朋友是什么？朋友就是相互之间体贴、信任、尊重、照顾、支持、帮助、理解、宽容、彼此之间都愿为对方付出的人，这样的朋友毫无疑问的就是真正的朋友。
Everyone wants to own the friendship, because without a friend, the world is like a desert.The friendship is thought very important.Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back.That is one of the causes why some friendships don’t last very long.To have a friend, you must learn to be one.You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules.
Honesty(诚实) is where a good friendship starts.Friends must be able to trust(信任) one another.If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out, and you may lose your friend’s trust.Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.
Generosity means sharing(分享) and sharing makes a friendship grow.You don’t have to give your
lunch money or your clothes, of course.Instead you share your ideas and feelings.These can be valuable(宝贵的) to a friend.They tell your friend what is important to you.By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.Something may go wrong at school.Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend you must listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike.But all true friendships have three things in common.In fact，good friendship will just not easily last.That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up
1．betray vt. 出卖，背叛
2．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮，扮作
3．swear vt.& vi. 发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话
4．focus n. 焦点；重点
vi.&vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦
5．awkward adj. 令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的
6．blame vt. 责备，指责
n. (坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责
7．admit vt.& vi. 承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．进入；入场(费)；承认
8．forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕→forgivable adj. 可原谅的
9．manner n. 方式；态度，举止→manners n. 行为；礼貌
10．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的→guilt n．罪行；内疚
11．remark n．& vi. 评论，谈论→remarkable adj. 显著的；异常的；值得注意的
12．argue vi. 争吵，争论→argument n. 争吵，辩论；论点，论据
13．apologize vi. 道歉→apology n．道歉
14．sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的→sense n．感官；感觉 v．感觉；意识到；
15．disagreement n. 分歧，争论，意见不一 →disagree vi. 不一致，不符合→agree vt.&vi. 一致；赞同→agreement n. 一致，赞成，同意
1．get_on/along_with 与……友好相处
2．keep_one’s_word 信守诺言
3．belong_to 属于
4．spy_on 暗中监视，窥探
5．in_trouble 在麻烦中
6．keep_pace_with (与……)步调一致，(与……)同步
7．as_a_result_of 由于，因为
8．accuse_sb.of_sth. 因……控告某人
9．can’t_help_doing_sth. 禁不住做某事
10．before_long 不久，很快
1．must have done sth.表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测
I must_have_sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.
考试之后，我的口气听上去想必是很自鸣得意，因为我嚷嚷着说那次考试有多么容易，还说我肯定能够取得很好的成绩。
2．so...that...如此……以至于……
I was so_angry_that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word.
我怒不可遏，径直找到了汉娜，对她宣布，我们俩以后再也不是朋友了，因为她不能信守承诺。
3．so引导的倒装句
Football is very important to me，but so_is_our_friendship．
足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊也同样重要。
Read the text Secrets and lies quickly and number these events in the correct order.
________ Sarah admitted to Hannah that she had done badly in the test.
________ Sarah felt ashamed.
________ Sarah had a test.She said the test was easy and that she was sure of getting a good grade.
________ Sarah found a piece of paper on her desk that said，“Stupid Sarah got a D！”
________ Sarah’s teacher told her she had scored the lowest mark in the class.
________ Sarah went straight to Hannah and told her they weren’t going to be friends any more.
答案：4; 3；1；5；2；6
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What is the secret about in the first letter?
A．A quiz result. B．Love story.
C．Family affairs. D．Wrong behavior.
2．Sarah felt betrayed by her friend，Hannah，because she thought ________．
A．Hannah had been her best friend since primary school
B．Hannah was the only one who knew her mark
C．it was the secret between Hannah and her
D．Hannah let out her secret
3．What is Hannah’s explanation?
A．The math teacher let out the secret.
B．She let out it by accident.
C．Someone else must have been spying on them in the washroom.
D．Other students saw the result.
4．What did Andrew’s brother say about the matter?
A．It was Andrew who was to blame.
B．Andrew should find a new friend.
C．It was Matthew who was to blame.
D．Andrew should say sorry first.
答案：1－4.ADCB
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．However, the next day, I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said，‘Stupid Sarah got a D！’
本句是一个并列复合句。that my classmates were staring at me是一个宾语从句； as I came into math class和when I went to sit down是两个________状语从句； to find a piece of paper on my desk是________状语；that said，‘Stupid Sarah got a D！’是定语从句，修饰paper。
[尝试翻译] 然而，第二天，一走进数学课堂________________________________。当我坐下时，我________________自己的桌子上放着一个纸条，上面写着“笨蛋萨拉只得了个D！”
答案：时间；原因；我就注意到同学们都在盯着我；惊讶地发现
2．He got annoyed, saying it wasn’t his fault if he couldn’t play as well as me, and that I shouldn’t talk to him in this manner.
本句是一个主从复合句。句子的主句是He got annoyed; saying是现在分词作________；and连接并列的宾语从句， it wasn’t his fault 和that I shouldn’t talk to him in this manner; if he couldn’t play as well as me是if引导的________状语从句。
[尝试翻译] 他被惹火了，说______________________那可不是他的错，还说我不应该______________________。
答案：状语；条件；如果他的球技不如我；以这种方式和他说话
Secrets and lies
Dear Annie
I feel betrayed① by my friend Hannah.We have been best friends since primary② school and spend almost every day with each other.Sometimes, other children say we are no fun③ because we are both very academic④ and like to study⑤， but we like it that way.We are both very hard-working and always get good grades at school.
On Monday, we had a surprise⑥ math quiz⑦.I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results.I must have sounded⑧ very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade⑨.The next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class！I felt so ashamed⑩； I must be really stupid? to fail? a simple math quiz!
①betray [bI'treI] vt.出卖，背叛
②primary['praIm(?)rI]adj.初步的，初级的
③fun n．[U]乐趣(其前不能加不定冠词)
funny adj.有趣的；滑稽的
④academic[?k?'demIk]adj.学术的，理论的
⑤because引导原因状语从句。
⑥surprise n．惊讶；惊奇
⑦quiz[kwIz]n.小测验
⑧must have done一定做了……(对过去事情的肯定推测)。
⑨现在分词短语作伴随状语，how引导宾语从句。
⑩ashamed [?'?eImd] adj.感到羞耻的(常作表语)
?stupid adj.笨的，愚蠢的
?fail vt.不及格；未能通过
秘密和谎言
亲爱的安妮：
我觉得我的朋友汉娜背叛了我。从小学起我俩就是最好的朋友，几乎每天都在一起。因为我们成绩都很好，喜爱学习，其他同学有时候会说我俩没趣，但我们喜欢那样。我们都很用功，在学校成绩一直很优秀。
星期一那天，我们搞了一次突袭性的数学小测验。我以为它非常简单，一点也不担心考试成绩。考试之后，我的口气听上去想必是很自鸣得意，因为我嚷嚷着说那次考试有多么容易，还说我肯定能够取得很好的成绩。第二天下课后，我的数学老师却告诉我，我得了全班最低分！我感到非常羞愧，这么简单的小测验没能及格，我真是笨极了！
Afterwards?，I pretended? to be cheerful?， but Hannah sensed? something was wrong.We went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom? before lunch and I admitted? how badly I had done.I begged? her not to tell anyone else, and she said she would keep my secret?.
However, the next dayB21, I noticed that my classmates were staring atB22 me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to findB23 a piece of paper on my desk that saidB24，‘Stupid Sarah got a D！’ I was so upset that I felt like cryingB25.I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.Everyone must have been laughingB26 behind my back!
?afterwards adv.然后，后来
?pretend[prI'tend]vi.&vt.假装；装扮，扮作
pretend to do sth.假装做某事
?cheerful['t?I?fl]adj.愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的
?sense vt.感觉到，意识到
?washroom['w??ru?m]n.洗手间，厕所
?admit[?d'mIt]vt.&vi.承认；允许进入，接纳
?beg[beɡ]vt.&vi.请求，恳求；乞讨
?keep one’s secret保守某人的秘密
the next day(以过去或将来某一时间为起点的)第二天
stare at凝视；盯住
be shocked to do sth.做某事很震惊
某物上“写着”多用动词say或read，勿受汉语影响而使用write。
feel like doing sth.想做某事
must have been doing肯定一直在做……
后来，我假装开心，但汉娜还是觉察到了哪儿有点不对劲。午饭前，我们一起去洗手间洗手时，我承认了自己的成绩很糟糕。我求她不要告诉别人，她说她会替我保密。
然而，第二天，一走进数学课堂我就注意到同学们都在盯着我。当我坐下时，我惊讶地发现自己的桌子上放着一个纸条，上面写着“笨蛋萨拉只得了个D！”我难过得想哭。我想汉娜一定是答应过我不会告诉任何人之后将我的成绩告诉了同学们。大家一定都在背后嘲笑我！
I was so angry that I went straightB27 to Hannah and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her wordB28.She was really upset and sworeB29 that she hadn’t told anyone.However, the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the students that the grades belong to.She said that someone must have been spying onB30 us in the washroom, but I didn’t believe her explanation.I don’t think I can ever trulyB31 forgiveB32 her.Now I’ve lost my best friend.What shall I do?
Yours sincerelyB33
Sarah
straight[streIt]adv.直接地；径直 adj.直的；坦率的
keep one’s word遵守诺言
keep one’s promise遵守诺言
swear[swe?(r)]vt.&vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话(swore，sworn)
spy on暗中监视，窥探
spy[spaI]vi.从事间谍活动；搜集情报 n．间谍
truly['tru?lI]adv.真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地
forgive[f?'ɡIv]vt.原谅，宽恕(forgave, forgiven)
sincerely[sIn'sI?lI]adv.真诚地
我怒不可遏，径直找到了汉娜，对她宣布，我们俩以后再也不是朋友了，因为她不能信守承诺。她很不安，发誓说她没告诉任何人。但是，能看到成绩的人只有老师和学生自己。她说一定是有人在洗手间偷听我们的谈话，但我不相信她的解释。我想我永远也不会真正原谅她。现在，我失去了我最好的朋友。我该怎么办呢？
你真诚的
萨拉
A friendshipB34 in troubleB35
Dear Annie
My name is Andrew.I am 17 years old and I have a problem.My best friend Matthew has stopped talking to me.We have been best friends since childhoodB36 and play together in the school football team.Last week, we had an important match againstB37 another school.The other team was superbB38 and we really had to focusB39.I was determined to winB40, but Matthew was playing badly.He could not keep pace withB41 the game, and as a result ofB42 his careless playing we lost.
friendship n．友谊
in trouble有麻烦；在困境中
since后接时间名词且在句中作时间状语时，主句用现在完成时态。
childhood['t?aIldh?d]n.童年，幼年
against prep.对抗；反对；靠着；映衬
superb[su?'p??b]adj.极佳的；卓越的
focus['f??k?s]vi.&vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n．焦点；重点 focus on集中注意力于……
be determined to do sth.下决心做某事
keep pace with(与……)步调一致，(与……)同步
pace[peIs]n.速度；步伐；节奏
as a result of由于……的结果 as a result结果
陷入困境的友谊
亲爱的安妮：
我叫安德鲁。我17岁，碰到了一个难题。我最好的朋友马修已经停止和我说话了。我们从小就是最好的朋友，一起在学校足球队踢球。上个星期，我们与另一所学校的球队有一场非常重要的比赛。我们的对手很厉害，我们必须得集中精力。我下决心一定要赢得比赛，但马修踢得很糟糕。他跟不上比赛的节奏，由于他的粗心，我们输了。
Afterwards，I got really angry with him, and I told him I thought he was not trying hard enough.He got annoyed, saying it wasn’t his faultB43 if he couldn’t play as well asB44 me, and that I shouldn’t talk to him in this mannerB45.Then we both started shouting at each other and it turned intoB46 a horribleB47 argument.He accusedB48 me of some really bad things just to hurt me.I feel really guiltyB49 because I made some cruelB50 remarksB51 too, but I dislikeB52 seeing our team lose.Football is very important to me, but so is our friendshipB53.
Since we arguedB54, he hasn’t spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class.It’s really awkwardB55.He is usually cheerful and outgoingB56, but he has been really quiet and looks sad.The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologizedB57 to me.
现在分词短语作伴随状语。
as well as和……一样好
manner['m?n?(r)]n.方式；态度，举止 manners n．礼貌
turn into变成
horrible['h?r?bl]adj.极坏的，糟糕的
accuse[?'kju?z]vt.控告，指责
accuse sb.of sth.因某事而控告某人
guilty['ɡIltI]adj.内疚的；有罪的
cruel[kru??l]adj.残酷的，残忍的；伤人的
be cruel to对……残忍
remark[rI'mɑ?k]n.&vi.评论，谈论
make a remark on对……发表评论
dislike[dIs'laIk]vt.不喜欢，厌恶
本句是“so＋be＋主语”的倒装结构，表示前面提到的肯定情况也适用于后者。
argue['ɑ?ɡju?]vi.争吵，争论；认为
awkward['??kw?d]adj.令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的
outgoing adj.外向的；友好的
apologize[?'p?l?d?aIz]vi.道歉
后来，我非常生他的气，并告诉他说我觉得他没尽全力。他被惹火了，说如果他的球技不如我那可不是他的错，还说我不应该以这种方式和他说话。然后我们俩开始冲着对方大喊大叫，结果我们的叫喊变成了可怕的争执。他指责我做了一些非常不好的事情，只是为了伤害我。我感到很内疚，因为我也说了一些残酷无情的话，但我不愿意看到我们队输球。足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊也同样重要。
尽管我们在班上是邻座，但自从我们吵架之后，他便没有和我说过话。这实在令人尴尬。他通常开朗外向，但最近一直沉默寡言，看起来很难受。他说的那些话也伤害了我，但他并没有向我道歉。
Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wonderingB58 if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead ofB59 me.I told my brother about the quarrelB60, but he said Matthew is just too sensitiveB61 and perhaps a little bitterB62 because I am really athleticB63 and good atB64 football, and that I had better find another friend.What should I do?
Yours truly
Andrew
cannot help doing sth.禁不住做某事
instead of＝in place of代替
quarrel['kw?r?l]n.&vi.争吵，争执
quarrel with sb.about/over sth.因某事同某人吵架
sensitive['sens?tIv]adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的
be sensitive to对……敏感
bitter adj.怀有怨恨的；苦的；痛苦的
athletic[?θ'letIk]adj.擅长运动的；健壮的
be good at擅长
昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我不禁想知道他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。我把吵架的事告诉了我哥哥，但他说马修只是太敏感，可能还有一点嫉妒，因为我身强体壮，足球踢得很好。他说我最好另找一个朋友。我该怎么办呢？
你真诚的
安德鲁
A卷
阅读理解
A
After my son T．J. was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age 2, we went through all the emotions. Our motto in those early years was “Throw everything at him and let’s see what happens.” We gave him every possible learning opportunity. If one thing wasn’t working, we tried something else. We wanted to see what worked best for T．J. and what would make him the most successful.
When T．J. started school, we aimed for the stars. For my husband and me, that meant trying to get him to college. I grew up with that mind－set. But I’m learning now that it’s not the best path for everyone. At age 17, T．J. got stressed out easily in a variety of situations and, with some assistance, could calm himself down. This past winter, as we watched friends with children of T．J.’s age plan college tours, we quietly let go of that definition of success.
We started considering what is the best thing for him. Along the way, we have talked with T．J. about what he wants his future to look like. Now we are trying to find the best way to honor his ideas while overcoming some challenges to help him keep growing. His special educator is on_board_with this plan and is suggesting options for his future. We visited a great residential(提供住宿的) program over spring break, which allows kids to live together, with 24－hour care, and provides opportunities to take a college－level course. We worked with T．J. to structure this program to meet his needs.
We are actively planning his actual future, with him involved every step of the way. It doesn’t look like the college tours a typical high school junior takes, but we are happy with what it is: opportunity and challenge for him and us! We will find our way, together.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者儿子患有自闭症，在面临是否要参加大学考试的时候，她决定让孩子选择一条适合自己的道路。
1．What can we learn about T．J.’s life in the early years?
A．His teachers didn’t give him enough attention.
B．His parents tried every means to help him grow.
C．He became strong to deal with all the situations.
D．He would be too stressed to calm himself down.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“‘Throw everything at him and let’s see what happens.’．.. we tried something else.”可知，在T.J.的早年生活中，作者及丈夫千方百计地帮助儿子成长。
2．What was the author’s definition of success for her son at first?
A．Going to college. B．Being a happy person.
C．Developing an interest. D．Becoming independent.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“When T．J. started school, we aimed for the stars...meant trying to get him to college.”可知，作者原本对儿子取得成功的定义是上大学。
3．The underlined phrase “on board with” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A．in favor of B．proud of
C．worried about D．doubtful about
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Now we are trying to find the best way to honor his ideas”及“...is suggesting options for his future.”可知，作者的计划得到了儿子的老师的赞同。
4．What can we infer about T．J.’s future study?
A．He will learn to face challenges alone.
B．He will live happily on the new campus.
C．He will make progress with his parents’ help.
D．He will keep a balance between life and study.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...with him involved every step of the way...We will find our way, together.”可推断，T.J.会在父母的帮助下取得进步。
B
Ragtime is a fast and complex kind of music that was popular around the beginning of the twentieth century. Scott Joplin is now considered to be the most important American ragtime composer(作曲家) and piano player. During his lifetime, Joplin only enjoyed a brief period of professional success in the early 1900s. However, his work had an important, lasting effect on audiences, as well as other composers.
When ragtime first appeared in the late nineteenth century, it was considered a low form of cheap entertainment, not a serious musical movement. Then in 1899, Joplin wrote a ragtime song called Maple Leaf Rag. The song showed Joplin’s creative blend(融合) of African-American rhythm and more established European-American musical styles. It was a huge success and helped to make ragtime popular with the general public. Maple Leaf Rag was the first instrumental composition to sell over one million copies of sheet music. It was also the first music by an African American to find a large audience among European Americans.
Although the general ragtime style already existed before Joplin began composing, his work attracted a lot of attention from other ragtime composers of his time. Songs like Maple Leaf Rag influenced these composers mostly because they were very popular with the public. And many of them started to add similar fast and complex rhythm to their music. Later, composers came to appreciate the high quality of Joplin’s music, which has continued to capture(引起) the imagination of many composers and musicians up to the present day. For example, many later jazz musicians were influenced by Joplin’s complex African-style rhythm. Jazz, in turn, went on to influence many more popular music styles. These include the blues, rock and roll, soul, and even hip-hop. As a result, many music historians now list Joplin’s work as an early basis of all modern popular music.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国黑人作曲家斯科特·乔普林创作的拉格泰姆音乐作品对美国音乐产生了巨大影响。
5．What do we learn about ragtime?
A．It originated in Europe.
B．It was started by Joplin.
C．It disappeared around the year 1900.
D．It was most popular during Joplin’s time.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段的描述可知，拉格泰姆在20世纪初非常受欢迎，斯科特·乔普林是最有名的美国拉格泰姆作曲家。
6．Which of the following is TRUE regarding Maple Leaf Rag?
A．It was not serious music.
B．It made ragtime cheaper.
C．It was a mix of musical styles.
D．It failed to entertain audiences.
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的The song showed Joplin’s creative blend(融合) of African-American rhythm and more established European-American musical styles.可知，斯科特·乔普林在创作《枫叶拉格》这首歌曲时创造性地融合了非裔美国人的音乐节奏和更为成熟的欧美音乐风格。
7．How did other composers feel about Joplin’s music?
A．It was top-class. B．It was hard to play.
C．It was slow and soft. D．It lacked imagination.
A 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的Songs like Maple Leaf Rag influenced these composers...the present day.可知，作曲家深受乔普林的音乐的影响，并且他们逐渐开始欣赏他高品质的音乐。
8．What’s the focus of this text?
A．The life story of Joplin.
B．The rise of ragtime composers.
C．The development of jazz music.
D．The influence of Joplin’s music.
D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国黑人作曲家斯科特·乔普林创作的拉格泰姆音乐作品对美国音乐产生的影响。
C
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness with me.When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend.We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors.We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say：“Let’s start with a train whistle today.”We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle.Then we would read them aloud.At the end of that school year, we, too, were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.He was in despair (失望) and I was in despair.But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time.We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted.We_gave_London_to_each_other.
For almost four years I have had a remarkable friend.We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves.Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams.She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments, I often think：“Yes, I must tell...”We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist (心理学家)，who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
【解题导语】 全文讲述了朋友在成长过程中的重要作用。
9．In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ________．
A．become serious about her study
B．go to her friend’s house regularly
C．learn from her classmates at school
D．share poems and stories with her friend
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后三句可知：作者与她的朋友分享诗歌与故事。
10．In Paragraph 2，“We gave London to each other.”probably means ________．
A．our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us
B．we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London
C．our unpleasant feelings about London disappeared
D．we parted with each other in London
A 解析：句意理解题。由第二段内容可知在我们的沮丧消失后，我们分开了，我们给对方留下了自己开拓的空间。
11．According to Paragraph 3, the author and her friend ________．
A．call each other regularly
B．have similar personalities
C．enjoy writing to each other
D．dream of meeting each other
C 解析：推理判断题。由第三段内容可知作者和朋友写了四年时间的信，由此可以推断她们都喜欢相互写信。
12．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ________．
A．ask for professional help B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend D．break the silence
B 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句可知，作者在最黑暗的时候喜欢一个人待着。
七选五
Communication Tips
Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents turn out for the best.
Be honest.If you’re always honest，your parents will be likely to believe what you say.If you sometimes hide the truth，parents will have a harder time to believe what you tell them.1.________
Be brave and start talking.It’s easy to say “Hi，Mom！” or “Dad，can you pass the potatoes？”2.________ Let’s face it.You will feel embarrassed(尴尬的) when talking about something personal，but your parents know you quite well.They were your age once，too！So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you.It’s OK to go ahead and share what’s on your mind.
3．________ If you have a disagreement，can you consider things from your parents’ points of view？If you can，telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours，too.
Try not to argue.Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously.4.________
What if it doesn’t work? If you still can’t talk to your parents，seek other adults’ help.5.________ Then follow all the tips above to make you communicate with that person well.
A．Explain your situation.
B．Try to understand them.
C．If you lie，they’ll find it hard to trust you.
D．Parents are the most important people in your life.
E．But it can be harder to start talking about personal topics.
F．It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way.
G．Find a relative or a teacher who will listen to，understand and care about you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了几个与父母更好地沟通的方法。
1．C 解析：本段主旨为要诚实，C项“如果你说谎，他们将很难信任你”与该段主旨吻合，而且三个“If”句表示状况逐步变糟。
2．E 解析：从下文的face it可知，后面面临的是较难的问题，正好与前面的easy构成转折关系。由此推知，该处为过渡句，E项“但是，讨论个人问题会较难开口”符合逻辑。
3．B 解析：本段主要讲如果你与父母之间有分歧时，你要从他们的角度考虑问题，这样他们也会愿意去理解你的想法，B项“试图去理解他们”与本段主要内容吻合，总领该段。
4．F 解析：空白处前提到不要争吵，要用友好和尊重的语气和父母交流，因为这样也更可能会让你的父母以同样的方式与你交流，F项中的It指代空前句子。
5．G 解析：根据空白处前句子“如果你仍然不能和父母交流，那就寻求其他成年人的帮助”，由此可知，空白处填“找一个倾听你、理解你、关心你的亲戚或老师”符合语境。
B卷
阅读理解
“Wait. You’ve always wanted to do that, too？！ Why don’t we do it this summer？！”
That was how it started. My sister and I were talking on the phone when the topic of forest firefighting arose.
Fighting wildfires as a summer job may sound strange, but it’s not uncommon in the western United States. There are at least 50，000 wildfires annually in the U．S., a high number of which happen in the western states. And of course, most happen during the hot months of the year, between May and September. So the need for people willing to spend summers fighting these fires is real!
Federal agencies, such as the U．S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management, as well as private contractors(承包商), employ thousands of seasonal firefighters each year. Through a friend, my sister and I were introduced to one of these private contractors. He agreed to employ us for his crew if we took a training course and passed the pack test.
Our training consisted of a two-day course on the basics of wildfire management. We learned what causes wildfires, the tools and techniques for fighting them and safety guidelines.
The pack test requires a person to walk three miles in under 45 minutes while carrying a 45-pound pack. Since most beginners work on Line, Engine or Hotshot Crews—all extremely physical—everyone needs to pass this test. And we did!
We learned that fighting forest fires includes more than simply spraying(喷出) water on flames. The goal is to contain the fire, not put it out entirely. This is done mainly with tools used to remove plants and roots from the ground, creating a line of dirt around the fire. After this, crews watch the line to ensure the fire doesn’t burn more brightly. We also did “mop-up” tasks—going into the burned areas and burying hot spots, such as burning tree trunks. Though firefighting is difficult and dangerous, it’s definitely rewarding.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了他和妹妹暑期为应聘森林消防员而参与的培训和测试及其心得。
1．What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain?
A．Why there’s a great need for forest firefighters.
B．Who is the right person for the firefighting job.
C．When is the best time to take the firefighting job.
D．Why so many wildfires happen in the U．S. every year.
A 解析：段落大意题。由第三段末尾“So the need for people willing to spend summers fighting these fires is real！”可知，本段是对美国需要大量夏季森林消防队员的解释。
2．Before becoming summer firefighters, the author and his sister ________．
A．received formal training for beginners
B．got permission from the U．S. Forest Service
C．had never heard any information about this job
D．had a heated discussion about the safety of the job
A 解析：细节理解题。由第四段的“my sister and I．..and passed the pack test”可知，在成为夏季森林消防队员之前，作者和妹妹接受了正规训练以及体能测试。
3．Which of the following can best describe the pack test?
A．Safety-related. B．Terribly dangerous.
C．Record-breaking. D．Physically exhausting.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“requires a person to walk three miles in under 45 minutes while carrying a 45-pound pack...all extremely physical”可知，该测试极其耗费体力。
4．What does the underlined word “contain” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Fight. B．Build.
C．Detect. D．Control.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词后的“not put it out entirely”以及除喷水以外的救火方式“with tools...creating a line of dirt around the fire”可知，扑救森林火灾的目的其实在于控制火势，而非完全扑灭。
完形填空
I was a single parent, raising my four-year-old son Daniel in Perth, Australia with all my family based on the other side of the country. __1__ the support of my sisters, aunties, uncles or grandparents, being on my own was terribly __2__. Because my son’s father lived in Perth, I couldn’t move to live with my family. __3__ Daniel’s father didn’t see him often, it was important for him to be geographically close to his dad. Money was tight(拮据的), and with almost no __4__， I often felt __5__ and hopeless.
One night, after a busy day at work, I raced to Daniel’s childcare centre to __6__ him on time.After dinner, we went outside so Daniel could ride his bicycle. __7__ his Batman costume, he was energetic as he __8__ proudly through Claremont towards the river. At the same time, I walked alongside feeling weighed down. I tried to keep a cheerful face, but inside I was __9__. When we got to the river we walked down the pier(码头). There was an older man __10__ at the end and I had a slight __11__ that Daniel would disturb his __12__ and quiet by making noise, so I told him to be quiet. As we __13__， the man turned, smiled and asked, “How’s Batman this evening？”
Daniel __14__ told the man that Batman was good, thanks, before asking about the fish. I __15__ good behavior, and had been afraid we might be disturbing the man. __16__ I couldn’t have been more wrong. The kind man __17__ with my son, and watching their conversations made my eyes __18__. This lovely old gentleman was so __19__ and truly interested in Batman, my little boy, that I just wanted to cry.
It was just __20__ how this man gave my son the time of day. I will always be thankful for that.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者独自一人带孩子，因经济拮据且没有家人的支持与帮助而感到难过和孤独无助。与一位善良的老人邂逅点亮了作者艰难的一天，让作者的内心充满了感动与感激。
1．A.Except B．Without
C．For D．Through
B 解析：由该句中的“being on my own”以及下文中的“I often felt...hopeless”可知，“没有(Without)”家人的帮助和支持，独自一人带四岁的儿子是异常“艰难的(hard)”。
2．A.good B．fun
C．hard D．simple
C 解析：见上题解析。
3．A.Although B．Since
C．Unless D．If
A 解析：前后句之间表示让步关系，故用“尽管(Although)”。
4．A.trouble B．help
C．patience D．change
B 解析：由上文中的“a single parent，...the support of my sisters...”以及该空前的“Money was tight”可知，“我”几乎没有任何“帮助(help)”。
5．A.calm B．young
C．special D．unhappy
D 解析：由该空后的“hopeless”以及下文中的“feeling weighed down”可知，“我”经常感到“难过(unhappy)”和绝望。
6．A.return B．follow
C．collect D．encourage
C 解析：由该空前的“I raced to Daniel’s childcare centre”可知，在忙了一整天的工作后，“我”飞奔到托儿所去按时“接(collect)”Daniel。
7．A.Wearing B．Hiding
C．Sharing D．Controlling
A 解析：由该空后的“his Batman costume”可知，Daniel“穿着(Wearing)”蝙蝠侠的衣服。
8．A.walked B．drove
C．ran D．rode
D 解析：由上文中的“we went outside so Daniel could ride his bicycle”可知，Daniel自豪地“骑车(rode)”穿过Claremont，驶向河边。
9．A.warm B．broken
C．excited D．free
B 解析：由上文中的“feeling weighed down”和“tried to keep a cheerful face”以及由but引起的转折可知，“我”极力想露出笑脸，但是内心却感到“很悲伤(broken)”。
10．A.fishing B．boating
C．sailing D．swimming
A 解析：由下一段中的“before asking about the fish”可知，有一位老人在河边“钓鱼(fishing)”。
11．A.hope B．chance
C．excuse D．worry
D 解析：由下文中的“Daniel would disturb his...and quiet by making noise”可知，“我”有些“担心(worry)”Daniel会发出噪音，打扰这位正在钓鱼的老人的安宁。
12．A.life B．peace
C．rest D．view
B 解析：由该空后的quiet可知，此处指“我”担心Daniel会打扰这位老人的“平静(peace)”和安宁。
13．A.turned B．started
C．left D．approached
D 解析：由上文中的“we walked down the pier(码头)”以及该空后的“the man turned, smiled and asked”可知，当我们“走近(approached)”时，这位老人转过身来，微笑着问Daniel：“蝙蝠侠今晚可好？”
14．A.embarrassedly B．sadly
C．proudly D．carelessly
C 解析：由上文中的“he was energetic as he... proudly through Claremont”以及该空后的“told the man that Batman was good, thanks”可知，Daniel“自豪地(proudly)”告诉那位老人蝙蝠侠很好。
15．A.own B．accept
C．expect D．value
D 解析：由下文中的“had been afraid we might be disturbing the man”可知，“我”很“重视(value)”良好的行为，一直担心我们可能会打扰到这位老人。
16．A.Yet B．So
C．Then D．Still
A 解析：由下文的描述以及作者的担忧可知，此处表示转折，“然而(Yet)”“我”大错特错。
17．A.agreed B．competed
C．stayed D．communicated
D 解析：由下文中的“watching their conversations”可知，这位好心的老人并没有因我们的到来而感到被打扰，反而与“我”的儿子“交谈(communicated)”起来。
18．A.sleepy B．wide
C．watery D．bright
C 解析：由下文中的“I just wanted to cry”可知，看到他们的交流，“我”很感动，眼眶不禁“湿润(watery)”了。
19．A.generous B．friendly
C．independent D．honest
B 解析：由上文中的“The kind man”以及该空后的“truly interested in Batman”可知，这位可爱的老人非常“友好(friendly)”，而且对“蝙蝠侠”——“我”的儿子表示出极大的兴趣，这让“我”不禁想哭。
20．A.impossible B．uncertain
C．unforgettable D．unusual
C 解析：由下文中的“I will always be thankful for that.”可知，这位老人的善举让“我”非常“难忘(unforgettable)”。
语法填空
At each stage of our life，we meet different kinds of people.Some are funny；some teach us lessons in life while others occupy a special space in our heart.The people 1.____________(call) “best friends” are just these special friends.
In our childhood，“best friends” might have meant the persons who are always by our side，2.____________ it may be in the classroom or in the dining hall.However，as we are getting 3.____________(old) than before，our definition(定义) of “best friends” changes.In my opinion，best friends are those who love you 4.____________ who you are and help you become who you should be.People in our life come and go，but some people stay.They are the people we should never lose.
True friends are those who will never abandon you when you need them most.They are always there 5.____________(wait) for you and they love you when you forget to love 6.____________(you)．The best feeling in the whole world is knowing that there is 7.____________ person who always prays for us and always keeps us in their thoughts.Friendship may not 8.____________(necessary) be based on age，but it is based on 9.____________(understand)．Even our parents can be our best friends！So let us build our friendship and try our best 10.____________(see) the good side of everyone!
【解题导语】 人生中总会遇见不同的人，但有些人总会和我们保持长久的友谊，他们就是我们一生的挚友。
1．called 解析：考查非谓语动词。空格前名词The people与动词call之间为被动关系，此处用动词的过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
2．whether 解析：考查连词。根据前后句的意思可知，无论是在教室还是在餐厅，好朋友一直在我们身边，故填whether。
3．older 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据本句的句意及后面的than before可知，此处表示随着年龄的增长，故填older。
4．for 解析：考查介词。好朋友是因为我们本身的样子而爱着我们的人，此处表示原因，故填for。
5．waiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。wait与逻辑主语they为主动关系，因此用现在分词作伴随状语，故填waiting。
6．yourself 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，好朋友在你忘记爱你自己的时候爱着你，故填yourself。
7．a 解析：考查冠词。此处用a表示泛指的“一个”。
8．necessarily 解析：考查副词。根据本句句意可知，友谊没必要建立在年龄的基础上，因此“必要地”在此修饰整句话，故填necessarily。
9．understanding 解析：考查名词。根据句意“友谊建立在理解的基础上”可知，此处应为名词“理解”，故填understanding。
10．to see 解析：考查动词不定式。本句号召我们努力看到每个人好的一面，try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，故填to see。
课件56张PPT。Unit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with othersUnit 1 Getting along with others本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
阅读理解
A
After my son T．J. was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age 2, we went through all the emotions. Our motto in those early years was “Throw everything at him and let’s see what happens.” We gave him every possible learning opportunity. If one thing wasn’t working, we tried something else. We wanted to see what worked best for T．J. and what would make him the most successful.
When T．J. started school, we aimed for the stars. For my husband and me, that meant trying to get him to college. I grew up with that mind－set. But I’m learning now that it’s not the best path for everyone. At age 17, T．J. got stressed out easily in a variety of situations and, with some assistance, could calm himself down. This past winter, as we watched friends with children of T．J.’s age plan college tours, we quietly let go of that definition of success.
We started considering what is the best thing for him. Along the way, we have talked with T．J. about what he wants his future to look like. Now we are trying to find the best way to honor his ideas while overcoming some challenges to help him keep growing. His special educator is on_board_with this plan and is suggesting options for his future. We visited a great residential(提供住宿的) program over spring break, which allows kids to live together, with 24－hour care, and provides opportunities to take a college－level course. We worked with T．J. to structure this program to meet his needs.
We are actively planning his actual future, with him involved every step of the way. It doesn’t look like the college tours a typical high school junior takes, but we are happy with what it is: opportunity and challenge for him and us! We will find our way, together.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者儿子患有自闭症，在面临是否要参加大学考试的时候，她决定让孩子选择一条适合自己的道路。
1．What can we learn about T．J.’s life in the early years?
A．His teachers didn’t give him enough attention.
B．His parents tried every means to help him grow.
C．He became strong to deal with all the situations.
D．He would be too stressed to calm himself down.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“‘Throw everything at him and let’s see what happens.’．.. we tried something else.”可知，在T.J.的早年生活中，作者及丈夫千方百计地帮助儿子成长。
2．What was the author’s definition of success for her son at first?
A．Going to college. B．Being a happy person.
C．Developing an interest. D．Becoming independent.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“When T．J. started school, we aimed for the stars...meant trying to get him to college.”可知，作者原本对儿子取得成功的定义是上大学。
3．The underlined phrase “on board with” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A．in favor of B．proud of
C．worried about D．doubtful about
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Now we are trying to find the best way to honor his ideas”及“...is suggesting options for his future.”可知，作者的计划得到了儿子的老师的赞同。
4．What can we infer about T．J.’s future study?
A．He will learn to face challenges alone.
B．He will live happily on the new campus.
C．He will make progress with his parents’ help.
D．He will keep a balance between life and study.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...with him involved every step of the way...We will find our way, together.”可推断，T.J.会在父母的帮助下取得进步。
B
Ragtime is a fast and complex kind of music that was popular around the beginning of the twentieth century. Scott Joplin is now considered to be the most important American ragtime composer(作曲家) and piano player. During his lifetime, Joplin only enjoyed a brief period of professional success in the early 1900s. However, his work had an important, lasting effect on audiences, as well as other composers.
When ragtime first appeared in the late nineteenth century, it was considered a low form of cheap entertainment, not a serious musical movement. Then in 1899, Joplin wrote a ragtime song called Maple Leaf Rag. The song showed Joplin’s creative blend(融合) of African-American rhythm and more established European-American musical styles. It was a huge success and helped to make ragtime popular with the general public. Maple Leaf Rag was the first instrumental composition to sell over one million copies of sheet music. It was also the first music by an African American to find a large audience among European Americans.
Although the general ragtime style already existed before Joplin began composing, his work attracted a lot of attention from other ragtime composers of his time. Songs like Maple Leaf Rag influenced these composers mostly because they were very popular with the public. And many of them started to add similar fast and complex rhythm to their music. Later, composers came to appreciate the high quality of Joplin’s music, which has continued to capture(引起) the imagination of many composers and musicians up to the present day. For example, many later jazz musicians were influenced by Joplin’s complex African-style rhythm. Jazz, in turn, went on to influence many more popular music styles. These include the blues, rock and roll, soul, and even hip-hop. As a result, many music historians now list Joplin’s work as an early basis of all modern popular music.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。美国黑人作曲家斯科特·乔普林创作的拉格泰姆音乐作品对美国音乐产生了巨大影响。
5．What do we learn about ragtime?
A．It originated in Europe.
B．It was started by Joplin.
C．It disappeared around the year 1900.
D．It was most popular during Joplin’s time.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段的描述可知，拉格泰姆在20世纪初非常受欢迎，斯科特·乔普林是最有名的美国拉格泰姆作曲家。
6．Which of the following is TRUE regarding Maple Leaf Rag?
A．It was not serious music.
B．It made ragtime cheaper.
C．It was a mix of musical styles.
D．It failed to entertain audiences.
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的The song showed Joplin’s creative blend(融合) of African-American rhythm and more established European-American musical styles.可知，斯科特·乔普林在创作《枫叶拉格》这首歌曲时创造性地融合了非裔美国人的音乐节奏和更为成熟的欧美音乐风格。
7．How did other composers feel about Joplin’s music?
A．It was top-class. B．It was hard to play.
C．It was slow and soft. D．It lacked imagination.
A 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的Songs like Maple Leaf Rag influenced these composers...the present day.可知，作曲家深受乔普林的音乐的影响，并且他们逐渐开始欣赏他高品质的音乐。
8．What’s the focus of this text?
A．The life story of Joplin.
B．The rise of ragtime composers.
C．The development of jazz music.
D．The influence of Joplin’s music.
D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国黑人作曲家斯科特·乔普林创作的拉格泰姆音乐作品对美国音乐产生的影响。
C
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness with me.When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend.We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors.We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say：“Let’s start with a train whistle today.”We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle.Then we would read them aloud.At the end of that school year, we, too, were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.He was in despair (失望) and I was in despair.But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time.We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted.We_gave_London_to_each_other.
For almost four years I have had a remarkable friend.We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves.Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams.She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments, I often think：“Yes, I must tell...”We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist (心理学家)，who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
【解题导语】 全文讲述了朋友在成长过程中的重要作用。
9．In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ________．
A．become serious about her study
B．go to her friend’s house regularly
C．learn from her classmates at school
D．share poems and stories with her friend
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后三句可知：作者与她的朋友分享诗歌与故事。
10．In Paragraph 2，“We gave London to each other.”probably means ________．
A．our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us
B．we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London
C．our unpleasant feelings about London disappeared
D．we parted with each other in London
A 解析：句意理解题。由第二段内容可知在我们的沮丧消失后，我们分开了，我们给对方留下了自己开拓的空间。
11．According to Paragraph 3, the author and her friend ________．
A．call each other regularly
B．have similar personalities
C．enjoy writing to each other
D．dream of meeting each other
C 解析：推理判断题。由第三段内容可知作者和朋友写了四年时间的信，由此可以推断她们都喜欢相互写信。
12．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ________．
A．ask for professional help B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend D．break the silence
B 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句可知，作者在最黑暗的时候喜欢一个人待着。
七选五
Communication Tips
Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents turn out for the best.
Be honest.If you’re always honest，your parents will be likely to believe what you say.If you sometimes hide the truth，parents will have a harder time to believe what you tell them.1.________
Be brave and start talking.It’s easy to say “Hi，Mom！” or “Dad，can you pass the potatoes？”2.________ Let’s face it.You will feel embarrassed(尴尬的) when talking about something personal，but your parents know you quite well.They were your age once，too！So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you.It’s OK to go ahead and share what’s on your mind.
3．________ If you have a disagreement，can you consider things from your parents’ points of view？If you can，telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours，too.
Try not to argue.Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously.4.________
What if it doesn’t work? If you still can’t talk to your parents，seek other adults’ help.5.________ Then follow all the tips above to make you communicate with that person well.
A．Explain your situation.
B．Try to understand them.
C．If you lie，they’ll find it hard to trust you.
D．Parents are the most important people in your life.
E．But it can be harder to start talking about personal topics.
F．It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way.
G．Find a relative or a teacher who will listen to，understand and care about you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了几个与父母更好地沟通的方法。
1．C 解析：本段主旨为要诚实，C项“如果你说谎，他们将很难信任你”与该段主旨吻合，而且三个“If”句表示状况逐步变糟。
2．E 解析：从下文的face it可知，后面面临的是较难的问题，正好与前面的easy构成转折关系。由此推知，该处为过渡句，E项“但是，讨论个人问题会较难开口”符合逻辑。
3．B 解析：本段主要讲如果你与父母之间有分歧时，你要从他们的角度考虑问题，这样他们也会愿意去理解你的想法，B项“试图去理解他们”与本段主要内容吻合，总领该段。
4．F 解析：空白处前提到不要争吵，要用友好和尊重的语气和父母交流，因为这样也更可能会让你的父母以同样的方式与你交流，F项中的It指代空前句子。
5．G 解析：根据空白处前句子“如果你仍然不能和父母交流，那就寻求其他成年人的帮助”，由此可知，空白处填“找一个倾听你、理解你、关心你的亲戚或老师”符合语境。
B卷
阅读理解
“Wait. You’ve always wanted to do that, too？！ Why don’t we do it this summer？！”
That was how it started. My sister and I were talking on the phone when the topic of forest firefighting arose.
Fighting wildfires as a summer job may sound strange, but it’s not uncommon in the western United States. There are at least 50，000 wildfires annually in the U．S., a high number of which happen in the western states. And of course, most happen during the hot months of the year, between May and September. So the need for people willing to spend summers fighting these fires is real!
Federal agencies, such as the U．S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management, as well as private contractors(承包商), employ thousands of seasonal firefighters each year. Through a friend, my sister and I were introduced to one of these private contractors. He agreed to employ us for his crew if we took a training course and passed the pack test.
Our training consisted of a two-day course on the basics of wildfire management. We learned what causes wildfires, the tools and techniques for fighting them and safety guidelines.
The pack test requires a person to walk three miles in under 45 minutes while carrying a 45-pound pack. Since most beginners work on Line, Engine or Hotshot Crews—all extremely physical—everyone needs to pass this test. And we did!
We learned that fighting forest fires includes more than simply spraying(喷出) water on flames. The goal is to contain the fire, not put it out entirely. This is done mainly with tools used to remove plants and roots from the ground, creating a line of dirt around the fire. After this, crews watch the line to ensure the fire doesn’t burn more brightly. We also did “mop-up” tasks—going into the burned areas and burying hot spots, such as burning tree trunks. Though firefighting is difficult and dangerous, it’s definitely rewarding.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了他和妹妹暑期为应聘森林消防员而参与的培训和测试及其心得。
1．What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain?
A．Why there’s a great need for forest firefighters.
B．Who is the right person for the firefighting job.
C．When is the best time to take the firefighting job.
D．Why so many wildfires happen in the U．S. every year.
A 解析：段落大意题。由第三段末尾“So the need for people willing to spend summers fighting these fires is real！”可知，本段是对美国需要大量夏季森林消防队员的解释。
2．Before becoming summer firefighters, the author and his sister ________．
A．received formal training for beginners
B．got permission from the U．S. Forest Service
C．had never heard any information about this job
D．had a heated discussion about the safety of the job
A 解析：细节理解题。由第四段的“my sister and I．..and passed the pack test”可知，在成为夏季森林消防队员之前，作者和妹妹接受了正规训练以及体能测试。
3．Which of the following can best describe the pack test?
A．Safety-related. B．Terribly dangerous.
C．Record-breaking. D．Physically exhausting.
D 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“requires a person to walk three miles in under 45 minutes while carrying a 45-pound pack...all extremely physical”可知，该测试极其耗费体力。
4．What does the underlined word “contain” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Fight. B．Build.
C．Detect. D．Control.
D 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词后的“not put it out entirely”以及除喷水以外的救火方式“with tools...creating a line of dirt around the fire”可知，扑救森林火灾的目的其实在于控制火势，而非完全扑灭。
完形填空
I was a single parent, raising my four-year-old son Daniel in Perth, Australia with all my family based on the other side of the country. __1__ the support of my sisters, aunties, uncles or grandparents, being on my own was terribly __2__. Because my son’s father lived in Perth, I couldn’t move to live with my family. __3__ Daniel’s father didn’t see him often, it was important for him to be geographically close to his dad. Money was tight(拮据的), and with almost no __4__， I often felt __5__ and hopeless.
One night, after a busy day at work, I raced to Daniel’s childcare centre to __6__ him on time.After dinner, we went outside so Daniel could ride his bicycle. __7__ his Batman costume, he was energetic as he __8__ proudly through Claremont towards the river. At the same time, I walked alongside feeling weighed down. I tried to keep a cheerful face, but inside I was __9__. When we got to the river we walked down the pier(码头). There was an older man __10__ at the end and I had a slight __11__ that Daniel would disturb his __12__ and quiet by making noise, so I told him to be quiet. As we __13__， the man turned, smiled and asked, “How’s Batman this evening？”
Daniel __14__ told the man that Batman was good, thanks, before asking about the fish. I __15__ good behavior, and had been afraid we might be disturbing the man. __16__ I couldn’t have been more wrong. The kind man __17__ with my son, and watching their conversations made my eyes __18__. This lovely old gentleman was so __19__ and truly interested in Batman, my little boy, that I just wanted to cry.
It was just __20__ how this man gave my son the time of day. I will always be thankful for that.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者独自一人带孩子，因经济拮据且没有家人的支持与帮助而感到难过和孤独无助。与一位善良的老人邂逅点亮了作者艰难的一天，让作者的内心充满了感动与感激。
1．A.Except B．Without
C．For D．Through
B 解析：由该句中的“being on my own”以及下文中的“I often felt...hopeless”可知，“没有(Without)”家人的帮助和支持，独自一人带四岁的儿子是异常“艰难的(hard)”。
2．A.good B．fun
C．hard D．simple
C 解析：见上题解析。
3．A.Although B．Since
C．Unless D．If
A 解析：前后句之间表示让步关系，故用“尽管(Although)”。
4．A.trouble B．help
C．patience D．change
B 解析：由上文中的“a single parent，...the support of my sisters...”以及该空前的“Money was tight”可知，“我”几乎没有任何“帮助(help)”。
5．A.calm B．young
C．special D．unhappy
D 解析：由该空后的“hopeless”以及下文中的“feeling weighed down”可知，“我”经常感到“难过(unhappy)”和绝望。
6．A.return B．follow
C．collect D．encourage
C 解析：由该空前的“I raced to Daniel’s childcare centre”可知，在忙了一整天的工作后，“我”飞奔到托儿所去按时“接(collect)”Daniel。
7．A.Wearing B．Hiding
C．Sharing D．Controlling
A 解析：由该空后的“his Batman costume”可知，Daniel“穿着(Wearing)”蝙蝠侠的衣服。
8．A.walked B．drove
C．ran D．rode
D 解析：由上文中的“we went outside so Daniel could ride his bicycle”可知，Daniel自豪地“骑车(rode)”穿过Claremont，驶向河边。
9．A.warm B．broken
C．excited D．free
B 解析：由上文中的“feeling weighed down”和“tried to keep a cheerful face”以及由but引起的转折可知，“我”极力想露出笑脸，但是内心却感到“很悲伤(broken)”。
10．A.fishing B．boating
C．sailing D．swimming
A 解析：由下一段中的“before asking about the fish”可知，有一位老人在河边“钓鱼(fishing)”。
11．A.hope B．chance
C．excuse D．worry
D 解析：由下文中的“Daniel would disturb his...and quiet by making noise”可知，“我”有些“担心(worry)”Daniel会发出噪音，打扰这位正在钓鱼的老人的安宁。
12．A.life B．peace
C．rest D．view
B 解析：由该空后的quiet可知，此处指“我”担心Daniel会打扰这位老人的“平静(peace)”和安宁。
13．A.turned B．started
C．left D．approached
D 解析：由上文中的“we walked down the pier(码头)”以及该空后的“the man turned, smiled and asked”可知，当我们“走近(approached)”时，这位老人转过身来，微笑着问Daniel：“蝙蝠侠今晚可好？”
14．A.embarrassedly B．sadly
C．proudly D．carelessly
C 解析：由上文中的“he was energetic as he... proudly through Claremont”以及该空后的“told the man that Batman was good, thanks”可知，Daniel“自豪地(proudly)”告诉那位老人蝙蝠侠很好。
15．A.own B．accept
C．expect D．value
D 解析：由下文中的“had been afraid we might be disturbing the man”可知，“我”很“重视(value)”良好的行为，一直担心我们可能会打扰到这位老人。
16．A.Yet B．So
C．Then D．Still
A 解析：由下文的描述以及作者的担忧可知，此处表示转折，“然而(Yet)”“我”大错特错。
17．A.agreed B．competed
C．stayed D．communicated
D 解析：由下文中的“watching their conversations”可知，这位好心的老人并没有因我们的到来而感到被打扰，反而与“我”的儿子“交谈(communicated)”起来。
18．A.sleepy B．wide
C．watery D．bright
C 解析：由下文中的“I just wanted to cry”可知，看到他们的交流，“我”很感动，眼眶不禁“湿润(watery)”了。
19．A.generous B．friendly
C．independent D．honest
B 解析：由上文中的“The kind man”以及该空后的“truly interested in Batman”可知，这位可爱的老人非常“友好(friendly)”，而且对“蝙蝠侠”——“我”的儿子表示出极大的兴趣，这让“我”不禁想哭。
20．A.impossible B．uncertain
C．unforgettable D．unusual
C 解析：由下文中的“I will always be thankful for that.”可知，这位老人的善举让“我”非常“难忘(unforgettable)”。
语法填空
At each stage of our life，we meet different kinds of people.Some are funny；some teach us lessons in life while others occupy a special space in our heart.The people 1.____________(call) “best friends” are just these special friends.
In our childhood，“best friends” might have meant the persons who are always by our side，2.____________ it may be in the classroom or in the dining hall.However，as we are getting 3.____________(old) than before，our definition(定义) of “best friends” changes.In my opinion，best friends are those who love you 4.____________ who you are and help you become who you should be.People in our life come and go，but some people stay.They are the people we should never lose.
True friends are those who will never abandon you when you need them most.They are always there 5.____________(wait) for you and they love you when you forget to love 6.____________(you)．The best feeling in the whole world is knowing that there is 7.____________ person who always prays for us and always keeps us in their thoughts.Friendship may not 8.____________(necessary) be based on age，but it is based on 9.____________(understand)．Even our parents can be our best friends！So let us build our friendship and try our best 10.____________(see) the good side of everyone!
【解题导语】 人生中总会遇见不同的人，但有些人总会和我们保持长久的友谊，他们就是我们一生的挚友。
1．called 解析：考查非谓语动词。空格前名词The people与动词call之间为被动关系，此处用动词的过去分词作后置定语，故填called。
2．whether 解析：考查连词。根据前后句的意思可知，无论是在教室还是在餐厅，好朋友一直在我们身边，故填whether。
3．older 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据本句的句意及后面的than before可知，此处表示随着年龄的增长，故填older。
4．for 解析：考查介词。好朋友是因为我们本身的样子而爱着我们的人，此处表示原因，故填for。
5．waiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。wait与逻辑主语they为主动关系，因此用现在分词作伴随状语，故填waiting。
6．yourself 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，好朋友在你忘记爱你自己的时候爱着你，故填yourself。
7．a 解析：考查冠词。此处用a表示泛指的“一个”。
8．necessarily 解析：考查副词。根据本句句意可知，友谊没必要建立在年龄的基础上，因此“必要地”在此修饰整句话，故填necessarily。
9．understanding 解析：考查名词。根据句意“友谊建立在理解的基础上”可知，此处应为名词“理解”，故填understanding。
10．to see 解析：考查动词不定式。本句号召我们努力看到每个人好的一面，try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，故填to see。
课件84张PPT。Unit 1 Getting along with others本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．In China，it’s bad ____________(举止) to talk with your mouth full.
答案：manners
2．Li Xin even doesn’t know the test of TOFEL，however，she ____________(假装) that she has studied economics in an American College for four years.
答案：pretends
3．If you are late for class，you should ____________(道歉) to the teacher either at the time or after class.
答案：apologize
4．I didn’t mean to keep you waiting here for a long time.But there are several traffic jams on the way.Can you ______________(原谅) me?
答案：forgive
5．Those who ____________(背叛) their countries will be hated by all the people.
答案：betrayed
6．He felt____________(内疚的) about not visiting his parents more often.
答案：guilty
7．Old people tend to be very____________(敏感的) to cold.
答案：sensitive
8．They were having an ____________ (争论) about whose turn it was to do the cooking.
答案：argument
单句改错
1．You should have the courage to admit have broken the window.____________________
答案：第二个have改为having
2．When the boss came in，the workers pretended to work hard on their machines.____________________
答案：work改为be working
3．In truth，if you want to keep pace to the development of the society，you should be absorbed in your work rather than waste your time.____________________
答案：第二个to改为with
4．It never occurred to her to ask anyone for help when she was with trouble.____________________
答案：with改为in
5．Who can guarantee that he will keep his words？____________________
答案：words改为word
完成句子
1．——真幸运，我获得了800米比赛的金牌。
——你肯定受过严格的训练。
—I was lucky to win a gold medal in the 800-metre race.
—You____________________ tough training.
答案：must have gone through
2．如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
____________，what did you do to grow these plants?
答案：If so
3．——汤姆昨晚在晚会上玩得很愉快。
——他的确玩得很愉快，杰克玩得也很愉快。
—Tom had a wonderful time at the party last night.
—________________ and ________________．
答案：So he did；so did Jack
4．我买了一辆新车，约翰也是。
I have bought a new car，__________________．
＝ I have bought a new car.____________________________，too.
答案：so has John；John has bought a new car
5．在这样的情况下，我不得不这样做。
I ________________ so under these circumstances.
答案：cannot help but do
课文语法填空
(Ⅰ)Secrets and lies
In Sarah’s letter，she told Annie that she and Hannah had been best friends since primary school.They were both very hard-working and got good grades at school.One day，they had a 1.____________(surprising) math quiz.2.____________ it was easy，Sarah got the 3.____________(low) grade in the class！The next day Sarah found almost everyone in the class knew it.She was so angry 4.____________ Hannah because she only told Hannah the secret.Hannah said someone must 5.____________ (spy) on them in the washroom，but Sarah didn’t believe her explanation and couldn’t forgive her.
(Ⅱ)A friendship in trouble
In Andrew’s letter，he said he and his best friend Matthew were in the school football team.Last week they played 6.____________ another school.The other team was superb and they really had to focus.In the match Matthew couldn’t keep pace with the game so they lost the game.7.____________ this reason，Andrew got angry with Matthew and said that he had not tried hard enough.Matthew got annoyed，8.____________(say) it wasn’t his fault and that Andrew shouldn’t talk to him in that manner.
They quarreled and it turned into a horrible 9.____________(argue) at last.Because Andrew disliked 10.____________(see) his team lost，he made some cruel remarks during the argument.Since they argued，they had stopped talking to each other.Andrew felt awkward.
答案：1.surprise 2.Though/Although 3.lowest 4.with
5．have been spying 6.against 7.For 8.saying
9．argument 10.seeing
A卷
单句语法填空
1. He had a good disguise，but as soon as he spoke he betrayed ____________(he)．
答案：himself
2. That student admitted ____________(cheat) in the math exam，promising that he would never do that again in the future.
答案：having cheated
3. He pretended ____________ (read) an important paper when the boss entered.
答案：to be reading
4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but I’d rather he focused more ____________ its culture.
答案：on
5. It’s bad manners ____________ (speak) ill of someone in his absence.
答案：to speak
6. Mary often argues ____________ her friends about small things angrily，which sometimes makes them very unhappy.
答案：with
7. The child was told to ____________ (apology) for being rude to his mother.
答案：apologize
8．While we can’t change the body type we are born with，we can’t blame our genes ____________ making us fat.
答案：for
9. Every time he sees people ____________ trouble，he always lends them a hand.
答案：in
10．Supply has to keep pace ____________ increasing demand.
答案：with
阅读理解
Many teenagers play sports or go out with friends in their spare time. However, Amalia Tobias is different because she spends her free time helping others.
A few years ago, Amalia started the “Family Promise Club”. The group belongs to Family Promise, a national organization that calls on volunteers to offer care to the homeless. After volunteering for several years, Amalia found that Family Promise guests are not much different than her own family.
Amalia thought young people could make a positive difference. She brought a few of her friends to volunteer at Family Promise. There, the teens played with the children and read books to them. The teens also helped serve the meals that had been given by others. One of Amalia’s friends described it as the most unforgettable experience he had ever had.
This inspired Amalia to start the Family Promise Club. Amalia saw that her friends were happy after they volunteered because it gave them a sense of community.
Rachel Isralowitz, another student member of the club, remembered her first-time volunteering. She said, “The kids seemed to be enjoying themselves a lot. I was also very happy afterwards because there was lots of fun.”
Still, Amalia knew that starting the new club was a risk.“What if no one else comes besides me and my friends？” she wondered. At the first meeting, Amalia told the other students, “A Family Promise guest may be in an unfortunate position, but that doesn’t mean that he or she is any less of a person than we are.” Amalia was happy to see that students in all grades take an active part in the club.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。为了让更多的人关注、帮助无家可归的人，Amalia Tobias成立了Family Promise Club。
1．Which of the following can best describe Amalia?
A．Shy. B．Caring.
C．Stubborn. D．Easy-going.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Amalia Tobias is different because she spends her free time helping others”可知，caring“体贴人的；关心他人的”最能形容Amalia。
2．What made Amalia start the Family Promise Club?
A．The children’s need for love.
B．The importance of reading books.
C．Her friends’ experiences as volunteers.
D．Some suggestions from Family Promise.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容以及第四段的“This inspired Amalia to start the Family Promise Club.”可知，Amalia的朋友们作为志愿者的经历使得Amalia产生了建立Family Promise Club的想法。
3．What did Rachel Isralowitz think of volunteering?
A．It made her popular among kids.
B．It helped her make more friends.
C．It was a win-win situation.
D．It gave her a sense of safety.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Rachel Isralowitz认为志愿者活动既帮助了他人，同时也给自己带来了快乐，是一个双赢的局面。
4．What might be the best title for the text?
A．Family Promise Club
B．The Value of Volunteering
C．Happiness Is a State of Mind
D．A Girl’s Voluntary Experience
A 解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了Amalia Tobias成立了Family Promise Club的过程，用Family Promise Club作标题最合适。
完形填空
Good friends mean a lot in our life.I used to have some friends who I could __1__．It was my 4th grade in the elementary school that I had my two friends Nina and Nancy.I had known them since the first grade and we had gotten along quite well.Now the memory of their appearance is still __2__ in my mind.
The following year I went to a new school.I was shy and didn’t __3__ much.The first day I made no new friend and I felt __4__．The next day right after school as we were waiting for our school __5__，I felt someone __6__ on my hair，so I quickly turned，“Why did you do that？”
“I’m sorry I was stretching.”Giving her a(n) __7__ look，I turned around without saying anything.I had seen my teacher’s eyes __8__ as I didn’t want to get into __9__．Then I felt a __10__ on my shoulder and turned around again.“What is it？”“Well umm...I have seen you for the first time.For the reason that I was __11__ yesterday I was wondering if you’re a new student.”I nodded __12__ and she smiled “Welcome to De Zavala Primary School! I’m Alondra，nice to meet you！”Then the school bus came and we got on.
And that’s how it all __13__．She was a warm-hearted girl __14__ she introduced me to new people and I made a lot of new friends! And I swore I would __15__ them because they saved me from the __16__ and they didn’t even know.One day，when we were in the 8th grade，Alondra told me she had always wanted a best friend and then I __17__ along.I felt so __18__ to hear about it.Now I’m in the college and I __19__ have many friends: Logan，Mari，Amold，Maggie，and those whose __20__ you don’t know.
1．A.go with B．get along
C．put up with D．count on
D 解析：第一句说“朋友在我们的生活中意味着很多”，故此处指“我过去有一些可以依赖的朋友”。go with与……相配；get along相处；put up with容忍；count on指望，依赖。
2．A.clean B．blank
C．fresh D．invisible
C 解析：我从小学一年级就认识这两位朋友，所以现在她们的长相在我脑海中仍然记忆犹新(fresh)。
3．A.eat B．talk
C．know D．gain
B 解析：因为我害羞，所以我说话少。
4．A.good B．angry
C．bored D．lonely
D 解析：因为在这个新学校的第一天我没有交到一个朋友，所以我感到很孤独(lonely)。
5．A.doctor B．dinner
C．teacher D．bus
D 解析：根据第三段最后一句中的“the school bus came”可知答案。
6．A.pull B．push
C．catch D．put
A 解析：pull on拉；push on推动；catch on流行，理解；put on穿上。此处指有人拉自己的头发。
7．A.angry B．cold
C．friendly D．excited
C 解析：对方已经道歉，于是我一言不发地只是友好地看了她一眼。
8．A.close B．widen
C．narrow D．brighten
B 解析：由于我没有说话，老师感到很惊讶，眼睛睁得很大。
9．A.agreement B．danger
C．trouble D．touch
C 解析：get into trouble陷入困境。
10．A.knock B．tap
C．strike D．beat
B 解析：“轻拍肩膀”只能用名词tap。
11．A.absent B．lazy
C．busy D．strange
A 解析：因为我昨天没来，所以我不知道你是否是新来的学生。
12．A.anxiously B．attentively
C．nervously D．sincerely
D 解析：别人问话，应该真诚地点头。
13．A.went B．appeared
C．began D．worked
C 解析：和Alondra认识后，在新学校我的新生活开始了。
14．A.when B．why
C．as D．how
C 解析：此处as意思是“因为”。
15．A.care for B．thank for
C．send for D．seek for
A 解析：care for喜欢；thank for因为……而感谢；send for派人去请；seek for寻找。此处指“我很喜欢我的新朋友们”。
16．A.happiness B．loneliness
C．poverty D．fear
B 解析：前文提到，作者在新学校的第一天由于没有朋友，感到很孤独。现在有了新朋友，当然不再孤独。
17．A.came B．marched
C．hurried D．got
A 解析：Alondra告诉我之前她一直想要找到一个最好的朋友，没想到那时我出现了。
18．A.honored B．stable
C．uneasy D．sad
A 解析：听了她的话，我感到很荣幸。
19．A.even B．just
C．only D．still
D 解析：现在我在上大学，仍然有很多朋友。
20．A.characters B．names
C．friends D．grades
B 解析：除了列举的朋友外，还有些你不知道他们名字的朋友。
B卷
阅读理解
A
We have met the enemy，and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkey-pox，a disease usually found in the African rainforest，suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest，it’s hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings.“Most of the infections(传染病) we think of as human infections started in other animals，”says Stephen Morse，director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.
It’s not just that we’re going to where the animals are；we’re also bringing them closer to us.Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country.A strange illness killed Isaksen’s pets，and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I don’t think it’s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them，”says Isaksen.
“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，”says Peter Schantz.Monkey-pox may be the_wake-up_call．Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases.A new bug(病毒) may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful(有害的)．Monkey-pox doesn’t look a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.
1．We learn from Paragraph 1 that the pet sold at the shop may ________．
A．come from Columbia
B．prevent us from being infected
C．enjoy being with children
D．suffer from monkey-pox
D 解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段可知，该宠物可能患monkey-pox。
2．Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?
A．They attack human beings.
B．We need to study native animals.
C．They can’t live out of the rainforest.
D．We do not know much about them yet.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段Isaksen说的话可知，她认为目前人们对国外的宠物了解得太少。
3．What does the phrase “the wake-up call” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．A new disease.
B．A clear warning.
C．A dangerous animal.
D．A morning call.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段内容可知monkey-pox可能给人们“一个警示”。
4．The text suggests that in the future we ________．
A．may have to fight against more new diseases
B．may easily get infected by diseases from dogs
C．should not be allowed to have pets
D．should stop buying pets from Africa
A 解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，这种病毒的出现只是一个警告。未来可能会出现更多的新的疾病。
B
Many times when children make a mistake，starting with breaking a window while playing football or skipping classes and ending with stealing something or fighting with another child，parents are always blamed by the society for not having known how to educate their offspring(后代)．The situation is not that easy to explain.
Parents always look for the best interest of their children and many times they are ready to take measures only for their sake.They know their children are suffering when they are obliged to stay indoors or when they have no money，but they have to teach them a lesson so that they won’t repeat the same mistakes over and over again.When a child realizes that his father is talking seriously about him not being allowed to do something，he understands the gravity(严重性)of his deeds and he knows he will think twice before making the same mistake again.
These are the cases of the responsible parents，who suffer when they see that their children are not happy but who resist the temptation of forgiving them so easily so that they realize the gravity of their actions not only at present but also for the future.
On the other hand there are parents who always find excuses for their children’s behavior，who never consider they make mistakes or if they just do what they call “childish” things lacking importance.
When you buy your children everything he has ever dreamt of or when you tell him he can wear a necklace even if he is only 13，he will become so spoiled that he won’t take into consideration anything of what you are telling him later on.He will get to the point when he steals from the house or from a shop so that he can afford to buy cigarettes or drugs.
5．What does the author imply in the first paragraph?
A．It is the parents who are to blame when their children make mistakes.
B．Children are easy to make mistakes.
C．It is not always right to blame parents when their children make mistakes.
D．Educating their children is the responsibility of the parents.
C 解析：推理判断题。作者在第一段中列举了孩子常犯的一些错误，社会上经常因为孩子犯错误而责备他们的父母，作者认为这种做法是不正确的。第一段最后一句提示了答案。
6．According to the author，if a child makes a mistake，the parents should ________．
A．teach the child a lesson
B．understand the child and forgive him or her
C．not make him or her stay indoors
D．not forgive him or her at all
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...but they have to teach them a lesson so that they won’t repeat the same mistakes over and over again.”可知答案。
7．We can infer from the passage that ________．
A．parents’ attitude towards their children’s mistakes affects their children’s behavior greatly
B．parents’ excuses for their children’s behavior make no difference to their children
C．children are hard to educate if they often make mistakes
D．parents who make excuses for their children’s bad deeds are not good parents
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可以推测父母对孩子所犯错误的态度对孩子行为的影响很大。
8．The purpose of writing this passage is to ________．
A．tell us it is normal that children make mistakes
B．show parents how to deal with the children who make mistakes
C．make us know why children often make mistakes
D．give some advice on how to forgive the children who make mistakes
B 解析：写作意图题。本文重点说明父母应该怎样处理孩子所犯的错误才能让孩子在今后避免再犯类似的错误，才能让他们意识到自己所犯错误的严重性。所以作者的意图是告诉父母应该怎样对待犯错误的孩子。
七选五
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people’s first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new.1.________
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. 2.________ Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. 3.________ Don’t be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情) as a charming sign of strength and inspiration. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easy-going.
4．________ Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye contact(眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don’t have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. 5.________ Let them know you don’t want unfavorable things to affect them. It’ll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A．Make others comfortable.
B．Instead, you can set another time.
C．Pay attention to your body language.
D．Show interest in the person you meet.
E．When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F．Be polite and show manners with “please and thank you”．
G．Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何给对方留下好的第一印象的方法。
1．G 解析：空白处前引出第一印象这个话题，空白处后列举了几种方法，判断该空为主旨句，引出下文，G项符合逻辑。
2．F 解析：根据空白处前内容“只有别人感觉到受尊重了，他才会尊重你”可知，要有礼貌。
3．D 解析：该段主旨为要热情。D项“要对你见到的人表示有兴趣”与本段主旨吻合。
4．C 解析：空后提到肢体语言对第一印象的重要性，C项与本段主旨吻合。
5．B 解析：本段主要讲了当有不好的事发生时，你没必要非要在同一天赴约，可以约另一个时间，从而避免让自己的消极情绪影响自己要见的人，故选B。
短文改错
Dear Peter，
I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor.I want to have the pen friend，hopefully，a girl in her early twenties，and with interests similarly to mine.In my mind，he is someone who is interesting in traveling，swimming，and playing table tennis.However，it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have been kept one at home for some time.With such a pen friend，I hope I can share with her our experiences in traveling，taking care pets，or whatever we have in common.I believed I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her countries.I am looking forward to hear from you soon.
Best regards.
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Peter，
I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor.I want to have pen friend，hopefully，a girl in her early twenties，and with interests to mine.In my mind, is someone who is in traveling，swimming，and playing table tennis.，it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home for some time.With such a pen friend，I hope I can share with her our experiences in traveling，taking care pets，or whatever we have in common.I I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her.I am looking forward to from you soon.
Best regards.
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ Word power，Task & Project
1．absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的
2．overcome vt. 克服，解决
3．acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；
略有交情，(与某人)认识
4．attitude n. 态度，看法
5．worldwide adj.& adv. 全世界(的)
6．adolescent adj. 青春期的
n. 青少年
7．pause vi.& n. 停顿，暂停
8．amusement n. 娱乐，消遣→amuse v. 娱乐；消遣；使……发笑 →amusing adj. 有趣的；引人发笑的
9．identity n. 身份→identify vt. 鉴定；识别，辨认出→identification n. 确认；鉴定；身份的证明
10．cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的→ caution n. 警告；慎重 vt. 警告；劝告 →cautiously adv. 慎重地
11．eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的 → eagerly adv. 渴望地 →eagerness n. 渴望；热心
12．respond vi. 做出反应，回应→ response n. 反应；回答 →responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的
13．security n. 平安，安全；安全措施→secure adj. 安全的；牢靠的；vt. 使安全；固定
14．committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的；→commit v. 犯罪；承诺；委托→commitment n．承诺；信奉；献身
15．mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽大的→merciless adj.无慈悲心的；无情的
1．rather_than 并非，而不是
2．in_advance 事先，预先
3．get_through (电话等)接通
4．be_based_on 以……为基础，以……为根据
5．regardless_of 不管，不顾
6．end_up 最后成为；最终处于
7．rely_on 依靠，依赖
8．thanks_to 幸亏，由于
9．in_conclusion 最后，总之
10．look_back_on 回忆，回顾过去
1．have nothing to do but do除了……无事可做
We had_nothing_to_do_but_watch_TV．
我们除了看电视无事可做。
2．would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做……也不愿做……
You know I would_rather visit the dentist than study algebra and arithmetic!
你知道我宁愿去看牙医也不愿学习代数和算术！
3．现在分词短语作伴随状语
When he comes back three and a half hours later，they’re still sitting on the sofa，continuing_the_same_conversation_on_the_same_topic．
当他三个半小时后回来时，她们仍然坐在沙发上，继续聊着同样的话题。
4．状语从句的省略
When_asked，they usually hesitate before responding...
当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下……
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．According to the passage the most important thing in life for us is ________．
A．money B．friendship
C．security D．comfort
2．In the author’s opinion，all of the following are the meanings of friendship EXCEPT that ________．
A．friendship means not being alone
B．friendship means having someone you can rely on
C．friendship means being committed to others
D．friendship means helping others do anything at any
moment
3．From this passage we know that ________．
A．once a friend always a friend
B．once a thief always a thief
C．the best way to have a friend is to be a friend
D．the best way to have a friend is to give others much
money
4．What should you do when your friend makes some cruel comments about you while quarreling according to this passage?
A．You should have words with him or her.
B．You should make some even crueler comments about him or her.
C．You should call his or her name.
D．You should forgive him or her.
答案：1－4.BDCD
Teenagers’ friendships
My friend, Robert, has a twin① sister named Amanda.Though they get along well②， there are some things about Amanda and her friends that puzzle③ Robert.He can’t understand how girls can talk for so long.For example④， sometimes when he leaves the apartment⑤ to play football, Amanda and her friend, Sharon, are sitting on the sofa, talking⑥.When he comes back three and a half hours⑦ later, they’re still sitting on the sofa, continuing the same conversation on the same topic⑧.One day Robert was so curious that he asked Amanda what they talked about⑨， but she replied，‘We’re best friends.We talk about almost everything—film stars, pop songs, recipes⑩， everything！’
①twin[twIn]adj.双胞胎之一的，成双的n.双胞胎之一；一对相像的事物之一
②get along well相处融洽，和睦相处，进展顺利
③puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑不解
④for example例如
⑤apartment[?'pɑ?tm?nt]n.公寓套房
⑥talking是现在分词，它在句中作伴随状语。
⑦three and a half hours三个半小时
⑧topic['t?pIk]n.话题，题目，主题
⑨so...that...“如此……以至于……”，在此引导结果状语从句；what引导宾语从句。
⑩recipe n．食谱；秘诀
青少年的友谊观
我的朋友罗伯特有一个双胞胎妹妹叫阿曼达。尽管他们相处融洽，但阿曼达和她朋友的一些事还是让罗伯特感到困惑。他无法理解女孩子怎么会聊那么长时间。例如，有时他离开公寓去踢足球时，阿曼达和她的朋友沙伦就坐在沙发上聊天。当他三个半小时后回来时，她们仍然坐在沙发上，继续聊着同样的话题。一天，罗伯特抑制不住好奇，问阿曼达她们聊了什么，但她回答说：“我们是最好的朋友。我们什么都聊——电影明星、流行歌曲、食谱等等，所有的事！”
Boys and girls have different attitudes? towards? friendship.Friendships between girls are usually anchored? in shared? feelings and support, but friendships between boys are based on? shared activities or interests.A boy is likely to? be cautious? about sharing his feelings with his close friends.A girl’s closest friend, however, might be eager? to tell her about something that has happened in her life?.
Many studies worldwide? showB21 that girls have more friendships than boys.In fact, many adolescentB22 males cannot name a singleB23 best friend.When askedB24, they usually hesitateB25 before respondingB26，‘My best friend？I can’t think about that.I am busy withB27 my homework, and I have so many different friends that it is hard to choose just one best friend.’
?attitude['?tItju?d]n.态度，看法
?towards prep.对，向
?anchor['??k?(r)]vt.扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定 n．锚
?shared在此处是过去分词作定语。
?be based on以……为基础/根据
?be likely to很可能(常以人作主语)
?cautious['k????s]adj.小心的，谨慎的
?eager['i?ɡ?(r)]adj.热切的，急不可待的
?that引导定语从句，修饰先行词something。
?worldwide['w??ldwaId]adv.&adj.全世界(的)
show vt.&vi.表明，证明，出示给……看
adolescent[??d?'lesnt] adj.青春期的 n．青少年
single adj.单一的；独身的
when引导的状语从句的省略。
hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决
respond[rI'sp?nd] vi.做出反应，回应
be busy with忙于做某事
男孩和女孩对待友谊的态度是不一样的。女孩之间的友谊通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之间的友谊则以共同的活动或兴趣为基础。对于与密友分享情感这件事，男孩会更加谨慎。而一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地告诉她生活中发生的一些事。
全球范围的许多研究表明女孩比男孩享有更多的友谊。事实上，许多青春期的男孩说不出一个最好的朋友的名字。当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下：“最好的朋友？我没有想过这个问题。我忙于家庭作业。我有很多不同的朋友，很难选出哪一位是我最好的朋友。”
Females who have been askedB28 can usually answer the question without pausingB29，‘A best friend？Of course.We have a lot to shareB30 with each other.We do a lot of things together such as talking and shopping.’
We have to realize: boys share activities, whileB31 girls share feelings.The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friendB32 seem to be the same, regardless ofB33 the basis of these friendships.The important thing to remember is that both of them are friendshipsB34.We all need friends in our lives.
who引导定语从句，先行词是Females。
pause[p??z]vi.&n.停顿，暂停
share vt.分享
share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物
while conj.而，然而(表示对比)
consider...(to be...)“认为……(是……)”；that在此句中引导的是定语从句。
regardless[rI'ɡa?dl?s]adv.不顾；不管怎样
regardless of不管，不顾
that引导表语从句，在句中不作任何句子成分，也无任何意义。
被问到过这个问题的女孩往往能毫不犹豫地回答：“最好的朋友？当然有。我们分享的东西很多。我们经常一起做很多事，比如聊天和购物。”
我们必须认识到：男孩共享活动，而女孩分享情感。无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。所要记住的重要一点是：它们二者均是友谊。我们在生活中都需要朋友。
What friendship means to me
When deciding what is most important in life①， some people choose money, while others choose things like security② and comfort③.However, for me, the most important thing in life is friendship.I cannot imagine④ being without it.
Friendship means not being alone.Once I was travelling by myself⑤ through Beijing⑥ on the way to⑦ my grandparents’ house.Since my next train left in the evening⑧， I had a day for sightseeing.At first，I didn’t mind being alone, but then I saw all of the tourists having⑨ their pictures taken together, and I began feeling sad.I ended up⑩ returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room?.Life is no fun? without a companion? to share it with.
Friendship means having someone I can rely on?.Last year，I left my schoolbag on a trolleybus?， and I lost all of my notes for the final exam.You can imagine how I panicked?.Luckily for me, my best friend Jenny let me copy her notes, and I used them in my revision?.Thanks to? her help, I was able to pass the exam.
①when deciding...是时间状语从句的省略结构，when后省略了they are。
②security[sI'kj??r?tI]n.平安，安全；安全措施
③comfort n．舒适，安慰 v．安慰
④imagine v．想象，幻想，猜测 imagine doing sth.想象做某事
⑤by oneself独自地；单独
⑥through Beijing经过北京
⑦on the way to在去……的路上
⑧since“由于”，此处引导原因状语从句。
⑨see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事
⑩end up最后成为；最终处于
?waiting room n．候车室；候诊室；等候室
?no fun不好玩，没有乐趣
?companion n．同伴，同事
?rely[rI'laI]vi.依赖，依靠 rely on依靠，依赖
?trolleybus['tr?lIb?s] n．无轨电车
?panicked adj.惊慌的，恐慌的
panic['p?nIk]v.(使)惊慌失措，(使)恐慌
?revision[rI'vI?n]n.复习；修订，修改
?thanks to幸亏；由于
友谊对我意味着什么
当决定什么是人生中最重要的东西时，有些人选择钱，而另外一些人则选择安全性和舒适性之类的东西。然而，对我而言，生活中最重要的东西是友谊。我无法想象没有友谊的生活。
友谊意味着不会孤独。有一次我独自一人去旅行，去我祖父母家途经北京。由于我要乘坐的下一趟火车要到晚上才开，我有一天的观光时间。起初，我并不介意自己一个人，但后来看见所有的游客一起拍照，我开始感到难过。最终我回到火车站，在候车室里度过了当天余下的时光。如果没有同伴分享，生活就索然无味。
友谊意味着有一个人可以依靠。去年，我把书包忘在了无轨电车上，丢了所有的期末考试的笔记。你可以想象我有多慌乱。幸运的是，我最好的朋友珍妮让我复印了她的笔记，我复习时用了它们。多亏她的帮助，我才得以通过考试。
Friendship means being committed? to others.The best way to have a friend is to be a friend?.Because I am a friend, I have had to learn patienceB21 and mercyB22.Once I had a quarrel with JennyB23, and she made some cruel commentsB24 about me.Even though I was hurt，I forgave her and she later made an apologyB25.Through this incidentB26, both of us have become better people.However, if I had ended our friendshipB27，we would have both learnt nothing.
In conclusionB28, when we are old and look back onB29 our lives, what will we remember？Will we remember the things we bought or the places we have been toB30？No, we will remember those whom we loved and those who loved usB31.We will remember our friends.
?committed[k?'mItId]adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
?动词不定式短语作表语。
patience n．耐心，耐性 patient adj.耐心的 n．病人
mercy['m??sI]n.宽恕；仁慈
have a quarrel with sb.和某人吵架
comment n．评论，意见，批评
apology[?'p?l?d?I]n.道歉
incident n．事件(多指小事情)，事变，插曲
if虚拟条件句，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设。
in conclusion总之，最后
look back on回顾，回忆
we bought和we have been to都是省略了that的定语从句。
whom we loved和who loved us都是定语从句。
友谊意味着对他人的承诺。拥有朋友的最佳途径就是做一位朋友。因为我是一位朋友，我必须学会耐心和宽容。有一次我与珍妮吵架，她说了一些有关我的残酷无情的话。尽管我的感情受到了伤害，我还是原谅了她。后来她向我道歉。通过这一事件，我们俩都变成了更好的人。但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所获。
总之，当我们年老回顾我们的生活时，我们会记住什么呢？我们会记住我们买过的东西或者是去过的地方吗？不，我们会记住那些我们爱过的人和爱过我们的人。我们会记住我们的朋友。
overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服，解决
(教材P13)We will listen to your problems and offer you practical advice on how to overcome them.
我们将倾听你的问题并且就怎么解决它们给你提供很实用的建议。
①The saying reminds us that so long as we have a strong will，there is no difficulty that can’t be overcome.
这个谚语提醒我们只要我们有坚强的意志，就没有克服不了的困难。
②We can and must overcome_our_shortcomings.
我们能够而且必须克服我们的缺点。
③He has enough courage to_overcome(overcome) the difficulty.
他有足够的勇气来克服这个困难。
overcome还有“被(烟、感情等)熏(压)倒，使受不了”的意思。
④He was_overcome(overcome) by the gas fumes.
汽油味使他受不了。
⑤They were_overcome_with sadness.
他们悲痛欲绝。
get through (用电话)接通；通过；度过(艰难或不愉快的一段时间)；完成
(教材P13)Our lines can get very busy，but please keep trying and you will soon get through.
我们的电话可能会很忙，请不断尝试，不久你就会拨通的。
get along/on with 与……相处；进展
get down to 开始认真(做某事)
get across (使)被理解；(使)被接受
get around 到处走动；(消息、谣言)传开
get over 克服；恢复
①I tried calling you several times，but I couldn’t get through.
我试着给你打了好几次电话，但是没有打通。
②It’s high time that we should get down to dealing(deal) with the problem of food safety.
该是我们应对食品安全问题的时候了。
③Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets_around quickly.
[谚语]好事不出门，坏事传千里。
④If you can get over your present difficulties，then everything should be all right.
如果你能克服目前的困难，一切便顺利了。
attitude n．态度，看法
(教材P18)Boys and girls have different attitudes towards friendship. 男孩和女孩对待友谊的态度是不一样的。
attitude to/towards 对……的看法或态度
have/show/take a(n) ...attitude to/towards... 对……持……态度
①Therefore, I hold a positive attitude towards on-line voting.
因此，我对在线投票持积极的态度。
②The majority of the students take/have a positive attitude to/towards their life.
大多数学生对他们的人生持积极的态度。
attitude(态度)和altitude(海拔，高度)只有一个字母之差呦！
be based on 以……为基础；以……为根据
(教材P18)Friendships between girls are usually anchored in shared feelings and support，but friendships between boys are based on shared activities or interests.
女孩之间的友谊通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之间的友谊则以共同的活动或兴趣为基础。
(1)base vt. 以……为根据
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
(2)base n. 基础；基地；根据地
basis n. 基础；基本原则
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
①Based on a true love story，the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.
我们昨天看的以一个真实的爱情故事为基础的电影受到了高度评价。
②Theory is based on/upon practice and in turn serves practice.
理论以实践为基础，反过来又服务于实践。
③He based his opinion on/upon the facts.
他的观点是以事实为基础的。
④The new film is_based_on a novel written by the famous writer，which is very popular.
这部新电影是以这位著名的作者的小说为基础改编的，非常受欢迎。
cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的
(教材P18) A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends.
对于与密友分享情感这件事，男孩会更加谨慎。
(1)be cautious of/about (doing) sth. 谨防/谨慎……
(2)caution n. 细心；谨慎
with caution＝cautiously adv. 仔细地；谨慎地
①As far as I know, he is usually cautious about his work.
据我所知，他通常对他的工作持谨慎态度。
②You should cross a busy street with caution.
＝You should cross a busy street cautiously(cautious)．
穿过一条繁忙的马路时要小心谨慎。
eager adj.热切的，急不可待的
(教材P18)A girl’s closest friend，however，might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life.
而一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地告诉她生活中发生的一些事。
(1)be eager to do... 渴望做……
be eager for... 渴望……
(2)eagerly adv. 渴望地
(3)与be eager to do sth.意义相近的短语：
be anxious to do sth.
be dying to do sth./for sth.
long to do sth./for sth.
①Everyone is very eager to make progress.
每个人都非常迫切地想取得进步。
②He was too eager to_watch(watch) the new TV play.
他迫切想看这部新电视剧。
③Each week I eagerly(eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there.
每周我都急切地数一数我越来越多的到处打零工赚的积蓄。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
我的朋友，工作一直很努力，渴望得到老板的赞许。
(1)My friend，who has been working hard，is_eager_for her boss’s approval.
(2)Eager_for_her_boss’s_approval，my friend has been working hard.(用形容词作状语)
respond vi.做出反应，回应
(教材P18)When asked，they usually hesitate before responding，‘My best friend? I can’t think about that...’
当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下，“最好的朋友？我没有想过这个问题……”
(1)respond to 回答，回应
(2)response n. 反应；回答；响应；答复
make response to 对……作出反应
in response to 作为……的回应
①You have not responded to my request.
＝You have made no response to my request.
你还没有答复我的请求。
②She opened the door in_response_to the knock at the door. 听到敲门声，她打开了门。
③Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond_to it.
收到短信并不意味着你需要回复它。
[基础练习]——单句改错
(1)He said that he was too busy to respond the terrible news.
respond后加to_
(2)The woman decided to give a speech in response for the bad news.
for→to
[能力提升]——一句多译
他对我的建议未作出回应，这使我非常失望。
(3)He made/gave_no_response_to my suggestion，which made me very disappointed.(response)
(4)He didn’t_respond_to my suggestion，which made me very disappointed.(respond)
regardless of 不管；不顾
(教材P18)The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same，regardless of the basis of these friendships.
无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。
①(福建卷)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.
我们的俱乐部对任何人开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。
②At meals，I have to eat whatever is on the plate regardless of the taste.
吃饭的时候，不管味道如何，盘子里有什么我就得吃什么。
③He says what he thinks，regardless of other people’s feelings.
他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。
regardless of
强调“认为……不重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，后可接名词或由whether、what等引导的从句等
in spite of/
despite
“尽管……但是……”之意，后不可接从句，只接名词、动名词作宾语
[巧学活用]——用上述词语完成句子
(1)To be honest，in_spite_of my good preparation，I felt a little nervous when I was entering the exam room.
(2)Regardless_of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
(3)Despite/In_spite_of high prices of the goods，the shopping mall is always attracting a lot of customers for its diverse supplies.
mean vt.意味着；打算 adj.吝啬的
(教材P19)Friendship means not being alone.
友谊意味着不会孤独。
(1)mean to do sth. 打算/想要做某事
mean doing 意味着/意思是
(had) meant to do sth. 原本打算做某事
mean sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be meant for 注定成为，为某人所打造/准备
(2)be mean about 对……吝啬
①His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.
他的出现意味着我有一个意想不到的助教，他会感染给其他学生在课堂上的创造力。
②A terrible sorrow washed over me.Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl.
我的心中涌起一阵悲伤。无论巴蒂是谁，她都是一个卑鄙的人。
[巧学活用]——翻译句中的加线部分
(1)I came to realize what_you_mean.
你的意思
(2)This_means_that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.
这就意味着
(3)I meant_to_give_you_this_book today，but I forgot.
本来打算把这本书给你
(4)I didn’t_mean_to_hurt_you.
无意伤害你
(5)He is_not_meant_for_a_soldier and will always be unhappy in the army.
天生不是当兵的料
(6)The magazine was_meant_for_young_girls.
专门为年轻女孩子设计的
(7)Her husband is_very_mean_about_money.
很吝啬金钱
end up 最后成为，最终处于，结束
(教材P19 )I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room.
最终我回到火车站，在候车室里度过了当天余下的时光。
end up doing sth. 最后做某事(表结果)
end up with sth. 以……结束(表方式)
end up in sth. 以……告终(表结果)
end up as sth. 最终成为
①We were going to go out，but ended up watching TV at home because of rain.
我们本来要出门的，结果后来因为下雨只能在家里看电视了。
②She had always wanted to be a writer but ended up as a teacher.
她立志当作家，但结果当了老师。
③The party ended_up_with a beautiful and unforgettable song.
晚会以一首美妙而难忘的歌曲结束。
rely on 依靠；依赖；指望
(教材P19)Friendship means having someone I can rely on.
友谊意味着有一个人可以依靠。
rely on sb.to do sth. 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on sth.to do sth. 依靠某物做某事
rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望……
rely on it that... 相信……；指望……
①Now that you’ve grown up，you should not rely on your parents.
既然你已长大，就不应当依赖父母了。
②These days，we rely heavily on computers to_organize(organize) our work.
现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来组织安排我们的工作。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
你可以相信你在困难时我会帮助你。
(1)You can rely_on_me_to_help_you when you are in trouble.
(2)You can rely_on_it_that_I_will_help_you when you are in trouble.
(3)You can rely_on_my_helping_you when you are in trouble.
thanks to 多亏，幸亏；由于(通常用于好的方面)
(教材P19)Thanks to her help，I was able to pass the exam.
多亏她的帮助，我才得以通过考试。
(1)表示“因为”的短语还有：because of，due to，owing to，on account of，as a result of等。
(2)上述短语一般在句中只作状语；而due to除了作状语还可作定语或表语，作状语时一般不位于句首。
Thanks to your timely help, we have finally finished it on time.
多亏了你的及时帮助，我们才最终准时完成了这项工作。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)Owing to the bad weather，the plane had to change its course.
(2)As a result of his hard work, he defeated all the competitors.
(3)Because the heavy rain, they didn’t go camping as planned.
在Because后加of
(4)The town was cut off from the rest of the world due for heavy snow.
for→to
committed adj.承担义务的；坚定的；忠诚的；献身于某种事业的；委托的
(教材P19)Friendship means being committed to others.
友谊意味着对他人的承诺。
(1)be committed to (doing)sth. (to是介词)致力于；被交给；
忠于某一立场
be committed to sb. 对某人忠诚
(2)commit vt. 犯罪；把……交托给；
使……承担义务
commit oneself to (doing)sth. 致力于(做)某事
commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/错
commit sb.to the care of 把某人托给……照顾
(3)commitment n. 承诺；保证；信奉；
献身；委任；交押
①They committed many horrible crimes against the people.
他们对人民犯下了很多可怕的罪行。
②He has committed himself to the cause of education.
他已决心献身教育事业。
③But more importantly, we made a commitment(commit) to grow together as a couple.
但更重要的是，我们作出承诺，作为一对夫妇共同成长。
mercy n．宽恕；仁慈
(教材P19)Because I am a friend，I have had to learn patience and mercy.
因为我是一位朋友，我必须学会耐心和宽容。
(1)at the mercy of 在……的掌握中；任凭……的摆布；
完全受……的支配
show mercy to sb.＝have mercy on/upon sb.
对某人表示怜悯(或仁慈)
beg for mercy 祈求怜悯
without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地
it’s a mercy (that) ... 幸运的是……
(2)merciful adj. 仁慈的
merciless adj. 残忍的；无情的
①The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.
残忍的国王惨无人道地杀害了所有囚犯。
②In the past, most of the farmers were at the mercy of nature.
在过去，大多数农民靠天吃饭。
[基础练习]——翻译句中的加线部分
(1)She lifted up her hands to beg_for_mercy.
乞求怜悯
(2)I pray you to show_mercy_to_the_child.
对这孩子仁慈一点
(3)They find themselves at_the_mercy_of_their_boss.
处于老板的掌握中
(4)You must be merciful.You must have_mercy_on_him.
宽恕他
[能力提升]——单句改错
(5)The old man offered some of his food to the beggar out mercy.out后加of
(6)The landlord was mean while his wife had mercy to the girl.to→_on
(教材P7)I have no doubt he will succeed.
我肯定他会成功的。
sb.have no doubt that...“某人确信……”，该句是固定句式，当doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，此时不可以用if替换whether。
(1)There’s no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is (some) doubt whether... 对……持有疑问。
There is doubt about/of sth. 对某事有怀疑。
(2)sb.have no doubt that... 某人确信……
sb.have doubt whether... 某人怀疑是否……
sb.have doubt about sth. 某人对某事有怀疑
(3)in doubt 可怀疑的
①There is no doubt that it is a good chance for us to learn from each other and know more about each other.
毫无疑问，这是我们相互学习，相互了解的一次好机会。
②There is some doubt whether he will be elected president. 他是否能当选总统还有些疑问。
③I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. 我从未怀疑过，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业，更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。
(教材P18)When he comes back three and a half hours later，they’re still sitting on the sofa，continuing the same conversation on the same topic.
当他三个半小时后回来时，她们仍然坐在沙发上，继续聊着同样的话题。
本句的主干是they’re still sitting on the sofa，而continuing the same conversation on the same topic是v.-ing形式在句中充当句子的伴随状语。表示该动作和句中的谓语动词sitting同时进行。现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，翻译时一般译成并列复合句。
(1)现在分词作时间、原因或条件状语时，通常位于句子的前部；作方式、伴随或结果状语时，通常位于句子的后部。
(2)现在分词作状语与其逻辑主语，即句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系；现在分词除可作伴随状语外，还可作原因、时间、结果、条件状语等，通常可以改为相应的从句或并列句。
①Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic and ready to start a new day?
你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？
②People probably cooked their food in large pots，using(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
人们可能用大锅煮熟食物，用树枝搅动它。
③He made the boy sit there，promising(promise) they would not hurt him.
他让那个男孩坐在那儿，保证他们不会伤害他。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
(1)When he was walking along the street，he met his old friend.
→Walking_along_the_street，he met his old friend.
(2)Because she hadn’t received his reply，she decided to write a second letter.
→Not_having_received_his_reply，she decided to write a second letter.
(3)If you see it from the top of the hill，you will find the city more beautiful.
→Seeing_it_from_the_top_of_the_hill，you will find the city more beautiful.
(4)Her parents died in the earthquake，and left her an orphan.
→Her parents died in the earthquake leaving_her_an_orphan．
(教材P18)When asked，they usually hesitate before responding，‘My best friend？...’
当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下：“最好的朋友？……”
本句包含一个省略了的状语从句，句中When asked相当于“When they are asked”。
(1)当although/though，even though，even if，when，until，if，unless，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同，或主语是it，且从句的谓语动词又是含有be的某种形式时，可以省去从句中的主语和be。省略后从句的形式：连词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词。
(2) if构成的其他省略形式： if any 如果有的话； if necessary 需要的话； if so 如果是这样的话； if ever 如果曾经有的话； if not 不这样的话。
①When asked why he did it，the boy kept silent.
当被问及他为什么这样做时，那个男孩就是一言不发。
②(天津卷)Although small，the company has about 1，000 buyers in over 30 countries. 这家公司虽然小，但它在30多个国家有大约1 000个客户。
③Although badly hurt in the accident, the driver was still able to make a phone call.
尽管在车祸中伤得很重，但司机仍能够打电话。
there are some health problems that
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)(浙江卷)There are some health problems that, when not treated(treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.
(2)(江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. If so,_we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
(3)While walked along the river bank, she was singing a pop song with her classmates.
walked→walking
[能力提升]——句式升级
(4)(普通表达)Unless it is necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
(高级表达)Unless_necessary,_you’d better not refer to the dictionary.(省略句)
(5)(普通表达)Please correct mistakes in my composition, if there are any mistakes.
(高级表达)Please correct mistakes in my composition，if_any．(省略句)
(教材P19)When deciding what is most important in life，some people choose money，while others choose things like security and comfort.
当决定什么是人生中最重要的东西时，有些人选择钱，而另外一些人则选择安全性和舒适性之类的东西。
本句中while作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，然而”。
(1)while从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”； while从句中常用延续性动词。
(2)while从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，从句一般位于句首。
①He likes playing basketball，while I like listening to music. 他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
②Tom looked upon the test as an obstacle while his classmates regarded it as a challenge. 汤姆把这次考试视为一个障碍，而他的同学却把它当作一个挑战。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)当他读报纸的时候，他听到有人敲门。
While_he_was_reading_the_newspaper,_he heard someone knock at the door.
(2)虽然我们并不富裕，我们仍然愿意帮助处于困境中的人。
While_we_are_not_rich，we are still willing to help the people in trouble.
(教材P19)However，if I had ended our friendship，we would have both learnt nothing. 但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所获。
本句是虚拟语气，if从句中动词用had done，主句中的动词用would have done，表示与过去不相符合的情况。
if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
类别
用法
例句
与现在
事实相反
从句动词：过去式(be用were)；主句动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If I were 17 again，I would devote more time and energy to achieve my dream.
与过去
事实相反
从句动词：had＋过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
If I had been free yesterday，I would have visited you.
与将来
事实相反
从句动词：过去式/should＋动词原形/were＋不定式；主句动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go camping.
①If it had not been for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。
②I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn’t been wearing one, I would_have_been_injured(injure)．
我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were，should，或had，可将if省略，再把were，should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
品句填词
1．The story has attracted ____________ (全世界的)attention.
答案：worldwide
2．There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot ____________ (克服)．
答案：overcome
3．He continued to talk about his success in business，____________ (不顾) of my feeling.
答案：regardless
4．I knocked on the door and tried to wake up the children，but there was no ____________(回应)at all.
答案：response
5．When asked about his ____________ (态度) towards such a matter，he remained silent.
答案：attitude
6．The merchant is too ____________(吝啬的) to his workers.
答案：mean
单句改错
1．You may rely on that he will come to meet you.____________________
答案：在that前加it
2．We’ll finish the task on time regardless what might happen.____________________
答案：在regardless后加 of
3．At first they hated each other，but they ended up became good friends.____________________
答案：became→becoming
4．He won’t show any evidence unless asking to.____________________
答案：asking→asked
5．Thanks for electronic mail，today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.____________________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．如果你们早一点来，你们会遇上他的。
__________you ____________ earlier，you would have met him.
＝If you ____________________ earlier，you would have met him.
答案：Had；come；had come
2．如果能下雨，庄稼就有救。
____________ it____________，the crops would be saved.
答案：If；rained/Should；rain/Were；to rain
3．我确信你肯定会成功的。
I ____________________________ you will succeed.
答案：have no doubt that /make sure
4．律师全神贯注地听着，尽量不漏掉任何一个要点。
The lawyer listened with full attention，___________________________________________________．
答案：trying not to miss any point
5．有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
Some people waste food ____________________ don’t have enough.
答案：while others
课文语篇改错
Boys’ and girls’ attitudes differ to each other towards friendship.Boys：wonder how girls can talk for so long；cautious about sharing feelings but willing share activities；unable to name a best friend.Girls：talking about almost everything，film stars and recipes including；eager to tell close friends that has happened；having more friendships.They seem to value the same qualities in a friend regardless the basis of these friendships.
What is the much important in life? Different people have different opinions.Some people choose money，while others choose things like security and comfort.Those that choose money as the most important thing may end up lose all his or her friends.Friendship means having someone that you can rely to.It also means being committed to others.As a friend，you have to learn patience and mercy and make an apology when you hurt your friends.Friendship can be found where in a waiting room or on a trolleybus.
答案：
Boys’ and girls’ attitudes differ each other towards friendship.Boys： how girls can talk for so long；cautious about sharing feelings but willing share activities；unable to name a best friend.Girls：talking about almost everything，film stars and recipes ；eager to tell close friends has happened；having more friendships.They seem to value the same qualities in a friend regardless the basis of these friendships.
What is the important in life? Different people have different opinions.Some people choose money，while others choose things like security and comfort.Those choose money as the most important thing may end up all his or her friends.Friendship means having someone that you can rely .It also means being committed to others.As a friend，you have to learn patience and mercy and make an apology when you hurt your friends.Friendship can be found in a waiting room or on a trolleybus.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Although there are lots of difficulties ____________(overcome)，she never lets her problems defeat her.
答案：to overcome
2．Low is a kind-hearted lady with a positive attitude ____________ life because she takes delight in helping others.
答案：to/towards
3．Dad always drives with ____________(cautious)．
答案：caution
4．Mike is eager ____________ (stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
答案：to stay
5．The product was developed in ____________ (respond) to customer demand.
答案：response
6．He said mildly to me that he didn’t mean____________(upset) me.
答案：to upset
7．____________ (commit) to providing better services，the company will provide Net users with all the information they need.
答案：Committed
8．The survivors of the crashed plane had no food or water and were at the ____________ (merciful) of the extremely cold weather.
答案：mercy
9．Advertisements ____________ (base) on these facts have been printed in newspapers and magazines but have not helped much.
答案：based
10．We’ll go shopping regardless____________what the weather might be.
答案：of
阅读理解
A
What’s your opinion about finding good friends? Speaking from my past experience，it is very difficult to find good friends that you can trust but once you have found them，they are worth keeping forever! Therefore，I think friendship is the most important relationship that anybody could have.
The qualities I look for in a friend are a good sense of humor and sensitivity.A friend would have to be strong-minded and highly spirited.I think that these qualities are the key qualities to look for in a good friend.
Even the best friends can still have arguments between themselves，though usually about more serious topics，rather than the usual childish arguments.Some matters can seriously affect friendship.If one of your friends started experimenting with harmful and dangerous drugs，what would you do? A good friend would try to help as much as possible，while a bad example of a friend would simply shrug and turn a blind eye.
Not only the bad things affect friendship—good activities do too，such as bonding with one another，not just by going out on a night with them，but by spending quality time with them and talking to each other.This is a key aspect of a good friendship.
Good friends do not always have to be in the same age group as you.I have a good friend and she is 47 years old and I am 16.
Unfortunately，some people lose contact with their friends as they grow older，which is a sad way to lose a good friend.
I think friendship is one of the most important things in life because if you have no friends you will have no happiness.
【解题导语】 友情是十分重要的，作者十分看重朋友的幽默感和敏感度。即使是好朋友也会有分歧，不仅一些不好的事情会引起分歧，一些好的活动也可能影响友情，而且朋友不一定是相同年纪的。遗憾的是随着年龄的增长一些人会失去朋友。
1．According to the author，true friendship ________．
A．is easy to get
B．needs management
C．deepens with time
D．affects one’s happiness
B 解析：细节理解题。首先从第二段中I think that these qualities are the key qualities to look for in a good friend.可看出找好朋友需要看对方的品德；其次根据第三段中当出现分歧时，要合理解决，由此可知一段好的友情是需要经营的，故选B。
2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________．
A．why drugs are bad for teenagers
B．whether a friend is reliable
C．ways that help avoid arguments
D．problems that will test friendship
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中Some matters can seriously affect friendship.可知一些问题会影响友情，故选D。
3．According to the author，which matters least in friendship?
A．Confidence. B．Age.
C．Sense of humor. D．Communication.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中Good friends do not always have to be in the same age group as you.可知年龄在友谊中不重要，故选B。
4．Which of the following sayings can match the author’s view on friendship?
A．Old friends and old wines are best.
B．A friend without faults will never be found.
C．A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
D．A life without a friend is a life without sunshine.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句I think friendship is one of the most important things in life because if you have no friends you will have no happiness.可知作者认为友情十分重要，故选D。
B
Last summer I got a real taste of Swiss life when I spent six weeks with a host family in the Bernese Alps. After much preparation, my departure(出发) time finally arrived. Needless to say, I was pretty nervous. All I knew about my host family was that it consisted of two parents and three kids: an 18-year-old girl and two boys. I knew I was staying in a place called Erlenbach in central Switzerland. Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.
My host father picked me up at the train station and drove me to Erlenbach, a beautiful mountain village. One of the best things about living with a host family was that I was not feeling like a tourist. I wasn’t traveling around Europe, seeing the major sights; I was absorbed in a different culture. I participated in my family’s day-to-day activities, whether helping pick berries in the garden or going to friends’ houses.
While many aspects of the Swiss culture are similar to America’s, there are lots of differences, too. Probably my biggest shock was the language. I expected the Swiss to speak German, but they speak a dialect called Swiss German, which has hardly anything in common with German. I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other. At times I was very frustrated, but I reminded myself that I was in Switzerland, and then my bad mood disappeared. I enjoyed every minute of my stay here above the clouds. I became more independent as a result of my six-week stay.
Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding. I still keep in touch with my host family via email. I hope to return and stay with them for a year, which they have encouraged me to do. When I left, I promised I would return to Erlenbach.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了作者在瑞士寄宿家庭生活的难忘经历。
5．Why was the author nervous about his leaving for Switzerland?
A．What would happen in Switzerland remains unknown.
B．He was not familiar with his host family.
C．It was the first time he had gone abroad.
D．He hadn’t prepared well enough.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.”可知，作者对瑞士的了解仅限于从书本上的一点知识，而接下来会发生些什么还不知道，所以在出发前作者很忐忑。
6．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．some unforgettable activities in his host family
B．the author’s traveling experience in Europe
C．the advantages of living in a host family
D．some well-known attractions in Europe
C 解析：段落大意题。本段主要告诉我们寄宿家庭给作者带来的好处，也就是寄宿家庭的优势。
7．What made the author feel frustrated in Switzerland?
A．He couldn’t communicate with the host family well.
B．He couldn’t speak German as his second language.
C．He was not independent enough.
D．He had no new friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Probably my biggest shock was the language.”以及“I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other.”可知，作者在瑞士因为语言问题无法与寄宿家庭很好地交流。
8．How does the author find his life in Switzerland?
A．Difficult. B．Boring.
C．Exciting. D．Satisfying.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding.”可知，作者对于自己在瑞士的生活是非常满意的。
语法填空
When I was 8 years old, my best friend gave me a copy of this book and told me that I might find it interesting.He could not have been more right, for I 1.____________(absorb) in the book immediately and I finished it in a matter of three days.To me 2.____________ was a miracle(奇迹)to finish a book so 3.____________(quick) at that age! I found that the book was 4.____________ great benefit and entertaining at the same time.The author, Mr.Dale Carnegie, didn’t introduce a principle or an idea without 5.____________(support) it with at least one real life story where the principle 6.____________(introduce) was proved helpful.After that point I noticed a great, almost immediate, effect on my 7.____________(behave) as I was growing up.I noticed that I was getting along better with my parents and teachers，8.____________(much) popular at school, and I even began to understand people much better 9.____________ before.I grew up believing that this book was one of the 10.____________(great) factors involved in shaping my character.
【解题导语】 有一本书对作者影响很大，作者认为这本书是塑造自己性格最主要的因素之一。
1．was absorbed 解析： 考查谓语动词时态、语态。absorb与句子主语I为被动关系。be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于；文章为一般过去时，故填was absorbed。
2．it 解析： 考查代词。it在此处为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to finish a book ...，故填it。
3．quickly 解析： 考查副词。所填词修饰动词finish，因此需要用副词，故填quickly。
4．of 解析： 考查介词。此处为“of＋抽象名词”相当于形容词的用法，of great benefit 表示“非常有益”，故填of。
5．supporting 解析： 考查非谓语动词。介词without后接动名词作宾语，故填supporting。
6．introduced 解析： 考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，principle与introduce之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式，故填introduced。
7．behavior 解析： 考查名词。my是形容词性物主代词，用来修饰名词，因此应该将behave变为名词，故填behavior。
8．more 解析： 考查比较级。根据上下文提示，此处popular应用比较级形式，故填more。
9．than 解析： 考查连词。空格前有提示词better，than before表示“比以前更……”，故填than。
10．greatest 解析： 考查形容词。one of之后名词用形容词最高级修饰，表示“最……之一”，故填greatest。
B卷
阅读理解
In 1997, Mary gave a present of $500，000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.She wanted to help poor students.It was a very generous thing to do.But her friends and neighbors were surprised.Mary was a good woman.She went to church.She was always friendly and helpful.But everyone in her town knew that Mary was not rich.In fact, she was poor.
How did a poor 89-year-old woman have so much money? Mary was born in 1908 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.She took a job washing clothes.She earned only a few dollars a day.She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.She did this for nearly 80 years.In the 1960s, she bought an automatic washer and dryer.But she gave them away.She did not think they got the clothes clean enough！At that time, many people started to buy their own washers and dryers.Mary did not have much work, so she started to iron clothes instead.
Mary never married nor had children.Her life was very simple.She went to work and to church.She read her Bible.She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.
Mary saved money all her life and eventually had about $800，000.When she was 89, a lawyer helped her make a will.She left the money to the church, her relatives and the university.Mary wanted to help others.She did not think she was a special person.But then people found out about her present to the university.She received many honors.She even flew in an airplane for the first time！Mary died in 1999.She was a shy and ordinary woman who became famous.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一位非常勤劳非常慷慨有爱心的老人——Mary。
1．Mary gave $500，000 to the University of Southern Mississippi__________．
A．to surprise her friends and neighbors
B．to help the poor students
C．to prove she was a rich woman
D．to show her generosity
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的In 1997, Mary gave a present of $500, 000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.She wanted to help poor students.可知，Mary是为了帮助穷学生。
2．From the passage we can learn that__________．
A．Mary left school young to help support her family
B．Mary’s parents asked her to wash clothes for others
C．an automatic washer and dryer were too expensive for her
D．Mary started to iron clothes because she didn’t get other skills
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.可知，她早早辍学是为了赚钱养家。
3．Which of the following tells us Mary lived a very simple life?
A．She went to the church every day with friends.
B．She didn’t like others to buy an automatic washer.
C．She didn’t have much work to do.
D．She only had a black-and-white television with one channel.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.可知，她只有一台有一个频道的黑白电视机。
4．What kind of person is Mary according to the passage?
A．Rich and friendly.
B．Hard-working and helpful.
C．Well-educated and special.
D．Poor and silly.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的 She was always friendly and helpful.和She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.可知，Mary是一个勤劳的乐于助人的人。
完形填空
Fifty years ago, my father came to Kansas, where he was getting his Doctor’s degree. Six months later, my mother __1__ with the three of us — my sister, my brother and me. We were just two, four and five years old. In the first winter, we had __2__ heavy coats, and my father would walk down this big hill every day to take my sister and brother to __3__. After about two weeks, a woman with her son who obviously was in my sister’s first-grade class started __4__ them. On one very snowy day when they weren’t dressed __5__ enough for the weather, she __6__ and said, “I see you __7__ every day. Can I take your children to school? Would you like a __8__？”
My dad responded, “Yes, that’d be great.” Then they jumped in the warm car, and she __9__ doing this every day since that day. Her name was Valerie. And this family just became so __10__ to my family. She’d give my mother rides to go grocery shopping, and my mother __11__ to cook Indian food for her. There were just all these little __12__ between our families.
At the first Christmas, my brother won their class Christmas __13__ and took it home. But we were unfamiliar with the __14__ about it. Then on Christmas Eve Valerie came with __15__ to fill the space under the tree! When we woke up, it was just __16__！ Even today, the stockings(长袜) Valerie gave are still displayed(陈列) in our house!
I just learned today that she passed away yesterday. Over the __17__， our families kept in __18__， but we didn’t see each other all that often. However, the emotional connection always remained __19__. We’re just really __20__ for whatever our families exchanged and enjoyed over the years!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家初到新地方生活，生活困难，受到了邻居的帮助，并且两家人成了好朋友。
1．A.sat B．showed
C．came D．stayed
C 解析：根据下文内容可知，“我”父亲先到了堪萨斯州，六个月后其他家人也跟着过来了。
2．A.enough B．few
C．several D．nice
B 解析：根据下文在大雪天气邻居对父亲的帮助可推知，“我们”没有带足够的厚衣服。
3．A.restaurant B．play
C．shop D．school
D 解析：根据下文的“Can I take your children to school？”可知答案。
4．A.approaching B．blaming
C．noticing D．liking
C 解析：根据后面她与父亲的对话可推知，她注意到了父亲三人。
5．A.properly B．warmly
C．formally D．heavily
B 解析：根据下文的对话可知，她看到父亲三人在这种大雪天气没有穿足够保暖的衣服，所以她停下来询问。
6．A.gave up B．laughed
C．cheered up D．stopped
D 解析：参考上题解析。
7．A.walking B．running
C．travelling D．studying
A 解析：根据上文的“walk down this big hill”可知，此处是指步行。
8．A.ride B．trip
C．chair D．reward
A 解析：根据第二段的“Then they jumped in the warm car”可知，她想让父亲三人搭便车，并且从那天开始，她天天都这样做。
9．A.enjoyed B．tried
C．started D．considered
C 解析：参考上题解析。
10．A.meaningful B．dear
C．respectful D．important
B 解析：根据空后内容可知，从此她一家人对“我们”一家人特别亲近。
11．A.agreed B．intended
C．demanded D．loved
D 解析：她陪母亲购物，母亲喜欢帮她做印度菜。
12．A.exchanges B．links
C．similarities D．differences
A 解析：根据空前内容可知，此处指两家之间的交换。
13．A.party B．dinner
C．tree D．light
C 解析：根据下文的“under the tree”可知，此处是指圣诞树。
14．A.award B．custom
C．concern D．story
B 解析：作者一家初来美国，所以不知道圣诞节的风俗。
15．A.opinions B．solutions
C．donations D．gifts
D 解析：根据下文的“stockings(长袜) Valerie gave”可知，Valerie在圣诞前夜给“我们”带来了礼物。当“我们”醒来看见礼物，是不可思议的。
16．A.unbelievable B．interesting
C．expensive D．unique
A 解析：参考上题解析。
17．A.months B．years
C．weeks D．days
B 解析：根据第一段“Fifty years ago”以及下文的“over the years”可知，此处是指多年以来，“我”家人和他们都保持联系。
18．A.practice B．silence
C．mind D．touch
D 解析：参考上题解析。
19．A.strong B．clear
C．direct D．casual
A 解析：根据该句中的However转折可知，虽然没有经常见面，但是感情还依然很深。
20．A.suitable B．famous
C．grateful D．honored
C 解析：根据空后“families exchanged and enjoyed”可知，此处是指感激之情。
短文改错
Last week，I met a stranger who seemed to be losing.I offered to guide him to a place he wanted to go to，but to my surprise，he refused my offer to helping.I asked him why not.He told me that he was afraid I would ask him money if I helped him in this way.Then I fell into deep thoughts: Was it money which came between us? I agree that money is become more and more important in our society，and it should not be everything.We should try my best to help others and trust each other.If everyone does this，our society will be better and better.
答案：
Last week，I met a stranger who seemed to be .I offered to guide him to place he wanted to go to，but to my surprise，he refused my offer to .I asked him why .He told me that he was afraid I would ask him money if I helped him in this way.Then I fell into deep ： Was it money came between us? I agree that money is more and more important in our society， it should not be everything.We should try best to help others and trust each other.If everyone does this，our society will be better and better.
课件120张PPT。Unit 1 Getting along with others本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
品句填词
1．The story has attracted ____________ (全世界的)attention.
答案：worldwide
2．There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot ____________ (克服)．
答案：overcome
3．He continued to talk about his success in business，____________ (不顾) of my feeling.
答案：regardless
4．I knocked on the door and tried to wake up the children，but there was no ____________(回应)at all.
答案：response
5．When asked about his ____________ (态度) towards such a matter，he remained silent.
答案：attitude
6．The merchant is too ____________(吝啬的) to his workers.
答案：mean
单句改错
1．You may rely on that he will come to meet you.____________________
答案：在that前加it
2．We’ll finish the task on time regardless what might happen.____________________
答案：在regardless后加 of
3．At first they hated each other，but they ended up became good friends.____________________
答案：became→becoming
4．He won’t show any evidence unless asking to.____________________
答案：asking→asked
5．Thanks for electronic mail，today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.____________________
答案：for→to
完成句子
1．如果你们早一点来，你们会遇上他的。
__________you ____________ earlier，you would have met him.
＝If you ____________________ earlier，you would have met him.
答案：Had；come；had come
2．如果能下雨，庄稼就有救。
____________ it____________，the crops would be saved.
答案：If；rained/Should；rain/Were；to rain
3．我确信你肯定会成功的。
I ____________________________ you will succeed.
答案：have no doubt that /make sure
4．律师全神贯注地听着，尽量不漏掉任何一个要点。
The lawyer listened with full attention，___________________________________________________．
答案：trying not to miss any point
5．有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
Some people waste food ____________________ don’t have enough.
答案：while others
课文语篇改错
Boys’ and girls’ attitudes differ to each other towards friendship.Boys：wonder how girls can talk for so long；cautious about sharing feelings but willing share activities；unable to name a best friend.Girls：talking about almost everything，film stars and recipes including；eager to tell close friends that has happened；having more friendships.They seem to value the same qualities in a friend regardless the basis of these friendships.
What is the much important in life? Different people have different opinions.Some people choose money，while others choose things like security and comfort.Those that choose money as the most important thing may end up lose all his or her friends.Friendship means having someone that you can rely to.It also means being committed to others.As a friend，you have to learn patience and mercy and make an apology when you hurt your friends.Friendship can be found where in a waiting room or on a trolleybus.
答案：
Boys’ and girls’ attitudes differ each other towards friendship.Boys： how girls can talk for so long；cautious about sharing feelings but willing share activities；unable to name a best friend.Girls：talking about almost everything，film stars and recipes ；eager to tell close friends has happened；having more friendships.They seem to value the same qualities in a friend regardless the basis of these friendships.
What is the important in life? Different people have different opinions.Some people choose money，while others choose things like security and comfort.Those choose money as the most important thing may end up all his or her friends.Friendship means having someone that you can rely .It also means being committed to others.As a friend，you have to learn patience and mercy and make an apology when you hurt your friends.Friendship can be found in a waiting room or on a trolleybus.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Although there are lots of difficulties ____________(overcome)，she never lets her problems defeat her.
答案：to overcome
2．Low is a kind-hearted lady with a positive attitude ____________ life because she takes delight in helping others.
答案：to/towards
3．Dad always drives with ____________(cautious)．
答案：caution
4．Mike is eager ____________ (stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
答案：to stay
5．The product was developed in ____________ (respond) to customer demand.
答案：response
6．He said mildly to me that he didn’t mean____________(upset) me.
答案：to upset
7．____________ (commit) to providing better services，the company will provide Net users with all the information they need.
答案：Committed
8．The survivors of the crashed plane had no food or water and were at the ____________ (merciful) of the extremely cold weather.
答案：mercy
9．Advertisements ____________ (base) on these facts have been printed in newspapers and magazines but have not helped much.
答案：based
10．We’ll go shopping regardless____________what the weather might be.
答案：of
阅读理解
A
What’s your opinion about finding good friends? Speaking from my past experience，it is very difficult to find good friends that you can trust but once you have found them，they are worth keeping forever! Therefore，I think friendship is the most important relationship that anybody could have.
The qualities I look for in a friend are a good sense of humor and sensitivity.A friend would have to be strong-minded and highly spirited.I think that these qualities are the key qualities to look for in a good friend.
Even the best friends can still have arguments between themselves，though usually about more serious topics，rather than the usual childish arguments.Some matters can seriously affect friendship.If one of your friends started experimenting with harmful and dangerous drugs，what would you do? A good friend would try to help as much as possible，while a bad example of a friend would simply shrug and turn a blind eye.
Not only the bad things affect friendship—good activities do too，such as bonding with one another，not just by going out on a night with them，but by spending quality time with them and talking to each other.This is a key aspect of a good friendship.
Good friends do not always have to be in the same age group as you.I have a good friend and she is 47 years old and I am 16.
Unfortunately，some people lose contact with their friends as they grow older，which is a sad way to lose a good friend.
I think friendship is one of the most important things in life because if you have no friends you will have no happiness.
【解题导语】 友情是十分重要的，作者十分看重朋友的幽默感和敏感度。即使是好朋友也会有分歧，不仅一些不好的事情会引起分歧，一些好的活动也可能影响友情，而且朋友不一定是相同年纪的。遗憾的是随着年龄的增长一些人会失去朋友。
1．According to the author，true friendship ________．
A．is easy to get
B．needs management
C．deepens with time
D．affects one’s happiness
B 解析：细节理解题。首先从第二段中I think that these qualities are the key qualities to look for in a good friend.可看出找好朋友需要看对方的品德；其次根据第三段中当出现分歧时，要合理解决，由此可知一段好的友情是需要经营的，故选B。
2．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________．
A．why drugs are bad for teenagers
B．whether a friend is reliable
C．ways that help avoid arguments
D．problems that will test friendship
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中Some matters can seriously affect friendship.可知一些问题会影响友情，故选D。
3．According to the author，which matters least in friendship?
A．Confidence. B．Age.
C．Sense of humor. D．Communication.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中Good friends do not always have to be in the same age group as you.可知年龄在友谊中不重要，故选B。
4．Which of the following sayings can match the author’s view on friendship?
A．Old friends and old wines are best.
B．A friend without faults will never be found.
C．A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
D．A life without a friend is a life without sunshine.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句I think friendship is one of the most important things in life because if you have no friends you will have no happiness.可知作者认为友情十分重要，故选D。
B
Last summer I got a real taste of Swiss life when I spent six weeks with a host family in the Bernese Alps. After much preparation, my departure(出发) time finally arrived. Needless to say, I was pretty nervous. All I knew about my host family was that it consisted of two parents and three kids: an 18-year-old girl and two boys. I knew I was staying in a place called Erlenbach in central Switzerland. Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.
My host father picked me up at the train station and drove me to Erlenbach, a beautiful mountain village. One of the best things about living with a host family was that I was not feeling like a tourist. I wasn’t traveling around Europe, seeing the major sights; I was absorbed in a different culture. I participated in my family’s day-to-day activities, whether helping pick berries in the garden or going to friends’ houses.
While many aspects of the Swiss culture are similar to America’s, there are lots of differences, too. Probably my biggest shock was the language. I expected the Swiss to speak German, but they speak a dialect called Swiss German, which has hardly anything in common with German. I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other. At times I was very frustrated, but I reminded myself that I was in Switzerland, and then my bad mood disappeared. I enjoyed every minute of my stay here above the clouds. I became more independent as a result of my six-week stay.
Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding. I still keep in touch with my host family via email. I hope to return and stay with them for a year, which they have encouraged me to do. When I left, I promised I would return to Erlenbach.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了作者在瑞士寄宿家庭生活的难忘经历。
5．Why was the author nervous about his leaving for Switzerland?
A．What would happen in Switzerland remains unknown.
B．He was not familiar with his host family.
C．It was the first time he had gone abroad.
D．He hadn’t prepared well enough.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Although I had read about Switzerland, I really didn’t know what to expect.”可知，作者对瑞士的了解仅限于从书本上的一点知识，而接下来会发生些什么还不知道，所以在出发前作者很忐忑。
6．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________．
A．some unforgettable activities in his host family
B．the author’s traveling experience in Europe
C．the advantages of living in a host family
D．some well-known attractions in Europe
C 解析：段落大意题。本段主要告诉我们寄宿家庭给作者带来的好处，也就是寄宿家庭的优势。
7．What made the author feel frustrated in Switzerland?
A．He couldn’t communicate with the host family well.
B．He couldn’t speak German as his second language.
C．He was not independent enough.
D．He had no new friends.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Probably my biggest shock was the language.”以及“I couldn’t understand when my host family talked to each other.”可知，作者在瑞士因为语言问题无法与寄宿家庭很好地交流。
8．How does the author find his life in Switzerland?
A．Difficult. B．Boring.
C．Exciting. D．Satisfying.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Signing up for a cultural exchange is probably the biggest risk I have ever taken, but it is also the most rewarding.”可知，作者对于自己在瑞士的生活是非常满意的。
语法填空
When I was 8 years old, my best friend gave me a copy of this book and told me that I might find it interesting.He could not have been more right, for I 1.____________(absorb) in the book immediately and I finished it in a matter of three days.To me 2.____________ was a miracle(奇迹)to finish a book so 3.____________(quick) at that age! I found that the book was 4.____________ great benefit and entertaining at the same time.The author, Mr.Dale Carnegie, didn’t introduce a principle or an idea without 5.____________(support) it with at least one real life story where the principle 6.____________(introduce) was proved helpful.After that point I noticed a great, almost immediate, effect on my 7.____________(behave) as I was growing up.I noticed that I was getting along better with my parents and teachers，8.____________(much) popular at school, and I even began to understand people much better 9.____________ before.I grew up believing that this book was one of the 10.____________(great) factors involved in shaping my character.
【解题导语】 有一本书对作者影响很大，作者认为这本书是塑造自己性格最主要的因素之一。
1．was absorbed 解析： 考查谓语动词时态、语态。absorb与句子主语I为被动关系。be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于；文章为一般过去时，故填was absorbed。
2．it 解析： 考查代词。it在此处为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to finish a book ...，故填it。
3．quickly 解析： 考查副词。所填词修饰动词finish，因此需要用副词，故填quickly。
4．of 解析： 考查介词。此处为“of＋抽象名词”相当于形容词的用法，of great benefit 表示“非常有益”，故填of。
5．supporting 解析： 考查非谓语动词。介词without后接动名词作宾语，故填supporting。
6．introduced 解析： 考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，principle与introduce之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式，故填introduced。
7．behavior 解析： 考查名词。my是形容词性物主代词，用来修饰名词，因此应该将behave变为名词，故填behavior。
8．more 解析： 考查比较级。根据上下文提示，此处popular应用比较级形式，故填more。
9．than 解析： 考查连词。空格前有提示词better，than before表示“比以前更……”，故填than。
10．greatest 解析： 考查形容词。one of之后名词用形容词最高级修饰，表示“最……之一”，故填greatest。
B卷
阅读理解
In 1997, Mary gave a present of $500，000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.She wanted to help poor students.It was a very generous thing to do.But her friends and neighbors were surprised.Mary was a good woman.She went to church.She was always friendly and helpful.But everyone in her town knew that Mary was not rich.In fact, she was poor.
How did a poor 89-year-old woman have so much money? Mary was born in 1908 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.She took a job washing clothes.She earned only a few dollars a day.She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.She did this for nearly 80 years.In the 1960s, she bought an automatic washer and dryer.But she gave them away.She did not think they got the clothes clean enough！At that time, many people started to buy their own washers and dryers.Mary did not have much work, so she started to iron clothes instead.
Mary never married nor had children.Her life was very simple.She went to work and to church.She read her Bible.She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.
Mary saved money all her life and eventually had about $800，000.When she was 89, a lawyer helped her make a will.She left the money to the church, her relatives and the university.Mary wanted to help others.She did not think she was a special person.But then people found out about her present to the university.She received many honors.She even flew in an airplane for the first time！Mary died in 1999.She was a shy and ordinary woman who became famous.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一位非常勤劳非常慷慨有爱心的老人——Mary。
1．Mary gave $500，000 to the University of Southern Mississippi__________．
A．to surprise her friends and neighbors
B．to help the poor students
C．to prove she was a rich woman
D．to show her generosity
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的In 1997, Mary gave a present of $500, 000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.She wanted to help poor students.可知，Mary是为了帮助穷学生。
2．From the passage we can learn that__________．
A．Mary left school young to help support her family
B．Mary’s parents asked her to wash clothes for others
C．an automatic washer and dryer were too expensive for her
D．Mary started to iron clothes because she didn’t get other skills
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.可知，她早早辍学是为了赚钱养家。
3．Which of the following tells us Mary lived a very simple life?
A．She went to the church every day with friends.
B．She didn’t like others to buy an automatic washer.
C．She didn’t have much work to do.
D．She only had a black-and-white television with one channel.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的 She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.可知，她只有一台有一个频道的黑白电视机。
4．What kind of person is Mary according to the passage?
A．Rich and friendly.
B．Hard-working and helpful.
C．Well-educated and special.
D．Poor and silly.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中的 She was always friendly and helpful.和She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.可知，Mary是一个勤劳的乐于助人的人。
完形填空
Fifty years ago, my father came to Kansas, where he was getting his Doctor’s degree. Six months later, my mother __1__ with the three of us — my sister, my brother and me. We were just two, four and five years old. In the first winter, we had __2__ heavy coats, and my father would walk down this big hill every day to take my sister and brother to __3__. After about two weeks, a woman with her son who obviously was in my sister’s first-grade class started __4__ them. On one very snowy day when they weren’t dressed __5__ enough for the weather, she __6__ and said, “I see you __7__ every day. Can I take your children to school? Would you like a __8__？”
My dad responded, “Yes, that’d be great.” Then they jumped in the warm car, and she __9__ doing this every day since that day. Her name was Valerie. And this family just became so __10__ to my family. She’d give my mother rides to go grocery shopping, and my mother __11__ to cook Indian food for her. There were just all these little __12__ between our families.
At the first Christmas, my brother won their class Christmas __13__ and took it home. But we were unfamiliar with the __14__ about it. Then on Christmas Eve Valerie came with __15__ to fill the space under the tree! When we woke up, it was just __16__！ Even today, the stockings(长袜) Valerie gave are still displayed(陈列) in our house!
I just learned today that she passed away yesterday. Over the __17__， our families kept in __18__， but we didn’t see each other all that often. However, the emotional connection always remained __19__. We’re just really __20__ for whatever our families exchanged and enjoyed over the years!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家初到新地方生活，生活困难，受到了邻居的帮助，并且两家人成了好朋友。
1．A.sat B．showed
C．came D．stayed
C 解析：根据下文内容可知，“我”父亲先到了堪萨斯州，六个月后其他家人也跟着过来了。
2．A.enough B．few
C．several D．nice
B 解析：根据下文在大雪天气邻居对父亲的帮助可推知，“我们”没有带足够的厚衣服。
3．A.restaurant B．play
C．shop D．school
D 解析：根据下文的“Can I take your children to school？”可知答案。
4．A.approaching B．blaming
C．noticing D．liking
C 解析：根据后面她与父亲的对话可推知，她注意到了父亲三人。
5．A.properly B．warmly
C．formally D．heavily
B 解析：根据下文的对话可知，她看到父亲三人在这种大雪天气没有穿足够保暖的衣服，所以她停下来询问。
6．A.gave up B．laughed
C．cheered up D．stopped
D 解析：参考上题解析。
7．A.walking B．running
C．travelling D．studying
A 解析：根据上文的“walk down this big hill”可知，此处是指步行。
8．A.ride B．trip
C．chair D．reward
A 解析：根据第二段的“Then they jumped in the warm car”可知，她想让父亲三人搭便车，并且从那天开始，她天天都这样做。
9．A.enjoyed B．tried
C．started D．considered
C 解析：参考上题解析。
10．A.meaningful B．dear
C．respectful D．important
B 解析：根据空后内容可知，从此她一家人对“我们”一家人特别亲近。
11．A.agreed B．intended
C．demanded D．loved
D 解析：她陪母亲购物，母亲喜欢帮她做印度菜。
12．A.exchanges B．links
C．similarities D．differences
A 解析：根据空前内容可知，此处指两家之间的交换。
13．A.party B．dinner
C．tree D．light
C 解析：根据下文的“under the tree”可知，此处是指圣诞树。
14．A.award B．custom
C．concern D．story
B 解析：作者一家初来美国，所以不知道圣诞节的风俗。
15．A.opinions B．solutions
C．donations D．gifts
D 解析：根据下文的“stockings(长袜) Valerie gave”可知，Valerie在圣诞前夜给“我们”带来了礼物。当“我们”醒来看见礼物，是不可思议的。
16．A.unbelievable B．interesting
C．expensive D．unique
A 解析：参考上题解析。
17．A.months B．years
C．weeks D．days
B 解析：根据第一段“Fifty years ago”以及下文的“over the years”可知，此处是指多年以来，“我”家人和他们都保持联系。
18．A.practice B．silence
C．mind D．touch
D 解析：参考上题解析。
19．A.strong B．clear
C．direct D．casual
A 解析：根据该句中的However转折可知，虽然没有经常见面，但是感情还依然很深。
20．A.suitable B．famous
C．grateful D．honored
C 解析：根据空后“families exchanged and enjoyed”可知，此处是指感激之情。
短文改错
Last week，I met a stranger who seemed to be losing.I offered to guide him to a place he wanted to go to，but to my surprise，he refused my offer to helping.I asked him why not.He told me that he was afraid I would ask him money if I helped him in this way.Then I fell into deep thoughts: Was it money which came between us? I agree that money is become more and more important in our society，and it should not be everything.We should try my best to help others and trust each other.If everyone does this，our society will be better and better.
答案：
Last week，I met a stranger who seemed to be .I offered to guide him to place he wanted to go to，but to my surprise，he refused my offer to .I asked him why .He told me that he was afraid I would ask him money if I helped him in this way.Then I fell into deep ： Was it money came between us? I agree that money is more and more important in our society， it should not be everything.We should try best to help others and trust each other.If everyone does this，our society will be better and better.
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
Ⅰ.动词不定式
一、概念及构成
不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to＋动词原形”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、宾补、状语、表语、定语和独立成分，但不能单独作谓语。现以动词do为例，将不定式的时态和语态列表如下：
语态
时态
主动
被动
一般式
to do
to be done
进行式
to be doing
/
完成式
to have done
to have been done
完成进行式
to have been doing
/
二、不定式的时态和语态
1．不定式的时态
(1)不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生，不定式用一般式。
Tell her we shall be delighted to come.
告诉她我们会很高兴来的。(同时发生)
We want to visit an advanced worker.
我们想去访问一位先进工作者。(之后发生)
(2)不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词之前，不定式用完成式。
Robert is said to have studied abroad，but I don’t know which country he studied in. 据说罗伯特在国外学习过，但我不知道他是在哪个国家学习的。
(3)不定式所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，并且强调动作正在进行，不定式用进行式。
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.
我们没有想到你会在这儿等我们。
(4)若强调不定式所表示的动作先于谓语所表示的动作发生，且该动作一直在进行，不定式用完成进行式。
He is said to have been working there for more than twenty years. 据说，他已在那儿工作20多年了。
对接高考
①(江西卷)He is thought ____________(act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。
to have acted 解析：sb.be thought to...“某人被认为……”；如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。根据句意可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。
②(江西卷)Having finished her project，she was invited by the school ____________(speak) to the new students.
完成这个研究项目以后，她受学校邀请向新生讲话。
to speak 解析：invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事。
2．不定式的语态
(1)不定式的语态，往往取决于句意，即意思上为主动就用主动形式，意思上为被动就用被动形式。
I’m pleased to have been given this opportunity.
我很高兴得到了这次机会。
(2)不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。
I have got a letter to write. 我有一封信要写。
He needs a room to live in. 他需要一个房间住。
(3)作表语形容词的状语的不定式和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式。
He is hard to talk to. 和他说话很难。
对接高考
③She arranged for a flight on a small plane ____________(hold)for me，re-routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
她安排我乘坐一架小型飞机改道经纽瓦克甚至比原计划更早回到了英国。
to be held 解析：不定式to do 表示主动或者将要发生的动作。根据句子结构可知小飞机是被安排的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。
④(四川卷)The airport____________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
明年竣工的飞机场将有助于促进该地旅游业的发展。
to be completed 解析：complete与airport之间是动宾关系，又由题中的关键信息next year可知此处需用动词不定式的被动形式to be completed，表示将要发生的被动动作。
3．不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是在to前面加not，有时表强调也用never。
She decided not to be late again. 她决定不再迟到了。
He promised never to make such a stupid mistake.
他许诺不再犯这样蠢的错误。
三、不定式的句法功能
1．作主语
To finish the work today is not easy.
今天做完这个工作不容易。
不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，常用于下列句式中：
(1)It＋be＋名词＋to do
It’s our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾老人是我们的职责。
(2)It takes sb.＋some time＋to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
完成这个工作花费你多长时间？
(3)It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
在15分钟内完成这篇作文对于我们来说是很困难的。
(4)It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋to do
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.
你记下老师说的全部内容太愚蠢。
(5)It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do
It seems impossible to save money.
省钱看上去是不可能的。
在句型(3)中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary 等。在句型(4)中，常用careless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，nice，right，silly，stupid，wise等表示赞扬或批评的词；在不定式前的sb.，可看作其逻辑主语，这一句式有时相当于sb.is＋形容词＋to do句式。
对接高考
⑤(山东卷)It’s standard practice for a company like this one____________(employ) a security officer.
对于像这样的公司雇佣保安是非常标准的做法。
to employ 解析：此处为It be＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.句式，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语。
⑥(浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it’s better ____________(remain) silent.
不论一个健谈者多么聪明，有些时候最好还是保持沉默。
to remain 解析：it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。复合句中when引导的从句的主语为形式主语it，此时真正的主语可以为主语从句或不定式。
2．作宾语
(1)常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：
afford，agree，ask，beg，choose，decide，demand，desire，determine，expect，fail，help，hope，learn，manage，offer，plan，pretend，promise，refuse，want，wish，would like/love等。
The guests promised to come early.
客人们答应早点来。
(2)不定式作宾语后跟宾语补足语时，常把不定式后移而代之以形式宾语it，常见句式：think/believe/consider/find/feel等＋it ＋adj./n.＋不定式。
I think it necessary to send for an expert.
我认为请位专家来是有必要的。
(3)介词but，except，besides ＋ to do(do)句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，不带do带to。如：
The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.
敌人没有别的选择只有投降。
对接高考
⑦(安徽卷)I remembered____________(lock) the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.
离开办公室前我记着锁门了，却忘了关灯。
to lock 解析：remember“记得；记着”，后接动名词和动词不定式意义不同，前者意味着动作先于remember发生，后者意味着动作没有发生或者后于remember发生。根据语境，lock的动作后于remember，是“记得去做某事”，而不是“记得曾经做过某事”。
3．作宾语补足语或主语补足语
(1)常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词词组有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，intend，invite，like，love，order，persuade，prefer，request，require，teach，remind，tell，want，warn，wish，call on，depend on，wait for等。
Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
The officer ordered his men to fire.
长官命令士兵开火。
(2)常接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词词组有：一感(feel)，二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，let，make)，五看(look at，notice，observe，see，watch)，半帮助(help后的宾语补足语可以带to也可以不带to)。但是这些句子变成被动语态时，须带上to。
I often hear him sing the song.
＝He is often heard to sing the song (by me)．
我经常听他唱这首歌。
对接高考
⑧(陕西卷)Let those in need____________(understand) that we will go all out to help them.
要让那些生活困难的人们相信我们会全力以赴帮助他们的。
understand 解析：let是使役动词，其后作宾补的动词不定式要省略to。
⑨(上海卷)As Jack left his membership card at home，he wasn’t allowed ____________(go) into the sports club.
由于杰克把会员卡忘在家里了，他不被允许进入体育俱乐部。
to go 解析：考查 allow sb.to do sth.这一固定结构的被动形式。不定式在句中作补语。
4．不定式作定语
不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰词的后面。
I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。
(1)不定式作定语时，不定式所修饰的名词往往是不定式所表示动作的承受者；如果不定式由不及物动词构成，那么不定式后面要加上相应的介词。
Pass me a piece of paper to write on，please.
请递给我一张可以写字的纸。
(2)当名词被first，second，last等序数词以及only，next等词修饰时，其后常用不定式作定语。
She is always the first (person) to come and the last to leave. 她总是第一个来，最后一个走。
对接高考
⑩For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something ____________(eat)!
她25天都没有离开过她的孩子，甚至没找吃的东西。
to eat 解析：修饰不定代词something应用动词不定式作后置定语。
5．作表语
不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后。
His job is to teach English. 他的工作是教英语。
The problems remain to be unsettled.
问题还没有解决。
对接高考
?(重庆卷)The engine just won’t start.Something seems____________ (go) wrong with it.
这个引擎发动不了了，好像出毛病了。
to have gone 解析：seem后接to do形式。由于go wrong动作发生在seem之前，所以用动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动作已经发生。
6．作状语
(1)目的状语。常见表达形式为：to do，in order to do，so as to do，其中so as to do不能置于句首。
To make it easier to get in touch with us，you’d better keep this card at hand.
为了与我们联系更方便一些，你最好把这张卡片随身带着。
We ran all the way so as not to be late.
为了不迟到，我们一路跑来。
(2)结果状语。常见表达形式为：only to do，too...to do，...enough to do等。
He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty.
他匆忙赶到那房子里，发现已经空无一人。
The room is big enough to hold us.
那间房子足够大，可以容纳我们。
(3)原因状语。常见表达形式：be＋adj.(表示人的喜、怒、哀、乐) ＋ to do。
We were very excited to hear the news.
我们听到那个消息都很兴奋。
对接高考
?Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ____________(create)special designs.
熟练的工匠也把硬木和金属结合在一起制作特殊的设计。
to create 解析：此处为动词不定式作目的状语。
?(天津卷)Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only ____________(find) it didn’t fit.
她很着急地把裙子从包装里拿了出来，结果却发现裙子不合适。
to find 解析：考查不定式作结果状语的用法。 不定式常和only连用，表示意料之外的结果。现在分词常表示意料之中的结果。她很着急地试穿裙子，但是裙子不合适，说明这是意料之外的结果。
四、疑问词＋不定式
不定式常与疑问词who，which，when，where，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、宾语、表语等。
How to solve the problem is very important.(主语)
如何解决这一问题很重要。
He didn’t know what to ask.(宾语)
他不知道该问些什么。
My question is when to start.(表语)
我的问题是何时开始。
Ⅱ.具有名词作用的动词的-ing形式
一、概念及构成
具有名词作用的动词的-ing形式，即传统语法所指的动名词，也是非限定动词，由“动词原形＋ing”构成。它的名词作用是在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，另外它还兼有动词的特征：可以带宾语和状语。现以动词do为例，将动名词的时态及语态列表如下：
时态
主动
被动
意义
一般式
doing
being done
动名词动作与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
having done
having been done
动名词动作先于谓语动作发生
二、动名词的句法功能
作主语
Reading is important in learning English.
学英语，阅读是很重要的。
动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法常用在以下句型中：It’s no use/no good/useless doing sth.。
It’s no use/useless waiting here.Let’s go home.
在这儿等着也没用。我们回家吧。
对接高考
①(湖南卷)____________(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
理解你自己的需要和交流方式和知道表达你的爱和情绪一样重要。
Understanding 解析：动名词短语understanding your own needs and styles of communication在句中是主语。本句不存在被动关系。
②(浙江卷)____________(hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
听到别人对你刚刚读过的那本书作出的反应能增添快乐。
Hearing 解析：分析句子结构可知，____________ how others react...just read为句子主语，并且指的是某一事实情况，要用动名词作主语。
2．作表语
通常表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
My job is taking care of the garden.＝ Taking care of the garden is my job.
料理这个花园是我的工作。
3．作宾语
(1)常见的后面只能接动名词作宾语的动词有：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，dislike，enjoy，excuse，escape，finish，imagine，keep，mention，mind，miss(错过)，practise，risk，suggest等。
Do you mind my opening the windows?
你介意我打开窗户吗？
I’m sorry I missed seeing you while I was in Beijing.
很遗憾，我在北京时没有见到你。
(2)以下动词短语和固定搭配后只接动名词作宾语：can’t help(情不自禁)，can’t stand(无法忍受)，give up，keep on，put off，have difficulty/trouble(in)，be/get used to(习惯于)，look forward to，feel like，insist on，devote...to.../be devoted to(致力于)，pay attention to，object to(反对)，get down to(开始认真做)等。
My parents objected to my marrying him.
我父母反对我与他结婚。
I don’t feel like eating anything.
我什么也不想吃。
对接高考
③My ambassadorial duties will include ____________(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
我的大使职责将包括把英国参观者介绍给成都的120多只大熊猫及其他一些在碧峰峡雾山中一个研究中心里的熊猫们。
introducing 解析：include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
④We can choose between staying at home and ____________(take) a trip.
我们可以选择待在家里或是去旅行。
taking 解析：and连接两个并列成分。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作介词between的宾语。
动名词和不定式都可以作主语、宾语和表语，动名词往往表示经常或多次发生的动作，不定式往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危险(泛指玩火)。
To play with fire will be dangerous.
玩火会很危险(指一具体动作)。
4．作定语
动名词作定语，往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
a walking stick＝a stick for walking一根手杖
a washing machine＝a machine for washing
一台洗衣机
5．作状语
动词的-ing形式作状语时，v.-ing所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it.
回首往事，我真的不知道她是怎么做的。
(陕西卷)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中国又建了更多高速公路，这使人们从一处到另一处的出行变得更容易了。
对接高考
⑤Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，____________(turn)the old town into a dreamland.
新建的小木屋排列在街道边，把这个古镇变成了一个人间仙境。
turning 解析：本空动词没有连词与谓语连接，此时要用非谓语动词。cottages和turn是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语表示主动含义。
⑥The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，____________(make)air conditioning unnecessary.
凉爽的风通过卧室的窗户吹进来，没有必要开空调了。
making 解析：此处表示顺其自然的结果，The cooling wind与make是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作结果状语。
三、动名词的复合结构
有时动词-ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词的所有格(还可以用宾格)来表示它逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构。使它的意思更加完整。如下：
1．物主代词(如his，my) ＋动名词；
2．人称代词宾格(如him，me) ＋动名词；
3．名词所有格(如Tom’s) ＋动名词；
4．名词普通格＋动名词。
动名词的复合结构在句中作主语时，用名词所有格或物主代词形式；作宾语时，可用物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格。当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的名词时，用普通格形式。
Mary’s being ill made her mother upset.
(不可用Mary) 玛丽病了，这使她妈妈很着急。
Do you mind my/me smoking here?
你介意我在这里抽烟吗？
We are looking forward to spring coming.
(spring是无生命的名词) 我们盼望着春天的到来。
四、动名词的否定式
动名词的否定式是在动名词前加not，即not doing/not having done/not being done/not having been done。
We considered not doing it now.
我们考虑现在不做这件事。
His not arriving on time made me uneasy.
他未按时到达使我不安。
五、动词-ing形式的主动形式代替被动形式的情况
有些动词，如：want，need，require，deserve，worth等后面可以跟动词-ing的主动形式代替被动形式，表达被动意义。
The radio wants (needs，requires) repairing.＝The radio wants (needs，requires) to be repaired.
这个收音机需要修理。
The book is well worth reading again.
这本书很值得再看一遍。
对接高考
⑦(湖南卷)We’ve had a good start，but next，more work needs ____________(do) to achieve the final success.
我们已经有了一个好的开始，不过要实现最后的成功接下来还有很多工作要做。
to be done/doing 解析：根据needs为第三人称单数形式可知此处need为实义动词，故其后不能直接跟动词原形，表达“某物需要被……”时，我们可以用动词不定式的被动语态或动词-ing形式，即此处可用to be done或doing作宾语。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．One day everybody will have to get permission____________(buy) a car.
答案：to buy
2．It’s necessary for young people ____________ (master) a foreign language.
答案：to master
3．The meeting ____________ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance.
答案：to be held
4．—I’m not busy now.Do you have anything ____________ (type)，sir?
—Yes，here is a report，and I want it this afternoon，thank you.
答案：to be typed
5．He often made his sister ____________，but this time he was made ____________by his sister.(cry)
答案：cry；to cry
6．Who do you think the boss had the report ____________ (write) for?
答案：written
7．Her wish is ____________(be) an engineer when she grows up.
答案：to be
8．When it is dry，flowers should be watered if they are ____________ (survive)．
答案：to survive
9．He hurried to the railway station，only ____________ (tell)that the film star had left.
答案：to be told
10．It’s no good ____________(discuss) the problem again.
答案：discussing
11．____________(collect) stamps is really educational.
答案：Collecting
12．—Do you feel like ____________(drive) out?
—No，I’d like ____________ (stay) at home.
答案：driving；to stay
语法与写作
1．你知道是哪个城市最先禁止塑料购物袋的吗？
Do you know which city is the first______________________________________？
答案：to ban plastic shopping bags
2．要想被我们理想的大学录取，我们必须把全部的时间投入到功课上。
________________________ our dream universities，we should devote all our time to our lessons.
答案：To be admitted to
3．作为一个记者，在你采访之前你应该首先确定什么样的事件要报道，这样就会避免不必要的麻烦。
As a journalist，you should first decide what events ________________ before you make some interviews，thus ________________________．
答案：to report；avoiding unnecessary trouble
4．一个研究者最近说，在睡觉之前用平板电脑像苹果电脑会导致睡眠不好。
________________________ like Apple’s iPad just before bed，a researcher says recently，can lead to a poor night’s sleep.
答案：Using tablet computers
5．与你学习有关的事情一定要仔细对待。
The matter ____________________________ surely requires ________________ carefully.
答案：related to your study；dealing with
如何写好建议信
文体感知
建议信是作者就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议的信件。一般来说，建议信的正文分为三部分：开头、主体和结尾。开头一般开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点。主体则是对所提出的问题进行分析、说明理由，接着提出自己的建议。结尾则是对开头的呼应，重申自己的观点。
1．建议信的结构
建议信一般采取“三段式结构”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin with，then，later等依次陈述建议。
首段：针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，亦可表明自己的诚意。
中段：围绕对方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用客观委婉的语言提出自己的建议、方法。注意要充分考虑到对方的实际问题，表达时应选择得体的语言。切忌用语生硬呆板，泛泛而谈。
末段：简单地提出希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。
2．建议信的语言
陈述建议的语言必须中肯：在劝说对方接受你的建议时，应该注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词汇，这样才能使对方愉快地接受你的劝告或建议。例如：You must stop your meaningless work at once.(该句中的情态动词must就使句子的语气显得很生硬，对方会因此而反感。)
写作时应注意以下几点：
(1)要注意英文书信的格式，兼顾文化差异，同时要注意避免语法错误；
(2)第一和第三部分注重简练，而第二部分作为信函的主体，要注重条理和说服力；
(3)要注意提高自己语言表达的层级，尝试使用较高级别的词汇、句型或结构。
常用句式
◆首段：
I am writing to... I hope that...That is to say...
As far as I am concerned...In my opinion...Personally...
◆中段：
Here are my reasons.
First of all，I think it would be better if...
Second，...Third，...
Moreover...What’ s more...
However...Instead...
Here I’d like to give my advice on...
I would like to suggest that...
If I were you，I would...
◆末段：
In short...All things considered...
To sum up...In brief...
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
写作要求
假如你叫孟林，是苏州中学的一名高二学生，要给市长写一封信，反映学校门前交通拥挤现象，包括以下要点：
问题
建议
学校和一所小学毗邻，对着大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤；学生过街时在车辆中穿行危险
政府应采取措施，如修天桥等
参考词汇：穿行 thread one’s way 天桥 overpass
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
应用文
话题
提出建议
时态
一般现在时
人称
第一人称
词句推敲
1．词汇热身
(1)与……毗邻 ________________
(2)在……对面 ________________
(3)高峰期 ________________
(4)交通堵塞 ________________
(5)使交通更拥挤 ________________
答案：(1)stand next to (2)be opposite to (3)the rush hours (4)traffic jam (5)make the traffic heavier
2．句式预演
(1)学校与一所小学毗邻，对着大街。
①Our school ________________________，faced with/facing the main street.
②____________________ a primary school，our school is faced with/faces the main street.
③________________________ stands/lies/is our school，faced with/facing a main street.
(2)高峰期交通繁忙。
①The traffic ____________ during the rush hours.
②During the rush hours，____________ a lot of traffic.
(3)加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤。
①The children are so young that parents have to send them to school and fetch them home，________________ the traffic heavier.
②________________ is that children have to be picked up by their parents owing to their young age.
③________________/What’s worse，many parents coming to pick up their children make the street more crowded.
④____________/Additionally，many parents send their young children to school and fetch them home，which makes the traffic heavier.
⑤What’s more，parents often attend their kids to school，____________ more serious traffic jams.
(4)学生过街在车辆中穿行危险。
①______________ the students to thread their way among buses and cars when crossing the road.
②Students ____________ their lives to thread their way among cars.
③Students ________________________ when crossing the ocean/sea of cars.
(5)政府应采取措施，如修天桥等。
①________________ the government should take steps such as building an overpass.
②________________ the government should take steps such as building an overpass.
③________________ the government took some measures like building an overpass.
答案：(1)①stands next to a primary school ②Standing next to ③Next to a primary school
(2)①is busy ②there is
(3)①which makes/making ②What makes things worse
③To make things worse ④In addition ⑤resulting in
(4)①It is dangerous for ②are risking ③are exposed to danger
(5)①I suggest that ②My suggestion is that ③It is high time that
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Mayor，
I am a student of Suzhou Middle School.Here I have something to tell you.
Beside my school is a primary school.The gates of the two schools both face the main road.In rush hours，there are many cars，buses and bikes.The students have to cross the road to school.Crowds of people often thread their way through the moving cars and buses.What’s worse，some pupils are too young to go to school by themselves，so many parents have to go along with them to make sure that their children are safe，which makes the street more crowded.
I think the government should do something about this.Maybe an overpass can be built over the road.At the same time，we’d better teach students more about road safety.Otherwise accidents are sure to happen.I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Meng Lin
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed ____________ (prepare) for it pretty well.
答案：to have prepared
2．I am delighted ____________ (invite) to the strawberry farm.I really had a good time there.
答案：to have been invited
3．____________ (feel) where he was going，the blind boy had to walk with a stick.
答案：To feel
4．—Nowadays quite a few people choose to drive their private cars to and from work.
—Indeed.But I think they seem ____________ (lose)the benefit little by little that walking brings to their health.
答案：to be losing
5．She pretended ____________ (listen) to the manager，but actually she was thinking about something else.
答案：to be listening
6．He seems ____________ (finish) his homework.
答案：to have finished
7．What is the best way you can imagine ____________ (reduce) the overuse of water in our school?
答案：to reduce
8．You may go now.I have no more letters __________(type)．
答案：to be typed
9．Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people ____________ (climb) the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.
答案：to climb
10．The international science project ____________(accomplish) by the end of 2022 will achieve people’s dream of living on the Mars.
答案：to be accomplished
阅读理解
Jeffrey Hall, a teacher of Communications from the University of Kansas(KU), has used his research to define(明确) the exact amount of time necessary to make friends with someone.He’s also found how long it will take to deepen a relationship.His new study found that it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance(泛泛之交) to casual(感情不深的) friend.It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends, and more than 200 hours before considering someone a close friend or best friend.
But it isn’t spending just any kind of time together that deepens a friendship—hours spent working together, for example, don’t count as much as hours spent getting to know someone by hanging out, joking around, playing video games, and doing more playful activities.The study explains that these kinds of activities help us to form a deeper connection with someone.“We have to put that_time in，”Hall said.“You can’t make a friend without any effort(努力)．”
The results of the study come from analysis of 355 responses to an online survey from adults who said they had moved in the last six months and were looking for new friends in their new homes.Survey participants(参与者) were asked about new relationships as well as hours spent together and activities they did.They were then asked to rate their resulting relationships according to one of four stages：acquaintance, casual friend, friend and close friend.
The main conclusion that Hall came to is that making close friends takes serious effort.So if you want to have some best friends, you have to know that spending time with someone is the most important thing.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，交朋友和加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。
1．How long does it take to turn an acquaintance into a friend?
A．About 50 hours. B．About 90 hours.
C．About 140 hours. D．About 200 hours.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance (泛泛之交) to casual(感情不深的) friend.It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends”可知，把一个泛泛之交变成真正的朋友需要大约140个小时的相处时间。
2．What does the underlined part “that time” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Time spent working together.
B．Time spent finding new friends.
C．Time spent helping a new friend.
D．Time spent doing fun things together.
D 解析：词义猜测题。分析第二段的内容可知，that time指的是朋友们在一起做有趣的事情的时间。
3．Which may help deepen a friendship according to the study?
A．Trying to understand your friend’s feelings.
B．Enjoying quality time with your friend.
C．Treating a new friend like a close one.
D．Being generous to your friend.
B 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段可知，这项研究告诉我们，多花点时间与朋友一起做些有意思的事情有助于增进友谊。
4．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To solve a relationship problem.
B．To introduce a teacher from KU.
C．To present the findings of a new study.
D．To discuss the importance of friendship.
C 解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文报道了一项新的研究成果，即交朋友以及加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。故选C。
完形填空
I met a man yesterday and didn’t get his name. Our meeting seemed to be __1__ by something unknown.
He was a(n)__2__man. His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的). I didn’t see him at first. I decided to search for the owner__3__I found a very worn and old wooden walking stick, which was hanging outside of a shopping cart. I looked around and __4__out to a man who was walking away. I__5__it was his. It was. And he returned__6__to get it. A short distance cost him a long time.
I was in a friendly mood to start a(n)__7__. That was when the story between us began. I stood outside the supermarket with him for 10 minutes just__8__. And that was all he wanted—to be heard and to__9__his story. I stood there feeling his__10__over losing his first wife during childbirth to his only son and later his joys of__11__this son on his own as well as traveling the world. He__12__found his true love and married a childhood sweetheart, his second wife. He is very__13__ that he has an intact(完整的) family now.
At the end of our talk, this man__14__my hands, looked me in the eye and thanked me sincerely. And then he__15__and walked away.
As he walked away, a strong feeling__16__me. And I seemed to hear a __17__in my mind that told me he was peaceful now.
Strangers are never strangers__18__you open your heart to them. Often they dress up like__19__， waiting to bless you or to be blessed.
Yesterday I was__20__—an angel to this man, and at the same time, blessed by him.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者在超市外偶遇一位陌生老人并倾听他的故事，陌生老人对作者心存感激，从而引发作者的一番感慨——只要敞开心扉，愿意倾听，陌生人也可以变成朋友。
1．A.joined B．arranged
C．made D．invented
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者遇见了一位老人，但不知道他的名字，他们的相遇就像冥冥之中被安排好的一样。故答案选“arranged”。
2．A.poor B．elderly
C．strong D．handsome
B 解析：根据下文“His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的)．”可知这是一位年迈的老人。故答案选“elderly”。
3．A.before B．until
C．when D．but
C 解析：当“我”发现一根非常老旧的木制拐杖时，“我”决定去找到它的主人。故答案选“when”。
4．A.went B．called
C．broke D．worked
B 解析：作者看到一位老人就叫了他一声。故答案选“called”。
5．A.decided B．remembered
C．guessed D．suggested
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者只是猜测那根拐杖是那位老人的，结果的确是。故答案选“guessed”。
6．A.carelessly B．angrily
C．proudly D．slowly
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他已年迈，很短的一段路都耗费他不少时间，所以是慢慢地走。故答案选“slowly”。
7．A.speech B．discussion
C．conversation D．argument
C 解析：根据下文可知，作者表现出乐意与这位老人交谈的样子。故答案选“conversation”。
8．A.listening B．watching
C．laughing D．speaking
A 解析：根据下文的“to be heard”等信息可知，全程“我”都是在倾听这位老人讲述自己的经历。故答案选“listening”。
9．A.write B．share
C．finish D．report
B 解析：根据上下文可知，这位老人所需要的就是被聆听和分享他的故事。故答案选“share”。
10．A.worry B．pain
C．nervousness D．trouble
B 解析：根据下文可知，他的第一位妻子在生下唯一的儿子之后就去世了，所以他很痛苦。故答案选“pain”。
11．A.bringing out B．taking
C．teaching D．bringing up
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他的第一位妻子过世后，他在独自养育儿子的过程中也得到了快乐。故答案选“bringing up”。
12．A.hardly B．finally
C．frequently D．usually
B 解析：根据语境可知，他最终得到了真爱。故答案选“finally”。
13．A.surprised B．confident
C．positive D．satisfied
D 解析：根据句意可知，他现在有了一个完整的家庭，所以他感到很满足。故答案选“satisfied”。
14．A.touched B．held
C．cleaned D．covered
B 解析：根据句意可知，“我们”谈话后，那位老人握着“我”的手，看着“我”的眼睛，真诚地感谢了“我”。故答案选“held”。
15．A.came back B．turned back
C．stood back D．put back
B 解析：turn back意为“转过身”；come back意为“回来”；stand back意为“后退”；put back意为“放回，推迟”。根据句意，那位老人转身走了。故答案选“turned back”。
16．A.came over B．came with
C．came through D．came across
A 解析：come over意为“突然产生(某种感觉)”；come with意为“伴随”；come through意为“经过”；come across意为“偶然遇见”。根据句意，那位老人走后，一种强烈的感觉涌向“我”。故答案选“came over”。
17．A.noise B．voice
C．song D．story
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”似乎听到有个声音告诉我，那位老人分享完他的故事后，他的内心得到了安宁。故答案选“voice”。
18．A.if B．unless
C．before D．though
A 解析：根据语境可知，如果“我们”能敞开心扉，陌生人也能成为朋友。故答案选“if”。
19．A.strangers B．angels
C．friends D．enemies
B 解析：根据下文中的“Yesterday I was...an angel to this man”可知答案选“angels”。
20．A.neither B．either
C．both D．all
C 解析：根据上下文可知，昨天“我”既是这位老人的天使，同时，也得到了这位老人的祝福。故答案选“both”。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Every day, young people across the globe are doing their part to keep the Earth healthy and green.These are just a few kid heroes for the planet.
Manatee Minder
When she was in second grade, Stephanie Cohen read about a baby manatee hit by a boat off the coast of Florida.Marine biologists saved the manatee.But caring for the sea creature was costly, Stephanie took up a collection and raised $27 in one day.Now 18, Stephanie still raises money to help these“gentle giants”．She sells manatee decorations, candles and cards on her website kmad.org.
Color Us Green!
At Clarendon Elementary School, in Secaucus, New Jersey, the students know what to do with old, used and broken crayons.Recycle them! They collect the crayons and send them to Crazy Crayons, where they are made into different shapes and sizes.In the past eight years, New Jersey students have recycled nearly nine tons of crayons.
Goodbye，Paper Bags!
When Adrienne Boukis, 15, was in sixth grade, in Walnut Creek, California, she noticed that many of her classmates carried paper lunch bags.To help kids cut down on waste, she invented a reusable lunch bag, which is partially made from recycled plastic bottles.She sells the bags at greengearbag.com and some of the proceeds go to charity that is in need of money.
He’s Skiing to Save the Earth
Parker Liautaud，15，wanted to raise awareness(意识) about the effects of climate change on the polar regions.He set out to become one of the youngest people ever to ski to the North Pole.Parker feels he has met his goal to inspire others.“All young people have the power to make a change，”he said in an interview.
【解题导语】 每天，全球的年轻人都在为地球的健康贡献着自己的一份力量。本文主要介绍了几个年轻人是怎样保护地球的。
1．What do the kid heroes have in common?
A．They are all high school students.
B．They all involve themselves in green activities.
C．They all raise money for green activities.
D．They are all from poor families.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知文中提到的孩子都在环保上做出了贡献。
2．According to the passage, kmad.org________．
A．provides some goods sold online
B．was designed by Adrienne Boukis
C．focuses on the protection of sea creatures
D．inspires kids to raise money for the manatee
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Manatee Minder中的末句可知答案。
3．The underlined word “proceeds” in the passage probably means________．
A．money B．bags
C．goods D．gifts
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据“She sells the bags...”可知艾德丽安·布克斯把卖包得来的部分钱捐给了慈善组织。
4．In Parker’s opinion, every kid________．
A．should travel to the North Pole
B．can succeed at an early age
C．should set a great goal
D．can make a difference
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章末句“All young people have the power to make a change...”可知每个孩子都能为环保做出贡献。
B
You try to enjoy your dinner in a garden, but several mosquitoes fly around you all the time. A minute later, you have a red bite on your leg. As you madly wave your hands, trying to get rid of these pests, you notice that others seem completely undisturbed. Could it be that mosquitoes prefer to bite some people over others? The short answer is yes. The experts have proved that mosquitoes do show blood preferences. But they are not biting for dinner. Female mosquitoes (males do not bite people) need human blood to develop eggs. Obviously, not just anyone’s blood will do.
People with a high level of steroids(类固醇) or cholesterol(胆固醇) on their skin surface attract mosquitoes. “That doesn’t necessarily mean that mosquitoes prey on people with higher overall levels of cholesterol，” Butler explains. These people simply may be more efficient at processing cholesterol, and the byproducts of that remaining on the skin’s surface are attractive to mosquitoes.
“Mosquitoes also target people who produce large amounts of certain acids，” explains John Edman, phD, spokesman for the Entomological Society of America. These acids can trigger mosquitoes’ sense of smell, attracting them to land on unsuspecting victims.
Mosquitoes can smell their dinner from an impressive distance of up to 50 meters. This isn’t good news for people who give off large quantities of carbon dioxide. Any type of carbon dioxide is attractive. And larger people tend to give off more carbon dioxide, which is why mosquitoes typically prefer adults to small children. Pregnant(怀孕的) women are at increased risk, as they produce a greater-than-normal amount of carbon dioxide.
Movement and heat also attract mosquitoes. Therefore, if you want to avoid a mosquito bite at your next outdoor dinner, find a bench rather than a spot on the volleyball team. Here’s why: as you run around the volleyball court, mosquitoes sense your movement and head toward you. What’s more, the heat from your sweating body draws them closer.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了蚊子喜欢叮咬的人群的特点。
5．According to the passage, why do the female mosquitoes bite people?
A．Because they feed on human blood.
B．Because they like the taste of human blood.
C．Because they want to produce the next generation.
D．Because they don’t like the smell of people.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句Female mosquitoes (males do not bite people) need human blood to develop eggs.可知母蚊子需要人血来培养下一代。
6．What does the underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Make something to be worse.
B．Cause something to be active.
C．Cause damage to something.
D．Get back the use of something.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的attracting them to land on unsuspecting victims可推出，画线词意为“触发，激发”。
7．According to the passage, who is more likely to attract mosquitoes?
A．A boy sleeping on the couch.
B．A man with type A blood.
C．A girl with normal levels of steroids.
D．A woman who is going to give birth to a baby.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章大意及第四段最后一句Pregnant(怀孕的) women are at increased risk, as they produce a greater-than-normal amount of carbon dioxide.可知，孕妇更有可能吸引蚊子。
8．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A．To teach some ways to avoid mosquitoes’ bites.
B．To warn people not to have dinner outside.
C．To introduce what kind of people mosquitoes like best.
D．To explain why the smell of carbon dioxide attracts mosquitoes.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要介绍哪些人更吸引蚊子。
C
People seem to have a natural need for friends and with good reason.Friends increase your enjoyment of life and relieve feelings of loneliness.They even can help reduce stress and improve your health.Having good friends is especially helpful when you are going through any kind of hard time such as when you are experiencing anxiety，panic attacks，or depression.
When you are with good friends you feel good about yourself，and you are glad to be with them.A friend is someone who
·you like，respect，and trust，and who likes，respects and trusts you
·doesn’t always understand you，but accepts and likes you as you are，even as you grow and change
·allows you the space to change，grow，make decisions，and even make mistakes
·listens to you and shares with you both the good times and the bad times
·respects your need for secrets，so you can tell them anything
·lets you freely express your feelings and emotions without judging，teasing，or criticizing you
·accepts the limitations you have put on yourself and helps you to remove them
A person once said，“Friendship is a continuing source of bonding(连接)，releasing，and creating in yourself and with the other person.There is an emotional bond between the two people.”
A good friend or supporter may or may not be the same age or the same sex as you，and may not have the same educational，cultural，or religious background，or share interests that are similar to yours.Friendships also have different depths.Some are closer to the heart and some more superficial，but they’re all useful and good.
9．Which of the following is NOT a fun_ction of a friend?
A．He brings you some happiness.
B．He helps you feel less lonely.
C．He helps you get over the difficulties.
D．He helps you cheat on the exam.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Friends increase your enjoyment of life and relieve feelings of loneliness.They even can help reduce stress and improve your health.Having good friends is especially helpful when you are going through any kind of hard time such as when you are experiencing anxiety，panic attacks，or depression.可知，朋友可以增加生活的乐趣，减少孤独，减轻压力，改善健康状况，度过困难的时光，而没有提到D项。
10．The underlined word “superficial” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A．deep B.hard
C．shallow D.close
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的Friendships also have different depths.Some are closer to the heart and some more superficial，but they’re all useful and good.可知，友谊有不同的深度，有些会贴近内心，有些会很浅，但他们都是有用的都是好的，故选C项。
11．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
B．What Kind of Person a Friend Should Be
C．To Be a Good Friend
D．How to Get on with Your Friend
B 解析：标题归纳题。文章在讲好朋友在生活中所起的作用，友谊是两个人之间的情感桥梁，不分种族，不分性别和宗教，故B项更符合文意。
书面表达
假如你是李华，请就本校食堂服务(canteen service)的状况给校长写一封信。内容包括：
优点
不足
建议
食堂干净
价格偏高
……
饭菜可口
种类偏少
服务态度好
等候时间较长
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Principal，
I am a senior student of our school.I’d like to say something about the canteen service in our school.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Mr.Principal，
I_am_a_senior_student_of_our_school.I’d_like_to_say_something_about_the_canteen_service_in_our_school.In general, the service is satisfactory.The hall is clean and tidy.The dishes look inviting and taste delicious as well.What’s more, the workers there treat us as their friends, which makes us feel very happy.However, we feel the price of the meals is a little too high.Besides, we can only have a limited variety of dishes with little change every week.In addition, we often have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal.You could understand how precious time is to us students.For myself suggestion box aimed at getting more proper advice from the students should be set up so as to improve the quality of the canteen service.Thanks for your consideration.
Sincerely_yours，
Li_Hua
课件87张PPT。Unit 1 Getting along with others本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed ____________ (prepare) for it pretty well.
答案：to have prepared
2．I am delighted ____________ (invite) to the strawberry farm.I really had a good time there.
答案：to have been invited
3．____________ (feel) where he was going，the blind boy had to walk with a stick.
答案：To feel
4．—Nowadays quite a few people choose to drive their private cars to and from work.
—Indeed.But I think they seem ____________ (lose)the benefit little by little that walking brings to their health.
答案：to be losing
5．She pretended ____________ (listen) to the manager，but actually she was thinking about something else.
答案：to be listening
6．He seems ____________ (finish) his homework.
答案：to have finished
7．What is the best way you can imagine ____________ (reduce) the overuse of water in our school?
答案：to reduce
8．You may go now.I have no more letters __________(type)．
答案：to be typed
9．Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people ____________ (climb) the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.
答案：to climb
10．The international science project ____________(accomplish) by the end of 2022 will achieve people’s dream of living on the Mars.
答案：to be accomplished
阅读理解
Jeffrey Hall, a teacher of Communications from the University of Kansas(KU), has used his research to define(明确) the exact amount of time necessary to make friends with someone.He’s also found how long it will take to deepen a relationship.His new study found that it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance(泛泛之交) to casual(感情不深的) friend.It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends, and more than 200 hours before considering someone a close friend or best friend.
But it isn’t spending just any kind of time together that deepens a friendship—hours spent working together, for example, don’t count as much as hours spent getting to know someone by hanging out, joking around, playing video games, and doing more playful activities.The study explains that these kinds of activities help us to form a deeper connection with someone.“We have to put that_time in，”Hall said.“You can’t make a friend without any effort(努力)．”
The results of the study come from analysis of 355 responses to an online survey from adults who said they had moved in the last six months and were looking for new friends in their new homes.Survey participants(参与者) were asked about new relationships as well as hours spent together and activities they did.They were then asked to rate their resulting relationships according to one of four stages：acquaintance, casual friend, friend and close friend.
The main conclusion that Hall came to is that making close friends takes serious effort.So if you want to have some best friends, you have to know that spending time with someone is the most important thing.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，交朋友和加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。
1．How long does it take to turn an acquaintance into a friend?
A．About 50 hours. B．About 90 hours.
C．About 140 hours. D．About 200 hours.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance (泛泛之交) to casual(感情不深的) friend.It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends”可知，把一个泛泛之交变成真正的朋友需要大约140个小时的相处时间。
2．What does the underlined part “that time” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Time spent working together.
B．Time spent finding new friends.
C．Time spent helping a new friend.
D．Time spent doing fun things together.
D 解析：词义猜测题。分析第二段的内容可知，that time指的是朋友们在一起做有趣的事情的时间。
3．Which may help deepen a friendship according to the study?
A．Trying to understand your friend’s feelings.
B．Enjoying quality time with your friend.
C．Treating a new friend like a close one.
D．Being generous to your friend.
B 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段可知，这项研究告诉我们，多花点时间与朋友一起做些有意思的事情有助于增进友谊。
4．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To solve a relationship problem.
B．To introduce a teacher from KU.
C．To present the findings of a new study.
D．To discuss the importance of friendship.
C 解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文报道了一项新的研究成果，即交朋友以及加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。故选C。
完形填空
I met a man yesterday and didn’t get his name. Our meeting seemed to be __1__ by something unknown.
He was a(n)__2__man. His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的). I didn’t see him at first. I decided to search for the owner__3__I found a very worn and old wooden walking stick, which was hanging outside of a shopping cart. I looked around and __4__out to a man who was walking away. I__5__it was his. It was. And he returned__6__to get it. A short distance cost him a long time.
I was in a friendly mood to start a(n)__7__. That was when the story between us began. I stood outside the supermarket with him for 10 minutes just__8__. And that was all he wanted—to be heard and to__9__his story. I stood there feeling his__10__over losing his first wife during childbirth to his only son and later his joys of__11__this son on his own as well as traveling the world. He__12__found his true love and married a childhood sweetheart, his second wife. He is very__13__ that he has an intact(完整的) family now.
At the end of our talk, this man__14__my hands, looked me in the eye and thanked me sincerely. And then he__15__and walked away.
As he walked away, a strong feeling__16__me. And I seemed to hear a __17__in my mind that told me he was peaceful now.
Strangers are never strangers__18__you open your heart to them. Often they dress up like__19__， waiting to bless you or to be blessed.
Yesterday I was__20__—an angel to this man, and at the same time, blessed by him.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者在超市外偶遇一位陌生老人并倾听他的故事，陌生老人对作者心存感激，从而引发作者的一番感慨——只要敞开心扉，愿意倾听，陌生人也可以变成朋友。
1．A.joined B．arranged
C．made D．invented
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者遇见了一位老人，但不知道他的名字，他们的相遇就像冥冥之中被安排好的一样。故答案选“arranged”。
2．A.poor B．elderly
C．strong D．handsome
B 解析：根据下文“His hair was totally white and his back was bent(弯曲的)．”可知这是一位年迈的老人。故答案选“elderly”。
3．A.before B．until
C．when D．but
C 解析：当“我”发现一根非常老旧的木制拐杖时，“我”决定去找到它的主人。故答案选“when”。
4．A.went B．called
C．broke D．worked
B 解析：作者看到一位老人就叫了他一声。故答案选“called”。
5．A.decided B．remembered
C．guessed D．suggested
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者只是猜测那根拐杖是那位老人的，结果的确是。故答案选“guessed”。
6．A.carelessly B．angrily
C．proudly D．slowly
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他已年迈，很短的一段路都耗费他不少时间，所以是慢慢地走。故答案选“slowly”。
7．A.speech B．discussion
C．conversation D．argument
C 解析：根据下文可知，作者表现出乐意与这位老人交谈的样子。故答案选“conversation”。
8．A.listening B．watching
C．laughing D．speaking
A 解析：根据下文的“to be heard”等信息可知，全程“我”都是在倾听这位老人讲述自己的经历。故答案选“listening”。
9．A.write B．share
C．finish D．report
B 解析：根据上下文可知，这位老人所需要的就是被聆听和分享他的故事。故答案选“share”。
10．A.worry B．pain
C．nervousness D．trouble
B 解析：根据下文可知，他的第一位妻子在生下唯一的儿子之后就去世了，所以他很痛苦。故答案选“pain”。
11．A.bringing out B．taking
C．teaching D．bringing up
D 解析：根据上下文可知，他的第一位妻子过世后，他在独自养育儿子的过程中也得到了快乐。故答案选“bringing up”。
12．A.hardly B．finally
C．frequently D．usually
B 解析：根据语境可知，他最终得到了真爱。故答案选“finally”。
13．A.surprised B．confident
C．positive D．satisfied
D 解析：根据句意可知，他现在有了一个完整的家庭，所以他感到很满足。故答案选“satisfied”。
14．A.touched B．held
C．cleaned D．covered
B 解析：根据句意可知，“我们”谈话后，那位老人握着“我”的手，看着“我”的眼睛，真诚地感谢了“我”。故答案选“held”。
15．A.came back B．turned back
C．stood back D．put back
B 解析：turn back意为“转过身”；come back意为“回来”；stand back意为“后退”；put back意为“放回，推迟”。根据句意，那位老人转身走了。故答案选“turned back”。
16．A.came over B．came with
C．came through D．came across
A 解析：come over意为“突然产生(某种感觉)”；come with意为“伴随”；come through意为“经过”；come across意为“偶然遇见”。根据句意，那位老人走后，一种强烈的感觉涌向“我”。故答案选“came over”。
17．A.noise B．voice
C．song D．story
B 解析：根据语境可知，“我”似乎听到有个声音告诉我，那位老人分享完他的故事后，他的内心得到了安宁。故答案选“voice”。
18．A.if B．unless
C．before D．though
A 解析：根据语境可知，如果“我们”能敞开心扉，陌生人也能成为朋友。故答案选“if”。
19．A.strangers B．angels
C．friends D．enemies
B 解析：根据下文中的“Yesterday I was...an angel to this man”可知答案选“angels”。
20．A.neither B．either
C．both D．all
C 解析：根据上下文可知，昨天“我”既是这位老人的天使，同时，也得到了这位老人的祝福。故答案选“both”。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Every day, young people across the globe are doing their part to keep the Earth healthy and green.These are just a few kid heroes for the planet.
Manatee Minder
When she was in second grade, Stephanie Cohen read about a baby manatee hit by a boat off the coast of Florida.Marine biologists saved the manatee.But caring for the sea creature was costly, Stephanie took up a collection and raised $27 in one day.Now 18, Stephanie still raises money to help these“gentle giants”．She sells manatee decorations, candles and cards on her website kmad.org.
Color Us Green!
At Clarendon Elementary School, in Secaucus, New Jersey, the students know what to do with old, used and broken crayons.Recycle them! They collect the crayons and send them to Crazy Crayons, where they are made into different shapes and sizes.In the past eight years, New Jersey students have recycled nearly nine tons of crayons.
Goodbye，Paper Bags!
When Adrienne Boukis, 15, was in sixth grade, in Walnut Creek, California, she noticed that many of her classmates carried paper lunch bags.To help kids cut down on waste, she invented a reusable lunch bag, which is partially made from recycled plastic bottles.She sells the bags at greengearbag.com and some of the proceeds go to charity that is in need of money.
He’s Skiing to Save the Earth
Parker Liautaud，15，wanted to raise awareness(意识) about the effects of climate change on the polar regions.He set out to become one of the youngest people ever to ski to the North Pole.Parker feels he has met his goal to inspire others.“All young people have the power to make a change，”he said in an interview.
【解题导语】 每天，全球的年轻人都在为地球的健康贡献着自己的一份力量。本文主要介绍了几个年轻人是怎样保护地球的。
1．What do the kid heroes have in common?
A．They are all high school students.
B．They all involve themselves in green activities.
C．They all raise money for green activities.
D．They are all from poor families.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知文中提到的孩子都在环保上做出了贡献。
2．According to the passage, kmad.org________．
A．provides some goods sold online
B．was designed by Adrienne Boukis
C．focuses on the protection of sea creatures
D．inspires kids to raise money for the manatee
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Manatee Minder中的末句可知答案。
3．The underlined word “proceeds” in the passage probably means________．
A．money B．bags
C．goods D．gifts
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据“She sells the bags...”可知艾德丽安·布克斯把卖包得来的部分钱捐给了慈善组织。
4．In Parker’s opinion, every kid________．
A．should travel to the North Pole
B．can succeed at an early age
C．should set a great goal
D．can make a difference
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章末句“All young people have the power to make a change...”可知每个孩子都能为环保做出贡献。
B
You try to enjoy your dinner in a garden, but several mosquitoes fly around you all the time. A minute later, you have a red bite on your leg. As you madly wave your hands, trying to get rid of these pests, you notice that others seem completely undisturbed. Could it be that mosquitoes prefer to bite some people over others? The short answer is yes. The experts have proved that mosquitoes do show blood preferences. But they are not biting for dinner. Female mosquitoes (males do not bite people) need human blood to develop eggs. Obviously, not just anyone’s blood will do.
People with a high level of steroids(类固醇) or cholesterol(胆固醇) on their skin surface attract mosquitoes. “That doesn’t necessarily mean that mosquitoes prey on people with higher overall levels of cholesterol，” Butler explains. These people simply may be more efficient at processing cholesterol, and the byproducts of that remaining on the skin’s surface are attractive to mosquitoes.
“Mosquitoes also target people who produce large amounts of certain acids，” explains John Edman, phD, spokesman for the Entomological Society of America. These acids can trigger mosquitoes’ sense of smell, attracting them to land on unsuspecting victims.
Mosquitoes can smell their dinner from an impressive distance of up to 50 meters. This isn’t good news for people who give off large quantities of carbon dioxide. Any type of carbon dioxide is attractive. And larger people tend to give off more carbon dioxide, which is why mosquitoes typically prefer adults to small children. Pregnant(怀孕的) women are at increased risk, as they produce a greater-than-normal amount of carbon dioxide.
Movement and heat also attract mosquitoes. Therefore, if you want to avoid a mosquito bite at your next outdoor dinner, find a bench rather than a spot on the volleyball team. Here’s why: as you run around the volleyball court, mosquitoes sense your movement and head toward you. What’s more, the heat from your sweating body draws them closer.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了蚊子喜欢叮咬的人群的特点。
5．According to the passage, why do the female mosquitoes bite people?
A．Because they feed on human blood.
B．Because they like the taste of human blood.
C．Because they want to produce the next generation.
D．Because they don’t like the smell of people.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句Female mosquitoes (males do not bite people) need human blood to develop eggs.可知母蚊子需要人血来培养下一代。
6．What does the underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Make something to be worse.
B．Cause something to be active.
C．Cause damage to something.
D．Get back the use of something.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的attracting them to land on unsuspecting victims可推出，画线词意为“触发，激发”。
7．According to the passage, who is more likely to attract mosquitoes?
A．A boy sleeping on the couch.
B．A man with type A blood.
C．A girl with normal levels of steroids.
D．A woman who is going to give birth to a baby.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章大意及第四段最后一句Pregnant(怀孕的) women are at increased risk, as they produce a greater-than-normal amount of carbon dioxide.可知，孕妇更有可能吸引蚊子。
8．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A．To teach some ways to avoid mosquitoes’ bites.
B．To warn people not to have dinner outside.
C．To introduce what kind of people mosquitoes like best.
D．To explain why the smell of carbon dioxide attracts mosquitoes.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要介绍哪些人更吸引蚊子。
C
People seem to have a natural need for friends and with good reason.Friends increase your enjoyment of life and relieve feelings of loneliness.They even can help reduce stress and improve your health.Having good friends is especially helpful when you are going through any kind of hard time such as when you are experiencing anxiety，panic attacks，or depression.
When you are with good friends you feel good about yourself，and you are glad to be with them.A friend is someone who
·you like，respect，and trust，and who likes，respects and trusts you
·doesn’t always understand you，but accepts and likes you as you are，even as you grow and change
·allows you the space to change，grow，make decisions，and even make mistakes
·listens to you and shares with you both the good times and the bad times
·respects your need for secrets，so you can tell them anything
·lets you freely express your feelings and emotions without judging，teasing，or criticizing you
·accepts the limitations you have put on yourself and helps you to remove them
A person once said，“Friendship is a continuing source of bonding(连接)，releasing，and creating in yourself and with the other person.There is an emotional bond between the two people.”
A good friend or supporter may or may not be the same age or the same sex as you，and may not have the same educational，cultural，or religious background，or share interests that are similar to yours.Friendships also have different depths.Some are closer to the heart and some more superficial，but they’re all useful and good.
9．Which of the following is NOT a fun_ction of a friend?
A．He brings you some happiness.
B．He helps you feel less lonely.
C．He helps you get over the difficulties.
D．He helps you cheat on the exam.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Friends increase your enjoyment of life and relieve feelings of loneliness.They even can help reduce stress and improve your health.Having good friends is especially helpful when you are going through any kind of hard time such as when you are experiencing anxiety，panic attacks，or depression.可知，朋友可以增加生活的乐趣，减少孤独，减轻压力，改善健康状况，度过困难的时光，而没有提到D项。
10．The underlined word “superficial” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A．deep B.hard
C．shallow D.close
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的Friendships also have different depths.Some are closer to the heart and some more superficial，but they’re all useful and good.可知，友谊有不同的深度，有些会贴近内心，有些会很浅，但他们都是有用的都是好的，故选C项。
11．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
B．What Kind of Person a Friend Should Be
C．To Be a Good Friend
D．How to Get on with Your Friend
B 解析：标题归纳题。文章在讲好朋友在生活中所起的作用，友谊是两个人之间的情感桥梁，不分种族，不分性别和宗教，故B项更符合文意。
书面表达
假如你是李华，请就本校食堂服务(canteen service)的状况给校长写一封信。内容包括：
优点
不足
建议
食堂干净
价格偏高
……
饭菜可口
种类偏少
服务态度好
等候时间较长
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Principal，
I am a senior student of our school.I’d like to say something about the canteen service in our school.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Mr.Principal，
I_am_a_senior_student_of_our_school.I’d_like_to_say_something_about_the_canteen_service_in_our_school.In general, the service is satisfactory.The hall is clean and tidy.The dishes look inviting and taste delicious as well.What’s more, the workers there treat us as their friends, which makes us feel very happy.However, we feel the price of the meals is a little too high.Besides, we can only have a limited variety of dishes with little change every week.In addition, we often have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal.You could understand how precious time is to us students.For myself suggestion box aimed at getting more proper advice from the students should be set up so as to improve the quality of the canteen service.Thanks for your consideration.
Sincerely_yours，
Li_Hua
重点单词
1．betray vt. 出卖，背叛
2．pretend vt.& vi. 假装；装扮，扮作
pretend to_do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to_be_doing sth. 假装在做某事
3．admit vt.& vi. 承认；允许进入，接纳
admission n. 进入；入场(费)；承认
4．swear vt.& vi. 发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话
5．forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕
forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕
forgivable adj. 可原谅的
【构词】 名词后缀-ness：……的状态/性质；常见词：ill→illness疾病 dark→darkness黑暗
6．focus n. 焦点；重点
vi.&vt. (使)集中；(使)聚焦
focus on... 集中注意力于……
7．manner n. 方式；态度，举止
manners n. 行为；礼貌
8．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的
【构词】 形容词后缀-y：充满……的，有……性质的；常见词：cloud→cloudy多云的 wind→windy有风的 dirt→dirty脏的
9．remark vi.& n. 评论，谈论
remarkable adj. 显著的，异常的，非凡的，
值得注意的
10．argue vi. 争吵， 争论
argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argument n. 争吵，辩论；论点，论据
11．apologize vi. 道歉
apologize to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
apology n. 道歉
12．sensitive adj. 敏感的；易生气的；体贴的
be sensitive to 对……敏感
13．blame vt. 责备，指责
n. (坏事或错事的)责任；责备；指责
14．disagreement n. 分歧，争论，意见不一
disagree vi. 不一致，不符合；意见相左
agree vt.&vi. 一致；赞同
agreement n. 一致， 赞成，同意
15．amusement n. 娱乐，消遣
16．identity n. 身份
identification n. 身份证明
17．absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的
18．overcome vt. 克服，解决
19．acquaintance n. 熟人；略有交情
20．attitude n. 态度，看法
attitude to/towards 对……的看法或态度
21．cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的
22．eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望某事
23．adolescent adj. 青春期的
n. 青少年
24．respond vi. 做出反应，回应
25．pause vi.& n. 停顿，暂停
26．security n. 平安，安全；安全措施
secure adj. 稳定的
27．committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
commit vt. 犯(罪；错误)
28．mercy n. 宽恕；仁慈
merciful adj. 仁慈的
重点短语
1．get_on/along_with 与……友好相处
2．keep_one’s_word 信守诺言
3．belong_to 属于
4．spy_on 窥探， 暗中监视
5．in_trouble 在麻烦中
6．keep_pace_with (与……)步调一致，(与……)同步
7．as_a_result_of 由于，因为
8．accuse_sb.of_sth. 因……控告某人
9．can’t_help_doing_sth. 禁不住做某事
10．before_long 不久，很快
11．rather_than 并非，而不是
12．in_advance 事先，预先
13．get_through (电话等)接通
14．be_based_on 以……为基础，以……为根据
15．regardless_of 不管，不顾
16．end_up 最后成为；最终处于
17．rely_on 依靠，依赖
18．thanks_to 幸亏，由于
19．in_conclusion 最后，总之
20．look_back_on 回忆，回顾过去
重点句型
1．must have done sth.表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测
I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.
【仿写】 他昨天一定看过这本书，是吗？
He must_have_read the book yesterday，didn’t he?
2．so引导的倒装句
Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.
【仿写】 ——我喜欢读他的书．
——我也是。
—I like to read his books.
—So_do_I．
3．would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做……也不愿做……
You know I would rather visit the dentist than study algebra and arithmetic!
【仿写】 他宁愿做慢点儿也不愿出错。
He would_rather_do_it slowly than make mistakes.
4．现在分词短语作伴随状语
When he comes back three and a half hours later, they’re still sitting on the sofa, continuing the same conversation on the same topic.
【仿写】 他站在那儿，眼睛盯着墙上的告示。
He stood there，fixing_his_eyes_on the notice on the wall.
5．状语从句的省略
When asked，they usually hesitate before responding...
【仿写】 明年当这家博物馆完工的时候， 将会向公众开放。
_When_completed next year, the museum will be open to the public.
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．当你和好朋友之间有了误解，你该怎么办呢？
2．首先，争吵和相互指责是没用的。(quarrel，blame)
3．你们都应该冷静地思考。
4．如果是你的错，你要向她/他道歉。(apologize)
5．你的朋友一定会谅解你的。(forgive)
6．如果这样的话，你们的友谊一定能得到加强。(if so)
7．要记住，友谊是以真诚为基础的。(be based on)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
When there is a misunderstanding between you and your best friend，what should you do？Firstly，it’s no use quarrelling with each other or blaming for it.You should both think it over.If it’s your fault，you should apologize to him/her first.And your friend is sure to forgive you.If so，your friendship will get strengthened.Just keep in mind that friendship is based on honesty.
课件21张PPT。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
