身体语言会在不经意间表露一个人的心理，解读身体语言，请看下文……
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all！It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean while words only express 7 percent. So, while your mouth is closed, your body is just saying...
Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you’re unhappy!
Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are a monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to
be taken seriously. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little.
Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still!
Posture(姿势). A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. If you are feeling down, you normally don’t sit straight，with your shoulders inwards. This makes breathing more difficult, which can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.
Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse(撅起) your lips. You might also use this position to hold back an angry comment(评论) you don’t wish to show. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know you’re not pleased.
Face. When you lie, you might put on a false face. But that expression would crack(破裂) briefly, allowing displays of true emotions such as happiness, sadness, disgust(厌恶) and fear to come through.
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.deal n． 协议；交易
2.involve vt. 包括
3.spread vi. 张开
拓展词汇
4.communication n．交流；沟通→communicate vi.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流
5.unconscious adj.无意的；不知不觉的→conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的
6.vary vi.变化→variety n．种类→various adj.各种各样的
7.formal adj.正式的→informal adj.非正式的
8.traditionally adv.传统地→traditional adj.传统的 →tradition n．传统
9.threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threaten v．威胁→threat n．威胁
10.slightly adv.轻微地；稍微→slight adj.轻微的；少量的
阅读词汇
11.aggressive adj. 攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的
12.weapon n. 武器
13.gesture n. 姿势；姿态
14.forehead n. 前额
15.bow vi. 鞠躬
16.youth n. 年轻人
17.palm n. 手掌
18.slap vt. 掌击
重点短语
1.on guard (保持)警惕
2.make a deal 达成协议；做成交易
3.hold up 举起
4.give away 暴露(自己的情况)
5.shake hands with 与……握手
重点句型
1.more than＋名词：Although these are very important，we communicate with more than just spoken and written words (不仅仅靠口语和书面语交流).
2.介词＋宾语从句：Indeed, body positions are part of what we call “body language”(我们所称其为“肢体语言”).
3.独立主格：One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread(掌心向外，五指张开).
Read the text and match the main idea of each paragraph.
1．Para.1 A．Greetings in Asian countries.
2．Para.2 B．Ways of communication.
3．Para.3 C．Fascinating body language.
4．Para.4 D．Greetings in western countries.
5．Para.5 E．American youths’ greeting today.
答案：1－5.BDAEC
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What is the best title of the text?
A．When in Rome, Do as the Romans Do
B．Greetings Around the World
C．How to Shake Hands
D．Non-verbal Communication
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Not all body language is conscious.
B．Europeans shake hands with their left hands.
C．At any time，we use “learned” body language.
D．Ways of greeting are the same all over the world.
3．Why do Europeans and Americans shake hands with their right hands?
A．They have been used to it.
B．The right hands are the weakest ones.
C．They think it is formal.
D．They want to express they trust each other.
4．Which of the following belongs to one of the greetings in the US?
A．Not to touch the other person.
B．To put the right hand over the left.
C．To greet each other with “give me five”．
D．To join their hands.
答案：1－4.DADC
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Indeed, body positions are part of what we call “body language”．
[翻译] 实际上，身体的姿势是我们所称其为“肢体语言”的一部分。
2．We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which varies from culture to culture.
[翻译] 我们经常看到一些无意识的肢体语言的例子，但也有“习得的”身势语，它在不同的文化中各不相同。
3．Muslims give a “salaam”， where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead.
where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰salaam，where在定语从句中作状语。
[翻译] 穆斯林行“额手礼”，用手触左胸、嘴巴和前额。
①communication[k??mju?nI'keI?n]n.交流；沟通
②think of想到，记得
③more than此处表示“不仅仅”。
④spoken and written words口语和书面语 with words借助语言
⑤unconscious[?n'k?n??s]adj.无意的；不知不觉的
be unconscious of未意识到
⑥learned adj.习得的
⑦vary['ve?ri]vi.变化
vary from...to...从……到……变化
⑧be introduced to被介绍给
introduce...to sb.把 ……介绍给某人
⑨on guard (保持)警惕
⑩formal['f??ml]adj.正式的
?aggressive[?'ɡresIv]adj.攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的
?traditionally[tr?'dI?n?li]adv.传统地
?shake hands握手
?be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事
?weapon['wep?n]n.武器
?gesture['d?est??]n.姿势；姿态
?threatening['θretnI?]adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的
?make a deal达成协议，做成交易
deal[di?l]n.协议；交易
?involve[In'v?lv]vt.包括
involve doing sth.包括做某事
?put...over...把……放在……上
bow[ba?]vi.鞠躬
bow to sb.向某人鞠躬
slightly['slaItli]adv.轻微地；稍微
Muslim['m?zl?m]n.(常作复数)穆斯林
salaam[s?'lɑ?m]n.(穆斯林的)额手礼(用右手抚额鞠躬的礼节)
forehead['f?rId]n.前额
Hindu['hIndu?]n.印度人
join their hands双手交叉
in respect＝respectfully尊敬地
be busy with sth.忙于某事
informal[In'f??ml]adj.非正式的
use...as...把……用作
youth[ju?θ]n.年轻人
hold up举起 反义词组：put down
palm[pɑ?m]n.手掌
spread[spred]vi.(spread, spread)张开
slap[sl?p]vt.掌击
quite修饰名词时，常把冠词a(n)置于其后。
body language身体语言，身势语
fascinating adj.有极大吸引力的；迷人的
fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引的；极感兴趣的(不用于名词前)
give away暴露(自己的情况)
mind reader['maInd?ri?d?]n.
(自称或被认为)能看透别人心思的人
If you say the word “communication①”， most people think of② words and sentences.Although these are very important, we communicate with more than③ just spoken and written words④.Indeed, body positions are part of what we call “body language”．We see examples of unconscious⑤ body language very often, yet there is also “learned⑥” body language, which varies⑦ from culture to culture.
◆Although these are very important是although引导的让步状语从句。
We use “learned” body language when we are introduced to⑧ strangers.Like other animals, we are on guard⑨ until we know it is safe to relax. So every culture has developed a formalB10 way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive?.Traditionally?， Europeans and Americans shake hands?.They do this with the right hand—the strongest hand for most people.If our right hand is busy greeting? someone, it cannot be holding a weapon?.So the gesture? is saying, “I trust you.Look, I’m not carrying a threatening? weapon.” If you shake hands with someone, you show you trust them.We shake hands when we make a deal?. It means, “We agree and we trust each other.”
◆it is safe to relax中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的to relax。
◆动词不定式短语to show them...作目的状语；we are not aggressive是省略that的宾语从句，作show的直接宾语。
◆If you shake hands with someone是if引导的条件状语从句。
Greetings in Asian countries do not involve? touching the other person, but they always involve the hands.Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, we put the right hand over? the left and bow? slightly?.Muslims? give a “salaam?”， where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead?.Hindus? join their hands? and bow their heads in respect?.In all of these examples, the hands are busy with? the greeting and cannot hold a weapon.
Even today, when some people have very informal? styles of greeting, they still use their hands as? a gesture of trust.American youths? often greet each other with the expression, “Give me five！” One person then holds up? his hand, palm?outwards and five fingers spread?.The other person raises his hand and slaps? the other’s open hand above the head in a “high five”．Nowadays, it is quite a? common greeting.
◆when some people have very informal...是when引导的时间状语从句。
Body language? is fascinating? for anyone to study.People give away? much more by their gestures than by their words.Look at your friends and family and see if you are a mind reader?!
◆if you are a mind reader是if引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语。
说起“交流”这个词，大多数人会想到词语和句子。尽管这些很重要，但我们并不仅仅靠口语和书面语交流。实际上，身体的姿势是我们所称其为“肢体语言”的一部分。我们经常看到一些无意识的肢体语言的例子，但也有“习得的”身势语，它在不同的文化中各不相同。
当我们被介绍给陌生人时，我们使用“习得的”身体语言。像其他动物一样，只有在感觉很安全时我们才会放松，否则我们将一直处于戒备状态。所以，每一种文化都形成了一种正规的方式来问候陌生人，以向他们表明我们并没有敌意。欧美人的传统是握手。他们握右手——右手对大多数人来说是最有力的。假如我们的右手正忙着与他人打招呼，我们就不可能用它来拿武器了。因此，这种手势的意思是：“我信任你。瞧，我没带威胁性的武器。”假如你和别人握手，就表明你信任他们。当我们达成协议时，我们握手。意思就是：“我们达成了协议，相互信任。”
亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的，但经常会用到手。与人打招呼时，中国人的传统方式是将右手放在左手上，稍稍躬身而行礼。穆斯林行“额手礼”，用手触左胸、嘴巴和前额。印度人双手交合，恭敬地行合十礼。在上述例子中，手都在忙于打招呼，不可能拿武器。
即使是现在，有些人在非正式场合打招呼时，还会用手来表示信任对方。美国年轻人常常会用“来击个掌吧！”的表达来打招呼。然后一个人举起他的手，掌心向外，五指张开。另一个人同样举起手，拍打对方举过头顶的手。这是如今很常见的打招呼的方式。
身体语言对任何研究者来说都具有吸引力。人们通过姿势传达的信息要比通过话语传达得更多。看看你的朋友和家人，试试你能否读懂他们的心事！
阅读理解
A
For as long as humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication.Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech.When there is a spoken language problem, communication can be carried out through sign language, in which gestures stand for letters, words, and ideas.Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression.When gestures describe words or ideas, they can often be used internationally.When used for spelling words however, where each gesture stands for a single letter, people must share the same written language.
Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either meaningfully or not.A wink(眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.A nod means agreement, while shaking head indicates disagreement.
Other forms of language can be found in Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals.Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people.While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
【解题导语】 自从有人类以来，人们就用各种方式交流。一般来讲，人们的交流方式不外乎三种：口头语、书面语和身势语，但还有其他的交流方式。
1．What does the author mainly want to say?
A．People can communicate in many different ways.
B．Everybody uses only one form of communication.
C．Language is invaluable to foreigners.
D．Non-spoken communication is of little value.
A 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要是讲人们采用各种各样的方式去交流。
2．According to the text, which part of the body can be used to show you are joking?
A．Fingers. B．Eyes.
C．Head. D．Feet.
B 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“A wink(眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.”可知B项正确。
3．What CAN’T be effectively communicated by sign language when people belong to different language groups?
A．Spelling. B．Ideas.
C．Whole words. D.Expressions.
A 解析：推理判断题。从文章内容判断，只有spelling(拼写) 不能用身势语进行有效的表达。
4．How many different forms of communication are mentioned in the text?
A．Three. B．Five.
C．Six. D．Nine.
D 解析：细节理解题。文章共叙述了九种交流方式，它们是： oral speech, sign language, written language, body language Braille, signal flags, Morse code, smoke signals, road maps and picture signs。
B
Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature? In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.
This tradition—if that’s what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century. During that time, it was already commonplace for most American homes to have an ice box. Ice would be harvested in northern America or Canada and shipped across the Atlantic and sold at a high price in British department stores. Can you imagine heading to Macy’s to treat yourself to a block of ice?
Putting ice in your drink started to become somewhat of a fashion(时尚) trend for the wealthy in Britain. Some would put a few cubes in their champagne and sip on their chilled drinks at high-class parties. But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded, mainly because the ice was just too expensive. And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in Britain as well, Brits never took a liking to ice in their drinks.
So, next time you travel overseas, don’t feel offended(冒犯) when your server gives you an eye roll when you ask for ice water.
【解题导语】 这篇文章主要讲了为什么美国人喜欢加冰饮料，而欧洲人不喜欢。
5．Who has written the text?
A．A European. B. An American.
C．A Canadian. D. An Asian.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.”可推知作者是一位美国人， 故选B。
6．Why do Europeans take their drinks at room temperature?
A．Because they have no fridges.
B．Because they have warm taps.
C．Because they are accustomed to it.
D．Because they can’t afford ice.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“This tradition—if that’s what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century.” 可知欧洲人在室温下喝饮品是因为他们习惯于这种方式， 故选C。
7. What can we infer about Brits?
A．They treat their guests to cold drinks.
B．They always follow what Americans do.
C．They don’t know where to get ice blocks.
D．They have ice boxes later than Americans.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.”可推知英国人使用冰箱要晚于美国人， 故选D。
8．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Why Americans like icy drinks while Europeans don’t.
B．When people overseas have icy drinks with their meals.
C．Where people can entertain themselves with icy drinks.
D．How Europeans and Americans make different beverage.
A 解析：主旨大意题。第一段中的“Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature？”作者提出这个问题，接下来分析其中的原因，所以这篇文章主要讲了为什么美国人喜欢加冰饮料，而欧洲人不喜欢，故选A。
完形填空
The train shakes back and forth, its wheels making a loud noise against the tracks. Outside the window the freezing cold of winter rules. The carriage is filled with cold, __1__ passengers.
Suddenly a little boy __2__ his way through the grown-ups’ legs and sits down by the window. He is all alone among the __3__ grown-ups. What a brave child, I think. His father __4__ to stay by the door behind us. The train begins to crawl into a tunnel. Then something very strange happens suddenly. The __5__ little boy slides(滑) down from his seat and leans(斜靠) his hand on my knee. __6__， I think that he wants to __7__ me and return to his father, so I help him to stand up. But instead he leans forward and holds his __8__ up towards mine. He wants to say something to me, I think. I lower my head to receive the __9__. Wrong again! What I receive is a __10__ kiss on the cheek.
The boy calmly returns to his seat, leans back and continues looking out of the window. I am __11__. What just happened? A child kissed __12__ grown-ups on the train! How can anybody want to kiss such a man that has so much beard? Soon enough, all of my neighbors are duly __13__. Nervous and a little surprised, we __14__ at the father. When he sees our questioning __15__ as he gets ready for his stop, he offers a clue(线索)．
“He’s so happy to be alive，”the father says.“He has been very sick.”
Father and son __16__ into the crowd moving towards the exit. Then doors close and the train goes on. On my cheek I can still __17__ the child’s kiss—a kiss that has triggered(触发) some soul-searching inside me. How many grown-ups __18__ kissing each other from the joy of being alive? How many even give much thought to the privilege(特权) of __19__？
The little kisser had taught us a sweet but serious lesson: Be careful. You don’t let yourself __20__ before your heart stops!
【解题导语】 本文描述了作者在干冷枯燥的火车上接受了一个陌生小孩的吻。通过这次经历作者认识到，人一生中要始终保持一颗快乐的心。
1．A.excited B．tired
C．pleased D．surprised
B 解析：此处与空前的cold 相顺接，指“又冷、又疲劳”的旅客。
2．A.feels B．fights
C．pushes D．picks
C 解析：根据下文可知小男孩从大人的腿间“挤着往前走”。 push one’s way意为“挤过去”。
3．A.unfriendly B．friendly
C．angry D．kind
A 解析：从第一段最后一句“...filled with cold, ______ passengers.”可知“又冷、又疲劳”的旅客肯定对这个孩子并不是十分友好。C项有一定干扰性。联系上下文我们可以得知，尽管车上的人们并不十分友好，但他们并没有对孩子生气。
4．A.likes B．prefers
C．chooses D．agrees
C 解析：当孩子在“我们”旁边的窗子边坐下时，他父亲“选择”待在门旁的一个地方。like喜欢；prefer喜爱；choose挑选；agree同意。
5．A.sick B．serious
C．lucky D．ugly
B 解析：此时人们并不知道他生病了，因此A项不合题意。sick生病的；serious严肃的，真诚的；lucky幸运的；ugly丑陋的。
6．A.In no time B．For a moment
C．In a while D．Once in a while
B 解析：for a moment在这里意思是“霎时之间”，其他答案不合题意。in no time立即；in a while一会儿；once in a while偶尔，有时。
7．A.beat B．strike
C．kiss D．pass
D 解析：从空后的“return to his father”可知，“我”判断他从“我”这里“经过”。beat轻拍；strike打击；kiss吻；pass经过。
8．A.eyes B．ear
C．head D．lip
C 解析：从下文的“他想对我说什么”来看，可判断是“头”倾向作者。
9．A.news B．message
C．kiss D．opinion
B 解析：因为“我”以为他是想对“我”说什么， 所以判断是“信息”。
10．A.loud B．foolish
C．strange D．fortunate
A 解析：在脸颊上亲吻应该是“响亮的”，故选A。
11．A.pleased B．shocked
C．satisfied D．interested
B 解析：“我”对一个陌生小孩突然吻自己而感到“震惊(shocked)”。pleased高兴的；satisfied满意的；interested感兴趣的。
12．A.well-known B．smart
C．unknown D．familiar
C 解析：从上下文得知他们都是旅客， 互相都“不认识”。
13．A.praised B．kissed
C．scolded D．persuaded
B 解析：从上文可知，“我”周围的人也肯定被“吻”了。
14．A.stare B．smile
C．warn D．whisper
B 解析：因为旅客对这件事感到惊奇，又因为他是个孩子，所以此处指向他父亲“微笑”。
15．A.glances B．anger
C．mouths D．feeling
A 解析：此处指“我们”质疑的“眼光(glances)”。
16．A.appear B．back
C．disappear D．follow
C 解析：从下文“向出口走去”得知此处指他们“消失”在人群中。disappear into 意思是“消失在……中”。
17．A.touch B．trust
C．smell D．feel
D 解析：根据上下文意思得知作者还能“感觉到”小孩在脸上留下的吻。
18．A.go around B．sit up
C．keep on D．insist on
A 解析：从上文可知作者扣问自己的内心，有多少成年人因为可以愉快地活着而“到处”亲吻别人？go around到处；sit up坐起来，熬夜；keep on保持；insist on坚持。
19．A.a child B．a kiss
C．living D．death
C 解析：根据上文中的“being alive”得出答案。
20．A.die B．stop
C．sleep D．live
A 解析：最后一句是全文主旨。作者由这一事件引发感慨：“心脏没有停止跳动，就不要让自己死亡。”
课件37张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationModule 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationModule 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationModule 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationModule 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationModule 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communicationdealinvolve spread communicationunconsciousvaryformaltraditionallythreateningslightly攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的武器姿势；姿态前额鞠躬年轻人手掌掌击on guardmake a dealhold upgive awayshake hands withcommunicate with more than just spoken and written wordsof what we call “body language”palm outwards and five fingers spread非限制性定语状语本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
阅读理解
A
For as long as humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication.Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech.When there is a spoken language problem, communication can be carried out through sign language, in which gestures stand for letters, words, and ideas.Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression.When gestures describe words or ideas, they can often be used internationally.When used for spelling words however, where each gesture stands for a single letter, people must share the same written language.
Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either meaningfully or not.A wink(眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.A nod means agreement, while shaking head indicates disagreement.
Other forms of language can be found in Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals.Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people.While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
【解题导语】 自从有人类以来，人们就用各种方式交流。一般来讲，人们的交流方式不外乎三种：口头语、书面语和身势语，但还有其他的交流方式。
1．What does the author mainly want to say?
A．People can communicate in many different ways.
B．Everybody uses only one form of communication.
C．Language is invaluable to foreigners.
D．Non-spoken communication is of little value.
A 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要是讲人们采用各种各样的方式去交流。
2．According to the text, which part of the body can be used to show you are joking?
A．Fingers. B．Eyes.
C．Head. D．Feet.
B 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“A wink(眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.”可知B项正确。
3．What CAN’T be effectively communicated by sign language when people belong to different language groups?
A．Spelling. B．Ideas.
C．Whole words. D.Expressions.
A 解析：推理判断题。从文章内容判断，只有spelling(拼写) 不能用身势语进行有效的表达。
4．How many different forms of communication are mentioned in the text?
A．Three. B．Five.
C．Six. D．Nine.
D 解析：细节理解题。文章共叙述了九种交流方式，它们是： oral speech, sign language, written language, body language Braille, signal flags, Morse code, smoke signals, road maps and picture signs。
B
Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature? In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.
This tradition—if that’s what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century. During that time, it was already commonplace for most American homes to have an ice box. Ice would be harvested in northern America or Canada and shipped across the Atlantic and sold at a high price in British department stores. Can you imagine heading to Macy’s to treat yourself to a block of ice?
Putting ice in your drink started to become somewhat of a fashion(时尚) trend for the wealthy in Britain. Some would put a few cubes in their champagne and sip on their chilled drinks at high-class parties. But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded, mainly because the ice was just too expensive. And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in Britain as well, Brits never took a liking to ice in their drinks.
So, next time you travel overseas, don’t feel offended(冒犯) when your server gives you an eye roll when you ask for ice water.
【解题导语】 这篇文章主要讲了为什么美国人喜欢加冰饮料，而欧洲人不喜欢。
5．Who has written the text?
A．A European. B. An American.
C．A Canadian. D. An Asian.
B 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.”可推知作者是一位美国人， 故选B。
6．Why do Europeans take their drinks at room temperature?
A．Because they have no fridges.
B．Because they have warm taps.
C．Because they are accustomed to it.
D．Because they can’t afford ice.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“This tradition—if that’s what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century.” 可知欧洲人在室温下喝饮品是因为他们习惯于这种方式， 故选C。
7. What can we infer about Brits?
A．They treat their guests to cold drinks.
B．They always follow what Americans do.
C．They don’t know where to get ice blocks.
D．They have ice boxes later than Americans.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“In the US, we’ve created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm.”可推知英国人使用冰箱要晚于美国人， 故选D。
8．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Why Americans like icy drinks while Europeans don’t.
B．When people overseas have icy drinks with their meals.
C．Where people can entertain themselves with icy drinks.
D．How Europeans and Americans make different beverage.
A 解析：主旨大意题。第一段中的“Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage(饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature？”作者提出这个问题，接下来分析其中的原因，所以这篇文章主要讲了为什么美国人喜欢加冰饮料，而欧洲人不喜欢，故选A。
完形填空
The train shakes back and forth, its wheels making a loud noise against the tracks. Outside the window the freezing cold of winter rules. The carriage is filled with cold, __1__ passengers.
Suddenly a little boy __2__ his way through the grown-ups’ legs and sits down by the window. He is all alone among the __3__ grown-ups. What a brave child, I think. His father __4__ to stay by the door behind us. The train begins to crawl into a tunnel. Then something very strange happens suddenly. The __5__ little boy slides(滑) down from his seat and leans(斜靠) his hand on my knee. __6__， I think that he wants to __7__ me and return to his father, so I help him to stand up. But instead he leans forward and holds his __8__ up towards mine. He wants to say something to me, I think. I lower my head to receive the __9__. Wrong again! What I receive is a __10__ kiss on the cheek.
The boy calmly returns to his seat, leans back and continues looking out of the window. I am __11__. What just happened? A child kissed __12__ grown-ups on the train! How can anybody want to kiss such a man that has so much beard? Soon enough, all of my neighbors are duly __13__. Nervous and a little surprised, we __14__ at the father. When he sees our questioning __15__ as he gets ready for his stop, he offers a clue(线索)．
“He’s so happy to be alive，”the father says.“He has been very sick.”
Father and son __16__ into the crowd moving towards the exit. Then doors close and the train goes on. On my cheek I can still __17__ the child’s kiss—a kiss that has triggered(触发) some soul-searching inside me. How many grown-ups __18__ kissing each other from the joy of being alive? How many even give much thought to the privilege(特权) of __19__？
The little kisser had taught us a sweet but serious lesson: Be careful. You don’t let yourself __20__ before your heart stops!
【解题导语】 本文描述了作者在干冷枯燥的火车上接受了一个陌生小孩的吻。通过这次经历作者认识到，人一生中要始终保持一颗快乐的心。
1．A.excited B．tired
C．pleased D．surprised
B 解析：此处与空前的cold 相顺接，指“又冷、又疲劳”的旅客。
2．A.feels B．fights
C．pushes D．picks
C 解析：根据下文可知小男孩从大人的腿间“挤着往前走”。 push one’s way意为“挤过去”。
3．A.unfriendly B．friendly
C．angry D．kind
A 解析：从第一段最后一句“...filled with cold, ______ passengers.”可知“又冷、又疲劳”的旅客肯定对这个孩子并不是十分友好。C项有一定干扰性。联系上下文我们可以得知，尽管车上的人们并不十分友好，但他们并没有对孩子生气。
4．A.likes B．prefers
C．chooses D．agrees
C 解析：当孩子在“我们”旁边的窗子边坐下时，他父亲“选择”待在门旁的一个地方。like喜欢；prefer喜爱；choose挑选；agree同意。
5．A.sick B．serious
C．lucky D．ugly
B 解析：此时人们并不知道他生病了，因此A项不合题意。sick生病的；serious严肃的，真诚的；lucky幸运的；ugly丑陋的。
6．A.In no time B．For a moment
C．In a while D．Once in a while
B 解析：for a moment在这里意思是“霎时之间”，其他答案不合题意。in no time立即；in a while一会儿；once in a while偶尔，有时。
7．A.beat B．strike
C．kiss D．pass
D 解析：从空后的“return to his father”可知，“我”判断他从“我”这里“经过”。beat轻拍；strike打击；kiss吻；pass经过。
8．A.eyes B．ear
C．head D．lip
C 解析：从下文的“他想对我说什么”来看，可判断是“头”倾向作者。
9．A.news B．message
C．kiss D．opinion
B 解析：因为“我”以为他是想对“我”说什么， 所以判断是“信息”。
10．A.loud B．foolish
C．strange D．fortunate
A 解析：在脸颊上亲吻应该是“响亮的”，故选A。
11．A.pleased B．shocked
C．satisfied D．interested
B 解析：“我”对一个陌生小孩突然吻自己而感到“震惊(shocked)”。pleased高兴的；satisfied满意的；interested感兴趣的。
12．A.well-known B．smart
C．unknown D．familiar
C 解析：从上下文得知他们都是旅客， 互相都“不认识”。
13．A.praised B．kissed
C．scolded D．persuaded
B 解析：从上文可知，“我”周围的人也肯定被“吻”了。
14．A.stare B．smile
C．warn D．whisper
B 解析：因为旅客对这件事感到惊奇，又因为他是个孩子，所以此处指向他父亲“微笑”。
15．A.glances B．anger
C．mouths D．feeling
A 解析：此处指“我们”质疑的“眼光(glances)”。
16．A.appear B．back
C．disappear D．follow
C 解析：从下文“向出口走去”得知此处指他们“消失”在人群中。disappear into 意思是“消失在……中”。
17．A.touch B．trust
C．smell D．feel
D 解析：根据上下文意思得知作者还能“感觉到”小孩在脸上留下的吻。
18．A.go around B．sit up
C．keep on D．insist on
A 解析：从上文可知作者扣问自己的内心，有多少成年人因为可以愉快地活着而“到处”亲吻别人？go around到处；sit up坐起来，熬夜；keep on保持；insist on坚持。
19．A.a child B．a kiss
C．living D．death
C 解析：根据上文中的“being alive”得出答案。
20．A.die B．stop
C．sleep D．live
A 解析：最后一句是全文主旨。作者由这一事件引发感慨：“心脏没有停止跳动，就不要让自己死亡。”
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
communicate vt.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流
(教材P22)Although these are very important，we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
尽管这些很重要，但我们并不仅仅靠口语和书面语交流。
(1)communicate with sb. 和某人进行交流
communicate sth.to sb. 把某事物传递给某人
(2)communication n. 通信；交流
①Parents and children should communicate to increase understanding each other.
家长和孩子应该交流以增加相互间的理解。
②Communicating on WeChat is a common phenomenon，and more people hardly write letters.
通过微信进行交流是一种普遍现象，更多的人几乎不写信。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①a.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
b．(江苏卷)You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.
②I can speak fluent English and I have little difficulty communicating(communicate) with foreigners.
③Good communication(communicate) is an effective solution to the relationship problems.
vary vi.变化 vt.改变
(教材P22)．..yet there is also “learned” body language, which varies from culture to culture.
……但也有“习得的”身势语，它在不同的文化中各不相同。
(1)vary in 在……方面不同，有差异
vary with 随……而变化
vary from 不同于……
vary from...to... 由……到……变化
(2)variety n. 变化，多样性，种类
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
(3)various adj. 各种各样的，多方面的
①Teachers should vary their lessons to make them more interesting.
为了增加趣味，教师应该使自己的课程多样化。
②The two sweaters are of the same style, but they vary in price because of different materials.
这两件毛衣款式相同，但由于材料不同，价格也不同。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying(vary) from Chinese stories to English stories.
②a.(朗文辞典)The hotel rooms vary in size, but all have televisions and telephones.
b．As we can see, the prices of vegetables vary with the season.
③a.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety(vary) of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
b．(2018·北京卷)Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various(vary)．
[链接写作]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The exhibition not only shows all kinds of paper cuts in different regions, but also presents to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
(高级表达)The exhibition not only shows various/a__variety__of/varieties__of paper cuts in different regions, but also presents to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
involve vt.包括；涉及
(教材P22)Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person，but they always involve the hands.
亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的，但经常会用到手。
(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(干)某事，使某人牵扯到某事中
involve doing sth. 包括做某事；参与做某事
(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的，有关的
be/get involved in 被卷入；热衷于；专心于
①(福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与社区活动，他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。
②(2018·江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to become more involved.
在这个村里有很好的社交生活， 我希望我能再有机会更多地参与其中。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(福建卷)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending(spend) quite a lot of time with students.
②a.There was a serious incident involving(involve) a group of youths.
b．There was a serious incident with a group of youths involved(involve)．
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
这个年轻的女孩专心于学习。她没有注意到外面的世界。
③(普通表达)The young girl was involved in studying. She paid no attention to the outside world.
④(高级表达)The young girl involved in studying paid no attention to the outside world.(过去分词短语作定语)
⑤(高级表达)Involved in studying, the young girl paid no attention to the outside world.(过去分词短语作状语)
⑥(高级表达)Involving herself in studying, the young girl paid no attention to the outside world.(现在分词短语作状语)
involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及到的”。
hold up 举起；阻挡；(使)停顿；支撑；延误；抢劫
(教材P22)One person then holds up his hand，palm outwards and five fingers spread.
然后一个人举起他的手，掌心向外，五指张开。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中hold up的含义
①If you want to answer the question, hold up your hand first.举起
②Women are playing a more and more important part in society—they hold up by a post.支撑
③It’s a pity that the building of the new road has been held up by heavy fog.延误
hold back 阻止；抑制；隐瞒
hold on 坚持住；等一下(别挂断)
hold on to 抓紧；保持；不放弃
hold out 伸出；维持；保持
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
④The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to hold back your anger.
⑤When he left the telephone to fetch a pencil, he asked me to hold on．
⑥She held out her hands to give Mary a warm welcome.
give away 暴露(自己的情况)；赠送；分发(奖品)；放弃
(教材P22)People give away much more by their gestures than by their words.
人们通过姿势传达的信息要比通过话语传达得更多。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中give away的含义
①(江苏卷)Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game？放弃
②(浙江卷)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.暴露
③The Students’ Union called on us to give away our used books to the students in the lower grades.赠送
give in (to) 让步，投降，屈服
give back 归还，恢复
give off 放出，散发
give out 分发；用完，耗尽
give up 放弃，认输
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
④What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given out?
⑤She decided to give up her job and start a coffee bar.
⑥The two men were arguing about this matter and neither would give in to each other.
more than＋名词
(教材P22)Although these are very important，we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
尽管这些很重要，但我们并不仅仅靠口语和书面语交流。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中more than的含义
①(2018·北京卷)Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.超过
②(浙江卷)It took more than building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too.不仅仅
③(天津卷)If there is something else that we can do for you, we are more than glad to give a helping hand.非常
本句为more than＋名词， 意为 “不止， 不仅仅是”。
(1)more than＋
(2)more...than... 比……更；与其说……
不如说……
(3)no more than 仅仅；只有
not more than 至多，不超过
[链接写作]——完成句子
④他读完这本书只需5天。
It will take him no more than five days to read the book.
⑤他考试又失败了。依我看来，与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。
He failed in the exam again. In my view, he was more lazy than stupid．
⑥来参加她的生日宴会的客人不超过十个。
Not more than 10 guests came to her birthday party.
独立主格
(教材P22)One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread.
然后一个人举起他的手，掌心向外，五指张开。
句中palm outwards和five fingers spread为两个独立主格结构作状语。独立主格结构主要起状语作用， 相当于一个状语从句。在句中可以作时间、原因、条件或伴随状语等。独立主格常见的结构：
(1)名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式；
(2)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。
①He came out of the library, a book in hand.
他手里拿着本书，走出了图书馆。
②Two hundred people got together on the square, many of them children.
两百人聚集在广场上，其中有许多儿童。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏泰州期中)Tom looked at Jenny, tears filling(fill) his eyes, and shouted out the words hidden in his heart for years.
②More time given(give), we should have done the job much better.
[链接写作]——句型转换(用独立主格)
③We watched the men playing in the air with our hearts in our mouths.
→We watched the men playing in the air, our hearts in our mouths．
④Because there was no bus, we had to go home on foot.
→There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.
Ⅰ 品句填词
1．As you know, human beings sometimes enjoy communicating(交流) with others in body language.
2．The leaders of the two countries will be on informal (非正式的) visit to our country.
3．The disease spread(蔓延) very quickly across the country and thousands of people got ill.
4．We are conscious(意识到的) that climate change is happening and perhaps faster than expected.
5．Students will have the opportunity to broaden their view by getting themselves involved(参与) in different environments.
6．The price of this type of computer varies(不同) in different shops.
7．In England, turkey is traditionally(传统地) eaten on Christmas Day.
8．—What’s the matter?
—The bike hit a rock and turned over. Fortunately, he was just slightly(轻微地) injured.
Ⅱ 课文语法填空
Words and sentences are important in 1.communication (communicate), but we communicate with not only spoken and 2.written(write) words, but also body language.Body language 3.varies(vary) from culture to culture.
Every culture has developed a formal way 4.to__greet(greet) strangers to show them we are not aggressive.5.Traditionally(traditional)，Europeans and Americans shake hands, 6.which means they trust each other.Greetings are different around the world.In China, we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly.Muslims give a “salaam”， where they touch 7.their(they) heart, mouth and forehead.Hindus join their hands 8.and bow their heads in respect.Today, some people still use their hands in informal greetings, which also means trust.American youths often greet each other 9.__with the expression, “Give me five！”
Body language can convey 10.more(much) information than words, so people easily give themselves away by their gestures.
单句语法填空
1．Students who are going to study abroad need to learn cross-cultural communication(communicate) skills.
2．The age for children receiving early education varies(vary) from country to country.
3．She was hit on the head by a stone and lay there unconscious(conscious) for a long time.
4．Traditionally(tradition), people in the west who attend the funeral wear black clothes.
5．The news that he was admitted into a famous university has__spread(spread) quickly across the whole small town.
6．(陕西卷)Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
7．(江苏卷)Much time spent(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
8．I ask you not to get involved(involve) in this kind of matter.It’s none of your business.
9．The train he took was held up for over two hours because of the heavy rain.
10．—What will you do for the poor children?
—I’m planning to give away a large number of books to them.
阅读理解
A
When you are in another country, it is important to know the language, but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally(非语言地) before saying anything by making gestures. According to a pioneer in nonverbal communication, only 30 to 35 percent of our communication is verbal. When people don’t know the language, the most common way to communicate is through gestures. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
In the United States, for example, nodding your head up and down means “yes”. In some parts of Greece and Turkey, however, this motion can mean “no”. In Southeast Asia, nodding your head is a polite way of saying “I’ve heard you”．
In ancient Rome, when the emperor wanted to spare someone’s life, he would put his thumb up. Today in the United States, when someone puts his/her thumb up, it means “Everything is all right”. However, in Sardinia and Greece, the gesture is insulting and should not be used there.
In the United States, raising your clasped(紧握) hands above your head means “I’m the champion” or “I’m the winner”. It is the sign prizefighters make when they win a fight. When a leading Russian statesman(政治家) made this gesture after a White House meeting, Americans misunderstood and thought he meant he was a winner. In Russia, however, it is a sign of friendship.
In the United States, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger in a circle and the other three fingers spread out means “Everything is OK” and is frequently used by astronauts and politicians. In France and Belgium, it can mean “You’re worth nothing”．
There are other nonverbal signals that people should be aware of when they go to another country, such as the distance to maintain between speakers. Americans usually feel comfortable when speaking with someone if the distance between them is about eighteen inches to arm’s length. Anything closer makes them feel uncomfortable. When talking to Americans, it is also important to make eye contact. If you look down when talking to an American, he/she may feel that you are embarrassed, afraid, or trying to hide something.
In addition to knowing how to communicate nonverbally in a country, it is important to know what you and he cannot discuss. In the United States, there are certain topics to avoid when you first meet someone, for example, don’t ask people their age, weight, religion, marital status(婚姻状况), how much money they earn, or how much something costs. You can talk about work, the weather, traffic problems, sports, food, news of the day, where one lives, consumer subjects(computers, car repairs, and so forth), and travel or vacation plans.
These examples illustrate that your actions can speak louder than your words. In a particular cultural contest, what you say and what you don’t say are equally important.
【解题导语】 当身处异国时，了解他国的语言很重要， 但是知道怎样用手势进行非语言交流也同等重要。
1．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．People all over the world only communicate verbally.
B．Most of our gestures have no meaning at all.
C．Some people think that 65 to 70 percent of our communication is nonverbal.
D．Gestures are the most common way to communicate.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...the most common way to communicate is through gestures.”可知D项正确。
2．When someone puts his/her thumb up in ________， it means everything is all right.
A．ancient Rome B．the United States
C．France D．Belgium
B 解析：细节理解题。根据短文第三段中第二句内容可知B项正确。
3．What does the clause “...your actions can speak louder than your words.” mean?
A．Your deeds are better than your words.
B．What you do is better than what you say.
C．You try to show your best manners.
D．You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.
D 解析：推理判断题。句意：……你的行动比你的话更有效。再联想到本文谈论的是在国外与人进行交流时gesture的重要性，由此可推出答案为D。
4．The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, ________．
A．it is unimportant to know the language
B．it is important to know what you can talk about with a foreigner
C．to know how to communicate nonverbally is as important as to know the language
D．to communicate nonverbally is more important than to know the language
C 解析：主旨大意题。从文章结构和内容来看， 文章第一句“When you are in another country, it is important to know the language, but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally(非语言地)．..”就是主题句。
B
Do Animals Communicate?
When we think of communication, we normally think of using words—talking face to face, writing messages and so on.But in fact we communicate far more in other ways.Our eyes and facial expressions usually tell the truth even when our words do not.
Then there are gestures, often unconscious: raising the eyebrows, rubbing the nose, raising the shoulders, tapping the fingers, nodding and shaking the head.There is also the even more subtle(微妙的) body language of posture: Are you sitting or standing with arms or legs crossed? Is that person standing with hands in pockets, held in front of the body or hidden behind? Even the way we dress and the colors we wear communicate things to others.
So, do animals communicate? Not in words, although a parrot might be trained to repeat words and phrases which it doesn’t understand.But, as we have learnt, there is more to communicate than words.
Take dogs for example.They show their teeth to warn, shake their tails to welcome and stand firm, with hair upright, to fight.These signals are surely the equals of the human body language of facial expressions, gestures and postures.
Color can be an important means of communication for animals.Many birds and fishes change color, for example, to attract partners during the mating(交配) season.And mating itself is commonly done after a special dance which both partners take part in.
Here, again, there are striking similarities to young men and women who dress up to meet partners at parties, where the music is often too loud for word communication.Communication there takes place through appearance and movement.
The most carefully planned dances in the animal kingdom are those that bees use to communicate.With body movements alone they can tell other bees the direction and distance of a newly discovered food.
All these examples may suggest instinctive(本能的) rather than intelligent communication.But human body language is largely instinctive, too.And, in many ways, body language says far more than intelligent, word communication ever can.
【解题导语】 动物之间能交流吗？答案是肯定的，它们有比语言更多的交流方式。它们会通过身体的不同部位来表达喜、怒、哀、乐。
5．Nodding and shaking the head is a ________．
A．gesture B．facial expression
C．posture D．language
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段第一句的内容可知点头和摇头都是身势语的一种，属于gesture的范畴。
6．Dogs’ shaking their tails means ________．
A．warning B．welcoming
C．fighting D.laughing
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中的“shake their tails to welcome”可知狗摇尾巴是表示欢迎。
7．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Color is not a way of communication for animals.
B．Many birds and fishes change color to show that they don’t want to mate.
C．A special dance often takes place before mating.
D．Word communication is better at parties where music is so loud.
C 解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段最后一句可知双方在交配前有一段特殊的舞蹈，故C项正确。由第五段首句可知A项错误；由第五段第二句可知B项错误；由第六段可知D项错误。
8．Bees use body movements to ________．
A．attract partners to communicate
B．communicate where they have been
C．tell other bees where to go and how far it is
D．show their victory
C 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知蜜蜂使用身势语告诉其同伴新发现的食物的方向和距离。
七选五
Improving your body language can improve the clarity of your message, make you appear more confident and more attractive, improve your first impressions and even make you feel better. Here are a few tips to improve your body language:
Don’t cross your arms or legs. You have probably already heard you shouldn’t cross your arms as it might make you seem defensive or guarded. 1.________ Keep your arms and legs open.
2．________ If there are several people you are talking to, give them all some eye contact to create a better connection and see if they are listening. Keeping too much eye contact might make people uncomfortable. Giving no eye contact might make you seem insecure. If you aren’t used to keeping eye contact it might feel a little hard or scary in the beginning. Keep working on it and you’ll get used to it.
Smile and laugh. Don’t take yourself too seriously. Relax a bit, smile and laugh when someone says something funny. People will be a lot more likely to listen to you if you seem to be a positive person. But don’t be the first to laugh at your own jokes. 3.________
Smile when you are introduced to someone but don’t keep a smile plastered on your face, or you’ll seem insincere.
Move at a relaxed steady pace. Moving too fast can make you seem nervous and unconfident. 4.________ It will make you both feel less stressed and more confident at the same time.
With all the above tips, do what feels natural and don’t overdo anything. Try and improve just one piece of body language consciously each day, and you may be surprised just how much clearer and better you can communicate your point with just a little attention to personal development. 5.________
A．Go ahead and have a try!
B．Learn to slow down a bit.
C．This goes for your legs too.
D．Make good use of hands.
E．Have eye contact, but don’t stare.
F．It makes you seem nervous and needy.
G．This naturally makes you appear more confident.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何通过改善肢体语言来提高你的交流能力， 让你更自信。并给出了一些改善肢体语言的技巧。
1．C 解析：上文说到交叉胳膊会让你看起来处于防御性或自我保护的状态。这同样适用于腿。因此要保持胳膊和腿是分开的， 分析本句可知，对腿也是这样的情形，故C项符合题意。
2．E 解析：本题是对这一段的总结。根据本段内容可知， 有多人跟你说话， 要用眼神与他们交流， 但不能老是盯着他们， 因为这会让人不舒服。分析选项可知E项(Have eye contact, but don’t stare.)要有眼神交流， 但不能老是盯着他们， 符合题意， 故选E。
3．F 解析：根据空前内容及分析选项可知F项与本段内容相符， 且F项中nervous与本段中的not to seriously相对应， 故选F。
4．B 解析：根据本段第一句“Move at a relaxed steady pace.”可知语速要平稳， 不能太快否则会使你显得紧张和不自信。因此要学会放慢速度。它会让你在同一时间感到更少的压力和更自信。分析选项可知B项(学会放慢速度)符合题意， 故选B。
5．A 解析：根据本段的内容可知， 每天练习肢体语言， 能更清楚、更好地表达你自己。分析选项可知A项(去试一试)符合题意， 故选A。
课件28张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communicationwith to communicatingcommunicationvaryinginwithvarietyvariousvarious/a variety of/varieties ofspendinginvolvinginvolvedwas involved inThe young girl involved in studying paid no attention to the outside world.Involved in studyingInvolving herself in studying举起支撑延误backonout放弃暴露赠送outupin超过不仅仅非常no more than five daysmore lazy than stupidNot more thanfillinggivenour hearts in our There being no busmouths本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
Ⅰ 品句填词
1．As you know, human beings sometimes enjoy communicating(交流) with others in body language.
2．The leaders of the two countries will be on informal (非正式的) visit to our country.
3．The disease spread(蔓延) very quickly across the country and thousands of people got ill.
4．We are conscious(意识到的) that climate change is happening and perhaps faster than expected.
5．Students will have the opportunity to broaden their view by getting themselves involved(参与) in different environments.
6．The price of this type of computer varies(不同) in different shops.
7．In England, turkey is traditionally(传统地) eaten on Christmas Day.
8．—What’s the matter?
—The bike hit a rock and turned over. Fortunately, he was just slightly(轻微地) injured.
Ⅱ 课文语法填空
Words and sentences are important in 1.communication (communicate), but we communicate with not only spoken and 2.written(write) words, but also body language.Body language 3.varies(vary) from culture to culture.
Every culture has developed a formal way 4.to__greet(greet) strangers to show them we are not aggressive.5.Traditionally(traditional)，Europeans and Americans shake hands, 6.which means they trust each other.Greetings are different around the world.In China, we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly.Muslims give a “salaam”， where they touch 7.their(they) heart, mouth and forehead.Hindus join their hands 8.and bow their heads in respect.Today, some people still use their hands in informal greetings, which also means trust.American youths often greet each other 9.__with the expression, “Give me five！”
Body language can convey 10.more(much) information than words, so people easily give themselves away by their gestures.
单句语法填空
1．Students who are going to study abroad need to learn cross-cultural communication(communicate) skills.
2．The age for children receiving early education varies(vary) from country to country.
3．She was hit on the head by a stone and lay there unconscious(conscious) for a long time.
4．Traditionally(tradition), people in the west who attend the funeral wear black clothes.
5．The news that he was admitted into a famous university has__spread(spread) quickly across the whole small town.
6．(陕西卷)Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
7．(江苏卷)Much time spent(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
8．I ask you not to get involved(involve) in this kind of matter.It’s none of your business.
9．The train he took was held up for over two hours because of the heavy rain.
10．—What will you do for the poor children?
—I’m planning to give away a large number of books to them.
阅读理解
A
When you are in another country, it is important to know the language, but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally(非语言地) before saying anything by making gestures. According to a pioneer in nonverbal communication, only 30 to 35 percent of our communication is verbal. When people don’t know the language, the most common way to communicate is through gestures. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
In the United States, for example, nodding your head up and down means “yes”. In some parts of Greece and Turkey, however, this motion can mean “no”. In Southeast Asia, nodding your head is a polite way of saying “I’ve heard you”．
In ancient Rome, when the emperor wanted to spare someone’s life, he would put his thumb up. Today in the United States, when someone puts his/her thumb up, it means “Everything is all right”. However, in Sardinia and Greece, the gesture is insulting and should not be used there.
In the United States, raising your clasped(紧握) hands above your head means “I’m the champion” or “I’m the winner”. It is the sign prizefighters make when they win a fight. When a leading Russian statesman(政治家) made this gesture after a White House meeting, Americans misunderstood and thought he meant he was a winner. In Russia, however, it is a sign of friendship.
In the United States, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger in a circle and the other three fingers spread out means “Everything is OK” and is frequently used by astronauts and politicians. In France and Belgium, it can mean “You’re worth nothing”．
There are other nonverbal signals that people should be aware of when they go to another country, such as the distance to maintain between speakers. Americans usually feel comfortable when speaking with someone if the distance between them is about eighteen inches to arm’s length. Anything closer makes them feel uncomfortable. When talking to Americans, it is also important to make eye contact. If you look down when talking to an American, he/she may feel that you are embarrassed, afraid, or trying to hide something.
In addition to knowing how to communicate nonverbally in a country, it is important to know what you and he cannot discuss. In the United States, there are certain topics to avoid when you first meet someone, for example, don’t ask people their age, weight, religion, marital status(婚姻状况), how much money they earn, or how much something costs. You can talk about work, the weather, traffic problems, sports, food, news of the day, where one lives, consumer subjects(computers, car repairs, and so forth), and travel or vacation plans.
These examples illustrate that your actions can speak louder than your words. In a particular cultural contest, what you say and what you don’t say are equally important.
【解题导语】 当身处异国时，了解他国的语言很重要， 但是知道怎样用手势进行非语言交流也同等重要。
1．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．People all over the world only communicate verbally.
B．Most of our gestures have no meaning at all.
C．Some people think that 65 to 70 percent of our communication is nonverbal.
D．Gestures are the most common way to communicate.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...the most common way to communicate is through gestures.”可知D项正确。
2．When someone puts his/her thumb up in ________， it means everything is all right.
A．ancient Rome B．the United States
C．France D．Belgium
B 解析：细节理解题。根据短文第三段中第二句内容可知B项正确。
3．What does the clause “...your actions can speak louder than your words.” mean?
A．Your deeds are better than your words.
B．What you do is better than what you say.
C．You try to show your best manners.
D．You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.
D 解析：推理判断题。句意：……你的行动比你的话更有效。再联想到本文谈论的是在国外与人进行交流时gesture的重要性，由此可推出答案为D。
4．The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, ________．
A．it is unimportant to know the language
B．it is important to know what you can talk about with a foreigner
C．to know how to communicate nonverbally is as important as to know the language
D．to communicate nonverbally is more important than to know the language
C 解析：主旨大意题。从文章结构和内容来看， 文章第一句“When you are in another country, it is important to know the language, but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally(非语言地)．..”就是主题句。
B
Do Animals Communicate?
When we think of communication, we normally think of using words—talking face to face, writing messages and so on.But in fact we communicate far more in other ways.Our eyes and facial expressions usually tell the truth even when our words do not.
Then there are gestures, often unconscious: raising the eyebrows, rubbing the nose, raising the shoulders, tapping the fingers, nodding and shaking the head.There is also the even more subtle(微妙的) body language of posture: Are you sitting or standing with arms or legs crossed? Is that person standing with hands in pockets, held in front of the body or hidden behind? Even the way we dress and the colors we wear communicate things to others.
So, do animals communicate? Not in words, although a parrot might be trained to repeat words and phrases which it doesn’t understand.But, as we have learnt, there is more to communicate than words.
Take dogs for example.They show their teeth to warn, shake their tails to welcome and stand firm, with hair upright, to fight.These signals are surely the equals of the human body language of facial expressions, gestures and postures.
Color can be an important means of communication for animals.Many birds and fishes change color, for example, to attract partners during the mating(交配) season.And mating itself is commonly done after a special dance which both partners take part in.
Here, again, there are striking similarities to young men and women who dress up to meet partners at parties, where the music is often too loud for word communication.Communication there takes place through appearance and movement.
The most carefully planned dances in the animal kingdom are those that bees use to communicate.With body movements alone they can tell other bees the direction and distance of a newly discovered food.
All these examples may suggest instinctive(本能的) rather than intelligent communication.But human body language is largely instinctive, too.And, in many ways, body language says far more than intelligent, word communication ever can.
【解题导语】 动物之间能交流吗？答案是肯定的，它们有比语言更多的交流方式。它们会通过身体的不同部位来表达喜、怒、哀、乐。
5．Nodding and shaking the head is a ________．
A．gesture B．facial expression
C．posture D．language
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段第一句的内容可知点头和摇头都是身势语的一种，属于gesture的范畴。
6．Dogs’ shaking their tails means ________．
A．warning B．welcoming
C．fighting D.laughing
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中的“shake their tails to welcome”可知狗摇尾巴是表示欢迎。
7．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Color is not a way of communication for animals.
B．Many birds and fishes change color to show that they don’t want to mate.
C．A special dance often takes place before mating.
D．Word communication is better at parties where music is so loud.
C 解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段最后一句可知双方在交配前有一段特殊的舞蹈，故C项正确。由第五段首句可知A项错误；由第五段第二句可知B项错误；由第六段可知D项错误。
8．Bees use body movements to ________．
A．attract partners to communicate
B．communicate where they have been
C．tell other bees where to go and how far it is
D．show their victory
C 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知蜜蜂使用身势语告诉其同伴新发现的食物的方向和距离。
七选五
Improving your body language can improve the clarity of your message, make you appear more confident and more attractive, improve your first impressions and even make you feel better. Here are a few tips to improve your body language:
Don’t cross your arms or legs. You have probably already heard you shouldn’t cross your arms as it might make you seem defensive or guarded. 1.________ Keep your arms and legs open.
2．________ If there are several people you are talking to, give them all some eye contact to create a better connection and see if they are listening. Keeping too much eye contact might make people uncomfortable. Giving no eye contact might make you seem insecure. If you aren’t used to keeping eye contact it might feel a little hard or scary in the beginning. Keep working on it and you’ll get used to it.
Smile and laugh. Don’t take yourself too seriously. Relax a bit, smile and laugh when someone says something funny. People will be a lot more likely to listen to you if you seem to be a positive person. But don’t be the first to laugh at your own jokes. 3.________
Smile when you are introduced to someone but don’t keep a smile plastered on your face, or you’ll seem insincere.
Move at a relaxed steady pace. Moving too fast can make you seem nervous and unconfident. 4.________ It will make you both feel less stressed and more confident at the same time.
With all the above tips, do what feels natural and don’t overdo anything. Try and improve just one piece of body language consciously each day, and you may be surprised just how much clearer and better you can communicate your point with just a little attention to personal development. 5.________
A．Go ahead and have a try!
B．Learn to slow down a bit.
C．This goes for your legs too.
D．Make good use of hands.
E．Have eye contact, but don’t stare.
F．It makes you seem nervous and needy.
G．This naturally makes you appear more confident.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何通过改善肢体语言来提高你的交流能力， 让你更自信。并给出了一些改善肢体语言的技巧。
1．C 解析：上文说到交叉胳膊会让你看起来处于防御性或自我保护的状态。这同样适用于腿。因此要保持胳膊和腿是分开的， 分析本句可知，对腿也是这样的情形，故C项符合题意。
2．E 解析：本题是对这一段的总结。根据本段内容可知， 有多人跟你说话， 要用眼神与他们交流， 但不能老是盯着他们， 因为这会让人不舒服。分析选项可知E项(Have eye contact, but don’t stare.)要有眼神交流， 但不能老是盯着他们， 符合题意， 故选E。
3．F 解析：根据空前内容及分析选项可知F项与本段内容相符， 且F项中nervous与本段中的not to seriously相对应， 故选F。
4．B 解析：根据本段第一句“Move at a relaxed steady pace.”可知语速要平稳， 不能太快否则会使你显得紧张和不自信。因此要学会放慢速度。它会让你在同一时间感到更少的压力和更自信。分析选项可知B项(学会放慢速度)符合题意， 故选B。
5．A 解析：根据本段的内容可知， 每天练习肢体语言， 能更清楚、更好地表达你自己。分析选项可知A项(去试一试)符合题意， 故选A。
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
重点单词
写作词汇
1.hug vt. 紧抱；拥抱
2.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看
3.wipe vt. 擦；抹；揩
4.request n． 请求；要求
5.favour n. 恩惠；善意的行为
6.live adj. 现场的
拓展词汇
7.panic v．恐慌；惊慌→过去式/过去分词panicked/panicked
8.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼
9.invitation n．邀请→invite v．邀请
10.performance n．表演→perform v．表演；表现； 运行→performer n．表演者
11.judgement n．判断；意见→judge v．判断 n．法官；裁判员
12.equality n．平等→equal adj.平等的→equally adv.平等地；同样地
13.social adj.社会的→society n．社会
阅读词汇
14.ankle n． 脚踝
15.eyebrow n. 眉毛
16.lip n. 嘴唇
17.wrist n. 手腕
18.religion n. 宗教
19.host n. 主人
20.toast n. 祝酒；干杯
21.sip n． 一抿之量；小口喝
22.blank adj. 空白的
23.classical adj. 古典的；古代的
24.applause n. 掌声
25.prolong vt. 延长
26.handclap n. 拍手
27.infectious adj. 有感染性的
28.funeral n. 葬礼
重点短语
1.lift up 举起
2.up and down 一上一下地
3.by accident 偶然地
4.say hello to 向……问好
5.switch on 打开(灯、无线电等)
6.stare at 凝视，盯着
7.ask sb.a favour 请某人帮忙
8.be in competition with 与……竞争
重点句型
1.every time＋时间状语从句：In Russia you must make a toast every time(每次) you take a sip from your glass.
2.含蓄条件句：Without us—the audience—the performance would not be complete (就是不完整的).
3.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句：But some occasions on which people clap(人们鼓掌的某些场合) change from one country to another.
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Which is NOT true about clapping?
A．We clap to show we like something.
B．Clapping has a long history.
C．Britain people clap at a funeral.
D．Clapping is infectious.
2．What did clapping mean in classical Athens?
A．Happiness and thanks.
B．Welcome and happiness.
C．Judgement and taking part.
D．Competition and joy.
3．Which word can replace the word “hold” in Paragraph 2?
A．Take. B．Seat.
C．Bring. D．Use.
4．In this passage, the writer intends to ________．
A．encourage us to clap at the end of a live performance
B．tell us of what clapping and applause mean in different cultures
C．introduce to us about the history of clapping
D．warn us to be careful about the occasions when we can clap
答案：1－4.CCBB
①clap v．(clapped, clapped)鼓掌
②live[laIv]adj.现场的
③performance[p?'f??m?ns]n.表演
put on performances演出
④performer[p?'f??m?]n.表演者
⑤complete adj.完整的；完全的；圆满的 v．完成，结束
⑥classical['kl?sIkl]adj.古典的；古代的
⑦applause[?'pl??z]n.掌声
⑧judgement['d??d?m?nt]n.判断；意见
⑨take part (in)参加，参与
⑩be in competition with与……竞争
?prolong[pr?'l??]vt.延长
prolonged是形容词，表示“被延长的”。
?hold v．容纳；盛得下；装得下
?make a lot of noise制造很多声响
?a sign of...……的标志/象征
?equality[I'kw?l?ti]n.平等
?handclap['h?ndkl?p]n.拍手
?add...to...把……增添到……
?social['s???l]adj.社会的
?laughter n．笑
?laugh out(出声地)大笑
in another way用另外一种方式，在另外一方面
infectious[In'fek??s]adj.有感染性的
spread v．(spread, spread)
传播，散播
universal adj.全球性的，世界性的
修饰单数名词时，前面用冠词a，不用an。
at a wedding在婚礼上
funeral['fju?nr?l]n.葬礼
at a funeral在葬礼上
Clapping
Why do we clap①？ To show we like something, of course.But we don’t clap at the end of a television programme or a book, however good they are. We clap at the end of a live② performance③， such as a play, or a concert, to say thank you to the performers④. First they give, and then we give.Without us—the audience—the performance would not be complete⑤.
◆however good they are＝no matter how good they are，是让步状语从句。
◆the audience作同位语，进一步补充说明us的身份。
The custom of clapping has early beginnings.In classical⑥ Athens, applause⑦ meant judgement⑧ and taking part⑨.Plays were often in competition withB10 each other，and prolonged? clapping helped a play to win.The theatre was large—it could hold? 14，000 people, half the adult male population of the city, which meant that the audience could make a lot of noise?.
Applause was a sign of? being part of the community, and of equality? between actors and audience.The important thing was to make the noise together, to add one’s own small handclap? to? others.Clapping is social?， like laughter?： you don’t very often clap or laugh out? loud alone.It is like laughter in another way?, too: it is infectious?, and spreads? very quickly.Clapping at concerts and theatres is a universal? habit.But some occasions on which people clap change from one country to another.For example, in Britain people clap at a wedding?, but in Italy they sometimes clap at a funeral?.
◆on which people clap是on which引导的定语从句，修饰occasions，on which相当于关系副词when。
鼓掌
我们为什么鼓掌？当然是为了表示我们喜欢某件东西。但不论一个电视节目或一本书有多好，在结束时我们都不鼓掌。我们在现场表演结束时鼓掌，比如说一场戏剧或一场音乐会，以表示对表演者的感谢。首先他们给予精彩的表演，然后我们给予热烈的掌声。没有我们——观众——表演就是不完整的。
鼓掌的习俗很早以前就开始了。在古代雅典，掌声意味着评判和参与。戏剧常常是彼此竞争的，延长的掌声可以帮助某出戏剧获胜。剧场很大——可容纳14 000人，是城市成年男性人口的一半，这就意味着观众们可以制造出很多声响。
掌声是一个人成为团体一员的标志，是演员与观众平等的标志。重要的是整齐地制造声响，将一个人微弱的鼓掌声与其他人的融合起来。鼓掌具有其社会性，就像笑声：你独自一人时不会经常鼓掌或大笑。鼓掌在另一方面也很像笑声：会传染，而且传播得很快。在音乐会上和剧场里，鼓掌是世界性的习惯。但是每个国家的人鼓掌的习惯在某些场合是不同的。例如，在英国人们在婚礼上鼓掌，而在意大利人们有时会在葬礼上鼓掌。
stare vi.凝视；盯着看
(教材P24)If you stare at someone you look at them for a long time.
如果你凝视着某个人，你就要看很长一段时间。
stare at 盯着看；凝视
glare at 怒视
glance at 扫视
①(重庆卷)She stared at the painting, wondering where she had seen it.
她凝视着这幅画，想知道自己曾在哪里见过它。
②(2018·天津卷)A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
一群人坐在大厅里， 停止了说话并盯着我们看。
[巧学活用]——选词填空(stare at/glare at/glance at)
①The boy glared at the thief, shouting，“Put it here.”
②He glanced at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
③(湖南卷)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring at the night sky.
(教材P25)In Thailand you shouldn’t touch someone on the head, even by accident.
在泰国，你不能碰触别人的头部，即使是无意为之。
by chance＝by accident 偶然地
by design＝on purpose 故意地
by mistake 错误地；疏忽地
①While shopping in the mall, I ran into an old friend by accident.
在商场购物时，我偶然碰上一位老朋友。
②She discovered a ring left in her bag by accident.
她偶然发现包里留下了一枚戒指。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The couple first met each other by chance not by design.
②I am sorry to have taken your keys by mistake but not on purpose.
[链接写作]——同义句转换
I met my junior middle school teacher by accident on my way to the museum.
③→I came across my junior middle school teacher on my way to the museum.
④→I happened to meet my junior middle school teacher on my way to the museum.
表示“偶遇，碰巧”的其他短语：come across；happen to do sth.。
panic v．(panicked，panicked)恐慌；惊慌 n．恐慌；惊慌
(教材P26)If your mind goes blank, try not to panic.
如果你大脑一片空白，尽量不要惊慌。
in panic 惊慌地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
①The children panicked when they realized they were lost.
当孩子们意识到迷路的时候，他们惊恐不安。
②I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.
我感到非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The people were panicked(panic) into buying food and water on hearing the broadcast of typhoon.
②The children ran away in panic when they broke the neighbor’s window.
③She got into a real panic when she thought she’d lost the tickets.
request n．请求；要求 vt.请求；要求
(教材P28) Mr and Mrs Harry Blunkett request the pleasure of your company at the wedding of their daughter Elizabeth Ann Blunkett to Mr Jack Humphries, at St David’s Church...
哈里·布伦基特夫妇诚邀您参加他们的女儿伊丽莎白·安·布伦基特和杰克·汉弗莱斯先生在圣大卫教堂举行的婚礼……
(1)request sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth.
要求/请求……做某事
(2)make (a) request for... 请求；要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
①(浙江卷)We most prefer to say yes to the requests of someone we know and like.
对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求我们大多喜欢说可以。
②(2018·天津卷)She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death.
她要求社区在她死后把它变成一个博物馆。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(天津卷)Don’t respond to any e-mails requesting (request) personal information, no matter how official they look.
②Visitors are requested not to touch(touch) the exhibits.
③(湖北卷)You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.
④I came to give a talk to the students at the request of the headmaster.
[链接写作]——一句多译
李老师要求我们每天早晨大声朗读半小时英语。
⑤Mr Li requests us to spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning.(简单句)
⑥Mr Li requests that we should spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning.(复合句)
request后的宾语从句、表语从句以及It is requested that...从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should) do形式。
favour n．恩惠；善意的行为 vt.偏爱；有利于；赞成
(教材P28)Can I ask you a favour?
你能帮我一个忙吗？
(1)ask sb. a favour＝ask a favour of sb.
请某人帮忙，照顾
do a favour for sb.＝do sb.a favour
给某人恩惠，帮某人的忙
(2)in favour of 支持，赞同
①The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.
温暖的气候对多种热带植物的生长有利。
②A mother must not show favour to one child more than another.
做母亲的不应偏爱某一个孩子。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
① Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you?
② My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③—Hey, can I ask you a favour/ask a favour of you(请求你帮忙)?
—Sure, what can I do for you?
live adj.现场的；活着的；有生气的
adv.现场直播地；实况转播地
(教材P29)We clap at the end of a live performance, such as a play, or a concert, to say thank you to the performers.
我们在现场表演结束时鼓掌，比如说一场戏剧或一场音乐会，以表示对表演者的感谢。
①There is going to be a live football match on television this evening.
今天晚上将有一场足球赛的现场直播。
②I will buy two live fish in the market to treat my friends.
我将去市场买两条活鱼来招待我的朋友。
含义
作用
live
活着的；有生命的(主要用于动物)；现场直播的
定语；表语
living
活的；健在的；现存的(强调健在)
表语；前置定语
alive
有生命的(强调还活着，与dead相对)；有生气的
表语；后置定语；宾语补足语
lively
生动活泼的；充满趣味的
定语；补语
[巧学活用]——选词填空(live/living/alive/lively)
①In the car accident the mother was killed, but her two-year-old was found alive．
②We should not carry out an experiment with a live monkey.
③Air and water are needful for living things.
④She had a strange way of making her classes lively and interesting.
⑤We’re looking forward to watching the volleyball match televised live on CCTV.
含蓄条件句
(教材P29)Without us—the audience—the performance would not be complete.
没有我们——观众——表演就是不完整的。
本句为含蓄条件句，without引导的名词短语相当于if引导的条件状语从句。
含蓄条件句中，虚拟条件常由without，but for，otherwise等引出，如果叙述的是与现在和与将来事实相反的情况，主句的谓语动词用would＋动词原形。如果是与过去事实相反的情况，主句的谓语动词用could/would/might＋have done。
①Without air, there would be no living things.
没有空气，便没有生物。
②We couldn’t have finished the work in time without your help(＝ if we hadn’t got your help)．
没有你的帮助我们不会及时完成这项工作。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷)Without his support, we wouldn’t be where we are now.
②(重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn’t have written(write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
[链接写作]——句型转换
③If it hadn’t been for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.
→But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.
品句填词
1．They stared(凝视) at each other for a long time without saying anything.
2．The local people were panicked(恐慌的) by the news of an on-coming earthquake.
3．The government has had two car parks built at the request(要求) of the citizens.
4．Could you do me a favour(帮助) to pick me up from the station?
5．The 2019 CCTV Spring Festival Gala wasn’t recorded show；it was live(现场直播的)．
6．Don’t you believe in equality(平等) between men and women?
7．In some countries teenage crime has become a serious social(社会的) problem.
8．Have you received the invitation(邀请) from Jane to her birthday party?
Ⅱ 语法填空
Winter in Quebec, Canada is very different from that in England. When I first arrived, I was 1.____________ (slight) worried about the winter. I couldn’t imagine 2.____________ it would be like to have 3 metres of snow and what on earth I was going to do when the weather was so bad. However, here, life goes on as usual. Trains and buses continue, and people socialise and even better. 3.____________ number of new sports take over.
For me, skiing means downhill skiing, in ski resorts(度假胜地), with ski lifts taking you up the mountain. Before 4.____________(arrive), I did not know there were in fact different 5.____________(type) of skiing. Imagine a sunny but cold day, and you have taken a chairlift to the top of a mountain 6.____________(cover) in snow. An hour seems like a few minutes, as you carve your way down a run to the bottom, and then do it all again. It is my new favourite sport.
Ice skating on a frozen(结冰的) lake is another 7.____________(excite) sport for me. Once I could hardly stand on a pair of ice skates, but now I am able to make laps(圈) of the 3 km route on the lake, 8.____________ is frozen during January and February.
Indeed having 3 metres of snow was a bit frightening. School 9.____________(cancel) once because of a big snowstorm, but I was 10.____________ busy enjoying all these cool sports that winter finished too soon!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。加拿大魁北克市冬季降雪量会达到三米。不过，别担心，这儿有丰富多样的冬季户外运动。
1．slightly 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰形容词worried，表示“稍微”，故填副词slightly。
2．what 解析：考查连接词。设空表示“我无法想象降雪量达到三米是什么样的情景”，故填what。what在此引导宾语从句。
3．A 解析：考查不定冠词。由下文的描述可知，此处表示“有许多新的运动”，故填A。a number of意为“许多，大量”。
4．arriving 解析：考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词Before的宾语，故填arriving。
5．types 解析：考查名词复数。设空处表示“种类”，因为type是可数名词，由其前的were和different可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填types。
6．covered 解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处表示“被积雪覆盖的山”，cover与mountain之间是动宾关系，故填covered。
7．exciting 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰sport，表示“令人激动的”，故填形容词exciting。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明lake，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．was cancelled 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处表示“有一次因为大暴雪学校还放了假”，school与cancel之间是被动关系，因为设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填was cancelled。
10．so 解析：考查副词。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。
单句语法填空
1．The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped between the floors. People in it had no way out and were in panic.
2．I’d appreciate it very much if you could do a favour for me.
3．Success in life doesn’t happen by accident.It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what you’ve set out to do.
4．Congratulations on your great success in the English writing competition! Your performance(perform) was really impressive!
5．Children in our nation, whatever their family backgrounds are, can all enjoy equality(equal) of right in education.
6．I wouldn’t have__gone(go) through that bitter period without your generous help.
7．Although we were very busy, we accepted the invitation(invite) to the wedding.
8．a. My parents requested that I (should)__learn(learn) a second foreign language.
b．My parents requested me to__learn(learn) a second foreign language.
9．He sat there, staring(stare) into space, playing with a piece of paper.
10．(2019·成都七中月考)I often think of those occasions on which we had a happy time together.
阅读理解
Different people use different languages. We Chinese speak Chinese, and, most of us are learning a foreign language. But there is another kind of language we need to know—the language of the body.
All over the world, people “talk” with their hands, with their heads and with their eyes. When Japanese people meet, they bow. When Indians meet, they put their hands together. What do American and British people do? Americans are more informal than the British: They like to be friendly. They use first names, they ask questions and they talk easily about themselves. When they sit down, they like to relax in their chairs and make themselves comfortable. British people are more reserved(拘谨的). They take more time to make friends. They like to know you before they ask your name.
When British or American people meet someone for the first time, they shake hands. They do not usually shake hands with people they know well. Women sometimes kiss their women friends, and men kiss women friends(on one cheek only). When a man meets a man, he just smiles, and says, “Hello.”Men do not kiss each other, or hold hands. Even fathers and sons do not often kiss each other.
【解题导语】 人们交流除了使用语言外，还通过肢体语言来交流。世界各地不同国家的人交流方式也不尽相同。
1．Which of the following is RIGHT?
A．Different countries have the same body language.
B．Different countries have different body languages.
C．People in Asia share the same body language.
D．Many people only use their body language.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Different people use different languages.”可知不同的国家有不同的身势语。
2．If an American friend visits you, he probably ________．
A．sits straight
B．never sits down
C．makes fun of you
D．sits freely and comfortably
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的第五句、第六句和第七句可知，美国人不拘小节，喜欢自由。
3．If you want to make a British friend, you may feel it ________．
A．impossible B．too easy
C．too difficult D．slow
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“British people are more reserved(拘谨的). They take more time to make friends.”可知和英国人交朋友得花更多的时间。
完形填空
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position.One day, I took the subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown.The following account of what happened to me has taught me much about culture __1__．
Since all the __2__ were taken, I stood.Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag.__3__ I probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion(动作), I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash it was __4__. I turned around to see who the thief was.I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or any __5__ person. My heart sank and I began to __6__．
I glanced around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my __7__．I tried to get it back from her lap.But as I began to __8__ it up, she quickly grabbed(抓住) it back and held onto it.I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any __9__ of the situation. Trying not to cause a(an) __10__， I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as best as I could, but she __11__ my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how __12__it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to __13__ me.
At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, __14__ it on her lap.They didn’t talk; __15__ this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman __16__ handed me back my bag. But __17__ I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.
Sadly, this considerate custom was more __18__ to me than if I had been robbed. Everyone back home had heard of being robbed—that was __19__ city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of __20__， in a city of twelve million people—that was truly unusual.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者旅游时在地铁上，由于文化差异而引起的一场误会。由于座位已满，作者只能站着。后来发现自己的包被人拿走了，一开始以为是被人偷走了。但是作者发现自己的包在一位老妇人的膝盖上，并想要将其拿回。老妇人示意包很重，所以想帮忙拿着包。作者理解了她的善意，而后作者发现这种出于善意的行为在当地是很常见的，也意识到自己误会了老人。
1．A.loss B．aim
C．cause D．difference
D 解析：loss亏损；aim目的；cause原因；difference差异。本文讲述的就是一场由于文化“差异”引起的误会。故本题选D。
2．A.cars B．seats
C．buses D．stations
B 解析：car汽车；seat座位；bus公共汽车；station车站。根据后面的“I stood”可知， “我”之所以站着， 是因为“座位”都被坐满了。所以B选项是正确的。
3．A.Deciding B．Assuming
C．Admitting D．Expecting
B 解析：decide决定； assume假如，认为； admit承认； expect期待。句意：我认为挡了别人的路，我稍微移开了点。所以B选项是正确的。
4．A.broken B．emptied
C．opened D．gone
D 解析：broken坏掉的；emptied掏空的；opened打开的；gone离去了，不在。根据前面的“I felt my bag removed from my back”“我”觉得包从“我”的背上移开， 可知“我”的包丢了。所以D选项是正确的。
5．A.suspicious B．nervous
C．cautious D．dangerous
A 解析：suspicious可疑的；nervous紧张不安的；cautious小心的；dangerous危险的。句意：我向后看，并没有找到我的包，也没有发现任何可疑的人。所以A选项是正确的。
6．A.panic B．scream
C．leave D．regret
A 解析：panic恐慌；scream尖叫；leave离开；regret遗憾。当作者发现自己的包丢了，开始慌了。所以A选项是正确的。
7．A.book B．bag
C．money D．map
B 解析：book书本；bag包；money钱；map地图。作者发现自己的“包”在一个老妇人的膝盖上。所以B选项是正确的。
8．A.pull B．bring
C．check D．wrap
A 解析：pull拉；bring带来；check检查；wrap包。根据“I tried to get it back from her lap.”可知， 作者打算将自己的包拉回来。所以A选项是正确的。
9．A.advantage B．charge
C．notice D．photo
C 解析：advantage优势；charge费用；notice注意；photo照片。take notice 注意到。此处指没有人注意到这种情况。所以C选项是正确的。
10．A.attack B．scene
C．accident D．change
B 解析：attack攻击；scene情形；accident事故；change变化。与前面的“situation”有相同意思的词是“scene情形”，所以B选项是正确的。
11．A.received B．handled
C．considered D．ignored
D 解析：receive收到；handle使用；consider考虑；ignore忽略。作者认为老妇人“忽视”自己的请求，不打算将包归还。所以D选项是正确的。
12．A.small B．useful
C．heavy D．special
C 解析：small小的；useful有用的；heavy沉重的；special特别的。根据老妇人的动作“She picked up my bag”可知， 她是想说这个包很沉重。所以C选项是正确的。
13．A.remind B．tease
C．help D．warn
C 解析：remind提醒；tease取笑；help帮助；warn警告。作者明白了老人不是想将包占为己有，而是觉得包太沉了，想要帮忙拿着包，是要帮助自己。所以C选项是正确的。
14．A.dropping B．tapping
C．closing D．setting
D 解析：drop落下；tap轻拍；close关闭；set使……处于某种位置。在另一站，也有一位老人把别人的包“放在”自己的腿上。所以D选项是正确的。
15．A.yet B．so
C．or D．because
A 解析：yet但是；so所以；or或者；because因为。该空前后两句是转折关系，句意：她们没有交谈(互不相识)，但是，这位老人更加愿意在旅途中将这个陌生人的包放在腿上。所以A选项是正确的。
16．A.angrily B．gratefully
C．anxiously D．gently
D 解析：angrily愤怒地；gratefully感激地；anxiously不安地；gently温柔地。由前文可知，老人是在帮我，所以当我到站了，要下车时，老人温柔地将包归还给我。所以D选项是正确的。
17．A.until B．once
C．before D．while
C 解析：until直到；once一旦；before在……之前；while然而。根据“she had disappeared into the crowd”可知，在“我”道谢之前，老人就已经消失在人群中了。所以C选项是正确的。
18．A.amusing B．surprising
C．annoying D．disappointing
B 解析：amusing有趣的；surprising意外的；annoying讨厌的；disappointing令人失望的。根据前文的描述可知，这种体贴周到的风俗习惯令作者感到意外。所以B选项是正确的。
19．A.usual B．harmful
C．practical D．suitable
A 解析：usual平常的；harmful有害的；practical实际的；suitable适当的。根据前文提到，在另一站，也有一位老人帮陌生人拿包，可知老人的行为在当地是很“平常的”，是司空见惯的。所以A选项是正确的。
20．A.curiosity B．pity
C．kindness D．desperation
C 解析：curiosity好奇；pity遗憾；kindness好意；desperation绝望。out of kindness出自好意。这种帮助陌生人的行为是出自好意。所以C选项是正确的。
课件46张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communicationhugstarewiperequest favourlivepanicrudeinvitationperformancejudgementequalitysocial脚踝眉毛嘴唇手腕宗教主人祝酒；干杯一抿之量；小口喝空白的古典的；古代的掌声延长拍手有感染性的葬礼lift upup and downby accidentsay hello toswitch onstare atask sb.a favourbe in competition withevery timewould not be completeon which people clapsome occasionsglared atglanced atstaring atbybyby oncame acrosshappened to meetwere panickedinarequestingto touchaatrequests us to spend half an hour reading English requests that we should spend half an hour reading aloudEnglish aloudainask you a favour/ask a favour of youalivelivelivinglivelyliveWithouthave writtenBut for your help本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．They stared(凝视) at each other for a long time without saying anything.
2．The local people were panicked(恐慌的) by the news of an on-coming earthquake.
3．The government has had two car parks built at the request(要求) of the citizens.
4．Could you do me a favour(帮助) to pick me up from the station?
5．The 2019 CCTV Spring Festival Gala wasn’t recorded show；it was live(现场直播的)．
6．Don’t you believe in equality(平等) between men and women?
7．In some countries teenage crime has become a serious social(社会的) problem.
8．Have you received the invitation(邀请) from Jane to her birthday party?
Ⅱ 语法填空
Winter in Quebec, Canada is very different from that in England. When I first arrived, I was 1.____________ (slight) worried about the winter. I couldn’t imagine 2.____________ it would be like to have 3 metres of snow and what on earth I was going to do when the weather was so bad. However, here, life goes on as usual. Trains and buses continue, and people socialise and even better. 3.____________ number of new sports take over.
For me, skiing means downhill skiing, in ski resorts(度假胜地), with ski lifts taking you up the mountain. Before 4.____________(arrive), I did not know there were in fact different 5.____________(type) of skiing. Imagine a sunny but cold day, and you have taken a chairlift to the top of a mountain 6.____________(cover) in snow. An hour seems like a few minutes, as you carve your way down a run to the bottom, and then do it all again. It is my new favourite sport.
Ice skating on a frozen(结冰的) lake is another 7.____________(excite) sport for me. Once I could hardly stand on a pair of ice skates, but now I am able to make laps(圈) of the 3 km route on the lake, 8.____________ is frozen during January and February.
Indeed having 3 metres of snow was a bit frightening. School 9.____________(cancel) once because of a big snowstorm, but I was 10.____________ busy enjoying all these cool sports that winter finished too soon!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。加拿大魁北克市冬季降雪量会达到三米。不过，别担心，这儿有丰富多样的冬季户外运动。
1．slightly 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰形容词worried，表示“稍微”，故填副词slightly。
2．what 解析：考查连接词。设空表示“我无法想象降雪量达到三米是什么样的情景”，故填what。what在此引导宾语从句。
3．A 解析：考查不定冠词。由下文的描述可知，此处表示“有许多新的运动”，故填A。a number of意为“许多，大量”。
4．arriving 解析：考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词Before的宾语，故填arriving。
5．types 解析：考查名词复数。设空处表示“种类”，因为type是可数名词，由其前的were和different可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填types。
6．covered 解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处表示“被积雪覆盖的山”，cover与mountain之间是动宾关系，故填covered。
7．exciting 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰sport，表示“令人激动的”，故填形容词exciting。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明lake，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．was cancelled 解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处表示“有一次因为大暴雪学校还放了假”，school与cancel之间是被动关系，因为设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填was cancelled。
10．so 解析：考查副词。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。
单句语法填空
1．The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped between the floors. People in it had no way out and were in panic.
2．I’d appreciate it very much if you could do a favour for me.
3．Success in life doesn’t happen by accident.It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what you’ve set out to do.
4．Congratulations on your great success in the English writing competition! Your performance(perform) was really impressive!
5．Children in our nation, whatever their family backgrounds are, can all enjoy equality(equal) of right in education.
6．I wouldn’t have__gone(go) through that bitter period without your generous help.
7．Although we were very busy, we accepted the invitation(invite) to the wedding.
8．a. My parents requested that I (should)__learn(learn) a second foreign language.
b．My parents requested me to__learn(learn) a second foreign language.
9．He sat there, staring(stare) into space, playing with a piece of paper.
10．(2019·成都七中月考)I often think of those occasions on which we had a happy time together.
阅读理解
Different people use different languages. We Chinese speak Chinese, and, most of us are learning a foreign language. But there is another kind of language we need to know—the language of the body.
All over the world, people “talk” with their hands, with their heads and with their eyes. When Japanese people meet, they bow. When Indians meet, they put their hands together. What do American and British people do? Americans are more informal than the British: They like to be friendly. They use first names, they ask questions and they talk easily about themselves. When they sit down, they like to relax in their chairs and make themselves comfortable. British people are more reserved(拘谨的). They take more time to make friends. They like to know you before they ask your name.
When British or American people meet someone for the first time, they shake hands. They do not usually shake hands with people they know well. Women sometimes kiss their women friends, and men kiss women friends(on one cheek only). When a man meets a man, he just smiles, and says, “Hello.”Men do not kiss each other, or hold hands. Even fathers and sons do not often kiss each other.
【解题导语】 人们交流除了使用语言外，还通过肢体语言来交流。世界各地不同国家的人交流方式也不尽相同。
1．Which of the following is RIGHT?
A．Different countries have the same body language.
B．Different countries have different body languages.
C．People in Asia share the same body language.
D．Many people only use their body language.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Different people use different languages.”可知不同的国家有不同的身势语。
2．If an American friend visits you, he probably ________．
A．sits straight
B．never sits down
C．makes fun of you
D．sits freely and comfortably
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的第五句、第六句和第七句可知，美国人不拘小节，喜欢自由。
3．If you want to make a British friend, you may feel it ________．
A．impossible B．too easy
C．too difficult D．slow
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“British people are more reserved(拘谨的). They take more time to make friends.”可知和英国人交朋友得花更多的时间。
完形填空
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position.One day, I took the subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown.The following account of what happened to me has taught me much about culture __1__．
Since all the __2__ were taken, I stood.Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag.__3__ I probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion(动作), I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash it was __4__. I turned around to see who the thief was.I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or any __5__ person. My heart sank and I began to __6__．
I glanced around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my __7__．I tried to get it back from her lap.But as I began to __8__ it up, she quickly grabbed(抓住) it back and held onto it.I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any __9__ of the situation. Trying not to cause a(an) __10__， I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as best as I could, but she __11__ my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how __12__it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to __13__ me.
At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, __14__ it on her lap.They didn’t talk; __15__ this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman __16__ handed me back my bag. But __17__ I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.
Sadly, this considerate custom was more __18__ to me than if I had been robbed. Everyone back home had heard of being robbed—that was __19__ city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of __20__， in a city of twelve million people—that was truly unusual.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者旅游时在地铁上，由于文化差异而引起的一场误会。由于座位已满，作者只能站着。后来发现自己的包被人拿走了，一开始以为是被人偷走了。但是作者发现自己的包在一位老妇人的膝盖上，并想要将其拿回。老妇人示意包很重，所以想帮忙拿着包。作者理解了她的善意，而后作者发现这种出于善意的行为在当地是很常见的，也意识到自己误会了老人。
1．A.loss B．aim
C．cause D．difference
D 解析：loss亏损；aim目的；cause原因；difference差异。本文讲述的就是一场由于文化“差异”引起的误会。故本题选D。
2．A.cars B．seats
C．buses D．stations
B 解析：car汽车；seat座位；bus公共汽车；station车站。根据后面的“I stood”可知， “我”之所以站着， 是因为“座位”都被坐满了。所以B选项是正确的。
3．A.Deciding B．Assuming
C．Admitting D．Expecting
B 解析：decide决定； assume假如，认为； admit承认； expect期待。句意：我认为挡了别人的路，我稍微移开了点。所以B选项是正确的。
4．A.broken B．emptied
C．opened D．gone
D 解析：broken坏掉的；emptied掏空的；opened打开的；gone离去了，不在。根据前面的“I felt my bag removed from my back”“我”觉得包从“我”的背上移开， 可知“我”的包丢了。所以D选项是正确的。
5．A.suspicious B．nervous
C．cautious D．dangerous
A 解析：suspicious可疑的；nervous紧张不安的；cautious小心的；dangerous危险的。句意：我向后看，并没有找到我的包，也没有发现任何可疑的人。所以A选项是正确的。
6．A.panic B．scream
C．leave D．regret
A 解析：panic恐慌；scream尖叫；leave离开；regret遗憾。当作者发现自己的包丢了，开始慌了。所以A选项是正确的。
7．A.book B．bag
C．money D．map
B 解析：book书本；bag包；money钱；map地图。作者发现自己的“包”在一个老妇人的膝盖上。所以B选项是正确的。
8．A.pull B．bring
C．check D．wrap
A 解析：pull拉；bring带来；check检查；wrap包。根据“I tried to get it back from her lap.”可知， 作者打算将自己的包拉回来。所以A选项是正确的。
9．A.advantage B．charge
C．notice D．photo
C 解析：advantage优势；charge费用；notice注意；photo照片。take notice 注意到。此处指没有人注意到这种情况。所以C选项是正确的。
10．A.attack B．scene
C．accident D．change
B 解析：attack攻击；scene情形；accident事故；change变化。与前面的“situation”有相同意思的词是“scene情形”，所以B选项是正确的。
11．A.received B．handled
C．considered D．ignored
D 解析：receive收到；handle使用；consider考虑；ignore忽略。作者认为老妇人“忽视”自己的请求，不打算将包归还。所以D选项是正确的。
12．A.small B．useful
C．heavy D．special
C 解析：small小的；useful有用的；heavy沉重的；special特别的。根据老妇人的动作“She picked up my bag”可知， 她是想说这个包很沉重。所以C选项是正确的。
13．A.remind B．tease
C．help D．warn
C 解析：remind提醒；tease取笑；help帮助；warn警告。作者明白了老人不是想将包占为己有，而是觉得包太沉了，想要帮忙拿着包，是要帮助自己。所以C选项是正确的。
14．A.dropping B．tapping
C．closing D．setting
D 解析：drop落下；tap轻拍；close关闭；set使……处于某种位置。在另一站，也有一位老人把别人的包“放在”自己的腿上。所以D选项是正确的。
15．A.yet B．so
C．or D．because
A 解析：yet但是；so所以；or或者；because因为。该空前后两句是转折关系，句意：她们没有交谈(互不相识)，但是，这位老人更加愿意在旅途中将这个陌生人的包放在腿上。所以A选项是正确的。
16．A.angrily B．gratefully
C．anxiously D．gently
D 解析：angrily愤怒地；gratefully感激地；anxiously不安地；gently温柔地。由前文可知，老人是在帮我，所以当我到站了，要下车时，老人温柔地将包归还给我。所以D选项是正确的。
17．A.until B．once
C．before D．while
C 解析：until直到；once一旦；before在……之前；while然而。根据“she had disappeared into the crowd”可知，在“我”道谢之前，老人就已经消失在人群中了。所以C选项是正确的。
18．A.amusing B．surprising
C．annoying D．disappointing
B 解析：amusing有趣的；surprising意外的；annoying讨厌的；disappointing令人失望的。根据前文的描述可知，这种体贴周到的风俗习惯令作者感到意外。所以B选项是正确的。
19．A.usual B．harmful
C．practical D．suitable
A 解析：usual平常的；harmful有害的；practical实际的；suitable适当的。根据前文提到，在另一站，也有一位老人帮陌生人拿包，可知老人的行为在当地是很“平常的”，是司空见惯的。所以A选项是正确的。
20．A.curiosity B．pity
C．kindness D．desperation
C 解析：curiosity好奇；pity遗憾；kindness好意；desperation绝望。out of kindness出自好意。这种帮助陌生人的行为是出自好意。所以C选项是正确的。
Section Ⅳ Grammar
条件状语从句与让步状语从句
1．(教材P22)If you say the word “communication”， most people think of words and sentences.
2．(教材P22) Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
3．(教材P26)Unless you’re very unlucky you’ll soon think of something.
4．(教材P27)Whatever you do, don’t leave immediately after the meal is finished.
5．(教材P27)However hungry you are, you shouldn’t start to eat before your host does.
条件状语从句
条件状语从句是用于表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。引导该从句的连词主要有：if，unless(除非)，as (so) long as(只要)，on condition (that)(如果)，in case(以防)等。
◆(2018·北京卷)If we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上许多动植物将不复存在。
◆(北京卷)You won’t find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.
只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。
◆(四川卷)I’ll be out for some time. In case anything important happens, call me up immediately.
我要出去一段时间。如果有什么重要的事情发生，立即给我打电话。
◆I’ll let you have the book on condition that you return it to me next week.
我可以把书借给你，条件是你下星期得还给我。
(1)在条件状语从句中，如果主句用了一般将来时，那么从句通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
(2)unless引导条件状语从句时，要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的：unless＝if...not...，意为“除非，如果不”。
让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示前后句之间为让步关系。引导该从句的连词主要有：though, although, as, even if/even though(即使), 疑问词-ever/no matter＋疑问词(无论……)等。
1．though, although, while引导的让步状语从句
这些词引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然，尽管”，although 较为正式。
◆(安徽卷)Although/Though scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know.
尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解很多了，但是依然有许多我们不知道的东西。
◆(2016·浙江卷6月)While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。
(1)though和although引导的让步状语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，不与but连用，但可与表示转折的yet, still连用。though可以当副词用，但 although不可当副词用。
(2)though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，而although引导的从句不倒装。
(3) while引导让步状语从句时，一般位于主句之前。
2．as引导让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句，要用倒装结构：“形容词/副词/名词(不加冠词)/动词原形＋though/as＋主语＋谓语”，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词原形置于句首。
◆(陕西卷)Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
虽然晚上很热，但因长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
◆Hard as/though I tried to explain, he still didn’t understand.
尽管我尽力向他解释，他仍然不懂。
◆Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.
尽管他很努力，但还是无法解决这个问题。
◆Child as/though he was, he had a good command of English.
尽管他还是个孩子，但他精通英语。
3．even if, even though引导的让步状语从句
even if, even though引导让步状语从句时，意为“即使”。
(2016·北京卷)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though he’s in his nineties.
我爷爷虽然已经90多岁了，但他有时还打网球。
4．“wh＋-ever”和“no matter＋wh-”引导的让步状语从句
“wh＋-ever”和“no matter＋wh-”所引导的让步状语从句均表示“无论；不管”，可互换。
◆Whatever/No matter what you say, I won’t believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
(1)“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever还可引导名词性从句。
(2)however引导让步状语从句时，后要紧跟形容词或副词，即：However＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语。另外，however还是副词，意为“然而”。
◆Your mother will wait for you however/no matter how late it is.
不管多晚，你妈妈都会等着你。
5．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“无论是否；不管是……还是……”。
◆Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.
不管你信不信，这是真的。
◆Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as planned.
不管天气是好还是坏，他们都要按计划启程。
单句语法填空
1．(陕西卷)I believe you will have a wonderful time here once you get to know everyone else.
2．He is always on time for school whether it rains or snows.
3．(四川卷)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son although/though/even__if he wants to.
4．(2019·北京海淀期末)Poor as/though he was in health, he insisted on doing the experiment in the lab.
5．Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
6．Many adults agree that teenagers shouldn’t live alone unless they have their parents’ permission.
7．Allow children to voice their opinion, even if/though they are different from your own.
8．(2019·江苏淮安期中)We have an adviser on hand in this activity in case you have any worries or problems.
9．However busy he is, he is ready to help others who are in trouble.
10．While/Although/Though I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
语法与写作
1．不管他是否喜欢这部电影，他都不会忘记它。
Whether he liked the film or not, he couldn’t forget it.
2．即使你失败了，你也会得到一些经验。
Even if/though you fail, you will gain experience.
3．无论你现在的梦想是什么，它总会改变。
Whatever(No matter what) your dream is now, it will change.
4．如果你已经完成了作业，你可以休息。
If you have finished your homework, you can have a rest.
5．除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。
They will go tomorrow unless it rains．
课件18张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationIfAlthoughUnlessWhateverHoweveroncewhetheralthough/though/even ifas/thoughWhereverunlessif/thoughinHoweverWhile/Although/ThoughWhether he liked the film or notEven if/though you failWhatever(No matter what) your dream is nowIf you have finished your homeworkunless it rains本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放Section Ⅴ Writing
邀请函
文体感知
邀请函属于应用文，主要用来邀请某人参加宴会、庆祝活动或会议等。写作时要交代清楚活动的时间、地点与具体的内容。根据与被邀请人的关系疏密选用适当的语气。
增分佳句
1．邀请常用句式
①I’m writing to invite you to...
②I wonder if you can come...
③It is my pleasure for me to invite you to...
④My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come.
⑤We are looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
⑥I hope you’re not too busy to come.
⑦Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.
⑧I am longing to see you soon.
2．接受邀请常用句式
①Thank you for your invitation to...
②We are delighted to accept...
③It is with great pleasure...
④We are sincerely happy to join you...
3．拒绝邀请常用句式
①I shall have to say no to your kind invitation to...
②Very regretfully...
③Because of..., we find we cannot...
写作模板
Dear Li Hua，
I take the pleasure to invite you to ________ (引出主题)．
The speech about how to protect nature will be given by Professor Wang ________ (活动的具体时间、地点和内容)．I think you will be interested in it because, as far as I know, you are ________ (阐明邀请的理由)．By the way, after the speech, you can ________ (其他的一些活动)．
I’m looking forward to ________ (表达愿望)．
Sincerely yours，
Li Ming
写作要求
假如你是李华，是新华中学的学生会主席。为了丰富同学们的业余生活，提高同学们的英语水平，学生会成立了一个英语俱乐部。请你写一封邀请信邀请同学们参加。内容应包括以下要点：
1．俱乐部成立的目的；
2．俱乐部要开展的活动；
3．邀请大家参加俱乐部。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：礼堂auditorium
Boys and girls，
I’m the chairman of Student Union, Li Hua, and I have big news for you.____________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
审题谋篇
体裁
议论文
时态
一般现在时
主题
邀请同学们参加英语俱乐部
人称
第一人称
结构
首段：英语俱乐部成立的目的；
中段：英语俱乐部要开展的活动；
尾段：发出邀请
词汇推敲
1．建立 set up
2．对……有益处 be beneficial to
3．专心于，卷入…… be involved in
4．显然 obviously
5．除……以外(还) apart from
6．列举如下 as follows
7．丰富我们的学校生活 enrich our school life
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①我们学生会组织了一个英语俱乐部。目的是丰富同学们的业余生活，提高同学们的英语水平。
We, Student Union, set up an English club. The aim is to enrich our school life and improve our English ability．
②除了学习，显然还有许多对我们有益的事情。
Obviously，besides study，there are also other things beneficial to us．
③俱乐部可以使我们的学校生活变得丰富多彩。
The club can make our school life colorful．
④如果你能积极参加俱乐部，我将不胜感激。
I’ll highly appreciate it if you are actively involved in the club.
2．句式升级
⑤用不定式作状语升级句①
To enrich our school life and improve our English ability, we, Student Union, set up an English club.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Boys and girls，
I’m the chairman of Student Union, Li Hua, and I have big news for you. To enrich our school life and improve our English ability, we, Student Union, set up an English club. Obviously, besides study, there are also other things beneficial to us. It is believed that the club can make our school life colorful. The plan is as follows.
It is arranged that we will see English films in the auditorium on Saturday evening. Apart from that, there is going to be an English debate or discussion on Sunday evening. Yet, the specific topics haven’t been settled. If you have wonderful ideas and suggestions, please let us know.
I’ll highly appreciate it if you are actively involved in the club. You will never regret joining us. So, just do it.
Student Union
假如你是第二中学学生会主席李华。你准备邀请英语专家Black教授来你校做一次关于如何正确使用身势语的讲座。请根据以下要点给Black教授写一封邀请信。
1．讲座时间：6月21日。
2．讲座内容：如何正确使用身势语。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Professor Black，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of No. 2 Middle School._______________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Professor Black，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of No. 2 Middle School. It is a great honour to invite you to give a lecture to the students in my school on how to use body language correctly on June 21.
Body language has always been a puzzle for us students and we’re eager to know something about it. It would be our great honour if you could come to give us a lecture on it. Our school will pay for the travelling cost and other fees for this lecture.
Please let me know your date of arrival if you can come. If you have any question, please contact me as soon as possible.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
单句语法填空
1．You will never gain success unless you are devoted to your work fully.
2．(2019·北京朝阳区期末)Having a hobby is good for you. It doesn’t matter what it is as long as it drives your forward.
3．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully.
4．Whatever difficulties they may come across, they will help one another to get over them.
5．John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out in case he phones.
6．They will never succeed in passing the driving test, however hard they try.
7．Whenever I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
8．(福建卷)Though/Although/While the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
9．Bravely as/though we fought in the competition, we had no chance of winning.
10．(2019·四川雅安中学月考)Whether it is right or wrong, his opinion should be paid attention to.
阅读理解
Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.
Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved(保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.
【解题导语】 这篇短文讲述了在什么情况下握手比较得体，并给我们提供了有关握手的事例。
1．In the old days in Europe, people put out their unarmed hands to each other __________．
A．to make a deal B．to greet each other
C．to show friendliness D．to reach an agreement
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill.”可判断出在过去，欧洲人相互出示没有武装的手表示友好。所以C选项是正确的。
2．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．where handshaking was first practiced
B．how handshaking came about
C．about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D．about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe.”可知第一段主要讲述了握手的起源。所以B选项是正确的。
3．According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Westerners are more reserved than the Chinese.
B．Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.
C．We should make a judgement before shaking hands.
D．We shouldn’t shake hands with European women.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据短文最后一句话“So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.”可知握手前要作判断。所以C选项是正确的。
4．The main purpose of the text is ________．
A．to tell us some differences between the East and the West
B．to offer us some important facts about handshaking
C．to introduce to us some different customs in the West
D．to give us some advice before we travel abroad
B 解析：写作意图题。这篇短文讲述了在什么情况下握手比较得体， 给我们提供了有关握手的事例。所以B选项是正确的。
语法填空
When you meet someone, always shake their hands. Say “please” when you ask for something. Stand up when an older person enters the room.
Every country has a system of manners, that is, rules for behavior. Each particular culture has a history of 1.____________(accept) behavior. People teach these manners to their children. Everyone in a culture 2.____________(usual) agrees on what is good behavior and what is not.
When you visit a new place, you need to learn 3.____________ manners for that place. But what will happen when many different people come together? What if they do not know the rules in this place? The Internet is a place like this. People use the Internet for many things. One of the most important is 4.____________(communicate). The Internet 5.____________(help) people communicate quickly. And there are many different ways to communicate 6.____________(use) the Internet. People e-mail long messages to friends or co-workers. They post short messages and links on social networks like Facebook or Twitter. Or people add 7.____________(they) comments to news websites and online group discussions.
But in all these ways of communicating, people sometimes write hurtful things. That is 8.____________ many people think it is important to teach Internet manners. Some schools and universities now teach students correct Internet behavior. There are many rules 9.____________(follow). Today we will look at just a few of them 10.____________ asking the questions: Who? What? How? and Where?
【解题导语】 每种文化都有自己的一套礼仪规则，现在流行的网络也有它的礼仪用语。
1．accepted 解析：句意：每个特定的文化都有被接受的行为的历史。此处是过去分词作前置定语。故答案为accepted。
2．usually 解析：副词修饰动词，故答案为usually。
3．the 解析：句意：当你拜访一个新地方时，你需要学习那个地方的礼仪。此处表示特指，故答案为the。
4．communication 解析：句意：其中最重要的一项是交流。用名词作表语，故答案为communication。
5．helps 解析：句意：因特网会快速地帮助人们交流。根据句意可知用一般现在时，The Internet是句子主语，故答案为helps。
6．using 解析：句意：并且有很多用因特网交流的不同方式。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为using。
7．their 解析：形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为their。
8．why 解析：句意：这就是为什么许多人认为教授网络礼仪很重要。根据句意可知此处是why引导的表语从句。
9．to follow 解析：句意：有很多可遵循的规则。动词不定式作后置定语，答案为to follow。
10．by 解析：此处表示通过问问题。by doing sth.通过做某事， 故答案为by。
Ⅳ 应用文写作
假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting) 艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．展览时间、地点；
2．展览内容。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Henry，
I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. next Sunday in our city center.
Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China, which has a history of more than 1，500 years. People often beautify their home with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings. In this exhibition, you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns. In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅴ 读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行读写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Lorena parted the curtain in her living room and looked out onto the wet street. She was relieved the sunlight appeared. If it didn’t stop raining it would ruin her day. Her mother had promised to drive her to Fashion Fair if it were sunny. Lorena was desperate to go there because she had to replace a Nike jacket．
Earlier that Wednesday afternoon, Eddie,__the most popular seventh-grader, had given Lorena his jacket and asked her to keep an eye as he would play basketball in a hurry. Lorena was quite happy to be of help.
During her last class, the biology teacher made them cut apart dead frogs. For fear of getting blood on Eddie’s jacket, Lorena folded it and placed it on a chair. Then she took the knife and cut the skin quickly. She felt sick opening the frog’s belly.
When the bell rang Lorena hurried out because the bus she caught for home left ten minutes after school. She raced to board the bus and found a seat. After a few minutes the driver started the engine and drove away when Lorena looked out of the window and saw Eddie.“The jacket！”she screamed. She shot from her seat and ran up to the driver.“You’ve got to stop! I forgot Eddie’s jacket！”“Who’s Eddie? I don’t know no Eddie，”the driver said crossly.“Sit down.”
All that evening she was upset and blamed her biology teacher for her problem. If he hadn’t made them dissect(解剖) frogs, she wouldn’t have been so absent-minded. The next day Lorena rushed from the bus to the__biology__room. The jacket was not there!
“How can I ever tell Eddie？”she closed her eyes. She spent most of her break and lunch period in the rest room, brushing her hair and worrying. On Friday she stayed home to avoid Eddie. She told her mother she wanted to go shopping to buy her a gift for her birthday, which was the next week. Actually, she wanted to buy a Nike jacket with her life savings at Fashion Fair.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Mom drove Lorena to Fashion Fair and left, asking her not to waste money. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Lorena was about to leave when she saw Eddie in his Nike jacket. ___________________
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One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
Mom drove Lorena to Fashion Fair and left, asking her not to waste money. Lorena promised and ran in. Stopping at a rack of Nike jackets,__she wondered what size Eddie wore. She tried one on and found the sleeves coming down over her hands. She felt it must be the size. She walked to the cash register and paid the money. She was overjoyed to have settled the problem. Then she headed for the perfume department to buy a gift for Mom. It was too bad she didn’t have enough money!
Paragraph 2：
Lorena was about to leave when she saw Eddie in his Nike jacket.With a tight face, Eddie scolded Lorena why she had left his jacket in the__biology__room．“I thought we could be friends，”he complained.“I can explain，”Lorena begged.“You’re of no help at all！”Eddie rushed off.“What the hell’s going on？”Lorena wondered. Realizing some people could never be friends, she wiped her eyes, returned the jacket, bought Mom some cheese instead of the romantic perfume and went home.
课件21张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communicationset upbe beneficial tobe involved inobviouslyapart fromas followsenrich our school lifeto enrich our school life and improve our English abilityother things beneficial to usmake our school life colorfulappreciate it ifTo enrich our school life and improve our English ability, we,
Student Union, set up an English club.本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
单句语法填空
1．You will never gain success unless you are devoted to your work fully.
2．(2019·北京朝阳区期末)Having a hobby is good for you. It doesn’t matter what it is as long as it drives your forward.
3．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully.
4．Whatever difficulties they may come across, they will help one another to get over them.
5．John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out in case he phones.
6．They will never succeed in passing the driving test, however hard they try.
7．Whenever I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
8．(福建卷)Though/Although/While the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
9．Bravely as/though we fought in the competition, we had no chance of winning.
10．(2019·四川雅安中学月考)Whether it is right or wrong, his opinion should be paid attention to.
阅读理解
Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.
Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved(保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.
【解题导语】 这篇短文讲述了在什么情况下握手比较得体，并给我们提供了有关握手的事例。
1．In the old days in Europe, people put out their unarmed hands to each other __________．
A．to make a deal B．to greet each other
C．to show friendliness D．to reach an agreement
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill.”可判断出在过去，欧洲人相互出示没有武装的手表示友好。所以C选项是正确的。
2．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．where handshaking was first practiced
B．how handshaking came about
C．about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D．about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe.”可知第一段主要讲述了握手的起源。所以B选项是正确的。
3．According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Westerners are more reserved than the Chinese.
B．Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.
C．We should make a judgement before shaking hands.
D．We shouldn’t shake hands with European women.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据短文最后一句话“So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.”可知握手前要作判断。所以C选项是正确的。
4．The main purpose of the text is ________．
A．to tell us some differences between the East and the West
B．to offer us some important facts about handshaking
C．to introduce to us some different customs in the West
D．to give us some advice before we travel abroad
B 解析：写作意图题。这篇短文讲述了在什么情况下握手比较得体， 给我们提供了有关握手的事例。所以B选项是正确的。
语法填空
When you meet someone, always shake their hands. Say “please” when you ask for something. Stand up when an older person enters the room.
Every country has a system of manners, that is, rules for behavior. Each particular culture has a history of 1.____________(accept) behavior. People teach these manners to their children. Everyone in a culture 2.____________(usual) agrees on what is good behavior and what is not.
When you visit a new place, you need to learn 3.____________ manners for that place. But what will happen when many different people come together? What if they do not know the rules in this place? The Internet is a place like this. People use the Internet for many things. One of the most important is 4.____________(communicate). The Internet 5.____________(help) people communicate quickly. And there are many different ways to communicate 6.____________(use) the Internet. People e-mail long messages to friends or co-workers. They post short messages and links on social networks like Facebook or Twitter. Or people add 7.____________(they) comments to news websites and online group discussions.
But in all these ways of communicating, people sometimes write hurtful things. That is 8.____________ many people think it is important to teach Internet manners. Some schools and universities now teach students correct Internet behavior. There are many rules 9.____________(follow). Today we will look at just a few of them 10.____________ asking the questions: Who? What? How? and Where?
【解题导语】 每种文化都有自己的一套礼仪规则，现在流行的网络也有它的礼仪用语。
1．accepted 解析：句意：每个特定的文化都有被接受的行为的历史。此处是过去分词作前置定语。故答案为accepted。
2．usually 解析：副词修饰动词，故答案为usually。
3．the 解析：句意：当你拜访一个新地方时，你需要学习那个地方的礼仪。此处表示特指，故答案为the。
4．communication 解析：句意：其中最重要的一项是交流。用名词作表语，故答案为communication。
5．helps 解析：句意：因特网会快速地帮助人们交流。根据句意可知用一般现在时，The Internet是句子主语，故答案为helps。
6．using 解析：句意：并且有很多用因特网交流的不同方式。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为using。
7．their 解析：形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为their。
8．why 解析：句意：这就是为什么许多人认为教授网络礼仪很重要。根据句意可知此处是why引导的表语从句。
9．to follow 解析：句意：有很多可遵循的规则。动词不定式作后置定语，答案为to follow。
10．by 解析：此处表示通过问问题。by doing sth.通过做某事， 故答案为by。
Ⅳ 应用文写作
假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting) 艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．展览时间、地点；
2．展览内容。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Henry，
I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. next Sunday in our city center.
Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China, which has a history of more than 1，500 years. People often beautify their home with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings. In this exhibition, you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns. In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅴ 读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行读写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Lorena parted the curtain in her living room and looked out onto the wet street. She was relieved the sunlight appeared. If it didn’t stop raining it would ruin her day. Her mother had promised to drive her to Fashion Fair if it were sunny. Lorena was desperate to go there because she had to replace a Nike jacket．
Earlier that Wednesday afternoon, Eddie,__the most popular seventh-grader, had given Lorena his jacket and asked her to keep an eye as he would play basketball in a hurry. Lorena was quite happy to be of help.
During her last class, the biology teacher made them cut apart dead frogs. For fear of getting blood on Eddie’s jacket, Lorena folded it and placed it on a chair. Then she took the knife and cut the skin quickly. She felt sick opening the frog’s belly.
When the bell rang Lorena hurried out because the bus she caught for home left ten minutes after school. She raced to board the bus and found a seat. After a few minutes the driver started the engine and drove away when Lorena looked out of the window and saw Eddie.“The jacket！”she screamed. She shot from her seat and ran up to the driver.“You’ve got to stop! I forgot Eddie’s jacket！”“Who’s Eddie? I don’t know no Eddie，”the driver said crossly.“Sit down.”
All that evening she was upset and blamed her biology teacher for her problem. If he hadn’t made them dissect(解剖) frogs, she wouldn’t have been so absent-minded. The next day Lorena rushed from the bus to the__biology__room. The jacket was not there!
“How can I ever tell Eddie？”she closed her eyes. She spent most of her break and lunch period in the rest room, brushing her hair and worrying. On Friday she stayed home to avoid Eddie. She told her mother she wanted to go shopping to buy her a gift for her birthday, which was the next week. Actually, she wanted to buy a Nike jacket with her life savings at Fashion Fair.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Mom drove Lorena to Fashion Fair and left, asking her not to waste money. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Lorena was about to leave when she saw Eddie in his Nike jacket. ___________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
Mom drove Lorena to Fashion Fair and left, asking her not to waste money. Lorena promised and ran in. Stopping at a rack of Nike jackets,__she wondered what size Eddie wore. She tried one on and found the sleeves coming down over her hands. She felt it must be the size. She walked to the cash register and paid the money. She was overjoyed to have settled the problem. Then she headed for the perfume department to buy a gift for Mom. It was too bad she didn’t have enough money!
Paragraph 2：
Lorena was about to leave when she saw Eddie in his Nike jacket.With a tight face, Eddie scolded Lorena why she had left his jacket in the__biology__room．“I thought we could be friends，”he complained.“I can explain，”Lorena begged.“You’re of no help at all！”Eddie rushed off.“What the hell’s going on？”Lorena wondered. Realizing some people could never be friends, she wiped her eyes, returned the jacket, bought Mom some cheese instead of the romantic perfume and went home.
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.①(重庆卷)He refused to communicate with others, even the family members.
②Body language is a means of communication(communicate), through which we can communicate well with others.
2.①Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
②a.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine various(vary) hardwoods and metal to create special designs.
b.(安徽卷)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety(vary).
3.①I am told that the test will involve answering(answer) questions about a photograph.
②Involved(involve) in the car accident, the driver had no alternative but to stay and wait for the policeman.
③We involve ourselves deeply in environmental protection.
4.Then you usually lay there just staring(stare) at the ceiling, thinking about everything that could go wrong.
5.①Many coffee drinkers in China have been thrown into a panic that coffee causes cancer after a post was spread on social media.
②(2019·安徽十校期末)He spent the rest of the day in panic, fearing what would happen when Davis told his mother what he had done.
③Tom panicked(panic) when he saw smoke coming out of the engine.
6.①The teacher requested the students not to walk(walk) on the grass.
②(重庆卷)We should consider the students’ request that the school library (should) provide(provide) more books on popular science.
7.①(朗文辞典)Could you do me a favour(劳您的驾) and turn off that light？
②(湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside in favor of(支持) younger men.
8.选词填空(live/living/alive/lively)
①The problem must be dealt with in no time, or it will do great harm to the living things in this area.
②He is a strict but kind teacher, who is always trying to make his classes lively．
③The rescuers(营救人员) found the little girl still alive after the earthquake, so they sent her to the hospital at once.
④—Did you watch the football game on TV last night？
—Yes, I did. It was a live broadcast, and I enjoyed every minute of it.
9.That famous performer is said to have performed a humorous performance at yesterday’s evening party, which has left a deep impression on the audience.(perform)
10.Walking on the street, I found an old man lying on the ground unconscious．When I was conscious that the old man was in danger, I called the emergency service.(conscious)
阅读词汇排查练
1.aggressive adj. 攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的
2.weapon n. 武器
3.gesture n. 姿势；姿态
4.forehead n. 前额
5.bow vi. 鞠躬
6.youth n. 年轻人
7.palm n. 手掌
8.slap vt. 掌击
9.ankle n. 脚踝
10.eyebrow n. 眉毛
11.lip n. 嘴唇
12.wrist n. 手腕
13.religion n. 宗教
14.host n. 主人
15.toast n. 祝酒；干杯
16.sip n． 一抿之量；小口喝
17.blank adj. 空白的
18.classical adj. 古典的；古代的
19.applause n. 掌声
20.prolong vt. 延长
21.handclap n. 拍手
22.infectious adj. 有感染性的
23.funeral n. 葬礼
重点短语
会书写
1.on guard (保持)警惕
2.make a deal 达成协议；做成交易
3.hold up 举起；阻碍；延误
4.give away 暴露(自己的情况)；捐赠
5.lift up 举起
6.up and down 一上一下地
7.by accident 偶然地
8.say hello to 向……问好
9.switch on 打开(灯、无线电等)
会应用
1.Yesterday I met Tom in the park by accident, where he was walking up and down, apparently anxious about something.
2.Last week I was held up in bad weather and to make matters worse, my car broke down.
3.It’s dangerous to give away personal information on the Internet.
4.The police warned people to be on guard against pickpockets during the Christmas rush.
5.Let’s make a deal; you’ll cook the dinner, meanwhile, I’ll have the house cleaned.
重点句型
1.more than＋名词
父母不仅是孩子的供养者，还是他们的启蒙老师。
Parents are more than providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.
2.独立主格
最后一班公交车已经走了，我们必须走路回家。
The last bus gone, we had to walk home.
3.含蓄条件句
没有新绘画手法，我们就不能看到那么多著名的杰作。
Without the new painting technique, we would not be able to see so many great masterpieces.
单元语法
1．Luggage may not be brought into the building unless a guard has checked it first.
2．Although/Though/While sometimes one of them may get angry, they have never injured one another.
3．You will make further progress if/once/when you express your gratitude in time.
4．Much as you suspected him, you couldn’t provide powerful evidence.
5．Whenever she visits us, she will bring us gifts.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．众所周知，交流非常重要。交流包括各种各样的互动，有助于改善人们的关系。(communication；involve；various)
2．我们在与别人打交道的过程中，不仅会用到口头和书面语言，还经常会使用身势语。(deal with；body language)
3．并非所有的身势语我们都能意识到。(conscious)
4．身势语因文化而异。(vary)
5．当我们置身国外时，这就要求我们了解更多的身势语知识以便更好地交流。(request)
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One possible version：
As we know, communication is of great importance.It involves various interactions, which contributes to improving people’s relationship.When dealing with others, we use more than spoken and written words.We use body language as well, although not all body language we could be conscious of.As body language varies from culture to culture, we are requested to know more about it when in a foreign country in order to communicate better.
课件19张PPT。Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationwithcommunicationwithfromtovariousvarietyansweringInvolvedinstaringainpanickedto walk(should) providedo me a favourin favor oflivinglivelyaliveliveperformerperformedperformanceunconsciousconscious攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的武器姿势；姿态前额鞠躬年轻人手掌掌击脚踝眉毛嘴唇手腕宗教主人祝酒；干杯一抿之量；小口喝空白的古典的；古代的掌声延长拍手有感染性的葬礼on guardmake a dealhold upgive awaylift upup and downby accidentsay hello toswitch onby accidentup and downheld upgive awayon guardmake a dealmore than providersThe last bus gonewould not be able to seeunlessAlthough/Though/Whileif/once/whenasWhenever本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
