(共22张PPT)
Unit 11 The Media
Lesson 4 What’s in the Papers?
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. Some people thought in the film more worrying than the bad language.
A. violence B. the use of drugs C. war D. murder
2. From Peter Moore’s words we can learn that .
A. the result is surprising
B. they try their best to keep bad language away from children
C. people’s attitudes to bad language on screen are interesting
D. we shouldn’t increase the amount of bad language on screen
课文预习自测
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3. We can learn from Passage B that .
A. Kingston is a town southeast of London
B. the trolleybus was parked in the way of the truck
C. the driver of the truck was killed
D. the driver of the truck hurt his ankle
4. Why did the police call an ambulance?
A. Because some astronomers were badly injured.
B. Because the 60-year-old driver got stuck in the truck.
C. Because they saw blood everywhere.
D. Because the trolleybus was on fire.
5. Sherri was years old when she last saw her mother Lillian.
A. 36 B. 7 C. 5 D. 3
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Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
According to a research，people don’t mind bad language on television as long as it is not used
in programmes 1 （watch） by children. The study showed there was “amazing agreement”
about when bad language was serious and 2 it was not. Some people found the use of drugs in
the film 3 （worry） than the bad language. People who were asked 4___________
（comment） on scenes on screen made a distinction between bad language used in programmes for
adults，and those meant 5 children.
More than 30 6 （astronomer） had an accident on a sightseeing trip to the museum
of science，which took place in Kingston，7 town southwest of London. Because of the fog，
the driver of the greengrocer’s truck didn’t know that he was parked in the way of the trolleybus. At
the last minute，he jumped out of the truck，8 （hurt） his ankle. He said he would have
been killed if he 9 （stay） in the truck. A spokesman praised the 10 （brave）
of the astronomers.
watched
when
more worrying
to comment
for
astronomers
a
hurting
had stayed
bravery
核心词汇
词汇一 scene n. 场面，片段，镜头；发生地点，现场；景色，风光
◆教材原句
People were asked to comment on scenes from films like Pulp Fiction...
人们被要求对如电影《低俗小说》……的场景进行评论。
◆要点必记
on the scene 当场，在现场（= on the spot） steal the scene 抢镜头
behind the scenes 幕后，不公开，暗中 come on the scene 出现，出场
◆学法点拨
scene 有“场景，场面，地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，一般用
关系副词where 或in which 来引导。
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］The film isn’t suitable for children because it contains
（一些暴力场面）.
（2）［词汇复现］Journalists were （赶到现场）within minutes.
（3） Those who worked （在幕后）are the real heroes of this project.
◆单句语法填空
（4） Tom said the most memorable scene was the one she ate.
some violent scenes
on the scene
behind the scenes
where
词汇二 conclude v. 推断出；断定；终止，结束
◆教材原句
Leeds University concluded that... 利兹大学得出结论……
◆要点必记
conclude from sth. that... 从某事推断出……
conclude by doing... 以做……结束
conclude with sth. 以……结束
◆词语积累
conclusion n. 结束，结论
make/draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
bring sth. to a conclusion 使某事结束
in conclusion 作为结论，最后
◆单句语法填空
（1） The story concluded the hero’s death.
◆单句写作
（2） I （从他的外表断定）he is a foreigner.
（3） Let me （用……结束我的演讲）a saying：Where there is
a will, there is a way.
◆同义句改写
（4） I have concluded from my own experiences that “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.”
→ I have my own experiences that
“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.”
with
conclude from his appearance that
conclude my speech with
drawn/made/reached a conclusion from
词汇三 keep（...） away from 离开；避开
◆教材原句
We have always tried to keep bad language away from innocent ears and this is a very
important consideration...
我们一直努力使天真的儿童远离不良语言，这是一个非常重要的考虑因素……
◆要点必记
keep up with 跟上；不落后 keep back 忍住；隐瞒
keep off（使）不接近；让开 keep on 继续
keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等） keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续做下去
keep one’s mind on...把注意力放在……上 keep sth. in mind 记住某事
keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡，与某人疏远
◆单句写作
（1） You must （远离）the dog. It is very dangerous.
（2） As far as I can see，there is only one way to （避开这个
危险）.
（3） They lit a fire to （不接近）wild animals.
（4） Neither of them is telling the whole truth. Invariably，they something （隐瞒）
.
◆单句语法填空
（5） Her illness kept her away work for several weeks.
（6） Even well-established companies can scarcely keep up demand.
（7） If you’re eating a healthy diet，keep it .
（8） It’s better for you to keep him at distance.
（9） Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the
climate is going to keep warming for decades or centuries.
keep away from the danger
keep away from
keep off
back
keep
from
with
up
a
on
词汇四 innocent adj. 天真无邪的，纯真的；无罪的，清白的
◆要点必记
be innocent of... 没犯……罪
be guilty of... 犯……罪
◆词语积累
innocence n. 清白；无罪；天真
innocently adv. 纯洁地；无罪地
◆单句写作
（1） According to the police，the citizen （没犯谋杀罪）.
（2） The court （判他无罪）and he was released.
is innocent of murder
found him innocent
词汇五 consideration n. 考虑，斟酌；（作计划或决定时）必须考虑的事
◆要点必记
（1）take sth. into consideration 考虑到某事；顾及某事
under consideration 在考虑中（2）considerate adj. 考虑周到的
It is considerate of sb. to do... 某人做……真体贴。
（3）consider v. 仔细考虑；细想；认为；以为
consider doing... 考虑做……
consider sb./sth. to be/as...认为某人/ 某物为……
all things considered 总而言之；考虑到所有情况
◆词语积累
considerable adj. 相当大（多）的 considering prep. & conj. 考虑到；鉴于
◆单句写作
（1） Your suggestion is still （在考虑中）for we are not sure whether
it will work or not.
◆单句语法填空
（2） It is difficult to imagine his accepting the decision without any ______________ (consider).
（3） Safe driving is good driving because it takes consideration the lives of other
people.
（4） It’s very （consider）of you to wait for me.
（5） John did quite well in his exams， （consider）how little he studied.
（6） It is necessary for us to think of others and be （consider）to them.
under consideration
consideration
into
considerate
considering
considerate
词汇六 load（1）n. 负载，负担；很多；工作量（2）v. 装上，使负担
◆教材原句
The greengrocer’s truck had been carrying a load of fresh strawberries.
蔬菜水果商的卡车装了许多新鲜的草莓。
◆要点必记
take a load off one’s mind卸下心中重担，如释重负
a load of =loads of 大量，许多
load...into/onto... 把……装入/ 上……
load...with... 用……装载……
◆图解助记
take a load off one’s mind
卸下负担
a load of cabbages
大量卷心菜
load a truck with
把……装上卡车
◆单句写作
（1） Henry drove one of the trucks （装载着）food and clothing.
（2） It’s time that you （卸下你心中的重担）.
（3） Since Tom came here，he has made （许多朋友）.
（4） The photographer is （把新胶卷装进相机里）.
loaded with
took a load off your mind
a load of friends
loading a new film into the camera
词汇七 help sb. out 帮某人解决难题或摆脱困境
◆教材原句
He praised the bravery of the astronomers who were helped out of the windows of the trolleybus
by firemen . 他赞扬了天文学家们的勇敢，他们被消防员从电车的窗户救了出来。
◆要点必记
help oneself to（口）自用（食物）；自行取用
帮某人做某事 help sb. with sth.
help sb.（to）do sth.
◆归纳拓展
pick...out 挑选……；辨认出……
make sb. out 懂得/ 理解某人（一般用于疑问句和否定句中）
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］Rather than （袖手旁观），I would_____________（帮他摆
脱困境）when he was in trouble.
（2） I promised to （帮助这个天真的男孩学） his maths，
which （卸下他心中的重担）.
（3） What do you （理解）of their statements?
◆单句语法填空
（4） Here are some toys. You can pick one or two for your little son as a birthday gift
from me.
（5） But in China，it is usual to help oneself the food placed at the center of the table.
stand by
help him out
help the innocent boy with
took a load off his mind
make out
out
to
词汇八 can’t stop doing sth. 禁不住做某事
◆教材原句
‘I can’t stop crying with happiness,’ she said. “我无法抑制这幸福的泪水，”她说。
◆要点必记 can’t stop doing sth. 禁不住做某事
can’t help but do sth. 不得不做某事
can’t help（to）do sth. 不能帮助做某事
I can’t help it. 我没有办法。/ 我不由自主。
◆学法点拨 接to do 与doing 有区别：
mean to do sth. 意欲做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
forget/remember to do sth.（事情未做）忘记/ 记得要做某事
forget/remember doing sth.（事情已做）忘记/ 记得做过某事
regret to do sth. 对将要做的事表示遗憾
regret doing sth. 对已做过的事表示后悔
◆单句语法填空
（1） While shopping，people sometimes can’t stop （persuade）into
buying something they don’t really need.
（2） You can’t help but （start）moving when you hear this song.
（3） I can’t help （clean）the room，because I have to do my homework.
（4） Everybody couldn’t stop （laugh）when they saw it.
（5） He was brought in from Toronto （help）out the local police.
（6） —Where is my passport? I remember （put）it here.
— You shouldn’t have left it here. Remember （take）it with you all the time.
◆单句写作
（7） — I just （禁不住担心）the result of the exam.
—Relax. There’s nothing you can do now but wait.
（8） I always end up having an argument with her. I don’t know why，but I just _____________
（不由自主）.
being persuaded
start
(to) clean
laughing
to help
putting
to take
can’t stop worrying about
can’t help it
重点句式
句式一 as long as 只要
◆教材原句
According to...people don’t mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in
programmes watched by children .
根据……电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目中，人们并不介意。
◆要点必记 as long as 的用法：
（1）（=so long as）只要，引导条件状语从句。
（2）“和……一样长”，是原级比较结构。
◆归纳拓展
as far as 和……一样远；尽……；就…… as well as 既……又……；除……之外（也）
as good as 和……一样好 as soon as 一……就……
◆学法点拨
·和……一样长，长达…… 肯定句：as long as 否定句：not as/so long as
· 一般将来时的主句+ 一般现在时的as long as/so long as 条件句
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］According to my parents，they don’t mind what job I’m up to
（只要我开心）.
（2） （就我而言），the film is a truly humorous one.
（3） —Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?
— No， （只要它不占用太长时间）.
（4） My niece’s arms are （和……一样长） yours.
（5） We walked （远至）the beer corporation.
（6） He （除……之外）I dislikes advertising for these products.
（7） The second-hand car is （和……一样好） a new one.
（8）［词汇复现］ （一……就……） it got dark，the general gave the signal.
as/so long as I am happy
as long as it doesn’t take long
As far as I’m concerned
as long as
as far as
as well as
As soon as
as good as
句式二 过去完成进行时
◆教材原句
The greengrocer’s truck had been carrying a load of fresh strawberries.
蔬菜水果商的卡车装了许多新鲜的草莓。
◆要点必记
过去完成进行时的构成是“had been+ 现在分词”，表示过去某一时间之前一直进行着的
动作。
◆单句语法填空
（1） When Alice came to life，she did not know how long she （lie）
there.
（2） Tom （work）in the library every night before yesterday’s
examination.
had been lying
had been working
(共24张PPT)
Unit 11 The Media
Lesson 3 The Advertising Game
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. By reading a classic advertisement you can know the following except .
A. what the company sells B. where the company is located
C. how much the product costs D. the name of the brand
2. Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts in order to .
A. show people how good the products are B. make the experts more famous
C. make people know more about the products D. make the advertisements more attractive
3. Modern techniques of design are not enough to be noticed in modern cities because .
A. they cost too much money
B. they can’t make advertisements attractive
C. people are used to seeing high standards of visual design
D. people don’t like such designs
课文预习自测
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4. The main aim of the advertisement is to .
A. make customers interested in the products
B. make customers spend money
C. hold the attention of the customers
D. make advertisements as attractive as possible
5. The government uses public advertisements to do the following except .
A. educating the public B. increasing public knowledge
C. making our society a better place D. making a profit
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Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
The classic advertisement is one that gives information about 1 （find） certain
products. However，this kind of advertising might not be 2 （suit） in direct competition.
At present，large budgets are applied to advertisement designing. In order to stand 3____
many new concepts like freedom and many new 4 （approach） like using humour
appear in modern advertisements. By doing this，they hope to make people forget that someone is
trying to sell 5 （they） something! 6 ，not all advertising is about selling products
and services for 7 profit. Some contemporary advertisements mainly aim 8 （make）
contributions to society. Some public advertisements encourage citizens to participate in improving
their neighbourhood，protecting the environment，and 9 （help） other people. They have
helped to make our society a 10 （good）place for everyone.
finding
suitable
out
approaches
them
However
a
to make
helping
better
核心词汇
词汇一 suitable adj. 适合的；合适的，恰当的
◆教材原句
However，this kind of advertising might not be suitable when there are products and services in
direct competition with each other in the market place.
然而，当产品和服务在市场上互相进行直接竞争时，这种广告可能就不适合了。
◆要点必记
be suitable for 适合于 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 suit sth. to sth. 使某物适合另一物
◆单句语法填空
（1） There are many other training courses that would be equally （suit）.
◆单句写作
（2）［词汇复现］This kind of soil （不适宜）growing crops.
（3）［词汇复现］Would it （适合做）have a chat with you now?
题组练·领悟方法
suitable
be suitable to
is not suitable for
词汇二 in competition with 与……竞争
◆要点必记 in the face of competition（from...）面对（来自……的）竞争
◆归纳拓展 compete in 参加……的比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against 和……竞争
◆词语积累
compete vi. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 竞争者； 比赛者 competitive adj. 有竞争力的
◆单句语法填空
（1） We’re going to have a （compete）to see who can swim the farthest.
（2） They found themselves （compete）against foreign companies for a share
of the market.
◆单句写作
（3） He may （赢得比赛），in which case he is likely to get into the
national team.
（4） The graduate was （与……竞争）the others for the job.
competition
competing
win the competition
in competition with
词汇三 consist of 由……组成（=be made up of；be composed of）
◆教材原句
Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the
products are. 有些广告中含有图片或专家说的话，以向人们展示该产品多么好。
◆要点必记
consist vi. 组成；构成；在于
consist in 在于……；存在于……
consist with 和……一致
consistent adj. 一致的；连续的
be consistent with 与……一致的；符合的
◆误区警示 consist of 不用于被动语态和进行时态。
类似短语有： date back to/from 追溯到…… belong to 属于
come into being 产生；出现 break out 发生
◆单句语法填空
（1） Five players can make a basketball team while a football team consists_____
eleven players at least.
（2） （consist） of two campuses，this school covers a total area of 400 square
kilometres with more than 4，000 students and teachers.
◆单句写作
（3） An ecosystem（生态系统） （由……组成）the living and nonliving things
in an area that interact with one another.
（4） Our deeds must （与……一致） our words.
◆一句多译
这个俱乐部由八个成员组成。
（5） This club eight members.（consist）
（6） This club eight members. （make up）
（7） This club eight members.（compose）
up
of
Consisting
consists of
consist with
consists of
is made up of
is composed of
词汇四 stand out 明显；显眼；突出；杰出（+as/from/among/above/in/against）
◆教材原句
Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest
standards of design with ideas...
现代广告必须把最高水平的设计和理念相结合……才能在激烈的竞争中胜出。
◆要点必记
stand for 代表；主张
stand by 袖手旁观；支持
stand up 站立，站起
stand against 倚/ 靠……站着；反对
◆单句写作
（1） The statue （醒目）against the trees.
（2） Four points （突出）as being more important than the rest.
◆单句语法填空
（3） His art talent stands among those artists.
（4）We can’t stand while so many people starve.
（5） Each star on the flag of the United States stands a state of the nation.
for
by
out
stands out
stand out
词汇五 combine v.（使）结合，（使）联合
◆要点必记
combine...with... 把……与……结合在一起
combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事
◆词语积累
combined adj. 结合的
combination n. 结合；组合；联合
in combination with 与……联合；与……共谋
◆归纳拓展
link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来
connect ...with... 把……和……连接起来
associate...with... 把……和……联系起来
◆单句写作
（1） In science teaching，we should class lectures （把……与……结合
起来） lab experiments.
（2） Diets are most effective （当与锻炼结合起来时）.
◆单句语法填空
（3） The architecture in the town centre is a successful （combine）of old and
new.
（4） —In this day and age，women can have children and jobs as well.
—I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two （combine）.
combine
with
when combined with exercise
combination
combined
词汇六 approach（1）n. 方法，态度（+to）；接近，靠近
（2）v. 接近，走近，靠近；处理
◆教材原句
For many of today’s advertisers，repeating old ideas is not a successful approach.
对当今很多广告商来说，重复旧的理念已不是有效的方法。
◆要点必记
the approach to（doing）sth.（做）某事的方法
adopt/take an approach 采用一种方法
at the approach of 在接近……的时候
with the approach of 随着……的来临
be easy to approach 容易接近；容易到达
◆单句语法填空
（1） As she walked along the narrow street，she heard the sound of footsteps _____________
（approach）.
（2） The traditional approach dealing with complex problems is to break them down
into smaller ones.
（3）With the time for graduation （approach），we are busy with our papers.
◆单句写作
（4） I was amused that the children fell silent___________________（在接近…… 时）
their teacher.
approaching
to
approaching
at the approach of
词汇七 contribution n. 贡献；捐款，捐助
◆教材原句
Some contemporary advertisements mainly aim to make contributions to society.
一些当代广告的主要目的是为社会做贡献。
◆要点必记 make a contribution/contributions to/towards... 为……作贡献
◆词语积累 contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；捐助
contribute...to... 把……捐献/ 贡献给……；向……投稿
contribute to 促成；有助于；导致
◆图解助记
①捐助,贡献 ②促成,造成 ③投稿,撰稿
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Yuan Longping is respected because he has made great______________
（contribute）to our country.
（2） I think everyone should make a contribution to （protect）the environment.
◆单句写作
（3） The school sees its job as preparing students to _____________________________
（为社会做贡献）.
（4） Eating too much fat can （导致） heart disease and cause high blood
pressure.
◆语境串记
Many people (5) money (6) the poor boy，which (7) his
return to school. A writer wrote a story about this and (8) it (9) a press.
（许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一个关于此事的故事并
把它投给了一家出版社。）
contributions
protecting
make a contribution to society
contribute to
to
contributed
to
contributed
contributed to
重点句式
句式一 部分否定
◆教材原句
However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.
然而，并非所有的广告都是为了利润而 推销商品和服务。
◆要点必记
（ 1）not +all/both/every/everyone/everything 并非都是/ 不是每个都是/ 不是每件事都是……
（ 2）not + always/altogether/completely/ everywhere/entirely/absolutely/wholly
并非总是/ 完全……
◆误区警示 no，none，no one，neither，nothing， nowhere 等表示完全否定。
◆句型转换
（1） All cultures don’t greet each other in the same way；nor are they comfortable in the same
way with touching or distance between people.
→ cultures each other in the same way；nor are they comfortable in the
same way with touching or distance between people.
◆单句写作
（2） Foreign cultures，which （并非总是好的），can never replace
your own culture.
（3）［词汇复现］ （都不）my friends stand out in our school.
greet
Not all
are not always good
None of
单元语法
动名词
要点一 动名词作主语
◆用法归纳
（1）与动词不定式作主语的区别
动名词作主语泛指经常性的、抽象的动作；不定式作主语特指一次性的、具体的动作。
（2）动名词短语作主语，it 作形式主语常用于以下固定句型：
It’s no use/good doing sth. It’s a waste of time doing sth.
It’s useless/fun/worthwhile doing sth. It’s hardly any good/use doing sth.
◆学法点拨 主谓一致问题：
（1）单个动名词+ 单数谓语动词
（2）动名词 + and+ 动名词 + 复数谓语动词（表达的语意不一致）
（3）动名词 + and + 动名词 + 单数谓语动词（表达的语意一致）
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］ （travel）abroad can be enjoyable.
（2） （deal）with the matter is hard.
（3）［词汇复现］It is no use （blame）him.
（4）［词汇复现］It isn’t worthwhile （spend）so much time on minor problems.
（5）［词汇复现］Analysing the data （be）a long process.
（6） Lying and stealing （be）immoral.
（7） Going to bed early and getting up early （be）a good habit.
（8） （know）basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
（9） （hear）how others react to the book you have just read creates an added
pleasure.
Travelling
To deal
blaming
spending
is
are
is
Knowing
Hearing
要点二 动名词作宾语
◆用法归纳
（1）常见的只接动名词而不接不定式作宾语的动词，如歌诀所示：
避免 错过 少 延期（avoid，miss，put off）
建议 完成 多 练习（suggest，finish，practise）
喜欢 想象 禁不住（enjoy，imagine，can’t help）
承认 否定 要 禁止（admit，deny，forbid）
逃避 冒险 莫 原谅（escape，risk，excuse）
忍受 保持 不 介意（stand，keep，mind）
（2）其他接动名词的动词短语：
insist on 坚持；look forward to 期待，盼望； feel like 想要；be fond of 喜欢；
object to 反对；give up 放弃
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Not all my friends dislike （drink）.
（2） He is busy （analyse）the situation.
（3）［词汇复现］When I arrived home，my daughter pretended to be practising _________
（play）the piano.
（4）［词汇复现］Mary can’t stand （have）a chat with such a man.
（5） The college student felt like （participate）in the life of the village.
（6） They objected to （employ）a new graduate who has no practical experience.
drinking
analysing
playing
having
participating
employing
要点三 动名词作表语
◆用法归纳
动名词作表语，多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what 引导
的名词性从句。
◆学法点拨
·动名词作表语，说明主语的内容。主语和表语的位置可以互换。
·现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、特征，主语和表语的位置不可互换。
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］His job is （make）advertising budgets.
（2）［词汇复现］My task is （advertise）for the new product.
（3） In the ant city，the queen’s work is （lay）eggs.
making
advertising
laying
要点四 动名词作定语
◆用法归纳
动名词作定语，置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰词的用途或性能。
◆误区警示
·动名词作定语意为“作……用”，表示用途，相当于一个for 短语。
·现在分词作定语，所修饰的名词和现在分词是主动关系，相当于一个定语从句。
◆汉译英
（1） 候车室，候诊室_______________ （2） 藏身之处_______________
（3） 水罐_______________ （4） 建筑材料_______________
（5） 浴帽_______________ （6） 称具，量具_____________
（7） 更衣室_____________ （8） 猜谜游戏_______________
a waiting room
a hiding place
a watering can
building materials
a bathing cap
a weighing machine
a dressing room
a guessing game
(共22张PPT)
Unit 11 The Media
Lesson 2 The Paparazzi
核心词汇
词汇一 arise vi.（1）发生，出现；（由……）引起，（由……）产生
（2）起立；起身；起床
◆要点必记
arise out of/from（=result from）由……引起
如果有必要 if/when the need arises
should the need arise
◆词语辨析 arise，rise 与raise
·arise（rose；risen）vi. 出现；发生；起因于（主语多为quarrel，argument，problem，
question，movement 等，多指不好的事情发生）
·rise vi. 升起；上升；起身；增长
·raise vt. 提升；举起；饲养；抚养；提出
◆误区警示 rise 与arise 是不及物动词，后不接宾语，无被动语态，而raise 是及物动词，
后接宾语，可用于被动语态。
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句写作
（1）Can we begin by discussing matters （产生于）the last meeting?
（2）We can have another meeting （如果有必要）.
◆辨析填空（rise/arise/raise）
（3）Several new industries in the town last year.
（4）Many new problems when prices of daily goods sharply，which is
beyond the ordinary people’s buying capacity.
（5）Troops the country’s flag in a special ceremony.
（6）［词汇复现］Should the need for extra staff，we will contact you.
（7）As the sun in the sky，the temperature climbed.
（8）This is a problem out of the lack of communication.
（9）The book many important issues for our consideration.
（10）The river has by several metres so far.
arose
arising from
if/when the need arises
raised
rise
arise
arise
rose
arising
raises
risen
词汇二 blame（1）vt. 责怪，归咎于 （2）n. 过失，责备
◆要点必记
blame sb. for... 因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame for sth. 对某事负有责任；应承担责任；该受责备（主动形式表被动意义）
accept/bear/take the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上
◆单句语法填空
（1） I feel it is your husband who is （blame）for the spoiled child.
（2） （blame）for not having finished his homework，he felt a little sad.
◆单句写作
（3）It was the natural disaster，rather than human errors，that _________________
（该受指责）the death of so many innocent people.
（4）No one was prepared to （为……承担责任）the incident.
was to blame for
take the blame for
to blame
Blamed
词汇三 willing adj. 愿意的，乐意的
◆要点必记
be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
be unwilling to do sth. 不愿意做某事
willingly adv. 情愿地
unwillingly adv. 不情愿地
◆单句写作
（1） I （愿意承认）that I do make mistakes.
（2） Why might highly sensitive people （不愿意）take part in group sports?
am willing to admit
be unwilling to
词汇四 employ v. 雇用；使用，采用
◆要点必记
employ sb. as 雇用某人担任某职务 employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
be employed in（doing） sth. = employ oneself in（doing） sth. 忙于（做）某事，从事某活动
◆词语积累 employer n. 雇主，老板 employee n. 雇员；从业员工
employment n. 就业 employable adj. 可雇用的
◆单句写作
（1） Professor Wang has （专心致志于）researching the wildlife
protection in the recent five years.
（2） She （受雇当）the translator of the manager.
◆单句语法填空
（3）［词汇复现］The number of （employ）in his factory has risen to 800.
（4） The （employ）wasn’t satisfied with the young applicant’s answer.
been employed in
was employed as
employees
employer
词汇五 attempt v. & n. 试图，尝试，努力
◆要点必记
attempt at（doing）sth. 企图做某事
attempt to do sth. 企图做某事
in an/one’s attempt to do sth.试图做某事
make an attempt to do sth.试图/ 打算做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试.
◆单句写作
（1） The proposal （试图解决）what some call the “death valley” of
autonomous vehicles.
（2） Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of
passing it （她第一次尝试时）.
attempts to deal with
at her first attempt
词汇六 defend v. 保卫，保护；为……辩解
◆要点必记
defend...from/against（doing） ...保护……免受……
defend oneself against sth.为自己辩护
defence n. 防御；防御工事；保卫
in defence of（＝ in one’s defence）保卫；为……辩护
defensive adj. 防御性的；自我保护的
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］We should stand up （保卫）peace.
（2）［词汇复现］他们正在为捍卫他们的信仰而战。
________________________________________
◆单句语法填空
（3） They tried to defend themselves the enemy with all their might.
（4） Like their children，parents are often （defend）about their private lives.
in defence of
They are fighting to defend their beliefs.
against/from
defensive
词汇七 argument n. 争吵，争辩，争论；论点，论据
◆要点必记
（1）have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 与某人就某事争吵
get into an argument with sb.与某人争吵起来
win/lose an argument 在辩论中获胜/ 失败
an argument for/against sth. 支持/ 反对某事的论点
beyond argument 无可争论
（2）argue for/against 赞成/ 反对
argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
◆单句语法填空
（1） One of the （argue）in favour of the new airport is that it will bring many
jobs to the area.
（2） I just can’t work out why you always argue me.
◆单句写作
（3） There was （关于……的热烈争论）who was
responsible for the accident.
（4）［词汇复现］The party hopes to （在关于……的
辩论中获胜）how to reform the health system.
（5） It is （无可争论）that smoking is harmful to health.
（6） I always end up （与……争吵） her. I don’t know why，
but I just can’t help it.
arguments
with
a heated argument about/over
win the argument about/over
beyond argument
having an argument with
词汇八 process（1）n.［C］进程；过程 （2）vt. 加工；审核；处理（文件等）
◆要点必记
in the process 同时；在……过程中 in the process of（doing） sth. 在（做）某事的过程中
be in process（某事）正在进行 process...into... 把……加工成……
◆词语积累 processed adj. 经加工的，加工过的
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］The translation （正在）being turned into a
television series.
（2）Studies have shown that the right and left ear （处理声音
不同）.
◆单句语法填空
（3） Some people don’t like （process） vegetables.
is in the process of
process sound differently
processed
词汇九 profit（1）n. 利润；利益 （2）v. 有利于……，对……有利；获利
◆要点必记
at a profit 获利 make a profit/profits 盈利
profit forecast 利润预测 non-profit organization 非营利组织
A profit（s） B A 有益于B B profit（s） from/by A B 从A 中获益
profitable adj. 有利润的，赢利的
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2018·江苏卷］It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make profit.
（2）We hope to make great （profit） in the long term.
（3） We tried to profit our mistakes.
◆单句写作
（4） The brothers resell the goods （获利）.
（5） They are determined to （大赚一笔）.
profits
by/from
at a profit
make a big profit
a
词汇十 in favour of 支持，赞同
◆要点必记
do sb. a favour = do a favour to sb.帮某人一个忙 in sb.’s favour 对某人有利
◆归纳拓展 “in + n. + of ”结构：
in advance of 在……前面 in celebration of 庆祝
in charge of 负责，管理 in defence of 保卫
in face of 面对 in memory/honour of 为了纪念
in place of 代替 in respect of 就……而言
in search of 寻找；搜寻 in sight of 在看见……的地方
in need of 需要 in possession of 拥有
◆单句语法填空
（1） Susan was all in favour of （publish）the novel.
◆单句写作
（2） When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teachers would prefer
to see him step aside （支持）younger men.
（3） （为了纪念）the Americans who died in the attack，a national
memorial was built in Pearl Harbour.
（4） If you compare our life to a pie，what would you put in if you were_____________
（主管）making the pie?
（5） The gift to the Israel Museum is being made （纪念）Michael
Bromberg.
（6） Today，almost everyone is （拥有）one or more credit cards.
publishing
in favour of
In memory of
in charge of
in memory/honour of
in possession of
词汇十一 attitude n. 态度，看法（~to/towards）；姿势，姿态
◆教材原句
Since Princess Diana’s death in 1997，a lot of people’s attitudes have changed and more and
more people dislike...
自1997 年戴安娜王妃死后，许多人的态度都改变了，而且越来越多的人不喜欢……
◆要点必记 an attitude to/towards 对……的态度
have/take/adopt an attitude towards 对…… 持某种态度
an attitude of mind 心态问题
◆单句语法填空
（1） People with a positive attitude life are more likely to succeed.
◆单句写作
（2） As you get older， （你对待生活的态度）changes.
（3）是你的态度决定了你的人生高度。（强调句型）
______________________________________________
to/towards
your attitude to/towards life
It is your attitude that determines your altitude.
词汇十二 dislike vt. 不喜爱，厌恶
◆要点必记
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
unlike prep. 不像；与……不同
◆归纳拓展 常见的以否定前缀dis- 开头的派生词：
dislike 不喜欢 disagree 不同意 discourage 泄气
◆单句语法填空
（1） Father sometimes goes to the gym with us although he dislikes （go） there.
◆辨析填空（dislike/unlike）
（2） What I saw was completely anything I had experienced in the past.
going
unlike
词汇十三 pretend v. 假装，装作
◆教材原句
Pretending to be a repair man to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her daily life.
假装成一个维修工进入电影明星的家去拍摄她日常生活的照片。
◆要点必记
pretend to be/to do...假装是……/ 假装做……
pretend to be doing 假装正在做
pretend to have done 假装做过
pretend that... 假装……
◆词语助记
pre-（前，先）+ tend（延伸）→ pretend v. 在面前展示，做样子（假装）
◆单句写作
（1） What made me angry was that she _______________________（假装没看见我） when I
said hello to her.
（2）［词汇复现］She （假装）she was willing to do me a favour.
◆单句语法填空
（3） Mary pretended （finish）her homework and went out to play with her
classmates.
（4） Always （pretend）to understand what he doesn’t，he makes a fool of
himself.
（5） He pretended （read）when his mother came home.
pretended not to see me
pretended that
to have finished
pretending
to be reading
词汇十四 hire vt. 租用；雇用；租借
◆教材原句
Hiring a helicopter to take pictures of the film star’s big house from the air.
租直升机从空中对电影明星的大房子进行拍照。
◆要点必记
hire sth. out（短期）出租 hire oneself out 受雇 hire sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
◆对比记忆 hire vt. 雇用←→ fire vt. 开除，解雇
◆单句语法填空
（1） The professor hired a young man （drive）for him every day.
◆单句写作
（2）［词汇复现］We felt puzzled why the businessman_______________________（假装
欠债）and （受雇）to farmers at harvest time.
（3） He wanted to his house （短期出租）.
to drive
pretended to be in debt
hired himself out
hire
out
词汇十五 respect（1）v. 尊敬，尊重（2）n. 尊敬；尊重；重视，顾及
◆教材原句
The media should respect famous people’s privacy. 媒体应尊重名人的隐私。
◆要点必记 respect sb. for sth. 因某事尊敬某人
show/have respect for sb. 尊敬某人
win/gain/earn the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬
in one respect/some respects/every respect 在某个/ 某些/ 每个方面
in respect of sth. 关于某事物，就某方面而言
in no respect 无论哪方面都不是
with respect to 关于，至于，就……而言
give/send one’s respects to sb. 向某人表达某人的问候
◆词语积累 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的
respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的
respectively adv. 分别；各自
◆单句语法填空
（1） Please send them my （respect）when you write.
（2） Anyone，whether he is an official or a worker，should be equally__________（respect）.
（3） I have the greatest respect your brother.
（4） what respect do you think the film is boring?
（5） Julie and Mark，aged 17 and 19 （respect）.
◆单句写作
（6）［词汇复现］He is always ready to do me a favour. I _______________（因……而尊敬
他）this.
（7） If you expect others to respect you，you should （自重）first.
（8） The book is admirable （在……方面）style.
（9） This is true （就…… 而言）English but not to French.
respects
respected
for
In
respectively
respect him for
respect yourself
in respect of
with respect to
(共48张PPT)
Unit 11 The Media
Warm-up & Lesson 1 World News
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. Which of the following countries is NOT included in the G8?
A. France. B. Britain. C. Italy. D. Australia.
2. The topic about will be discussed at this year’s meeting.
A. Africa B. France C. Canada D. London
3. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the news?
A. The G8 will cancel Africa’s debt.
B. Africa’s poverty leads to the lack of water，clothing and other problems.
C. People in London were delighted that the Olympic Games were to be held again in their country.
D. Besides London，applications to host the 2012 Olympic Games had also been made by Moscow，
Madrid，New York and Paris.
课文预习自测
〇
〇
〇
4. We can learn from the passage that .
A. France as well as Britain and Belgium is a very rich country
B. reforms about G8 have been carried out because of people’s demand
C. the competition to host the Olympic Games is fierce among countries
D. sex education and health care administration are very advanced in Africa
5. The name of the host city for the 2012 Olympic Games was announced in .
A. London B. Singapore
C. Paris D. Moscow
〇
〇
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容，依据语法规则完成短文）
Africa on G8 Agenda
The political leaders from eight of the world’s 1 （wealth） nations will meet in
Scotland this summer. They will discuss the topic of Africa 2 detail. There are many problems
for African people to solve，such as 3 （poor），sex education and health care
administration. People from all over the world have demanded that the leaders should cancel the debt
of Africa’s poorest countries. Their 4 （believe） is that this is the only way for the poor
people to escape their 5 （pain） pasts.
London Wins
London was announced by the IOC in Singapore to be the host city for the 2012 Olympic
Games. London’s name 6 （announce） twice before，7 it now has the
distinction of being the first city 8 （host）the event three times. The good news made the
cheering people in London so 9 （delight） that they celebrated 10 everywhere.
wealthiest
in
poverty
belief
painful
had been announced
so
to host
delighted
in
核心词汇
词汇一 affair n. 事情，事件；公共事务
◆教材原句
current affairs 时事
◆要点必记
mind your own affair 不要多管闲事 foreign affairs 外国事务
world/international/business affairs世界/ 国际/ 商业事务
private affairs 私事 public affairs 公共事务
affairs of state 国事；国务 state of affairs 事态；局势
◆词语辨析 affair，business 与 event
·affair 指已发生或必须做的事务，复数形式指重大或较复杂的事务。
·business 指商业事务、买卖或业务。
·event 指重大事件或赛事。
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句写作
（1） Nobody is allowed to use the telephone in the office__________________（因为私事）.
（2） When you leave，you should put （你的事情）in order.
（3） （管好你自己的事）.
◆辨析填空（affair/business/event）
（4）［词汇复现］Jim was keen to know how much he would be paid for the .
（5） She wanted the celebration to be a simple family .
（6） Tonight’s programme looks back at the main of the year.
Mind your own affair
for private affairs
your affairs
affair
business
events
词汇二 stand for 是……意思，代表；支持；容忍（通常用于否定句）
◆教材原句
What does “G8” stand for? “G8”代表什么？
◆要点必记
stand by 袖手旁观 stand out 突出；显眼；杰出
stand sb./sth. doing... 容忍某人/ 某物做……
stand on one’s own feet自立；不依靠他人 stand up for 维护，支持
take a stand with 和……站在一起
◆单句写作
（1） The letters CPC （代表）the Communist Party of China.
（2） I’m not going to （袖手旁观）and see her hurt.
（3） She’s the sort of person who （显眼）in a crowd.
（4） She’s been lying about me，and I won’t （容忍）it any more.
stand for
stand by
stands out
stand for
词汇三 in detail 详细地
◆教材原句
...as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.
……因为非洲问题将是本届会议详细讨论的问题。
◆要点必记
go into detail（s）详细叙述，逐一说明 for further details 为了了解详细情况
have an eye for detail 善于捕捉细节 down to the smallest detail 详细地
◆单句语法填空
（1） We’d better discuss everything detail before we work out the plan.
◆单句写作
（2） Please email me （为了了解详细情况）or with any questions.
（3） I can’t （详细叙述）now；it would take too long.
in
for further details
go into details
词汇四 widespread adj. 广泛的
◆教材原句
Widespread poverty in Africa means that many people there...
非洲普遍的贫困意味着那里的很多人……
◆要点必记
wide（广阔的）+ spread（传播）→ widespread adj. 广泛的
widespread damage 广泛的破坏
◆单句写作
（1） The plan received （普遍支持）throughout the country.
（2）［词汇复现］手机被广泛地使用。
__________________________________________
widespread support
The mobile phones are in widespread use.
词汇五 demand vt. 强烈要求；需要 n. 要求；需求，需要
◆教材原句
Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world. 全世界的人们都要求改革。
◆要点必记
demand sth. of sb. 向某人要某物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that+ 主语（+should）+do 要求……
in demand 需求大 make demands on 对……提出要求
on demand 一经要求 satisfy/meet one’s demands满足某人的要求
◆学法点拨 demand+ 宾语从句/ 同位语从句→从句谓语用“（should+）动词原形”
◆归纳拓展 后跟名词性从句，从句谓语用“（should+）动词原形”的动词：
一个“坚持”（insist）；两道“命令”（order，command）；
四条“建议”（suggest，propose，advise，recommend）；
四点“ 要求”（demand，desire，request，require）。
◆单句写作
（1） The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are_________________ （需求量很大）
in this city.
（2）［词汇复现］The police demanded Mary_____________________________（详细复述
整个事件）.
（3）［词汇复现］She telephoned me and demanded that I __________________________
（联系我的老师）.
（4） Passengers must show their tickets （一经需要）.
（5） The job is beginning to （不合理地占用）his free
time.
in great demand
retell the whole affair in detail
should contact my teacher
on demand
make unreasonable demands on
◆单句语法填空
（6） The workers in the factory demanded that their pay （raise）by 20 percent.
（7） The victims of the accident demanded that the case （look）into at once and they
_________（give）a reasonable explanation and a just treatment.
（8） It is requested that he （hand） in his homework tomorrow morning.
（9） Our demand that he （contact）us once a week is reasonable.
be raised
be looked
be given
（should）hand
（should）contact
词汇六 debt n. 欠款，债务；人情债，情义
◆教材原句
...cancel the debt of Africa’s poorest countries so that the problems there can be prevented from
getting any worse. ……取消非洲最贫困国家的债务，以防止那个地区的问题再恶化。
◆要点必记
in debt to sb. 欠某人的人情/ 债；受某人的恩惠 pay off one’s debts 还清某人的债
get/run into debt 负债 deep in/into debt 负债累累 out of debt 不欠债
◆单句语法填空
（1）“We’re going deeper debt on our groundwater use，”he said.
◆单句写作
（2） After ten years of hard work，they at last got （不欠债）.
（3） The reason why he looks so sad is that he _________（负债了）.
（4） （负债累累），he had to cut down the expense on his new flat.
Deep in debt
is in debt
in/into
out of debt
词汇七 prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
◆要点必记
阻止某人做某事 prevent/stop sb.（from）doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
◆误区警示
·prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 用于主动语态时，from 可省略；用于被动
语态时，from 不能省略。
·keep sb. from doing sth. 中，from 在主动语态和被动语态中都不能省略，
因为keep sb. doing sth. 意为“使某人一直做某事”。
◆单句语法填空
（1） Something has been done to prevent workers from （injure）when they
are working.
（2）［2017·天津卷］Sure，I could have asked her，but something prevented me ______
doing so.
（3） The mother kept the little girl （watch）to keep the milk boiling over.
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］It annoyed him that the heavy rain ________________________________
_________（阻止了他外出）.
being injured
from
watching
from
prevented/stopped/kept him from
going out
词汇八 belief n. 信心；信任；信仰（pl. beliefs）
◆教材原句
Their belief is that this is the only way for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts.
他们坚信，这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦过去的唯一出路。
◆要点必记
have（no）belief in（不）相信……
beyond belief 令人难以置信
It’s one’s belief that... 某人相信/ 认为……
in the belief that.../hold the belief that... 认定……，相信……
◆词语积累
dis-（否定前缀）+ belief n. → disbelief n. 不信任
◆单句写作
（1）［词汇复现］ （他相信）paying off his debts is the only way to
escape his painful past.
（2） Many people （坚定地相信）that the cure for cancer will be found
one day.
◆单句语法填空
（3） He acted in the （believe）that he was doing good.
（4） I have taught many children who held the belief their self worth relied on how
well they performed.
（5） When Mary got a call saying she was offered a free vacation，she couldn’t believe it；
the _________（belief）even defeated her concern about leaving her two kids.
It’s his belief that
hold a firm belief
belief
that
disbelief
词汇九 painful adj. 令人痛苦的；困难的；引起疼痛的
◆要点必记
a painful experience/memory 痛苦的经历/ 回忆
a long and painful process 一个漫长而又艰难的历程
be painful（for sb.）to do sth.（某人）痛苦地做某事
painfully adv. 痛苦地
◆词语积累
-ful 是形容词后缀，表示“充满……的”。
forgetful adj. 健忘的
peaceful adj. 和平的
useful adj. 有用的
helpful adj. 有帮助的
meaningful adj. 有意义的
◆单句语法填空
（1） My back is so （pain） that I cannot stand upright anymore.
（2） It was a （pain）experience nursing my father through his last illness.
（3）［词汇复现］I am （painful）aware that I have made mistakes.
◆单句写作
（4） 我的脚踝还是疼得不能走路。
My ankle is still walk on.
（5） 求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。
Applying for jobs can be .
painful
painful
painfully
too painful to
a long and painful process
词汇十 host（1）n. 主人；主办者，主办地，主办方；主持人（2）v. 主办；主持
◆教材原句
...the name of the host city for the 2012 Olympic Games was being announced by...
……宣布了2012 年奥林匹克运动会主办城市的名字……
◆句法分析
was being announced 是过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正在进行的
被动动作。
◆要点必记
a host country/family 主办国/ 房东 host a dinner 设宴招待客人 play host to 接待
◆词语积累
hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The International Olympic Committee has announced that China
（host）the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
◆单句写作
（2）We attended a meeting （由……主持）the manager of our company.
（3）［词汇复现］Before （女主持人宣布获胜者），
she asked the audience to calm down.
（4）［词汇复现］The college is （在接待）a group of visiting
Russian photographers.
will host
hosted by
the hostess announced the winner
playing host to
词汇十一 announce vt. 宣布，宣告；（尤指通过广播）通知
◆要点必记
announce that... 宣布，通知……
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事
announce sb. 宣布某人的到来
It is announced that... 有人宣布……
as is announced 正如所宣布的那样
◆词语积累 announce v. + -ment → announcement n. 通告；宣告；通知
◆学法点拨
向某人宣布/ 解释/ 报道某事
announce/explain/report sb. sth.（×）
announce/explain/report sth. to sb.（√）
用法相同的动词还有suggest，explain，say 等。
◆单句语法填空
（1） The prince has announced his engagement the media.
（2）［词汇复现］The （announce）of his visit caused widespread media
interest.
（3） He sent her a telegram （announce）his immediate return to London.
◆单句写作
（4） （正如所宣布的那样）in the papers，a nationwide sports meeting
will be held next month.
（5） At the end of the meeting, （有人宣布）an agreement had
been reached.
to
announcement
announcing
As is announced
it was announced that
词汇十二 application n. 申请，申请书；应用，运用
◆要点必记
Applications to host the games had also been made by Moscow，Madrid，New York and Paris.
申请主办这届奥运会的城市还有莫斯科、马德里、纽约和巴黎。
◆要点必记
make an application（to sb.）for（向某人）申请 fill in an application form 填写申请表
written application 书面申请 college applications 大学（入学）申请
◆词语积累
applicant n. 申请人 apply v. 申请；应用
apply for 申请 apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 apply...to... 把……应用于……
apply oneself/one’s mind to（doing） sth. 专心致志于（做）某事
◆单句语法填空
（1） That is why electricity finds such a wide （apply）in industry.
（2） The poverty-stricken families can apply the local government financial and
technical help.
（3） Firstly，I am just a graduate from an ordinary high school and I wonder what qualifications
are required for （apply）.
（4） You can stop bleeding by （apply） pressure close to the injured area.
◆单句写作
（5） I （向……申请）the hospital for a job as a nurse.
（6） Have you （填申请表）for a new house?
（7） I suggest you （申请）membership. Members can get a 15% discount.
application
to
for
applicants
applying
made an application to
filled in the application form
apply for
词汇十三 come down to（旧东西）传到……手里；归结为（to 是介词）
◆教材原句
In the end，it came down to a choice between Paris and London .
最后的角逐落在巴黎和伦敦之间。
◆要点必记
come down（温度、价格等）降低；坍塌；（雨、雪等）落下
come across（偶然）遇见；被理解 come about 发生
come to 被想出；合计 come up with 想出 come up 上升；发芽；发生
◆单句写作
（1） If you buy three pairs，the price for each will （降到）three dollars.
（2） Many fine tales （已经传到） us from our ancestors.
（3） It （归结起来有两种选择）：either you improve your
work，or you leave.
comes down to two choices
come down to
have come down to
词汇十四 celebrate v. 庆祝
◆教材原句
The news is being celebrated by crowds in the streets. 街头成群的人们在欢庆这个消息。
◆词语辨析
celebrate 与 congratulate
·celebrate + sth. 庆祝某事
·congratulate +sb. 祝贺某人
congratulate sb. on（doing）sth. 祝贺某人（做）某事
◆词语积累
celebrate v. + -tion → celebration n. 庆祝 congratulate v.+ -tion → congratulation n. 祝贺
◆单句语法填空
（1） The Spring Festival （celebrate）in January or February.
◆辨析填空（celebrate/congratulate）
（2） The three sisters decided to hold a family party to their parents’ silver
wedding.
（3）［2017·全国Ⅰ卷］Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris
and New Orleans to the first annual International Jazz Day.
（4） I must you on your excellent exam results.
celebrate
is celebrated
celebrate
congratulate
词汇十五 delighted adj. 高兴的，愉快的
◆教材原句
...he was delighted that the 2012 Olympic Games would be held in London and he was looking
forward to the Games. ……他很高兴伦敦将主办2012 年奥运会，他期待着奥运会的到来。
◆要点必记
be delighted at/by/with对……感到高兴/ 满意 be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be delighted+that 从句 很高兴……
◆词语积累
delight n. ［C］乐事；［U］高兴，喜悦 to one’s（great）delight 使某人（非常）高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地 take delight in 以……为乐
delightful adj. 使人快乐的
◆误区警示
very delighted（×） absolutely delighted（√）
◆单句语法填空
（1） （delight）at the news that he had been admitted to Beijing University，he
couldn’t help laughing.
（2） He felt （delight）that the summer vacation he had been looking forward to
（come）at last.
（3） The gardens show the human spirit of architecture，poetry and painting，so that today
their （delight） creativity，lines and rhythm can be imagined by everyone.
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］He was （非常满意） with the explanation.
（5） We （乐于） going for long walks in the country.
（6） The classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be （乐事）for both
children and adults.
（7） （令我高兴的是），I was chosen from__________________________
（数百位申请者） to attend the opening ceremony.
Delighted
delighted
came
delightful
absolutely delighted
delight in/take delight in
To my delight
hundreds of applicants
a delight
词汇十六 publish vt. 出版，发行；刊登，发表
◆教材原句
Her latest series of articles （ publish） in a national newspaper at the moment.
她最新的系列文章目前在一家全国性报纸上发表。
◆要点必记 publish a novel 发表小说
print vt. 发表；刊登
come out 出版，发行；发表（不及物动词短语）
◆单句语法填空
（1）A profile（简介）of a leading sportsman （publish）by the newspaper
every week.
（2）He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of which （publish）in
the 1990s.
◆单句写作
（3） His first novel （将要出版） next month.
is published
were published
will come out
词汇十七 explode（1）vi. & vt.（使）爆炸（2）vi. 突然增加，急剧增长
（3）vi.（感情）爆发，迸发
◆教材原句
Three exploded on London Underground lines and another on a bus.
三枚炸弹在伦敦地铁线路上爆炸，另外一枚是在公共汽车上。
◆要点必记
explode（burst）with laughter/anger 哄堂大笑/ 勃然大怒
the exploding world population 迅猛增长的世界人口
◆单句写作
（1）Do you fear that you’ll burst into tears or （勃然大怒）in front of
the journalists?
（2）［2016· 全国Ⅰ 卷］They told her to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived，but
she thought the car （将会爆炸）.
explode with anger
was going to explode
词汇十八 incident n. 事件，事情；冲突
◆教材原句
No one has yet discovered who is responsible for the incidents but police are already collecting
evidence. 还没有人发现谁该为这些事件负责，但是警方已在搜集证据。
◆要点必记 a major incident 重大事件
a serious incident 严重事故
a violent incident 暴力事件
◆词语辨析 incident，accident 与 event
· incident 尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的事件、事端、政变。
·accident 指事故。
·event 指重大事件、体育赛事。
◆单句写作
（1） A spokesman said it was （只是个小事件）.
◆辨析填空（incident/accident/event）
（2） Neither you nor the driver，I think，has told the truth behind the .
（3） The has been put off due to lack of interest.
（4） I didn’t mean to break it—it was an .
（5）［词汇复现］Police are appealing for witnesses to the .
only an incident
accident
event
accident
incident
词汇十九 evidence n. 证据，证明；迹象；明显
◆要点必记
evidence of/for ……的证据
in evidence 明显地，显著地，显然地
There is evidence that... 有证据表明……
◆词语积累
evident adj. 明显的；明白的 evidently adv. 显然，明显地；清楚地
◆学法点拨
It is evident that... “很明显……，显而易见……”，it 是形式主语，that 引导的从句作真
正的主语。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［2017·北京卷］Now we have the most direct evidence yet he is right.
（2）［词汇复现］The pictures provide （evident）of the incident.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］ （有证据表明） he was drunk when driving.
（4） （很明显）he is a failure as a father.
that
evidence
There is evidence that
It is evident that
重点句式
句式一 表语从句
◆教材原句
Their belief is that this is the only way for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts.
他们坚信，这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦过去的唯一出路。
◆要点必记 表语从句：在主从复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。
（1）连接词：that 和whether
（2）连接代词：who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whomever，whatever，
whichever 等
（3）连接副词：when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however 等
（4）其他连接词：as if，as though，because 等
◆学法点拨 ·主语+be/remain/look/seem...+ 表语从句.
·The reason...is that...
·It/This/That is because/why...
◆误区警示 whether 引导表语从句时不能替换成if。
◆用适当的引导词填空
（1） It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as I had done it?
（2） —What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame，mum. I am you have made me.
（3） The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal.
（4）［2018·北京卷］This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties
and hope for the best.
（5）［2018·北京卷］Without his support，we wouldn’t be we are now.
（6） The advantage of cycling to work is we can live a low-carbon life.
（7）［词汇复现］My idea is we should support the reform of the legal system.
（8）［词汇复现］The mystery is he ever demanded help of his photographer.
if
what
when
what
where
that
that
whether
单元语法
被动语态
要点一 被动语态的构成
◆用法归纳
（1）基本构成方式：
一般现在时：am/is/are done 一般过去时：was/were done
一般将来时：shall/will be done 现在进行时：am/is/are being done
过去进行时：was/were being done 现在完成时：have/has been done
过去完成时：had been done 过去将来时：should/would be done
（2）含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词
（3）一些不定式结构的被动形式
①由be going to 构成的被动结构：be going to be done
②由“be + 不定式”构成的被动结构： be to be done
③由have/has/had to 构成的被动结构： have/has/had to be done
◆误区警示
在含有时间、条件状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时
代替将来时。
◆学法点拨 被动语态歌诀
被动不离“be” “p. p.”， p. p. 前面要加be。
主谓一致莫忘记， 句中时态要留意。
am，is，are，现在时 → am/is/are + p. p.。
was 和were 表过去 → was/were + p. p.。
将来、情态+ be 原形 → will/can/may/must + be + p. p.。
进行时态两个be， 前表时态后加-ing → be + being + p. p.。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Before you leave the lab，make sure the electricity （ turn）off
and the windows are shut.
（2）［词汇复现］The incident （report）to the prison governor yesterday.
（3） The winners will （announce）by the committee.
（4）［词汇复现］The textbooks （give）out to the students at present.
（5） The old wallpapers were （remove）then.
（6） The writer’s new novel hasn’t （publish）yet.
（7） The host said the bread which had just （cook）was made of corn.
（8）［词汇复现］The farmer said the crops would （harvest）in a week.
（9）［词汇复现］The application must （make） within twenty-four hours，
or it will not （attend）to.
（10）［词汇复现］Lost health may never （replace）.
is turned
was reported
be announced
are being given
being removed
been published
been cooked
be harvested
be made
be attended
be replaced
（11）［词汇复现］Your debt should have （pay）off by last week.
（12）［词汇复现］How many journalists are going to （send） there?
（13）This opera is to （perform）next month.
（14）［词汇复现］Mr Smith got drunk and had to （carry）home.
◆句型转换（改为被动语态）
（15）You should pay attention to your pronunciation and spelling.
→ Your pronunciation and spelling should ____________________.
been paid
be sent
be performed
be carried
be paid attention to
要点二 被动语态的用法
◆用法归纳 被动语态主要用于以下场合：
（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没必要 指明谁是动作的执行者时。
（2）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
（3）为了表示委婉的语气或礼貌，避免提 及动作的执行者或说话者自己时。
（4）在文章标题、广告、新闻等中。
（5）动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。
◆学法点拨
·主动变为被动时注意双宾语的变化。
·主动变为被动时，宾语成主语；（作补语的）不定式前需加to（位置不变）。
·短语动词变被动语态时，不可漏掉后面的介词或副词。
·当句子谓语为say，believe，expect， think，know，write，consider，report 等时，被动语
态有两种形式：（1）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。
（2） 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。
类似句型有： It is said/known/suggested/hoped/ believed/thought that...
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］It is a widespread belief that printing （introduce） into
Europe from China.
（2）［词汇复现］Many trees have been planted to prevent the soil from ____________
（blow）away.
（3） Everybody （expect）to obey the following rules.
（4） Girls （want）.
◆单句写作
（5）［词汇复现］We （感到震惊）the news of the photographer’s
death.
was introduced
being blown
is expected
were shocked by
（are） wanted
◆把以下句子由主动语态变成被动语态
（6） My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.
→ I （by my friend） on my birthday.
→ An interesting book （by my friend） on my birthday.
（7） She took good care of the children.
→ The children （by her）.
（8） The boss made him work all day long.
→ He all day long（by the boss）.
（9） People know paper was made in China first.
→ Paper in China first.
→ in China first.
（10）People say he is a smart boy.
→ He is said a smart boy.
→ he is a smart boy.
was given an interesting book
was given to me
were taken good care of
was made to work
was known to be made
It is known that paper was made
to be
It is said that
要点三 主动形式表示被动含义
◆用法归纳
（1）当 feel，look，smell，taste，sound 等后 面接形容词时。
（2）当 cut，read，sell，wear，write，wash 等作为不及物动词表示主语内在“品质” 或“性能”时。
（3）当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、 启动”等意义时。
（4）当happen，occur，break out，take place， shut off，turn off，work out 等动词（短语）
表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。
（5）want，require，need 后面的动名词用 主动形式表示被动含义。
（6）be worth doing 用主动形式表示被动 意义。
（7）在“be＋形容词＋to do”中，不定式的 逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动形式表被动意义。
（8）too...to... 句型有时表示被动含义。
（9）be to blame（受谴责），be to rent（出租） 也用主动形式表被动。
◆学法点拨 get/be drunk，get/be lost，get/be caught in， get/be dressed 等以get 为连系动词的被
动结构和be 的被动语态表示主动意义。
◆单句写作
（1） The fish （闻起来不错）.
（2） This kind of cloth （易洗）.
（3） My pen （写起来流畅）.
（4） The door won’t （锁不上）.
（5） The boots （耐穿）long.
（6） This type of refrigerator （销路很好）.
（7） The desk is too heavy for Mary （搬动）.
（8） The plan （被成功制定出）.
（9） The lamps on the wall （关闭）.
（10）This kind of water isn’t （适合饮用）.
smells good
washes easily
writes smoothly
lock
wear
sells well
to move
worked out carefully
turned off
fit to drink
（11）The girl isn’t easy （容易相处）.
（12）The cleaner （有许多工作要做）.
（13）［词汇复现］The passers-by gave the poor boy （一些吃的）.
（14）［词汇复现］The salesgirl thinks English is not （难学）.
◆判断哪是系表结构，哪是被动语态
（15）The book was sold by a certain bookstore. ____________
（16）The book is sold well. ____________
to get along with
has a lot of work to do
something to eat
difficult to learn
被动语态
系表结构
(共15张PPT)
Unit 11 The Media
Communication Workshop，Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
核心词汇
词汇一 against prep. 反对，违反；靠，倚；与……比赛/ 竞争
◆教材原句
Many people have been against the idea from the start. 许多人从一开始就反对这个主意。
◆要点必记
be against（doing）sth. 反对（做）某事 be for（doing）sth. 赞成（做）某事
play against 与……打比赛 fight against 跟……斗争
◆单句写作
（1） （尽管反对我的观点），the old professor didn’t come
up with his own.
（2）［词汇复现］She is willing to （与……打比赛）any tough（强劲的）
player.
题组练·领悟方法
Although against my opinion
play against
词汇二 go ahead with sth. 着手做某事，开始做某事
◆教材原句
However，the government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.
然而，政府正打算明年开始修建（新机场）。
◆要点必记
go ahead with the plan 开始实施这一计划
◆归纳拓展
go ahead 走在……前面；进行；（交际用语中用于回答别人的请求）好吧，做吧
go by 经过；过去 go in for 参加（考试）；酷爱
go off 爆炸；发出响声；（食物等）变质 go on 前进；进行（=go along）；继续
go through 经历；做完；通过；被批准 go against 反对；违背；对……不利
go down 下降；坠落
◆单句写作
（1） The government intends to （开始实施）its reform plan.
（2） —Could I use this dictionary?
—Just （用吧）. It’s a spare（多余的）one.
（3） The building of the new dormitory will ____________________（按计划进行）.
（4） The host stood back to let guests （走在……前面）him.
◆单句语法填空
（5） — I’ve considered studying growing plants as one of my interests. Could you make some
suggestions?
— Go right .
（6） The boring days seemed to go very slowly.
（7） The thieves ran away when the alarm went .
go ahead with
go ahead
go ahead as planned
go ahead of
ahead
by
off
词汇三 in one’s opinion 按照某人的看法，在某人看来
◆教材原句
However，in my opinion，it will ruin... 然而，在我看来，它会破坏……
◆要点必记 give/express one’s opinion on 对……发表意见
keep your opinions to yourself 保留自己的观点
have an ill opinion of... 对……有不好的评价
have a good opinion of oneself 自视甚高；自信；自高自大
have a high/low opinion of... 对……的评价很高/ 甚低
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］ my opinion，it’s better not to announce it now.
（2） He expressed his opinion global warming at the conference.
◆单句写作
（3） （在我看来），your proposal was quite suitable for the specific situation.
（4） It’s evident that the boss （对她评价很高）.
has a very high opinion of her
In my opinion
In
on
词汇四 affect v. （1）影响 （2）感染，感动
◆教材原句
No matter what the government says，it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.
不管政府说什么，显然机场也会对我们的健康产生影响。
◆要点必记 be affected by 被……感动；被……影响/侵袭
be affected with a high fever 发高烧
affect sb. to tears 把某人感动得流泪
affection n. 喜爱；爱慕
◆词语辨析 affect，effect 与 influence
·affect vt. 产生不良影响，强调“影响”的动作。
·effect n. & vt. 实现，达成，强调造成一种特殊的效果（have an effect on 对……有影响）。
·influence n. & vt. 通过说服、举例等对另一方的行动、思想、性格等产生潜移默化的
影响（have an influence on 对……有影响）。
◆单句语法填空
（1）With the government’s aid，those （affect）by the earthquake have moved to the
new settlement.
（2） The worst tornado（龙卷风）of all time occurred in 1925， （affect）several
US states.
（3） The book on health has a good effect the children as well as the adults.
◆单句写作
（4） Too much smoking and drinking （影响）him greatly，which meant bad living
habits （对……有影响）his health.
（5） 飓风严重影响了这一地区。
___________________________________________
_______________________________________________
◆辨析填空（affect/effect/influence）
（6）They are determined to their plan though it has been much by the
current conditions.
（7）［词汇复现］The spokesman me to accept the idea.
affected
affecting
on
affected
had an effect on
The hurricane seriously affected this district.
The hurricane had a serious effect on this district.
effect
affected
influenced
词汇五 harmful adj. 有害的
◆教材原句
Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful to people...
空气污染会更严重，这将会对人们有害……
◆要点必记
（1）be harmful to 对……有害（=do harm to）
（2）harm n. & vt. 伤害；损害
do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人
cause harm to sb. 伤害某人
mean no harm to 对……没有恶意
There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。
（3）harmless adj. 无害的；无辜的 harmful adj. 有害的
◆单句语法填空
（1）Many people hold the view that we should preserve the old custom of setting off firecrackers
during festivals，while at the same time making them （harm）.
（2） It’s （harm）for the students’ overall review if a teacher predicts the test.
◆单句写作
（3）Watching violent scenes on TV （对……有害）children.
（4） If used improperly，the medicine will__________________________________________
（对你造成伤害）.
◆句型转换
（5） They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but it doesn’t do any harm to try your
fortune.
→ They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but in trying your
fortune.
harmless
harmful
is harmful to/does harm to
cause harm to you/do harm to you/do you
harm/be harmful to you
there’s no harm
词汇六 interrupt v. 插嘴，打扰，使中断
◆教材原句
Can I interrupt a moment? 我可以打断一会儿吗？
◆要点必记
interrupt...with... 因……打断…… be interrupted by 被……打断
◆词语积累
interruption n. 打断；中止
without interruption 连续地；不断地
◆一言助记
The noise in the street was disturbing his study，and a knock at the door interrupted his
thought. 街上的噪音正干扰着他的学习，并且一阵敲门声打断了他的思路。
disturb 侧重“打扰”，interrupt 侧重“打断”。
◆单句语法填空
（1）Will you stop （interrupt）me when I’m talking?
（2） I am not accustomed to （interrupt）when studying or working，
so please remember this and don’t do it again.
◆单句写作
（3） She tried to explain what had happened but he （不断打断）her.
（4） Let’s go somewhere we can talk （连续地）.
◆辨析填空（interrupt/disturb）
（5） In order not to be ，I spent three hours locked alone in my study.
（6） The game was several times by rain.
interrupting
being interrupted
kept interrupting
without interruption
disturbed
interrupted
词汇七 wonder（1）v. 觉得好奇；想知道
（2）n.［U］惊讶，惊奇；［C］奇迹，奇观，奇事
◆教材原句
For many years，people have been wondering why they refuse to change their size.
许多年来，人们一直纳闷他们为什么拒绝改变大小。
◆要点必记 in wonder 惊奇地
no wonder 怪不得，难怪
do/work wonders 产生奇迹，有惊人的效果
It is no wonder that...=No wonder that... 难怪……
It’s a wonder that... 令人惊奇的是……
I wonder if/whether... 我想知道是否……
◆一言助记 He was wandering around the pyramid， wondering how on earth this wonder
was built. 他在金字塔四周徘徊，想知道这一奇观究竟是怎样建成的。
◆单句语法填空
（1） Excuse me，I wonder there is a post office around where I can mail something.
（2） Coral reefs are among the natural （wonder）of the world.
（3） Nowadays，there are still many people （wonder） when the earth came into
existence（产生）.
◆单句写作
（4） —Linda is busy with her project lately.
—Oh! （怪不得）I haven’t seen her these days.
（5） With his subtle acting， （难怪） he became known as the little
tramp.
（6） Her new diet and exercise programme have_____________________（产生奇效）for her.
if/whether
wonders
wondering
No wonder
it was no wonder that
worked/done wonders
重点句式
句式一 It is clear that... 显然……
◆教材原句
No matter what the government says， it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.
不管政府说什么，显然机场也会对我们的健康产生影响。
◆要点必记
It is clear that... “显然……”，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
◆归纳拓展
用it 作形式主语代替that 从句的句型主要有以下几类：
（1）It is +形容词（necessary/likely/important/ uncertain 等）+ that 从句.
（2）It is + 名词（短语）（a pity/a shame/no wonder/no surprise 等）+ that 从句.
（3）It is + 过去分词（said/reported/decided/ believed 等）+ that 从句.
◆单句语法填空
（1） It is quite clear those soldiers were firing in self-defence.
（2） is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］ （很遗憾）the editor can’t come.
（4）［词汇复现］ （据报道）the unemployment rate has dropped.
（5）［词汇复现］ （是真的）the budget for photography has been cut.
（6）［词汇复现］ （据说）the astronomer ______________________________
（已对……做出巨大的贡献）the environmental protection.
that
It
It is a pity that
It is reported that
It is true that
It is said that
has made great contributions to
