人教版选修8 Unit 1 A Land of Diversity language points and difficult sentences （共40张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教版选修8 Unit 1 A Land of Diversity language points and difficult sentences （共40张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-25 01:05:51 | ||
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(共40张PPT)
Unit 1 A Land of Diversity
Language Ponits
学习目标:
1. understand the difficult phrases and sentences
2. Learn about the usage of words, phrases
and some important patterns
3. learn to make use of them in the passage
and writing.
1 Built in 1873，the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie，who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse?drawn trams.
缆车系统建于1873年，该系统是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他想找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。
归纳拓展
过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
① Professor Li stood there，surrounded by many students.
定从
即学即练
①________(open) in 2018，the park has attracted a
great many people.
②_______(see) its mother，the baby began to smile.
③The man came in，________(follow) by a group of
reporters.
④________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he
had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
Opened
Seeing
followed
Raised
2. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed，the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.
他目睹了一起可怕的事故：一辆电车刹车失灵，列车员控制不了局面。那辆电车连同拉车的马一起从山上滑了下来，很明显那让他感到震惊。
[句法分析]
现在分词短语dragging the horses with it作伴随状语。
时从
定从
①She stood at the window，_______ (watch) the sunset.
②He sat in the armchair，_______ (read) a newspaper.
③All night long he lay awake，________ (think) of the
problem.
④When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，
________ (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
⑤__________(employ) in gardening and volunteering
work，Mrs Black leads a busy and rich life at her old
age.
watching
reading
thinking
telling
Employed
3．with的复合结构
It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.
这条车道上有蓝白相间的标记，上面还有海鸥来指示路线。
即学即练
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the
park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②It was very cold outside. The boy ran into the room
________ his nose red.
③With the problem ________(solve)，we all feel very
happy.
④With so many essays ________ (write)，he won't
have time to go shopping this week.
following
with
solved
to write
3．with的复合结构
It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.
这条车道上有蓝白相间的标记，上面还有海鸥来指示路线。
Language Ponits
1．means n．手段；方法(单复数相同)
(教材原句P2) Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。
by means of : with the help of 依靠……的方法；借助……的手段
1. The workers lifted the large wooden boxes by means
of a crane. （吊车，起重机）
2. Thoughts are expressed by means of words.
归纳拓展
a means of communication 一种交流工具
by means of... 用……办法；借助……
by this means 用这种方法
by all means 务必，一定，当然可以
by any means 无论如何，以一切可能的手段
by no means 决不, 一点也不（位于句首进行部分倒装）
means 方法、手段、工具, 单复数同形, 多和介词by 搭配。
way 方法, 普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于
介词in搭配。
method 方法, 理论, 指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词
with 搭配 teaching method 教学方法
④ He will by no means give up his dream.
= By no means __________ give up his dream.
注意放在句首时使用部分倒装。
will he
①There is no doubt that WeChat is _______________.
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
②Students sometimes support themselves________
doing part?time jobs.
③Our boss demanded us to finish the task_______.
by all means
an important means of communication.
by means of
means: 方式，方法，途径 （单复数同形）
Television is an effective means of communication.
---Is there any possibility of contacting him?
---Not any, all possible means have been tried.
(Every possible means has been tried.)
常见的单复数同形的单词：
Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer, series, means, works(工厂), fish, fruit，species
回顾mean 用法： 1. mean doing sth. (意味着) ① Success?means?working?hard.
②翻译：错过这班公共汽车意味着要在等5分钟。
Missing the bus means waiting for another five minutes.
2. mean to do (打算做某事)
① We?mean?to?call?on?you?tomorrow.
② I didn’t mean _________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help _____ (try) it.
3. had meant to do =meant to have done?
表示过去本打算做某事
I had meant to leave on Monday, but I had stayed on.
我本想周一走的,但是又留了下来 I meant to have left on...
to eat
trying
mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的
Her?husband?is?very?mean?with?money.
她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬
2. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.
keep up（天气）持续不断，保持，沿用或沿袭某事物
1) To keep up old customs/traditions
2) Do you still keep up your Spanish?
3) She likes to keep up with the latest fashions.
4) How many of your old school friends do you keep up with?
5）The rain kept up all afternoon.
熟悉，了解
（消息，形势等）
与…保持联系
（天气）持续不断
沿用或沿袭
保持
catch up with
keep up with
team up with
put up with
come up with
end up with
追上，赶上
赶上，不落后
与…一起合作、工作
忍受
提出
以…结束
3. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚州成为美国第31个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。
归纳拓展
(1) elect v.选择，决定；选举 election .n 选举；当选
(2) elect to do sth 决定/选择干某事
elect sb (to be/as)．.. 选某人为……
1) She was elected (as) the leader/representative
2) The newly elected government will have a hard time,
with so many problems to settle.
3) She was the first black woman to be elected to the state
government.
4) Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home
nowadays.
5) She elected to return to work after her baby was born.
4. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生, 出现, 被想起
1). to happen
When exactly did the incident occur?
2).to exist or to be found somewhere 存在于； 出现在
Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.
3）occur to sb 被想到；出现在头脑中，突然想起
to come into your mind
The idea occurred to him in his dream.
It didn’t occur to him that his wife was having an affair.
提醒 occur是不及物动词, 不能直接带宾语,
不能用于被动语态。
运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我想起了一个好主意。
A good idea ______________.
⑵ 我就要离开时, 想起来忘了带钥匙。
Just as I was leaving the house, ________________that I had forgotten my keys.
it occurred to me
occurred to me
“某人突然想起”的多种表达
sth. occurs to sb. （ occurred ）
sth. strikes sb. （struck）
sth. hits sb. ( hit )
It occurs to sb. that 从句
It strikes sb. that 从句
It hits sb that 从句
5. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in
California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
It is likely/possible/probable that …
sb/sth be likely to do sth
某人/物有可能做某事
e.g. She is ______ to succeed. 她有可能会成功.
= It is likely that she will succeed.
likely
1. 非常可能, 火星上没有生命。
______________________ there is no life on Mars.
It is very likely that
It is _____ that Native Americans were living in California at least 15 years ago.
A. possibly B. probably
C. appropriate D. likely
possibly, probably 副词
likely 形容词
2.她今晚有可能给我打电话。
It is likely/probable/ possible that she will ring me up tonight.
She is likely to ring me up tonight.
6. make/earn a/one’s life 谋生、习惯新的生活方式
make /earn a / one’s living 谋生
Nowadays more and more young people move to cities to make a life there.
7 . team up with 与…合作或一起工作
You can team up with your deskmates to finish the task.
If you want to travel, you’d better team up with a group.
The two companies teamed up to develop a new medicine.
8. take in
The price takes in the cost of all the
accommodation and food.
2). He was homeless, so we took him in.
3) Women are often taken in by products for
losing weight.
4). She read many poems, but didn’t take them in.
5). Fish take in oxygen through their gills.(腮)
包含，包括
收留，留宿
欺骗
领会，理解
吸收，摄取
归纳拓展
take in 包括;欺骗;理解;收留
take away 拿走；消除(痛苦等)
take off 脱下；起飞；成功；请假
take up 拿起；占据；开始从事
take down 写下，记下；拆除
take on 呈现；承担；雇用
take over 接管;接替
③(07辽宁) Don’t be ________ by products promising to
make you lose weight quickly.
taken in
①It was several minutes before I could _______ what
he was saying.
②Unfortunately，in 1993，during the civil war in her
country，a bomb __________ her left leg.
took away
take in
④The plane _________ on time in spite of the fog
yesterday.
⑤I am sorry to have _________ so much of your time.
took off
taken up
9.a great many / a good many
许多、大量的; 后接名词的复数，也可接of +复数代词，作主语时，谓语用复数。
I’ve read a great many books about the USA.
A good many of them have been to college.
Many a student has seen the film.
There are a great many beautiful coats in the store and I don’t know which to choose.
修饰可数名词 many，a good/great many，many a，a large number of，large numbers of
修饰不可数名词 much，a good/great deal of，a large amount of，large amounts of
修饰可数名词和不可数名词 a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of
即学即练
①However，there ________(be) a number of other
reasons that might explain why you want to garden.
②While living in this beautiful small town，Mr
Green，who went in for literature so much wrote
_______ good many wonderful poems.
③Many______ young man has tried and failed.
are
a
a
10. population 人口
The population of China______ large. And 70%
of the population of China_______ peasants.（be的形式）
表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数, 但前有分数、小数或百分数时
谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用
large / small。
对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用
What’s the population of …?
What’s the population of China?
have a population of … 有多少人口
China has a population of 1.4 billion.
an increase / growth in population 人口增长
is
are
11. apply for 申请
Anyone who wants to apply for the job, sign here, please.
The new technology was applied to farming.
Apply the cream to your face and neck.
We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem.
The laws?apply to?everyone in spite of race or colour.
apply for sth申请
apply …to… 把…应用到…
apply …to… 把…涂/抹/擦…
apply oneself/sth to sth/doing 专心于
apply to… 适用于…
1. He tried to apply economic theory __________ practice.
2. Apply the medicine ____ the wound three times a day.
3. He has applied ______ the company _______ a post.
to
to
to
for
apply (v.) 申请；应用；涂，敷
application (n.) 申请；申请表；应用
applicant (n.) 申请人
语境串记
Thirty graduates _________ the post. All these ________
filled in the ____________ forms seriously.
applied for
applicants
application
C C A B A D A A B A
B B C
能力提升答案
4. I will mark ________everything you say. It is helpful to the English learners.
A. up B. down C. out D. off
5. ________is no possibility ________she can finish the task in two hours.
A. There；that B. It；that
C. There；whether D. It；whether
6．Many students listened to the lecture，but I wondered how much work they took________.
A. out B. up C. off D. in
10. The meeting ___ a few weeks after he had arrived from Australia.
A. occurred B. was happened
C. was taken place D. was occurred
11. A great many books ___ every year, and quantities of them __ well.
A. have published; sells B. have been published; sell
C. have been published; sells D. has been published; sell
Unit 1 A Land of Diversity
Language Ponits
学习目标:
1. understand the difficult phrases and sentences
2. Learn about the usage of words, phrases
and some important patterns
3. learn to make use of them in the passage
and writing.
1 Built in 1873，the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie，who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse?drawn trams.
缆车系统建于1873年，该系统是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他想找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。
归纳拓展
过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。
① Professor Li stood there，surrounded by many students.
定从
即学即练
①________(open) in 2018，the park has attracted a
great many people.
②_______(see) its mother，the baby began to smile.
③The man came in，________(follow) by a group of
reporters.
④________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he
had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
Opened
Seeing
followed
Raised
2. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed，the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.
他目睹了一起可怕的事故：一辆电车刹车失灵，列车员控制不了局面。那辆电车连同拉车的马一起从山上滑了下来，很明显那让他感到震惊。
[句法分析]
现在分词短语dragging the horses with it作伴随状语。
时从
定从
①She stood at the window，_______ (watch) the sunset.
②He sat in the armchair，_______ (read) a newspaper.
③All night long he lay awake，________ (think) of the
problem.
④When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，
________ (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
⑤__________(employ) in gardening and volunteering
work，Mrs Black leads a busy and rich life at her old
age.
watching
reading
thinking
telling
Employed
3．with的复合结构
It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.
这条车道上有蓝白相间的标记，上面还有海鸥来指示路线。
即学即练
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the
park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②It was very cold outside. The boy ran into the room
________ his nose red.
③With the problem ________(solve)，we all feel very
happy.
④With so many essays ________ (write)，he won't
have time to go shopping this week.
following
with
solved
to write
3．with的复合结构
It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.
这条车道上有蓝白相间的标记，上面还有海鸥来指示路线。
Language Ponits
1．means n．手段；方法(单复数相同)
(教材原句P2) Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。
by means of : with the help of 依靠……的方法；借助……的手段
1. The workers lifted the large wooden boxes by means
of a crane. （吊车，起重机）
2. Thoughts are expressed by means of words.
归纳拓展
a means of communication 一种交流工具
by means of... 用……办法；借助……
by this means 用这种方法
by all means 务必，一定，当然可以
by any means 无论如何，以一切可能的手段
by no means 决不, 一点也不（位于句首进行部分倒装）
means 方法、手段、工具, 单复数同形, 多和介词by 搭配。
way 方法, 普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于
介词in搭配。
method 方法, 理论, 指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词
with 搭配 teaching method 教学方法
④ He will by no means give up his dream.
= By no means __________ give up his dream.
注意放在句首时使用部分倒装。
will he
①There is no doubt that WeChat is _______________.
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
②Students sometimes support themselves________
doing part?time jobs.
③Our boss demanded us to finish the task_______.
by all means
an important means of communication.
by means of
means: 方式，方法，途径 （单复数同形）
Television is an effective means of communication.
---Is there any possibility of contacting him?
---Not any, all possible means have been tried.
(Every possible means has been tried.)
常见的单复数同形的单词：
Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer, series, means, works(工厂), fish, fruit，species
回顾mean 用法： 1. mean doing sth. (意味着) ① Success?means?working?hard.
②翻译：错过这班公共汽车意味着要在等5分钟。
Missing the bus means waiting for another five minutes.
2. mean to do (打算做某事)
① We?mean?to?call?on?you?tomorrow.
② I didn’t mean _________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help _____ (try) it.
3. had meant to do =meant to have done?
表示过去本打算做某事
I had meant to leave on Monday, but I had stayed on.
我本想周一走的,但是又留了下来 I meant to have left on...
to eat
trying
mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的
Her?husband?is?very?mean?with?money.
她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬
2. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.
keep up（天气）持续不断，保持，沿用或沿袭某事物
1) To keep up old customs/traditions
2) Do you still keep up your Spanish?
3) She likes to keep up with the latest fashions.
4) How many of your old school friends do you keep up with?
5）The rain kept up all afternoon.
熟悉，了解
（消息，形势等）
与…保持联系
（天气）持续不断
沿用或沿袭
保持
catch up with
keep up with
team up with
put up with
come up with
end up with
追上，赶上
赶上，不落后
与…一起合作、工作
忍受
提出
以…结束
3. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚州成为美国第31个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。
归纳拓展
(1) elect v.选择，决定；选举 election .n 选举；当选
(2) elect to do sth 决定/选择干某事
elect sb (to be/as)．.. 选某人为……
1) She was elected (as) the leader/representative
2) The newly elected government will have a hard time,
with so many problems to settle.
3) She was the first black woman to be elected to the state
government.
4) Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home
nowadays.
5) She elected to return to work after her baby was born.
4. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生, 出现, 被想起
1). to happen
When exactly did the incident occur?
2).to exist or to be found somewhere 存在于； 出现在
Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.
3）occur to sb 被想到；出现在头脑中，突然想起
to come into your mind
The idea occurred to him in his dream.
It didn’t occur to him that his wife was having an affair.
提醒 occur是不及物动词, 不能直接带宾语,
不能用于被动语态。
运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我想起了一个好主意。
A good idea ______________.
⑵ 我就要离开时, 想起来忘了带钥匙。
Just as I was leaving the house, ________________that I had forgotten my keys.
it occurred to me
occurred to me
“某人突然想起”的多种表达
sth. occurs to sb. （ occurred ）
sth. strikes sb. （struck）
sth. hits sb. ( hit )
It occurs to sb. that 从句
It strikes sb. that 从句
It hits sb that 从句
5. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in
California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
It is likely/possible/probable that …
sb/sth be likely to do sth
某人/物有可能做某事
e.g. She is ______ to succeed. 她有可能会成功.
= It is likely that she will succeed.
likely
1. 非常可能, 火星上没有生命。
______________________ there is no life on Mars.
It is very likely that
It is _____ that Native Americans were living in California at least 15 years ago.
A. possibly B. probably
C. appropriate D. likely
possibly, probably 副词
likely 形容词
2.她今晚有可能给我打电话。
It is likely/probable/ possible that she will ring me up tonight.
She is likely to ring me up tonight.
6. make/earn a/one’s life 谋生、习惯新的生活方式
make /earn a / one’s living 谋生
Nowadays more and more young people move to cities to make a life there.
7 . team up with 与…合作或一起工作
You can team up with your deskmates to finish the task.
If you want to travel, you’d better team up with a group.
The two companies teamed up to develop a new medicine.
8. take in
The price takes in the cost of all the
accommodation and food.
2). He was homeless, so we took him in.
3) Women are often taken in by products for
losing weight.
4). She read many poems, but didn’t take them in.
5). Fish take in oxygen through their gills.(腮)
包含，包括
收留，留宿
欺骗
领会，理解
吸收，摄取
归纳拓展
take in 包括;欺骗;理解;收留
take away 拿走；消除(痛苦等)
take off 脱下；起飞；成功；请假
take up 拿起；占据；开始从事
take down 写下，记下；拆除
take on 呈现；承担；雇用
take over 接管;接替
③(07辽宁) Don’t be ________ by products promising to
make you lose weight quickly.
taken in
①It was several minutes before I could _______ what
he was saying.
②Unfortunately，in 1993，during the civil war in her
country，a bomb __________ her left leg.
took away
take in
④The plane _________ on time in spite of the fog
yesterday.
⑤I am sorry to have _________ so much of your time.
took off
taken up
9.a great many / a good many
许多、大量的; 后接名词的复数，也可接of +复数代词，作主语时，谓语用复数。
I’ve read a great many books about the USA.
A good many of them have been to college.
Many a student has seen the film.
There are a great many beautiful coats in the store and I don’t know which to choose.
修饰可数名词 many，a good/great many，many a，a large number of，large numbers of
修饰不可数名词 much，a good/great deal of，a large amount of，large amounts of
修饰可数名词和不可数名词 a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of
即学即练
①However，there ________(be) a number of other
reasons that might explain why you want to garden.
②While living in this beautiful small town，Mr
Green，who went in for literature so much wrote
_______ good many wonderful poems.
③Many______ young man has tried and failed.
are
a
a
10. population 人口
The population of China______ large. And 70%
of the population of China_______ peasants.（be的形式）
表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数, 但前有分数、小数或百分数时
谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用
large / small。
对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用
What’s the population of …?
What’s the population of China?
have a population of … 有多少人口
China has a population of 1.4 billion.
an increase / growth in population 人口增长
is
are
11. apply for 申请
Anyone who wants to apply for the job, sign here, please.
The new technology was applied to farming.
Apply the cream to your face and neck.
We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem.
The laws?apply to?everyone in spite of race or colour.
apply for sth申请
apply …to… 把…应用到…
apply …to… 把…涂/抹/擦…
apply oneself/sth to sth/doing 专心于
apply to… 适用于…
1. He tried to apply economic theory __________ practice.
2. Apply the medicine ____ the wound three times a day.
3. He has applied ______ the company _______ a post.
to
to
to
for
apply (v.) 申请；应用；涂，敷
application (n.) 申请；申请表；应用
applicant (n.) 申请人
语境串记
Thirty graduates _________ the post. All these ________
filled in the ____________ forms seriously.
applied for
applicants
application
C C A B A D A A B A
B B C
能力提升答案
4. I will mark ________everything you say. It is helpful to the English learners.
A. up B. down C. out D. off
5. ________is no possibility ________she can finish the task in two hours.
A. There；that B. It；that
C. There；whether D. It；whether
6．Many students listened to the lecture，but I wondered how much work they took________.
A. out B. up C. off D. in
10. The meeting ___ a few weeks after he had arrived from Australia.
A. occurred B. was happened
C. was taken place D. was occurred
11. A great many books ___ every year, and quantities of them __ well.
A. have published; sells B. have been published; sell
C. have been published; sells D. has been published; sell