人教新目标 英语复习常用介词辨析课件(30张)

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名称 人教新目标 英语复习常用介词辨析课件(30张)
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更新时间 2020-04-21 00:00:00

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课件30张PPT。人教版英语九年级复习 初中英语常用介词辨析
教学目标熟记,巧记各种介词的词义及与其意义相近的介词的用法和区别。介 词 的 用 法Task 1. 表示时间的介词in 表示月份、季节、年份、年月、世纪、上下午、晚上。
如: My birthday is in February.
Life was different in 19th century.1) at,on,in at 表示某一时刻、某一钟点或假期期间。
如:I woke up at 7 o’clock.on表示具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上。
如:The story happened on a cold winter night.in>1天
on=1天
at<1天口诀:in年 in月 in季节
on加具体某一天
at要加时间点 例:1.____8:00 八点钟
2.____ Monday 周一
3.____ Summer 夏天
4.____ 2018 2018年atoninin*“after+一段时间”,表示从过去某时间往后推算一段时间,用于过去时;“after+时间点”,一般用于将来时。
如:They came back after two days.
They will be free after 2 o’clock this afternoon. 2) after,in *in+一段时间,表示从现在起往后推算一段时间,用于将来时。
如:They will be back in two days.(  )1. We are leaving tomorrow. We will be away ________ next Friday.
A.from B.until C.on D.since
(  )2. —What time do you usually go to school, Jack?
—________ about half past seven
A.On B.In C.At D.For
C B练一练*“since+时间点”,指从某时一直延续至今,用于完成时。
如:They have been here since 5 days ago.
They have been here since the meeting began.3) from,for,since *from 说明开始的时间,可用于过去、现在、将来的时态。如:We go to school from Monday to Friday. *“for+一段时间”,指动作延续贯穿整个过程,用于完成时。
如:They have been here for 5 days. *“since+时间点”,指从某时一直延续至今,用于完成时。
如:They have been here since 5 days ago.
They have been here since the meeting began.3) from,for,since , until *from 说明开始的时间,可用于过去、现在、将来的时态。如:We go to school from Monday to Friday. *“for+一段时间”,指动作延续贯穿整个过程,用于完成时。
如:They have been here for 5 days. *untiluntil用于肯定句时,意为 “直到……为止”,谓语动词为延续性动词;用于否定句时,意为 “直到……才”,谓语动词为瞬间动词。
如:Please stay here until the meeting is over.
I didn’t go to bed until my mother came home yesterday.Task 2. 表示地点或方位的介词in表示在范围之内(属于该范围); on 表示与某一地区接壤; to 表示隔海相望。例如:
Guangdong is in the south of China.
(广东属于中国)
Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.
(广东不属于湖南,但与湖南是毗邻关系)
Japan is to the east of China.
(日本不属于中国,而且隔海相望)1)区别—in 表示 “在某一个范围内,B地在A地内”。
如:Zhuhai is in Guangdong. in,on,toon表示 “A、B两地接壤,”
如: Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.to表示 “A、B两地相隔”
如:Hainan is to the south of Guangdong. ABABABinonto区别一at 表示 “某一点的位置或具体位置 (较小的地方)”。如:He arrived at the village late last night.at,in, onin 表示 “在某一个范围内 (大地方)”。
如:He arrived in Beijing 2 hours ago.
on表示 “在某一个面。如:They live on the second floor. (in 跟大地点,at 跟小,on在平面别忘了)
区别二短语辨析
(1)on the tree, in the tree
on the tree 长在树上的果、叶等,表示“在树上”。in the tree 外来的东西,表示“在树上”。如:There are only a few apples on the tree .some birds are singing in the tree.
(2)on the wall, in the wall
on the wall 紧贴在墙表面上的,表示“在墙上”。in the wall 镶嵌在墙里的,表示“在墙上”。
*between表示 “在两者之间” 。如:Lucy is sitting between Jane and Mary.2)between,among *among表示 “在 (三者或以上) 的之中”。Our teacher stands among us.
如: The song is very popular among teenagers.*through表示 “内部穿过”。如:
The light goes into the room through the window.3)across,past,through*across表示 “表面横过”。
如: Be careful while walking across the street.*past表示 “侧面经过”。
如:Don’t forget to call me when walking past my house.*above表示 “在……的上方”,但不一定在正上方,也不接触另一物,反义词为below。如:
There is a bird flying above the bridge.4)on,over,above*on表示 “在……的表面上”,两者有接触。
如: There is a book on the desk.*over表示 “在……的正上方”,多暗示悬空,反义词为under。如: There is a bridge over the river.*under表示 “在……的正下方”。
如:There is a book under the desk。5)below,under*below表示 “在……的下方”。
如:The radio said the temperature would be below zero.*at泛指在某个位置。如:She’s at the table.6)at,beside,by,near,next to*by强调 “紧贴” 。如:She sits by John.
*near表示 “在……附近”,比by表示的距离远得多。如:She stands near John.*next to表示 “紧靠……的旁边” 。
如:She stands next to John.*beside常用语,表示 “在……旁边” 。如: She sits beside me.*on表示用某种方式,后可接表示交通工具、手段、通讯方式等名词。如: on the telephone,on the radio,on TVTask 3.表示手段、工具或方式的介词*by表示用某种方法、手段或交通工具。如: by bike,by Internet,by selling flowers*in表示用某种方式,后可接表示语言、声音、颜色、材料等名词。如: in English,in red*with表示用某种具体的工具或手段。如: write with a penTask 4.其他常用介词1)except,besides,but*except指从整体中排除,意为 “除了…… (不包括在内)”,常与表示完全肯定或完全否定的词连用。
如:All of us went to the zoo last Sunday except John.*besides指 “除了……之外 (还有)”,常与also,other,another等连用。
如: All of us went to the zoo last Sunday besides John.*but表示 “除了……什么也没有”,多与nobody,nothing连用
如: There is nothing but a bed in the room..2)against表示 “反对,违背”,反义词为for,常用短语为play against意为 “与……对抗”,be strongly against意为 “强调反对”。
如:We played against Class 9 yesterday afternoon. 3)as表示 “作为,以……身份”,后面接表示职业、职务、身份的名词。如: He is famous as a writer. 5)with表示 “和,同,与……,带着,“有”,表示伴随;”。如:1) I often go shopping with my mother.2) the house with a big garden is mine.4)like表示 “像……一样”,用于说明相似关系,实际上不是。如: The girl looks like her father.6)without的意思是“没有”如:I can’t finish the task without your helpTask5 固定搭配
1.agree with 同意 2.arrive at/in 到达 3.at once 立刻        
4.at the same time 同时
5.at the age of 在……岁时6.be angry with 生……的气     
7.be good at/do well in擅长于
8.be interested in 对……感兴趣 9.be late for 迟到
10.be strict with 对……严格
11.by the way 顺便说
12.on one's way to… 在……的路上
13.by mistake 错误地14.catch up with 赶上
15.cheer up 使……高兴
16.come up with 提出17.regard as 把……当作
18.to one’s surprise 使……惊奇的是
19.with a smile 微笑着20.depend on依靠
21.be different from与…不同 22.fall off 掉下来 23.get along with 与……相处
24.hear of 听说 25.hear from 收到……来信
26.help with 帮助 27.in public 在公共场合
28.in trouble 处于困境中 29.in surprise 惊奇地
30.in time 及时 31.learn from 向……学习
32.laugh at 嘲笑 33.on foot 步行
34.make friends with 与……交朋友( )1. — How soon will you be back, Peter?
— ____ three weeks.(2016·福州)
A. In B. For C. During
( ) 2. I was born ____ September 15th,1998.(2015·)
A. at B. on C. in
( ) 3. It’s reported that the passenger ship “Eastern Star” capsized and sank(翻沉)in the Yangtze River _____ June 1st, 2015. (2015.青岛)
A. in B. on C. at 真题热身中考真题ABB( )4. — Sally is my best friend. She is always there
whenever I’m ____ .
— Yeah. A friend in need is a friend indeed.(2016·福州市)
A. in order B. in trouble C. in public
( ) 5. It’s necessary _____ people to have food and water
every day.(2016·泉州市)
A. of B. for C. with 真题热身中考真题BB(  ) 6. Drinking alcohol(白酒) can be ________ your brains. So people in China aren't allowed to drink it if they are younger than 18.
                       A.good at B.good with C.harmful to D.thirsty for(  )7. A conversation ________ a wise person is worth ten years' study of books.
A.for B.like C.with D.toC C