完形填空专题精讲
课前准备，课后巩固词汇，深度消化。完形填空选项拓展复习：包括一词多义、近义词、派生词、注意不规则变化等！（2019年全国卷I完形填空选项词汇及拓展）
题号 词性 选项词汇 转化 派生 注意事项
41 动词 keep“保留”；mix“混和 connect“联结”；bring带来 mixture, connection kept, brought
42 名词 crowd“人群”； story“故事”；building“建筑物”； reporter“记者” reporter built
43 名词 face“面貌，外观特征”； position“位置”； age“年龄，时代”； name“名称，名字” age变老, face面对, name命名
44 形容词 silent沉默的, skeptical怀疑的, serious严肃的, crazy疯狂的 silence, silently skeptically, seriously, crazily, craziness
45 动词 discover “发现”； argue“争论”； decide“决定”； advocate“提倡，主张” discovery, argument, decision, advocator
46 名词 camp“营地”；grass“草地”； equipment“设备”； stone“石块” equipment, grass不可数； equipped
47 形容词 remote“偏远的”；quiet“安静的”；tall“高的”；clean“干净的” clean vt.清洁，打扫
48 形容词 new“新的”； special“特别的，格外的”；significant“有重大意义的，重大的”； necessary“必要的” newly, specially significantly, significance, necessarily, necessity
49 动词短语 pay off“奏效，取得成功”； spread out“伸展，散开”； blow up“爆炸”； fade away“逐渐消失” pay-paid-paid spread-spread-spread blow-blew-blown
50 名词 atmosphere“气氛， experience“体验”； experiment“实验”； sight“视力，景物” experience vt.体验；经历；n.经验（U）；经历(C) experienced有经验的
51 动词 study“研究”； observe“观察”； explore“探索”； regard“认为” study学习；书房 regard问候 regard…as…把……看作 be regarded as…被看作……
52 名词 view“观点”；quality“质量”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的” view景色；看作 view…as…把……看作 on purpose故意
53 名词 scientist“科学家”； climber“登山者”；local“当地人”；official“官员” local当地的
54 动词短语 hold on to“保住”； go back to“追溯到”； live up to“不辜负”； give way to“被……代替”
55 动词 change“变化”；clear“放晴”； improve“改善，提高”； permit“许可，允许” change n.变化clear 清晰的 improvement permission envelope n.信封；封袋 vt.封住；笼罩
56 动词 match“相配”； imagine“想象”； count“数数”；add“增加” match n.火柴；比赛 imagination imaginative imaginary countable
57 名词 village“村庄”；desert“沙漠”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊” villager村民
58 副词 obviously“明显地”； easily“容易地”； consequently“结果”； finally“最后，终于” consequently=as a result/ consequence; finally=eventually =at last
59 形容词 permanent“永久的，永恒的”； little“小的”；fresh“新鲜的”； artificial“人造的，人工的” little-less-least
60 动词 enjoy“享受……的乐趣”； deserve“值得”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得” enjoyable save救
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分） （2019年全国卷I完形填空）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa．They 41 with them lots of waste． The 42 might damage the beauty of the place． The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro．
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish． I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths． The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 ．
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top． Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures． This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers． At the base is a rainforest． It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants． Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass． I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand． Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks． 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear．
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true．
41． A． keep B． mix C． connect D． bring
42． A． stories B． buildings C． crowds D． reporters
43． A． position B． age C． face D． name
44． A． silent B． skeptical C． serious D． crazy
45． A． discover B． argue C． decide D． advocate
46． A． equipment B． grass C． camps D． stones
47． A． remote B． quiet C． all D． clean
48． A． new B． special C． significant D． necessary
49． A． paying off B． spreading out C． blowing up D． fading away
50． A． atmosphere B． experience C． experiment D． sight
51． A． studied B． observed C． explored D． regarded
52． A． view B． quality C． reason D． purpose
53． A． scientists B． climbers C． locals D． officials
54． A． holding on to B． going back to C． living up to D． giving way to
55． A． changes B． clears C． improves D． permits
56． A． match B． imagine C． count D． add
57． A． village B． desert C． road D． lake
58． A． Obviously B． Easily C． Consequently D． Finally
59． A． permanent B． little C． fresh D． artificial
60． A． enjoy B． deserve C． save D． acquire
填写下表：熟词性、找联系、合语境。（可用图解法展示该表，圈注答案的根据，直观易懂。）
体裁：夹叙夹议文 题材：环境保护 主题：保护乞力马扎罗山
大意：文章围绕人与自然的主题，讲述了乞力马扎罗山环境遭到破坏的现状，同时也介绍了它独特的生态系统，旨在呼吁人们去保护这一奇观。
题号 词性 答案，命题点联系及启示（段间、句间及句内联系；搭配要考虑语境，特别要注意一词多义在具体语境的灵活运用！！） 错选原因：请在错题处标明序号
41 动词 D. bring句内联系：bring with them lots of waste ①单词不懂； ②不明文意； ③技巧不熟； ④粗心大意； ⑤圈错关键词； ⑥没有区分选项中词汇的感彩和使用范围； ⑦以个人理解代替文中作者意图，认为另一个选项也可以。
42 名词 C. crowds句间联系：about 40,000 people；首尾呼应：crowded
43 名词 C. face句间联系：damage the beauty of the place
44 形容词 B. skeptical段间联系：首段damage the beauty of the place；本段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．
45 动词 discover段间联系：注意However表转折，不久我就发现…
46 名词 camps句间联系：with toilets at camps and along the paths
47 形容词 clean句间及段间联系：形成对比，说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化
48 形容词 significant句内联系：but起作用，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。
49 动词短语 paying off句内联系：但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎取得成效
50 名词 experience句间及段间联系：乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。词汇复现上一段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．D选项sight“景物”为较强干扰项。
51 动词 regarded句内联系与搭配：be regarded as…山被认为是精神之所在
52 名词 view句间联系：承接上句，view译为“观点”而不是“景色”！
53 名词 climbers句间及段间联系：结合本段末句的climb和首段climb
54 动词短语 giving way to句内及句间联系，考查固搭在具体语境的灵活运用：乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3 000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。
55 动词 changes句内及句间联系：上山天气变化
56 动词 count句内联系：twelve shades
57 名词 desert句内联系，结合常识： the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks．
58 副词 Finally句间联系：句子之间的衔接关系
59 形容词 permanent句内联系：永久积雪
60 动词 deserve句内联系，结合文章大意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受……的乐趣”，指好的事情；acquire“获得”，多指获取知识和技能之类。
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完形填空专题精练
课前准备，课后巩固词汇，深度消化。完形填空选项词汇大复习（2019年全国卷II完形填空）
题号 词性 选项词汇 转化 派生 注意事项
41 动词 read读，看 forgot忘记 thought 思考，认为heard听见 forgettable unforgettable read-read-read forget-forgot-forgotten think-thought-thought hear-heard-heard
42 名词 fighting打架；战斗 trembling颤抖 eating吃 sleeping睡 fighter fight-fought-fought eat-ate-eaten sleep-slept-slept
43 动词 tried 尝试 agreed同意 promised许诺 regretted后悔；遗憾 try n.尝试 promise n.诺言 regret n.遗憾 trial n.审判 agreement同意；协议 regret-regretted-regretted
44 动词短语 calmed down冷静 stood up 站起来 rolled over 翻过 run off跑开 stand-stood-stood run-ran-run
45 形容词 injured 受伤的 stolen 被偷走的 lost 丢失的；迷路的 rescued被救的 steal-stole-stolen lose-lost-lost
46 副词 home 回家 past经过 back回来 on继续
47 名词 preparation准备 explanation解释 test 测试 search搜寻 test n.测试 search n.搜寻 prepare-preparation explain-explanation make preparation for, search for
48 副词 cautiously 小心地 casually 随意地 skillfully有技巧地 angrily生气地 caution n.小心 skill, skillful anger, angry
49 名词 surprise 惊讶 joy 高兴 hesitation犹豫 anxiety焦虑 surprise vt.使吃惊 surprising, surprised enjoy, joyful hesitate, hesitation anxious, anxiously To one’s surprise/joy, Without hesitation, With anxiety
50 动词 predicted 预测 advertised 作广告 believed 相信 recorded 作记录 record n.记录 prediction advertisement belief, unbelievable recorder n.录音机
51 名词 house, phone, street, car
52 动词 called 打电话 copied复制 counted 计算 remembered 记得 call n.打电话 copy n.复制品 countable可数的 uncountable不可数的
53 动词 fed 喂养 adopted收养；采取 found 发现 cured治愈 feed-fed-fed find-found-found
54 动词 hunted捕获；猎杀 skied滑雪？ lived居住；过着 worked工作；起作用
55 介词短语 on purpose故意 on time 准时 in turn依次 in vain徒劳无获
56 动词 cares 关心 sees 看见 suffers 遭受 learns 学习；得知 care about/for see through suffer from learn from
57 名词 place 地方 trouble麻烦 waste垃圾；浪费 extreme极端 place vt.放置 trouble vt.麻烦waste vt.浪费 extreme极端的 extremely adv.极端地；非常
58 名词 service服务 plan 计划 effort 努力 team团队 plan n.计划 serve vt.服务 plan-planned
59 形容词 equal平等的 allergic 过敏的 grateful感激的 close靠近的 be equal to be allergic to be grateful to be close to
60 形容词 suitable 合适的 proud 自豪的 wise 明智的 willing乐意的 suitably proudly, take pride in wisdom, wisely unwilling, willingly be suitable for be proud of be wise for be willing to
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分） （2019年全国卷II完形填空）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota． During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road． He had 43 to coax（哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 ．
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog． So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 ． After a long and careful 47 , Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away． Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him． Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 ． It just started licking（舔）Ehlers’ face．
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper． The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan． Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog．
Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off． Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days．
Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan． "It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ," says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58 ．
"I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs," says Ehlers． "If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile．"
41． A． read B． forgot C． thought D． heard
42． A． fighting B． trembling C． eating D． sleeping
43． A． tried B． agreed C． promised D． regretted
44． A． calmed down B． stood up C． rolled over D． run off
45． A． injured B． stolen C． lost D． rescued
46． A． home B． past C． back D． on
47． A． preparation B． explanation C． test D． search
48． A． cautiously B． casually C． skillfully D． angrily
49． A． surprise B． joy C． hesitation D． anxiety
50． A． predicted B． advertised C． believed D． recorded
51． A． house B． phone C． street D． car
52． A． called B． copied C． counted D．remembered
53． A． fed B． adopted C． found D． cured
54． A． hunted B． skied C． lived D． worked
55． A． on purpose B． on time C． in turn D． in vain
56． A． cares B． sees C． suffers D． learns
57． A． place B． trouble C． waste D． extreme
58． A． service B． plan C． effort D． team
59． A． equal B． allergic C． grateful D． close
60． A． suitable B． proud C． wise D． willing
填写下表：熟词性、找联系、合语境。（可用图解法展示该表，圈注答案的根据，直观易懂。）
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：帮人找回宠物狗
大意：本文讲述了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回丢失的宠物狗的故事。
题号 词性 答案，命题点联系及启示（段间、句间及句内联系；搭配要考虑语境，特别要注意一词多义在具体语境的灵活运用！！） 错选原因：请在错题处标明序号
41 动词 C句内及句间联系：想起(thought)了他在路边看到的那只颤抖的小狗。 ①单词不懂； ②不明文意； ③技巧不熟； ④粗心大意； ⑤圈错关键词； ⑥没有区分选项中词汇的感彩和使用范围； ⑦以个人理解代替文中作者意图，认为另一个选项也可以。
42 动词 B 句内及句间联系：答案trembling匹配 frightened“惊恐的”
43 动词 A句内及句间联系：尝试哄小狗
44 动词短语 D 句内及句间联系：上一句“尝试哄小狗”，注意but后面的内容，小狗因惊恐而跑开了。
45 形容词 C 段间联系：第三段第一句中的“as lost in the local paper”可知，Ehlers很担心那只丢失的(lost)狗。
46 副词 C 段间联系：根据空处所在句可知，四天后，他叫上朋友Greg，两人一起开车回去( back)。
47 名词 D段间联系：结合首段，此处指经过长时间且仔细的寻找( search)。
48 副词 A 段间联系：结合首段，根据第一段中的“frightened”可知，那只狗正在谨慎地(cautiously)移动。
49 名词 B 句内及句间联系：根据空格前后句内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸。
50 动词 B 句内及句间联系：由本句的”the local paper”下一句中的“ad”可知，此处应选B。advertise“登广告”。
51 名词 B 句内及句间联系：根据下文Ehlers跟狗的主人取得了联系可知，广告上留有电话( phone)号码。
52 动词 A 句内及段间联系：此处指Ehlers打电话(called)给Jeff和Lisa，告诉他们他已经找到(found)了他们的狗。
53 动词 C 句内及段间联系：此处指Ehlers打电话(called)给Jeff和Lisa，告诉他们他已经找到(found)了他们的狗。
54 动词 A 句间联系：由下句中的“the gun shots”可知，Jeff当时带着他的狗在爱荷华州打猎( hunted)。
55 介词短语 D 句间联系：Jeff寻找他的狗Rosie无果。in vain是固定短语，意为“徒劳无益，白费力气”。 注意but后面的内容！
56 动词 A句间及段间联系：很高兴知道仍然有人非常关心(cares)，不怕麻烦(trouble)。
57 名词 B 同上
58 名词 C句间及段间联系：此处是Lisa在评价Ehlers为营救所做出的努力(effort)。
59 形容词 D句间及段间联系：Ehlers认为，丢失这只狗的主人很可能跟这 只狗的关系很密切(close)，就像他与他的狗之间的关系一样。
60 形容词 D句间及段间联系：Ehlers表示“如果那是我的狗，我希望有人愿意(willing)为我的狗多走一些路程。willing“愿意”。
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