高考英语二轮专题：独立主格结构 课件（27张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题：独立主格结构 课件（27张PPT） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 2.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-04-27 10:46:56 | ||
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课件27张PPT。Welcome everyone!独立主格结构Nominative Absolute StructureNews report or Gas Leak? Durian现在分词做状语Though the durian smells like hell, it tastes like heaven.
__________ like hell,
the durian tastes like heaven.SmellingNews report Notre Dame
Cathedral过去分词作状语做状语The fire was extingushed(扑灭)by the firefighters, and it amost ruined the Notre Dame Cathedral.
__________ by the firefighters,
the fire almost ruined the Notre Dame Cathedral.Extinguished1. When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
2. If he was given more time, he would be able to do it better.
Review：句型转换（分词作状语）Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
Given more time, he would be able to do it better.
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
谓语与分词，共有一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。
独立主格为特例，时刻要牢记。———————————————The work done ,we went home.
工作完成后，我们就回家了。 Weather permitting , they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。 ExamplesAfter the work had been done, we went home.If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.独立 主格 结构
独立主格结构在句子中有什么功能呢？？？1.The meeting over，we left the room．
2.He returned home，his face pale．
3.Time permitting，we’ll visit the Summer Palace．
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.做原因状语做伴随状语做条件状语做原因状语Examples/做时间状语 功能：独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，多用于书面语，其作用相当于一个状语从句或并列句，常用来表示谓语动词的时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。在口语和非正式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
Attention!! 独立主格结构
1. 表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首；
2. 表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末; Conclusion 独立主格结构的功能名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。 名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 名词/主格代词与不定式之间是将来的或具体的动作。
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。 Structure名词/主格代词+形容词An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 名词/主格代词+副词The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了 名词/主格代词+介词短语The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 在这个结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是单数名词，在这些名词前习惯上不用冠词。但注意比较：
He stood under a tree, hand in pocket.
He stood under a tree, with a hand in his pocket.with a book in his hand名词/主格代词+名词I received many gifts, many of them books.
我收到很多礼物，其中很多是书。There being +名词（代词）There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 It being +名词（代词）It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 There being + 名词（代词）
It being + 名词（代词）（一）构成----独立主格（名词或代词）后接 doing, done, to do，形容词，副词，介词短语或名词构成。即： 独立主格结构的构成名词/主格代词 + 现在分词
名词/主格代词 + 过去分词
名词/主格代词 + 不定式
名词/主格代词 + 形容词
名词/主格代词 + 副词
名词/主格代词 + 介词短语
名词/主格代词 + 名词
独立主格结构是由名词或代词后接doing, done, to do,形容词、副词，介词短语或名词构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子，在句中常做状语，多用来表示行为、方式或伴随的情况，有时也用来表示时间和条件。这种结构多用在书面语中。
独立主格结构The Absolute Structure考试结束了，我们开始放假。
When the test was finished, we began our holiday
The test finished, we began our holiday.
在向导的带领下，我们轻松地走出了森林。
Because the guide led the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
The guide leading the way, We had no trouble getting out of the forestExercises1.(有那么多书要读) , I can’t kill time by playing cards．
2. At the gate stood a PLA man,（手里握着枪）
3.（做完家庭作业），he went to bed．
4.（由于是星期天）， we decided to go home.
The homework done / finished
（With his homework done / finished）ExercisesIt being SundayWith so many books to readgun in hand （with a gun in his hand）1.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ______ for the day.(07重庆）A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished2.The meeting ______over, we all left the room and drove home.（上海）A. is B. to be C. being D. would be3.There _______no bus, we had to walk home.
A. being???? B. to be??????C. was????????D. been√√ExercisesThe listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.
听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。 Attention!!Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed.
Tom总是迟到，他的老板很失望。 独立主格结构的主语没有所有格形式。The chief deitor arriving, we began the meeting.
主编来了，我们开始开会。 独立主格结构中，当表人体部位的词作逻辑主语时，不及物动词用现在分词，及物动词用过去分词。He lay there, his teeth set, his fists clenched,his eyes looking straight up.
他躺在那里，牙关紧闭，双拳紧握，两眼直视上方。’s×英语中还有一些相对独立成分的短语。有些分词短语可以独立存在，在句子中没有逻辑主语，作为习惯用语。常见的有：generally/frankly/strictly/honestly speaking 一般/坦率/严格/老实说
talking of / speaking of 谈到/说到
judging from 由.....来判断
allowing for / considering that 考虑到有些固定短语是带to的不定式，表明说话人的立场和态度，在句中作独立成分，常见的有：to be honest/frank 老实说
to be sure 确实
to tell you the truth 说实话
to cut a long story short 长话短说
to make matter/things worse 更糟糕的是A new technique_______, the production increased by 20 percent.A. to have been worked out
B. having worked out
C. working out
D. having been worked out ________ (judge) from his accent, we know that he is from south. √ExercisesJudging
__________ like hell,
the durian tastes like heaven.SmellingNews report Notre Dame
Cathedral过去分词作状语做状语The fire was extingushed(扑灭)by the firefighters, and it amost ruined the Notre Dame Cathedral.
__________ by the firefighters,
the fire almost ruined the Notre Dame Cathedral.Extinguished1. When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
2. If he was given more time, he would be able to do it better.
Review：句型转换（分词作状语）Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
Given more time, he would be able to do it better.
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
谓语与分词，共有一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。
独立主格为特例，时刻要牢记。———————————————The work done ,we went home.
工作完成后，我们就回家了。 Weather permitting , they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。 ExamplesAfter the work had been done, we went home.If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.独立 主格 结构
独立主格结构在句子中有什么功能呢？？？1.The meeting over，we left the room．
2.He returned home，his face pale．
3.Time permitting，we’ll visit the Summer Palace．
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.做原因状语做伴随状语做条件状语做原因状语Examples/做时间状语 功能：独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，多用于书面语，其作用相当于一个状语从句或并列句，常用来表示谓语动词的时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。在口语和非正式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
Attention!! 独立主格结构
1. 表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首；
2. 表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末; Conclusion 独立主格结构的功能名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。 名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 名词/主格代词与不定式之间是将来的或具体的动作。
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。 Structure名词/主格代词+形容词An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 名词/主格代词+副词The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了 名词/主格代词+介词短语The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 在这个结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是单数名词，在这些名词前习惯上不用冠词。但注意比较：
He stood under a tree, hand in pocket.
He stood under a tree, with a hand in his pocket.with a book in his hand名词/主格代词+名词I received many gifts, many of them books.
我收到很多礼物，其中很多是书。There being +名词（代词）There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 It being +名词（代词）It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 There being + 名词（代词）
It being + 名词（代词）（一）构成----独立主格（名词或代词）后接 doing, done, to do，形容词，副词，介词短语或名词构成。即： 独立主格结构的构成名词/主格代词 + 现在分词
名词/主格代词 + 过去分词
名词/主格代词 + 不定式
名词/主格代词 + 形容词
名词/主格代词 + 副词
名词/主格代词 + 介词短语
名词/主格代词 + 名词
独立主格结构是由名词或代词后接doing, done, to do,形容词、副词，介词短语或名词构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子，在句中常做状语，多用来表示行为、方式或伴随的情况，有时也用来表示时间和条件。这种结构多用在书面语中。
独立主格结构The Absolute Structure考试结束了，我们开始放假。
When the test was finished, we began our holiday
The test finished, we began our holiday.
在向导的带领下，我们轻松地走出了森林。
Because the guide led the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
The guide leading the way, We had no trouble getting out of the forestExercises1.(有那么多书要读) , I can’t kill time by playing cards．
2. At the gate stood a PLA man,（手里握着枪）
3.（做完家庭作业），he went to bed．
4.（由于是星期天）， we decided to go home.
The homework done / finished
（With his homework done / finished）ExercisesIt being SundayWith so many books to readgun in hand （with a gun in his hand）1.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ______ for the day.(07重庆）A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished2.The meeting ______over, we all left the room and drove home.（上海）A. is B. to be C. being D. would be3.There _______no bus, we had to walk home.
A. being???? B. to be??????C. was????????D. been√√ExercisesThe listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.
听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。 Attention!!Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed.
Tom总是迟到，他的老板很失望。 独立主格结构的主语没有所有格形式。The chief deitor arriving, we began the meeting.
主编来了，我们开始开会。 独立主格结构中，当表人体部位的词作逻辑主语时，不及物动词用现在分词，及物动词用过去分词。He lay there, his teeth set, his fists clenched,his eyes looking straight up.
他躺在那里，牙关紧闭，双拳紧握，两眼直视上方。’s×英语中还有一些相对独立成分的短语。有些分词短语可以独立存在，在句子中没有逻辑主语，作为习惯用语。常见的有：generally/frankly/strictly/honestly speaking 一般/坦率/严格/老实说
talking of / speaking of 谈到/说到
judging from 由.....来判断
allowing for / considering that 考虑到有些固定短语是带to的不定式，表明说话人的立场和态度，在句中作独立成分，常见的有：to be honest/frank 老实说
to be sure 确实
to tell you the truth 说实话
to cut a long story short 长话短说
to make matter/things worse 更糟糕的是A new technique_______, the production increased by 20 percent.A. to have been worked out
B. having worked out
C. working out
D. having been worked out ________ (judge) from his accent, we know that he is from south. √ExercisesJudging