Section
Ⅲ Learning
about
Language
&
Using
Language
departure
n．
出发；离开
crew
n.
(轮船、飞机等上的)
工作人员；(工作)队
deposit_
vt.
放；(把钱)存入银行
dilemma
n.
进退两难的局面
drawback
n.
缺点；障碍
tear
vt.
扯破；撕破
foresee
vt.
预见；预知
routine
n.
常规；日常事务
thirst
n.
渴；口渴
tension
n.
紧张；不安；张力
11．incident
n.
事件；事变
12．compulsory
adj.
必须做的；必修的
13．survival
n.
生存；幸存
14．gradual
adj.
逐渐的；逐步的
15．reform
n.
改革；革新
set
loose
出发；开始
due
to
因为；由于
in
addition
而且，另外
after
all
毕竟；终究
take
one’s
minds
off
转移某人的注意力
Read
the
passage
and
tell
the
following
statements
True
(T)
or
False
(F)．
The
“Bounty”
ship
was
taken
over
by
some
of
the
crew
as
soon
as
they
departed.(
)
“I”
joined
the
captain
in
the
small
boat
finally.(
)
The
captain
was
as
weak
as
the
rest
of
us
so
he
decided
to
give
up.(
)
4．We
became
heroes
who
completed
the
greatest
navigational
feat
of
all
time.(
)
It
was
the
captain
that
kept
us
alive.(
)
答案：1－5.TTFTT
He
carried
out
compulsory
dietary
reforms
that
were
copied
by
many
other
ship
captains.
他实施了一些被其他许多船长仿效的强制性的饮食改革。
①Our
society
needs
reform.
我们的社会需要改革。
[自我探究]
reform是名词，意思是改革；革新。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
reform
v．
改革；(使)改正；悔改
reform
the
social
system
改革社会体制
reform
sb.
改造某人，使某人悔改
reform
one’s
ways/habits
改变某人的作风/习惯
②The
law
needs
to
be
reformed.
法律需要进行改革。
③The
reformed
man
was
accepted
by
society
again.
这个改过自新的人再次被社会所接受。
[巧学活用]——翻译句子
(1)政府进行了许多必要的改革。
________________________________________________________________________
(2)有迹象表明他在变好。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)The
government
made
many
needed
reforms.
(2)There
are
signs
that
he’s
reforming.
On
our
departure
from
Tahiti，some
of
the
crew
took
over
the
ship.
我们刚从塔希提岛启程，一些船员就占有了船只。
(1)departure
from
①They
had
received
no
news
of
him
since
his
departure
from
the
island. 自从他离开这座岛屿后，他们再也没有得到过他的消息。
[自我探究]
departure
from是名词短语，意为从……离开。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
depart
vt.
离开，离去；起程；出发
depart
for...
动身去……
depart
from
sth.
背离/违反某物
②His
sudden
departure
threw
the
office
into
chaos.
他的突然离开使这个部门陷入一片混乱。
③We
departed
for
London
at
10：00
a．m.
我们上午10点钟动身去伦敦。
④The
10：15
train
to
Leeds
departs
from
Platform
4.
10点15分开往利兹的火车在第4站台离开。
(2)crew
①The
“crews”
were
made
up
of
bankers
and
doctors. 船员由银行家和医生组成。
[自我探究]
crew是名词，表示全体船员。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
crew
n．
(轮船、飞机等上的)工作人员；(工作)队
②None
of
the
passengers
and
crew
were
injured.
没有一个乘客和机组人员受伤。
crew是一个集体名词，在英语中类似的单词还有很多，如：family，class，team，public，group，company，enemy，party，club，audience，government，crowd，committee等。如果它们被看作整体，谓语动词用单数，如着重强调组成该集体的成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。
③His
family
is
big.
他家人口多。(强调整体)
④His
family
are
teachers.
他的家人都是老师。(强调个体)
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)她一直等到所有的顾客离开商店。
She
waited
until
all
the
customers________________the
store.
(2)尽管飞机失事，但机上所有的乘务人员都获救了。
All
the
crew
in
the
plane________________though
the
plane
crashed.
答案：(1)had
departed
from
(2)were
saved
They
deposited
the
captain
into
a
small
boat
to
let
him
find
his
own
way
home.
他们把船长放在一条小船里，让他自己想办法回家。
①He
deposited
the
books
on
the
table.
他把书放在桌子上。
②She
deposited
three
thousand
dollars
in
her
savings.
她在存款账号上存入了3
000美元。
[自我探究]
deposit是及物动词，意为放置；存放；存储。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)deposit
sth.in
sth.
把某物放在某处；把某物放在某物里面
deposit
sth.with
sb./sth.
把某物寄放在某人/某物处
(2)deposit
n.
订金，押金
pay
a
deposit
on
sth.
付某物的订金/押金
③Some
insects
deposited
their
eggs
on
the
ground.有些昆虫把卵产在土里。
④You
can
deposit
your
pet
dog
with
me
while
travelling
abroad.
你在国外旅游期间可以把宠物狗寄放在我家。
⑤We
have
paid
a
5%
deposit
on
the
house.
我们已支付了房款的5%作为订金。
⑥Deposits
can
be
made
at
any
branch.
在任何一家分行都可以存款。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)在英国，当你买车时，它们通常要求你付100英镑作为订金。
They
normally
ask
you
to________________
in
Britain
when
you
buy
a
car.
(2)旅客可将贵重物品寄放在旅馆保险柜里。
Guests
may________________in
the
hotel
safe.
答案：(1)pay
￡100
(as
a)
deposit
(2)deposit
their
valuables
The
captain
used
a
system
called
“dead
reckoning”．
船长使用了一个叫做“航位推算”的系统。
①The
TV
audience
in
China
is
reckoned
at
800
million.
中国的电视观众估计有8亿人。
②He
reckoned
up
the
bill.
他把清单(上的各个项目)合计了一下。
[自我探究]
reckon是动词，意为计算，估计。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
be
reckoned
to
be＝be
generally
considered
to
be
被普遍认为；被看作是……
reckon
to
do
sth.
预计做某事
reckon
sth.at
...
估计某物为……
reckon
on
sth.
指望，依赖
reckon
up
sth.
统计，合计
reckon
with
sb./sth.
重视、认真处理某人/物
reckon
without
sb./sth.
没考虑到某人/物；不把某人/某物计算在内
③I
reckon
(that)
I’m
going
to
get
that
job.
我认为我会得到那份工作。
④Children
are
reckoned
to
be
more
confident
nowadays.
人们认为今天的孩子们比过去更自信。
⑤They
reckoned
to
finish
the
project
by
this
weekend.
他们预计本周末完成这项工程。
⑥The
age
of
the
earth
is
reckoned
at
about
4，600
million
years.
估计地球的年龄大约为46亿年。
⑦We’d
reckoned
on
having
good
weather.
我们原指望会有好天气。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)他们没有料到会遭到坚决反对。
They
had____________________the
determination
of
the
opposition.
(2)他是一个不能忽视的人。
He
is
a
person____________________．
(3)我没有考虑到塞车会这么严重。
I
didn’t
____________________caught
up
in
so
much
traffic.
答案：(1)reckoned
without
(2)to
be
reckoned
with
(3)reckon
with
getting
Our
clothes
were
torn，we
had
fever
and
our
faces
showed
the
hardships
we
had
suffered.
我们的衣服被撕破，我们发着高烧，我们的面容因历经磨难而显得异常憔悴。
①Tom
has
torn
his
trousers
on
a
nail.
汤姆的裤子被钉子挂破了。
②He
was
badly
beaten，and
his
clothes
were
torn.
他被打得很厉害，衣服也破了。
[自我探究]
torn是
tear的过去分词，意为撕破，弄破。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
tear
sth.apart
把某物撕毁
tear
at
sth.
把某物撕裂/扯开
tear
oneself
away
from
sth.
某人依依不舍地离开，忍痛离去
tear
sth.away
from
sth.
把某物从某处拿走
tear
sth.down
拆毁，拆除(建筑物，墙等)
tear
into
sb./sth.
攻击/痛斥/抨击某人/物
tear
sth.up
撕毁，撕碎(文件等)
③The
dogs
tore
the
fox
apart.
这几条狗把那只狐狸撕成了碎片。
④She
was
unable
to
tear
her
eyes
away
from
him.她恋恋不舍地望着他。
⑤They
tore
the
old
buildings
down.
他们拆除了旧楼。
⑥They
tore
into
their
food
as
if
they
were
starving.
他们狼吞虎咽地吃起饭来，就像饿坏了似的。
⑦She
tore
up
all
the
letters
he
gave
her.
她把他寄给她的信都撕了。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
尽管那个女孩的妈妈叫她吃饭，但她还是依依不舍地无法离开电视。
The
girl
was
unable
to__________________from
TV
though
her
mother
asked
her
to
have
dinner.
答案：tear
herself
away
On
our
departure
from
Tahiti，some
of
the
crew
took
over
the
ship.
我们刚从塔希提岛启程，一些船员就占有了船只。
①On
his
arriving，we
began
our
meeting.
他一到达，我们就开始开会。
[自我探究]
on/upon＋n./doing意思是一……就……；此介词短语在句中作时间状语，它表示的动作与主句的动作连续进行。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
on/upon＋n./doing“一……就……”，意义同as
soon
as，但as
soon
as是连词，引导时间状语从句。
②On
arrival
at
reception，guests
should
sign
the
visitors’
book.＝As
soon
as
the
guests
arrive，they
should
sign
the
visitors’
book.
客人一到接待处，就要在来宾签名簿上签名。
③On
the
general’s
command，all
soldiers
must
salute.＝As
soon
as
all
soldiers
hear
the
general’s
command，they
must
salute.
听到将军的口令，全体士兵必须立即敬礼。
You
could
not
imagine
a
more
disturbing
sight
than
what
we
looked
like
when
arriving
in
Timor
over
forty
days
after
being
set
loose
in
our
small
boat.
你简直无法想象我们被放逐在小船上漂泊了40天后在帝汶岛登陆时的凄惨样子。
①I
have
not
seen
a
better
place
than
this
village.
我从来没有见过比这里更好的村庄。
[自我探究]
not...more...表面是比较级，但意义上是最高级，意为没有比这更……(即这是最……)。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
not...more...是否定词和比较级连用表示最高级的用法，意思是：再怎么样都不过分；没有比这更……的了。
②No
one
could
be
better
than
him.
没有人比他更好了。
③I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
我完全同意你的意见。
④You
can’t
praise
him
more
for
saving
the
little
girl.
因为救了这个小女孩，你再怎么表扬他都不过分。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
——这部电影怎么样？
——非常有趣。我从没看过比这个更好的。
—How
do
you
like
the
film
—Very
interesting.________________________．
答案：I
have
never
seen
a
better
one
课时作业5
单句语法填空
1．Shortly
after
the
movie
was
previewed，some
critics
____________(foresee)
its
comments
from
the
audiences.
答案：foresaw
2．David
was
quite
____________(thirst)
for
a
bicycle
race
from
parents
as
a
Christmas
gift.
答案：thirsty
3．Knowing
their
parents’
income，they
will
realize
their
____________
(hard)
in
supporting
the
family.
答案：hardships
4．Many
refugees
are
____________
(starve)
to
death
every
day
for
lack
of
food
in
Africa.
答案：starved
5．The
ship
sank
into
the
sea，only
a
few
passengers
____________
(survival)．
答案：survived
6．China’s
Ministry
of
Education
has
made
English
____________
compulsory
course
in
most
elementary
schools.
答案：a
7．The
incident
occurred
____________
Smith
entered
the
school
building
with
his
girlfriend.
答案：when
8．He
made
an
attempt
to
____________(clarification)the
misunderstanding
about
the
origin
of
the
language.
答案：clarify
9．Three
days
after
his
returning
home，he
left
again.His
____________(depart)
was
unexpected.
答案：departure
10．A
security
officer
at
the
factory，who
declined
____________
(give)
his
name，said
he
had
seen
two
men
leave
the
building.
答案：to
give
阅读理解
A
In
2013
alone
at
least
20，000
African
elephants
were
killed
for
their
teeth.In
South
Africa
over
the
last
two
years
more
than
2，200
rhinos
were
killed
for
their
horns.These
numbers
are
alarming，because
current
rates
of
illegal
hunting
are
faster
than
birth
rates，which
could
lead
to
extinction
of
these
ecologically
important
creatures
in
the
environment.Indeed，some
elephant
and
rhino
populations
are
on
track
to
be
locally
extinct
within
the
next
decade.
If
you
are
reading
this，you
may
already
be
aware
of
these
facts.But
you
might
not
know
that
wildlife
trafficking(非法交易)
not
only
threatens
the
existence
of
elephants
and
rhinos
but
is
also
leading
to
extinction
of
other
species，such
as
tigers，tortoises，sea
turtles，and
the
world’s
most
trafficked
mammal(哺乳动物)—pangolins.
Pangolins
are
the
only
mammals
that
are
entirely
covered
in
tough
scales(鳞)，which
makes
them
look
very
strong.But
actually
they
are
endangered
mammals.There
are
eight
different
species
of
pangolins，four
in
Asia
and
four
in
Africa，and
all
are
threatened
with
extinction.Although
pangolins
are
protected
throughout
most
of
the
countries
where
they
live，high
demand
in
East
Asia，where
the
delicious
pangolin
meat
is
considered
a
delicacy
and
where
their
scales
are
used
in
traditional
medicines，is
driving
an
illegal
trade
in
both
live
animals
and
pangolin
parts.The
number
of
pangolin
trafficking
is
shocking.Experts
believe
that
over
the
last
10
years
more
than
1
million
pangolins
were
taken
from
the
wild.It
is
estimated
that
between
40，000
and
81，250
pangolins
were
killed
for
the
illegal
trade
in
2013
alone.
In
February，the
United
States
released
a
plan
to
deal
with
wildlife
trafficking，which
lays
out
the
steps
we
will
take
to
fight
the
illegal
trade
in
wildlife，including
pangolins.We
are
strengthening
the
carrying
out
of
the
plan；building
international
cooperation
and
contribution
to
protect
wildlife；raising
awareness
to
drive
down
the
demand
that
is
fuelling
the
illegal
trade.
Get
involved
and
remember
World
Wildlife
Day
(March
3)
by
spreading
the
plan.Use
social
media
and
tell
everyone
that
now
it
is
time
to
get
serious
about
wildlife
crime
and
end
the
demand
that
threatens
species，big
and
small，from
the
huge
elephant
to
the
shy
pangolin.
【解题导语】 由于人们的捕猎，一些物种濒临灭绝。本文号召人们行动起来，保护濒危物种。
1．How
many
endangered
creatures
are
mentioned
in
the
passage
A．4.
B．5.
C．6.
D．7.
C 解析：
细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，文章提到了大象、犀牛、老虎、陆龟、海龟、穿山甲六种濒临灭绝的动物。故选C项。
2．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
Paragraph
3
A．Eight
species
of
pangolins
live
on
the
same
continent.
B．Pangolins
are
not
protected
in
most
of
their
natural
habitats.
C．The
scales
of
pangolins
can
be
used
as
an
ingredient
for
cooking.
D．High
demand
contributes
to
the
illegal
trade
of
pangolins
in
East
Asia.
D 解析：
正误判断题。根据第三段中的“high
demand
in
East
Asia...is
driving
an
illegal
trade
in
both
live
animals
and
pangolin
parts”可知，高需求导致了东亚穿山甲非法交易的发生，即D项正确。
3．What
can
we
know
about
the
plan
released
by
the
US
A．Social
media
will
be
used
to
spread
World
Wildlife
Day.
B．Whether
the
plan
will
be
worked
out
remains
to
be
seen.
C．The
US
will
work
together
with
other
countries
to
protect
wildlife.
D．More
and
more
people
are
advised
to
increase
their
needs
of
pangolins.
C 解析：
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“We
are
strengthening
the
carrying
out
of
the
plan；building
international
cooperation
and
contribution
to
protect
wildlife；raising
awareness
to
drive
down
the
demand
that
is
fuelling
the
illegal
trade.”可知，美国将联合其他国家保护野生动物，即C项正确。
4．What
is
the
author’s
intention
of
writing
the
passage
A．To
inform
us
something
about
World
Wildlife
Day.
B．To
raise
awareness
of
protecting
endangered
wildlife.
C．To
explain
why
pangolins
are
illegally
traded
in
East
Asia.
D．To
show
how
the
United
States
is
to
fight
the
illegal
trade
in
wildlife.
B 解析：
目的意图题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是增强人们保护濒危物种的意识，即B项正确。
B
Beijing—With
the
safe
return
to
Earth
on
Wednesday
of
three
astronauts
after
a
successful
15-day
mission，China
moved
a
step
closer
to
realizing
its
space
dream，which
includes
operating
a
space
station
by
2020.
Wang
Zhaoyao，director
of
the
China
Manned
Space
Agency，released
a
more
detailed
outline
for
the
manned
space
program.He
said
in
Beijing
the
manned
space
program
will
launch
the
Tiangong 2
space
laboratory
around
2015，and
an
experimental
core
space
station
module
around
2018.The
aim
is
to
build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
by
2020.Between
2015
and
2020，a
string
of
cargo(货物)
and
manned
spacecraft
will
be
launched
to
deliver
supplies
and
transport
astronauts
to
the
space
lab
and
space
station，he
said.
Wang
did
not
say
how
much
will
be
spent
on
the
forthcoming
missions，but
said
the
Shenzhou
X
mission
that
ended
on
Wednesday
took
spending
on
the
manned
space
program
to
39
billion
yuan
since
it
was
started
in
1992.He
also
said
construction
of
a
new
launch
site
in
Hainan
province
and
development
of
two
new
types
of
launch
vehicle—both
crucial
elements(组成部分)
in
the
space
program’s
next
stage—have
made
smooth
progress.Yuan
Jie，deputy
general
manager
of
the
China
Aerospace
Science
and
Technology
Corp，said
the
new
site
will
see
the
launch
of
two
types
of
China’s
new-generation
carrier
rockets.
As
the
carrier
rockets
in
service
now
cannot
meet
demand
from
the
future
manned
space
station，the
large-thrust(推力)
Long
March 5
carrier
rocket，with
the
capacity
of
carrying
a
20-ton
payload(有效负荷)
in
near-Earth
orbit，will
send
space
station
modules
into
orbit，he
said.Meanwhile，the
medium-thrust
Long
March-7
launch
vehicle，with
a
carrying
capacity
of
13
tons
in
near-Earth
orbit，will
be
used
to
send
cargo
spacecraft
to
the
future
manned
space
station.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了中国的“航天梦”。
5．Which
of
the
following
may
be
the
best
title
of
the
news
report
A．Space
dream
one
step
closer
to
reality
B．The
space
lab
and
space
station
C．The
organization
of
the
China
Manned
Space
Agency
D．Two
types
of
China’s
new generation
carrier
rockets
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是开头：China
moved
a
step
closer
to
realizing
its
space
dream，which
includes
operating
a
space
station
by
2020.可得答案。
6．What
is
the
possible
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“crucial”
in
Para.3
A．Quite
safe.
B．Too
easy.
C．Rather
slow.
D．Very
important.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段提到的“大推力长征系列运载火箭”的作用和both所指代前面的内容，可推出是“关键的，非常重要的”意思。
7．The
purpose
of
the
manned
space
problem
is
to________.
A．launch
the
Tiangong-2
space
laboratory
B．build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
C．build
an
experimental
core
space
station
module
D．transport
astronauts
to
the
space
lab
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段：The
aim
is
to
build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
by
2020.可得答案。
8．The
Long
March-5
carrier
rocket
will
have
the
capacity
of
carrying________．
A．13
tons
B．20
tons
C．39
tons
D．60
tons
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的the
large-thrust(推力)
Long
March-5
carrier
rocket，with
the
capacity
of
carrying
a
20-ton
payload(有效负荷)
in
near-Earth
orbit可知答案。
七选五
Interruptions
are
one
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with
while
you’re
trying
to
get
work
done.
1.________，
there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things.Let’s
take
a
look
at
them
now.
2．________.
Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry
and
explain
that
you
have
a
million
things
to
do
and
then
ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.
When
people
try
to
interrupt
you，have
set
hours
planned
and
let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then.
3.________.
It
can
help
to
eliminate(消除)
future
interruptions.
When
you
need
to
talk
to
someone，don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office.
4.________，
it’s
much
easier
to
excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work
than
if
you
try
to
get
someone
out
of
your
space
even
after
explaining
how
busy
you
are.
If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.
5.________.
If
someone
knocks
and
it’s
not
an
important
matter,
excuse
yourself
and
let
the
person
know
you’re
busy
so
they
can
get
the
hint(暗示)
that
when
the
door
is
closed，you’re
not
to
be
disturbed.
A．If
you’re
busy,
don’t
feel
bad
about
saying
no
B．When
you
want
to
avoid
interruptions
at
work
C．Set
boundaries
for
yourself
as
far
as
your
time
goes
D．If
you’re
in
the
other
person’s
office
or
in
a
public
area
E．It’s
important
that
you
let
them
know
when
you’ll
be
available
F．It
might
seem
unkind
to
cut
people
short
when
they
interrupt
you
G．Leave
it
open
when
you’re
available
to
talk
and
close
it
when
you’re
not
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。
1．B 解析：根据上文的“Interruptions
are
one
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with”以及下文的“there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things”可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的方法。空处承上启下，应选B项。
2．A 解析：根据下文的“Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry...ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.”可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A项符合文意。
3．E 解析：根据上文的“let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then”及下文的“It
can
help
to...”可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E项。
4．D 解析：根据上文的“don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office”以及下文的“excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work”可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D项。
5．G 解析：根据本段的首句“If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.”以及下文的“when
the
door
is
closed”可知，G项符合文意。Section
Ⅳ Grammar
&
Writing
谓 语
妈妈每天早上起来给我们准备早餐。
My
mother
____________
early
every
day
and
prepares
breakfast
for
us.
答案：gets
up
骄兵必败。
Pride
____________
before
a
fall.
答案：goes
除非她邀请我，否则我不会去参加她的聚会。
I
____________
to
her
party
unless
invited.
答案：won’t
go
我正在写信。
I’m
____________
a
letter
now.
答案：writing
你知道他住哪儿吗？
Do
you
__________
where
he
__________？
答案：know；lives
[自我探究]
谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态，常由动词担任，置于主语之后。但在疑问句和倒装句中，谓语的语序例外。
一、谓语的定义
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
二、谓语的构成
简单谓语
由一个动词或动词短语构成的谓语叫简单谓语。
He
practises
speaking
English
every
morning.
他每天早上练习说英语。
Yesterday
afternoon
he
reached
Canada.
昨天下午他到达加拿大。
I
have
got
rid
of
my
bad
habits.
我已经改掉了我的坏习惯。
Mary
takes
good
care
of
her
mother.
玛丽细心照料她的母亲。
复合谓语
复合谓语有两种：动词性复合谓语和名词性复合谓语。
(1)动词性复合谓语是由情态动词(如may，can，must，should，have
to，ought
to，would，had
better等)和助动词(be，do，does，did，have等)加动词原形或动词短语构成的谓语。
You
may
keep
the
books
and
magazines
for
one
week.
这些书和杂志你可以借用一周。
You’d
better
not
go
out
at
night.
你晚上最好不要出门。
The
foreigner
has
caught
a
bad
cold.He
has
to
go
to
see
a
doctor.
这个老外患了重感冒。他必须去看医生。
She
doesn’t
seem
to
like
skating.
她似乎不喜欢滑冰。
We
are
going
to
call
on
him
tonight.
我们打算今晚去拜访他。
(2)名词性复合谓语是由系动词(如be，look，feel，sound，smell等)加表语构成的谓语。
①be(系动词)＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/数词等。
He
is
a
teacher
from
Beijing.
他是一位来自北京的老师。
I’m
very
happy
to
hear
what
he
said.
听到他说的话我很高兴。
He
was
out
when
I
called
him.
我给他打电话时，他在外面。
Our
school
is
at
the
foot
of
a
hill.
我们的学校在山脚下。
②look/sound/smell/taste/feel/become/turn/grow/get/go/seem/appear等半系动词＋形容词(表语)，这些词不用被动，也不用于进行时态。
This
kind
of
food
tastes
good
and
sells
well.
这种食物好吃，且销路好。
Milk
goes
bad
easily. 牛奶很容易变质。
He
looks
a
bit
excited. 他看上去有些激动。
谓语的五种基本句型
(1)主语＋系动词＋表语
(2)主语＋谓语(vi.)＋状语
(3)主语＋谓语(vt.)＋宾语
(4)主语＋谓语(vt.)＋双宾语
(5)主语＋谓语(vt.)＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Leaves
turn
green
in
spring. 春天树叶变绿。
The
project
ended
last
month. 工程上个月结束了。
He
answered
my
letters. 他给我写了回信。
Our
teacher
recommended
some
good
books
to
us/us
some
good
books.
老师给我们推荐了一些好书。
He
made
the
baby
cry
just
now.
刚才他把这个孩子弄哭了。
谓语的时态
谓语动词用不同的时态表示不同时间所发生的动作，动词通过不同形式的变化表示不同的时态。谓语动词的时态总共有十六种。现以动词work为例，列表如下：
时态
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
work/
works
working
worked
过去
worked
working
had
worked
had
been
working
将来
work
过去将来
work
谓语的语态
谓语分主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示谓语的动作或状态是由主语发出的；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。
(1)一般现在时的被动语态
All
the
employees
except
the
manager
are
encouraged
to
work
online
at
home.
除了经理之外的所有雇员都被鼓励在家在网上工作。
(2)一般过去时的被动语态
The
old
man
was
often
laughed
at.
那位老人经常受人嘲笑。
(3)一般将来时的被动语态
The
number
of
deaths
from
heart
disease
will
be
reduced
greatly
if
people
are
persuaded
to
eat
more
fruit
and
vegetables. 如果能够说服人们多吃水果和蔬菜，那么死于心脏病的人数就会大大减少。
(4)现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态
The
building
is
being
built.
这座楼正在被建设之中。
The
car
was
being
repaired
when
I
came
in.
我进来时那辆车正在被修理。
(5)现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态
Bad
habits
have
been
done
away
with.
坏习惯已经改掉了。
The
book
had
been
translated
into
three
languages
by
2015.
到2015年为止，这本书已经被译成了3种语言。
(6)用主动表示被动的几种情况：
①表示状态特征的系动词用主动表示被动，如：look，sound，feel，smell，taste，appear等。
The
silk
feels
soft. 这种丝绸感觉非常柔软。
②表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词，如：begin，start，end，open，close，stop，run，move等。
The
shop
opens
at
8
a．m.every
day.
这家商店每天早上八点开门。
③表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如：read，write，wash，sell，wear，lock，dry，shut，drink等。
This
kind
of
cloth
washes
well. 这种布很容易洗。
④表示“发生、进行”的一些不及物动词，汉语常误认为是及物动词的词，如：happen，take
place，break
out，come
out，last，come
true，run
out，turn
out等。
How
long
will
the
interview
last
这次面试将持续多长时间？
⑤作need，want，require，bear等词的宾语，用动词 ing形式的主动表示被动，相当于不定式的被动形式。
The
house
needs
repairing
(to
be
repaired)．
这所房子需要修理。
⑥worth后面跟动词 ing形式的主动表示被动，但不能跟不定式。
This
film
is
worth
seeing
a
second
time.(This
film
is
worthy
to
be
seen
a
second
time.)
这部电影值得看第二次。
⑦不定式在某些形容词(nice，easy，difficult，hard，important，pleasant，interesting，fit，unfit，light，heavy等)后作状语，且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动。
This
problem
is
difficult
to
work
out.
这个问题很难解决。
⑧不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且和该句的主语或宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式表示被动。
I’ll
give
the
children
some
books
to
read.
我将会给孩子们一些书读。
⑨rent，let，blame等词的不定式用主动形式表示被动。
Who
is
to
blame
for
the
accident
谁将为这次事故负责？
单句语法填空
—Did
you
tell
Julia
about
the
result
—Oh，no，I
forgot，I
____________(call)
her.
答案：will
call
That
your
friend
didn’t
offer
you
a
gift
on
your
birthday
____________(not
mean)
that
he
will
break
away
from
you.
答案：doesn’t
mean
The
old
man
____________(sleep)
when
I
came
in.
答案：was
sleeping
I
____________(tell)that
there
would
be
somebody
to
meet
me
at
the
station
but
there
wasn’t
any.
答案：was
told
Be
quick，the
door
____________(close)！You’ll
just
make
it
in
time.
答案：is
closing
The
old
woman
spoke
to
the
girl
again，raising
her
voice
a
bit，but
still
____________(receive)
no
answer.
答案：received
Don’t
tell
him
about
his
mother’s
illness
until
the
examination
____________(finish)．
答案：has
finished
After
the
injured
____________(rush)
to
the
hospital，doctors
and
nurses
immediately
got
down
to
____________(save)
their
lives.
答案：were
rushed；saving
John
has
gone
to
Shanghai，but
I’m
wondering
why
he
____________(leave)
in
such
a
hurry.
答案：left
By
the
year
she
comes
back
to
life，scientists
probably
____________(discover)
a
cure
for
this
incurable
disease.
答案：will
have
discovered
语法与写作
当时我在城外，所以不能确切地了解这是怎么发生的。
I
was
out
of
town
at
the
time，so
I
don’t
know
exactly
how
it
________________．
答案：happened
他姐姐1998年离开家，从那再没听到过她的消息。
His
sister
left
home
in
1998，and
________________________since.
答案：has
not
been
heard
of
——你好，Torry，我能在今天下午用一会儿你的电脑吗？
——对不起，电脑正修着呢。
—Hi，Torry，can
I
use
your
computer
for
a
while
this
afternoon
—Sorry.________________．
答案：It’s
being
repaired
我父母住在香港。他们在那出生，从没在别处居住过。
My
parents
____________
in
Hong
Kong.They
____________
born
there
and
____________
anywhere
else.
答案：live；were；have
never
lived
他正要开门，发现钥匙不见了。
When
he
____________
the
door，he
____________
his
keys
were
nowhere.
答案：was
to
open；found
语法填空
Humans
like
to
live
and
work
in
groups.Language
is
the
“cement”(胶合剂)1.____________holds
these
groups
together.Language
is
part
of
culture.Culture，in
this
sense，2.____________(mean)
all
those
customs，skills，and
attitudes
that
are
part
of
the
behavior
of
a
3.____________(particularly)group.The
way
you
live，what
you
think
4.____________what
you
want
in
life
are
all
affected
by
the
culture
of
the
group
in
which
you
5.____________(raise)．Groups
of
people
live
in
different
ways.They
may
have
different
skills，organizations，and
art
forms.Their
family
life
may
be
completely
different
from
yours.
Human
beings
are
inventive
animals.They
can
even
decide
to
change
their
cultures
in
order
to
meet
various
6.____________(situation)．Of
all
living
things，human
beings
are
the
7.____________(clever)．They
can
choose
8.____________(live)
in
many
environments
and
in
a
wide
variety
of
ways.Only
human
beings
can
choose
where
and
how
they
want
to
live
and
then
improve
the
physical
environment
to
help
9.____________
realize
these
choices.Acquiring
the
wisdom
to
make
wise
choices
10.____________(be)
the
lasting
challenge
of
being
human.
1．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。
空后的从句中缺少主语，空前是表示物的名词，故填that/which。
2．means 解析：考查动词。根据语境应用一般现在时，主语是culture，应用谓语动词的单数第三人称形式。故填means。
3．particular 解析：考查形容词。空后是名词，空前是冠词，应用形容词。故填particular。
4．and 解析：考查连词用法。根据前后句的关系判断填and。
5．are
raised 解析：考查时态和语态。根据语境应用一般现在时，you是raise的动作承受者。故填are
raised。
6．situations 解析：考查名词。根据空前的various“各种各样的”，应用名词复数形式。故填situations。
7．cleverest 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的of短语，表示范围，应用形容词的最高级。故填cleverest。
8．to
live 解析：考查非谓语动词。choose“选择”，后跟不定式，故填to
live。
9．themselves 解析：考查代词。根据前文的主语they判断填反身代词themselves。
10．is 解析：考查主谓一致。该句的主语是acquiring短语作主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填is。
如何写调查报告
eq
\a\vs4\al()
写作要求
针对火车站对火车票实行“实名制”，某网站进行了一项民意调查，下面的图表显示了该调查的结果。
请你写一篇100词左右的英语短文，简要介绍这个调查的结果，并谈谈你对火车票“实名制”售票的看法。
83% 赞成
防范票贩，解决“一票难求”的问题，维护铁路秩序与乘客的利益
10% 反对
旅客进站时“票、证、人”须全部相符，给没有身份证的旅客造成不便
7% 尚需观望
有时更难买到火车票了
参考词汇：实名售票制the
Real Name
train
ticket
selling
system;
票贩子scalper
eq
\a\vs4\al()
审题谋篇
1．本题是议论文写作，题材是关于火车票实行“实名制”的民意调查。
2．行文总体结构可以分为三段，第一段提出论点，第二段展开论述，第三段阐述自己的看法。
3．本题主体时态为一般现在时，中心人称为第三人称形式。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
写作要点
人们对火车票实行“实名制”意见不一。
People____________________________about
the
Real Name
train
ticket
selling
system.
答案：have
different
opinions
83%的人支持这一制度。
①Eighty three
percent
of
people
________________
the
system.
②Eighty three
percent
of
people
________________
the
system.
答案：①are
for/approve
of ②are
in
favour
of
他们认为实名制购买车票可以防止票贩，解决“一票难求”的问题，维护铁路秩序与乘客的利益。
①They
think
that
the
system
can
benefit
passengers
____________
the
railway
station，saying
that
tickets
____________
and
that
they
don’t
have
to
buy
tickets
from
scalpers.
②They
think
that
the
system
can
make
tickets
available
and
____________
the
railway
station
____________
passengers
can
benefit
from
it.
答案：①as
well
as；are
available
to
them ②not
only；but
also
他们认为实名制购买有时更难买到火车票了。
They
think
it
may
be
____________
for
passengers
to
buy
train
tickets.
答案：more
difficult
就我而言，我认为新的政策为乘客提供了购买火车票的公平的机会。
①________________________，I
hold
the
point
that
the
new
measure
provides
a
fair
chance
for
travelers
to
buy
train
tickets.
②____________，I
think
that
the
new
policy
________
a
fair
opportunity
to
buy
train
tickets
__________
passengers.
答案：①As
far
as
I’m
concerned ②In
my
opinion；offers；to
eq
\a\vs4\al()
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
People
have
different
opinions
about
the
Real Name
train
ticket
selling
system
according
to
a
survey.
The
survey
found
that
eighty three
percent
of
people
approve
of
the
system，which
benefits
passengers
as
well
as
the
railway
station，saying
that
tickets
are
available
to
them
and
that
they
don’t
have
to
buy
tickets
from
scalpers，who
are
blamed
for
worsening
the
ticket
shortage
problem.10%
of
them
are
against
it
in
that
only
by
showing
both
their
identity
cards
and
tickets
will
travelers
be
admitted，which
brings
about
much
inconvenience
for
those
who
have
no
cards
yet.Considering
that
it
may
be
more
difficult
for
passengers
to
buy
train
tickets，7%
of
them
think
it
still
takes
some
time
to
tell.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned，I
hold
the
point
that
the
new
measure
provides
a
fair
chance
for
travelers
to
buy
train
tickets.And
it
is
a
good
way
to
stop
scalpers
making
profits
from
selling
tickets.
课时作业6
单句语法填空
1．This
time
next
day
they
____________(sit)
in
the
cinema.
答案：will
be
sitting
2．All
the
wonderful
birds
can
____________(find)
in
our
Bird
Park.
答案：be
found
3．I
____________(give)
ten
minutes
to
decide
whether
I
should
accept
the
offer.
答案：was
given
4．What
you
said
____________(sound)
a
bit
reasonable.
答案：sounded
5．The
question
that
the
teacher
raised
was
difficult
for
me
____________(answer)．
答案：to
answer
6．When
you
finish
the
report,
I
____________(wait)
for
about
3
hours.
答案：will
have
waited
7．Great
as
Newton
was,
many
of
his
ideas
____________(challenge)
today
and
are
being
modified
by
the
work
of
scientists
of
our
time.
答案：have
been
challenged
8．We
____________(work)
on
this
project
for
over
a
month
now.
答案：have
been
working
9．The
old
man
____________(sit)
on
a
bench
in
the
quiet
park
and
look
at
others
for
hours
without
doing
anything
or
talking
to
anybody.
答案：would
sit
10．The
question
is
not
worth
____________(discuss)
again
and
again.
答案：discussing
阅读理解
A
Around
the
world，girls
do
better
than
boys
at
school.These
are
the
findings
of
a
recent
study
that
looked
at
the
test
results
of
1.5
million
15 year olds
in
74
regions
across
the
globe.The
level
of
gender
equality
in
those
regions
made
no
difference
to
the
results.Other
factors,
such
as
the
income
level
of
the
region
also
had
little
impact
on
the
findings.In
only
three
regions—Colombia,
Costa
Rica
and
the
Indian
state
Himachal
Pradesh—was
the
trend
reversed
with
boys
doing
better.
So
what
are
the
causes
of
girls’
stronger
performance？In
the
UK，girls
outperform
boys
in
exams
that
are
taken
at
the
age
of
15
or
16，called
GCSEs.According
to
education
expert
Ian
Toone，this
is
down
to
the
way
girls
and
boys
are
brought
up.“Boys
are
encouraged
to
be
more
active
from
an
early
age，while
the
restless
movements
of
baby
girls
are
pacified...Therefore，girls
develop
the
skill
of
sitting
still
for
longer
periods
of
time,
which
is
useful
for
academic
pursuits
like
studying
for
GCSEs.”
He
goes
on
to
say
that
boys
often
cluster
together
in
larger
groups
than
girls.Because
of
this
they
are
more
likely
to
be
influenced
by
peer
pressure
and
develop
a
gang
mentality.He
says
that
GCSEs
require
a
lot
of
solo
work
and
are
not
viewed
as
“cool”
in
a
laddish
culture.
This
is
backed
up
by
research
in
the
UK
that
says
girls
are
outperforming
boys
at
the
age
of
five.So
what
is
the
answer？Should
girls
and
boys
be
educated
separately？Or
do
exams
and
school
curricula
need
to
be
changed
to
better
reflect
boys’
skills？These
are
the
questions
facing
educators
in
many
countries.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，
在学校里，
女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好，
本文针对这个现象进行了分析。
1．What
can
we
learn
from
the
first
paragraph
A．Girls
outperform
boys
in
exams
in
most
cases.
B．Boys
do
better
in
school
in
poorer
areas.
C．Girls
do
better
if
they
are
socially
equal
to
boys.
D．Boys
are
not
working
hard
enough
in
exams.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Around
the
world，girls
do
better
than
boys
at
school.These
are
the
findings
of
a
recent
study
that
looked
at
the
test
results
of...”可知，
在大多数情况下，
在学校里，
女孩的考试成绩比男孩好。故选A。
2．According
to
Ian
Toone，what
might
account
for
the
phenomenon
A．Different
characters
and
personalities.
B．Different
attitudes
to
learning.
C．Different
ways
of
raising
children.
D．Different
methods
in
exams.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“According
to
education
expert
Ian
Toone，this
is
down
to
the
way
girls
and
boys
are
brought
up.”可知，
Ian
Toone认为女孩考试成绩比男孩好是因为男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同。故选C。
3．What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text
A．To
provide
answer
to
a
difficult
question.
B．To
raise
awareness
in
gender
differences.
C．To
advocate
separating
boys
and
girls.
D．To
change
school
curricula
to
benefit
boys.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读文章可知，
由于性别不同，
男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同，
所受环境的影响也不同，
所以女孩的考试成绩要比男孩高。作者在最后一段提出问题——是否应该将男孩和女孩分开来教育或者改革现在的考试及课程以便全面地提高教育质量。由此可知，
作者写这篇文章是为了让人们提高对性别差异的认识。故选B。
4．What
might
the
author
discuss
in
the
following
paragraphs
A．Education
reforms
in
some
countries.
B．Examples
of
boys’
achievement.
C．New
systems
of
examinations.
D．Advertisement
of
some
schools.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“These
are
the
questions
facing
educators
in
many
countries.”可以推出，
接下来作者应谈到为了解决这些教育问题，
一些国家所进行的教育改革。故选A。
B
I’ve
been
really
lucky
this
year.
Not
only
did
I
have
the
opportunity
to
live
in
France,
but
I
was
able
to
see
some
other
countries
with
my
girlfriend.
Now
she
is
studying
in
Essen,
a
large
city
in
Western
Germany.
I
recently
went
to
stay
with
her—it
was
my
first
visit
to
Germany!
Essen
is
a
very
large
city.
It
has
all
the
conveniences
of
any
large
city
so
I
felt
immediately
at
home.
I
loved
the
variety
of
shops,
restaurants,
shopping
malls,
cocktail
bars,
nightclubs,
parks
and
even
a
lake.
There
is
also
a
city wide
network
of
trams,
which
makes
getting
around
a
piece
of
cake!
I
found
the
people
to
be
really
friendly,
and
most
Germans
speak
very
good
English
which
made
life
easy
for
me.I
was
surprised
by
the
casual
attitude
to
alcohol
in
Germany,
where
it
seems
normal
for
people
to
drink
beer
on
the
street,
or
on
the
tram.
My
girlfriend
and
I
visited
two
famous
local
cities，Düsseldorf
and
Cologne,
which
are
both
on
the
Rhine
River.Düsseldorf
is
an
urban
metropolis
with
a
great
variety
of
restaurants.
We
took
a
boat
tour
on
the
river
and
went
up
the
Rhine
Tower,
a
really
tall
building
which
offers
great
views
across
the
city.
Cologne,
as
you
might
know,
is
world famous
for
its
perfumes.
The
cathedral
there
is
an
unmissable
landmark.
We
made
the
effort
to
climb
to
the
top
of
one
of
the
cathedral’s
towers.
The
spiral(螺旋的)
stairs
seemed
endless，but
it
was
worthwhile
for
the
impressive
sights
from
the
top.
We
also
went
in
a
cable
car
over
the
river
and
tasted
a
German
delicacy
called
“Spaghettieis”
which
is
ice
cream
with
strawberry
sauce!
I
also
got
to
try
the
famous
German
sausage.
I
must
admit,
I
really
enjoyed
the
food!
The
only
disappointment
was
the
grey
and
rainy
weather,
which
proves
that
Britain
does
not
have
the
worst
weather
in
Europe!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象。
5．Why
did
the
writer
feel
lucky
this
year
A．He
will
have
a
chance
to
live
in
Germany.
B．He
met
his
girlfriend
in
France
by
chance.
C．He
got
an
opportunity
of
learning
in
Germany.
D．He
was
able
to
live
in
France
and
visit
other
countries.
D 解析：
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Not
only
did
I
have
the
opportunity
to
live
in
France，but
I
was
able
to
see
some
other
countries
with
my
girlfriend.”可知，作者认为自己今年幸运是因为他不但有机会在法国生活，而且也能和女朋友一起参观几个其他的国家。故选D项。
6．What
do
Düsseldorf
and
Cologne
have
in
common
A．They
are
both
famous
for
unique
perfumes.
B．They
both
serve
traditional
German
sausage.
C．They
both
have
many
towers
with
a
long
history.
D．They
both
offer
wonderful
views
from
the
tower
top.
D 解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Düsseldorf...went
up
the
Rhine
Tower,
a
really
tall
building
which
offers
great
views
across
the
city.”以及“We
made
the
effort
to
climb
to
the
top
of
one
of
the
cathedral’s
towers...but
it
was
worthwhile
for
the
impressive
sights
from
the
top.”可知，两座城市都能让人从塔顶欣赏到美景。故选D项。
7．According
to
the
writer,
which
country
has
the
worst
weather
in
Europe
A．Britain.
B．Germany.
C．France.
D．Italy.
B 解析：
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The
only
disappointment
was
the
grey
and
rainy
weather,
which
proves
that
Britain
does
not
have
the
worst
weather
in
Europe！”可知，作者对德国阴沉、多雨的天气感到失望，并表示这证明了英国不是欧洲天气最糟的国家。由此可推知作者认为在欧洲天气最差的国家为德国。故选B项。
8．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．An
Unforgettable
Trip
B．A
Guide
to
Germany
C．My
First
Visit
to
Germany
D．A
Brief
Introduction
of
Germany
C 解析：
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象，故C项最能概括文章的大意。
语法填空
She
looks
like
any
other
schoolgirl,
fresh faced
and
full
of
life.
Sarah
Thomas
is
looking
forward
to
the
challenge
of
her
new
A level
course.
But
unlike
her
school
friends
，16 year old
Sarah
is
not
spending
half term
1.____________(rest).
Instead,
she
is
earning
￡6，500
a
day
as
2.____________
model
in
New
York.
Sarah
3.____________(tell)
that
she
could
be
Britain’s
new
supermodel,
earning
a
million
dollars
in
the
next
year.
Her
father
Peter,
44,
wants
her
to
give
up
school
to
model
full time.
But
Sarah,
4.____________
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
5.____________(prove)
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
She
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
6.____________(educate)．
She
has
turned
down
several
7.____________(invitation)
to
star
at
shows
in
order
to
concentrate
on
her
studies.
After
school
she
plans
to
take
a
year
off
to
model
full time
before
going
to
university
to
get
a
degree
8.____________engineering
or
architecture.
Sarah
says,
“My
dad
thinks
I
should
take
the
offer
now.
But
at
the
moment,
school
9.____________(come)
first.
I
don’t
want
to
get
too
absorbed
in
modeling.
It
is
10.____________(certain)
fun
but
the
lifestyle
is
a
little
unreal.
I
don’t
want
to
have
nothing
else
to
fall
back
on
when
I
can’t
model
any
more.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
1．resting 解析：考查固定搭配。spend
time
doing
sth.是固定搭配，故填resting。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一名模特”，故填a。
3．has
been
told/was
told 解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has
been
told。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was
told。
4．who 解析：考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。
5．to
prove 解析：考查非谓语动词。want
to
do是固定搭配，故填to
prove。
6．education 解析：考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。
7．invitations 解析：考查名词单复数。invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。
8．in 解析：考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
9．comes 解析：考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。
10．certainly 解析：考查副词。此处fun是形容词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。
书面表达
假如你是李华。最近你班上同学正在参加一个外文报刊上的“大家谈”栏目的一个讨论。本次话题是“课堂上记笔记的方式应该是用手写，还是用手机拍照”。请你根据提示写一篇短文，并谈谈你的看法。
记笔记的方式
优点
缺点
用手写
便于思考
速度慢
用手机拍照
方便，随时翻看
影响他人听讲
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Recently
our
class
had
a
discussion
about
which
is
the
better
way
to
take
notes.
The
class
was
split
into
two
groups.
Those
who
are
for
hand written
notes
hold
the
view
that
when
you
write
down
what
the
teacher
says
or
notes
on
the
blackboard.
you’re
thinking
it
over,
which
is
apparently
the
best
process
of
learning,
although
it
is
a
little
slow.
The
other
students
think
it
convenient
for
them
to
take
notes
by
using
mobile
phones.
Only
in
this
way
can
they
leave
more
time
for
thinking.
Most
importantly,
wherever
they
are,
they
can
have
a
look
at
it.
While
taking
photos
in
class,
if
it
does
affect
others,
they
can
turn
off
the
sound.
In
my
opinion,
we
should
choose
the
most
suitable
way
to
study,
whether
it
is
hand written
or
photo taken,
it
is
better
than
taking
no
notes
at
all
in
class.(共41张PPT)
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知◆
》要点透析讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练◆
点击链接(共56张PPT)
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
》要点透析讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练◆
点击链接Section
Ⅱ Warming
Up
&
Reading—Language
Points
The
voyages
of
travellers
before
the
17th
century
show
that
they
were
not
at
the
mercy
of
the
sea
even
though
they
did
not
have
modern
navigational
aids.
17世纪以前的航海记录显示，尽管没有现代航海技术的帮助，他们(旅行者们)也不是任凭海洋摆布的。
(1)voyage
①He
made
a
voyage
to
Japan.
他航行至日本。
②I
wish
you
a
happy
voyage.
祝你航行平安。
[自我探究]
voyage是名词，意为航行，(尤指)航海，航天。
单词
意义区别
trip
指定期的较短的往返旅行
journey
表示去某地所花的时间和旅行的距离，尤其指较长距离的定期旅行；多指陆地旅行
travel
泛指从一地到另一地的“旅行，游历”(用单数形式，不加定冠词)。指“国外的游历、游记”时常用复数形式，但前面不加many或数词修饰，它也可以用作动词
tour
“周游，观光，旅游；考察”，指周游若干地方，有一定的旅行路线，最后又回到出发地
voyage
指海上航行或太空旅行。是可数名词
③We
went
on
a
trip
to
the
mountains.
我们到山里去旅游了。
④We
had
a
long
journey
ahead
of
us.
我们前面的旅程还很长。
⑤Foreign
travel
never
really
appealed
to
him
until
he
retired.
他到退休后才真正对出国旅行产生了兴趣。
⑥We
went
on
a
10-day
tour
of
central
Africa.
我们到中非游玩了10天。
⑦This
is
a
voyage
of
exploration.
这是一次探索之旅。
(2)at
the
mercy
of
①I
don’t
like
to
be
at
the
mercy
of
such
a
man. 我不愿受这样一个人的摆布。
②Buildings
are
left
to
decay
at
the
mercy
of
vandals
and
the
weather. 建筑物因人为的任意破坏及日晒雨淋而日益破败。
[自我探究]
at
the
mercy
of意为“任……摆布；在……面前毫无办法”。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
mercy
n．
怜悯，宽恕，幸运，侥幸
show
mercy
to
sb.
对某人表示怜悯
have
mercy
on/upon
sb.
对……表示怜悯
It’s
a
mercy＋(that从句)
幸运的是……
without
mercy
残忍地
③They
showed
no
mercy
to
their
hostages.
他们对人质丝毫不讲仁慈。
④They
are
praying
God
to
have
mercy
on
them.
他们正在祈祷上帝的怜悯。
⑤It’s
a
mercy
(that)
she
wasn’t
seriously
hurt.
幸运的是她伤势不重。
⑥The
terrorists
killed
some
children
in
the
building
without
mercy.
恐怖分子残忍地杀害了大楼里的几个孩子。
[基础练习]——用voyage，travel，trip，journey，tour填空
(1)Do
you
like
a
day’s____________？
(2)We’ll
make
a
sightseeing____________next
week.
(3)They
went
on
a
long
train____________across
India.
(4)The
novel
is
based
on
his____________along
the
Silk
Road.
(5)The
Titanic
sank
on
its
maiden____________．
答案：(1)trip (2)tour (3)journey (4)travels (5)voyage
[能力提升]——完成句子
(6)We
were
____________________weather.
我们拿天气毫无办法。
(7)____________________she
missed
being
killed.
幸运的是她没有被杀死。
(8)We
show____________________the
enemies
of
the
people.
我们对人民的敌人绝不怜悯。
答案：(6)at
the
mercy
of (7)It’s
a
mercy
(that) (8)no
mercy
to
This
seems
to
have
been
the
first
and
most
useful
form
of
exploration
which
carried
the
minimum
amount
of
risk. 这似乎已是最早的、最有用的探险方式，所冒风险也最小。
①He
seemed
an
honest
man.
他似乎是个诚实的人。
②It
seemed
good
to
me
to
do
so.
这样做在我看来很好。
③He
seemed
lonely.
他似乎很孤独。
[自我探究]
seem意为似乎，在句中作系动词，后面可用形容词、名词或不定式等作表语。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)seem后面可用不定式或不定式的完成时作表语，但表达的意义不同。
(2)在it
seems/seemed
as
if/though结构中，如果表示与事实相反的假设，从句要用虚拟语气。
④He
seems
to
have
lost
confidence
in
himself.
他似乎已经丧失了自信心。
⑤He
seemed(to
be)very
happy. 他似乎很高兴。
⑥He
seems
as
if
he
were
the
host.
似乎他是主人(实际上他不是)。
单词
意义区别
seem
往往是接近事实情况的判断，具有较强的真实性
appear
指表面上看起来，但事实并非如此
look
强调视觉形象所造成的某种印象，指直观上看起来
⑦She
looks
well. 她气色不错。
⑧He
appears
weak. 他看起来挺虚弱。
Seabirds
could
be
used
to
show
the
way
to
land
when
it
was
nowhere
to
be
seen. 在看不见任何陆地时，可利用海鸟来找到通往陆地的路。
①He
was
nowhere
to
be
found.
什么地方也找不到他。
②It
goes
to
nowhere. (这条路)哪儿也不通。
[自我探究]
nowhere意思是任何地方都不；什么地方也没有。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
go/get/lead
nowhere
没有结果，毫无进展
nowhere
to
be
seen/found
什么地方都看不见/找不到
nowhere
in
sight
不可能看见
the
middle
of
nowhere
偏远的某地
③Such
methods
will
get
you
nowhere.
这些方法将不会产生任何结果。
④There
was
nowhere
for
me
to
sit
in
the
hall.
在大厅里我无处可坐。
⑤She
lives
on
a
small
farm
in
the
middle
of
nowhere.
她住在一个偏僻的小农场上。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
这场争论没有任何进展，因此我们还不知道答案。
Nowhere________________________，so
we
don’t
know
the
answer
yet.
答案：has
this
argument
led
There
was
no
secure
method
of
measuring
longitude
until
the
17th
century
when
the
British
solved
this
theoretical
problem.
直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后，人们才有了测量经度的可靠办法。
①Don’t
climb
that
ladder—It’s
not
secure.
别爬那个梯子，梯子不牢靠。
②We
must
secure
the
doors
and
windows
before
we
go
out.
我们出门前要把门窗关好。
[自我探究]
secure可以是形容词，意为安全的，可靠的；也可以是动词，意为把……关紧，系牢。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)feel/be
secure
about
sth.
对……感到无忧无虑
feel/be
secure
of
对……有把握，确信
feel/be
secure
against/from
没有遭受……的危险
(2)secure
sth.(for
sb./sth.)
(为……)取得……
secure
sth.against/from
sth.
使某物免受……
secure
sth.to
sth.
把……拴在……上
③The
manager
secured
a
place
for
his
company
in
the
competition.
在竞争中经理为他的公司赢得了一席之地。
④He
secured
a
place
for
himself
at
the
law
school.
＝He
secured
himself
a
place
at
the
law
school.
他在法学院取得了学籍。
⑤The
horse
was
secured
firmly
to
the
tree.
马被牢牢地拴在树上。
⑥He
always
feels
secure
about
his
future.
他总是对自己的前途无忧无虑。
Then
he
could
tell
if
he
was
sailing
on
his
correct
rather
than
a
random
course.
然后他就能辨别他是否是在沿着正确的航道航行，而不是随意乱走。
He
was
dressed
in
a
random
way.
他随意穿了一件衣服。
[自我探究]
random是形容词，意为任意的；漫无目的的；随便的。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
at
random
随便地，胡乱地，任意地
randomly
adv.
随意地
randomness
n.
随意
a
random
guess
随意的猜测
speak
at
random
顺口胡说
choose
at
random
随便挑选
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)信息是按随机顺序处理的。
The
information
is
processed__________________________．
(2)恐怖分子向人群胡乱射击。
The
terrorists
fired
at
the
crowd________________________．
答案：(1)in
a
random
order (2)at
random
However，it
was
awkward
to
use
as
one
of
the
points
of
reference
was
the
moving
ship
itself.
然而，因为其中的一个参照点就是移动的船本身，所以这种方法用起来很难。
①This
is
a
good
book
of
reference.
这是一本好的参考书。
②She
brought
excellent
references.
她带来了有力的证明书。
[自我探究]
reference是名词，意为参考；证明书。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)reference
n．
提及，谈到，查阅，查看
with
reference
to
关于
(2)refer
vt.
谈到，提及
refer
to
提到，查阅，涉及
refer
to...as...
把……称为……
refer
sb./sth.to
sb./sth.
将……送交给(以求获得帮助等)
③There
is
no
direct
reference
to
her
own
childhood
in
the
novel.
小说里没有直接提及她的童年。
④Keep
their
price
list
on
file
for
future
reference.
请将他们的价目表存档，以供日后查看。
⑤With
reference
to
your
recent
advertisement，I’m
writing
to
request
further
details.
关于贵方最近的广告，现特函查询详情。
⑥This
incident
in
his
childhood
is
never
again
referred
to.
他小时候的这件事永远不要再提了。
⑦The
patient
was
referred
to
a
specialist
for
treatment.
这个病人被交给专家治疗了。
This
was
a
more
precise
and
simplified
version
of
the
astrolabe.
这是更精确、更简化的星盘。
(1)precise
a
precise
measurement
正确的尺寸
at
that
precise
moment
恰好在那时刻
①Can
you
give
a
more
precise
definition
of
the
word
你能给这个词下个更确切的定义吗？
②The
precise
details
of
the
sale
have
not
been
released
yet.
这次销售的准确详情还没有发布。
[自我探究]
precise是形容词，意为精确的；准确的；恰好的；precisely是副词，意为精确地，确切地。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
to
be
precise
确切地说，准确地说
more
precisely
更确切地说，更严格地说
③My
parents
live
abroad—in
North
Borneo
to
be
precise.
我父母生活在国外，确切地说，在北婆罗洲。
④The
problem
is
due
to
discipline，or
more
precisely，the
lack
of
discipline
in
schools. 问题出在纪律上，或者更确切地说，是学校缺乏纪律。
单词
意义区别
accurate
表示数据，相当于correct
and
without
mistake，准确的，无误的
precise
表示仪器、数据的精密性＝exact
in
form，detail，measurements，time等，精密的，精确的
exact
与accurate意义相近，精密的，准确的
(2)simplify
①This
is
an
attempt
to
simplify
the
tax
laws.
这是一种简化税法的尝试。
②Try
to
simplify
your
explanation
for
the
children. 设法解释得简明一点，好让孩子们听懂。
[自我探究]
simplify是及物动词，意为使简化，使简易。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
simplified
adj.
简化的
simplification
n.
简明，简化
simple
adj.
简单的，简易的，朴素的，简朴的
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)架子长约1米，更确切地说是98厘米。
The
shelf
is
about
a
meter
long，well，98
cm，____________________.
(2)申请表现已简化了。
The
application
forms__________________．
答案：(1)more
precisely
(2)have
now
been
simplified
The
sextant
was
the
updated
version
of
the
astrolabe
and
quadrant
which
reduced
the
tendency
to
make
mistakes. 六分仪是星盘和象限仪的升级版，它减少了犯错的倾向。
(1)update
①The
catalogue
is
updated
every
year.
(产品的)目录每年都更新。
②The
files
need
updating. 档案需要更新。
③Minister’s
advisers
updated
her
on
the
situation.
部长的顾问们给她提供了有关形势的最新信息。
[自我探究]
update是及物动词，意为更新，要……提供最新信息。
(2)tendency
①She
has
a
tendency
to
talk
too
much.
她总是唠唠叨叨。
②The
army
has
become
increasingly
restless
over
the
mounting
separatist
tendencies
of
the
northern
republics. 军方对于北部几个共和国不断加剧的分裂倾向越来越感到不安。
③There
has
been
a
great
tendency
towards
protection
and
recycling.
总的趋势一直是着眼于保护和再利用。
[自我探究]
tendency是名词，意为倾向；其动词是tend。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)tendency
n．
(发展、思想、行为等的)倾向
(常与介词to或towards连用)；
趋势，趋向
have
a
tendency
to
do
sth.
有做某事的倾向
(2)tend
v.
有……的趋势；倾向于，趋于
tend
to
do
sth.
趋向于做某事
tend
to/towards
sth.
走向，趋向
tend
(to)
sb./sth.
照料/照管某人/物
④Some
people
may
inherit
a
tendency
to
alcoholism. 有些人可能天生有酗酒的倾向。
⑤Women
tend
to
live
longer
than
men.
女人往往比男人长寿。
⑥His
views
tend
towards
the
extreme.
他的观点趋于偏激。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)是该更新我们软件的时候了。
It’s
time
that
we________________．
(2)雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势。
________________among
employers
to
hire
casual
staff.
答案：(1)updated
our
software
(2)There
is
a
growing
tendency
There
was
no
secure
method
of
measuring
longitude
until
the
17th
century
when
the
British
solved
this
theoretical
problem.
直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后，人们才有了测量经度的可靠办法。
①I
met
him
early
in
the
morning
when
he
was
having
his
breakfast.
今天早晨我见到了他，那时他正在吃早餐。
[自我探究]
when在上面的句子中引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词morning，when在从句中作时间状语。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)when可以引导定语从句，也可以引导时间状语从句或名词性从句。
(2)whenever
conj.无论何时
A：引导时间状语从句＝at
the
time
when
B：引导让步状语从句＝no
matter
when
②When
he
came
here，we
welcomed
him
warmly.
当他到这里时，我们热烈欢迎了他。
③When
he
will
come
is
still
unknown.
他何时来，还不知道。
④I
don’t
know
when
he
gives
me
an
answer.
我还不知道他何时给我答案。
⑤Whenever
she
stayed
home
in
the
evening，she
watched
TV.
只要晚上她不出门，她就看电视。
⑥You
can
come
here
whenever
you
like.
你可以随时来。
What
would
you
do
if
you
came
across
the
following
problems
during
your
voyage
在航海时，如果遇到下列问题你会怎么办？
①If
you
wish，I’ll
help
you.
如果你要我帮助的话，我就帮助你。
②If
you
give
him
one，he’ll
ask
for
another.
如果你给他一个，他会接着再要另一个。
[自我探究]
if是连词，引导条件状语从句。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
(1)if引导的虚拟条件句，如果表示与过去相反的假设，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，对应的主句应该用would
have
done。
(2)if引导的虚拟条件句，如果表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句的谓语动词用下列三种形式：过去时/should＋动词原形/were
to
do；主句的谓语动词用would/could/should/might＋动词原形。
(3)如果if引导的条件状语从句表示对现在或事实情况的相反假设，从句的谓语动词用过去时，主句的谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
③If
I
had
known
your
telephone
number
yesterday，I
would
have
telephoned
you. 如果昨天我知道你的电话号码，我就会给你打电话了。
④If
you
were
to
go
to
Beijing，you
would
have
a
chance
to
visit
the
Palace
Museum.
如果你要去北京的话，你就有机会去参观故宫。
⑤If
I
were
you，I
would
not
go
now.
如果我是你，我现在就不走。
在if引导的虚拟条件句中，有时主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件状语从句就叫错综时间虚拟条件句或混合条件句。
⑥If
you
had
come
earlier，you
would
not
be
worried
now.
如果你早一点来的话，你现在就不会这么着急了。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
如果不是免费的票，我们本不会如此频繁地看电影。
________________for
the
free
tickets，we
would
not
have
gone
to
the
films
so
often.
答案：If
it
had
not
been/Had
it
not
been
课时作业4
单句语法填空
1．I’m
not
going
to
put
myself
____________
the
mercy
of
the
bank.
答案：at
2．She
was
highly
praised
for
her
selflessness
and
devotion
____________(work)．
答案：to
work
3．It’s
high
time
that
we
____________(update)the
equipment
of
our
office.
答案：updated
4．The
aim
of
the
scheme
is
____________
(simplify)
the
complex
social
security
system.
答案：to
simplify
5．The
sentences
are
numbered
for
ease
of
____________
(refer)．
答案：reference
6．The
children
seemed
____________(eat)
something
in
the
room.
答案：to
be
eating
7．We
received
several
answers,
and
we
picked
one
____________
random.
答案：at
8．These
plants
have
a
tendency
____________(grow)
in
the
more
rural
areas.
答案：to
grow
9．Do
you
still
remember
the
days
____________
we
stayed
in
America
答案：when
10．If
I
____________(have)
a
lot
of
money
now,
I
would
travel
around
the
world.
答案：had
阅读理解
Goldfish
have
pretty
boring
lives，so
maybe
it’s
a
good
thing
that
they
can
only
concentrate
for
nine
seconds!
But
according
to
a
new
research，humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.Our
attention
span(时长)
is
getting
shorter...and
it’s
all
because
of
technology.
“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web，”says
Doctor
Ted
Selker，a
computer
scientist
from
Massachusetts，“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate.”
With
millions
of
websites
to
choose
from，the
attention
span
of
the
average
Internet
user
is
just
seconds.There
are
other
digital
distractions(分心)
too:
email，instant
messaging
and
quickie
movies
on
websites.
Some
people
are
worried
about
the
effect
on
young
people.“You
need
time
to
understand
and
think
about
what
you
read，”
says
Julia
Wood，from
London.“Young
people
search
the
net
all
the
time
and
their
brains
become
full
of
useless
information
but
there
is
no
time
to
make
sense
of
it.I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books，so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”
Other
teachers
are
trying
more
unusual
methods
to
improve
students’
concentration.Anne
Savan，from
Wales，was
so
worried
about
her
students
that
she
started
playing
Mozart
during
her
science
lessons.She
says
that
it
had
an
amazing
effect：“The
music
made
them
calmer，and
their
concentration
was
much
better.”
But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.Ray
Cole，an
educational
psychologist
says：“On
the
web，young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.They
might
look
at
five
unhelpful
websites
very
quickly，before
stopping
and
reading
a
sixth
useful
website
more
carefully.In
a
world
with
so
much
information
available，this
is
an
important
skill.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展，人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上，快速不断地浏览网站使人们的注意力时长越来越短；但是有人认为，浏览网站可以提高年轻人的判断能力。
1．Why
does
the
writer
mention
“goldfish”？
A．To
analyze
data.
B．To
introduce
a
topic.
C．To
settle
problems.
D．To
suggest
a
way
out.
B 解析：
推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼只能集中九秒钟的注意力；结合第一段的第二句“But
according
to
a
new
research，humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.”可知，人们正变得像金鱼一样；接着文章提出中心论点：由于技术问题，我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断，作者用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题，故B项正确。
2．What
may
cause
a
shorter
attention
span
according
to
Dr.Ted
Selker
A．Skipping
on
the
Internet.
B．Time
to
digest
information.
C．Traditional
methods
of
reading.
D．Making
decisions.
A 解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段的“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web”和“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate”可知，Ted
Selker认为，由于人们快速浏览网站，人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力，故A项正确。
3．What
will
help
students
overcome
a
short
attention
span
A．Receiving
emails.
B．Texting
messages.
C．Reading
more
books.
D．Watching
quickie
movies.
C 解析：
细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books，so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”可知，阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力时间短的问题，故C项正确。
4．What
is
Ray
Cole’s
attitude
towards
looking
through
websites
quickly
A．Cautious.
B．Unfavorable.
C．Skeptical.
D．Supportive.
D 解析：
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.”和“On
the
web，young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.”可知，Ray
Cole认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以提高自己快速判断的能力；据此可判断，Ray
Cole对快速浏览网站持支持态度，故D项正确。
完形填空
While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life，college
sets
the
stage
for
that
exploration.
I
myself
went
through
this
__1__
process
and
found
something
that
has
changed
my
__2__
at
college
for
the
better：I
discovered
ASL—American
Sign
Language(美式手语)．
I
never
felt
an
urge
to
__3__
any
sign
language
before.My
entire
family
is
hearing，and
so
are
all
my
friends.The
__4__
languages
were
enough
in
all
my
interactions(交往)．Little
did
I
know
that
I
would
discover
my
__5__
for
ASL.
The
__6__
began
during
my
first
week
at
college.
I
watched
as
the
ASL
Club
__7__
their
translation
of
a
song.
Both
the
hand
movements
and
the
very
__8__
of
communicating
without
speaking
__9__
me.
What
I
saw
was
completely
unlike
anything
I
had
experienced
in
the
__10__.
This
newness
just
left
me
__11__
more.
After
that,
feeling
the
need
to
__12__
further,
I
decided
to
drop
in
on
one
of
ASL
Club’s
meetings.
I
only
learned
how
to
__13__
the
alphabet
that
day.
Yet
instead
of
being
discouraged
by
my
__14__
progress，I
was
excited.I
then
made
it
a
point
to
__15__
those
meetings
and
learn
all
I
could.
The
following
term,
I
__16__
an
ASL
class.
The
professor
was
deaf
and
any
talking
was
__17__.
I
soon
realized
that
the
silence
was
not
unpleasant.
__18__，
if
there
had
been
any
talking,
it
would
have
__19__
us
to
learn
less.
Now,
I
appreciate
the
silence
and
the
__20__
way
of
communication
it
opens.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己学习美式手语的经历及感受。
1．A.searching
B．planning
C．natural
D．formal
A 解析：根据上文中“While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”。
2．A.progress
B．experience
C．major
D．opinion
B 解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experience)变得更美好的东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。
3．A.choose
B．read
C．learn
D．create
C 解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。
4．A.official
B．foreign
C．body
D．spoken
D 解析：根据上文中的“My
entire
family
is
hearing,
and
so
are
all
my
friends”及下文中的“languages
were
enough
in
all
my
interactions(交往)”可知，口语对作者所有的(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spoken
language“口语”符合语境。official“正式的，官方的”。
5．A.love
B．concern
C．goal
D．request
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(love)美式手语。concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”。
6．A.meeting
B．trip
C．story
D．task
C 解析：这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周。meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。
7．A.recorded
B．performed
C．recited
D．discussed
B 解析：根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)。record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”。
8．A.idea
B．amount
C．dream
D．reason
A 解析：手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者。amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”。
9．A.disturbed
B．supported
C．embarrassed
D．attracted
D 解析：参见上题解析。attract“吸引，引起……的注意”，符合语境。disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；embarrass“使……尴尬，使……难堪”。
10．A.end
B．past
C．course
D．distance
B 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情。end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”。
11．A.showing
B．acting
C．saying
D．wanting
D 解析：这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”。
12．A.exercise
B．explore
C．express
D．explain
B 解析：根据上下文语境和第一段中的关键词“explore”可知，作者觉得自己有进一步探索(explore)美式手语的需要。exercise“锻炼，训练”；express“表达”；explain“解释”。
13．A.print
B．write
C．sign
D．count
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母。print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”。
14．A.slow
B．steady
C．normal
D．obvious
A 解析：根据上文的“I
only
learned
how
to
______
the
alphabet
that
day.”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧。steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；obvious“明显的”。
15．A.chair
B．sponsor
C．attend
D．organize
C 解析：根据语境，尤其是上文的“made
it
a
point
to”和下文的“and
learn
all
I
could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议。chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。
16．A.missed
B．passed
C．gave
up
D．registered
for
D 解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程。miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give
up“放弃”；register
for“注册，选课”。
17．A.prohibited
B．welcomed
C．ignored
D．repeated
A 解析：根据上文的“The
professor
was
deaf
and
any
talking”可知，作者所参加的课程的教授是个耳聋的人，故任何谈话都是被禁止(prohibited)的。welcome“欢迎，欣然接受”；ignore“忽视”；repeat“重复”。
18．A.Lastly
B．Thus
C．Instead
D．However
C 解析：根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少。Lastly“最后，终于”；Thus“因此”；However“然而”。
19．A.required
B．caused
C．allowed
D．expected
B 解析：参见上题解析。require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”。
20．A.easy
B．popular
C．quick
D．new
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”。
短文改错
I
love
camping.It
is
my
favoritest
way
to
spend
the
summer
vacation.Last
year，my
families
and
I
went
camping
in
the
countryside.It
was
one
of
the
excited
experiences
I
have
ever
had.We
slept
in
a
tent
and
took
a
long
walk
every
day.We
cooked
over
a
fire
and
the
food
always
tasted
wonderfully.For
a
whole
week，I
saw
lovely
mountain
views
or
breathed
fresh
air.At
night，I
heard
the
gentle
wind
blowing
in
the
trees，and
I
feel
so
peaceful.It
doesn’t
cost
many
to
camp.What
I
believe
it’s
the
best
way
to
get
close
nature
and
enjoy
its
beauty.
答案：
I
love
camping.It
is
my
way
to
spend
the
summer
vacation.Last
year，my
and
I
went
camping
in
the
countryside.It
was
one
of
the
experiences
I
ever
had.We
slept
in
a
tent
and
took
a
long
walk
every
day.We
cooked
over
a
fire
and
the
food
always
tasted
.For
a
whole
week，I
saw
lovely
mountain
views
breathed
fresh
air.At
night，I
heard
the
gentle
wind
blowing
in
the
trees，and
I
so
peaceful.It
doesn’t
cost
to
camp.
I
believe
it’s
the
best
way
to
get
close
nature
and
enjoy
its
beauty.课时作业6
单句语法填空
1．This
time
next
day
they
____________(sit)
in
the
cinema.
答案：will
be
sitting
2．All
the
wonderful
birds
can
____________(find)
in
our
Bird
Park.
答案：be
found
3．I
____________(give)
ten
minutes
to
decide
whether
I
should
accept
the
offer.
答案：was
given
4．What
you
said
____________(sound)
a
bit
reasonable.
答案：sounded
5．The
question
that
the
teacher
raised
was
difficult
for
me
____________(answer)．
答案：to
answer
6．When
you
finish
the
report,
I
____________(wait)
for
about
3
hours.
答案：will
have
waited
7．Great
as
Newton
was,
many
of
his
ideas
____________(challenge)
today
and
are
being
modified
by
the
work
of
scientists
of
our
time.
答案：have
been
challenged
8．We
____________(work)
on
this
project
for
over
a
month
now.
答案：have
been
working
9．The
old
man
____________(sit)
on
a
bench
in
the
quiet
park
and
look
at
others
for
hours
without
doing
anything
or
talking
to
anybody.
答案：would
sit
10．The
question
is
not
worth
____________(discuss)
again
and
again.
答案：discussing
阅读理解
A
Around
the
world，girls
do
better
than
boys
at
school.These
are
the
findings
of
a
recent
study
that
looked
at
the
test
results
of
1.5
million
15 year olds
in
74
regions
across
the
globe.The
level
of
gender
equality
in
those
regions
made
no
difference
to
the
results.Other
factors,
such
as
the
income
level
of
the
region
also
had
little
impact
on
the
findings.In
only
three
regions—Colombia,
Costa
Rica
and
the
Indian
state
Himachal
Pradesh—was
the
trend
reversed
with
boys
doing
better.
So
what
are
the
causes
of
girls’
stronger
performance？In
the
UK，girls
outperform
boys
in
exams
that
are
taken
at
the
age
of
15
or
16，called
GCSEs.According
to
education
expert
Ian
Toone，this
is
down
to
the
way
girls
and
boys
are
brought
up.“Boys
are
encouraged
to
be
more
active
from
an
early
age，while
the
restless
movements
of
baby
girls
are
pacified...Therefore，girls
develop
the
skill
of
sitting
still
for
longer
periods
of
time,
which
is
useful
for
academic
pursuits
like
studying
for
GCSEs.”
He
goes
on
to
say
that
boys
often
cluster
together
in
larger
groups
than
girls.Because
of
this
they
are
more
likely
to
be
influenced
by
peer
pressure
and
develop
a
gang
mentality.He
says
that
GCSEs
require
a
lot
of
solo
work
and
are
not
viewed
as
“cool”
in
a
laddish
culture.
This
is
backed
up
by
research
in
the
UK
that
says
girls
are
outperforming
boys
at
the
age
of
five.So
what
is
the
answer？Should
girls
and
boys
be
educated
separately？Or
do
exams
and
school
curricula
need
to
be
changed
to
better
reflect
boys’
skills？These
are
the
questions
facing
educators
in
many
countries.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，
在学校里，
女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好，
本文针对这个现象进行了分析。
1．What
can
we
learn
from
the
first
paragraph
A．Girls
outperform
boys
in
exams
in
most
cases.
B．Boys
do
better
in
school
in
poorer
areas.
C．Girls
do
better
if
they
are
socially
equal
to
boys.
D．Boys
are
not
working
hard
enough
in
exams.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Around
the
world，girls
do
better
than
boys
at
school.These
are
the
findings
of
a
recent
study
that
looked
at
the
test
results
of...”可知，
在大多数情况下，
在学校里，
女孩的考试成绩比男孩好。故选A。
2．According
to
Ian
Toone，what
might
account
for
the
phenomenon
A．Different
characters
and
personalities.
B．Different
attitudes
to
learning.
C．Different
ways
of
raising
children.
D．Different
methods
in
exams.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“According
to
education
expert
Ian
Toone，this
is
down
to
the
way
girls
and
boys
are
brought
up.”可知，
Ian
Toone认为女孩考试成绩比男孩好是因为男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同。故选C。
3．What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text
A．To
provide
answer
to
a
difficult
question.
B．To
raise
awareness
in
gender
differences.
C．To
advocate
separating
boys
and
girls.
D．To
change
school
curricula
to
benefit
boys.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读文章可知，
由于性别不同，
男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同，
所受环境的影响也不同，
所以女孩的考试成绩要比男孩高。作者在最后一段提出问题——是否应该将男孩和女孩分开来教育或者改革现在的考试及课程以便全面地提高教育质量。由此可知，
作者写这篇文章是为了让人们提高对性别差异的认识。故选B。
4．What
might
the
author
discuss
in
the
following
paragraphs
A．Education
reforms
in
some
countries.
B．Examples
of
boys’
achievement.
C．New
systems
of
examinations.
D．Advertisement
of
some
schools.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“These
are
the
questions
facing
educators
in
many
countries.”可以推出，
接下来作者应谈到为了解决这些教育问题，
一些国家所进行的教育改革。故选A。
B
I’ve
been
really
lucky
this
year.
Not
only
did
I
have
the
opportunity
to
live
in
France,
but
I
was
able
to
see
some
other
countries
with
my
girlfriend.
Now
she
is
studying
in
Essen,
a
large
city
in
Western
Germany.
I
recently
went
to
stay
with
her—it
was
my
first
visit
to
Germany!
Essen
is
a
very
large
city.
It
has
all
the
conveniences
of
any
large
city
so
I
felt
immediately
at
home.
I
loved
the
variety
of
shops,
restaurants,
shopping
malls,
cocktail
bars,
nightclubs,
parks
and
even
a
lake.
There
is
also
a
city wide
network
of
trams,
which
makes
getting
around
a
piece
of
cake!
I
found
the
people
to
be
really
friendly,
and
most
Germans
speak
very
good
English
which
made
life
easy
for
me.I
was
surprised
by
the
casual
attitude
to
alcohol
in
Germany,
where
it
seems
normal
for
people
to
drink
beer
on
the
street,
or
on
the
tram.
My
girlfriend
and
I
visited
two
famous
local
cities，Düsseldorf
and
Cologne,
which
are
both
on
the
Rhine
River.Düsseldorf
is
an
urban
metropolis
with
a
great
variety
of
restaurants.
We
took
a
boat
tour
on
the
river
and
went
up
the
Rhine
Tower,
a
really
tall
building
which
offers
great
views
across
the
city.
Cologne,
as
you
might
know,
is
world famous
for
its
perfumes.
The
cathedral
there
is
an
unmissable
landmark.
We
made
the
effort
to
climb
to
the
top
of
one
of
the
cathedral’s
towers.
The
spiral(螺旋的)
stairs
seemed
endless，but
it
was
worthwhile
for
the
impressive
sights
from
the
top.
We
also
went
in
a
cable
car
over
the
river
and
tasted
a
German
delicacy
called
“Spaghettieis”
which
is
ice
cream
with
strawberry
sauce!
I
also
got
to
try
the
famous
German
sausage.
I
must
admit,
I
really
enjoyed
the
food!
The
only
disappointment
was
the
grey
and
rainy
weather,
which
proves
that
Britain
does
not
have
the
worst
weather
in
Europe!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象。
5．Why
did
the
writer
feel
lucky
this
year
A．He
will
have
a
chance
to
live
in
Germany.
B．He
met
his
girlfriend
in
France
by
chance.
C．He
got
an
opportunity
of
learning
in
Germany.
D．He
was
able
to
live
in
France
and
visit
other
countries.
D 解析：
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Not
only
did
I
have
the
opportunity
to
live
in
France，but
I
was
able
to
see
some
other
countries
with
my
girlfriend.”可知，作者认为自己今年幸运是因为他不但有机会在法国生活，而且也能和女朋友一起参观几个其他的国家。故选D项。
6．What
do
Düsseldorf
and
Cologne
have
in
common
A．They
are
both
famous
for
unique
perfumes.
B．They
both
serve
traditional
German
sausage.
C．They
both
have
many
towers
with
a
long
history.
D．They
both
offer
wonderful
views
from
the
tower
top.
D 解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Düsseldorf...went
up
the
Rhine
Tower,
a
really
tall
building
which
offers
great
views
across
the
city.”以及“We
made
the
effort
to
climb
to
the
top
of
one
of
the
cathedral’s
towers...but
it
was
worthwhile
for
the
impressive
sights
from
the
top.”可知，两座城市都能让人从塔顶欣赏到美景。故选D项。
7．According
to
the
writer,
which
country
has
the
worst
weather
in
Europe
A．Britain.
B．Germany.
C．France.
D．Italy.
B 解析：
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The
only
disappointment
was
the
grey
and
rainy
weather,
which
proves
that
Britain
does
not
have
the
worst
weather
in
Europe！”可知，作者对德国阴沉、多雨的天气感到失望，并表示这证明了英国不是欧洲天气最糟的国家。由此可推知作者认为在欧洲天气最差的国家为德国。故选B项。
8．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．An
Unforgettable
Trip
B．A
Guide
to
Germany
C．My
First
Visit
to
Germany
D．A
Brief
Introduction
of
Germany
C 解析：
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象，故C项最能概括文章的大意。
语法填空
She
looks
like
any
other
schoolgirl,
fresh faced
and
full
of
life.
Sarah
Thomas
is
looking
forward
to
the
challenge
of
her
new
A level
course.
But
unlike
her
school
friends
，16 year old
Sarah
is
not
spending
half term
1.____________(rest).
Instead,
she
is
earning
￡6，500
a
day
as
2.____________
model
in
New
York.
Sarah
3.____________(tell)
that
she
could
be
Britain’s
new
supermodel,
earning
a
million
dollars
in
the
next
year.
Her
father
Peter,
44,
wants
her
to
give
up
school
to
model
full time.
But
Sarah,
4.____________
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
5.____________(prove)
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
She
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
6.____________(educate)．
She
has
turned
down
several
7.____________(invitation)
to
star
at
shows
in
order
to
concentrate
on
her
studies.
After
school
she
plans
to
take
a
year
off
to
model
full time
before
going
to
university
to
get
a
degree
8.____________engineering
or
architecture.
Sarah
says,
“My
dad
thinks
I
should
take
the
offer
now.
But
at
the
moment,
school
9.____________(come)
first.
I
don’t
want
to
get
too
absorbed
in
modeling.
It
is
10.____________(certain)
fun
but
the
lifestyle
is
a
little
unreal.
I
don’t
want
to
have
nothing
else
to
fall
back
on
when
I
can’t
model
any
more.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
1．resting 解析：考查固定搭配。spend
time
doing
sth.是固定搭配，故填resting。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一名模特”，故填a。
3．has
been
told/was
told 解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has
been
told。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was
told。
4．who 解析：考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。
5．to
prove 解析：考查非谓语动词。want
to
do是固定搭配，故填to
prove。
6．education 解析：考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。
7．invitations 解析：考查名词单复数。invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。
8．in 解析：考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
9．comes 解析：考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。
10．certainly 解析：考查副词。此处fun是形容词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。
书面表达
假如你是李华。最近你班上同学正在参加一个外文报刊上的“大家谈”栏目的一个讨论。本次话题是“课堂上记笔记的方式应该是用手写，还是用手机拍照”。请你根据提示写一篇短文，并谈谈你的看法。
记笔记的方式
优点
缺点
用手写
便于思考
速度慢
用手机拍照
方便，随时翻看
影响他人听讲
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Recently
our
class
had
a
discussion
about
which
is
the
better
way
to
take
notes.
The
class
was
split
into
two
groups.
Those
who
are
for
hand written
notes
hold
the
view
that
when
you
write
down
what
the
teacher
says
or
notes
on
the
blackboard.
you’re
thinking
it
over,
which
is
apparently
the
best
process
of
learning,
although
it
is
a
little
slow.
The
other
students
think
it
convenient
for
them
to
take
notes
by
using
mobile
phones.
Only
in
this
way
can
they
leave
more
time
for
thinking.
Most
importantly,
wherever
they
are,
they
can
have
a
look
at
it.
While
taking
photos
in
class,
if
it
does
affect
others,
they
can
turn
off
the
sound.
In
my
opinion,
we
should
choose
the
most
suitable
way
to
study,
whether
it
is
hand written
or
photo taken,
it
is
better
than
taking
no
notes
at
all
in
class.课时作业4
单句语法填空
1．I’m
not
going
to
put
myself
____________
the
mercy
of
the
bank.
答案：at
2．She
was
highly
praised
for
her
selflessness
and
devotion
____________(work)．
答案：to
work
3．It’s
high
time
that
we
____________(update)the
equipment
of
our
office.
答案：updated
4．The
aim
of
the
scheme
is
____________
(simplify)
the
complex
social
security
system.
答案：to
simplify
5．The
sentences
are
numbered
for
ease
of
____________
(refer)．
答案：reference
6．The
children
seemed
____________(eat)
something
in
the
room.
答案：to
be
eating
7．We
received
several
answers,
and
we
picked
one
____________
random.
答案：at
8．These
plants
have
a
tendency
____________(grow)
in
the
more
rural
areas.
答案：to
grow
9．Do
you
still
remember
the
days
____________
we
stayed
in
America
答案：when
10．If
I
____________(have)
a
lot
of
money
now,
I
would
travel
around
the
world.
答案：had
阅读理解
Goldfish
have
pretty
boring
lives，so
maybe
it’s
a
good
thing
that
they
can
only
concentrate
for
nine
seconds!
But
according
to
a
new
research，humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.Our
attention
span(时长)
is
getting
shorter...and
it’s
all
because
of
technology.
“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web，”says
Doctor
Ted
Selker，a
computer
scientist
from
Massachusetts，“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate.”
With
millions
of
websites
to
choose
from，the
attention
span
of
the
average
Internet
user
is
just
seconds.There
are
other
digital
distractions(分心)
too:
email，instant
messaging
and
quickie
movies
on
websites.
Some
people
are
worried
about
the
effect
on
young
people.“You
need
time
to
understand
and
think
about
what
you
read，”
says
Julia
Wood，from
London.“Young
people
search
the
net
all
the
time
and
their
brains
become
full
of
useless
information
but
there
is
no
time
to
make
sense
of
it.I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books，so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”
Other
teachers
are
trying
more
unusual
methods
to
improve
students’
concentration.Anne
Savan，from
Wales，was
so
worried
about
her
students
that
she
started
playing
Mozart
during
her
science
lessons.She
says
that
it
had
an
amazing
effect：“The
music
made
them
calmer，and
their
concentration
was
much
better.”
But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.Ray
Cole，an
educational
psychologist
says：“On
the
web，young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.They
might
look
at
five
unhelpful
websites
very
quickly，before
stopping
and
reading
a
sixth
useful
website
more
carefully.In
a
world
with
so
much
information
available，this
is
an
important
skill.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展，人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上，快速不断地浏览网站使人们的注意力时长越来越短；但是有人认为，浏览网站可以提高年轻人的判断能力。
1．Why
does
the
writer
mention
“goldfish”？
A．To
analyze
data.
B．To
introduce
a
topic.
C．To
settle
problems.
D．To
suggest
a
way
out.
B 解析：
推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼只能集中九秒钟的注意力；结合第一段的第二句“But
according
to
a
new
research，humans
are
becoming
like
goldfish.”可知，人们正变得像金鱼一样；接着文章提出中心论点：由于技术问题，我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断，作者用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题，故B项正确。
2．What
may
cause
a
shorter
attention
span
according
to
Dr.Ted
Selker
A．Skipping
on
the
Internet.
B．Time
to
digest
information.
C．Traditional
methods
of
reading.
D．Making
decisions.
A 解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段的“We
move
quickly
from
one
site
to
another
on
the
web”和“and
we
are
losing
the
ability
to
concentrate”可知，Ted
Selker认为，由于人们快速浏览网站，人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力，故A项正确。
3．What
will
help
students
overcome
a
short
attention
span
A．Receiving
emails.
B．Texting
messages.
C．Reading
more
books.
D．Watching
quickie
movies.
C 解析：
细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“I
am
trying
to
persuade
my
pupils
to
read
more
books，so
that
they
concentrate
on
one
subject
for
longer.”可知，阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力时间短的问题，故C项正确。
4．What
is
Ray
Cole’s
attitude
towards
looking
through
websites
quickly
A．Cautious.
B．Unfavorable.
C．Skeptical.
D．Supportive.
D 解析：
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But
not
everyone
believes
that
there
is
a
problem.”和“On
the
web，young
people
learn
to
make
quick
decisions
about
what
is
and
isn’t
worth
reading.”可知，Ray
Cole认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以提高自己快速判断的能力；据此可判断，Ray
Cole对快速浏览网站持支持态度，故D项正确。
完形填空
While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life，college
sets
the
stage
for
that
exploration.
I
myself
went
through
this
__1__
process
and
found
something
that
has
changed
my
__2__
at
college
for
the
better：I
discovered
ASL—American
Sign
Language(美式手语)．
I
never
felt
an
urge
to
__3__
any
sign
language
before.My
entire
family
is
hearing，and
so
are
all
my
friends.The
__4__
languages
were
enough
in
all
my
interactions(交往)．Little
did
I
know
that
I
would
discover
my
__5__
for
ASL.
The
__6__
began
during
my
first
week
at
college.
I
watched
as
the
ASL
Club
__7__
their
translation
of
a
song.
Both
the
hand
movements
and
the
very
__8__
of
communicating
without
speaking
__9__
me.
What
I
saw
was
completely
unlike
anything
I
had
experienced
in
the
__10__.
This
newness
just
left
me
__11__
more.
After
that,
feeling
the
need
to
__12__
further,
I
decided
to
drop
in
on
one
of
ASL
Club’s
meetings.
I
only
learned
how
to
__13__
the
alphabet
that
day.
Yet
instead
of
being
discouraged
by
my
__14__
progress，I
was
excited.I
then
made
it
a
point
to
__15__
those
meetings
and
learn
all
I
could.
The
following
term,
I
__16__
an
ASL
class.
The
professor
was
deaf
and
any
talking
was
__17__.
I
soon
realized
that
the
silence
was
not
unpleasant.
__18__，
if
there
had
been
any
talking,
it
would
have
__19__
us
to
learn
less.
Now,
I
appreciate
the
silence
and
the
__20__
way
of
communication
it
opens.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己学习美式手语的经历及感受。
1．A.searching
B．planning
C．natural
D．formal
A 解析：根据上文中“While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”。
2．A.progress
B．experience
C．major
D．opinion
B 解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experience)变得更美好的东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。
3．A.choose
B．read
C．learn
D．create
C 解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。
4．A.official
B．foreign
C．body
D．spoken
D 解析：根据上文中的“My
entire
family
is
hearing,
and
so
are
all
my
friends”及下文中的“languages
were
enough
in
all
my
interactions(交往)”可知，口语对作者所有的(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spoken
language“口语”符合语境。official“正式的，官方的”。
5．A.love
B．concern
C．goal
D．request
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(love)美式手语。concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”。
6．A.meeting
B．trip
C．story
D．task
C 解析：这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周。meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。
7．A.recorded
B．performed
C．recited
D．discussed
B 解析：根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)。record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”。
8．A.idea
B．amount
C．dream
D．reason
A 解析：手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者。amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”。
9．A.disturbed
B．supported
C．embarrassed
D．attracted
D 解析：参见上题解析。attract“吸引，引起……的注意”，符合语境。disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；embarrass“使……尴尬，使……难堪”。
10．A.end
B．past
C．course
D．distance
B 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情。end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”。
11．A.showing
B．acting
C．saying
D．wanting
D 解析：这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”。
12．A.exercise
B．explore
C．express
D．explain
B 解析：根据上下文语境和第一段中的关键词“explore”可知，作者觉得自己有进一步探索(explore)美式手语的需要。exercise“锻炼，训练”；express“表达”；explain“解释”。
13．A.print
B．write
C．sign
D．count
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母。print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”。
14．A.slow
B．steady
C．normal
D．obvious
A 解析：根据上文的“I
only
learned
how
to
______
the
alphabet
that
day.”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧。steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；obvious“明显的”。
15．A.chair
B．sponsor
C．attend
D．organize
C 解析：根据语境，尤其是上文的“made
it
a
point
to”和下文的“and
learn
all
I
could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议。chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。
16．A.missed
B．passed
C．gave
up
D．registered
for
D 解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程。miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give
up“放弃”；register
for“注册，选课”。
17．A.prohibited
B．welcomed
C．ignored
D．repeated
A 解析：根据上文的“The
professor
was
deaf
and
any
talking”可知，作者所参加的课程的教授是个耳聋的人，故任何谈话都是被禁止(prohibited)的。welcome“欢迎，欣然接受”；ignore“忽视”；repeat“重复”。
18．A.Lastly
B．Thus
C．Instead
D．However
C 解析：根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少。Lastly“最后，终于”；Thus“因此”；However“然而”。
19．A.required
B．caused
C．allowed
D．expected
B 解析：参见上题解析。require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”。
20．A.easy
B．popular
C．quick
D．new
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”。
短文改错
I
love
camping.It
is
my
favoritest
way
to
spend
the
summer
vacation.Last
year，my
families
and
I
went
camping
in
the
countryside.It
was
one
of
the
excited
experiences
I
have
ever
had.We
slept
in
a
tent
and
took
a
long
walk
every
day.We
cooked
over
a
fire
and
the
food
always
tasted
wonderfully.For
a
whole
week，I
saw
lovely
mountain
views
or
breathed
fresh
air.At
night，I
heard
the
gentle
wind
blowing
in
the
trees，and
I
feel
so
peaceful.It
doesn’t
cost
many
to
camp.What
I
believe
it’s
the
best
way
to
get
close
nature
and
enjoy
its
beauty.
答案：
I
love
camping.It
is
my
way
to
spend
the
summer
vacation.Last
year，my
and
I
went
camping
in
the
countryside.It
was
one
of
the
experiences
I
ever
had.We
slept
in
a
tent
and
took
a
long
walk
every
day.We
cooked
over
a
fire
and
the
food
always
tasted
.For
a
whole
week，I
saw
lovely
mountain
views
breathed
fresh
air.At
night，I
heard
the
gentle
wind
blowing
in
the
trees，and
I
so
peaceful.It
doesn’t
cost
to
camp.
I
believe
it’s
the
best
way
to
get
close
nature
and
enjoy
its
beauty.(共21张PPT)
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
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oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
Unit
2
Sailing
the
oceans
教材背景链度
>
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知◆课时作业5
单句语法填空
1．Shortly
after
the
movie
was
previewed，some
critics
____________(foresee)
its
comments
from
the
audiences.
答案：foresaw
2．David
was
quite
____________(thirst)
for
a
bicycle
race
from
parents
as
a
Christmas
gift.
答案：thirsty
3．Knowing
their
parents’
income，they
will
realize
their
____________
(hard)
in
supporting
the
family.
答案：hardships
4．Many
refugees
are
____________
(starve)
to
death
every
day
for
lack
of
food
in
Africa.
答案：starved
5．The
ship
sank
into
the
sea，only
a
few
passengers
____________
(survival)．
答案：survived
6．China’s
Ministry
of
Education
has
made
English
____________
compulsory
course
in
most
elementary
schools.
答案：a
7．The
incident
occurred
____________
Smith
entered
the
school
building
with
his
girlfriend.
答案：when
8．He
made
an
attempt
to
____________(clarification)the
misunderstanding
about
the
origin
of
the
language.
答案：clarify
9．Three
days
after
his
returning
home，he
left
again.His
____________(depart)
was
unexpected.
答案：departure
10．A
security
officer
at
the
factory，who
declined
____________
(give)
his
name，said
he
had
seen
two
men
leave
the
building.
答案：to
give
阅读理解
A
In
2013
alone
at
least
20，000
African
elephants
were
killed
for
their
teeth.In
South
Africa
over
the
last
two
years
more
than
2，200
rhinos
were
killed
for
their
horns.These
numbers
are
alarming，because
current
rates
of
illegal
hunting
are
faster
than
birth
rates，which
could
lead
to
extinction
of
these
ecologically
important
creatures
in
the
environment.Indeed，some
elephant
and
rhino
populations
are
on
track
to
be
locally
extinct
within
the
next
decade.
If
you
are
reading
this，you
may
already
be
aware
of
these
facts.But
you
might
not
know
that
wildlife
trafficking(非法交易)
not
only
threatens
the
existence
of
elephants
and
rhinos
but
is
also
leading
to
extinction
of
other
species，such
as
tigers，tortoises，sea
turtles，and
the
world’s
most
trafficked
mammal(哺乳动物)—pangolins.
Pangolins
are
the
only
mammals
that
are
entirely
covered
in
tough
scales(鳞)，which
makes
them
look
very
strong.But
actually
they
are
endangered
mammals.There
are
eight
different
species
of
pangolins，four
in
Asia
and
four
in
Africa，and
all
are
threatened
with
extinction.Although
pangolins
are
protected
throughout
most
of
the
countries
where
they
live，high
demand
in
East
Asia，where
the
delicious
pangolin
meat
is
considered
a
delicacy
and
where
their
scales
are
used
in
traditional
medicines，is
driving
an
illegal
trade
in
both
live
animals
and
pangolin
parts.The
number
of
pangolin
trafficking
is
shocking.Experts
believe
that
over
the
last
10
years
more
than
1
million
pangolins
were
taken
from
the
wild.It
is
estimated
that
between
40，000
and
81，250
pangolins
were
killed
for
the
illegal
trade
in
2013
alone.
In
February，the
United
States
released
a
plan
to
deal
with
wildlife
trafficking，which
lays
out
the
steps
we
will
take
to
fight
the
illegal
trade
in
wildlife，including
pangolins.We
are
strengthening
the
carrying
out
of
the
plan；building
international
cooperation
and
contribution
to
protect
wildlife；raising
awareness
to
drive
down
the
demand
that
is
fuelling
the
illegal
trade.
Get
involved
and
remember
World
Wildlife
Day
(March
3)
by
spreading
the
plan.Use
social
media
and
tell
everyone
that
now
it
is
time
to
get
serious
about
wildlife
crime
and
end
the
demand
that
threatens
species，big
and
small，from
the
huge
elephant
to
the
shy
pangolin.
【解题导语】 由于人们的捕猎，一些物种濒临灭绝。本文号召人们行动起来，保护濒危物种。
1．How
many
endangered
creatures
are
mentioned
in
the
passage
A．4.
B．5.
C．6.
D．7.
C 解析：
细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，文章提到了大象、犀牛、老虎、陆龟、海龟、穿山甲六种濒临灭绝的动物。故选C项。
2．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
Paragraph
3
A．Eight
species
of
pangolins
live
on
the
same
continent.
B．Pangolins
are
not
protected
in
most
of
their
natural
habitats.
C．The
scales
of
pangolins
can
be
used
as
an
ingredient
for
cooking.
D．High
demand
contributes
to
the
illegal
trade
of
pangolins
in
East
Asia.
D 解析：
正误判断题。根据第三段中的“high
demand
in
East
Asia...is
driving
an
illegal
trade
in
both
live
animals
and
pangolin
parts”可知，高需求导致了东亚穿山甲非法交易的发生，即D项正确。
3．What
can
we
know
about
the
plan
released
by
the
US
A．Social
media
will
be
used
to
spread
World
Wildlife
Day.
B．Whether
the
plan
will
be
worked
out
remains
to
be
seen.
C．The
US
will
work
together
with
other
countries
to
protect
wildlife.
D．More
and
more
people
are
advised
to
increase
their
needs
of
pangolins.
C 解析：
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“We
are
strengthening
the
carrying
out
of
the
plan；building
international
cooperation
and
contribution
to
protect
wildlife；raising
awareness
to
drive
down
the
demand
that
is
fuelling
the
illegal
trade.”可知，美国将联合其他国家保护野生动物，即C项正确。
4．What
is
the
author’s
intention
of
writing
the
passage
A．To
inform
us
something
about
World
Wildlife
Day.
B．To
raise
awareness
of
protecting
endangered
wildlife.
C．To
explain
why
pangolins
are
illegally
traded
in
East
Asia.
D．To
show
how
the
United
States
is
to
fight
the
illegal
trade
in
wildlife.
B 解析：
目的意图题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是增强人们保护濒危物种的意识，即B项正确。
B
Beijing—With
the
safe
return
to
Earth
on
Wednesday
of
three
astronauts
after
a
successful
15-day
mission，China
moved
a
step
closer
to
realizing
its
space
dream，which
includes
operating
a
space
station
by
2020.
Wang
Zhaoyao，director
of
the
China
Manned
Space
Agency，released
a
more
detailed
outline
for
the
manned
space
program.He
said
in
Beijing
the
manned
space
program
will
launch
the
Tiangong 2
space
laboratory
around
2015，and
an
experimental
core
space
station
module
around
2018.The
aim
is
to
build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
by
2020.Between
2015
and
2020，a
string
of
cargo(货物)
and
manned
spacecraft
will
be
launched
to
deliver
supplies
and
transport
astronauts
to
the
space
lab
and
space
station，he
said.
Wang
did
not
say
how
much
will
be
spent
on
the
forthcoming
missions，but
said
the
Shenzhou
X
mission
that
ended
on
Wednesday
took
spending
on
the
manned
space
program
to
39
billion
yuan
since
it
was
started
in
1992.He
also
said
construction
of
a
new
launch
site
in
Hainan
province
and
development
of
two
new
types
of
launch
vehicle—both
crucial
elements(组成部分)
in
the
space
program’s
next
stage—have
made
smooth
progress.Yuan
Jie，deputy
general
manager
of
the
China
Aerospace
Science
and
Technology
Corp，said
the
new
site
will
see
the
launch
of
two
types
of
China’s
new-generation
carrier
rockets.
As
the
carrier
rockets
in
service
now
cannot
meet
demand
from
the
future
manned
space
station，the
large-thrust(推力)
Long
March 5
carrier
rocket，with
the
capacity
of
carrying
a
20-ton
payload(有效负荷)
in
near-Earth
orbit，will
send
space
station
modules
into
orbit，he
said.Meanwhile，the
medium-thrust
Long
March-7
launch
vehicle，with
a
carrying
capacity
of
13
tons
in
near-Earth
orbit，will
be
used
to
send
cargo
spacecraft
to
the
future
manned
space
station.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了中国的“航天梦”。
5．Which
of
the
following
may
be
the
best
title
of
the
news
report
A．Space
dream
one
step
closer
to
reality
B．The
space
lab
and
space
station
C．The
organization
of
the
China
Manned
Space
Agency
D．Two
types
of
China’s
new generation
carrier
rockets
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是开头：China
moved
a
step
closer
to
realizing
its
space
dream，which
includes
operating
a
space
station
by
2020.可得答案。
6．What
is
the
possible
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“crucial”
in
Para.3
A．Quite
safe.
B．Too
easy.
C．Rather
slow.
D．Very
important.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段提到的“大推力长征系列运载火箭”的作用和both所指代前面的内容，可推出是“关键的，非常重要的”意思。
7．The
purpose
of
the
manned
space
problem
is
to________.
A．launch
the
Tiangong-2
space
laboratory
B．build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
C．build
an
experimental
core
space
station
module
D．transport
astronauts
to
the
space
lab
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段：The
aim
is
to
build
a
60-ton
multimodule
space
station
by
2020.可得答案。
8．The
Long
March-5
carrier
rocket
will
have
the
capacity
of
carrying________．
A．13
tons
B．20
tons
C．39
tons
D．60
tons
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的the
large-thrust(推力)
Long
March-5
carrier
rocket，with
the
capacity
of
carrying
a
20-ton
payload(有效负荷)
in
near-Earth
orbit可知答案。
七选五
Interruptions
are
one
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with
while
you’re
trying
to
get
work
done.
1.________，
there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things.Let’s
take
a
look
at
them
now.
2．________.
Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry
and
explain
that
you
have
a
million
things
to
do
and
then
ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.
When
people
try
to
interrupt
you，have
set
hours
planned
and
let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then.
3.________.
It
can
help
to
eliminate(消除)
future
interruptions.
When
you
need
to
talk
to
someone，don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office.
4.________，
it’s
much
easier
to
excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work
than
if
you
try
to
get
someone
out
of
your
space
even
after
explaining
how
busy
you
are.
If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.
5.________.
If
someone
knocks
and
it’s
not
an
important
matter,
excuse
yourself
and
let
the
person
know
you’re
busy
so
they
can
get
the
hint(暗示)
that
when
the
door
is
closed，you’re
not
to
be
disturbed.
A．If
you’re
busy,
don’t
feel
bad
about
saying
no
B．When
you
want
to
avoid
interruptions
at
work
C．Set
boundaries
for
yourself
as
far
as
your
time
goes
D．If
you’re
in
the
other
person’s
office
or
in
a
public
area
E．It’s
important
that
you
let
them
know
when
you’ll
be
available
F．It
might
seem
unkind
to
cut
people
short
when
they
interrupt
you
G．Leave
it
open
when
you’re
available
to
talk
and
close
it
when
you’re
not
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。
1．B 解析：根据上文的“Interruptions
are
one
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with”以及下文的“there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things”可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的方法。空处承上启下，应选B项。
2．A 解析：根据下文的“Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry...ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.”可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A项符合文意。
3．E 解析：根据上文的“let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then”及下文的“It
can
help
to...”可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E项。
4．D 解析：根据上文的“don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office”以及下文的“excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work”可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D项。
5．G 解析：根据本段的首句“If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.”以及下文的“when
the
door
is
closed”可知，G项符合文意。河流孕育着世界各地的文明，我们不能只是向她们索取，更重要的是要保护她们。在美国举行的River
Spirit
Exchange活动，正在帮助中国和美国的青年们更好地了解对方，了解河流，从而一起协作，更好地保护河流。
Sister
rivers
build
cultural
bridge
between
US
and
China
The
Mississippi
is
the
major
river
system
in
the
United
States.The
Yangtze
is
China’s
longest
river.
Although
a
world
apart，the
two
water
ways
share
conservation(保护)
concerns
that
provide
a
cultural
bridge
between
students
from
the
United
States
and
China，as
well
as
from
other
parts
of
the
world.
41
students
from
a
dozen
colleges
explored
a
section
of
the
Mississippi
in
Wisconsin
and
Iowa，to
learn
about
the
environment，and
each
other.
The
students，from
the
US，China
and
other
countries，took
part
in
the
River
Spirit
Exchange
program.
The
cross-cultural
educational
experience
focuses
on
the
Mississippi
and
China’s
longest
river，the
Yangtze.
This
three
day
get-together
featured
story-telling，camping
and
canoeing(划独木舟)．It’s
part
of
a
larger
lesson
about
conservation
projects
that
can
be
used
on
both
the
Yangtze
and
Mississippi.
After
the
group
met
at
the
Crane
Foundation
preserve，they
headed
south
to
an
area
of
the
Kickapoo
River，where
a
20-year
conservation
protected
the
natural
setting
of
the
waterway.
The
effort
was
led
by
the
director
of
the
Lower
Wisconsin
State
Riverway
Board.
He
told
the
group
he
was
proud
of
its
success.“I
believe
because
of
the
Riverway
Project
we
can
make
sure
that
our
grandchildren’s
grandchildren
will
be
able
to
set
a
canoe
in
the
waters
of
the
Wisconsin
River
and
be
able
to
experience
the
same
beauty
that
we
can
see
today
and
what
Native
Americans
saw
many
generations
before.”
But
accomplishing
that
was
not
easy.He
told
the
students
setting
rules
for
loggers(樵夫)，farmers，landowners
and
developers
caused
anger
and
even
a
few
threats
of
violence
between
the
two
sides.
Similar
difficulties
were
met
in
China
when
people
were
trying
to
preserve
the
Yangtze
River.
Chinese
student
Lu
Xiaojun
said
the
Mississippi
and
Yangtze
River
were
uniting
these
students
from
opposite
ends
of
the
earth.
“We
got
to
know
each
other
during
the
exchange，”
he
said.He
hoped
that，by
working
together，they
would
find
solutions
to
preserving
these
waterways.“I
think
it
certainly
helped
people
change
their
thinking
and
so
they
can
look
beyond
now
to
the
future.”
Section
Ⅰ Warming
Up
&
Reading—Preparing
mercy
n．
仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
exploration
n.
探险；探测
overhead
adv.
在头顶上；在空中；在高处
adj.
在头上的
random
adj.
任意的；随便的
awkward
adj.
难使用的；笨拙的
reference
n.
参考
minimum
adj.
最小的；最低的
secure
adj.
安全的；可靠的
9．precise
adj.
精确的；准确的
10．simplify
vt.
单一化；简单化
11．shortcoming
n.
缺点；短处
12．reliable
adj.
可靠的；可信赖的
13．update
vt.
更新
14．tendency
n.
趋向；倾向
at
the
mercy
of
受……支配
work
out
制定出
compare
sth.with
sth.
把……与……相比较
in
relation
to...
与……相关联
make
mistakes
犯错误
1．How
do_you_think
seamen
found
their
way
before
modern
accurate
methods
of
navigation
were
invented
你们认为现在精确的航海方法被发明之前海员们是怎么找到方法进行航海的？
2．We
may
well
wonder
how
seamen
explored
the
oceans
before
latitude
and
longitude
made
it
possible
to_plot_a_ship’s_position_on_a_map．
我们很可能感到奇怪，在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何进行探索的。
3．This
seems
to_have_been
the
first
and
most
useful
form
of
exploration
which
carried
the
minimum
amount
of
risk.
这似乎已是最早的、最有用的探险方式，所冒风险也最小。
Scan
the
text
and
then
choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1．A
skilled
seaman
cannot
use
the________to
plot
a
ship’s
position.
A．flag
B．sun
C．clouds
D．North
Star
2．The
use
of
seaweed
is
to________．
A．judge
whether
the
ship
is
close
to
land
B．know
how
long
the
seamen
left
their
home
C．tell
the
distance
of
the
land
and
the
ship
D．make
their
journey
meaningful
3．How
many
things
did
the
seamen
use
before
latitude
and
longitude
were
plotted
A．Four.
B．Five.
C．Seven.
D．Eight.
4．We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
there
had
been________method(s)
to
find
longitude
by
the
17th
century.
A．two
B．three
C．one
D．no
5．What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．Why
early
seaman
wanted
to
sail
the
ocean.
B．There
is
useful
information
in
an
encyclopedia.
C．Early
sailing
men
went
exploring
the
seas
using
their
skills
and
simple
instruments.
D．Latitude
and
longitude
are
important
to
plot
a
ship’s
position.
答案：1－5.AADAC
Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
text.
This
reading
explains
1.____________
seamen
explored
the
oceans
and
what
kind
of
2.____________
(navigation)
instruments
3.____________(use)
to
sailors
before
the
seventeenth
century
4.____________
they
were
navigating
the
open
seas
without
5.____________(see)
land.The
voyages
of
travellers
before
the
6.____________(seventeen)
century
show
that
they
were
not
at
7.____________
mercy
of
the
sea
even
though
they
did
not
have
modern
navigational
aids.The
seamen
could
use
celestial
bodies，wildlife，the
weather
or
the
sea
to
keep
alongside
the
coastline.They
could
also
use
the
compass
to
help
find
the
direction
that
the
ship
needs
8.____________(go)．They
could
use
the
Bearing
Circle
to
measure
the
sun’s
position
and
tell
if
they
were
sailing
on
their
correct
rather
9.____________a
random
course.The
astrolabe，quadrant
and
sextant
could
help
give
the
seamen
the
local
time
and
allowed
them
10.____________(find)
their
latitude
at
sea.
答案：1.how 2.navigational 3.were
used 4.when 5.seeing 6.seventeenth 7.the 8.to
go 9．than 10.to
find(共52张PPT)
Unit
2 Sailing
the
oceans
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