(共35张PPT)
Unit 4 Cyberspace
Lesson 4 Virtual Tourism
课文预习自测
Ⅰ 阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. Which paragraph tells us Auckland was once the capital of New Zealand?
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2.
C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
2. Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand.
B. Auckland is located on North Island.
C. From the Sky Tower you can enjoy amazing Maori traditional dances.
D. The Maoris were the first people of New Zealand.
○
○
3. The text tells us that .
A. the climate of Auckland is suitable for all water sports
B. Auckland is popular only as a travelling city
C. Auckland has the most boats in the world
D. it is easy for people all over the world to travel to Auckland
○
4. Why is Auckland called “the city of sails”?
A. Because every year all kinds of competitions about sailing are held there.
B. Because the number of the boats there is larger than anywhere else in the world.
C. Because Auckland is famous for making boats.
D. Because people there like sailing.
5. Which of the following aspects isn’t mentioned in the text?
A. The history of Auckland. B. The climate of Auckland.
C. The famous sights of Auckland. D. The future of Auckland.
○
○
Ⅱ 语法填空 （根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
AUCKLAND*New Zealand
a guide
Auckland is the 1 （large） city in New Zealand. It has a population of just under a million people，and it 2 （locate） on North Island.
The history of Auckland goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area. The British arrived and European 3 （settle） began in 1840. Auckland had been the capital of New Zealand before the capital moved to Wellington，which was more 4______（centre）.
largest
located
settlement
central
There are many famous 5 （sight），including Mt Eden，the Auckland Harbour Bridge，the Parnell Village，the Sky Tower，as well as the Auckland Museum，6 you can see Maori traditional dances.
Auckland is called “the city of sails” because it has more boats than 7__________ （somewhere） else in the world. It has a warm climate 8 plenty of sunshine
and some of the best beaches for doing water sports.
It is easy 9 （travel） between Auckland and the rest of New Zealand by air. 10 ，flights from Europe take over twenty-four hours and are expensive.
sights
where
anywhere
with
to travel
However
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
词 汇一 guide n. 指南；导游，向导 vt. 指导；引路
◆教材原句 a guide 一份指南
◆要点必记
a guide to family health 家庭健康指南 a tour guide 一位导游
an experienced mountain guide一位有经验的登山向导
guide sb. through the narrow street引导某人穿过狭窄的街道
◆词语积累 guide vt. +-ance → guidance n. 指导，引导
under one’s guidance 在某人的指导下
◆单句写作
(1)When the meeting was over，the secretary _________________________（带领这名新员工到）the manager’s office.
(2) There is _____________ （一位导游）on every bus.
(3) The stranger ___________________ （带领我穿过）the noisy street.
(4) ［词汇复现］ __________________________ （在他姐姐的指导下），he is likely to complete my project.
guided the new worker to
a tour guide
guided me through
Under his sister’s guidance
词 汇二 locate vt. （1）坐落于，位于（常用于被动语态）（2）找出……的位置
◆教材原句
It has a population of just under a million people and is located on North Island. （奥克兰）人口不到一百万，位于北岛。
◆要点必记
be located in/on 坐落于，位于（=lie in/on）
locate Berlin on the map 在地图上找到柏林
locate the source of the radio signal确定无线电信号的来源
◆词语积累
location n. 位置，场所the location of the factory 工厂的位置
◆单句写作
(1)Mount Huang _____________ （位于） Anhui Province.
(2) ［词 汇 复 现］The centre _________________________ many historical sites.
这个中心位于很容易到达许多古迹的地方。
◆单句语法填空
(3) He used to play in an NBA club but now he plays in a CBA club， __________ （locate） in Shanghai.
(4) The map shows the precise ________（locate） of the crash.
is located in
is located within easy reach of
located
location
词 汇三 settle v.（1）定居；安家落户（ in ） （2）（使）平静，（使）安定
（3）和解；解决；结束（分歧、纠纷等）
◆教材原句
The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area. 奥克兰的历史可追溯到 650 年前，那时毛利人在奥克兰定居。
◆要点必记
settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于（新居）；适应新环境（或新工作）
settle down 平静下来；安顿下来；着手认真做（+to） settle on/upon 决定，选定
◆词语辨析 settle 与 solve
（1）settle 常指解决争端，宾语多为 issue，argument，quarrel，difference 等；
（2）solve侧重给出答案，宾语多为problem，mystery，puzzle，difficulty 等。
◆词语积累
settler n. 定居者
settled adj. 稳定的；定居的 settlement n. 解决；定居；协议
It’s all settled. 一切都定下来了。 reach a settlement 达成协议
◆写出下列句中画线词语的意思
(1)［词汇复现］That tour guide had come to America and settled in Boston.
(2) It took me a few minutes to settle down before I gave a speech.
(3) ［词汇复现］Under the guidance of his father，he is very likely to settle the matter.
◆单句写作
(4) ［词汇复现］The marriage began in a stormy fashion，but soon _____________ （平静下来）.
在某地定居
平静下来
在某地定居
settled down
(5) It took him a few months to _____________ （适应） the life at college.
◆单句语法填空
(6) —Why do you look so upset?
—There are so many troublesome problems remaining ___________（settle）.
(7) With a lot of difficult problems _________ （settle），the newly-elected
president is having a hard time.
(8) The Maoris were the earliest _________ （settle）in Auckland and then European ___________ （settle）began in 1840 when the British arrived.
settle in/into
to be settled
to settle
settlers
settlement
词 汇四 view n. ［C］景色，风景；［C，U］视野，视线；［C］观点，意见
vt. 观看；查看；把……视为……
◆教材原句
In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower，which is the city’s
tallest Tower. 在城里，站在该市最高的塔——天空塔上，你可以欣赏到令人惊异的景色。
◆要点必记
in view 在视线范围内 out of view 不在视野中
come into view 进入视野 have a good view of 对……一览无余
at first view 乍一看；初见 in one’s view/opinion 在某人看来
one’s view on/about sth.某人关于某事的看法 take the view that... 持有……的观点
in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于 point of view 观点，看法
form a unique view 形成独特的观点 his view of life 他的人生观
◆词语辨析 view，sight，scene与 scenery
（1）view 指从远处或高处看到的景色；
（2）sight 指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光；
（3）scene 是 scenery 的一部分，多包括其中的人物及活动；
（4）scenery 指某一国家或地区总的自然景色。
◆单句写作
(1)At last，the Auckland Harbour Bridge，which is one of Auckland’s most famous sights，______________（映入眼帘）.
(2) You can _____________________ （欣赏到美丽的风景）from Mt Eden，which is one of many large volcanoes.
(3) ______________ （鉴于） the facts，it seems useless to continue.
(4) At the top of the tower，you will __________________ （很好地看到）the whole town.
(5) _________________ （在我看来），it was a waste of time.
(6) English ______________ （被视为）a tool of international communication.
came into view
enjoy a wonderful view
In view of
have a good view of
In my view/opinion
is viewed as
◆辨析填空（view/scene/sight/scenery）
(7) Guilin is famous for its beautiful __________.
(8) Reporters were soon on the _________after the accident.
(9) We laughed at the ________of his strange clothes.
(10) Seeing from the top of the tower，we can get a better ________ of our city.
(11) Seeing the________ of children playing in the park，I’m full of confidence in the future of our country.
scenery
scene
sight
view
scene
词 汇五 plenty of 丰富的，大量的（+ 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词）
◆教材原句
It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine—the average temperature in January（summer） is 23. 4℃ ...这里气候温和，阳光充足——平均气温一月（夏季） 23. 4 摄氏度……
◆要点必记
和其他表示“许多”“大量”的短语，如 a quantity of/quantities of，a lot of/lots of，
a mass of/masses of 一样，plenty of 后也跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，谓语动
词的单复数要和 of 后面名词单复数形式保持一致。
◆归纳拓展
主 谓 一 致 问 题：由 all of，most of，half of，a lot of，part of...，one fourth of...，none of...，some of...，majority of...，...percent of...，the rest of...，more than...of 等加名词作主语，谓语动词的数取决于该名词的单复数。
◆单句写作
(1)We always keep ____________（大量的）spare paper，in case we run out.
(2) I think you need some outdoor exercise. __________________ （充足的新鲜空气）will contribute to good health.
◆单句语法填空
(3) —You are always full of energy. Can you tell me the secret?
—Taking plenty _________ exercise every day.
(4) There _________ （be） plenty of jobs available in the western part of the country.
(5) Lots of damage ____________ （be）caused by the fire.
plenty of
Plenty of fresh air
of
are
was
(6) Two thirds of people present ____________ （be） women.
(7) There ____________ （be）plenty of restaurants nearby.
(8) There ____________ （be）plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families，and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
(9) The majority of the students ____________ （like） English.
(10) Most of the apple ____________ （be） eaten by a rat.
(11) The rest of his journey ____________ （be） pleasant.
are
are
is
like
was
was
词 汇六 average （1）adj. 平均的；平常的 （2）n. 平均数；平均水平，一般水准
◆要点必记1
an average rate/cost/price平均比率 / 成本 / 价格
average temperature 平均气温 an average student 一名普通的学生
the average age of...……的平均年龄 the average of...……的平均数
◆要点必记2
on average 平均来看 up to （the） average 达到平均水平
above/below （the） average平均水平以上 / 以下
◆单句写作
(1)［2015·重庆卷］Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68℃ _________________（高于平均水平）.
(2) Four hundred people a year die of this disease ______________（平均）.
(3) Over the last 100 years，the global ___________________ （平均气温）has increased by 1°F.
(4) ______________ （……的平均数） 3，4 and 11 is 6.
above the average
on average
average temperature
The average of
词 汇七 regular adj. （1）定期的，定时的 （2）正常的，惯常的
◆教材原句
There are regular international flights，too.也有定期国际航班。
◆要点必记
take regular exercise 定期锻炼
hold regular meetings 定期开会 the regular opening hours 正常营业时间
return to one’s regular duties回去正常上班 a regular square shape 规则的正方形
◆词语积累
irregular adj. 不定期的；不频繁的
regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地
单句写作
(1)［词汇复现］He suggested that we should get into the habit of ____________________ （定期锻炼）.
(2) We ___________________________ every Monday.我们每周一开例会。
单句语法填空
(3) ［2016·全国Ⅱ卷］Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___________ （regular）.
(4) We should have a ___________ （regular）bedtime. And it is important to stick with it. Having ___________ （regular）sleep cycles can really affect concentration and physical well-being.
taking regular exercise
hold/have regular meetings
regularly
regular
irregular
词 汇八 be known as 作为……而出名；被称为
◆教材原句
It is also known as “the city of sails” because of all the boats there. 由于那儿所有的船只，它还作为“风帆之都”而闻名。
◆要点必记
be known/ famous for 因……而知名 / 闻名
be known to 为……所熟知
◆学法点拨
be known as+ 人 / 物的身份
be known for + 出名的原因
be known to+ 人
◆误区警示“为……所熟知”表达法：
be known to（√）
be known by（×）
◆单句语法填空
(1)He is known ________ a famous magician（魔术师） ________ all people.
(2) ________ （know） as the “first lady of speech”，Dr. Lillian Glass is recognised as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
(3) ［词汇复现］The Sky Tower is known ________ one of the most exciting sights in Auckland.
(4) It won’t be long before the result of the job interview is made known ________ the public.
as
to
Known
as
to
(5) Alaska is known ________ its cold snowy weather. For many years，dogsleds were the only means of transportation.
(6) Although Venice is known ________ one of the most beautiful cities in the world，hotel rates and services are low-cost compared to other destinations.
for
as
重点句式
句 式一 比较级形式表达最高级含义
◆教材原句
Auckland is called “the city of sails” because it has more boats than anywhere else in the world. 奥克兰被称为“风帆之都”，因为这里的帆船比世界上任何一个地方都多。
◆句式分析
more boats than anywhere else 是比较级结构表达最高级含义
◆单句语法填空
(1)Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ____________（popular）.
(2) —How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I’ve never had a ________________ （pleasant）one before.
(3) The climate here is ________ （cold） than anywhere else in the world.
(4) ［词 汇 复 现］Lisa reached the destination ________ （early） than anybody else.
(5) ［词汇复现］Mary is ________________ （optimistic） than any other girl /all the other girls in her class.
more popular
more pleasant
colder
earlier
more optimistic
(6) ［词汇复现］Nobody is ________ （good） at this scientific project than him.
(7) I have never enjoyed a ________________ （wonderful） view.
◆单句写作
(8) I like the bicycle very much. You couldn’t have chosen ________________ （任何更好的礼物） for me.
better
more wonderful
any nicer gift
◆一句多译
他比班上其他任何男孩都高。
(9) _________________________________
(10) _________________________________
(11) _________________________________
(12) _________________________________
He is taller than any other boy in his class.
He is taller than any of the other boys in his class.
He is taller than all the other boys in his class.
No other boy is taller than him in his class
(共53张PPT)
Unit 4 Cyberspace
Lesson 3 Virtual Reality
课文预习自测
Ⅰ 阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. According to the dialogue，which of the following is TRUE?
A. This weekend Tom will not help Cathy finish a project on the history of the Internet if it’s sunny.
B. Tom will have a virtual reality holiday this weekend.
C. A virtual university is an interesting game online instead of a real university.
D. Virtual reality holidays won’t take less time than real holidays.
○
2. From the dialogue，we can know that .
A. Tom likes going camping at the weekend B. Tom knows much about the library computer
C. Cathy has little interest in the virtual reality D. Cathy is as interested as Tom in virtual reality holidays
3. What does Cathy mean by the last words?
A. Cathy knows nothing about virtual universities at all.
B. Cathy believes that a virtual university isn’t better than a true one.
C. Cathy thinks that Tom cannot go to a world-famous university at all.
D. Cathy thinks it’s better to study at home than in a true university.
○
○
4. In Cathy’s opinion，virtual reality holidays have the following advantages EXCEPT that .
A. we don’t worry about the weather B. we can visit some countries in seconds
C. we can experience what we see D. we don’t have to spend much time travelling
5. What do we need in order to have a virtual reality holiday?
A. Just a computer and the Internet. B. A suitcase.
C. A plane ticket. D. An umbrella.
○
○
Ⅱ 语法填空 （根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
Tom and Cathy are talking about their plans for this weekend. Cathy will be busy this weekend because she 1 （finish） her project on the history of the Internet for next Monday’s lesson. And Tom will probably go 2 （camp），but it depends on the weather. If it rains，he will stay at home and help Cathy 3 her project. Cathy is very thankful for his offer. And she hopes he can give her some 4___ （suggest） about books on the project，and then she will look for them in the library. Tom suggests she 5 （use） the library computer to look for information. He will send her the website address when he 6 （get） home. Cathy imagines that they would not only be able to travel around the world，but also go to study in any world-famous university they wanted to. They would be able to go 7 （somewhere） they liked if they had virtual reality holidays. And they wouldn’t have to go there in 8 flesh at all. Although Tom doesn’t understand
9 （complete），he thinks it could be really 10 （excite）.
must finish
camping
with
suggestions
use
gets
anywhere
the
completely
exciting
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
词 汇一 suggest vt. （1）建议，提议 （2）暗示；表明
◆教材原句
Tom，can you suggest any good books for my project?
汤姆，你能提供一些和我做的课题有关的好参考书吗？
◆要点必记
suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议 / 建议某事
suggest（one’s）doing sth. 建议（某人）做某事
suggest that sb.（should）do sth. 建议某人做某事（虚拟语气）
◆一言辨异
Jane’s pale face suggested she was ill，and her parents suggested that she（should）have a medical examination. 简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下体检。
（1）suggest 表示“建议”时，其后的名词性从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语的形式
为“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
（2）suggest 表示“表明，暗示”时，后接从句用陈述语气。
◆单句语法填空
(1)Bill suggested ________（hold） a meeting on what to do for the sales promotion during the vacation.
(2) The smile on his face suggested that he ________ （be） glad to be of some help.
(3) ［词汇复现］Tom suggested a good website address ________ Cathy for her project.
(4) All of us suggested that John ______________ （buy） a good-quality bicycle rather than a cheap one.
(5) The doctor suggested him ________ （give）up smoking.
holding
was
to
（should） buy
giving
(6) ［2019·北京卷］I suggest that you ______________ （begin） from Beijing，and I’ll show you around.
(7) ［词汇复现］The chart suggests that the economy of that area ________（be） recovering rapidly.
（should）begin
is
词 汇二 have problems / a problem with sth .在某方面有问题 / 有困难
◆教材原句
...we wouldn’t have any problems with the weather. ……我们就不用担心天气的问题了。
◆要点必记
在某方面有问题 / 有困难
have problems/a problem with sth.
have problems/a problem（in）doing sth.
have trouble/difficulty with sth.
= have trouble/difficulty/a hard time （in）doing sth.
◆误区警示
彼得和杰克都很难找到一份好工作。
Peter and Jack both have problems （in）finding a good job. （√ ）
Peter and Jack both have problems to find a good job. （×）
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］Do you have any problems ________ your project?
(2) ［词汇复现］I missed my deskmate a lot but had difficulty ________ （get） in touch with her.
(3) The old lady told us about the great difficulty she had ________ （raise）her five children.
with
getting
raising
◆一句多译
［词汇复现］我们理解虚拟现实的含义有困难。
(4) We ______________________________what virtual reality meant.
(5) We _____________________________ what virtual reality meant.
(6) We _____________________________ what virtual reality meant.
(7) We _____________________________what virtual reality meant.
had problems in understanding
had trouble in understanding
had difficulty in understanding
had a hard time understanding
词 汇三 what ’ s more 而且，此外，再者
【教材原句】
What’s more，we wouldn’t have to spend a long time travelling on planes to get to our
holiday destinations. 而且，我们也不必坐很长时间的飞机去我们度假的目的地。
【句法分析】
该句是一个简单句。what’s more 作插入语，不定式短语 to get to our holiday
destinations 作目的状语。
◆归纳拓展 英语中常见的其他插入语：
generally speaking 一般说来 what’s worse 更糟糕的是
worse still 更糟的是 that is（to say）也就是说
to tell（you）the truth 说实话 to be honest 老实说
to begin/start with 首先 to make matters worse 更糟糕的是
in other words 换句话说 in a word 总之，一句话
believe it or not 信不信由你
◆单句写作
(1)［词汇复现］They are going to get married，and __________（而且） they fancy setting up a company together.
(2) ［2013·安徽卷］If parents have children help with housework，the children will feel needed. ___________ （而且），they will learn to take care of themselves.
(3) I don’t know what __________ （他在忙什么），and __________ （而且），it is none of my business.
(4) ________________（信不信由你），there is no such thing as standard English.
what’s more
What’s more
he is up to
what’s more
Believe it or not
(5) __________________ （一般来说），your arrival shouldn’t be later than the fixed time.
(6) Susan doesn’t like working. ________________ （换句话说），she’s lazy!
(7) ________________ （说实话），I don’t know if he broke the window on purpose.
Generally speaking
In other words
To tell the truth
词 汇四 spend vt. 花费，消耗
◆要点必记
spend time/money on sth.在某事 / 某物上花费时间 / 金钱
spend time（in） doing sth.花费时间做某事
spend money（on） doing sth.花费金钱做某事
◆归纳拓展
·人+ spend+金钱/时间+ on sth. /doing sth. ·It takes+ 人 + 时间 +to do sth.
·人 +pay+ 金钱 +for+ 物 ·事 / 物 +cost+ 人 + 金钱
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］The girl liked the latest fashions and spent ＄200 ________ a new dress.
(2) ［词 汇 复 现］Virtual reality holidays cost less money and what’s more，we needn’t spend a lot of time ________ （pack）a suitcase.
(3) ［2019·北京卷］Sports team owners spend millions of dollars _________（attract） top talent.
(4) ［词汇复现］David _________ （spend） a lot of time（in）making arrangements for the tour recently.
on
packing
attracting
has spent
(5) ［2014· 福 建 卷］ ____________ （spend） the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature（成 熟 的）than those of her age.
(6) ［2013·陕西卷］On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour ________ （drive） to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.
(7) ［2013·江西卷］Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay ________ it.
Having spent
to drive
for
词 汇五 destination n. 目的地
◆要点必记
our final destination 我们的最终目的地
arrive at/reach one’s destination 到达目的地
a popular holiday/tourist destination受欢迎的度假 / 旅游目的地
◆单句写作
It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in _______________________ （到达你的目的地） but in the journey itself.
arriving at your destination
词 汇六 in the flesh 本人亲身；亲自
◆教材原句
We won’t have to go there in the flesh at all! 我们根本不必亲自到那儿去！
◆要点必记
flesh and blood 血肉之躯
one’s （own）flesh and blood 亲骨肉；亲人
put flesh on sth. 充实某事物
◆归纳拓展
常见的“in+the + 名词”结构的短语：
in the air 在传播中 in the balance 悬而未决
in the beginning 起初 in the way 挡道
in the open 在户外
◆单句写作
(1)Thousands of fans spent the whole morning waiting in the theatre to see the star ___________ （本人）.
◆单句语法填空
(2) I’ll try to put flesh ________ the plan Mary has come up with.
(3) ［词汇复现］I have been in touch with the expert for two years. However，I have never seen him in ________ flesh.
(4) ［2013·福建卷］Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ the way whenever she tries to.
in the flesh
on
the
in
词 汇七 exit （1）vt. & vi. ［正式］离开，离去，（从……）出 （2）［C］出口，通道；离开
◆教材原句
Cathy，do you mean...entering and exiting countries in seconds and visiting all the
historical sites?凯茜，你的意思是……在几秒钟内进出各国，并参观所有的历史古迹吗？
◆要点必记
exit from/through 从……离开 / 出去
emergency/fire exit 紧急出口 / 消防通道 make a quick exit 迅速离开
◆词语积累
entrance n. 大门（口）；入口（处）
the entrance to ……的入口（to 为介词）
◆归纳拓展
the key to... ……的钥匙；……的关键
the solution to... ……的解决办法
the answer to... ……的答案
◆单句写作
(1)The girl ____________ （从……出去）a side door.
(2) There is ____________ （消防通道） on each floor of the building.
(3) Stephen ________________ （迅速离去） to avoid meeting her.
(4) In case of emergency，passengers are allowed ____________ （从……出去）the windows of the bus.
(5) The statue of the Little Mermaid stands ______________ （在……的入口处） the harbour.
(6) I won’t tell the student ___________ （……的答案）the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.
exited through
a fire exit
made a quick exit
to exit from
at the entrance to
the answer to
词 汇八 historical adj. 历史的，有关历史的
◆要点必记
the historical background to the war这次战争的历史背景
historical documents/records/research史学文献 / 记载 / 研究
◆词语辨析 historical 与 historic
（1）historical 有关历史的，历史学的 a historical novel 一部历史小说
（2）historic 历史上著名的，具有历史意义的
a historic novel 一部有历史意义的小说
◆汉译英
(1)历史名胜 __________________________
◆辨析填空（historic/historical）
(2) May 4，1919 is a _________ day.
(3) I have been doing lots of __________ research.
(4) ［词汇复现］It’s my dream to visit all the __________ sites in the flesh.
places of historical interest
historic
historical
historical
词 汇九 pack （1）vt. 收拾（行李），打包
（2）n. ［C］（商品的）纸包，纸袋；盒
◆教材原句
Just imagine never having to pack a suitcase!想象一下永远不必打包行李了！
◆要点必记1
pack sth. into sth. 把……装进…… pack （sth.） up 打包，收拾行装
pack away 将……收拾起来 be packed with... 挤满了……
pack into the stadium 涌入体育场
◆要点必记２
a pack of 一包；一帮；一群 a pack of cigarettes 一包香烟
a pack of dogs 一群狗 in packs 成群地
◆词语积累
packed adj. 挤满人的；收拾好行李的 package n. 包裹
◆单句语法填空
(1)［2019·全国Ⅲ卷］We were first greeted with the barking by ________ pack of dogs，seven to be exact.
(2) — Just a moment. I haven’t finished ________ （pack） my suitcase.
—Hurry up. It’s high time we left for the airport.
◆单句写作
(3) ［词汇复现］The party was over and the decorations _________________ （被收了起来）.
a
packing
were packed away
(4) One Friday，we ____________ （正在打包） to leave for a weekend away ________ （这时）my daughter heard cries for help.
(5) ［词汇复现］I saw him smoke ____________ （一包）cigarettes a day in the flesh.
were packing
when
a pack of
词 汇十 dip vt. & vi. （1）浸，蘸 （2）（使）下降，（使）下落
◆教材原句
You would see it but you couldn’t dip your toes in the sea or eat the foods you saw.
你能看得到，但是你不能把脚趾浸入大海或吃到你看到的食物。
◆要点必记
dip sth. in/into sth. 把某物在另一物中浸 /蘸一下
dip into 把手伸进（……里取东西）；浏览
dip into one’s pocket 花钱，掏腰包 dip a toe in/into sth. 涉足某事，试做某事
◆学法点拨
dipped；dipped；dipping
◆单句语法填空
(1)She dipped her handkerchief ________ the water and gently began to wipe the dirt from the boy’s face.
◆单句写作
(2) I have only had time to ____________________ （浏览这则报道）.
(3) Lisa was forced to ________________ （掏自己的腰包） to pay for the repair.
in/into
dip into the report
dip into her pocket
重点句式
句 式一 现在分词（短语）作方式或伴随状语
◆教材原句
Cathy，do you mean...entering and exiting countries in seconds and visiting all the historical sites? 凯茜，你的意思是……在几秒钟内进出各国，并参观所有的历史古迹吗？
◆要点归纳
（1）用法：说明动作发生的背景或情况，表示一个陪衬动作，它没有相应的状语
从句可以转换。
（2）与谓语动词的关系：一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示
的动作同时发生。
（3）逻辑主语：它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
◆学法点拨
现在分词（短语）作伴随状语时，常置于句末，可转换成一个并列谓语。
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］He sat on the sofa，__________（focus） his attention on a storybook.
(2) ［词汇复现］She shook her head， __________ （reject） my offer.
(3) ［词汇复现］A waiter was serving a big group，rapidly ___________（rearrange） tables for them.
(4) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock， __________（send）supplies to the earthquake-stricken area.
(5) He was busy writing a story，only __________ （stop） once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
focusing
rejecting
rearranging
sending
stopping
(6) __________ （walk）in the fields on a March afternoon，he could feel
the warmth of spring.
◆句型转换
(7) ［词 汇 复 现］The boys exited through a side door，and laughed merrily.
→ The boys exited through a side door， ________________.
Walking
laughing merrily
句 式二 such + a （ n ）+ adj. + 可数名词单数
◆教材原句
...you would be able to study in such a world-famous university without going out of your room! ……不用走出房间你就能在这样一所世界闻名的大学里学习！
◆句法分析
such a world-famous university 这样一所世界闻名的大学，“such+a（n）+adj. + 可
数名词单数”结构。
◆归纳拓展
（1）such 修饰名词：
such+a（n）+ 形容词 + 可数名词单数
such+ 形容词 + 可数名词复数 such+ 形容词 + 不可数名词
（2）so 修饰形容词或副词：
so+ 形容词 / 副词 so+ 形容词 +a（n）+ 可数名词单数
so many/few+ 可数名词复数 so much/ little（少）+ 不可数名词
◆易混比较
so+ 形容词 +a（n）+ 可数名词单数
=such+a（n）+ 形容词 + 可数名词单数
so lovely a day=such a lovely day如此美好的一天
◆误区警示
（1）so...that... 和 such...that... 句式表示“如此……以至于……”，that 引导结果状语从句。
（2）so/such置于句首，主句需要用部分倒装。
◆辨析填空（so/such）
(1)It’s impossible for _______ few people to finish _______ a lot of work in only two days.
(2) I haven’t seen Ann for _______ long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
(3) I really enjoyed your party—it was _______ much fun.
◆单句写作
(4) 她是一个如此聪明的女孩。（such/so）
so
such
so
so
She is such a clever girl/so clever a girl.
(5) 这是如此重要的一课，以至于我们都把注意力集中在上面。
(6) He ______________________ （赚如此少的钱以至于）he found it hard to provide for his children.
◆句型转换
(7) John was so busy that he didn’t have time for fun.
=John was ______________________ for fun.
=So busy __________ that he didn’t have time for fun.
earned so little money that
It was so important a lesson that we all focused our attention on it.
= It was such an important lesson that we all focused our attention on it.
too busy to have time
was John
单元语法
if 引导的条件状语从句
要 点一 真实条件句和虚拟条件句
◆用法归纳 if 引导的条件状语从句分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。
（1）真实条件句：假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件，用陈述语气。主句是一般将
来时，则从句用一般现在时表示将来。
（2）虚拟条件句：假设的情况根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小，主句和从句
都用虚拟语气。
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］I will likely go to the party if I ___________（invite）.
(2) If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，I ________ （go）for a picnic.
◆判断语气（陈述语气 / 虚拟语气）
(3) Oil floats if you pour it on water.
(4) ［词汇复现］If I were you，I would not reject his suggestion.
am invited
will go
陈述语气
虚拟语气
要 点二 虚拟条件句
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］If I ________ （know） his telephone number，I would get in touch with him.
(2) ［词汇复现］If I ________ （be） you，I would follow her suggestion.
(3) ［词 汇 复 现］If I ___________ （study） hard，my dream would have come true.
(4) ［词汇复现］If I had got there earlier，I ______________ （meet）her in the flesh.
(5) ［词汇复现］If I were a millionaire in the future，I _________________ （contribute）a lot of money to Project Hope.
knew
were
had studied
would have met
would contribute
要 点三 省略 if 的虚拟条件句
◆用法归纳
虚拟条件句中如果有 were，had，should，那 么 if 可 省 略，但 要 把 were，had 或
should 提到句首，变为倒装句式。
Should he agree to go there，we would send him there.
要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。
Were she here，she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
◆同义句转换
(1)［词汇复现］If the country were in economic chaos，what would you do?
→ ____________________ in economic chaos，what would you do?
(2) ［词 汇 复 现］If you had dipped the fruits in chocolate，they would have tasted better.
→ ________ you ________ the fruits in chocolate，they would have tasted better.
(3) ［词汇复现］If it should happen，I would give you good entertainment.
→ ________________ ，I would give you good entertainment.
Were the country
Had
dipped
Should it happen
要 点四 错综时间条件句
◆用法归纳
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，称为错综时间条件句。主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所发生的不同时间选择适当的形式。
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］If people had protected the rainforest better，it ____________________（not disappear） now.
(2) ［词汇复现］You would be much better now if you _____________ my suggestion.
would not disappear
had followed
要 点五 含蓄条件句
◆用法归纳
有时不出现 if 虚拟条件句，而是以介词短语、并列句、副词、非谓语动词的形式
出现。常见的介词（短语）有 without“没有 ……”，but for“ 要 不 是 ……”；连
词有 but“但是”，or“不然”；副词有otherwise“否则的话”等。
◆单句语法填空
(1)［词汇复现］But for the meeting，I _________________ （finish） my project.
(2) He felt very tired yesterday，or he ___________________（attend） the party.
(3) We didn’t know his telephone number，otherwise we _____________________ （telephone） him.
(4) ［词汇复现］I was busy packing at that time. Otherwise，I _______________ （call） you.
would have finished
would have attended
would have telephoned
would have called
(共34张PPT)
Unit 4 Cyberspace
Lesson 2 Websites
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
词汇一 scientific adj. 科学的
◆教材原句
for scientific reasons 出于科学原因
◆要点必记
a scientific worker 一名科学工作者 a scientific discovery 科学发现
a scientific experiment 科学实验 scientific research/studies 科学研究
scientific knowledge 科学知识 scientific methods 科学方法
scientific progress 科学进步 scientific achievements 科学成就
◆单句语法填空
（1） Now researchers are applying （science） methods to the study of the universality of art.
（2）［2012·湖南卷］All the （science）evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］As （一名科学工作者）， he often receives an invitation to give a lecture.
scientific
scientific
a scientific worker
词汇二 project n.（1）课题 （2）工程，项目（3）方案，计划
◆教材原句
get information for a school history project 为一个学校历史课题获取信息
◆要点必记
a project on sth. 关于某方面的课题
a project to do sth. 一项做某事的计划 set up a project 设立项目
carry out a project 实施方案 Project Hope 希望工程
◆单句写作
（1） It remains a question how we can （完成这个项目） in such a short time.
◆单句语法填空
（2）We’re doing a project pollution.
（3）They set up a project （equip）the library with more new computers.
finish the project
on
to equip
词汇三 fancy（1）vt.（非正式）想要做；幻想 （2）n. 喜爱，想要
（3）adj. 别致的，花哨的，昂贵的
◆教材原句
And do you fancy going to the dance on Saturday night? 周六晚上你想去舞会吗？
◆要点必记1
fancy sth. 想要……
fancy doing sth. （= feel like doing sth.）想要做某事
fancy sb. /sb.’s doing sth. 想象某人做某事
fancy oneself （as/to be）... 自认为是……
◆要点必记2
have a fancy for fishing 喜欢钓鱼
catch/take one’s fancy 吸引某人，中某人的意
take a fancy to sb. /sth. 喜欢上某人/ 某物
sell at a fancy price 以昂贵的价格出售
in a fancy style 以别致的样式
◆单句语法填空
（1） —Oh，my goodness! Tom is singing again!
—He always fancies himself a singer.
（2）［词汇复现］Do you fancy （contribute） an essay to our magazine?
（3）My early attempt at learning the piano was a failure although I took fancy to it.
（4）［词汇复现］Do you fancy （help） me decorate the kitchen?
◆单句写作
（5）鲍勃自诩为艺术家。Bob an artist.
（6）［词汇复现］希尔先生非常喜欢这个课题。Mr Hill real this project.
fancies himself as
took a
fancy to
as
contributing
a
helping
词汇四 get in touch（with sb. ）（与某人）取得联系（表示动作）
◆教材原句
Get in touch. 取得联系。
◆要点必记
（ 1）get in/lose touch with sb. 表动作，不 能与时间段连用。
（ 2）be/keep/stay in touch with sb. 表状态， 可与时间段连用。
◆归纳拓展
英语中有一些短语意思相同，但一个表动作，一个表状态。表状态的短语中往往含有连系动词 be 或表示状态的 have。
（与某人）结婚： get married（to sb. ） be married （to sb. ）
习惯于（做）某事： get used to（doing）sth. be used to（doing）sth.
参军 join the army/be in the army 感冒 catch a cold/have a cold
着火 catch fire/be on fire 睡着 fall asleep/be asleep
◆单句写作
（1）［2016· 北京卷］To make it easier_________________ (与……取得联系) us，you’d better keep this card at hand.
（2）He prefers （与……保持联系）his friends by sending e-mails.
（3）We （失去联系） for a couple of years.
（4）I （与……失去联系）my old friend Diana.
to get in touch with
to keep/stay in touch with
have been out of touch
lost touch with
（5）［词汇复现］He fancies （与……取得联系） his old friends.
（6）—Have you joined the computer group?
— I （是）a member of the computer group for two years.
（7）They （结婚） three years ago.
（8）How long you （结婚）?
（9）The young man （ 参军） for two years.
getting in
have been
got married
have
been married
has been in the army
词汇五 hang on （1）（电话用语）别挂电话，等一下（=hold on）
（2）紧紧握住，抓住不放
（3）（在逆境中）坚持，不放弃
◆教材原句 Just hang on a second. 请稍等。
◆要点必记
hang on tight 抓紧 hang on to sth. 抓紧某物；保留
hang on to that rope 抓紧那根绳子 hang on for victory 为了胜利坚持不懈
◆归纳拓展
hang about/around 闲荡；等待 hang up 挂断电话
hang up on sb. 突然挂断某人的电话
◆易错提醒
悬挂→ hung，hung （被）绞死→ hanged，hanged
◆写出hang on 在句中的意思
（1） Hang on! I’ll call him. _____________
（2）Hang on tight. The bus is about to start. _____________
（3）［词汇复现］Try to hang on and I’m sure your dream will come true.
别挂电话
抓紧
坚持
◆单句语法填空
（4）I’m afraid the line is busy. Would you like to hang ?
（5）You hang here in case he comes，and I’ll go on ahead.
（6）Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but he hung before I could answer the phone.
（7）After I hung I remembered what I’d wanted to say.
on
around
up
up
词汇六 reject vt. （1）拒绝，不接受 （2）丢弃，抛开
◆教材原句
Reject suggestions拒绝建议
Well，I can’t. I’ve got a music lesson. 噢，不行，我有一节音乐课。
◆要点必记
reject one’s idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/ 建议/ 计划
reject an argument/a decision/an offer 拒绝接受一个论点/ 一个决定/ 一项提议
◆词语积累
rejection n. 拒绝 a rejection letter 一封回绝信
◆词语辨析：reject 与refuse
（1）reject vt. 正式用词，“摒弃，不采用， 不使用”。
（2）refuse vi. & vt. 普通用词，“拒绝”。
refuse sb./sth. 拒绝某人/ 某事
refuse sb. sth. 拒绝某人某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
◆单句写作
（1） ［词汇复现］I was ready to help her，but she ________________________ （不接受我有关帮助的提议）.
◆单句语法填空
（2）Although writing a （reject） letter can be difficult，there are situations when it’s absolutely necessary.
（3）He （reject） by the army because of his poor eyesight last year.
（4）［词汇复现］When she was sent to boarding school，she felt as if her parents _____ （reject） her.
◆辨析填空（reject/refuse）
（5）［词汇复现］I’ve been by all the universities I applied to.
（6）［词汇复现］I absolutely to take part in anything that’s illegal.
rejected my offer of help
rejection
was rejected
had rejected
rejected
refuse
词汇七 suggestion n. 建议，提议
◆要点必记
make/offer/give a suggestion 提出建议
put forward a suggestion 提出建议
ask for one’s suggestion 征求某人的建议
reject/adopt/accept one’s suggestion 拒绝/ 采纳/ 接受某人的建议
at/on one’s suggestion 根据某人的建议
◆词语积累
suggest vt. 建议，提议；暗示，表明
suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议/ 建议某事suggest doing sth. 提议/ 建议做某事
suggest that sb. （should） do sth. 建议某人做某事
◆学法点拨
（1）suggest 和suggestion 表示“建议，提议” 时，其后的名词性从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语的形式为“should + 动词原形”， should 可以省略。
（2）但当suggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，后接从句不使用虚拟语气。
◆单句写作
（1）［2016·天津卷］The manager （提出建议）that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
（2）［词汇复现］Mary （拒绝了他的建议） that they
_____________________（与……保持联系） each other after the break-up.
put forward a suggestion
keep/ stay in touch with
rejected his suggestion
◆单句语法填空
（3）When we plan our vacation，our mother often offers practical （suggest）.
（4）The committee rejected the suggestion that houses （build） on this site.
（5）Tracey suggested （meet） for a drink after work.
（6）His pale face suggested he （be） ill and （take） to hospital at once.
（7）The evidence suggests that single fathers （be） more likely to work than single mothers.
suggestions
should be built
meeting
was
（should） be taken
are
词汇八 arrangement n. （1）［C］安排，筹备；准备（通常用其复数形式）
（2）［C，U］议定之事，协定（=agreement）
◆教材原句
Make an arrangement Let’s meet at 6：30， outside the cinema. 作安排 咱们6：30 在电影院外见面吧。
◆要点必记
arrive at/come to an arrangement 谈妥，达成协议
make arrangements/an arrangement for 为……做好安排
arrange for sth. 安排某事
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
◆词语积累 v. + -ment → n.
arrange v. → arrangement n. 安排
entertain v. → entertainment n. 娱乐
advertise v. → advertisement n. 广告
◆单句语法填空
（1） There are special （arrange）for people working overseas.
（2）I’ll make arrangements you to be met at the airport.
（3）Parents arrange everything their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
arrangements
for
for
◆单句写作
（4）We can （达成协议） over the price.
（5）We are busy （为……安排） the festival.
（6）Have you （ 安排去见）Mark this weekend?
（7）The company will （安排） a taxi to meet you at the airport.
（8）Dave （安排）someone to drive him home.
come to/arrive at an arrangement
making arrangements for
arranged to meet
arrange for
arranged for
词汇九 pay attention to 注意
◆教材原句 Pay attention to the stressed words. 注意重读的单词。
◆要点必记
（ 1）pay attention to 中的 to 是介词，后跟 名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
（ 2）attention 前 可 用 little，no，much， more 等修饰。
◆归纳拓展
（1）含有介词to 的常用动词短语：
look forward to 盼望 lead to 导致
refer to 提到，涉及 be used to 习惯于
（2）含attention 的常用动词短语：
attract/catch/get one’s attention 引起某人的注意
hold/keep one’s attention 保持某人的注意力
focus one’s attention on =draw/call one’s attention to 使某人关注……
direct/turn one’s attention to 将注意力转向……
◆单句语法填空
（1） When you get the paper back，pay special attention what has been marked.
（2）Social attention should be paid to （prevent）our earth from being polluted.
（3）［词汇复现］The exhibition of French sculpture in the gallery we look forward to __________（hold） at last.
to
preventing
was held
◆单句写作
（4）This application form written in proper English （吸引了他们的注意力）.
（5）［词汇复现］It’s my teacher’s suggestion that I _________________________ （应该注意） my pronunciation.
（6）［词汇复现］This scientist （ 将注意力转向……） a scientific report，which deals with the problem of global warming.
（7）The famous basketball star，who tried to make a comeback _________________________ （吸引了很多人的注意）.
attracted their attention
should pay attention to
turns his attention to
attracted a lot of attention
重点句式
句式一 be up to sth. （1）（口语）正在做，从事于（尤指坏事）
（2）（数量）多达
（3）是……的职责/ 责任；由……决定
（4）（体力或智力上）能胜任（通常用于疑问句
或否定句中）
◆教材原句
What are you up to this weekend，John? 约翰，这个周末你计划做什么？
◆要点必记
What’s sb. up to? 某人在忙什么？（一般指做不好的事）
It’s up to sb. to do sth. 做某事是某人的义务。
It’s up to sb. whether... 是否……由某人决定。It’s up to you. （交际用语）你说了算。
be up to 30，000 多达30 000 be up to the job 能胜任这项工作
◆归纳拓展
up to now 直到现在（常与现在完成时连用）
up to date 最新的；时髦的
◆写出句中up to 的含义
（1） —What shall we do tonight then?
—It’s up to you—whatever you want. ____________
（2）I’m afraid I’m not up to the job. ____________
（3）The cost of the travel was up to ＄500. ___________
（4）What are you up to this Sunday? ____________
由……决定
能胜任
多达
做，从事于
◆单句写作
（5） （由我们决定）to change things we don’t like.
（6）［词汇复现］It’s obvious that he _______________ .
（7）Up to now，the program （挽救） thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
is not up to the job (无法胜任这项工作).
has saved
It’s up to us
(共85张PPT)
UNIT 4 Cyberspace
Warm-up & Lesson 1
Tomorrow’s World
◆阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1.In the text，the writer tells us .
all people are optimistic about the future of the Internet
B. there is no worry about the future of the Internet
C. we can do many things through the Internet without going outside
D. we can live in virtual reality completely
○
课文预习自测
2. Which of the following is NOT what some experts are worried about?
They are worried about crime in cyberspace. B. Young hackers can get into the computers of banks and governments.
Terrorists may make planes crash. D. People may damage the world’s computers.
3. The second paragraph mainly tells us .
A. the growth of the Internet B. now many computers are connected to the Internet
C. there will be more and more computers in the future D. computers can grow bigger and bigger
○
○
4. Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. With the development of computers，our lives may change in shopping and communicating ways.
B. The text tells us that worry is not necessary because computers and the Internet only do good to us.
C. Some experts say in the future we will get entertain-ment from the Net.
D. The text tells us we can do many things but needn’t go to the place in the flesh.
○
5. We can infer from the text that .
A. terrorists may use the Internet to make planes and trains crash in the future
B. the Internet plays a very important part in our lives
C. TV has been replaced by computers
D. all the people are glad about the future of the Internet
○
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
The Future of Cyberspace
In the last thirty years，the Internet 1 （grow） rapidly，and this growth is clearly going to continue.
Some experts are pessimistic 2 the future. One worry is crime in cyberspace. In the future，3__________ （ terrorist） may “attack” the world’s computers，cause chaos，and make planes and trains crash.
However，many people are 4 （optimist） about the future of the Internet. Already，users can buy books， find out about holiday offers and so on. Angela Rossetto believes 5__________is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. She also believes that，in the future，we will get entertainment from the Net and 6__________ television will probably 7 （ appear）. The mail service may also vanish（消失） with the 8________ （increase） use of e-mail.
Some experts see our future in virtual 9 （ real）—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. Peter Anderson says that 10_________（personal），he thinks virtual reality will become a part of modern life and he sees people living and working in a virtual world.
has grown
about
terrorists
optimistic
it
that
disappear
increasing
reality
personally
词汇一 likely （1）adj. 有可能的
（2）adv. 可能（可与 most，very 连用）
◆教材原句
In a book with lots of pictures and charts， I am likely to focus mainly on the written text. 在一本带有大量图画和表格的书里，我很可能主要注意书面文字。
◆要点必记
be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
It’s more likely that... 更可能……
Not likely! 决不可能！才不呢！（表示坚决不同意）
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
◆句式比较
It is likely/possible/probable that...（√） It is possible（for sb.）to do sth. （√）
Sb. /Sth. is likely to do sth. （√） Sb. /Sth. is possible/probable to do sth. （×）
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2016·全国Ⅱ卷］If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you’ll be less likely （bring） your work home.
（2）［词汇复现］It is likely virtual reality will become a part of modern life in the near future.
to bring
that
◆辨析填空（likely/possible/probable）
（3）It is highly that he will take over his father’s business.
（4）He is to make rapid progress in English because he is studying hard.
（5）It is for you to grow this flower even in winter.
（6）［2015·四川卷］Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very
__________ to be a Beethoven.
likely/possible
likely
possible
likely
词汇二 focus （1）vi. & vt. 集中注意
（2）n. 焦点，中心点
◆要点必记
focus on/upon... 集中（注意力、精力等）于
focus one’s attention/mind on... 集中注意力/ 心思于……
come into focus 成为焦点
bring sth. into focus 使某事成为焦点
in focus/out of focus （相机等）焦点对准/ 没有对准
◆归纳拓展
“全神贯注于/ 专心于”的表达法：
be absorbed in 全神贯注于；热衷于
be lost in 沉浸于；为……所吸引
be buried in 埋头于；专心于
be occupied in/with 忙于
be devoted to 专心于；致力于
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2016·全国 Ⅱ 卷］Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
（2）He sat in the armchair，with all his attention （focus）on the World Cup match.
on/upon
focused
◆单句写作
（3）However amusing the book is，I have to put it away and
（把我的注意力集中在） study this week.
（4）This new fact three big questions （使……成为焦点）.
（5）［词汇复现］The chart has （成为焦点） at the meeting.
（6）［词汇复现］It is very likely that the camera is （焦点没有对准）.
（7）John （沉浸于） the science fiction all day yesterday.
focus my attention on
brought
into focus
come into focus
out of focus
was lost/buried/absorbed in
词汇三 come true （愿望、梦想等）实现
◆教材原句
Which of the predictions in them have already come true? 它们中的哪些预言已经实现了？
◆词语辨析：come true 与 realize
come true （1）梦想+come true（√）（2）come true + 梦想（×）（3）不用于被动语态（√）
realise （1）realise + 梦想（√） （2）梦想+ be realised（√）
◆一言助记
Through my efforts，I can realise my dream sooner or later. That is，my dream will come true in the end. 通过我的努力，我迟早能实现我的梦想。也就是说，我的梦想最终会实现。
◆单句写作
（1） You can make that dream （实现）.
（2）［2013·安徽卷］Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，which made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams （实现）.
◆用come true/realise 的适当形式填空
（3）Danny has worked hard for long to his dream and now he is popular.
（4）I hoped I could go to Shanghai someday when I was a little child，and now my dream has .
come true
come true
realise
come true/been realised
词汇四 harm vt. & n. 伤害，损害
◆教材原句
someone who does terrible things to harm countries，governments and people 做坏事来危害国家、政府和人民的人
◆要点必记
do harm to = be harmful to 对……有害
mean no harm 无恶意
come to no harm 未受到伤害/ 损害
do no/great/much/a lot of harm to 对…… 无害/ 有很大害处
There is no harm in （sb.’s） doing sth. （某人）做某事无妨/ 无害。
◆词语积累
harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
◆词语辨析：injure，hurt，wound 与 harm
（1）injure 在事故或打斗中受伤
（2）hurt 肉体伤害或感情伤害
（3）wound 用刀、枪等武器伤害
（ 4）harm 伤害人的健康、权利、事业或 动物、环境等
◆单句写作
（1） As we all know，eating too much sugar can （对……有害） children’s teeth.
（2）Don’t worry. We’ll see that the children （未受到伤害）.
（3）He likes to play jokes on others，but he （无恶意）.
◆单句语法填空
（4）［词汇复现］Please depend on it that I won’t do any harm you.
（5）It’s said that too much sunshine is （harm）to one’s skin.
do harm to/be harmful to
come to no harm
means no harm
to
harmful
◆辨析填空（injure/hurt/wound/harm）
（6）He ignored her on purpose，which her feelings.
（7）Reading in the sun will your eyes.
（8）Five people were killed and many others were seriously in the attack.
（9）Luckily she was not badly in the accident and we took her to the nearest hospital.
hurt
harm
wounded
injured
词汇五 affect vt.
（1）影响
（2）激起悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪（一般用于 被动语态）
（3）（指疾病）侵袭；使感染
◆教材原句
Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives. 彼得·泰勒发现计算机和互联网将如何影响我们的生活。
◆要点必记
affect our lives 影响我们的生活
the areas affected by the hurricane 受飓风影响的地区
◆词语积累
effect n. 影响，效果，作用 effective adj. 有效的，生效的
greenhouse effect 温室效应 have a great effect on 对……有重大影响
in effect 在实施中，有效 side effects 副作用
take effect 生效，起作用
◆词语辨析：aect，eect 与inuence
三者都表示“影响”。
（1）affect vt. 某物对某人或另一物产生不良影响
（ 2）effect n. 某种行为产生某种特殊的后果
（ 3）influence n. & vt. 劝说、行为、事例等 对其他人的行为、性格、观点等产生潜移默化的影响
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Babies’ health is much more likely （affect）if either parent smokes.
（2）One of the worst tornados（龙卷风）of all time happened in 1925， _________（affect）three US states.
（3）With the government’s aid（援助），those （affect） by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
to be affected
affecting
affected
（4） （affect）by the rise of house prices，people in big cities live under great pressure.
（5）What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people （affect） by conflict?
（6）Too much smoking and drinking affected him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an effect his health.
Affected
affected
on have an effect on
◆辨析填空（affect/effect/influence）
（7）Alcohol can your attention and it also has a bad on your liver.
（8）The change in climate may your health.
（9）We became the best friends and he me deeply.
（10）［2013·福建卷］The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were .
affect
effect
affect
influenced
affected
词汇六 in the last few years 在过去30 年里
◆教材原句
In the last thirty years，the Internet has grown rapidly. 近30 年来，互联网以惊人的速度发展着。
◆要点必记
in the last thirty years 在过去30 年里。时间状语“in/for/during the last+ 时间段”通常与现在完成时连用。
◆归纳拓展
常和现在完成时连用的单词和短语还有 lately，recently，in/over the last/ past+ 时间段，since then，up to now，so far 等。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2019·江苏卷］The musician along with his band members
（ give） ten performances in the last three months.
（2）My brother is an actor. He （appear） in several films so far.
（3）［2015·北京卷］In the last few years，China （make） great achievements in environmental protection.
（4）［2011·江苏卷］Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets （cause） heated debate among citizens.
（5）Since then they （focus）on their handwriting.
（6）Up to now，the program （save）thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
has given
has appeared
has made
has caused
have focused
has saved
词汇七 growth n. （1）增多，增长（+in /of）
（2）生长，成长
◆教材原句 ...this growth is clearly going to continue. ……增长还在明显地继续着。
◆要点必记 healthy growth 健康成长
the rapid growth of world population 世界人口的迅速增长
◆词语积累 grow vi. 生长；增加 vt. 种植 grow up 长大
◆归纳拓展 v. /adj. +-th → n.
grow v. 生长→ growth n. 生长 long adj. 长的→ length n. 长度
wide adj. 宽的→ width n. 宽度 deep adj. 深的→ depth n. 深度
true adj. 正确的→ truth n. 真理
◆单句写作
（1） A balanced diet is necessary for （健康成长）.
◆单句语法填空
（2）［2014·福建卷］Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for （grow）.
（3）All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor，her nervousness __________（grow）.
healthy growth
growth
grew
（4）The population of the city （grow）to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.
（5）For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit （grow） on his own farm.
（6）The biggest whale is the blue whale，which （grow） to be about 29 meters long—the height of a 9-storey building.
has grown
grown
grows
词汇八 get into
（1）进入；参与，开始（某事）；对……产生兴趣，开始喜欢
（2）养成（习惯），习惯于
（3）陷入（麻烦、困难等），处于，达到
◆教材原句
Even now，young hackers can get into the computers of banks and governments.
现在，年轻的黑客们甚至已经可以进入银行及政府的计算机系统。
◆要点必记
get into the national team 进入国家队 get into jazz 对爵士乐产生兴趣
get into the habit of... 养成……的习惯 get into trouble 惹麻烦 get into debt 负债
◆归纳拓展
get around 传播；流传；四处走动
get away（from...）（从……）离开；逃离
get hold of 找到，得到；抓住
get down to（doing） sth. 开始做某事，开始认真对待某事
get on/along（with sth.） （工作等）进展，进步
◆写出下列句中get into 的含义
（1）［词汇复现］He is likely to get into the national team.
（2）［词汇复现］I first got into jazz when I was a teenager. __________________________
（3）［词汇复现］This child has got into the habit of depending on others. ___________
（4）［词汇复现］Don’t get into a fight with him—that will do more harm than good.
_________________
（5）［词汇复现］The adult got into conversation with an Italian student.
_______________
进入
对……产生兴趣，开始喜欢
养成
陷入（麻烦、困难等
开始（交谈）
◆单句写作
（6）［2012· 江西卷］I’ve （养成……的习惯）calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.
（7）Hardly could he （完成）this amount of work in such a short time.
（8）［词汇复现］I’m going to （开始认真研究） this chart.
（9）［词汇复现］News soon （传开） that the exhibition at the gallery was a great success.
got into the habit of
get through
get down to studying
got around
词汇九 attack
（1）v. 进攻，攻击；抨击；（病、虫或化学物）侵袭
（2）n. ［C，U］进攻，攻击；抨击；（疾病的）发作
◆教材原句
In the future，terrorists may“attack”the world’s computers，cause chaos，and make planes and trains crash.
将来，恐怖分子可能会“攻击”全世界的计算机，制造混乱， 引发飞机和火车事故。
◆要点必记1
attack the enemy 攻击敌人 get attacked 受到攻击
an article attacking the football team 一篇抨击该足球队的文章
a disease that attacks the brain 侵袭大脑的疾病
◆要点必记2
make an attack on 向……进行攻击
be/come under attack 受到攻击/ 抨击
have/suffer a heart attack 心脏病发作
◆一言助记
If you are under attack，will you make an attack on those who attack you? 如果你受到袭击，你会向袭击你的人发起攻击吗？
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2012· 福建卷］China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _______________ （attack） in the South China Sea.
（2）［词汇复现］The hackers may focus on （attack） the computer systems.
（3）He received a secret commission（任务）to make an attack _____ enemy forces.
being attacked
attacking
on
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］ （被攻击后）by the terrorists，the tall building was （一片混乱）.
（5）The school has （受到非难） for failing to encourage bright pupils.
（6）［词汇复现］The bride had （严重流感） before the wedding ceremony.
Having been attacked/After being attacked
in chaos
come under attack
a bad attack of flu
词汇十 chaos n. 混乱，无秩序
◆要点必记
economic/political/domestic chaos 经济/ 政治/ 国内的混乱
chaos theory 混沌理论
cause total chaos 导致一片混乱
in chaos 处于混乱状态
◆单句写作
（1） Heavy snow has on the roads.（大雪导致道路上交通一片混乱。）
（2）The house was after the party.（聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。）
caused total chaos
in chaos
词汇十一 crash
（1）v. （车）撞毁；（飞机）坠毁；（计算机）崩溃；〔很响地〕猛撞，猛击
（2）n. 碰撞，撞击；碰撞声
◆要点必记
crash（...）into/onto... 撞上…… crash a car/bus/plane 撞汽车/ 公共汽车/ 飞机
a car crash 汽车撞车事故 a plane crash 飞机失事
crash landing 紧急迫降，摔机着陆 stock market crash 股市崩盘
the recent financial crash 最近的金融危机
◆写出下列句中crash 的词性和含义
（1）［词汇复现］Viruses tend to survive when a computer system crashes.
________________
（2）［词汇复现］The street was in chaos after the car crash.
________________
（3）The tree fell with a great crash.
________________
（4）We watched the waves crashing against the rocks.
____________________
动词 崩溃
名词 撞车事故
名词 碰撞声
动词 猛撞，猛击
词汇十二 pessimistic adj. 悲观的
optimistic adj. 乐观的 互为反义
◆教材原句
Some experts are pessimistic about the future...However，many people are optimistic about the future of the Internet. 有些专家对未来感到悲观……然而，很多人对互联网的未来持乐观态度。
◆要点必记
be pessimistic about... 对……悲观
be optimistic about/that... 对……乐观
◆词语积累
optimist n. 乐观主义者
pessimist n. 悲观主义者
optimism n. 乐观主义
pessimism n. 悲观主义
optimistically adv. 乐观地
pessimistically adv. 悲观地
◆单句语法填空
（1） I think you’re far too _____________（pessimism）.
（2）The President says he is optimistic an agreement can be worked out soon.
◆单句写作
（3）There is no reason to （对……悲观） the future.
（4）［词汇复现］It’s said that a person with a good lifestyle is more likely to ___________ ______________（对……乐观） his future.
（5）If you （有一个乐观的态度），you will always feel happy!
pessimistic
that
be pessimistic about
be optimistic about
have an optimistic attitude
词汇十三 offer （1）n. 优惠；提议，提供
（2）v. 提出，提议；提供；愿意（做某事）
◆教材原句
Already，users can buy books，find out about holiday offers...（现在，）人们已经可以购书、查找假期特惠信息……
◆要点必记1
on offer 可买到的，供使用的，提供的 accept/take up an offer 接受提议
turn down/refuse an offer 拒绝提议 get/receive an offer 获得机会
one’s offer to do sth. 某人做某事的提议
◆要点必记2
offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
offer to do sth. 愿意/ 主动提出做某事
offer help/advice 提供帮助/ 提出建议
◆归纳拓展
“提供给某人某物”的表达：
supply sb. with sth. supply sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.
◆单句写作
（1） After thinking about it，I’ve decided to （接受你的提议）.
（2）We all learned to （主动让座给） the old on the bus.
◆单句语法填空
（3）［2013·浙江卷］A good listener takes part in the conversation， （offer）ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
（4）［2013·湖南卷］You cannot accept an opinion （offer）to you unless it is based on facts.
（5） （offer） an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
accept your offer
offer our seats to
offering
offered
Offered
词汇十四 entertainment n.［ C，U］娱乐节目，娱乐活动； ［U］招待，款待
◆教材原句
She also believes that，in the future，we will get entertainment from the Net... 她还确信，我们将来可以在网上进行娱乐活动……
◆要点必记
much to the entertainment of sb. 令某人非常开心的是 live entertainment 现场表演
◆词语积累
entertain v. 娱乐，招待 entertain sb. with... 用……使某人快乐
entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待/ 款待某人 entertaining adj. 使人愉快的；有趣的
entertainer n. 表演者，艺人
◆单句语法填空
（1） It was said that the early European playing-cards were designed for___________ （entertain）and education.
（2）She entertained the children stories，songs and dramas.
（3）Not only did they bring snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for ______________ （entertain） when they had a picnic in the forest.
（4）Children’s TV nowadays is much more ______________（entertain）.
（5）［词汇复现］With the development of technology，it’s easy to get ___________ （entertain）from the Net nowadays.
（6）Kevin entertained us dinner last Sunday.
entertainment
with
entertainment
entertaining
entertainment
to
词汇十五 disappear vi. （1）不复存在，灭绝，消亡；
（2）消失；（3）失踪，丢失
◆教材原句
She also believes...that television will probably disappear. 她还确信……电视将很可能不复存在。
◆要点必记
disappear into 消失在……中
disappear from... 从……中消失
disappear in the distance 消失在远方
disappear with the development of AI 随着人工智能的发展而消失
◆词语积累
appear vi. 出现
appearance n. 出现；外貌
disappear vi. 消失
disappearance n. 消失
◆归纳拓展
常见的以否定前缀dis- 开头的派生词：
dislike 不喜欢 disagree 不同意
discomfort 不舒服 discourage 使泄气
◆英汉互译
（1） disappear in the war
（2）disappear from a hotel in London
（3）躲到云后面
（4）从视线中消失
在战争中失踪
从伦敦的一家旅馆失踪
disappear behind a cloud
disappear from view/sight
◆单句语法填空
（5）I watched him until he （appear）from sight in the distance.
（6）Nobody knows the reason for his （disappear）.
（7）Suddenly，a tall man driving a golden carriage seized the girl and took her away， _____________（disappear） into the woods.
（8）It is clear that many fishes （disappear）because of the severe pollution.
disappeared
disappearance
disappearing
are disappearing
重点句式
句式一 过去分词（短语）作后置定语
◆教材原句
In 1983，there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet...this growth is clearly going to continue.
1983 年，只有 200 台计算机连接到互联网上……增长还在明显地继续着。
◆句式分析
connected to the Internet 作后置定语，相当于定语从句that were connected to the Internet。computers 与connect 是被动关系，故connect 用过去分词形式。
◆要点必记
过去分词作定语，分为前置和后置两种情况：
（ 1）前置定语：单个的过去分词作定语， 通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动和完成，此时过去分词具有形容词的特点，侧重永久性的状态或特点。 the fallen leaves 落叶
the newly planted flower 新栽的花
（ 2）后置定语：过去分词短语作定语时， 通常放在被修饰的名词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
paintings painted by women
= paintings that are painted by women 许多女画家的画作
◆单句语法填空
（１）［2019·天津卷］ Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially_________ （design） to help them succeed academically and personally.
（２）［2016·浙江卷］To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study ____________（conduct） in Australia in 2012.
（3）［2017·北京卷］Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time （spend）with his students.
designed
conducted
spent
（4）“Things （lose） never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.
（5）Tsinghua University， （found）in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
（6）The players （select）from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
（７）We finished the run in less than half the time________ （allow）.
（８）I’m calling to enquire about the position （advertise）in yesterday’s China Daily.
lost
founded
selected
allowed
advertised
◆单句写作
（９）Can those （坐在…… 后面） the classroom hear me?
（10）It is one of the funniest things （ 在网络上发现的） so far this year.
（11）The trees （在暴风雨中刮倒的） have been moved off the road.
seated at the back of
found on the Internet
blown down in the storm
句式二 it 作形式主语
◆教材原句
...it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. ……显然，我们会看到网上购物迅猛发展。
◆句法分析
it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。常用于此句型的形容词有clear，true，obvious，possible，strange， likely，certain，fortunate，surprising， important，necessary 等。
◆归纳拓展
it 代替that 引导的主语从句作形式主语
的其他常见句型：
（ 1）It+be +名词（a fact，a pity，a wonder，a shame，an honour，a question 等） +that...
（ 2）It+be + 过 去 分 词（said，known，an-nounced，believed，reported，suggested， advised，required 等）+that...
◆单句语法填空
（1） The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
（2）［2016·江苏卷］It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
（3）It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.
it
that
that
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］很明显他对公司的未来是很乐观的。
he is optimistic about the company’s future.
（5）［词汇复现］盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。
the thieves don’t know how much it is worth.
（6）据报道，洪水已使大约2 000 人无家可归。
the floods have left about two thousand people homeless.
It is clear that
It’s more than likely that
It is reported that
句式三 make+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语
◆教材原句
...the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.……
运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果使你感觉好像生活在现实中一样。
◆要点必记
make 后接复合结构，其形式如下：
make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/ 某物…… make sb. /sth. +n. 使某人/ 某物成为……
make sb. /sth. +do sth. 使某人/ 某物做某事（被动语态中 do 前加 to）
make oneself+ 过去分词 使自己被别
◆误区警示
“make+ 宾语 +n. ”结构中，如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，则名词前不加冠词。如：make him monitor 让他当班长。
◆学法点拨
歌诀记忆后跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）：
一感（feel）；二听（hear，listen to）； 三让（let，have，make）；
四看（see，watch，look at，observe）； 半帮助（help 可加to 也可不加）；
若是宾补变主补，to 要请回府。
◆单句语法填空
（1） He raised his voice to make himself （hear）.
（2）He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them __________ （interest） in his lectures.
（3）Paul doesn’t have to be made （learn）. He always works hard.
（4）［2012· 四川卷］New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
（5）Computers and mobile phones，though they are indeed making our life_________ （easy）and more efficient，have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
heard
interested
to learn
it
easier
◆单句写作
（6）No matter where he is，he to go for a walk before breakfast. （无论在哪里，他养成了早饭前散步的习惯。）
（7）［词汇复现］The development of science and technology the future. （科技的发展让他对未来很乐观。）
（8）［词汇复现］He found it difficult himself in chaos. ［他发现在混乱中很难让别人听到自己（的声音）。］
（9）［词汇复现］You can .（你可以实现那个梦想。）
makes it a rule
makes him optimistic about
to make
heard
make that dream come true
句式四 as if（=as though）好像，仿佛
◆要点必记
as if 在look，seem，feel 等连系动词后引导表语从句，还可引导方式状语从句。
◆归纳拓展
（ 1）as if 引导的从句常用虚拟语气表示 所述的情况与事实不符。
（ 2）as if 引导的从句有时也可以用陈述 语气，表示说话者认为从句所述的情况是事实。
He looked as if he was about to burst into tears. 他看上去好像要哭起来了。
（3）as if 引导的从句有时可用省略形式。结构：as if+ 分词/ 不定式/ 形容词/ 介词短语等。
She stood at the door as if waiting for someone. 她站在门口，好像在等人。
◆词语积累
even if=even though 即使，虽然
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2014·重庆卷］It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _____________ （do）it?
（2）［2012·北京卷］Don’t handle the vase as if it （be） made of steel.
（3）He was shaking with fright as if _________________（see） a ghost.
（4）I felt as if my heart （burst） with joy.
◆单句写作
（5） _______________（看起来好像）the suit was made to his own measure.
（6）He talks about Rome as if he _________（ 去过）there before.
had done
were
had seen
would burst
It seemed as if
had been
◆辨析填空（as if/even if）
（7）She treats him he were a stranger.
（8） an event is organised carefully，things can go wrong.
（9）Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice， they had heard nothing.
（10）［2016·北京卷］My grandfather still plays tennis now and then， __________________ he’s in his nineties.
as if
Even if
as if
even if / though
句式五 see sb. doing 看到某人正在做
◆教材原句
I see people living and working in a virtual world.
我看到人们正在虚拟世界里生活、工作。
◆要点必记
see 的复合结构：
see sb. do（看到动作全过程或动作经常发生）
see sb. doing（看到动作正在进行）
see sb. done（看到某人被……，表示动作完成或状态）
单句语法填空
（1） I looked up and saw a beautiful bird （fly） in the sky.
（2）［2014·四川卷］The manager was satisfied to see many new products ___________ （develop）after great effort.
（3）The suspect was seen （enter） the building at that moment.
（4）［词汇复现］I saw the old man （disappear） in the distance.
（5）The old man was seen （disappear） in the distance.
（6）The children saw the thief （take） away by a group of policemen.
flying
developed
entering
disappear
to disappear
taken
单元语法
一般将来时的形式
要点一 will/shall do 表将来
◆用法归纳
表示将来会发生的动作或状态，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如this evening，tomorrow，next Monday/week/ month，at the end of this term，in a few minutes 等。
◆学法点拨
（ 1）对未来的推测：常用于 think，know， believe，suppose，expect，hope 等词语后的宾语从句中。
（2）说话时临时想到的事情。
（3）will 用于各种人称，而shall 在通常情况下用于第一人称。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］There （be） a wedding reception at 11：30.
（2）A cook （be） immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
（3）［词汇复现］I believe your dream （come） true.
（4）［词汇复现］—Ann’s car crashed into the tree and she is in hospital now.
—Oh，really? I ___________（go） and visit her.
will be
will be
will come
will/shall go
要点二 be going to do 表将来
◆用法归纳
（1）事先考虑过的意图或打算；
（ 2）根据某些已有的迹象或客观情况预 测大概会发生的情况。
◆词语辨析：shall/will 与be going to
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］看起来像要下雨了。It looks as if it .
（2）［词汇复现］小心！这只狗要攻击你了。
Watch out! The dog you.
◆单句语法填空
（3）It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready_______ （be） of great help.
（4）I （go）the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything to buy?
is going to rain
is going to attack
will be
am going to
要点三 be to do 表将来
◆用法归纳
（1）表示计划或约定；
（ 2）表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、义 务或命令；
（3）表示注定要发生的事情。
◆学法点拨
be to do 常见于各种媒体的表述中，用来宣布官方计划和决定。
单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］我将在剧院的入口处和她见面。
I her at the entrance to the theatre.
（2）［词汇复现］星期六晚上将有一场庆祝会。
There a celebration party on Saturday evening.
（3）［词汇复现］我们必须全心全意为人民服务。
We the people wholeheartedly.
（4）她的计划注定是要失败的。
Her plan a failure.
am to meet
is to be
are to serve
is to be
要点四 be about to do 表将来
◆用法归纳
表示“就要做，正要做”，不与表示将来的时间状语连用，可与when 连用构成be about to do...when... 句式，意为“ 正要做……，这时……”，相当于be on the point of doing...when...。它们常被看成一个固定句式。when 意为“这时，正在这时”。
◆误区警示
be about to do 不能与表示具体将来含义的时间状语连用。
◆单句写作
（1） 大家请坐。电影要开演了。Please sit down，everyone. The film .
（2）［词汇复现］汽车就要撞到墙上了，这时，司机设法让它停了下来。
The car ________________________________ the driver manages to stop it.
◆判断正误
（3）The programme is about to begin in ten minutes. （ ）
（4）The programme is about to begin. （ ）
（5）The programme is going to begin in ten minutes. （ ）
is about to start
is about to crash into the wall when
×
√
√
要点五 现在进行时表将来
◆用法归纳
（1）位移动词的进行时表将来
现在进行时表将来主要表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。这种用法比较生动，给人一种期待感。此时所使用的动词多是表示位置移动的动词（词组），如come， go off，leave，arrive，fly，start，travel， walk，ride，drive，take off 等。
（2）非位移动词的进行时表将来
除使用表示位置移动的动词（词组）外， 还可使用某些非位移动词，如do，buy， meet，play，publish 等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
◆单句语法填空
（1） When you （go） off for your holiday?
（2）She （leave） for Singapore tonight.
（3）His plane （take） off at 9：20.
（4）“The moment （come）soon，”he thought to himself， waiting nervously.
◆单句写作
（5）Jack （要去见）his girlfriend this afternoon.
（6）I （计划出版）a book this year.
are
going
is leaving
is taking
is coming
is meeting
am publishing
要点六 一般现在时表将来
◆用法归纳
（1）表示按计划或时刻表将要发生的事情。
常用来表示既定时间，如生日、日历、课程安排、交通时刻表等。常用的这类动词有begin，come，go，leave，start，arrive， return 等。
（2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中， 常用一般现在时表将来。
◆单句语法填空
（1） The plane （take） off at 9：00.
（2）The new term （begin） on September 1st.
（3）［词汇复现］If he （focus） more on his study，he will make greater progress.
（4）If it （be） fine tomorrow，we’ll visit the Great Wall.
（5）I’ll write to you as soon as I （get） there.
takes
begins
focuses
is
get
◆单句语法填空
（1） Now researchers are applying （science） methods to the study of the universality of art.
（2）［2012·湖南卷］All the （science）evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］As （一名科学工作者）， he often receives an invitation to give a lecture.
scientific
scientific
a scientific worker
(共17张PPT)
Unit 4 Cyberspace
Communication Workshop，Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
词 汇一 officially adv. 正式地；官方地；公开地
◆教材原句 officially created a city 正式创建一个城市
◆词语积累
official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 官员，要员
official languages 官方语言 make an official visit 进行正式访问
a government official 政府官员 an official letter 一封正式信函
an official announcement/statement官方公告 / 声明
◆单句语法填空
(1)［2016·全国Ⅰ卷］The title will be _________（official） given to me at a ceremony in London.
(2) Anyone，whether he is _________ official or a bus driver，should be equally respected.
(3) ［词汇复现］ _________ （official），he retired because of bad health.
◆单句写作
(4) He ________________________ （正式访问）France in March last year.
(5) John has really got the job because he showed me _______________ （正式信函） offering him it.
officially
an
Officially
made an official visit to
the official letter
词 汇二 attractive adj. （1）吸引人的，有魅力的 （2）好看的，漂亮的
◆教材原句
Qingdao is an attractive city located on the eastern coast of China.
青岛是位于中国东海岸的一座有魅力的城市。
◆要点必记
be attractive to... 对……有吸引力
an attractive offer 诱人的提议
◆词语积累
attract v. 吸引 attraction n. 吸引力
attractively adv. 吸引人地 attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意
a tourist attraction 旅游景点 be full of attraction 充满魅力
◆单句写作
(1)The job __________________ （对 …… 有 吸 引 力） me because of the pay.
(2) She gave a quiet cough to _____________________ （引起我的注意）.
is attractive to
attract my attention
单句语法填空
(3) Fireworks added to the _________ （attract）of the festival night.
(4) The West Lake in Hangzhou is ___________ （attractive）clear and beautiful.
(5) The island is equally _________ （attract）in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
(6) _________ （attract） by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
attraction
attractively
attractive
Attracted
词 汇三 carry out 进行；实行，执行
◆教材原句
What do you think are some of the reasons that people carry out experiments in space?
你认为哪些是人们在太空进行实验的原因？
◆要点必记
carry out an experiment/a survey做实验 / 做调查
carry out a promise/a plan/an order把承诺 / 计划 / 命令付诸行动
carry out one’s duty 履行职责
carry out the crime 实施犯罪
◆归纳拓展
carry away 拿走，冲走；使狂喜 carry through 完成；渡过
carry off 成功地对付；获得（奖项） carry on 继续；进行
◆单句写作
(1)［词汇复现］The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if _________ _________（有规律地进行），can improve our health.
(2) ［词汇复现］It is officially said that the operation will _______________ （进行） in full daylight.
carried out
be carried out
regularly
(3) ［词汇复现］Jack is quite optimistic and insists on ________________________ （实施计划）.
◆单句语法填空
(4) ［2016·天津卷］I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry _________ a conversation with her.
(5) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried _________ the next year.
(6) —What would you do if it rains tomorrow?
—We have to carry it _________ ，since we’ve got everything ready.
carrying out the plan
on
out
on
词 汇四 consist of 由……组成 / 构成
◆教材原句
New Zealand，in the South Pacific，consists of two large islands plus other smaller islands with an area of 270，000 sq km. 位于南太平洋的新西兰，由两个大岛和其他小岛组成，面积共计 270 000 平方千米。
◆要点必记
（1）“由……组成”的多种表达：
整体 + consist of+ 部分 部分 + make up+ 整体
整体 +be made up of+ 部分 整体 +be composed of+ 部分
（2）consist 其他的搭配：
consist in 在于，存在于（=lie in）
consist with 与……一致
◆误区警示
consist of 不用于被动语态和进行时态，但可用 consisting of 作后置定语。
the soil mostly consisting of sand主要由沙子构成的土壤
◆单句语法填空
(1)The newly-published book consists _________ 10 chapters，each chapter having 30，000 words.
(2) The value of the teaching method consists _________ the interest it inspires the students.
◆单句写作
(3) Life mainly ___________ （由 …… 组 成） happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow __________ （存在于）struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always ___________ （与……一致）reality.
of
in
consists of
consist in
consist with
◆句型转换
(4) This scientific group is made up of ten experts.
→ This scientific group ___________ ten experts.
◆一句多译
我们队由 15 名队员组成。
(5) __________________________________
(6) __________________________________
(7) __________________________________
consists of
Our team consists of 15 members.
Our team is made up of 15 members.
Our team is composed of 15 members.
词 汇五 convenient adj. （1）方便的 （2）附近的，近便的
◆教材原句
I think finding information on the Net is more convenient than searching for books in a library. 我认为在网上查找信息要比在图书馆里查阅书籍方便得多。
◆要点必记
It is convenient （for sb.） to do sth.（某人）做某事方便。
Sth. is convenient for sb. /sth.某事对……来说是方便的。
...is convenient for/to...……离……近。
◆词语积累
convenience n. 方便 for convenience 为方便起见
for one’s convenience 为方便某人 at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
inconvenient adj. 不方便的 inconvenience n. 不方便
◆误区警示
Sb. is convenient.（×）
It’s convenient of sb. to do sth. （×）
It’s convenient for sb. to do sth. （√）
◆单句语法填空
(1)The secretary arranged a ___________（convenience） time and place for the applicants to have an interview.
(2) We have provided seats for the _____________ （convenient） of our customers.
(3) This bookshop is close and convenient _________ the bus stop.
(4) ［词汇复现］ _________ is convenient for you to take a plane because there’s a regular bus to the airport.
(5) These meals can be prepared in advance，and served _________ your convenience.
convenient
convenience
for/to
It
at
◆单句写作
(6) If it _________________ （对……方便） you，I will visit you next Tuesday.
(7) Scientific and technological development has ________________________________ （让人们的生活更加方便）.
(8) _________________ （为方便起见），the German translation is printed below.
is convenient for
made people’s lives more convenient
For convenience
