人类科技发展到今天， 早已能够上天下海。那么人类是否已无所不能了呢？还是让我们先去看一看百慕大三角再下结论吧！
We like to consider ourselves the superior race, and we are.It’s true that we are getting to know more and more, and we actually live in “the information age”．Our human vanity(虚荣心) makes us believe that we really have to know everything!
Surprisingly, we do not have this ability.The question “What is happening in the Bermuda Triangle(百慕大三角)？” is the very proof(证据)．
Where is the Bermuda Triangle located？The mysterious triangle is believed to be situated between Florida, Bermuda and Puerto Rico, where too many unusual events have happened.
On December 5th, 1945, five U．S.military planes took off from Florida on a clear day only to disappear over Bermuda.Furthermore, some other disappearances took place: in 1947, an American C54 plane simply disappeared at 100 miles from
Bermuda；at 80 miles, a Star Tiger plane disappeared in 1948.
Even Columbus had trouble in Bermuda.Some of his journals were about the strange happenings there：“the waters are changing their color”and“compasses are going wild”．
Maybe it’s why it is called the Devil’s triangle or the Atlantic cemetery(公墓)．
Many hypotheses(假设) were stated in order to explain the strange events.In spite of these attempts, the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle remains unsolved.
Some people get to say that maybe aliens are involved in it.Other imaginative scientists relate the happenings in Bermuda to Einstein’s theory, saying that the missing ships and planes are translated to another dimension(维度) of space and time and taken into another world.
Maybe we will just have to wait to go to Heaven and ask the one who made it.The answer will surely be a satisfying one!
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up
1．incident n． 发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)
2．disappear vi. 消失；失踪
3．witness n. 目击者，证人
vt. 目击，见证
4．creature n. 动物；(具有某种特征的)人
5．flash n．&vi. 闪光，闪耀
6．occur vi. 发生
7．aboard adv.& prep. 在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上；上(轮船、飞机、火车等)
8．dismiss vt. 不予考虑；解雇；解散
9．case n. 案件；具体情况，实例
10．unexplained adj.无法解释的，神秘的→unexplainable adj.不可解释的；费解的→explain v．说明；解释→explanation n．解释；说明
11．puzzled adj. 困惑的，茫然的→puzzle n．难题；谜vt.使为难；使困惑vi.苦思；迷惑→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的；茫然不知所措的
12．assume vt. 假定；认为→assumption n．假定；设想→assumed adj.假定的；假装的
13．construction n. 施工；建筑物→construct vt.建造；构筑→constructive adj.建设性的；构造上的
14．possibility n. 可能性→possible adj.可能的；尽可能的→possibly adv.可能地；也许
15．journalist n. 记者→journal n．日志；日记；期刊
16．amazing adj. 令人惊奇(惊叹)的→amaze vt.使吃惊 vi.惊讶n.吃惊；好奇→amazed adj.吃惊的
17．evidence n．证据→evident adj.明白的；明显的
18．injury n. 伤害→injure vt.伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的
19．laughter n. 笑，笑声→laugh v．发笑；嘲笑n.笑声；笑；笑料
20．astronomer n. 天文学家→astronomy n．天文学
1．step up 加紧，加强，促进
2．due to 由于，因为
3．show up 出现，现身
4．take charge of 负责，掌管
5．make up 编造，杜撰；构成
6．look into 调查
7．run into 偶然遇见；撞上
8．put on 穿上；播放；增加(体重)；上演
9．search for 搜寻；寻找
10．go missing 失踪
1．why引导表语从句
That’s why(那就是为什么) it is called a UFO!
2．完全倒装句
Standing inside were(里面站着) lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
3．so that引导目的状语从句
The aliens took me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me(以便对我进行研究)．
4．状语从句的省略
When asked about(当被问及) the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson...
5．while引导让步状语从句
So，while we have not dismissed the idea(尽管我们不排除这种想法)，we are looking into other possibilities as well.
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．The reason why people were interested in the disappearance of the child is that________．
A．the lost boy was 15 years old
B．the police advised them to do so
C．the disappearance might have something to do with the UFO and the alien
D．all of the above
2．In the seventh paragraph，“show up” means “________”．
A．arrive or appear B．reach
C．disappear D．reach for
3．We can infer that the boy might go missing ________．
A．in his own room B．on the playground
C．in Kelly’s room D．in his brother’s room
4．What is the attitude of the police to the disappearance of the boy?
A．They can’t make sure that Justin was taken by aliens.
B．They think it possible for some people to make up an amazing story.
C．They are looking into other possibilities，such as murder.
D．All of the above.
答案：1－4.CAAD
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．However, since Mrs Foster thought that Justin was spending the night with a friend, she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream, and sent her back to bed.
However, since Mrs Foster thought that Justin was spending the night with a friend是由since引导的________从句，在这个从句中又包含一个由that引导的宾语从句；she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream, and sent her back to bed是主句； that Kelly was having a bad dream是that引导的________从句，and是并列连词，连接并列句。
[尝试翻译] _____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：原因状语；宾语；但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜了，因此她认为凯莉只是做了一个噩梦，于是将她打发回床上。
2．When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens, Detective Sam Peterson, who has taken charge of the case, told journalists, ‘Sometimes people make up such amazing stories...’
When asked about the possibility是状语从句的省略，省略了he was; that Justin was taken by aliens，是________从句，进一步解释possibility; who has taken charge of the case，是定语从句，修饰Sam Peterson; Sometimes people make up such amazing stories是________从句。
[尝试翻译] _____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：同位语；宾语；当被问到贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者：“有时人们会虚构这类令人惊奇的故事……”
Boy missing, police puzzled①
Police in America have stepped up② their search for a fifteen－year－old boy who went missing③ three days ago in Dover, New Hampshire④.This incident⑤ has received great interest due to⑥ reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien ⑦visits around the time⑧the boy disappeared⑨.
Justin Foster, a high school student⑩， was last seen Friday night.That evening at 8 p．m.，Justin went to play baseball with two friends, who both say Justin went home after the game?. Witnesses? also say they saw Justin walking? towards his house at 10.45 p．m.Justin’s sister, Kelly, aged nine?, says she heard her brother return home?at about 11 p．m.
①puzzled['p?zld]adj.困惑的，茫然的
②step up加紧，加强，促进
③go missing失踪
④who引导定语从句，修饰a fifteen－year－old boy。
⑤incident['InsId?nt]n.发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)
⑥due to由于，因为
⑦alien['eIlI?n]n.& adj.外星人(的)
⑧around the time在……前后
⑨disappear[?dIs?'pI?(r)]vi.消失；失踪 appear vi.出现
the boy disappeared是省略了关系副词when的定语从句，修饰time。
⑩a high school student作Justin Foster的同位语。
?who引导定语从句，修饰two friends。
?witness['wItn?s]n. 目击者，证人vt.目击，见证
?see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
?过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Kelly。
?hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事
男孩失踪，警方茫然
美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后天空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的报道。
人们最后一次看见高中生贾斯廷·福斯特是在星期五晚上。当晚8点，贾斯廷和两个朋友去打棒球，这两个朋友都说贾斯廷打完球就回家了。目击者也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷正朝家走去。贾斯廷的妹妹，9岁的凯莉说大约晚上11点她听到哥哥回到家中。
‘I was getting ready for bed，’ Kelly said.‘Justin went straight to his room.I didn’t see him, but I heard him put on? his favourite CD.I went to bed, and was woken up? around? midnight by a bright light outside my window.’
At first, the young girl thought it was the light of the full moon, but then she realized that it was moving and coming closer.
‘I pulled back? the curtains and saw a large spaceship? flying outside.It had blue lights all around it, and there were many windows. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures( with white skin and large black eyes(.I was frightened！’
?put on播放(激光唱片、磁带等)
?wake sb.up把某人弄醒
?around相当于about，意思是“大约”。
?pull back把……向后拉
?spaceship['speIs?Ip]n.宇宙飞船
(creature['kri?t??(r)]n.动物；(具有某种特征的)人
(该句是一个倒装句，正常语序是：Lots of strange crea－tures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside。
“我正准备上床睡觉，”凯莉说，“贾斯廷径直去他的卧室了。我并没有看到他，但我听到他播放自己最喜爱的CD。我上床睡觉了，大约午夜时分我被窗外的亮光弄醒了。”
起初，小姑娘以为是满月的光亮，然而接着她意识到光亮在移动，而且越来越近。
“我拉开窗帘，看到一只巨大的飞船在窗外飞行。飞船四周是蓝色的光，还有很多窗户。里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。我害怕极了！”
Kelly said that the spaceship then moved around to the side of the house, towards her brother’s bedroom. ‘There was a flash( of light and I heard Justin shout, and then the UFO( just disappeared.I haven’t seen Justin since(. I’m sure the aliens took him.’
Kelly then ran and woke up her mother. However(，since( Mrs Foster thought that Justin was spending the night with a friend, she assumed( that Kelly was having a bad dream, and sent her back to bed.Mr Foster was work－ing that night on his road construction( job, and was not home when( these events occurred(.When Justin did not show up( for lunch the next day, Mrs Foster became worried and told her husband to call the police.
(flash[fl??]n.& vi.闪光，闪耀
(UFO[?ju? ef'??]abbr.不明飞行物(unidentified flying object的缩写)
(since adv.从那以后，通常用在现在完成时的句子中。
(however在本句中是一个副词，意思是“然而”。
(since conj.因为；由于
(assume[?'sju?m]vt.假定；认为
(construction[k?n'str?k?n]n.施工；建筑物
(when引导时间状语从句。
(occur[?'k??(r)]vi.发生
(show up出现，现身
凯莉说飞船接着转到房子的侧面，朝她哥哥的卧室(移去)。“出现一道闪光，我还听到贾斯延的叫喊，接着飞船就消失了。从那以后我就再没见过贾斯廷。我确定是外星人带走了他。”
凯莉然后跑去叫醒她的妈妈。但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜了，因此她认为凯莉只是做了一个噩梦，于是将她打发回床上。福斯特先生当晚忙于他的道路建设工作，当这些事件发生时他并不在家。第二天午饭时贾斯廷仍未露面，福斯特夫人开始担心了，于是让丈夫打电话报警。
Some people in Dover also say that they saw aliens that night. ‘It’s happened to me(！’ said Mrs Mavis Wood.‘The aliens took me aboard( the UFO so that they could do research on me(.Luckily, they returned me home without any injuries(.The whole experience was terrible! I haven’t been sleeping well since I returned home.I think Justin was taken away by them, too.’
When asked about the possibility( that Justin was taken by aliens( , Detective( Sam Peterson, who has taken charge of( the case( , told journalists( , ‘Sometimes people make up( such amazing( stories.There’s really no hard evidence(that aliens took him(.So, while we have not dismissed( the idea(, we are looking into( other possibilities as well.We will not give up( until we find out( what happ－ened.’
(happen to sb./sth.发生在某人/物身上
happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
(aboard[?'b??d]adv.& prep.在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上；上(轮船、飞机、火车等)
(do research on sb.对某人进行研究
so that为了，引导目的状语从句。
(injury['Ind??rI]n.伤害
(possibility[?p?s?'bIl?tI]n.可能性
(when asked为状语从句的省略；that引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的内容。
(detective[dI'tektIv]n.侦探
(take charge of负责，掌管
(case[keIs]n.案件；具体情况，实例
(journalist['d???n?lIst]n.记者
(make up编造，杜撰；构成
(amazing[?'meIzI?]adj.令人惊奇(惊叹)的
(evidence['evId?ns]n.证据 hard evidence确凿的证据
(that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容。
(dismiss[dIs'mIs]vt.不予考虑；解雇；解散
(while conj.尽管，引导让步状语从句。
(look into调查
(give up放弃
(find out弄清楚，查明
多佛市的一些人也声称当晚看见了外星人。“这种事在我身上就发生过！”梅韦斯·伍德夫人说，“那些外星人把我带到UFO上以便对我进行研究。幸运的是，他们送我回家了，我没有受到任何伤害。整个经历太可怕了！回家之后我一直睡不好觉。我认为贾斯廷也是被他们劫持走了。”
当被问到贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者：“有时人们会虚构这类令人惊奇的故事。事实上并没有确凿的证据证明是外星人劫持了他。所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。在查明到底发生了什么事之前，我们是不会放弃的。”
A卷
阅读理解
A
Over the years, hundreds, if not thousands, of priceless cultural and historical artifacts(手工艺品) have been stolen. They usually end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums. Though most of these stolen artifacts remain lost, many have been recovered and returned to their rightful homes.
Christopher Columbus is considered the most famous explorer in history. In 1493, he wrote an eight－page letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, who supported his historic voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. The letter, which was written in Latin, told Columbus’ first impressions of Cuba and Hispaniola.
The historic letter was stolen from a library in Florence, Italy, in 1950. There was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didn’t notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew that. The priceless artifact appeared again in 1990 when it was bought by a collector in Switzerland. In 1992, it was sold in New York for $400，000. In 2004, it landed in the U．S.Library of Congress. It was only in 2016 that the 500－year－old document was returned to Italy.
In 2012, several figurines(小雕像) were caught at the John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. The priceless artifacts were displayed in the Nigerian National Museum, but they mysteriously disappeared later.
The 2，000－year－old figurines were created by the Nok people, an ancient culture that lived in Nigeria more than 2，000 years ago. What a surprise it is to find them again！“One feature of the recovered figurines is that each one has a distinctive(与众不同的) face.” Habib Baba Habu, who served as Nigeria’s consul general during the time of the recovery, explained that this was typical of Nok sculpture. According to him, Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。近年来有很多珍贵的历史文物被盗，通过努力也追回了一些，本文介绍了其中两件。
1．Who have got many stolen artifacts over the years?
A．Library staff.
B．Greedy thieves.
C．Museum directors.
D．Artifacts collectors.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的They usually end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums.可知，被盗取的文物有的落在了一些文物收藏者手中。
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．The origin of Columbus’ letter.
B．The search for Columbus’ letter.
C．The process of Columbus’ voyage.
D．The reasons for Columbus’ being famous.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的In 1493, he wrote an eight－page letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain...可知，本段讲述了被盗走的那封信的由来。
3．Why did no one know the letter was stolen?
A．Because it was replaced by a copy.
B．Because it was put at a hidden place.
C．Because the staff were busy with other things.
D．Because the staff hid the facts from the public.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didn’t notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew that.可知，那封信被另一封高仿信取代了，所以没有人发现它被盗了。
4．What can we know about Nok people?
A．They helped set up Nigeria.
B．They stole some priceless artifacts.
C．They lived in Nigeria a thousand years ago.
D．They got inspiration for figurines from their life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的According to him, Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.可知，诺克人从生活中获得灵感，制作小雕像。
B
The world of nature is full of secrets.And they are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them.All around us are animals and plants.The facts about how they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.
Do you know that one of the great presidents of the U．S.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects that he began to collect them.He now has more than one thousand different kinds carefully kept in glass boxes.
Come then with me，and I will help you find some of nature’s secrets.Let us go quietly through the woods and fields.Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other ones that there is danger.We shall watch bees dancing in the air to let their peers know where they can find food.I will show you many other interesting things，but the best thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears open when you go out of doors.Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.
5．The passage mainly talks about________．
A．the secrets of nature B．animals’ food
C．the sights of the country D．the use of wild plants
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句The world of nature is full of secrets.可知，这是文章的中心句，说明全文要讲的是大自然的奥秘。
6．What did one of the presidents of the U．S.A. spend hours and hours studying?
A．Time. B．Birds.
C．Interesting people. D．Glass boxes.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的Do you know that one of the great presidents of the U．S.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？可知，答案为B。
7．All animals have their own________．
A．collection B．boxes
C．special “language” D．writing ability
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other ones that...when you go out of doors.可知，动物有其各自的“语言”。
8．According to the author，to learn the secrets of nature，people should________．
A．be busy B．live near New York
C．search for food D．look and listen carefully
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.“自然把她的奥秘只告诉给仔细看和听的人”可推断出答案。
C
Have you ever wondered?
1．Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?
It can take five hours to go west－east from New York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel east－west from London to NY.The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west－east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.
2．What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?
Supposing we could magically turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures(建筑物) float away？What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you turn something around your head on a string(细绳)，it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line.“Switching off” gravity would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling.Most things outside would fly off into space.
9．What information can we get from the first passage?
A．It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.
B．Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.
C．It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.
D．The jet stream always blows from the east across the Atlantic.
A 解析：推理判断题。从第一段可知大西洋上空特定的气流状况是影响飞机速度的重要因素。文中“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.”暗示了这一段的主旨。其余三项论述与文章内容不符。
10．The word “shoot” underlined in the 2nd passage probably means “________”．
A．send for B．move quickly
C．come out D．grow quickly
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文内容及科学常识我们知道若没有地球引力，建筑物内的人将可能快速地飞向某一方向。send for派人去请；come out发芽；出版；grow quickly快速成长/生长。A、C、D三项含义不对。
11．It can be inferred that without gravity________．
A．buildings and other structures would float away
B．trees and buildings would not so easily fly off
C．something around your head would not float away
D．everything outside buildings would fly off space
B 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。
12．Where can we most probably read this text?
A．In a research paper. B．In a short story.
C．In a travel magazine. D．In a student’s book.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文或旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。
七选五
If you’ve ever had a bad night of sleep, you know it’s difficult to stay awake in class when you’re tired. Classrooms can be boring and dark. 1.________ To keep yourself awake, you can try to participate in class.
Participate in class discussion. Ask and answer questions about the lecture. 2.________ Actually, it might be helpful to set a goal of answering or asking at least 3 questions per class. This is because talking will help you stay alert(警觉的)．
Take detailed notes. This is a good way to help you focus on the lecture and stay engaged. Listen closely to the lecture and try to take as detailed notes as possible. You can use different pens to mark different sections. 3.________
4．________ Listening actively is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement(参与) of your mind as well as your body. Even if you don’t take notes, listening actively can help you keep your eyes open for the contents of the lesson.
Interact with your classmates. 5.________ Engage in conversation and contribute meaningful points. Try to sit yourself near students who always volunteer to speak in class and you will have a lot to say in discussion.
A．Listen actively to the lesson.
B．Some people may refuse to take notes.
C．And your teacher’s voice might make you sleepier.
D．Try to take notes carefully to help you stay awake.
E．Group discussions are a great time to keep you awake.
F．This will help if you’re bored with the content of the lecture.
G．You can also change colors occasionally to keep your mind alert.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，与本段第一句构成解释关系。本句和前一句都是对第一句进行解释，说明前一天晚上休息不好对第二天上课的影响。
2．F 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的This指代的是前一句中的Ask and answer questions about the lecture.。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是对前一句的进一步补充。本句前一句讲，你可以用不同的笔来标记不同的部分，此句进一步补充说明你也可以偶尔换一下笔的颜色来使你保持警觉。
4．A 解析：此处设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要就是围绕积极主动地听讲而展开的。
5．E 解析：此空设于段中，是对前一句的解释。本句是通过举例对第一句中的Interact with your classmates.进行进一步解释。
B卷
阅读理解
Though American runner Meb Keflezighi had retired(退役), he had one more task. At the age of 42, he ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF). The organization, created by Martin’s parents, honors the memory of the eight－year－old boy who was killed in the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon.
Born in Eritrea, a country in the Horn of Africa, Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up. “No running water, no electricity，” he said. “You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.”
For Keflezighi, running has always been a way of life. “It’s what I love to do, and it’s who I am，” he said. Keflezighi won the 2014 Boston Marathon and the 2009 New York City Marathon, and got a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens, Greece.
Keflezighi retired from competition after the 2016 New York City Marathon. But he decided to run one last race. “I’m happy with my achievements，” he said. “Now, I’ll help others reach their goals.”
On the morning of April 16, Keflezighi set out from the starting line with more than 27，000 other marathoners. They raced through Boston’s hilly streets, heavy winds and cold rain. Those were “the most difficult conditions I’ve ever run in，” Keflezighi said after the race.
Keflezighi finished in 3 hours and 13 seconds, nearly an hour slower than his winning time at the 2014 Boston Marathon. But this year, Keflezighi was running not for the prize, but for a cause.
“Marathon Meb”， as he is called, is still inspiring others. He said, “We all have difficult situations, but as long as we can overcome those, there’s the finish line waiting for us.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。马拉松名将Meb Keflezighi 在宣布退役之后又一次参加马拉松比赛，但这次他的参赛目的不是夺取冠军，而是为一个组织筹备资金。
1．Why did Keflezighi run another race after he had decided to retire?
A．To raise money for an organization.
B．To express thankfulness to Martin’s parents.
C．To try running in the most difficult conditions.
D．To encourage people to face difficulties bravely.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Though American runner Meb Keflezighi...ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF)．”可知，他再次参加比赛是为一个组织筹集资金。
2．How was Meb Keflezighi’s life like as a child?
A．Hard. B．Lonely.
C．Exciting. D．Peaceful.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up...‘You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.’”可推断，Keflezighi 幼年时的生活非常艰苦。
3．What can we learn about the 2018 Boston Marathon?
A．It was supported by MRF.
B．It was held in very bad weather.
C．Keflezighi broke his own record at this race.
D．Keflezighi decided to run another race after this one.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“heavy winds and cold rain”和“the most difficult conditions”可知，2018年波士顿马拉松比赛举行当天，风雨交加，天气状况不好。
4．What does the underlined word “inspiring” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Helping. B．Training.
C．Questioning. D．Encouraging.
D 解析：词义猜测题。画线单词的意思可以通过Keflezighi 接下来所说的话体现出来。他告诉人们：我们都会身处困境，但只要我们能够克服困难，就能到达终点。他的话是在鼓励人们要勇敢面对并克服困难。
完形填空
It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman. I chose a cheap airline(航空公司) to fly back to __1__ after Christmas break. The airline __2__ my flight to Spokane and I was left overnight in Seattle.
As a 16－year－old young girl, I felt __3__ because I didn’t have enough money for a __4__ and how to spend a night became a problem. I stood at the customer service counter, __5__， trying to fight back tears. Then a woman __6__ me and said she’d like to take me to her home and she’d get me __7__ to the airport in the morning. Having gotten off the same flight as me, she had her own two kids to __8__， but she said, as a mother, she __9__ to leave me alone to spend the night in the airport.
She took me to her home and __10__ me to a good meal. And then she had her own kids __11__ one bedroom so that there was an extra room for me __12__ she gave me all her contact information and told me to __13__ my mom and let her know where I would stay.
Now I have two kids of my own, living a super __14__ but happy life. Therefore, I __15__ even more the fact that a __16__， who had two children at home, was willing to help me in spite of the __17__. College was my dream, but my family faced a really tough situation and I was __18__ dropping out(辍学) then. It was this woman who made a __19__ in my life and her act caused me to have the courage to __20__ my studies. At last, I got a doctor degree.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者乘特价飞机回学校，但由于航班被取消，她滞留在机场。在一位好心妇女的帮助下她渡过了难关。她将对那位妇女的感激化为学习的动力，最后获得了博士学位。
1．A.town B．home
C．college D．business
C 解析：根据上文的It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman.及后文的College was my dream, but...可知，作者应该是圣诞节假期后准备返回大学(college)。
2．A.called off B．gave up
C．announced D．selected
A 解析：根据后文的I was left overnight in Seattle可知，航空公司应该是取消(called off)了作者的航班，作者滞留在西雅图机场。
3．A.tired B．lonely
C．curious D．helpless
D 解析：根据后文的because I didn’t have enough money...how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有足够的钱，晚上住哪里成了问题，作者感到很无助(helpless)。
4．A.gift B．flight
C．meal D．hotel
D 解析：根据后文的how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有钱住旅馆(hotel)。
5．A.calm B．sad
C．nervous D．eager
B 解析：根据后文的trying to fight back tears可知，作者很伤心(sad)。
6．A.noticed B．attracted
C．understood D．recognized
A 解析：根据语境可知，这里是说一位妇女注意到(noticed)作者悲伤的样子。
7．A.away B．off
C．back D．down
C 解析：那位妇女说她愿意带作者回她家住，并会在第二天早上再将作者送回(back)机场。
8．A.protect B．educate
C．believe in D．look after
D 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女家里有两个孩子要照顾(look after)。
9．A.failed B．helped
C．refused D．managed
C 解析：尽管那位妇女家里有急需照顾的孩子，但作为一个母亲，她也不愿(refused)留作者一个人在机场过夜。
10．A.led B．treated
C．showed D．pushed
B 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女带作者回到她的家中并招待(treated)作者吃了丰盛的饭菜。
11．A.clean B．check
C．share D．decorate
C 解析：根据后文的so that there was an extra room for me可知，那位妇女让自己的孩子共用(share)一间卧室，以便让出一间卧室给作者住。
12．A.after B．unless
C．since D．because
A 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女先将自己的联系信息给作者，并让作者给她的妈妈打电话，让她的家人放心，然后才安排作者住下。故after符合语境。
13．A.call B．thank
C．remind D．persuade
A 解析：根据后文的let her know where I would stay可知，那位妇女让作者给她的妈妈打电话(call)，让她妈妈知道自己会待在哪里。
14．A.crazy B．busy
C．boring D．healthy
B 解析：根据语境可知，现在作者自己也有了孩子，过着忙碌(busy)而又幸福的生活，所以她更加感激(appreciated)多年前那位有着两个孩子的母亲对自己的无私帮助。
15．A.admitted B．concerned
C．praised D．appreciated
D 解析：参见上题解析。
16．A.friend B．stranger
C．passenger D．tourist
B 解析：根据上文可知，那位热心帮助作者的妇女以前不认识作者，是个陌生人(stranger)。
17．A.pain B．pressure
C．trouble D．danger
C 解析：根据上文可知，尽管家里有两个孩子急需照顾，那位妇女还是愿意不怕麻烦(trouble)，给予作者帮助。
18．A.minding B．avoiding
C．regretting D．considering
D 解析：根据上文的my family faced a really tough situation可知，作者家境窘迫，她那时正考虑(considering)辍学。
19．A.plan B．difference
C．choice D．decision
B 解析：根据下文可知，那位妇女的善意行为对作者产生了很大的影响。make a difference符合语境。
20．A.continue B．forget
C．repeat D．ignore
A 解析：根据后文的At last, I got a doctor degree.可知，那位妇女的行为使得作者有勇气继续(continue)自己的学业，最后作者取得了博士学位。
语法填空
Do you know what the number one killer in the United States is? According to researches, heart disease 1.____________ (think) to cause the most deaths in the U．S. With all the junk food that is available nowadays, heart disease has turned into the biggest problem today.
So what’s the 2.____________ (solve) to this problem？The answer is simple. We just need to eat healthier food and the risk of heart disease will be 3.____________ (great) reduced.In fact, we can add about 15 years to our lives by just 4.____________ (change) a few things in our diets.
To have a healthy body, we need to eat more raw(未经加工的) foods, and most importantly，vegetables. 5.____________ reason why people in the past 6.____________ (seek)ways to cook food is that the food was often 7.____________(dirt). In African villages, people must go to rivers and get water 8.____________ them. They boiled it first 9.____________(kill) bacteria and then they would drink it. Nowadays, the food we get from stores is basically edible(可食用的). It is very safe for us to eat already, 10.____________ means we are not taking any risks if we have raw food diets.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了从饮食上减少心脏病的有效方法。
1．is thought 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。heart disease和think之间是被动关系，且是一般性的表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
2．solution 解析：考查名词。根据前面的冠词the可知，此处用名词solution作表语。
3．greatly 解析：考查副词。修饰动词reduced，因此用great的副词形式，意为“极大地”。
4．changing 解析：考查非谓语动词。by是介词，因此后面用动名词作介词的宾语。
5．The 解析：考查冠词。reason在这里是特指，why引导定语从句，因此用定冠词the。
6．sought 解析：考查动词的时态。in the past表明此处应该用一般过去时。
7．dirty 解析：考查形容词。系动词was后面应该接形容词作表语。
8．from 解析：考查介词。这里表示“从河里取水”，因此用介词from。
9．to kill 解析：考查非谓语动词。他们把水煮开的目的是杀死细菌，因此这里用不定式表目的。
10．which 解析：考查关系代词。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，which在句中作主语。
课件49张PPT。Unit 1 Tales of the unexplainedUnit 1 Tales of the unexplainedUnit 1 Tales of the unexplainedUnit 1 Tales of the unexplainedUnit 1 Tales of the unexplainedUnit 1 Tales of the unexplained本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
阅读理解
A
Over the years, hundreds, if not thousands, of priceless cultural and historical artifacts(手工艺品) have been stolen. They usually end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums. Though most of these stolen artifacts remain lost, many have been recovered and returned to their rightful homes.
Christopher Columbus is considered the most famous explorer in history. In 1493, he wrote an eight－page letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, who supported his historic voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. The letter, which was written in Latin, told Columbus’ first impressions of Cuba and Hispaniola.
The historic letter was stolen from a library in Florence, Italy, in 1950. There was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didn’t notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew that. The priceless artifact appeared again in 1990 when it was bought by a collector in Switzerland. In 1992, it was sold in New York for $400，000. In 2004, it landed in the U．S.Library of Congress. It was only in 2016 that the 500－year－old document was returned to Italy.
In 2012, several figurines(小雕像) were caught at the John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. The priceless artifacts were displayed in the Nigerian National Museum, but they mysteriously disappeared later.
The 2，000－year－old figurines were created by the Nok people, an ancient culture that lived in Nigeria more than 2，000 years ago. What a surprise it is to find them again！“One feature of the recovered figurines is that each one has a distinctive(与众不同的) face.” Habib Baba Habu, who served as Nigeria’s consul general during the time of the recovery, explained that this was typical of Nok sculpture. According to him, Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。近年来有很多珍贵的历史文物被盗，通过努力也追回了一些，本文介绍了其中两件。
1．Who have got many stolen artifacts over the years?
A．Library staff.
B．Greedy thieves.
C．Museum directors.
D．Artifacts collectors.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的They usually end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums.可知，被盗取的文物有的落在了一些文物收藏者手中。
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．The origin of Columbus’ letter.
B．The search for Columbus’ letter.
C．The process of Columbus’ voyage.
D．The reasons for Columbus’ being famous.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的In 1493, he wrote an eight－page letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain...可知，本段讲述了被盗走的那封信的由来。
3．Why did no one know the letter was stolen?
A．Because it was replaced by a copy.
B．Because it was put at a hidden place.
C．Because the staff were busy with other things.
D．Because the staff hid the facts from the public.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didn’t notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew that.可知，那封信被另一封高仿信取代了，所以没有人发现它被盗了。
4．What can we know about Nok people?
A．They helped set up Nigeria.
B．They stole some priceless artifacts.
C．They lived in Nigeria a thousand years ago.
D．They got inspiration for figurines from their life.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据末段的According to him, Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.可知，诺克人从生活中获得灵感，制作小雕像。
B
The world of nature is full of secrets.And they are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them.All around us are animals and plants.The facts about how they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.
Do you know that one of the great presidents of the U．S.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects that he began to collect them.He now has more than one thousand different kinds carefully kept in glass boxes.
Come then with me，and I will help you find some of nature’s secrets.Let us go quietly through the woods and fields.Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other ones that there is danger.We shall watch bees dancing in the air to let their peers know where they can find food.I will show you many other interesting things，but the best thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears open when you go out of doors.Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.
5．The passage mainly talks about________．
A．the secrets of nature B．animals’ food
C．the sights of the country D．the use of wild plants
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句The world of nature is full of secrets.可知，这是文章的中心句，说明全文要讲的是大自然的奥秘。
6．What did one of the presidents of the U．S.A. spend hours and hours studying?
A．Time. B．Birds.
C．Interesting people. D．Glass boxes.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的Do you know that one of the great presidents of the U．S.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？可知，答案为B。
7．All animals have their own________．
A．collection B．boxes
C．special “language” D．writing ability
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other ones that...when you go out of doors.可知，动物有其各自的“语言”。
8．According to the author，to learn the secrets of nature，people should________．
A．be busy B．live near New York
C．search for food D．look and listen carefully
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.“自然把她的奥秘只告诉给仔细看和听的人”可推断出答案。
C
Have you ever wondered?
1．Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?
It can take five hours to go west－east from New York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel east－west from London to NY.The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west－east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.
2．What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?
Supposing we could magically turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures(建筑物) float away？What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you turn something around your head on a string(细绳)，it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line.“Switching off” gravity would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling.Most things outside would fly off into space.
9．What information can we get from the first passage?
A．It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.
B．Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.
C．It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.
D．The jet stream always blows from the east across the Atlantic.
A 解析：推理判断题。从第一段可知大西洋上空特定的气流状况是影响飞机速度的重要因素。文中“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.”暗示了这一段的主旨。其余三项论述与文章内容不符。
10．The word “shoot” underlined in the 2nd passage probably means “________”．
A．send for B．move quickly
C．come out D．grow quickly
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文内容及科学常识我们知道若没有地球引力，建筑物内的人将可能快速地飞向某一方向。send for派人去请；come out发芽；出版；grow quickly快速成长/生长。A、C、D三项含义不对。
11．It can be inferred that without gravity________．
A．buildings and other structures would float away
B．trees and buildings would not so easily fly off
C．something around your head would not float away
D．everything outside buildings would fly off space
B 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。
12．Where can we most probably read this text?
A．In a research paper. B．In a short story.
C．In a travel magazine. D．In a student’s book.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文或旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。
七选五
If you’ve ever had a bad night of sleep, you know it’s difficult to stay awake in class when you’re tired. Classrooms can be boring and dark. 1.________ To keep yourself awake, you can try to participate in class.
Participate in class discussion. Ask and answer questions about the lecture. 2.________ Actually, it might be helpful to set a goal of answering or asking at least 3 questions per class. This is because talking will help you stay alert(警觉的)．
Take detailed notes. This is a good way to help you focus on the lecture and stay engaged. Listen closely to the lecture and try to take as detailed notes as possible. You can use different pens to mark different sections. 3.________
4．________ Listening actively is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement(参与) of your mind as well as your body. Even if you don’t take notes, listening actively can help you keep your eyes open for the contents of the lesson.
Interact with your classmates. 5.________ Engage in conversation and contribute meaningful points. Try to sit yourself near students who always volunteer to speak in class and you will have a lot to say in discussion.
A．Listen actively to the lesson.
B．Some people may refuse to take notes.
C．And your teacher’s voice might make you sleepier.
D．Try to take notes carefully to help you stay awake.
E．Group discussions are a great time to keep you awake.
F．This will help if you’re bored with the content of the lecture.
G．You can also change colors occasionally to keep your mind alert.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，与本段第一句构成解释关系。本句和前一句都是对第一句进行解释，说明前一天晚上休息不好对第二天上课的影响。
2．F 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的This指代的是前一句中的Ask and answer questions about the lecture.。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是对前一句的进一步补充。本句前一句讲，你可以用不同的笔来标记不同的部分，此句进一步补充说明你也可以偶尔换一下笔的颜色来使你保持警觉。
4．A 解析：此处设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要就是围绕积极主动地听讲而展开的。
5．E 解析：此空设于段中，是对前一句的解释。本句是通过举例对第一句中的Interact with your classmates.进行进一步解释。
B卷
阅读理解
Though American runner Meb Keflezighi had retired(退役), he had one more task. At the age of 42, he ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF). The organization, created by Martin’s parents, honors the memory of the eight－year－old boy who was killed in the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon.
Born in Eritrea, a country in the Horn of Africa, Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up. “No running water, no electricity，” he said. “You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.”
For Keflezighi, running has always been a way of life. “It’s what I love to do, and it’s who I am，” he said. Keflezighi won the 2014 Boston Marathon and the 2009 New York City Marathon, and got a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens, Greece.
Keflezighi retired from competition after the 2016 New York City Marathon. But he decided to run one last race. “I’m happy with my achievements，” he said. “Now, I’ll help others reach their goals.”
On the morning of April 16, Keflezighi set out from the starting line with more than 27，000 other marathoners. They raced through Boston’s hilly streets, heavy winds and cold rain. Those were “the most difficult conditions I’ve ever run in，” Keflezighi said after the race.
Keflezighi finished in 3 hours and 13 seconds, nearly an hour slower than his winning time at the 2014 Boston Marathon. But this year, Keflezighi was running not for the prize, but for a cause.
“Marathon Meb”， as he is called, is still inspiring others. He said, “We all have difficult situations, but as long as we can overcome those, there’s the finish line waiting for us.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。马拉松名将Meb Keflezighi 在宣布退役之后又一次参加马拉松比赛，但这次他的参赛目的不是夺取冠军，而是为一个组织筹备资金。
1．Why did Keflezighi run another race after he had decided to retire?
A．To raise money for an organization.
B．To express thankfulness to Martin’s parents.
C．To try running in the most difficult conditions.
D．To encourage people to face difficulties bravely.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Though American runner Meb Keflezighi...ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF)．”可知，他再次参加比赛是为一个组织筹集资金。
2．How was Meb Keflezighi’s life like as a child?
A．Hard. B．Lonely.
C．Exciting. D．Peaceful.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up...‘You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.’”可推断，Keflezighi 幼年时的生活非常艰苦。
3．What can we learn about the 2018 Boston Marathon?
A．It was supported by MRF.
B．It was held in very bad weather.
C．Keflezighi broke his own record at this race.
D．Keflezighi decided to run another race after this one.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“heavy winds and cold rain”和“the most difficult conditions”可知，2018年波士顿马拉松比赛举行当天，风雨交加，天气状况不好。
4．What does the underlined word “inspiring” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Helping. B．Training.
C．Questioning. D．Encouraging.
D 解析：词义猜测题。画线单词的意思可以通过Keflezighi 接下来所说的话体现出来。他告诉人们：我们都会身处困境，但只要我们能够克服困难，就能到达终点。他的话是在鼓励人们要勇敢面对并克服困难。
完形填空
It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman. I chose a cheap airline(航空公司) to fly back to __1__ after Christmas break. The airline __2__ my flight to Spokane and I was left overnight in Seattle.
As a 16－year－old young girl, I felt __3__ because I didn’t have enough money for a __4__ and how to spend a night became a problem. I stood at the customer service counter, __5__， trying to fight back tears. Then a woman __6__ me and said she’d like to take me to her home and she’d get me __7__ to the airport in the morning. Having gotten off the same flight as me, she had her own two kids to __8__， but she said, as a mother, she __9__ to leave me alone to spend the night in the airport.
She took me to her home and __10__ me to a good meal. And then she had her own kids __11__ one bedroom so that there was an extra room for me __12__ she gave me all her contact information and told me to __13__ my mom and let her know where I would stay.
Now I have two kids of my own, living a super __14__ but happy life. Therefore, I __15__ even more the fact that a __16__， who had two children at home, was willing to help me in spite of the __17__. College was my dream, but my family faced a really tough situation and I was __18__ dropping out(辍学) then. It was this woman who made a __19__ in my life and her act caused me to have the courage to __20__ my studies. At last, I got a doctor degree.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者乘特价飞机回学校，但由于航班被取消，她滞留在机场。在一位好心妇女的帮助下她渡过了难关。她将对那位妇女的感激化为学习的动力，最后获得了博士学位。
1．A.town B．home
C．college D．business
C 解析：根据上文的It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman.及后文的College was my dream, but...可知，作者应该是圣诞节假期后准备返回大学(college)。
2．A.called off B．gave up
C．announced D．selected
A 解析：根据后文的I was left overnight in Seattle可知，航空公司应该是取消(called off)了作者的航班，作者滞留在西雅图机场。
3．A.tired B．lonely
C．curious D．helpless
D 解析：根据后文的because I didn’t have enough money...how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有足够的钱，晚上住哪里成了问题，作者感到很无助(helpless)。
4．A.gift B．flight
C．meal D．hotel
D 解析：根据后文的how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有钱住旅馆(hotel)。
5．A.calm B．sad
C．nervous D．eager
B 解析：根据后文的trying to fight back tears可知，作者很伤心(sad)。
6．A.noticed B．attracted
C．understood D．recognized
A 解析：根据语境可知，这里是说一位妇女注意到(noticed)作者悲伤的样子。
7．A.away B．off
C．back D．down
C 解析：那位妇女说她愿意带作者回她家住，并会在第二天早上再将作者送回(back)机场。
8．A.protect B．educate
C．believe in D．look after
D 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女家里有两个孩子要照顾(look after)。
9．A.failed B．helped
C．refused D．managed
C 解析：尽管那位妇女家里有急需照顾的孩子，但作为一个母亲，她也不愿(refused)留作者一个人在机场过夜。
10．A.led B．treated
C．showed D．pushed
B 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女带作者回到她的家中并招待(treated)作者吃了丰盛的饭菜。
11．A.clean B．check
C．share D．decorate
C 解析：根据后文的so that there was an extra room for me可知，那位妇女让自己的孩子共用(share)一间卧室，以便让出一间卧室给作者住。
12．A.after B．unless
C．since D．because
A 解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女先将自己的联系信息给作者，并让作者给她的妈妈打电话，让她的家人放心，然后才安排作者住下。故after符合语境。
13．A.call B．thank
C．remind D．persuade
A 解析：根据后文的let her know where I would stay可知，那位妇女让作者给她的妈妈打电话(call)，让她妈妈知道自己会待在哪里。
14．A.crazy B．busy
C．boring D．healthy
B 解析：根据语境可知，现在作者自己也有了孩子，过着忙碌(busy)而又幸福的生活，所以她更加感激(appreciated)多年前那位有着两个孩子的母亲对自己的无私帮助。
15．A.admitted B．concerned
C．praised D．appreciated
D 解析：参见上题解析。
16．A.friend B．stranger
C．passenger D．tourist
B 解析：根据上文可知，那位热心帮助作者的妇女以前不认识作者，是个陌生人(stranger)。
17．A.pain B．pressure
C．trouble D．danger
C 解析：根据上文可知，尽管家里有两个孩子急需照顾，那位妇女还是愿意不怕麻烦(trouble)，给予作者帮助。
18．A.minding B．avoiding
C．regretting D．considering
D 解析：根据上文的my family faced a really tough situation可知，作者家境窘迫，她那时正考虑(considering)辍学。
19．A.plan B．difference
C．choice D．decision
B 解析：根据下文可知，那位妇女的善意行为对作者产生了很大的影响。make a difference符合语境。
20．A.continue B．forget
C．repeat D．ignore
A 解析：根据后文的At last, I got a doctor degree.可知，那位妇女的行为使得作者有勇气继续(continue)自己的学业，最后作者取得了博士学位。
语法填空
Do you know what the number one killer in the United States is? According to researches, heart disease 1.____________ (think) to cause the most deaths in the U．S. With all the junk food that is available nowadays, heart disease has turned into the biggest problem today.
So what’s the 2.____________ (solve) to this problem？The answer is simple. We just need to eat healthier food and the risk of heart disease will be 3.____________ (great) reduced.In fact, we can add about 15 years to our lives by just 4.____________ (change) a few things in our diets.
To have a healthy body, we need to eat more raw(未经加工的) foods, and most importantly，vegetables. 5.____________ reason why people in the past 6.____________ (seek)ways to cook food is that the food was often 7.____________(dirt). In African villages, people must go to rivers and get water 8.____________ them. They boiled it first 9.____________(kill) bacteria and then they would drink it. Nowadays, the food we get from stores is basically edible(可食用的). It is very safe for us to eat already, 10.____________ means we are not taking any risks if we have raw food diets.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了从饮食上减少心脏病的有效方法。
1．is thought 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。heart disease和think之间是被动关系，且是一般性的表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
2．solution 解析：考查名词。根据前面的冠词the可知，此处用名词solution作表语。
3．greatly 解析：考查副词。修饰动词reduced，因此用great的副词形式，意为“极大地”。
4．changing 解析：考查非谓语动词。by是介词，因此后面用动名词作介词的宾语。
5．The 解析：考查冠词。reason在这里是特指，why引导定语从句，因此用定冠词the。
6．sought 解析：考查动词的时态。in the past表明此处应该用一般过去时。
7．dirty 解析：考查形容词。系动词was后面应该接形容词作表语。
8．from 解析：考查介词。这里表示“从河里取水”，因此用介词from。
9．to kill 解析：考查非谓语动词。他们把水煮开的目的是杀死细菌，因此这里用不定式表目的。
10．which 解析：考查关系代词。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，which在句中作主语。
Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language Points
puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的
(教材P2)Boy missing，police puzzled
男孩失踪，警方茫然
(1)puzzle n． 难题；谜；令人费解的人或事
be in a puzzle 感到困惑； 不知如何是好
puzzle vt. 迷惑；使困惑
puzzle about/over 冥思苦想， 苦苦思索
(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
①The boy is puzzled about the puzzling crossword puzzle.
这个男孩对这个令人费解的纵横字谜很迷惑。
②Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
他们为什么干那件事仍然让我费解。
③I have in mind some doubts which really puzzle me.
我心中有一个疑团， 百思不得其解。
puzzling常用来修饰物；puzzled 常用来修饰人，还可修饰look，expression，smile，voice等词。
④The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzled about the puzzling math problem.(puzzle)
她困惑的表情暗示了她对那个令人困惑的数学问题迷惑不解。
[巧学活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
Her (1)puzzled look showed that she was (2)puzzled about what he said.Yes.It was really a (3)puzzle because it was (4)puzzling that he would rather throw away the food than give it to those in need.What he said as well as what he did (5)puzzled all the people present.(puzzle)
search n．& vi.& vt. 搜索；搜查；搜寻
(教材P2)Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen－year－old boy who went missing three days ago in Dover，New Hampshire.
美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。
(1)search sb./sp. 搜某人的身/搜查某地
search(...) for... 为了找到……搜查(……)
(2)in search of 寻找；搜寻
①The rescue workers were working hard in search of those survivors.
救援工作者们正努力寻找那些幸存者。
②Hearing the news, we all went out in search of the lost boy.
＝Hearing the news, we all went out to search for the lost boy.
听到消息后，我们都出去寻找这个失踪的男孩了。
③She was searching all the shops for her son’s present.
她为了给儿子买件礼物，找遍了所有的店铺。
④After graduation, he went to Beijing in search of a job.
毕业后，他去北京找工作。
witness n．目击者，证人；证物；证据；证明
vt.目击，见证
(教材P2)Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p．m.
目击者们也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷正朝家走去。
(1)a witness/witnesses to... ……的证人/证据
bear/give witness to... 作为……的证据
(2)witness for 作证； 为……辩护
witness to 为……作证； 出庭证明； 证实
①The witness is a girl, who witnessed the traffic accident on the highway, and she will give/bear witness to it in court.
这位目击者是一名女孩， 她目睹了高速公路上的那起交通事故， 她将要为此事出庭作证。
②The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.
二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展。
③Our city witnesses four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.
我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节， 在这里阳光和雨量充沛， 但在冬天， 你可能会觉得有点冷。
witness作动词用时特别注意其拟人化的用法：即用表示时间、地点等的名词来作主语以增强句子的表现力。witness这样用时可以换成see。
[巧学活用]——用witness的适当形式及相关短语填空
The (1)witness who (2)witnessed the incident (3)gave/bore witness to the police and promised to be a (4)witness.
assume vt.假定，设想；认为
(教材P3)...she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream，and sent her back to bed.
……她认为凯莉只是做了一个噩梦，于是将她打发回床上。
(1)assume sb./sth.to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
It is assumed that... 一般认为……
(2)assuming/assume that... 假定……(引导条件状语从句)
(3)assumption n. 假定，假设
make an assumption 认为；假定
on the assumption that... 假定……
①In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家在作品中藏了一个秘密信息。
②Assuming/Assume(assume) that his story is true，what should we do?
假定他的故事是真的，我们应该怎么办？
③I assumed him to be(be) an honest man.
我认为他是个诚实的人。
④A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.
许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
[巧学活用]——句式升级
(1)People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.
→It is assumed that what one does has little effect on the environment.(用it作形式主语改写)
(2)If there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like?
→Assuming (that) there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like? (用assuming作连词改写)
occur vi.发生；出现；被想到
(教材P3)Mr Foster was working that night on his road construction job，and was not home when these events occurred.
福斯特先生当晚忙于他的道路建设工作，当这些事件发生时他并不在家。
sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事。
①Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
Jack正在实验室工作的时候突然停电了。
②The idea occurred to him in a dream.
他在梦中想到了那个主意。
③That plane crash occurred(occur) only minutes after take－off.
空难在飞机起飞几分钟后就发生了。
④It occurred to me that I had left my bag at home.
我想起我把包忘在家里了。
case n．案件，官司；具体情况，实例
(教材P3)When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson，who has taken charge of the case，told journalists...
当被问到贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者……
in case(＋that从句) 以防/万一/要是
in case of＋n. 以防/万一/防备
in any case 无论如何
in no case 绝不，决不
in this/that case 假如这样/那样的话
as is/was often the case 这是常有的事
①Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.
Larry 告诉她，他已经扑灭了火，她应该保持不动以防伤着脖子。
②You’d better take an umbrella in case of rain.
＝You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains.
你最好带上雨伞以防下雨。
③I don’t see why I couldn’t do it.In any case，I’m going to try.
我不明白为什么我不能做那件事。不管怎样，我打算试一下。
[巧学活用]——写出下列句中加黑部分的含义
(1)If a lawyer doesn’t do his homework he will most likely lose the case.官司
(2)He was late for school，as is often the case.这是常有的事
(3)You should remember this in any case.无论如何
(4)In no case can we forget our country.绝不
(5)You can’t make noise in class，in that/this case you’ll be punished.假如那样/这样的话
dismiss vt.不予考虑；解雇；解散
(教材P3)So，while we have not dismissed the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well.
所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。
dismiss sb.for 因……而解雇某人
①The teacher decided to dismiss the class early because of the snow. 由于下雪，老师决定提早下课。
②Johnwas dismissed(dismiss) because he was not up to his work.
因为约翰不能胜任他的工作而被解雇了。
③With the decision made, the members present at the meeting were dismissed(dismiss)．
做出决定之后， 出席会议的人员就散会了。
run into 偶然遇见；撞到；陷入
(教材P1)You might run into a Yeti in the Himalayas，or just see a few tracks，if you are lucky!
在喜马拉雅山，你可能会很幸运地遇到野人，或者只是看到一些足迹！
run after 追捕；跟踪
run away 逃走
run for 竞选
run out (某物)用完
run out of (人)用完(某物)；从……跑出
①Guess who I ran into in town today.
猜猜我今天在镇上碰到谁了。
②Lost in thought，he almost ran into the tree in front of him. 由于陷入沉思，他差点就撞上前面那棵树。
③After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly.
不到一个星期，我开始注意到杂货很快就被用光了。
表达“偶然碰到/遇见”的词组还有： run across，come across等。
④When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I hadn’t seen for years.
在街上散步时，我偶遇了大卫。我已经很多年没见过他了。
[巧学活用]——用run的相关短语完成句子
(1)The teenager ran away after being punished.
(2)He didn’t want to run for president that year.
(3)Do your homework before you run out of time.
(4)All the students run out of the classroom as soon as the bell rings.
step up 加紧，加强，促进，走近
(教材P2)Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen－year－old boy who went missing three days ago in Dover，New Hampshire.
美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。
(1)step forward 向前；前来提供帮助
step in 干涉；插手
step back 后退
step aside 走到一边；从权威地位
退下
step down 辞职；下台；让位
(相当于step aside)
(2)take steps/a step to do sth.＝take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
keep/be in step with 与……保持同步，
跟上……的步伐
step by step 一步步地，逐步
out of step 步调不一致
①I hope you try to get them to step up production.
我希望你们尽力使他们增加生产。
②Lister is stepping down/aside in favour of a younger man. 李斯特准备退下来，让位给一个更年轻的人。
③We must take immediate steps to deal(deal) with the situation. 我们必须立即采取措施来应付这一局面。
[巧学活用]——写出下列句中加黑部分的含义
(1)John waited until the teacher had finished speaking to Mary，and then he stepped up.走上前来
(2)The factory stepped up the production to meet the increasing demand.加快生产
(3)Women’s social position in China has been much stepped up in the past 50 years.提高
(4)In the near future，the government will step up income tax.增加所得税
(5)When Jack found that he was going to be late，he stepped up his pace.加快了他的步伐
(6)The police have stepped up their search for the lost child.加紧了他们的搜索
due to 由于，因为；欠下的，应给予；归功于；因……造成
(教材P2)This incident has received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappeared.
该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后天空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的报道。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中due to的含义
(1)Several traffic accidents happened on the highway due to the heavy fog in the morning.因为
(2)Have they received the money due to them? 应给予
(3)The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.归功于
(4)His mistake was due to youth and inexperience.因……造成
due adj. 应得的；应付的；预定的
be due to sb. 应付给某人
be due to sb./sth. 归因于……
be due to do sth. 预定/预期做某事
①His success was largely due to luck.
他的成功主要靠运气。
②Due to bad cold she spent the entire day in bed.
她因重感冒在床上躺了一整天。
③His new book is due to come(come) out in November.
他的新书预计在11月份出版。
④When it comes to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.
说到给老人应有的尊敬，她有些不自在。
(1)当due to意为“由于；因……造成；应给予”时， 其中的to是介词， 并且在句中常常作表语或状语；当due to意为“即将/预期做……”时后接不定式。
(2)表示“因为；由于”的介词短语还有because of, as a result of, owing to, thanks to等。
show up 出现，现身
(教材P3)When Justin did not show up for lunch the next day，Mrs Foster became worried and told her husband to call the police. 第二天午饭时贾斯廷仍未露面，福斯特夫人开始担心了，于是让丈夫打电话报警。
(1)show sb.around/round 领某人参观
show off 炫耀；卖弄
show sb.in/out 领某人进来/出去
(2)for show 为了给人看
on show＝on display 在陈列，在展出
①When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.
当她的晚餐伙伴走过来时，她也拉过一把椅子加入到了其中。
②He showed the visitors around his school.
他带领来访者参观他的学校。
③The child danced around the room，showing off to everybody. 那个孩子满屋子地跳，向每一个人都炫耀一番。
take charge of 负责，掌管
(教材P3)When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson，who has taken charge of the case，told journalists...
当被问到贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者……
(1)in charge (of...) 主管/看管/负责(……)
in/under the charge of...＝in one’s charge
在……的掌管之下
free of charge 免费
(2)charge (sb.) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/
要价
charge sb. with sth. 指控某人某事
①There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not.
(人们)就博物馆是否应该收入场费有激烈的争论。
②The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels.
警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。
③Who will be in charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet. 谁负责这项工程还没有决定。
④The company is in the charge of Tom when the boss is away. 当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
⑤You can play football in the stadium free of charge if you are a member.
如果是会员的话，你们可以在体育场内免费踢足球。
⑥I wonder how much you will charge me for the six－week course.
我想知道这为期六周的课程您向我收费多少。
make up 编造，杜撰；构成，组成；化装/妆，打扮；弥补，凑齐；和解，和好
(教材P3)Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.
有时人们会虚构这类令人惊奇的故事。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中make up的含义
(1)We need another player to make up the team.组成
(2)Mary and Joan quarreled, but made up after a while.和好
(3)She spent an hour making up before the party.化妆
(4)They’ll do all they can to make up the economic losses.弥补
(5)When she was asked why she was late, she made up an excuse to the teacher.编造
make up for 弥补；偿还(因过去某些原
因耽误的时间或对某人的亏欠)
make up one’s mind 下决心
make for 前往；促成，有助于
make out 理解；辨认出
make it 获得成功；及时赶到；做到
make up of 构成；由……组成
①Can you make up a dialogue，using the following words？你能用下面的单词编一个对话吗？
②Work hard to make up for the lost time.
努力工作弥补已经浪费的时间。
③Every weekend she makes herself up and goes dancing with her friends.
每个周末她都会打扮一下，和朋友们去跳舞。
④The workers have made up their mind to increase efficiency. 工人们已经下决心提高效率。
[巧学活用]——用make的相关短语填空
(1)My mother made up the rest of the money that I paid for the new computer.
(2)The research group made up of 15 members has made great achievements in recent years.
(3)We could hardly make out what the advertisement is to convey to us.
(4)Books in large prints make for easier reading for the old.
(5)Due to addiction to alcohol and drugs, he has never made it as an actor.
look into 调查；研究；浏览(书等)；向里看
(教材P3)So，while we have not dismissed the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well. 所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。
look after 照顾；照料
look out 小心(口语)；往外看
look on...as... 把……视为/看着……
look up 查寻；抬头看
look up to 尊重
look down on/upon 轻视，看不起
look forward to 期望/期待
①The worker looked into the box to see if his tools were still there.
那位工人朝盒子里看了看，看他的工具是否还在那里。
②Terry，please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
特瑞，祖母和你说话时，请从你的手机上抬起头来。
③Nobody will look up to you if you look down on/upon yourself. 如果你自己都瞧不起自己， 没有人会瞧得起你。
[巧学活用]——用look的相关短语填空
(1)Meanwhile, I am looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
(2)No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone looking up to you wishing they were that high.
(3)We shouldn’t look down upon/on the disabled; on the contrary, we should help them.
(4)You can look up all the usages of this word in the dictionary.
(5)It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of two missing children.
(教材P2)Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。
此句是个完全倒装句，“Standing inside”为现在分词短语作表语提前。正常语序应为Lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside。此句结构为“现在分词＋地点状语＋be动词＋主语”。
(1)英语中，当表语为分词、形容词、副词或介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持句子平衡，常把表语放在句首，引起句子全部倒装。构成句型：“分词/副词/介词短语＋地点状语＋be动词＋主语”。
(2)here，there，up，down，in，out，away，off等表处所、方位的副词或介词短语放在句首时，若句子的主语为名词，谓语为be，lie，sit，stand，come，go，walk，flow等表示“存在，位于”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时，句子全部倒装。若主语是代词，则主语和谓语动词语序不变。
①Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
一个古老的村庄掩埋在沙丘中。
②Present at the meeting were Professor Baker，Professor Li and many other guests.
出席会议的有贝克教授、李教授和许多其他的来宾。
③Seriously damaged in the earthquake was the white building in the city.
在这次地震中，受损严重的是城里的那座白色建筑物。
④On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers．
街道两旁是许多美丽的花儿。
⑤Here we are．This is the station.
我们到了，这就是车站。
(教材P3)The aliens took me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me.
那些外星人把我带到UFO上以便对我进行研究。
本句中“so that”引导的是目的状语从句，这种从句中往往含有情态动词。引导目的状语从句的连词还有：in order that，lest＝for fear that(从句中往往要用虚拟语气)等。
①Moreover, by doing the part－time job I can get some precious experience so that I can better adapt to the development and changes of society.
此外，通过做兼职工作，我可以得到一些宝贵的经验，使我能够更好地适应社会的发展和变化。
②They worked harder than usual in order that/so that they could finish the work ahead of time.
为了能提前完成工作，他们比往常更加努力工作。
③I spend more time learning English every day so that
(＝in order that) I can make greater progress this year.
为了今年取得更大进步，我每天用了更多的时间学英语。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)我们可以早出发，以便我们有更多的时间来阅读和选择书籍。
We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books.
(2)为了使他能有机会接受大学教育，他的父母日夜辛苦地工作。
In order that he can have a chance to receive university education, his parents work hard day and night.
(教材P3)When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson，who has taken charge of the case，told journalists...
当被问到贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者……
句中when asked about the possibility相当于when Detective Sam Peterson was asked about the possibility。当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①There are so many cars that you should be careful while crossing the road.
车辆太多了，过马路时当心些。
②Work hard when (you are) young,or you’ll regret.
趁年轻要努力，要不然你会后悔的。
③Please turn to me for help if necessary．
如果有必要请向我求助。
(教材P3)So，while we have not dismissed the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well.
所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。
本句中“while”引导的是让步状语从句，相当于though/although，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while还可引导时间、条件状语从句，以及表示“对比关系”或“轻微的转折关系”(相当于but)：
(1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
(2)while引导条件状语从句相当于as long as，意为“只要”。
(3)while连接并列句，意为“而，然而”。
①While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse.
当我在为满足好奇心而探索时，我的病加重了。
②While he was tired，he went on working.
虽然他累了，但他还是继续工作。
③Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
④While(＝As long as) there is life there is hope.
只要有生命，就有希望。
品句填词
1．The world we live in is full of ____________(无法解释的)mysteries.
答案：unexplained
2．The economy of that area is developing at an ____________(令人惊叹的) speed.
答案：amazing
3．The ____________(消失) of the boy made the whole family unhappy.
答案：disappearance
4．The problem seemed very ____________(令人困惑的)．Few students could work it out.
答案：puzzling
5．As an old teacher he has ____________(见证) the great changes that have taken place in the school in the past thirty years.
答案：witnessed
6．But just for the sake of argument, let’s ____________(假设) that it’s true.
答案：assume
7．They say that the traffic accident ____________(发生) at midnight.
答案：occurred
8．Since the 1990s, China has ____________(建造) many harbors for importing and exporting goods.
答案：constructed
9．There seems to be no ____________(可能性) that Wang Lei can win the first prize in the match.
答案：possibility
10．They are collecting enough ____________(证据) against the murderer at present.
答案：evidence
单句改错
1．—Did you look up the time of the high－speed trains to Shanghai?
—Yes, the early train is due to leaving at 5：30 a．m.____________________
答案：leaving→leave
2．From the puzzling expression on the manager’s face, I knew he was puzzled about the plan I worked out, so I had to make some changes.____________________
答案：puzzling→puzzled
3．It suddenly occurred to me whether I hadn’t locked my car.____________________
答案：whether→that
4．It was first assuming that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false assumption.____________________
答案：assuming→assumed
5．Imagine you are a reporter and your partner is a witness for an accident. ____________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．________________________(站在树下的) is our monitor，who will be sent to Australia next month.
答案：Standing under the tree
2．____________(一去不返) the days when women were looked down upon.
答案：Gone are
3．________________________(除非加以改变)，this law will make life difficult for farmers.
答案：Unless (it is) changed
4．He opened his mouth as if ________________________(仿佛要说些什么)．
答案：to say something
5．________________________________________(虽然网络有很大的帮助)，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
答案：While the Internet is of great help
课文语法填空
Justin went 1.____________(miss), which many people showed great interest in due to the 2.____________(appear) of a UFO.The police were 3.____________(puzzle) about the reason 4.____________ he went missing and were looking 5.____________ the case.
Kelly said that Justin did return home that night 6.____________ she heard him put on his favorite CD.His not 7.____________(show) up at the family lunch the next day frightened his parents.Nothing 8.____________(hear) from him since.
The police haven’t dismissed the possibility 9.____________ he was taken by the aliens and it was thought that someone made up the story.They are stepping up their search for hard evidence 10.____________(solve) the mystery of his disappearance.
答案：1.missing 2.appearance 3.puzzled 4.why
5．into 6.and 7.showing 8.has been heard 9.that 10.to solve
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The more he explained, the more ____________(puzzle) I was.
答案：puzzled
2．We are lucky to be among the generation of people ____________ have witnessed and experienced the great social changes in our country.
答案：who
3．Once ____________(heat), the water can change into gas.
答案：heated
4．They rented the old house on the ____________(assume)that the landlord would paint it.
答案：assumption
5．It never occurred ____________ us that this country would win Thomas Cup Badminton Championship.
答案：to
6．It is an amazing discovery so that we are ____________(amaze)at it.
答案：amazed
7．A medical team ____________(make)up of nine doctors and twelve nurses will be sent to there.
答案：made
8．—Is Metro Line 2 still under ____________(construct)?
—Yes.It will be completed by the end of September.
答案：construction
9．Suddenly，a tall man driving a golden carriage seized the girl and took her away，____________(disappear) into the woods.
答案：disappearing
10．It has become ____________(evidence) to us that a mistake has been made.
答案：evident
阅读理解
I went to see my college counselor(指导老师) in my first year at college. I had been told I couldn’t transfer(转学) until I met with him. I’d decided to change my school, my major, and go west. I knew where I wanted to go and what I wanted at this point.
I was going to transfer to what had been my first－choice school. Now I could go to it with a college semester of straight as in a very good program. Yes, I’d done well at my school, but I found it really unsuitable for me.
The counselor shook his head at me. He didn’t even know me, and he hardly listened or cared. He said I’d feel lost with a school of over 27，000 students. Well, I wanted to say I felt pretty lost and alone here, at his little school, but I didn’t want to be rude.
I couldn’t get a word in, anyway. “And you want to go to law school，” he said in a mocking(嘲笑的) tone! He told me I’d be just another unneeded lawyer out in the world. In two minutes, he seemed to lay out my entire life path just because I had the realization that I picked the wrong college. I was trying to make a change to do the best thing for me.
I transferred anyway and I can say I did it right. Teens and parents shouldn’t feel the original big college decision is the end－all, be－all of life. You can always admit you have made a mistake and want to make a change.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大一时意识到自己所上的大学并不适合自己，所以决定转学。
1．In the first year of college, the author realized that________.
A．he had gone to a wrong college
B．his college was really suitable for him
C．getting high grades at college was necessary
D．college life was so different from high school life
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的I’d decided to change my school, my major, and go west.及第二段中的Yes, I’d done well at my school, but I found it really unsuitable for me.可知，作者意识到自己选错了学校。
2．Why did the author go to the counselor?
A．To thank him for his help.
B．To talk about his transfer.
C．To complain about his school.
D．To ask some questions about learning.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一、二句可知，作者去见指导老师是为了谈转学的事情。
3．How did the counselor respond after hearing the author’s idea?
A．He showed great interest.
B．He worried about his future.
C．He offered practical suggestions.
D．He expressed an opposite opinion.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的The counselor shook his head at me...He said I’d feel lost with a school of over 27，000 students.及第四段中的He told me I’d be just another unneeded lawyer out in the world.可知，作者的指导老师不赞成作者转学。
4．How did the author most probably find the counselor’s opinion?
A．Helpful. B．Sincere.
C．Confusing. D．Disappointing.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的In two minutes, he seemed to lay out my entire life path...I was trying to make a change to do the best thing for me.可知，作者和指导老师的意见不一致，他没有采纳老师的意见，据此可知，他对指导老师的意见很失望。
完形填空
Since I became a mother, I cannot remember when I had quality time for myself. All my time was __1__ to looking after my family, doing the chores and earning a living. Whenever I was invited to go out, I __2__ directly and told them that I had a family to __3__．
As time passed, I realized that the chores were __4__. Even if I tried to finish all of them, new ones would __5__ later. I tried to share __6__ with my husband and kids, but I still felt that I had no __7__ for myself. I hoped I could have an hour to do something I liked without being constantly __8__．
__9__， after 10 years of waiting, my dream finally came true. I was told to have a(n) __10__ to travel to a new country. Since my husband was __11__ those days, I only paid for my airfare(机票). My husband will take our kids to meet me later after he finishes all his work. Now, I am __12__ in a big apartment. I can do whatever I really want, but __13__ it doesn’t make me happy at all. I __14__ my family members. In order to __15__ the loneliness within me, I try to sleep earlier every night.
Then I come to realize that making time for me doesn’t __16__ that I have to be away from those I love. I can still have a “me time” __17__ I have the kids around me and many chores to do. I have learned that life wouldn’t be the same without the people you __18__ around you. To my __19__， my husband and kids will __20__ me soon and I’m sure we will have a great time together.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直渴望拥有属于自己的时间，然而当作者一个人身处异乡时，她却感到非常孤单。那时她才真正意识到和家人在一起是多么幸福。
1．A.turned B．appointed
C．devoted D．added
C 解析：根据I cannot remember when I had quality time for myself可知，作者所有的时间都花在了照顾家人、做家务和挣钱上。
2．A.refused B．accepted
C．complained D．admitted
A 解析：根据下文作者告诉他们自己要照顾家人可推测，当别人约她出去的时候，她都是直接拒绝。
3．A.look for B．care for
C．worry about D．rely on
B 解析：根据前面的looking after my family, doing the chores and earning a living可知，此处是指照顾家人。care for...意为“照顾……”。
4．A.endless B．unpractical
C．useless D．difficult
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处是表达作者觉得家务是无穷无尽的。
5．A.show off B．come up
C．set out D．break in
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达作者尽量把所有的家务干完，但是新的又会出现。
6．A.experience B．happiness
C．interests D．responsibilities
D 解析：根据上文的关键词chores和下文的with my husband and kids可推测，作者是跟家人分担(做家务的)责任。
7．A.money B．space
C．consideration D．time
D 解析：根据下文的I hoped I could have an hour to do something I liked可知，此处表达作者虽然和家人一起分担责任，但是她还是没有自己的时间。
8．A.delayed B．asked
C．interrupted D．ignored
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达作者不想被打扰。
9．A.Fortunately B．Naturally
C．Similarly D．Doubtfully
A 解析：根据下文的my dream finally came true可知，此处是表达“幸运的是……”。
10．A.dream B．opportunity
C．challenge D．aim
B 解析：根据上文的my dream finally came true可知，作者期待这次旅行，所以认为它是一个机会。
11．A.present B．busy
C．anxious D．sick
B 解析：根据下文的after he finishes all his work可推测，作者的丈夫当时很忙。
12．A.cheerful B．scared
C．upset D．alone
D 解析：根据上文可知，作者的丈夫和孩子刚开始没有追随作者，所以她自己独自在大房间里住。
13．A.interestingly B．thankfully
C．suddenly D．surprisingly
D 解析：根据转折词but可推测，作者对于这个结果感到惊讶。
14．A.miss B．understand
C．appreciate D．value
A 解析：根据前后语境可知，此处表达作者很想念她的家人。
15．A.recognize B．describe
C．accept D．forget
D 解析：根据下文的I try to sleep earlier every night可推测，作者是想忘掉孤独。
16．A.show B．mean
C．report D．explain
B 解析：根据下文的life wouldn’t be the same without the people...可知，此处表达作者意识到有自己的时间并不意味着和自己所爱的人分离。
17．A.unless B．since
C．while D．because
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达“当我的孩子在我周围并且我有很多家务事要做的时候，我仍然可以有自己的时间”，所以用连词while连接。
18．A.love B．remember
C．trust D．respect
A 解析：根据上文的I have to be away from those I love可推测，此处也是指爱的人在身边。
19．A.annoyance B．shame
C．amazement D．delight
D 解析：根据下文作者将和丈夫、孩子团聚可知，作者很高兴。to one’s delight意为“令某人高兴的是”。
20．A.believe B．join
C．admire D．support
B 解析：根据下文的I’m sure we will have a great time together可知，作者的丈夫和孩子将会和作者团聚。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Goldfish have pretty boring lives, so maybe it’s a good thing that they can only concentrate for nine seconds！But according to a new research, humans are becoming like goldfish.Our attention span(时长) is getting shorter...and it’s all because of technology.
“We move quickly from one site to another on the web，” says Doctor Ted Selker, a computer scientist from Massachusetts，“and we are losing the ability to concentrate.” With millions of websites to choose from, the attention span of the average Internet user is just seconds.There are other digital distractions(分心) too：e－mail, instant messaging and quickie movies on websites.
Some people are worried about the effect on young people.“You need time to understand and think about what you read，”says Julia Wood, from London.“Young people search the net all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to make sense of it.I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.”
Other teachers are trying more unusual methods to improve students’ concentration.Anne Savan, from Wales, was so worried about her students that she started playing Mozart during her science lessons.She says that it had an amazing effect，“The music made them calmer, and their concentration was much better.”
But not everyone believes that there is a problem.Ray Cole, an educational psychologist says，“On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading.They might look at five unhelpful websites very quickly, before stopping and reading a sixth useful website more carefully.In a world with so much information available, this is an important skill.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展，人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上，快速不断地浏览使人们的注意力时长越来越短；但是有人认为，浏览网站，可以提高年轻人的判断能力。
1．Why does the writer mention “goldfish”？
A．To analyze data.
B．To introduce a topic.
C．To settle problems.
D．To suggest a way out.
B 解析：推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼只能集中九秒钟的注意力；结合第一段的第二句But according to a new research, humans are becoming like goldfish.可知，人们正变得像金鱼一样；接着文章提出中心论点：由于技术发展，我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断，作者用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题，故B项正确。
2．What may cause a shorter attention span according to Dr.Ted Selker?
A．Skipping around the Internet.
B．Time to digest information.
C．Traditional methods of reading.
D．Making decisions.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的We move quickly from one site to another on the web及and we are losing the ability to concentrate可知，Ted Selker认为，由于人们快速浏览网站，人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力，故A项正确。
3．What will help students overcome a short attention span?
A．Receiving emails.
B．Texting messages.
C．Reading more books.
D．Watching quickie movies.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.可知，阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力集中时间短的问题，故C项正确。
4．What is Ray Cole’s attitude towards looking through websites quickly?
A．Cautious. B．Unfavorable.
C．Skeptical. D．Supportive.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But not everyone believes that there is a problem.及On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading.可知，Ray Cole认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以提高快速判断的能力；据此可判断，Ray Cole对快速浏览网站持支持态度，故D项正确。
B
If you are looking for the place that has everything, there is only one place to visit, and that’s New York.It’s a whole world in a city.
The World of Theatre: All of New York is a stage.And it begins with Broadway.Where else can you find so many hit shows in one place? Only in New York!
The World of Music: Spend an evening with Beethoven at Lincoln Centre.Swing to the great jazz of Greenwich Village.Or rock yourself silly at the hottest dance sports found anywhere.
The World of Art: From Rembrandt to Picasso.From Egyptian tombs to Indian teepees.Whatever kind of art you like, you will find it in New York.
The World of Fine Dining: Whether it’s Roast Beijing Duck in Chinatown, or the finest French coq au vin found everywhere, there is a world of great taste waiting for you in New York.
The World of Sights: What other city has a Statue(雕塑) of Liberty? A Rockefeller Centre? Or a Bronx Zoo? Where else can you take a horse－drawn carriage(马车) through Central Park？Only in New York!
【解题导语】 本文介绍了在纽约许多值得游览的东西。
5．From the text we know that “Rembrandt” is mostly likely to be the name of a famous________．
A．actor B．musician
C．cook D．painter
D 解析：推理判断题。Rembrandt这个名人出现在第四段The World of Art部分，据此推断，Rembrandt是一名画家。故选D项。
6．Which of the following can visitors do only in New York?
A．To see the Statue of Liberty.
B．To taste the finest French coq au vin.
C．To enjoy a Beethoven concert.
D．To eat Roast Beijing Duck.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，仅纽约有自由女神像，而法国最好的酒闷仔鸡、贝多芬的音乐和北京的烤鸭在其他地方也有。故选A项。
7．This passage may be taken from________．
A．a handbook for English learners
B．a guidebook for foreign travelers
C．a pocketbook for businessmen
D．a storybook for local readers
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you are looking for the place that has everything, there is only one place to visit, and that’s New York.”可知，你可以去纽约，在那里你可以看到一切想看的。下文介绍了纽约的很多值得一看的东西，据此推断，此文是建议人们去纽约参观游览。故选B项。
七选五
Find Ways to Respond to a Major Disaster
When natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated(协调的) disaster relief(安慰) and recovery(痊愈).1.________
Volunteer
To take a hands－on approach to disaster recovery, volunteer your time and talents.You can travel to the affected regions to provide support.2.________ It is recommended(建议) that you volunteer through one of the professional organizations for your safety and your skills can be put to best use.
Donate(捐赠) money
Disaster victims often have lost their homes or need to relocate.In many cases, your money is just as valuable as your physical presence in helping with relief efforts.Many organizations provide temporary housing, food and other items for victims.3.________ Even organizations like the Red Cross have been criticized for how donated funds have been allocated(分配)．
Donate blood
If you can’t travel and don’t feel comfortable giving money, a need for donated blood always existed.The Red Cross and local medical organizations manage blood supplies that are important to disaster victims.Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment.4.________
5．________
Goods are valuable in stricken areas.Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas.It is the best to allow the professional organizations to coordinate these donation efforts and see that the needed supplies reach a location where they will be best used for recovery.
A．Send needed items
B．Make preparations
C．A lot of people are skillful at organizing local response.
D．Or look out for a blood drive in your area.
E．Whether disaster has occurred at home or abroad, you can help.
F．And you can do everything from providing first aid to rebuilding homes in these areas.
G．Before giving, though, make sure you trust the organization receiving your money.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了面对受灾地区人们能够给予什么帮助。
1．E 解析：根据空前的“When natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated(协调的) disaster relief(安慰) and recovery(痊愈)．”可知当灾难发生后，为救济和恢复当地的生活我们都可以尽一份力，故选E。
2．F 解析：根据Volunteer这一标题，可知以下都是在详细介绍可以给予哪些帮助，故选F。
3．G 解析：根据空后的“Even organizations like the Red Cross have been criticized for how donated funds have been allocated(分配)．”可知甚至像红十字会这样的机构也曾被质疑捐款是如何分配的，故选G。
4．D 解析：根据空前的“Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment.”可知可以给红十字会打电话预约献血，也可以寻找附近的献血活动，故选D。
5．A 解析：根据下文的“Goods are valuable in stricken areas.Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas.”可知是建议给灾区提供急需物资的帮助，故选A。
短文改错
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to know you’re unhappy now. It’s very difficulty for us teenagers to keep a balance between part－time jobs and our study. However, you don’t have to worry too much. I would like give you some suggestions. Firstly, think about the purpose of your finding a part－time job. I think it’s important to gain some knowledges and life skills instead of only make some extra money at present. Secondly, you should pay attention to learning from some study methods and skills, which will save our time and energy. Last and not least, you should make a overall and clear timetable and make sure you set aside enough time for your study. I hope you would soon feel happy and balance your work and study perfect.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to know you’re unhappy now. It’s very for us teenagers to keep a balance between part－time jobs and our study. However, you don’t have to worry too much. I would like give you some suggestions. Firstly, think about the purpose of your finding a part－time job. I think it’s important to gain some and life skills instead of only some extra money at present. Secondly, you should pay attention to learning some study methods and skills, which will save time and energy. Last not least, you should make overall and clear timetable and make sure you set aside enough time for your study. I hope you soon feel happy and balance your work and study .
Yours，
Li Hua
课件78张PPT。Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The world we live in is full of ____________(无法解释的)mysteries.
答案：unexplained
2．The economy of that area is developing at an ____________(令人惊叹的) speed.
答案：amazing
3．The ____________(消失) of the boy made the whole family unhappy.
答案：disappearance
4．The problem seemed very ____________(令人困惑的)．Few students could work it out.
答案：puzzling
5．As an old teacher he has ____________(见证) the great changes that have taken place in the school in the past thirty years.
答案：witnessed
6．But just for the sake of argument, let’s ____________(假设) that it’s true.
答案：assume
7．They say that the traffic accident ____________(发生) at midnight.
答案：occurred
8．Since the 1990s, China has ____________(建造) many harbors for importing and exporting goods.
答案：constructed
9．There seems to be no ____________(可能性) that Wang Lei can win the first prize in the match.
答案：possibility
10．They are collecting enough ____________(证据) against the murderer at present.
答案：evidence
单句改错
1．—Did you look up the time of the high－speed trains to Shanghai?
—Yes, the early train is due to leaving at 5：30 a．m.____________________
答案：leaving→leave
2．From the puzzling expression on the manager’s face, I knew he was puzzled about the plan I worked out, so I had to make some changes.____________________
答案：puzzling→puzzled
3．It suddenly occurred to me whether I hadn’t locked my car.____________________
答案：whether→that
4．It was first assuming that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false assumption.____________________
答案：assuming→assumed
5．Imagine you are a reporter and your partner is a witness for an accident. ____________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．________________________(站在树下的) is our monitor，who will be sent to Australia next month.
答案：Standing under the tree
2．____________(一去不返) the days when women were looked down upon.
答案：Gone are
3．________________________(除非加以改变)，this law will make life difficult for farmers.
答案：Unless (it is) changed
4．He opened his mouth as if ________________________(仿佛要说些什么)．
答案：to say something
5．________________________________________(虽然网络有很大的帮助)，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
答案：While the Internet is of great help
课文语法填空
Justin went 1.____________(miss), which many people showed great interest in due to the 2.____________(appear) of a UFO.The police were 3.____________(puzzle) about the reason 4.____________ he went missing and were looking 5.____________ the case.
Kelly said that Justin did return home that night 6.____________ she heard him put on his favorite CD.His not 7.____________(show) up at the family lunch the next day frightened his parents.Nothing 8.____________(hear) from him since.
The police haven’t dismissed the possibility 9.____________ he was taken by the aliens and it was thought that someone made up the story.They are stepping up their search for hard evidence 10.____________(solve) the mystery of his disappearance.
答案：1.missing 2.appearance 3.puzzled 4.why
5．into 6.and 7.showing 8.has been heard 9.that 10.to solve
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The more he explained, the more ____________(puzzle) I was.
答案：puzzled
2．We are lucky to be among the generation of people ____________ have witnessed and experienced the great social changes in our country.
答案：who
3．Once ____________(heat), the water can change into gas.
答案：heated
4．They rented the old house on the ____________(assume)that the landlord would paint it.
答案：assumption
5．It never occurred ____________ us that this country would win Thomas Cup Badminton Championship.
答案：to
6．It is an amazing discovery so that we are ____________(amaze)at it.
答案：amazed
7．A medical team ____________(make)up of nine doctors and twelve nurses will be sent to there.
答案：made
8．—Is Metro Line 2 still under ____________(construct)?
—Yes.It will be completed by the end of September.
答案：construction
9．Suddenly，a tall man driving a golden carriage seized the girl and took her away，____________(disappear) into the woods.
答案：disappearing
10．It has become ____________(evidence) to us that a mistake has been made.
答案：evident
阅读理解
I went to see my college counselor(指导老师) in my first year at college. I had been told I couldn’t transfer(转学) until I met with him. I’d decided to change my school, my major, and go west. I knew where I wanted to go and what I wanted at this point.
I was going to transfer to what had been my first－choice school. Now I could go to it with a college semester of straight as in a very good program. Yes, I’d done well at my school, but I found it really unsuitable for me.
The counselor shook his head at me. He didn’t even know me, and he hardly listened or cared. He said I’d feel lost with a school of over 27，000 students. Well, I wanted to say I felt pretty lost and alone here, at his little school, but I didn’t want to be rude.
I couldn’t get a word in, anyway. “And you want to go to law school，” he said in a mocking(嘲笑的) tone! He told me I’d be just another unneeded lawyer out in the world. In two minutes, he seemed to lay out my entire life path just because I had the realization that I picked the wrong college. I was trying to make a change to do the best thing for me.
I transferred anyway and I can say I did it right. Teens and parents shouldn’t feel the original big college decision is the end－all, be－all of life. You can always admit you have made a mistake and want to make a change.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大一时意识到自己所上的大学并不适合自己，所以决定转学。
1．In the first year of college, the author realized that________.
A．he had gone to a wrong college
B．his college was really suitable for him
C．getting high grades at college was necessary
D．college life was so different from high school life
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的I’d decided to change my school, my major, and go west.及第二段中的Yes, I’d done well at my school, but I found it really unsuitable for me.可知，作者意识到自己选错了学校。
2．Why did the author go to the counselor?
A．To thank him for his help.
B．To talk about his transfer.
C．To complain about his school.
D．To ask some questions about learning.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一、二句可知，作者去见指导老师是为了谈转学的事情。
3．How did the counselor respond after hearing the author’s idea?
A．He showed great interest.
B．He worried about his future.
C．He offered practical suggestions.
D．He expressed an opposite opinion.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的The counselor shook his head at me...He said I’d feel lost with a school of over 27，000 students.及第四段中的He told me I’d be just another unneeded lawyer out in the world.可知，作者的指导老师不赞成作者转学。
4．How did the author most probably find the counselor’s opinion?
A．Helpful. B．Sincere.
C．Confusing. D．Disappointing.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的In two minutes, he seemed to lay out my entire life path...I was trying to make a change to do the best thing for me.可知，作者和指导老师的意见不一致，他没有采纳老师的意见，据此可知，他对指导老师的意见很失望。
完形填空
Since I became a mother, I cannot remember when I had quality time for myself. All my time was __1__ to looking after my family, doing the chores and earning a living. Whenever I was invited to go out, I __2__ directly and told them that I had a family to __3__．
As time passed, I realized that the chores were __4__. Even if I tried to finish all of them, new ones would __5__ later. I tried to share __6__ with my husband and kids, but I still felt that I had no __7__ for myself. I hoped I could have an hour to do something I liked without being constantly __8__．
__9__， after 10 years of waiting, my dream finally came true. I was told to have a(n) __10__ to travel to a new country. Since my husband was __11__ those days, I only paid for my airfare(机票). My husband will take our kids to meet me later after he finishes all his work. Now, I am __12__ in a big apartment. I can do whatever I really want, but __13__ it doesn’t make me happy at all. I __14__ my family members. In order to __15__ the loneliness within me, I try to sleep earlier every night.
Then I come to realize that making time for me doesn’t __16__ that I have to be away from those I love. I can still have a “me time” __17__ I have the kids around me and many chores to do. I have learned that life wouldn’t be the same without the people you __18__ around you. To my __19__， my husband and kids will __20__ me soon and I’m sure we will have a great time together.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直渴望拥有属于自己的时间，然而当作者一个人身处异乡时，她却感到非常孤单。那时她才真正意识到和家人在一起是多么幸福。
1．A.turned B．appointed
C．devoted D．added
C 解析：根据I cannot remember when I had quality time for myself可知，作者所有的时间都花在了照顾家人、做家务和挣钱上。
2．A.refused B．accepted
C．complained D．admitted
A 解析：根据下文作者告诉他们自己要照顾家人可推测，当别人约她出去的时候，她都是直接拒绝。
3．A.look for B．care for
C．worry about D．rely on
B 解析：根据前面的looking after my family, doing the chores and earning a living可知，此处是指照顾家人。care for...意为“照顾……”。
4．A.endless B．unpractical
C．useless D．difficult
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处是表达作者觉得家务是无穷无尽的。
5．A.show off B．come up
C．set out D．break in
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达作者尽量把所有的家务干完，但是新的又会出现。
6．A.experience B．happiness
C．interests D．responsibilities
D 解析：根据上文的关键词chores和下文的with my husband and kids可推测，作者是跟家人分担(做家务的)责任。
7．A.money B．space
C．consideration D．time
D 解析：根据下文的I hoped I could have an hour to do something I liked可知，此处表达作者虽然和家人一起分担责任，但是她还是没有自己的时间。
8．A.delayed B．asked
C．interrupted D．ignored
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达作者不想被打扰。
9．A.Fortunately B．Naturally
C．Similarly D．Doubtfully
A 解析：根据下文的my dream finally came true可知，此处是表达“幸运的是……”。
10．A.dream B．opportunity
C．challenge D．aim
B 解析：根据上文的my dream finally came true可知，作者期待这次旅行，所以认为它是一个机会。
11．A.present B．busy
C．anxious D．sick
B 解析：根据下文的after he finishes all his work可推测，作者的丈夫当时很忙。
12．A.cheerful B．scared
C．upset D．alone
D 解析：根据上文可知，作者的丈夫和孩子刚开始没有追随作者，所以她自己独自在大房间里住。
13．A.interestingly B．thankfully
C．suddenly D．surprisingly
D 解析：根据转折词but可推测，作者对于这个结果感到惊讶。
14．A.miss B．understand
C．appreciate D．value
A 解析：根据前后语境可知，此处表达作者很想念她的家人。
15．A.recognize B．describe
C．accept D．forget
D 解析：根据下文的I try to sleep earlier every night可推测，作者是想忘掉孤独。
16．A.show B．mean
C．report D．explain
B 解析：根据下文的life wouldn’t be the same without the people...可知，此处表达作者意识到有自己的时间并不意味着和自己所爱的人分离。
17．A.unless B．since
C．while D．because
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表达“当我的孩子在我周围并且我有很多家务事要做的时候，我仍然可以有自己的时间”，所以用连词while连接。
18．A.love B．remember
C．trust D．respect
A 解析：根据上文的I have to be away from those I love可推测，此处也是指爱的人在身边。
19．A.annoyance B．shame
C．amazement D．delight
D 解析：根据下文作者将和丈夫、孩子团聚可知，作者很高兴。to one’s delight意为“令某人高兴的是”。
20．A.believe B．join
C．admire D．support
B 解析：根据下文的I’m sure we will have a great time together可知，作者的丈夫和孩子将会和作者团聚。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Goldfish have pretty boring lives, so maybe it’s a good thing that they can only concentrate for nine seconds！But according to a new research, humans are becoming like goldfish.Our attention span(时长) is getting shorter...and it’s all because of technology.
“We move quickly from one site to another on the web，” says Doctor Ted Selker, a computer scientist from Massachusetts，“and we are losing the ability to concentrate.” With millions of websites to choose from, the attention span of the average Internet user is just seconds.There are other digital distractions(分心) too：e－mail, instant messaging and quickie movies on websites.
Some people are worried about the effect on young people.“You need time to understand and think about what you read，”says Julia Wood, from London.“Young people search the net all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to make sense of it.I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.”
Other teachers are trying more unusual methods to improve students’ concentration.Anne Savan, from Wales, was so worried about her students that she started playing Mozart during her science lessons.She says that it had an amazing effect，“The music made them calmer, and their concentration was much better.”
But not everyone believes that there is a problem.Ray Cole, an educational psychologist says，“On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading.They might look at five unhelpful websites very quickly, before stopping and reading a sixth useful website more carefully.In a world with so much information available, this is an important skill.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展，人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上，快速不断地浏览使人们的注意力时长越来越短；但是有人认为，浏览网站，可以提高年轻人的判断能力。
1．Why does the writer mention “goldfish”？
A．To analyze data.
B．To introduce a topic.
C．To settle problems.
D．To suggest a way out.
B 解析：推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼只能集中九秒钟的注意力；结合第一段的第二句But according to a new research, humans are becoming like goldfish.可知，人们正变得像金鱼一样；接着文章提出中心论点：由于技术发展，我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断，作者用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题，故B项正确。
2．What may cause a shorter attention span according to Dr.Ted Selker?
A．Skipping around the Internet.
B．Time to digest information.
C．Traditional methods of reading.
D．Making decisions.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的We move quickly from one site to another on the web及and we are losing the ability to concentrate可知，Ted Selker认为，由于人们快速浏览网站，人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力，故A项正确。
3．What will help students overcome a short attention span?
A．Receiving emails.
B．Texting messages.
C．Reading more books.
D．Watching quickie movies.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.可知，阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力集中时间短的问题，故C项正确。
4．What is Ray Cole’s attitude towards looking through websites quickly?
A．Cautious. B．Unfavorable.
C．Skeptical. D．Supportive.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But not everyone believes that there is a problem.及On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading.可知，Ray Cole认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以提高快速判断的能力；据此可判断，Ray Cole对快速浏览网站持支持态度，故D项正确。
B
If you are looking for the place that has everything, there is only one place to visit, and that’s New York.It’s a whole world in a city.
The World of Theatre: All of New York is a stage.And it begins with Broadway.Where else can you find so many hit shows in one place? Only in New York!
The World of Music: Spend an evening with Beethoven at Lincoln Centre.Swing to the great jazz of Greenwich Village.Or rock yourself silly at the hottest dance sports found anywhere.
The World of Art: From Rembrandt to Picasso.From Egyptian tombs to Indian teepees.Whatever kind of art you like, you will find it in New York.
The World of Fine Dining: Whether it’s Roast Beijing Duck in Chinatown, or the finest French coq au vin found everywhere, there is a world of great taste waiting for you in New York.
The World of Sights: What other city has a Statue(雕塑) of Liberty? A Rockefeller Centre? Or a Bronx Zoo? Where else can you take a horse－drawn carriage(马车) through Central Park？Only in New York!
【解题导语】 本文介绍了在纽约许多值得游览的东西。
5．From the text we know that “Rembrandt” is mostly likely to be the name of a famous________．
A．actor B．musician
C．cook D．painter
D 解析：推理判断题。Rembrandt这个名人出现在第四段The World of Art部分，据此推断，Rembrandt是一名画家。故选D项。
6．Which of the following can visitors do only in New York?
A．To see the Statue of Liberty.
B．To taste the finest French coq au vin.
C．To enjoy a Beethoven concert.
D．To eat Roast Beijing Duck.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，仅纽约有自由女神像，而法国最好的酒闷仔鸡、贝多芬的音乐和北京的烤鸭在其他地方也有。故选A项。
7．This passage may be taken from________．
A．a handbook for English learners
B．a guidebook for foreign travelers
C．a pocketbook for businessmen
D．a storybook for local readers
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you are looking for the place that has everything, there is only one place to visit, and that’s New York.”可知，你可以去纽约，在那里你可以看到一切想看的。下文介绍了纽约的很多值得一看的东西，据此推断，此文是建议人们去纽约参观游览。故选B项。
七选五
Find Ways to Respond to a Major Disaster
When natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated(协调的) disaster relief(安慰) and recovery(痊愈).1.________
Volunteer
To take a hands－on approach to disaster recovery, volunteer your time and talents.You can travel to the affected regions to provide support.2.________ It is recommended(建议) that you volunteer through one of the professional organizations for your safety and your skills can be put to best use.
Donate(捐赠) money
Disaster victims often have lost their homes or need to relocate.In many cases, your money is just as valuable as your physical presence in helping with relief efforts.Many organizations provide temporary housing, food and other items for victims.3.________ Even organizations like the Red Cross have been criticized for how donated funds have been allocated(分配)．
Donate blood
If you can’t travel and don’t feel comfortable giving money, a need for donated blood always existed.The Red Cross and local medical organizations manage blood supplies that are important to disaster victims.Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment.4.________
5．________
Goods are valuable in stricken areas.Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas.It is the best to allow the professional organizations to coordinate these donation efforts and see that the needed supplies reach a location where they will be best used for recovery.
A．Send needed items
B．Make preparations
C．A lot of people are skillful at organizing local response.
D．Or look out for a blood drive in your area.
E．Whether disaster has occurred at home or abroad, you can help.
F．And you can do everything from providing first aid to rebuilding homes in these areas.
G．Before giving, though, make sure you trust the organization receiving your money.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了面对受灾地区人们能够给予什么帮助。
1．E 解析：根据空前的“When natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes happen, there’s always a great need for coordinated(协调的) disaster relief(安慰) and recovery(痊愈)．”可知当灾难发生后，为救济和恢复当地的生活我们都可以尽一份力，故选E。
2．F 解析：根据Volunteer这一标题，可知以下都是在详细介绍可以给予哪些帮助，故选F。
3．G 解析：根据空后的“Even organizations like the Red Cross have been criticized for how donated funds have been allocated(分配)．”可知甚至像红十字会这样的机构也曾被质疑捐款是如何分配的，故选G。
4．D 解析：根据空前的“Call the Red Cross to schedule an appointment.”可知可以给红十字会打电话预约献血，也可以寻找附近的献血活动，故选D。
5．A 解析：根据下文的“Goods are valuable in stricken areas.Building materials and donations of bottled water or household items can be placed on trucks and taken to the disaster areas.”可知是建议给灾区提供急需物资的帮助，故选A。
短文改错
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to know you’re unhappy now. It’s very difficulty for us teenagers to keep a balance between part－time jobs and our study. However, you don’t have to worry too much. I would like give you some suggestions. Firstly, think about the purpose of your finding a part－time job. I think it’s important to gain some knowledges and life skills instead of only make some extra money at present. Secondly, you should pay attention to learning from some study methods and skills, which will save our time and energy. Last and not least, you should make a overall and clear timetable and make sure you set aside enough time for your study. I hope you would soon feel happy and balance your work and study perfect.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to know you’re unhappy now. It’s very for us teenagers to keep a balance between part－time jobs and our study. However, you don’t have to worry too much. I would like give you some suggestions. Firstly, think about the purpose of your finding a part－time job. I think it’s important to gain some and life skills instead of only some extra money at present. Secondly, you should pay attention to learning some study methods and skills, which will save time and energy. Last not least, you should make overall and clear timetable and make sure you set aside enough time for your study. I hope you soon feel happy and balance your work and study .
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ Word power, Task & Project
1．appropriate adj. 适当的
2．base n. 基地，大本营；底部；基础
vt. 以……为基础
3．statement n. 陈述；声明
4．blank n. (文件等)空白处，空格
adj. 空白的；无表情的
5．attack vt.&vi.&n. 攻击；进攻
6．convince vt. 使确信，使相信
7．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的→enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地→enthusiast n．热心人
8．exist vi. 存在→existence n．存在；生存
9．disagree vi. 不同意→disagreement n．不合；不一致→agree v．同意；一致→agreement n．一致；协议
10．organize vt. 组织，筹备；安排，处理→organization n．机构；组织
11．length n. 长度→lengthen v．加长；延长
12．examine vt. 检查→examination n．考查；考试；审讯；检查
13．reserve n. (动植物)保护区；储备 vt. 预订；保留；储备→reservation n．预订；保留意见
14．strength n. 力量，力气→strengthen v．加强；变坚固→strengths n．强项
15．survive vi.&vt. 生存；挺过(难关)→survival n．幸存；幸存者
1．send up 发射；使向上升
2．be enthusiastic about 热衷于
3．pick up 捡起；收听；得到；学会
4．in length 长度
5．be similar to 与……相似
6．dozens of 许多，很多
7．belong to 属于
8．make one’s way to 前往，到……去
9．be linked to 与……相关，与……有联系
10．vote on 就……投票
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Some people say Yetis are man－like because________．
A．they have long hair and huge shoulders
B．they are covered with thick black fur and can run very fast
C．they can walk like human beings
D．they sometimes come down from the mountains to attack villagers
2．It can be inferred from the passage that________．
A．there must be a Yeti living in Bossburg，Washington
B．there must be a Yeti living in the western part of Hubei Province
C．no Yeti has really been discovered until today
D．all Yetis in the world have died out
3．According to Dr Grover Krantz，there is a possibility that________．
A．there must be some Yetis still living today
B．Yetis have gone to another world
C．Yetis lived only about 3，000，000 years ago on snowy mountains
D．there were many Yetis but they have died out now
4．This passage is perhaps taken from________．
A．a scientific magazine
B．a history book
C．a science fiction novel
D．a geography textbook
答案：1－4.CCAA
Yeti①， Bigfoot② and the Wild Man of Shennongjia③
For centuries, people have reported seeing a wild creature in the Himalayas called Yeti.The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy④ animal that walks on two feet like a human being⑤.People believe that Yetis sometimes come down from the mountains to attack⑥ villagers⑦.
In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalayas.‘It walked like a human, but it had thick black fur⑧ and was about six feet tall with huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands⑨， ’ he said.
In 2007, an American TV team saw Yeti tracks⑩ 33 centimetres? in length? in the snow near Mount Qomolangma.They made copies of these tracks and had them examined? by a scientist in the USA. He reported that they looked like the tracks of a similar creature, called Bigfoot?，which some people believe lives in the forests of the north－west? of the USA?.
①Yeti['jetI]n.雪人，野人(＝Abominable Snowman)
②Bigfoot['bIɡf?t]n.北美野人
③Wild Man of Shennongjia n．神农架野人
④hairy['he?rI]adj.多毛的，毛茸茸的
⑤human being n．人
Sb.is said to be...＝It is said that sb.be...据说某人是……；that引导定语从句，修饰animal，且在从句中作主语。
⑥attack[?'t?k]vt.&vi.& n．攻击；进攻
⑦villager['vIlId??(r)]n.村民
⑧fur[f??(r)]n.(动物的)皮毛，毛皮
⑨介词短语作伴随状语。
⑩track[tr?k]n.足迹，踪迹
?centimetre['sentImi?t?(r)]n.厘米
?length[le?θ]n.长度
33 centimetres in length长度为33厘米，相当于“数词＋单位量词＋long”。
?examine[Iɡ'z?mIn]vt.检查have sth.examined让人对某物进行检查
?过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a similar creature。
?north－west[?n??θ'west]n.西北
?which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰creature。
雪人、北美野人和神农架野人
几个世纪以来，不断有人报告说在喜马拉雅山区看见一种被称为雪人的野生动物。据说野人体形庞大，多毛，像人一样用两只脚走路。人们相信雪人有时会从山上下来袭击村民。
1998年，一名美国登山者声称，他在喜马拉雅山的中国一侧看见一个雪人。“它走路(的样子)像人类，但它有厚厚的黑毛，大约6英尺高，双肩宽阔，两臂很长，还有一双大手。”他说。
2007年，一个美国电视拍摄组在珠穆朗玛峰附近的雪地里看到长达33厘米的雪人脚印。他们拷贝了这些脚印，并让美国的一位科学家进行了检测。那位科学家报告说它们看上去像一种叫北美野人的类似动物的脚印，有人认为北美野人就生活在美国西北部的森林里。
Yeti and Bigfoot are similar to? a creature known as?the Wild Man of Shennongjia?.There have been dozens of?reports that people have seen a Wild Man in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve( in western Hubei Province(, China. In one case, a group of engineers ran after( the creature，which( moved with amazing speed and strength(. Large tracks have also been discovered which some people say belong to( the Wild Man(.Because of these reports and the tracks, there have been several organized searches for this creature, but no strong evidence for its existence( has ever been found.
Dr Grover Krantz, a scientist from Washington State University, studied reports of such strange creatures for many years.He became convinced( they exist.He believed that these creatures are linked( to a common ancestor( , an animal that lived in Asia some 300，000 years ago(.In his opinion(, this animal made its way to( other parts of the world, and continues to survive( even today.
Scientists hope that the mystery will be solved one day.If such creatures really exist, we might have the chance to see( one with our own eyes.
?be similar to与……相似
?(be)known as以……出名，作为……而出名
?过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a creature。
?dozens of(informal)许多，很多
dozen['d?zn]n.(一)打；十二个；十来个
(reserve[rI'z??v]n.(动植物)保护区；储备vt.预订；保留；储备
(There have/has been...是there be句型的完成时形式；
that引导的同位语从句，补充说明reports的内容。
(run after追踪，追赶；跟踪
(which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词creature。
(strength[stre?θ]n.力量，力气
(belong to属于(无被动语态和进行时态)
belong[bI'l??]vi.应在(某处)；适应
(which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词large tracks。
(existence[Iɡ'zIst?ns]n.存在
(convince[k?n'vIns]vt.使确信，使相信
(link[lI?k]vt.& n．联系，关联
be linked to与……有关
(ancestor['?nsest?(r)]n.祖先，祖宗
(an animal是a common ancestor的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词an animal。
(in one’s opinion在某人看来
(make one’s way to前往，到……去
(survive[s?'vaIv]vi.& vt.生存；挺过(难关)
(have the chance to do sth.有机会做某事
雪人和北美野人与一种被称为神农架野人的生物很相似。已经有了许多在中国湖北省西部的神农架自然保护区发现野人的报道。有一次，一群工程师追赶这种以惊人速度和力量移动的生物。也曾发现过巨大的脚印，有人说它们属于野人。因为这些报道和脚印，人们已经组织过几次对这种生物的搜寻，但是从没找到过它存在的有力证据。
华盛顿州立大学的一名科学家格罗弗·克兰茨博士曾研究有关这类奇怪生物的报道多年。他开始确信它们存在。他认为这些生物与一个共同的祖先有关联，该动物生活在约30万年前的亚洲。在他看来，这种动物后来又去了世界上的其他地方，并一直存活至今。
科学家们希望野人之谜将来有一天会被破解。如果这种生物真的存在，我们或许有机会亲眼见识一下。
exist vi.存在
(教材P8)Though he has never met any aliens，he believes they do exist.
尽管他从来没见过外星人，但他相信他们是存在的。
(1)exist in 存在于……之中
exist on 靠……为生
there exists/existed... 有……；存在着……
(2)existence n. 存在
come into existence 出现；产生
(3)existing adj. 现存的； 现有的
①If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.
如果不是雷切尔·卡森，今天不可能存在环保运动。
②They can’t exist on the money he’s earning.
他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。
③There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in maths.(exist)
有一个解决现存数学问题的好方法。
④The organization came into existence(exist) ten years ago.
这个组织10年前就成立了。
exist是不及物动词， 不能用于被动语态和进行时。
award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt.奖励；给予；授予；判给
(教材P17)We could offer awards to the winning team and the most enthusiastic players.
我们会给获胜队和最热忱的队员发奖。
(1)win/receive/get an award for sth.
因某事而获奖
(2)award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.
授予/奖励某人某物；判给某人某物
sb.be awarded sth. 被授予；奖励某人某物
①Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments.
凯斯虽然不指望获得任何奖项，但她仍然待在那里为朋友们加油并赞赏他们的成就。
②Points were awarded for part－time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
做兼职工作、干家务、在学校里努力学习、处理问题的能力都可以得到奖励分。
③It’s said that the old scientist had won an award for his contribution to his country.
据说那位老科学家因对国家有贡献而获得奖励。
④The judge awarded(award) him $1，000 as damages.
法官判给他损害赔偿金1 000美元。
[巧学活用]——用高级句式改写句子
He made a great contribution to the company , so he was awarded a house.
→He was awarded a house for his great contribution to the company.
examine vt.检查；诊察；审查；测验，考试
(教材P18)They made copies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA.
他们拷贝了这些脚印，并让美国的一位科学家进行了检测。
(1)examine sth./sb.(for sth.) (仔细地)检查， 检验
examine sb.(in/on sth.) 考查/测试某人……
(2)exam n. [C]考试
examination n. (正式)考试；检查，
审查
①Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass.
昨天， 消防队员们仔细地检查了地面， 但未能找到任何碎玻璃。
②He wants to have his eyes examined(exam) tomorrow.
他明天想去检查他的眼睛。
③To get ready for the coming entrance examination(examine), the students are working hard.
为了准备好即将来临的入学考试，学生们都在努力学习。
reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储备
vt. 预订；保留；储备
(教材P18)There have been dozens of reports that people have seen a Wild Man in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve in western Hubei Province，China.
已经有了许多在中国湖北省西部的神农架自然保护区发现野人的报道。
(1)without reserve 毫无异议地
in reserve 备用的
(2)reserve sth.for sb./sth. 为某人/某物保留， 预定……
(3)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)
①The old man keeps a large reserve of firewood for cold weather.
这位老人贮存了大量的木柴以备天冷时用。
②He still reserved his opinion on some points.
在一些问题上， 他仍然保留自己的意见。
③These seats are reserved for special guests.
这些座位是留给贵宾的。
④I will call the restaurant and make a reservation(reserve) in case there’s none left.
我要给饭店打个电话预定以免没有座位。
I’m a reserve for the school football team.(替补队员；后备队员)
[巧学活用]——一句多译
提前预定一张桌子是个好主意。
(1)It is a good idea to reserve a table in advance.(reserve v．)
(2)It is a good idea to make a reservation for a table in advance.(reservation n．)
strength n．体力，力量，力气；优点
(教材P18)In one case，a group of engineers ran after the creature，which moved with amazing speed and strength.
有一次，一群工程师追赶这种以惊人速度和力量移动的生物。
(1)build up one’s strength 增强体质
with all one’s strength 竭尽全力
have the strength to do sth. 有力气做某事
strengths and weaknesses 优缺点
(2)strengthen v. 加强
(3)strong adj. 强壮的
①We should take part in the physical exercise and build up our strength.
我们大家都应该参加体育活动来增强体质。
②Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength(strong), but also develop one’s character.
练中国功夫不但能增强体质， 还能培养一个人的品质。
③His visit to England was intended to strengthen (strength) ties between the two countries.
他此次访问英国旨在增进两国间的关系。
[基础练习]——单句改错
(1)Trainers first of all have to know their strength and weaknesses.strength→strengths
(2)Our bodies are strength by taking exercise.Similarly, our minds are developed by learning.strength→strengthened
[能力提升]——完成句子
(3)为了增强他的体质，他练习举重。
He does weight training in order to build up his strength/body．
(4)困难磨练意志，正如劳动锻炼身体。
Difficulties strengthen the mind，as labor does the body.
convince vt.使确信，使相信
(教材P18)He became convinced they exist.
他开始确信它们存在。
(1)convince sb.of sth. 使某人信服某事
convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb.that... 使某人确信……
(2)convinced adj. 确信的， 深信的
be convinced of/that... 确信……
(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的
①We should convince the students of the necessity of extensive reading.
我们应该使学生相信泛读的必要性。
②I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me.
我尽力让自己相信，麻烦是这个问题本身而不是我本人。
③All these convinced me of his innocence.
＝All these convinced me that he was innocent.
所有这些使我相信他是清白无辜的。
④His idea was not convincing(convince)．At last I convinced him of changing his mind.
他的观点没有说服力。最终我说服他改变了主意。
[巧学活用]——句式升级
He was convinced that his sick son was asleep, and he turned off the light and went to bed.
→Convinced that his sick son was asleep, he turned off the light and went to bed.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
survive vi.&vt.生存；挺过(难关)
(教材P18)In his opinion，this animal made its way to other parts of the world，and continues to survive even today. 在他看来，这种动物后来又去了世界上的其他地方，并一直存活至今。
(1)A survive B (by...) A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来，流传
下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
①Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived.
在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
②The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea.
被困在孤岛上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的鱼生存了下来。
③Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。
④The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years.
那位老妇人比她所有的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。
He was the only survivor in that bad accident，and after the survival，he has been living a happy and healthy life.
pick up 捡起；整理；收听；得到；学会；加快；接人；复苏，好转；振作精神；便宜买到
(教材P7)Then a tracking ship picked them up.
然后一艘跟踪船将它们打捞上来。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中pick up的含义
(1)He picked up some French words while living with a Frenchman.(无意中)学会
(2)The school bus picks up the children three times every day.开车接(人)
(3)The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.接收(信号)
(4)My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.恢复；好转
pick out 挑选出， 辨别出
He picked out his old friend Tom in the crowd.
他在人群中认出了他的老朋友汤姆。
run after 追赶；追求
(教材P18)In one case，a group of engineers ran after the creature，which moved with amazing speed and strength.
有一次，一群工程师追赶这种以惊人速度和力量移动的生物。
run across 偶然遇到
run into 撞上， 偶遇
run away 逃跑
①If you run after two hares，you will catch neither.
[谚]同时追两兔， 全都抓不住。
②The policemen are running after a prisoner who escaped last night.
警察在追捕一名昨夜逃跑的犯人。
③I was about to leave when I ran into Mr. White.
我刚要走就碰见了怀特先生。
make one’s way to 前往；到……去
(教材P18)In his opinion，this animal made its way to other parts of the world，and continues to survive even today. 在他看来，这种动物后来又去了世界上的其他地方，并一直存活至今。
feel one’s way 摸索前进
push one’s way 挤出一条路
wind it’s way (道路、河流等)蜿蜒；曲折前进
make way for 让路给；给……让位
make one’s way 前进；成功
①The firemen made their way to the places on fire.
消防队员赶到起火的地方。
②So long as you work hard, you can make your way in life.
只要你努力工作， 你的人生就会成功。
③He felt his way downstairs in the darkness.
他在黑暗中摸索着下楼。
④He pushed his way through the crowd.
他从人群中挤过去。
⑤We are old now and have to make way for the young generation.
我们如今岁数大了，得让位给年轻的一代了。
(教材P18)The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.
据说野人体形庞大，多毛，像人一样用两只脚走路。
该句是“sb./sth.is said to do”的句型。该句型可以与It is said that...句型转换。
(1)It is said that＋主语...
People say that＋主语...
主语＋be said to do...
三种结构可互换，意为“据说……，人们说……”。
(2)在“主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”结构中，其不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。
①be said to be＋adj./n. 据说(是)……
②be said to have done sth. 据说已经做了某事
③be said to be doing sth. 据说正在做某事
①Donald Trump is said to be a smart businessman.
＝It is said that Donald Trump is a smart businessman.
据说唐纳德·特朗普是一个睿智的商人。
②The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
＝It is said that the book has been translated(translate) into many languages.
据说那本书已经被译成好多种语言。
③She is said to be writing a new novel.
＝It’s said that she is writing (write)a new novel.
据说她正在写一本新小说。
(教材P18)They made copies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA. 他们拷贝了这些脚印，并让美国的一位科学家进行了检测。
had them examined中have是使役动词，使用的是have sth.done句型“使某事物被做”，宾语sth.和宾补之间构成被动关系。
本句是“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的句型，该句型中还可以用“get”代替“have”。这个结构一般有以下两种不同的意思：表示“请/让/叫别人(为自己)做某事”；表示“遭遇某种不幸的事情”。
have作使役动词后跟宾补时还常用以下几种形式：
(1)have＋宾语＋do sth.＝ask＋宾语＋to do sth.
让/请某人做某事；
(2)have＋宾语＋doing sth.＝get＋宾语＋doing sth.
多表示“让某人/某物处于做某事的状态”，此时have也可由keep来代替；
(3)won’t/can’t have＋宾语＋doing sth.含“不允许或禁止”之意。
①Mr.Howe wants to have his washing machine repaired.豪先生想请人为他修理洗衣机。
②I had my wallet stolen on my way home last Monday.
上星期一我在回家的路上，钱包被(人)偷了。
③The boss often has them work(work) for 14 hours a day.
老板经常要他们一天工作14个小时。
④His parents had him staying(stay) at home all the time.
他父母让他一直待在家里。
⑤George，I won’t have you shouting(shout) at me that way!
乔治，我不允许你那样对我大喊大叫。
品句填词
1．Our headmaster gave a ____________(有说服力的) speech to persuade students to donate some money for the disaster area.
答案：convincing
2．He is the only survivor of his family who ____________(生存) the train crash.
答案：survived
3．Our friendship has steadily ____________(增强) over the years.
答案：strengthened
4．As she said, “Do you have to be a member of that ____________(组织)？”
答案：organization
5．It’s ____________(适当的) to send an email farewell letter.
答案：appropriate
6．We must pick out the enemy’s weakest unit for ____________(攻击)．
答案：attack
7．She tends to get angry when others ____________(不同意) with her.
答案：disagree
8．I’d like to ____________(预订) a table for two at seven tonight.
答案：reserve
单句改错
1．How did the word “Tuhao” come into exist on the Internet？____________________
答案：exist→existence
2．The actress performed so well in the film that she awarded in Hong Kong in April.____________________
答案：在awarded前加was
3．We have had a window table reserved you as you are our honored guest.____________________
答案：reserved后加for
4．I don’t have strength to climb any further.____________________
答案：strength前加the
5．I’ve been trying to convince Jean go with me.____________________
答案：go前加to
课文语篇改错
Yetis are human－like creatures, that are believed to be living in very high mountains covering with snow.Some people believe Yetis may sometimes come down from the mountains attack villagers.
They say Yetis walk like human beings and they are tall and strong with huge shoulders, very long arms and large hand.They are covered in thick black fur.Besides, there have been many people, every year around the world, who report see Yetis somewhere.
Are there real any Yetis in the world？Scientists study the reports of Yetis.Some of them think that the footprints that were found in the snow might have been left by large animals and some others believe the footprints were made by some joke－loving the people.Until now there has been no hard evidence to support the existence of Yetis.However, one scientist from Washington State University Dr Grover Krantz believes that there may be some Yetis still live today.
Do you really wish to see a Yeti with your own eyes? But you should not forget the fact that Yetis are very tall and strong and they can run fast than you do!
答案：
Yetis are human－like creatures, are believed to be living in very high mountains with snow.Some people believe Yetis may sometimes come down from the mountains attack villagers.
They say Yetis walk like human beings and they are tall and strong with huge shoulders, very long arms and large .They are covered thick black fur.Besides, there have been many people, every year around the world, who report Yetis somewhere.
Are there any Yetis in the world？Scientists study the reports of Yetis.Some of them think that the footprints that were found in the snow might have been left by large animals and some others believe the footprints were made by some joke－loving people.Until now there has been no hard evidence to support the existence of Yetis.However, one scientist from Washington State University Dr Grover Krantz believes that there may be some Yetis still today.
Do you really wish to see a Yeti with your own eyes? But you should not forget the fact that Yetis are very tall and strong and they can run than you do!
A卷
单句语法填空
1．They became ____________(convince) that lives exist on the Mars while studying the stone.
答案：convinced
2．Pakistan came into ____________(exist) as an independent country after the war.
答案：existence
3．— Is Helen still working in the company?
— No.She is said to have ____________(leave) for further study abroad last month.
答案：left
4．Lucky for us，we had plenty of time to enjoy the ____________(amaze) scenery.
答案：amazing
5．The teacher has had our monitor ____________(carry) water for us.
答案：carry
6．He wasted a lot of time ____________(run) after fame and money instead of working hard.
答案：running
7．They are similar in ____________ they both have big eyes and long hair.
答案：that
8．She is said ____________(do) the experiment in the lab.
答案：to be doing
9．For many years, people have dreamed of electric ears.However，____________(make)them has been more difficult than predicted.
答案：making
10．I’m not enthusiastic ____________ going out for a walk.
答案：about
阅读理解
A
When Tiffany was 16 years old, her mother, a cigarette smoker, died of lung cancer. “Watching her suffer and cough was terrible，” she says. “I felt alone and scared, and I felt it could have been prevented.”
However, Tiffany started smoking in her late teens. She says, “In my college, a lot of students were smoking, and I wanted to fit in.” Throughout the years, she tried to quit, but it wasn’t until her daughter was 16 years old that she thought of her mother’s death and tried hard to quit.
In the process of quitting, she set a date to quit smoking and reached out to family and friends for support. Tiffany also changed her morning habit. Instead of getting up an hour early to drink coffee and smoke, she enjoyed an extra hour of sleep. She threw all the cigarettes in her home and car. Every time she went out, she would carry a picture of her mother, especially during long road trips, to remind her of everything her mother went through and her death from lung cancer. For a while, Tiffany avoided social events where she might be encouraged to smoke. She drank a lot of water and started exercising more often. She quickly realized that without cigarettes, she was more energetic.
However, sometimes she still wanted a cigarette. Luckily, her family and friends were there for her. But her biggest motivation(动力) was her daughter. “She was so happy and so proud of me when I quit，” says Tiffany. “I love her so much, and watching her grow up and thinking how successful she could be make me excited. I can’t bear the thought of missing out on any of the important occasions in her life. I quit because I want to be around for her！”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tiffany吸烟的原因以及后来她为了女儿戒烟的经过。
1．What did Tiffany most probably think caused her mother’s death？
A．Her heavy cigarette smoking.
B．The loneliness and scare in her heart.
C．Her extremely high pressure from work.
D．No proper treatment for a serious cough.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可推断，Tiffany认为她妈妈的死是吸烟造成的。
2．In order to quit smoking, Tiffany ever tried to________．
A．take more long road trips
B．sleep early and get up late
C．draw pictures of her mother
D．keep away from smoking environment
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的For a while, Tiffany avoided social events where she might be encouraged to smoke.可知，为了戒烟，她一度避免去那些可能会使她吸烟的场合。
3．Which of the following played a key role in encouraging Tiffany to quit smoking?
A．Motivation coming from her colleagues.
B．Thinking of her daughter’s future.
C．Support from her family and friends.
D．Learning more about the dangers of smoking.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中引用的Tiffany的话可知，女儿的未来是她戒烟的动力，她不想错过女儿一生中任何重要的场合。
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why smoking is dangerous.
B．How the author stopped smoking.
C．Why and how Tiffany quit smoking.
D．How Tiffany was encouraged to quit smoking.
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了Tiffany为什么决定戒烟以及如何戒烟。
B
The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness，which is probably why there are more myths about it than any of the other illnesses.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.They are not.They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.You catch a cold by coming into contact，directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one.If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in distant and isolated Arctic regions explorers have reposed being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long periods of time.After taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits，allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty(通风的)room.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to complete tiredness.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If，then，cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds，why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research，no one has yet found the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin，but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.
【解题导语】 本文通过大量实验和实例来证明普通的感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒感染引起的。冷会让很多人在室内的时间更长，更容易传播病菌。
5．The fact that the Eskimos don’t suffer colds shows that________．
A．colds are really full of myths
B．viruses are the factors causing colds
C．colds are more serious than other illnesses
D．the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.可知，如果感冒是因为寒冷的话，那么爱斯基摩人就会永远的感冒了，可是他们没有，说明感冒不是因为寒冷。故选D。
6．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that________．
A．it were viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds
B．taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired
C．being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body
D．people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily
A 解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段的最后一句Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.可知，实验证明是病毒而不是湿冷的空气让人感冒。故选A。
7．According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because________．
A．staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on
B．viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter
C．there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature
D．people are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter
A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.可知，人们得感冒不是因为喜欢待在家里，而是因为经常待在一起病毒更容易感染，故选A。
8．The passage mainly discusses________．
A．the experiments on colds
B．the myths about colds
C．the reason and the way people catch colds
D．the continued spread of common colds
C 解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。故选C。
语法填空
People don’t always go to coffee shops just 1.____________ a drink, but to spend time with friends or read a book. This “coffee shop culture” is 2.____________(high) popular in the UK.
There are around 15，000 coffee shops in the UK. Most coffee shops have a relaxed atmosphere(气氛). People go with friends or family 3.____________(talk) and relax after going shopping. Also, many people go alone. Coffee shops are great places to read in peace, or to sit and write.
In Colombia, however, the coffee shop culture does not really exist(存在), or, at least, 4.____________(be) still very new. Famous for 5.____________(it) coffee I imagined that even the smallest Colombian village would have a coffee shop. I mean, they do exist but they are not as common 6.____________ I had expected.
The ones that do exist are very 7.____________(difference) from those in the UK. They are places 8.____________ you go, have a quick drink and then leave at once. Nobody spends the afternoon 9.____________(enjoy) a peaceful moment. The idea that a person would go to a coffee shop alone is, clearly, silly. Every time I go alone with a book, other 10.____________(customer) look at me strangely. This may be the culture only in Pasto, where I live; other Colombian cities perhaps have a more developed coffee shop culture.
1．for 解析：考查介词。由本句中的 but to spend time with friends or read a book 可知，设空处所在部分意为“人们去咖啡店并不只是为了喝杯咖啡”，故填介词for。
2．highly 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词 popular，表示“非常”，故填副词highly。
3．to talk 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。设空处所在句意为“人们和朋友或家人购物后会去咖啡店聊聊天，放松一下”，故填to talk。 to talk and relax在此作目的状语。
4．is 解析：考查主谓一致。设空处与does not really exist(存在)并列作谓语，主语为 the coffee shop culture，故填is。
5．its 解析：考查代词。设空处作定语修饰coffee，表示“它的”，故填its。
6．as 解析：考查连词。设空处所在句意为“在这里确实有咖啡店，但没有我预想的那么普遍”，故填as。 as...as... 和……一样……。
7．different 解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，表示“不同的”，故填形容词different。
8．where 解析：考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词places，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
9．enjoying 解析：考查动词－ing形式作补语的用法。spend...doing sth.意为“花费……做某事”。
10．customers 解析：考查名词复数。设空处表示“顾客”，由other以及谓语动词look at可知，此处应填customers。
B卷
阅读理解
The idea behind Facebook is to make us feel connected all the time.But in my research, I’ve found that the truth is quite different.
Technology, it turns out, has made being alone seem like a problem that needs solving.When young people are alone, even for a minute or two, they feel the need to connect, to get on Facebook or some other social networks and chat.But in connecting, they often end up feeling more isolated．Why？Because by being in constant(不断的)connection, they lose the ability to feel satisfied with their own company(独处)．
Facebook can help us keep in touch with our friends, but we too often use it instead of spending face－to－face time with them.And since we feel the need to keep up with them online, we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone.
—Sherry Turkle, Professor
Facebook connects more of us to more of our friends and family in more places than we have ever been connected before.Yes, Facebook is a huge time sink—maybe the biggest ever.Many people post useless stuff.And seeing too much of your friends’ lives can make you jealous(嫉妒的), but it won’t make you lonely.
Jane, a former student of mine, who is back in New York after living abroad for ten years, told me that Facebook helps her a lot.The first time she moved back to New York from abroad, she felt disconnected from her family and friends.Now，because of lots of photos and information updates(更新), she knows what is happening with her friends all the time.
In fact, if you are lonely in real life, you will be lonely online as well.
—Sree Sreenivasan, Chief Digital Officer
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独。
1．The underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 2 means“________”．
A．free B．selfish
C．careless D．lonely
D 解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的made being alone seem like a problem...When young people are alone可知，isolated此处指“孤独的”，故选D项。
2．According to Sherry Turkle, we should________.
A．feel satisfied with our life
B．avoid using social networks
C．keep in touch with our friends
D．enjoy moments of loneliness
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone可知，Sherry Turkle认为我们应该学会享受孤独。
3．What’s Jane’s attitude towards Facebook?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.
C．Thankful. D．Regretful.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jane描述她从Facebook里了解朋友们的生活以及Facebook helps her a lot可知，Jane对Facebook应该是充满感激之情。
4．The purpose of the text is to________.
A．educate B．discuss
C．persuade D．introduce
B 解析：写作意图题。从本文贯穿始终的alone和lonely以及两位人士对社交网络Facebook的不同观点可知，本文对社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独进行了探讨。
完形填空
He has been called the“missing link”．Half－man，half－beast.He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world—Mount Everest.
He is known as the Abominable(讨厌的) Snowman.The__1__of the Snowman has been around for__2__．Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mount Everest.The native people said they__3__this creature and called it the“Yeti”，and they said that they had__4__caught Yetis on two occasions__5__none has ever been produced as evidence(证据)．
Over the years，the story of the Yetis has__6__．In 1916，Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest.Shipton believed that they were not__7__the tracks of a monkey or bear and__8__that the Abominable Snowman might really__9__．
Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis.But the only things people have ever found were__10__footprints.Most believe the footprints are nothing more than__11__animal tracks，which had been made__12__as they melted(融化) and refroze in the snow.__13__，in 1964，a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was__14__and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans.But，__15__，no evidence has ever__16__been produced.
These days，only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman__17__．But if they__18__catching one，they may face a real__19__：would they put it in a__20__or give it a room in a hotel?
1．A.event B．story
C．adventure D．description
B 解析：event意为“事件”；story意为“故事，传说”；adventure意为“冒险”；description意为“描述”。根据全文可知，关于雪人这件事是一个故事或传说。
2．A.centuries B．too long
C．some time D．many years
D 解析：从下文中的“Climbers in the 1920s”可知，关于雪人的故事已有许多年(many years)，不可能是其他选项。
3．A.heard from B．cared for
C．knew of D．read about
C 解析：know of意为“听说”，其他选项不符合文章意思。
4．A.even B．hardly
C．certainly D．probably
A 解析：even在此用来加强语气，表示甚至有人抓到过雪人。
5．A.as B．though
C．when D．until
B 解析：though引导让步状语从句，表示尽管目前还没有证据证明这一问题。
6．A.developed B．changed
C．occurred D．continued
D 解析：根据文章意思，雪人的故事应当是还在继续流传。
7．A.entirely B．naturally
C．clearly D．simply
D 解析：simply在此处作“仅仅”讲，此句意为“这不只是猴子或熊的脚印”。
8．A.found B．declared
C．felt D．doubted
C 解析：根据前文中believed一词我们可知，Eric Shipton没有什么证据，只能是“感觉到”(feel)。
9．A.exist B．escape
C．disappear D．return
A 解析：exist意为“存在”；escape意为“逃脱”；disappear意为“消失”；return意为“归还，回来”。根据上下文很容易确定答案。
10．A.clearer B．more
C．possible D．rare
B 解析：从文中的意思来看，后来人们只是发现“更多的”(more)脚印。
11．A.huge B．recent
C．ordinary D．frightening
C 解析：由nothing more than来暗示脚印也不过是“普通”(ordinary)动物的行迹而已。
12．A.strange B．large
C．deep D．rough
B 解析：结合上下文的意思，雪地里的足迹经过融化再冻会变“大”(large)。
13．A.In the end B．Therefore
C．After all D．However
D 解析：however此处表示转折，因为下文写的是一名俄罗斯科学家所持的不同观点。
14．A.imagined B．real
C．special D．familiar
B 解析：后文讲到一名俄罗斯科学家认为雪人与史前人类相联系，由此可见这位科学家认为雪人是“真的”(real)。
15．A.so B．besides
C．again D．instead
C 解析：上文提到的没有证据证明这种情况这里是指这种情况又出现了，故用again。
16．A.rightly B．actually
C．normally D．particularly
B 解析：actually此处指“事实上”，这位俄罗斯科学家的观点仍然没有得到事实证明。
17．A.lightly B．jokingly
C．seriously D．properly
C 解析：联系上下文可知，大部分人都不相信雪人的故事了，只有少数人“认真”(seriously)对待雪人的传说，take sth.seriously意为“认真对待某事”。
18．A.succeed in B．insist on
C．depend on D．join in
A 解析：succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，符合句意。
19．A.decision B．situation
C．subject D．problem
D 解析：根据文意，应为面临的“难题”(problem)。
20．A.zoo B．mountain
C．museum D．laboratory
A 解析：从文章的意思看，雪人如果是“人”就应当住旅馆；如果是“动物”，就应该进“动物园”(zoo)。
短文改错
Time flies! This is a third year that I have been in this school.In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities.What impressed me best was an activity called “Learning to Farm”．In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes.Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside.After divided into three groups, we started to work.Some students cut potatoes into pieces; some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the hole, put the earth back and pushed them down hard.We continued doing that until all the work was done.Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home.
答案：
Time flies! This is third year that I have been in this school.In the past two and a half years, our school organized many activities.What impressed me was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm we learned to plant potatoes.Having been in the city for a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside.After divided into three groups, we started to work.Some students cut potatoes into pieces; some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the ， put the earth back and pushed down hard.We continued doing that until all the work was done.Although we were exhausted, we felt fulfilled on our way back home.
课件76张PPT。Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．Our headmaster gave a ____________(有说服力的) speech to persuade students to donate some money for the disaster area.
答案：convincing
2．He is the only survivor of his family who ____________(生存) the train crash.
答案：survived
3．Our friendship has steadily ____________(增强) over the years.
答案：strengthened
4．As she said, “Do you have to be a member of that ____________(组织)？”
答案：organization
5．It’s ____________(适当的) to send an email farewell letter.
答案：appropriate
6．We must pick out the enemy’s weakest unit for ____________(攻击)．
答案：attack
7．She tends to get angry when others ____________(不同意) with her.
答案：disagree
8．I’d like to ____________(预订) a table for two at seven tonight.
答案：reserve
单句改错
1．How did the word “Tuhao” come into exist on the Internet？____________________
答案：exist→existence
2．The actress performed so well in the film that she awarded in Hong Kong in April. ____________________
答案：在awarded前加was
3．We have had a window table reserved you as you are our honored guest. ____________________
答案：reserved后加for
4．I don’t have strength to climb any further.____________________
答案：strength前加the
5．I’ve been trying to convince Jean go with me.____________________
答案：go前加to
课文语篇改错
Yetis are human－like creatures, that are believed to be living in very high mountains covering with snow.Some people believe Yetis may sometimes come down from the mountains attack villagers.
They say Yetis walk like human beings and they are tall and strong with huge shoulders, very long arms and large hand.They are covered in thick black fur.Besides, there have been many people, every year around the world, who report see Yetis somewhere.
Are there real any Yetis in the world？Scientists study the reports of Yetis.Some of them think that the footprints that were found in the snow might have been left by large animals and some others believe the footprints were made by some joke－loving the people.Until now there has been no hard evidence to support the existence of Yetis.However, one scientist from Washington State University Dr Grover Krantz believes that there may be some Yetis still live today.
Do you really wish to see a Yeti with your own eyes? But you should not forget the fact that Yetis are very tall and strong and they can run fast than you do!
答案：
Yetis are human－like creatures, are believed to be living in very high mountains with snow.Some people believe Yetis may sometimes come down from the mountains attack villagers.
They say Yetis walk like human beings and they are tall and strong with huge shoulders, very long arms and large .They are covered thick black fur.Besides, there have been many people, every year around the world, who report Yetis somewhere.
Are there any Yetis in the world？Scientists study the reports of Yetis.Some of them think that the footprints that were found in the snow might have been left by large animals and some others believe the footprints were made by some joke－loving people.Until now there has been no hard evidence to support the existence of Yetis.However, one scientist from Washington State University Dr Grover Krantz believes that there may be some Yetis still today.
Do you really wish to see a Yeti with your own eyes? But you should not forget the fact that Yetis are very tall and strong and they can run than you do!
A卷
单句语法填空
1．They became ____________(convince) that lives exist on the Mars while studying the stone.
答案：convinced
2．Pakistan came into ____________(exist) as an independent country after the war.
答案：existence
3．— Is Helen still working in the company?
— No.She is said to have ____________(leave) for further study abroad last month.
答案：left
4．Lucky for us，we had plenty of time to enjoy the ____________(amaze) scenery.
答案：amazing
5．The teacher has had our monitor ____________(carry) water for us.
答案：carry
6．He wasted a lot of time ____________(run) after fame and money instead of working hard.
答案：running
7．They are similar in ____________ they both have big eyes and long hair.
答案：that
8．She is said ____________(do) the experiment in the lab.
答案：to be doing
9．For many years, people have dreamed of electric ears.However，____________(make)them has been more difficult than predicted.
答案：making
10．I’m not enthusiastic ____________ going out for a walk.
答案：about
阅读理解
A
When Tiffany was 16 years old, her mother, a cigarette smoker, died of lung cancer. “Watching her suffer and cough was terrible，” she says. “I felt alone and scared, and I felt it could have been prevented.”
However, Tiffany started smoking in her late teens. She says, “In my college, a lot of students were smoking, and I wanted to fit in.” Throughout the years, she tried to quit, but it wasn’t until her daughter was 16 years old that she thought of her mother’s death and tried hard to quit.
In the process of quitting, she set a date to quit smoking and reached out to family and friends for support. Tiffany also changed her morning habit. Instead of getting up an hour early to drink coffee and smoke, she enjoyed an extra hour of sleep. She threw all the cigarettes in her home and car. Every time she went out, she would carry a picture of her mother, especially during long road trips, to remind her of everything her mother went through and her death from lung cancer. For a while, Tiffany avoided social events where she might be encouraged to smoke. She drank a lot of water and started exercising more often. She quickly realized that without cigarettes, she was more energetic.
However, sometimes she still wanted a cigarette. Luckily, her family and friends were there for her. But her biggest motivation(动力) was her daughter. “She was so happy and so proud of me when I quit，” says Tiffany. “I love her so much, and watching her grow up and thinking how successful she could be make me excited. I can’t bear the thought of missing out on any of the important occasions in her life. I quit because I want to be around for her！”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tiffany吸烟的原因以及后来她为了女儿戒烟的经过。
1．What did Tiffany most probably think caused her mother’s death？
A．Her heavy cigarette smoking.
B．The loneliness and scare in her heart.
C．Her extremely high pressure from work.
D．No proper treatment for a serious cough.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可推断，Tiffany认为她妈妈的死是吸烟造成的。
2．In order to quit smoking, Tiffany ever tried to________．
A．take more long road trips
B．sleep early and get up late
C．draw pictures of her mother
D．keep away from smoking environment
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的For a while, Tiffany avoided social events where she might be encouraged to smoke.可知，为了戒烟，她一度避免去那些可能会使她吸烟的场合。
3．Which of the following played a key role in encouraging Tiffany to quit smoking?
A．Motivation coming from her colleagues.
B．Thinking of her daughter’s future.
C．Support from her family and friends.
D．Learning more about the dangers of smoking.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中引用的Tiffany的话可知，女儿的未来是她戒烟的动力，她不想错过女儿一生中任何重要的场合。
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why smoking is dangerous.
B．How the author stopped smoking.
C．Why and how Tiffany quit smoking.
D．How Tiffany was encouraged to quit smoking.
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了Tiffany为什么决定戒烟以及如何戒烟。
B
The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness，which is probably why there are more myths about it than any of the other illnesses.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.They are not.They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.You catch a cold by coming into contact，directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one.If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in distant and isolated Arctic regions explorers have reposed being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long periods of time.After taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits，allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty(通风的)room.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to complete tiredness.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If，then，cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds，why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research，no one has yet found the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin，but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.
【解题导语】 本文通过大量实验和实例来证明普通的感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒感染引起的。冷会让很多人在室内的时间更长，更容易传播病菌。
5．The fact that the Eskimos don’t suffer colds shows that________．
A．colds are really full of myths
B．viruses are the factors causing colds
C．colds are more serious than other illnesses
D．the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.可知，如果感冒是因为寒冷的话，那么爱斯基摩人就会永远的感冒了，可是他们没有，说明感冒不是因为寒冷。故选D。
6．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that________．
A．it were viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds
B．taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired
C．being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body
D．people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily
A 解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段的最后一句Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.可知，实验证明是病毒而不是湿冷的空气让人感冒。故选A。
7．According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because________．
A．staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on
B．viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter
C．there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature
D．people are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter
A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的One explanation offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.可知，人们得感冒不是因为喜欢待在家里，而是因为经常待在一起病毒更容易感染，故选A。
8．The passage mainly discusses________．
A．the experiments on colds
B．the myths about colds
C．the reason and the way people catch colds
D．the continued spread of common colds
C 解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。故选C。
语法填空
People don’t always go to coffee shops just 1.____________ a drink, but to spend time with friends or read a book. This “coffee shop culture” is 2.____________(high) popular in the UK.
There are around 15，000 coffee shops in the UK. Most coffee shops have a relaxed atmosphere(气氛). People go with friends or family 3.____________(talk) and relax after going shopping. Also, many people go alone. Coffee shops are great places to read in peace, or to sit and write.
In Colombia, however, the coffee shop culture does not really exist(存在), or, at least, 4.____________(be) still very new. Famous for 5.____________(it) coffee I imagined that even the smallest Colombian village would have a coffee shop. I mean, they do exist but they are not as common 6.____________ I had expected.
The ones that do exist are very 7.____________(difference) from those in the UK. They are places 8.____________ you go, have a quick drink and then leave at once. Nobody spends the afternoon 9.____________(enjoy) a peaceful moment. The idea that a person would go to a coffee shop alone is, clearly, silly. Every time I go alone with a book, other 10.____________(customer) look at me strangely. This may be the culture only in Pasto, where I live; other Colombian cities perhaps have a more developed coffee shop culture.
1．for 解析：考查介词。由本句中的 but to spend time with friends or read a book 可知，设空处所在部分意为“人们去咖啡店并不只是为了喝杯咖啡”，故填介词for。
2．highly 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词 popular，表示“非常”，故填副词highly。
3．to talk 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。设空处所在句意为“人们和朋友或家人购物后会去咖啡店聊聊天，放松一下”，故填to talk。 to talk and relax在此作目的状语。
4．is 解析：考查主谓一致。设空处与does not really exist(存在)并列作谓语，主语为 the coffee shop culture，故填is。
5．its 解析：考查代词。设空处作定语修饰coffee，表示“它的”，故填its。
6．as 解析：考查连词。设空处所在句意为“在这里确实有咖啡店，但没有我预想的那么普遍”，故填as。 as...as... 和……一样……。
7．different 解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，表示“不同的”，故填形容词different。
8．where 解析：考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词places，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
9．enjoying 解析：考查动词－ing形式作补语的用法。spend...doing sth.意为“花费……做某事”。
10．customers 解析：考查名词复数。设空处表示“顾客”，由other以及谓语动词look at可知，此处应填customers。
B卷
阅读理解
The idea behind Facebook is to make us feel connected all the time.But in my research, I’ve found that the truth is quite different.
Technology, it turns out, has made being alone seem like a problem that needs solving.When young people are alone, even for a minute or two, they feel the need to connect, to get on Facebook or some other social networks and chat.But in connecting, they often end up feeling more isolated．Why？Because by being in constant(不断的)connection, they lose the ability to feel satisfied with their own company(独处)．
Facebook can help us keep in touch with our friends, but we too often use it instead of spending face－to－face time with them.And since we feel the need to keep up with them online, we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone.
—Sherry Turkle, Professor
Facebook connects more of us to more of our friends and family in more places than we have ever been connected before.Yes, Facebook is a huge time sink—maybe the biggest ever.Many people post useless stuff.And seeing too much of your friends’ lives can make you jealous(嫉妒的), but it won’t make you lonely.
Jane, a former student of mine, who is back in New York after living abroad for ten years, told me that Facebook helps her a lot.The first time she moved back to New York from abroad, she felt disconnected from her family and friends.Now，because of lots of photos and information updates(更新), she knows what is happening with her friends all the time.
In fact, if you are lonely in real life, you will be lonely online as well.
—Sree Sreenivasan, Chief Digital Officer
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独。
1．The underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 2 means“________”．
A．free B．selfish
C．careless D．lonely
D 解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的made being alone seem like a problem...When young people are alone可知，isolated此处指“孤独的”，故选D项。
2．According to Sherry Turkle, we should________.
A．feel satisfied with our life
B．avoid using social networks
C．keep in touch with our friends
D．enjoy moments of loneliness
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的we don’t have moments of loneliness where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone可知，Sherry Turkle认为我们应该学会享受孤独。
3．What’s Jane’s attitude towards Facebook?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.
C．Thankful. D．Regretful.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jane描述她从Facebook里了解朋友们的生活以及Facebook helps her a lot可知，Jane对Facebook应该是充满感激之情。
4．The purpose of the text is to________.
A．educate B．discuss
C．persuade D．introduce
B 解析：写作意图题。从本文贯穿始终的alone和lonely以及两位人士对社交网络Facebook的不同观点可知，本文对社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独进行了探讨。
完形填空
He has been called the“missing link”．Half－man，half－beast.He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world—Mount Everest.
He is known as the Abominable(讨厌的) Snowman.The__1__of the Snowman has been around for__2__．Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mount Everest.The native people said they__3__this creature and called it the“Yeti”，and they said that they had__4__caught Yetis on two occasions__5__none has ever been produced as evidence(证据)．
Over the years，the story of the Yetis has__6__．In 1916，Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest.Shipton believed that they were not__7__the tracks of a monkey or bear and__8__that the Abominable Snowman might really__9__．
Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis.But the only things people have ever found were__10__footprints.Most believe the footprints are nothing more than__11__animal tracks，which had been made__12__as they melted(融化) and refroze in the snow.__13__，in 1964，a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was__14__and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans.But，__15__，no evidence has ever__16__been produced.
These days，only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman__17__．But if they__18__catching one，they may face a real__19__：would they put it in a__20__or give it a room in a hotel?
1．A.event B．story
C．adventure D．description
B 解析：event意为“事件”；story意为“故事，传说”；adventure意为“冒险”；description意为“描述”。根据全文可知，关于雪人这件事是一个故事或传说。
2．A.centuries B．too long
C．some time D．many years
D 解析：从下文中的“Climbers in the 1920s”可知，关于雪人的故事已有许多年(many years)，不可能是其他选项。
3．A.heard from B．cared for
C．knew of D．read about
C 解析：know of意为“听说”，其他选项不符合文章意思。
4．A.even B．hardly
C．certainly D．probably
A 解析：even在此用来加强语气，表示甚至有人抓到过雪人。
5．A.as B．though
C．when D．until
B 解析：though引导让步状语从句，表示尽管目前还没有证据证明这一问题。
6．A.developed B．changed
C．occurred D．continued
D 解析：根据文章意思，雪人的故事应当是还在继续流传。
7．A.entirely B．naturally
C．clearly D．simply
D 解析：simply在此处作“仅仅”讲，此句意为“这不只是猴子或熊的脚印”。
8．A.found B．declared
C．felt D．doubted
C 解析：根据前文中believed一词我们可知，Eric Shipton没有什么证据，只能是“感觉到”(feel)。
9．A.exist B．escape
C．disappear D．return
A 解析：exist意为“存在”；escape意为“逃脱”；disappear意为“消失”；return意为“归还，回来”。根据上下文很容易确定答案。
10．A.clearer B．more
C．possible D．rare
B 解析：从文中的意思来看，后来人们只是发现“更多的”(more)脚印。
11．A.huge B．recent
C．ordinary D．frightening
C 解析：由nothing more than来暗示脚印也不过是“普通”(ordinary)动物的行迹而已。
12．A.strange B．large
C．deep D．rough
B 解析：结合上下文的意思，雪地里的足迹经过融化再冻会变“大”(large)。
13．A.In the end B．Therefore
C．After all D．However
D 解析：however此处表示转折，因为下文写的是一名俄罗斯科学家所持的不同观点。
14．A.imagined B．real
C．special D．familiar
B 解析：后文讲到一名俄罗斯科学家认为雪人与史前人类相联系，由此可见这位科学家认为雪人是“真的”(real)。
15．A.so B．besides
C．again D．instead
C 解析：上文提到的没有证据证明这种情况这里是指这种情况又出现了，故用again。
16．A.rightly B．actually
C．normally D．particularly
B 解析：actually此处指“事实上”，这位俄罗斯科学家的观点仍然没有得到事实证明。
17．A.lightly B．jokingly
C．seriously D．properly
C 解析：联系上下文可知，大部分人都不相信雪人的故事了，只有少数人“认真”(seriously)对待雪人的传说，take sth.seriously意为“认真对待某事”。
18．A.succeed in B．insist on
C．depend on D．join in
A 解析：succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，符合句意。
19．A.decision B．situation
C．subject D．problem
D 解析：根据文意，应为面临的“难题”(problem)。
20．A.zoo B．mountain
C．museum D．laboratory
A 解析：从文章的意思看，雪人如果是“人”就应当住旅馆；如果是“动物”，就应该进“动物园”(zoo)。
短文改错
Time flies! This is a third year that I have been in this school.In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities.What impressed me best was an activity called “Learning to Farm”．In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes.Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside.After divided into three groups, we started to work.Some students cut potatoes into pieces; some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the hole, put the earth back and pushed them down hard.We continued doing that until all the work was done.Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home.
答案：
Time flies! This is third year that I have been in this school.In the past two and a half years, our school organized many activities.What impressed me was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm we learned to plant potatoes.Having been in the city for a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside.After divided into three groups, we started to work.Some students cut potatoes into pieces; some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the ， put the earth back and pushed down hard.We continued doing that until all the work was done.Although we were exhausted, we felt fulfilled on our way back home.
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
现在完成时和现在完成进行时
一、现在完成时
1．现在完成时的意义及其构成
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have/has＋过去分词。
2．通常使用现在完成时的几种情况
情况
常用时间状语
例句
表示过去发生的事对现在仍有影响
already，yet，just，by this time，so far等
I have already finished all the work.
我已经做完了所有的工作。
表示过去开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在
all my life，all the time，so far，up to now，in the past/last few years，since等
We’ve been good friends since we were very young. 我们从很小的时候就是好朋友了。
在时间、条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时
when，before，once，as long as，if等
Once you have promised，you should keep it. 你一旦许下诺言，就应该遵守。
对接高考
①While online shopping ____________(change)our life，not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是并不是所有的影响都是积极的。
has changed 解析：主语是online shopping，结合语境以及后面的have been可知，这里要用现在完成时。
②I____________(read) half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
这本英语小说我已经读了一半，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。
have read 解析：语境表示“已经读了一半”，应该用现在完成时表示过去发生并且对现在有影响的动作。
3．用于现在完成时的句型
(1)It is the first/second...time that...结构中的从句部分用现在完成时。如果主句是过去时，从句相应地改为过去完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
这是我第一次参观这座城市。
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
这是这个男孩第三次迟到了。
(2)sb./sth.＋be＋形容词最高级＋that...结构，that从句要用现在完成时。如果主句是过去时，从句相应地改为过去完成时。
You are the most creative man that I have ever met.
你是我遇到过的人中最有创造性的一位。
(3)since引导时间状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
It has been/is a long time since I last came to the city.
自从我上次到这个城市来，已经有好长一段时间了。
I started my teaching career at that school.That was more than twenty years ago，and I have been there ever since. 我是在那个学校开始我的教书生涯的。那是二十多年前的事了，从那时起我就一直在那儿。
非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
(错)I have received his letter for a month.
(对)I received his letter a month ago.
(对)I haven’t received his letter for a month.
对接高考
③The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody____________(see) them since.
那些报告2012年就丢失了，从那以后没有人看见过它们。
has seen 解析：根据句意可知是指“自从2012年这些文件不见”是开始，到现在为止没有人看见。since经常和现在完成时连用。
④It is the most instructive lecture that I ____________(attend) since I came to this school.
这是自我入校以来听过的最有教育意义的报告。
have attended 解析：此处是指自入校到现在，所以用现在完成时。
4．have gone to与have been to的区别
have gone to表示“到某地去了”，动作的执行者不在说话现场。
have been to表示“去过某地”，是回来之后再谈论去过某地的情况，常与表示次数的状语连用。
Mary has gone to the library.
玛丽去图书馆了。(现在还没回来)
Mary has been to Hong Kong twice.
玛丽去过香港两次了。(现在已经回来)
二、现在完成进行时
1．现在完成进行时的意义及其构成
现在完成进行时表示某一动作从过去开始发生，已经持续到现在，并且还将有可能持续下去。其构成： have/has＋been＋doing。
2．该时态多用延续性动词，并常和all the time，this month，all night，all the morning，recently以及since和for引导的时间状语从句连用。
3．使用现在完成进行时的两种情况
情况
例句
表示一个由过去某时起一直持续的动作，这个动作可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行
There you are！I’ve been waiting for an hour.
你到底来了！我等了你一个小时了。
表示在持续的一段时间中动作的多次反复
We’ve all long been making mistakes like this.
我们一直犯这样的错误。
对接高考
⑤—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars.We____________(wait) here for more than two hours.
——对不起，你们在等什么电影？
——新版的《星球大战》。我们在这里等了两个多小时了。
have been waiting 解析：根据时间状语判断，语境表示在过去很长时间里一直在做某事，并且还将继续，此时应用现在完成进行时。
⑥Since the time humankind started gardening，we ____________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在让我们的环境更美丽。
have been trying 解析：since引导的从句经常要和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。本句使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的持续性。
⑦—Tony ，why are your eyes red ?
—I ____________(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
——Tony，为什么你的眼睛那么红啊？
——在过去的5分钟里，我一直都在切辣椒。
have been cutting 解析：根据句意可知，本句表示在过去的一段时间里一直都在做某事，所以使用现在完成进行时表示动作的持续性和反复性。
⑧The girl has a great interest in sport and ____________(take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
这个女孩对运动很感兴趣，在过去的三年里一直一周两次去上羽毛球课。
has been taking 解析：时间状语over the last three years，表示以现在为起点的过去的三年时间。“take”这个动作从过去到现在一直有规律地(一周两次)持续，并且有可能持续下去，符合现在完成进行时的特点。
⑨In order to find the missing child，villagers ____________(do) all they can over the past five hours.
为了找到丢失的孩子，在过去的5个小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。
have been doing 解析：over the past five hours通常与完成时连用，再结合can的时态，可知在过去到现在的这段时间里村民们一直在寻找，并有可能继续找下去。因此，符合现在完成进行时的使用条件。
三、现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
动作的“完成性”
可表示反复发生或刚刚结束的动作
表示持续的、不间断的动作，侧重延续性
谓语动词的种类
可用状态动词也可用动作动词
只能用动作动词
对接高考
⑩The manager ____________(tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m.
经理从早上9点开始就一直在不停地告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。
has been telling 解析：现在完成进行时表示：过去某一动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，现在刚刚结束或还在进行。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．—Do you know about our school?
—No，this is the first time I ____________(be) here.
答案：have been
2．This is the first time that we ____________(face) such a problem.
答案：have faced
3．She ____________(work) like that all the time.
答案：has been working
4．We ____________(see) quite a lot of each other recently.
答案：have been seeing
5．My sister ____________(be) a college student for three years.
答案：has been
6．The film ____________(be) on for five minutes.
答案：has been
7．I ____________(hear) nothing from him up to now.
答案：have heard
8．Tom ____________(read) stories，but he didn’t read last night.
答案：has been reading
语法与写作
1．—Nancy doesn’t look very well.What’s wrong with her?
—She has a terrible headache because she ________________________________(学习的时间太长了)．She should stop to have a good rest.
答案：has been studying too long
2．—I wonder if you could go to the movie with me.
—Oh, just leave me alone.I ________________________(一直在写)a composition all the morning and haven’t finished yet.
答案：have been writing
3．The Chinese ________________________________(一直造纸) for two thousand years.
答案：have been making paper
4．We ________________________(讨论) the problem for quite a long time, but we ________________________(没有达成) any conclusion yet.
答案：have been discussing；haven’t reached
5．When Nancy was at college，she ________________________________(她会说三种外语)．But I am surprised to find that she ____________________(已经忘了) all except a few words of each.
答案：spoke three foreign languages；has forgotten
如何写调查报告
文体感知
调查报告的基本框架有：调查内容(主要内容、对象、方式)；调查结果；解决措施或个人观点或建议。
调查报告的命题形式一般提供图(graph)或表(table)，要求用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。
图表作文的三个层次要求：
第一层次的核心是“图文转换”，即将图表的主要内容和信息用语言叙述出来；
第二层次是在简单要求的基础上对图表进行解读，写出图表实际要表达的内涵意义；
第三层次要求在前两个层次的基础上对图表的含义进行引申与议论，有的要求给出结论，有的要求写出你自己的观点等。
常用句式
1．直接点明本图表所反映的主题
“如图所知/所示”相关表达法：
According to the table/chart/graph，we can see/conclude that...
The table/graph/data shows/indicates/points out that...
As we can see from the table，...
As can be seen from the graph，...
As is shown in the chart，...
2．分析数据间的主要差异及描述
表示增加的动词或词语：increase/rise/climb/go up/jump/rocket/double等；
表示减少的动词或词语：decrease/go down/drop/fall/decline/reduce等；
表示稳定的动词或词语：remain stable/go on steadily/stay the same等；
表示变化的形容词、副词：rapid/rapidly，slow/slowly，sudden/
suddenly，gradual/gradually，sharp/sharply，steady/steadily，slight/slightly，significant/significantly，dramatic/dramatically...
描述增减变化常用的句型：
Compared with A，B increased by...
The percentage of...is larger/smaller than that of...
The number is...times as...as that of...
The number is...times more than that of...
There was a drop/fall/rise/an increase in...
3．归纳总结或发表评论
表总结的常用短语和句型：
in a word，in short，in conclusion，in summary，to sum up，to conclude，generally speaking，It’s clear from the chart that...，We can draw the conclusion that...，We can learn/know...
写作要求
某英语报社正在举行征文比赛，题目是“谈谈你对现代中学生庆祝西方节日的看法”。假设你经过调查总结出以下两方面观点，请根据表格写一篇100词左右的文章。
赞成
反对
1.促进对西方文化的了解
2.西方节日趣味性强
1.学生盲目追求时尚
2.不了解西方节日的历史
3.对中国传统节日兴趣减弱
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
应用文
话题
调查报告
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称；第一人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①庆祝 ________________
②同时 ________________
③传统节日 ________________
④过时 ________________
⑤用适当的方式 ________________
答案：①celebrate ②at the same time ③traditional festivals ④out of date ⑤in a proper way
2．句式
(1)一句多译
①在我看来，对中学生来说庆祝西方节日是了解西方文化的好方法。
________________，celebrating Western festivals is a good way for middle school students to understand more about Western culture.
________________________________，celebrating Western festivals is a good way for middle school students to understand more about Western culture.
________________，celebrating Western festivals is a good way for middle school students to understand more about Western culture.
②事实上，他们不了解西方节日的历史。
____________，they know little about the history of Western festivals.
________________________，they know little about the history of Western festivals.
(2)合并句子
For example，some students simply do it.Western festivals are popular among young people.(用状语从句合并句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)①In my opinion；As far as I’m concerned；As for me ②In fact；As a matter of fact/Actually (2)For example，some students simply do it because Western festivals are popular among young people.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Nowadays，many middle school students like celebrating Western festivals，such as Christmas and April Fool’s Day.According to the recent survey，opinions on this phenomenon differ among people.
In supporters’ opinion，celebrating Western festivals is a good way for middle school students to understand more about Western culture.At the same time，many Western festivals are very interesting.
However，there are also some disadvantages of celebrating Western festivals.For example，some students simply do it because Western festivals are popular among young people.In fact，they know little about the history of Western festivals.In some cases，students don’t want to celebrate our own traditional festivals because they think that traditional Chinese festivals are out of date.
As far as I am concerned，celebrating Western festivals can enrich our life.However，Western festivals could bring culture shock.In a word，we should combine them in a proper way.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．—Hi, waiter.How about my dish? I ____________(wait) for 20 minutes.
—Oh, sorry madam.Just a minute, please.
答案：have been waiting
2．—Why haven’t you asked her to come here?
—She ___________(do) an important experiment when I found her and she ___________(not finish) it.
答案：was doing；hasn’t finished
3．Leonardo da Vinci(1452—1519) is said ____________(buy) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
答案：to have bought
4．— Do you know our country at all?
— No, this is the first time I ____________(be) here.
答案：have been
5．It is easy to pick ____________ my car from others in the parking lot, it has a picture of Mickey Mouse on the back.
答案：out
6．Because of the financial crisis(经济危机), over 7，000 companies in that area ____________ down till now and still some ____________ down.(close)
答案：have closed；are closing
7．Helen rushed out of the classroom，____________(leave) the door unlocked.
答案：leaving
8．Many foreign companies still report ____________(do) good business in China.
答案：doing
9．They are trying to step ____________ the project to meet the deadline.
答案：up
10．Alexander tried to have his work ____________(recognize) in the medical field.
答案：recognized
阅读理解
Khan Academy is a website providing a free education for any person.The website includes more than 4，000 short teaching videos about many different subjects.Every month, over 7 million people go to the Khan Academy website to watch its videos.
Khan Academy began with one man named Salman Khan.As a young man, Khan got a degree from Harvard Business School and began to work in business.
In 2006, Khan used the Internet to help his young cousins, who lived far away, with their mathematics schoolwork.He drew numbers and pictures on the website to teach them.After a time, he put his videos onto the website YouTube, where his cousins could watch them any time they wanted.But Khan noticed that other people were also watching his videos on YouTube.
By 2009, the number of people watching his videos on YouTube was getting very large.Khan decided to make the videos his job instead.So he officially began Khan Academy, providing videos on mathematics and other school subjects.
People did not have to pay to watch the videos.But they could give Khan money if they wanted to support his work.Some people did give Khan small amounts of money, but he was still having a hard time.Later, a woman told Khan that Bill Gates used Khan Academy for his kids.After that, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation began giving money to Khan Academy.In 2010 Google gave the website money too, wanting Khan to translate his videos into the world’s most common languages.Today, people can see Khan’s videos in many different languages.
Some people think that Khan Academy will be the way more and more people learn in the future.Teachers can use it in their classrooms.Khan believes that Khan Academy will never, and should never, replace a school.But he believes teachers and students can use it to make schools better.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Khan Academy这个学习网站的成立背景、发展过程以及现状。
1．What can one get from Khan Academy?
A．Video－making methods.
B．Free learning information.
C．Any help with the schoolwork.
D．A good number of beautiful pictures.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Khan Academy is a website providing a free education for any person.可知。
2．In its early days, Khan Academy________.
A．faced money problems
B．had trouble with language
C．was unpopular with schools
D．had a shortage of skilled teachers
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段可知，Khan Academy网站在创办初期曾遇到过资金问题。
3．What does Salman Khan think of Khan Academy?
A．It will play an active role in school teaching.
B．It can replace teachers in classrooms.
C．It can replace a teaching school.
D．It’s the future of education.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But he believes teachers and students can use it to make schools better.可知，Salman Khan觉得他的网站可以促进教学。
4．The text is mainly written to________.
A．describe an academic leader
B．introduce a learning website
C．offer some network knowledge
D．compare two different learning styles
B 解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了Khan Academy这个学习网站的成立背景、发展过程以及现状，由此可知B项概括正确。
完形填空
As I was making my way to the coffee shop, I noticed an older gentleman poorly dressed sitting on a __1__nearby.I knew from first sight that he was in need of some kind of __2__．He had a little lunch stretched out in front of him and was wholeheartedly __3__it.
Then I __4__the line and waited to be served.There was a young man in front of me.He handed the waitress a twenty dollar bill and __5__an orange juice and a __6__．The waitress looked at the young man a little __7__， not fully understanding the request.
That was when the young man __8__her to give the juice to the older gentleman eating his lunch outside on the bench.The young man also told her that he would be watching every second __9__she would be completely safe at all times.__10__there was a wonderful __11__between the waitress and the older man in need of some attention.I only wish I had a photo of the __12__on the both of their faces.
As I was __13__this event later on, I wondered why the young man didn’t just __14__this act of kindness himself.I suspect that deep out in his heart he was __15__that this act of kindness might __16__others to do something for this older man as well.
There are __17__ways of thinking when we come across someone such as this older gentleman.__18__he’s just simply lazy and doesn’t work hard enough in his life.Or he should have gone to school and made __19__use of what he has.But just maybe he needs a helping hand and thank God for this young man who inspired others to __20__as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。 “我” 在咖啡店里看到一位衣衫褴褛的老人坐在门外的长凳上， 一位年轻人花钱让服务员给他送上橘子汁并关照他。年轻人的善行让“我”思考：为别人做善事会让社会更美好。
1．A.chair B．bench
C．fence D．table
B 解析：根据第三段第一句中的“on the bench” 可知， 这位衣衫褴褛的老人坐在长凳上。故B项正确。
2．A.help B．rescue
C．attraction D．service
A 解析：根据上句中“...an older gentleman poorly dressed...” 以及最后一段中的“he needs a helping hand” 可知， 这位老人有绅士风度， 但衣衫褴褛， 故可以判断， 他需要某种帮助。A项意为“帮助” , 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“解救”； C项意为“吸引”； D项意为“服务”， 都与语境不符。
3．A.tasting B．packing
C．enjoying D．ordering
C 解析：根据该句中的“wholeheartedly” 可推知， 虽然他的午餐较少， 但他全心享受。C项意为“享受”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“品尝”； B项意为“打包”； D项意为“命令”， 都与语境不符。
4．A.jumped B．joined
C．held D．took
B 解析：根据该句中的“the line and waited to be served”可知， “我”加入了排队， 等候服务。join意为“加入”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“跳”； C项意为“支持， 拿住”； D项意为“拿”， 都与语境不符。
5．A.prepared B．supplied
C．produced D．requested
D 解析：根据下句中的“the request”可知， 这位年轻男子给了服务员20美元， 点了橘子汁， 并请求服务员帮个忙。D项意为“请求， 要求， 需要”， 符合语境。故D项正确。A项意为“准备”； B项意为“提供”； C项意为“生产”， 都与语境不符。
6．A.favour B．check
C．tip D．reply
A 解析：根据下文内容可知， 这位年轻人要求服务员帮他忙， 去给老人送橘子汁。favour意为 “帮忙”， 符合语境。故A项正确。
7．A.shocked B．annoyed
C．puzzled D．disturbed
C 解析：根据该句中的“not fully understanding the request” 可知， 服务员不能完全理解他的要求， 故此处指感到困惑。C项意为“困惑的， 迷惑不解的”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“震惊的”； B项意为“烦恼的”； D项意为“打扰的， 心烦意乱的”， 都与语境不符。
8．A.commanded B．begged
C．required D．asked
D 解析：句意：那时那位年轻人让她去给在门外长凳上吃饭的老人送橘子汁。ask sb.to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
9．A.in case B．even though
C．so that D．only if
C 解析：句意：年轻人还告诉她他将一直观察着， 因此她将一直完全安全。so that意为“所以”， 引导结果状语从句， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“以防， 万一”； B项意为“尽管， 即使”； D项意为“只有”， 都与语境不符。
10．A.Besides B．Afterwards
C．Otherwise D．Anyhow
B 解析：根据语境可知， 在那位年轻顾客提出要求之后， 服务员去给老人送橘子汁。B项意为“随后， 后来”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“此外”； C项意为“否则”； D项意为“无论如何， 总之”， 都与语境不符。
11．A.debate B．impression
C．bargain D．exchange
D 解析：根据该句中的“between the waitress and the older man”可知， 那位需要关注的老人和服务员之间进行了一次美好的交换， 即服务员给老人送上了橘子汁。D项意为“交换， 交流， 交易”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
12．A.smiles B．worries
C．tears D．hopes
A 解析：句意：我只是希望我能拍下他们两人脸上的笑容。A项意为“微笑， 笑容”， 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“担心”； C项意为“眼泪”； D项意为“希望”， 都与语境不符。
13．A.picking out B．carrying on
C．thinking about D．making up
C 解析：根据该句中的“later on”可知， 后来“我”回想起这件事。think about意为“回想”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“选择出， 挑出”； B项意为“坚持”； D项意为“编造”， 都与语境不符。
14．A.introduce B．perform
C．ignore D．pass
B 解析：根据该句中的“act” 可知， “我” 想知道为什么这位年轻人不自己去做这次的善行。perform意为“做， 履行， 执行”， 符合语境。故B项正确。
15．A.guessing B．hoping
C．judging D．concluding
B 解析：根据该句中的“others to do something for this older man as well” 可知， 他在内心深处希望这种善行可以鼓励他人也如此做。B项意为“希望”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“猜”； C项意为“判断”； D项意为“得出结论”， 都与语境不符。
16．A.inspire B．force
C．warn D．instruct
A 解析：根据该句中的“others to do something for this older man” 以及本文最后一句中的“inspired others” 可知， 他在内心深处希望这种善行可以鼓励他人也来为这位老人服务。A项意为“鼓励”， 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“强迫”； C项意为“警告”； D项意为“指导”， 都与语境不符。
17．A.valuable B．useful
C．various D．practical
C 解析：根据复数可数名词“ways”以及下文列举的各种猜想可知， 当我们遇到像这样的老人时， 会有许多种想法。C项意为“多种多样的”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“有价值的”； B项意为“有用的”； D项意为“实用的”， 都与语境不符。
18．A.Certainly B．Possibly
C．Obviously D．Absolutely
B 解析：句意：很可能他只是懒惰或是在生活中工作不够努力。与下文中的“should have gone” 以及“maybe” 相呼应可知， 此处是指推测。B项意为“可能”， 符合语境。故B项正确。
19．A.closer B．wider
C．harder D．better
D 解析：句意：或者他本应该去上学， 以更加充分地利用他所拥有的。make better use of为固定搭配， 意为“更加充分地利用”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
20．A.goodness B．confidence
C．respect D．creativity
A 解析：根据上文可知， 这位年轻人让别人做了善事， 由此可推知， 这位年轻人也鼓励别人表现出了善良。A项意为“善良”， 符合语境， 故A项正确。B项意为“信心”； C项意为“尊敬”； D项意为“创造力”， 都与语境不符。
B卷
阅读理解
A
It’s 11 p．m., and I’m still sitting here writing this article for the school magazine! I’ve had two weeks to write it, and my teacher, Julia, wants it tomorrow. She’s always complaining(抱怨) that I leave things till the last minute. Maybe she’s right.
A month ago I made a decision to be more efficient(有效率的) this year. Well, I’ve clearly failed. I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now. I’ve started going to the health club. I’ve even been going to bed earlier. But I’m not feeling any fitter, just a little unhappier. I miss my bad habits. Why is leading a better life so hard?
I’ve just read an article on a website, and I’ve discovered that it isn’t my fault(过错)! In fact, it isn’t anyone’s fault. It’s our brain’s. It’s programmed to make it difficult to break bad habits. There’s nothing we can do. Scientists have done experiments that show we use one part of our brain when we think about ourselves and another when we think about other people. However, when we think about ourselves in the future, we use the same part of the brain that we usually use to think about other people. In other words, the brain sees the “future you” as a different person than your “present you”．That’s why we don’t always find it easy to make good decisions for ourselves in the future.
But that’s not all. Scientists have also discovered that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit. That’s the amount(数量) of time the brain needs to accept new behavioral patterns(形式)．The good news is that once you make it to ten weeks, everything becomes a lot easier. The bad news is that ten weeks is a really long time, so it’s easy to give up what you want to do before then.
So even when we want to change our ways and become better people, our brains won’t let us. Or is this just an excuse? Look—I’ve finished my article on time! Anything is possible!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者分析了为何习惯不容易被改变。
1．In Julia’s eyes, what kind of person is the author?
A．A bit lazy. B．Quite smart.
C．Very healthy. D．Truly honest.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的Julia...always complaining(抱怨) that I leave things till the last minute可知，作者总是把事情留到最后时刻才做，故在老师Julia眼里，他有点懒散。
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A．Why we can’t have a better life.
B．How our brain sees ourselves in the future.
C．How our brain helps us make good decisions.
D．Why it is not easy for us to change our habits.
D 解析：段落大意题。由第二段可知，作者想改掉以前的习惯却发现很难。第三段承接上段内容，由其中的It’s our brain’s. It’s programmed to make it difficult to break bad habits.可知，作者在本段介绍他看到的一篇关于大脑在人们做决定时如何运转的文章，旨在告诉读者为何改变旧的习惯是如此之难。
3．According to scientists, in order to form the habit of taking exercise, the author needs to take about ________．
A．another two weeks
B．another four weeks
C．another six weeks
D．another ten weeks
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now.和倒数第二段中的Scientists have also discovered that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit.可知，根据科学家的研究，已锻炼四周的作者，再需要大约六周的时间就能养成锻炼的好习惯。
B
Eating processed meat can cause cancer, World Health Organization(WHO) experts said Monday.
Processed meat is meat that has been preserved by curing, salting, smoking, drying or canning.Experts from the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, studied 800 cases.IARC researchers linked processed meat, such as hot dogs and ham, to bowel cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer.
The IARC has included processed meat in its group 1 list, for which there is “sufficient evidence” of links to cancer.Tobacco, asbestos and diesel fumes are also on the group 1 list.WHO experts also called red meat, including beef, lamb and pork, probably carcinogenic(致癌的) to humans.
Dr.Kurt Straif is with the IARC.He said in a statement that the risk of cancer increases with the amount of meat a person eats.A person who consumes 50 grams of processed meat per day—about two pieces of bacon—increases his or her risk of bowel cancer by 18 percent.Health experts in some countries already advise against eating large amounts of red and processed meat.But those advisories had been centered on the increased risks of heart disease and obesity.
Meat industry groups are protesting the WHO study.They say that meat is part of a balanced diet.They also say the causes of cancer are broad, and include environmental and lifestyle factors.
The WHO report cited the Global Burden of Disease project, which estimates that diets high in processed meat lead to 34，000 cancer deaths per year worldwide.
4．According to the text, which of the following does not belong to red meat?
A．Pork. B．Chicken.
C．Beef. D．Lamb.
B 解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“WHO experts also called red meat, including beef, lamb and pork”可知，chicken不属于red meat。
5．In Dr.Kurt’s view, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Meat is absolutely harmful to people’s health.
B．Eating meat can cause bowel cancer for sure.
C．A person will not develop cancer if he or she consumes less than 50 grams of processed meat a day.
D．The more a person eats red or processed meat, the more likely he is to suffer from bowel cancer.
D 解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He said in a statement that the risk of cancer increases with the amount of meat a person eats.”患癌症的风险伴随着一个人吃肉的数量而增加。即“一个人吃红色肉类或加工过的肉类越多，患癌症的可能性就越大”。由此可知，正确答案应为D项。
6．The main idea of the last but one paragraph is________．
A．meat industries’ protest against the study of WHO on red and processed meat
B．red meat and processed meat are considered a balanced diet by some meat industries
C．there are some other factors causing cancer
D．bad environment and unhealthy lifestyle may result in cancer to some extent
A 解析： 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段的首句可知，该段主要谈及的是一些肉类加工业对于世界卫生组织的研究结果表示的抗议。由此可知，正确答案为A项。
7．The best title of the text might be________．
A．Factors Causing Cancers
B．A New WHO Study on Meat
C．WHO: Red and Processed Meat Can Cause Cancer
D．Meat Industry’s Protest Against the Study on Meat
C 解析： 标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，全文主要介绍的是世界卫生组织(WHO)的一项研究结果，即“过量食用红色肉类或者加工过的肉类，人们会得癌症”。C项全面地概括了该主题。
C
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular folk arts.Archaeological(考古学上的) finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century; it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.
Paper cuts have special importance at festivals and on holidays. To get rid of(摆脱) the old and bring good luck, people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
Paper cuts are not produced by machine, but by hand.They are done all over China, but are different in the method in different areas. There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors (剪刀) or knives. As the name suggests, scissors cuttings are made with scissors. Several pieces of paper (up to eight pieces) are placed together. The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table. Following a pattern, the artist cuts the patterns into the paper with a knife.
In the past, paper cuts were usually made only by women and girls. They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple trees, peach blossoms, mice, fighting roosters(公鸡) and rabbits eating carrots.
This used to be one of the skills that every girl was to master. Professional paper cutting artists are, on the other hand, almost always men who can make a living by working together in workshops.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国最为流行的民间艺术之一——剪纸。
8．How long has paper cutting lasted at least?
A．About 600 years.
B．About 1，500 years.
C．About 2，000 years.
D．About 2，700 years.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，考古发现显示剪纸起源于六世纪，甚至有人认为还要早上几个世纪。由此可以推知，剪纸至少有约1 500年的历史了。
9．People put up paper cuts on the windows in order to________．
A．make them look more beautiful
B．show others their excellent skills
C．bring them good luck in the new year
D．sell them on the Eve of the Spring Festival
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句To get rid of(摆脱) the old and bring good luck...可知，人们把剪纸贴在窗户上，是为了摆脱老旧的东西，带来好运。
10．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Two kinds of paper cuts.
B．Paper cuts are made by hand.
C．Paper cuts are made by machine.
D．The process of making paper cuts.
A 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段介绍了两种不同的剪纸方法——剪刀剪纸和刻刀剪纸。
11．Paper cuts are usually about________．
A．family members of the artists
B．sports and social activities
C．fights between animals
D．things in our daily life
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的...such as apple trees，peach blossoms，mice，fighting roosters(公鸡) and rabbits eating carrots可以推知，剪纸的内容大多是日常生活中常见的事物。
书面表达
随着电脑普及率的提高，老师、家长和学生对字迹的重视程度降低了。据一项调查显示，有85.8%的中学生说自己的字迹不好看，而他们又不想改善字迹，其理由也各异。
请根据上图写一篇100词左右的英文短文，说明该现象并发表自己的看法。
注意：开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of computers，teachers，students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of computers，teachers，students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
According to a recent survey, about 85.8 percent of middle school students think that their handwriting is poor.Yet for various reasons, many students don’t want to improve their handwriting.51.5 percent of the students think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting, and 32.3 percent believe that they are so busy with the study that they have no time to practice.10.9 percent think that practising handwriting is useless.There are also 5.3 percent for other reasons.
Personally, beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial, especially for middle school students.Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
课件46张PPT。Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
单句语法填空
1．—Hi, waiter.How about my dish? I ____________(wait) for 20 minutes.
—Oh, sorry madam.Just a minute, please.
答案：have been waiting
2．—Why haven’t you asked her to come here?
—She ___________(do) an important experiment when I found her and she ___________ (not finish) it.
答案：was doing；hasn’t finished
3．Leonardo da Vinci(1452—1519) is said ____________(buy) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
答案：to have bought
4．— Do you know our country at all?
— No, this is the first time I ____________(be) here.
答案：have been
5．It is easy to pick ____________ my car from others in the parking lot, it has a picture of Mickey Mouse on the back.
答案：out
6．Because of the financial crisis(经济危机), over 7，000 companies in that area ____________ down till now and still some ____________ down.(close)
答案：have closed；are closing
7．Helen rushed out of the classroom，____________(leave) the door unlocked.
答案：leaving
8．Many foreign companies still report ____________(do) good business in China.
答案：doing
9．They are trying to step ____________ the project to meet the deadline.
答案：up
10．Alexander tried to have his work ____________(recognize) in the medical field.
答案：recognized
阅读理解
Khan Academy is a website providing a free education for any person.The website includes more than 4，000 short teaching videos about many different subjects.Every month, over 7 million people go to the Khan Academy website to watch its videos.
Khan Academy began with one man named Salman Khan.As a young man, Khan got a degree from Harvard Business School and began to work in business.
In 2006, Khan used the Internet to help his young cousins, who lived far away, with their mathematics schoolwork.He drew numbers and pictures on the website to teach them.After a time, he put his videos onto the website YouTube, where his cousins could watch them any time they wanted.But Khan noticed that other people were also watching his videos on YouTube.
By 2009, the number of people watching his videos on YouTube was getting very large.Khan decided to make the videos his job instead.So he officially began Khan Academy, providing videos on mathematics and other school subjects.
People did not have to pay to watch the videos.But they could give Khan money if they wanted to support his work.Some people did give Khan small amounts of money, but he was still having a hard time.Later, a woman told Khan that Bill Gates used Khan Academy for his kids.After that, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation began giving money to Khan Academy.In 2010 Google gave the website money too, wanting Khan to translate his videos into the world’s most common languages.Today, people can see Khan’s videos in many different languages.
Some people think that Khan Academy will be the way more and more people learn in the future.Teachers can use it in their classrooms.Khan believes that Khan Academy will never, and should never, replace a school.But he believes teachers and students can use it to make schools better.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Khan Academy这个学习网站的成立背景、发展过程以及现状。
1．What can one get from Khan Academy?
A．Video－making methods.
B．Free learning information.
C．Any help with the schoolwork.
D．A good number of beautiful pictures.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Khan Academy is a website providing a free education for any person.可知。
2．In its early days, Khan Academy________.
A．faced money problems
B．had trouble with language
C．was unpopular with schools
D．had a shortage of skilled teachers
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段可知，Khan Academy网站在创办初期曾遇到过资金问题。
3．What does Salman Khan think of Khan Academy?
A．It will play an active role in school teaching.
B．It can replace teachers in classrooms.
C．It can replace a teaching school.
D．It’s the future of education.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But he believes teachers and students can use it to make schools better.可知，Salman Khan觉得他的网站可以促进教学。
4．The text is mainly written to________.
A．describe an academic leader
B．introduce a learning website
C．offer some network knowledge
D．compare two different learning styles
B 解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了Khan Academy这个学习网站的成立背景、发展过程以及现状，由此可知B项概括正确。
完形填空
As I was making my way to the coffee shop, I noticed an older gentleman poorly dressed sitting on a __1__nearby.I knew from first sight that he was in need of some kind of __2__．He had a little lunch stretched out in front of him and was wholeheartedly __3__it.
Then I __4__the line and waited to be served.There was a young man in front of me.He handed the waitress a twenty dollar bill and __5__an orange juice and a __6__．The waitress looked at the young man a little __7__， not fully understanding the request.
That was when the young man __8__her to give the juice to the older gentleman eating his lunch outside on the bench.The young man also told her that he would be watching every second __9__she would be completely safe at all times.__10__there was a wonderful __11__between the waitress and the older man in need of some attention.I only wish I had a photo of the __12__on the both of their faces.
As I was __13__this event later on, I wondered why the young man didn’t just __14__this act of kindness himself.I suspect that deep out in his heart he was __15__that this act of kindness might __16__others to do something for this older man as well.
There are __17__ways of thinking when we come across someone such as this older gentleman.__18__he’s just simply lazy and doesn’t work hard enough in his life.Or he should have gone to school and made __19__use of what he has.But just maybe he needs a helping hand and thank God for this young man who inspired others to __20__as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。 “我” 在咖啡店里看到一位衣衫褴褛的老人坐在门外的长凳上， 一位年轻人花钱让服务员给他送上橘子汁并关照他。年轻人的善行让“我”思考：为别人做善事会让社会更美好。
1．A.chair B．bench
C．fence D．table
B 解析：根据第三段第一句中的“on the bench” 可知， 这位衣衫褴褛的老人坐在长凳上。故B项正确。
2．A.help B．rescue
C．attraction D．service
A 解析：根据上句中“...an older gentleman poorly dressed...” 以及最后一段中的“he needs a helping hand” 可知， 这位老人有绅士风度， 但衣衫褴褛， 故可以判断， 他需要某种帮助。A项意为“帮助” , 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“解救”； C项意为“吸引”； D项意为“服务”， 都与语境不符。
3．A.tasting B．packing
C．enjoying D．ordering
C 解析：根据该句中的“wholeheartedly” 可推知， 虽然他的午餐较少， 但他全心享受。C项意为“享受”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“品尝”； B项意为“打包”； D项意为“命令”， 都与语境不符。
4．A.jumped B．joined
C．held D．took
B 解析：根据该句中的“the line and waited to be served”可知， “我”加入了排队， 等候服务。join意为“加入”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“跳”； C项意为“支持， 拿住”； D项意为“拿”， 都与语境不符。
5．A.prepared B．supplied
C．produced D．requested
D 解析：根据下句中的“the request”可知， 这位年轻男子给了服务员20美元， 点了橘子汁， 并请求服务员帮个忙。D项意为“请求， 要求， 需要”， 符合语境。故D项正确。A项意为“准备”； B项意为“提供”； C项意为“生产”， 都与语境不符。
6．A.favour B．check
C．tip D．reply
A 解析：根据下文内容可知， 这位年轻人要求服务员帮他忙， 去给老人送橘子汁。favour意为 “帮忙”， 符合语境。故A项正确。
7．A.shocked B．annoyed
C．puzzled D．disturbed
C 解析：根据该句中的“not fully understanding the request” 可知， 服务员不能完全理解他的要求， 故此处指感到困惑。C项意为“困惑的， 迷惑不解的”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“震惊的”； B项意为“烦恼的”； D项意为“打扰的， 心烦意乱的”， 都与语境不符。
8．A.commanded B．begged
C．required D．asked
D 解析：句意：那时那位年轻人让她去给在门外长凳上吃饭的老人送橘子汁。ask sb.to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
9．A.in case B．even though
C．so that D．only if
C 解析：句意：年轻人还告诉她他将一直观察着， 因此她将一直完全安全。so that意为“所以”， 引导结果状语从句， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“以防， 万一”； B项意为“尽管， 即使”； D项意为“只有”， 都与语境不符。
10．A.Besides B．Afterwards
C．Otherwise D．Anyhow
B 解析：根据语境可知， 在那位年轻顾客提出要求之后， 服务员去给老人送橘子汁。B项意为“随后， 后来”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“此外”； C项意为“否则”； D项意为“无论如何， 总之”， 都与语境不符。
11．A.debate B．impression
C．bargain D．exchange
D 解析：根据该句中的“between the waitress and the older man”可知， 那位需要关注的老人和服务员之间进行了一次美好的交换， 即服务员给老人送上了橘子汁。D项意为“交换， 交流， 交易”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
12．A.smiles B．worries
C．tears D．hopes
A 解析：句意：我只是希望我能拍下他们两人脸上的笑容。A项意为“微笑， 笑容”， 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“担心”； C项意为“眼泪”； D项意为“希望”， 都与语境不符。
13．A.picking out B．carrying on
C．thinking about D．making up
C 解析：根据该句中的“later on”可知， 后来“我”回想起这件事。think about意为“回想”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“选择出， 挑出”； B项意为“坚持”； D项意为“编造”， 都与语境不符。
14．A.introduce B．perform
C．ignore D．pass
B 解析：根据该句中的“act” 可知， “我” 想知道为什么这位年轻人不自己去做这次的善行。perform意为“做， 履行， 执行”， 符合语境。故B项正确。
15．A.guessing B．hoping
C．judging D．concluding
B 解析：根据该句中的“others to do something for this older man as well” 可知， 他在内心深处希望这种善行可以鼓励他人也如此做。B项意为“希望”， 符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“猜”； C项意为“判断”； D项意为“得出结论”， 都与语境不符。
16．A.inspire B．force
C．warn D．instruct
A 解析：根据该句中的“others to do something for this older man” 以及本文最后一句中的“inspired others” 可知， 他在内心深处希望这种善行可以鼓励他人也来为这位老人服务。A项意为“鼓励”， 符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“强迫”； C项意为“警告”； D项意为“指导”， 都与语境不符。
17．A.valuable B．useful
C．various D．practical
C 解析：根据复数可数名词“ways”以及下文列举的各种猜想可知， 当我们遇到像这样的老人时， 会有许多种想法。C项意为“多种多样的”， 符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“有价值的”； B项意为“有用的”； D项意为“实用的”， 都与语境不符。
18．A.Certainly B．Possibly
C．Obviously D．Absolutely
B 解析：句意：很可能他只是懒惰或是在生活中工作不够努力。与下文中的“should have gone” 以及“maybe” 相呼应可知， 此处是指推测。B项意为“可能”， 符合语境。故B项正确。
19．A.closer B．wider
C．harder D．better
D 解析：句意：或者他本应该去上学， 以更加充分地利用他所拥有的。make better use of为固定搭配， 意为“更加充分地利用”， 符合语境。故D项正确。
20．A.goodness B．confidence
C．respect D．creativity
A 解析：根据上文可知， 这位年轻人让别人做了善事， 由此可推知， 这位年轻人也鼓励别人表现出了善良。A项意为“善良”， 符合语境， 故A项正确。B项意为“信心”； C项意为“尊敬”； D项意为“创造力”， 都与语境不符。
B卷
阅读理解
A
It’s 11 p．m., and I’m still sitting here writing this article for the school magazine! I’ve had two weeks to write it, and my teacher, Julia, wants it tomorrow. She’s always complaining(抱怨) that I leave things till the last minute. Maybe she’s right.
A month ago I made a decision to be more efficient(有效率的) this year. Well, I’ve clearly failed. I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now. I’ve started going to the health club. I’ve even been going to bed earlier. But I’m not feeling any fitter, just a little unhappier. I miss my bad habits. Why is leading a better life so hard?
I’ve just read an article on a website, and I’ve discovered that it isn’t my fault(过错)! In fact, it isn’t anyone’s fault. It’s our brain’s. It’s programmed to make it difficult to break bad habits. There’s nothing we can do. Scientists have done experiments that show we use one part of our brain when we think about ourselves and another when we think about other people. However, when we think about ourselves in the future, we use the same part of the brain that we usually use to think about other people. In other words, the brain sees the “future you” as a different person than your “present you”．That’s why we don’t always find it easy to make good decisions for ourselves in the future.
But that’s not all. Scientists have also discovered that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit. That’s the amount(数量) of time the brain needs to accept new behavioral patterns(形式)．The good news is that once you make it to ten weeks, everything becomes a lot easier. The bad news is that ten weeks is a really long time, so it’s easy to give up what you want to do before then.
So even when we want to change our ways and become better people, our brains won’t let us. Or is this just an excuse? Look—I’ve finished my article on time! Anything is possible!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者分析了为何习惯不容易被改变。
1．In Julia’s eyes, what kind of person is the author?
A．A bit lazy. B．Quite smart.
C．Very healthy. D．Truly honest.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的Julia...always complaining(抱怨) that I leave things till the last minute可知，作者总是把事情留到最后时刻才做，故在老师Julia眼里，他有点懒散。
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A．Why we can’t have a better life.
B．How our brain sees ourselves in the future.
C．How our brain helps us make good decisions.
D．Why it is not easy for us to change our habits.
D 解析：段落大意题。由第二段可知，作者想改掉以前的习惯却发现很难。第三段承接上段内容，由其中的It’s our brain’s. It’s programmed to make it difficult to break bad habits.可知，作者在本段介绍他看到的一篇关于大脑在人们做决定时如何运转的文章，旨在告诉读者为何改变旧的习惯是如此之难。
3．According to scientists, in order to form the habit of taking exercise, the author needs to take about ________．
A．another two weeks
B．another four weeks
C．another six weeks
D．another ten weeks
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now.和倒数第二段中的Scientists have also discovered that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit.可知，根据科学家的研究，已锻炼四周的作者，再需要大约六周的时间就能养成锻炼的好习惯。
B
Eating processed meat can cause cancer, World Health Organization(WHO) experts said Monday.
Processed meat is meat that has been preserved by curing, salting, smoking, drying or canning.Experts from the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, studied 800 cases.IARC researchers linked processed meat, such as hot dogs and ham, to bowel cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer.
The IARC has included processed meat in its group 1 list, for which there is “sufficient evidence” of links to cancer.Tobacco, asbestos and diesel fumes are also on the group 1 list.WHO experts also called red meat, including beef, lamb and pork, probably carcinogenic(致癌的) to humans.
Dr.Kurt Straif is with the IARC.He said in a statement that the risk of cancer increases with the amount of meat a person eats.A person who consumes 50 grams of processed meat per day—about two pieces of bacon—increases his or her risk of bowel cancer by 18 percent.Health experts in some countries already advise against eating large amounts of red and processed meat.But those advisories had been centered on the increased risks of heart disease and obesity.
Meat industry groups are protesting the WHO study.They say that meat is part of a balanced diet.They also say the causes of cancer are broad, and include environmental and lifestyle factors.
The WHO report cited the Global Burden of Disease project, which estimates that diets high in processed meat lead to 34，000 cancer deaths per year worldwide.
4．According to the text, which of the following does not belong to red meat?
A．Pork. B．Chicken.
C．Beef. D．Lamb.
B 解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“WHO experts also called red meat, including beef, lamb and pork”可知，chicken不属于red meat。
5．In Dr.Kurt’s view, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Meat is absolutely harmful to people’s health.
B．Eating meat can cause bowel cancer for sure.
C．A person will not develop cancer if he or she consumes less than 50 grams of processed meat a day.
D．The more a person eats red or processed meat, the more likely he is to suffer from bowel cancer.
D 解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He said in a statement that the risk of cancer increases with the amount of meat a person eats.”患癌症的风险伴随着一个人吃肉的数量而增加。即“一个人吃红色肉类或加工过的肉类越多，患癌症的可能性就越大”。由此可知，正确答案应为D项。
6．The main idea of the last but one paragraph is________．
A．meat industries’ protest against the study of WHO on red and processed meat
B．red meat and processed meat are considered a balanced diet by some meat industries
C．there are some other factors causing cancer
D．bad environment and unhealthy lifestyle may result in cancer to some extent
A 解析： 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段的首句可知，该段主要谈及的是一些肉类加工业对于世界卫生组织的研究结果表示的抗议。由此可知，正确答案为A项。
7．The best title of the text might be________．
A．Factors Causing Cancers
B．A New WHO Study on Meat
C．WHO: Red and Processed Meat Can Cause Cancer
D．Meat Industry’s Protest Against the Study on Meat
C 解析： 标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，全文主要介绍的是世界卫生组织(WHO)的一项研究结果，即“过量食用红色肉类或者加工过的肉类，人们会得癌症”。C项全面地概括了该主题。
C
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular folk arts.Archaeological(考古学上的) finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century; it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.
Paper cuts have special importance at festivals and on holidays. To get rid of(摆脱) the old and bring good luck, people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
Paper cuts are not produced by machine, but by hand.They are done all over China, but are different in the method in different areas. There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors (剪刀) or knives. As the name suggests, scissors cuttings are made with scissors. Several pieces of paper (up to eight pieces) are placed together. The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table. Following a pattern, the artist cuts the patterns into the paper with a knife.
In the past, paper cuts were usually made only by women and girls. They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple trees, peach blossoms, mice, fighting roosters(公鸡) and rabbits eating carrots.
This used to be one of the skills that every girl was to master. Professional paper cutting artists are, on the other hand, almost always men who can make a living by working together in workshops.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国最为流行的民间艺术之一——剪纸。
8．How long has paper cutting lasted at least?
A．About 600 years.
B．About 1，500 years.
C．About 2，000 years.
D．About 2，700 years.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，考古发现显示剪纸起源于六世纪，甚至有人认为还要早上几个世纪。由此可以推知，剪纸至少有约1 500年的历史了。
9．People put up paper cuts on the windows in order to________．
A．make them look more beautiful
B．show others their excellent skills
C．bring them good luck in the new year
D．sell them on the Eve of the Spring Festival
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句To get rid of(摆脱) the old and bring good luck...可知，人们把剪纸贴在窗户上，是为了摆脱老旧的东西，带来好运。
10．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Two kinds of paper cuts.
B．Paper cuts are made by hand.
C．Paper cuts are made by machine.
D．The process of making paper cuts.
A 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段介绍了两种不同的剪纸方法——剪刀剪纸和刻刀剪纸。
11．Paper cuts are usually about________．
A．family members of the artists
B．sports and social activities
C．fights between animals
D．things in our daily life
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的...such as apple trees，peach blossoms，mice，fighting roosters(公鸡) and rabbits eating carrots可以推知，剪纸的内容大多是日常生活中常见的事物。
书面表达
随着电脑普及率的提高，老师、家长和学生对字迹的重视程度降低了。据一项调查显示，有85.8%的中学生说自己的字迹不好看，而他们又不想改善字迹，其理由也各异。
请根据上图写一篇100词左右的英文短文，说明该现象并发表自己的看法。
注意：开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of computers，teachers，students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
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One possible version：
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of computers，teachers，students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
According to a recent survey, about 85.8 percent of middle school students think that their handwriting is poor.Yet for various reasons, many students don’t want to improve their handwriting.51.5 percent of the students think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting, and 32.3 percent believe that they are so busy with the study that they have no time to practice.10.9 percent think that practising handwriting is useless.There are also 5.3 percent for other reasons.
Personally, beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial, especially for middle school students.Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
重点单词
1．puzzled adj. 困惑的， 茫然的
(1)be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
(2)puzzle n. 难题；谜；令人费解的人或事
vt. 迷惑；使困惑
(3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
2．incident n. 发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)
3．disappear vi. 消失； 失踪
disappearance n. 失踪；丢失
4．witness n. 目击者， 证人
vt. 目击， 见证
5．assume vt. 假定； 认为
6．occur vi. 发生
It occurs to sb.that... (某人)突然想到……
7．possibility n. 可能性
possible adj. 可能的
8．evidence n. 证据
evident adj. 明显的； 清楚的
9．dismiss vt. 不予考虑； 解雇； 解散
10．appropriate adj. 适当的
11．discount n. 折扣
at a discount 以折扣价
12．organize vt. 组织， 筹备；安排， 处理
organization n. 组织
13．award n. 奖， 奖品， 奖金
vt. 授予， 奖励
14．examine vt. 检查
examination n. 检查；检测
15．strength n. 力量， 力气
strengthen vt. 加强
strong adj. 坚强的；强壮的
【构词】后缀－(e)n 动词， 使， 变得 常见词：widen加宽
lengthen加长
16．amazing__ adj. 令人惊奇(惊叹)的
amazed adj. 惊讶的
amazement n. 惊讶
【构词】后缀－ment名词；……的行为/组织 常见词：movement运动 development发展 government政府
17．convince vt. 使确信，使相信
convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的
convinced adj. 确信的； 深信的
18．survive vi.& vt. 生存； 挺过(难关)
(1)survive from 从……幸存
survive on 依靠……生存下来
(2)survival n. 生存； 幸存
重点短语
1．due to 由于， 因为
2．take charge of 负责， 掌管
3．show up 出现， 现身
4．look into 调查
5．make up 编造， 杜撰；构成
6．carry out 实施， 执行
7．in return 作为回报
8．be similar to 和……相似
9．dozens of 许多， 很多
10．run after 追赶
11．belong to 属于
12．make one’s way to... 前往， 到……去
重点句型
1．see sb./sth.doing... 看见某人/某物做……
Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p．m.
【仿写】 当我走进办公室时， 我看见他正在睡觉。
I saw him sleeping when I walked into the office.
2．完全倒装句
Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
【仿写】 正在说话的是我的弟弟， 刚从美国回来。
Speaking now is my brother, who just returned from America.
3．状语从句的省略
When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens, ...
【仿写】 当阅读像这样的新闻故事时， 你要非常仔细地阅读开头。
When reading a news story like this one, you should read the beginning very carefully.
4．sb./sth.is said to do... 据说……
The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.
【仿写】 据说除了iPhone之外， 乔布斯还发明过很多产品。
Jobs is said to have invented many products besides iPhone.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文， 并背诵成文。
1．许多年来， 人们始终对野人之谜感到困惑。(mystery; puzzled)
2．据说野人比一般的人要高， 但是却能以惊人的速度和力量行走。(It’s said that...; strength)
3．虽然有人报告说见过属于野人的脚印， 但是没有发现更有力的证据证明它存在。(belong to)
4．随着科学和技术的发展， 这个谜在未来一定会得到解释的。
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One possible version:
People have been puzzled about the mystery of Yetis.It’s said that the Yeti is taller than average human but walks with amazing speed and strength.Though some people reported seeing the footprints belonging to a Yeti, no stronger evidence for its existence has been found.With the development of science and technology, the mystery is sure to be worked out in the future.
课件16张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
