中考英语二级语法第一课(一般过去时，现在完成时）课件(共30张PPT)
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| 名称 | 中考英语二级语法第一课(一般过去时，现在完成时）课件(共30张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-25 07:51:04 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
Lesson One
一般现在时/现在完成时
二级语法
Task 1.
讨论一级语法所学过的时态和句型的名称。
1.一般现在时 2.现在进行时 3.be going to 句型
4.情态动词 5.祈使句
1.The sun rises in the east.
2.You mustn’t talk in the library.
3.He isn’t making a bookcase.
4.Don’t make a noise.
5.Are you going to have a holiday？
difference
1.我现在是一名工程师。
我十年前是一名工程师。
I am an engineer now.
I was an engineer ten years ago.
2.爸爸每天晚上看电视。
爸爸昨天晚上看电视了。
Father watches TV every
Night.
Father watched TV last night.
Task 2.
讨论一般过去时的含义结构和信号词。
一般过去时含义
表示过去存在的状态及过去某个时间发生的或过去经常, 反复发生的动作.
一般过去时构成：
be动词过去时的构成
肯：主+was/were+其他.
否：主+wasn’t/weren’t
问：Was/Were提前？
答：Yes,主+was/were.
No,主+wasn’t./weren’t.
Was:用于第一人称，第三人 称单数。
Were:用于第二人称，复数。
一般过去时构成：
实义V.结构
肯：主+v.过去式(ed).
否：主+didn’t+v.原形.
问：Did+主+v.原形?
答：Yes,主+did. No,主+didn’t.
过去式规则动词变化：
1.+ed.
2.不发音e结尾+d.
3.辅+y结尾，去y+ied.
4.重读闭音节双写尾字母+ed.
一般过去明确的过去时间（信号词）
yesterday(morning…)
last night(week/month/year…)
…ago
in 1990(2000/2018…)
just now 刚才 recently 最近 the other day 前几天，那天
ed发音:
清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ,
/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/
mop study want plant
need cook remain stay
mopped
needed
studied
cooked
wanted
remained
planted
stayed
1.上周日那些家庭主妇在教堂。
exercise
Those housewives were at church last Sunday.
2.昨天没下雪。
It didn’t snow yesterday.
Jill’s mother called the doctor last night,because she was ill.
3.吉尔的妈妈昨晚叫医生了，因为她生病了。
5.Rose came to Beijing in 2002.
______ _____Rose come to Beijing?
4.她什么时候去的英国？三天前。
When did she go to England?
She went to England three days ago.
When did
现在完成时
含义
构成
信号词
Task 3
讨论现在完成时的含义结构和信号词
现在完成时
含义：表示已发生的动作，对目前造成影响或结果。
结构：
肯：have/has+过去分词(v.p.p.)
否：haven’t/hasn’t+v.p.p.
问：Have/Has…v.p.p.?
答：Yes,主+have/has. No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.
信号词：
just ever never already yet
助后实前
句末
特点：时间状语模糊
already肯定句 yet 否定句，一般疑问句
过去式及
过去分词
的构成
规则动词
不规则动词
1.+ed.
2.不发音e结尾+d.
3.辅+y结尾，去y+ied.
4.重读闭音节双写尾字母+ed.
他刚刚喝牛奶了。
He has just drunk milk.
完成时信号词：
since+时间点
for+时间段
I have studied English since 2001.
I have studied English last week.
I have studied English since I was eight.
since＋词＼词组＼句子(过去)
I have studied English for ten years.
since＋词组
提问：How long
次数：once,twice,three times…
提问：How many times…?
exercise
1.They have already cleaned the classroom.
（变为一般疑问句）
Have they cleaned the classroom yet?
2.Tom___________(clean) the classroom for two hours.
3.They_____________(study) English since 1990.
has cleaned
have studied
瞬间动词（非延续性动词）
注意：瞬间动词可以出现在完成时，但是不可以与since+时间点，for+时间段连用。
I have bought an English book.
I have kept this English book for three days.
部分瞬间动词的替换：
borrow---keep buy---have become---be
begin---be on come/arrive---be here
leave/go---be away did---be dead
在现在完成时中瞬间动词一般不用来表持续。
Exercise
1.___you___the magazine from the school library yet?
---Yes,I ___it for two weeks.
A .Have, borrowed;have kept
B .Have, borrowed;have borrowed
C .Did,borrowed;borrowed
D Did,borrowed;have kept
A
区别
have/has been
曾经去过某地
（已回来）
have/has gone
去了某地
（没回来）
to+ n.
adv.
我去过伦敦。 I have been to London.
他去伦敦了。 He has gone to London.
exercise
1.她的祖母从没去过日本。
Her grandmother has never been to Japan.
2.I have been to Beijing twice.
___ ____ ____have you been to Beijing?
3.I have studied Chinese since 2018.
____ _____ ____you______Chinese?
4.She has lived here for eight years.
____ _____ _____she lived here?
How many times
How long have
studied
How long has
注意：
对since+时间点提问，用How long?
只对时间点提问，用Since when?
5.I have known each other since we were young.
_____ ______ _____you _________each other?
6. I have known each other since we were young.
_____ ______ _____you _________each other?
7.你站在这里多长时间了？我在这里站了十分钟了。
Have long have you stood here?
I have stood here for ten minutes.
How long have
known
Since when have
known
Task 5
从含义、结构和信号词三方面来讨论现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
+v.p.p.
时态 一般过去时 现在完成时
含义 过去做 已经做
结构 (1)be(was/were)
(2)v.过去式(did) have
has
信号词 时间状语明确 时间状语模糊
我上周遇见了他。
我刚刚遇见了他。
I met him last week.
I have just met him.
过去时
完成时
1.Mr.Green_________(go) to Beijing in 1991.
He___________(be) there since he__________(be) twenty years old.
2.She________(fail) the exam last term and _______(cry).
3.He_____already_____(lose) his bag.
went
has been
was
failed
cried
has
lost
4.What’s your father doing now? He ___________(clean) the room.
5.I am going to________(catch) fish tomorrow afternoon.
6.I don’t know how I can________(catch) up with them.
exercise
is cleaning
catch
catch
句子成分：
主 谓 宾
主 系 表
(V.)
(be)
谓语：
动词
动词词组
系动词：
1.be
2.感官动词
3.表变化动词
4.表保持动词
The large room was untidy yesterday.
AT
S
L
P
AD.T
句子成分分析
He has taught us English in China for five years.
S
o
AD.P
句子成分分析
V
AD.T
o
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站
有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
Lesson One
一般现在时/现在完成时
二级语法
Task 1.
讨论一级语法所学过的时态和句型的名称。
1.一般现在时 2.现在进行时 3.be going to 句型
4.情态动词 5.祈使句
1.The sun rises in the east.
2.You mustn’t talk in the library.
3.He isn’t making a bookcase.
4.Don’t make a noise.
5.Are you going to have a holiday？
difference
1.我现在是一名工程师。
我十年前是一名工程师。
I am an engineer now.
I was an engineer ten years ago.
2.爸爸每天晚上看电视。
爸爸昨天晚上看电视了。
Father watches TV every
Night.
Father watched TV last night.
Task 2.
讨论一般过去时的含义结构和信号词。
一般过去时含义
表示过去存在的状态及过去某个时间发生的或过去经常, 反复发生的动作.
一般过去时构成：
be动词过去时的构成
肯：主+was/were+其他.
否：主+wasn’t/weren’t
问：Was/Were提前？
答：Yes,主+was/were.
No,主+wasn’t./weren’t.
Was:用于第一人称，第三人 称单数。
Were:用于第二人称，复数。
一般过去时构成：
实义V.结构
肯：主+v.过去式(ed).
否：主+didn’t+v.原形.
问：Did+主+v.原形?
答：Yes,主+did. No,主+didn’t.
过去式规则动词变化：
1.+ed.
2.不发音e结尾+d.
3.辅+y结尾，去y+ied.
4.重读闭音节双写尾字母+ed.
一般过去明确的过去时间（信号词）
yesterday(morning…)
last night(week/month/year…)
…ago
in 1990(2000/2018…)
just now 刚才 recently 最近 the other day 前几天，那天
ed发音:
清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ,
/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/
mop study want plant
need cook remain stay
mopped
needed
studied
cooked
wanted
remained
planted
stayed
1.上周日那些家庭主妇在教堂。
exercise
Those housewives were at church last Sunday.
2.昨天没下雪。
It didn’t snow yesterday.
Jill’s mother called the doctor last night,because she was ill.
3.吉尔的妈妈昨晚叫医生了，因为她生病了。
5.Rose came to Beijing in 2002.
______ _____Rose come to Beijing?
4.她什么时候去的英国？三天前。
When did she go to England?
She went to England three days ago.
When did
现在完成时
含义
构成
信号词
Task 3
讨论现在完成时的含义结构和信号词
现在完成时
含义：表示已发生的动作，对目前造成影响或结果。
结构：
肯：have/has+过去分词(v.p.p.)
否：haven’t/hasn’t+v.p.p.
问：Have/Has…v.p.p.?
答：Yes,主+have/has. No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.
信号词：
just ever never already yet
助后实前
句末
特点：时间状语模糊
already肯定句 yet 否定句，一般疑问句
过去式及
过去分词
的构成
规则动词
不规则动词
1.+ed.
2.不发音e结尾+d.
3.辅+y结尾，去y+ied.
4.重读闭音节双写尾字母+ed.
他刚刚喝牛奶了。
He has just drunk milk.
完成时信号词：
since+时间点
for+时间段
I have studied English since 2001.
I have studied English last week.
I have studied English since I was eight.
since＋词＼词组＼句子(过去)
I have studied English for ten years.
since＋词组
提问：How long
次数：once,twice,three times…
提问：How many times…?
exercise
1.They have already cleaned the classroom.
（变为一般疑问句）
Have they cleaned the classroom yet?
2.Tom___________(clean) the classroom for two hours.
3.They_____________(study) English since 1990.
has cleaned
have studied
瞬间动词（非延续性动词）
注意：瞬间动词可以出现在完成时，但是不可以与since+时间点，for+时间段连用。
I have bought an English book.
I have kept this English book for three days.
部分瞬间动词的替换：
borrow---keep buy---have become---be
begin---be on come/arrive---be here
leave/go---be away did---be dead
在现在完成时中瞬间动词一般不用来表持续。
Exercise
1.___you___the magazine from the school library yet?
---Yes,I ___it for two weeks.
A .Have, borrowed;have kept
B .Have, borrowed;have borrowed
C .Did,borrowed;borrowed
D Did,borrowed;have kept
A
区别
have/has been
曾经去过某地
（已回来）
have/has gone
去了某地
（没回来）
to+ n.
adv.
我去过伦敦。 I have been to London.
他去伦敦了。 He has gone to London.
exercise
1.她的祖母从没去过日本。
Her grandmother has never been to Japan.
2.I have been to Beijing twice.
___ ____ ____have you been to Beijing?
3.I have studied Chinese since 2018.
____ _____ ____you______Chinese?
4.She has lived here for eight years.
____ _____ _____she lived here?
How many times
How long have
studied
How long has
注意：
对since+时间点提问，用How long?
只对时间点提问，用Since when?
5.I have known each other since we were young.
_____ ______ _____you _________each other?
6. I have known each other since we were young.
_____ ______ _____you _________each other?
7.你站在这里多长时间了？我在这里站了十分钟了。
Have long have you stood here?
I have stood here for ten minutes.
How long have
known
Since when have
known
Task 5
从含义、结构和信号词三方面来讨论现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
+v.p.p.
时态 一般过去时 现在完成时
含义 过去做 已经做
结构 (1)be(was/were)
(2)v.过去式(did) have
has
信号词 时间状语明确 时间状语模糊
我上周遇见了他。
我刚刚遇见了他。
I met him last week.
I have just met him.
过去时
完成时
1.Mr.Green_________(go) to Beijing in 1991.
He___________(be) there since he__________(be) twenty years old.
2.She________(fail) the exam last term and _______(cry).
3.He_____already_____(lose) his bag.
went
has been
was
failed
cried
has
lost
4.What’s your father doing now? He ___________(clean) the room.
5.I am going to________(catch) fish tomorrow afternoon.
6.I don’t know how I can________(catch) up with them.
exercise
is cleaning
catch
catch
句子成分：
主 谓 宾
主 系 表
(V.)
(be)
谓语：
动词
动词词组
系动词：
1.be
2.感官动词
3.表变化动词
4.表保持动词
The large room was untidy yesterday.
AT
S
L
P
AD.T
句子成分分析
He has taught us English in China for five years.
S
o
AD.P
句子成分分析
V
AD.T
o
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站
有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
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