricane, Mary saw (see) that the roof of her house had disappeared (disappear).
2. She returned (return) home and found (find) all her furniture had been ruined(ruin).
3. Arthur was surprised when he arrived (arrive) home because the tornado had taken (take) the features off her chickens.
4. we left (leave) the house when the thunderstorm finished (finish).
5. he had tried(try) to drive back to his home before the flood passed (pass) through the village.
exercises
1. After the earthquake, they discovered that
several people __________________.
2. When the hurricane ended, several
buildings in the town ________________.
3. His village _____________ in the heavy
rain, so he moved to his parents’ house.
4. When she woke up, she found that her
house _____________ by the thunderstorm.
5. Arthur was unhappy because some of his
animals __________________.
destroy die fall flood kill
had been killed/ had died
had been destroyed/ had fallen down
had been flooded/ had been destroyed
had been destroyed
had been killed/ had died
2. Direct and indirect speech
Direct speech: 直接引述别人的原话，
放于引号内。
Indirect speech： 用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的话不放于 引号内，
直接引语变间接引语，应在句式、时态、语态、人称和状语等方面做出相应的变化。
一、句式变化
1. 直接引语是陈述句时，变为间接引语时要变成以that引导的宾语从句，that 在从句中常常省略。
She said, “our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
2. 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether 或if 引导的宾语从句。
He asked John whether/if he could swim.
He said ,“ Can you swim, John?"
3.直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句。
She asked me,“ When do they have their dinner?"
She asked me when they had their dinner.
4.直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语中祈使句的谓语动词应变成不定式，直接引语中的say应改为ask tell order等，否定句需要在不定式前加not。
“Bring me a cup of tea, please," she said to him.
She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
“Do not open the door, please," she said to him.
She asked him not to open the door.
(二)时态变化
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去式
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
过去进行时 过去进行时
They said, “Our parents often go sopping with us.
They said their parents often went shopping with them.
She said,” I will do it after class”.
She said that she would do it after class.
(三) 人称变化
遵循“一主、二宾、三不变”原则。
“一主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。
She said."My brother wants to go with me.“
She said her brother wanted to go with her.
She said, “our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
“二宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称.或被第二人你所修饰.从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语.也可以用第一人称.
He said to Kate."How is your sister now?“
He asked Kate how her sister was then.
He asked John whether/if he could swim.
He said ,“ Can you swim, John?"
“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化.
Mr Smith said."Jack is a good worker.“
Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
She asked me,“ When do they have their dinner?"
She asked me when they had their dinner.
（四）人称和代词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
now then那时
today that day那天
tonight that night那天晚上
this week that week那周
yesterday the day before前一天
the day before yesterday two days before两天前
three days ago three days before三天前
last week the week before前一周
tomorrow the next/following day
next week the next/following week
this morning that morning那个早晨
时 间 状 语
直接引语 间接引语
this that
these those
here there
come go
bring take
地点状语
动词
指示代词
"Did you see her last week?" He asked
He asked if I had seen her the week before.
“Did you see him here last night? " He asked.
He asked if I had seen him there the night before.
Rewrite the sentences.
1. Volcanic eruptions don't happen very often on the island.
A scientist said that volcanic eruptions didn't happen very often on the island
2. No one was on the island during the volcanic eruption.
A local journalist said that no one had been on the island during the volcanic eruption
3. The thunderstorm will put out the fires.
Local people said that the thunderstorm would put out the fires
4. The students can go back to their homes.
The governor said that the students could go back to their homes
5. Several eruptions have taken place in the last twenty years.
A local radio station said that Several eruptions had taken place in the last twenty years.
6. The residents will travel back to the island when the danger is over.
A local journalist said that the residents would travel back to the island when the danger was over.
1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”
Jack told me that ___ worried ___. A. he looks…today B. you look…today C. we looked…that day D. I looked…that day
2. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”
Black asked me why ____ yet. A. I hadn’t left there B. I haven’t left here C. hadn’t I left there D. haven’t I left here
3. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”
We told her that ___ through the street ___. A. we were walking…then B. you are walking…now C .they were walking…then D. they walking…now
4. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”
Mr Black said that __ a long way __. A. I had walked…last week B. he had walked…that week C. I walked…last week D. he has walked…this week
5. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”
She asked whose house ____ break into _____. A. will he…next time B. would he…the next time C. he would…the next time D. he will…next time
6. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”
The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east. A. if…rise B. if…rises C. whether…rose D. whether did …rise
Thank you
Module 3
Grammar
The past perfect passive
Indirect speech
1.The past perfect passive
Eight years later, the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada. The Gulf Stream had carried it 3000 kilometers up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island. Coghlan travelled back to Canada---After he had been buried in Texas！
Read the following paragraph and circle the verbs.
The past perfect tense
definition
structure
强调过去某一个动作发生在另一个动作前,即 过去的过去。
S. + had done (动词过去分词）
the past in the past
past
present
past perfect tense
(had done)
He had discussed this plan before the meeting.
He discussed the plan before the meeting.
The plan was discussed (by him) before the meeting.
This plan had been discussed (by him) before the meeting.
passive voice : was/were done
passive voice: had been done
The past perfect passive:
主语+ had been done + (by sb.) + 其他
1. After the hurricane, Mary saw (see) that the roof of her house had disappeared (disappear).
2. She returned (return) home and found (find) all her furniture had been ruined(ruin).
3. Arthur was surprised when he arrived (arrive) home because the tornado had taken (take) the features off her chickens.
4. we left (leave) the house when the thunderstorm finished (finish).
5. he had tried(try) to drive back to his home before the flood passed (pass) through the village.
exercises
1. After the earthquake, they discovered that
several people __________________.
2. When the hurricane ended, several
buildings in the town ________________.
3. His village _____________ in the heavy
rain, so he moved to his parents’ house.
4. When she woke up, she found that her
house _____________ by the thunderstorm.
5. Arthur was unhappy because some of his
animals __________________.
destroy die fall flood kill
had been killed/ had died
had been destroyed/ had fallen down
had been flooded/ had been destroyed
had been destroyed
had been killed/ had died
2. Direct and indirect speech
Direct speech: 直接引述别人的原话，
放于引号内。
Indirect speech： 用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的话不放于 引号内，
直接引语变间接引语，应在句式、时态、语态、人称和状语等方面做出相应的变化。
一、句式变化
1. 直接引语是陈述句时，变为间接引语时要变成以that引导的宾语从句，that 在从句中常常省略。
She said, “our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
2. 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether 或if 引导的宾语从句。
He asked John whether/if he could swim.
He said ,“ Can you swim, John?"
3.直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句。
She asked me,“ When do they have their dinner?"
She asked me when they had their dinner.
4.直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语中祈使句的谓语动词应变成不定式，直接引语中的say应改为ask tell order等，否定句需要在不定式前加not。
“Bring me a cup of tea, please," she said to him.
She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
“Do not open the door, please," she said to him.
She asked him not to open the door.
(二)时态变化
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去式
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
过去进行时 过去进行时
They said, “Our parents often go sopping with us.
They said their parents often went shopping with them.
She said,” I will do it after class”.
She said that she would do it after class.
(三) 人称变化
遵循“一主、二宾、三不变”原则。
“一主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。
She said."My brother wants to go with me.“
She said her brother wanted to go with her.
She said, “our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
“二宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称.或被第二人你所修饰.从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语.也可以用第一人称.
He said to Kate."How is your sister now?“
He asked Kate how her sister was then.
He asked John whether/if he could swim.
He said ,“ Can you swim, John?"
“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化.
Mr Smith said."Jack is a good worker.“
Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
She asked me,“ When do they have their dinner?"
She asked me when they had their dinner.
（四）人称和代词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
now then那时
today that day那天
tonight that night那天晚上
this week that week那周
yesterday the day before前一天
the day before yesterday two days before两天前
three days ago three days before三天前
last week the week before前一周
tomorrow the next/following day
next week the next/following week
this morning that morning那个早晨
时 间 状 语
直接引语 间接引语
this that
these those
here there
come go
bring take
地点状语
动词
指示代词
"Did you see her last week?" He asked
He asked if I had seen her the week before.
“Did you see him here last night? " He asked.
He asked if I had seen him there the night before.
Rewrite the sentences.
1. Volcanic eruptions don't happen very often on the island.
A scientist said that volcanic eruptions didn't happen very often on the island
2. No one was on the island during the volcanic eruption.
A local journalist said that no one had been on the island during the volcanic eruption
3. The thunderstorm will put out the fires.
Local people said that the thunderstorm would put out the fires
4. The students can go back to their homes.
The governor said that the students could go back to their homes
5. Several eruptions have taken place in the last twenty years.
A local radio station said that Several eruptions had taken place in the last twenty years.
6. The residents will travel back to the island when the danger is over.
A local journalist said that the residents would travel back to the island when the danger was over.
1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”
Jack told me that ___ worried ___. A. he looks…today B. you look…today C. we looked…that day D. I looked…that day
2. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”
Black asked me why ____ yet. A. I hadn’t left there B. I haven’t left here C. hadn’t I left there D. haven’t I left here
3. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”
We told her that ___ through the street ___. A. we were walking…then B. you are walking…now C .they were walking…then D. they walking…now
4. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”
Mr Black said that __ a long way __. A. I had walked…last week B. he had walked…that week C. I walked…last week D. he has walked…this week
5. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”
She asked whose house ____ break into _____. A. will he…next time B. would he…the next time C. he would…the next time D. he will…next time
6. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”
The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east. A. if…rise B. if…rises C. whether…rose D. whether did …rise
Thank you