飓风是如何形成的？该如何预防飓风？下面让我们一起了解一下吧！
Many people like the feeling of the gentle wind in spring. Many people like to see the falling leaves dancing in the wind in autumn. But sometimes, when the wind becomes a storm, it can be very destructive(毁灭性的)．
Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict(预测) how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.
Predictions are improving.“We’ve gotten better over the years, especially the last few years，”says Phil Klotzbach, a scientist at an American university.
How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction.“For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right，”Klotzbach says.
First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates(蒸发) and rises into the air. As it rises, the vapor cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation of a hurricane.
If wind speed reaches 40 miles per hour, the system is called “tropical storm”， and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.
The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.disaster n． 灾难
2.flood n. 洪水
3.cause vt. 引起；导致
4.furniture n. 家具
5.bury vt. 埋葬
6.occur vi. 发生
拓展词汇
7.experience vt.经历→experienced adj.有经验的
8.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence n．暴力；暴行→violently adv. 粗暴地；强烈地
9.strike vt.&n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击→struck(过去式)→struck/stricken(过去分词)
阅读词汇
10.hurricane n． 飓风
11.lightning n. 闪电
12.thunderstorm n. 雷暴
13.tornado n. 龙卷风
14.column n. 柱状物；柱状体
15.current n. 海流；潮流
16.latitude n． 纬度
17.feather n. 羽毛
18.fur n. (动物的)毛皮
19.tropical adj. 热带的
20.equator n. 赤道
21.rotating adj. 旋转的；循环的
重点短语
1.pick__up 卷起；掀起
2.take__off 去掉
3.on__average 平均起来
4.of__all__time 有史以来
5.be__experienced__at/in__sth. 做某事有经验
6.end__up 结果为……，以……结束
重点句型
1.leave＋宾语＋宾补 让某人/某物继续处于某种状态：They can destroy houses, but__leave__the__furniture__inside__exactly__where__it__was(却将里面的家具留在原处).
2.现在分词短语作结果状语：On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing__about__80__deaths__and__1，500__injuries(造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤).
3.by the time＋时间状语从句：By__the__time__it__ended(到这次飓风结束时), more than 700 people had been killed and 2，700 had been injured.
Read the text quickly and match the sentences.
1．A tornado is( )
2．Tornadoes can destroy houses( )
3．Hurricanes are strong tropical storms( )
4．Charles Coghlan was an Irish actor( )
5．There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year( )
A．and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean.
B．and they usually affect the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine.
C．and something unexpected happened to his coffin after he died.
D．a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.
E．but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
答案：1－5.DEACB
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Which of the following descriptions about tornado is NOT correct?
A．It is a kind of rotating column of air.
B．It is usually caused by a thunderstorm.
C．It can reach a speed up to more than 400 kilometres per hour.
D．It can cause much damage to people, including deaths and injuries.
2．How much damage did the worst tornado cause to the US?
A．It picked up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street.
B．The fur of the back of many cats and the feathers of many chickens were taken off.
C．It caused about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.
D．More than 700 people lost their lives and 2，700 were injured.
3．Where was Charles Coghlan born indeed?
A．In Ireland. B．In Canada.
C．In New York. D．In Galveston.
4．What are the causes of the natural violence?
A．The different atmospheric pressure between two areas.
B．The changeable weather in these areas.
C．The destruction of the nature by human beings.
D．Not mentioned in the text.
答案：1－4.BDAD
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
[翻译] 它们能毁掉房屋，却将里面的家具留在原处。
2．The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.
[翻译] 有史以来最严重的一场龙卷风发生在1925年，波及了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。
3．By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.
[翻译] 到19世纪90年代后期，他已迁到加尔维斯顿，并于1899年在那里去世。第二年，飓风袭击了那里。
,
①tornado[t??'neId??]n.龙卷风
②rotating[r??'teItI?]adj.旋转的；循环的
③column['k?l?m]n.柱状物；
柱状体
④thunderstorm['θ?nd??st??m]n.雷暴
⑤violent['vaI?l?nt]adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的
⑥more than 多于；不仅仅是；非常
⑦per prep.每
⑧occur[?'k??]vi.发生
occur不用于被动语态和进行时态。
⑨pick up卷起；掀起
⑩put...down把……放下
put down写下，记下；镇压；放下
?fur[f??]n.(动物的)毛皮
?take...off去掉……
?feather['fee?]n.羽毛
?furniture['f??nIt??]n.家具
furniture是不可数名词。
?on average平均起来
?cause[k??z]vt.引起；导致
?of all time有史以来，历史上(常与最高级连用)
?hurricane['h?rIk?n]n.飓风
?tropical['tr?pIkl]adj.热带的
?wave[weIv]n.波浪
v．挥手，招手
flood[fl?d]n.洪水
hit v．袭击
strike[straIk]vt.& n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
strike→struck→struck/stricken
cemetery['sem?t?ri]n.墓地；公墓
bury['beri]vt.埋葬
be buried in＝bury oneself in埋头于，专心于
coffin['k?fIn]n.棺材
end up结果为……，以……结束
end up with以某种方式结束
end up in以某种结果结束
up prep.沿……而上
What Is a Tornado①？
A tornado is a rotating②column③of air from a thunderstorm④to the ground.The most violent⑤have winds of more than⑥400 kilometres per⑦hour.Almost all of them occur⑧in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
Tornadoes can pick up⑨cars，trains and even houses and put them down⑩in the next street—or even in the next town.They can take the fur?off?the back of a cat and the feathers?off a chicken.They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture?inside exactly where it was.
On average?，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing? about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries．The worst tornado of all time? occurred in 1925, affecting three US states：Missouri，Illinois and Indiana.By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2，700 had been injured.
◆causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries是现在分词短语作结果状语。
◆by the time引导时间状语从句，主句多用完成时。
What Is a Hurricane?？
Hurricanes are strong tropical?storms，and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean，the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more，which cause huge waves?，heavy rain and floods.There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine.
◆which cause huge waves，heavy rain and floods是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰winds。
The worst hurricane disaster of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas.Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre-high waves hitthe city.The disaster killed 6，000 people in a population of 37，000 and destroyed 3，600 buildings.
An Extraordinary Event
This is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane.
Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to live in Canada．He then moved to New York, where he became famous．By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.The cemeterywhere Coghlan was buriedwas destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan’s coffinended up in the sea.
◆who went to live in Canada是who引导的定语从句，修饰actor，who在从句中作主语。
◆where he became famous是where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰New York。where在从句中作地点状语，可以转换成in which。
◆where Coghlan was buried是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the cemetery，where在从句中作地点状语。
Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada.The Gulf Stream had carried it 3，000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island.Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had been buried in Texas!
◆after he had been buried in Texas是after引导的时间状语从句。
什么是龙卷风？
龙卷风是指一个从空中的雷暴延伸到地面而生成的旋转气柱。最强烈的龙卷风风速达到每小时400千米以上。几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国东南部德克萨斯州到北部南达科塔州一带地区。
龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车甚至房子，把它们卷到邻近的街道——或者甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。它们(龙卷风)能拔掉猫背上的毛和鸡身上的羽毛。它们能毁掉房屋，却将里面的家具留在原处。
美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。有史以来最严重的一场龙卷风发生在1925年，波及了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。到这次飓风结束时，共有700多人死亡，2 700多人受伤。
什么是飓风？
飓风是强劲的热带风暴，它们通常发生在南大西洋、加勒比海以及墨西哥湾。(飓风发生时)风速达每小时120千米或者更快，引发巨浪、暴雨和洪灾。每年平均有6次大西洋飓风，这些飓风通常会影响从德克萨斯州到缅因州的美国东部海岸。
有史以来最强烈的飓风灾难于1900年9月8日发生在德克萨斯州的加尔维斯顿。时速高达200千米的大风和5米高的巨浪袭击了这座城市。37 000人中有6 000人遇难，3 600幢建筑物被摧毁。
一个离奇的事件
这是一个关于1900年加尔维斯顿飓风的故事。
查尔斯·科格伦是19世纪一位定居加拿大的爱尔兰演员。后来他移居纽约，并在那里成名。到19世纪90年代后期，他已迁到加尔维斯顿，并于1899年在那里去世。第二年，飓风袭击了那里。埋葬科格伦的墓地被飓风破坏，他的棺材最后被卷进了大海。
8年后，渔民们在加拿大东部爱德华王子岛他家附近发现了他的棺材。墨西哥湾流沿着美国东海岸把它(棺材)一直带到爱德华王子岛，行程3 000千米。埋葬于德克萨斯州的查尔斯·科格伦又回到了加拿大！
阅读理解
A
Hurricane Babette reached the northeastern United States today and caused death and destruction everywhere. The killer storm carried winds of 135 miles per hour. The high winds and heavy rains, together with the force of the Atlantic Ocean, created extremely dangerous waves. It is not yet known how many people died or were hurt in this storm, but it is said that the numbers will be very high. The damage to homes, business and crops will run into billions of dollars. Now that the storm is over, the long, slow rebuilding will begin.
With the arrival of the tornado season, the National Weather Service is again telling people how to protect themselves from these deadly storms. The winds from tornadoes are the most violent winds on earth. They can blow up to 400 miles per hour. A tornado looks like a funnel(漏斗). It is also very loud. It may sound like a train coming at you. In fact, the winds from a tornado can pick up a train and throw it around. If a tornado is seen in your area, it is very important that you protect yourself. A basement(地下室) is the safest place to go. Try to wait under a table in the basement. If your building does not have a basement, stay on the ground floor but lie flat under a bed or table. Stay away from windows. If you are outside or in your car, try to find a narrow place to lie down in.
As the area tries to deal with the worst flood of the century, there are many heartwarming stories of people helping other people. From all over the world people have sent food and clothes to help the thousands who have had to leave their homes. Many volunteers have come to help to make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river. While the result of this disaster will be terrible for many, it is beautiful to see people coming together to help others and save lives and property(财产)．
【解题导语】 本文讲述了自然灾害带给人们的灾难、在灾难中人们该如何自救，以及灾难中会发生的温暖人心的助人故事。
1．What are the three short paragraphs about?
A．Newspaper articles about the weather.
B．Bad weather forecasts in newspapers.
C．Introduction to climate in different places.
D．Popular science on climate.
A 解析：主旨大意题。第一段讲述飓风造成的损失，第二段讲述龙卷风中人们如何自救，第三段讲述了在这些灾难中人们的表现。故这篇文章应该是一篇关于天气的新闻稿。
2．According to the passage, a person who sees a tornado in his area, had better NOT ________．
A．stay on the ground floor but lie down under a bed
B．go to the basement and wait under a table
C．find a deep narrow place to lie down in
D．drive his car away as fast as possible
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句中的“or in your car, try to find a narrow place to lie down in”可知应该停车而不是快速行驶。
3．We can learn from the passage that ________．
A．Hurricane Babette damaged the northwestern coast of US
B．when there’s flooding, sandbags can be made and used to build walls
C．the National Weather Service often takes measures to protect the local people
D．people are often reminded of how to protect themselves from snowstorm
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river”可知沙袋可以筑成墙抗洪。
B
Seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit(山顶) of Pacaya for a close-up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week Festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2，560 metres high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit：the McKenney Cone(火山锥). Just as though you are going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
【解题导语】 红色的熔岩从火山口喷薄而出冲向百米高空，与黑色的天幕相映生辉，来自大自然的力量令游客叹为观止，流连忘返。
4．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B．To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C．To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D．To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
A 解析：写作意图题。B项“描述Pacaya之美”；C项“介绍去Pacaya的旅行”；D项“解释Pacaya大自然的力量”。这三项在本文中都是点到为止，其最终目的是想吸引游客去Pacaya。
5．Antigua is an island ________．
A．where people can enjoy cultural festival
B．where the daring Pacaya tour starts
C．that gives a close-up view of Pacaya
D．that is famous for its tour companies
B 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“No matter when you come to Antigua, you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies.”可知，这里是冒险之游的起点。
6．Climbing to the McKenney Cone, people will ________．
A．walk directly to the active summit
B．hear the continuous loud noise from above
C．make greater efforts than to other summits
D．see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段第三句中的“Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit”可知D项正确。
7．Many tours are timed for people to ________．
A．get down the mountain in time when night falls
B．avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C．enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D．appreciate the scenery of the 2，560-metre-high mountain
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知，要准时到达火山锥才能欣赏到日落及岩浆喷发到漆黑天空中的壮观景色。
完形填空
In the morning, Slim got up and prepared breakfast for his wife as usual. Nicole, his wife，was listening to music in the bedroom. __1__， he felt that his body was shaking. Slim had the __2__ response that there was an earthquake! He __3__ quickly, “Dear, earthquake! Go to the toilet！”Nicole heard the shouting, __4__ the first aid box quickly and ran into the toilet. The house was __5__ even more dramatically.
Bathroom was the next door to the kitchen. Slim picked up a kitchen __6__ and two pieces of bread outside the kitchen. Slim tried to run along the wall to help Nicole. __7__， it got __8__ suddenly with an explosion. The house __9__ down and many things fell from above. Nicole was quickly buried in __10__ . She felt breathing very difficult. She tried to stand up, but __11__ .
A few minutes later, the land was __12__. Nicole heard the sound of short __13__ and thought it was Slim! She shouted to him but no __14__！ He probably fainted.Nicole kept saying his name and she finally heard a response. Two people encouraged and __15__ each other. They knew that there must be a way to __16__.
Slim found that they were close and were __17__ by the fallen stones and some powder. He started to dig with the kitchen knife. He felt __18__ from his fingers. Finally, he removed the last piece of larger stones. Slim touched Nicole’s one hand, then dug the __19__ stones of her body. Finally, Nicole had a __20__ breathing slowly. Two people sat on the ground and hugged together.
【解题导语】 本文描述了在一次地震中，一对夫妻互相鼓励、相互帮助，一起战胜困难，最终幸免于难的感人故事。
1．A.Suddenly B．Actually
C．Unfortunately D．Really
A 解析：根据文意判断，大地震的发生是很突然的。suddenly突然地；actually实际上；unfortunately不幸地；really真实地，确实。
2．A.recent B．rapid
C．second D．best
B 解析：根据语境可知，丈夫反应很快，马上意识到发生了地震。recent最近的；rapid迅速的；second第二的；best最好的。
3.A.warned B．Frightened
C．jumped D．shouted
D 解析：丈夫大声呼喊，让妻子到洗手间躲避地震。下文的shouting也有暗示。warn警告，往往指事情发生之前的行为，不符合语境。frighten惊吓；jump跳；shout大喊大叫。
4．A.used up B．found out
C．took up D．put away
C 解析：妻子拿起急救箱，向洗手间跑去。take up当“拿起”讲，符合语境。use up用光，耗尽；find out找到，发现；put away收藏起来，储存起来。
5.A.burning B．shaking
C．falling D．moving
B 解析：根据语境可知，房子在地震中剧烈地摇晃起来。burn燃烧；shake摇晃；fall倒塌；move移动。
6.A.tool B．cook
C．fork D．knife
D 解析：最后一段有提示，丈夫用刀子在废墟中挖掘，寻找妻子。tool工具；cook厨师；fork叉；knife刀子。
7.A.However B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Besides
A 解析：前后是转折关系，丈夫想帮助妻子，但突然的爆炸使周围变得漆黑一片。however然而；therefore因此；instead代替，反而；besides而且，另外。
8.A.bright B．cloudy
C．dark D．blank
C 解析：根据后文可知，突然的爆炸使得周围漆黑一片。其他选项不符合语境。bright明亮的；cloudy多云的；dark漆黑的；blank空白的，茫然的。
9.A.lay B．crashed
C．broke D．bent
B 解析：此处指房子轰然倒塌。crash当“撞碎”讲，符合语境。break down的意思是“中断，分解”。
10.A.ruins B．ashes
C．dirt D．pieces
A 解析：根据语境和常识可知答案，Nicole很快被埋在了废墟中。ruins废墟；ash灰烬；dirt尘土；piece碎片。
11.A.senseless B．impractical
C．impossible D．invaluable
C 解析：已经被埋，想站起来是不可能的，senseless无意义的；impractical不切实际的；impossible不可能的；invaluable非常宝贵的。
12.A.normal B．usual
C．flat D．silent
D 解析：地震过后一切陷入沉寂。flat平的，此处强调的是两人的听觉，而不是视觉，因此不符合逻辑。normal正常的；usual平常的；silent寂静的。
13.A.steps B．breath
C．movements D．pauses
B 解析：short breath“短促的呼吸声”，符合语境。step步伐；breath呼吸；movement移动；pause停顿。
14.A.response B．sign
C．hope D．result
A 解析：由下一句“他可能昏过去了”可知，妻子呼唤丈夫，但丈夫没有应答。response回应；sign迹象；hope希望；result结果。
15.A.touched B．held
C．calmed D．called
C 解析：跟前面的“鼓励”构成并列关系，此处只能表示“安慰，让对方镇静下来”。touch接触；hold握住，举行；calm镇静下来；call打电话。
16.A.relax B．communicate
C．succeed D．escape
D 解析：根据语境可知，夫妇两人充满信心，认为他们一定能够逃出去。relax放松；communicate交流；succeed成功；escape逃离。
17.A.wrapped B．separated
C．fastened D．limited
B 解析：根据前文“两人挨得很近”可知，此处强调两人被碎石等隔开。wrap包裹，缠绕；separate分开；fasten系牢；limit限制。
18.A.pain B．cold
C．water D．warmth
A 解析：丈夫使劲在废墟中挖掘，手指都疼了。pain疼痛；cold寒冷；water水；warmth温暖。
19.A.sticking B．dealing
C．surrounding D．spreading
C 解析：最后丈夫把围在妻子身边的碎石等清理掉。stick刺，粘贴；deal处理；surround围绕；spread扩散。
20.A.complete B．constant
C．steady D．weak
C 解析：丈夫把妻子从废墟中解救了出来，因此她的呼吸开始变得平稳。complete完全的；constant不断的；steady平稳的；weak虚弱的。
课件40张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of NatureModule 3 The Violence of NatureModule 3 The Violence of NatureModule 3 The Violence of NatureModule 3 The Violence of NatureModule 3 The Violence of Naturedisasterfloodcausefurnitureburyoccurexperienceviolentstrike飓风闪电雷暴龙卷风柱状物；柱状体海流；潮流纬度羽毛(动物的)毛皮热带的赤道旋转的；循环的pick up take offon averageof all timebe experienced at/in sth.end up but leave the furniture inside exactly where
it was causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuriesBy the time it ended 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
Hurricane Babette reached the northeastern United States today and caused death and destruction everywhere. The killer storm carried winds of 135 miles per hour. The high winds and heavy rains, together with the force of the Atlantic Ocean, created extremely dangerous waves. It is not yet known how many people died or were hurt in this storm, but it is said that the numbers will be very high. The damage to homes, business and crops will run into billions of dollars. Now that the storm is over, the long, slow rebuilding will begin.
With the arrival of the tornado season, the National Weather Service is again telling people how to protect themselves from these deadly storms. The winds from tornadoes are the most violent winds on earth. They can blow up to 400 miles per hour. A tornado looks like a funnel(漏斗). It is also very loud. It may sound like a train coming at you. In fact, the winds from a tornado can pick up a train and throw it around. If a tornado is seen in your area, it is very important that you protect yourself. A basement(地下室) is the safest place to go. Try to wait under a table in the basement. If your building does not have a basement, stay on the ground floor but lie flat under a bed or table. Stay away from windows. If you are outside or in your car, try to find a narrow place to lie down in.
As the area tries to deal with the worst flood of the century, there are many heartwarming stories of people helping other people. From all over the world people have sent food and clothes to help the thousands who have had to leave their homes. Many volunteers have come to help to make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river. While the result of this disaster will be terrible for many, it is beautiful to see people coming together to help others and save lives and property(财产)．
【解题导语】 本文讲述了自然灾害带给人们的灾难、在灾难中人们该如何自救，以及灾难中会发生的温暖人心的助人故事。
1．What are the three short paragraphs about?
A．Newspaper articles about the weather.
B．Bad weather forecasts in newspapers.
C．Introduction to climate in different places.
D．Popular science on climate.
A 解析：主旨大意题。第一段讲述飓风造成的损失，第二段讲述龙卷风中人们如何自救，第三段讲述了在这些灾难中人们的表现。故这篇文章应该是一篇关于天气的新闻稿。
2．According to the passage, a person who sees a tornado in his area, had better NOT ________．
A．stay on the ground floor but lie down under a bed
B．go to the basement and wait under a table
C．find a deep narrow place to lie down in
D．drive his car away as fast as possible
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句中的“or in your car, try to find a narrow place to lie down in”可知应该停车而不是快速行驶。
3．We can learn from the passage that ________．
A．Hurricane Babette damaged the northwestern coast of US
B．when there’s flooding, sandbags can be made and used to build walls
C．the National Weather Service often takes measures to protect the local people
D．people are often reminded of how to protect themselves from snowstorm
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river”可知沙袋可以筑成墙抗洪。
B
Seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit(山顶) of Pacaya for a close-up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week Festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2，560 metres high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit：the McKenney Cone(火山锥). Just as though you are going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
【解题导语】 红色的熔岩从火山口喷薄而出冲向百米高空，与黑色的天幕相映生辉，来自大自然的力量令游客叹为观止，流连忘返。
4．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B．To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C．To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D．To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
A 解析：写作意图题。B项“描述Pacaya之美”；C项“介绍去Pacaya的旅行”；D项“解释Pacaya大自然的力量”。这三项在本文中都是点到为止，其最终目的是想吸引游客去Pacaya。
5．Antigua is an island ________．
A．where people can enjoy cultural festival
B．where the daring Pacaya tour starts
C．that gives a close-up view of Pacaya
D．that is famous for its tour companies
B 解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“No matter when you come to Antigua, you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies.”可知，这里是冒险之游的起点。
6．Climbing to the McKenney Cone, people will ________．
A．walk directly to the active summit
B．hear the continuous loud noise from above
C．make greater efforts than to other summits
D．see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段第三句中的“Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit”可知D项正确。
7．Many tours are timed for people to ________．
A．get down the mountain in time when night falls
B．avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C．enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D．appreciate the scenery of the 2，560-metre-high mountain
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知，要准时到达火山锥才能欣赏到日落及岩浆喷发到漆黑天空中的壮观景色。
完形填空
In the morning, Slim got up and prepared breakfast for his wife as usual. Nicole, his wife，was listening to music in the bedroom. __1__， he felt that his body was shaking. Slim had the __2__ response that there was an earthquake! He __3__ quickly, “Dear, earthquake! Go to the toilet！”Nicole heard the shouting, __4__ the first aid box quickly and ran into the toilet. The house was __5__ even more dramatically.
Bathroom was the next door to the kitchen. Slim picked up a kitchen __6__ and two pieces of bread outside the kitchen. Slim tried to run along the wall to help Nicole. __7__， it got __8__ suddenly with an explosion. The house __9__ down and many things fell from above. Nicole was quickly buried in __10__ . She felt breathing very difficult. She tried to stand up, but __11__ .
A few minutes later, the land was __12__. Nicole heard the sound of short __13__ and thought it was Slim! She shouted to him but no __14__！ He probably fainted.Nicole kept saying his name and she finally heard a response. Two people encouraged and __15__ each other. They knew that there must be a way to __16__.
Slim found that they were close and were __17__ by the fallen stones and some powder. He started to dig with the kitchen knife. He felt __18__ from his fingers. Finally, he removed the last piece of larger stones. Slim touched Nicole’s one hand, then dug the __19__ stones of her body. Finally, Nicole had a __20__ breathing slowly. Two people sat on the ground and hugged together.
【解题导语】 本文描述了在一次地震中，一对夫妻互相鼓励、相互帮助，一起战胜困难，最终幸免于难的感人故事。
1．A.Suddenly B．Actually
C．Unfortunately D．Really
A 解析：根据文意判断，大地震的发生是很突然的。suddenly突然地；actually实际上；unfortunately不幸地；really真实地，确实。
2．A.recent B．rapid
C．second D．best
B 解析：根据语境可知，丈夫反应很快，马上意识到发生了地震。recent最近的；rapid迅速的；second第二的；best最好的。
3.A.warned B．Frightened
C．jumped D．shouted
D 解析：丈夫大声呼喊，让妻子到洗手间躲避地震。下文的shouting也有暗示。warn警告，往往指事情发生之前的行为，不符合语境。frighten惊吓；jump跳；shout大喊大叫。
4．A.used up B．found out
C．took up D．put away
C 解析：妻子拿起急救箱，向洗手间跑去。take up当“拿起”讲，符合语境。use up用光，耗尽；find out找到，发现；put away收藏起来，储存起来。
5.A.burning B．shaking
C．falling D．moving
B 解析：根据语境可知，房子在地震中剧烈地摇晃起来。burn燃烧；shake摇晃；fall倒塌；move移动。
6.A.tool B．cook
C．fork D．knife
D 解析：最后一段有提示，丈夫用刀子在废墟中挖掘，寻找妻子。tool工具；cook厨师；fork叉；knife刀子。
7.A.However B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Besides
A 解析：前后是转折关系，丈夫想帮助妻子，但突然的爆炸使周围变得漆黑一片。however然而；therefore因此；instead代替，反而；besides而且，另外。
8.A.bright B．cloudy
C．dark D．blank
C 解析：根据后文可知，突然的爆炸使得周围漆黑一片。其他选项不符合语境。bright明亮的；cloudy多云的；dark漆黑的；blank空白的，茫然的。
9.A.lay B．crashed
C．broke D．bent
B 解析：此处指房子轰然倒塌。crash当“撞碎”讲，符合语境。break down的意思是“中断，分解”。
10.A.ruins B．ashes
C．dirt D．pieces
A 解析：根据语境和常识可知答案，Nicole很快被埋在了废墟中。ruins废墟；ash灰烬；dirt尘土；piece碎片。
11.A.senseless B．impractical
C．impossible D．invaluable
C 解析：已经被埋，想站起来是不可能的，senseless无意义的；impractical不切实际的；impossible不可能的；invaluable非常宝贵的。
12.A.normal B．usual
C．flat D．silent
D 解析：地震过后一切陷入沉寂。flat平的，此处强调的是两人的听觉，而不是视觉，因此不符合逻辑。normal正常的；usual平常的；silent寂静的。
13.A.steps B．breath
C．movements D．pauses
B 解析：short breath“短促的呼吸声”，符合语境。step步伐；breath呼吸；movement移动；pause停顿。
14.A.response B．sign
C．hope D．result
A 解析：由下一句“他可能昏过去了”可知，妻子呼唤丈夫，但丈夫没有应答。response回应；sign迹象；hope希望；result结果。
15.A.touched B．held
C．calmed D．called
C 解析：跟前面的“鼓励”构成并列关系，此处只能表示“安慰，让对方镇静下来”。touch接触；hold握住，举行；calm镇静下来；call打电话。
16.A.relax B．communicate
C．succeed D．escape
D 解析：根据语境可知，夫妇两人充满信心，认为他们一定能够逃出去。relax放松；communicate交流；succeed成功；escape逃离。
17.A.wrapped B．separated
C．fastened D．limited
B 解析：根据前文“两人挨得很近”可知，此处强调两人被碎石等隔开。wrap包裹，缠绕；separate分开；fasten系牢；limit限制。
18.A.pain B．cold
C．water D．warmth
A 解析：丈夫使劲在废墟中挖掘，手指都疼了。pain疼痛；cold寒冷；water水；warmth温暖。
19.A.sticking B．dealing
C．surrounding D．spreading
C 解析：最后丈夫把围在妻子身边的碎石等清理掉。stick刺，粘贴；deal处理；surround围绕；spread扩散。
20.A.complete B．constant
C．steady D．weak
C 解析：丈夫把妻子从废墟中解救了出来，因此她的呼吸开始变得平稳。complete完全的；constant不断的；steady平稳的；weak虚弱的。
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
,
experience n．经验；经历
vt.经历；体验
(教材P21)Have you ever experienced a flood?
你曾经经历过洪灾吗？
(1)have experience in sth. 在某方面有经验
from/by experience 凭经验；从经验中(得出)
(2)experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的
be experienced in sth. 在某方面有经验
①Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.
我们国家在过去的三十年里经历了巨大的变化。
②(2016·北京卷)We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school. 我们做得如此好，因此学校邀请我们与全校学生分享我们的想法和经验。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①a.Our English teacher has much experience in teaching.
b．There’s no point in telling her everything—you just have to let her learn by/from experience.
②Hearing his travelling experiences,__I knew that he was an__experienced traveler.(experience)
experience常出现在语法填空中。作名词用时，表“经验”时，是不可数名词；表“经历”时，是可数名词。作动词用时意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。
cause n．原因，起因；理由；动机；事业
vt.引起；导致
(教材P21)Do you know anything about the events? For example, what causes them?
你知道有关这些事件的事情吗？比方说，什么引起了它们？
(1)the cause of... ……的原因
cause and effect 因果关系
(2)cause sb.sth. 给某人带来某事
cause sb./sth.to do sth. 导致某人/某物做某事
①The insecticide used on some weeds can cause health problems.
喷洒在野草上的杀虫剂会引发各种健康问题。
②The food was excellent—I had no cause for complaint.
饭菜好极了，我没有理由抱怨。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①a.The reason for his driving so fast was that he would attend an important meeting.
b．As is often the case, carelessness is often the cause of failure.
②I think that we have to figure out what caused the price of oil to__go(go) up as soon as possible.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③根据最近一项研究表明， 饮过量的咖啡与心脏病并没有必然的因果关系。
According to a recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack are not necessarily cause__and__effect．
cause指使某事发生的原因，常与of连用。而reason解释做某事的原因，常与for连用，后也可接why引导的定语从句。
occur vi.发生，出现；想起
(教材P23)Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国东南部德克萨斯州到北部南达科塔州一带地区。
sth. occurs to sb. 某事浮现在某人的脑海中；
某人想到某事
It occurs to sb.that.../to do sth.
某人突然想起……
①Flu often occurs in winter and spring.
流感经常发生在冬季和春季。
②(2017·江苏卷)A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China.
中国有可能发生年轻从业人员大幅度减少的问题。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(陕西卷)Ralph W．Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.
②It never occurred to her to__ask(ask) for anyone when she was in trouble.
③It occurred to me that I had left the umbrella upstairs.
表示“某人想到……”还可以用下列句式：
It strikes/hits sb.that...
sth. strikes sb.
sth. comes to sb.
sb.hits on/upon sth.
pick up 卷起，掀起；拾起，捡起；(偶然)学会；
中途把……带走；用车接；收听到；好转；恢复(健康)
(教材P23)Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town. 龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车甚至房子，把它们卷到邻近的街道——或者甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中pick up的含义
①The Young Pioneer turned over to the police the wallet that he had picked up in the street.拾起；__捡起
②Will you please pick up my parcel at the post office as you pass by.中途把……带走
③If you live in Paris, I am sure you will pick up French easily.学会
④Business has been very poor but they expect it to pick up again before Christmas.好转
⑤It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.收听
pick out 挑选；分辨出；领会
[链接写作]——完成句子
⑥那对双胞胎如此相似，我几乎认不出哪个是汤姆。
The twins were so much alike；I could hardly pick__out Tom.
⑦昨天他在接他女儿的路上捡到了一个钱包。
He picked__up a wallet on the way to picking__up his daughter yesterday.
on (an/the) average 平均起来
(教材P23)On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.
美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风， 造成大约80人死亡， 1 500人受伤。
an average of... 平均有……
above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下
①On average, we receive ten letters each day.
我们平均每天收到10封信。
②It is said that the time spent on homework by the Chinese students is more than four hours a day on average.
据说，中国学生每天花在作业上的平均时间超过四个小时。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Our teacher asks us to read English for an hour every day on average.
②Parents spend an average of $200 a year on toys for their children in the USA.
③Would you rate this book as excellent, above average, average, below average, or poor?
strike n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(疾病)侵袭；撞击；罢工
vt.(struck, struck/stricken)使突然想起；打动；划(火柴)；(钟)敲；击打
(教材P23)By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.
到19世纪90年代后期， 他已迁到加尔维斯顿，并于1899年在那里去世。第二年， 飓风袭击了那里。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中strike的含义
①(谚语)Strike while the iron is hot.击打
②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.打动
③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning. (钟)敲
④It suddenly struck me that we had taken the wrong road.使想起
(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想到……
It strikes sb.that.../to do... 某人突然想到……
strike sb. in/on the＋身体部位
击打某人某部位
(2)be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑤(朗文辞典)A snowball struck him on the back of the head.
⑥(2019·哈师大附中高一期中)You can’t help being__struck(strike) by her kindness when you see her.
⑦a.Thousands of workers in that city are on strike now to get a pay rise.
b．Last month, thousands of workers in that city went on strike to get a pay rise.
[链接写作]——一句多译
他想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
⑧It__occurred__to__him__that he had left his keys in the office.(occur)
⑨It__hit__him__that he had left his keys in the office.(hit)
⑩It__struck__him__that he had left his keys in the office.(strike)
bury vt.埋葬；埋藏；用……覆盖
(教材P23)The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan’s coffin ended up in the sea. 埋葬科格伦的墓地被飓风破坏， 他的棺材最后被卷进了大海。
(1)bury... in/at/under... 将……埋在……
(2)be buried in＝bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于
be buried in thought 沉思
①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
②(牛津词典)You will have to bury yourself in your studies if you want to pass the exam.
如果你想通过考试，就得专心致志地学习。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2019·哈三中高一期中)The old photos buried(bury)at the bottom of the suitcase reminded me of those happy old days.
②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying(bury) her head in the book in her hands.
③a.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
b．When I entered the room, I found him burying(bury) his face in his hands.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
由于他埋头于书本，他没注意到其他人已经离开了。
④(普通表达)Because he buried__himself__in/was__buried__in his book, he didn’t notice that all the others had left.
⑤(高级表达)Burying__himself__in__his__book,__he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(现在分词作状语)
⑥(高级表达)Buried__in__his__book,__he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(过去分词作状语)
表示“埋头于；致力于”的短语还有：
be devoted to＝devote oneself to 专心于，致力于
be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心于
concentrate on 集中精力于，专心于
fix one’s attention on 全神贯注于，专心于
(教材P23)The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan’s coffin ended up in the sea. 埋葬科格伦的墓地被飓风破坏， 他的棺材最后被卷进了大海。
end up with 以……结束 (后接表具体事物的名词)
end up in 以……结束 (后接表抽象概念的名词)
end up＋adj./doing...
以…… (状况) 而告终
end up as... 最终成为/变成……
①You’ll soon end up in debt if you keep on spending money that way.
如果你继续那样花钱， 你很快就会负债的。
②He tried several different jobs and ended up as a lawyer.
他尝试了几种不同的工作，最后当了一名律师。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·山西太原高一期中)The closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympic Games ended up with Beijing 8-minute show.
b．His experiment ended up in failure but he didn’t lose heart.
②(浙江卷)Mary worked here as a temporary secretary and ended up getting(get) a full-time job with the company.
③If you keep driving your car like that, you’ll end up dead(die)．
leave＋宾语＋宾补
(教材P23)They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
它们能毁掉房屋， 却将里面的家具留在原处。
句中leave the furniture inside exactly where it was为“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构， 该句式意为“让/使某人(物)继续处于某种状态、 某地等”。该句式中leave为及物动词， 意思是“使处于……；听任……”。leave的常见结构如下：
leave＋宾语＋
①Please leave the books where they were.
请把书放在原来的地方。
②I can’t leave such an important matter unfinished.
我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①His parents died two years ago, leaving(leave) him a poor orphan.
②a.Don’t leave the water running(run) while you brush your teeth.
b．(天津卷)He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched(untouch)．
③Leave the windows closed(close) or you will breathe polluted air.
[链接写作]——完成句子
④总是要把东西放在最容易找到的地方。
Always leave__things__where__you__can__find__them without effort.
⑤让你的孩子顺其自然，他们会健康地成长。
Leave__your__kids__as__they__are and they will grow in a healthy way.
(教材P23)On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.
美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风， 造成大约80人死亡， 1 500人受伤。
本句中的causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries 是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时， 其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。
(1)现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果，有时可加thus表强调；
(2)不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表强调。
①Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.
她丈夫十年前去世了， 留给她三个需要照顾的孩子。
②He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold.
他淋了雨，因此感冒了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Much new and high technology has been introduced from America, thus resulting(result) in a great increase in the production of the company.
②(2019·江苏常州高一期末)Many parents don’t take their kids’ interests and ages into consideration, only to__find(find) “more haste, less speed”—their curiosity is being killed.
[链接写作]——一句多译
雨天持续了几日，破坏了我们去野餐的计划。(ruin)
③The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, ruining our plan for a picnic.(现在分词作结果状语)
④The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, which__ruined our plan for a picnic.(非限制性定语从句)
⑤The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, so__that__it__ruined our plan for a picnic.(so that引导结果状语从句)
by the time＋时间状语从句
(教材P23)By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2，700 had been injured.
到这次飓风结束时， 共有700多人死亡， 2 700多人受伤。
by the time在此引导时间状语从句， 意为“到……时候为止”。by the time用作连词引导时间状语从句的具体用法如下：
(1)by the time＋一般过去时，主句通常用过去完成时；
by the time＋一般现在时，主句通常用将来完成时或一般将来时。
(2)by the end of＋过去的时间，句子的谓语动词用过去完成时；
by the end of＋将来的时间，句子的谓语动词用将来完成时。
①By the time we reached home, he had already left for work.
当我们回到家时，他已经去上班了。
②By the time we got home, my mother had already finished cooking supper.
我们到家的时候，妈妈已经把晚饭做好了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①a.By the time I saw the angry expression on his face, I had__known(know) what I had to face.
b．By the time you graduate, we will__have__lived(live) in Australia for one year.
②a.The project had__been__completed(complete) by the end of 2018.
b．By the end of this summer，she will__have__understood(understand) what everybody is saying.
品句填词
1．He sat there silently, with his head buried(掩埋) in his hands.
2．An unexpected storm occurred(发生) when we were enjoying the pleasant voyage at the Yellow Sea.
3．I helped him choose furniture(家具) for his new house yesterday.
4．Although he is young, he is an experienced(有经验的) English teacher.
5．A violent (猛烈的) storm swept the whole city, causing(引起) many people to lose their homes.
6．People standing under a tree in a thunderstorm are likely to be struck(袭击) by lightning.
7．One million and five hundred thousand people died in natural disasters(灾害) between 2000 and 2018.
8．The high tree was struck by lightning(闪电) and fell down.
单句改错
1．He was turned down in getting the job, for he had no work experiences. experiences→experience
2．We were going to go out, but ended up watch TV at home.watch→watching
3．Buried himself in his study, he didn’t notice what was happening outside.Buried→Burying或去掉himself
4．They have bought some furnitures for their new home, mostly second-hand.furnitures→furniture
5．It occurred him that he had an important meeting to attend the next morning. occurred后加to
课文语法填空
A tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
Tornadoes can cause much 1.destruction(destroy).2.On average there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year. The 3.worst(bad) one of all time occurred in 1925, 4.affecting(affect) three US states. By the time it ended, more than 700 people 5.had__been__killed (kill) and 2，700 had been injured.
Hurricanes are strong tropical storms. There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, 6.which cause bad weather. There 7.are(be) about six Atlantic hurricanes each year. The worst hurricane disaster 8.occurred(occur) on the 8th September 1900.The disaster killed 6，000 people in 9.a population of 37，000 and destroyed 3，600 10.buildings(build)．
单句语法填空
1．He is an officer with ambition, who has many unusual experiences(experience)．
2．The flight takes off at midnight in Shanghai and lands about one and a half hours later in Tianjin.
3．On average, men smoke more cigarettes than women.
4．If he continues like this, he will end up lifting(lift) a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
5．(2019·天津耀华中学高一月考)In many countries more and more forests and even agricultural land are being lost to development, causing(cause) much of the land to become desert.
6．A good idea occurred(occur) to him when he was asked to solve the problem.
7．One day at daycare I watched an extremely tired mother attempt to pick up her daughter.
8．Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing(guess) and makes them use their imagination.
9．The first time he met the girl he was__struck(strike) by her wisdom and fell in love with her.
10．Buried(bury) in his study, he didn’t notice that his parents had left.
阅读理解
A
As sea levels climb, even Washington D. C. could see more frequent and widespread flooding at high tide.
Strong storms and high winds sometimes bring floods to coastal areas. But cities and towns along the US East Coast are flooding even in calm and sunny weather. Among them is Maryland’s capital Annapolis. Tourists there must sometimes walk through water flooding downtown streets surrounding the habor. Sometimes water covers roads in Atlantic City, N. J. Even the yards and basements of coastal homes near New York City sometimes flood.
All are suffering from this trend—normal high tides surpass(超过) a rising sea level. Sea levels have climbed, on average, about 20 centimeters(8 inches) over the past 135 years. And a sharp increase in tide flooding is one of the more visible impacts affecting many coastal areas, notes William Sweet, an oceanographer.
Sweet and his co-workers recently analyzed data from 45 tide gauges(计量表) along the US coasts. These tools record the changing heights of tides as they rise and fall. From these data, Sweet’s team calculated the number of“troublesome floods” in various coastal cities. These floods, Sweet explains, typically occur when water level is about 30 centimeters(1 foot) above the historic level of the highest tides. In June 2014, the team reported finding a growing rise in these flooding events.
In Charleston, S．C, from 1957 to 1963, the city experienced troublesome floods an average of 4.6 days per year. But from 2007 to 2013, the occurring rate of troublesome floods jumped five times. Annapolis city was even more serious. From 1957 to 1963, troublesome floods were roughly 3.8 days per year. From 2007 to 2013, the average was 10 times higher—39.3 days a year.
“Over the next few decades, climate change probably drives sea levels even higher，”Sweet says.“So today’s flooding problems promise to become only more widespread and frequent.”
【解题导语】 本文向我们说明了随着海平面上升， 洪水发生得更频繁、 更广泛， 并列举了洪水带来的灾难， 科学家们对洪水问题的研究，同时说明了气候变化对洪水的影响。
1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly developed by?
A．Using examples.
B．Analyzing causes.
C．Making comparisons.
D．Following time order.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Tourists there must sometimes walk through water flooding downtown streets surrounding the habor. Sometimes water covers roads in Atlantic City, N．J. Even the yards and basements of coastal homes near New York City sometimes flood. 可知本段是通过举例子来说明强风暴所带来的影响， 所以A选项是正确的。
2．Why are more flooding problems caused?
A．Because the river levels have been climbing.
B．Because climate has changed over the years.
C．Because the weather conditions are not stable.
D．Because people are living too close to harbors.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the next few decades，climate change probably drives sea levels even higher，”Sweet says.“So today’s flooding problems promise to become only more widespread and frequent.”可知近年来洪水给我们造成了很多问题是因为气候变化。所以B选项是正确的。
3．What can be inferred according to the data in Paragraph 5?
A．There has been a growing rise in these analyzed flooding events.
B．The changes of heights of tides are usually in a small range.
C．The floods in coastal cities often occur when water level is above 1 foot.
D．The number of troublesome floods gradually gets less.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的But from 2007 to 2013, the occurring rate of troublesome floods jumped five times. Annapolis city was even more serious. From 1957 to 1963, troublesome floods were roughly 3.8 days per year. From 2007 to 2013，the average was 10 times higher—39.3 days a year. 可知本段是通过列举一些数据向我们分析了洪水发生的事件在不断增加， 所以A选项是正确的。
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．Sweet’s team.
B．A flood research.
C．The US East Coast.
D．American oceanographers.
B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文是关于洪水的研究， 所以B选项是正确的。
B
The early life of the green sea turtle(海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1，000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood(成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes, and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.
The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.
As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece of plastic(塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells(壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.
Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。海龟的成活非常不易，从出生到成年，它们需要面对各种各样的危险。
5．Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?
A．They dislike sunshine.
B．They need to avoid enemies.
C．They can find food easily then.
D．They prefer lower temperatures.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“Instead, it is greeted by crabs...eat it for dinner.”可知，刚出生的小海龟选择在夜间爬向大海是为了避免天敌的袭击。
6．What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?
A．Pitiful. B．Careless.
C．Interesting. D．Courageous.
A 解析：推理判断题。作者在第三段描述了人类给海龟带来的严重威胁，表达了对小海龟的深切同情。
7．What can we learn about sea turtles?
A．They mainly feed on fish and meat.
B．They can live for around forty years.
C．They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.
D．They visit their beach homes several times a year.
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“This is the only place where she will lay eggs.”可知，雌性海龟只在她的出生地产卵。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．The homes of green sea turtles.
B．How sea turtles find their food.
C．The dangers faced by sea turtles.
D．How young turtles become adults.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海龟从小到大面临的各种危险。
七选五
How Can I Get Self-motivation?
When you are feeling less than motivated, it can be easy to fall behind on your work, personal life and aspirations. When this mood strikes, it is important to dig deep down and find a way to pull yourself through it to become the self-motivated person that you long to be.
1．________ For example, if your final goal is to do a 5 kilometers’ run, make running a half mile without stopping your first level of achievements. It doesn’t have to be achieved all at once, but little by little. When you feel that you have fully reached your first level, move on to the next. Having a final goal and setting steps to get there can help you have mini-achievements. 2.________
When you want to reach a certain goal, it often helps to imagine already achieving it. You may be able to be more self-motivated if you keep track of your progress. 3.________ Put one picture on the top of each page, and underneath, write what you did to reach that goal. If there are too few words on the page, it may be time to step up your efforts.
Special quotations can be a good way to inspire self-motivation. Find a quote that moves you and inspires you in a way that no other set of words has before. 4.________ Look at it on a daily basis, and use it as a way to inspire you to be more self-motivated.
5．________ Even on days when your motivation is lacking, there are ways that you can do what you need to do. If you want to be more self-motivated, it takes a lot of sweat and drive, but it can eventually produce the results that you are longing for.
A．This practice can increase your drive to keep on going.
B．It is you that have to motivate yourself to achieve your goal.
C．Consider setting different levels of achievements for yourself.
D．If possible, turn those words into an art print and hang it in your home.
E．Consider creating a journal with pictures of what you want to accomplish.
F．An important way to be self-motivated is to push forward to get what you want.
G．Being self-motivated can be difficult at times, but the effort usually reaps the rewards.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了如何进行自我激励。
1．C 解析：本段讲述了把目标分成一个一个的小部分， 一点一点地实现目标。所以此处选“考虑为自己设置不同水平的目标”符合语境。故选C。
2．A 解析：由前一句“有了终极目标并一步一步地去实现它， 这能够让你取得一些小的成就”可知， 此处选“这种做法会增加你前进的动力”符合语境。故选A。
3．E 解析：根据空后一句中的“one picture”可知， E项符合语境。
4．D 解析：本段讲述了用格言激励自己。D项“可能的话， 把这句格言变成艺术字悬挂在你家里”与下文“每天看它来激励自己”衔接， 符合语境。故选D。
5．G 解析：最后一段进行总结。G项“有时自我激励会很难， 但是努力通常会有回报”与下文相符。
课件49张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of Natureinby/fromexperiencesexperiencedforofto gocause and effecttoto askIt 拾起； 捡起中途把……带走学会好转收听pick outpicked uppicking uponanabovebelow击打打动(钟)敲使想起onbeing struckononIt occurred to him thatIt hit him thatIt struck him thatburiedburyingburiedburyingburied himself in/was buried inBurying himself in his bookBuried in his bookwithingettingdeadleavingrunninguntouchedclosedleave things where you can find themLeave your kids as they areresultingto findruiningwhich ruinedso that it ruinedhad knownwill have livedhad been completedwill have understood本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．He sat there silently, with his head buried(掩埋) in his hands.
2．An unexpected storm occurred(发生) when we were enjoying the pleasant voyage at the Yellow Sea.
3．I helped him choose furniture(家具) for his new house yesterday.
4．Although he is young, he is an experienced(有经验的) English teacher.
5．A violent (猛烈的) storm swept the whole city, causing(引起) many people to lose their homes.
6．People standing under a tree in a thunderstorm are likely to be struck(袭击) by lightning.
7．One million and five hundred thousand people died in natural disasters(灾害) between 2000 and 2018.
8．The high tree was struck by lightning(闪电) and fell down.
单句改错
1．He was turned down in getting the job, for he had no work experiences. experiences→experience
2．We were going to go out, but ended up watch TV at home.watch→watching
3．Buried himself in his study, he didn’t notice what was happening outside.Buried→Burying或去掉himself
4．They have bought some furnitures for their new home, mostly second-hand.furnitures→furniture
5．It occurred him that he had an important meeting to attend the next morning. occurred后加to
课文语法填空
A tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
Tornadoes can cause much 1.destruction(destroy).2.On average there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year. The 3.worst(bad) one of all time occurred in 1925, 4.affecting(affect) three US states. By the time it ended, more than 700 people 5.had__been__killed (kill) and 2，700 had been injured.
Hurricanes are strong tropical storms. There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, 6.which cause bad weather. There 7.are(be) about six Atlantic hurricanes each year. The worst hurricane disaster 8.occurred(occur) on the 8th September 1900.The disaster killed 6，000 people in 9.a population of 37，000 and destroyed 3，600 10.buildings(build)．
单句语法填空
1．He is an officer with ambition, who has many unusual experiences(experience)．
2．The flight takes off at midnight in Shanghai and lands about one and a half hours later in Tianjin.
3．On average, men smoke more cigarettes than women.
4．If he continues like this, he will end up lifting(lift) a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
5．(2019·天津耀华中学高一月考)In many countries more and more forests and even agricultural land are being lost to development, causing(cause) much of the land to become desert.
6．A good idea occurred(occur) to him when he was asked to solve the problem.
7．One day at daycare I watched an extremely tired mother attempt to pick up her daughter.
8．Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing(guess) and makes them use their imagination.
9．The first time he met the girl he was__struck(strike) by her wisdom and fell in love with her.
10．Buried(bury) in his study, he didn’t notice that his parents had left.
阅读理解
A
As sea levels climb, even Washington D. C. could see more frequent and widespread flooding at high tide.
Strong storms and high winds sometimes bring floods to coastal areas. But cities and towns along the US East Coast are flooding even in calm and sunny weather. Among them is Maryland’s capital Annapolis. Tourists there must sometimes walk through water flooding downtown streets surrounding the habor. Sometimes water covers roads in Atlantic City, N. J. Even the yards and basements of coastal homes near New York City sometimes flood.
All are suffering from this trend—normal high tides surpass(超过) a rising sea level. Sea levels have climbed, on average, about 20 centimeters(8 inches) over the past 135 years. And a sharp increase in tide flooding is one of the more visible impacts affecting many coastal areas, notes William Sweet, an oceanographer.
Sweet and his co-workers recently analyzed data from 45 tide gauges(计量表) along the US coasts. These tools record the changing heights of tides as they rise and fall. From these data, Sweet’s team calculated the number of“troublesome floods” in various coastal cities. These floods, Sweet explains, typically occur when water level is about 30 centimeters(1 foot) above the historic level of the highest tides. In June 2014, the team reported finding a growing rise in these flooding events.
In Charleston, S．C, from 1957 to 1963, the city experienced troublesome floods an average of 4.6 days per year. But from 2007 to 2013, the occurring rate of troublesome floods jumped five times. Annapolis city was even more serious. From 1957 to 1963, troublesome floods were roughly 3.8 days per year. From 2007 to 2013, the average was 10 times higher—39.3 days a year.
“Over the next few decades, climate change probably drives sea levels even higher，”Sweet says.“So today’s flooding problems promise to become only more widespread and frequent.”
【解题导语】 本文向我们说明了随着海平面上升， 洪水发生得更频繁、 更广泛， 并列举了洪水带来的灾难， 科学家们对洪水问题的研究，同时说明了气候变化对洪水的影响。
1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly developed by?
A．Using examples.
B．Analyzing causes.
C．Making comparisons.
D．Following time order.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Tourists there must sometimes walk through water flooding downtown streets surrounding the habor. Sometimes water covers roads in Atlantic City, N．J. Even the yards and basements of coastal homes near New York City sometimes flood. 可知本段是通过举例子来说明强风暴所带来的影响， 所以A选项是正确的。
2．Why are more flooding problems caused?
A．Because the river levels have been climbing.
B．Because climate has changed over the years.
C．Because the weather conditions are not stable.
D．Because people are living too close to harbors.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over the next few decades，climate change probably drives sea levels even higher，”Sweet says.“So today’s flooding problems promise to become only more widespread and frequent.”可知近年来洪水给我们造成了很多问题是因为气候变化。所以B选项是正确的。
3．What can be inferred according to the data in Paragraph 5?
A．There has been a growing rise in these analyzed flooding events.
B．The changes of heights of tides are usually in a small range.
C．The floods in coastal cities often occur when water level is above 1 foot.
D．The number of troublesome floods gradually gets less.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的But from 2007 to 2013, the occurring rate of troublesome floods jumped five times. Annapolis city was even more serious. From 1957 to 1963, troublesome floods were roughly 3.8 days per year. From 2007 to 2013，the average was 10 times higher—39.3 days a year. 可知本段是通过列举一些数据向我们分析了洪水发生的事件在不断增加， 所以A选项是正确的。
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．Sweet’s team.
B．A flood research.
C．The US East Coast.
D．American oceanographers.
B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文是关于洪水的研究， 所以B选项是正确的。
B
The early life of the green sea turtle(海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1，000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood(成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes, and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.
The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.
As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece of plastic(塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells(壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.
Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。海龟的成活非常不易，从出生到成年，它们需要面对各种各样的危险。
5．Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?
A．They dislike sunshine.
B．They need to avoid enemies.
C．They can find food easily then.
D．They prefer lower temperatures.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“Instead, it is greeted by crabs...eat it for dinner.”可知，刚出生的小海龟选择在夜间爬向大海是为了避免天敌的袭击。
6．What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?
A．Pitiful. B．Careless.
C．Interesting. D．Courageous.
A 解析：推理判断题。作者在第三段描述了人类给海龟带来的严重威胁，表达了对小海龟的深切同情。
7．What can we learn about sea turtles?
A．They mainly feed on fish and meat.
B．They can live for around forty years.
C．They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.
D．They visit their beach homes several times a year.
C 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“This is the only place where she will lay eggs.”可知，雌性海龟只在她的出生地产卵。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．The homes of green sea turtles.
B．How sea turtles find their food.
C．The dangers faced by sea turtles.
D．How young turtles become adults.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海龟从小到大面临的各种危险。
七选五
How Can I Get Self-motivation?
When you are feeling less than motivated, it can be easy to fall behind on your work, personal life and aspirations. When this mood strikes, it is important to dig deep down and find a way to pull yourself through it to become the self-motivated person that you long to be.
1．________ For example, if your final goal is to do a 5 kilometers’ run, make running a half mile without stopping your first level of achievements. It doesn’t have to be achieved all at once, but little by little. When you feel that you have fully reached your first level, move on to the next. Having a final goal and setting steps to get there can help you have mini-achievements. 2.________
When you want to reach a certain goal, it often helps to imagine already achieving it. You may be able to be more self-motivated if you keep track of your progress. 3.________ Put one picture on the top of each page, and underneath, write what you did to reach that goal. If there are too few words on the page, it may be time to step up your efforts.
Special quotations can be a good way to inspire self-motivation. Find a quote that moves you and inspires you in a way that no other set of words has before. 4.________ Look at it on a daily basis, and use it as a way to inspire you to be more self-motivated.
5．________ Even on days when your motivation is lacking, there are ways that you can do what you need to do. If you want to be more self-motivated, it takes a lot of sweat and drive, but it can eventually produce the results that you are longing for.
A．This practice can increase your drive to keep on going.
B．It is you that have to motivate yourself to achieve your goal.
C．Consider setting different levels of achievements for yourself.
D．If possible, turn those words into an art print and hang it in your home.
E．Consider creating a journal with pictures of what you want to accomplish.
F．An important way to be self-motivated is to push forward to get what you want.
G．Being self-motivated can be difficult at times, but the effort usually reaps the rewards.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了如何进行自我激励。
1．C 解析：本段讲述了把目标分成一个一个的小部分， 一点一点地实现目标。所以此处选“考虑为自己设置不同水平的目标”符合语境。故选C。
2．A 解析：由前一句“有了终极目标并一步一步地去实现它， 这能够让你取得一些小的成就”可知， 此处选“这种做法会增加你前进的动力”符合语境。故选A。
3．E 解析：根据空后一句中的“one picture”可知， E项符合语境。
4．D 解析：本段讲述了用格言激励自己。D项“可能的话， 把这句格言变成艺术字悬挂在你家里”与下文“每天看它来激励自己”衔接， 符合语境。故选D。
5．G 解析：最后一段进行总结。G项“有时自我激励会很难， 但是努力通常会有回报”与下文相符。
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
,
重点单词
写作词汇
1.ruin vt. 毁坏
2.previous adj. 以前的
3.earthquake n. 地震
4.worldwide adj. 全世界的
5.active adj. 积极的；活跃的
6.damage n．&v. 损失；损害
拓展词汇
7.possibility n．可能；可能性→possible adj.可能的→likely/probable(近义词)
8.terrifying adj.吓人的；可怕的→terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrify vt.使惊恐；使受惊吓
9.luckily adv.幸运地；幸亏→luck n．运气，好运→lucky adj.幸运的
10.thankfully adv.感激地；满怀感谢地→thankful adj.感激的
11.hopefully adv.满怀希望地；有希望地→hope vt.&n.希望→hopeful adj.满怀希望的；有希望的
12.sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地→sadness n．悲伤→sad adj.悲伤的
13.fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气
14.warning n．警告→warn v．警告
阅读词汇
15.ash n． 灰
16.erupt vt. (火山的)爆发；喷发
17.lava n. 熔岩；岩浆
18.tidal adj. 受潮水影响的；有涨落的
19.volcano n. 火山
20.eruption n. (火山的)爆发；喷发
重点短语
1.set__fire__to 放火(焚烧)……
2.catch__fire 着火
3.put__out 扑灭(火)
4.take__place 发生
5.from__side__to__side 从一边到另一边
6.cover__an__area__of 占据……面积
7.in__all 总共；总计
8.a__total__of 总共
重点句型
1.there is/was the possibility of...有……的可能性：When the lava reached the sea, there__was__the__possibility__of(有……的可能) a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
2．the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that＋定语从句(从句中多用完成时)：The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the__worst__earthquake__that__has__ever__happened(发生的最严重的一次地震) in the United States.
3．过去分词短语作定语：Fires caused__by__the__California__Earthquake(加利福尼亚地震引起的) did the most damage.
4．现在分词短语作结果状语：The fires burned for three days, destroying__a__total__of__25，000__buildings(损害了总共25 000座建筑物)．
5．make＋宾语＋宾补：About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were__made__homeless(无家可归).
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．How many earthquakes happen in the world a year?
A．About two.
B．More than 100，000.
C．About 400.
D．More than 12，000.
2．What did the most damage in the California Earthquake in 1906?
A．Fires caused by the earthquake.
B．The Earthquake itself.
C．3，000 deaths in the earthquake.
D．The movement on the San Andreas Fault.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．More than a hundred earthquakes occur worldwide in a year.
B．The earthquake happening in Shaanxi Province in 1556 caused 830，000 people killed.
C．The California Earthquake only lasted to 5：15 a．m.
D．In the California Earthquake the fires caused about 3，000 deaths.
答案：1－3.BAB
,
①worldwide[?w??ld'waId]adj.全世界的
②be situated in坐落于，位于
③active['?ktIv]adj.积极的；活跃的
其比较级、最高级是分别在其前加more，most。
④affect vt.影响
effect n．影响，注意区分词形。
⑤cover an area of覆盖面积达……
⑥population n．人口
当“人口”讲作主语时，谓语动词用单数；若其前有分数或百分数修饰，谓语动词一般用复数。
⑦in all总共；总计
⑧lose one’s life牺牲，丧生
⑨worst为bad的最高级。
⑩take place发生
?last vi.持续(一段时间)
此处last是不及物动词。
?however表转折。
在句子中，however一般用逗号与其他部分隔开。
?cause vt.引起；导致
cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事
?damage['d?mId?]n.& v．损失；损害
damage为不可数名词，do/cause damage to对……造成损失。
?a total of总数……
?make sb.homeless使某人无家可归此处用了make的被动语态。
?in the whole of在整个……
?deaths指“死亡人数”。
?continue to do/doing sth.继续做某事
Earthquakes Around the Pacific
About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide①every day，more than a hundred thousand in a year.
China is situated in②one of the most active③earthquake regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes.The most serious of these occurred in Hua County in Shaanxi Province in 1556.The earthquake affected④eight provinces in Central China.It covered an area of⑤800 square kilometres.In some communities, 60 percent of the population⑥were killed.In all⑦， 830，000 people lost their lives⑧.
◆there have been为there be结构的现在完成式。
The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst⑨earthquake that has ever happened in the United States. It took placeB10at 5：15 a．m.，and lasted?for only a minute.However?， it caused?the worst natural disaster in the nation’s history.
Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage?.The fires burned for three days, destroying a total of?25，000 buildings. About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were made homeless?.In the whole of?California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3，000 deaths?.
◆that has ever happened...是that引导的定语从句，修饰earthquake。此处that不能换为which，因为先行词earthquake前有最高级修饰。
◆过去分词短语caused by the California Earthquake作定语，修饰Fires，可转换成that/which were caused by the California Earthquake。
◆现在分词短语destroying a total of 25，000 buildings作结果状语。
The 1906 earthquake was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault.One hundred years later，movements on the San Andreas Fault continue?to cause problems for the whole of California.
环太平洋地区的地震
世界上每天大约会发生400次地震，每年会发生10万多次。
中国位于世界上地震活动最频繁的地区之一，并且已经发生了很多次可怕的地震。最严重的一次于1556年发生在陕西省的华县。那次地震影响了中国中部的8个省份，波及800平方千米。在一些社区里，60%的人口丧生。总共83万人丧生。
1906年4月18日的加利福尼亚地震是迄今为止发生在美国的最严重的一次地震。它发生在凌晨5：15，持续了仅一分钟。然而，它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害。
加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾造成了最严重的损失。大火燃烧了3天，损坏了总共25 000座建筑物。在旧金山，大约有500人死亡，25万人无家可归。在整个加利福尼亚，这次地震和火灾导致大约3 000人死亡。
1906年的地震是由圣安德烈亚斯断层上的运动引起的。100年以后，圣安德烈亚斯断层上的运动仍然给整个加利福尼亚带来问题。
,
ruin vt.毁灭，毁坏
n．毁灭；废墟(ruins)
(教材P24)She returned home and found all her furniture had been ruined by the flood.
她回到家发现所有的家具都已被洪水毁坏了。
in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 毁灭；崩塌
bring sth. to ruin 使某物毁灭
①Don’t stay up too late. It might ruin your health.
不要熬夜，你的健康可能会受损。
②What has brought his hope to ruin?
是什么使他的希望落空了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is no wonder that the building is in ruins now；it caught so big a fire last night.
②We visited the ruins of the Old Summer Palace last winter. It was__ruined by the foreign invaders. Seeing the ruined palace, we felt very sad.(ruin)
③A large number of houses fell into ruin after the earthquake.
damage表示“损害，损坏”，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复。常见搭配：do/cause damage to；destroy表示“破坏，毁灭”，使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复；ruin表示“毁坏，破坏”，使某物丧失功能、 价值，更强调破坏的彻底性，还可指破坏美好的事物。
[巧学活用]——选词填空(damage/destroy/ruin)
④The palace was destroyed completely rather than was slightly damaged,__which can’t be repaired, leaving only ruins．
⑤(辽宁卷)The accident caused some damage to my car, but it’s nothing serious.
set fire to sth.(＝set sth.on fire) 放火(焚烧)……
(教材P25)Ash and lava poured down the mountain, setting fire to hundreds of houses.
火山灰和岩浆从山上流下来，引燃了成百上千所房子。
on fire 着火(强调状态)
catch fire 着火(强调动作)
make a fire 生火
put out the fire 灭火
It was reported that several youths had set fire to the police car/set the police car on fire.
据报道，几个年轻人纵火烧了那辆警车。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①燃烧的烟头导致了宾馆失火，火灾持续了两个小时，造成两人死亡，五人受伤。
A burning cigarette end set__fire__to the hotel and it was on__fire for two hours, causing two deaths and five injuries.
②如果你想去野外露营，你得学会生火。
If you want to go camping in the wild, you should learn how to make__a__fire．
③正是当他到家的时候，那房子着火了。
It was just when he got home that the house caught__fire．
put out 熄灭；扑灭；生产
(教材P25)We put all the fires out.
我们扑灭了所有的火。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中put out的含义
①He put out the cigarette immediately he heard his father coming back.熄灭
②If you don’t put the fire out immediately, it will soon set the whole forest on fire.扑灭
③The factory puts out 300 new cars every week this year.生产
put up 举起；张贴；建造；支起；
为……提供食宿
put off 推迟，拖延
put on 穿上；上演；增加
put down 放下；记下；镇压
put up with 忍受
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
④We shall be happy to put you up when you come to town next month.
⑤As far as I know, the sports meet has been put off until next week because of the bad weather.
⑥(2019·广东深圳高一期末)Too much meat and sugar may cause you to put on weight very easily.
⑦She will have to find some other work, for she can’t put up with this loud noise any more.
(教材P25)Is a volcanic eruption taking place now？
火山喷发现在还在发生吗？
(1) take the place of 代替
take one’s place 代替；就座
in place of 代替
(2)in place 在合适的位置
out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的
①The evening party will take place on New Year’s Eve.
晚会将在除夕那天举行。
②Great changes have taken place in China since the 1980s.
自从20世纪80年代以来中国发生了很大的变化。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。
The manager will be away on business and I’ll take__his__place/take__the__place__of__him during his absence.
②有些书放的地方不对，这使得整个房间乱七八糟的。你最好把这些书放在适当的地方。否则，找到它们很困难。
Some of these books are out__of__place,__making the whole room messy. You’d better put these books in__place．Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.
take place为不及物动词短语，无被动形式，多指预先计划、安排要发生的事情；突然发生则用happen或occur。
in all 总计，总共
(教材P29)In all, 830，000 people lost their lives.
总共83万人丧生。
above all 最重要的是；尤其是
after all 毕竟，终究，归根结底(句首)；
别忘了(句尾或句中)
at all (否定句)根本；(疑问句)到底；究竟
first of all 首先
①There were twelve people in all present at the meeting.
共有十二个人出席了会议。
②After dinner, I looked at the bill and found that it was 200 yuan in all, including the wine.
晚饭以后，我看了看账单，发现总共花费了200元，包括酒。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①为了让队员做得更好，训练者首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。
To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first__of__all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.
②你根本不应该责备那个男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
You shouldn’t have scolded the boy at__all;__he is a child after__all;__above__all,__he made only two mistakes in__all．
there is/was the possibility of
(教材P25)When the lava reached the sea, there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
当岩浆到达大海时， 有可能引起巨大的潮汐， 淹没半个岛屿。
句中there is/was the possibility of...结构，表示“有……的可能性”。
(1)there is no possibility of... 没有……的可能性
(2)there is the/a/no possibility that... 有/没有……的可能性(that引导同位语从句)
①There is no possibility of his coming tonight because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，他今晚不可能来。
②Take your umbrella; there’s a strong possibility that it will rain.
带上伞吧，很有可能会下雨。
[链接写作]——一句多译
他可能在比赛中获得第一名。
①There__is__a__possibility__that he will win the first place in the competition.(possibility)
②There__is__a__possibility__of his winning the first place in the competition.(possibility)
③It__is__possible__that he will win the first place in the competition.(possible)
表示“有可能做某事”的句型还有：
(1)sb./sth. be likely to do...
(2)It is likely that...
(3)It is possible (for sb.) to do/that...
(4)It is probable that...
品句填词
1．Fortunately(幸运的是), I got the last ticket for Friday’s concert.
2．She takes an active(积极的) part in all kinds of after-school activities.
3．I accepted the invitation to my friend’s birthday party hopefully(满怀希望地)．
4．Mary was terrified(害怕) at the scene when she saw what had happened.
5．The new square is four times the size of the previous(先前的) one.
6．You are supposed to fully consider any possibility(可能性) of defeat before stepping into business.
7．Despite the warning(警告) from the local government, the travelers went to play by the sea.
8．This could cause seriousdamage(破坏) to the country’s economy.
单句改错
1．David is one of the most intelligent students that we had ever met.had→have
2．Several of the passengers were hurt and one was taken to hospital in this traffic accident.Lucky, none was killed.Lucky→Luckily
3．From his terrifying look, we could see the boy was terrified of the stranger.terrifying→terrified
4．The whole city lay in ruin after the earthquake, which made them lie awake all night.ruin→ruins
5．Is there any possibility whether we get there in time？whether→that
课文语篇改错
About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred thousands in a year.
The California Earthquake of 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake which has ever happened in the United States. Though it was lasted for only a minute, it caused the worse natural disaster in the nation’s history.
Fires causing by the California Earthquake did the most damages. The fires burned for three days, destroyed a total of 25，000 buildings. About 500 people are killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3，000 death.
答案：
About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred in a year.
The California Earthquake of 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake has ever happened in the United States. Though it lasted for only a minute, it caused the natural disaster in the nation’s history.
Fires by the California Earthquake did the most . The fires burned for three days, a total of 25，000 buildings. About 500 people killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3，000 .
单句语法填空
1．—The building was on fire for two hours last night.
—Someone must have set fire to it.
2．The soldiers were sent to that area immediately to save the people trapped in the ruins(ruin)．
3．Chinese is one of the easiest languages that I have__learnt(learn)．
4．He spent very little time learning English, perhaps no more than one year in all.
5．This kind of poor packing can easily cause damage to the goods.
6．(2019·广东佛山高一月考)Do you think there is any possibility(possible) that life exists on that planet?
7．I got to the station late, but luckily(luck) the train was still there.
8．—Do you know how the building caught fire?
—No. But the fire had__been__put(put) out already before we arrived.
9．I gave him a warning(warn) not to go there, but he didn’t follow it.
10．The children were terrified(terrify) by the scream coming from the basement.
阅读理解
We often hear the saying，“You’ve a greater chance of being struck by lightning than...”It is used to describe something that hasn’t got much chance of happening. However, this common saying undermines(削弱) the very real danger of lightning.
Last Friday, at least five people were killed by lightning in Nepal. Lightning strikes are the second most common cause of deaths among natural disasters in the US. The first is floods. Around 400 people nationwide are struck by lightning each year, and of those, about 73 people die. More people are killed by lightning than by tornadoes and hurricanes.
Because lightning kills only one or two people at a time, its danger does not receive as much attention as other disasters.
To raise awareness(意识) of the damage of lightning, the US has made June 22－28 National Lightning Safety Week; it aims to warn the public of the danger of lightning and provide safety tips about what to do during thunderstorms.
“If you can hear thunder(雷), you are in danger of being struck by lightning，”said Rocky Lopes, a disaster educator at the American Red Cross.
“Thunder means that lightning is close enough to hit you at any minute, so you should move indoors immediately and stay there until the storm has ended. The single most important thing to remember is to find a hiding place，”Lopes said.
Summer is the time for most lightning storms, so when lightning strikes across the sky, remember these safety tips: stop working, fishing, swimming or playing in an open area.
If you count less than ten seconds between the thunder and the lightning flash, take cover inside the nearest building. If that is not possible, follow these instructions：
Do not stand under a tree.
Do not use a mobile phone.
Get off bicycles or motorcycles.
Crouch(蹲下) down if there is no hiding place.
【解题导语】 本文就怎样避免雷击给出了一些建议。
1．The popular opinion about being struck by lightning is that________．
A．there is a greater chance of being killed by lightning than by any other natural disaster
B．it is the most dangerous among all the natural disasters
C．the chance that a person to be struck by lightning is very small
D．it is impossible for people to be killed by lightning
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知。“hasn’t got much chance of happening”和“the chance is very small”的意思一致， 指可能性很小。
2．On average, about________ of people struck by lightning die as a result.
A．18.25% B．50%
C．30% D．73%
A 解析：数字计算题。由第二段提供的信息可推算概率为73÷400×100%＝18.25%。
3．Among all the safety tips, the most important one is that when you are outside and hear thunder you should ________．
A．stand beside your bicycle or motorcycle
B．quickly find a place to hide
C．count ten seconds between the thunder and the lightning
D．not use a hair drier
B 解析：细节理解题。由第六段第一句的后半句可知。
4．During thunderstorms, you should not ________．
A．enter a place to hide
B．turn off the TV
C．close your window
D．use your mobile phone
D 解析：细节理解题。从文章末尾的“Do not use a mobile phone.”可知。
完形填空
On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to __1__ and the subway system almost came to a stop.
Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were __2__ to go home. Some battled to __3__ a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the __4__ bravely, walking miles to get to work. I __5__ to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most __6__ had stopped. After making my way __7__ crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was __8__. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to __9__ the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the __10__. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train __11__ my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was __12__ through, exhausted and __13__．
My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5：00 p．m., I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer __14__ I received an e-mail from Garth, my Director：
“I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and __15__ reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰的), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their __16__ to their jobs. Thank you.”
Garth’s e-mail was short, but I learned more from that __17__ message than I ever did from a textbook. The e-mail taught me that a few words of __18__ can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic __19__ had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately __20__ me and put a smile back on my face.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了在暴风雨来袭时，仍有很多人坚持去上班，但心情不免有些沮丧，而经理的一封感谢信却使人精神重新振作起来，揭示了“表扬给人以力量和信心”这个主题。
1．A.break B．flood
C．sink D．crash
B 解析：可怕的暴风雨造成的后果是洪水“泛滥”，所以选B。 flood“大量涌入；泛滥”，符合语境。
2．A.forced B．refused
C．adjusted D．gathered
A 解析：地铁的停止运行“迫使”上班的人不得不回家。 force“强迫；迫使”；sb. be forced to do sth.“某人被迫做某事”。
3．A.order B．pay
C．call D．search
C 解析：根据语境，此处应是“叫出租车”，即call a taxi。order“预定”；pay“付款”；call“呼叫”；search“搜寻”。
4．A.climate B．scenery
C．storm D．burden
C 解析：联系上文，上班高峰时期遇见暴风雨，很多人不得不回家，一些人奋力呼叫出租车或坐公交车，还有一些人“勇敢地面对________，步行几英里去上班”，可知此处应填storm“暴风雨”。
5．A.used B．promised
C．deserved D．happened
D 解析：“我”“恰好”是那天早晨去上班的人之一。 used to do“过去常常做”；promise to do“允诺，答应做”；deserve to do“值得做”；happen to do“碰巧做”。根据题意应选D。
6．A.practice B．routine
C．process D．service
D 解析：“我”沿着地铁线一路寻找结果却发现大部分的地铁都停了。 service“(公用事业的)公共设施(的运转)”。
7．A.to B．through
C．over D．for
B 解析：艰难地“穿过”人群用through，指从内部穿过。through crowds of people 意为“穿过人群”。
8．A.operating B．cycling
C．turning D．rushing
A 解析：“我”终于发现一条仍在“运行”的地铁线。 operate“运转，运行”，符合题意。
9．A.check B．carry
C．find D．board
D 解析：board the subway“上地铁”。 board“登(飞机、车、船等)”。
10．A.street B．ground
C．floor D．platform
D 解析：等着上地铁的人太多了，“我”甚至不能走下台阶到站台那里去。 platform“站台，月台”，符合题意。
11．A.paused B．crossed
C．reached D．parked
C 解析：好像过了很久列车终于“到达”了“我”要去的站点。 reach“到达”；pause“暂停”；cross“通过”；park“停车”。根据题意应选C。
12．A.wet B．weak
C．sick D．hurt
A 解析：“我”在暴风雨中步行几个街区到达办公室后当然全身都“湿透”了。 wet through“都湿透了”，与虚弱、疾病、受伤都不相关。
13．A.ashamed B．discouraged
C．surprised D．puzzled
B 解析：“我”步行几个街区，全身湿透，当然是感到“筋疲力尽”并且“垂头丧气”。 discouraged“沮丧的；垂头丧气的”。
14．A.while B．when
C．where D．after
B 解析：be about to do sth. when...“正要做某事，就在那时……”，为固定句型。
15．A.hardly B．casually
C．absolutely D．eventually
D 解析：“我要感谢你们这些所有做出努力最终来上班的人”。 eventually“最终”，符合题意。
16．A.devotion B．donation
C．connection D．reaction
A 解析：员工们明确表示出对工作的忠于职守这件事总是让人欣慰的。 devotion“奉献；投入”；donation“捐赠”；connection“联系”；reaction“反应”。根据题意可知选A。
17．A.accurate B．urgent
C．brief D．humorous
C 解析：由前边的short可知“我”从这封“简短的”邮件里学到的东西要比以前从教科书中学到的多。 accurate“精确的”；urgent“紧急的”；brief“简单的，简短的”；humorous“幽默的”。根据题意选C。
18．A.promise B．appreciation
C．advice D．guidance
B 解析：句意：这封感谢的邮件使“我”认识到几句感谢的话会有极大的影响。words of appreciation“感激的话”。
19．A.troubles B．signals
C．rules D．signs
A 解析：由上文可知“我”辗转乘车才到达了工作地点，因此用traffic troubles“交通带来的不便、麻烦”，而不是交通信号或是规则。 signal“信号”；rule“规则”；sign“符号”。
20．A.corrected B．supported
C．amazed D．refreshed
D 解析：暴风雨和交通不便使我疲惫和烦恼，而一封感谢信使“我”“恢复”了精神。 refresh“使……恢复精神；使……生气勃勃”。
课件46张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of Natureruin previousearthquake worldwideactivedamagepossibilityterrifyingluckilythankfullyhopefully sadlyfortunatelywarning灰(火山的)爆发；喷发熔岩；岩浆受潮水影响的；有涨落的火山 (火山的)爆发；喷发set fire tocatch fireput outtake placefrom side to sidecover an area of in alla total ofthere was the possibility ofthe worst earthquake that has ever happened caused by the California Earthquakedestroying a total of 25，000 buildingswere made homelessinruinswas ruinedruinedintodestroyeddamagedruinsdamageset fire toon firemake a firecaught fire熄灭扑灭生产up offonwithtake his place/take the place of himout of placein placefirst of allat allafter all; above allin allThere is a possibility thatThere is a possibility ofIt is possible that本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Fortunately(幸运的是), I got the last ticket for Friday’s concert.
2．She takes an active(积极的) part in all kinds of after-school activities.
3．I accepted the invitation to my friend’s birthday party hopefully(满怀希望地)．
4．Mary was terrified(害怕) at the scene when she saw what had happened.
5．The new square is four times the size of the previous(先前的) one.
6．You are supposed to fully consider any possibility(可能性) of defeat before stepping into business.
7．Despite the warning(警告) from the local government, the travelers went to play by the sea.
8．This could cause seriousdamage(破坏) to the country’s economy.
单句改错
1．David is one of the most intelligent students that we had ever met.had→have
2．Several of the passengers were hurt and one was taken to hospital in this traffic accident.Lucky, none was killed.Lucky→Luckily
3．From his terrifying look, we could see the boy was terrified of the stranger.terrifying→terrified
4．The whole city lay in ruin after the earthquake, which made them lie awake all night.ruin→ruins
5．Is there any possibility whether we get there in time？whether→that
课文语篇改错
About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred thousands in a year.
The California Earthquake of 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake which has ever happened in the United States. Though it was lasted for only a minute, it caused the worse natural disaster in the nation’s history.
Fires causing by the California Earthquake did the most damages. The fires burned for three days, destroyed a total of 25，000 buildings. About 500 people are killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3，000 death.
答案：
About 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred in a year.
The California Earthquake of 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake has ever happened in the United States. Though it lasted for only a minute, it caused the natural disaster in the nation’s history.
Fires by the California Earthquake did the most . The fires burned for three days, a total of 25，000 buildings. About 500 people killed in the city of San Francisco and 250，000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3，000 .
单句语法填空
1．—The building was on fire for two hours last night.
—Someone must have set fire to it.
2．The soldiers were sent to that area immediately to save the people trapped in the ruins(ruin)．
3．Chinese is one of the easiest languages that I have__learnt(learn)．
4．He spent very little time learning English, perhaps no more than one year in all.
5．This kind of poor packing can easily cause damage to the goods.
6．(2019·广东佛山高一月考)Do you think there is any possibility(possible) that life exists on that planet?
7．I got to the station late, but luckily(luck) the train was still there.
8．—Do you know how the building caught fire?
—No. But the fire had__been__put(put) out already before we arrived.
9．I gave him a warning(warn) not to go there, but he didn’t follow it.
10．The children were terrified(terrify) by the scream coming from the basement.
阅读理解
We often hear the saying，“You’ve a greater chance of being struck by lightning than...”It is used to describe something that hasn’t got much chance of happening. However, this common saying undermines(削弱) the very real danger of lightning.
Last Friday, at least five people were killed by lightning in Nepal. Lightning strikes are the second most common cause of deaths among natural disasters in the US. The first is floods. Around 400 people nationwide are struck by lightning each year, and of those, about 73 people die. More people are killed by lightning than by tornadoes and hurricanes.
Because lightning kills only one or two people at a time, its danger does not receive as much attention as other disasters.
To raise awareness(意识) of the damage of lightning, the US has made June 22－28 National Lightning Safety Week; it aims to warn the public of the danger of lightning and provide safety tips about what to do during thunderstorms.
“If you can hear thunder(雷), you are in danger of being struck by lightning，”said Rocky Lopes, a disaster educator at the American Red Cross.
“Thunder means that lightning is close enough to hit you at any minute, so you should move indoors immediately and stay there until the storm has ended. The single most important thing to remember is to find a hiding place，”Lopes said.
Summer is the time for most lightning storms, so when lightning strikes across the sky, remember these safety tips: stop working, fishing, swimming or playing in an open area.
If you count less than ten seconds between the thunder and the lightning flash, take cover inside the nearest building. If that is not possible, follow these instructions：
Do not stand under a tree.
Do not use a mobile phone.
Get off bicycles or motorcycles.
Crouch(蹲下) down if there is no hiding place.
【解题导语】 本文就怎样避免雷击给出了一些建议。
1．The popular opinion about being struck by lightning is that________．
A．there is a greater chance of being killed by lightning than by any other natural disaster
B．it is the most dangerous among all the natural disasters
C．the chance that a person to be struck by lightning is very small
D．it is impossible for people to be killed by lightning
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知。“hasn’t got much chance of happening”和“the chance is very small”的意思一致， 指可能性很小。
2．On average, about________ of people struck by lightning die as a result.
A．18.25% B．50%
C．30% D．73%
A 解析：数字计算题。由第二段提供的信息可推算概率为73÷400×100%＝18.25%。
3．Among all the safety tips, the most important one is that when you are outside and hear thunder you should ________．
A．stand beside your bicycle or motorcycle
B．quickly find a place to hide
C．count ten seconds between the thunder and the lightning
D．not use a hair drier
B 解析：细节理解题。由第六段第一句的后半句可知。
4．During thunderstorms, you should not ________．
A．enter a place to hide
B．turn off the TV
C．close your window
D．use your mobile phone
D 解析：细节理解题。从文章末尾的“Do not use a mobile phone.”可知。
完形填空
On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to __1__ and the subway system almost came to a stop.
Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were __2__ to go home. Some battled to __3__ a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the __4__ bravely, walking miles to get to work. I __5__ to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most __6__ had stopped. After making my way __7__ crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was __8__. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to __9__ the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the __10__. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train __11__ my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was __12__ through, exhausted and __13__．
My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5：00 p．m., I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer __14__ I received an e-mail from Garth, my Director：
“I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and __15__ reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰的), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their __16__ to their jobs. Thank you.”
Garth’s e-mail was short, but I learned more from that __17__ message than I ever did from a textbook. The e-mail taught me that a few words of __18__ can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic __19__ had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately __20__ me and put a smile back on my face.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了在暴风雨来袭时，仍有很多人坚持去上班，但心情不免有些沮丧，而经理的一封感谢信却使人精神重新振作起来，揭示了“表扬给人以力量和信心”这个主题。
1．A.break B．flood
C．sink D．crash
B 解析：可怕的暴风雨造成的后果是洪水“泛滥”，所以选B。 flood“大量涌入；泛滥”，符合语境。
2．A.forced B．refused
C．adjusted D．gathered
A 解析：地铁的停止运行“迫使”上班的人不得不回家。 force“强迫；迫使”；sb. be forced to do sth.“某人被迫做某事”。
3．A.order B．pay
C．call D．search
C 解析：根据语境，此处应是“叫出租车”，即call a taxi。order“预定”；pay“付款”；call“呼叫”；search“搜寻”。
4．A.climate B．scenery
C．storm D．burden
C 解析：联系上文，上班高峰时期遇见暴风雨，很多人不得不回家，一些人奋力呼叫出租车或坐公交车，还有一些人“勇敢地面对________，步行几英里去上班”，可知此处应填storm“暴风雨”。
5．A.used B．promised
C．deserved D．happened
D 解析：“我”“恰好”是那天早晨去上班的人之一。 used to do“过去常常做”；promise to do“允诺，答应做”；deserve to do“值得做”；happen to do“碰巧做”。根据题意应选D。
6．A.practice B．routine
C．process D．service
D 解析：“我”沿着地铁线一路寻找结果却发现大部分的地铁都停了。 service“(公用事业的)公共设施(的运转)”。
7．A.to B．through
C．over D．for
B 解析：艰难地“穿过”人群用through，指从内部穿过。through crowds of people 意为“穿过人群”。
8．A.operating B．cycling
C．turning D．rushing
A 解析：“我”终于发现一条仍在“运行”的地铁线。 operate“运转，运行”，符合题意。
9．A.check B．carry
C．find D．board
D 解析：board the subway“上地铁”。 board“登(飞机、车、船等)”。
10．A.street B．ground
C．floor D．platform
D 解析：等着上地铁的人太多了，“我”甚至不能走下台阶到站台那里去。 platform“站台，月台”，符合题意。
11．A.paused B．crossed
C．reached D．parked
C 解析：好像过了很久列车终于“到达”了“我”要去的站点。 reach“到达”；pause“暂停”；cross“通过”；park“停车”。根据题意应选C。
12．A.wet B．weak
C．sick D．hurt
A 解析：“我”在暴风雨中步行几个街区到达办公室后当然全身都“湿透”了。 wet through“都湿透了”，与虚弱、疾病、受伤都不相关。
13．A.ashamed B．discouraged
C．surprised D．puzzled
B 解析：“我”步行几个街区，全身湿透，当然是感到“筋疲力尽”并且“垂头丧气”。 discouraged“沮丧的；垂头丧气的”。
14．A.while B．when
C．where D．after
B 解析：be about to do sth. when...“正要做某事，就在那时……”，为固定句型。
15．A.hardly B．casually
C．absolutely D．eventually
D 解析：“我要感谢你们这些所有做出努力最终来上班的人”。 eventually“最终”，符合题意。
16．A.devotion B．donation
C．connection D．reaction
A 解析：员工们明确表示出对工作的忠于职守这件事总是让人欣慰的。 devotion“奉献；投入”；donation“捐赠”；connection“联系”；reaction“反应”。根据题意可知选A。
17．A.accurate B．urgent
C．brief D．humorous
C 解析：由前边的short可知“我”从这封“简短的”邮件里学到的东西要比以前从教科书中学到的多。 accurate“精确的”；urgent“紧急的”；brief“简单的，简短的”；humorous“幽默的”。根据题意选C。
18．A.promise B．appreciation
C．advice D．guidance
B 解析：句意：这封感谢的邮件使“我”认识到几句感谢的话会有极大的影响。words of appreciation“感激的话”。
19．A.troubles B．signals
C．rules D．signs
A 解析：由上文可知“我”辗转乘车才到达了工作地点，因此用traffic troubles“交通带来的不便、麻烦”，而不是交通信号或是规则。 signal“信号”；rule“规则”；sign“符号”。
20．A.corrected B．supported
C．amazed D．refreshed
D 解析：暴风雨和交通不便使我疲惫和烦恼，而一封感谢信使“我”“恢复”了精神。 refresh“使……恢复精神；使……生气勃勃”。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
过去完成时的被动语态&直接引语与间接引语
1．(教材P23) By the time it ended, more than 700 people had__been__killed(kill) and 2，700 had__been__injured(injure)．
2．(教材P23)Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had__been__buried(bury) in Texas!
3．(教材P26)He said that eleven thousand people lived(live) there and six thousand had__left (leave) the week before.
4．(教材P26)The reporter asked when people would__be(be) able to return home.
过去完成时的被动语态
1．构成： had＋been＋过去分词
2．用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。常用于before, after, by the time, when等引导的状语从句中，且谓语动词是一般过去时，以及by, before, until＋过去的时间点。
◆(2018·北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
一位救援人员冒着生命危险营救了两个被困在山上两天的游客。
◆(江西卷)By 16：30, which was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
到下午四点半，差不多营业时间结束的时候，几乎所有的画都已经卖光了。
◆The newspaper reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the hurricane.
报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。
直接引语与间接引语
直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫做间接引语。直接引语如改为间接引语，必须在语序、人称、时态和状语方面做相应变化。
1．直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时由连词that引导(that可省略)。
◆Mary said to her friends, “I don’t like computers.”
→Mary said to her friends (that) she didn’t like computers.
2．直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时变成if/whether引导的宾语从句(从句中须用陈述语序)。
3．直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who, whom, when, where, why, how等疑问词引导的宾语从句(注意：从句中须用陈述语序)。
4．直接引语是祈使句， 变间接引语时变为“主语＋ask/order/tell/beg等＋宾语＋动词不定式” 这一句型。
◆He said, “Do it now and don’t put it off until tomorrow.”
→He told me to do it then and not to put it off until the next day.
(1)直接引语变间接引语时， 时态的变化如下：
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
注意：直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言时，变成间接引语时时态不变。当直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时，间接引语仍然用一般过去时。
(2)指示代词、 时间状语、 地点状语等的变化：
直接引语
间接引语
this
that
these
those
now
then
today
that day
续 表
直接引语
间接引语
yesterday
the day before
last year
the year before
ago
before
tomorrow
the next day
next month
the next month
here
there
come
go
bring
take
单句语法填空
1．(2018·江苏卷)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had__been__carried(carry) out in the past two years.
2．By the time his parents came back from work, the sick boy had__been__sent(send) to hospital by their neighbour.
3．As soon as she heard the news that her lost baby had__been__found(find), the excited mother burst into tears.
4．When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had__sold(sell) out.
5．(2019·沈阳二中高一期中)—How was the journey?
—Tiring! I caught the train at the last second and all the seats had__been__occupied (occupy). I stood all the way.
6．The policeman asked the woman whether/if there was anything wrong.
7．Our teacher said that practice makes(make) perfect.
8．Jim told me that he would__visit(visit) the Summer Palace the next week.
9．The captain ordered the soldier to__get(get) it done by two o’clock.
10．(北京卷)I found the lecture hard to follow because it had__started(start) when I arrived.
单句改错
1．The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to his pronunciation. his→my
2．It was reported that more than 1, 000 people had killed in the tornado.killed前面加been
3．He said that some bridges had washed away after the storm. had后加been
4．The teacher asked the students that they were interested in English.that→whether/if
5．John told me that he is going to see the film a second time.is→was
语法与写作
1．做完作业后他上床睡觉了。
After his__homework__had__been__finished,__he went to bed.
2．布朗先生问我是否对科学感兴趣。
Mr. Brown asked me if/whether__I__was__interested__in__science．
3．她告诉我她五年前在那儿住过。
She told me that she had__lived__there five years before.
4．到昨晚9点钟，大部分工作已经完成。
By nine o’clock last night, most of the work had__been__finished．
5．地理老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。
The geography teacher told us that the__earth__travels__around__the__sun．
课件21张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of Naturehad been killedhad been injuredhad been buriedlivedhad leftwould behad been carriedhad been senthad been foundhad soldhad been occupiedwhether/ifmakeswould visitto gethad startedhis→mykilled前面加beenhad后加beenthat→whether/ifis→washis homework had been finishedif/whether I was interested in sciencehad lived therehad been finished the earth travels around the sun本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放Section Ⅴ Writing
自然灾害类文章
文体感知
自然灾害或灾难性事件主要是指自然灾害或人类行为导致的灾难性事件。写作时，要说明灾害发生的时间、地点和危害以及对自然灾害的补救措施、经验教训和建议。注意要采用客观态度，避免主观色彩。
增分佳句
1．灾害的发生：
①There is/was a terrible earthquake/flood in...
②A terrible earthquake/flood hit/struck...
③...happened/took place/broke out.
2．灾害的影响：
①Thousands of people were made homeless.
②The disaster caused...deaths/injuries.
③The flood/earthquake caused great damage/loss to...
3．采取措施及建议：
①At present, fresh water, food and shelters are badly needed.
②Fortunately, international societies offered their helping hands shortly after the earthquake—donating clothes, food and medicine.
③In the meantime, people nationwide are taking an active part in raising money for disaster areas.
④Measures have been taken to help...
写作模板
In the past hundred years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, mud-rock flows, earthquakes and windstorms. The disasters have killed________(造成的伤亡人数), destroyed________(引起其他方面的灾难和经济损失)．
Now more and more people become aware that________(人为的原因). We have cut down________(陈述人类对自然环境的破坏)．
The earth is our only home planet. It is urgent for us to________(采取措施保护环境). Only in this way, can we________(尽最大努力改善环境，减少自然灾害的发生)．
写作要求
2019年夏天， 南方发生了严重的洪涝灾害， 造成了很大的损失。请根据下面3个方面的内容， 写一篇100词左右的英语短文。
1．损失： 农田被毁， 房屋被冲走， 很多人无家可归；
2．洪涝灾害的原因： 下雨达数月， 森林被砍伐， 湖泊被改造成农田；
3．补救措施： 保护河边树木， 重建堤坝， 退田还湖。
审题谋篇
体裁
说明文
时态
一般过去时
主题
介绍自然灾害
人称
第三人称
结构
首段：介绍洪涝灾害的损失；
中段：分析洪涝灾害的原因；
尾段：提出补救措施
词汇推敲
1．发生occur
2．造成了巨大损失cause__a__great__loss
3．砍倒cut__down
4．变成turn__into
5．采取措施做某事take__measures__to__do__sth.
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①农田被毁坏，房屋被冲走，许多人无家可归。
The flood ruined fields, washed away houses, and made__many__people__homeless．
②最后，一些湖泊已经变成了农田，这严重阻碍了水道。
Finally, some lakes had__been__turned__into fields, and this seriously blocked the waterway.
2．句式升级
③用被动语态升级句①
Fields__were__ruined,__houses__were__washed__away,__and__many__people__were__made__homeless__by__the__flood.
④用定语从句升级句②
Finally,__some__lakes__had__been__turned__into__fields,__which__seriously__blocked__the__waterway.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
In the summer of 2019, a big flood occurred in the south. It was very serious and caused a great loss. Fields were ruined, houses were washed away and many people were made homeless.
There are three reasons for the flood. Firstly, it had kept raining for months. Secondly, many forests had been cut down and the soil was washed away. Lastly, some lakes had been turned into fields, which seriously blocked the waterway.
Now, some measures have been taken to prevent floods from happening again. The trees along the rivers have been protected.Old dams have been rebuilt and some fields have been turned back into lakes again.
在过去的几年中，频繁发生自然灾害，如洪水、干旱、地震、飓风等。这些自然灾害使成千上万的人丧生，毁坏无数家园。目前，越来越多的人已经知道这些灾害与人们对自然的破坏有关。那么，我们都做了些什么？你的观点是什么？
请根据上面的提示写一篇100词左右的文章。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
In the past few years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, hurricanes and so on._________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
In__the__past__few__years,__there__have__been__frequent__natural__disasters,__such__as__floods,__earthquakes,__hurricanes__and__so__on.The disasters have killed millions of people, and destroyed many homes.
Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth.We have cut down too many trees in the forests, and we have badly polluted the environment.As a result, climates have become abnormal, rainwater rushes down hillsides angrily, and many buildings are destroyed.
The earth is our only home.It is necessary for us to stop damaging it and to do our best to protect it and make it a lovely place suitable to live in, for we have nowhere to go and survive except where we are now.
单句语法填空
1．He said that the novel had__been__translated(translate) into several languages.
2．When I got up this morning, I found that the rain had__stopped(stop) and the sun was shining.
3．By the time he was 12, my brother had__been__sent(send) to America to study English.
4．He asked her to__do(do) some shopping for him when she went to the supermarket.
5．When he returned to his hometown, he was surprised to find that great changes had__taken__place (take place) in his hometown.
6．(2019·衡水一中高一月考)It was the third time that Tom had__been__punished(punish) for cheating in the exam.
7．—Were you late for the film?
—Very late. Half of it had been shown by the time we reached(reach) the cinema.
8．The police found that a lot of things in the house had__been__stolen(steal)．
9．Tom’s mother told him not to__waste(waste) his time on the computer games.
10．When I phoned Jane, she told me that she was__reading(read) a novel.
阅读理解
Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
“I was eating with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.”
Mrs Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
“There was no time to take anything，”she said.“A few minutes later, the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded(水淹的) area and the welfare department(福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter.
【解题导语】 一场暴风雨席卷了两个村庄。它不仅摧毁了房屋， 也造成了人员伤亡， 还有二百多人无家可归。
1．How many homes altogether were damaged in the storm?
A．Fourteen. B．Twenty-one.
C．Twenty-nine. D．Thirty-six.
D 解析：数字计算题。根据第一段出现的三个数字fourteen, seven, fifteen即可知D为正确答案。
2．Where was Mr Tan when the storm first began?
A．He was in bed.
B．He was inside the house.
C．He was outside the house.
D．He was on the roof.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据“I was eating with my wife and children”可排除A和D, 由下文可知房子倒塌时他在房子内， 故C也不合题意。
3．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．A Terrible Storm
B．A Lucky Woman
C．Good Soldiers
D．Clever People
A 解析：标题归纳题。这篇文章主要描述了暴风雨袭击的过程。选项A作标题最佳。
语法填空
Habit is “a usual behavior”. It’s something that you do all 1.____________time without much thought.
What are your habits? What’s that one thing that is second nature or just comes 2.____________(natural)？For example, if you throw a basketball to Michael Jordan, he 3.____________(catch) it. Even if he is talking, he would likely catch the ball without 4.____________(think) about it. It is natural to him, because he’s been doing it his whole life. 5.____________ years, he practiced and trained to be one of the 6.____________(good) basketball players in history. Jordan’s quote is “If you quit once, it becomes a habit. Never quit！”He fully understands that one 7.____________(decide) will develop a habit 8.____________ could change the course of your future. Michael Jordan’s success lies in his 9.____________(day) habits.
Once you have had your faith and habits, your customers will take notice and your business will succeed. Remember not 10.____________(give) up hope. Work hard and you will succeed in doing everything.
【解题导语】 习惯成自然。一次放弃便可能成为终生的习惯，因此应该像迈克尔·乔丹那样永不言弃，走向辉煌。
1．the 解析：考查冠词。all the time 是固定短语，意为“一直”。
2．naturally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词come，因此需要用其副词形式。
3．will catch 解析：考查动词的时态。这里是表示将会发生的事情，因此用一般将来时。
4．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。without是介词，后接动名词作宾语。
5．For 解析：考查介词。for＋一段时间，在句子中作状语，意为“多少时间以来”。for years意为“几年来，多年来”。
6．best 解析：考查形容词的最高级。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词”表示“最……之一”。此处意思是他练习、训练成为有史以来最为优秀的篮球运动员之一。
7．decision 解析：考查名词。前面用one修饰，故用decide的名词形式。
8．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。先行词是habit，从句缺少主语，因此应该填that或which引导定语从句。
9．daily 解析：考查形容词。所填词位于形容词性物主代词和名词之间，因此应该是形容词；再结合语义可知，此处应填daily。his daily habits他的日常习惯。
10．to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。remember not to do sth.，记得不要做某事。
短文改错
Mr. Smith had a 8-year-old son named Tony, who enjoyed listening to music very much. So he bought a piano to Tony, hoping that he can become a famous pianist one day. The little boy put her heart into practicing the piano day after day and seemed enjoy every minute of it. However, half a year later, he told his father that he was tiring of practicing the piano. Heard this, Mr. Smith said，“Tony, it is one thing to be fond of listening to music. So it is another thing to perform skillful by yourself. You can never play the piano well even if you don’t practice more.”
答案：
Mr. Smith had 8-year-old son named Tony, who enjoyed listening to music very much. So he bought a piano Tony, hoping that he become a famous pianist one day. The little boy put heart into practicing the piano day after day and seemed enjoy every minute of it. However, half a year later, he told his father that he was of practicing the piano. this, Mr. Smith said，“Tony, it is one thing to be fond of listening to music. it is another thing to perform by yourself. You can never play the piano well if you don’t practice more.”
书面表达
假定你是学校志愿者团队的学生李华，为保护城市的自然资源，10月21日你们班到中山公园参加了环保志愿者活动。请你将此事写到你的英语日记中。
写作要点：1.活动内容：捡拾垃圾，分发传单……
2．你对本次活动的感想。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：传单leaflets
October 21st Saturday Fine
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One possible version:
October 21st Saturday Fine
Today our class took part in a meaningful activity organized by the Voluntary Service Club of our school in order to protect the natural environment of the city. In the morning, we went to the Zhongshan Park by bus, talking and laughing all the way. Upon our arrival, we began to work in no time. Some were picking up rubbish while others were collecting the cigarette ends and bottles to throw them into dustbins. After getting the work done, some of us distributed leaflets to raise the public’s awareness of the damage littering can cause.
We have learned much from the voluntary experience, which offers us an opportunity to contribute to the society better. With the joint efforts, our city will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
课件20张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of Natureoccurcause a great losscut downturn intotake measures to do sth.made many people homelesshad been turned into本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
单句语法填空
1．He said that the novel had__been__translated(translate) into several languages.
2．When I got up this morning, I found that the rain had__stopped(stop) and the sun was shining.
3．By the time he was 12, my brother had__been__sent(send) to America to study English.
4．He asked her to__do(do) some shopping for him when she went to the supermarket.
5．When he returned to his hometown, he was surprised to find that great changes had__taken__place (take place) in his hometown.
6．(2019·衡水一中高一月考)It was the third time that Tom had__been__punished(punish) for cheating in the exam.
7．—Were you late for the film?
—Very late. Half of it had been shown by the time we reached(reach) the cinema.
8．The police found that a lot of things in the house had__been__stolen(steal)．
9．Tom’s mother told him not to__waste(waste) his time on the computer games.
10．When I phoned Jane, she told me that she was__reading(read) a novel.
阅读理解
Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
“I was eating with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.”
Mrs Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
“There was no time to take anything，”she said.“A few minutes later, the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded(水淹的) area and the welfare department(福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter.
【解题导语】 一场暴风雨席卷了两个村庄。它不仅摧毁了房屋， 也造成了人员伤亡， 还有二百多人无家可归。
1．How many homes altogether were damaged in the storm?
A．Fourteen. B．Twenty-one.
C．Twenty-nine. D．Thirty-six.
D 解析：数字计算题。根据第一段出现的三个数字fourteen, seven, fifteen即可知D为正确答案。
2．Where was Mr Tan when the storm first began?
A．He was in bed.
B．He was inside the house.
C．He was outside the house.
D．He was on the roof.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据“I was eating with my wife and children”可排除A和D, 由下文可知房子倒塌时他在房子内， 故C也不合题意。
3．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．A Terrible Storm
B．A Lucky Woman
C．Good Soldiers
D．Clever People
A 解析：标题归纳题。这篇文章主要描述了暴风雨袭击的过程。选项A作标题最佳。
语法填空
Habit is “a usual behavior”. It’s something that you do all 1.____________time without much thought.
What are your habits? What’s that one thing that is second nature or just comes 2.____________(natural)？For example, if you throw a basketball to Michael Jordan, he 3.____________(catch) it. Even if he is talking, he would likely catch the ball without 4.____________(think) about it. It is natural to him, because he’s been doing it his whole life. 5.____________ years, he practiced and trained to be one of the 6.____________(good) basketball players in history. Jordan’s quote is “If you quit once, it becomes a habit. Never quit！”He fully understands that one 7.____________(decide) will develop a habit 8.____________ could change the course of your future. Michael Jordan’s success lies in his 9.____________(day) habits.
Once you have had your faith and habits, your customers will take notice and your business will succeed. Remember not 10.____________(give) up hope. Work hard and you will succeed in doing everything.
【解题导语】 习惯成自然。一次放弃便可能成为终生的习惯，因此应该像迈克尔·乔丹那样永不言弃，走向辉煌。
1．the 解析：考查冠词。all the time 是固定短语，意为“一直”。
2．naturally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词come，因此需要用其副词形式。
3．will catch 解析：考查动词的时态。这里是表示将会发生的事情，因此用一般将来时。
4．thinking 解析：考查非谓语动词。without是介词，后接动名词作宾语。
5．For 解析：考查介词。for＋一段时间，在句子中作状语，意为“多少时间以来”。for years意为“几年来，多年来”。
6．best 解析：考查形容词的最高级。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词”表示“最……之一”。此处意思是他练习、训练成为有史以来最为优秀的篮球运动员之一。
7．decision 解析：考查名词。前面用one修饰，故用decide的名词形式。
8．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。先行词是habit，从句缺少主语，因此应该填that或which引导定语从句。
9．daily 解析：考查形容词。所填词位于形容词性物主代词和名词之间，因此应该是形容词；再结合语义可知，此处应填daily。his daily habits他的日常习惯。
10．to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。remember not to do sth.，记得不要做某事。
短文改错
Mr. Smith had a 8-year-old son named Tony, who enjoyed listening to music very much. So he bought a piano to Tony, hoping that he can become a famous pianist one day. The little boy put her heart into practicing the piano day after day and seemed enjoy every minute of it. However, half a year later, he told his father that he was tiring of practicing the piano. Heard this, Mr. Smith said，“Tony, it is one thing to be fond of listening to music. So it is another thing to perform skillful by yourself. You can never play the piano well even if you don’t practice more.”
答案：
Mr. Smith had 8-year-old son named Tony, who enjoyed listening to music very much. So he bought a piano Tony, hoping that he become a famous pianist one day. The little boy put heart into practicing the piano day after day and seemed enjoy every minute of it. However, half a year later, he told his father that he was of practicing the piano. this, Mr. Smith said，“Tony, it is one thing to be fond of listening to music. it is another thing to perform by yourself. You can never play the piano well if you don’t practice more.”
书面表达
假定你是学校志愿者团队的学生李华，为保护城市的自然资源，10月21日你们班到中山公园参加了环保志愿者活动。请你将此事写到你的英语日记中。
写作要点：1.活动内容：捡拾垃圾，分发传单……
2．你对本次活动的感想。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：传单leaflets
October 21st Saturday Fine
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One possible version:
October 21st Saturday Fine
Today our class took part in a meaningful activity organized by the Voluntary Service Club of our school in order to protect the natural environment of the city. In the morning, we went to the Zhongshan Park by bus, talking and laughing all the way. Upon our arrival, we began to work in no time. Some were picking up rubbish while others were collecting the cigarette ends and bottles to throw them into dustbins. After getting the work done, some of us distributed leaflets to raise the public’s awareness of the damage littering can cause.
We have learned much from the voluntary experience, which offers us an opportunity to contribute to the society better. With the joint efforts, our city will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.Tom has__experienced a lot of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, thunderstorms and tornadoes, so he says he himself is a man with unforgettable experiences and has got a lot of experience;__that is, he is experienced in dealing with natural disasters.(experience)
2.①Alcohol is the most common cause of traffic accident.
②What caused him to__change(change) his mind at last？
③The big fire is finally brought under control, but extensive damage has__been__caused(cause).
④I hope the children haven’t__caused__you__too__much__trouble(给你添麻烦).
3.①(2019·山西康杰中学高一期中)Jimmy was working in the lab when the power cut occurred(occur).
②It occurred to me to__visit(visit) my close friend when I was in Beijing last week.
③It occurs to me that we could paint the walls a lighter colour to make the room look bigger.
④A__good__idea__occurred__to__me(我想到一个好主意) this morning when I was brushing my teeth.
4.①Jimmy fell and struck(strike) his head on the edge of the table.
②We were__struck(strike) by his splendid performance.
③Suddenly it struck me that I should report the accident to the police.
5.①Because he was__buried(bury) in his book, he didn’t know it was raining outside.
②Burying(bury) himself in his book, he didn’t know it was raining outside.
③Buried(bury) in his book, he didn’t know it was raining outside.
6.①The girl, whose health was__ruined(ruin) after taking the medicine, was only six years old.
②A large number of old buildings were in ruins(ruin) after the terrible earthquake last year.
7.What happened without any previous warning that day terrified all the passengers aboard the train. It was really a terrifying scene, and many people are still terrified at the thought of taking a high-speed train.(terrify)
8.He looked sad when he looked sadly at the money that had brought him nothing but sadness．(sad)
9.He warned me not to leave without permission, but I didn’t accept his warning．(warn)
阅读词汇排查练
1.hurricane n． 飓风
2.lightning n. 闪电
3.thunderstorm n. 雷暴
4.tornado n. 龙卷风
5.column n. 柱状物；柱状体
6.current n. 海流；潮流
7.latitude n． 纬度
8.feather n. 羽毛
9.fur n. (动物的)毛皮
10.tropical adj. 热带的
11.equator n. 赤道
12.rotating adj. 旋转的；循环的
13.ash n． 灰
14.erupt vt. (火山的)爆发；喷发
15.lava n. 熔岩；岩浆
16.tidal adj. 受潮水影响的；有涨落的
17.volcano n. 火山
18.eruption n. (火山的)爆发；喷发
重点短语
会书写
1.pick__up 卷起；掀起；(偶然)学会
2.put__down 记下；放下；镇压
3.take__off 去掉；突然成功；休假
4.on__average 平均起来
5.end__up 结果为……，以……结束
6.set__fire__to 放火(焚烧)……
7.catch__fire 着火
8.put__out 扑灭(火)
9.take__place 发生
10.in__all 总共；总计
会应用
1.The factory caught__fire last week. Although it was put__out by the firefighters, plenty of losses have been brought about.
2.Great changes have taken__place in our school since 2018. Although there are 3，000 students in__all in our school, almost half of them have been admitted to key universities.
3.When he was abroad on business in 2018, he picked__up some spoken English.
4.Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ended__up as a manager.
重点句型
1.leave＋宾语＋宾补，让某人/某物继续处于某种状态
如果一个人在事故中伤得很重，你最好让他待在原地。
If a person is badly injured in an accident, you’d better leave__him__where__he__is．
2．现在分词短语作结果状语
自从2017年以来中国建设了很多高铁，这使得人们从一地到另一地的旅行更容易了。
Many high-speed rails have been built in China since 2017, making__it__much__easier__for__people__to__travel from one place to another.
3．There is/was the possibility of.../that...有……的可能性
许多人认为任何情况下与陌生人见面都会有危险。
Many people think there__is__the__possibility__of danger in any situation when strangers meet.
单元语法
1．We had__been__given(give) clear directions so we were able to find the house easily.
2．Measures have__been__taken(take) to stop housing prices from rising too fast in the past two years.
3．Tony told his teacher that he would__go(go) to Beijing by plane the next weekend.
4．She said that her mother had__taken(take) her to an exhibition the day before.
5．The teacher asked the student how often he went(go) to the library.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．平均起来，每年都会发生各种各样的自然灾害，甚至有些会出乎人们的意料。 (on average; take place)
2．昨天，一场强烈的飓风突然袭击了该地区，导致很多房屋和车辆被破坏，甚至有两人被埋在倒塌的房屋下。 (violent; strike/hit; cause; damage; bury)
3．幸运的是，事后人们及时把他们救了出来。 (luckily/fortunately)
4．在将来，有可能有经验的专家能够准确地预测一些可怕的自然灾害。 (possibility; experienced; terrifying)
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One possible version：
On average, all kinds of natural disasters take place every year and even some are beyond people’s expectation.Yesterday a violent hurricane struck/hit the area, which caused a lot of damage to the buildings and cars.Even two people were buried in the buildings.Luckily/Fortunately，they were rescued in time.There is a possibility that experienced experts will be able to forecast some terrifying natural disasters accurately in the future.
课件20张PPT。Module 3 The Violence of Naturehas experiencedexperiencesexperienceexperiencedModule 3 The Violence of Natureofto changehas been causedcaused you too much troubleoccurredto visitItA good idea occurred to mestruckwere struckitwas buriedBuryingBuriedwas ruinedruinsterrifiedterrifyingterrifiedsadsadlysadnesswarnedwarning飓风闪电雷暴龙卷风柱状物；柱状体海流；潮流纬度羽毛(动物的)毛皮热带的赤道旋转的；循环的灰(火山的)爆发；喷发熔岩；岩浆火山(火山的)爆发；喷发受潮水影响的；有涨落的pick upput downtake off on averageend upset fire tocatch fireput outtake placein allcaught fireput outtaken placein allpicked upended upmaking it much easier for people to travelthere is the possibility of had been givenhave been takenwould gohad takenwent本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
