(共18张PPT)
Module
1 Deep
South
extreme
south
lie
in
be
rich
in
up
to
now
adapt
to
including
lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth
coldest
continent
the
covers
an
area
of
is
covered
with
have
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions
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A
Antarctic
seabirds
are
breeding
(繁殖)
later，because
thinner
sea
ice
is
causing
their
food
supplies
to
decline，a
new
study
says.
The
birds，which
nest
in
East
Antarctica，have
delayed
their
spring
arrival
by
an
average
of
nine
days
and
egg laying
by
an
average
of
two
days
over
the
past
50
years，according
to
polar
researchers
from
the
French
National
Center
for
Scientific
Research
in
Villiers
en
Bois,
France.
Study
authors
Christophe
Barbrand
and
Henri
Weimerskirch
attribute
this
later
breeding
activity
to
decrease
in
sea
ice
caused
by
climate
change.
The
researchers
say
the
disappearing
sea
ice，combined
with
a
longer
sea ice
season,
has
interfered
with
the
birds’
breeding
cycle
by
reducing
the
amount
of
krill
(磷虾)
and
other
prey
(猎物)
available
in
early
spring
in
Antarctica.
Because
Antarctica’s
seasons
are
opposite
those
in
the
Northern
Hemisphere，spring
on
the
icy
continent
begins
in
October.
The
study
is
based
on
data
collected
at
seabird
colonies
between
1950
and
2004
in
Adélie
Land,
on
the
eastern
edge
of
the
frozen
continent.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Proceedings
of
the
National
Academy
of
Sciences.
Of
the
nine
species
studied,
some
arrived
up
to
30
days
later
than
they
had
in
previous
years.
Despite
much
later
arrivals,
the
birds
are
laying
their
eggs
at
pretty
much
the
same
time
as
they
had
in
the
past.
In
the
most
extreme
cases,
birds
were
laying
their
eggs
an
average
of
3.7
days
later
in
the
season
than
they
were
50
years
ago.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了生活在南极洲东部的海鸟推迟繁殖的原因。
1．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about
A．Seabirds
are
breeding
later
in
East
Antarctica.
B．The
amount
of
krill
in
the
ocean
has
decreased.
C．The
weather
in
Antarctica
has
changed.
D．The
spring
in
Antarctica
is
beginning
later.
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍的是现在生活在南极洲东部的海鸟的繁殖期由于气候变化而延后。
2．In
which
of
the
following
months
is
it
autumn
in
Antarctica
A．October.
B．September.
C．November.
D．June.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可推知南极6月应是秋天。
3．How
many
kinds
of
seabirds
were
studied
by
the
researchers
A．Two.
B．Five.
C．Nine.
D．Thirty.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知研究了九种鸟。
4．What
does
the
underlined
word
“attribute”
in
Paragraph
1
mean
A．It
means
“contribute”.
B．It
means
“cause”．
C．It
means
“owe”.
D．It
means
“devote”．
C 解析：词义猜测题。研究者认为这种推迟的生育行为是由于气候变化导致的海冰减少而引起的。attribute...to...“把……归因于……”，C项与之相符。
B
(2019·陕西高二检测)Whenever
I
hear
a
recording
of
John
Denver
singing
“Sunshine
on
My
Shoulders”，
I
find
myself
smiling,
drawn
to
a
love
of
the
sun
and
the
outdoors
I’ve
had
for
years
as
a
Michigan
native.
Walking
barefoot
to
the
lake,
playing
without
shirts
in
the
sunlight,
and
breathing
fresh
air
feel
good.
As
a
doctor
I
can
tell
you
they
are
also
good
for
your
heart.
Studies
have
found
higher
rates
of
high
blood
pressure
among
people
with
the
lowest
sun
exposure.
One
reason
may
be
due
to
nitric
oxide
(一氧化氮),
a
gas
whose
function
is
activated
when
your
skin
is
exposed
to
the
sun’s
rays.
It
reduces
both
heart
attack
and
stroke
risks.
Vitamin
D,
which
sunlight
helps
your
body
produce,
is
also
linked
to
better
health.
So
walk
outdoors
for
15
to
30
minutes
daily.
In
Japan,
walking
through
forests
to
keep
healthy
has
become
a
popular
practice.
Apparently
they
want
to
enjoy
the
fresh
air.
But
research
on
280
volunteers
found
that
people
had
a
reduced
heart
rate,
and
lower
blood
pressure
when
they
walked
through
a
forest
than
when
they
spent
time
in
an
urban
area.
One
of
the
consequences
of
modern
society
is
that
rarely
is
our
body
in
direct
contact
with
the
ground.
The
earth
has
an
electrical
current.
Direct
contact
with
it
may
be
stabilizing
force
for
good
health.
Although“earthing”or
“grounding”
is
considered
alternative
by
mainstream
medicine,
research
shows
that
the
practice
seems
to
be
able
to
reduce
heart
disease
risks.
So,
walk
around
barefoot
wherever
possible,
let
your
backyard
grass
tickle
your
feet,
and
dig
your
toes
into
sandy
beaches.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。
5．The
first
paragraph
is
meant
to
________．
A．show
the
author
likes
the
song
very
much
B．put
forward
the
argument
of
the
passage
C．suggest
that
the
author
loves
nature
crazily
D．indicate
the
author
is
a
Michigan
native
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是提出文章的论点。
6．Sunbathing’s
good
for
heart
because
________．
A．the
sun’s
rays
make
nitric
oxide
work
B．sunlight
can
help
people
keep
warm
C．the
sun’s
rays
can
help
replace
vitamin
D
D．vitamin
D
reduces
blood
circulation
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One
reason
may
be
due
to
nitric
oxide
(一氧化氮),
a
gas
whose
function
is
activated
when
your
skin
is
exposed
to
the
sun’s
rays.
It
reduces
both
heart
attack
and
stroke
risks.”描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。
7．It’s
believed
that
walking
through
forests
can
________．
A．make
people
popular
B．help
breathe
in
fresh
air
C．reduce
blood
pressure
D．help
escape
noisy
cities
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“But
research
on
280
volunteers
found
that
people
had
a
reduced
heart
rate,
and
lower
blood
pressure
when
they
walked
through
a
forest
than
when
they
spent
time
in
an
urban
area.”描述可知，人们普遍认为在森林散步可以降低血压。
8．The
best
title
of
the
passage
should
be
________．
A．Nitric
Oxide
Has
Magic
Functions
B．Walking
Barefoot
Builds
the
Body
C．Sunbathing
Is
Good
for
Health
D．Outdoor
Activities
Benefit
the
Heart
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walking
barefoot...for
your
heart.”及最后一段可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。
完形填空
Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.
I
had
a
1
job
that
paid
the
bills;
I
had
a
good
family
that
I
was
close
to,
and
I
had
a
place
to
live
and
money
in
the
bank
for
trips
and
2
，
and
there
was
nothing
much
wrong
in
my
life.
3
，
I
was
bored.
I
wanted
more.
I
wanted
to
live
4
and
loudly
and
make
sharp
memories
instead
of
the
5
ones
of
everyday
life.
But
I
was
6
.
I
had
never
had
any
7
in
myself.
As
a
child,
even
buying
something
in
a
shop
caused
me
a
great
deal
of
8
，
and
even
though
I
did
get
better
as
I
got
older,
I
never
quite
9
that
childhood
shyness.
And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.
I
also
took
tiny
steps
leading
to
my
goals.
But
none
of
them
really
10
．
So
I
11
that
the
small
steps
weren’t
enough.
I
signed
up
for
an
internship
(实习期)
of
teaching
English
in
Vietnam,
an
12
huge
step,
one
that
13
me
as
much
as
it
excited
me.
And
then
the
day
came
and
I
left
my
home
and
my
loved
ones.
I
was
alone
in
a
country
where
the
food
was
14
and
the
streets
were
unfamiliar.
I
had
no
idea
whether
I
would
be
able
to
15
everything
that
this
very
strange
environment
would
16
at
me.
I
spent
five
months
in
Vietnam,
teaching,
exploring
and
laughing.
I’d
learned
to
17
myself,
my
skills,
my
abilities
and
my
decisions.
I
returned
home
18
，
even
to
myself,
let
alone
to
others.
The
19
that
had
controlled
my
life
and
the
self doubt
were
20
．
That
one
big
chance
changed
everything
for
me,
and
in
me.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
1．A.stable
B．temporary
C．difficult
D．demanding
A 解析：根据上文中的“Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。
2．A.tips
B．rewards
C．treats
D．fines
C 解析：根据空前的“money
in
the
bank
for
trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。
3．A.Thus
B．Instead
C．Otherwise
D．However
D 解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。thus“因此”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。
4．A.easily
B．brightly
C．peacefully
D．modestly
B 解析：根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满生气
(brightly)。
5．A.bitter
B．clear
C．grey
D．sweet
C 解析：根据上文中的“I
was
bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的
(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make
sharp
memories”相呼应。
6．A.proud
B．innocent
C．outgoing
D．afraid
D 解析：根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood
shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧。
7．A.pride
B．confidence
C．interest
D．shame
B 解析：根据下文中的“even
buying
something
in
a
shop
caused
me
a
great
deal
of
______”和“childhood
shyness”可推知，作者一直以来都对自己缺乏信心
(confidence)，与下文中的“And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.”相呼应。
8．A.stress
B．excitement
C．confusion
D．surprise
A 解析：根据空后的“even
though
I
did
get
better
as
I
got
older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担
(stress)。
9．A.added
to
B．talked
about
C．got
over
D．suffered
from
C 解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服
(got
over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
10．A.continued
B．survived
C．failed
D．helped
D 解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关
(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事
(helped)。
11．A.figured
B．promised
C．predicted
D．disagreed
A 解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为
(figured)小的措施是不够的。
12．A.equally
B．impossibly
C．unnecessarily
D．occasionally
B 解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。
13．A.ignored
B．impressed
C．annoyed
D．terrified
D 解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕
(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。
14．A.nice
B．colorful
C．strange
D．inadequate
C 解析：由下文中的“the
streets
were
unfamiliar”和“this
very
strange
environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生
(strange)。
15．A.doubt
B．handle
C．quit
D．obtain
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付
(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛
(throw)给自己的一切。
16．A.point
B．throw
C．shout
D．aim
B 解析：参见上题解析。throw
at“朝……扔”。
17．A.trust
B．enjoy
C．excuse
D．forgive
A 解析：与上文中的“And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了相信自己。
18．A.unconcerned
B．unsatisfied
C．unchangeable
D．unrecognizable
D 解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。
19．A.fear
B．respect
C．courage
D．anger
A 解析：由空后的“controlled
my
life”和“the
self doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕
(fear)控制，与上文中的“that
childhood
shyness”呼应。
20．A.picked
up
B．forgotten
about
C．worn
off
D．put
off
C 解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失
(worn
off)。Section
Ⅱ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary—Language
Points
state n．状态；状况；形势；州，国家，政府
vt.陈述，声明
(教材P2)Antarctica
holds
90%
of
the
world’s
ice,
and
most
of
its
fresh
water
(70%)
is
in
a
frozen
state,
of
course.
南极洲拥有世界90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水
(70%)都处于一种冰冻状态。
(1)in
the
state
of.../in
a
(n)...state
处于……的状态
in
a
good/bad
state
情况好/糟
(2)It
is
stated
that...
据称/据说……
(3)statement
n.
声明；陈述
①France
is
one
of
the
member
states
of
the
European
Union.
法国是欧盟的成员国之一。
②The
witness
stated
that
she
had
never
seen
Mr.
Smith
before.
证人声称她以前从未见过史密斯先生。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(2016·浙江卷6月)In
this
article,
you
need
to
back
up
general
statements
(state)
with
specific
examples.
②
(山东卷)Although
the
company
showed
no
sign
of
declining,
it
was
generally
in
an
unhealthy
state.
③It
is
stated
that
six
passengers
were
killed
in
the
accident
that
happened
at
the
cross
of
the
road.
adapt
to
(使)适应，
(使)适合
(教材P2)Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife,
which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了这里极其恶劣的条件。
(1)adapt
oneself
to...
使自己适应或习惯……
(2)adapt...for...
使适合于；改编，改写
adapt
from...
根据……改写/改编
①
(2017·江苏卷)Human
beings
will
continue
to
adapt
to
the
changing
climate
in
both
ordinary
and
astonishing
ways.
人类将继续以既普通又令人吃惊的方式适应正在变化的气候。
②To
leave
your
homeland
and
adapt
to
an
unfamiliar
place
where
the
culture
and
language
are
completely
different
is
a
challenge.
离开祖国去适应一个文化和语言都完全不同的陌生之地是一种挑战。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(浙江卷)The
good
thing
about
children
is
that
they
adapt
very
easily
to
new
environments.
②This
new
film
Youth
is
said
to
be
adapted
from
a
novel
by
Yan
Geling,
many
of
whose
novels
also
have
been
adapted
for
television
so
far.
③
(江西卷)To
all
of
you,
fresh
students,
how
to
adapt
yourselves
to
the
new
environment
is
the
first
thing
that
you
have
to
face.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
④
(普通表达)
(福建卷)The
culture
made
it
difficult
for
him
to
adapt
to
(使得他很难适应)
the
new
environment
abroad.
⑤
(高级表达)It
was
the
culture
that
made
it
difficult
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad．(强调句)
比较adapt和adopt：
→adapt[根义]
(使)适合→[多义]
→adopt[根义]选取→[多义]
trap v．储存，留存；使落入圈套
(或困境)
n．陷阱；诡计；困境
(教材P2)Gases
and
minerals,
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
trapped
in
the
ice,
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
what
the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.
以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。
(1)be/get
trapped
in
被困在……中
trap
sb.into
(doing)
sth.
诱骗某人做某事
(2)set
a
trap
for
为……设下圈套
fall
into/be
caught
in
a
trap
掉进陷阱；落入圈套
①The
liar
trapped
me
into
believing
his
story.
这个骗子诱骗我相信他的故事。
②
(牛津词典)She
had
set
a
trap
for
him
and
he
had
walked
straight
into
it.
她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(2018·北京卷)A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who_had
been
trapped
(trap)
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.
②a.Because
of
the
greenhouse
effect,
the
earth
is
warmed
by
gases
trapped
(trap)
in
the
atmosphere.
b．The
bomb
exploded,
trapping
(trap)
victims
in
the
building.
③After
she
returned
home,
she
found
herself
trapped
into
buying
the
useless
medicines.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
④
(普通表达)Because
he
had
been
trapped
in
traffic
(被交通所困),
he
was
late
for
school.
⑤
(高级表达)Trapped
in
traffic/Having
been
trapped
in
traffic,
he
was
late
for
school．(分词短语作状语)
表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：be/get
caught
in；be/get
stuck
in等。
stand
out 突出，显眼；卓越；杰出
(教材P3)Since
most
Antarctic
rocks
are
dark
in
colour,
they
stand
out
against
the
white
background
and
are
easy
to
identify
and
collect.
因为南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，
也就易于识别和搜集。
stand
for
代表；象征；容忍
stand
by
袖手旁观；坚持；支持，遵守
stand
up
站起来
①Our
daughter
is
a
great
dancer.
She
stands
out
above
the
rest.
我们的女儿是一个优秀的舞者，她比其他舞者优秀。
②
(朗文辞典)Among
mystery
writers,
P．D.
James
stands
out
as
a
superior
storyteller.
在侦探小说作家中，P.D.
James最突出，是讲故事的高手。
[链接写作]——完成句子
①
(湖北卷)这栋刷着红漆的楼非常美观，在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。
Having
been
painted
red,
the
building
stands
out
among
the
rest
and
looks
very
attractive.
②当你遇到别人有麻烦的时候，不要只是袖手旁观。
Don’t
just
stand
by
when
you
come
across
someone
in
trouble.
③你知道东京奥运会吉祥物代表什么吗？
Do
you
know
what
Tokyo
Olympic
mascots
stand
for
balance vt.&
vi．(使)平衡，
(使)均衡；权衡，比较
n．平衡；天平，秤
(教材P3)But
more
than
two
thousand
years
ago
Greek
geographers
believed
that
there
was
a
large
land
mass
in
the
south
which
balanced
the
land
in
the
north.
但在两千多年以前，希腊的地理学家就认为在南边有一大块与北边的陆地相平衡的大陆。
(1)balance...with...
使……和……平衡
balance...against...
比较
(两个相对的事物)；权衡重要性
(2)keep
one’s
balance
保持平衡
lose
one’s
balance
失去平衡
have/keep
a
balance
between...and...
保持……之间的平衡
(3)balanced
adj.
平衡的，均衡的
a
balanced
diet
均衡饮食
①Hobbies
help
people
balance
between
work
and
play.
业余爱好有助于人们平衡工作和娱乐。
②I
think
it’s
important
to
have
a
balance
between
study
and
a
social
life,
so
I’m
going
to
join
a
few
clubs.
我认为保持学习和社交的平衡很重要，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①You
have
to
balance
the
advantages
of
living
in
a
big
city
against
the
disadvantages.
②People
have
learnt
the
importance
of
keeping
a
balanced
(balance)
diet
to
satisfy
their
nutritional
needs.
[链接写作]——完成句子
③
(天津卷)你太努力工作了，你最好工作和放松保持平衡。
You
are
working
too
hard.
You’d
better
keep
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation．
④
(湖北卷)这个男孩在追赶他哥哥的时候失去平衡，重重地摔了一跤。
When
he
was
running
after
his
brother，the
boy
lost
his
balance
and
had
a
bad
fall.
⑤当你过这座狭窄的桥时，一定要保持平衡。
When
you
cross
the
narrow
bridge,
you
must
keep
your
balance．
promote v．增进，促进；提升，晋升；宣传，推广，推销
(商品等)
(教材P3)In
particular,
it
aims
to
keep
Antarctica
free
from
nuclear
tests
and
radioactive
waste;
to
promote
international
scientific
projects;
and
to
end
arguments
about
who
owns
the
land.
该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中的promote的含义
①
(江西卷)
Not
only
did
the
mountain climbing
get
us
close
to
nature,
it
also
promoted
friendship
between
us.促进；增进
②
(安徽卷)While
waiting
for
the
opportunity
to
get
promoted，Henry
did
his
best
to
perform
his
duty.提升；晋升
③Advertising
companies
are
always
having
to
think
up
new
ways
to
promote
products.推销；促销
(1)promote
sb．(from
sth.)
to
sth.
把某人
(从某职位)提升到某职位
(2)promotion
n.
提升，晋升；晋级；促进
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
④a．(四川卷)More
expressways
will
be
built
in
Sichuan
soon
to
promote
(promote)
the
local
economy.
b．Because
of
his
good
performance,
he
was
promoted
(promote)
to
a
higher
position
in
the
company.
⑤He
got
rapid
promotion
(promote)
because
of
his
good
attitude
towards
work,
and
ended
up
as
a
manager.
“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构
(教材P2)With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero,
Antarctica
is
technically
a
desert.
南极洲年降水量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。
句中的With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero是“with＋宾语＋宾补
(形容词短语)”结构，在句中作原因状语。
“with＋宾语＋宾补”
结构在句中可作伴随状语、方式状语、原因状语、时间状语等，也可作后置定语。with复合结构的常见形式：
(1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词
(2)with＋宾语＋doing
(表主动、进行)
(3)with＋宾语＋done
(表被动、完成)
(4)with＋宾语＋to
do
(表将来)
①The
children
were
skating
with
their
faces
red
with
cold.
孩子们在滑冰，他们的脸都冻红了。
②The
teacher
with
a
book
in
his
hand
is
our
new
English
teacher.
手里拿着书的那位老师是我们的新英语老师。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①With
so
many
people
talking
(talk)
and
laughing
(laugh),
I
couldn’t
settle
down
to
my
work.
②With
all
the
things
she
needed
bought
(buy),
she
went
home
happily.
③With
so
much
work
to
do
(do),
we
can’t
play
outside
any
longer.
在
“with＋宾语＋宾补”
结构中，用不定式作宾补时，
常用主动形式表示被动含义。
not
until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装
(教材P3)Not
until
the
late
18th
century
did
the
British
explorer
James
Cook
cross
the
Antarctic
Circle,
but
he
never
saw
land.
直到18世纪末，
英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，
但他却从未发现任何陆地。
本句为倒装句，not
until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即“Not
until＋从句＋did/does＋主语＋其他成分．”，意为“直到……才……”。注意从句不倒装。
(1)not...until/till...“直到……才……”，该句型中主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。
(2)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
(3)not
until...的强调句型：It
was/is
not
until...that...
①Not
until
I
got
to
the
station
did
I
find
my
wallet
lost.
直到来到车站我才发现钱包丢了。
②I
didn’t
realize
the
problem
was
so
serious
until/till
she
told
me
about
it.
直到她告诉我，我才意识到这个问题如此严重。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷)Let’s
not
pick
these
peaches
until
this
weekend
so
that
they
get
sweet
enough
to
be
eaten.
②(天津卷)It’s
difficult
for
us
to
learn
a
lesson
in
life
until
we’ve
actually
had
that
lesson.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)
(2017·天津卷)I
didn’t
pursue
my
career
as
an
actress
until
I
finished
my
studies.
③
(高级表达)Not
until
I
finished
my
studies
did
I
pursue
my
career
as
an
actress．(倒装句)
④
(高级表达)It
was
not
until
I
finished
my
studies
that
I
pursued
my
career
as
an
actress．(强调句)
品句填词
1．The
film
won
three
awards
at
the
annual
(年度的)
film
festival.
2．Many
people
have
come
to
realize
that
they
should
go
on
a
balanced
(均衡的)
diet.
3．When
I
began
my
senior
high
school,
I
found
it
extremely
(极端地)
difficult
to
learn
English
well.
4．Many
literary
works
become
well
received
after
they
are
adapted
(改编)
into
films.
5．Rescue
workers
are
trying
their
best
to
save
the
miners
trapped
(困在)
in
the
cave
underground.
6．Chinese
people
usually
have
dinner
with
friends
and
relatives
to
further
promote
(促进)
their
relationship.
7．These
creatures
live
in
the
depth
(深处)
of
the
Pacific
Ocean.
8．She
was
in
a
state
(状态)
of
shock
for
about
two
weeks
after
the
accident.
9．Christopher
Columbus
is
one
of
the
most
famous
explorers
(探险者)
in
history.
10．Shanghai,
as
a
commercial
(商业的)
center
in
the
east
of
China,
attracts
thousands
of
business
people
from
all
over
the
world
every
day.
课文语法填空
Antarctica,
the
coldest
place
on
Earth,
is
the
fifth
1.largest
(large)
continent
in
the
world.
98%
of
the
surface
is
covered
2.permanently
(permanent)
in
the
ice
cap.
3.On
average
the
ice
is
two
kilometres
thick,
but
in
some
places
it
reaches
a
4.depth
(deep)
of
five
kilometres.
Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife,
which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
The
ice
5.that/which
has
been
there
for
thousands
of
years
can
give
researchers
lots
of
useful
information.
Gases
and
minerals,
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
6.trapped
(trap)
in
the
ice
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
7.what_the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.
James
Cook
crossed
the
Antarctic
Circle
in
8.the
late
18th
century.
The
first
man
9.to
set
(set)
foot
on
the
mainland
was
a
Norwegian.
Now
Antarctica
10.has
been
made
(make)
the
world’s
biggest
nature
reserve,
which
has
become
perhaps
the
most
successful
symbol
of
man’s
efforts
to
work
together
for
progress
and
peace.
单句语法填空
1．—Why
could
you
pick
out
my
sister
so
easily
in
the
crowd
—Because
she
stood
out
in
the
bright
red
dress.
2．In
fact
English
has
always
been_in
a
state
of
evolution
and
in
recent
years
more
and
more
phrases
have
entered
the
language.
3．Trapped
(trap)
in
the
burning
building，many
people
could
do
nothing
but
wait.
4．(2019·江苏启东中学高二期末)I
went
along
the
street
thinking
nothing
in
particular,
only
looking
(look)
at
things
around
me.
5．He
was
close
to
being
killed
(kill)
yesterday.
A
car
passed
him
at
what
he
thought
was
a
dangerous
speed.
6．He
has
thought
of
a
good
idea
for
the
promotion
(promote)
of
his
products.
7．(2019·重庆南开中学高二月考)With
all
the
work
finished
(finish)
ahead
of
time,
I
feel
relaxed
and
very
happy
to
be
reading
the
papers.
8．You’ll
sound
more
polite
if
you
make
a
request
in
the
form
of
a
question.
9．It
was
not
until
his
father
came
back
that
he
started
doing
his
homework.
10．Some
people
can
never
go
above
400
meters,
because
their
bodies
are
unable
to
adapt
to
these
extreme
conditions.
阅读理解
A
I
was
going
to
die
in
Antarctica.
I
was
certain.
An
image
of
my
frost covered
body,
pale
and
lifeless,
filled
my
mind
as
I
glanced
around.
In
all
directions
the
empty
wilderness
of
Antarctica
stretched
away
from
me,
the
only
feature
on
the
landscape
being
the
division
between
snow
and
sky.
I
gazed
sadly
at
my
team.
They
were
rapidly
disappearing
over
the
horizon.
I
was
leading
an
expedition
(探险队)
attempting
to
reach
the
south
pole.
The
team
was
made
up
of
ordinary
women
from
all
around
the
world—from
Jamaica,
India,
Singapore
and
Cyprus—many
of
whom
had
never
seen
snow,
or
spent
a
night
in
a
tent,
before
we
set
off.
Our
aim
was
to
be
the
most
international
all female
team
to
reach
the
South
Pole.
As
I
watched,
the
rest
of
the
team
had
marched
on,
unaware
that
I
was
not
with
them.
By
the
time
I
realised
that
my
sledge
was
firmly
stuck,
the
team
were
already
a
long
way
ahead
of
me.
I
called
out
to
Era,
my
teammate
from
Brunei.“Era！Stop！”
Getting
no
response
I
called
again,
but
my
shouts
were
carried
away
in
the
opposite
direction
by
the
wind.
Seconds
passed.
Nothing.
I
was
gradually
being
left
alone,
completely
defenseless
against
the
fatally
low
temperatures
of
Antarctica.
My
strength
increased
when
I
thought
of
a
cold,
lonely
death.
I
pulled
again
my
sledge,
which
moved
a
little.
I
removed
the
ice
with
my
ski pole
and
boot,
desperately
trying
to
break
the
sledge
free.
The
sledge
shot
forward,
knocking
me
off
balance.
I
struggled
to
my
feet
and
set
off
after
the
team.
I
caught
up
just
as
Reena,
my
teammate
from
India,
looked
behind
her
and
noticed
there
was
one
person
missing.
She
swung
around
on
her
skis
in
shock
and
spotted
me
in
the
near
distance.
As
we
continued,
my
panic
slowly
faded.
For
the
rest
of
the
day
each
of
the
team
was
glancing
over
their
shoulder
every
few
minutes.
They
were
not
going
to
risk
losing
me
again.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了“我”带领一个国际女子探险队在南极探险，途中“我”的雪橇被雪卡住，以致掉队。后来“我”经过努力，克服了危机，赶上了队伍。
1．What
is
special
about
the
expedition
team
A．They
were
all
female.
B．They
were
all
professional.
C．They
made
the
longest
expedition.
D．They
had
been
strictly
trained.
A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段内容可知作者带领的探险队是由来自世界各地普通妇女组成的，因此A项正确。
2．What
made
the
author
get
her
sledge
out
of
the
ice
was
________．
A．the
shouts
from
her
teammates
B．her
strong
desire
to
live
C．the
sudden
change
in
wind
direction
D．the
natural
beauty
ahead
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，想到死亡使作者力量大增，从而将雪橇从冰雪里拔了出来，因此可以说是强大的求生欲望解救了作者。
3．At
last,
each
of
the
team
members
kept
looking
back
to
________．
A．avoid
being
attacked
from
behind
B．make
sure
that
none
fell
behind
C．check
the
distance
they
had
covered
D．keep
a
record
of
the
route
they
took
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，每个人不停地回头看是为了保证没有人掉队。
4．Which
may
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．How
to
Survive
in
Antarctica
B．A
Mysterious
Trip
to
the
South
Pole
C．A
Female
Expedition
D．Being
Left
Behind
in
the
Snow
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者在一次南极探险中由于掉队而差点发生危险的经历。
B
“We
all
know
that
exercise
is
good
for
us,
but
can
you
get
the
benefits
without
actually
doing
the
exercise？”asks
Michael
Mosley.
Having
a
hot
bath
or
a
sauna
is
a
good
way
to
soothe
your
arms
and
legs
after
exercise,
but
what
happens
if
you
do
it
instead
of
exercise
Dr.
Steve
Faulkner
of
Loughborough
University
asked
me
to
take
part
in
an
experiment
comparing
the
relative
benefits
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath
versus
an
hour
of
hard
cycling.
For
this
study
I
join
a
group
of
volunteers
who
have
all
been
fitted
with
monitors
which
continuously
record
blood
sugar
levels.
Keeping
your
blood
sugar
level
within
the
normal
range
is
an
important
measure
of
your
“metabolic”fitness.
The
first
part
of
the
experiment
is
very
relaxing,
consisting
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath.
While
I
sit
in
the
bath,
which
they
keep
at
40℃，
Steve
closely
monitors
my
core
temperature.
Once
it
has
risen
and
stayed
there,
I
am
allowed
out.
A
couple
of
hours
after
my
bath
I
have
a
light
meal.
Since
we
want
to
see
how
having
a
hot
bath
compares
with
exercise,
we
repeat
the
experiment.
So
what’s
the
result
“One
of
the
first
things
that
we
were
looking
at，”Steve
says,
“is
the
energy
expenditure
(消耗)
while
you’re
in
the
hot
bath
and
what
we
found
was
an
80%
increase
in
energy
expenditure
just
as
a
result
of
sitting
in
the
bath
for
the
course
of
an
hour.”
This
is
nothing
like
as
many
calories
as
cycling
for
an
hour
(which
comes
out
at
an
average
of
630
calories),
but
we
do
burn
140
calories,
the
equivalent
of
a
brisk
30 minute
walk.
【解题导语】 实验发现，一个小时的热水浴虽然没有骑一个小时自行车所消耗的热量多，但其所消耗的热量相当于半个小时的快步走所消耗的热量。
5．What
is
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
in
Paragraph
2
A．Exercise.
B．Strengthen.
C．Relax.
D．Build
up.
C 解析：词义猜测题。结合该句内容和常识可知，在锻炼时，我们的腿和手臂肌肉比较紧张，洗热水澡或桑拿浴可以使这些部位的肌肉得到放松。故选C。
6．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
experiment
A．To
compare
energy
expenditure
of
hot
bath
and
cycling.
B．To
tell
people
how
to
lose
weight.
C．To
show
the
benefit
of
hot
bath.
D．To
encourage
people
to
have
a
hot
bath
instead
of
cycling.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Dr.
Steve
Faulkner
of
Loughborough
University
asked
me
to
take
part
in
an
experiment
comparing
the
relative
benefits
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath
versus
an
hour
of
hard
cycling.”可知，做这个实验的目的是把洗热水澡和骑自行车的能量消耗的情况进行对比。故选A。
7．What
does
normal
blood
sugar
level
mean
A．It
means
you
are
healthy.
B．It
means
your
temperature
is
normal.
C．It
means
you
don’t
need
exercise.
D．It
means
your
metabolic
system
is
normal.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Keeping
your
blood
sugar
level
within
the
normal
range
is
an
important
measure
of
your
‘metabolic’
fitness.”可知，保持正常范围内的血糖水平是代谢健康的一个重要衡量标准。据此可知，正常的代谢系统与正常的血糖水平有关。故选D。
8．If
you
want
to
burn
600
calories,
what
can
you
do
A．Have
a
hot
bath
for
one
hour.
B．Cycle
for
one
hour.
C．Have
a
brisk
60 minute
walk.
D．Have
a
brisk
30 minute
walk.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，如果要消耗600卡路里，应骑一个小时自行车。故选B。
七选五
Everyone
has
someone
who’s
wronged
them
in
one
way
or
another.
Yet
forgiveness
is
something
you
can
achieve
as
long
as
you
take
the
following
steps.
Decide
you
want
to
choose
forgiveness.
The
first
step
toward
achieving
forgiveness
is
to
decide
it’s
something
you
actually
want
to
do,
not
something
someone
has
pressured
you
into
trying.
1.________
Also
forgiveness
doesn’t
mean
excusing
or
forgetting
an
injustice,
or
returning
to
a
relationship
that’s
harmful.
2．________
It’s
kind
of
a
checklist:
How
are
you
doing
in
terms
of
your
anger
How
have
you
been
denying
it
Are
you
angrier
than
you
thought
you
would
be
3.________
Tiredness
is
the
most
common
physical
complaint,
as
is
a
pessimistic
worldview—believing
no
one
can
be
trusted
or
that
everyone
is
only
out
for
themselves.
Once
you
look
at
those
effects,
the
question
becomes:
Do
you
want
to
heal
Commit
to
forgiveness.
Once
you
have
completed
stage
two
and
seen
how
the
effects
of
your
anger
have
made
you
unhappy,
there’s
a
tendency
to
give
this
a
try.
In
this
stage,
it’s
important
to
commit
yourself
to
doing
no
harm
toward
the
person
you’re
trying
to
forgive.
That
doesn’t
mean
being
good
to
them.
4.________
Consider
the
other
person’s
wounds.
The
goal
is
to
finally
feel
sympathy
for
the
other
person,
but
don’t
start
there.
5.________
How
was
that
person
hurt
in
life
How
were
they
treated
unjustly
Were
they
so
wounded
that
they
wounded
you
You
don’t
do
this
to
excuse
their
actions,
but
to
see
a
scared
person,
maybe
a
confused
person,
someone
who
is
not
always
right
and
all powerful.
A．Make
a
list.
B．Uncover
your
anger.
C．Instead,
think
about
them
in
a
new
way.
D．It
just
means
you
don’t
do
anything
negative.
E．People
should
not
be
forced
into
forgiving.
F．What
are
the
physical
consequences
of
your
anger
G．On
the
contrary,
be
committed
to
your
own
happiness.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了达到谅解的四个步骤。
1．E 解析：根据空前的“not
something
someone
has
pressured
you
into
trying”及选项E
“People
should
not
be
forced
into
forgiving.”可知答案。pressure
sb.
into
doing与be
forced
into
doing是近义短语。
2．B 解析：本空是段落小标题，其他小标题都是祈使句，故可推知本空也应填一个祈使句，所以只有A、B、C和G项满足这个条件。该段通过几个连续的问题对“your
anger”进行了剖析，即要“找出你的愤怒”，故选B项。
3．F 解析：根据下文中的“Tiredness
is
the
most
common
physical
complaint”及选项F“What
are
the
physical
consequences
of
your
anger？”可知，physical是重复出现的词，F项放在本空中，前后语义也是连贯的，所以选F。
4．D 解析：空前的“That
doesn’t
mean
being
good
to
them.”和选项D“It
just
means
you
don’t
do
anything
negative.”语意连贯，故选D项。
5．C 解析：上文提到“The
goal
is...don’t
start
there.”，可知本空应该是正确的开始，即用一种新的方式来思考这些人
(Instead,
think
about
them
in
a
new
way.)，空后进一步提示如何去思考。Section
Ⅳ Grammar
复习主语和动词
1．(教材P2)Covering
about
14
million
square
kilometres
around
the
South
Pole,
it
is
the
fifth
largest
continent
in
the
world.
2．(教材P2)Antarctica
holds
(hold)
90%
of
the
world’s
ice,
and
most
of
its
fresh
water
(70%)
is
(be)
in
a
frozen
state,
of
course.
3．(教材P2)98%
of
the
surface
is
covered
(cover)
permanently
in
the
ice
cap.
4．(教材P2)It
is
difficult
to
imagine
(imagine)
a
more
inhospitable
place.
5．(教材P5)Protecting
(protect)
Antarctica
from
nuclear
tests
and
radioactive
waste
is
(be)
very
important
to
this
continent.
6．(教材P5)What
the
treaty
aims
to
do
is
(be)
to
prevent
the
commercial
and
military
use
of
the
continent.
7．(教材P7)But
when
land
came
into
sight,
the
Endurance
became
trapped
(trap)
in
the
ice
and
began
to
break
up.
8．(教材P7)Shackleton
and
his
men
watched
the
Endurance
sink
(sink)
into
the
icy
sea.
主语
主语是句子动作的发出者，
是句子叙述的主体，
是句子所要说明的人或事物，
表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。
主语可由名词
(短语)、代词、the＋形容词、数词、不定式
(短语)、动名词
(短语)、从句等充当，通常位于谓语动词前。
◆
(安徽卷)You
can
ask
anyone
for
help.
Everyone
here
is
willing
to
lend
you
a
hand．(代词)
你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。
◆
(湖南卷)Understanding
your
own
needs
and
styles
of
communication
is
as
important
as
learning
to
convey
your
affection
and
emotions．(动名词)
理解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。
◆
(2016·北京卷)The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
that
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust．(名词)
雨季最令人愉快的事是人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。
◆Two
thirds
of
these
posts
are
open
to
fresh
college
graduates．(数词)
这些岗位中，
三分之二是向大学应届毕业生开放的。
◆The
wounded
were
taken
to
the
hospital
immediately．(the＋形容词)
伤员被立刻送往医院。
◆To
go
to
bed
early
and
to
rise
early
is
a
good
habit．(不定式)
早睡早起是个好习惯。
◆Whether
the
work
can
be
completed
on
time
is
still
unknown．(从句)
还不知道工作能否按时完成。
(1)当不定式短语或从句作主语时，
常用it作形式主语，
而把不定式短语或从句置于句末；在“It
is
no
good/use＋doing...”句型中用动名词短语作主语。
◆It’s
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.
覆水难收。
(2)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
动词
动词是表示人或事物的动作或状态。动词具有数、时态和语态的变化。
1．动词的分类
根据动词本身的用法，可以把动词分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(1)在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，完全是不及物动词的动词很少。常见的不及物动词：apologize，appear，arrive，come，go，run，walk，die，fall等。
(2)延续性动词后面通常接表示一段时间的时间状语，如“for＋一段时间”和“since＋过去的时间点”；非延续性动词通常与表示时间点的时间状语连用，若用于否定句，也可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
2．动词的时态
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
完成进行时态
现在
(1)am/is/are＋表语(2)动词原形/第三人称单数
am/is/aredoing
has/havedone
has/havebeendoing
过去
(1)was/were＋表语(2)动词过去式
was/weredoing
had
done
hadbeendoing
将来
shall/will＋动词原形
shall/willbe
doing
will
have
done
过去将来
would＋动词原形
would
be
doing
would
have
done
◆
(2016·北京卷)Jack
was
working
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred.
突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。
◆
(2016·江苏卷)He
has
already
received
three
similar
invitations
this
week.
本周他已经收到了三个相似的邀请。
3．动词各种时态的被动语态
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般时态
am/is/are＋done
was/were＋done
will
be
done
would
bedone
进行时态
am/is/are＋being
done
was/were
being
done
完成时态
has/have
been
done
had
been
done
will
have
been
done
would
havebeen
done
◆
(安徽卷)It
is
reported
that
a
space
station
will
be
built
on
the
moon
in
years
to
come.
据报道，人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。
◆
(天津卷)In
the
last
few
years
thousands
of
films
have
been
produced
all
over
the
world.
在过去的几年里，全世界拍摄了成千上万的电影。
单句语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running
(run)
is
cheap,
easy
and
it’s
always
energetic.
2．(2017·江苏卷)He
hurried
home,
never
once
looking
back
to
see
if
he
was
being
followed
(follow)．
3．(2017·天津卷)Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
is
regarded
(regard)
as
one
of
the
best
all round
forms
of
exercise.
4．(湖南卷)All
we
need
is
(be)
a
small
piece
of
land
where
we
can
plant
various
kinds
of
fruit
trees
throughout
the
growing
seasons
of
the
year.
5．(江西卷)
It
is
unbelievable
that
Mr.
Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
despite
his
great
wealth.
6．(浙江卷)No
matter
how
bright
a
talker
you
are,
there
are
times
when
it’s
better
to
remain
(remain)
silent.
7．(2019·长春外国语高二期中)Christmas
is
the
most
important
festival
in
the
western
world.
It
falls
(fall)
on
December
25.
8．To
teach
(teach)
the
three
children
is
my
job
this
afternoon,
which
I
have
been
preparing
for
for
three
days.
9．One third
of
the
country
is
covered
with
trees
and
the
majority
of
the
citizens
are
black
people．(be)
10．Tom’s
entering
(enter)
the
classroom
without
permission
made
the
teacher
very
angry.
语法与写作
1．Seen
from
the
plane
(从飞机上看),
the
Antarctic
looks
very
beautiful
(看起来非常美丽)．
2．Reading
English
aloud
(大声朗读英文)
in
the
morning
will
do
you
a
lot
of
good.
3．It
is
no
use
worrying
about
what
might
happen
in
the
future
(担心未来可能发生的事情)．
4．It
is
a
pity
that
(真是遗憾)
you
didn’t
go
to
the
birthday
party
yesterday.
5．What
surprised
me
most
(最使我感到惊讶的)was
that
the
little
girl
could
play
the
violin
so
well.(共23张PPT)
Module
1 Deep
South
it
holds
is
is
covered
to
imagine
Protecting
is
What
is
trapped
sink
主语
动词
Running
was
being
followed
is
regarded
is
It
to
remain
falls
To
teach
is
are
entering
Seen
from
the
plane
looks
very
beautiful
Reading
English
aloud
It
is
a
pity
that
What
surprised
me
most
按ESC键退出全屏播放
本部分内容讲解结束
》语法精讲专项突破
语法透新·专项训练◆(共20张PPT)
in
statement
trapped
balanced
combined
promote
promotion
promoted
from
discouraged
discouraged
discouraging
encouraged
inspiring
inspired
inspiration
tired
tiring
depth
deeply
deep
extreme
extremely
depressing
depressed
depression
极地的
南极洲
降水量；降雨量
重力，地心引力
荒凉的，不适宜居住的
(不断的)竞争
(国家或政府间的)条约，公约
商业的
核的，核能的
(具有)放射性的
救生船
(乘船的)旅行，航行
漂流，漂泊
仪式性的；正式的
刺眼的光
强烈的
太阳镜；墨镜
防晒霜
艰难的，艰巨的
视力；目力
晒伤的
零下
麻木的；失去知觉的
霜；霜冻
衣服；(尤指)某种服装
轻便的；便携的
干净的；不含有害物质的
毫米；千分之一米
日出
日落
日光；白天
孤单的，孤立的
平台
粉；粉末
最少量；最小数
不很昂贵的；适中的
奢侈品
温暖舒适的
宿舍；寝室
(工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
储存，储备
待洗的衣物
紧急情况；突发事情
常规的；普通的
困难的，棘手的
脆弱的；易碎的
娇气的，纤弱的
传说；故事
可靠性
难理解的，晦涩的
亲密的
居住
洞察力，眼光
adapt
to
stand
out
set
foot
on
come
into
sight
break
up
come
up
with
in
case
of
set
foot
on
came
into
sight
in
case
of
come
up
with
adapted
to
resulting
in
a
serious
traffic
confusion
Not
until
I
failed
in
the
exam
did
I
realize
to
go
to
the
office
the
last
to
leave
Being
taken
spoke
have
forgotten
writes
depends
possesses
belonged
按ESC键退出全屏播放
本部分内容讲解结束单句语法填空
1．(浙江卷)Creating
(create)
an
atmosphere
in
which
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
2．(安徽卷)What
we
expect
from
you
is
working
hard
rather
than
hardly
working.
3．Being
exposed
to
sunlight
too
long
harms
(harm)
your
skin.
4．—Haven’t
seen
you
for
ages!
Where
have
you
been
—I
went
to
Ningxia
and
stayed
(stay)
there
for
one
year,
teaching
as
a
volunteer.
5．(北京卷)—What
time
is
it
—I
have
no
idea.But
just
a
minute,
I
will
check
(check)
it
for
you.
6．Cigarette
smoking
is
one
of
the
main
causes
contributing
(contribute)
to
lung
cancer.
7．It
is
hard
to
say
(say)
which
team
will
win,
so
we
have
to
wait
for
the
result
of
the
match
patiently.
8．We
each
have
strong
points
and
each
of
us
on
the
other
hand
has
weak
points．(have)
9．(2019·福建莆田24中高二月考)They
had
been
working
on
the
program
for
almost
one
week
before
I
joined
them,
and
now
we
are
working
on
it
as
no
good
results
have
come
out
so
far．(work)
10．She
was
walking
(walk)
along
the
street
when
suddenly
she
heard
her
name
called
(call)．
阅读理解
Where
should
an
adventurous
tourist
go
After
you’ve
done
sightseeing
in
London,
shopping
in
New
York,
tasted
the
local
food
in
Paris,
and
danced
to
your
heart’s
content
at
the
Brazilian
Carnival，where
else
can
you
go
What
exotic
(异国风情的)
tourist
destination
awaits
you
Well,
Antarctica
sounds
like
the
holiday
of
a
lifetime!
It’s
considered
the
last
great
wilderness
on
Earth.Just
a
few
scientists
in
research
stations
share
the
icy
landscape
with
penguins
and
other
animals
which
can
cope
with
the
low
temperatures.
Tourism
began
in
Antarctica
in
the
1950s
and
it’s
still
a
small
scale.About
37，000
tourists
are
expected
there
this
season,
but
many
won’t
even
leave
the
boat.
The
BBC’s
Juliet
Rix
visited
the
frozen
continent
and
asked
herself
if
she
should
be
there
at
all，causing
potential
problems
to
such
a
sensitive
environment.Her
tour
guide
admitted
that
all
visitors
leave
footprints
and
they
all
go
to
the
same
place,
the
accessible
coastline，which
is
also
where
the
penguins
and
seals
go
to
breed.
But
some
people
believe
that
if
carefully
controlled,
tourism
can
be
good
for
Antarctica.It
has
no
native
population
and
it
needs
advocates.Visitors
to
the
icy
continent
might
be
ready
to
support
and
even
to
fund
its
preservation.And
they’re
likely
to
engage
in
the
discussion
about
global
warming，which
has
led
to
the
melting
of
glaciers.
According
to
Rix,
guidelines
are
followed
when
you’re
about
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica
and
tourists
have
to
disinfect
(为……消毒)
their
boots
to
make
sure
no
alien
species
are
introduced.
And
once
on
land，there’s
no
eating
or
smoking.Rocks，bone
fragments—nothing
should
be
taken
as
a
souvenir
and
nothing
should
be
left
behind.Tourists
fortunate
enough
to
visit
Antarctica
must
be
aware
that
this
is
not
their
home
and
keep
their
fingers
crossed
that
future
generations
will
also
be
able
to
enjoy
such
breathtaking
views.
【解题导语】 游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。
1．According
to
the
second
paragraph，we
can
learn
that________．
A．Antarctica
has
become
the
best
place
for
people
to
travel
B．only
scientists
can
be
allowed
to
go
to
Antarctica
C．Antarctica
is
less
affected
by
human
activities
D．no
animals
can
survive
in
Antarctica
except
penguins
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句话“It’s
considered
the
last
great
wilderness
on
Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。
2．Juliet
Rix’s
travel
in
Antarctica
mentioned
in
the
fourth
paragraph
indicates
that________．
A．governments
should
take
measures
to
stop
tourists
from
going
to
Antarctica
B．whether
tourists
should
go
to
Antarctica
or
not
should
be
considered
carefully
C．the
animals’
habitat
in
Antarctica
has
been
seriously
affected
by
tourism
D．only
journalists
begin
to
pay
attention
to
the
environmental
protection
in
Antarctica
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked
herself
if
she
should
be
there
at
all，causing
potential
problems
to
such
a
sensitive
environment”以及“Her
tour
guide
admitted
that
all
visitors
leave
footprints
and
they
all
go
to
the
same
place”可推知，应认真地考虑一下人们是否应该去南极洲旅游。
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
Rix
A．Tourists
can
eat
and
smoke
in
Antarctica.
B．Tourists
can
take
something
they
like
from
Antarctica.
C．Tourists
can
throw
away
something
they
don’t
need
in
Antarctica.
D．Tourists
can
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery
in
Antarctica.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...there’s
no
eating
or
smoking.Rocks，bone
fragments—nothing
should
be
taken
as
a
souvenir
and
nothing
should
be
left
behind.”可知，A、B、C三项的说法均与原文不符；根据文章结尾处“to
enjoy
such
breathtaking
views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到惊人的景色。
4．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A．Why
Can’t
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
B．How
Can
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
C．Should
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
D．Are
Tourists
Allowed
to
Go
to
Antarctica
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应该不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题，因此C项最适合作标题。
语法填空
A
report
says
about
fifty
million
to
seventy
million
Americans
have
sleep
problems.
It
says
many
more
are
suffering
from
lack
of
sleep.
A
study
has
examined
1._______
we
need
sleep
and
the
effects
of
sleep
loss.
The
study
shows
American
businesses
lose
millions
of
dollars
a
year
because
of
tired
workers.
Some
2.__________
(employ)
are
too
tired
to
report
for
work.
They
have
more
accidents
or
are
3.___________
(little)
productive
at
work.
Other
costs
include
increased
visits
4.__________
doctors.
The
study
finds
that
20%
of
injuries
5.____________
(cause)
by
car
accidents
are
linked
to
sleepy
drivers.
Other
studies
have
linked
poor
sleep
to
a
risk
of
health
problems
like
heart
disease,
depression
and
6.____________
(healthy)
amounts
of
body
fat.
Researchers
say
the
reason
for
this
link
is
unclear.
Many
experts
say
7.______
large
amount
of
sleep
is
as
important
to
health
as
diet
and
exercise.
They
say
most
people
need
seven
to
nine
hours
of
sleep
each
night.
Less
than
that
can
influence
8.__________
mental
and
physical
abilities.
It
can
lead
to
more
serious
problems,
including
severe
sleeplessness.
People
with
this
condition
temporarily
stop
9._________
(breathe)
while
they
sleep.
Researchers
suggest
the
public
10.____________
(inform)
of
the
problem
and
take
steps
to
prevent
sleep
disorders.
【解题导语】 充足的睡眠同饮食和健康一样重要。本文介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。
1．why 解析：考查宾语从句。一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
2．employees 解析：考查名词。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。some
employees“一些员工”。employee“雇员，雇工”；employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。
3．less 解析：考查形容词的比较级。工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
4．to 解析：考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。
5．caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。cause和它所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。
6．unhealthy 解析：考查形容词。其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与像患心脏病这样的健康问题的风险、
(意志)消沉和不健康的体内脂肪含量联系了起来。空处修饰名词amounts且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。
7．a 解析：考查冠词。a
large
amount
of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。
8．both/their 解析：考查代词。少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“……和……”。或结合上文中的“most
people”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。
9．breathing 解析：考查非谓语动词。stop
doing
sth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。
10．(should)
be
informed 解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。另外，the
public与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填
(should)
be
informed。
应用文写作
请根据下列要点写一篇关于南极洲的英语短文并向21世纪英文报投稿。
1．南极洲是一个很多探险家都想要探索的地方，在那里有很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的环境；
2．我想去南极洲看企鹅；
3．此外，我想宣传南极洲的美，并且呼吁每个人都保护它。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Antarctica
is
a
place
many
explorers
want
to
explore,
where
there
is
much
wildlife
that
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
Many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins
and
seals
live
there.
Up
to
now
only
a
small
number
of
scientists
have
visited
there.
In
my
opinion,
exploration
is
interesting
and
challenging.
So
I
desire
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica
to
see
penguins.
In
addition,
I
long
to
promote
its
beauty
and
appeal
to
everyone
to
protect
it.
Maybe
one
day
lots
of
households
will
live
there.
读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Boys
like
to
be
considered
to
be__brave,__but
what
kind
of
things
can
be
considered
to
be
brave
It
is
not
a
question
that
can
be
answered
by
words,
but
by
the
actual
deed.
A
boy
with
the
name
Henry
gave
us
a
good
example.
Ronny
and
Henry
were
two
friends
in
the
same
class.
They
always
played
together
and
went
home
together.
One
day
as
Ronny
and
Henry
were
going
home
after__school,__they
saw
some
people
fighting
in
the
street
corner.
Ronny
said
excitedly，“Some
people
are
fighting!
Let's
go
and
have
a
look！”But
Henry
refused，“It's
none
of
our
business.
We'd
better
go
home
and
don't
get
close
to
them.
Also
our
parents
are
expecting
to
have
dinner
with
us
together
at
home
and
I
don't
want
them
to
worry
about
me.”
“You
are
a
coward,__and
afraid
to
go，”said
Ronny,
and
off
he
ran
to
the
spot
with
some
other
boys.
Henry
had
to
go
home
alone
and
didn't
think
about
it
anymore.
But
Ronny
thought
Henry
was
a
coward
and
told
all
the
boys
that.
They
laughed
at
him
a
great
deal.
From
then
on,
they
looked
down
upon
Henry
and
didn't
want
to
play
with
him.
Henry
was
sad
but
he
wasn't
angry
with
Ronny
for
his__rude__behavior,__because
he
had
learned
that
true__courage__
was
shown
most
in
bearing
misunderstanding
when
it
was
not
deserved,
and
that
he
ought
to
be
afraid
of
nothing
but
doing
wrong.
Thus,
he
just
ignored
the
other
boys'
laughter
and
continued
to
stick__to__his__thought__
and
go
to
school
and
study
as
well.
However,
Ronny
didn't
invite
Henry
to
go
home
with
him
anymore.
Instead,
he
had
his__new__friends
who
also
thought
Henry
was
a
coward.
Every
day
after
school,
they
didn't
go
home
directly
but
went
to__the__river
or
somewhere
to
play
games
and
had
lots
of
fun.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1：
A
few
days
later,
something
terrible
happened
to
Ronny.
__________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
At
that
moment,
Henry
happened
to
pass
by.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Paragraph
1：
A
few
days
later,
something
terrible
happened
to
Ronny.
That
afternoon
after__school,__
Ronny
was
bathing
with
some
of
__his__new__friends
in
the
river
happily.
Suddenly,
he
was
stuck
in
the
mud
and
couldn't
get
out.
He
struggled
hard
but
he
was
still
trapped.
He
screamed
for
help,
but
all
in
vain.
The
boys
who
had
called
Henry
a
coward
got
out
of
the
water
as
fast
as
they
could.
They
were
so
scared
that
they
did
not
even
make
an
attempt
to
help
him.
Paragraph
2：
At
that
moment,
Henry
happened
to
pass
by.
He
heard
the
screams
and
ran
to__the__river
as
soon
as
possible.
Seeing
Ronny
was
almost
drowned,
Henry
took
off
his
clothes
immediately
and
jumped
into
the
water
without
any
hesitation.
He
reached
Ronny
just
as
he
was
sinking
the
last
time.
With
great
effort,
and
with
much
danger
to
himself,
he
brought
Ronny
to
the
shore
in
time.
Henry
was
happy
to
help
his
friend,
though
he
was
extremely
tired.如果把南极比作音乐，它就是莫扎特；比作美术，它就是米开朗基罗；比作文学，它就是莎士比亚。然而它还是比这些更重要——它是地球上唯一一个保持原貌的地方。也许，我们永远都驯服不了它。
Ship
tourism
to
Antarctica
is
on
the
rise：More
than
35，000
tourists
are
expected
to
visit
Antarctica
this
summer.
In
1992－1993,
6，750
tourists
visited
Antarctica，according
to
the
Antarctica
Treaty.
All
of
this
tourism,
however,
is
putting
both
tourists
and
the
environment
in
great
danger.
Among
the
tourist
ships
that
visit
the
continent,
the
Explorer,
a
Canadian
ship,
was
one
of
the
first.Put
to
use
in
1969,
it
was
built
to
carry
tourists
to
Antarctica.
However,
it
became
the
first
commercial
(商业)
passenger
ship
to
sink
beneath
the
waters.
Fortunately,
all
of
the
passengers
and
crew
members
were
rescued
from
the
ship.
However,
the
sunken
ship
endangered
the
Antarctic’s
fragile
(脆弱的)
environment.
The
ship
was
estimated
to
be
holding
48，000
gallons
of
fuel.
As
a
natural
frontier,
Antarctica
is
in
a
messy
legal
situation.
There
are
no
obvious
answers
as
to
who
is
responsible
for
dealing
with
the
threat
that
tourists
may
cause
to
human
life
and
the
environment.
There
is
no
coast
guard
for
Antarctica.
Do
we
want
it
to
become
Disneyland,
or
do
we
need
some
controls
Section
Ⅰ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary—Comprehending
重点单词
写作词汇
1.annual
adj.
每年的
2.state
n.
状态；状况
3.trap
v．
储存，留存
4.mass
n.
块，堆，团
拓展词汇
5.exploration
n．(对某地区的)勘查→explore
v．探险，勘探→explorer
n．探险者
6.depth
n．深度→deep
adj.深的adv.深深地→deeply
adv.深刻地
7.extreme
adj.极端的，极度的→extremely
adv.极其，极端，非常
8.balance
v．使平衡→balanced
adj.平衡的
9.commercial
adj.商业的→commerce
n．商业；贸易
10.promote
v．促进，增进→promotion
n．晋级；增进
阅读词汇
11.polar
adj.
极地的
12.Antarctica
n.
南极洲
13.rainfall
n.
降水量；降雨量
14.gravity
n.
重力，地心引力
15.inhospitable
adj.
荒凉的，不适宜居住的
16.rivalry
n．
(不断的)竞争
17.treaty
n.
(国家或政府间的)条约，公约
18.nuclear
adj.
核的，核能的
19.radioactive
adj.
(具有)放射性的
重点短语
1.close
to
接近于，
几乎
2.on
average
平均
3.adapt
to
(使)适应
4.be
made
up
of
由……组成
5.in
the
form
of
以……的形式
6.stand
out
突出，显眼
7.set
foot
on
进入，到达
8.in
particular
尤其
重点句型
1.“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构：With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero
(年降雨量几乎为零),
Antarctica
is
technically
a
desert.
2.现在分词作原因状语：Covering
about
14
million
square
kilometres
(覆盖了约1
400万平方千米的面积)
around
the
South
Pole,
it
is
the
fifth
largest
continent
in
the
world.
3.现在分词作结果状语：A
high
mountain
range,
the
Trans Antarctic
range,
runs
from
east
to
west,
cutting
the
continent
in
two
(将大洲分为两半).
4.be＋形容词＋to
do
(主动形式表示被动)：Since
most
Antarctic
rocks
are
dark
in
colour,
they
stand
out
against
the
white
background
and
are
easy
to
identify
and
collect
(易于识别和搜集).
5.not
until置于句首，主句要部分倒装：Not
until
the
late
18th
century
did
the
British
explorer
(直到18世纪末，英国探险家)
James
Cook
cross
the
Antarctic
Circle,
but
he
never
saw
land.
Read
the
text
and
match
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.
1．Para.1
A．The
Antarctic
mainland.
2．Para.2
B．The
Antarctic
Treaty.
3．Para.3
C．Plants
and
animals
living
on
Antarctica.
4．Para.4
D．The
discovery
of
Antarctica.
5．Para.5
E．A
great
place
for
scientific
study.
答案：1－5.ACEDB
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1．This
passage
is
mainly
about________．
A．plants
and
animals
of
the
Antarctica
B．the
discovery
of
Antarctica
C．the
Antarctic
Treaty
D．a
general
description
of
the
Antarctica
2．Why
does
the
writer
say
the
Antarctica
is
a
desert
A．Because
there
is
no
plant
here.
B．Because
the
annual
rainfall
here
is
close
to
zero.
C．Because
it
is
the
coldest
place
on
Earth.
D．Because
it
has
strong
wind.
3．What
was
the
aim
to
make
the
treaty
in
1961
A．To
stop
the
use
of
commercial
and
military
affairs.
B．To
prevent
the
research
in
the
Antarctica.
C．To
keep
the
hunters
from
killing
the
penguins.
D．To
avoid
the
war
between
the
advanced
countries.
4．From
the
text,
we
can
know
the
wildlife
in
Antarctica
________．
A．finds
itself
unable
to
adapt
to
the
extreme
conditions
B．can
survive
the
extreme
cold
and
lack
of
rainfall
C．mainly
includes
penguins,
flying
birds,
seals,
trees
and
so
on
D．doesn’t
like
living
in
the
sunlight
答案：1－4.DBAB
Analyze
the
following
difficult
sentences
in
the
text.
1．But
the
long
Antarctic
winter
night,
which
lasts
for
182
days
(the
longest
period
of
continuous
darkness
on
earth),
as
well
as
the
extreme
cold
and
lack
of
rainfall,
means
that
few
types
of
plants
can
survive
there.
eq
\a\vs4\al()
[翻译] 但是南极洲冬天的黑夜长达182天
(地球上持续时间最长的黑暗时期)，气候极度寒冷，降水量极少，这意味着很少有植物能在这里生存。
答案：非限制性定语；宾语
2．Gases
and
minerals,
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
trapped
in
the
ice,
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
what
the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.
eq
\a\vs4\al()
本句为复合句，
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
trapped
in
the
ice为介词短语作________，修饰主语Gases
and
minerals,
其中trapped
in
the
ice为过去分词作__________修饰volcanic
dust,
what
the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages作介词about的________。
[翻译] 以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。
答案：定语；后置定语；宾语
①Antarctica[ n'tɑ ktIk ]n.南极洲
②annual[' nju l]adj.每年的
n．年刊，年鉴
③rainfall['reIn f l]n.降水量；降雨量
④Trans Antarctic
range横贯南极洲的山脉
⑤hold在此处指“拥有”
⑥state[steIt]n.状态；状况
in
a
(n)...state处于一种……状态
⑦permanently
adv.永久地，长期地
⑧on
average通常，按平均值
above/below
average高于/低于平均水平
⑨depth[depθ]n.深度
at
a
depth
of在……深处
in
depth深入地，彻底地
be
out
of
one’s
depth为某人的能力所不及
⑩gravity['ɡr v ti]n.重力，地心引力
inhospitable[ Inh 'spIt bl]
adj.荒凉的，不适宜居住的
hospitable
adj.热情友好的，适宜的，舒适的
adapt
(to)
(使)适应
adapt
oneself
to使自己适应或习惯
extreme[Ik'stri m]adj.极端的，极度的n.极端
extremely
adv.极其，极端，非常
go
to
extremes走极端
in
the
extreme极度，非常
flower['fla ]v.开花
moss[m s]n.藓；苔藓
algae[' ld i ]n.藻类
(植物)
lichen['laIken]n.地衣
as
a
result结果
as
a
result
of作为……的结果
result
from起因于
result
in导致
in
the
form
of以……的形式
(介词短语)
take
the
form
of采取……的形式
(动词短语)
trap[tr p]v.储存，留存
trap的过去式、过去分词、现在分词均要双写p
meteorite['mi ti raIt]n.陨石
outer
space太空，外部空间
(前面无冠词)
contain
v．包含，容纳
extra terrestrial
[ ekstr t 'restri l]adj.
天外的，地球外的
stand
out突出，显眼，出色
outstanding
adj.杰出的，优秀的，出色的
mass[m s]n.块，堆，团
a
mass
of一块，一堆，一团；一大群
masses
of许多的，大量的
balance['b l ns]v.使平衡
exploration[ ekspl 'reI n]n．(对某地区的)勘查
explore
v．勘探，探险，探索
explorer
n．探险家，勘探员
set
foot
on进入，到达
rivalry['raIvlri]n．(不断的)竞争
treaty['tri ti]n．(国家或政府间的)条约，公约
prevent
v．防止，预防
prevent
sb．(from)
doing
sth.防止某人做某事
commercial[k 'm l]adj.
商业的
in
particular
(＝particularly)尤其是，特别是
keep...free
from
使……摆脱
nuclear['nju kli ]adj.核的，核能的
test[test]n.试验
radioactive[ reIdi ' ktIv]adj．(具有)放射性的
promote[pr 'm t]v.促进，增进
represent
v．代表，象征
represent...as把……描绘成
Antarctica①：the
Last
Continent
Antarctica
is
the
coldest
place
on
Earth.
It’s
also
the
driest.
With
annual②
rainfall③
close
to
zero，Antarctica
is
technically
a
desert.
Covering
about
14
million
square
kilometres
around
the
South
Pole,
it
is
the
fifth
largest
continent
in
the
world.A
high
mountain
range,
the
Trans Antarctic
range④，
runs
from
east
to
west,
cutting
the
continent
in
two．There
are
volcanoes
too,
but
they
are
not
very
active.
Antarctica
holds⑤90%
of
the
world’s
ice,
and
most
of
its
fresh
water
(70%)
is
in
a
frozen
state⑥
,
of
course.
98%
of
the
surface
is
covered
permanently⑦
in
the
ice
cap.
On
average⑧
it
is
two
kilometres
thick,
but
in
some
places
it
reaches
a
depth⑨
of
five
kilometres.
Strong
winds
driven
by
gravity⑩
blow
from
the
pole
to
the
coastline,
while
other
winds
blow
round
the
coast.
It
is
difficult
to
imagine
a
more
inhospitable
place.
◆With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero是with复合结构，在句中作原因状语。
◆现在分词短语covering
about
14
million
square...作原因状语。
◆现在分词短语cutting
the
continent
in
two在句中作状语。
◆“百分数或分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式要与of后面的名词的数保持一致。
◆过去分词短语driven
by
gravity作后置定语，修饰Strong
winds。
Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife,
which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
There
are
different
types
of
penguins,
flying
birds,
seals,
and
whales.
But
the
long
Antarctic
winter
night,
which
lasts
for
182
days
(the
longest
period
of
continuous
darkness
on
earth),
as
well
as
the
extreme
cold
and
lack
of
rainfall,
means
that
few
types
of
plants
can
survive
there.
Only
two
types
of
flowering
plants
are
found,
while
there
are
no
trees
on
the
large
continent.
The
rest
of
the
plants
are
made
up
of
mosses ，algae
and
lichen .
Some
forms
of
algae
have
adapted
to
grow
on
ice.
◆which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰wildlife。
◆means用第三人称单数形式，是与as
well
as...前面的主语winter
night保持一致。means后是that引导的宾语从句。
◆while
there
are...中while意为“而，然而”，作并列连词，表示对比。
Most
of
the
ice
has
been
there
for
thousands
of
years.
As
a
result ，
it
has
become
a
window
on
the
past,
and
can
give
researchers
lots
of
useful
information.
Gases
and
minerals,
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
trapped
in
the
ice,
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
what
the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.
Antarctic
rocks
are
also
very
important
for
research.
Most
of
them
are
meteorites
from
outer
space.
One
rock,
known
as
the
“Alien”rock,
may
contain
evidence
of
extra terrestrial
life.
Since
most
Antarctic
rocks
are
dark
in
colour,
they
stand
out
against
the
white
background
and
are
easy
to
identify
and
collect.
◆what
the
world’s
climate
...中what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。
◆过去分词短语known
as
the
“Alien”
rock作后置定语，修饰One
rock。
◆Since
most
Antarctic
rocks
are
dark
in
colour是since引导的原因状语从句。
Antarctica
was
the
last
continent
to
be
discovered.
But
more
than
two
thousand
years
ago
Greek
geographers
believed
that
there
was
a
large
land
mass
in
the
south
which
balanced
the
land
in
the
north.
They
called
it
Anti Arktikos,
or
Antarctica：the
opposite
of
Arctic.When
Europeans
discovered
the
continent
of
America
in
the
15th
century,
the
great
age
of
exploration
began.
However,
progress
to
the
South
Pole
was
slow.
Not
until
the
late
18th
century
did
the
British
explorer
James
Cook
cross
the
Antarctic
Circle,
but
he
never
saw
land.Then
in
1895,
a
Norwegian
called
Carstens
Borchgrevink
became
the
first
man
to
set
foot
on
the
Antarctic
mainland.The
race
to
the
pole
had
begun.
It
was
finally
reached
on
11th
December,
1911
by
the
Norwegian
Roald
Amundsen.
◆动词不定式to
be
discovered作后置定语，修饰the
last
continent。
◆which
balanced
the
land
in
the
north是which引导的定语从句，修饰a
large
land
mass。
◆not
until位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
◆过去分词短语called
Carstens
Borchgrevink作后置定语，修饰a
Norwegian。
Today
scientists
from
many
countries
travel
to
Antarctica
to
study
its
resources.
A
spirit
of
international
friendship
has
replaced
the
rivalry
that
existed
between
many
of
the
earlier
explorers.
In
1961,
a
treaty
signed
by
12
countries,
including
Britain,
France,
and
the
USA,
made
Antarctica
the
world’s
biggest
nature
reserve.
The
aim
of
the
treaty
is
to
prevent
the
commercial
and
military
use
of
the
continent.
In
particular
，
it
aims
to
keep
Antarctica
free
from
nuclear
tests
and
radioactive
waste;
to
promote
international
scientific
projects;
and
to
end
arguments
about
who
owns
the
land.
Today
countries
representing
80%
of
the
world’s
population
have
signed
the
treaty.
Antarctica
has
become
perhaps
the
most
successful
symbol
of
man’s
efforts
to
work
together
for
progress
and
peace.
◆that
existed
between
many
of
the
earlier
explorers是that引导的定语从句，修饰the
rivalry。
◆过去分词短语signed
by
12
countries作后置定语，修饰a
treaty。
◆动词不定式短语to
prevent
the
commercial
and
military
use
...在句中作表语。
◆who
owns
the
land是who引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。
◆现在分词短语representing...作后置定语，修饰countries。
南极洲：最后
(一个被发现)的大洲
南极洲是地球上最冷的地方，同时也是最干燥的地方。南极洲年降水量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。南极洲覆盖了南极圈周围约1
400万平方千米的面积，是世界第五大洲。一条横贯南极洲的高大山脉从东到西将南极洲分为两半。南极洲也有火山，但并不十分活跃。
南极洲拥有世界90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水
(70%)都处于一种冰冻状态。
南极洲98%的地表永久地被冰盖覆盖。冰层平均厚度为2
000米，但某些地方厚度可以达到5
000米。受地球重力影响，会有暴风从极地吹向海岸，同时也有其他方向吹来的风。很难想象地球上还有比南极洲条件更为恶劣的地方了。
但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了这里极其恶劣的条件。这里有不同种类的企鹅、飞禽、海豹以及鲸。但是南极洲冬天的黑夜长达182天
(地球上持续时间最长的黑暗时期)，气候极度寒冷，降水量极少，这意味着很少有植物能在这里生存。仅发现了两种开花类植物，而这片大陆上没有树木生长。其他的植物也就是一些苔藓、海藻以及地衣。有些藻类已经适应了在冰上生长。
南极洲大部分的冰已经有成千上万年的历史了。因此，它已经变成了人们了解过去的窗口，可以给研究者提供大量有用的信息。以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。南极洲的岩石对于研究来说也很重要。它们大部分是来自太空的陨石。其中有一块叫做“外星”的岩石，或许能够证明地球以外生命的存在。因为南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就易于识别和搜集。
南极洲是最后一个被发现的大洲。但在两千多年以前，希腊的地理学家就认为在南边有一大块与北边的陆地相平衡的大陆。他们称之为Anti Arktikos或者Antarctica，意为“与北极相反的”。在15世纪欧洲人发现了美洲以后，一个伟大的探险的时代也随之开始了。然而，到达南极洲的步伐却始终非常慢。直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。奔赴南极的竞赛开始了。最终一名挪威人罗尔德·阿蒙森于1911年12月11日到达南极。
当今，来自许多国家的科学家到南极洲去研究其资源。一种国际友谊已经代替了存在于许多早期探险家之间的相互竞争。1961年，由包括英国、法国和美国在内的12个国家签署的一份条约，使南极洲变成了世界上最大的自然保护区。条约的目的是防止在商业以及军事上使用这个洲。该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。今天代表世界人口80%的国家已经签署了这份条约。南极洲或许已经成为人类为了进步与和平而共同努力的最成功的标志。
阅读理解
A
Antarctic
seabirds
are
breeding
(繁殖)
later，because
thinner
sea
ice
is
causing
their
food
supplies
to
decline，a
new
study
says.
The
birds，which
nest
in
East
Antarctica，have
delayed
their
spring
arrival
by
an
average
of
nine
days
and
egg laying
by
an
average
of
two
days
over
the
past
50
years，according
to
polar
researchers
from
the
French
National
Center
for
Scientific
Research
in
Villiers
en
Bois,
France.
Study
authors
Christophe
Barbrand
and
Henri
Weimerskirch
attribute
this
later
breeding
activity
to
decrease
in
sea
ice
caused
by
climate
change.
The
researchers
say
the
disappearing
sea
ice，combined
with
a
longer
sea ice
season,
has
interfered
with
the
birds’
breeding
cycle
by
reducing
the
amount
of
krill
(磷虾)
and
other
prey
(猎物)
available
in
early
spring
in
Antarctica.
Because
Antarctica’s
seasons
are
opposite
those
in
the
Northern
Hemisphere，spring
on
the
icy
continent
begins
in
October.
The
study
is
based
on
data
collected
at
seabird
colonies
between
1950
and
2004
in
Adélie
Land,
on
the
eastern
edge
of
the
frozen
continent.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Proceedings
of
the
National
Academy
of
Sciences.
Of
the
nine
species
studied,
some
arrived
up
to
30
days
later
than
they
had
in
previous
years.
Despite
much
later
arrivals,
the
birds
are
laying
their
eggs
at
pretty
much
the
same
time
as
they
had
in
the
past.
In
the
most
extreme
cases,
birds
were
laying
their
eggs
an
average
of
3.7
days
later
in
the
season
than
they
were
50
years
ago.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了生活在南极洲东部的海鸟推迟繁殖的原因。
1．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about
A．Seabirds
are
breeding
later
in
East
Antarctica.
B．The
amount
of
krill
in
the
ocean
has
decreased.
C．The
weather
in
Antarctica
has
changed.
D．The
spring
in
Antarctica
is
beginning
later.
A 解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍的是现在生活在南极洲东部的海鸟的繁殖期由于气候变化而延后。
2．In
which
of
the
following
months
is
it
autumn
in
Antarctica
A．October.
B．September.
C．November.
D．June.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可推知南极6月应是秋天。
3．How
many
kinds
of
seabirds
were
studied
by
the
researchers
A．Two.
B．Five.
C．Nine.
D．Thirty.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知研究了九种鸟。
4．What
does
the
underlined
word
“attribute”
in
Paragraph
1
mean
A．It
means
“contribute”.
B．It
means
“cause”．
C．It
means
“owe”.
D．It
means
“devote”．
C 解析：词义猜测题。研究者认为这种推迟的生育行为是由于气候变化导致的海冰减少而引起的。attribute...to...“把……归因于……”，C项与之相符。
B
(2019·陕西高二检测)Whenever
I
hear
a
recording
of
John
Denver
singing
“Sunshine
on
My
Shoulders”，
I
find
myself
smiling,
drawn
to
a
love
of
the
sun
and
the
outdoors
I’ve
had
for
years
as
a
Michigan
native.
Walking
barefoot
to
the
lake,
playing
without
shirts
in
the
sunlight,
and
breathing
fresh
air
feel
good.
As
a
doctor
I
can
tell
you
they
are
also
good
for
your
heart.
Studies
have
found
higher
rates
of
high
blood
pressure
among
people
with
the
lowest
sun
exposure.
One
reason
may
be
due
to
nitric
oxide
(一氧化氮),
a
gas
whose
function
is
activated
when
your
skin
is
exposed
to
the
sun’s
rays.
It
reduces
both
heart
attack
and
stroke
risks.
Vitamin
D,
which
sunlight
helps
your
body
produce,
is
also
linked
to
better
health.
So
walk
outdoors
for
15
to
30
minutes
daily.
In
Japan,
walking
through
forests
to
keep
healthy
has
become
a
popular
practice.
Apparently
they
want
to
enjoy
the
fresh
air.
But
research
on
280
volunteers
found
that
people
had
a
reduced
heart
rate,
and
lower
blood
pressure
when
they
walked
through
a
forest
than
when
they
spent
time
in
an
urban
area.
One
of
the
consequences
of
modern
society
is
that
rarely
is
our
body
in
direct
contact
with
the
ground.
The
earth
has
an
electrical
current.
Direct
contact
with
it
may
be
stabilizing
force
for
good
health.
Although“earthing”or
“grounding”
is
considered
alternative
by
mainstream
medicine,
research
shows
that
the
practice
seems
to
be
able
to
reduce
heart
disease
risks.
So,
walk
around
barefoot
wherever
possible,
let
your
backyard
grass
tickle
your
feet,
and
dig
your
toes
into
sandy
beaches.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。
5．The
first
paragraph
is
meant
to
________．
A．show
the
author
likes
the
song
very
much
B．put
forward
the
argument
of
the
passage
C．suggest
that
the
author
loves
nature
crazily
D．indicate
the
author
is
a
Michigan
native
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是提出文章的论点。
6．Sunbathing’s
good
for
heart
because
________．
A．the
sun’s
rays
make
nitric
oxide
work
B．sunlight
can
help
people
keep
warm
C．the
sun’s
rays
can
help
replace
vitamin
D
D．vitamin
D
reduces
blood
circulation
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One
reason
may
be
due
to
nitric
oxide
(一氧化氮),
a
gas
whose
function
is
activated
when
your
skin
is
exposed
to
the
sun’s
rays.
It
reduces
both
heart
attack
and
stroke
risks.”描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。
7．It’s
believed
that
walking
through
forests
can
________．
A．make
people
popular
B．help
breathe
in
fresh
air
C．reduce
blood
pressure
D．help
escape
noisy
cities
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“But
research
on
280
volunteers
found
that
people
had
a
reduced
heart
rate,
and
lower
blood
pressure
when
they
walked
through
a
forest
than
when
they
spent
time
in
an
urban
area.”描述可知，人们普遍认为在森林散步可以降低血压。
8．The
best
title
of
the
passage
should
be
________．
A．Nitric
Oxide
Has
Magic
Functions
B．Walking
Barefoot
Builds
the
Body
C．Sunbathing
Is
Good
for
Health
D．Outdoor
Activities
Benefit
the
Heart
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walking
barefoot...for
your
heart.”及最后一段可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。
完形填空
Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.
I
had
a
1
job
that
paid
the
bills;
I
had
a
good
family
that
I
was
close
to,
and
I
had
a
place
to
live
and
money
in
the
bank
for
trips
and
2
，
and
there
was
nothing
much
wrong
in
my
life.
3
，
I
was
bored.
I
wanted
more.
I
wanted
to
live
4
and
loudly
and
make
sharp
memories
instead
of
the
5
ones
of
everyday
life.
But
I
was
6
.
I
had
never
had
any
7
in
myself.
As
a
child,
even
buying
something
in
a
shop
caused
me
a
great
deal
of
8
，
and
even
though
I
did
get
better
as
I
got
older,
I
never
quite
9
that
childhood
shyness.
And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.
I
also
took
tiny
steps
leading
to
my
goals.
But
none
of
them
really
10
．
So
I
11
that
the
small
steps
weren’t
enough.
I
signed
up
for
an
internship
(实习期)
of
teaching
English
in
Vietnam,
an
12
huge
step,
one
that
13
me
as
much
as
it
excited
me.
And
then
the
day
came
and
I
left
my
home
and
my
loved
ones.
I
was
alone
in
a
country
where
the
food
was
14
and
the
streets
were
unfamiliar.
I
had
no
idea
whether
I
would
be
able
to
15
everything
that
this
very
strange
environment
would
16
at
me.
I
spent
five
months
in
Vietnam,
teaching,
exploring
and
laughing.
I’d
learned
to
17
myself,
my
skills,
my
abilities
and
my
decisions.
I
returned
home
18
，
even
to
myself,
let
alone
to
others.
The
19
that
had
controlled
my
life
and
the
self doubt
were
20
．
That
one
big
chance
changed
everything
for
me,
and
in
me.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
1．A.stable
B．temporary
C．difficult
D．demanding
A 解析：根据上文中的“Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。
2．A.tips
B．rewards
C．treats
D．fines
C 解析：根据空前的“money
in
the
bank
for
trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。
3．A.Thus
B．Instead
C．Otherwise
D．However
D 解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。thus“因此”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。
4．A.easily
B．brightly
C．peacefully
D．modestly
B 解析：根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满生气
(brightly)。
5．A.bitter
B．clear
C．grey
D．sweet
C 解析：根据上文中的“I
was
bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的
(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make
sharp
memories”相呼应。
6．A.proud
B．innocent
C．outgoing
D．afraid
D 解析：根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood
shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧。
7．A.pride
B．confidence
C．interest
D．shame
B 解析：根据下文中的“even
buying
something
in
a
shop
caused
me
a
great
deal
of
______”和“childhood
shyness”可推知，作者一直以来都对自己缺乏信心
(confidence)，与下文中的“And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.”相呼应。
8．A.stress
B．excitement
C．confusion
D．surprise
A 解析：根据空后的“even
though
I
did
get
better
as
I
got
older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担
(stress)。
9．A.added
to
B．talked
about
C．got
over
D．suffered
from
C 解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服
(got
over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
10．A.continued
B．survived
C．failed
D．helped
D 解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关
(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事
(helped)。
11．A.figured
B．promised
C．predicted
D．disagreed
A 解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为
(figured)小的措施是不够的。
12．A.equally
B．impossibly
C．unnecessarily
D．occasionally
B 解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。
13．A.ignored
B．impressed
C．annoyed
D．terrified
D 解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕
(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。
14．A.nice
B．colorful
C．strange
D．inadequate
C 解析：由下文中的“the
streets
were
unfamiliar”和“this
very
strange
environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生
(strange)。
15．A.doubt
B．handle
C．quit
D．obtain
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付
(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛
(throw)给自己的一切。
16．A.point
B．throw
C．shout
D．aim
B 解析：参见上题解析。throw
at“朝……扔”。
17．A.trust
B．enjoy
C．excuse
D．forgive
A 解析：与上文中的“And
I
tried
everything,
like
reading
books
about
confidence.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了相信自己。
18．A.unconcerned
B．unsatisfied
C．unchangeable
D．unrecognizable
D 解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。
19．A.fear
B．respect
C．courage
D．anger
A 解析：由空后的“controlled
my
life”和“the
self doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕
(fear)控制，与上文中的“that
childhood
shyness”呼应。
20．A.picked
up
B．forgotten
about
C．worn
off
D．put
off
C 解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失
(worn
off)。Section
Ⅴ Writing
介绍一个地方
eq
\a\vs4\al()
文体感知
介绍一个地方属于说明文的范畴。此类说明文就是要介绍某一地方的风景、人文、地理、历史等方面的信息。一般分三个层次：
1．介绍该地区的位置；
2．介绍详细情况，如气候、温度、人口、动植物特点等；
3．阐述自己的观点及建议。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
增分佳句
1....be
located/situated
in.../...lie
in.../...be
surrounded
by...
2．It
covers
an
area
of
about/over...square
kilometres./Its
area
is...square
kilometres.
3．It
has
a
population
of
about/over.../Its
population
is...
4....is
a
large
country
with
a
long
history
and
a
large
population.
5．The
climate
is
pleasant.
The
average
temperature
is...
The
coldest
months
are...
6．Although
there
are
no
humans
living
there,
it
is
rich
in
iron,
coal,
gas
and
other
natural
resources.
7．It
has
many
places
of
interest
such
as...,
which
make
the
city
a
tourist
attraction
both
at
home
and
abroad.
8．One third
of
the
island
is
covered
with
forest.
9．It
is
appealing
to
more
and
more
tourists
from
all
over
the
world.
10．It
can
leave
a
deep
impression
on
my
friends.
eq
\a\vs4\al()
写作模板
It
is
well
known
that
________
is
a
beautiful
place.
It
is
located
in
________
(地点).
I
would
like
to
show
________
around.
Reasons
for
this
can
be
listed
as
follows.
To
begin
with,
________
(介绍具体景点的其中一个特点)．Furthermore，____________
(介绍具体景点的另一个特点).
To
sum
up,
it
is
for
sure
that
___________
(最大特点)
will
leave
a
deep
impression
on
my
friends.
It
is
appealing
to
more
and
more
tourists
from
all
over
the
world.
eq
\a\vs4\al()
写作要求
请根据下面的提示，以“Antarctica”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。主要内容如下：
1．南极洲在地球的最南端；
2．它的面积大约为1
400万平方千米；
3．它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆盖；
4．它的自然资源有铁、煤等；生存的动物有企鹅、鲸等；
5．目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里。
eq
\a\vs4\al()
审题谋篇
体裁
说明文
时态
一般现在时
主题
介绍南极洲
人称
第三人称
结构
第一部分：概括南极的地理位置；第二部分：介绍南极的占地面积、特点、生存的动物和自然资源；第三部分：说明目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里，将来有一天也许会有很多住户生活在那里
eq
\a\vs4\al()
词汇推敲
1．最南端
extreme
south
2．位于
lie
in
3．在……方面丰富
be
rich
in
4．目前
up
to
now
5．适应……
adapt
to
6．包括
including
eq
\a\vs4\al()
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①南极洲位于地球的最南端，它是世界上最寒冷的大洲。
Antarctica
lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth.
It
is
the
coldest
continent
in
the
world.
②它的面积大约有1
400万平方千米，常年有冰雪覆盖。
It
covers
an
area
of
about
14
million
square
kilometres.
It
is
covered
with
cold
thick
ice
and
deep
snow
all
year
long.
③它拥有许多众所周知的动物如企鹅、鲸鱼和海豹。他们已经适应了它的极端条件。
It
has
many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins,
whales
and
seals.
They
have
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions．
2．句式升级
④用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句①
Antarctica,
which
is
the
coldest
continent
in
the
world,
lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth.
⑤用v. ing形式作状语升级句②
Covering
an
area
of
about
14
million
square
kilometres,
it
is
covered
with
cold
thick
ice
and
deep
snow
all
year
long.
⑥用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句③
It
has
many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins,
whales
and
seals,
which
have
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
eq
\a\vs4\al()
妙笔成篇
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Antarctica
Antarctica,
which
is
the
coldest
continent
in
the
world,
lies
in
the
extreme
south
of
the
earth.
Covering
an
area
of
about
14
million
square
kilometres,
it
is
covered
with
cold
thick
ice
and
deep
snow
all
year
long.
However,
it
is
a
very
rich
continent.
It
has
many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins,
whales
and
seals,
which
have
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
What’s
more,
it
is
rich
in
mineral
resources
including
iron,
coal
and
so
on.
Up
to
now
only
some
visiting
scientists
live
there.
Maybe
one
day
lots
of
households
will
live
there.
根据下文提示，介绍东方明珠广播电视塔
(the
Oriental
Pearl
TV
Tower)。
1．东方明珠广播电视塔位于黄浦江畔；1994年基本建成；1995年5月1日正式启用；
2．亚洲最高建筑之一；
3．由三个大球和五个小球组成；在球内可以俯瞰上海。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version:
Located
on
the
Huangpu
River,
the
Oriental
Pearl
TV
Tower
is
now
the
symbol
of
the
city
of
Shanghai.
It
attracts
many
tourists
from
all
over
the
world
every
day.
Built
in
1994
and
opened
to
the
public
in
1995,
it
is
one
of
the
highest
buildings
in
Asia.
The
Tower
has
a
quite
unique
structure
and
consists
of
3
large
and
5
small
balls,
inside
which
the
tourists
can
have
a
bird’s eye
view
of
the
city.
It
is
such
an
exciting
unity
of
art
and
technology
as
well
as
architectural
conception
and
structural
design
that
it
makes
a
great
contribution
to
the
architecture
world.
单句语法填空
1．(浙江卷)Creating
(create)
an
atmosphere
in
which
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
2．(安徽卷)What
we
expect
from
you
is
working
hard
rather
than
hardly
working.
3．Being
exposed
to
sunlight
too
long
harms
(harm)
your
skin.
4．—Haven’t
seen
you
for
ages!
Where
have
you
been
—I
went
to
Ningxia
and
stayed
(stay)
there
for
one
year,
teaching
as
a
volunteer.
5．(北京卷)—What
time
is
it
—I
have
no
idea.But
just
a
minute,
I
will
check
(check)
it
for
you.
6．Cigarette
smoking
is
one
of
the
main
causes
contributing
(contribute)
to
lung
cancer.
7．It
is
hard
to
say
(say)
which
team
will
win,
so
we
have
to
wait
for
the
result
of
the
match
patiently.
8．We
each
have
strong
points
and
each
of
us
on
the
other
hand
has
weak
points．(have)
9．(2019·福建莆田24中高二月考)They
had
been
working
on
the
program
for
almost
one
week
before
I
joined
them,
and
now
we
are
working
on
it
as
no
good
results
have
come
out
so
far．(work)
10．She
was
walking
(walk)
along
the
street
when
suddenly
she
heard
her
name
called
(call)．
阅读理解
Where
should
an
adventurous
tourist
go
After
you’ve
done
sightseeing
in
London,
shopping
in
New
York,
tasted
the
local
food
in
Paris,
and
danced
to
your
heart’s
content
at
the
Brazilian
Carnival，where
else
can
you
go
What
exotic
(异国风情的)
tourist
destination
awaits
you
Well,
Antarctica
sounds
like
the
holiday
of
a
lifetime!
It’s
considered
the
last
great
wilderness
on
Earth.Just
a
few
scientists
in
research
stations
share
the
icy
landscape
with
penguins
and
other
animals
which
can
cope
with
the
low
temperatures.
Tourism
began
in
Antarctica
in
the
1950s
and
it’s
still
a
small
scale.About
37，000
tourists
are
expected
there
this
season,
but
many
won’t
even
leave
the
boat.
The
BBC’s
Juliet
Rix
visited
the
frozen
continent
and
asked
herself
if
she
should
be
there
at
all，causing
potential
problems
to
such
a
sensitive
environment.Her
tour
guide
admitted
that
all
visitors
leave
footprints
and
they
all
go
to
the
same
place,
the
accessible
coastline，which
is
also
where
the
penguins
and
seals
go
to
breed.
But
some
people
believe
that
if
carefully
controlled,
tourism
can
be
good
for
Antarctica.It
has
no
native
population
and
it
needs
advocates.Visitors
to
the
icy
continent
might
be
ready
to
support
and
even
to
fund
its
preservation.And
they’re
likely
to
engage
in
the
discussion
about
global
warming，which
has
led
to
the
melting
of
glaciers.
According
to
Rix,
guidelines
are
followed
when
you’re
about
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica
and
tourists
have
to
disinfect
(为……消毒)
their
boots
to
make
sure
no
alien
species
are
introduced.
And
once
on
land，there’s
no
eating
or
smoking.Rocks，bone
fragments—nothing
should
be
taken
as
a
souvenir
and
nothing
should
be
left
behind.Tourists
fortunate
enough
to
visit
Antarctica
must
be
aware
that
this
is
not
their
home
and
keep
their
fingers
crossed
that
future
generations
will
also
be
able
to
enjoy
such
breathtaking
views.
【解题导语】 游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。
1．According
to
the
second
paragraph，we
can
learn
that________．
A．Antarctica
has
become
the
best
place
for
people
to
travel
B．only
scientists
can
be
allowed
to
go
to
Antarctica
C．Antarctica
is
less
affected
by
human
activities
D．no
animals
can
survive
in
Antarctica
except
penguins
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句话“It’s
considered
the
last
great
wilderness
on
Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。
2．Juliet
Rix’s
travel
in
Antarctica
mentioned
in
the
fourth
paragraph
indicates
that________．
A．governments
should
take
measures
to
stop
tourists
from
going
to
Antarctica
B．whether
tourists
should
go
to
Antarctica
or
not
should
be
considered
carefully
C．the
animals’
habitat
in
Antarctica
has
been
seriously
affected
by
tourism
D．only
journalists
begin
to
pay
attention
to
the
environmental
protection
in
Antarctica
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked
herself
if
she
should
be
there
at
all，causing
potential
problems
to
such
a
sensitive
environment”以及“Her
tour
guide
admitted
that
all
visitors
leave
footprints
and
they
all
go
to
the
same
place”可推知，应认真地考虑一下人们是否应该去南极洲旅游。
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
Rix
A．Tourists
can
eat
and
smoke
in
Antarctica.
B．Tourists
can
take
something
they
like
from
Antarctica.
C．Tourists
can
throw
away
something
they
don’t
need
in
Antarctica.
D．Tourists
can
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery
in
Antarctica.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...there’s
no
eating
or
smoking.Rocks，bone
fragments—nothing
should
be
taken
as
a
souvenir
and
nothing
should
be
left
behind.”可知，A、B、C三项的说法均与原文不符；根据文章结尾处“to
enjoy
such
breathtaking
views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到惊人的景色。
4．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
of
this
passage
A．Why
Can’t
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
B．How
Can
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
C．Should
Tourists
Go
to
Antarctica
D．Are
Tourists
Allowed
to
Go
to
Antarctica
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应该不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题，因此C项最适合作标题。
语法填空
A
report
says
about
fifty
million
to
seventy
million
Americans
have
sleep
problems.
It
says
many
more
are
suffering
from
lack
of
sleep.
A
study
has
examined
1._______
we
need
sleep
and
the
effects
of
sleep
loss.
The
study
shows
American
businesses
lose
millions
of
dollars
a
year
because
of
tired
workers.
Some
2.__________
(employ)
are
too
tired
to
report
for
work.
They
have
more
accidents
or
are
3.___________
(little)
productive
at
work.
Other
costs
include
increased
visits
4.__________
doctors.
The
study
finds
that
20%
of
injuries
5.____________
(cause)
by
car
accidents
are
linked
to
sleepy
drivers.
Other
studies
have
linked
poor
sleep
to
a
risk
of
health
problems
like
heart
disease,
depression
and
6.____________
(healthy)
amounts
of
body
fat.
Researchers
say
the
reason
for
this
link
is
unclear.
Many
experts
say
7.______
large
amount
of
sleep
is
as
important
to
health
as
diet
and
exercise.
They
say
most
people
need
seven
to
nine
hours
of
sleep
each
night.
Less
than
that
can
influence
8.__________
mental
and
physical
abilities.
It
can
lead
to
more
serious
problems,
including
severe
sleeplessness.
People
with
this
condition
temporarily
stop
9._________
(breathe)
while
they
sleep.
Researchers
suggest
the
public
10.____________
(inform)
of
the
problem
and
take
steps
to
prevent
sleep
disorders.
【解题导语】 充足的睡眠同饮食和健康一样重要。本文介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。
1．why 解析：考查宾语从句。一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
2．employees 解析：考查名词。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。some
employees“一些员工”。employee“雇员，雇工”；employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。
3．less 解析：考查形容词的比较级。工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
4．to 解析：考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。
5．caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。cause和它所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。
6．unhealthy 解析：考查形容词。其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与像患心脏病这样的健康问题的风险、
(意志)消沉和不健康的体内脂肪含量联系了起来。空处修饰名词amounts且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。
7．a 解析：考查冠词。a
large
amount
of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。
8．both/their 解析：考查代词。少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“……和……”。或结合上文中的“most
people”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。
9．breathing 解析：考查非谓语动词。stop
doing
sth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。
10．(should)
be
informed 解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。另外，the
public与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填
(should)
be
informed。
应用文写作
请根据下列要点写一篇关于南极洲的英语短文并向21世纪英文报投稿。
1．南极洲是一个很多探险家都想要探索的地方，在那里有很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的环境；
2．我想去南极洲看企鹅；
3．此外，我想宣传南极洲的美，并且呼吁每个人都保护它。
注意：词数80左右。
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One
possible
version：
Antarctica
is
a
place
many
explorers
want
to
explore,
where
there
is
much
wildlife
that
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
Many
well known
animals
such
as
penguins
and
seals
live
there.
Up
to
now
only
a
small
number
of
scientists
have
visited
there.
In
my
opinion,
exploration
is
interesting
and
challenging.
So
I
desire
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica
to
see
penguins.
In
addition,
I
long
to
promote
its
beauty
and
appeal
to
everyone
to
protect
it.
Maybe
one
day
lots
of
households
will
live
there.
读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Boys
like
to
be
considered
to
be__brave,__but
what
kind
of
things
can
be
considered
to
be
brave
It
is
not
a
question
that
can
be
answered
by
words,
but
by
the
actual
deed.
A
boy
with
the
name
Henry
gave
us
a
good
example.
Ronny
and
Henry
were
two
friends
in
the
same
class.
They
always
played
together
and
went
home
together.
One
day
as
Ronny
and
Henry
were
going
home
after__school,__they
saw
some
people
fighting
in
the
street
corner.
Ronny
said
excitedly，“Some
people
are
fighting!
Let's
go
and
have
a
look！”But
Henry
refused，“It's
none
of
our
business.
We'd
better
go
home
and
don't
get
close
to
them.
Also
our
parents
are
expecting
to
have
dinner
with
us
together
at
home
and
I
don't
want
them
to
worry
about
me.”
“You
are
a
coward,__and
afraid
to
go，”said
Ronny,
and
off
he
ran
to
the
spot
with
some
other
boys.
Henry
had
to
go
home
alone
and
didn't
think
about
it
anymore.
But
Ronny
thought
Henry
was
a
coward
and
told
all
the
boys
that.
They
laughed
at
him
a
great
deal.
From
then
on,
they
looked
down
upon
Henry
and
didn't
want
to
play
with
him.
Henry
was
sad
but
he
wasn't
angry
with
Ronny
for
his__rude__behavior,__because
he
had
learned
that
true__courage__
was
shown
most
in
bearing
misunderstanding
when
it
was
not
deserved,
and
that
he
ought
to
be
afraid
of
nothing
but
doing
wrong.
Thus,
he
just
ignored
the
other
boys'
laughter
and
continued
to
stick__to__his__thought__
and
go
to
school
and
study
as
well.
However,
Ronny
didn't
invite
Henry
to
go
home
with
him
anymore.
Instead,
he
had
his__new__friends
who
also
thought
Henry
was
a
coward.
Every
day
after
school,
they
didn't
go
home
directly
but
went
to__the__river
or
somewhere
to
play
games
and
had
lots
of
fun.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1：
A
few
days
later,
something
terrible
happened
to
Ronny.
__________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
At
that
moment,
Henry
happened
to
pass
by.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Paragraph
1：
A
few
days
later,
something
terrible
happened
to
Ronny.
That
afternoon
after__school,__
Ronny
was
bathing
with
some
of
__his__new__friends
in
the
river
happily.
Suddenly,
he
was
stuck
in
the
mud
and
couldn't
get
out.
He
struggled
hard
but
he
was
still
trapped.
He
screamed
for
help,
but
all
in
vain.
The
boys
who
had
called
Henry
a
coward
got
out
of
the
water
as
fast
as
they
could.
They
were
so
scared
that
they
did
not
even
make
an
attempt
to
help
him.
Paragraph
2：
At
that
moment,
Henry
happened
to
pass
by.
He
heard
the
screams
and
ran
to__the__river
as
soon
as
possible.
Seeing
Ronny
was
almost
drowned,
Henry
took
off
his
clothes
immediately
and
jumped
into
the
water
without
any
hesitation.
He
reached
Ronny
just
as
he
was
sinking
the
last
time.
With
great
effort,
and
with
much
danger
to
himself,
he
brought
Ronny
to
the
shore
in
time.
Henry
was
happy
to
help
his
friend,
though
he
was
extremely
tired.(共50张PPT)
Module
1 Deep
South
Module
1 Deep
South
Module
1 Deep
South
Module
1 Deep
South
Module
1 Deep
South
Module
1 Deep
South
annual
state
trap
mass
exploration
depth
extreme
balance
commercial
promote
极地的
南极洲
降水量；降雨量
重力，地心引力
荒凉的，不适宜居住的
(不断的)竞争
(国家或政府间的)条约，公约
核的，核能的
(具有)放射性的
close
to
on
average
adapt
to
be
made
up
of
in
the
form
of
stand
out
set
foot
on
in
particular
With
annual
rainfall
close
to
zero
Covering
about
14
million
square
kilometres
cutting
the
continent
in
two
are
easy
to
identify
and
collect
century
did
the
British
explorer
Not
until
the
late
18th
按ESC键退出全屏播放
本部分内容讲解结束Section
Ⅲ Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner
重点单词
写作词汇
1.via
prep.
经由，取道
2.trap
v.
使陷入困境
3.crew
n．
(全体)船员
4.privilege
n.
荣幸
拓展词汇
5.abnormal
adj.不正常的，反常的→normal
adj.正常的(反义词)
6.absence
n．缺乏；没有→absent
adj.缺席的；缺少的
7.tiresome
adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的→tire
v．(使)感到累；(使)厌烦→tiring
adj.使人疲劳的→tired
adj.疲劳的；厌烦的
8.depressing
adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depress
v．使沮丧；使萧条→depressed
adj.沮丧的；抑郁的→depression
n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)
9.discourage
v．阻止；打消……的念头→encourage
v．鼓励(反义词)→discouraging
adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged
adj.灰心的；沮丧的
10.inspiration
n．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire
v．鼓励；激励→inspiring
adj.鼓舞人心的
阅读词汇
11.lifeboat
n．
救生船
12.voyage
n.
(乘船的)旅行，航行
13.drift
v.
漂流，漂泊
14.ceremonial
adj.
仪式性的；正式的
15.glare
n.
刺眼的光
16.intense
adj.
强烈的
17.sunglasses
n.
太阳镜；墨镜
18.suncream
n.
防晒霜
19.severe
adj.
艰难的，艰巨的
20.eyesight
n.
视力；目力
21.sunburnt
adj.
晒伤的
22.minus
prep.
零下
23.numb
adj.
麻木的；失去知觉的
24.frost
n.
霜；霜冻
25.clothing
n.
衣服；(尤指)某种服装
26.portable
adj.
轻便的；便携的
27.pure
adj.
干净的；不含有害物质的
28.millimetre
n.
毫米；千分之一米
29.sunrise
n.
日出
30.sunset
n.
日落
31.daylight
n.
日光；白天
32.isolated
adj.
孤单的，孤立的
33.platform
n.
平台
34.powder
n.
粉；粉末
35.minimum
adj.
最少量；最小数
36.modest
adj.
不很昂贵的；适中的
37.luxury
n.
奢侈品
38.cosy
adj.
温暖舒适的
39.dormitory
n.
宿舍；寝室
40.canteen
n.
(工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
41.stock
v.
储存，储备
42.laundry
n.
待洗的衣物
43.emergency
n.
紧急情况；突发事情
44.conventional
adj.
常规的；普通的
45.tricky
adj.
困难的，棘手的
46.fragile
adj.
脆弱的；易碎的
47.delicate
adj.
娇气的，纤弱的
48.tale
n.
传说；故事
49.reliability
n.
可靠性
50.obscure
adj.
难理解的，晦涩的
51.intimate
adj.
亲密的
52.inhabit
v.
居住
53.insight
n.
洞察力，眼光
重点短语
1.come
into
sight
进入视野，看得见
2.break
up
打碎；分裂；分手；(使)结束；放假
3.come
up
with
想出
4.take
a
risk
冒险
5.keep
one’s
promise
遵守诺言
6.discourage
sb.from
doing
sth.
阻止某人做某事
7.in
case
of
如果；假使
8.set
off
动身去
9.in
detail
详细地
10.leave
behind
遗留
重点句型
1.感官动词＋宾语＋宾补：Shackleton
and
his
men
watched
the
Endurance
sink
into
(眼看着
“耐力”
号沉入)
the
icy
sea.
2.状语从句的省略：While
on
their
journey
(在他们的旅途中)
buying
and
selling
spices,
silks
and
jewels,
they
befriend
one
of
the
most
powerful
men
on
Earth,
Kubla
Khan.
Read
the
passage
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
passage
on
Page
11.
1．What’s
the
result
if
you
don’t
wear
sunglasses
or
use
suncream
in
the
South
Poles
A．You’ll
be
numb
with
cold.
B．You’ll
damage
your
eyesight
or
get
badly
sunburnt.
C．You’ll
be
black.
D．You’ll
hurt
your
skin.
2．What
does
the
scientific
station
look
like
A．The
scientific
station
is
surprisingly
luxurious.
B．The
scientific
station
is
cosy
but
has
some
restrictions
on
personal
lifestyles.
C．The
scientific
station
provides
perfect
accommodation
for
long term
visitors.
D．The
scientific
station
has
very
basic
equipment
and
is
unlike
any
other
living
place
in
the
world.
3．What
should
visitors
do
A．Visitors
can
do
anything
that
they
like
to.
B．Visitors
can
only
buy
souvenirs
from
the
scientific
station,
and
do
not
take
anything
else
away.
C．Visitors
should
stay
away,
and
only
animals
should
live
there.
D．Visitors
should
not
take
anything
away
that
belongs
there,
and
should
take
their
possessions
and
rubbish
when
they
leave.
4．How
many
South
Poles
are
there
A．There
are
three.
B．There
is
only
one.
C．There
are
two：a
geographical
Pole
and
a
magnetic
Pole.
D．There
are
four.
答案：1－4.BBDA
Read
the
passage
The
Travels
of
Marco
Polo
on
Page
13
and
judge
the
following
statements
True
(T)
or
False
(F)．
1．The
book
about
Marco
Polo’s
travels
was
written
by
Marco
Polo．(
)
2．As
soon
as
Marco
began
his
journey,
he
became
very
famous．(
)
3．When
the
book
was
published,
people
all
believed
it
deeply．(
)
4．Only
people
who
know
China
very
much
can
understand
those
obscure
names
and
facts．(
)
5．The
book
described
the
amazing
things
in
China
such
as
paper
money
and
coal．(
)
答案：1－5.FFFTT
come
into
sight 进入视野，看得见
(教材P7)But
when
land
came
into
sight,
the
Endurance
became
trapped
in
the
ice
and
began
to
break
up.
但当人们看见陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始解体。
(1)catch
sight
of
看到，发现
lose
sight
of
看不见
(2)in/within
sight
看得见，在视野内
out
of
sight
看不见
at
first
sight
初看起来，乍一看
at
(the)
sight
of
一看见……就……
①When
the
thick
fog
disappeared,
a
mountain
came
into
sight.
浓雾散去之后，一座山映入眼帘。
②When
the
famous
tower
came
into
sight
at
last,
we
all
jumped
with
joy.
当那座名塔终于出现在眼前时，我们都高兴地跳了起来。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(上海卷)At
first
sight,
there
is
nothing
special
about
the
watch,
but
in
fact
it
is
a
mobile
phone.
②When
we
arrived,
there
wasn’t
any
person
in/within
sight.
③Only
a
shortsighted
man
will
lose
sight
of
the
importance
of
education.
[链接写作]——用sight的相关短语填空
④
(2019·江苏宿迁高二期末)Suddenly
the
string
broke,
leaving
the
kite
flying
free.
Up
it
flew,
higher
and
higher
until
it
was
out
of
sight．
⑤The
little
child
danced
around
her
at
the
sight
of_his
mother.
⑥As
the
plane
came
down
through
the
clouds,
green
fields
and
white
houses
came
into
sight．
break
up 打碎；分裂；分解；分手；
(使)结束；放假；
(使)破裂；
(使)散开
(教材P7)But
when
land
came
into
sight,
the
Endurance
became
trapped
in
the
ice
and
began
to
break
up.
但当人们看见陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始解体。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中break
up的含义
①She
broke
up
the
glass
in
search
of
her
notebook.
打碎
②
(江苏卷)—I’m
surprised
to
hear
that
Sue
and
Paul
have
broken
up.
—So
am
I.
They
seemed
very
happy
together
when
I
last
saw
them.分手
③They
plan
to
break
the
company
up
into
several
smaller
independent
companies.分解
④When
does
the
school
break
up
for
the
summer
holidays？放假
break
in
打断
(谈话)；突然闯入
break
into
破门而入；打断；突然……起来
break
out
突然爆发；突然发生
break
through
突破
break
down
瓦解，分解；机器坏了；身体垮了
[链接写作]——完成句子
⑤
(湖北卷)第一次世界大战爆发时，他似乎变成了另一个人，变得非常消沉。
When
World
WarⅠbroke
out,
he
seemed
to
have
become
another
man,
downhearted.
⑥
(江西卷)早上我们来上班时发现有人在夜间破门闯入了办公室。
We
arrived
at
work
in
the
morning
and
found
that
somebody
had
broken
into
the
office
during
the
night.
discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头；劝阻
(教材P11)We
discourage
you
from
smoking
except
in
specific
areas.
除了在一些特殊的区域，
我们劝你不要抽烟。
(1)discourage
sb.from
doing
sth.
劝某人不要做某事
(2)discouraged
adj.
沮丧的，灰心丧气的
discouraging
adj.
令人泄气的；令人沮丧的
(3)encourage
v.
鼓励
encourage
sb.to
do
sth.
鼓励某人做某事
①
(湖南卷)Do
not
let
any
failures
discourage
you,
for
you
can
never
tell
how
close
you
may
be
to
victory.
不要因任何失败而灰心，因为你永远不清楚自己离成功可能有多近。
②Her
parents
tried
to
discourage
her
interest
in
music,
but
she
persisted.
她父母设法打消她对音乐的兴趣，但她始终坚持。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(2017·浙江卷6月)Move
on
to
the
next
person
if
someone
tells
you
she
is
not
interested
in
talking
on
camera.
Don’t
get
discouraged
(discourage)．
②a.Instead
of
seeing
the
setback
as
something
discouraging
(discourage),
just
accept
it
as
a
part
of
the
journey.
b．From
his
discouraged
look,
I
judged
the
news
was
really
discouraging．(discourage)
[链接写作]——完成句子
③他的父母努力劝他不要出国，但失败了。
His
parents
tried
to
discourage
him
from
going
abroad,
but
failed.
④父母应该鼓励他们的孩子克服困难，并且激励他们自我发展。
Parents
should
encourage
their
children
to
overcome
difficulties
and
inspire
them
to
develop
by
themselves.
in
case
of 如果；假使；以防
(教材P11)Medical
assistance
is
available
in
case
of
an
emergency.
在紧急情况下可以得到医疗救助。
in
case
假使；如果，万一，以防
in
this/that
case
如果是这样/那样的话
in
any
case
无论如何，总之
in
no
case
决不
(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
as
is
often
the
case
这是常有的事
①(湖南卷)In
case
of
emergency,
please
call
the
Help
Desk
at
9263736.
如遇紧急情况，请打救助台的电话9263736。
②In
case
of
fire,
all
exits
must
be
kept
clear.
以防发生火灾，所有出口必须保持通畅。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①
(2018·天津卷)This
time,
we
stayed
together,
in
case
anything
else
unusual
happened.
②We
must
apply
what
we
have
learned
to
our
daily
work
because
in
no
case
should
theory
be
separated
from
practice.
③
(山东卷)There
is
no
simple
answer,
as
is
often
the
case
in
science.
[链接写作]——完成句子
④He
may
win
the
competition.
In
that
case
(如果那样的话),
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.
⑤I
don’t
see
why
I
couldn’t
do
it.
In
any
case
(不管怎样),
I’m
going
to
try.
状语从句的省略
(教材P13)While
on
their
journey
buying
and
selling
spices,
silks
and
jewels,
they
befriend
one
of
the
most
powerful
men
on
Earth,
Kubla
Khan.
在旅途中他们买卖香料、丝绸和珠宝，
并与世界上最具影响力的人之一——忽必烈汗结为朋友。
While
on
their
journey是状语从句的省略形式，
其完整形式是While
they
are
on
their
journey。
(1)如果状语从句的主语是it或者与主句的主语一致，
且从句的谓语含有be动词，
那么可以将从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。
(2)if引导的状语从句的省略形式有：
if
any
如果有的话
if
necessary
如果必要的话
if
so
如果是这样的话
if
ever
如果曾经有的话
if
not
如果不这样的话
①
(2016·天津卷)When
walking
down
the
street，I
came
across
David,
whom
I
hadn’t
seen
for
years.
当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的戴维。
②If
I
can
find
the
book
here,
it
will
be
great;
but
if
not,
I
will
buy
a
new
one.
如果我在这儿能找到这本书的话，那就太棒了；但是如果找不到，我将会买本新的。
[链接写作]——句式升级/完成句子
①
(普通表达)Unless
you
are
invited
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
(高级表达)Unless
invited
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference．(省略句)
②
(北京卷)你赞同我推迟我们的云南之旅吗？如果赞同，请尽快写信告诉我。
Do
you
agree
that
I
will
put
off
our
visit
to
Yunnan？If
so，write
back
to
tell
me
about
it
as
soon
as
possible.
品句填词
1．As
is
known
to
all,
good
eyesight
(视力)
is
a
requirement
for
airplane
pilots.
2．(2019·江苏苏州高二期中)The
Food for Life
prog ramme
has
helped
people
by
sending
emergency
(紧急情况)
food
aid
to
countries
during
times
of
trouble.
3．My
parents
thought
it
was
abnormal
(不正常的)
for
a
boy
to
be
interested
in
ballet.
4．It’s
depressing
(令人沮丧的)
that
we
have
to
wait
here
for
another
hour.
5．It
was
a
great
privilege
(荣幸)
to
be
able
to
work
with
them
again.
6．In
the
absence
(缺乏)
of
any
evidence,
the
police
had
to
let
Myers
go.
7．The
traffic
police
have
taken
strong
measures
to
discourage
(阻止)
people
from
drunk
driving.
8．To
be
an
artist
is
not
easy.
But
sometimes
dreams
can
be
a
rich
source
of
inspiration
(灵感)
for
an
artist.
9．The
power
source
is
the
weak
link
in
today’s
portable
(便携的)
electronics.
10．Practicing
is
tiresome
(烦人的),
but
stick
with
it
and
some
day
you
will
be
a
good
pianist.
语法填空
A
rescue
took
place
on
one
of
the
world’s
most
dangerous
1.____________(mountain).
A
team
of
climbers
from
Poland
made
a
dangerous
night
rescue
on
the
8，126－meter－high
Nanga
Parbat
in
the
Pakistani
Himalayas.
The
mountain
is
known
2.____________
“Killer
Mountain”
because
of
the
number
of
climbers
3.____________
have
died
there.
The
team
rescued
French
climber
Elisabeth
Revol
7，400
meters
up.
However,
another
climber
Ms
Revol
was
climbing
with
is
still
4.____________(miss).
The
conditions
were
too
dangerous
for
the
rescuers
5.____________(spend)
more
time
on
the
rescue.
The
climbers
were
attempting
the
first－ever
winter
climb
of
the
nearby
K2
mountain,
6.____________
second
highest
in
the
world.
The
rescue
7.____________(begin)
on
Saturday
when
army
helicopters(直升机)
spotted
Revol.
The
helicopters
flew
the
Polish
team
from
K2
to
Nanga
Parbat,
4，900
meters
up.
The
team
then
made
8.____________(it)
rescue
in
total
darkness.
9.____________(unfortunate),
conditions
were
extremely
dangerous.
A
rescuer
said,
“The
rescue
for
Ms
Revol’s
co－climber
Tomasz
Mackiewicz
is
10.____________(possible).
It
would
put
the
life
of
rescuers
in
extreme
danger.”
1．mountains 解析：考查名词复数。由前面的one
of可知，应填名词复数形式mountains。
2．as 解析：考查介词。be
known
as意为“被认为是……”。
3．who/that 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词climbers，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
4．missing 解析：考查动词－ing形式作表语的用法。设空处作表语，意为“失踪的”，故填missing。
5．to
spend 解析：考查不定式作补语的用法。too...to
do
sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。
6．the 解析：考查定冠词。序数词前常用定冠词，故填the。
7．began 解析：考查一般过去时。由后面的on
Saturday可知，设空处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时，故填began。
8．its 解析：考查代词。设空处表示所属，意为“它的”，故填its。
9．Unfortunately 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，表示“不幸地”，故填Unfortunately。
10．impossible 解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处所在句意为：对与Ms
Revol一起登山的Tomasz
Mackiewicz的救援是“不可能的(impossible)”了。
INCLUDEPICTURE"课时作业.TIF"
INCLUDEPICTURE
"E:\\课时作业.TIF"
\
MERGEFORMATINET
单句语法填空
1．Inspired(inspire)
by
the
success
of
the
hero
in
the
film,
we
decided
to
work
even
harder
than
ever.
2．Experts
advised
that
parents(should)__discourage(discourage)
children
from
doing
homework
by
using
electronic
equipment
too
much.
3．Please
remind
me
of
the
meeting
again
tomorrow
in
case
I
forget.
4．The
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
come
up
with
a
solution
to
the
problem.
5．The
test
results
were
very
depressing．Obviously,
he
was
depressed．(depress)
6．The
teacher
was
quite
annoyed
at
her
absence(absent)
from
class
this
morning.
7．It
is
a
privilege
to__make(make)
a
speech
here
and
out
of
respect
I’d
like
to
introduce
my
advisor
first.
8．(2019·辽阳高二检测)They
failed
to
reach
the
station
on
time
because
their
car
broke
down
on
the
way.
9．They
were
walking
along
the
river
when
a
flower
came
into
sight.
10．When
fishing(fish)
yesterday,
he
got
a
fish
which
is
about
half
a
meter
in
length(long)．
阅读理解
I
took
a
trip
to
Antarctica
last
year.
First
I
flew
from
Buenos
Aires,
Argentina,
to
the
city
of
Rio
Gallegos
in
a
military(军事的)
plane.
Then
the
plane
took
me
and
the
others
to
Marambio
base,
in
Antarctica
from
Rio
Gallegos.
During
the
four hour
trip
in
the__Hercules,__I
was
impressed
by
the
ice
around
us.
As
I
set
foot
on
Antarctica
for
the
first
time
in
my
life,
a
rush
of
glory
ran
through
me.
The
scientists
on
board
told
me
about
the
ozone
layer(臭氧层)
and
the
British
explorer
Ernest
Shackelton,
the
second
man
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica.
I
will
never
forget
what
I
was
told
about
the
ozone
layer.
I
was
told
it
was
getting
thinner
and
thinner
because
of
pollution
and
emission
gases,
which
eventually
would
change
the
weather
balance
in
the
whole
planet.
I
couldn’t
help
feeling
worried
about
the
future
of
humans
after
I
heard
that.
In
Esperanza
base
there
are
elementary
schools
for
kids.
In
Jubany
base
I
saw
igloos(拱形圆顶小屋)
and
it
was
interesting
to
learn
that
only
scientists
lived
there.
I
was
allowed
to
get
near
the
Antarctic
animals.
The
penguins
are
my
favorite
because
they
are
cute
and
I
like
the
way
they
stick
out
their
heads
in
curiosity,
the
way
they
walk
and
how
they
survive
in
harsh
temperatures.
I
also
saw
elephant
seals,
which
from
the
distance
looked
like
rocks.
I
was
also
amazed
at
watching
the
amazing
humpback
whales(座头鲸)
for
the
first
time
in
my
life.
After
my
nine day
trip,
I
boarded
the
Hercules
to
get
back.
I
felt
as
if
I
had
been
on
this
trip
forever
because
I
had
lost
track
of
time
and
space.
I
also
realized
that
this
had
been
a
magical
trip.
【解题导语】 作者讲述了自己的南极之旅及所见所闻。
1．What
does
the
underlined
part
“the
Hercules”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
refer
to
A．A
ship.
B．A
plane.
C．A
base.
D．A
city.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Then
the
plane
took
me
and
the
others
to
Marambio
base”以及“I
was
impressed
by
the
ice
around
us”可推断，画线部分是指作者他们乘坐的飞机。
2．What
the
scientists
told
the
author
about
the
ozone
layer
was
________．
A．interesting
B．positive
C．concerning
D．useless
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“I
couldn’t
help
feeling
worried
about
the
future
of
humans
after
I
heard
that.”可知，作者听到这些信息后觉得很担忧。
3．What
did
the
author
do
after
he/she
set
foot
on
Antarctica
A．He/She
lived
in
an
igloo.
B．He/She
observed
some
penguins.
C．He/She
saw
some
rocks.
D．He/She
played
with
an
elephant
seal.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“I
was
allowed
to
get
near
the
Antarctic
animals.
The
penguins
are
my
favorite”可知，作者在那里观察了一些企鹅。
4．The
author
most
probably
considered
his/her
trip
to
be
________．
A．disappointing
B．relaxing
C．boring
D．amazing
D 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的“I
also
realized
that
this
had
been
a
magical
trip.”可知，作者认为这次旅行非常棒。
完形填空
(2019·湖北省重点中学起点考试)From
childhood，Moira
loved
to
write.
Throughout
school
she__1__writing，but
pursuing(追求)
it__2__was
never
a
possibility.
Her
father
was
a
doctor,
and
her
mother
was
a
nurse.“Medicine
was
a
fairly__3__choice，”
Moira
says,
“and
writing
was
a
career
where
it
wasn’t
a__4__that
you’d
have
high
income.”
She
became
a
doctor
but
still
wanted
to
write
something.
However,
being
a
doctor
was
so__5__that
she
didn’t
take
up
writing
until
her
thirties.She__6__a
novel—a
fictionalized
version
of
her
travel
in
China
after
university.She
got
excellent__7__．Moira
sent
it
off
to
as
many
agents
as
she
could
find,
and
found
one
who
wanted
to__8__her.Suddenly,
it
seemed
she
was
on
her__9__as
an
author.
“I
had
one
lengthy
phone
call
with
the
agent
where
we__10__all
possible
areas
that
she
thought
needed__11__．I
worked
on
those
and
sent
it
back
to
her
but
didn’t
hear
anything.”It
wasn’t
long__12__Moira
found
another
agent
who
was__13__if
she
was
willing
to
rewrite
it
from
the
first
person
to
the
third
person.She
did
the
hard
work
and
sent
it
off
again.“I
got
back
a
really
brief
letter：‘Thank
you，I’m
no
longer
interested.’It
was
really__14__．”
A
decade
went
by,
and
Moira
found
herself
eager
to
write
again,
this
time__15__for
her
own
enjoyment.She__16__herself
the
challenge
of
creating
a
thriller
and
chose
Western
Australia
as
her
setting.
As
she
was
writing
just
for
herself，something
surprising
began
to
happen.“The
characters__17__a
life
of
their
own；they
started
doing
things
I
hadn’t
thought
about.It
just__18__．”One
day，an
agent
called
from
Australia.Three
weeks
later,
Moira
had
a
publication
deal.Her
novel，Cicada,
was
published
in
March.
“__19__it
hadn’t
been
published
I
still
gained
so
much
from
the__20__，”says
Moira.
【解题导语】 本文通过Moira爱好写作并坚持写作的故事告诉我们：每个人都要为实现自己的梦想而去努力尝试，只有经历过才能够有所得，在追求的过程中不要过于担心结果，只有这样才能成功。
1．A.learnt
B．avoided
C．considered
D．enjoyed
D 解析：根据首句“From
childhood，Moira
loved
to
write.”可知，从童年开始，Moira就爱好写作；由此推断，在上学期间，她仍然喜欢(enjoyed)写作。
2．A.actively
B．professionally
C．energetically
D．permanently
B 解析：根据生活常识及该句中的关键词“never
a
possibility”可知，把写作当作职业来追求几乎是不可能的。actively“积极地”；professionally“作为职业”；energetically“精力充沛地”；permanently“永久地”。
3．A.influential
B．clear
C．terrible
D．safe
D 解析：根据空处前一句“Her
father
was
a
doctor,
and
her
mother
was
a
nurse.”可知，她的父母会给予她医学方面很多的帮助，所以Moira认为医学是一个十分安全的(safe)选择。
4．A.dream
B．purpose
C．choice
D．certainty
D 解析：根据空后的“you’d
have
high
income”可知，Moira也认为写作是一个不一定能带来高收入的职业。certainty“确定的事”，符合语境，所以选项D正确。
5．A.promising
B．discouraging
C．demanding
D．interesting
C 解析：根据空后的“she
didn’t
take
up
writing
until
her
thirties”可知，医生是一个要求很高的职业，因此她直到三十多岁才开始写作。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；discouraging“使人泄气的”；demanding“苛刻的，要求高的”；interesting“有趣的”。所以选项C正确。
6．A.produced
B．introduced
C．bought
D．received
A 解析：根据语境可知，她以大学毕业后在中国的旅游经历为背景创作了一本小说。produce“创作，生产，产生”；introduce“介绍”；buy“买”；receive“收到”。所以选项A正确。
7．A.rewards
B．readers
C．reviews
D．praises
C 解析：根据该段最后一句“Suddenly,
it
seemed
she
was
on
her
______
as
an
author.”可以判断，这部小说写出来后，她得到了极好的评论。reward“报酬”；reader“读者”；review“评论”；praise“赞扬”。所以选项C正确。
8．A.employ
B．represent
C．trust
D．guide
B 解析：根据语境可知，在众多的代理人中有一个人愿意代理出版这本小说。employ“雇用，使用”；represent“代表，代理”；trust“信任”；guide“指导”。所以选项B正确。
9．A.own
B．feet
C．way
D．business
C 解析：根据语境可知，她似乎突然就要成为作家了。on
one’s
way“即将到达或发生”，所以选项C正确。
10．A.took
off
B．went
through
C．pulled
down
D．came
over
B 解析：根据语境可知，Moira在电话中与代理人就小说中所有代理人认为需要润色(polishing)的地方进行了仔细琢磨(went
through)。take
off“脱下，起飞”；go
through“仔细察看，仔细琢磨”；pull
down“拆毁，推翻”；come
over“过来，来访”。所以选项B正确。
11．A.deleting
B．adapting
C．polishing
D．covering
C 解析：参见上题解析。delete“删除”；adapt“适应，改编”；polish“修改，润色”；cover“覆盖，报道”。所以选项C正确。
12．A.before
B．after
C．since
D．when
A 解析：根据上文中的“sent
it
back
to
her
but
didn’t
hear
anything”可知，Moira重新把小说发给代理人但是没有收到任何回复，不久之后Moira找到了另外一个代理人。句型It
wasn’t
long
before...意思是“不久之后……”。所以选项A正确。
13．A.fascinated
B．interested
C．anxious
D．amused
B 解析：根据下文中的“I’m
no
longer
interested”可知，此处指这位代理人对她的书不感兴趣。fascinated“入迷的”；interested“感兴趣的”；anxious“焦急的，忧虑的”；amused“逗笑的”。所以选项B正确。
14．A.common
B．absurd
C．terrifying
D．disappointing
D 解析：从两位代理人的态度可知，Moira这两次都以失败告终，所以这件事情肯定令她感到失望。common“普遍的”；absurd“荒谬的”；terrifying“令人恐惧的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。所以选项D正确。
15．A.purely
B．wonderfully
C．instantly
D．sadly
A 解析：根据该句中的“found
herself
eager
to
write
again...own
enjoyment”可知，她发现自己渴望再次写作，而这次写作仅仅(purely)是为了个人乐趣。purely“仅仅，纯粹地”；wonderfully“非常好，非常”；instantly“立即”；sadly“悲伤地”。所以选项A正确。
16．A.set
B．found
C．made
D．permitted
A 解析：根据语境可知，Moira向自己提出(set)
了一个挑战，写一部惊险小说。find“发现”；make“制作；制造”；permit“允许，许可”。所以选项A正确。
17．A.put
up
B．took
on
C．went
over
D．got
down
B 解析：根据该句“The
characters
______
a
life
of
their
own；they
started
doing
things
I
hadn’t
thought
about.”可知，小说中的人物开始具有(took
on)
他们自己的生活。put
up“建造，张贴”；take
on“开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；go
over“仔细检查”；get
down“下来，取下”。所以选项B正确。
18．A.flew
B．flashed
C．broke
D．survived
A 解析：根据下文可知，Moira的书得到了一位澳大利亚代理人的关注并顺利出版；据此可以推断，这部小说成功了。fly“成功”。所以选项A正确。
19．A.Ever
since
B．As
if
C．If
only
D．Even
if
D 解析：根据语境可推断出，即使(Even
if)这部小说没有出版，Moira仍然在这个过程(process)中得到许多。ever
since“自从”；as
if“好像，似乎”；if
only“要是……就好了”；even
if“即使，尽管”。所以选项D正确。
20．A.adventure
B．practice
C．process
D．result
C 解析：参见上题解析。adventure“冒险”；practice“实践”；process“过程”；result“结果”。所以选项C正确。品句填词
1．The
film
won
three
awards
at
the
annual
(年度的)
film
festival.
2．Many
people
have
come
to
realize
that
they
should
go
on
a
balanced
(均衡的)
diet.
3．When
I
began
my
senior
high
school,
I
found
it
extremely
(极端地)
difficult
to
learn
English
well.
4．Many
literary
works
become
well
received
after
they
are
adapted
(改编)
into
films.
5．Rescue
workers
are
trying
their
best
to
save
the
miners
trapped
(困在)
in
the
cave
underground.
6．Chinese
people
usually
have
dinner
with
friends
and
relatives
to
further
promote
(促进)
their
relationship.
7．These
creatures
live
in
the
depth
(深处)
of
the
Pacific
Ocean.
8．She
was
in
a
state
(状态)
of
shock
for
about
two
weeks
after
the
accident.
9．Christopher
Columbus
is
one
of
the
most
famous
explorers
(探险者)
in
history.
10．Shanghai,
as
a
commercial
(商业的)
center
in
the
east
of
China,
attracts
thousands
of
business
people
from
all
over
the
world
every
day.
课文语法填空
Antarctica,
the
coldest
place
on
Earth,
is
the
fifth
1.largest
(large)
continent
in
the
world.
98%
of
the
surface
is
covered
2.permanently
(permanent)
in
the
ice
cap.
3.On
average
the
ice
is
two
kilometres
thick,
but
in
some
places
it
reaches
a
4.depth
(deep)
of
five
kilometres.
Yet
Antarctica
is
full
of
wildlife,
which
has
adapted
to
its
extreme
conditions.
The
ice
5.that/which
has
been
there
for
thousands
of
years
can
give
researchers
lots
of
useful
information.
Gases
and
minerals,
in
the
form
of
volcanic
dust
6.trapped
(trap)
in
the
ice
can
tell
us
a
lot
about
7.what_the
world’s
climate
was
like
in
past
ages.
James
Cook
crossed
the
Antarctic
Circle
in
8.the
late
18th
century.
The
first
man
9.to
set
(set)
foot
on
the
mainland
was
a
Norwegian.
Now
Antarctica
10.has
been
made
(make)
the
world’s
biggest
nature
reserve,
which
has
become
perhaps
the
most
successful
symbol
of
man’s
efforts
to
work
together
for
progress
and
peace.
单句语法填空
1．—Why
could
you
pick
out
my
sister
so
easily
in
the
crowd
—Because
she
stood
out
in
the
bright
red
dress.
2．In
fact
English
has
always
been_in
a
state
of
evolution
and
in
recent
years
more
and
more
phrases
have
entered
the
language.
3．Trapped
(trap)
in
the
burning
building，many
people
could
do
nothing
but
wait.
4．(2019·江苏启东中学高二期末)I
went
along
the
street
thinking
nothing
in
particular,
only
looking
(look)
at
things
around
me.
5．He
was
close
to
being
killed
(kill)
yesterday.
A
car
passed
him
at
what
he
thought
was
a
dangerous
speed.
6．He
has
thought
of
a
good
idea
for
the
promotion
(promote)
of
his
products.
7．(2019·重庆南开中学高二月考)With
all
the
work
finished
(finish)
ahead
of
time,
I
feel
relaxed
and
very
happy
to
be
reading
the
papers.
8．You’ll
sound
more
polite
if
you
make
a
request
in
the
form
of
a
question.
9．It
was
not
until
his
father
came
back
that
he
started
doing
his
homework.
10．Some
people
can
never
go
above
400
meters,
because
their
bodies
are
unable
to
adapt
to
these
extreme
conditions.
阅读理解
A
I
was
going
to
die
in
Antarctica.
I
was
certain.
An
image
of
my
frost covered
body,
pale
and
lifeless,
filled
my
mind
as
I
glanced
around.
In
all
directions
the
empty
wilderness
of
Antarctica
stretched
away
from
me,
the
only
feature
on
the
landscape
being
the
division
between
snow
and
sky.
I
gazed
sadly
at
my
team.
They
were
rapidly
disappearing
over
the
horizon.
I
was
leading
an
expedition
(探险队)
attempting
to
reach
the
south
pole.
The
team
was
made
up
of
ordinary
women
from
all
around
the
world—from
Jamaica,
India,
Singapore
and
Cyprus—many
of
whom
had
never
seen
snow,
or
spent
a
night
in
a
tent,
before
we
set
off.
Our
aim
was
to
be
the
most
international
all female
team
to
reach
the
South
Pole.
As
I
watched,
the
rest
of
the
team
had
marched
on,
unaware
that
I
was
not
with
them.
By
the
time
I
realised
that
my
sledge
was
firmly
stuck,
the
team
were
already
a
long
way
ahead
of
me.
I
called
out
to
Era,
my
teammate
from
Brunei.“Era！Stop！”
Getting
no
response
I
called
again,
but
my
shouts
were
carried
away
in
the
opposite
direction
by
the
wind.
Seconds
passed.
Nothing.
I
was
gradually
being
left
alone,
completely
defenseless
against
the
fatally
low
temperatures
of
Antarctica.
My
strength
increased
when
I
thought
of
a
cold,
lonely
death.
I
pulled
again
my
sledge,
which
moved
a
little.
I
removed
the
ice
with
my
ski pole
and
boot,
desperately
trying
to
break
the
sledge
free.
The
sledge
shot
forward,
knocking
me
off
balance.
I
struggled
to
my
feet
and
set
off
after
the
team.
I
caught
up
just
as
Reena,
my
teammate
from
India,
looked
behind
her
and
noticed
there
was
one
person
missing.
She
swung
around
on
her
skis
in
shock
and
spotted
me
in
the
near
distance.
As
we
continued,
my
panic
slowly
faded.
For
the
rest
of
the
day
each
of
the
team
was
glancing
over
their
shoulder
every
few
minutes.
They
were
not
going
to
risk
losing
me
again.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了“我”带领一个国际女子探险队在南极探险，途中“我”的雪橇被雪卡住，以致掉队。后来“我”经过努力，克服了危机，赶上了队伍。
1．What
is
special
about
the
expedition
team
A．They
were
all
female.
B．They
were
all
professional.
C．They
made
the
longest
expedition.
D．They
had
been
strictly
trained.
A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段内容可知作者带领的探险队是由来自世界各地普通妇女组成的，因此A项正确。
2．What
made
the
author
get
her
sledge
out
of
the
ice
was
________．
A．the
shouts
from
her
teammates
B．her
strong
desire
to
live
C．the
sudden
change
in
wind
direction
D．the
natural
beauty
ahead
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，想到死亡使作者力量大增，从而将雪橇从冰雪里拔了出来，因此可以说是强大的求生欲望解救了作者。
3．At
last,
each
of
the
team
members
kept
looking
back
to
________．
A．avoid
being
attacked
from
behind
B．make
sure
that
none
fell
behind
C．check
the
distance
they
had
covered
D．keep
a
record
of
the
route
they
took
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，每个人不停地回头看是为了保证没有人掉队。
4．Which
may
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A．How
to
Survive
in
Antarctica
B．A
Mysterious
Trip
to
the
South
Pole
C．A
Female
Expedition
D．Being
Left
Behind
in
the
Snow
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者在一次南极探险中由于掉队而差点发生危险的经历。
B
“We
all
know
that
exercise
is
good
for
us,
but
can
you
get
the
benefits
without
actually
doing
the
exercise？”asks
Michael
Mosley.
Having
a
hot
bath
or
a
sauna
is
a
good
way
to
soothe
your
arms
and
legs
after
exercise,
but
what
happens
if
you
do
it
instead
of
exercise
Dr.
Steve
Faulkner
of
Loughborough
University
asked
me
to
take
part
in
an
experiment
comparing
the
relative
benefits
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath
versus
an
hour
of
hard
cycling.
For
this
study
I
join
a
group
of
volunteers
who
have
all
been
fitted
with
monitors
which
continuously
record
blood
sugar
levels.
Keeping
your
blood
sugar
level
within
the
normal
range
is
an
important
measure
of
your
“metabolic”fitness.
The
first
part
of
the
experiment
is
very
relaxing,
consisting
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath.
While
I
sit
in
the
bath,
which
they
keep
at
40℃，
Steve
closely
monitors
my
core
temperature.
Once
it
has
risen
and
stayed
there,
I
am
allowed
out.
A
couple
of
hours
after
my
bath
I
have
a
light
meal.
Since
we
want
to
see
how
having
a
hot
bath
compares
with
exercise,
we
repeat
the
experiment.
So
what’s
the
result
“One
of
the
first
things
that
we
were
looking
at，”Steve
says,
“is
the
energy
expenditure
(消耗)
while
you’re
in
the
hot
bath
and
what
we
found
was
an
80%
increase
in
energy
expenditure
just
as
a
result
of
sitting
in
the
bath
for
the
course
of
an
hour.”
This
is
nothing
like
as
many
calories
as
cycling
for
an
hour
(which
comes
out
at
an
average
of
630
calories),
but
we
do
burn
140
calories,
the
equivalent
of
a
brisk
30 minute
walk.
【解题导语】 实验发现，一个小时的热水浴虽然没有骑一个小时自行车所消耗的热量多，但其所消耗的热量相当于半个小时的快步走所消耗的热量。
5．What
is
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
in
Paragraph
2
A．Exercise.
B．Strengthen.
C．Relax.
D．Build
up.
C 解析：词义猜测题。结合该句内容和常识可知，在锻炼时，我们的腿和手臂肌肉比较紧张，洗热水澡或桑拿浴可以使这些部位的肌肉得到放松。故选C。
6．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
experiment
A．To
compare
energy
expenditure
of
hot
bath
and
cycling.
B．To
tell
people
how
to
lose
weight.
C．To
show
the
benefit
of
hot
bath.
D．To
encourage
people
to
have
a
hot
bath
instead
of
cycling.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Dr.
Steve
Faulkner
of
Loughborough
University
asked
me
to
take
part
in
an
experiment
comparing
the
relative
benefits
of
having
a
long,
hot
bath
versus
an
hour
of
hard
cycling.”可知，做这个实验的目的是把洗热水澡和骑自行车的能量消耗的情况进行对比。故选A。
7．What
does
normal
blood
sugar
level
mean
A．It
means
you
are
healthy.
B．It
means
your
temperature
is
normal.
C．It
means
you
don’t
need
exercise.
D．It
means
your
metabolic
system
is
normal.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Keeping
your
blood
sugar
level
within
the
normal
range
is
an
important
measure
of
your
‘metabolic’
fitness.”可知，保持正常范围内的血糖水平是代谢健康的一个重要衡量标准。据此可知，正常的代谢系统与正常的血糖水平有关。故选D。
8．If
you
want
to
burn
600
calories,
what
can
you
do
A．Have
a
hot
bath
for
one
hour.
B．Cycle
for
one
hour.
C．Have
a
brisk
60 minute
walk.
D．Have
a
brisk
30 minute
walk.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，如果要消耗600卡路里，应骑一个小时自行车。故选B。
七选五
Everyone
has
someone
who’s
wronged
them
in
one
way
or
another.
Yet
forgiveness
is
something
you
can
achieve
as
long
as
you
take
the
following
steps.
Decide
you
want
to
choose
forgiveness.
The
first
step
toward
achieving
forgiveness
is
to
decide
it’s
something
you
actually
want
to
do,
not
something
someone
has
pressured
you
into
trying.
1.________
Also
forgiveness
doesn’t
mean
excusing
or
forgetting
an
injustice,
or
returning
to
a
relationship
that’s
harmful.
2．________
It’s
kind
of
a
checklist:
How
are
you
doing
in
terms
of
your
anger
How
have
you
been
denying
it
Are
you
angrier
than
you
thought
you
would
be
3.________
Tiredness
is
the
most
common
physical
complaint,
as
is
a
pessimistic
worldview—believing
no
one
can
be
trusted
or
that
everyone
is
only
out
for
themselves.
Once
you
look
at
those
effects,
the
question
becomes:
Do
you
want
to
heal
Commit
to
forgiveness.
Once
you
have
completed
stage
two
and
seen
how
the
effects
of
your
anger
have
made
you
unhappy,
there’s
a
tendency
to
give
this
a
try.
In
this
stage,
it’s
important
to
commit
yourself
to
doing
no
harm
toward
the
person
you’re
trying
to
forgive.
That
doesn’t
mean
being
good
to
them.
4.________
Consider
the
other
person’s
wounds.
The
goal
is
to
finally
feel
sympathy
for
the
other
person,
but
don’t
start
there.
5.________
How
was
that
person
hurt
in
life
How
were
they
treated
unjustly
Were
they
so
wounded
that
they
wounded
you
You
don’t
do
this
to
excuse
their
actions,
but
to
see
a
scared
person,
maybe
a
confused
person,
someone
who
is
not
always
right
and
all powerful.
A．Make
a
list.
B．Uncover
your
anger.
C．Instead,
think
about
them
in
a
new
way.
D．It
just
means
you
don’t
do
anything
negative.
E．People
should
not
be
forced
into
forgiving.
F．What
are
the
physical
consequences
of
your
anger
G．On
the
contrary,
be
committed
to
your
own
happiness.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了达到谅解的四个步骤。
1．E 解析：根据空前的“not
something
someone
has
pressured
you
into
trying”及选项E
“People
should
not
be
forced
into
forgiving.”可知答案。pressure
sb.
into
doing与be
forced
into
doing是近义短语。
2．B 解析：本空是段落小标题，其他小标题都是祈使句，故可推知本空也应填一个祈使句，所以只有A、B、C和G项满足这个条件。该段通过几个连续的问题对“your
anger”进行了剖析，即要“找出你的愤怒”，故选B项。
3．F 解析：根据下文中的“Tiredness
is
the
most
common
physical
complaint”及选项F“What
are
the
physical
consequences
of
your
anger？”可知，physical是重复出现的词，F项放在本空中，前后语义也是连贯的，所以选F。
4．D 解析：空前的“That
doesn’t
mean
being
good
to
them.”和选项D“It
just
means
you
don’t
do
anything
negative.”语意连贯，故选D项。
5．C 解析：上文提到“The
goal
is...don’t
start
there.”，可知本空应该是正确的开始，即用一种新的方式来思考这些人
(Instead,
think
about
them
in
a
new
way.)，空后进一步提示如何去思考。品句填词
1．As
is
known
to
all,
good
eyesight
(视力)
is
a
requirement
for
airplane
pilots.
2．(2019·江苏苏州高二期中)The
Food for Life
prog ramme
has
helped
people
by
sending
emergency
(紧急情况)
food
aid
to
countries
during
times
of
trouble.
3．My
parents
thought
it
was
abnormal
(不正常的)
for
a
boy
to
be
interested
in
ballet.
4．It’s
depressing
(令人沮丧的)
that
we
have
to
wait
here
for
another
hour.
5．It
was
a
great
privilege
(荣幸)
to
be
able
to
work
with
them
again.
6．In
the
absence
(缺乏)
of
any
evidence,
the
police
had
to
let
Myers
go.
7．The
traffic
police
have
taken
strong
measures
to
discourage
(阻止)
people
from
drunk
driving.
8．To
be
an
artist
is
not
easy.
But
sometimes
dreams
can
be
a
rich
source
of
inspiration
(灵感)
for
an
artist.
9．The
power
source
is
the
weak
link
in
today’s
portable
(便携的)
electronics.
10．Practicing
is
tiresome
(烦人的),
but
stick
with
it
and
some
day
you
will
be
a
good
pianist.
语法填空
A
rescue
took
place
on
one
of
the
world’s
most
dangerous
1.____________(mountain).
A
team
of
climbers
from
Poland
made
a
dangerous
night
rescue
on
the
8，126－meter－high
Nanga
Parbat
in
the
Pakistani
Himalayas.
The
mountain
is
known
2.____________
“Killer
Mountain”
because
of
the
number
of
climbers
3.____________
have
died
there.
The
team
rescued
French
climber
Elisabeth
Revol
7，400
meters
up.
However,
another
climber
Ms
Revol
was
climbing
with
is
still
4.____________(miss).
The
conditions
were
too
dangerous
for
the
rescuers
5.____________(spend)
more
time
on
the
rescue.
The
climbers
were
attempting
the
first－ever
winter
climb
of
the
nearby
K2
mountain,
6.____________
second
highest
in
the
world.
The
rescue
7.____________(begin)
on
Saturday
when
army
helicopters(直升机)
spotted
Revol.
The
helicopters
flew
the
Polish
team
from
K2
to
Nanga
Parbat,
4，900
meters
up.
The
team
then
made
8.____________(it)
rescue
in
total
darkness.
9.____________(unfortunate),
conditions
were
extremely
dangerous.
A
rescuer
said,
“The
rescue
for
Ms
Revol’s
co－climber
Tomasz
Mackiewicz
is
10.____________(possible).
It
would
put
the
life
of
rescuers
in
extreme
danger.”
1．mountains 解析：考查名词复数。由前面的one
of可知，应填名词复数形式mountains。
2．as 解析：考查介词。be
known
as意为“被认为是……”。
3．who/that 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词climbers，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
4．missing 解析：考查动词－ing形式作表语的用法。设空处作表语，意为“失踪的”，故填missing。
5．to
spend 解析：考查不定式作补语的用法。too...to
do
sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。
6．the 解析：考查定冠词。序数词前常用定冠词，故填the。
7．began 解析：考查一般过去时。由后面的on
Saturday可知，设空处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时，故填began。
8．its 解析：考查代词。设空处表示所属，意为“它的”，故填its。
9．Unfortunately 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，表示“不幸地”，故填Unfortunately。
10．impossible 解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处所在句意为：对与Ms
Revol一起登山的Tomasz
Mackiewicz的救援是“不可能的(impossible)”了。
INCLUDEPICTURE"课时作业.TIF"
INCLUDEPICTURE
"E:\\课时作业.TIF"
\
MERGEFORMATINET
单句语法填空
1．Inspired(inspire)
by
the
success
of
the
hero
in
the
film,
we
decided
to
work
even
harder
than
ever.
2．Experts
advised
that
parents(should)__discourage(discourage)
children
from
doing
homework
by
using
electronic
equipment
too
much.
3．Please
remind
me
of
the
meeting
again
tomorrow
in
case
I
forget.
4．The
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
come
up
with
a
solution
to
the
problem.
5．The
test
results
were
very
depressing．Obviously,
he
was
depressed．(depress)
6．The
teacher
was
quite
annoyed
at
her
absence(absent)
from
class
this
morning.
7．It
is
a
privilege
to__make(make)
a
speech
here
and
out
of
respect
I’d
like
to
introduce
my
advisor
first.
8．(2019·辽阳高二检测)They
failed
to
reach
the
station
on
time
because
their
car
broke
down
on
the
way.
9．They
were
walking
along
the
river
when
a
flower
came
into
sight.
10．When
fishing(fish)
yesterday,
he
got
a
fish
which
is
about
half
a
meter
in
length(long)．
阅读理解
I
took
a
trip
to
Antarctica
last
year.
First
I
flew
from
Buenos
Aires,
Argentina,
to
the
city
of
Rio
Gallegos
in
a
military(军事的)
plane.
Then
the
plane
took
me
and
the
others
to
Marambio
base,
in
Antarctica
from
Rio
Gallegos.
During
the
four hour
trip
in
the__Hercules,__I
was
impressed
by
the
ice
around
us.
As
I
set
foot
on
Antarctica
for
the
first
time
in
my
life,
a
rush
of
glory
ran
through
me.
The
scientists
on
board
told
me
about
the
ozone
layer(臭氧层)
and
the
British
explorer
Ernest
Shackelton,
the
second
man
to
set
foot
on
Antarctica.
I
will
never
forget
what
I
was
told
about
the
ozone
layer.
I
was
told
it
was
getting
thinner
and
thinner
because
of
pollution
and
emission
gases,
which
eventually
would
change
the
weather
balance
in
the
whole
planet.
I
couldn’t
help
feeling
worried
about
the
future
of
humans
after
I
heard
that.
In
Esperanza
base
there
are
elementary
schools
for
kids.
In
Jubany
base
I
saw
igloos(拱形圆顶小屋)
and
it
was
interesting
to
learn
that
only
scientists
lived
there.
I
was
allowed
to
get
near
the
Antarctic
animals.
The
penguins
are
my
favorite
because
they
are
cute
and
I
like
the
way
they
stick
out
their
heads
in
curiosity,
the
way
they
walk
and
how
they
survive
in
harsh
temperatures.
I
also
saw
elephant
seals,
which
from
the
distance
looked
like
rocks.
I
was
also
amazed
at
watching
the
amazing
humpback
whales(座头鲸)
for
the
first
time
in
my
life.
After
my
nine day
trip,
I
boarded
the
Hercules
to
get
back.
I
felt
as
if
I
had
been
on
this
trip
forever
because
I
had
lost
track
of
time
and
space.
I
also
realized
that
this
had
been
a
magical
trip.
【解题导语】 作者讲述了自己的南极之旅及所见所闻。
1．What
does
the
underlined
part
“the
Hercules”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
refer
to
A．A
ship.
B．A
plane.
C．A
base.
D．A
city.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Then
the
plane
took
me
and
the
others
to
Marambio
base”以及“I
was
impressed
by
the
ice
around
us”可推断，画线部分是指作者他们乘坐的飞机。
2．What
the
scientists
told
the
author
about
the
ozone
layer
was
________．
A．interesting
B．positive
C．concerning
D．useless
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“I
couldn’t
help
feeling
worried
about
the
future
of
humans
after
I
heard
that.”可知，作者听到这些信息后觉得很担忧。
3．What
did
the
author
do
after
he/she
set
foot
on
Antarctica
A．He/She
lived
in
an
igloo.
B．He/She
observed
some
penguins.
C．He/She
saw
some
rocks.
D．He/She
played
with
an
elephant
seal.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“I
was
allowed
to
get
near
the
Antarctic
animals.
The
penguins
are
my
favorite”可知，作者在那里观察了一些企鹅。
4．The
author
most
probably
considered
his/her
trip
to
be
________．
A．disappointing
B．relaxing
C．boring
D．amazing
D 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的“I
also
realized
that
this
had
been
a
magical
trip.”可知，作者认为这次旅行非常棒。
完形填空
(2019·湖北省重点中学起点考试)From
childhood，Moira
loved
to
write.
Throughout
school
she__1__writing，but
pursuing(追求)
it__2__was
never
a
possibility.
Her
father
was
a
doctor,
and
her
mother
was
a
nurse.“Medicine
was
a
fairly__3__choice，”
Moira
says,
“and
writing
was
a
career
where
it
wasn’t
a__4__that
you’d
have
high
income.”
She
became
a
doctor
but
still
wanted
to
write
something.
However,
being
a
doctor
was
so__5__that
she
didn’t
take
up
writing
until
her
thirties.She__6__a
novel—a
fictionalized
version
of
her
travel
in
China
after
university.She
got
excellent__7__．Moira
sent
it
off
to
as
many
agents
as
she
could
find,
and
found
one
who
wanted
to__8__her.Suddenly,
it
seemed
she
was
on
her__9__as
an
author.
“I
had
one
lengthy
phone
call
with
the
agent
where
we__10__all
possible
areas
that
she
thought
needed__11__．I
worked
on
those
and
sent
it
back
to
her
but
didn’t
hear
anything.”It
wasn’t
long__12__Moira
found
another
agent
who
was__13__if
she
was
willing
to
rewrite
it
from
the
first
person
to
the
third
person.She
did
the
hard
work
and
sent
it
off
again.“I
got
back
a
really
brief
letter：‘Thank
you，I’m
no
longer
interested.’It
was
really__14__．”
A
decade
went
by,
and
Moira
found
herself
eager
to
write
again,
this
time__15__for
her
own
enjoyment.She__16__herself
the
challenge
of
creating
a
thriller
and
chose
Western
Australia
as
her
setting.
As
she
was
writing
just
for
herself，something
surprising
began
to
happen.“The
characters__17__a
life
of
their
own；they
started
doing
things
I
hadn’t
thought
about.It
just__18__．”One
day，an
agent
called
from
Australia.Three
weeks
later,
Moira
had
a
publication
deal.Her
novel，Cicada,
was
published
in
March.
“__19__it
hadn’t
been
published
I
still
gained
so
much
from
the__20__，”says
Moira.
【解题导语】 本文通过Moira爱好写作并坚持写作的故事告诉我们：每个人都要为实现自己的梦想而去努力尝试，只有经历过才能够有所得，在追求的过程中不要过于担心结果，只有这样才能成功。
1．A.learnt
B．avoided
C．considered
D．enjoyed
D 解析：根据首句“From
childhood，Moira
loved
to
write.”可知，从童年开始，Moira就爱好写作；由此推断，在上学期间，她仍然喜欢(enjoyed)写作。
2．A.actively
B．professionally
C．energetically
D．permanently
B 解析：根据生活常识及该句中的关键词“never
a
possibility”可知，把写作当作职业来追求几乎是不可能的。actively“积极地”；professionally“作为职业”；energetically“精力充沛地”；permanently“永久地”。
3．A.influential
B．clear
C．terrible
D．safe
D 解析：根据空处前一句“Her
father
was
a
doctor,
and
her
mother
was
a
nurse.”可知，她的父母会给予她医学方面很多的帮助，所以Moira认为医学是一个十分安全的(safe)选择。
4．A.dream
B．purpose
C．choice
D．certainty
D 解析：根据空后的“you’d
have
high
income”可知，Moira也认为写作是一个不一定能带来高收入的职业。certainty“确定的事”，符合语境，所以选项D正确。
5．A.promising
B．discouraging
C．demanding
D．interesting
C 解析：根据空后的“she
didn’t
take
up
writing
until
her
thirties”可知，医生是一个要求很高的职业，因此她直到三十多岁才开始写作。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；discouraging“使人泄气的”；demanding“苛刻的，要求高的”；interesting“有趣的”。所以选项C正确。
6．A.produced
B．introduced
C．bought
D．received
A 解析：根据语境可知，她以大学毕业后在中国的旅游经历为背景创作了一本小说。produce“创作，生产，产生”；introduce“介绍”；buy“买”；receive“收到”。所以选项A正确。
7．A.rewards
B．readers
C．reviews
D．praises
C 解析：根据该段最后一句“Suddenly,
it
seemed
she
was
on
her
______
as
an
author.”可以判断，这部小说写出来后，她得到了极好的评论。reward“报酬”；reader“读者”；review“评论”；praise“赞扬”。所以选项C正确。
8．A.employ
B．represent
C．trust
D．guide
B 解析：根据语境可知，在众多的代理人中有一个人愿意代理出版这本小说。employ“雇用，使用”；represent“代表，代理”；trust“信任”；guide“指导”。所以选项B正确。
9．A.own
B．feet
C．way
D．business
C 解析：根据语境可知，她似乎突然就要成为作家了。on
one’s
way“即将到达或发生”，所以选项C正确。
10．A.took
off
B．went
through
C．pulled
down
D．came
over
B 解析：根据语境可知，Moira在电话中与代理人就小说中所有代理人认为需要润色(polishing)的地方进行了仔细琢磨(went
through)。take
off“脱下，起飞”；go
through“仔细察看，仔细琢磨”；pull
down“拆毁，推翻”；come
over“过来，来访”。所以选项B正确。
11．A.deleting
B．adapting
C．polishing
D．covering
C 解析：参见上题解析。delete“删除”；adapt“适应，改编”；polish“修改，润色”；cover“覆盖，报道”。所以选项C正确。
12．A.before
B．after
C．since
D．when
A 解析：根据上文中的“sent
it
back
to
her
but
didn’t
hear
anything”可知，Moira重新把小说发给代理人但是没有收到任何回复，不久之后Moira找到了另外一个代理人。句型It
wasn’t
long
before...意思是“不久之后……”。所以选项A正确。
13．A.fascinated
B．interested
C．anxious
D．amused
B 解析：根据下文中的“I’m
no
longer
interested”可知，此处指这位代理人对她的书不感兴趣。fascinated“入迷的”；interested“感兴趣的”；anxious“焦急的，忧虑的”；amused“逗笑的”。所以选项B正确。
14．A.common
B．absurd
C．terrifying
D．disappointing
D 解析：从两位代理人的态度可知，Moira这两次都以失败告终，所以这件事情肯定令她感到失望。common“普遍的”；absurd“荒谬的”；terrifying“令人恐惧的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。所以选项D正确。
15．A.purely
B．wonderfully
C．instantly
D．sadly
A 解析：根据该句中的“found
herself
eager
to
write
again...own
enjoyment”可知，她发现自己渴望再次写作，而这次写作仅仅(purely)是为了个人乐趣。purely“仅仅，纯粹地”；wonderfully“非常好，非常”；instantly“立即”；sadly“悲伤地”。所以选项A正确。
16．A.set
B．found
C．made
D．permitted
A 解析：根据语境可知，Moira向自己提出(set)
了一个挑战，写一部惊险小说。find“发现”；make“制作；制造”；permit“允许，许可”。所以选项A正确。
17．A.put
up
B．took
on
C．went
over
D．got
down
B 解析：根据该句“The
characters
______
a
life
of
their
own；they
started
doing
things
I
hadn’t
thought
about.”可知，小说中的人物开始具有(took
on)
他们自己的生活。put
up“建造，张贴”；take
on“开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；go
over“仔细检查”；get
down“下来，取下”。所以选项B正确。
18．A.flew
B．flashed
C．broke
D．survived
A 解析：根据下文可知，Moira的书得到了一位澳大利亚代理人的关注并顺利出版；据此可以推断，这部小说成功了。fly“成功”。所以选项A正确。
19．A.Ever
since
B．As
if
C．If
only
D．Even
if
D 解析：根据语境可推断出，即使(Even
if)这部小说没有出版，Moira仍然在这个过程(process)中得到许多。ever
since“自从”；as
if“好像，似乎”；if
only“要是……就好了”；even
if“即使，尽管”。所以选项D正确。
20．A.adventure
B．practice
C．process
D．result
C 解析：参见上题解析。adventure“冒险”；practice“实践”；process“过程”；result“结果”。所以选项C正确。重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.①The
old
building
is
in
a
good
state
of
preservation
except
for
the
wooden
floors.
②A
completed
job
application
is
a
statement
(state)
about
your
personal,
educational,
and
work
experience.
2.Firemen
were
called
out
to
rescue
the
people
trapped
(trap)
in
the
burning
office
building.
3.A
balanced
(balance)
diet
can
be
better
for
our
health
when
combined
(combine)
with
regular
exercise.
4.We
launched
a
big
advertising
campaign
to
promote
our
new
toothpaste,
and
the
promotion
succeeded
at
last.
In
return
for
our
efforts,
all
the
staff
in
our
department
were
promoted．(promote)
5.①Both
teachers
and
parents
should
discourage
students
from
playing
computer
games
too
much,
which
affects
their
studies
and
health.
②
(福建卷)The
failure
was
a
big
blow
to
him,
but
he
wasn’t
discouraged
(discourage)
and
soon
got
as
enthusiastic
as
ever.
③From
his
discouraged
look,
I
judged
he
wasn’t
hired,
which
was
really
discouraging.
But
I
still
encouraged
him
to
go
to
other
companies
to
try
his
fortune．(discourage)
6.Listening
to
his
inspiring
speech,
we
were
inspired
to
make
great
efforts.
It
gave
us
not
only
hope
but
also
inspiration．(inspire)
7.John
is
tired
of
watching
the
tiring
soap
operas
on
TV.
He
can’t
stand
them
any
longer．(tire)
8.The
lake
is
over
20
meters
in
depth.
So
we
were
all
moved
deeply
by
the
man
who
dived
deep
into
the
lake
to
save
the
boy．(depth)
9.With
the
extreme
weather
coming,
people
felt
extremely
cold
and
many
got
ill．(extreme)
10.On
hearing
the
depressing
news,
he
felt
depressed
and
soon
got
into
a
state
of
depression．(depress)
阅读词汇排查练
1.polar
adj.
极地的
2.Antarctica
n.
南极洲
3.rainfall
n.
降水量；降雨量
4.gravity
n.
重力，地心引力
5.inhospitable
adj.
荒凉的，不适宜居住的
6.rivalry
n.
(不断的)竞争
7.treaty
n.
(国家或政府间的)条约，公约
8.commercial
adj.
商业的
9.nuclear
adj.
核的，核能的
10.radioactive
adj.
(具有)放射性的
11.lifeboat
n.
救生船
12.voyage
n.
(乘船的)旅行，航行
13.drift
v.
漂流，漂泊
14.ceremonial
adj.
仪式性的；正式的
15.glare
n.
刺眼的光
16.intense
adj.
强烈的
17.sunglasses
n.
太阳镜；墨镜
18.suncream
n.
防晒霜
19.severe
adj.
艰难的，艰巨的
20.eyesight
n．
视力；目力
21.sunburnt
adj.
晒伤的
22.minus
prep.
零下
23.numb
adj.
麻木的；失去知觉的
24.frost
n.
霜；霜冻
25.clothing
n.
衣服；(尤指)某种服装
26.portable
adj.
轻便的；便携的
27.pure
adj.
干净的；不含有害物质的
28.millimetre
n.
毫米；千分之一米
29.sunrise
n.
日出
30.sunset
n.
日落
31.daylight
n.
日光；白天
32.isolated
adj.
孤单的，孤立的
33.platform
n.
平台
34.powder
n.
粉；粉末
35.minimum
adj.
最少量；最小数
36.modest
adj.
不很昂贵的；适中的
37.luxury
n.
奢侈品
38.cosy
adj.
温暖舒适的
39.dormitory
n.
宿舍；寝室
40.canteen
n．
(工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
41.stock
v.
储存，储备
42.laundry
n.
待洗的衣物
43.emergency
n.
紧急情况；突发事情
44.conventional
adj.
常规的；普通的
45.tricky
adj.
困难的，棘手的
46.fragile
adj.
脆弱的；易碎的
47.delicate
adj.
娇气的，纤弱的
48.tale
n.
传说；故事
49.reliability
n.
可靠性
50.obscure
adj.
难理解的，晦涩的
51.intimate
adj.
亲密的
52.inhabit
v.
居住
53.insight
n.
洞察力，眼光
重点短语
会书写
1.adapt
to
(使)适应
2.stand
out
引人注目；突出；显眼
3.set
foot
on
进入，到达
4.come
into
sight
进入视野，看得见
5.break
up
撞碎；解体
6.come
up
with
想出
7.in
case
of
如果；假使
会应用
1.The
moment
we
set
foot
on
the
beach,
the
magnificent
view
came
into
sight.
2.My
mother
reminded
me
to
take
an
umbrella
in
case
of
rain
this
afternoon.
3.The
scientists
are
beating
their
brains
trying
to
come
up
with
a
solution
to
the
problem.
4.If
plants
were
moved
from
one
habitat
to
the
other
type
of
habitat,
they
changed
their
appearance
and
adapted
to
the
new
environment.
重点句型
1.现在分词短语作结果状语
雪下了一个星期，造成了整个地区严重的交通混乱。
The
snow
lasted
a
week,
resulting
in
a
serious
traffic
confusion
in
the
whole
area.
2．not
until置于句首，主句要部分倒装
直到考试不及格我才意识到已经浪费了多少时间。
Not
until
I
failed
in
the
exam
did
I
realize_how
much
time
I
had
wasted.
3.the
first/second.../the
only/last/形容词最高级＋名词＋to
do
她总是第一个去办公室最后一个离开的员工，我认为这就是她这么快得到晋升的原因。
She
is
always
the
first
staff
to
go
to
the
office_and
the
last
to
leave,
which
I
think
is
why
she
is
promoted
so
quickly.
单元语法
1．Being
taken
(take)
abroad
for
a
tour
can
be
a
great
honor
for
an
ordinary
person
like
me.
2．When
I
was
at
college
I
spoke
(speak)
three
foreign
languages
but
I
have
forgotten
(forget)
all
except
a
few
words
of
each.
3．It
is
said
that
the
pen
writes
(write)
well,
so
I
bought
one
for
my
sister
yesterday.
4．As
is
known
to
us
all,
health
depends
(depend)
on
good
food,
fresh
air
and
enough
sleep.
5．She
possesses
(possess)
the
car
now
but
it
belonged
(belong)
to
her
sister
before.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．他是第一个到南极的探险家之一。
(the
first...to...；Antarctica；explorer)
2．刚开始踏上南极时，他很不适应那里的环境。
(set
foot
on；adapt
to)
3．曾经有一次他遇到了紧急情况，被困在暴风雪中，在零下30度的野外几乎失去知觉。
(emergency；trap；minus；numb)
4．当时他很担心，万一有危险该怎么办？他告诉自己要镇定，最终他被救了。
(in
case
of)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
He
was
one
of
the
first
explorers
to
go
to
Antarctica.
At
the
beginning
when
he
set
foot
on
Antarctica,
he
didn’t
adapt
to
the
conditions
there.
Once
he
met
with
an
emergency
where
he
was
trapped
in
a
snowstorm.
He
was
almost
numb
at
minus
30℃
in
the
field.
He
was
concerned
that
what
he
should
do
in
case
of
danger.
He
told
himself
to
keep
calm
and
at
last
he
was
saved.(共41张PPT)
Module
1 Deep
South
via
trap
crew
privilege
abnormal
absence
tiresome
depressing
discourage
inspiration
救生船
(乘船的)旅行，航行
漂流，漂泊
仪式性的；正式的
刺眼的光
强烈的
太阳镜；墨镜
防晒霜
艰难的，艰巨的
视力；目力
晒伤的
零下
麻木的；失去知觉的
霜；霜冻
衣服；(尤指)某种服装
轻便的；便携的
干净的；不含有害物质的
毫米；千分之一米
日出
日落
日光；白天
孤单的，孤立的
平台
粉；粉末
最少量；最小数
不很昂贵的；适中的
奢侈品
温暖舒适的
宿舍；寝室
(工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
储存，储备
待洗的衣物
紧急情况；突发事情
常规的；普通的
困难的，棘手的
脆弱的；易碎的
娇气的，纤弱的
传说；故事
可靠性
难理解的，晦涩的
亲密的
居住
洞察力，眼光
come
into
sight
break
up
come
up
with
take
a
risk
keep
one’s
promise
discourage
sb.from
doing
sth.
in
case
of
set
off
in
detail
leave
behind
Endurance
sink
into
While
on
their
journey
watched
the
At
in/within
of
out
of
sight
at
the
sight
of
came
into
sight
打碎
分手
分解
放假
broke
out
had
broken
into
discouraged
discouraging
discouraged
discouraging
discourage
him
from
going
abroad
in
in
as
In
that
case
In
any
case
Unless
invited
If
so
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本部分内容讲解结束(共40张PPT)
Module
1 Deep
South
statements
in
It
to
from
for
to
had
been
trapped
trapped
trapping
into
stands
out
among
the
rest
stand
by
stand
for
against
balanced
keep
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation
lost
his
balance
keep
your
balance
促进；增进
提升；晋升
推销；促销
to
promote
was
promoted
promotion
talking
laughing
bought
to
do
until
until
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