(共53张PPT)
Module 4 Which English？
Module 4 Which English？
Module 4 Which English？
Module 4 Which English？
Module 4 Which English？
Module 4 Which English？
matter
count
link
debate
instantly
recognisable
方言，地方话
痕迹，踪迹
独一无二的；独特的
作家，作者
祖先，前辈
节奏；韵律
双语的，会讲两种语言的
in this sense
as well as
tell...apart
as long as
or rather
lie in
in case
in particular
whether English, Chinese，or any other
as many varieties of English
as there are speakers of it
it’s communication that
counts
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本部分内容讲解结束
Module 4
Which English?
instantly; recognisable; matter; count; trace; unique; author; link; rhythm;
debate; complain; media; revolution; investigate; acquire; convinced;
furthermore; splendid; straightforward; association; relevant; convey; concept;
thus; select; significance; reject; potential; abuse; overcome; oppose; prejudice
必记单
单
resist; conflict; moral; status; approval; curiosity
元先
tell. apart; as long as; lie in; in conclusion; a huge number of; get
重点短语
down to sth. let sb. down
知知
经典句型
as many. as.; It is estimated that
识
单元语法
复习状语和状语从句
话题写作
观点对比类议论文
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending
阅读理解
A
Australian English began separating from British English shortly after the foundation of the Australian penal colony (罪犯流放地) of New South Wales in 1788. British convicts sent there, including cockneys (伦敦东区的人) from London, came mostly from large English cities. They were joined by free settlers, military personnel and officials, often with their families. However, many of the convicts were Irish, with at least 25% directly from Ireland, and others indirectly via Britain. There were other populations of convicts from non?English speaking areas of Britain, such as the Welsh and Scots. The transportation of convicts to Australia ended in 1868, but immigration of free settlers from Britain, Ireland and elsewhere continued.
The earliest form of Australian English was first spoken by the children of the colonists born into the colony of New South Wales. This very first generation of children created a new dialect that was to become the language of the nation. The Australian?born children in the new colony were exposed to a wide range of different dialects from all over the British Isles, in particular from Ireland and the southeastern part of England.
The native?born children of the colony created the new dialect from factors present in the speech they heard around them, and provided a way for the expression of peer solidarity (一致). Even when new settlers arrived, this new dialect was strong enough to turn away from the influence of other patterns of speech.
Records from the early 19th century indicated the distinctive dialect had appeared in the colony since the first settlement. In 1827 Peter Cunningham, in his book Two Years in New South Wales, described that the native?born colonists spoke with a distinctive accent and vocabulary, with a strong London influence.Anthony Burgess wrote that “Australian English may be thought of as a kind of fossilised (僵化的) cockney (伦敦腔) of the Dickensian era”．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍澳大利亚英语的形成过程。
1．Who didn’t go to Australia with the convicts?
A．Miners. B．Soldiers.
C．Officials. D．Free settlers.
A 解析：细节理解题。从文章第一段可知，随着囚犯到澳大利亚去的人中没有矿工。
2．Who created the earliest form of Australian English?
A．Convicts sent to Australia.
B．Free settlers into Australia.
C．The native?born children of the colony.
D．People from Ireland and the southeastern part of England.
C 解析：细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，在澳大利亚出生的孩子说话不同于自己的父母，是他们创造了最初的澳大利亚英语。
3．We can learn from the last paragraph that Australian English________．
A．had no identity of its own
B．was formed before the Dickensian era
C．was quite different from British English
D．was greatly influenced by London accent
D 解析：推理判断题。分析文章最后一段可知，两位作者认为澳大利亚英语具有明显的伦敦口音特征。
4．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Who came to Australia first.
B．How Australia was colonized.
C．How Australian English was formed.
D．What the earliest language in Australia was.
C 解析：主旨大意题。综合全文可知，文章主要说明澳大利亚英语的形成。
B
Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies. Most time the task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies. However, in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf. Now, an adorable blue?eyed robot, a human avatar, and some high?tech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.
The Robot AVatar thermal?Enhanced system, or RAVE, is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by Laura?Ann Petitto, an educational neuroscientist, at Washington, D．C.’s Gallaudet University. The learning process begins when the robot’s camera, which is focused on the baby’s face, detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature. This, combined with the baby’s facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the baby’s attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would. For example, if the baby points towards the screen, the avatar might respond，“Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme, fairy tale, or some essential social communication, all in American Sign Language (ASL). The“conversation”continues until the kid loses interest.
The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes. Petitto says natural language, whether communicated through speech or sign, activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements of communication.
What sets this technique apart from other methods, such as showing educational videos or television shows, is its interactive nature and real?time response to the baby’s actions. The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the system’s long?term influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。
5．What can the RAVE system help parents do?
A．Improve babies’ health condition.
B．Take good care of babies.
C．Develop babies’ language skills.
D．Keep babies company.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.”可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段尾句“Now, an adorable blue?eyed robot, a human avatar, and some high?tech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.”以及第二段中的“The Robot... a team of researchers”可知，RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务，故C项正确。
6．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．How babies learn ASL effectively.
B．How parents educate their babies.
C．How robots talk and read to babies.
D．How the RAVE system works.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第二、三句“The learning...his/her body temperature. This, combined with the baby’s facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the baby’s attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would.”可知，机器人的摄像头可以检测到婴儿细微的体温变化并与婴儿的面部表情相结合，使机器人转动头部，引导婴儿注意电脑屏幕，在电脑屏幕上，一个人类的形象开始与婴儿交流，就像父母一样；结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理，故D项正确。
7．What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?
A．Interest in videos and TV shows.
B．Changes in their body temperature.
C．Improvement in their natural language.
D．Hand movements in a rhythm like ASL.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“babies as young... a few minutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手，故D项正确。
8．What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?
A．Promising. B．Impractical.
C．Satisfactory. D．Disappointing.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段第二、三句“The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the system’s long?term influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.”可知，尽管对这种系统培养婴儿交流技能的长期影响进行评价为时过早，但是其初期的表现令人鼓舞，研究人员将在下一步推出可以用手语和口语与婴儿交流的形象。据此可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合语境，故A项正确。
完形填空
Growing up, I always hid my thumbs (拇指) in my fists because of their unusual shape. 1 they do look more like big toes (脚趾) 2 thumbs.And from an early age, my thumbs 3 another name “toe thumbs”．
In high school, I served as a cashier in a grocery store.One day, I was 4 the bill of a sweet little old lady and as I 5 her change back to her, she suddenly took my hands and said in a thick Polish 6 ，“You are Polish！Look at those 7 Polish thumbs！They match mine！”She raised her hands and 8 her thumbs to me that 9 weathered and wrinkled, looked exactly like mine！She 10 my hands again and said，“Be 11 of those thumbs！”
I’ll never forget that 30?second 12 with a stranger that forever 13 my view of a part of me I once was 14 at and now accept.As I was eating dinner with my son, Samuel, that night, he looked down at my hand 15 on the table next to his and said，“Mommy！Our thumbs 16 ！” I smiled and answered，“Yes, they do, buddy！Those are strong Polish 17 you have！Take pride in them！Maybe someday you’ll have a little boy or girl who will have the same thumbs！” I 18 my son never hides his thumbs like I did.I hope he’ll be proud of their “unusualness” and the 19 behind them.He inherits a (n) 20 part from me and that for me will always be beautiful!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位好心的顾客促使我勇于面对自己异常的大拇指，建立自己“独特”的自尊、自爱和自豪感的故事。
1．A.Fortunately B．Admittedly
C．Normally D．Basically
B 解析：不可否认，它们的确看起来更像大脚趾，而不是大拇指。fortunately“幸运地”；admittedly“诚然，不可否认地”；normally“正常地”；basically“基本地，本质上”。
2．A.other than B．due to
C．instead of D．along with
C 解析：参见上题解析。instead of“代替……，而不是……”符合语境。other than“除了……以外”；due to“由于……，因为……”；along with“与……一起，与……同样地”。
3．A.earned B．cloned
C．found D．deserved
A 解析：根据前一句中的“they do look more like big toes (脚趾)”可知，我的大拇指赢得了另外一个名字“toe thumbs”。earn“赚得，挣得，赢得”；clone“克隆”；deserve“应得，应受到”。
4．A.checking out B．hunting for
C．talking with D．watching over
A 解析：一天，我正在核实一位和蔼可亲的、身材娇小的老太太的账单。check out“检查，核实”。
5．A.paid B．charged
C．donated D．counted
D 解析：正当我数好零钱给她的时候，她突然抓住我的手。count“点数目”。
6．A.tune B．voice
C．language D．accent
D 解析：她用浓重的波兰口音说：“你是波兰人。”accent“口音”符合语境。tune“曲调，调子”；voice“声音，嗓音”；language“语言”。
7．A.beautiful B．strange
C．long D．clumsy
A 解析：根据下文可知，老太太是在赞美这些独特的大拇指，且文章最后一句出现了beautiful，故此处选beautiful。
8．A.passed B．showed
C．recommended D．offered
B 解析：她举起她的手，把她的大拇指给我看。show“给……看”。
9．A.till B．unless
C．although D．once
C 解析：尽管她的大拇指历经岁月风霜，皱纹斑斑，但是它们看起来和我的完全一样。根据语境，此处应为although引导的让步状语从句，在although与weathered之间省略了“her thumbs were”。
10．A.raised B．inspected
C．examined D．held
D 解析：根据上文中的“she suddenly took my hands”和空处后面的“my hands again”可知，她又一次抓住我的手，故选held。raise“举起，抬起”；inspect“视察，检查”；examine“检查”。
11．A.proud B．skeptical
C．afraid D．sure
A 解析：根据下文中的“Take pride in them！”和“be proud of”可知，此处应选proud，be proud of“对……感到骄傲/自豪”。
12．A.appointment B．bargain
C．conversation D．deal
C 解析：根据上文可知，我与这位陌生人进行了30秒的交谈。conversation“交谈”符合语境。appointment“约会”；bargain“讨价还价”；deal“交易”。
13．A.supported B．changed
C．proved D．hurt
B 解析：这次交谈永远改变 (changed)了我对自己的身体的一部分 (大拇指)的看法，我曾经为这一部分 (大拇指)感到尴尬，现在我接受了。support“支持”；prove“证明”；hurt“伤害”。
14．A.amazed B．terrified
C．delighted D．embarrassed
D 解析：参见上题解析。be embarrassed at“对……感到尴尬”。amazed“惊讶的”；terrified“非常害怕的”；delighted“高兴的”。
15．A.scratching B．resting
C．knocking D．drawing
B 解析：那天晚上当我和我的儿子Samuel一起吃饭的时候，他低头看我的手，我的手靠在桌子上，紧挨着他的手。他说：“妈咪，我们的大拇指一样。”rest“支撑，倚靠”。
16．A.differ B．fit
C．fight D．match
D 解析：参见上题解析。且根据文章第二段中的“They match mine”可知，此处应选match“相配，相一致”。differ“有区别”；fit“适合”；fight“打斗，争吵”。
17．A.fists B．thumbs
C．toes D．hands
B 解析：根据上下文的内容可知，此处应选thumbs。
18．A.guarantee B．figure
C．pray D．insist
C 解析：根据语境，此处表示我祈祷 (pray)我的儿子不要像我一样藏起他的大拇指。guarantee“保证”；figure“认为，以为”；insist“坚持认为”。
19．A.scene B．lesson
C．history D．moment
C 解析：我希望他将会为他的大拇指的“独特之处”和其背后的历史 (history)感到骄傲。
20．A.unique B．elegant
C．authentic D．sensitive
A 解析：根据文章第一段第一句中的“unusual shape”和空前一句中的“unusualness”可知，他遗传了我身体中独特的部分，故选unique“独特的”。elegant“优雅的”；authentic“真实的”；sensitive“敏感的”。
PAGE
1
(共32张PPT)
Module 4 Which English？
instant
the
On arriving
Hardly/No sooner had he arrived
when/than
tell her from
tell by the expression
as long as
as good as
as well as
As far as
to complete
in
out
as
down
lying
led to
with
about
to give
under
debated heatedly about
had a heated debate about
is not as/so useful as you
as much time
as
four times as many women as
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》要点透析讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练◆
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
品句填词
1．What counts (很重要) is not your appearance but your ability.
2．You just dip the point of the pen in ink and press it here, then the pen is filled instantly (立刻)．
3．A series of debates (讨论) between the lecturers is scheduled for next weekend.
4．I came from the north and can’t understand the southern dialect (方言)．
5．This kind of flowers looks unique (独特的) because you can’t find it in other countries.
6．The author (作者) has illustrated the book with some excellent pictures.
7．My wallet has been missing for several days and I can’t find any trace (痕迹) of it.
8．The Eiffel Tower in Paris is an easily recognisable (可辨认的) landmark.
9．Does it matter (有关系) if an increasing number of people speak the same language?
10．My ancestors (祖先) settled in this place about 200 years ago.
单句改错
1．In England, it’s easy to tell a person’s class from his speech. from→by
2．It is difficult for him finish the task within two hours.在him后加to
3．You can take as much books as you like. much→many
4．He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation instant. instant→instantly
5．Nothing in the particular in this store appeals to me.去掉the
课文语法填空
English is spoken as 1.an official language in more than 60 countries and it can sound very 2.different (difference) from place to place. Pronunciation, as well as grammar and vocabulary, can change very quickly from one area to 3.another. In fact，there is not 4.really (real) a standard form that everyone can agree on. Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter—as long as speakers can understand each other—it’s communication 5.that counts. Australia is one of the youngest nations in the world. The first English speakers arrived there little more than 200 years ago. They found a people who 6.had been living (live) in Australia for more than 50，000 years—the Aborigines. Many of the Aboriginal words soon passed into the language. The main 7.differences (different) between Australian English and other varieties of English lie 8.in the individual sounds and intonation patterns. But in Singapore, English is a second language 9.spoken (speak) by about half the population. The most common variety of English, which has been influenced in particular by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien, 10.is known (know) as Singlish.
单句语法填空
1．(江苏卷)The whole team count on_Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.
2．The key to resolving the unemployment problem lies in creating more job opportunities.
3．—Do you have a minute？I’ve got something to tell you.
—OK, as long as you make it short.
4．The two sides debated with each other about/on/over who was the better for a whole day.
5．(重庆卷)All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
6．Was it when he was playing volleyball on the playground that he got hurt?
7．The girl ran to tell her teachers that she had been accepted by a key university instantly (instant) she got the notice.
8．My bicycle and my brother’s bicycle look so similar that it’s hard for me to tell (tell) them apart.
9．—Johnny, what time did you get home from your trip to Africa?
—Hi, Dad. We got home late last night, or rather, early this morning.
10．(2019·江西上饶中学高二月考)She is an American, but she likes learning Chinese. She says Chinese is as popular (popularity) a language as English.
阅读理解
A
English is an important global language, but that doesn’t mean it’s easy to learn. Many experts have tried to make English easier for students to learn—but they weren’t always successful.
In 1930，Professor
C．K.Ogden of Cambridge University invented Basic English. It had only 850 words (and just eighteen verbs) and Ogden said most people could learn it in just thirty hours. The problem was that people who learned Basic English could write and say simple messages, but they couldn’t understand the answers in “real” English. It was also impossible to explain a word if it wasn’t in the Basic English word list.For example，if you wanted a watermelon, you asked for “a large green fruit with the form of an egg, which has a sweet red inside and a good taste”．
R．E. Zachrisson, a university professor in Sweden, decided that the biggest problem for learners of English was spelling, so he invented a language called Anglic. Anglic was similar to English, but with much simpler spelling. “Father” became “faadher”， “new” became “nue” and“years” became “yeerz”. Unfortunately for some students of English, Anglic never became popular.
Even easier is the language which a ship’s captain uses: it’s called “seaspeak”. Seaspeak uses a few simple phrases for every possible situation. In seaspeak, for example you don’t say，“I’m sorry. What did you say？” or “I didn’t understand. Can you repeat that？”It’s just“Say again.” No more grammar.
In the age of international communication through the Internet, a new form of English might appear. A large number of the world’s emails are in English and include examples of“NetLingo”like OIC (Oh, I see) and TTYL (Talk to you later). In another fifty years, English might not exist and we will probably all speak fluent“Internetish”．
【解题导语】 英语是全球性的语言。为了让更多的学生掌握英语，许多专家试图让英语变得更容易学习——但并不是很成功。
1．It will take a person about________ weeks to learn Basic English if he spends two hours learning it every day.
A．six B．four
C．three D．two
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“...Ogden said most people could learn it in just thirty hours.”可知，每天学习两个小时的话，大约要用两周的时间。
2．According to Professor Zachrisson, what was the biggest problem for learners of English?
A．Grammar. B．Vocabulary.
C．Spelling. D．Speaking.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“R.E.Zachrisson，a university professor in Sweden，decided that the biggest problem for learners of English was spelling...”可知选C项。
3．Which of the following is likely to be Anglic?
A．A graet batl.
B．IOU.
C．Long time no see.
D．Two five, no lights.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Anglic was similar to English，but with much simpler spelling.‘Father’ became ‘faadher’，‘new’became‘nue’and‘years’ became ‘yeerz’．”可知选A项。
4．What might happen to English in another fifty years?
A．It might become a global language.
B．It might be replaced by “Internetish”．
C．It might take the place of all other languages.
D．It might become more and more difficult.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中“In another fifty years，English might not exist and we will probably all speak fluent‘Internetish’．”可知选B项。
B
Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man, a woman or a boy, a new study says. That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya. Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown. It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t. The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people, said study author Karen McComb.
“Basically, they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，”said McComb, a professor at the University of Sussex in England.“Memory is key. They must build up that knowledge somehow.”
The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
It’s close to but not quite like the Dr. Seuss book, where the elephant Horton hears something that others can’t hear.
McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya, where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans, sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water. The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men, who on occasion kill elephants, and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.
As a result, the elephants reacted more defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co?author Graeme Shannon.
They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women. Since women almost never spear elephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the women’s voices. The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，”said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the study.
【解题导语】 研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。
5．Who were the people taking part in the study?
A．Frans de Waal and Karen McComb.
B．Dr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.
C．Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.
D．Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的“study co?author Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb和Graeme Shannon都参加了研究，故选D项。
6．What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?
A．Identifying and avoiding possible danger.
B．Growing much faster than any other animals.
C．Having a better understanding of humans.
D．Developing their language skills.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown. It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t.”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对他们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。
7．Which can replace the underlined word “substituted” in the last paragraph?
A．distinguished B．repeated
C．used D．compared
C 解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively to the women’s voices”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选C项。
8．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Wild elephants can distinguish human languages.
B．The conflict between humans and wild elephants is growing.
C．Wild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.
D．Wild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句中的“Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项 (野象能够区分人类的语言)。
七选五
How to Make Good Conversation
“Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree with this point. Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life. 1.________ What’s more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us.In my view, you should pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation.
To start good conversation we’d better prepare some questions. 2.________ We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others. Like, do you have a good sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw a question to others.
3．________ We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes.Allow the others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully. 4.________ In this way you will get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and it will help you to make friends with others.
We always said eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. 5.________ It will help us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding.Do not hesitate to look into them.But don’t stare at them and don’t look at them for too long a time.It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking.
A．Good questions make people feel comfortable.
B．Without conversation, life would be as cold as a rock.
C．The most important part of conversation is to listen.
D．Enjoy good conversation and be friends with them.
E．Do not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly.
F．They have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us.
G．During conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与人交谈应注意的三个方面。
1．B 解析：根据空前的“Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life.”可知，交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要性，故B项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石”符合语境。
2．A 解析：根据本段的主题句“To start good conversation we’d better prepare some questions.”可知，我们在开始交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others.”可知，空处应是在说明问问题的益处，故A项“好的问题会让人感到舒服”符合语境。
3．C 解析：根据下文中的“pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes”“Allow the others to do most of the talking.”“show you are listening carefully”和“a good listener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故C项“交谈中最重要的部分是倾听”符合语境。
4．E 解析：根据上文中的“Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully.”可知，空处应是对上文中“listening carefully”的进一步说明，故E项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们”符合语境。
5．G 解析：根据本段的内容可知，本段主要说明的是交谈中眼神交流的重要性，G项中的“look the speakers in the eye”与上文中的“eye contact”及下文中的“look into them”相呼应，故G项符合语境。
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Module 4 Which English？
acquire
splendid
convey
concept
thus
select
overcome
complain
investigate
convinced
association
tendency
significance
reject
oppose
resist
approval
curiosity
电报
新闻媒体，传媒
革命
特点，特色；情调
(常复)电信
此外，而且
简单的，易懂的
歧义的；含糊的
进退两难的境地；困难的抉择
清楚明白的；易于理解的
有关的；切题的
荒谬的，荒唐的
弄明白；澄清
杂乱无章的
不明确的；含糊的
笨拙的
收回；撤销(说过的话)
潜在的；可能的
辱骂；恶语
得罪；使伤感情
政治家
对……不忠
偏见；歧视
抵触；冲突
寓意；教育意义
更好的；更强的
地位
将……分类
着迷，迷恋；吸引力
语气；音调
起初
投考者，应考人
get held up
use...as...
a huge number of
get down to sth.
let sb. down
be meant for...
It is estimated that
difficult to understand
Not all idioms
about
complaints
of/about
convincing
to change
convinced
of
Convinced that you like paper?cutting
to
through
over
get across
help us get through
out
alone
let him down
building
opposite
Opposed
opposed it/were opposed to it
taking
resistance
to buy
to sit
too difficult/complicated for us to solve
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Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
品句填词
1．(江西卷)I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to convince (使……相信) me.
2．This new discovery of oil is of great significance (意义) to this area’s economy.
3．Don’t lose heart, and you can overcome (克服) all the difficulties ahead.
4．The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not relevant (相关的) to the topic.
5．She added that the concept (概念) of arranged marriages is misunderstood in the west.
6．If you want to make a complaint (埋怨), you should see the manager.
7．As we know, language is one of the significant means for mankind to convey (传达) thoughts and feelings.
8．Our manager attaches great importance to the potential (潜在的) customers.
9．You shouldn’t take books out of the library without the approval (赞成) of the librarian.
10．Gradually they acquired (获得) experience in how to guide the work.
单句改错
1．I didn’t want to drive all the way to New York by myself, so I convinced Anna, my best friend of ten years, ride with me. 在ride前加to
2．I have consulted the huge number of law books on the subject in the British Museums.
第一个the→a
3．To conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here. To→In
4．This problem is hard to deal, so we have to ask our teacher for advice. 在deal后加with
5．The government rejected to the diplomatic note from that country for its unclear attitude to the trade between them. 去掉rejected后的to
课文语篇改错
That seems that everyone wants to learn Chinese. The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing fast, both in English?speaking countries and other countries like France. There the number of students studying Chinese has been increased by 15% each year in recent years.
There are a number of reasons of the interest. With China develop economically, opportunities for doing business increase dramatically—and if you know you partner’s language, your chances of success increase. Beside, there is a renewed interest to the culture and traditions of China. The fact that Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5，000 years is a source of curiosity and fascination for people in another parts of the world.
However, learn Chinese is still a challenge for many foreigners.
答案：
seems that everyone wants to learn Chinese. The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing fast, both in English?speaking countries and other countries like France. There the number of students studying Chinese has increased by 15% each year in recent years.
There are a number of reasons the interest. With China economically, opportunities for doing business increase dramatically—and if you know partner’s language, your chances of success increase. ， there is a renewed interest the culture and traditions of China. The fact that Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5，000 years is a source of curiosity and fascination for people in parts of the world.
However, Chinese is still a challenge for many foreigners.
单句语法填空
1．We finally managed to make the customers convinced (convince) of the quality of the vehicle.
2．(2019·绍兴一中高二期中)He complained to me of/about the bad weather he had while travelling in London.
3．My father was violently opposed to my going (go) abroad because of lack of money.
4．As she delivered her speech, the crowd expressed their approval (approve) in a low voice.
5．Since the plan has been made, let’s get down to carrying (carry) it out.
6．(2019·重庆巴蜀中学高二期末)It is estimated (estimate) that China will be the largest car consuming market in the world.
7．While shopping, can you resist being persuaded (persuade) to buy anything that you don’t really need?
8．I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe (breath)．
9．She was over the age limit and as a result, her application for the job was rejected (reject)．
10．I didn’t live up to my parents’ expectations. In other words, I let them down．
阅读理解
I started to learn English from the first grade.That year I was six.In class I learned basic phrases for greeting and describing objects.I don’t have much memory for the first year of English learning.The only thing that I still remember is reading vocabulary list.A classmate of mine who was good at English would lead the whole class to read the list.One of the new words that I learned that year was “earth”．“The earth orbits the sun，” he said in Chinese.Every time we came to the word “earth”， he would repeat that sentence.I was secretly admiring him because he knew the earth orbits the sun.
My family moved when I was in my second grade, and I transferred (转学) to a private school.My English class continued.Luckily I could use the same series of text books.
I stayed in the same private school for my junior high school, which is from the 7th to the 9th grade.In junior high school, I hardly felt my English skill improved because the first English class here was still titled “Good Morning” and the content was still basic greetings.
Following was one year of high school life: a different school, the same story．
Then my family moved again, and I began to really use English.We came to America.I attended a couple years of high school, and now I’m in college.I learn to write essays and start to read books in English.I can see my progress.However, I still have a lot of space to improve.In writing, the flow between sentences isn’t good and I’m still using basic words.In speaking, maybe because I hang out with Chinese speaking friends too much, it takes me time to think when telling long stories.
【解题导语】 作者讲述了她学习英语的经历。
1．In Grade One, the author admired that classmate because he ________．
A．could speak two languages
B．had a very wide vocabulary
C．often led the whole class to read
D．knew about the earth and the sun
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“I was secretly admiring him because he knew the earth orbits the sun.”可知，答案应选D项。
2．How did the author most probably feel during the first English class in junior high school?
A．Moved. B．Interested.
C．Disappointed. D．Relaxed.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“In junior high school...still basic greetings.”可推断，作者当时很失望。
3．What do we learn about the author now?
A．She is looked down upon by others.
B．She still isn’t very fluent in English.
C．She has no chance to speak Chinese now.
D．She likes practising English through telling long stories.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的However后面的内容可推断，作者现在英语还不是很流利。
4．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means in senior high school the author ________．
A．didn’t live a very difficult life
B．liked her new school very much
C．learned English in a different way
D．had to learn simple English all over again
D 解析：句意理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，作者进入初中后英语又得从头学习，而画线句子的意思是：进入高中后还是这样，故选D项。
完形填空
(2019·绵阳高二期末)I had been staring at the white walls of the video game store for about two hours since lunch. It was a very 1 day. I glanced at the table in front of the store, and my heart 2 . It was the donation table for the victims of Super Typhoon Yolanda and even though I had donated what I could, I 3 felt sad whenever I saw the people on the TV suffering.
I was broken out of my thoughts when the doors got open. Customers, 4 ！
It was a small girl with her mother. I 5 her mom. I got to know her when she was selling clothes she 6 herself at the market.
The daughter just had a 7 and her mom finally had 8 money to buy a PS3 and some games.
The girl skipped to my counter. She 9 her backpack and pulled out a console (操纵台盘). Her mom handed me the games.
“Can I 10 this？”
“Sure, sweetie.”
I 11 the console and the games, and nothing was opened. According to our 12 ， I returned the 13 to the girl. And she ran off as 14 as her little feet could take her. The mom explained，“She wants to sell her birthday 15 ， so she can donate to the 16 ．”
She was 17 to give up her favorite games and gave to those 18 . That’s real generosity out there.
19 I was watching her talking to the girl at the donation table, I was reminded that even though there are a lot of 20 people in the world, there are still those people just like that little girl.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一个小姑娘退掉自己的生日礼物来给受灾者捐款的感人故事。
1．A.good B．cold
C．warm D．slow
D 解析：根据上文的“I had been staring at the white walls of the video game store for about two hours since lunch.”可知，作者从午饭后一直盯着商店的墙看了大约两个小时，所以作者觉得时间过得很缓慢，故选D。
2．A.beat B．ached
C．ran D．shook
B 解析：根据下文的“I ______felt sad whenever I saw the people on the TV suffering”可知，作者的心很痛 (ached)。
3．A.almost B．also
C．still D．never
C 解析：根据上文的“even though I had donated what I could”可知，尽管作者已经竭尽全力捐款了，但还是感到难过。still“仍然，还”。
4．A.firstly B．eventually
C．quickly D．excitedly
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者被突然打开的门打断了思路，终于有客人来了。eventually“最终，终于”。
5．A.served B．found
C．recognized D．told
C 解析：根据下文的“I got to know her when she was selling clothes she ______herself at the market.”可知，作者认出了来访的顾客，知道这位母亲在市场里卖自己做的衣服。
6．A.wore B．made
C．washed D．bought
B 解析：参见上题解析。
7．A.date B．job
C．birthday D．disease
C 解析：根据第八段中的“The mom explained, ‘She wants to sell her birthday______， so she can donate to the______．’”可知，小姑娘刚过了生日。
8．A.enough B．little
C．easy D．big
A 解析：根据第三段的“I got to know her when she was selling clothes she______herself at the market.”可知，在市场卖自己做的衣服的母亲终于攒够了钱来给女儿买生日礼物。
9．A.carried B．opened
C．sold D．left
B 解析：根据空后的“and pulled out a console (操纵台盘)”可知，小姑娘把背包打开，然后拿出了操纵台盘。
10．A.sell B．change
C．return D．donate
C 解析：根据第八段中的“The mom explained, ‘She wants to sell her birthday______， so she can donate to the______．’”可知，小姑娘想把之前买的东西给退了，这样她就可以捐款了。
11．A.opened B．checked
C．held D．looked
B 解析：根据空后的“and nothing was opened”可知，作者对小姑娘所退还的操纵台盘进行了检查，发现没有被打开过。
12．A.plan B．decision
C．discussion D．regulation
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者照章办事，把钱退给了小姑娘。regulation“规则，条例”。
13．A.money B．backpack
C．games D．receipt
A 解析：参见上题解析。
14．A.soon B．fast
C．long D．far
B 解析：根据空后的“as her little feet could take her”可知，小姑娘拿到退款后，尽可能快地跑开了，故选B。
15．A.card B．cake
C．surprise D．gift
D 解析：根据语境可知，小姑娘要卖掉自己的生日礼物，这样她就可以向 (台风)受灾者捐款。
16．A.victims B．workers
C．charities D．typhoons
A 解析：参见上题解析。
17．A.grateful B．willing
C．unhappy D．afraid
B 解析：根据语境可知，小姑娘非常乐意把自己的生日礼物退了换成钱，捐给那些不幸的人。
18．A.ordinary B．unfortunate
C．disabled D．injured
B 解析：参见上题解析。
19．A.Since B．Until
C．While D．Although
C 解析：根据下文的“I was watching her talking to the girl at the donation table...in the world”可知，“watching her talking”与“was reminded”两个动作同时发生，故用while引导时间状语从句，故选C。while当……的时候 (表示两事同时发生)。
20．A.selfish B．lucky
C．special D．kind
A 解析：根据下文的“there are still those people just like that little girl”及上文的“even though”可知，前后表示转折，小姑娘代表无私的人，故此处应为自私的 (selfish)人。
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Module 4 Which English？
When
instantly
though
whether
as
Although
as
holding
状语
状语从句
actually
If
because/as
especially
though
before
where
happily
Immediate→ Immediately
where→when
去掉much
If→Although/Though
hungrily→hungry
such a good teacher that/so good a teacher that
if/on condition that/as long as you
study hard
even though/if she had caught a
as if/though nothing had happened
ever since we met at school
bad cold
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》语法精讲专项突破
语法透析·专项训练◆
(共25张PPT)
Module 4 Which English？
debate
in favor of
fascinating
element
dull
diversity
about whether it would be
much easier
world a more boring and duller place to live in
make the
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》写作指导妙笔生花
技法指导·佳作赏新◆
Section Ⅴ Writing
单句语法填空
1．(2016·浙江卷6月)While/Although/Though online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
2．(2016·天津卷)I went to a workshop and gradually (gradual) got good at making things with clay (黏土)．
3．As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.
4．(2019·安徽蚌埠高二期末)People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you whether you are a foreigner or just a local.
5．Although he is known to only a few, his reputation among them is very great.
6．There are several reasons for sleep.We sleep because we need to dream.
7．(2019·山东滨州高二期中) —How long do you think it is since_ he arrived here?
—No more than half a year, I believe.
8．Make a mark where you have doubts or questions.
9．You shouldn’t have been late for such an important meeting whatever the reason was.
10．Mr. White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.
阅读理解
Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying，“Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) to the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.
I don’t only avoid those “if only”moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you” . When my father announced he was going to see the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t miss an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be occasions when I have to say“if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well?being.
【解题导语】 “我”认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”，因为它们表达了遗憾。父亲在“我”小时候经常告诉我们花费额外的时间也要把事情做好来避免遗憾，“我”听从父亲的建议并认为这样做是对的。
1．Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?
A．Because people use them when they feel sad.
B．Because they express regrets and disappointment in life.
C．Because they remind the writer of some sad experiences.
D．Because they mean sadness in the English language.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Two of the saddest words in the English language are ‘if only’... because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.”可知，“我”认为英语中最令人伤心的两个词是“if only”，因为这两个词表达了后悔、错失的机会、错误和失望，故选B项。
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “forgone” in Paragraph 3?
A．Given up. B．Come across.
C．Got through. D．Held back.
A 解析：词义猜测题。该词所在的句子表达的意思是：我们都认识这样的人，他们在失去所爱之人后会后悔错失了说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”的机会。所以画线词表示“失去了”，和短语give up意思接近。故选A项。
3．The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ________．
A．see a doctor
B．finish her work
C．join a celebration
D．accompany her father
D 解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键信息“decided to go to her office”对应原文中的“I had decided to go to work”，由此定位到倒数第二段。从倒数第二段可以看出，“我”知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时，本来打算按原计划休假，但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了，所以“我”决定即便是自己的休息日，为了陪父亲，也会去上班。故选D项。
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Advice from My Father
B．Avoidance of Saying “If Only”
C．The “Extra Minute” Rule
D．The Importance of Emotional Well?being
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意可知，本文主要是针对避免说英语中最伤心的两个词“if only”进行阐述的，所以B项“避免说‘if only’”符合全文内容。
语法填空
I have never liked my English name. My parents didn’t know that Cindy was short for Cynthia, or that Cindy Brady was the Cindy of the moment. They 1.____________ (choose) it because it sounds like my Chinese name, Shin?tzer.
My name isn’t full of flowers like most Chinese girls’ names. My grandfather wanted me to have 2.____________ (strong) of character, not mere physical beauty.“Cindy” seems colorless by comparison. It’s just a couple of syllables that sound good together.
I grew up 3.____________ (speak) English and eating with a fork. Yet the customs about names are extremely 4.____________ (tradition), down to our use of an ancient naming poem.
Most Chinese names are 5.____________of a kind, a coupling of two words out of thousands of possibilities expressing the family’s hopes for the child. It was March when my brother and his wife 6.____________ (expect) their second boy. The emails began to fly as we conferred about the baby’s Chinese name. My brother’s wife is Korean, so the name had to sound good 7.____________ Korean, too. One thing was certain—his name would contain the word“shi”， or “world”，8.____________ can also mean “generation”. We are on the9.____________ (six) word of a couplet that my family has used to name its 10.____________ (son) for generations.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述自己名字的由来及成长经历，介绍了中国人起名的特点及寓意。
1．chose 解析：考查时态。父母为作者起名字发生在过去，所以此处用一般过去时。
2．strength 解析：考查名词。作者的祖父想让作者意志力坚强。have在此处为实义动词，意为“有”，后跟名词作宾语。
3．speaking 解析：考查非谓语动词。作者是讲英语和用叉子吃饭长大的。此处的主语I与动词speak之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填speaking。“and eating”也为提示。
4．traditional 解析：考查形容词。然而关于名字的风俗是非常传统的。此处应用形容词作表语。
5．ones 解析：考查代词。根据下文中的“a coupling of two words out of thousands of possibilities expressing the family’s hopes for the child”的提示可知，此处为泛指，且与下文中的“two words”相呼应，所以此处用代词 one的复数形式表示泛指。
6．were expecting 解析：考查时态。那是在三月份的时候，作者的哥哥和他的妻子一直期待着他们第二个儿子的出生。此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用过去时态，且表示过去某一阶段持续的动作，故用过去进行时。
7．in 解析：考查介词。表示用某种语言用介词in。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“the word‘shi’，or ‘world’”。
9．sixth 解析：考查序数词。此处表示第六个字。故应用序数词，表示“第六个”。
10．sons 解析：考查名词的单复数。此处指给祖祖辈辈的子孙起名。根据语境可知，此处应用复数。
短文改错
Three weeks ago I bought the electronic dictionary at a shop.But I hadn’t used it for several day when I found it didn’t work.So I went to the shop, but only to be told that the problem could not be solved unless it was sent back the factory where it was made.Then I did like I was told without any delay.Unfortunately, the factory promised to repair the dictionary and sent it back in a week.Two weeks has past, but I haven’t yet received one.I have no idea why things are like this.I’m looking forward to receive my dictionary as soon as possible.
答案：
Three weeks ago I bought electronic dictionary at a shop.But I hadn’t used it for several when I found it didn’t work.So I went to the shop, only to be told that the problem could not be solved unless it was sent back the factory where it was made.Then I did I was told without any delay.， the factory promised to repair the dictionary and it back in a week.Two weeks has ， but I haven’t yet received .I have no idea why things are like this.I’m looking forward to my dictionary as soon as possible.
书面表达
假如你是李华，最近你发现在英语写作方面有着许多困难。就此请你给你的美国朋友Andy写封邮件，主要内容如下：
1. 描述该情况；
2. 征求他的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Andy，
How are you getting on? _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Andy，
How are you getting on? Recently, I have been making little progress in English writing. I’m writing to ask you for some suggestions about how to improve it. The first problem I found is that it’s difficult to use the right grammar in my composition. Using proper words and phrases to express my views is another problem.
The problems bother me so much that I can’t wait to take action to make changes. As an American, you must be good at writing in English, so I hope you can give me some advice. I will appreciate it if you can help me get rid of the problem.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
1
单元过关检测 (四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which city are the speakers talking about?
A．Cardiff.
B．Edinburgh.
C．Manchester.
2．What does the man suggest to the woman?
A．Buying a new car.
B．Saving her money.
C．Getting a second?hand car.
3．Where is the man going?
A．To New York.
B．To London.
C．To Goldberg.
4．What is the woman?
A．An editor.
B．A writer.
C．A reporter.
5．What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Hostess and guest.
B．Salesgirl and customer.
C．Waitress and guest.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man ask Larry to take to the party?
A．Some oranges.
B．Some drinks.
C．Something delicious.
7．What is the woman doing while answering the call?
A．Drinking a bottle of orange.
B．Taking part in a party.
C．Writing the message down.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．Seeing faces.
B．Taking pictures.
C．Buying cameras.
9．What kind of pictures does the man dislike?
A．Prepared for cameras.
B．Taken in daily life.
C．Taken by others.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman suggest the man should do?
A．Get a higher degree.
B．Look for a better job.
C．Find a place in a university.
11．What does the woman think is unsuitable for the man?
A．Gardening.
B．Teaching.
C．Doctoring.
12．What does the woman think of being a doctor?
A．It is boring.
B．It pays well.
C．It is highly demanding.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．When will the woman leave for her holiday?
A．Next Thursday.
B．Next Friday.
C．Next Saturday.
14．How long will the woman stay in Europe?
A．About three weeks.
B．About one month.
C．About three months.
15．How does the man know Jim Thomas?
A．He once studied in the same college with him.
B．He used to go on a summer trip with him.
C．He once worked with him.
16．What will the woman probably do with her flat when she is away?
A．Rent it to the man.
B．Rent it to Jim Thomas.
C．Leave it to one of her friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why do some people like to live in big cities?
A．Because they can go to many interesting places.
B．Because they can think about some problems.
C．Because they can keep the cities safe and clean.
18．Which one is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Cities are big enough to live in.
B．Big cities are not clean and safe enough.
C．It’s easy to find work in big cities.
19．What must people do before they move to the big cities?
A．They must have enough money.
B．They must have many friends.
C．They must think of the problems of living there.
20．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Big Cities
B．Interesting Things
C．Busy People
答案：1－5.CABCA 6－10.BCBAB 11－15.ACBCA 16－20.BABCA
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Manchester is one of the most important cities in Britain, isn’t it？①
M：Yes, it is, although it is different from cities like London, Edinburgh and Cardiff in terms of its size and population.
(Text 2)
W：I can’t decide whether to buy a new car or try to find a second?hand one.
M：If you buy a new one, you’ll probably save money in the long run.②
(Text 3)
W：New City Railway Station.
M：Good evening.Could you tell me the time of the last train to London, please? ③
W：Last train to London? Yes, sir.8：35, change at Goldberg.
M：Thank you very much.
(Text 4)
W：Professor Bates, good evening.My name’s Susan Grely.I’m with the local newspaper.④
M：Pleased to meet you.
W：Do you mind if I ask you one or two questions?
M：Not at all...Fire away!
(Text 5)
W &M：Cheers!
M：The beer tastes so good.
W：I’m glad you like it.Would you like something to eat？⑤
M：Mm! Yes, please.
(Text 6)
M：Hello.May I please speak to Larry?
W：I’m afraid Larry isn’t here right now.Can I take a message?
M：Yes.This is his friend Bob calling.Would you please ask Larry to bring a few bottles of orange to the party tonight？⑥
W：OK.Just a minute.I’m writing this down.⑦“Bob called.You should bring a few bottles of orange to the party tonight.” Is that it?
M：Yes, I guess so.You might ask him to call me back if he is free.
W：All right.I’ll give him the message.
M：Thanks a lot.
(Text 7)
W：I like that picture you put up on the wall yesterday.
M：Oh, thank you.It’s a photograph that I took on my vacation last year.
W：You took it yourself? I didn’t know you were a photographer.⑧
M：Oh, yes, I’ve been taking pictures for years.
W：That sounds interesting.Do you have any more of your pictures here? And may I see them?
M：Yes, certainly.Some of them are faces, just faces of people who I see when I’m walking around.
W：Do you let them know that you’re taking pictures of them?
M：I try not to.I don’t like pictures of people who sit or stand for the camera.⑨I like people who are going about their business without knowing the camera is there.
W：I suppose you need a lot of equipment.How many cameras do you have?
M：Well, I have a dozen of them, but I use two of them more than the others.
(Text 8)
W：Paul, why don’t you get a better job for a change？⑩
M：But I like my present job.
W：Look, gardening is not a job for a university graduate.?
M：But the money is not bad and there is plenty of fresh air.
W：Well, if I were you, I’d go on some kind of course?teaching, say, maths.
M：Maths? Anything but that.It’s so boring.
W：Come on.You really must think of the future.
M：I’ll tell you what.I’d like to be a doctor.
W：Well, you should think very seriously about that.It means a lot of study, and then working all sorts of hours.?
M：Yes.But the idea attracts me.
W：Well, then you ought to get more information about it as soon as possible.
(Text 9)
M：Hi, Sue.I’ve heard that you are going to Europe for a holiday this summer.
W：Yes, I’m just making preparations for the trip these days.
M：You must be very excited about your trip.When are you leaving?
W：Next Friday，? and I am excited.But there are still a few things I need to do before I go.
M：Like what?
W：Picking up my passport, going to the travel agency to buy my plane ticket and finding out what I should do with my flat while I’m gone.
M：The flat is really a problem.It’s hard to find another one around.What do you plan to do?
W：I’m looking for someone who will rent my house while I’m away.?
M：Mm.Let me think.I know just the person.A former college classmate of mine, Jim Thomas is coming to do some research this summer, from June to August.
W：That’s exactly when I’ll be away.??? That sounds great.
M：I’ll call Jim this weekend anyway, so I’ll mention it to him then.
W：Thanks a lot.Please let me know what happens.
(Text 10)
New York, London, Paris and other big cities are interesting places to live in.There are always many nice things to see and to do.?? You can go to different kinds of museums, parks or cinemas.You can also buy things from all over the world.
But there are some serious problems in big cities, too.It is expensive to live there and there are also too many people.Every year many people move to the cities to find work, to study at good schools.But sometimes these people cannot find work or good places to live in.So it is hard to keep the cities safe and clean.?
Some people enjoy living in big cities, others do not.So before moving to a big city, you must think about the problems of living there.?
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you’re on the hunt for something new and interesting to read, you have plenty of places to go. This week, we’re looking at four of the best book recommendation sites, based on your nominations (提名)．
Goodreads
Goodreads is more than just a book recommendation site, although it excels at helping you find new books to read based on the ones you enjoy. You can build a virtual“shelf” of books you own or have already read, share your progress with the books you’re currently reading, rate the books you’ve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers.
BookBub
While BookBub isn’t strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you super?low cost books based on your interests every day. The service is free, and when you sign up, you tell BookBub what kinds of books you like to read. From there, you’ll get an email from BookBub every day with book deals for that day. When we say “deal”， we mean it—many of BookBub’s titles are free entirely, $ 0.99, or just a couple of bucks.
LibraryThing
LibraryThing has been around for a long time and is still a great user—powered book rating, review, and recommendation site. The service calls itself the world’s largest book club, and that’s a lot like the overall feel. Once you sign up, you’ll be encouraged to start adding books you’ve read and leave reviews for them. Behind its book ratings and reviews though, LibraryThing is a powerful tool to catalog and organize your entire book collection.
Olmenta
If you’re not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle (麻烦), Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site. It’s a simple list of book covers that the service thinks you should read, and a few genres you can click on if you’re looking for something specific, like business, fiction, theatre, poetry, or nonfiction, among others.
【解题导语】 该文介绍了四个最佳书籍推荐网站。
21．Which of the following two book recommendation sites ask you to rate and leave reviews?
A．Goodreads and BookBub.
B．BookBub and LibraryThing.
C．LibraryThing and Olmenta.
D．Goodreads and LibraryThing.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Goodreads部分的最后一句中的“rate the books you’ve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers”和LibraryThing部分的最后一句中的“Behind its book ratings and reviews though”可知，Goodreads和LibraryThing都要求读者评价并留下书评，故选D。
22．Which book recommendation site can help you get super?low cost books?
A．Goodreads. B．BookBub.
C．LibraryThing. D．Olmenta.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据BookBub部分的第一句“While BookBub isn’t strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you super?low cost books based on your interests every day.”可知，BookBub这个网站可以帮助你得到超低价钱的书，故选B。
23．If you turn to Olmenta, you ________．
A．need to pay more
B．need to add your own books
C．don’t need to sign up
D．don’t need to look for something specific
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“If you’re not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle (麻烦)，Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site.”可推知，在Olmenta网站，你可省去注册的麻烦，故选C。
B
On a hot evening in September, the Highland High School team was pronouncing to win its first game of the season.“I was really excited，”said Highlanders linebacker Ryan Ferrini.“This was the game when it finally came together.”With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up 29∶28, all the High?landers had to do was go one yard for a touchdown to seize a dramatic come?from?behind victory.
On the previous play, after the Highlanders had driven the ball deep into the Tompkins’ territory (防守区), quarterback Will Gentry had connected with receiver Austin Brauweiler at the three?yard line. As Brauweiler turned upfield, a Tompkins’ defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one?yard line.
“There was a huge force, as if a truck had hit me，” said Brauweiler, who suffered from the collision (撞击). But it was the Tompkins’ player who got the worst of it. He lay still on the ground and a doctor had been called. That’s when the Tompkins’ coach walked across the field and told Highlanders’ coach Colschen that his players were too upset to finish the game and they would lose the game.
“In life, the well?being of others is what’s important, not the scoreboard，” said Colschen. He gathered his Highlanders and told them it was time to support their grieving (悲伤的) competitors. They agreed.
After the injured player was airlifted to a hospital, the two teams took the field again. The Highland team’s teammates took a knee and didn’t start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero. Game over.
“What my players did was amazing，” said Colschen.“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在一场比赛中发生了双方队员相撞事件后，其中一方的队员为了尊重对方队员，将最后的比赛时间耗尽的故事。
24．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．The match was coming to an end.
B．The match would end the football season.
C．The Highlanders is a difficult team to beat.
D．The Tompkins was confident of victory in the final.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up 29∶28”可知，比赛快要结束了。故选A。
25．Who was most injured in the collision?
A．A Highlanders’ player.
B．A Tompkins’ defender.
C．Austin Brauweiler.
D．Will Gentry.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“a Tompkins’ defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one?yard line”以及第三段中的“it was the Tompkins’ player who got the worst of it”可知，是Tompkins的防守队员受伤最为严重。故选B。
26．Why did the Highlanders take no action until the end of the game?
A．Because they had already won it.
B．Because one of their players got injured.
C．Because they were given an unfair judgment.
D．Because they cared and respected their competitors.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段、第五段的内容以及最后一段中的“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”可知，在相撞事件发生后，Highlanders的队员们认为在比赛中身体健康才是最为重要的，所以Highlanders的队员们在比赛结束前任凭时间一分一秒地过去而不采取任何行动，这也是为了安慰因队友受伤而伤心的对方队员们，表示对对手的尊重。故选D。
27．What message is conveyed in the passage?
A．More haste, less speed.
B．All men cannot be first.
C．Better to be safe than sorry.
D．Friendship first, competition second.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Highland team’s teammates took a knee and didn’t start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero.”和最后一段中的“they were thinking not about themselves but about others”可以看出，在双方的竞争中，Highland高中的队员们没有一味地为了追求成功而不顾对方的感受，相反，他们把对对手的尊重置于个人的荣誉之上，这传达出的正是“友谊第一，比赛第二”的精神。故选D。A项意为“欲速则不达”；B项意为“不可能人人得第一名”；C项意为“安全总比遗憾好”。
C
Hunger has been troubling the world. In 2016, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It’s difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat.
The UN figures that almost two thirds of the world’s hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world’s most populous continent. More than a quarter are in sub?Saharan Africa. Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean.
There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods, and the overuse of farmland. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. In fact, many people are starving just because they’re poor. Therefore, the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty. If we can’t pull out this root, we’ll never be able to solve food shortage.
Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population.
There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. In those places, being overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger. The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not to overeat.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界饥饿的现状以及导致饥饿的原因。
28．Which continent has the highest rate of hungry people?
A．Asia. B．Africa.
C．America. D．Europe.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“More than...Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people.”的描述可知，非洲大陆有着最高的饥饿率。
29．The underlined word in the 3rd paragraph most probably means ________．
A．the fact of having many droughts
B．the reason for suffering many floods
C．the state of being poor
D．bad luck brought by wars
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“Therefore, the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty.”的描述可知，画线词指贫穷的状态。
30．According to the last paragraph, ________ results in the poverty.
A．not enough production
B．slow growth of food
C．consuming too much food
D．imbalance of food distribution
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world.”的描述可推知，是食物分配不平衡导致贫困的。
31．Maybe the author would write about ________ if there were a sixth paragraph.
A．how to make food distribution balanced
B．when to get rid of world hunger thoroughly
C．who is to blame for the world hunger
D．what to do to help the hungry people
A 解析：文章结构题。根据最后一段中的“In those places, being overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger. The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world.”的描述可知，也许作者接下来会写如何使食物分配平衡。
D
The hit movie NottingHill (《诺丁山》) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says，“I’m so sorry. I’m so sorry.”
His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts were from Britain, then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well—even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesn’t happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the U．S.
A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street—regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, Britons use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say“Sorry？” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying，“No, I am sorry！” This can go on for up to five minutes as they compete for who is the most sorry.
Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrrell, a psychology writer in the U．K., thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system.“We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for not really being the upper class.”Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say“Sorry！”
True manners are about being considerate, and today’s constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry” has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国人的道歉文化及其原因：一是因为历史上英国的新中产阶级；二是为了避免冲突。
32．Why does the author mention a scene in the movie NottingHill at the beginning?
A．To give an example of British modesty.
B．To introduce different ways of saying sorry.
C．To show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the U．K.
D．To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，文章开头用电影举例，描述了英国人道歉的场景，引出文章的主题——英国的道歉文化。
33．Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrrell agree with?
A．People should not apologize if they are not responsible.
B．Americans care less about manners than British people do.
C．That British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.
D．British people care too much about which social class they are from.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Mark Tyrrell...thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system.”可知，Mark Tyrrell认为英国人的道歉根源是其阶级制度。由此可推断，C项正确。
34．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．It’s unnecessary for British people to be so polite.
B．The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.
C．People should not stick to the traditional use of the word “sorry”．
D．Using “sorry” more doesn’t necessarily mean people are more polite.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容以及最后一段中的“today’s constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were”可知，英国人道歉或是与他们的阶级制度有关，或是为了避免冲突，今天的多次道歉也并不意味着人们更有礼貌。
35．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explore the best way of saying sorry.
B．To explain why Britons overuse the word “sorry”．
C．To show how saying sorry has changed over time.
D．To suggest many British people lack traditional manners.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文由电影场景引入主题，介绍了英国的道歉文化，并介绍了英国人道歉的原因及今天道歉的意义，主要目的是介绍英国人过量使用“sorry”这个词的原因。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Confidence is a skill that many folks want to master, but they have a hard time acquiring it. Have you ever wondered why? Possibly you were born confident. You were talked to negatively as a child or maybe you were rejected many times. Whatever the case is, 36.________. But how to boost your confidence?
Begin to act as if you are confident. Act as the person you would want to be like. 37.________. Surround yourself with people who you think are confident and have high values. You will learn so much from observing other confident folks.
38．________. One of the areas that you need to pay attention to is your self?talk. Your thoughts about your capabilities and self?worth need to be positive and encouraging. Whenever you notice you think negatively, pause and take a moment, and shift your focus to something that can help you feel better about yourself.
Go after your goals. If you are really serious about building self?confidence, you need to identify your goals and go after them. The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills. 39.________.
By using these steps to boost your confidence, 40.________.
A．Always stay positive
B．Improve your positive self?talk
C．Begin to think and behave like them
D．This requires you to know what a confident person looks like
E．you will be on the path to improving your self?esteem and self?worth
F．You’ll begin to trust your inner self more and appreciate yourself more
G．you should know you can improve your self?esteem and build confidence
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了增强自信心的方法和策略。
36．G 解析：空处启示下文的“But how to boost your confidence”，再结合语境可知，此处表示“无论是什么情况，你都应该知道你是可以增强你的自尊心和自信心的”，所以选G项。
37．D 解析：空处承接上文的“Act as the person you would want to be like.”，要像你想成为的那个人一样行动，这就需要你知道一个有信心的人是什么样子的，所以选D项。
38．B 解析：空处是本段主旨句，根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲改善积极的自我表达，所以选B项。
39．F 解析：空处承接上文的“The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills.”，是这一行为的结果，故F项“你将会更加相信自己的内心，并更加欣赏自己”符合语境。
40．E 解析：空处承接并总结上文，E项与文章开头相呼应，符合文章主旨，故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a teenager I volunteered to pass out water at a local race. I was so excited to 41 all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water. Some walked past, some jogged past and a few 42 past.
Watching so many 43 of people doing it, I thought maybe I could do it too! The next year I decided to 44 the race. With 45 running practice, I just wanted to finish.
On the day of the race, it was terribly hot. Only after 2 miles, I felt sweat 46 off me and my legs swelling. I began to 47 ，“Why am I doing this? What was I thinking? I must be 48 .”For the following miles, I jogged, I walked, I jogged and walked. At times, I wonder if I could 49 .
50 the end, a 70?year?old man rushed past me, very 51 ， and I felt a little 52 that I was more than 50 years younger than him and I couldn’t 53 keep up with him. But then I realized something: he was running his race and I was running mine. How often in life do we 54 ourselves to others and feel disappointed in ourselves when we really 55 ？ We are all unique human beings with unique 56 . It’s really no good focusing on others’ race. I decided that I would not 57 running, and that one day I would be one of those 58 people who were still running races.
As I crossed the finishing line, I was proud of myself. I didn’t regret having such an experience. If you don’t 59 others but get the lesson and grow, you are truly a 60 .
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者参加跑步比赛得出的人生感悟。
41．A.see B．inspect
C．stare D．notice
A 解析：根据下文“Watching so many ______ of people doing it, I thought maybe I could do it too！”可知，作者看到不同的跑步者很激动。
42．A.struggled B．dragged
C．rushed D．moved
C 解析：根据语境中的walked和jogged可推知，此处作者表示的是速度上的递进关系，故选C。
43．A.styles B．ranks
C．types D．races
C 解析：根据上文“I was so excited to ______ all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water.”可推知，作者观看不同的人参与比赛。type“类型”，符合语境。
44．A.run up B．run out
C．run across D．run for
D 解析：根据下文可知，作者第二年也参加了比赛。run up“跑上去”；run out“用完”；run across“偶然碰见”；run for“竞选，参加”。
45．A.some B．little
C．much D．any
B 解析：根据语境“I just wanted to finish”并结合下一段作者在比赛中的表现可推知，作者并没有进行跑步练习。
46．A.pouring B．taking
C．melting D．blowing
A 解析：根据语境“On the day of the race, it was terribly hot.”可推知，参赛那天天气很热，作者出了很多的汗。
47．A.doubt B．remember
C．imagine D．suppose
A 解析：根据下文“At times, I wonder if I could ______.”和下文作者一连串的问句可推知，作者对参加赛跑这件事开始怀疑。
48．A.friendly B．crazy
C．generous D．tired
B 解析：根据语境“Why am I doing this? What was I thinking？”可推知，作者认为自己是疯了才决定参加这次比赛，不仅大汗淋漓，而且腿也肿胀起来。
49．A.win B．stop
C．make D．finish
D 解析：此处与上文“I just wanted to finish”呼应可推知，作者跑跑走走，不知道自己是否能够坚持到最后，完成比赛。
50．A.On B．At
C．Near D．By
C 解析：根据下文可推知，作者在比赛快结束时，被一位70岁的老人超过。
51．A.slowly B．gently
C．heavily D．fast
D 解析：根据语境可推知，老人跑得非常快。
52．A.pleased B．frightened
C．delighted D．embarrassed
D 解析：根据下文“I was more than 50 years younger than him and I couldn’t ______ keep up with him”可推知，作者作为一个身强力壮的年轻人跑不过一个老人，实在是有些尴尬。embarrassed“尴尬的”。
53．A.just B．even
C．still D．already
B 解析：根据上文可推知，作者对自己的状况感到有点尴尬。故此处应用even“甚至”，使作者和老人形成了强烈的对比，符合语境。
54．A.compare B．devote
C．recommend D．show
A 解析：根据上文“But then I realized something: he was running his race and I was running mine.”可推知，作者下文是对我们自己和他人进行比较，这与下文“It’s really no good focusing on others’ race.”形成呼应。
55．A.couldn’t B．won’t
C．shouldn’t D．can’t
C 解析：根据下文“It’s really no good focusing on others’ race. I decided that I would not ______ running”可推知，作者认为我们没有必要和他人进行比较，而让自己有挫败感。
56．A.significance B．pace
C．principle D．concept
B 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，作者认为我们都是独一无二的，有独一无二的速度。significance“重要性”；pace“速度”；principle“原则”；concept“观念”。
57．A.insist on B．look up to
C．put up with D．give up
D 解析：根据下文“As I crossed the finishing line”可推知，作者决定不放弃，最终完成了比赛。insist on“坚持”；look up to“敬仰”；put up with“容忍”；give up“放弃”。
58．A.elderly B．professional
C．international D．educated
A 解析：根据上文“a 70?year?old man rushed past me...”及空后的still可知，作者希望向上文中提到的老人学习，虽然有一天也会变老，但仍会继续参加赛跑。
59．A.persuade B．change
C．beat D．follow
C 解析：根据上文可知，作者跑步不顺利，但最终还是坚持了下来，跑完了比赛。作者认为尽管并没有打败他人，但是吸取了教训，获得了成长，就是真正的赢家。beat“打败”。
60．A.learner B．winner
C．dreamer D．competitor
B 解析：参见上题解析。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In September, in Britain, you may see a lot of swallows. They are gathering together because, very soon, they will be flying south to much 61.____________ (warm) lands, where they will find plenty of small flying insects on 62.____________they feed. There are no such insects about in Britain during the winter, as it is too cold 63.____________them.
The swallows settle, fly off, dash, and settle again. This they do many times, for they are making short practising 64._________ (flight) in order to be fit for the long journey ahead of them.
Flocks of these 65.____________ (migrate) birds leave Britain in the autumn. They fly 66.____________ (steady) for hundreds of miles before they reach the warm lands of Africa. But not all the birds get there, for many of them die in the 67.____________ (storm) weather they meet with on the way.
In the spring of the following year they make the long and tiring journey back to Britain. They get 68._________ (settle) on the same barn or tree in the same district which they 69._________ (leave) the previous autumn.
Nobody knows exactly how these birds find their way there and back over such vast distance, but it has something to do 70.____________ winds and air currents.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国燕子的迁徙。
61．warmer 解析：考查形容词的比较级。它们聚集到一起是因为不久之后它们将飞往南方比较温暖的地方。根据语境可知此处应用形容词的比较级。
62．which 解析：考查关系词。在那里，它们会发现大量的小飞虫，它们以此为食物。根据语境及句型结构可知，此处应用on which引导定语从句，which代替上文提到的insects。
63．for 解析：考查介词。因为对它们来说，英国的冬天太冷了。此处用介词for表示“对……来说”。
64．flights 解析：考查名词的数。它们正在做短程的飞行训练。根据语境可知，此处飞行不止一次，所以名词的复数符合语境。
65．migrating 解析：考查非谓语动词。在秋天的时候，这些成群的迁徙的鸟儿离开英国。根据句意可知birds与动词migrate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。
66．steadily 解析：考查副词。在它们到达非洲温暖的地方之前，它们要平稳地飞行数百英里。此处应用副词修饰动词。
67．stormy 解析：考查形容词。但是并不是所有的鸟儿都会到达那儿，因为途中有许多鸟儿在遇到的暴风雨天气中死去。根据空前的the以及空后的weather可知，此处修饰名词应用形容词。
68．settled 解析：考查动词语态。此处get settled意为“定居下来”，构成被动语态。
69．left 解析：考查动词时态。它们在同一地区相同的谷仓或树上定居下来，那是它们前一年秋天离开的地方。根据句意可知，此处“离开”是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。
70．with 解析：考查固定短语。have something to do with...意为“与……有关”，为固定短语。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起)不计分。
Li Ming is a friend of mine.I’m glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before.He got tired so easy that he couldn’t take exercise, that made him very upset.Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing.So he made up his minds to make a change.He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon.Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.
答案：
Li Ming is a friend of mine.I’m glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years .He got tired so that he couldn’t take exercise, made him very upset.Later, he realized he went on like that, he would end up nothing.So he made up his to make a change.He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon.Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems, we should overcome with great determination and strong willpower.
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Henry写信告诉你他打算来中国留学，他想知道可能会遇到的困难。请你用英语给他写一封回信，信的内容应包括：
1. 可能会遇到的困难；
2. 鼓励他并表示愿意帮助他。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Dear Henry，
I’m glad to hear from you. You asked me about the difficulties you may meet with when you come and study in China.___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Henry，
I’m glad to hear from you. You asked me about the difficulties you may meet with when you come and study in China. Now, I’d like to tell you something about it.
First of all, you may have the problem about the language you think you are well prepared. You may find it difficult to communicate with the natives, because many of them can’t speak English. Besides, you may not get used to the local food which is quite different from the western food. What’s more, you may feel lonely and miss your family and friends, especially in the very beginning.
However, you needn’t worry about it. Several weeks later, you will get used to everything here and love the place, and I’ll also try my best to help you when necessary.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
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